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Context: With the advent of quantum physics, some scientists believed the concept of matter had merely changed, while others believed the conventional position could no longer be maintained. For instance Werner Heisenberg said "The ontology of materialism rested upon the illusion that the kind of existence, the direct 'actuality' of the world around us, can be extrapolated into the atomic range. This extrapolation, however, is impossible... atoms are not things." Likewise, some philosophers[which?] feel that these dichotomies necessitate a switch from materialism to physicalism. Others use the terms "materialism" and "physicalism" interchangeably. Question: Werner Heisenberg suggested that atoms are not what? Answer: things Question: Werner Heisenberg believes that atoms are defined as what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who do not believe a switch from materialism to physicalism is necessary? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who said "This extrapolation, however, is impossible... atoms are lots of things" Answer: Unanswerable Question: Scientists believed that the concept of matter did not change when what physics started? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: Since the system's launch, production costs have been reduced significantly as a result of phasing out the Emotion Engine chip and falling hardware costs. The cost of manufacturing Cell microprocessors has fallen dramatically as a result of moving to the 65 nm production process, and Blu-ray Disc diodes have become cheaper to manufacture. As of January 2008, each unit cost around $400 to manufacture; by August 2009, Sony had reduced costs by a total of 70%, meaning it only costs Sony around $240 per unit. Question: Along with a drop in the cost of hardware, PS3 has gotten cheaper to make because what chip was phased out? Answer: Emotion Engine chip Question: What's the name of the microprocessor produced by the 65 nm process? Answer: Cell Question: What specific component of Blu-Ray disc have also gotten less expensive to make? Answer: diodes Question: As of Summer 2009, what was the cost to Sony to make a PS3? Answer: $240 Question: The August 2009 cost is a result of what percentage decrease in production cost? Answer: 70% Question: Along with a drop in the cost of hardware, PS2 has gotten cheaper to make because what chip was phased out? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What's the name of the microprocessor produced by the 56 nm process? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What specific component of dvd have also gotten less expensive to make? Answer: Unanswerable Question: As of Summer 2008, what was the cost to Sony to make a PS3? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The August 2009 cost is a result of what percentage increase in production cost? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: Cubism was relevant to an architecture seeking a style that needed not refer to the past. Thus, what had become a revolution in both painting and sculpture was applied as part of "a profound reorientation towards a changed world". The Cubo-Futurist ideas of Filippo Tommaso Marinetti influenced attitudes in avant-garde architecture. The influential De Stijl movement embraced the aesthetic principles of Neo-plasticism developed by Piet Mondrian under the influence of Cubism in Paris. De Stijl was also linked by Gino Severini to Cubist theory through the writings of Albert Gleizes. However, the linking of basic geometric forms with inherent beauty and ease of industrial application—which had been prefigured by Marcel Duchamp from 1914—was left to the founders of Purism, Amédée Ozenfant and Charles-Édouard Jeanneret (better known as Le Corbusier,) who exhibited paintings together in Paris and published Après le cubisme in 1918. Le Corbusier's ambition had been to translate the properties of his own style of Cubism to architecture. Between 1918 and 1922, Le Corbusier concentrated his efforts on Purist theory and painting. In 1922, Le Corbusier and his cousin Jeanneret opened a studio in Paris at 35 rue de Sèvres. His theoretical studies soon advanced into many different architectural projects. Question: The ideas of which Cubo Futurist influenced the avant-garde in architecture? Answer: Filippo Tommaso Marinetti Question: The De Stijl movement took part in the aesthetic principles of what? Answer: Neo-plasticism Question: Who developed Neo Plasticism? Answer: Piet Mondrian Question: Who linked De Stijl to Cubist theory? Answer: Gino Severini Question: Who did Le Corbusier open his Paris studio with in 1922? Answer: his cousin Jeanneret Question: The ideas of which Cubo Futurist did not influence the avant-garde in architecture? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who wrote squarist theory? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was prefigured by Duchamp in 1915? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What years did Le Corbusier not concentrate his efforts? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What happened in 1912? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: Traditional architecture is distinctive and include the Manueline, also known as Portuguese late Gothic, a sumptuous, composite Portuguese style of architectural ornamentation of the first decades of the 16th century. A 20th-century interpretation of traditional architecture, Soft Portuguese style, appears extensively in major cities, especially Lisbon. Modern Portugal has given the world renowned architects like Eduardo Souto de Moura, Álvaro Siza Vieira (both Pritzker Prize winners) and Gonçalo Byrne. In Portugal Tomás Taveira is also noteworthy, particularly for stadium design. Question: What is the Manueline style also known as? Answer: Portuguese late Gothic Question: What is the Manueline style? Answer: a sumptuous, composite Portuguese style of architectural ornamentation of the first decades of the 16th century Question: What is Soft Portuguese style? Answer: A 20th-century interpretation of traditional architecture Question: Who are some of the most renowned architects to come from Portugal? Answer: Eduardo Souto de Moura, Álvaro Siza Vieira (both Pritzker Prize winners) and Gonçalo Byrne Question: For what is Tomas Taveira particularly noteworthy for in Portugal? Answer: stadium design

Context: In the controversial elections in 2002, Sassou won with almost 90% of the vote cast. His two main rivals, Lissouba and Bernard Kolelas, were prevented from competing and the only remaining credible rival, Andre Milongo, advised his supporters to boycott the elections and then withdrew from the race. A new constitution, agreed upon by referendum in January 2002, granted the president new powers, extended his term to seven years, and introduced a new bicameral assembly. International observers took issue with the organization of the presidential election and the constitutional referendum, both of which were reminiscent in their organization of Congo's era of the one-party state. Following the presidential elections, fighting restarted in the Pool region between government forces and rebels led by Pastor Ntumi; a peace treaty to end the conflict was signed in April 2003. Question: Which politican left the presidential race after supporting a boycott by voters? Answer: Milongo Question: How long did the presidential term become under the new constitution? Answer: seven years Question: When was the new constitution ratified? Answer: January 2002 Question: When was an end brought to the fighting between the government and Ntumi's rebels? Answer: April 2003 Question: Who won more than 90% of the vote? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did Bernard Kolelas win the election? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did Lissouba advise his supporters to do? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did international observers see no problem with? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What reduced the president's term to seven years? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: The decline of Constantinople – a main trading partner of Kievan Rus' – played a significant role in the decline of the Kievan Rus'. The trade route from the Varangians to the Greeks, along which the goods were moving from the Black Sea (mainly Byzantine) through eastern Europe to the Baltic, was a cornerstone of Kiev wealth and prosperity. Kiev was the main power and initiator in this relationship, once the Byzantine Empire fell into turmoil and the supplies became erratic, profits dried out, and Kiev lost its appeal.[citation needed] Question: What played a major role in the decline of the Rus? Answer: decline of Constantinople Question: What terriroty did the trade from the Varangians to the Greeks route mainly go through? Answer: Byzantine Question: Which terrirory was the main power in this trade relatinship? Answer: Kiev Question: What played a minor rule in the decline of the Rus? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was not a major trading partner of Kievan Rus? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What territory did the trade fro Varagians to the Greeks mainly avoid? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was not a major cornerstone of Kiev wealth and prosperity? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was a minor power and minor initiator? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: Psychological anthropology is an interdisciplinary subfield of anthropology that studies the interaction of cultural and mental processes. This subfield tends to focus on ways in which humans' development and enculturation within a particular cultural group—with its own history, language, practices, and conceptual categories—shape processes of human cognition, emotion, perception, motivation, and mental health. It also examines how the understanding of cognition, emotion, motivation, and similar psychological processes inform or constrain our models of cultural and social processes. Question: What subfield of anthropology studies mental processes? Answer: Psychological Question: What does psychological anthropology particularly focus on in a particular culture group? Answer: humans' development and enculturation Question: What aspects define a cultural group? Answer: its own history, language, practices, and conceptual categories Question: What shapes processes of human cognition? Answer: cultural group Question: Psychological anthropology examines how our models of social processes are informed by what? Answer: understanding Question: What subfield of anthropolgy studies mental health? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where does Pysychological anthropology defocus on human development and enculteration? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What shapes cultural groups? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: Carnival was introduced by Portuguese settlers. The celebration is celebrated on each of the archipelago's nine inhabited islands. In Mindelo, São Vicente groups challenge each other for a yearly prize. It has imported various Brazilian carnival traditions. The celebration in SãoNicolau is more traditional, where established groups parade through the Ribeira Brava, gathering in the town square, although it has adopted drums, floats and costumes from Brazil. In São Nicolau three groups, Copa Cabana, Estrela Azul and Brilho Da Zona constructs a painted float using fire, newspaper for the mold, iron and steel to for structure. Carnival São Nicolau is celebrated over three days: dawn Saturday, Sunday afternoon, and Tuesday. Question: What nationality were the settlers from who introduced Carnival? Answer: Portuguese Question: How many of the inhabited islands is Carnival celebrated on? Answer: nine Question: What do groups in Mindelo challenge each other for? Answer: a yearly prize Question: Three groups in São Nicolau make use of fire in the construction of what conveyance? Answer: a painted float Question: Over how many days is São Nicolau's Carnival celebrated? Answer: three

Context: The departures of Núñez and van Gaal were hardly noticed by the fans when compared to that of Luís Figo, then club vice-captain. Figo had become a cult hero, and was considered by Catalans to be one of their own. However, Barcelona fans were distraught by Figo's decision to join arch-rivals Real Madrid, and, during subsequent visits to the Camp Nou, Figo was given an extremely hostile reception. Upon his first return, a piglet's head and a full bottle of whiskey were thrown at him from the crowd. The next three years saw the club in decline, and managers came and went. van Gaal was replaced by Llorenç Serra Ferrer who, despite an extensive investment in players in the summer of 2000, presided over a mediocre league campaign and a humiliating first-round Champions League exit, and was eventually dismissed late in the season. Long-serving coach Carles Rexach was appointed as his replacement, initially on a temporary basis, and managed to at least steer the club to the last Champions League spot on the final day of the season. Despite better form in La Liga and a good run to the semi-finals of the Champions League, Rexach was never viewed as a long-term solution and that summer Louis van Gaal returned to the club for a second spell as manager. What followed, despite another decent Champions League performance, was one of the worst La Liga campaigns in the club's history, with the team as low as 15th in February 2003. This led to van Gaal's resignation and replacement for the rest of the campaign by Radomir Antić, though a sixth-place finish was the best that he could manage. At the end of the season, Antić's short-term contract was not renewed, and club president Joan Gaspart resigned, his position having been made completely untenable by such a disastrous season on top of the club's overall decline in fortunes since he became president three years prior. Question: What team did favorite play Luis Figo leave Barcelona to join? Answer: Real Madrid Question: What kind of treatment was Figo offered during visits to Barcelona? Answer: hostile Question: After Figo's departure what happened the next three years? Answer: decline Question: What rank was club Barcelona in 2003? Answer: 15th Question: After Barcelona's poor showing in the 2003 season , who resigned from the presidency? Answer: Joan Gaspart

Context: The playing time of a phonograph record depended on the turntable speed and the groove spacing. At the beginning of the 20th century, the early discs played for two minutes, the same as early cylinder records. The 12-inch disc, introduced by Victor in 1903, increased the playing time to three and a half minutes. Because a 10-inch 78 rpm record could hold about three minutes of sound per side and the 10-inch size was the standard size for popular music, almost all popular recordings were limited to around three minutes in length. For example, when King Oliver's Creole Jazz Band, including Louis Armstrong on his first recordings, recorded 13 sides at Gennett Records in Richmond, Indiana, in 1923, one side was 2:09 and four sides were 2:52–2:59. Question: What factors would effect playing time of a phonograph? Answer: turntable speed and the groove spacing Question: What was the playing time common in the early 20th century? Answer: two minutes Question: How many recordings did Kind Oliver's Creole Jazz band require? Answer: 13 Question: What was the normal size disc for popular music? Answer: 10-inch Question: What was the recording time available on a 12 inch disc? Answer: three and a half minutes

Context: The U.S. framed the war as part of its policy of containment of Communism in south Asia, but American forces were frustrated by an inability to engage the enemy in decisive battles, corruption and incompetence in the Army of the Republic of Vietnam, and ever increasing protests at home. The Tet Offensive in 1968, although a major military defeat for the NLF with half their forces eliminated, marked the psychological turning point in the war. With President Richard M. Nixon opposed to containment and more interested in achieving détente with both the Soviet Union and China, American policy shifted to "Vietnamization," – providing very large supplies of arms and letting the Vietnamese fight it out themselves. After more than 57,000 dead and many more wounded, American forces withdrew in 1973 with no clear victory, and in 1975 South Vietnam was finally conquered by communist North Vietnam and unified. Question: The policy of containment in Asia was aimed at what ideology? Answer: Communism Question: What was the psychological turning point of the war? Answer: The Tet Offensive Question: When did this offensive take place? Answer: 1968 Question: When were US forces withdrawn from Vietnam? Answer: 1973 Question: The policy of supplying arms and war materiel for the Vietnamese to fight their own war was called what? Answer: "Vietnamization," Question: The policy of containment in Korea was aimed at what ideology? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the sociological turning point of the war? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did this defense take place? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When were US forces withdrawn from China? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The policy of supplying arms and war materiel for the Chinese to fight their own war was called what? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: Many insects are considered pests by humans. Insects commonly regarded as pests include those that are parasitic (e.g. lice, bed bugs), transmit diseases (mosquitoes, flies), damage structures (termites), or destroy agricultural goods (locusts, weevils). Many entomologists are involved in various forms of pest control, as in research for companies to produce insecticides, but increasingly rely on methods of biological pest control, or biocontrol. Biocontrol uses one organism to reduce the population density of another organism — the pest — and is considered a key element of integrated pest management. Question: Humans consider insects as what? Answer: pests Question: Lice and bed bugs are considered what kind of insect? Answer: parasitic Question: Flies and what other kind of insect transmit diseases? Answer: mosquitoes Question: What kind of insect can damage architectural structures? Answer: termites Question: Locusts destroy what? Answer: agricultural goods

Context: In Fall 2008, Northwestern opened a campus in Education City, Doha, Qatar, joining five other American universities: Carnegie Mellon University, Cornell University, Georgetown University, Texas A&M University, and Virginia Commonwealth University. Through the Medill School of Journalism and School of Communication, NU-Q offers bachelor's degrees in journalism and communication respectively. The Qatar Foundation for Education, Science and Community Development provided funding for construction and administrative costs as well as support to hire 50 to 60 faculty and staff, some of whom rotate between the Evanston and Qatar campuses. In February 2016, Northwestern reached an agreement with the Qatar Foundation to extend the operations of the NU-Q branch for an additional decade, through the 2027-2028 academic year. Question: What branch did Northwestern open in Education City, Doha, Qatar? Answer: NU-Q Question: What bachelor's degree is offered at NU-Q through the Medill School of Journalism? Answer: journalism Question: Who provided the funding for the construction and administrative costs for NU-Q? Answer: The Qatar Foundation for Education, Science and Community Development Question: How long is the NU-Q branch of Northwestern scheduled to operate through an agreement in 2016? Answer: through the 2027-2028 academic year Question: What bachelor's degree is offered at NU-Q through the School of Communication? Answer: journalism Question: What branch did Southwestern open in Education City, Doha, Qatar? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What non-bachelor's degree is offered at NU-Q through the Medill School of Journalism? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who provided the funding for the construction and administrative costs for NI-Q? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How long is the NU-Q branch of Northwestern scheduled to operate through an agreement in 2006? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What bachelor's degree is offered at NI-Q through the School of Communication? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: The total solar energy absorbed by Earth's atmosphere, oceans and land masses is approximately 3,850,000 exajoules (EJ) per year. In 2002, this was more energy in one hour than the world used in one year. Photosynthesis captures approximately 3,000 EJ per year in biomass. The amount of solar energy reaching the surface of the planet is so vast that in one year it is about twice as much as will ever be obtained from all of the Earth's non-renewable resources of coal, oil, natural gas, and mined uranium combined, Question: Each year the Earth absorbs how much solar energy in exajoules? Answer: 3,850,000 Question: In 2002, the Sun provided more energy in one hour than humans used in what span of time? Answer: one year Question: How much energy in exajoules does photosynthesis capture each year? Answer: 3,000 Question: Twice the amount of energy obtainable by all the non-renewable sources on Earth can be provided by the Sun in what span of time? Answer: one year Question: What is the amount of solar energy absorbed by the earth? Answer: approximately 3,850,000 exajoules (EJ) per year Question: How much solar energy is captured by photosynthesis? Answer: approximately 3,000 EJ per year Question: The amount of solar energy per year is twice as much as the energy that will ever be produced from what resources? Answer: coal, oil, natural gas, and mined uranium combined

Context: Gateway National Recreation Area contains over 26,000 acres (10,521.83 ha) in total, most of it surrounded by New York City, including the Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge in Brooklyn and Queens, over 9,000 acres (36 km2) of salt marsh, islands, and water, including most of Jamaica Bay. Also in Queens, the park includes a significant portion of the western Rockaway Peninsula, most notably Jacob Riis Park and Fort Tilden. In Staten Island, the park includes Fort Wadsworth, with historic pre-Civil War era Battery Weed and Fort Tompkins, and Great Kills Park, with beaches, trails, and a marina. Question: How large is the Gateway National recreation Area in hectares? Answer: 10,521.83 Question: About how large is the Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge in acres? Answer: 9,000 Question: What fort is located on the Rockaway Peninsula? Answer: Fort Tilden Question: What park is located on the Rockaway Peninsula? Answer: Jacob Riis Park Question: What body of water is Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge adjacent to? Answer: Jamaica Bay Question: How many acres of land does Gateway Nation Recreation contain? Answer: over 26,000

Context: The Spanish language has been present in what is now the United States since the 16th and 17th centuries, with the arrival of Spanish colonization in North America that would later become the states of Florida, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and California. The Spanish explorers explored areas of 42 future U.S. states leaving behind a varying range of Hispanic legacy in the North American continent. Additionally, western regions of the Louisiana Territory were under Spanish rule between 1763 to 1800, after the French and Indian War, further extending the Spanish influence throughout modern-day United States of America. Question: How old is the Spanish language in the United States? Answer: The Spanish language has been present in what is now the United States since the 16th and 17th centuries Question: Did the Spanish conquer land in the United States? Answer: Spanish colonization in North America that would later become the states of Florida, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and California. Question: Where in the United States did the Spanish explore? Answer: The Spanish explorers explored areas of 42 future U.S. states Question: Were there states ruled by the Spanish? Answer: western regions of the Louisiana Territory were under Spanish rule between 1763 to 1800, Question: Do the Spanish have a legacy in America from their forefathers? Answer: after the French and Indian War, further extending the Spanish influence throughout modern-day United States of America. Question: When did the Spanish language start showing up in America? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Florida, Texas, and Colorado were part of which colonization? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Besides Florida, Texas, and Colorado, which other states were included in the colonization? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many US states did the Spanish explorers explore? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which years was the Louisiana Territory under Spanish rule? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Since when was the Spanish language been present in Mexico? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When were eastern regions of the Louisiana Territory under Spanish rule? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many future U.S. states did French explorers explore? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What states were colonized by the French? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What conflict caused eastern regions of the Louisiana to be under Spanish rule? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: The use of alloys by humans started with the use of meteoric iron, a naturally occurring alloy of nickel and iron. It is the main constituent of iron meteorites which occasionally fall down on Earth from outer space. As no metallurgic processes were used to separate iron from nickel, the alloy was used as it was. Meteoric iron could be forged from a red heat to make objects such as tools, weapons, and nails. In many cultures it was shaped by cold hammering into knives and arrowheads. They were often used as anvils. Meteoric iron was very rare and valuable, and difficult for ancient people to work. Question: What was one of the first alloys used by humans? Answer: meteoric iron Question: What is meteoric iron composed of? Answer: nickel and iron Question: What can forged meteoric iron make? Answer: tools, weapons, and nails Question: Where does meteoric iron come from? Answer: iron meteorites Question: How does meteoric iron come to earth? Answer: occasionally fall down on Earth from outer space Question: What was the first man-made alloy used by humans? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was used to separate the iron and nickelin meteoric iron? And Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was formed from meteoric iron using hot hammering? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What kind of iron was readily available to people? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: The national economy grew significantly through agrarian reform, major modernization projects such as the Helwan steel works and the Aswan Dam, and nationalization schemes such as that of the Suez Canal. However, the marked economic growth of the early 1960s took a downturn for the remainder of the decade, only recovering in 1970. Egypt experienced a "golden age" of culture during Nasser's presidency, according to historian Joel Gordon, particularly in film, television, theater, radio, literature, fine arts, comedy, poetry, and music. Egypt under Nasser dominated the Arab world in these fields, producing cultural icons. Question: What reform, initiated by Nasser, caused the Egyptian economy to grow? Answer: agrarian Question: What are two infrastructure projects Nasser embarked on? Answer: Helwan steel works and the Aswan Dam Question: How was Egyptian culture under Nasser refered to? Answer: golden age Question: What was the most prominent thing Nasser nationalized? Answer: Suez Canal

Context: 24th Street is in two parts. 24th Street starts at First Avenue and it ends at Madison Avenue, because of Madison Square Park. 25th Street, which is in three parts, starts at FDR Drive, is a pedestrian plaza between Third Avenue and Lexington Avenue, and ends at Madison. Then West 24th and 25th Streets continue from Fifth Avenue to Eleventh Avenue (25th) or Twelfth Avenue (24th). Question: Which street is a pedestrian plaza between Third Avenue and Lexington Avenue? Answer: 25th Street Question: Where does 24th street start? Answer: First Avenue Question: Which park is at the end of 24th Street and Madison Avenue? Answer: Madison Square Park Question: Where does 25th Street end? Answer: Madison Question: After being interrupted, where do 24th and 25th Streets continue from? Answer: Fifth Avenue

Context: The south of the city is home to some other high-income neighborhoods such as Colonia del Valle and Jardines del Pedregal, and the formerly separate colonial towns of Coyoacán, San Ángel, and San Jerónimo. Along Avenida Insurgentes from Paseo de la Reforma, near the center, south past the World Trade Center and UNAM university towards the Periférico ring road, is another important corridor of corporate office space. The far southern boroughs of Xochimilco and Tláhuac have a significant rural population with Milpa Alta being entirely rural. Question: What type of population lives in Tiahuac? Answer: rural Question: How is Milpa Alta constructed? Answer: entirely rural Question: Where is the World Trade Center? Answer: Along Avenida Insurgentes Question: What is the name of one of the rich neighborhoods south of the city? Answer: Colonia del Valle

Context: Other features of the city's transportation infrastructure encompass more than 12,000 yellow taxicabs; various competing startup transportation network companies; and an aerial tramway that transports commuters between Roosevelt Island and Manhattan Island. Question: About how many yellow cabs operate in New York? Answer: 12,000 Question: Where does the aerial tramway that starts on Roosevelt Island terminate? Answer: Manhattan Island

Context: The concept of liberation (nirvāṇa)—the goal of the Buddhist path—is closely related to overcoming ignorance (avidyā), a fundamental misunderstanding or mis-perception of the nature of reality. In awakening to the true nature of the self and all phenomena one develops dispassion for the objects of clinging, and is liberated from suffering (dukkha) and the cycle of incessant rebirths (saṃsāra). To this end, the Buddha recommended viewing things as characterized by the three marks of existence. Question: What is the goal of the Buddhist path? Answer: liberation Question: Upon awakening to the true nature of the self, what is one is liberated from? Answer: suffering (dukkha) and the cycle of incessant rebirths (saṃsāra) Question: Liberation is know as what? Answer: nirvāṇa Question: What is the goal of the buddhist path? Answer: nirvāṇa Question: In awakening to the true nature of the self, one no longer care about what? Answer: objects Question: Buddha recommended viewing thing by how many marks of existence? Answer: three

Context: The Rule of Law is especially important as an influence on the economic development in developing and transitional countries. To date, the term “rule of law” has been used primarily in the English-speaking countries, and it is not yet fully clarified even with regard to such well-established democracies as, for instance, Sweden, Denmark, France, Germany, or Japan. A common language between lawyers of common law and civil law countries as well as between legal communities of developed and developing countries is critically important for research of links between the rule of law and real economy. Question: What language is spoken in most rule of law countries? Answer: English Question: In what types of countries is the rule of law important to the economy? Answer: developing and transitional Question: In non English speaking countries, what is the rule of law referred to as? Answer: not yet fully clarified Question: What other countries have successful democracies? Answer: Sweden, Denmark, France, Germany, or Japan Question: What is critically important for discussion of rules, laws, and the economy? Answer: common language Question: Where is the rule of law least important? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What term is primarily used in non-English speaking countries? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What well-established democracies have a clear understanding of role of law? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is a common language not important for? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: All iPods except for the iPod Touch can function in "disk mode" as mass storage devices to store data files but this may not be the default behavior, and in the case of the iPod Touch, requires special software.[citation needed] If an iPod is formatted on a Mac OS computer, it uses the HFS+ file system format, which allows it to serve as a boot disk for a Mac computer. If it is formatted on Windows, the FAT32 format is used. With the release of the Windows-compatible iPod, the default file system used on the iPod line switched from HFS+ to FAT32, although it can be reformatted to either file system (excluding the iPod Shuffle which is strictly FAT32). Generally, if a new iPod (excluding the iPod Shuffle) is initially plugged into a computer running Windows, it will be formatted with FAT32, and if initially plugged into a Mac running Mac OS it will be formatted with HFS+. Question: To work as a boot disk for a Mac, what file system must an iPod be formatted with? Answer: HFS+ Question: If connected to a Windows PC when first set up, what file system will an iPod be formatted with? Answer: FAT32

Context: Mechanically scanned, 30-line television broadcasts by John Logie Baird began in 1929, using the BBC transmitter in London, and by 1930 a regular schedule of programmes was transmitted from the BBC antenna in Brookmans Park. Television production was switched from Baird's company to what is now known as BBC One on 2 August 1932, and continued until September 1935. Regularly scheduled electronically scanned television began from Alexandra Palace in London on 2 November 1936, to just a few hundred viewers in the immediate area. The first programme broadcast – and thus the first ever, on a dedicated TV channel – was "Opening of the BBC Television Service" at 15:00. The first major outside broadcast was the coronation of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth in May 1937. The service was reaching an estimated 25,000–40,000 homes before the outbreak of World War II which caused the service to be suspended in September 1939. The VHF broadcasts would have provided an ideal radio beacon for German bombers homing in on London, and the engineers and technicians of the service would be needed for the war effort, in particular the radar programme. Question: Where was the BBC's transmitter located in 1930? Answer: Brookmans Park Question: When did the BBC start broadcasting under the name BBC One? Answer: 2 August 1932 Question: What was the title of the first show seen on the BBC? Answer: Opening of the BBC Television Service Question: Which members of British royalty were seen on the BBC in May of 1937? Answer: King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Question: When did the BBC cease broadcasts due to World War II? Answer: September 1939 Question: What year did 30-line television broadcasts by Logie John Baird begin? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was BBC One established? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What began on 2 November 1935? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What broadcast event took place in September 1939? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What happened to service in May of 1939? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: The party's decision-making bodies on a national level formally include the National Executive Committee (NEC), Labour Party Conference and National Policy Forum (NPF)—although in practice the Parliamentary leadership has the final say on policy. The 2008 Labour Party Conference was the first at which affiliated trade unions and Constituency Labour Parties did not have the right to submit motions on contemporary issues that would previously have been debated. Labour Party conferences now include more "keynote" addresses, guest speakers and question-and-answer sessions, while specific discussion of policy now takes place in the National Policy Forum. Question: What are the party's decision making bodies on a local level? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What has the first say on policy? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was the first time trade unions had the right to submit motions? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What includes less keynote addresses now? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where does discussion of policy never take place? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: Kinship can refer both to the study of the patterns of social relationships in one or more human cultures, or it can refer to the patterns of social relationships themselves. Over its history, anthropology has developed a number of related concepts and terms, such as "descent", "descent groups", "lineages", "affines", "cognates", and even "fictive kinship". Broadly, kinship patterns may be considered to include people related both by descent (one's social relations during development), and also relatives by marriage. Question: What can refer to the study of patterns in human cultures? Answer: Kinship Question: What has developed a number of related concepts and terms? Answer: anthropology Question: When has anthropology developed related terms? Answer: Over its history Question: What does it mean if people are related by descent? Answer: one's social relations during development Question: Kinship patterns can included people who are relatives by what cultural ritual involving the exchange of rings and sometimes dowry? Answer: marriage Question: What is the study of human culture? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What has developed a number of unrelated concepts and terms? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What type of patterns onlyrefer to people related by descent? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: The system was later extended to cover larger ranges and some of its practical shortcomings were addressed by the Austrian scientist Josef Maria Eder (1855–1944) and Flemish-born botanist Walter Hecht (de) (1896–1960), (who, in 1919/1920, jointly developed their Eder–Hecht neutral wedge sensitometer measuring emulsion speeds in Eder–Hecht grades). Still, it remained difficult for manufactures to reliably determine film speeds, often only by comparing with competing products, so that an increasing number of modified semi-Scheiner-based systems started to spread, which no longer followed Scheiner's original procedures and thereby defeated the idea of comparability. Question: Who developed a device that improved on the shortcomings of Scheiner's invention? Answer: Austrian scientist Josef Maria Eder (1855–1944) and Flemish-born botanist Walter Hecht (de) Question: What did the Eder-Hecht device measure? Answer: emulsion speeds Question: What method did manufacturers use much of the time to compare film speeds? Answer: comparing with competing products Question: What type of measurement methods began to proliferate? Answer: modified semi-Scheiner-based systems Question: What eliminated comparability? Answer: modified semi-Scheiner-based systems Question: Who caused the shortcomings in the Scheiner invention? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What device allowed manufacturers to reliably determine speed? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was revised to a measure a tighter range? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What made comparability a more common option? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What scientist suggested comparing the systems? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: On 3 February 1807, British troops under the command of General Samuel Auchmuty and Admiral Charles Stirling occupied the city during the Battle of Montevideo (1807), but it was recaptured by the Spanish in the same year on 2 September when John Whitelocke was forced to surrender to troops formed by forces of the Banda Oriental—roughly the same area as modern Uruguay—and of Buenos Aires. After this conflict, the governor of Montevideo Francisco Javier de Elío opposed the new viceroy Santiago de Liniers, and created a government Junta when the Peninsular War started in Spain, in defiance of Liniers. Elío disestablished the Junta when Liniers was replaced by Baltasar Hidalgo de Cisneros. Question: When did British troops occupy the city of Montevideo? Answer: 3 February 1807 Question: When did the Spanish recapture the city of Montevideo? Answer: 2 September Question: Who was forced to surrender to troops formed by forces of the Banda Oriental? Answer: John Whitelocke Question: Who replaced Liniers? Answer: Baltasar Hidalgo de Cisneros

Context: Ann Arbor is part of Michigan's 12th congressional district, represented in Congress by Representative Debbie Dingell, a Democrat. On the state level, the city is part of the 18th district in the Michigan Senate, represented by Democrat Rebekah Warren. In the Michigan House of Representatives, representation is split between the 55th district (northern Ann Arbor, part of Ann Arbor Township, and other surrounding areas, represented by Democrat Adam Zemke), the 53rd district (most of downtown and the southern half of the city, represented by Democrat Jeff Irwin) and the 52nd district (southwestern areas outside Ann Arbor proper and western Washtenaw County, represented by Democrat Gretchen Driskell). Question: Who represents the congress in Ann Arbor? Answer: Debbie Dingell Question: On a state level the city is part of which district number? Answer: 18th district Question: Who represents the city in Michigan senate? Answer: Rebekah Warren Question: What city is represented in the 21st congressional district? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the 35th district comprised of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who represents the 25th district? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who represents the 81st district? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who represents the 21st district? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: It criticised Forsyth's decision to record a conversation with Harry as an abuse of teacher–student confidentiality and said "It is clear whichever version of the evidence is accepted that Mr Burke did ask the claimant to assist Prince Harry with text for his expressive art project ... It is not part of this tribunal's function to determine whether or not it was legitimate." In response to the tribunal's ruling concerning the allegations about Prince Harry, the School issued a statement, saying Forsyth's claims "were dismissed for what they always have been - unfounded and irrelevant." A spokesperson from Clarence House said, "We are delighted that Harry has been totally cleared of cheating." Question: The School dismissed claims that Prince Harry was cheating by saying the claims were what? Answer: unfounded and irrelevant Question: What was potentially considered abuse of teacher-student confidentiality? Answer: Forsyth's decision to record a conversation with Harry Question: The tribunal denied responsibility for what concerning Harry's recording in the Forsyth case? Answer: determine whether or not it was legitimate Question: Who was the spokesperson for Clarence House? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who wrote the text for Prince Harry's expressive art project? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was one of the members of the tribunal? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who issued the statement for the school? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: The nationalization announcement was greeted very emotionally by the audience and, throughout the Arab world, thousands entered the streets shouting slogans of support. US ambassador Henry A. Byroade stated, "I cannot overemphasize [the] popularity of the Canal Company nationalization within Egypt, even among Nasser's enemies." Egyptian political scientist Mahmoud Hamad wrote that, prior to 1956, Nasser had consolidated control over Egypt's military and civilian bureaucracies, but it was only after the canal's nationalization that he gained near-total popular legitimacy and firmly established himself as the "charismatic leader" and "spokesman for the masses not only in Egypt, but all over the Third World". According to Aburish, this was Nasser's largest pan-Arab triumph at the time and "soon his pictures were to be found in the tents of Yemen, the souks of Marrakesh, and the posh villas of Syria". The official reason given for the nationalization was that funds from the canal would be used for the construction of the dam in Aswan. That same day, Egypt closed the canal to Israeli shipping. Question: How did the Arab world react to news of the nationalization of the Suez Canal? Answer: support Question: What nation's shipping was forbidden from using the Suez Canal? Answer: Israeli Question: What US ambassador spoke about the widespread support for Nasser's nationalization of the canal? Answer: Henry A. Byroade Question: Where was Nasser believed to be a spokesman for the poor and oppressed? Answer: not only in Egypt, but all over the Third World

Context: Officers may be commissioned upon graduation from the United States Air Force Academy, upon graduation from another college or university through the Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps (AFROTC) program, or through the Air Force Officer Training School (OTS). OTS, previously located at Lackland AFB, Texas until 1993 and located at Maxwell Air Force Base in Montgomery, Alabama since 1993, in turn encompasses two separate commissioning programs: Basic Officer Training (BOT), which is for line-officer candidates of the active-duty Air Force and the U.S. Air Force Reserve; and the Academy of Military Science (AMS), which is for line-officer candidates of the Air National Guard. (The term "line officer" derives from the concept of the line of battle and refers to an officer whose role falls somewhere within the "Line of the Air", meaning combat or combat-support operations within the scope of legitimate combatants as defined by the Geneva Conventions.) Question: USAF Officers can be commissioned after graduation from what school? Answer: United States Air Force Academy Question: What is another program that allows officers to become commissioned in the USAF? Answer: Air Force Officer Training School Question: Where is the OTS in the US currently located? Answer: Maxwell Air Force Base in Montgomery, Alabama Question: How many commissioning programs does the OTS offer the USAF? Answer: two Question: What is a line officer in the USAF? Answer: concept of the line of battle and refers to an officer whose role falls somewhere within the "Line of the Air"

Context: Wendy Leigh, who wrote an unofficial biography on Schwarzenegger, claims he plotted his political rise from an early age using the movie business and bodybuilding as building blocks to escape a depressing home. Leigh portrays Schwarzenegger as obsessed with power and quotes him as saying, "I wanted to be part of the small percentage of people who were leaders, not the large mass of followers. I think it is because I saw leaders use 100% of their potential – I was always fascinated by people in control of other people." Schwarzenegger has said that it was never his intention to enter politics, but he says, "I married into a political family. You get together with them and you hear about policy, about reaching out to help people. I was exposed to the idea of being a public servant and Eunice and Sargent Shriver became my heroes." Eunice Kennedy Shriver was sister of John F. Kennedy, and mother-in-law to Schwarzenegger; Sargent Shriver is husband to Eunice and father-in-law to Schwarzenegger. He cannot run for president as he is not a natural born citizen of the United States. In The Simpsons Movie (2007), he is portrayed as the president, and in the Sylvester Stallone movie, Demolition Man (1993, ten years before his first run for political office), it is revealed that a constitutional amendment passed which allowed Schwarzenegger to become president. Question: What author claimed Schwarzenegger is power-obsessed? Answer: Wendy Leigh Question: What's Schwarzenegger's father-in-law's name? Answer: Sargent Shriver Question: Schwarzenegger shows up as the President of the United States in what 2007 animated movie? Answer: The Simpsons Movie

Context: Montevideo is the heartland of retailing in Uruguay. The city has become the principal centre of business and real estate, including many expensive buildings and modern towers for residences and offices, surrounded by extensive green spaces. In 1985, the first shopping centre in Rio de la Plata, Montevideo Shopping was built. In 1994, with building of three more shopping complexes such as the Shopping Tres Cruces, Portones Shopping, and Punta Carretas Shopping, the business map of the city changed dramatically. The creation of shopping complexes brought a major change in the habits of the people of Montevideo. Global firms such as McDonald's and Burger King etc. are firmly established in Montevideo. Question: What is the heartland of retailing in Uruguay? Answer: Montevideo Question: What city has become the centre of business and real estate? Answer: Montevideo Question: What year was Montevideo Shopping built? Answer: 1985

Context: Beta testing comes after alpha testing and can be considered a form of external user acceptance testing. Versions of the software, known as beta versions, are released to a limited audience outside of the programming team known as beta testers. The software is released to groups of people so that further testing can ensure the product has few faults or bugs. Beta versions can be made available to the open public to increase the feedback field to a maximal number of future users and to deliver value earlier, for an extended or even indefinite period of time (perpetual beta).[citation needed] Question: What typically comes after the Alpha stage in the development and testing of software? Answer: Beta testing Question: To whom is the beta testing released to? Answer: limited audience outside of the programming Question: What is it called when a public test continues indefinitely? Answer: perpetual beta Question: What type of testing comes before alpha testing? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Beta versions are released to a broad audience known as what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why are alpha version made available to the public? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the term for the public test that continues for a definite amount of time? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: The Council of Ministers – under the presidency of the Prime Minister (or the President of Portugal at the latter's request) and the Ministers (may also include one or more Deputy Prime Ministers) – acts as the cabinet. Each government is required to define the broad outline of its policies in a programme, and present it to the Assembly for a mandatory period of debate. The failure of the Assembly to reject the government programme by an absolute majority of deputies confirms the cabinet in office. Question: What group acts as the presidential cabinet? Answer: The Council of Ministers Question: What process is required of each government's policies? Answer: define the broad outline of its policies in a programme, and present it to the Assembly for a mandatory period of debate Question: What is needed to reject a cabinet's policy? Answer: an absolute majority of deputies

Context: The Greater Richmond area was named the third-best city for business by MarketWatch in September 2007, ranking behind only the Minneapolis and Denver areas and just above Boston. The area is home to six Fortune 500 companies: electric utility Dominion Resources; CarMax; Owens & Minor; Genworth Financial; MeadWestvaco; McKesson Medical-Surgical and Altria Group. However, only Dominion Resources and MeadWestvaco are headquartered within the city of Richmond; the others are located in the neighboring counties of Henrico and Hanover. In 2008, Altria moved its corporate HQ from New York City to Henrico County, adding another Fortune 500 corporation to Richmond's list. In February 2006, MeadWestvaco announced that they would move from Stamford, Connecticut, to Richmond in 2008 with the help of the Greater Richmond Partnership, a regional economic development organization that also helped locate Aditya Birla Minacs, Amazon.com, and Honeywell International, to the region. Question: According to MarketWatch, where did Richmond rank among cities for business? Answer: third Question: What did MarketWatch think was the fourth best city for business? Answer: Boston Question: What type of business is Dominion Resources? Answer: electric utility Question: Prior to moving to the Richmond area, where was Altria's headquarters located? Answer: New York City Question: What company moved to Richmond from Connecticut? Answer: MeadWestvaco

Context: The base of the stupa has 108 small depictions of the Dhyani Buddha Amitabha. It is surrounded with a brick wall with 147 niches, each with four or five prayer wheels engraved with the mantra, om mani padme hum. At the northern entrance where visitors must pass is a shrine dedicated to Ajima, the goddess of smallpox. Every year the stupa attracts many Tibetan Buddhist pilgrims who perform full body prostrations in the inner lower enclosure, walk around the stupa with prayer wheels, chant, and pray. Thousands of prayer flags are hoisted up from the top of the stupa downwards and dot the perimeter of the complex. The influx of many Tibetan refugees from China has seen the construction of over 50 Tibetan gompas (monasteries) around Boudhanath. Question: Who is pictured on the stupa's base? Answer: Dhyani Buddha Amitabha Question: What is Ajima the deity of? Answer: smallpox Question: What are gompas? Answer: monasteries Question: Visitors from what faith routinely visit the stupa? Answer: Tibetan Buddhist Question: What mantra is engraved on the stupa's prayer wheels? Answer: om mani padme hum

Context: The areas that are not arid and receive high precipitation experience periodic flooding from rapid snowmelt and runoff. The mean precipitation in the Alps ranges from a low of 2,600 mm (100 in) per year to 3,600 mm (140 in) per year, with the higher levels occurring at high altitudes. At altitudes between 1,000 and 3,000 m (3,281 and 9,843 ft), snowfall begins in November and accumulates through to April or May when the melt begins. Snow lines vary from 2,400 to 3,000 m (7,874 to 9,843 ft), above which the snow is permanent and the temperatures hover around the freezing point even July and August. High-water levels in streams and rivers peak in June and July when the snow is still melting at the higher altitudes. Question: What areas experience periodic flooding from rapid snowmelt and runoff? Answer: The areas that are not arid and receive high precipitation Question: What are the ranges of mean precipitation in the Alps? Answer: 2,600 mm (100 in) per year to 3,600 mm (140 in) per year Question: Where do the higher levels of precipitation occur? Answer: high altitudes Question: At what altitude does snowfall begin in November? Answer: At altitudes between 1,000 and 3,000 m

Context: The first significant work that expressed scientific theory and knowledge expressly for the laity, in the vernacular, and with the entertainment of readers in mind, was Bernard de Fontenelle's Conversations on the Plurality of Worlds (1686). The book was produced specifically for women with an interest in scientific writing and inspired a variety of similar works. These popular works were written in a discursive style, which was laid out much more clearly for the reader than the complicated articles, treatises, and books published by the academies and scientists. Charles Leadbetter's Astronomy (1727) was advertised as "a Work entirely New" that would include "short and easie [sic] Rules and Astronomical Tables." The first French introduction to Newtonianism and the Principia was Eléments de la philosophie de Newton, published by Voltaire in 1738. Émilie du Châtelet's translation of the Principia, published after her death in 1756, also helped to spread Newton's theories beyond scientific academies and the university. Francesco Algarotti, writing for a growing female audience, published Il Newtonianism per le dame, which was a tremendously popular work and was translated from Italian into English by Elizabeth Carter. A similar introduction to Newtonianism for women was produced by Henry Pembarton. His A View of Sir Isaac Newton's Philosophy was published by subscription. Extant records of subscribers show that women from a wide range of social standings purchased the book, indicating the growing number of scientifically inclined female readers among the middling class. During the Enlightenment, women also began producing popular scientific works themselves. Sarah Trimmer wrote a successful natural history textbook for children titled The Easy Introduction to the Knowledge of Nature (1782), which was published for many years after in eleven editions. Question: What book was published in 1686 specifically for women with an interest in scientific writing? Answer: Conversations on the Plurality of Worlds Question: Who was the author of Conversations on the Plurality of Worlds (1686)? Answer: Bernard de Fontenelle Question: Who wrote a successful natural history textbook for children titled The Easy Introduction to the Knowledge of Nature (1782)? Answer: Sarah Trimmer Question: How many editions were published of Sarah Trimmer's history textbook for children? Answer: eleven Question: Emilie du Chatelet's translation of what Newton work was published after her death in 1756? Answer: Principia

Context: People lived on the edge of the desert thousands of years ago since the last ice age. The Sahara was then a much wetter place than it is today. Over 30,000 petroglyphs of river animals such as crocodiles survive, with half found in the Tassili n'Ajjer in southeast Algeria. Fossils of dinosaurs, including Afrovenator, Jobaria and Ouranosaurus, have also been found here. The modern Sahara, though, is not lush in vegetation, except in the Nile Valley, at a few oases, and in the northern highlands, where Mediterranean plants such as the olive tree are found to grow. It was long believed that the region had been this way since about 1600 BCE, after shifts in the Earth's axis increased temperatures and decreased precipitation. However, this theory has recently been called into dispute, when samples taken from several 7 million year old sand deposits led scientists to reconsider the timeline for desertification. Question: When did people start living on the edge of the desert? Answer: ice age Question: How many river animals were thought to be found during the ice age era? Answer: Over 30,000 petroglyphs Question: What area of the Sahara is full of vegetation? Answer: the Nile Valley Question: What is believed to have increased temperatures in the Sahara? Answer: shifts in the Earth's axis Question: How many dinosaur fossils have been found? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was the first dinosaur fossil found? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What has the age of the oldest fossil be dated at? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What type of petroglyhps have been found in the Nile Valley? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where is the Nile Valley located? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: New Delhi (i/ˌnjuː ˈdɛli/) is a municipality and district in Delhi which serves as the capital and seat of government of India. In addition, it also serves as the seat of Government of Delhi. Question: In what territory is New Delhi located? Answer: Delhi Question: What municipality serves as the capital of India? Answer: New Delhi Question: For what territory does New Delhi serve as the seat of Government? Answer: Delhi Question: What municipality serves as the seat of Government for India? Answer: New Delhi Question: What municipality serves as the seat of government of Delhi? Answer: New Delhi

Context: During the 11th century, developments in philosophy and theology led to increased intellectual activity. There was debate between the realists and the nominalists over the concept of "universals". Philosophical discourse was stimulated by the rediscovery of Aristotle and his emphasis on empiricism and rationalism. Scholars such as Peter Abelard (d. 1142) and Peter Lombard (d. 1164) introduced Aristotelian logic into theology. In the late 11th and early 12th centuries cathedral schools spread throughout Western Europe, signalling the shift of learning from monasteries to cathedrals and towns. Cathedral schools were in turn replaced by the universities established in major European cities. Philosophy and theology fused in scholasticism, an attempt by 12th- and 13th-century scholars to reconcile authoritative texts, most notably Aristotle and the Bible. This movement tried to employ a systemic approach to truth and reason and culminated in the thought of Thomas Aquinas (d. 1274), who wrote the Summa Theologica, or Summary of Theology. Question: What group opposed the nominalists on the subject of universals? Answer: realists Question: What ancient philosopher was rediscovered, leading to a revival of philosophy? Answer: Aristotle Question: When did Peter Lombard die? Answer: 1164 Question: What was the name of the school of thought that combined theology and philosophy? Answer: scholasticism Question: Who authored the Summa Theologica? Answer: Thomas Aquinas

Context: Other important industries are financial services, especially mutual funds and insurance. Boston-based Fidelity Investments helped popularize the mutual fund in the 1980s and has made Boston one of the top financial cities in the United States. The city is home to the headquarters of Santander Bank, and Boston is a center for venture capital firms. State Street Corporation, which specializes in asset management and custody services, is based in the city. Boston is a printing and publishing center — Houghton Mifflin Harcourt is headquartered within the city, along with Bedford-St. Martin's Press and Beacon Press. Pearson PLC publishing units also employ several hundred people in Boston. The city is home to three major convention centers—the Hynes Convention Center in the Back Bay, and the Seaport World Trade Center and Boston Convention and Exhibition Center on the South Boston waterfront. The General Electric Corporation announced in January 2016 its decision to move the company's global headquarters to the Seaport District in Boston, from Fairfield, Connecticut, citing factors including Boston's preeminence in the realm of higher education. Question: Mutual funds and insurance are what type of industry? Answer: financial services Question: What Boston investment firm helped make mutual funds popular in the 1980's? Answer: Fidelity Investments Question: What helped make Boston one of the top financial cities in the US? Answer: Fidelity Investments Question: Boston is the center for what type of capital firms? Answer: venture capital Question: In 2016, GE Corporation decided to move its global headquarters to where? Answer: the Seaport District in Boston

Context: Yet controlling the "Mandate of Heaven" was a daunting task. The vastness of China's territory meant that there were only enough banner troops to garrison key cities forming the backbone of a defense network that relied heavily on surrendered Ming soldiers. In addition, three surrendered Ming generals were singled out for their contributions to the establishment of the Qing dynasty, ennobled as feudal princes (藩王), and given governorships over vast territories in Southern China. The chief of these was Wu Sangui, who was given the provinces of Yunnan and Guizhou, while generals Shang Kexi and Geng Jingzhong were given Guangdong and Fujian provinces respectively. Question: Who was the most important Ming general? Answer: Wu Sangui Question: What provinces did Sangui control? Answer: Yunnan and Guizhou Question: Name the other two important Ming generals? Answer: Shang Kexi and Geng Jingzhong Question: Which provinces did Kexi and Jingzhong receive? Answer: Guangdong and Fujian

Context: Throughout the Industrial Revolution, Plymouth grew as a commercial shipping port, handling imports and passengers from the Americas, and exporting local minerals (tin, copper, lime, china clay and arsenic) while the neighbouring town of Devonport became a strategic Royal Naval shipbuilding and dockyard town. In 1914 three neighbouring independent towns, viz., the county borough of Plymouth, the county borough of Devonport, and the urban district of East Stonehouse were merged to form a single County Borough. The combined town took the name of Plymouth which, in 1928, achieved city status. The city's naval importance later led to its targeting and partial destruction during World War II, an act known as the Plymouth Blitz. After the war the city centre was completely rebuilt and subsequent expansion led to the incorporation of Plympton and Plymstock along with other outlying suburbs in 1967. Question: What nearby settlement built ships for the Royal Navy? Answer: Devonport Question: In what year did Plymouth become a city? Answer: 1928 Question: What is the term used to describe the attacks on Plymouth during the Second World War? Answer: Plymouth Blitz Question: In what year was Plymstock incorporated? Answer: 1967 Question: Along with Plymouth and Devonport, what location was merged into a county borough in 1914? Answer: East Stonehouse

Context: A large Russian assault on the allied supply base to the southeast, at Balaclava was rebuffed on 25 October 1854.:521–527 The Battle of Balaclava is remembered in the UK for the actions of two British units. At the start of the battle, a large body of Russian cavalry charged the 93rd Highlanders, who were posted north of the village of Kadikoi. Commanding them was Sir Colin Campbell. Rather than 'form square', the traditional method of repelling cavalry, Campbell took the risky decision to have his Highlanders form a single line, two men deep. Campbell had seen the effectiveness of the new Minie rifles, with which his troops were armed, at the Battle of the Alma a month before, and was confident his men could beat back the Russians. His tactics succeeded. From up on the ridge to the west, Times correspondent William Howard Russell saw the Highlanders as a 'thin red streak topped with steel', a phrase which soon became the 'Thin Red Line.' Question: Who did the Russians attack at the beginning off the Battle of Balaclava? Answer: 93rd Highlanders Question: Near what village were the 93rd Highlanders posted at? Answer: Kadikoi Question: Who led the 93rd Highlanders? Answer: Sir Colin Campbell Question: What weapon did Sir Colin Campbell troops use during the Battle of Alma? Answer: Minie rifles Question: What risky maneuver did Sir Colin Campbell have the 93rd Highlanders form? Answer: a single line, two men deep

Context: Traditionally the Rajputs, Jats, Meenas, Gurjars, Bhils, Rajpurohit, Charans, Yadavs, Bishnois, Sermals, PhulMali (Saini) and other tribes made a great contribution in building the state of Rajasthan. All these tribes suffered great difficulties in protecting their culture and the land. Millions of them were killed trying to protect their land. A number of Gurjars had been exterminated in Bhinmal and Ajmer areas fighting with the invaders. Bhils once ruled Kota. Meenas were rulers of Bundi and the Dhundhar region. Question: Members of what tribe were exterminated in Ajmer? Answer: Gurjars Question: What tribe formerly ruled Kota? Answer: Bhils Question: What was the name of the group that formerly ruled Bundi? Answer: Meenas Question: What is another way to refer to the PhulMali? Answer: Saini Question: The Jats assisted in building what state? Answer: Rajasthan Question: What are three tribes that helped build the state of Gujars? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did Rajasthan suffer in trying to protect its culture? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What area did Saini once rule? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What two areas did the Charans rule? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Members of what group were killed in Jats and Bhils fighting invaders? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: This meagre statistic expanded in the 20th century to comprise anthropology departments in the majority of the world's higher educational institutions, many thousands in number. Anthropology has diversified from a few major subdivisions to dozens more. Practical anthropology, the use of anthropological knowledge and technique to solve specific problems, has arrived; for example, the presence of buried victims might stimulate the use of a forensic archaeologist to recreate the final scene. Organization has reached global level. For example, the World Council of Anthropological Associations (WCAA), "a network of national, regional and international associations that aims to promote worldwide communication and cooperation in anthropology", currently contains members from about three dozen nations. Question: What did the 20th century see the expansion of anthropology departments into? Answer: majority of the world's higher educational institutions Question: What was anthropology diversified into dozens of? Answer: subdivisions Question: What type of anthropology is used to solve specific problems? Answer: Practical Question: What does a forensic archaeologist become stimulated to do in the presence of buried victims? Answer: recreate the final scene Question: From how many nations does the WCAA boast members from? Answer: about three dozen Question: Where were anthropology departments found by the 2000's? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What has been combined into one anthropology field? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What type of anthropology is used to solve hypothetical problems? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What do practical antropologists recreate? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: To allow for agricultural development of the Great Plains and house a growing population, the US passed the Homestead Acts of 1862: it allowed a settler to claim up to 160 acres (65 ha) of land, provided that he lived on it for a period of five years and cultivated it. The provisions were expanded under the Kinkaid Act of 1904 to include a homestead of an entire section. Hundreds of thousands of people claimed such homesteads, sometimes building sod houses out of the very turf of their land. Many of them were not skilled dryland farmers and failures were frequent. Much of the Plains were settled during relatively wet years. Government experts did not understand how farmers should cultivate the prairies and gave advice counter to what would have worked[citation needed]. Germans from Russia who had previously farmed, under similar circumstances, in what is now Ukraine were marginally more successful than other homesteaders. The Dominion Lands Act of 1871 served a similar function for establishing homesteads on the prairies in Canada. Question: when did the US pass the Homestead ACt? Answer: 1862 Question: how much land did the Homestead Act allow a person to claim? Answer: up to 160 acres Question: how long did the person have to live on the land? Answer: five years Question: when was the Kinkaid Act brought about? Answer: 1904 Question: the dominion act was passed in what year Answer: 1871 Question: In what year was the Kinkaid Act repealed? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year was the Dominions Lands Act repealed? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year did the relatively wet years of the Great Plains end? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What number of people established homestead in Canada? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many homesteaders failed to establish cultivated land? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: Similar alloys with the addition of a small amount of lead can be cold-rolled into sheets. An alloy of 96% zinc and 4% aluminium is used to make stamping dies for low production run applications for which ferrous metal dies would be too expensive. In building facades, roofs or other applications in which zinc is used as sheet metal and for methods such as deep drawing, roll forming or bending, zinc alloys with titanium and copper are used. Unalloyed zinc is too brittle for these kinds of manufacturing processes. Question: What can be done when small amounts of lead are added to alloys? Answer: cold-rolled into sheets Question: What is made with an alloy of 4% aluminium mixed with 96% zinc? Answer: stamping dies Question: Why are alloys used to make stamping dies rather than metal? Answer: too expensive Question: Why isn't unalloyed zinc used in construction applications? Answer: too brittle Question: What can be done when large amounts of lead are added to alloys? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is made with an alloy of 4% magic mixed with 96% zinc? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why are alloys used to make metal rather than stamping dies? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why is unalloyed zinc used in construction applications? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: Charles VII of France ordered his chamberlain to climb Mont Aiguille in 1356. The knight reached the summit of Rocciamelone where he left a bronze triptych of three crosses, a feat which he conducted with the use of ladders to traverse the ice. In 1492 Antoine de Ville climbed Mont Aiguille, without reaching the summit, an experience he described as "horrifying and terrifying." Leonardo da Vinci was fascinated by variations of light in the higher altitudes, and climbed a mountain—scholars are uncertain which one; some believe it may have been Monte Rosa. From his description of a "blue like that of a gentian" sky it is thought that he reached a significantly high altitude. In the 18th century four Chamonix man almost made the summit of Mont Blanc but were overcome by altitude sickness and snowblindness. Question: Where was Charles VII from? Answer: France Question: What was Charles VII chamberlain ordered to do? Answer: climb Mont Aiguille Question: What did the knight leave at the summit of Rocciamelone? Answer: a bronze triptych of three crosses Question: When did Antioine de Ville climb Mont Aiguille? Answer: 1492 Question: When did four Chamonix men almost reach the summit of Mont Blanc? Answer: 18th century

Context: Though it was known in the nineteenth century that bacteria are the cause of many diseases, no effective antibacterial treatments were available. In 1910, Paul Ehrlich developed the first antibiotic, by changing dyes that selectively stained Treponema pallidum — the spirochaete that causes syphilis — into compounds that selectively killed the pathogen. Ehrlich had been awarded a 1908 Nobel Prize for his work on immunology, and pioneered the use of stains to detect and identify bacteria, with his work being the basis of the Gram stain and the Ziehl–Neelsen stain. Question: When was the first antibiotic discovered? Answer: In 1910 Question: Who was the creator of antibiotic? Answer: Paul Ehrlich Question: What bacteria did he treat first? Answer: Treponema pallidum Question: How was his discovery aknowledged? Answer: had been awarded a 1908 Nobel Prize Question: Who based their research on Enrlich's stains works? Answer: Gram stain and the Ziehl–Neelsen

Context: Many Pygmies belong from birth to Bantus in a relationship many refer to as slavery. The Congolese Human Rights Observatory says that the Pygmies are treated as property the same way "pets" are. On December 30, 2010, the Congolese parliament adopted a law for the promotion and protection of the rights of indigenous peoples. This law is the first of its kind in Africa, and its adoption is a historic development for indigenous peoples on the continent. Question: Who is considered to own members of the Pygmies? Answer: Bantus Question: The treatment of Pygmies has been compared to the treatment of what? Answer: pets Question: When did the government of the Congo pass a law to assist indigenous people? Answer: December 30, 2010 Question: Who do many Bantus belong to? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did the Congolese parliament strike down a law to protect indigenous people? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the last of its kind in Africa? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does the Congolese Human Rights Observatory say Bantus are treated as? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does no one refer to as slavery? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: Advanced economies led global economic growth prior to the financial crisis with "emerging" and "developing" economies lagging behind. The crisis completely overturned this relationship. The International Monetary Fund found that "advanced" economies accounted for only 31% of global GDP while emerging and developing economies accounted for 69% of global GDP from 2007 to 2014. In the tables, the names of emergent economies are shown in boldface type, while the names of developed economies are in Roman (regular) type. Question: Who led global economic growth after the financial crisis? Answer: "emerging" and "developing" economies Question: How much global GDP did emerging and developing economies account for from 2007 to 2014? Answer: 69% Question: How much global GDP did "advanced" economies account for from 2007 to 2014? Answer: 31% Question: What economies led global economic growth prior to the financial crisis? Answer: Advanced economies Question: What relationship between advanced and emerging/developing was completely overturned by the financial crisis of 2007? Answer: global economic growth

Context: The tradition of presenting the trophy immediately after the game did not start until the 1882 final; after the first final in 1872 the trophy was not presented to the winners, Wanderers, until a reception held four weeks later in the Pall Mall Restaurant in London. Under the original rules, the trophy was to be permanently presented to any club which won the competition three times, although when inaugural winners Wanderers achieved this feat by the 1876 final, the rules were changed by FA Secretary CW Alcock (who was also captain of Wanderers in their first victory). Question: When did people start presenting the trophy after the game? Answer: The tradition of presenting the trophy immediately after the game did not start until the 1882 final Question: when was the first trophy presented? Answer: the trophy was not presented to the winners, Wanderers, until a reception held four weeks later Question: Where was the first trophy presented? Answer: the Pall Mall Restaurant in London Question: What happens to multiple cup winners? Answer: the trophy was to be permanently presented to any club which won the competition three times, Question: Did that ever happen? Answer: inaugural winners Wanderers achieved this feat by the 1876 final Question: When did the tradition of presenting the trophy right after the game stop? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where was the last trophy presented? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was supposed to happen to a club that lost the competition three times? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who lost the 1876 final? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was the captain of Wanderers during their first loss? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: The ascription of Catalan to the Occitano-Romance branch of Gallo-Romance languages is not shared by all linguists and philologists, particularly among Spanish ones, such as Ramón Menéndez Pidal. Question: To what branch of Gallo-Romance languages is Catalan attributed? Answer: Occitano-Romance Question: Who disagrees with putting Catalan in the Occitano-Romance branch? Answer: linguists Question: What kind of linguists do not like placing Catalan in the Occitano-Romance category? Answer: Spanish ones

Context: In 1999, there was a double homicide in the Westside Clothing store on Lincoln Boulevard. During the incident, Culver City gang members David "Puppet" Robles and Jesse "Psycho" Garcia entered the store masked and began opening fire, killing Anthony and Michael Juarez. They then ran outside to a getaway vehicle driven by a third Culver City gang member, who is now also in custody. The clothing store was believed to be a local hang out for Santa Monica gang members. The dead included two men from Northern California who had merely been visiting the store's owner, their cousin, to see if they could open a similar store in their area. Police say the incident was in retaliation for a shooting committed by the Santa Monica 13 gang days before the Juarez brothers were gunned down. Question: In what year was there a double homicide? Answer: 1999 Question: Where was this homicide perpetrated? Answer: Westside Clothing store Question: What gang is mentioned in connection with this crime? Answer: Culver City Question: What two people were killed inside the store? Answer: Anthony and Michael Juarez Question: Where is the getaway driver of the Culver city gang murder? Answer: in custody Question: What was the name of the third Culver City gang member? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the name of the Westside Clothing store's owner? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which Santa Monica 13 gang member committed a shooting just days prior? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What city were the victims from? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year was Westside Clothing founded? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: Renewable energy technologies are getting cheaper, through technological change and through the benefits of mass production and market competition. A 2011 IEA report said: "A portfolio of renewable energy technologies is becoming cost-competitive in an increasingly broad range of circumstances, in some cases providing investment opportunities without the need for specific economic support," and added that "cost reductions in critical technologies, such as wind and solar, are set to continue." As of 2011[update], there have been substantial reductions in the cost of solar and wind technologies: Question: What is getting cheaper as a result of technilogical change? Answer: Renewable energy technologies Question: As of what year have there been substantial reductions in the cost of solar and wind technologies? Answer: 2011 Question: What group stated that "cost reductions in critical technologies, such as wind and solar, are set to continue?" Answer: IEA Question: What is getting more expensive as a result of technological change? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is getting cheaper as a result of technological expenses? Answer: Unanswerable Question: As of what year when have there not been substantial reductions in the cost of solar and wind technologies? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What group stated that "cost hikes in critical technologies, such as wind and solar, are set to continue?" Answer: Unanswerable

Context: Many annual events celebrate the diverse cultures of Houston. The largest and longest running is the annual Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo, held over 20 days from early to late March, is the largest annual livestock show and rodeo in the world. Another large celebration is the annual night-time Houston Pride Parade, held at the end of June. Other annual events include the Houston Greek Festival, Art Car Parade, the Houston Auto Show, the Houston International Festival, and the Bayou City Art Festival, which is considered to be one of the top five art festivals in the United States. Question: What is the largest annual event held in Houston? Answer: Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo Question: How long does the Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo last? Answer: 20 days Question: When is the annual Houston Pride Parade held? Answer: the end of June Question: What is some other annual events held in Houston? Answer: Houston Greek Festival, Art Car Parade, the Houston Auto Show, the Houston International Festival, and the Bayou City Art Festival Question: What art festival held in Houston is one of the top 5 in the US? Answer: the Bayou City Art Festival Question: What event is the longest running in Houston? Answer: Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo Question: When is the Houston Livestock show and Rodeo held? Answer: March Question: When is the Houston Pride Parade held? Answer: end of June Question: What form of car parade is held in Houston? Answer: Art Car Parade Question: Where does the Bayou City Art Festival rank in U.S. art festivals? Answer: one of the top five Question: What is the largest annual event held in Texas? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How long does the Texas Livestock Show and Rodeo last? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When is the annual Texas Pride Parade held? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is some other annual events held in Texas? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What art festival held in Houston is one of the top 3 in the US? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: The dynasty regrouped and defeated the Portuguese in 1613 and Siam in 1614. It restored a smaller, more manageable kingdom, encompassing Lower Myanmar, Upper Myanmar, Shan states, Lan Na and upper Tenasserim. The Restored Toungoo kings created a legal and political framework whose basic features would continue well into the 19th century. The crown completely replaced the hereditary chieftainships with appointed governorships in the entire Irrawaddy valley, and greatly reduced the hereditary rights of Shan chiefs. Its trade and secular administrative reforms built a prosperous economy for more than 80 years. From the 1720s onward, the kingdom was beset with repeated Meithei raids into Upper Myanmar and a nagging rebellion in Lan Na. In 1740, the Mon of Lower Myanmar founded the Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom. Hanthawaddy forces sacked Ava in 1752, ending the 266-year-old Toungoo Dynasty. Question: How were the Portuguese expelled from Myanmar? Answer: The dynasty regrouped and defeated the Portuguese Question: Did the country have lasting monarchs? Answer: Toungoo kings created a legal and political framework whose basic features would continue well into the 19th century Question: Did the original chieftains maintain power political power? Answer: The crown completely replaced the hereditary chieftainships with appointed governorships in the entire Irrawaddy valley Question: In what year was one of the original Myanmar kingdoms restored? Answer: In 1740, the Mon of Lower Myanmar founded the Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom

Context: The formal structure of the Qing government centered on the Emperor as the absolute ruler, who presided over six Boards (Ministries[c]), each headed by two presidents[d] and assisted by four vice presidents.[e] In contrast to the Ming system, however, Qing ethnic policy dictated that appointments were split between Manchu noblemen and Han officials who had passed the highest levels of the state examinations. The Grand Secretariat,[f] which had been an important policy-making body under the Ming, lost its importance during the Qing and evolved into an imperial chancery. The institutions which had been inherited from the Ming formed the core of the Qing "Outer Court," which handled routine matters and was located in the southern part of the Forbidden City. Question: Who was the main leader of the Qing? Answer: Emperor Question: Which ethnicities made up the Qing government? Answer: Manchu noblemen and Han officials Question: What happened to the Grand Secretariat? Answer: evolved into an imperial chancery

Context: It has been argued that high rates of education are essential for countries to be able to achieve high levels of economic growth. Empirical analyses tend to support the theoretical prediction that poor countries should grow faster than rich countries because they can adopt cutting edge technologies already tried and tested by rich countries. However, technology transfer requires knowledgeable managers and engineers who are able to operate new machines or production practices borrowed from the leader in order to close the gap through imitation. Therefore, a country's ability to learn from the leader is a function of its stock of "human capital". Recent study of the determinants of aggregate economic growth have stressed the importance of fundamental economic institutions and the role of cognitive skills. Question: What is the theory behind Empirical analyses? Answer: poor countries should grow faster than rich countries Question: What has been argued about high rates in education? Answer: essential for countries to be able to achieve high levels of economic growth Question: What is greatly needed with technology transfer when it relates to education? Answer: requires knowledgeable managers and engineers Question: What is the theory not behind Empirical analyses? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What countries grow slower than rich countries? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why don't poor countries go quickly? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is never needed with technology transfer? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: In the judgment of political scientist Randall Ripley, since 1883 "the candidate for Speaker nominated by the minority party has clearly been the Minority Leader." However, this assertion is subject to dispute. On December 3, 1883, the House elected Democrat John G. Carlisle of Kentucky as Speaker. Republicans placed in nomination for the speakership J. Warren Keifer of Ohio, who was Speaker the previous Congress. Clearly, Keifer was not the Republicans' minority leader. He was a discredited leader in part because as Speaker he arbitrarily handed out "choice jobs to close relatives ... all at handsome salaries." Keifer received "the empty honor of the minority nomination. But with it came a sting -- for while this naturally involves the floor leadership, he was deserted by his [partisan] associates and his career as a national figure terminated ingloriously." Representative Thomas Reed, R-ME, who later became Speaker, assumed the de facto role of minority floor leader in Keifer's stead. "[A]lthough Keifer was the minority's candidate for Speaker, Reed became its acknowledged leader, and ever after, so long as he served in the House, remained the most conspicuous member of his party. Question: Who's contention is it that the minority party candidate is clearly Minority Leader since 1883? Answer: Randall Ripley Question: Why was Keifer discredited/empty leader? Answer: arbitrarily handed out "choice jobs to close relatives ... all at handsome salaries. Question: Although Keifer held minority leader role, who was actual gloof leader? Answer: Thomas Reed, Question: Why was Randall Ripley discredited as Speaker in 1883? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What nomination did Ripley receive? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was Ripley deserted by? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What happened to Ripley's career becaue of this desertion? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who assumed the role as Speaker after Randall Ripley? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: On 25 February 1954, Naguib announced his resignation after the RCC held an official meeting without his presence two days prior. On 26 February, Nasser accepted the resignation, put Naguib under house arrest, and the RCC proclaimed Nasser as both RCC chairman and prime minister. As Naguib intended, a mutiny immediately followed, demanding Naguib's reinstatement and the RCC's dissolution. While visiting the striking officers at Military Headquarters (GHQ) to call for the mutiny's end, Nasser was initially intimidated into accepting their demands. However, on 27 February, Nasser's supporters in the army launched a raid on the GHQ, ending the mutiny. Later that day, hundreds of thousands of protesters, mainly belonging to the Brotherhood, called for Naguib's return and Nasser's imprisonment. In response, a sizable group within the RCC, led by Khaled Mohieddin, demanded Naguib's release and return to the presidency. Nasser was forced to acquiesce, but delayed Naguib's reinstatement until 4 March, allowing him to promote Amer to Commander of the Armed Forces—a position formerly occupied by Naguib. Question: Who resigned in 1954? Answer: Naguib Question: What two positions did Nasser assume? Answer: RCC chairman and prime minister Question: What group protested for Naguib's reinstatement? Answer: Brotherhood Question: What did the Muslim Brotherhood want to happen to Nasser? Answer: imprisonment Question: Who did Nasser promote to armed forces commander? Answer: Amer

Context: Inquiry in sociocultural anthropology is guided in part by cultural relativism, the attempt to understand other societies in terms of their own cultural symbols and values. Accepting other cultures in their own terms moderates reductionism in cross-cultural comparison. This project is often accommodated in the field of ethnography. Ethnography can refer to both a methodology and the product of ethnographic research, i.e. an ethnographic monograph. As methodology, ethnography is based upon long-term fieldwork within a community or other research site. Participant observation is one of the foundational methods of social and cultural anthropology. Ethnology involves the systematic comparison of different cultures. The process of participant-observation can be especially helpful to understanding a culture from an emic (conceptual, vs. etic, or technical) point of view. Question: What is the attempt to understand other societies on their own terms? Answer: cultural relativism Question: What does accepting other cultures in their own terms moderate? Answer: reductionism in cross-cultural comparison Question: What can refer to both a methodology and the product of ethnographic research? Answer: Ethnography Question: What is one of the foundational methods of social anthropology? Answer: Participant observation Question: What is a needlessly complicated word which means "conceptual"? Answer: emic Question: What is cultural relativism guided by? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What moderates accepting other cultures on their own terms? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is one of the foundational methods of Ethnology? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does social anthropology involve the comarision of? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: The Boston Red Sox, a founding member of the American League of Major League Baseball in 1901, play their home games at Fenway Park, near Kenmore Square in the city's Fenway section. Built in 1912, it is the oldest sports arena or stadium in active use in the United States among the four major professional American sports leagues, encompassing Major League Baseball, the National Football League, National Basketball Association, and the National Hockey League. Boston was the site of the first game of the first modern World Series, in 1903. The series was played between the AL Champion Boston Americans and the NL champion Pittsburgh Pirates. Persistent reports that the team was known in 1903 as the "Boston Pilgrims" appear to be unfounded. Boston's first professional baseball team was the Red Stockings, one of the charter members of the National Association in 1871, and of the National League in 1876. The team played under that name until 1883, under the name Beaneaters until 1911, and under the name Braves from 1912 until they moved to Milwaukee after the 1952 season. Since 1966 they have played in Atlanta as the Atlanta Braves. Question: Who plays their games at Fenway park? Answer: The Boston Red Sox Question: Where is Fenway park? Answer: near Kenmore Square Question: What year was the first game of the first world series played? Answer: 1903 Question: What year was fenway Park built? Answer: 1912 Question: What was the name of Bostons first baseball team? Answer: Red Stockings

Context: During the 14th century in the northeastern part of the state nomad tribes by the name of Jornado hunted bison along the Rio Grande; they left numerous rock paintings throughout the northeastern part of the state. When the Spanish explorers reached this area they found their descendants, Suma and Manso tribes. In the southern part of the state, in a region known as Aridoamerica, Chichimeca people survived by hunting, gathering, and farming between AD 300 and 1300. The Chichimeca are the ancestors of the Tepehuan people. Question: What was the name of the nomad tribes that hunted bison? Answer: Jornado Question: Along which river did they hunt bison? Answer: Rio Grande Question: How did the Chichimeca survive? Answer: hunting, gathering, and farming Question: The Chichimeca are the ancestors of what people? Answer: Tepehuan Question: The Jornado painted onto what surface? Answer: rock

Context: The portable or table lamp is probably the most common fixture, found in many homes and offices. The standard lamp and shade that sits on a table is general lighting, while the desk lamp is considered task lighting. Magnifier lamps are also task lighting. Question: What is one type of fixture commonly found in offices? Answer: table lamp Question: Magnifier lamps are considered what type of lighting? Answer: task lighting

Context: As musicians depended more and more on public support, public concerts became increasingly popular and helped supplement performers' and composers' incomes. The concerts also helped them to reach a wider audience. Handel, for example, epitomized this with his highly public musical activities in London. He gained considerable fame there with performances of his operas and oratorios. The music of Haydn and Mozart, with their Viennese Classical styles, are usually regarded as being the most in line with the Enlightenment ideals. Question: Whose incomes did public concerts help support? Answer: performers' and composers' Question: Handel gained considerable fame with performances of what two types of artistic work? Answer: operas and oratorios Question: Which two composers are usually regarded as being the most in line with the Enlightenment ideals? Answer: Haydn and Mozart Question: What style of music did Haydn and Mozart share? Answer: Viennese Classical

Context: Lossy audio compression is used in a wide range of applications. In addition to the direct applications (mp3 players or computers), digitally compressed audio streams are used in most video DVDs, digital television, streaming media on the internet, satellite and cable radio, and increasingly in terrestrial radio broadcasts. Lossy compression typically achieves far greater compression than lossless compression (data of 5 percent to 20 percent of the original stream, rather than 50 percent to 60 percent), by discarding less-critical data. Question: What compression is used in a lot of applications? Answer: Lossy Question: What is used in most video DVDs? Answer: digitally compressed audio streams Question: What compression usually achieves far greater compression then lossless? Answer: Lossy Question: What compression is used in a lot of discarding? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What compression usually achieves far greater streams than lossless? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are used in most video DVDs and original streams? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What gets between 5 percent and 50 percent compression? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How are higher percentages of cable radio attained with Lossy? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: The TD Garden, formerly called the FleetCenter and built to replace the old, since-demolished Boston Garden, is adjoined to North Station and is the home of two major league teams: the Boston Bruins of the National Hockey League and the Boston Celtics of the National Basketball Association. The arena seats 18,624 for basketball games and 17,565 for ice hockey games. The Bruins were the first American member of the National Hockey League and an Original Six franchise. The Boston Celtics were founding members of the Basketball Association of America, one of the two leagues that merged to form the NBA. The Celtics have the distinction of having won more championships than any other NBA team, with seventeen. Question: What is the TD Gardens former name? Answer: the FleetCenter Question: What was the FleetCenter built to replace? Answer: Boston Garden Question: How many teams is TD garden the home to? Answer: two Question: How many people can be seated in a basketball game at TD Garden? Answer: 18,624 Question: How many people can be seated for an ice hockey game at TD Garden? Answer: 17,565

Context: In other cities, class conflict was more evident. Over a quarter of London's population had left the city by November 1940. Civilians left for more remote areas of the country. Upsurges in population south Wales and Gloucester intimated where these displaced people went. Other reasons, including industry dispersal may have been a factor. However, resentment of rich self-evacuees or hostile treatment of poor ones were signs of persistence of class resentments although these factors did not appear to threaten social order. The total number of evacuees numbered 1.4 million, including a high proportion from the poorest inner-city families. Reception committees were completely unprepared for the condition of some of the children. Far from displaying the nation's unity in time of war, the scheme backfired, often aggravating class antagonism and bolstering prejudice about the urban poor. Within four months, 88% of evacuated mothers, 86% of small children, and 43% of school children had been returned home. The lack of bombing in the Phoney War contributed significantly to the return of people to the cities, but class conflict was not eased a year later when evacuation operations had to be put into effect again. Question: How much of London's population left? Answer: Over a quarter Question: What locations saw an increase in populations? Answer: south Wales and Gloucester Question: What was another reason for populations moving? Answer: industry dispersal may have been a factor Question: How many evacuees were there? Answer: 1.4 million Question: How much of the population returned in four months? Answer: 88% of evacuated mothers, 86% of small children, and 43% of school children

Context: The Bey Hive is the name given to Beyoncé's fan base. Fans were previously titled "The Beyontourage", (a portmanteau of Beyoncé and entourage). The name Bey Hive derives from the word beehive, purposely misspelled to resemble her first name, and was penned by fans after petitions on the online social networking service Twitter and online news reports during competitions. Question: Beyonce has a fan base that is referred to as what? Answer: The Bey Hive Question: Before the Bey Hive, fans of Beyonce were called what? Answer: The Beyontourage Question: Which social media company proclaimed Beyonce fans are know as the Bey Hive? Answer: Twitter Question: What is Beyonce's fan base called? Answer: Bey Hive Question: What did the fans used to be called? Answer: Beyontourage Question: What is the latest term used to describe Beyoncé fans? Answer: Bey Hive Question: What was the former word given to Beyoncé fans? Answer: Beyontourage Question: What word does "Bey Hive" derive from? Answer: beehive

Context: Judge Taylor appoints Atticus to defend Tom Robinson, a black man who has been accused of raping a young white woman, Mayella Ewell. Although many of Maycomb's citizens disapprove, Atticus agrees to defend Tom to the best of his ability. Other children taunt Jem and Scout for Atticus's actions, calling him a "nigger-lover". Scout is tempted to stand up for her father's honor by fighting, even though he has told her not to. Atticus faces a group of men intent on lynching Tom. This danger is averted when Scout, Jem, and Dill shame the mob into dispersing by forcing them to view the situation from Atticus' and Tom's points of view. Question: What was the name of the woman who was allegedly raped in the book? Answer: Mayella Ewell Question: What is the name of Atticus' client in the rape trial? Answer: Tom Robinson Question: Who stopped the mob by shaming them? Answer: Scout, Jem, and Dill

Context: On 27 June 1950, two days after the KPA invaded and three months before the Chinese entered the war, President Truman dispatched the United States Seventh Fleet to the Taiwan Strait, to prevent hostilities between the Nationalist Republic of China (Taiwan) and the People's Republic of China (PRC). On 4 August 1950, with the PRC invasion of Taiwan aborted, Mao Zedong reported to the Politburo that he would intervene in Korea when the People's Liberation Army's (PLA) Taiwan invasion force was reorganized into the PLA North East Frontier Force. China justified its entry into the war as a response to "American aggression in the guise of the UN". Question: What did President Truman do to prevent hostilities between the People's Republic of China and Taiwan? Answer: dispatched the United States Seventh Fleet to the Taiwan Strait Question: What year did China decide to enter the war? Answer: 1950 Question: What provoked China to join the war? Answer: American aggression in the guise of the UN Question: Where did Mao Zedong declare that he would intervene in the Korean conflict? Answer: the Politburo

Context: The vast majority of visitors in Greece in 2007 came from the European continent, numbering 12.7 million, while the most visitors from a single nationality were those from the United Kingdom, (2.6 million), followed closely by those from Germany (2.3 million). In 2010, the most visited region of Greece was that of Central Macedonia, with 18% of the country's total tourist flow (amounting to 3.6 million tourists), followed by Attica with 2.6 million and the Peloponnese with 1.8 million. Northern Greece is the country's most-visited geographical region, with 6.5 million tourists, while Central Greece is second with 6.3 million. Question: Where does most of Greece's visitors come from? Answer: the European continent Question: How many of Greece's visitors are from Europe? Answer: 12.7 million Question: What is the single nation with the most visitors? Answer: United Kingdom Question: Which part of Greece is the most visited? Answer: Central Macedonia Question: Northern Greece gets how many visitors? Answer: 6.5 million

Context: Following the breakup of the Russian Empire in the aftermath of World War I for a brief period, from 1918 to 1920, Armenia was an independent republic. In late 1920, the communists came to power following an invasion of Armenia by the Red Army, and in 1922, Armenia became part of the Transcaucasian SFSR of the Soviet Union, later forming the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic (1936 to September 21, 1991). In 1991, Armenia declared independence from the USSR and established the second Republic of Armenia. Question: What was Armenia's status from 1918 to 1920? Answer: independent republic Question: When did communists take over Armenia? Answer: late 1920 Question: Who invaded Armenia in 1920? Answer: the Red Army Question: What part of the USSR did Armenia join? Answer: the Transcaucasian SFSR Question: When did Armenia leave the USSR? Answer: 1991 Question: When was the Red Army part of an independent republic after the Russian Empire breakup? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who invaded Russia in 1920? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did Russia become independent from the USSR? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did the Russian Empire come to power and invade the Transcaucasian SFSR? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What part of the Red Army did the communists join in 1991? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: Season five began on January 17, 2006. It remains the highest-rated season in the show's run so far. Two of the more prominent contestants during the Hollywood round were the Brittenum twins who were later disqualified for identity theft. Question: Which season of American Idol stands out for having the highest ratings? Answer: Season five Question: Which two contestants were removed from the show for accusations of identity theft? Answer: the Brittenum twins Question: Which season has been the highest rated of all American Idol seasons? Answer: Season five Question: When did season five premiere? Answer: January 17, 2006 Question: Which two contestants were kicked off the show for identity theft? Answer: the Brittenum twins

Context: In season eight, Latin Grammy Award-nominated singer–songwriter and record producer Kara DioGuardi was added as a fourth judge. She stayed for two seasons and left the show before season ten. Paula Abdul left the show before season nine after failing to agree terms with the show producers. Emmy Award-winning talk show host Ellen DeGeneres replaced Paula Abdul for that season, but left after just one season. On January 11, 2010, Simon Cowell announced that he was leaving the show to pursue introducing the American version of his show The X Factor to the USA for 2011. Jennifer Lopez and Steven Tyler joined the judging panel in season ten, but both left after two seasons. They were replaced by three new judges, Mariah Carey, Nicki Minaj and Keith Urban, who joined Randy Jackson in season 12. However both Carey and Minaj left after one season, and Randy Jackson also announced that he would depart the show after twelve seasons as a judge but would return as a mentor. Urban is the only judge from season 12 to return in season 13. He was joined by previous judge Jennifer Lopez and former mentor Harry Connick, Jr.. Lopez, Urban and Connick, Jr. all returned as judges for the show's fourteenth and fifteenth seasons. Question: Who was added as a fourth judge in the eighth season of American Idol? Answer: Kara DioGuardi Question: Who replaced Paula Abdul as a judge in season nine of American Idol? Answer: Ellen DeGeneres Question: For how many seasons was Steven Tyler a judge on American Idol? Answer: two Question: What year did Simon Cowell announce that he was leaving American Idol? Answer: 2010 Question: What show did Simon Cowell launch in 2011 after leaving American Idol? Answer: The X Factor Question: Who was added as a fourth judge for the eighth season? Answer: Kara DioGuardi Question: When did Paula Abdul quit as a judge? Answer: before season nine Question: When did Simon Cowell announce he was no longer going to be a judge? Answer: January 11, 2010 Question: Which talk show host replaced Paula Abdul? Answer: Ellen DeGeneres Question: When did Steven Tyler become a judge? Answer: season ten

Context: Every year the Appalachian Mountains attract several million tourists to the Western part of the state, including the historic Biltmore Estate. The scenic Blue Ridge Parkway and Great Smoky Mountains National Park are the two most visited national park and unit in the United States with over 25 million visitors in 2013. The City of Asheville is consistently voted as one of the top places to visit and live in the United States, known for its rich art deco architecture, mountain scenery and outdoor activities, and liberal and happy residents. Question: How many people go to see the Appalachian Mountains each year? Answer: several million Question: What part of the state are the Appalachian Mountains in? Answer: Western Question: Great Smoky mountain and Blue Ridge Parkway are located in what mountain range? Answer: Appalachian Question: How many tourists visited the Smoky Mountains and Blue Ridge parkway in 2013? Answer: over 25 million Question: What North Carolina City is consistently voted one of the top places to live in the United States? Answer: Asheville

Context: The farmer, or specifically the small landowner-cultivator, was ranked just below scholars and officials in the social hierarchy. Other agricultural cultivators were of a lower status, such as tenants, wage laborers, and in rare cases slaves. Artisans and craftsmen had a legal and socioeconomic status between that of owner-cultivator farmers and common merchants. State-registered merchants, who were forced by law to wear white-colored clothes and pay high commercial taxes, were considered by the gentry as social parasites with a contemptible status. These were often petty shopkeepers of urban marketplaces; merchants such as industrialists and itinerant traders working between a network of cities could avoid registering as merchants and were often wealthier and more powerful than the vast majority of government officials. Wealthy landowners, such as nobles and officials, often provided lodging for retainers who provided valuable work or duties, sometimes including fighting bandits or riding into battle. Unlike slaves, retainers could come and go from their master's home as they pleased. Medical physicians, pig breeders, and butchers had a fairly high social status, while occultist diviners, runners, and messengers had low status. Question: Who were considered to be below the social rank that scholars held? Answer: The farmer Question: What color of clothing were merchants that had registered with the state forced to wear? Answer: white-colored Question: Who would retainers in the employ of nobles occasionally have to fight? Answer: bandits Question: Who was commonly considered by some to be social parasites? Answer: State-registered merchants Question: How could a merchant prevent having to register as one? Answer: working between a network of cities

Context: Since the work of Franz Boas and Bronisław Malinowski in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, social anthropology in Great Britain and cultural anthropology in the US have been distinguished from other social sciences by its emphasis on cross-cultural comparisons, long-term in-depth examination of context, and the importance it places on participant-observation or experiential immersion in the area of research. Cultural anthropology in particular has emphasized cultural relativism, holism, and the use of findings to frame cultural critiques. This has been particularly prominent in the United States, from Boas' arguments against 19th-century racial ideology, through Margaret Mead's advocacy for gender equality and sexual liberation, to current criticisms of post-colonial oppression and promotion of multiculturalism. Ethnography is one of its primary research designs as well as the text that is generated from anthropological fieldwork. Question: When did Bronislaw Malinoswki and Franz Boas do their relevant work? Answer: late 19th and early 20th centuries Question: What has cultural anthropology distinguished itself from other social sciences by emphasizing? Answer: cross-cultural comparisons Question: What has cultural anthropology specifically emphasized? Answer: cultural relativism, holism, and the use of findings to frame cultural critiques Question: What did Boas' argue against? Answer: 19th-century racial ideology Question: What did Margaret Mead advocate for? Answer: gender equality and sexual liberation Question: Who distinguished cultural and social antropology from other sciences in the 1900's and early 2000? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How was cultural and Social anthropology distinguish from other sciences around the world? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What kind of relativisim has been emphasized by social anthropology? Answer: Unanswerable Question: .What did Boas use to advocate for gender equality? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did Margaret Meade use to argue against 19th century racial ideology? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: In a press conference held by the State Council Information Office the day after the earthquake, geologist Zhang Xiaodong, deputy director of CEA's Seismic Monitoring Network Center, restated that earthquake prediction was a global issue, in the sense that no proven methods exist, and that no prediction notification was received before the earthquake. Seismologist Gary Gibson of Monash University in Australia told Deutsche Presse-Agentur that he also did not see anything that could be regarded as having 'predicted' the earthquake's occurrence. Question: What was stated in the press conference? Answer: that earthquake prediction was a global issue Question: What do many geologists believe about earthquake prediction? Answer: no proven methods exist Question: What kind of issue is earthquake prediction? Answer: a global issue Question: What was received before the quake occurred? Answer: no prediction notification Question: What did seismologist Gary Gibson have to say about the prediction of the quake? Answer: did not see anything

Context: The blue and red colours of the shirt were first worn in a match against Hispania in 1900. Several competing theories have been put forth for the blue and red design of the Barcelona shirt. The son of the first president, Arthur Witty, claimed it was the idea of his father as the colours were the same as the Merchant Taylor's School team. Another explanation, according to author Toni Strubell, is that the colours are from Robespierre's First Republic. In Catalonia the common perception is that the colours were chosen by Joan Gamper and are those of his home team, FC Basel. The club's most frequently used change colours have been yellow and orange. An away kit featuring the red and yellow stripes of the flag of Catalonia has also been used. Question: When were the blue and red colors worn for a game by Barcelona? Answer: 1900 Question: When the colors were first worn, what team did Barcelona play? Answer: Hispania Question: From what source do Catalons think the red/blue colors originated? Answer: Joan Gamper Question: What do the red and yellow stripes of the away kit symbolize? Answer: flag of Catalonia Question: What are Barcelona's most often used change colors? Answer: yellow and orange

Context: The a cappella musical Perfect Harmony, a comedy about two high school a cappella groups vying to win the National championship, made its Off Broadway debut at Theatre Row’s Acorn Theatre on 42nd Street in New York City in October, 2010 after a successful out-of-town run at the Stoneham Theatre, in Stoneham, Massachusetts. Perfect Harmony features the hit music of The Jackson 5, Pat Benatar, Billy Idol, Marvin Gaye, Scandal, Tiffany, The Romantics, The Pretenders, The Temptations, The Contours, The Commodores, Tommy James & the Shondells and The Partridge Family, and has been compared to a cross between Altar Boyz and The 25th Annual Putnam County Spelling Bee. Question: What Off-Broadway theater did Perfect Harmony open at? Answer: Theatre Row’s Acorn Theatre Question: Before coming to New York, at what theater had Perfect Harmony previously been successful? Answer: Stoneham Theatre Question: Perfect Harmony has been called a combination of which two musicals? Answer: Altar Boyz and The 25th Annual Putnam County Spelling Bee. Question: In what month was Perfect Harmony's Off-Brodway debut? Answer: October Question: What genre best describes Perfect Harmony? Answer: comedy Question: What Broadway theater did Perfect Harmony open at? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What drama was based on two a cappella groups? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who's music influenced Perfect Harmoney Answer: Unanswerable Question: What have The Romantics been compared to? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What Off-Broadway theater did Pat Benatar open at? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Before New York, at what other theater was Billy Idol successful? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was The Jackson 5's debut Off-Broadway? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What type of genre describes The Partridge Family? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: Imamah (Arabic: إمامة‎) is the Shia Islam doctrine (belief) of religious, spiritual and political leadership of the Ummah. The Shia believe that the Imams are the true Caliphs or rightful successors of Muhammad, and further that Imams are possessed of divine knowledge and authority (Ismah) as well as being part of the Ahl al-Bayt, the family of Muhammad. These Imams have the role of providing commentary and interpretation of the Quran as well as guidance to their tariqa followers as is the case of the living Imams of the Nizari Ismaili tariqah. Question: What is the Shia Islam doctrine called? Answer: Imamah Question: Who do the Shia believe are the true successors of Muhammad? Answer: Imams Question: What is the role of Imams? Answer: providing commentary and interpretation of the Quran Question: Who do the Shia believe are possessed of divine knowledge and authority? Answer: Imams

Context: After the Romans left, Britain was invaded by Anglo-Saxon peoples. By AD 600 they had established control over much of what is now England, but Somerset was still in native British hands. The British held back Saxon advance into the south-west for some time longer, but by the early eighth century King Ine of Wessex had pushed the boundaries of the West Saxon kingdom far enough west to include Somerset. The Saxon royal palace in Cheddar was used several times in the 10th century to host the Witenagemot. After the Norman Conquest, the county was divided into 700 fiefs, and large areas were owned by the crown, with fortifications such as Dunster Castle used for control and defence. Somerset contains HM Prison Shepton Mallet, which was England's oldest prison still in use prior to its closure in 2013, having opened in 1610. In the English Civil War Somerset was largely Parliamentarian, with key engagements being the Sieges of Taunton and the Battle of Langport. In 1685 the Monmouth Rebellion was played out in Somerset and neighbouring Dorset. The rebels landed at Lyme Regis and travelled north, hoping to capture Bristol and Bath, but they were defeated in the Battle of Sedgemoor at Westonzoyland, the last pitched battle fought in England. Arthur Wellesley took his title, Duke of Wellington from the town of Wellington; he is commemorated on a nearby hill by a large, spotlit obelisk, known as the Wellington Monument. Question: Who invaded Britain when the Romans Left Answer: Britain was invaded by Anglo-Saxon peoples Question: It took how long for the Anglo Saxons to control the Somerset area Answer: by the early eighth century King Ine of Wessex had pushed the boundaries of the West Saxon kingdom far enough west to include Somerset Question: What was the Saxon Royal Palace used for Answer: was used several times in the 10th century to host the Witenagemot Question: What prison does somerset county contain Answer: HM Prison Shepton Mallet, which was England's oldest prison still in use prior to its closure in 2013, having opened in 1610 Question: What rebellion took place in Somerset in 1685 Answer: Monmouth Rebellion was played out in Somerset and neighbouring Dorset Question: In what year did the Romans leave Britain? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year did King Ine of Wessex rise to power? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what century did the Norman Conquest occur? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year did the Sieges of Taunton occur? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who led the forces against the rebels in the Monmouth Rebellion? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: Ski troops were trained for the war, and battles were waged in mountainous areas such as the battle at Riva Ridge in Italy, where the American 10th Mountain Division encountered heavy resistance in February 1945. At the end of the war, a substantial amount of Nazi plunder was found stored in Austria, where Hitler had hoped to retreat as the war drew to a close. The salt mines surrounding the Altaussee area, where American troops found 75 kilos of gold coins stored in a single mine, were used to store looted art, jewels, and currency; vast quantities of looted art were found and returned to the owners. Question: Who were trained for the war? Answer: Ski troops Question: Where was the battle at Riva Ridge? Answer: Italy Question: Where was a substantial amount of Nazi plunder found at the end of the war? Answer: Austria Question: Where did American troops find 75 kilos of gold coins? Answer: The salt mines surrounding the Altaussee area

Context: Secretary of War Elihu Root (1899–1904) led the modernization of the Army. His goal of a uniformed chief of staff as general manager and a European-type general staff for planning was stymied by General Nelson A. Miles but did succeed in enlarging West Point and establishing the U.S. Army War College as well as the General Staff. Root changed the procedures for promotions and organized schools for the special branches of the service. He also devised the principle of rotating officers from staff to line. Root was concerned about the Army's role in governing the new territories acquired in 1898 and worked out the procedures for turning Cuba over to the Cubans, and wrote the charter of government for the Philippines. Question: Who was the Secretary of War who modernized the US military at the beginning of the 20th century? Answer: Elihu Root Question: Which military academy did Root help grow? Answer: West Point Question: What military advisement committee was established by Root? Answer: General Staff Question: What officer rotation doctrine was developed under Root's guidance? Answer: the principle of rotating officers from staff to line Question: What then-US protectorate did Root write a government charter for? Answer: the Philippines Question: Who was the Secretary of War who modernized the UK military at the beginning of the 20th century? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which military academy did Poot help grow? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What military advisement committee was established by Poot? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What officer rotation doctrine was undeveloped under Root's guidance? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What then-UK protectorate did Root write a government charter for? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: The most common Persian word is Masīhī (مسیحی), from Arabic.,Other words are Nasrānī (نصرانی), from Syriac for "Nazarene", and Tarsā (ترسا), from Middle Persian word Tarsāg, also meaning "Christian", derived from tars, meaning "fear, respect". Question: What is the most common Persian word for Christian? Answer: Masīhī Question: What is the Syriac word for Nazarene? Answer: Nasrānī Question: What does tars mean? Answer: fear, respect Question: What is the Middle Persion word for Christian? Answer: Tarsā Question: Which term is the most uncommon Persian word for Christian? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Derived from Persian, what does the Arabic Masihi word mean? Answer: Unanswerable Question: From Nasrani for Syriac, what does Christian mean? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the most common Masihi word? Answer: Unanswerable Question: From which language is the least common term derived? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: A Science Hall was built in 1883 under the direction of Fr. Zahm, but in 1950 it was converted to a student union building and named LaFortune Center, after Joseph LaFortune, an oil executive from Tulsa, Oklahoma. Commonly known as "LaFortune" or "LaFun," it is a 4-story building of 83,000 square feet that provides the Notre Dame community with a meeting place for social, recreational, cultural, and educational activities. LaFortune employs 35 part-time student staff and 29 full-time non-student staff and has an annual budget of $1.2 million. Many businesses, services, and divisions of The Office of Student Affairs are found within. The building also houses restaurants from national restaurant chains. Question: Which person oversaw the creation of a science hall at Notre Dame in 1883? Answer: Fr. Zahm Question: In what year did the student union building at Notre Dame get renamed to LaFortune Center? Answer: 1950 Question: After which individual was the LaFortune Center Notre Dame named? Answer: Joseph LaFortune Question: How large in square feet is the LaFortune Center at Notre Dame? Answer: 83,000 square feet Question: What is the annual budget of Notre Dame's LaFortune Center? Answer: $1.2 million

Context: To prevent further loss of groundwater, Tucson has been involved in water conservation and groundwater preservation efforts, shifting away from its reliance on a series of Tucson area wells in favor of conservation, consumption-based pricing for residential and commercial water use, and new wells in the more sustainable Avra Valley aquifer, northwest of the city. An allocation from the Central Arizona Project Aqueduct (CAP), which passes more than 300 mi (480 km) across the desert from the Colorado River, has been incorporated into the city's water supply, annually providing over 20 million gallons of "recharged" water which is pumped into the ground to replenish water pumped out. Since 2001, CAP water has allowed the city to remove or turn off over 80 wells. Question: What is the CAP? Answer: Central Arizona Project Aqueduct Question: How long is the CAP? Answer: more than 300 mi (480 km) Question: What water source feeds the CAP? Answer: Colorado River Question: What aquifer is Tucson starting new wells in? Answer: Avra Valley aquifer Question: How many wells has Tucson stopped using since 2001? Answer: over 80

Context: Jehovah's Witnesses is a millenarian restorationist Christian denomination with nontrinitarian beliefs distinct from mainstream Christianity. The group claims a worldwide membership of more than 8.2 million adherents involved in evangelism, convention attendance figures of more than 15 million, and an annual Memorial attendance of more than 19.9 million. Jehovah's Witnesses are directed by the Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses, a group of elders in Brooklyn, New York, which establishes all doctrines based on its interpretations of the Bible. They prefer to use their own translation, the New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures, although their literature occasionally quotes and cites other translations. They believe that the destruction of the present world system at Armageddon is imminent, and that the establishment of God's kingdom over the earth is the only solution for all problems faced by humanity. Question: What are the Jehovah Witnesses? Answer: millenarian restorationist Christian denomination Question: What are the beliefs of Jehovah Witnesses distinct from? Answer: mainstream Christianity Question: How many adherents worldwide does the group claim? Answer: more than 8.2 million Question: Who is in charges of directing the Jehovah Witnesses? Answer: Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses Question: Where are the group elders located? Answer: Brooklyn, New York Question: How many Jehovah Witnesses adherents live in the United States? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where was Jehovah Witnesses founded? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many Jehovah Witnesses are involved in evangelism in the United States? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where do Jehovah Witnesses believe Armageddon will get its start? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: The administration of justice was of particular importance to John. Several new processes had been introduced to English law under Henry II, including novel disseisin and mort d'ancestor. These processes meant the royal courts had a more significant role in local law cases, which had previously been dealt with only by regional or local lords. John increased the professionalism of local sergeants and bailiffs, and extended the system of coroners first introduced by Hubert Walter in 1194, creating a new class of borough coroners. John worked extremely hard to ensure that this system operated well, through judges he had appointed, by fostering legal specialists and expertise, and by intervening in cases himself. John continued to try relatively minor cases, even during military crises. Viewed positively, Lewis Warren considers that John discharged "his royal duty of providing justice ... with a zeal and a tirelessness to which the English common law is greatly endebted". Seen more critically, John may have been motivated by the potential of the royal legal process to raise fees, rather than a desire to deliver simple justice; John's legal system also only applied to free men, rather than to all of the population. Nonetheless, these changes were popular with many free tenants, who acquired a more reliable legal system that could bypass the barons, against whom such cases were often brought. John's reforms were less popular with the barons themselves, especially as they remained subject to arbitrary and frequently vindictive royal justice. Question: What was of particular importance to John? Answer: administration of justice Question: When was the system of coroners first introduced? Answer: 1194 Question: Why was John motivated? Answer: potential of the royal legal process to raise fees

Context: In Canada, there are Affiliate Schools, Colleges, Institutes of Technology/Polytechnic Institutes, and Universities that offer instruction in a variety of programs that can lead to: engineering and applied science degrees, apprenticeship and trade programs, certificates, and diplomas. Affiliate Schools are polytechnic divisions belonging to a national university and offer select technical and engineering programs. Colleges, Institutes of Technology/Polytechnic Institutes, and Universities tend to be independent institutions. Question: What are polytechnic divisions of national universities called in Canada? Answer: Affiliate Schools

Context: On 23 October 1501, at Mielnik Polish–Lithuanian union was reformed at the Union of Mielnik (Polish: unia mielnicka, unia piotrkowsko-mielnicka). It was there that the tradition of the coronation Sejm (Polish: "Sejm koronacyjny") was founded. Once again the middle nobility (middle in wealth, not in rank) attempted to reduce the power of the magnates with a law that made them impeachable before the Senate for malfeasance. However the Act of Mielno (Polish: Przywilej mielnicki) of 25 October did more to strengthen the magnate dominated Senate of Poland then the lesser nobility. The nobles were given the right to disobey the King or his representatives—in the Latin, "non praestanda oboedientia"—and to form confederations, an armed rebellion against the king or state officers if the nobles thought that the law or their legitimate privileges were being infringed. Question: When did the Mielnik Polish–Lithuanian union reform? Answer: 23 October 1501 Question: Where was the Mielnik Polish–Lithuanian union refromed? Answer: Union of Mielnik Question: Where was the coronation Sejm founded? Answer: Union of Mielnik Question: What did the actof of milno do? Answer: more to strengthen the magnate dominated Senate of Poland then the lesser nobility Question: What right was given to the nobles? Answer: disobey the King or his representatives

Context: Another instance of ancient humanism as an organised system of thought is found in the Gathas of Zarathustra, composed between 1,000 BCE – 600 BCE in Greater Iran. Zarathustra's philosophy in the Gathas lays out a conception of humankind as thinking beings dignified with choice and agency according to the intellect which each receives from Ahura Mazda (God in the form of supreme wisdom). The idea of Ahura Mazda as a non-intervening deistic divine God/Grand Architect of the universe tied with a unique eschatology and ethical system implying that each person is held morally responsible for their choices, made freely in this present life, in the afterlife. The importance placed on thought, action, responsibility, and a non-intervening creator was appealed to by, and inspired a number of, Enlightenment humanist thinkers in Europe such as Voltaire and Montesquieu. Question: Which ancient text provides an example of the humanist way of thinking? Answer: Gathas of Zarathustra Question: When was this writing penned? Answer: afterlife Question: What well know scholar was inspired by Humanism? Answer: Voltaire Question: Which classified text provides an example of the humanist way of thinking? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What well know scholar was destroyed by Humanism? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was Gathas of Zarathustra lost forever? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What well know scholar was killed by Humanism? Answer: Unanswerable

Context: There has been some concern over the potential adverse environmental and ecosystem effects caused by the influx of visitors. Some environmentalists and scientists have made a call for stricter regulations for ships and a tourism quota. The primary response by Antarctic Treaty Parties has been to develop, through their Committee for Environmental Protection and in partnership with IAATO, "site use guidelines" setting landing limits and closed or restricted zones on the more frequently visited sites. Antarctic sightseeing flights (which did not land) operated out of Australia and New Zealand until the fatal crash of Air New Zealand Flight 901 in 1979 on Mount Erebus, which killed all 257 aboard. Qantas resumed commercial overflights to Antarctica from Australia in the mid-1990s. Question: The entry of whom has caused some worry about the welfare of Antarctica? Answer: visitors Question: What do environmentalists want enacted? Answer: stricter regulations Question: What kind of tourist limit has been asked for by environmentalists? Answer: tourism quota Question: What have the authorities produced in response to these requests? Answer: site use guidelines Question: When did an Air New Zealand crash on Mount Erebus? Answer: 1979 Question: What flight crashed in 1997? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many people died in the 1997 Flight 901 crash? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who resumed commercial overflights to Antarctica to Australia in 1990? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where did sightseeing flights that did land operate out of? Answer: Unanswerable