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Merging Behavioral Science with Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed industries and reshaped everyday experiences, from virtual assistants and recommendation systems to autonomous vehicles and advanced analytics. As AI technologies continue to evolve, there’s a growing emphasis on integrating behavioral science to create more intuitive, effective, and human-centered AI systems. This fusion, known as Behavioral AI, leverages insights from psychology, cognitive science, and behavioral economics to enhance how AI interacts with and responds to human users.
Understanding Behavioral AI
Behavioral AI refers to the application of behavioral science principles to the development and functioning of AI systems. It seeks to bridge the gap between technological advancements and human behavior by incorporating insights into how people think, feel, and make decisions. This approach aims to create AI systems that are more aligned with human needs, preferences, and cognitive patterns.
At its core, Behavioral AI is about designing systems that are not only technically sophisticated but also perceptive and adaptive to the nuances of human behavior. By integrating behavioral science, AI can better understand user intentions, predict behaviors, and offer personalized interactions that resonate with individual users.
The Role of Behavioral Science in AI
Behavioral science provides a rich framework for understanding human behavior through concepts like cognitive biases, decision-making processes, and emotional responses. Key areas of focus include:
- Cognitive Biases: Humans are prone to various cognitive biases, such as confirmation bias (favoring information that confirms pre-existing beliefs) and anchoring bias (relying heavily on the first piece of information encountered). Behavioral AI systems can be designed to recognize these biases and provide information or feedback in ways that mitigate their effects. For instance, a financial AI advisor might present investment options with a balanced view rather than highlighting only the most optimistic outcomes.
- Decision-Making Processes: Behavioral AI leverages insights into how people make decisions under uncertainty, risk, and pressure. By understanding these processes, AI systems can offer more effective decision support. For example, a health management AI might use decision aids that help users weigh the benefits and risks of different treatments in a way that aligns with their decision-making style.
- Emotional Responses: Emotions play a crucial role in human behavior and decision-making. Behavioral AI aims to incorporate emotional intelligence by designing systems that can recognize and respond to emotional cues. This might involve analyzing tone of voice, facial expressions, or text sentiment to tailor interactions and support.
Enhancing Human-AI Interaction
One of the primary goals of Behavioral AI is to improve how AI systems interact with users. Traditional AI systems often operate based on logic and data, sometimes overlooking the emotional and psychological aspects of human interaction. Behavioral AI addresses this gap by:
- Personalization: Behavioral AI systems can learn from user interactions to provide personalized experiences. For instance, recommendation algorithms that account for users’ past behavior, preferences, and emotional responses can offer more relevant suggestions. In e-commerce, this could translate to personalized product recommendations that reflect individual tastes and purchase history.
- Adaptive Interfaces: AI systems can be designed to adapt their interfaces and interactions based on user behavior and preferences. For example, a virtual assistant might change its communication style based on whether a user prefers concise answers or detailed explanations. This adaptability enhances user satisfaction and engagement.
- Empathetic Interaction: By recognizing and responding to emotional states, Behavioral AI can create more empathetic interactions. For example, a mental health support chatbot that detects signs of distress can offer appropriate resources or suggestions in a compassionate manner.
Improving Decision-Making with Behavioral AI
Behavioral AI has significant implications for decision-making support. Traditional AI systems might offer data-driven recommendations without considering the psychological context in which decisions are made. Behavioral AI aims to:
- Mitigate Cognitive Biases: By understanding common cognitive biases, Behavioral AI can present information in ways that help users make more balanced decisions. For example, an investment AI might present risk information clearly and help users understand the potential biases affecting their financial choices.
- Enhance Risk Assessment: Behavioral AI can improve risk assessment by considering how users perceive and respond to risk. For instance, a financial planning tool might offer customized advice that aligns with a user’s risk tolerance and psychological comfort levels.
- Support Informed Choices: AI systems can provide decision support that helps users weigh the pros and cons of different options based on their individual preferences and biases. This can be particularly useful in complex decisions, such as choosing a healthcare plan or planning a major purchase.
Addressing Ethical and Trust Concerns
The integration of behavioral science into AI also brings ethical considerations and trust issues to the forefront. Key aspects include:
- Transparency: To build trust, AI systems must be transparent about how they use behavioral insights and make decisions. Users should understand how their data is used and how AI systems arrive at their recommendations.
- Privacy: Behavioral AI systems often require access to personal data to function effectively. Ensuring user privacy and data security is crucial. This involves implementing robust data protection measures and being transparent about data usage policies.
- Fairness and Bias: Behavioral AI must be designed to avoid perpetuating existing biases or creating new forms of discrimination. This involves carefully monitoring and addressing any biases in AI algorithms and ensuring that systems are fair and equitable in their interactions.
Applications of Behavioral AI
Behavioral AI has diverse applications across various domains:
- Healthcare: In healthcare, Behavioral AI can enhance patient care by providing personalized treatment recommendations, supporting mental health through empathetic interactions, and helping patients manage chronic conditions with tailored advice.
- Finance: Financial services can benefit from Behavioral AI by offering personalized investment advice, improving fraud detection through behavioral analysis, and supporting better financial decision-making.
- Marketing and Customer Service: Behavioral AI can optimize marketing strategies by analyzing consumer behavior and preferences, leading to more targeted advertising and personalized customer interactions.
- Education: In education, Behavioral AI can create adaptive learning environments that respond to individual student needs, track progress, and provide personalized feedback to enhance learning outcomes.
Behavioral AI represents a transformative approach to designing and interacting with artificial intelligence systems. By integrating insights from behavioral science, AI can become more intuitive, empathetic, and effective in understanding and responding to human behavior. As AI continues to evolve, the principles of Behavioral AI offer a pathway to creating systems that are not only technologically advanced but also deeply attuned to the complexities of human cognition and emotion. Through this fusion of technology and psychology, Behavioral AI promises to enhance user experiences, improve decision-making, and address ethical concerns, ultimately leading to a more human-centered approach to artificial intelligence.
FUN FACT and Note: Text generated from chatGPT! on 14 Sep 2024. On https://chatgpt.com/ using ChatGPT4.0 mini
Also, see : Mukherjee, S., Senapati, D., & Mahajan, I. (2023). Toward Behavioral AI: Cognitive Factors Underlying the Public Psychology of Artificial Intelligence. In Applied Cognitive Science and Technology: Implications of Interactions Between Human Cognition and Technology (pp. 3-27). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-99-3966-4_1 | <urn:uuid:14273c40-7376-4fea-85a4-ce1a836704b8> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://decisionresearch.iitd.ac.in/technology/behavioral-ai/ | 2024-10-09T06:48:01Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.902591 | 1,500 | 3.421875 | 3 |
May 10, 2021
Phyllis Orrick discusses Dickens's response to The Old Curiosity Shop's 15th number. Dickens's attitude toward religion is brought up as he begins to make comments on John Bunyan's 'The Pilgrim's Progress.'
In this Dickens-to-go I want to highlight some passages from The Old Curiosity Shop's 15h number, for what they show us of Dickens's complicated attitudes toward religious belief. Surprising to me, he has Nell invoke with affection John Bunyan's The Pilgrim's Progress, the monumental allegory that, short of the Bible, stood and still stands as the epochal story of evangelical Christianity. But Dickens is not content to stop there: he uses his descriptive powers to paint a metaphysical creative force in nature, but it falls short of Godliness, and he ends his flirtation with religion with a sardonic swipe at evangelicals who raise money from the desperately poor to build chapels that will tell them of the perils of Earthly existence and the promise of Heavenly rewards.
I also chose these passages because Dickens professed to be very pleased with how they were turning out:
“Number 15, which I began today, I anticipate great things from,” he writes to his dear friend John Forster in June 1840, about three weeks before it appeared in print.
“There is a description of getting gradually out of town,” he continues, “and passing through neighbourhoods of distinct and various characters, with which, if I had read it as anybody else’s writing, I think I should have been very much struck. The child and the old man are on their journey of course, and the subject is a pretty one.”
It’s interesting that Dickens would say it was a “pretty” subject, as the chapter starts with Nell’s fretting that she might lose her resolve to set out if she has to say farewell to Kit in person. And in the book he describes it as a “wild” journey, more in keeping with the misadventures of the Bunyan pilgrimage. Indeed they set out from the “Babel” of London whose smoky skies and “invading army” of brick and mortar resemble Bunyan’s City of Destruction, from which his pilgrim, The Christian, sets out.
The parallel would be clear to most of his readers as they would know of The Pilgrim’s Progress, even if they had not actually read it. And Dickens is said to have admired it for its power as a fiction.
As Nell and her grandfather set out to escape the Destructive City, Dickens wraps them in a celestial atmosphere.
“The town,” he writes, “was glad with morning light; places that had shown ugly and distrustful all night long, now wore a smile; and sparkling sunbeams dancing on chamber windows, and twinkling through blind and curtain before sleepers’ eyes, shed light even into dreams, and chased away the shadows of the night.”
“Birds in hot rooms, covered up close and dark, felt it was morning”
the cat forgot her duty to hunt mice and wanted only to “bask outside”
“The light, creation’s mind, was everywhere, and all things owned its power.” There could be such a power, Dickens is saying, but it does not own the world; rather, just the opposite; all things own it.
And for the first time, he makes a literal reference to a pilgrimage. “The two pilgrims, often pressed each other’s hands, or exchanging a smile or cheerful look, pursued their way in silence.”
They travel on and eventually reach a hill, suggestive of the celestial hill, from which the traveler, turning to look back at where he has come from, can see Bunyan's City of Destruction or London and "might feel at last that he was clear of London."
“...[O]ld St. Paul’s looming through the smoke, its cross peeping above the cloud (if the day were clear), and glittering in the sun; and casting his eyes upon the Babel out of which it grew until he traced it down to the furthest outposts of the invading army of bricks and mortar whose station lay for the present nearly at his feet…”
And here, Nell is reminded of The Pilgrim’s Progress, as she and her grandfather sit in their pretty spot.
“There had been an old copy of Pilgrim's Progress with strange plates upon a shelf at home, over which she had often pored whole evenings, wondering whether it was true in every word, and where those distant countries with the curious names might be. As she looked back upon the place they had left, one part of it came strongly on her mind.
“‘Dear grandfather,’ she said, ‘only that this place is prettier and a great deal better than the real one, if that in the book is like it, I feel as if we were both Christians [the name of Bunyan’s Pilgrim] and laid down on the grass all the cares and troubles we brought with us; never to take them up again.’”
So that is the first stop: the pious, heavenly one. Now for Dickens’s take on such thinking.
“Again this quarter passed, they came upon a straggling neighbourhood, where the main houses parceled off in rooms, and windows patched with rags and paper, told of the populous poverty that sheltered there.” Life here is “squalid,” and “faded gentility” is making a “last feeble stand with shipwrecked means.” These are “the humble followers of the camp of wealth,” living on the outskirts of London. Another meaning for camp followers is prostitutes; these people seeking their fortune are selling themselves.
Dickens paints a detailed picture of the cost of such abasement.
“Damp rotten houses, many to let, many yet building, many half-built and mouldering away—lodgings where it would be hard to tell which needed pity most, those who let or those who came to take—-children, scantily fed and clothed spread over every street, and sprawling in the dust—scolding mothers stamping their slipshod feet with noisy threats upon the pavement—shabby fathers, hurrying with dispirited looks to the occupation which brought them ‘daily bread’ and little more—mangling-women, washerwomen, cobblers, tailors, chandlers, driving their trades in parlors and kitchens and back rooms and garretts, and sometimes all of them under the same roof—brick-fields skirting gardens paled with staves of old casks, or timber pillaged from houses burnt down and blackened and blistered by the flames—mounds of dock-weed, needles, coarse grass and oyster shells, heaped in rank confusion”
He caps this litany of misery with a sardonic dig at the organized religion: ‘—small Dissenting chapels to teach, with no lack of illustration, the miseries of Earth, and plenty of new churches, erected with a little superfluous wealth, to show the way to Heaven.”
The impulse behind the churches built “with a little superfluous wealth,” is cynical, since those doing the building are taking money from the poor to teach them what they already know, the miseries of life on Earth, and to promise them something just as cynically presented, the way to Heaven.
In these passages, Dickens has, as usual, taken his readers on a journey.
As he put it in the opening of the final chapter of The Old Curiosity Shop, after Nell has died and her grandfather has followed her, literally, into the grave,
“The magic reel, which, rolling on before, has led the chronicler thus far, now slackens in its pace, and stops, It lies before the goal; the pursuit is at an end.”
In his version of the pilgrimage Dickens starts his readers off with the celestial pieties of Bunyan, but diverts them from that path and leads them to the land of desperation and poverty, the human condition that he observed so closely and wrote about so well.
Dickens-to-Go is a weekly program of short videos designed to whet the viewers' appetite for "more" of their favorite author. You can join Dickens Project faculty, friends, and students as they share a favorite passage from Dickens and say a few words about why they selected it.
What are your favorite passages? We hope you will make a video too! Email Courtney Mahaney for video submission guidelines. | <urn:uuid:f6e17602-f3d9-463d-b230-4a85107dbc48> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://dickens.ucsc.edu/programs/dickens-to-go/pilgrims-progress.html | 2024-10-09T06:26:01Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.975011 | 1,852 | 2.734375 | 3 |
by Justin Bariso | Understanding the 3 types of empathy can help you build stronger, healthier relationships. The following article is an adapted excerpt from my new book, EQ Applied: The Real-World Guide to Emotional Intelligence.
We often hear about the need for more empathy in the world. No doubt you’ve witnessed this in one form or another: The manager who can’t relate to the struggles of his team, and vice versa. Husbands and wives who no longer understand each other. The parent who has forgotten what teenage life is like…and the teen who can’t see how much his parents care.
But if we yearn for others to consider our perspective and feelings, why do we often fail to do the same for them?
For one thing, it takes time & effort to understand how and why others feel the way they do. Frankly, we aren’t willing to invest those resources for too many people. And even when we’re motivated to show empathy, doing so isn’t easy.
But learn we must; otherwise, our relationships deteriorate. As one person remains fixated on the other’s failings, the result is a mental and emotional standoff where everyone sticks to their guns, no problems get solved, and situations appear irreconcilable. But taking the initiative to show empathy can break the cycle–because when a person feels understood, they are more likely to reciprocate the effort and try harder, too.
The result? A trusting relationship where both parties are motivated to give the other person the benefit of the doubt and forgive minor failings.
So, what is empathy exactly? And how can you develop yours?
What empathy is (and what it’s not)
Today, you’ll get different definitions for empathy, depending on who you ask. But most would agree to some variation of the following: Empathy is the ability to understand and share the thoughts or feelings of another.
To feel and display empathy, it’s not necessary to share the same experiences or circumstances as others. Rather, empathy is an attempt to better understand the other person by getting to know their perspective.
Psychologists Daniel Goleman and Paul Ekman break down the concept of empathy into the following three categories.
- Cognitive empathy is the ability to understand how a person feels and what they might be thinking. Cognitive empathy makes us better communicators, because it helps us relay information in a way that best reaches the other person.
- Emotional empathy (also known as affective empathy) is the ability to share the feelings of another person. Some have described it as “your pain in my heart.” This type of empathy helps you build emotional connections with others.
- Compassionate empathy (also known as empathic concern) goes beyond simply understanding others and sharing their feelings: it actually moves us to take action, to help however we can.
To illustrate how these three branches of empathy work together, imagine that a friend has recently lost a close family member. Your natural reaction may be sympathy, a feeling of pity, or sorrow. Sympathy may move you to express condolences or to send a card–and your friend may appreciate these actions.
But showing empathy takes more time and effort. It begins with cognitive empathy: imagining what the person is going through. Who did they lose? How close were they to this person? Besides feelings of pain and loss, how will their life now change?
Emotional empathy will help you not only understand your friend’s feelings, but share them somehow. You try to connect with something in yourself that knows the feeling of deep sorrow and emotional pain. You might remember how it felt when you lost someone close, or imagine how you would feel if you haven’t had that experience.
Finally, compassionate empathy moves you to take action. You might provide a meal, so your friend doesn’t need to worry about cooking. You could offer to help make necessary phone calls or do some chores around the house. Maybe you could go over to help keep them company; or, if they need to be alone, you could pick up the children and watch them for a while.
This is just one example of how empathy works, but every day will bring new opportunities to develop this trait. In fact, every interaction you share with another person is a chance to see things from a different perspective, to share their feelings, and to help.
Building cognitive empathy
Building cognitive empathy is about making educated guesses. We often misinterpret physical movements and facial expressions; a smile can mean joy or exuberance, but it can also signal sadness.
So, before you engage with another person, consider what you know about them, and be willing to learn more. But keep in mind that your interpretation of another person’s mood, behavior, or thinking will be influenced by your prior experience and unconscious bias. Your instincts may be wrong. Don’t be quick to assume or rush to judgment.
After you engage with others, take time to consider any feedback they provide (written, verbal, body language). Doing so will help you better understand not only others and their personalities, but also how they perceive your thoughts and communication style.
Building emotional empathy
To achieve emotional empathy requires going further. The goal is to actually share the feelings of the other person, leading to a deeper connection.
When a person tells you about a personal struggle, listen carefully. Resist the urge to judge the person or situation, to interrupt and share your personal experience, or to propose a solution. Instead, focus on understanding the how and why: how the person feels, and why they feel that way.
Next, it’s important to take time to reflect. Once you have a better understanding of how the person feels, you must find a way to relate.
Ask yourself:When have I felt similar to what this person has described?
Friend and colleague Dr. Hendrie Weisinger, bestselling author of Emotional Intelligence at Work, illustrates it perfectly:
“If a person says, ‘I screwed up a presentation,’ I don’t think of a time I screwed up a presentation–which I have [done] and thought, no big deal. Rather, I think of a time I did feel I screwed up, maybe on a test or something else important to me. It is the feeling of when you failed that you want to recall, not the event.”
Of course, you’ll never be able to imagine exactly how another person feels. But trying will get you a lot closer than you would be otherwise.
Once you find a way to connect with the other person’s feelings, and have a more complete picture of the situation, you’re ready to show compassionate empathy. In this step, you take action to help however you can.
Exercising compassionate empathy
Begin by asking the other person directly what you can do to help. If they are unable (or unwilling) to share, ask yourself: What helped me when I felt similarly? Or: What would have helped me?
It’s fine to share your experience or make suggestions, but avoid conveying the impression that you’ve seen it all or have all the answers. Instead, relate it as something that has helped you in the past. Present it as an option that can be adapted to their circumstances, instead of an all-inclusive solution.
Remember that what worked for you, or even others, may not work for this person. But don’t let that hold you back from helping. Simply do what you can.
Putting it into practice
The next time you struggle to see something from another person’s point of view, strive to remember the following:
- You don’t have the whole picture. At any given time, a person is dealing with many factors of which you’re unaware.
- The way you think and feel about a situation may be very different from one day to the next, influenced by various elements, including your current mood.
- Under emotional stress, you may behave very differently than you think you would.
Keeping these points in mind will affect how you view the other person and influence how you deal with them. And since each of us goes through our own struggle at one point or another, it’s only a matter of time before you’ll need that same level of understanding.
Justin Bariso is an author and a consultant who helps organizations think differently and communicate with impact. In 2016, LinkedIn named him the “Top Voice” in “Management and Culture.” His new book, EQ Applied, shares fascinating research, modern examples, and personal stories that illustrate how emotional intelligence works in the real world. Connect with | <urn:uuid:77f6884a-c3c9-4951-bf6b-1bf882737cd3> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://doxamagazine.org/2019/04/12/how-to-develop-the-3-types-of-empathy/ | 2024-10-09T06:24:26Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.952398 | 1,822 | 2.75 | 3 |
The hip joint is one of the common joints affected by arthritis. Because it is a major weight-bearing joint with an essential role in many activities, it can have a significant impact on your life. Arthritis is a slowly progressive disease that progresses over years to decades. When the cartilage is entirely lost, you may reach the stage of having “bone on bone”.
Many conditions lead to cartilage damage and osteoarthritis. However, most cases are idiopathic, which means that there is no specific cause. There is probably a genetic component to this idiopathic variety, and joints other than the hip are commonly involved (knee and hand). Another cause of hip arthritis, particularly in younger patients, is hip dysplasia. Fractures around the hip joint and femoroacetabular impingement can lead to cartilage damage. There is some evidence that long-term repetitive trauma can also impact on the hip. Diseases that cause inflammation of a joint such as Rheumatoid Arthritis can lead to cartilage damage. Arthritis is more common as we age, but it is not an inevitable consequence of ageing. Finally, there is evidence that obesity may have a primary role in the development of arthritis as well as placing an increased load through the joint.
The predominant symptom of arthritis is pain. The discomfort is usually felt in the groin and may radiate into the thigh. Often the pain from osteoarthritis is intermittent. Factors such as increased activity (e.g. going for a much longer walk than usual) or a minor injury may trigger an acute exacerbation.
Typically these flares tend to resolve with time and appropriate nonsurgical treatment. As the arthritis progresses, the pain tends to worsen both in intensity and duration. In the later stages of the disease, the pain can be disabling.
Arthritic pain tends to “mechanical,” i.e. it is worse physical activities such as walking or work. Discomfort also occurs with specific activities such as getting in and out of a car, putting on shoes and socks/stockings and sitting in low chairs. Rest usually helps settle the pain.
Other symptoms of hip arthritis include stiffness typically in the morning and after prolonged sitting. Range of movement is generally lost especially moving the leg and to the side and backwards. As motion is lost, the spine is strained, leading to back pain. | <urn:uuid:3296e9f0-45d7-4544-87ee-e511d7525309> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://drgraemebrown.com.au/hip/ | 2024-10-09T05:48:28Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.964139 | 492 | 3.328125 | 3 |
starting a community garden may seem like a daunting task, but with a little determination and collaboration, it can become a truly rewarding endeavor. From selecting a suitable location to rallying community members, there are a few key steps to consider when embarking on this green journey. This article will explore the various challenges that may arise, while also providing practical tips and guidance to help you kickstart your very own community garden. So, if you’ve ever wondered whether it’s difficult to begin this communal project, look no further – we’ve got you covered!
Benefits of Community Gardens
Improving access to fresh and healthy food
Starting a community garden can have a significant impact on improving access to fresh and healthy food. In many communities, particularly in urban areas, there may be limited access to affordable and nutritious produce. By creating a community garden, individuals and families can grow their own fruits and vegetables, ensuring a steady supply of healthy food options. Additionally, community gardens often provide surplus produce to local food banks or host farmers’ markets, further increasing access to fresh food for the larger community.
Promoting community engagement and social connections
Community gardens serve as a meeting point for individuals with a shared interest in gardening and sustainability. These spaces provide an opportunity for people from diverse backgrounds to come together, learn from each other, and build social connections. The act of working side by side in the garden creates a sense of camaraderie and fosters a strong sense of community. Social connections formed in community gardens can extend beyond the garden walls, leading to deeper relationships and a stronger, more connected neighborhood.
Enhancing environmental sustainability
Community gardens play a vital role in enhancing environmental sustainability by promoting green spaces, biodiversity, and resource conservation. By converting vacant lots or unused spaces into productive gardens, community members contribute to the beautification and restoration of their surroundings. Gardens also provide habitats for beneficial insects and wildlife, promoting biodiversity in urban areas. Moreover, community gardens often employ organic and sustainable gardening practices, minimizing the use of harmful chemicals and reducing the carbon footprint associated with food production.
Factors to Consider Before Starting a Community Garden
Identifying a suitable location
The first step in starting a community garden is identifying a suitable location. Look for vacant lots or underutilized spaces that have access to sunlight and water. Consider factors such as soil quality and drainage to ensure optimal growing conditions for the garden. It is also important to assess whether the location is convenient and accessible for community members who will be involved in the garden.
Securing land and getting permission
Once a suitable location is identified, it is crucial to secure the land and obtain permission from the relevant authorities. This may involve contacting local government officials or property owners to discuss the potential use of the space. In some cases, community gardens are established on public lands, while in others, private property owners may be willing to donate or lease the land for gardening purposes.
Gathering support from the community
Building support from the community is an essential aspect of starting a community garden. Engage with local residents, community organizations, and advocacy groups to share your vision for the garden. Host community meetings or information sessions to generate interest and gather input from potential gardeners. By involving the community from the beginning, you can ensure that the garden meets the needs and desires of the community it serves.
Forming a garden committee
Creating a garden committee is a crucial step in the planning process. This committee will oversee the establishment and maintenance of the community garden. It should consist of dedicated individuals who are passionate about gardening and community development. The committee’s responsibilities may include organizing meetings, managing finances, coordinating volunteer efforts, and liaising with relevant stakeholders. A strong, committed committee will help ensure the long-term success of the community garden.
Designing and Planning the Community Garden
Choosing appropriate garden beds and pathways
When designing a community garden, it is important to choose appropriate garden beds and pathways. Raised beds are often preferred as they provide better control over soil quality and drainage. Consider the needs of the gardeners, such as accessibility for individuals with limited mobility, when determining the height and width of the beds. Paths between the beds should be wide enough to accommodate wheelbarrows and allow for easy movement around the garden.
Deciding on the garden size and layout
The size and layout of the community garden will depend on the available space and the needs of the community. Consider factors such as the number of gardeners, the types of crops to be grown, and any additional features such as composting areas or tool storage. A well-designed layout will maximize productivity and ensure efficient use of the available space, making gardening more enjoyable for everyone involved.
Considering water source and irrigation systems
Access to water is crucial for the success of a community garden. Evaluate the availability of a water source, such as a nearby tap or well, and determine the most efficient way to distribute water throughout the garden. Depending on the size and layout of the garden, irrigation systems such as drip irrigation or soaker hoses may be necessary to ensure adequate watering without wasting water.
Creating a plan for waste management
Proper waste management is essential for maintaining a clean and healthy community garden. Develop a plan for composting garden waste, such as plant trimmings and food scraps, to produce nutrient-rich compost for the garden. Engage gardeners in proper waste disposal practices, including recycling and responsible disposal of non-compostable materials. Establish clear guidelines and provide education on waste management to ensure that the garden remains an eco-friendly and sustainable space.
Gathering Resources and Funding
Identifying potential funding sources and grants
Securing resources and funding is often one of the biggest challenges in starting a community garden. Identify potential funding sources such as grants, community foundations, or government programs that support community development and sustainability initiatives. Research local and national organizations that provide financial assistance to community garden projects and submit grant proposals that align with their funding priorities.
Soliciting donations from local businesses and organizations
Reach out to local businesses and organizations to solicit donations of materials, tools, or financial support. Many businesses are willing to support community initiatives, especially those focused on environmental sustainability and community development. Approach local nurseries or hardware stores, as they may be willing to donate plants, soil, fencing materials, or gardening tools.
Organizing community fundraisers
Organizing community fundraisers can help raise funds for the community garden and generate enthusiasm and support from the broader community. Consider hosting events such as plant sales, garden tours, or workshops that educate and engage community members in gardening and sustainability topics. Partner with local businesses or organizations to maximize participation and exposure, and use the funds raised to cover garden expenses.
Seeking partnerships and sponsorships
Explore partnerships and sponsorships with organizations that align with the goals and values of the community garden. Collaborate with community centers, schools, or local nonprofits to leverage their resources and expertise. Seek out corporate sponsorships from companies that support community initiatives or have an interest in sustainable food production. These partnerships can provide additional funding, volunteer support, and access to valuable resources.
Gardening Techniques and Education
Providing gardening workshops and training
One of the essential aspects of a community garden is providing gardening workshops and training opportunities for gardeners of all skill levels. Offer workshops on topics such as soil preparation, planting techniques, pest control, and harvesting. Invite local gardening experts or horticulturists to lead these workshops, ensuring that participants receive reliable and practical information to help them succeed in their gardening endeavors.
Providing resources for beginner gardeners
Many individuals may be interested in community gardening but lack the necessary knowledge or experience. Develop resources, such as gardening guides or online materials, specifically tailored for beginner gardeners. Provide information on plant selection, garden maintenance, and troubleshooting common gardening issues. By supporting and empowering novice gardeners, you increase their likelihood of success and engagement in the community garden.
Implementing organic and sustainable gardening practices
Community gardens have an opportunity to lead by example when it comes to sustainable gardening practices. Promote organic gardening techniques that minimize the use of chemicals and synthetic fertilizers, ensuring the production of fresh, healthy, and safe food. Encourage composting and other methods of soil improvement to enhance soil fertility and reduce waste. By implementing sustainable practices, the community garden becomes an environmentally friendly space that nurtures both plants and people.
Offering opportunities for skill development
Community gardens provide an ideal setting for individuals to develop new skills beyond gardening. Foster a sense of continuous learning by offering opportunities for gardeners to expand their knowledge and abilities. Organize workshops or community events on topics such as cooking with garden produce, preserving food, or urban beekeeping. By offering diverse educational opportunities, the community garden becomes a hub for lifelong learning and skill development.
Managing the Community Garden
Establishing garden rules and guidelines
To ensure smooth functioning and a positive community atmosphere, it is essential to establish clear and fair garden rules and guidelines. These rules may include guidelines on plot maintenance, proper waste management, appropriate use of common spaces, and any restrictions or requirements related to gardening practices. Clearly communicate these rules to all gardeners and regularly review them to address any evolving needs or issues within the community.
Creating a system for garden maintenance and upkeep
Maintaining the community garden is an ongoing task that requires the involvement and cooperation of all gardeners. Establish a system for routine maintenance tasks such as watering, weeding, and pest control. Encourage gardeners to take collective responsibility for the overall upkeep of the garden, including maintaining pathways, common areas, and tool sheds. Regular communication and coordination among gardeners will help ensure that the garden remains a vibrant and thriving space.
Organizing regular meetings and communication with gardeners
Effective communication is vital for the smooth operation of a community garden. Organize regular meetings with gardeners to discuss garden-related matters, share updates, and address any concerns or suggestions. Maintain open lines of communication through emails, newsletters, or social media groups to keep all gardeners informed and involved. Encouraging open dialogue and active participation will foster a sense of ownership and community pride in the garden.
Resolving conflicts and addressing issues
It is inevitable that conflicts or issues may arise among gardeners. Establish protocols for conflict resolution and provide a mechanism for addressing concerns in a fair and timely manner. Create a supportive and inclusive environment where conflicts can be discussed openly and respectfully. Encourage gardeners to work towards consensus and find mutually beneficial solutions, ensuring a harmonious and cooperative atmosphere within the community garden.
Promoting Community Engagement and Inclusion
Organizing community events and activities
To promote community engagement and inclusion, organize community events and activities in the garden. Arrange seasonal celebrations, such as harvest festivals or potluck gatherings, to bring gardeners and community members together. Host educational workshops, gardening demonstrations, or guest speakers to provide opportunities for learning and skill sharing. By creating a vibrant and welcoming space, you encourage community members of all ages and backgrounds to participate and interact with each other.
Encouraging diverse participation and accessibility
Community gardens should strive to be inclusive and accessible to individuals from all walks of life. Take steps to ensure that the garden is physically accessible for individuals with disabilities, such as providing raised beds or wheelchair-accessible pathways. Promote diversity and inclusion by actively reaching out to marginalized communities and welcoming their participation. Create a safe and welcoming environment where everyone feels valued and respected.
Collaborating with local schools and organizations
Collaboration with local schools and organizations is an effective way to promote community engagement and expand the impact of the community garden. Partner with nearby schools to involve students in gardening activities and incorporate gardening into the curriculum. Collaborate with local organizations that work with vulnerable populations, such as seniors or low-income families, to provide them with access to gardening resources and educational opportunities.
Creating opportunities for intergenerational connections
Community gardens offer an excellent platform for fostering intergenerational connections and learning. Encourage older gardeners to share their wisdom and experience with younger gardeners, creating mentorship opportunities. Organize intergenerational gardening projects or activities that bring different age groups together, fostering mutual understanding and appreciation. By celebrating the diversity of generations, the community garden becomes a hub of intergenerational exchange and connection.
Challenges and Solutions in Starting a Community Garden
Securing long-term funding and sustainability
One of the biggest challenges in starting a community garden is securing long-term funding and ensuring sustainability. Develop a comprehensive funding strategy that includes a mix of grants, sponsorships, donations, and community fundraising efforts. Explore opportunities for revenue generation, such as selling produce or offering gardening classes. Continuously assess and adapt the garden’s financial model to ensure its long-term viability and sustainability.
Dealing with limited resources and manpower
Limited resources and manpower can pose significant challenges in establishing and maintaining a community garden. Engage the community by seeking volunteer support from individuals, local organizations, or corporate groups. Recruit garden ambassadors who can take on leadership roles and mobilize resources. Foster partnerships with organizations that can provide technical assistance or volunteer expertise. By leveraging the collective efforts of the community, you can overcome resource constraints and ensure the success of the garden.
Navigating bureaucratic processes and regulations
Navigating bureaucratic processes and regulations can be a time-consuming and complex task when starting a community garden. Research and familiarize yourself with local zoning laws, permit requirements, and land use regulations. Engage with local government officials and seek their guidance and support throughout the process. Collaborate with experienced community gardeners or gardening associations who can provide insights and advice on dealing with bureaucratic challenges.
Addressing potential vandalism and theft
Community gardens, like any public space, may face the risk of vandalism or theft. Implement security measures such as installing fences, gates, or lockable tool sheds to deter unauthorized access. Engage neighbors and the larger community in monitoring and reporting any suspicious activities. Foster a sense of ownership and community pride, which can discourage acts of vandalism or theft. By creating a safe and secure environment, you ensure the longevity and sustainability of the community garden.
Success Stories from Established Community Gardens
Highlighting successful community garden initiatives
Success stories from established community gardens provide inspiration and motivation for aspiring community gardeners. Highlight stories of community gardens that have transformed vacant lots into thriving green spaces, enhancing the quality of life in their neighborhoods. Share success stories of gardens that have successfully engaged diverse communities and expanded access to fresh food. By showcasing these success stories, you demonstrate the positive impact that community gardens can have on individuals and communities.
Sharing lessons learned and best practices
Sharing lessons learned and best practices is essential for continuous improvement and growth within the community gardening community. Document and share experiences, challenges, and solutions from established community gardens. Provide resources, guides, or case studies that offer practical advice to overcome common obstacles. By sharing knowledge and expertise, you create a supportive network and empower new community garden initiatives to thrive.
Inspiring and motivating aspiring community gardeners
Motivating and inspiring aspiring community gardeners is key to encouraging their involvement. Feature stories of individuals who started their own community gardens and the personal journeys that led them to success. Highlight the positive impact that these gardens have had on their lives and the wider community. By sharing these stories, you instill a sense of hope and possibility, empowering others to embark on their own community gardening adventures.
Showcasing the positive impact on the community
Community gardens have a transformative impact on individuals and the community as a whole. Showcase the positive outcomes and benefits that community gardens have brought to their neighborhoods. Highlight improvements in mental and physical well-being, increased social connections, enhanced food security, and the beautification of public spaces. By showcasing the positive impact, you create a compelling case for the establishment and expansion of community gardens in other areas.
Starting a community garden may present some challenges, but the benefits it brings to individuals, communities, and the environment make it a worthwhile endeavor. By improving access to fresh and healthy food, promoting community engagement, and enhancing environmental sustainability, community gardens have the power to transform neighborhoods and improve the lives of those involved. With careful planning, resource gathering, and a commitment to inclusive and sustainable practices, community gardens can thrive and create a lasting impact that extends beyond the garden gates. So, roll up your sleeves, gather your community, and embark on a journey of growth, connection, and abundance through the establishment of a community garden. | <urn:uuid:d7e48be2-f005-403e-805f-c47e8e910e0e> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://ecogardenbuzz.com/is-it-hard-to-start-a-community-garden/ | 2024-10-09T07:41:37Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.925198 | 3,373 | 3.328125 | 3 |
Question:I have been browsing the internet searching for print outs that I could give to my cousin Erica so that she could study for her next ACT test. Unfortunately, I'm not having much luck. The only thing I could tell her is to use a public computer in the library, but you only get two hours at the most and I know that's not enough to study. How can I help her? If you know where I can get some print outs, please let me know.
go to the act website and order a free study guide. There should of been one in her act registration packet. GED study packets are also good to work from believe it or not.
I would also check out Number2.com
it's free online help for the ACT, SAT, you name it!
also...sparknotes has nice test prep materials available free online...and so does www.collegeboard.com
Good luck to your cousin Erica!
I'll tell you what's on each part of the test.
Science and Reasoning is maybe the easiest part for a lot of people because it's mostly interpreting. She might see two charts and need to tell what might have happened to cause changes in those.
Help her out on her English skills if she's having trouble. The English section is a bunch of "Pick the correct word: Mispell, Misspell" and "Where does the comma belong? I bought | ice cream | bagels, and milk."
The math contains a lot of questions from algebra, trigonometry, and geometry. Mostly go over geometry and algebra; the trigonometry is very basic.
The reading consists of reading an article or story and answering questions about it. "What do you think this character will do next?" "What is the main conflict?" and so on.
The writing will consist of a randomly given prompt. She will have 30 minutes to plan and write an essay. She will have extra work space to work things out in. You might want to find a list of prompts online and have her plan and write a well-structured essay in under 30 minutes.
Good luck to your cousin in the ACT!
More Related Questions & Answers... | <urn:uuid:acb56185-3697-40d1-a426-65b9ec69dacb> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://educationask.com/standards-testing/2812-Standards-Testing.html | 2024-10-09T06:00:48Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.97079 | 452 | 2.65625 | 3 |
It is imperative that parents and students attend education fairs. Attendees can ask specific questions and gain knowledge on a range of topics, including university programs, language classes, housing alternatives, scholarships, and more, by speaking with university representatives face-to-face at these events.The best approach for students to get the most out of an education fair is to do extensive research on the courses they are interested in, the colleges that offer them, and as much information as you can about them. You can find out important information from university representatives such as job options on campus, security protocols for Indian students, and other amenities. Making an informed choice and differentiating amongst institutions will be simpler if you are more knowledgeable about them.
The following advice can help you get ready for an education fair:
Make Your Own Research:
A list of participating universities is usually provided by the event organizers. Spend some time looking through the websites of the colleges that interest you. This will assist you in reducing the number of universities that offer programs that match your interests, even though it can take some work. You can always speak with a university representative at the fair if you have any questions throughout this process; they can suggest the best programs for you depending on your eligibility and interests.
Recognize Your Scores:
Questions concerning your qualifications are frequently raised while talking about the university possibilities, the admissions procedure, and course eligibility. It is imperative that you have your English language test results and other competitive exam results available in case you have any specific questions for the university representative. In this manner, you might get responses that are specific to your situation.
Make a List of Questions:
Prior to the fair, make a thorough list of the inquiries you would like to make of the university representatives. You only have so much time at the fair, so making a well-organized list can help you get as much information as you can. You can go deeper into subjects that go beyond the typical FAQs by planning ahead. To make sure you cover all the essential topics, think about classifying your questions into sections like academic prerequisites and program structure.
Ask questions about a variety of topics, including the application process, financial aid possibilities, and tuition costs, when you attend the fair. Inquire about employment prospects beyond graduation as well, such as the market’s need for graduates in your field of choice, possible income ranges, and the accessibility of insurance and healthcare. You may want to ask specific questions about the course you want to take, the support services offered by the university, and other pertinent information that will help you make a decision.
Give Your Parents and Friends Access to Your List
Give your parents a copy of your list of questions before you go to the fair. They could have more inquiries they would like to submit to the university representatives. A friend or family member with knowledge of education fairs or studying overseas could also be a great resource for you to discover important questions to ask at the fair.
Communicating with University Delegates
During your interactions with university representatives, try to get as much information as you can from them. They can respond to inquiries that may not have a complete online response. Prioritize your most critical questions so that you can make sure you get the information you need, as reps will be speaking with a lot of students.
Take Your Time to Evaluate
It’s important to take your time and carefully evaluate the pros and cons of your chosen course, finances, and safety before making a decision about a university. The choice of what to study and where to live should not be rushed, as this will be your home for the next 2-3 years. With so many universities participating in the fair, the amount of information presented can be overwhelming, making it crucial to process it thoughtfully.While many universities may offer attractive spot application fee waivers, don’t feel pressured to make an immediate decision. Envision Overseas organizes virtual education fairs that provide free counselling services. Our expert counselors can help clarify any confusion you may have about selecting a university. We assist students by suggesting programs and institutions that align with their interests. Additionally, students have the opportunity to interact virtually with university representatives to ask questions and enhance their understanding.Ultimately, a fair can be a successful experience if you are well-prepared. By asking the right questions and gathering accurate information, you will be able to make informed decisions that are best suited for your career path.
Parents and students can learn comprehensive information about different colleges, programs, and study possibilities by attending education fairs. You may make the most of your time at the fair by planning ahead and making sure you have all the information you need to make wise decisions. Important parts in this process include researching universities, finding out your results, creating a detailed list of questions, and getting advice from family and friends. Don’t feel pressured to make judgments right away; instead, take your time and thoroughly consider all the information you are given. Education fairs can be a significant step toward reaching your academic and professional goals if you approach them thoughtfully and with the appropriate preparation. | <urn:uuid:c25c7fee-a5d0-43b2-8084-13c389334d27> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://eduquest-global.com/how-to-prepare-for-an-education-fair/ | 2024-10-09T06:46:33Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.959024 | 1,042 | 2.78125 | 3 |
Greek Tragedy And The Morality Of Greek Culture Essay
Greek tragedy stands as a timeless testament to the complexities of human nature and the inexorable forces that shape our destinies. Rooted in ancient Greek culture, these dramatic narratives often explore profound moral themes that continue to resonate with audiences today. Central to the essence of Greek tragedy is the concept of hubris, a tragic flaw inherent in characters who overstep their bounds and defy the will of the gods. Through the portrayal of characters such as Oedipus, Antigone, and Medea, Greek tragedy offers profound insights into the moral fabric of ancient Greek society and its enduring relevance to contemporary ethical dilemmas.
At the heart of Greek tragedy lies the notion of hubris, a form of excessive pride or arrogance that leads characters to defy divine or societal order. This hubris often serves as the catalyst for their downfall, as they incur the wrath of the gods and face catastrophic consequences for their actions. In Sophocles' play "Oedipus Rex," the titular character's relentless pursuit of truth and self-discovery ultimately leads to his tragic revelation of fulfilling the prophecy of killing his father and marrying his mother. Oedipus's hubris blinds him to the warnings of the gods and the wisdom of those around him, highlighting the destructive power of unchecked pride.
Moreover, Greek tragedy delves into the intricate interplay between fate and free will, raising fundamental questions about the nature of morality and human agency. While characters in these narratives often find themselves bound by the dictates of fate, their choices and actions still carry moral weight. In "Antigone" by Sophocles, the eponymous heroine defies King Creon's decree and buries her brother Polynices, despite knowing the grave consequences of her defiance. Antigone's unwavering commitment to familial duty and divine law underscores the enduring importance of moral integrity in the face of oppressive authority.
Furthermore, Greek tragedy serves as a mirror reflecting the moral ambiguities and contradictions inherent in ancient Greek society. The characters in these plays grapple with profound ethical dilemmas, navigating the murky waters of loyalty, justice, and vengeance. In Euripides' "Medea," the titular character's vengeful rampage against her unfaithful husband, Jason, raises troubling questions about the nature of justice and the limits of retribution. Medea's actions challenge conventional notions of morality, blurring the lines between righteous anger and abhorrent cruelty.
In conclusion, Greek tragedy stands as a timeless testament to the moral complexities of the human experience, offering profound insights into the ethical dilemmas that continue to confront societies across time and space. Through the portrayal of characters grappling with hubris, fate, and moral ambiguity, these ancient narratives compel audiences to confront the enduring relevance of moral principles in navigating the complexities of human existence. As we contemplate the tragedies of the past, we are reminded of the enduring power of moral introspection and the eternal struggle to discern right from wrong in an ever-changing world....
How Does Euripides Use Aristotle's Definition Of Tragedy
How Does Euripides Use Aristotle's Definition Of Tragedy in "Medea"
Tragedy, as defined by Aristotle, is a form of drama that evokes emotions of pity and fear in its audience, leading to a catharsis of those emotions. Euripides' "Medea" exemplifies Aristotle's concept of tragedy through its portrayal of a powerful and complex protagonist who experiences a tragic downfall due to her own actions and the circumstances surrounding her.
In "Medea," Euripides presents the character of Medea, a woman of immense passion and intellect who is betrayed by her husband, Jason. Medea's intense emotions drive her to commit unspeakable acts of revenge, including the murder of her own children. This portrayal of a character with both admirable qualities and tragic flaws aligns with Aristotle's idea of the tragic hero, who is neither purely good nor purely evil but rather a mix of both.
Furthermore, Euripides employs the element of reversal of fortune in "Medea" to heighten the tragic effect. At the beginning of the play, Medea is a respected figure, having helped Jason secure the Golden Fleece and bearing his children. However, as the plot unfolds, her fortunes take a drastic turn for the worse as she is abandoned by Jason for another woman. This reversal of her once-privileged position contributes to the audience's feelings of pity and fear as they witness her descent into madness and despair.
Additionally, the concept of hamartia, or tragic flaw, is evident in Medea's character. Her overwhelming passion and desire for revenge blind her to the consequences of her actions, ultimately leading to the destruction of everything she holds dear. This fatal flaw, combined with the external forces working against her, creates a sense of inevitability in her tragic fate, in line with Aristotle's assertion that tragedy should be both probable and inevitable.
In conclusion, Euripides masterfully incorporates Aristotle's definition of tragedy into "Medea" through its portrayal of a complex protagonist, reversal of fortune, and tragic flaw. Through the character of Medea, audiences are confronted with the timeless themes of betrayal, revenge, and the destructive power of unchecked emotions, leaving a lasting impact that resonates long after the curtain falls....
Euripides And The Classic Greek Culture
Euripides, a prominent figure in ancient Greek literature, played a significant role in shaping and reflecting the values and ideals of classical Greek culture through his tragedies. Born in Athens around 480 BCE, Euripides emerged as one of the three great tragedians of his time, alongside Aeschylus and Sophocles. His works, characterized by their exploration of human psychology, moral ambiguity, and societal norms, provide invaluable insights into the complexities of Greek society during the 5th century BCE.
One of the most striking features of Euripides' plays is his portrayal of women. Unlike his contemporaries, who often depicted women as either virtuous heroines or villainous temptresses, Euripides presented them as multifaceted individuals with their own desires, fears, and ambitions. In plays such as "Medea" and "The Trojan Women," he challenges traditional gender roles and explores the consequences of female agency in a male-dominated society. Through his characters, Euripides delves into themes of betrayal, revenge, and the destructive power of unchecked emotions, offering audiences a nuanced perspective on the complexities of human nature.
Moreover, Euripides' engagement with political and social issues reflects the turbulent times in which he lived. The Peloponnesian War, which ravaged Greece for much of his life, had a profound impact on his work, prompting him to question the morality of war and the righteousness of Athenian imperialism. In "The Bacchae," Euripides critiques the dangers of religious fanaticism and the consequences of ignoring divine warnings, drawing parallels to contemporary debates surrounding religious and political extremism. By addressing such timely issues, Euripides not only entertained his audiences but also challenged them to reflect on the moral and ethical dilemmas of their time.
Furthermore, Euripides' skepticism towards traditional religious beliefs and his portrayal of gods as capricious and vindictive beings mark a departure from the religious orthodoxy of classical Greece. In plays like "Hippolytus" and "Ion," he questions the notion of divine justice and the arbitrary nature of fate, inviting audiences to contemplate the role of free will in a world governed by unpredictable forces. This critical attitude towards religion and fate reflects the intellectual ferment of the 5th century BCE, as Greek thinkers began to question long-held beliefs and seek rational explanations for natural phenomena.
In conclusion, Euripides' contributions to classical Greek culture extend far beyond the realm of literature. Through his thought-provoking tragedies, he challenged the conventions of his time, offering audiences a rich tapestry of human experience that continues to resonate with audiences today. By exploring themes of gender, politics, and religion, Euripides not only captured the essence of classical Greek culture but also pushed the boundaries of artistic expression, leaving behind a legacy that endures through the ages....
The Nature Of Greek Tragedy
Greek tragedy is a form of theatre from Ancient Greece and is characterized by its serious and often tragic themes. It has had a profound impact on the development of Western drama and literature. The nature of Greek tragedy is multifaceted, encompassing themes, structure, and cultural significance.
One of the defining features of Greek tragedy is its exploration of universal themes such as fate, divine will, and the nature of humanity. These plays often grapple with the concept of hubris, or excessive pride, and its consequences. The protagonists in Greek tragedies are often brought down by their own flaws and make fatal errors in judgment. These themes serve to remind the audience of the limitations of human existence and the consequences of defying the natural order.
Furthermore, Greek tragedy is characterized by its structure, which typically consists of a prologue, parodos, episodes, stasimon, and exodus. The prologue sets the scene and introduces the main characters and conflict. The parodos is the entrance of the chorus, a group of actors who provide commentary and reflection throughout the play. The episodes and stasimon then unfold the plot and explore the themes, often alternating between dialogue and choral odes. Finally, the exodus is the conclusion of the play, resolving the conflict and often resulting in a tragic outcome for the characters involved.
The cultural significance of Greek tragedy cannot be overstated. These plays were not only a form of entertainment but also served as a means of educating and stimulating the audience. They were performed in the context of religious festivals and were an integral part of civic life in Ancient Greece. The themes explored in Greek tragedy continue to resonate with audiences today, as they speak to the timeless aspects of the human condition and the complex interplay between fate and free will.
In conclusion, the nature of Greek tragedy is characterized by its exploration of universal themes, its distinctive structure, and its enduring cultural significance. These plays continue to captivate audiences and provoke thought, serving as a testament to the enduring power of Ancient Greek drama.
This essay will give you a deep insight into the nature of Greek tragedy, covering its themes, structure, and cultural impact. It's a timeless art form that continues to resonate with audiences and provoke deep reflection on the human condition....
Sophocles: The Ancient Greek Playwright
Sophocles, one of the most eminent playwrights of ancient Greece, left an indelible mark on the world of literature and drama. Born around 496 BCE in Colonus, a suburb of Athens, Sophocles lived during a transformative period in Greek history, witnessing the flourishing of democracy, philosophy, and artistic expression. His contributions to drama, particularly in the development of tragic theater, remain unparalleled and continue to inspire generations of playwrights and audiences alike.
Central to Sophocles' legacy are his enduring tragedies, which explore profound themes of fate, morality, and the human condition. Among his most renowned works is "Oedipus Rex," a masterpiece that delves into the complexities of destiny and free will. In this play, Sophocles weaves a tragic narrative around Oedipus, a man destined to fulfill a prophecy of patricide and incest despite his earnest attempts to defy his fate. Through Oedipus' journey, Sophocles invites audiences to contemplate the limitations of human agency in the face of inexorable forces.
Furthermore, Sophocles' theatrical innovations revolutionized ancient Greek drama, shaping its structure and conventions for centuries to come. Unlike his predecessors, he introduced the concept of the third actor, enabling more dynamic interactions and complex character development on stage. Additionally, Sophocles elevated the role of the chorus, integrating it seamlessly into the plot to provide commentary, reflection, and emotional resonance. These innovations not only enhanced the theatrical experience but also deepened the thematic richness of his plays.
Moreover, Sophocles' enduring relevance transcends the confines of his historical context, resonating with contemporary audiences across cultures and epochs. His exploration of universal themes such as hubris, justice, and the search for meaning speaks to the timeless aspects of the human experience. Whether grappling with ethical dilemmas or confronting the consequences of our actions, Sophocles' works continue to provoke introspection and dialogue, underscoring the enduring power of art to illuminate the human condition.
In conclusion, Sophocles stands as a titan of ancient Greek literature, whose profound insights and innovative contributions continue to shape the landscape of drama and storytelling. Through his timeless tragedies and theatrical innovations, he invites us to confront the complexities of existence with empathy, insight, and a profound appreciation for the enduring power of storytelling. Sophocles' legacy endures as a testament to the enduring relevance and transformative potential of the dramatic arts....
William Shakespeare 's Oedipus, A Play Written By Sophocles
William Shakespeare's Oedipus: A Play Written
William Shakespeare's Oedipus is a tragic play that explores the themes of fate, free will, and the consequences of one's actions. The play follows the story of Oedipus, a nobleman who unknowingly fulfills a prophecy that he will kill his father and marry his mother. As the play unfolds, Oedipus discovers the truth about his past and is forced to confront the devastating consequences of his actions.
The play begins with Oedipus, the king of Thebes, seeking to solve the mystery of the plague that has befallen his city. He consults the blind prophet Tiresias, who reveals that the plague is a punishment for the murder of the previous king, Laius. Oedipus vows to find the killer and bring him to justice, unaware that he is the one responsible for the crime.
As Oedipus investigates further, he uncovers a series of clues that point to his own guilt. He learns that he was adopted as a child and that his real parents are King Laius and Queen Jocasta. He also discovers that he unknowingly killed Laius on his journey to Thebes and married Jocasta, his own mother. Horrified by the truth, Oedipus blinds himself and exiles himself from Thebes, leaving his children and the city he once ruled.
The play raises important questions about the nature of fate and free will. Oedipus is portrayed as a tragic hero who is destined to fulfill a prophecy, regardless of his own actions. Despite his best efforts to avoid his fate, Oedipus ultimately brings about his own downfall. This raises the question of whether individuals have control over their own destinies or if they are merely pawns in a larger cosmic plan.
In addition to exploring the themes of fate and free will, Oedipus also delves into the consequences of one's actions. Oedipus's tragic flaw is his pride and arrogance, which lead him to believe that he can outsmart the gods and avoid his fate. However, his actions ultimately lead to the destruction of his family and his own downfall. The play serves as a cautionary tale about the dangers of hubris and the importance of humility.
Overall, William Shakespeare's Oedipus is a powerful play that explores timeless themes of fate, free will, and the consequences of one's actions. Through the tragic story of Oedipus, Shakespeare raises important questions about the nature of human existence and the role of destiny in our lives. The play serves as a reminder that even the most powerful individuals are subject to the forces of fate and that our actions have far-reaching consequences.
Sophocles Aeschylus And Euripides
Sophocles, Aeschylus, and Euripides are three of the most renowned playwrights of ancient Greece. Their works have stood the test of time and continue to be studied and performed to this day. Each of these playwrights made significant contributions to the development of Greek tragedy, and their works are still considered some of the greatest achievements in the history of Western literature.
Sophocles, known for his plays such as "Oedipus Rex" and "Antigone," is often credited with introducing a third actor on stage, which allowed for more complex interactions between characters. His plays are characterized by their exploration of moral and ethical dilemmas, as well as the consequences of human actions. Sophocles' use of dramatic irony and his skillful character development have made his works enduring classics.
Aeschylus, often called the "Father of Tragedy," is best known for his trilogy of plays known as the Oresteia. These plays, which include "Agamemnon," "The Libation Bearers," and "The Eumenides," explore themes of justice, revenge, and the nature of the gods. Aeschylus' use of poetic language and his innovative approach to storytelling set the stage for the development of Greek tragedy as a literary form.
Euripides, the youngest of the three playwrights, is known for his bold and controversial works that challenged the conventions of Greek tragedy. His plays, such as "Medea" and "The Bacchae," often feature strong female characters and explore themes of passion, revenge, and the destructive power of love. Euripides' plays are characterized by their psychological depth and their willingness to confront difficult and uncomfortable truths about human nature.
In conclusion, Sophocles, Aeschylus, and Euripides are three of the most important figures in the history of Greek tragedy. Their works continue to be studied and performed because of their timeless themes, complex characters, and innovative storytelling techniques. These playwrights have left a lasting legacy that has influenced generations of writers and artists, and their works remain as powerful and relevant today as they were in ancient Greece....
In what ways is A view from the bridge like a Greek tragedy?
In what ways is A View from the Bridge a timeless classic?
Arthur Miller's play, A View from the Bridge, has stood the test of time as a timeless classic due to its universal themes, compelling characters, and powerful storytelling. One of the key reasons for its enduring popularity is the play's exploration of complex human emotions and relationships. The central theme of the play revolves around the destructive power of jealousy and obsession, which is a universal and timeless theme that resonates with audiences across different time periods and cultures. The character of Eddie Carbone, in particular, embodies these themes as his jealousy towards his niece Catherine's relationship with Rodolpho ultimately leads to his tragic downfall.
Furthermore, A View from the Bridge is a timeless classic because of its exploration of the immigrant experience and the American Dream. The play is set in the 1950s in a close-knit Italian-American community in Brooklyn, where the characters grapple with issues of identity, belonging, and the pursuit of a better life. The character of Marco, who comes to America in search of work to support his family back in Italy, represents the struggles and sacrifices that many immigrants face in pursuit of the American Dream. This theme of immigration and the pursuit of a better life is still relevant today, making the play resonate with contemporary audiences.
Moreover, A View from the Bridge is a timeless classic because of its powerful and engaging storytelling. The play is structured as a Greek tragedy, with a sense of inevitability and foreboding that builds tension and suspense throughout. Miller's use of dramatic irony, where the audience knows more than the characters on stage, adds to the play's emotional impact and creates a sense of impending doom. The play's climactic ending, where Eddie's actions have devastating consequences for himself and those around him, leaves a lasting impression on audiences and reinforces its status as a timeless classic.
In conclusion, A View from the Bridge is a timeless classic that continues to captivate audiences with its universal themes, compelling characters, and powerful storytelling. The play's exploration of jealousy, the immigrant experience, and the American Dream resonates with audiences across different time periods and cultures, making it a relevant and enduring piece of literature. Arthur Miller's masterful depiction of human emotions and relationships, combined with the play's dramatic structure and climactic ending, ensures that A View from the Bridge will continue to be celebrated and studied for generations to come.... | <urn:uuid:cd5d6981-7c03-449a-a0ef-abd4688d2727> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://essaygpt.hix.ai/essay/greek-tragedy-written-by-euripides-and-sophocles-45074c | 2024-10-09T06:45:16Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.960253 | 4,216 | 3.671875 | 4 |
On Wollstonecraft’s A Vindication of the Rights of Women
Published 06 Jul 2017
In A Vindication of the Rights of Women, Wollstonecraft notes the “deplorable state” of women resulting from the imposition of an “artificial character” upon her. Such an imposition may be seen as resulting from the classical and Enlightenment view that women’s reason stands in direct conflict to her emotions. The rationale behind this lies in the association of the emotive to women and the rationale to men. In the aforementioned work, Wollstonecraft provides a rebuttal to assumption above. In lieu of this, what follows is a presentation of Wollstonecraft’s argument as presented in text above.
Wollstonecraft’s argument appeals to both the dominant and subversive ideology. Her initial argument states that educated women will be better wives and mothers. The other argument, on the other hand states that there is an inherent value in enabling women to develop both their virtue and reason. It is important to note that the first argument is similar to the ones held by both Kant and Rousseau. Both philosophers recognize the equality of both men and women. However, specific traits and qualities were attributed to each sex wherein men were seen as the proponents of reason whereas women were perceived as the proponents of emotions. In this case, women are thereby perceived as complementary while at the same time being supplementary to men.
As opposed to the subversive argument mentioned above, the more radical version of Wollstonecraft’s argument states that equality may be achieved by both sexes if women were given the opportunity to develop both her virtue and her reason. Wollstonecraft notes:
(Not) only virtue, but the knowledge of the two sexes should be the same in nature, if not in degree, and that women, considered not only as moral, but rational creatures, ought to endeavor to acquire human virtues…by the same means as men, instead of being educated like a fanciful half being… (41)
In relation to this, Wollstonecraft further noted that the conception of the female as a subversive figure towards the male is only a result of social and political condition that failed to provide women with the same opportunities given to males which will enable them to develop both their reason and virtue.
Wollstonecraft, Mary. A Vindication of the Rights of Woman with Strictures on Political and Moral Subjects. New York: A.J. Massel, 1833. | <urn:uuid:f8f25bbe-2e68-4ce9-876a-641c636f5e13> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://essaylab.com/blog/on_wollstonecrafts_a_vindication_of_the_rights_of_women | 2024-10-09T06:20:21Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.955409 | 517 | 3.109375 | 3 |
Often, the State feigns repentance for its past crimes, from the genocide of Native Americans and slavery to even some of the CIA’s corporate coups. Small paragraphs — and sometimes even chapters — discuss these atrocities in public school textbooks, if only because they are so widely-known that institutions can no longer ignore them — lest the government’s illustrious stated goals of educating the citizenry be questioned. Still, many of the State’s most sinister secrets remained buried.
On New Year’s Day, 1927, hospitals in New York were flooded with people dying from poisoned alcohol — alcohol made toxic courtesy of the very same government that had made the substance illegal in the name of keeping the public safe. One hundred years later, this abhorrent historical anecdote is so obscure it reads like a paranoid, unsourced conspiracy theory in a dubious internet forum.
Regardless, 41 people did die that New Year’s Day, and estimates suggest that anywhere from 10,000 to 50,000 people were killed by government-poisoned alcohol in the 1920s — and the deaths were a direct result of policies the government imposed.
The 18th amendment, which banned the sale and production of alcohol, was ratified in 1919, spurred by the temperance movement and Americans’ weariness following World War I. The Volstead Act was passed shortly after as an “enforcement” act to ensure Congress could actually implement the amendment. The bill included provisions to poison alcohol so as to discourage people from drinking.
Denatured alcohol is generally a normal, drinkable alcohol with chemicals like quinine and methyl alcohol added to make it industrial — and therefore undrinkable. As far back as 1906, the Treasury Department (charged with overseeing alcohol enforcement) had already required manufacturers who wanted to avoid taxes levied on potable spirits to denature their alcohol. But by late 1919, the Volstead Act had created tangible incentive for manufacturers to produce poison liquor.
As Edward Behr documented in his book, Prohibition: 13 Years that Changed America, “Under Volstead Act provisions, the manufacture of denatured alcohol was not only legal, but tax exempt. The denaturing substance was usually methanol, and methanol was extremely poisonous. Three glasses could be lethal, explaining the steady rise in the death toll from 1920 onward.” The Volstead Act intentionally failed to include a provision that required a label warning of the poison.
It quickly became apparent that simply banning a substance could not impede its consumption (this should sound familiar, considering the decades-long failed Drug War). Though rates of alcohol consumption initially dropped, by the mid-1920s they had increased sharply, so the government stepped in to further “discourage” people from drinking. The strategy? Add more toxic chemicals.
As Deborah Blum, professor of science journalism at the University of Wisconsin noted, by mid-1927 “[t]he Treasury Department also demanded more methyl alcohol be added—up to 10 percent of total product. It was the last that proved most deadly.”
This spike in deaths happened particularly because much of the denatured alcohol used by industrialists eventually made its way to bootleggers, a majority of whom did not fully “renature” the alcohol. In fact, in 1926, prominent prohibitionist and Deputy Attorney General Mabel Walker Wildebrandt noted that 660,000 gallons of denatured alcohol existed, with a significant portion ending up in the hands of bootleggers (other more recent estimates claim “some 60 million gallons of industrial alcohol were stolen annually to supply the country’s drinkers,” though the author who noted this statistic did not return an email from The Anti-Media seeking clarification). A 1927 study of confiscated liquor in New York City found that 98% contained some sort of poison.
In other words, the government was well aware that the poisoned alcohol was reaching the citizens they were trying to “protect.” But because they were so eager to reduce drinking — and saw that the 18th amendment and Volstead Act were failing to achieve that noble goal — they continued to increase the levels of poison added, creating an even larger spike in deaths.
The epidemic was so bad — and the government so deeply implicated — that New York City Chief Medical Examiner Charles Norris said, “The government knows it is not stopping drinking by putting poison in alcohol…Yet it continues its poisoning processes, heedless of the fact that people determined to drink are daily absorbing that poison. Knowing this to be true, the United States government must be charged with the moral responsibility for the deaths that poisoned liquor causes, although it cannot be held legally responsible.”
At the time, there was no doubt that the government was responsible for the thousands of deaths. Though there are no national estimates on the death toll, Behr documented that “…it is probable that by 1927 such deaths may have exceeded the 50,000 mark – to say nothing of hundreds of thousands more nonfatal cases resulting in blindness or paralysis.” By 1930, as many as 15,000 people from one small Kansas county had been victimized by the tainted alcohol.
At the time, one Columbia University doctor went so far as to call the government’s practices in spurring the production of denatured alcohol “legalized murder.” The Chicago Tribune observed that “Normally, no American government would engage in such business. … It is only in the curious fanaticism of Prohibition that any means, however barbarous, are considered justified.”
Unsurprisingly, the pushers of Prohibition were both unapologetic and hypocritical. Wayne Wheeler, leader of the Anti-Saloon League (ASL) and a prominent attorney and political power broker, shirked any responsibility for the deaths. This was particularly contradictory considering he had previously boasted about his role in the crafting and passage of the Volstead Act. Although he denied any liability, “It was a fact that the ASL had originally sanctioned the use of methanol when Volstead Act provisions were being drawn up, and had lobbied against any mandatory ‘poison’ labels on denatured alcohol. Wheeler had boasted of the ASL’s key role in drafting the act so loudly, and so frequently, that he lacked all credibility now that he denied responsibility for some of its provisions.”
Though Wheeler initially claimed only one person had died because of denatured alcohol since 1920, he was swiftly ridiculed by experts. Hastily, he argued “…the government is under no obligation to furnish people with alcohol that is drinkable when the Constitution prohibits it. The person who drinks this industrial alcohol is a deliberate suicide.” Clearly failing to appreciate or empathize with the nature of addiction, Wheeler refused to accept the responsibility he had once clamored to claim.
Additionally, the very same politicians that codified the Volstead Act were widely known to be raging alcoholics — though they enjoyed “safe” alcohol. “It was common knowledge that ‘Senators and Congressmen appeared on the floor in a drunken condition,’ and ‘bootleggers infested the halls and corridors of Congress and ply their trade there,’ and that no attempts had ever been made to expel them,” Behr noted. Politicians enjoyed private supplies of high quality liquor on the premises, where bootleggers kept supplies stocked. The corruption went as high as the Attorney General (and even the president), who arranged to exonerate prominent bootleggers who had been caught and found in clear violation of Prohibition statutes.
The case of the poisoned alcohol is not an isolated incident. The United States government has a history of abusing individuals “for their own good.” In addition to infecting black Americans with syphilis in the 1930s (allegedly to help study treatment options), the government conducted a similar program in Guatemala that sickened hundreds of innocent people. It facilitated tests on 60,000 minority soldiers, exposing them to mustard gas in the hopes that blacks and Latinos possessed super-human immunity that would allow them to rush into battle ahead of the whites. Many of these egregious acts have only come to light in recent years, breeding suspicions about what other crimes have transpired that are yet to reach the public. What these actions have in common is the government’s historical pattern of killing or maiming people to save them.
Regardless of the State’s intentions for poisoning alcohol — no matter how disingenuous or well-intentioned they may have been — it remains that even if lawmakers and prohibitionists did have the people’s best interests at heart, they failed miserably in accomplishing their goals. Worse, that same government remains unchecked today, creating more questions than answers about what heinous crimes are currently transpiring that the citizenry may only learn about a century from now — if ever. | <urn:uuid:5bdac437-3cf8-4f08-bd97-5f63f9f66380> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://evilexposed.org/story.aspx?id=204&about=US-Government | 2024-10-09T05:57:55Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.976071 | 1,832 | 3.609375 | 4 |
How to add comments in the margin with Word, i.e. a visible remark in the margin? This Word tip applies to versions 2007, 2010, 2013 and also to more recent Word versions. Like Word 2016 or Office 365. To highlight certain passages and insert visible comments in the margin of a document it can be time consuming and tedious to find the options. Follow the guide to insert word comments.
Table of Contents
1. How and why add comments in the margin with Word?
It is common practice in companies to allow colleagues to add very specific comments on a part of the document shared within a team. Especially when reviewing a document. This is possible with Word which is part of the Office 365 suite. To make comments on an Office document, you can add a comment in the margin with Word via these two possible options:
2. Insert marginal comments in Word via the insert and comments menu
From the “Insert” menu, then “Comments”, you can insert your comment!
3. Use a shortcut to add Word comments in the margin
To insert the comment even faster with the keyboard shortcut.
Shortcut to add a comment: CTRL + ALT + M
Here are some interesting tips on the Office suite, such as how to create and customise a table of contents with Word. Another useful tip to delete what many consider to be a horizontal line in Word. In reality, it is not a horizontal line at all but a border! To take it a step further, with Excel this time, here is how to pivot lines to columns with Excel :
4. Hide Word comments when printing documents
Here are the steps to follow to hide Word comments when printing a document. This trick allows you to simply hide a Word comments after an insert.
- When printing, click on File, then Print.
- In the Settings section, click on the arrow.
- Simply uncheck the Print Markup option.
5. How to delete a Word comment ?
To completely delete a Word comment in a document, navigate to the comments section:
- Go to Insert then Comments.
- Select the comment in question and delete the comment text.
- Then close the comment section and open it again. The Word comment is deleted.
Office tips and keyboard shortcuts may seem irrelevant. However, in a full-time working week, how much time do you spend looking up the options in the different software you use? Finally this article on Excel, explains how to create a pivot table from an Excel table step by step.
Do you like this tip for inserting a Word comment in the margin of a document?
Share it on your social networks. | <urn:uuid:aff026ad-30e7-4814-9a3f-b81c2c41802f> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://expert-only.com/en/word/add-comments-in-word-margin/ | 2024-10-09T07:05:06Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.878209 | 549 | 2.625 | 3 |
Paul Ekman and Deceit - How to Detect It
There’s a world of emotions out there. They’re all so intriguing that many scientists have been studying them from their many perspectives. The field of psychology is no exception. For example, Paul Ekman and deceit go hand in hand because he wrote a lot on the subject.
In this article, you’ll discover how to detect deception according to Paul Ekman. But firstly, as a starting point, you’ll learn a little bit about this unique man.
Paul Ekman and deceit
Paul Ekman is one of the most important psychologists today. The American Psychological Association (APA) even rewarded him for the relevance and depth of his contributions to this field. His most notable contributions pertain to emotions and facial microexpressions.
In addition, he received several awards for his scientific research. For example the Eureka Prize, for promoting understanding of science, and also the William James Fellow Award. In addition, he participated in a BBC documentary and was the inspiration of the series Lie to Me.
He was born on February 15, 1934, in the United States and is one of the most influential psychologists of the twentieth century. Also, he was a Professor of Psychology at the University of California and an advisor to the United States Department of Defense and to the FBI.
He wrote some popular science books, such as The Nature of Emotion: Fundamental Questions. Also, he wrote several articles for newspapers and magazines for his dissemination work. He still does research on deception.
“Deception,” according to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, is “the act of causing someone to accept as true or valid what is false or invalid“.
Now, to know what it is, you must understand that there are six basic emotions according to Ekman: fear, anger, disgust, happiness, surprise, and sadness.
Each emotion is associated with nonverbal language, which is a type of communication that reflects on the facial mimicry. It so happens that, even though people prefer talking, they’ll also express how they feel nonverbally. Feeling deceived or being a deceiver is no exception. Humans can equally express it on both levels.
How to detect deception according to Paul Ekman
According to Paul Ekman, humans aren’t too good at inhibiting facial expressions when they’re excited. Similarly, facial gestures are efficient informers.
Thus, the detection of deceit is possible thanks to the interpretation of facial expressions. Humans also communicate through other body parts, but the most revealing, according to this author, are facial expressions.
Here are some facial indicators of deception:
- The face may contain a double message. What a liar wants to show and what they want to hide.
- Genuine expressions aren’t voluntary. Therefore, it’s easier to detect deception if you know how to identify them.
- Variations in the appearance of an eye produced by the muscles surrounding the eyeball. They modify the shape of the eyelids, the visibility of the iris, and the amount of sclera in the eye. And with it, the general impression one gets when looking into someone’s eyes.
- The direction of a person’s look. People tend to look away when they feel guilty or ashamed.
- Flickering increases or decreases when people have a certain emotion.
- The duration of a facial expression is vital to detect deception. It’s easier to know someone’s not sincere when their expressions last more than 10 seconds.
Fake smiles, synchronization, pupil dilation, activation of reliable facial muscles, and blushing are other phenomena that serve as a reference when it comes to detecting deceit.
One can also detect deceit through a person’s words, tone of voice, and the position of their body. Deceivers are more choosy of their words and invest more in their mission. However, they neglect other things, such as mimicry.
The tone of voice, pauses, and verbal errors can all help you know if someone’s trying to deceive you. They have elements that don’t support the message they’re transmitting through their words.
Have you ever had the feeling that something just doesn’t fit in the way someone tells you something? It makes you wonder what’s up. This is because a hefty part of the analysis of nonverbal behavior happens unconsciously.
Likewise, deception is also linked to lies. To define it, Ekman argues that you must take into account both the liar and their victim in his book Telling Lies: Clues to Deceit in the Marketplace, Politics, and Marriage.
A lie happens when the recipient didn’t ask to be deceived. Also, when the one who says the lie doesn’t previously notify you of their intention to lie.
Technology to detect deception
The polygraph is another liar detector and some call it the “lie hunter”. This device records a person’s body responses when under interrogation. However, and even though prosecutors in many countries use it, no reliable studies support the method of such technology to rule whether someone’s lying or telling the truth.
In short, emotions are a valuable source for analyzing behavior. They can manifest or hide in many ways. Among them, non-verbal language is of particular importance and Paul Ekman and his deceit contributions stand out. What a wonderful legacy!
All cited sources were thoroughly reviewed by our team to ensure their quality, reliability, currency, and validity. The bibliography of this article was considered reliable and of academic or scientific accuracy.
Ekman, P. (2005).Cómo detectar mentiras: Una guía para utilizar en el trabajo, la política y la familia. Grupo planeta
Espinosa Torres, M.P. y Moreno Luce, M.S. La influencia de las emociones en las expresiones faciales según Paul Ekman. | <urn:uuid:1c184d74-01c2-46b1-ac3e-9ecd1164d2c5> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://exploringyourmind.com/paul-ekman-and-deceit-how-to-detect-it/ | 2024-10-09T06:12:58Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.951791 | 1,274 | 2.921875 | 3 |
Dr Au Eong Kah Guan
MBBS(Singapore), MMed(Ophthalmology)(Singapore), FRCS(Edinburgh), FRCS(Glasgow), DRCOphth(London), MRCOphth(London), FAMS(Ophthalmology)(Singapore)
By Dr Au Eong Kah Guan, Medical Director and Senior Consultant Ophthalmologist, International Eye Cataract Retina Centre at Mount Elizabeth Medical Centre and Farrer Park Medical Centre, Singapore
Each month, the American Academy of Ophthalmology recognises one or more observances dedicated to raising awareness about eye health topics. November is Diabetic Eye Disease Awareness Month.
Diabetes mellitus, or diabetes in short, is the leading cause of blindness in working-age adults. The Diabetic Eye Disease Awareness Month aims to increase awareness of this potentially preventable cause of blindness and to encourage diabetic patients to screen and seek treatment for vision problems related to diabetes.
Diabetes affects about 1 in 12 Singapore residents aged 18-69 years. The prevalence of diabetes increases with age. Among elderly Singapore residents, diabetes affects 32.4% of those aged 60-69 years.
Early diabetic eye disease may not produce visual symptoms and is often unnoticed. In fact, vision may not be affected until the disease is relatively severe and more difficult to treat.
Diabetic retinopathy is a potentially blinding condition in which blood vessels in the retina, the light-sensitive layer lining the inside of the eye, become damaged from the high blood sugar levels associated with diabetes. This leads to leakage of fluid into the retina and obstruction of blood flow within the blood vessels. Both of these effects may cause severe vision loss.
Among Singapore Malays with diabetes, the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy is about 35%.
Thankfully, the management of diabetic retinopathy has advanced significantly in recent years. There is now firm evidence from two prospective, multicentre, randomised controlled trials that fenofibrate (Lipanthyl) is beneficial in slowing the progression of diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes and pre-existing diabetic retinopathy. Fenofibrate use also reduces the need for laser therapy and vitrectomy, a major surgery for late stages of diabetic retinopathy.
Other new treatment options such as serial ranibizumab (Lucentis) and aflibercept (Eylea) eye injections have greatly improved the treatment outcomes of diabetic retinopathy.
Laser therapy may be necessary in some cases to save vision. Late stages of diabetic retinopathy often require vitrectomy. Advances in vitrectomy instruments have provided many potential benefits to patients including decreased conjunctival scarring, decreased incidence of dry eye post-surgery, decreased postoperative inflammation leading to less pain and more patient comfort, decreased astigmatic changes and quicker visual recovery. However, in some unfortunate cases, vision may still be lost despite repeated surgeries.
If you have diabetes, schedule a comprehensive dilated eye examination with your eye care professional at least once a year. Make an appointment promptly if you experience blurred vision, floaters or any other visual symptom.
Diabetes can also affect your vision by causing cataract and glaucoma. If you have diabetes, you may get cataract at a younger age and your chances of developing glaucoma are doubled.
Early diagnosis of diabetes and, most importantly, maintaining strict control of blood sugar and hypertension through diet, exercise and medication, can help reduce your risk of developing eye disease associated with diabetes. | <urn:uuid:ca16b6af-31b3-4f8e-970d-5a2beb0fab8b> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://eyecataractretina.com/november-is-diabetic-eye-disease-awareness-month/ | 2024-10-09T06:57:05Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.906239 | 734 | 3 | 3 |
Frailty is a well-recognised expression of population ageing.
- A state of reduced resilience and increased vulnerability;
- A state which minor events can trigger disproportionate adverse outcomes in health, wellbeing or functional ability;
- Related to, but distinct from, ageing, comorbidity and disability.
People living with severe frailty comprise 3% of the population aged 65 and older in England. For moderate frailty it is 12% of those aged 65 and older and for mild frailty 35%.
Older people living with frailty are at increased risk of adverse outcomes including disability, hospitalisation, nursing home admission and mortality. However, there is evidence that frailty may be a modifiable condition and appropriate intervention can influence frailty trajectories. The UK and international consensus guidance recommends identification of frailty as part of routine clinical encounters, or wider population screening, to facilitate the planning and delivery of services for older people.
The Frailty Fulcrum
The concept of frailty as a long-term condition brings with it the opportunity to adopt a much more proactive, person-centred, community-based approach to care. This new approach will be enabled through a wider awareness of frailty and a greater shared understanding of the condition.
The ‘Frailty Fulcrum’ is an animated model that has been developed with these opportunities in mind. It aims to provide a ‘common language’ for frailty that can be shared between individuals, carers and professionals. The model offers an interpretation of frailty that is meaningful, relevant and sustainable for people living with the condition, throughout their journeys of care.
“As a GP who sits on a CCG Board and does work involving the Elderly and Care Homes I found this a succinct way of highlighting the many, interdependent problems our increasingly ageing population faces.”
The frailty fulcrum highlights the multi-dimensional nature of frailty. It considers the many different aspects of our lives that contribute to our overall wellbeing through a series of domains:
- Social environment, including our families, our friends, our communities, any of the people or places that are important to us.
- Physical environment, which is our homes in particular but also the many places that we visit as we live our lives.
- Psychological status, which includes both specific conditions, such as anxiety, or more general feelings like a loss of confidence or a lack of motivation.
- Multimorbidity, which is the impact of multiple long-term conditions, including impairments and mental health conditions as well as physical health conditions.
- Acute health problems, including the ‘Frailty Syndromes’, of falls, immobility, delirium, incontinence and side effects of medication.
- Systems of care, which have a direct impact upon wellbeing, not just through the care that they provide, but also through the way in which they deliver that care.
Factors within each of these domains can either promote resilience or create vulnerability for the individual. The frailty fulcrum shows how resilience and vulnerability across the domains come together to create the holistic condition of frailty. It also shows how the dynamic balance and interactions between the domains influence individual quality of life.
The frailty fulcrum explains how keeping a good balance between all the different things going on in our lives becomes more difficult over time and that, as our level of frailty increases, the likelihood of relatively small things causing bigger problems increases. These changes can occur more quickly for some people than for others and the model explains both the association and difference between frailty and ageing.
The frailty fulcrum demonstrates that whilst challenges in some areas of our lives might be difficult to overcome, a person’s quality of life can still be improved by promoting resilience in other areas, whatever the individual’s age or degree of frailty.
It highlights the importance of empowering individuals and supporting their choices and control over the care they receive and the ways in which they live their lives. The Frailty Fulcrum thus helps us to identify and understand the multi-dimensional opportunities that exist to optimise quality of life for people living with frailty. | <urn:uuid:064a773c-9532-473d-8cca-e1e55ecbea2b> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://frailty360.org/pages/frailty-overview | 2024-10-09T08:00:29Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.951838 | 861 | 3.15625 | 3 |
The first part of this audio-visual presents Giovanni Pisano’s Pulpit in the church of Sant’Andrea in Pistoia. Both the work of art and its creator are situated in the context of Italian art from the late thirteenth to the early fourteenth century. The story continues by describing the problems concerning the conservation and the necessary restoration of the artwork.
Therefore, the video illustrates the 3D survey work carried out by the GeCo Laboratory (Geomatics for the environment and the Conservation of cultural heritage of the University of Florence). The researchers applied geomatic techniques (topography, laser scanning, photogrammetry) to create a high-resolution 3D model of the pulpit, which can be considered its “digital twin”.
This audiovisual product is part of the Pulpit of Giovanni Pisano in the church of Sant’Andrea, Pistoia, study, monitoring and restoration project by the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and the Department of Earth Sciences of the University of Florence, made possible thanks to a donation by the Friends of Florence.
Scientific content by: Grazia Tucci, with the collaboration of Valentina Bonora, Alessandro Conti, Lidia Fiorini, Adele Meucci
Director: Franco Montanari
Visual design and editing: Michele Brusutti
Filming: Alessandro Cerbai, Gianluca Savi (LaboratorioMultimediale – UNIFI)
Audio Editing: Guido Melis (Laboratorio Multimediale Music J. S. Bach, Matthäus Passion, “Erbarme dich, mein Gott” BWV 244. Transcription for organ by Benjamin Righetti. Organist Benjamin Righetti
Copyright 2021 Università degli Studi di Firenze | <urn:uuid:69e00988-ca56-46f3-b3ba-2498dafce038> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://geomaticaeconservazione.it/portfolio_media/the-pulpit-of-giovanni-pisano-in-the-church-of-santandrea-in-pistoia/ | 2024-10-09T05:58:20Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.83145 | 381 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Picture of the Ear: Ear Conditions and Treatments
Understanding how the ear works - Hearing Link The peripheral hearing system consists of three parts which are the outer ear, the middle ear and the inner ear: The outer ear consists of the pinna (also called the auricle), ear canal and eardrum. The middle ear is a small, air-filled space containing three tiny bones called the malleus, incus and stapes but collectively called the ossicles. Your Nose and Ears Are the Only Body Parts That Don't Stop Jan 16, 2019 The human ear - See all parts of the ear and their functions The ear is an advanced and very sensitive organ of the human body. The ear’s function is to transmit and transduce sound to the brain through the parts of the ear: the outer ear, the middle ear and the inner ear. Ear (Anatomy): Overview, Parts and Functions | Biology
How Does the Ear Help to Maintain Balance and Equilibrium
The ear is the organ of hearing and, in mammals, balance.In mammals, the ear is usually described as having three parts—the outer ear, the middle ear and the inner ear.The outer ear consists of the pinna and the ear canal.Since the outer ear is the only visible portion of the ear in most animals, the word "ear" often refers to the external part alone. How We Hear - ASHA Your ear has three parts that lead to your brain. These parts are the outer ear, the middle ear, and the inner ear.
Hearing loss can happen when any part of the ear or the nerves that carry information on sounds to your brain do not work in the usual way. In some cases, hearing loss can be temporary. However, it can become permanent when vital parts of the ear have been damaged beyond repair.
Jan 14, 2015 · The ear is divided into three parts: Outer ear: The outer ear includes an ear canal that is is lined with hairs and glands that secrete wax.This part of the ear provides protection and channels The ear has external, middle, and inner portions. The outer ear is called the pinna and is made of ridged cartilage covered by skin. Sound funnels through the pinna into the external auditory The ear is the organ of hearing and, in mammals, balance.In mammals, the ear is usually described as having three parts—the outer ear, the middle ear and the inner ear.The outer ear consists of the pinna and the ear canal. Sounds are everywhere, and you have two cool parts on your body that let you hear them all: your ears! The outer ear is made up of the pinna — also called the auricle (say: OR-ih-kul) — and the ear canal. The pinna is the part of the ear you see on the side of your head. It's made of tough The anatomy of the human ear comprises three major parts, namely, the outer ear, middle ear, and inner ear. Each part of the ear is again made up of different components. Let's try to understand the different parts of human ear in detail. The ear is made up of three parts: the outer, middle, and inner ear. All three parts of the ear are important for detecting sound by working together to move sound from the outer part through the middle and into the inner part of the ear. Ears also help to maintain balance. | <urn:uuid:45f56ece-77ee-4cc6-9b4e-b6eebf49a108> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://gigavpndidivun.netlify.app/hadad25484kesy/parts-of-your-ear-485 | 2024-10-09T06:41:40Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.958685 | 706 | 3.875 | 4 |
Cell biologist Andy Ewald and biomedical engineer Joel Bader had a vision: to unravel the genetic mysteries of breast cancer by using computer models to uncover molecular patterns among “organoids,” 3-D cultures of breast tissue grown from the cells of cancer patients. In 2018, they were awarded a $5 million grant from the National Cancer Institute to create the Johns Hopkins Center for Cancer Target Discovery and Development, which recruits experts and up-and-comers from a variety of disciplines to research cancer in unique ways.
“Structurally, we’re bringing together really diverse expertise,” Ewald says. “My background is physics and cell biology. Joel’s is in drug development and computational biology. My lab does the experiments and his lab does the math.”
Some of the most exciting developments in biology are happening at that interface between biology and physical sciences, Ewald says. “What we’re doing wouldn’t be possible if we were reading each other’s papers and trying to build on them from afar. You can’t get to the same place that you can when you’re working together.”
A year and a half later, how has that exploration progressed? We checked in with Ewald for this installment of What Happened Next?
Metastasis is what drives cancer deaths. If you catch cancer early, people tend to do really well no matter what organ the cancer exists in. If you catch a cancer later, it’s much more challenging. Even when you get a good outcome it’s often a brutal process in the metastatic stages.
The most fundamental question in treating a patient is which molecules should we be targeting with modern drugs? More than 90 percent of deaths are attributed to metastatic stages, but seven percent of research in breast cancer is on the metastatic stages.
There’s a renewed emphasis on studying the metastatic process in the last five years thanks significantly to efforts from patient advocacy groups and foundations. Those efforts made it easier to raise funds, and that was really critical to our success here ― they enabled us to make great progress in a relatively short period of time. Philanthropy is important even while the grant is running because it allows us to move in some areas very rapidly and test new ideas.
Metastasis is a multi-step process. The cancer cells need to leave, travel through the adjacent tissue, survive traveling through the blood vessels, escape the immune system the whole time, and grow out in a new organ. We wanted to know, what are the molecular tools they’re using to survive the journey through the body? In 2013, we showed that there’s a set of molecular equipment that cancer cells turn on when traveling through the body. As they travel through the body, they tend to do so in groups of cancer cells that are stuck to each other with molecular adhesions ― like molecular velcro.
This basic framework has stood since the late 90s: If you look at the migration of cancer cells in a petri dish, how fast they migrate correlates inversely with their expression of E-cadherin [an adhesion protein]. When we take away E-cadherin, we see more invasion. This gave people a framework for thinking of E-cadherin as repressing cancer invasion. We still agree with that! But metastasis is a multi-step process. Making the first step go faster doesn’t mean the whole process works better.
Travel through the body is molecularly stressful. Most cancer cells that leave die along the way and don’t form a metastasis. They’re right at their limit of their survival. If you push them any harder, they die. We used genetic techniques to delete E-cadherin and they increased their local invasion. They get out to the local area much better, but they can’t survive the journey to a distant organ. Or to use a sports metaphor, as they lose E-cadherin, they get better at the 100-meter sprint and win that event, but they tear a hamstring and can’t complete the decathlon.
No, because overwhelmingly the primary breast cancer tumor can be surgically removed. One of the biggest worries is that you don’t know if the cancer cells have spread to distant organs. The question is how can we eliminate those few cells left in the body in a way that’s least damaging to the patient? We showed that when we lose this class of adhesion, many types of chemical signals changed, and we were able to use this information to identify ways to increase and decrease the survival of the cancer cells.
Turning these laboratory insights into patient benefits. Now we need to test what types of breast cancer this insight is most useful for and identify the most promising methods to disrupt adhesion-based survival. We think this is going to be very relevant in many other cancer types. Most solid cancers ― breast, pancreas, liver, lungs, everything that’s not a blood cancer ― will be expressing this protein or one very similar to it.
The thing we’re going to focus on next is the identification of targets. We’re going to say “aim at this molecule” and then partner with other people to build out the drugs. We have drug screens running right now, so we can try every drug out there in the oncology pipeline, drugs from other diseases, and novel compounds that are not yet drugs for any disease. We have another active project where we’re using genetic screening to identify new targets down at the gene level to turn into therapeutic strategies. We’ve done great stuff in the past, but the most exciting stuff is in the future.
Topics: Foundations, Friends of Johns Hopkins Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Fuel Discovery, Promote and Protect Health | <urn:uuid:53827c01-62ff-47d8-b27d-2841cf53e959> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://giving.jhu.edu/story/slowing-cancer-metastasis | 2024-10-09T06:50:09Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.945126 | 1,223 | 2.828125 | 3 |
Government policies play a crucial role in shaping the market dynamics of various industries, and the silica sand crusher industry in India is no exception. Silica sand is an essential resource for industries like construction, glass manufacturing, and foundry operations, among others. Hence, any fluctuations in its prices directly impact these sectors and the overall economy.
One of the key factors affecting silica sand crusher prices in India is the stringent regulations imposed by the government to control illegal mining and environmental degradation. Over the years, India has witnessed a significant rise in illegal sand mining, leading to the depletion of natural resources and ecological imbalance. In response, the government has implemented policies to monitor and regulate this issue.
The Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change (MoEFCC) has made it mandatory for all the states in India to obtain environmental clearance for mining sand, including silica sand. This clearance is given only after assessing the environmental impact and ensuring compliance with various regulations. These measures have led to increased production costs for silica sand crushers as they need to invest in sustainable mining practices and environmental protection measures.
Moreover, the government has also imposed restrictions on selling or transporting sand across state borders by implementing the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Act (MMDR), 2015. This act aims to prevent illegal sand mining and encourages state governments to auction mining leases through a transparent bidding process. As a result, the supply of silica sand has become limited, leading to an increase in prices.
Another significant factor influencing silica sand crusher prices is the Goods and Services Tax (GST). GST is a comprehensive indirect tax levied on the manufacturing, sale, and consumption of goods and services across the country. The silica sand crusher industry falls under the 28% tax bracket. Due to this high tax rate, manufacturers and suppliers have to increase the prices to maintain profitability. This ultimately affects the overall cost of construction, glass production, and other industries dependent on silica sand.
Furthermore, the availability of transportation infrastructure and logistic facilities also impacts silica sand crusher prices. The government has been focusing on improving the connectivity and efficiency of transportation networks through initiatives like the Bharatmala Pariyojana and Sagarmala projects. However, the slow progress in the development of these projects has resulted in increased transportation costs for silica sand, adding to the overall price.
In conclusion, government policies play a significant role in driving silica sand crusher prices in India. Regulations aimed at curbing illegal mining and maintaining environmental sustainability increase production costs. The implementation of GST and limited supply due to border restrictions further impact the prices. Additionally, the availability and efficiency of transportation infrastructure also influence the final costs. Hence, it is essential for the government to strike a balance between regulating the industry and ensuring the availability of silica sand at reasonable prices to promote economic growth in various sectors.
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- Understanding the Different Types of Ballast Crusher Machines Available | <urn:uuid:89691df3-a07f-496f-998f-922b8f28a3f1> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://golfleisure.co.za/Nov/407.html | 2024-10-09T07:37:58Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.904561 | 913 | 2.859375 | 3 |
Exercise activates the brain and delays dementia. Is high-intensity interval training the most effective?
Exercise can bring various benefits to the body, including improving obesity and cardiovascular disease. In recent years, the impact of exercise on the brain and mental health has become one of the topics studied by many scientists. Dr. Vernon Williams, MD, University of Michigan, pointed out that exercise can increase the concentration of chemicals in the brain, which can help improve memory and reduce the chance of developing dementia in later life.
Dr. Williams pointed out that to explain the positive impact of exercise on the brain, it is closely related to “brain-derived neurotrophic factor” (BDNF). BDNF is a substance found in the brain that helps keep brain cells healthy while promoting the growth of new brain cells.
Many people liken BDNF to “fertilizer for the brain.” High concentrations of BDNF contribute to neuroplasticity in the brain, allowing individuals to more flexibly adapt to the external environment. In addition, some studies have found that low concentrations of BDNF are related to depression, anxiety and memory function loss.
Dr. Williams further pointed out that alternating moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) with high-intensity interval training (HIIT) can help increase BDNF concentrations. From the perspective of short-term benefits, both can improve mood and cognitive functions; from the perspective of long-term benefits, they also have a positive impact on cortical reorganization and neuroplasticity, and can slow down dementia and memory decline.
Can 10 minutes of practice improve memory? Experts recommend “3 exercises” to be done every day
Research from the University of California, Irvine, points out that even spending just 10 minutes a day exercising can help improve memory. Previous experiments have shown that “wheel running” has a significant impact on hippocampal neuroplasticity and memory in rodents. The research team used high-resolution MRI scans to monitor whether there were significant changes in the brain structure of 36 young subjects after exercising for 10 minutes.
The results show that short-term exercise can also significantly increase the activity of the hippocampus and surrounding areas in the brain. After the subjects’ sports accidents, the “dentate gyrus” structure in the hippocampus had better connections with the cortical areas responsible for memory processing.
Michael Yassa, a professor of behavioral neurobiology at the University of California, believes that the hippocampus is very important for creating new memories. As we age, the hippocampus is one of the first organs in the brain to degenerate. Particularly severe hippocampal degeneration has been detected in patients with Alzheimer’s disease.
Yassa said that previous research focused on the impact of exercise on promoting new cells in the brain; this study more directly points out the connection between exercise and the hippocampus and cortex. Even short-term physical activity can improve memory. affected.
What types of exercise can best help your brain health? Yassa believes that yoga, which is widely popular among women, and Tai Chi, which is quite popular in the East, are the first choices for short-term exercise. Even just taking a walk after a meal can stimulate the hippocampus. Mild exercise over a period of weeks or even months can be of some benefit to adults approaching old age.
“Just 10 minutes of exercise a day can have a positive impact on brain structure and function. This is undoubtedly a big plus for avoiding cognitive function and memory decline,” Yassa said. | <urn:uuid:c2779826-d683-420a-888c-f1dd0afb5b0a> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://healthorn.com/article/exercise-effective-improving-memory-reducing-dementia/ | 2024-10-09T06:16:07Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.940189 | 726 | 3.1875 | 3 |
Bringing together experts across Latin America, North America, and Spain, The Cambridge Companion to Latin American Independence innovatively revisits Latin American independence within a larger regional, temporal, and thematic framework to highlight its significance for the Age of Atlantic Revolutions. The volume offers a synthetic yet comprehensive tool for understanding and assessing the most current studies in the field and their analytical contributions to the broader historiography. Organized thematically and across different regions of the Iberian Peninsula and Spanish and Luso America, the essays deepen well-known conclusions and reveal new interpretations. They offer analytical interventions that produce new questions on periodization, the meaning of anti-colonialism, liberalism, and republicanism, as well as the militarization of societies, public opinion, the role of sciences, labor regimes, and gender dynamics. A much-needed addition to the existing scholarship, this volume brings a transnational perspective to a critical period of history in Latin America. | <urn:uuid:7409464d-ebed-4149-8b14-00eb4bcaaad2> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://history.yale.edu/publications/cambridge-companion-latin-american-independence?page=2 | 2024-10-09T06:41:17Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.889956 | 192 | 2.6875 | 3 |
For breeders, grazed grass is the least expensive fodder to produce (low inputs and mechanization, less working time) with a positive "societal" and "environmental" image.
To best optimize the grass resource, some breeders choose to apply rotational grazing, sometimes going as far as dynamic rotational grazing.
In the majority of situations, pasture require supplementation. This contribution makes it possible to secure animal performance. For the finishing of the animals to be done on pasture, the establishment of rotational grazing is essential.
Description of Innovation
Dynamic rotational grazing is based on dividing grassland into small plots that animals graze for a short time with a high stocking density. It aims to maximize the productivity of grasslands and exploit them as much as possible through grazing in an efficient way for the animals and at very low cost.
The idea is to graze the grass when it is at the right stage, i.e. when it offers the best quantity/quality ratio, then give it a rest period so that it can replenish its reserves.
The breeder divides his plot into small sub-units (or “paddocks”) and organizes a rotation so that the animals do not return to the same plot for 3 to 4 weeks.
The grass thus offered is of high and consistent quality, and the breeder can manage more easily situations of deficit or excess of grass.
The animals do not stay more than three days on the same plot, the ideal being to change them every day. From the 4th day, the regrowth has reached a sufficient height to be grazed and could be consumed first, compromising the reconstitution of plant reserves.
Economically, dynamic rotating pasture is a real asset for cattle breeders. There is an increase in productivity per cow on grass (without concentrates and with only grazed grass).
It is also a real solution for adapting to climate change for cattle farmers. rotational grazing makes it easier to get through periods of drought because even if the grassland does not produce, it then starts up again more easily in the fall and the following spring, without losing quality.
Impact on farm performance
- Reduction of costs of animal feed costs of the farm, as less feed is purchased because of the more intensive use of pasture land
- Better resilience to climate change
- Better performance for animals (carcass weight, fattening)
Farmer comment (for Good Practices)
Olivier VAN DEN BOSSCHE, breeder-fattener in Quilen (62), in dynamic rotational grazing :
“I got into dynamic rotational grazing with the objective of producing more grass while being more respectful of the environment. I was able to gradually increase my stocking density and today I am grazing about twenty more animals. I have also reduced my nitrogen intake on the 26.5 ha meadows by 63%, i.e. a saving of around €2,000. I won't go back for anything in the world” | <urn:uuid:6ae3a816-40f5-43ba-a6a9-413d0b32da48> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://hub.bovine-eu.net/search/pasture-management-integration-of-rotational-grazing-in-animal-finishing | 2024-10-09T06:16:52Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.938868 | 624 | 2.828125 | 3 |
Who is Tammuz (Ezekiel 8), and how is he directly related to Easter?
If God was upset with the practice taking place in His house then what do you think He would have to say today?
Tamuz was a sacrificial king who was executed, spent three days in the underworld and was rescued from the land of the dead by his wife. It is an ancient ritual upon which the story of the death and resurrection of Jesus was based.
Like the Christians and Christianity I'm not too sure he has anything to with Easter,
The name "Easter" originated with the names of an ancient Goddess Eastre, Goddess of fertility, hence the symbols of Eggs and rabbits.
She was the Great Mother Goddess of the Pagan Saxon people in Northern Europe. Her name is derived from the ancient word for spring: "eastre."
Tammuz is mentioned in the old testament of the Bible. He was the son of Semiramis who was the wife of Nimrod the King of Babylon. In the Phonecian language, Semiramis was named Ishtar (Pronounced Easter). Other's called her Dianna, Oester, and many, many other names, but she was the same queen. Catholics call her Mary, Queen of Heaven, Holy Mother of God. This is not the same Mary, virgin mother of Jesus - of the bible. Mary was not holy, and she was not the Queen of Heaven, however, Semiramis was traditionally called the Queen of Heaven, but she was far from being a virgin if historical accounts about her are true. There was a reason she was the Goddess of Fertility. Outside of being her son, I don't know of any connection between Tammuz and Easter in terms of the "Easter Holiday." There is no connection between Easter and Christianity either... go figure.
Says Alexander Hislop regarding the festival of Easter:
Easter is nothing else than Astarte, one of the titles of Beltis, the queen of heaven, whose name, as pronounced by the people of Nineveh, was evidently identical with that now in common use in this country. That name, as found by Layard on the Assyrian monuments, is Ishtar (The Two Babylons, p. 103).
Cassianus, the monk of Marseilles, writing in the fifth century, and contrasting the primitive Church with the Church in his day, The forty days' abstinence of Lent was directly borrowed from the worshippers of the Babylonian goddess. Such a Lent of forty days, "in the spring of the year," is still observed by the Yezidis or Pagan Devil-worshippers of Koordistan, who have inherited it from their early masters, the Babylonians.
In the Mystery religion of Babylon, the false savior Tammuz was worshipped with various spring rites. Through the weeping of his mother Easter, or Semiramis, he was mystically revived, his resurrection symbolized by the budding of new vegetation in the spring. Each year the pagan spring festival celebrated this resurrection story.
In Ezekiel chapter 8 we saw women weeping for Tammuz, and the very next abomination was men in the temple of YEHOVAH God worshipping toward the rising sun! Ezekiel was speaking of this same ancient pagan celebration of the weeping for Tammuz, and the observance of this pagan spring festival.
Source: Where Did Easter Come From? - http://www.hope-of-israel.org/easterfr.htm
by nextgoodthing 12 years ago
Are the moral values directly related to spirituality? How you define spirituality?2 days ago I was participating in a group discussion in preparation for a short speech when this topic came up. I found interesting how extremely different can be people's views. Even more interesting is ...
by Sharlee 6 months ago
It deeply saddens me to witness Joe Biden's recent proclamation, which I perceive as a blatant disregard for the sanctity of Easter Sunday. By choosing to declare Trans Visibility Day on this holiest of days for Christians, Biden has, in my opinion, committed an act that can only be described as...
by Rosheda Stephenson 7 years ago
I am yet to successfully publish any articles with amazon products. I am trying to be clear on the requirements for these articles. I thought articles should be limited to 1-2 products, however I have seen list based articles with multiple products (ideas for gifts) on niche site, Holidappy. Would...
by Claire Evans 7 years ago
We know it is not possible for someone to still be walking in the wilderness for 40 days so this is evidence that this event didn't really happen. Where did the number of 40 come from?
by hookedhuntress 11 years ago
Many say that the origins of Easter are pagan and therefore Christians should not celebrate it.I am curious as to how others feel about this and what their opinions are.
by HOOWANTSTONO 11 years ago
Passover or Easter, which is your choice, and the most important part of it.
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Nikki Krueger – The Dripping Point
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Sensible load refers to the temperature we can feel, and latent load refers to the moisture in the air. Dehumidifiers focus on addressing the latent load, and water pulled from the air may be measured in pints or pounds (which are the same thing). Relative humidity shows the percentage of humidity based on the temperature; if we heat up the air but maintain the same amount of water vapor in the air, the relative humidity will drop. When the relative humidity hits 100%, it reaches the dew point, and condensation happens. We want to limit condensation on surfaces because it may lead to microbial growth.
Colder evaporator coils and longer runtimes can help us regulate the latent load and remove excess moisture. However, the houses we build nowadays are a lot tighter and are not designed to breathe, so we also need to be aware of sources of infiltration (especially when exhaust-only ventilation is used) and oversized systems with short runtimes, which may also affect indoor humidity. There is even a new ACCA manual (LLH) for the low-load homes being built to the current code requirements. Dehumidifiers may also help, and those work particularly well in shoulder seasons.
Throughout the day, sensible loads tend to vary more than latent loads, so we need to focus on the dew point to control condensation at all parts of the day, not just when the A/C is running. Higher relative humidities lead to VOC off-gassing and allow microbes to survive, so controlling relative humidity can make a home much healthier, especially if we aim for around 50% relative humidity.
In many cases, we design houses for the peak heat load, which represents only 1% of the time. As a result, the HVAC runtimes don’t reach the point where the equipment can dehumidify the air effectively (if at all). Energy-efficient equipment also tends to have poor dehumidification. Lower-SEER systems tend to have larger coils that can get quite cold, so the coils can pull a lot more moisture out of the air. To determine the effectiveness of a system’s dehumidification, we need to look at the sensible heat ratio (SHR). Lower sensible heat ratios indicate better dehumidification, and we can achieve those lower SHRs with longer runtimes. Otherwise, the moisture will just go back into the home.
A whole-house ventilating dehumidifier can dehumidify the home separately from the HVAC system by using a dedicated return. These dehumidifiers can also meet ventilation requirements in some areas. Sometimes, people use ERVs for ventilation; ERVs cross airstreams and exchange moisture to lessen the latent load, but they aren’t very effective when the airstreams are equally humid. Whole-house dehumidification has demonstrated superior performance in Central Florida in case studies. When fresh air enters the equation, the whole-house dehumidifier doesn’t typically dehumidify that air because it’s too energy-intensive for a small amount of fresh air; instead, we can rely on filtration to purify that outdoor air.
The recommended whole-house ventilating dehumidifier installation has a dedicated return to the HVAC supply. When there is no existing ductwork, such as when you have ductless mini-splits, you will have to add some ductwork and distribute the incoming air into about three areas with ductless heads. The return-to-return installation is a poor dehumidifier configuration in Florida. Even though return-to-return installations may be better for accessibility in some cases, the installation is energy-intensive and may even result in higher relative humidity.
You can use a mobile app to determine how much dehumidification a home needs. Occupancy and load conditions also affect indoor relative humidity and must be considered. To size a dehumidifier correctly, we need to know how much moisture the HVAC unit removes, how the unit is sized, how often the unit runs at the conditions used for sizing, and if we’re using fresh air ventilation. From there, you can use Manual J calculations to size a dehumidifier. Once you figure out how many pints you will need to remove per day, you can use Manual S calculations to pin down an exact unit and design.
Santa Fe has also developed in-wall dehumidifiers, which are great for applications that don’t have room for ducted dehumidifiers. Drainage is important to consider in all types of dehumidifiers, and drain traps should be accessible for easy cleaning.
There is also some discussion about ventilation and latent load control on the commercial side of HVAC as well as who is responsible for dehumidification. | <urn:uuid:c0b8f19c-962d-4f7c-a676-9ff9a9efe8b2> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://hvacrschool.com/videos/nikki-kreuger-the-dripping-point/ | 2024-10-09T06:05:16Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.915116 | 1,017 | 2.75 | 3 |
Dissolution of extended-family households in Northern Orkney, Scotland, 1851-1901
Julia A. Jennings, Pennsylvania State University
Corey S. Sparks, University of Texas at San Antonio
James W. Wood, Pennsylvania State University
Patricia L. Johnson, Pennsylvania State University
Timothy M. Murtha, Pennsylvania State University
Stephen A Matthews, Pennsylvania State University
Historical demographers usually identify extended households as those in which more than one married couple occupy a single domicile. In some rural areas, however, it may be more important that they co-reside on a single farmstead and share the minimal resources needed to run the farm, even if living in separate houses. By this definition, we have found frequencies of household extension in Orkney, Scotland (1851-1901), ranging from 3- 38 percent, depending on island and period. Why are extended households common in Orkney and, if household extension is advantageous, why is it not even more common? We consider Hammel’s suggestion (Proc Nat Acad Sci 102:7043-6, 2005) that household extension may dampen unfavorable fluctuations in household consumer/producer ratios by combining nuclear families at differing phases of their life cycles, but include another important limiting factor: as households become more extended, they become larger and need more land. | <urn:uuid:2fbc6e4a-ea98-4da9-8f7b-09bcccf78eb9> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://ipc2009.popconf.org/abstracts/92777 | 2024-10-09T07:05:57Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.930793 | 281 | 2.6875 | 3 |
Typically, a baby grows in the womb for 40 weeks before being born. Babies born at 40 weeks are called full-term. If a baby is born earlier than 37 weeks, that baby is called premature, or “preterm” or a “preemie.” In the US 12–13% of infants are born premature.
According to Baby Center Canada, in Canada, about seven per cent of babies are born prematurely each year, with 1.5 per cent of babies born before 32 weeks and only 0.4 per cent of babies are born very early, before 28 weeks. The majority of preterm infants are born near term (34 or more weeks gestation.) While these infants are smaller than full-term infants at birth, they tend to catch up with their full-term peers rapidly. The earlier a “preemie” is born, the higher the risk for complications in infancy and later in life – but more premature babies than ever are surviving and thriving.
What to Expect in Your Preemie’s First Year
Having a premature baby brings up a lot of questions and some uncertainties. Normal questions that the mother of a preemie may have:
Is my premature baby going to have health problems?
What are the common health problems for premature newborns?
Will my baby have long-term health problems?
Will my baby grow up to be smaller than other children of same age?
Will my baby walk, crawl and talk at the same time as other babies?
In general, premature babies are at higher risk for problems with breathing and problems with their hearts. Shortly after birth, preterm babies are also at higher risk for serious infections and bowel problems. Some preterm babies may have longer-term health problems like cerebral palsy, respiratory conditions, and learning difficulties – but these problems are more common among the tiniest, earliest-born babies.
Your baby might not turn out to be smaller than other children the same age – it’s just that premature babies might reach their development milestones more slowly than other “full-term” kids who have the same birthday. But in the long run, many premature babies grow up to be “normal” healthy kids who reach a “normal” size and height. Medical care for premature babies has improved dramatically in recent years, and many pre-term babies go on to have a very normal and healthy life, regardless of the challenges they face in their earliest days.
Keeping Track of Milestones
Many parents worry that their pre-term babies might not walk or talk or achieve other development milestones as soon as other kids. But remember that milestones are only guidelines – every baby is different – preemie or not. Whether a baby is premature or not, there’s no way to predict exactly when they will hit milestones.
Instead, there’s a “range of normal” that spans when most babies accomplish these big developmental goals. These infants may stay in the hospital for one or two weeks after birth to ensure that they are feeding well and gaining weight at a healthy rate before they go home.
During infancy, at home and at childcare, these infants may need more frequent and smaller feedings than full term infants. They may need additional layers of clothing or blankets to keep warm during the first few months of life. All preemies should have a regular health care provider and a “medical home” to keep track of their ongoing growth and development.
The most important thing is to make sure your child is moving forward in his/her development. Don’t worry so much about milestones – but if you want to get a better perspective on how to evaluate your child’s development, check out this set of guidelines on preemie milestones.
Understanding Your Baby’s Adjusted Age
Another concept to keep in mind is the idea of “adjusted age” – because the truth is, premature babies aren’t really the same “age” as other babies that have the same birth date. For preemies, many pediatricians recommend using an “adjusted age” to determine this “range of normal” for child development milestones. Adjusted age helps level the playing field by taking into account just how early your baby was born. After all, had your baby not been premature, she would have had a lot more time in your womb to get ready before she was expected to achieve milestones!
When you use an adjusted age, the range of normal gets shifted. For example, while most full-term babies will sit up between 4 and 7 months, a baby born two months early can be expected to do this between 6 and 9 months.
To find your child’s adjusted age, count the number of weeks between her birth date and her due date, and subtract that amount of time from her current age.
For example, a 6-month-old baby who was born 8 weeks early, would have an adjusted age of 6 months minus 8 weeks, or about 4 months. At 10 months old, her adjusted age would be 8 months, and at 16 months old, her adjusted age would be 14 months. Keep this in mind when trying to figure out if your baby is developing “normally” for his/her age. It might be strange or frustrating to see other people’s babies crawling, toddling or walking before your baby is ready to do those same things, but remember that premature birth can result in a few development delays compared to kids “the same age.”
Parents of preemies need to keep in mind that although milestones are important for keeping track of your child’s overall development, they don’t provide a complete picture of your child’s health. In the long run, your baby will more than likely turn out to be at the same physical, mental and emotional developmental level as all the other “normal-age” kids in her class.
The Importance of Breastfeeding
The first year of parenthood of a preemie is often filled with uncertainty and special challenges, but premature babies are often surprisingly strong and resilient, and breastfeeding is one thing you can do to make sure that you give your preemie the best start.
Moms often feel powerless when they give birth to a baby prematurely. It can be hard to have a baby being looked after in the NICU (Neonatal Intensive Care Unit) because the hospital environment impacts early bonding newborn rituals and the baby’s own delicate condition.
However, even if your baby is born premature, one of the greatest gifts you can give your baby is to pump breastmilk to nourish them through those early days, weeks and months. When a baby is born prematurely, every second counts. And, especially when breastfeeding babies in the NICU, every drop of breastmilk counts.
Sleeping Through the Night
Along with the other developmental milestones, preemies often take a bit longer to sleep through the night. According to HealthyChildren.org, a pre-term baby might not be able to sleep a full 6-to-8 hours a night until 6 to 8 months of age, or later. Play with your baby during the day and keep night feedings quiet and efficient – this will help the baby feel tired at night and establish a more regular routine.
Eating Solid Foods
In general, babies are ready to be introduced to solid foods starting at the age of six months. However, it’s more complicated for preemies. Talk with your doctor to see when they recommend starting solid foods for your baby – taking into account the baby’s “adjusted age” and other factors that are particular to your child’s specific health situation. Instead of basing your decision on the baby’s age alone, consider the overall picture of how the child is developing – make sure he or she is showing signs of being ready for solid foods, such as: exhibiting curiosity about solid foods, holding up his or her own head, absence of the tongue thrust reflex (to push foods and other objects out of the baby’s mouth), and other milestones. Your baby’s age is less important than his/her overall visible readiness for solids. If the baby does not seem to be ready for solid foods yet, don’t worry and don’t rush! It’s better to wait a bit longer to introduce solids, because after all, breastmilk is the only food that your baby really needs for the first 12 months of life!
Having a premature infant brings more than its share of worries and challenges, but in many ways, there has never been a better time to bring a preemie into this world. With the amazing medical advances of recent years, and the great resources available for raising your premature baby during the first year of life and beyond, it’s more possible than ever for even the tiniest babies to grow up to lead long, normal, healthy lives. In a few years, you might be amazed to think that your child was ever so small.
Are you the parent of a preemie? What has your experience been like during the first year of your child’s life? Leave a comment and let us know, or join the discussion on our Medela Singapore Facebook page! | <urn:uuid:742258f6-a131-41cc-810d-2b3a5b47f9ae> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://medela.sg/blog/the-breastfeeding-journey-parenting-tips/your-premature-babys-first-year-of-life/ | 2024-10-09T07:46:16Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.96011 | 1,933 | 3.5 | 4 |
Humanity, alone among living species, is capable of reconstructing its own biological history. On the one hand, all human beings belong to a single species; on the other, no two human beings are alike due to the vast genetic variability observed among individuals. Just as unique is our complex cultural history. The two evolutions - biological and cultural - share convergent traits, but are also divergent. One of the key features of our cultural evolution is the role played by the migrations that allowed Homo Sapiens to populate all lands over 2,500 generations, adapting to local circumstances in ways that complicate the understanding of our ancestry and contributed to the development of the misleading concept of race.
Luciano Terrenato teaches Population Genetics at the Tor Vergata University in Rome. | <urn:uuid:91140530-200c-407c-8a78-b4e900654799> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://mulino.it/isbn/9788815116406 | 2024-10-09T07:54:22Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.925993 | 157 | 3.640625 | 4 |
Ontario Tech University observes National Day for Truth and Reconciliation September 30
September 30, 2021
Between 1883 and 1997, an estimated 150,000 Indigenous children across Canada were forcibly taken from their families and placed in residential schools, with a federal government objective of cultural and religious assimilation. Over the past several months, the recovery of lost children in unmarked graves at these schools has sparked a national reckoning over the painful history of Canada’s former residential school system.
The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada (TRC) spent years collecting survivors’ stories and creating a historical record of the residential school system. The TRC’s final report in 2015 contained 94 calls to action to address this legacy and advance reconciliation between Canadians and First Nations, Métis and Inuit Peoples.
This June, in response to one of the TRC’s calls to action, the federal government passed legislation making Thursday, September 30 the National Day for Truth and Reconciliation. This declaration coincides with Orange Shirt Day, founded in 2013 by Phyllis Jack Webstad as a grassroots effort to raise awareness of the tragic history and ongoing legacy of residential schools. For some context on the history and significance of September 30, watch Ontario Tech’s Orange Shirt Day video.
On September 30, Ontario Tech University observed the National Day for Truth and Reconciliation as a day of recognition, remembrance and respect for survivors of residential schools, and a day to learn about the intergenerational impacts residential schools have had on Indigenous communities. The university will annually observe this day.
Between Monday, September 27 and Thursday, September 30, to the campus community participated in the events and opportunities that Indigenous Education and Cultural Services (IECS) and the President’s Reconciliation Task Force planned in partnership with Durham College. These included a suggested self-directed learning plan with resources for you to access on the days leading up to the National Day for Truth and Reconciliation, or any time as well as a non-meeting day to allow a day of learning, reflection and respect.
In addition, the campus community showed its support by wearing orange shirts, with many purchasing orange t-shirt made by Nish Tees, an Indigenous-owned business. Nish Tees will donate proceeds from their Orange Shirt Day t-shirt sales to Sage and Sunshine, an Indigenous culture-based school. In addition, to honour the children who did not come home from residential schools, survivors and their families, the university lit the exterior of its Software and Informatics Research Centre with the colour orange.
“The Ontario Tech community is committed to listening to the voices of Indigenous Peoples as we continue to work towards implementing the recommendations of the TRC report, and addressing systemic barriers facing all Indigenous Peoples. As we move toward reconciliation and healing, let us honour the lives of survivors, their families and communities. We cannot build a trusting future without an honest dialogue and recounting of an unspeakable past.”
-Dr. Steven Murphy, President and Vice-Chancellor, Ontario Tech University | <urn:uuid:a15d4d19-7d69-4f72-9b4f-a9565deaf552> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://news.ontariotechu.ca/archives/2021/09/ontario-tech-university-observes-national-day-for-truth-and-reconciliation-september-30.php | 2024-10-09T06:19:06Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.949774 | 629 | 3.25 | 3 |
A new study published in the journal Science may have major implications for the future of water purification.
Professor Aleksandr Noy and his research team at Lawrence Livermore National Lab found that carbon nanotube porins (CNTPs) — hollow cylinders made of pure carbon that resemble microscopic drinking straws — can transport pure water across barriers while excluding impurities. The study also shows that CNTPs do this better than any material known to science.
Approximately 100,000 times thinner than a human hair, CNTPs are so narrow that liquid water has to rearrange itself into a single-file chain of water molecules in order to pass through. This helps CNTPs separate water from dissolved salts, even at salinities higher than seawater.
Materials that employ microscopic pores to separate water from contaminants are not new. Most technologies used for desalinization work on this principle. Even nature’s solution to the water purification problem, the aquaporin, works much the same way.
Aquaporins are cell-surface proteins found in everything from bacteria to humans. They’re nature’s water conduits, regulating the flow of water in and out of cells. Their unique chemical structure allows them to distinguish water molecules from other particles, resulting in highly selective water transport.
“Synthetic membranes used in water purification are a few orders of magnitude worse than aquaporins,” Noy said. “Aquaporins are the gold standard by which membranes are judged.”
Because of this, researchers have tried to design aquaporin-based water purification systems, largely without success. These technologies are difficult to scale. Plus, proteins degrade over relatively short time spans, making aquaporin-based technologies unstable.
These shortcomings inspired Noy and colleagues to search for synthetic pores that were just as selective with none of the drawbacks. Carbon nanotubes seemed an obvious choice.
“We created something that looks and works like a protein, but it’s stable since it’s a carbon nanotube,” Noy said.
Other groups previously synthesized carbon nanotubes that could transport water, but none were as effective. That’s partly because earlier generations of nanotubes had diameters in excess of 1 nanometer. CNTPs, with a diameter of 0.8 nanometers, are much closer to the 0.3 nanometer aquaporin channel.
This structural similarity leads to functional similarity, with CNTPs behaving a lot like aquaporins. Both require water to pass through in a single-file chain, and both exploit structural properties to deny passage to salts and small molecules.
But CNTPs are more than just an improvement over larger, less selective nanotubes.
“We finally created a synthetic nanopore that beats aquaporin at water transport and desalinization,” Noy said. “This is the first synthetic pore that beats nature.”
CNTPs are six times more effective than aquaporins at water transport. That’s because aquaporins produce friction between water molecules and the channel walls. CNTPs, on the other hand, have very low friction.
CNTPs have another unusual property. Under certain conditions they can transport charged particles, with researchers controlling the direction of the current. This means CNTPs can be induced to behave a lot like an artificial nerve signal. However, Noy and colleagues emphasize that much remains to be studied.
“We’re continuing to study the mechanism of water transport through CNTPs,” Noy said. “Our goal is to achieve transport that is truly without friction. We want perfectly effortless, perfectly selective water transport.”
UC Merced graduate student Yun-Chiao Yao co-authored the study. Additional co-authors include Ramya Tunuguntla of LLNL, Robert Henley of LLNL and Northeastern University, Tuan Anh Pham of LLNL, and Meni Wanunu of Northeastern University. | <urn:uuid:b6cd381b-7914-44df-8e3e-1a2aea379b82> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://news.ucmerced.edu/news/2017/synthetic-nanotubes-beat-nature-water-purification | 2024-10-09T07:50:49Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.948114 | 846 | 4 | 4 |
Carbon monoxide is a very poisonous gas that is formed when gas applications are not functioning properly. This can happen when gas applications have been poorly fitted or badly upheld. You can’t see it, smell it, or taste it, but carbon monoxide can kill rapidly without notice.
It can similarly cause lasting health problems, including brain damage. Last year more than 4,000 in the UK were affected by carbon monoxide poisoning.
- The flame on your hob should be crisp and blue. Sluggish yellow or red flames mean you need to get your cooker checked
- Dim staining around or on applications
- Pilot lights that often blow out
- Enlarged condensation inside windows
Once people suffer from low-level carbon monoxide poisoning they might experience symptoms comparable to influenza, viral infections or food poisoning. It is common to mistake the indications of carbon monoxide with these infections.
Other signs that might indicate you are suffering from CO poisoning include:
- Your symptoms first occur while you remain at home
- Your symptoms fade or become better after you leave home and come back once you return
- Others in your home are suffering similar symptoms (including your animals)
The six symptoms to look out for are:
What to do
If you think you are suffering from carbon monoxide poisoning or suspect your gas applications aren’t functioning properly, you ought to do the following:
- Get fresh air straightaway. Open doors and windows, turn off gas applications and leave the house
- See your GP immediately or go to hospital – let them know that you suspect carbon monoxide poisoning. They can do a blood or breath examination to check.
- Call the Gas Emergency Helpline on 0800 111 999 if you think there is immediate danger
- Get a Gas Safe registered engineer to examine your gas applications and vents to see if there is a hazardous problem
- Inform your gas supplier of the problem | <urn:uuid:6d48a06a-2ae7-496c-b581-a685a1c48d7a> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://nichedatafactory.com/2013/01/carbon-monoxide-poisoning/ | 2024-10-09T06:26:57Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.927892 | 394 | 3.125 | 3 |
The term “bashert” originates from Yiddish culture and has woven its way through Jewish history and tradition. It carries the weight of destiny, especially in love and marriage, symbolizing that some events or relationships are preordained. While most commonly associated with finding a soulmate, the concept can be applied more broadly to any fortuitous event that appears to have been divinely guided or destined to occur.
The roots of “bashert” are deeply planted in the rich soil of Jewish thought and theology. It’s a concept that reflects a tapestry of faith, culture, and the search for meaning, extending beyond mere chance or coincidence. In modern contexts, “bashert” has been adopted by a wider audience, often used colloquially to refer to the serendipitous nature of significant life events or meetings.
“Bashert” is a Yiddish term indicating destiny, often related to one’s soulmate.
Its origins are steeped in Jewish tradition, suggesting a higher power predestines events.
The concept is prevalent in modern culture and applied to significant life occurrences.
Origins of Bashert Concept
The concept of bashert stems from Jewish teachings and philosophical musings on destiny and divine providence. It embodies a belief in predetermined soulmates and life events, with roots that trace back to the Talmud.
The term bashert finds its way into Jewish thought through the Talmud, where it’s suggested that matches—particularly marital ones—are made in heaven. The Talmudic rabbis proposed that a person’s marital partner is predestined. One well-known Talmudic passage from Sotah 2a illustrates this, stating that forty days before the formation of a child, a heavenly voice declares his or her future partner, asserting a celestial involvement in the most personal human relations.
Jewish philosophy often explores the tension between free will and divine foreordination, placing bashert at the heart of this inquiry. The discussion extends beyond marital context, examining whether events are meant to unfold in a specific way, reflecting a more profound, divinely orchestrated plan. This lends to a broader interpretation of bashert encompassing fateful encounters and pivotal life events, suggesting that everything happens for a reason, aligning with G‑d’s greater plan.
Key Takeaway: Bashert is deeply rooted in Jewish scripture and philosophy, indicating a belief in the preordained nature of significant life events, including but not limited to marriage.
Bashert in Modern Culture
Bashert has transcended its traditional roots to become a widely recognized and referenced concept in modern culture, especially within media and societal views, subtly influencing contemporary ideas of destiny and soulmates.
Media and Literature Influence
The notion of bashert has woven itself into the fabric of media and literature, acting as a narrative catalyst for tales of destined love and serendipitous encounters. Television shows and films often hinge on the idea of fated relationships, crafting plots around characters whose paths intertwine in a dance seemingly choreographed by destiny itself. This is exemplified in romantic comedies, where protagonists experience improbable coincidences leading to their true love, echoing the bashert concept. In literature, authors frequently employ bashert as a theme to explore deeper questions of fate and free will, threading it through the storylines in novels and poetry. A novel might describe a relationship as being divinely predestined, highlighting the bashert concept to provide narrative depth.
Key Takeaway: Media and literature often use the concept of bashert to explore themes of destiny and serendipity in romantic plots, illustrating the timelessness and cultural relevance of this notion.
Society’s perceptions of relationships and marriage have been subtly shaped by the bashert concept, with many individuals seeking a sense of destined connection with their partners. Within certain communities, there is a romanticized view that everyone has a bashert, or destined soulmate, shaping the way people approach relationships with hopeful expectations. This has also manifested in the language of personal ads and dating profiles, where terms like “looking for my bashert” signal a desire for a profound, preordained connection. Additionally, conversations around the idea of “The One” often parallel the bashert concept, suggesting that there is a perfect match waiting for each individual.
Key Takeaway: The concept of bashert influences societal perceptions of relationships, fostering a belief in divinely fated partners and shaping the discourse around finding “The One.”
Bashert and Personal Choice
Bashert intertwines the complex tapestry of destiny with the vibrant thread of personal choice, challenging individuals to navigate their paths within the framework of divine providence.
Free Will and Destiny
In the dance of life, free will and destiny often step on each other’s toes. Bashert represents a divine plan, but it doesn’t fence in human action. Humans grapple with life’s choices, feeling the tension between preordained plans and the freedom to choose. Consider the following insights:
The concept of bashert highlights a divine script, yet leaves room for personal improvisation.
Choices, while influenced by destiny, are ultimately crafted by the individual.
One must remember that while certain events may be seen as bashert, the free will to respond to these life happenings remains firmly in human hands.
Regarding relationships, bashert often pops up in conversations about finding the one. Here’s the scoop:
Individuals exert agency in whom they date or marry, reflecting their preferences, values, and goals.
Belief in bashert doesn’t diminish the significance of building healthy relationships through effort and compatibility.
Relationships are a journey, not just a destiny. They symbolize people’s power in creating connections that feel right, even if they believe in bashert. It’s a delicate balance — embracing the notion of a soulmate yet also putting in the work to nurture and grow loving relationships.
Key Takeaway: Bashert doesn’t negate choice; it invites one to find harmony between destiny’s flow and the ripples of personal decisions. | <urn:uuid:65201f0c-50f0-4b03-9c32-c69c48b05c35> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://onlysimchas.com/uncategorized/bashert-explained-understanding-your-destined-soulmate/ | 2024-10-09T06:36:13Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.920901 | 1,305 | 3.140625 | 3 |
Wanting to present the object of interest in his paintings in the fullness of his possible perspectives, Pablo Picasso began to combine several types of the same object in the image, depicting different points of view on him.
The artist tried to show things of the real world and people not only as the eye sees them, but also in forms accessible to the mind’s eye and reason. He began to divide his living and inanimate models into fragments resembling geometrical figures, tearing them, like a single sheet of paper, into irregular pieces, and then spontaneously connecting these angular “details”
In the order, which, in his opinion, to a greater extent expressed his own essence of the image. The perspective disappeared, the palette tends to monochrome, and although the original goal of cubism was to more accurately and convincingly than with traditional techniques to reproduce the content and shape of an object, the images in Picasso’s paintings sometimes turned into an incomprehensible mixture of various geometric elements.
The painting “A Woman Sitting in a Chair” was written in the second phase of the cubic period in the works of the famous Spanish painter. This work was made in the style of so-called analytical cubism, which he turned to in 1909. The artist turns the image into a fractional pattern of small geometric figures through which a pictorial motif peeks: in the center of the composition is a thin hand with long fingers.
In such canvases, the expressiveness of the newly created ornamental form and gradations of color, becoming a single tone, becomes very important. In this case, in the colorful range of paintings prevail gray-blue shades. | <urn:uuid:bb806b7d-2650-4f10-b016-e5b30fb29c8b> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://painting-planet.com/woman-sitting-in-a-chair-by-pablo-picasso/ | 2024-10-09T06:28:54Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.970561 | 345 | 3.5 | 4 |
The National Gallery of Art was conceived and given to the people of the United States by Andrew W. Mellon (1855–1937) and established in 1937. The mission of the National Gallery of Art is to serve the United States of America in a national role by preserving, collecting, exhibiting, and fostering the understanding of works of art at the highest possible museum and scholarly standards. Since opening to the public in 1941 and through the generosity of many benefactors, the National Gallery of Art has become one of the preeminent art museums in the world. The art collection focuses on Western art from the late medieval period to the present.
The Department of Image Collections of the National Gallery of Art Library is a study and research center for images of principally Western art and architecture and is one of the largest of its kind, numbering over 15 million photographs, slides, negatives, microforms, and digital images. The department serves the Gallery's staff, members of the Center for Advanced Study in the Visual Arts, visiting scholars, and qualified researchers.
With over 7.7 million photographs of works of art and architecture, ranging from daguerreotypes to copy prints, the nucleus of the collection (some 60,000 photographs) was formed with the purchase of the George M. Richter Archive in 1943 with funds donated by Solomon Guggenheim. Beginning in 1970 and continuing for thirty years, The Samuel H. Kress Foundation provided funding to build the collections through the acquisition of photographs from scholars, photographers, art dealers, universities, and museums. Particular areas of strength are in Italian, American, French, British, Netherlandish, Chinese, and Modern art and architecture. Information about our extensive rare and special collections can be found on the Department of Image Collections webpage at the link above. Access to the collection is provided through the Library’s online public catalogue where currently approximately 300,000 digital files can be viewed attached to records for individual artworks and buildings. | <urn:uuid:182731b8-5750-4e97-8cc9-cca626455a3e> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://pharosartresearch.org/national-gallery-art | 2024-10-09T06:33:38Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.940784 | 398 | 2.9375 | 3 |
The human soul is not the procession of any single individual; it is the ground of awareness that is the essence of the entire human experience. It is a field of pure knowing. At least that is what Ralph Waldo Emerson learned from Samuel Taylor Coleridge. Emerson used the term the Over-Soul to express this foundational consciousness that is the source of human awareness. In his own writing Emerson is true to the spirit of Coleridge’s vision of Reason.
We live in succession, in division, in parts, in particles. Meantime within man is the soul of the whole; the wise silence; the universal beauty, to which every part and particle is equally related; the eternal ONE. And this deep power in which we exist, and whose beatitude is all accessible to us, is not only self-sufficing and perfect in every hour, but the act of seeing and the thing seen, the seer and the spectacle, the subject and the object, are one. We see the world piece by piece, as the sun, the moon, the animal, the tree; but the whole, of which these are the shining parts, is the soul.
Emerson is describing a non-dual intelligence. Pure knowing in which seeing and seen, subject and object are one and the same. And he directly borrows from Coleridge when he writes, “We distinguish the announcements of the soul, its manifestations of its own nature, by the term Revelation.”
Emerson’s spiritual teaching he called Self-Reliance and the Self that he taught us to rely upon was not the ego or personality, but the big “S” Self or the Over-Soul. According to Emerson surrender to this deeper self is the birth of true human greatness and virtue.
What we commonly call man, the eating, drinking, planting, counting man, does not, as we know him, represent himself, but misrepresents himself. Him we do not respect, but the soul, whose organ he is, would he let it appear through his action, would make our knees bend. When it breathes through his intellect, it is genius; when it breathes through his will, it is virtue; when it flows through his affection, it is love
There is something else that I find in Emerson’s writing, something I do not seem to find in Coleridge’s magnificent book Aids to Reflection. In the line, “The soul looketh steadily forwards, creating a world before her, leaving worlds behind her.” Emerson implies that the soul is not merely the passive source of human knowledge, but a forward moving, world building force in the universe. In another passage Emerson describes how the soul advances.
The soul’s advances are not made by gradation, such as can be represented by motion in a straight line; but rather by ascension of state, such as can be represented by metamorphosis, — from the egg to the worm, from the worm to the fly. The growths of genius are of a certain total character, that does not advance the elect individual first over John, then Adam, then Richard, and give to each the pain of discovered inferiority,–but by every throe of growth the man expands there where he works, passing, at each pulsation, classes, populations, of men.
The advances of the Over-Soul as described by Emerson seem very similar to more modern ideas of evolution. Evolution does not take place linearly from one individual to the next. We mark the progress of evolution by leaps from one species to the next, or in the case of cultural evolution from one stage of culture to the next.
The soul is the field of pure knowing that is the foundation of human consciousness. Or, from my last post, the light spreading out in all directions prior to any being reflected back to be seen. It is pure intelligence without any object yet known. Emerson’s implication is that this pure knowing is evolving. The foundational intelligence of the universe is growing and evidence of that growth can be seen in the progress of evolution in the physical and living world. The soul evolves. | <urn:uuid:15c7b618-a05c-4fcf-b949-e2ec69054e80> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://philosophyisnotaluxury.com/2011/06/the-soul-evolves/ | 2024-10-09T06:40:13Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.961051 | 859 | 2.875 | 3 |
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Like most house plants, Pilea needs water and light to thrive. Light is essential for the process of photosynthesis as a source of energy, helping plants manufacture food for growth and survival.
So, how much sun does a Pilea need? In general, a Pilea plant needs less than 2 hours of sunlight. Pilea plant does well in dappled sunlight with shade through an upper canopy all day and deep shade, preferably less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight (Source: North Carolina State University)
Remember, when your Pilea absorbs light from where it is, it can grow faster because of enhanced energy. However, the type of light also affects your plant’s well-being, with Pilea thriving in bright indirect light rather than direct light.
If you have planted Pilea in your house, you may not change your house’s orientation to increase indirect sunlight on the plant leaves, but there are practical things you can do to help houseplants thrive.
In this piece, I will discuss Pilea’s light requirements and the best indoor light you can use if your house has limited indirect light. This information will help your Pilea thrive, not simply survive, so join in this journey and I will keep it lit!
If you are interested in exploring Pilea plant watering requirements, discover how often you should water a Pilea.
How Much Sun Does a Pilea Need?
When the Pilea plant grows in the wild, how much indirect sunlight do you think it receives? Generally, the plant thrives with approximately 12 to 16 hours of light; the same is true when you have planted it in the house. It is noteworthy that Pilea loves bright light; however, it does not perform well with direct sunlight because the leaves are susceptible to sunburn.
During the cold winter, when your house rarely receives sunlight, you may need to invest in additional light sources like grow light to supplement their needs.
Besides reading this article, I would advise you to join houseplants forums and see the suggestions your neighbors offer that have helped their plants thrive.
As you give your Pilea plant tons of bright light, you must ensure that direct sun rays do not hit the leaves, even for a short while.
What is Indirect Light?
You are probably wondering what indirect light needed by Pilea is. It is the light from the sun that hits an object or a surface before reaching your plant’s leaves. Indirect light does not cause sunburn on your plants.
If you see light rays on the floor near the window where your dog or pet lies to feel the warmth, do not place your Pilea pot in this location because it has direct sunlight.
If you doubt whether the plant is in direct or indirect light, place your hand or an object between the window and the plant and examine the resulting shadow. For example, if you see a shadow with intricate lines, the plant is accessing direct sun rays; however, if the shadow has soft edges, the area is getting indirect sunlight, and your Pilea plant will do well in the position.
How does direct sunlight affect Pilea plants? We know that direct sunlight can result in skin sunburn in humans. Similarly, if direct sunlight hits Pilea’s leave, it causes sunburn, with the symptoms being pale yellow spots on the edges of the leaves.
The severity of the marks can vary depending on the time it took in the direct sun. If it was for a brief moment, the yellow spots might vanish over time; however, if the plant took a long time in the direct sun, the yellow areas may always be visible on the leaves.
The beauty of plants is that when you move them to a more conducive environment, they will generate spotless new leaves.
Pilea Light Requirements
Depending on their wild growing conditions, different houseplants have different light level requirements. Some plants thrive in bright sunny areas, while others love low-light locations. Pilea falls somewhere in the middle, but the best position to place the plant is in the west or east-facing window.
If your window is east-facing, the sun will shine through it from early to mid-morning. The light exposure is mild during this time and is a perfect fit for Pilea peperomioides.
The west-facing window often utilizes the late afternoon and evening sunlight; however, sometimes, the sun can be a little in the evening, making the west-facing window second best for the Pilea plant.
The south and north-facing windows have limited light penetration; therefore, these windows are unsuitable for most house plants. However, if your windows are north and south-facing, you may consider investing in a table grow light to grow your Pilea plant there.
Another factor that determines Pilea’s light requirement is whether the light is filtered or not. Pilea plants do not love direct sunlight on their leaves since it can cause leaf burn. You can use sheer curtains on the window, thus preventing direct sunlight from directly shining on the plant.
Signs Showing Your Pilea Is Not Getting Adequate Light
You will see signs indicating that your Pilea plant is not absorbing enough sunlight, especially those on the north and south-facing windows or during winter.
You can remedy the situation by moving the plant to sunnier areas in the house or incorporating artificial light. But what are the signs of inadequate light for a Pilea plant?
1- Long legs with brittle stems
If you see your plant becoming leggy, you know it is not getting adequate sunlight. Lack of enough sunlight prompts the plant to grow tall as it stretches to reach light sources. In science, they call this etiolation.
A Pilea plant that lacks access to adequate light will have elongated droopy stems with sparely distributed leaves rather than the round shape we’ve come to love. The lack of bright, indirect light changes how this plant grows and utilizes the limited light available.
2- Small Leaves
Healthy Pilea plants often have large round leaves, but with little light, they produce small leaves.
All the energy is expended on stretching to gather light in a dimly lit area, leaving limited energy to develop the leaves.
3- Cupped Leaves
Although curling or cupping leaves may be a sign of overwatering, it could also indicate low light levels. If you are not overwatering your Pilea plant but see curling or cupping leaves, your Pilea plant may need more light.
In a bid to maximize the leaf surface area that can collect sunlight for photosynthesis, the plant curves its leaves.
4- Slow Growth
Pilea grows faster during the warmest months, while the plant goes dormant in the coldest seasons.
This plant experiences slow growth because limited light slows down the process of photosynthesis. So, if you see a plant not growing as you wished during winter, worry not; the plant is dormant.
However, if it is summer or spring and your Pilea plant is still experiencing stunted growth, it could signify the plant needs more lighting.
Best Indoor Lights For Pilea Plant
If your house lacks adequate lighting or it is during winter, you may need to invest in artificial lighting to feed your house plants.
You can use the four primary artificial lights to enhance plant growth, including fluorescent, incandescent, high-intensity, and light-emitting diodes.
1- Incandescent lights
Incandescent lights are not ideal for your Pilea plant since they are rich in red light but poor in blue light. Furthermore, they generate too much heat that can scorch Pilea’s leaves, but if you place them far away, you will reduce the light available for the plants.
Incandescent bulbs are also inefficient in generating light. Their lifespan of 1,000 hours is 10 times less than fluorescent tubes.
2- Fluorescent Tubes
They are considered one of the best artificial sources of light for house Pilea plants. This is because they efficiently convert electric energy into light than incandescent sources, making them less expensive to run.
Additionally, fluorescent tubes produce little heat that the Pilea plant can comfortably accommodate, and since they are available in different sizes and shapes, you can easily use them.
3- High-Intensity or Gas Discharge (HID) Lights
These lights are often used in greenhouses when you need supplementary light for the plants. This is because they can convert electric energy into light faster than incandescent sources and have a longer lifespan.
Nevertheless, high-Intensity lights emit lots of heat that may not be ideal for the Pilea plant. Furthermore, you may need lots of these lights, which makes them expensive to install for a few house plants. Finally, high-Intensity lights are unavailable in small wattages, making them unrealistic for home usage.
4- Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs)
These lighting options are extremely energy efficient and have long lives. You can customize them to produce the desired wavelengths for your Pilea plants.
Since light-emitting diodes emit little heat and do not require reflectors or ballasts, you can install them for your house plants during winter. You may have to pay more for LEDs than fluorescent tubes, but the cost is worth it.
Therefore, you can use fluorescent or LEDs to provide light to your house Pilea plants when natural light is limited.
Pilea plants need bright indirect lights to thrive in your house. You can get adequate lighting for your plants by placing them on the west or east-facing windows.
However, you want to remember that Pilea leaves are delicate and do not enjoy direct sunlight; therefore, ensure the windows have sheer curtains, or the plants are at a distance to absorb only indirect light. | <urn:uuid:be6a48cc-458b-46cf-b621-21af5ecdf1cb> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://plantsheaven.com/pilea-light-requirements/ | 2024-10-09T08:01:02Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.945616 | 2,086 | 3.296875 | 3 |
You don’t have to detect a particle to know that dark matter is real.
“You may hate gravity, but gravity doesn’t care.” –Clayton Christensen
In the 1970s, Vera Rubin’s observations showed galactic rotation was too quick at the outskirts for normal matter alone to explain.
But 40 years prior, Fritz Zwicky observed the motions of individual galaxies within clusters, and found the same effect.
Even as we’ve learned to observe gas, dust, plasma, failed stars and planets, normal matter only explains 15% of the gravitational signal we see.
The key to understanding gravitational observations arises from gravitational lensing, where mass bends the background starlight.
Under serendipitous configurations, background galaxies are deformed into arcs and multiple, distorted images.
This phenomenon — strong lensing — allows us to determine the total cluster mass.
Even without optimal configurations, weak gravitational lensing causes a well-defined distortion in the shape of background galaxies.
With numerous enough galaxy counts — obtainable anywhere with deep telescope observations — the total mass of any galaxy cluster can be reconstructed.
Consistently, about five times too much mass is needed compared to the existing normal matter.
Moreover, when galaxy clusters collide, mass reconstruction from weak lensing shows an inescapable separation from normal matter.
No alternative gravity theory explains all this. We need dark matter.
Mostly Mute Monday tells the story of a single astronomical phenomenon or object in mostly visuals, limited to no more than 200 words.
This post first appeared at Forbes, and is brought to you ad-free by our Patreon supporters. Comment on our forum, & buy our first book: Beyond The Galaxy! | <urn:uuid:37b505a1-4a1d-42c2-b61e-a3e516bac76c> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://preprod.bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/galaxy-clusters-prove-dark-matters-existence/ | 2024-10-09T07:42:18Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.86932 | 358 | 3.078125 | 3 |
Soon-to-be parents shouldn't expect their new baby to emerge from the womb with a perfectly smooth, round head. Infants come out with misshapen, elongated, and even swollen noggins all the time and it's completely normal. One of the most common birth conditions affecting babies is caput succedaneum, defined as swelling due to fluid collection between the skin and the layer of connective tissue above the skull. It can give the appearance of a puffy bump or "cap" on the infant's head.
A baby's head is, typically, disproportionately large for her body, and the plates of her skull aren't fused together yet. "That's by design so they can get through the birth canal," says Nicole Glynn, M.D., pediatrician with Getzwell Pediatrics in San Francisco and a member of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP).
Caput Succedaneum Causes and Treatment
During vaginal delivery, the flexible plates that form an infant's skull contract and overlap to help the baby squeeze through the cervical opening and into the birth canal. Pressure from the mother's dilated cervix or vaginal walls can cause the baby's head to swell. The use of forceps or suctioning are additional risk factors for caput succedaneum and can make the condition more pronounced.
This type of swelling can happen before labor too, according to the AAP, if the fetus "drops" well before birth, making head-first contact with the mother's pelvis. Likewise, the mother's water breaking early can have a similar effect, since the "water" (or amniotic fluid) is what normally cushions an infant's head against their mother's pelvic bones. For both of these reasons, even babies born via C-section can experience caput succedaneum, says Dr. Glynn.
There's no treatment for caput succedaneum and it's not dangerous—it typically clears up on its own. And while it may cause your baby slight discomfort, it does not cause severe pain, nor does it require any special care by parents. "When a baby has caput succedaneum, it's usually resolving by the time I see them for their first visit a few days after they're born," says Dr. Glynn.
Caput Succedaneum vs. Cephalohematoma
Caput succedaneum, by definition, is not a hematoma, or localized bleeding, but it can look a lot like cephalohematoma. This is another infant condition related to birth injuries, but unlike caput, it's characterized by internally broken capillaries and pooling of blood deep under the skin, closer to the skull. Cephalohematoma usually heals on its own, too, though it may take a few months to resolve completely.
One way to tell the difference between the two conditions is to draw an imaginary line from the center of your baby's forehead to the nape of her neck. Swelling that's caused by caput succedaneum will cross this "midline" between the right and left brain. Swelling that's attributed cephalohematoma does not cross the midline, says Dr. Glynn, but will be contained to one side of it.
What If Baby\’s Caput Succedaneum Is Not Going Away?
"It is very rare, but both caput succedaneum and cephalohematoma can become infected," says Dr. Glynn. Cephalohematoma, in particular, can "calcify and eventually ossify, or turn to bone," she says, and, sometimes, surgery is needed to remove an "ossified cephalohematoma."
Dr. Glynn recommends contacting your doctor if you notice increasing redness or lesions growing in size on your baby's scalp, or if your little one is lethargic, extremely irritable, or running a fever, which is "never normal in a baby," she says. | <urn:uuid:3d66bbd6-58cd-48d7-97ea-c5e04cbe53e2> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://rcip.top/2021/09/09/the-facts-on-caput-succedaneum-from-causes-to-treatment/ | 2024-10-09T07:33:25Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.955181 | 836 | 2.71875 | 3 |
Reading plateaus can be a frustrating experience for both children and parents.
When a child’s reading progress slows down or stops, it can be challenging to determine the underlying causes and find effective solutions.
In this blog post, we will explore the common factors that contribute to reading plateaus and provide practical strategies to help your child overcome these challenges.
Understanding Reading Plateaus
A reading plateau occurs when a child’s reading progress slows down or stops.
Numerous factors, such as the following, can cause this:
- Lack of Interest
A child may lose motivation to continue reading if the books don’t engage them. This lack of interest can be attributed to various factors, including:
- Mismatched Reading Material: The books may be too easy or too difficult for the child’s reading level, making them feel bored or frustrated.
- Lack of Relevance: The books may not align with the child’s interests or experiences, making them seem irrelevant or uninteresting.
- Negative associations: In the past, the child may have had negative experiences with reading, such as being forced to read or being teased for struggling.
To address this issue, it is important to find books that are engaging and relevant to your child’s interests. Encourage them to explore various genres and authors in order to find books that they enjoy.
- Difficulty with Text
The books may be too challenging, leading to frustration and a loss of confidence. When children are struggling to decode words, comprehend the text, or understand the meaning, it can be discouraging and lead to a loss of motivation.
To address this, ensure that the books your child is reading are at their appropriate reading level. To determine their reading level, you can use assessments or teacher observations.
If the books are too difficult, consider providing additional support, such as reading aloud or using simplified versions of the text.
- Reading Anxiety
Some children may experience anxiety or fear related to reading, which can impede their progress. This anxiety can show up in a variety of ways, including
- Fear of Failure: Children may fear that they will make mistakes or not understand the text.
- Social Anxiety: Children who struggle with reading may fear criticism or ridicule from others.
- Physical Symptoms: Reading anxiety can sometimes lead to physical symptoms, such as headaches, stomach aches, or difficulty concentrating.
To address reading anxiety, create a positive and supportive reading environment. Encourage your child to set achievable goals and celebrate their progress, no matter how small. If reading anxiety is severe, consider seeking professional help from a therapist or counselor.
- Underlying Learning Difficulties
In some cases, underlying learning difficulties, such as dyslexia, can contribute to reading plateaus. Dyslexia is a learning disorder that affects a person’s ability to read and spell. Children with dyslexia may struggle with decoding words, understanding the meaning of text, or remembering what they have read.
If you suspect your child may have dyslexia or another learning difficulty, it is important to seek professional evaluation and support. A specialist can help identify any underlying issues and provide appropriate interventions.
Recognizing and addressing reading plateaus is important to prevent further setbacks and maintain a positive attitude towards reading.
Assessing Reading Levels
Accurately assessing your child’s reading level is essential for identifying areas where they may be struggling. You can use standardized assessments, teacher observations, or informal assessments to determine their reading level.
Once you have a clear understanding of your child’s reading level, you can tailor your support accordingly.
Setting Realistic Goals
Setting achievable reading goals can help your child stay motivated and focused.
Begin with small, achievable goals and celebrate their progress, no matter how small. As your child’s reading skills improve, you may need to adjust their goals.
Providing Targeted Support
If your child is struggling with a particular aspect of reading, such as phonics, vocabulary, or comprehension, providing targeted support can help them overcome the challenge.
Identify areas of difficulty, offer extra practice, and consider seeking professional help if needed.
Engaging with Books
Making reading enjoyable and engaging is essential for overcoming reading plateaus.
Here are some tips:
- Choose Age-Appropriate Books: Ensure that the books you choose are at your child’s reading level and align with their interests.
- Create a Reading-Friendly Environment: Provide a comfortable and inviting space for your child to read.
- Read Aloud Together: Reading aloud can help your child develop a love of stories and improve their listening skills.
- Encourage Discussion: Discuss the books your child is reading to help them deepen their understanding and appreciation.
Addressing Reading Anxiety
Reading anxiety can be a major obstacle to progress. If your child is experiencing anxiety, creating a positive reading environment is crucial.
Making reading enjoyable and stress-free ensures that it is associated with positive experiences. Start with straightforward books that are well within your child’s reading level to build confidence and avoid frustration.
Celebrate every success, no matter how small, to reinforce positive associations with reading. If reading anxiety persists or becomes severe, consider seeking professional help from a therapist or counselor.
Speak to a Reading Expert
Understanding the causes of reading plateaus and implementing effective strategies can help your child overcome challenges and continue their reading journey.
Remember, patience, support, and encouragement are key to helping children develop a lifelong love of reading.
Is your child struggling to break through a reading plateau?
For personalized guidance and support, contact a reading professional at Read Smart.
Our experienced tutors can help your child overcome challenges, build confidence, and achieve their full potential. Contact us today to schedule a FREE reading evaluation. | <urn:uuid:cb280553-c5e3-4214-8809-7c8eee7f2b7c> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://readsmartlearning.com/how-to-help-kids-break-through-reading-plateaus/ | 2024-10-09T06:16:31Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.931615 | 1,197 | 3.3125 | 3 |
TL;DR: Today we’re going to finish up our very brief look at evolution. We took this little detour so that we could eventually talk about the neuropsychology of interaction with the common understanding that the way humans experience the world is ridiculously complicated. Most of us think that basic human senses like vision or hearing or taste or touch must be pretty straightforward, but none of them are.
When we left off last time we were discussing Mr. Darwin’s concern that the complex structure and functions of the human eye might disprove his theory of how evolution happens. The problem was that he couldn’t imagine how anything as complex as an eye would evolve, because that would require an eye to appear in stages. In other words, a partial eye would have to prove more useful than not having one at all, so that it could spread through the generations. Then that partial eye could stay in play long enough to eventually evolve into an increasingly useful eye, until we reach an eye that is fully functional.
If you’ve had similar concerns about evolution, please allow me to help ease your worries. The eye did evolve slowly, and a lot of evidence exists for intervening forms that appeared along the way. In fact, these days, those who study the eye use the ridiculous complexity and overlapping functions as a strong argument in favor of incremental evolution.
The evolution of the eye
The first life forms on earth appeared about 3.7 billion years ago. These were cyanobacteria. They exist now as fossils called stromatolites, but some of their direct descendants still live on, and we can study them in order to gain insights into their progenitors.
Some cyanobacteria developed the ability to absorb different frequencies of solar radiation at different rates. To use an overly simple analogy, it was beneficial to be able to be warmed by the infrared end of the sun’s spectrum of light without getting sunburned by the ultraviolet end.
Spots with greater sensitivity to light started to have a long-term effect on how life could express itself on earth long before the separation between plants and animals. In fact, it is now understood that the eyes of all modern creatures can be traced back to the small photosensitive spots that allowed some cyanobacteria to “lean towards the light” like sunflowers and sunbathers do today. For a detailed look at this (sorry), you could check out Dr. Russel D. Fernald’s very informative and nicely-illustrated article in the October 2006 issue of Science: “Casting a Genetic Light on the Evolution of Eyes.”
Some of you won’t take the time to read that, so let me sum it up here. The basic chemistry required for vision seems to have evolved several times. The basic structure of eyes that we usually think of – the kind you see in the mirror, if you are able to do so – evolved at least twice. The eye used by an octopus looks similar to yours or mine, but ours grew outwards from the nervous system, and theirs grew inwards from the skin. Cool, eh? Now don’t you want to read that paper? How do we get from patches of light-sensitive cells to complex modern eyes? We get there through a combination of small errors in gene replication and long periods of time.
Tornado in a junkyard
Now, some folks have said that thinking that a fully complete human could evolve by accident would be like believing that a tornado could pass through a junkyard and accidentally shape the scraps into a showroom-quality 1965 Jaguar XJ6. The worst flaw in that argument, ignoring many, many others, is that you’re working backwards from a perfect, high-performance, finished product. Humans are neither perfect, high-performance, nor finished. Our bodies are full of mistakes. We grow too many teeth for the size of our jaws. Babies are born too big to pass through the birth canal unless the two bones that make up the mother’s pubic symphysis dislocate. Feet, knees, hips, lower backs, and necks all degrade with normal everyday use because we are using them in a posture unlike the postures in which they evolved. Other animals can regrow heart cells, and many of them can regrow severed nerves and missing limbs. We can regrow a little bit of missing bone or skin and most of our liver, but not much else.
Some of the subsystems within our bodies are better than anything we can currently build, but they still have ridiculous flaws. The cartilage in our joints has incredibly low friction, but once torn, it heals poorly and slowly, if at all. Our brains are fantastic processing systems, but because they sit at the whip-end of our spines, many injuries to them come from crashing around inside the skulls that should be protecting them.
So, evolution has made many great components, but please don’t think that we are driving around in a high-performance machine.
Errors and time
We have about 37.2 trillion cells in our bodies, and each one grew from the division of other cells; that is, from the splitting and recombining of the DNA in other cells. Each cell has so much information in it that, even if the replication only makes one error in every billion steps of recombination, that would still result in about one error every time a cell splits. Most of these errors get lost in the crowd, but sometimes they’re significant. Sometimes they express themselves in a way that will make it easier or harder for us to survive and pass them on to the next generation. Right now, the average reader of this blog is walking around with about 100 personal mutations.
So our eyes aren’t the “organ of extreme perfection” that Mr. Darwin thought they were. They are the latest step in one path of trial by error that took about 4×105 generations to branch and evolve from something like the eye pit in an earthworm to something like the eyes that are reading these words. And it’s not just the eyes. By the same token, I hope you can infer that our ears aren’t perfect microphones. They are a weird mix of overlapping accidents that eventually combined to allow you to hear in a really foolish way. They are another complex means of translating information from the outside world around us into the inner world of our thoughts and feelings. The same is true of all of our other senses; smell, taste, balance, time, hunger, dehydration, acceleration, deceleration, and our many, many senses of touch.
What’s that? You’ve heard we only have 5 senses? Well, we’ll have to deal with that oversimplification another time.
What does this have to do with interaction?
What this means is that the reality we are all living in is actually virtual reality. When you smell a warm chocolate brownie in the oven, you are not smelling warmth or even chocolate. Your senses are giving you a wide variety of chemical signals, and some unconscious parts of your brain are working together to fit that chemical data into a story that the slower parts of your brain can understand.
Next time we’ll talk about how the whole body is an interface, and look at how these kinds of translations are fundamental for almost every single thing a human does. | <urn:uuid:30d4e123-9619-46cc-b114-205459e1b2d6> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://resources.experfy.com/software-ux-ui/evolutionary-neuroanatomy-2/ | 2024-10-09T05:56:19Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.964859 | 1,531 | 3.15625 | 3 |
Efficient business decisions with an accurate sense of business data helps in delivering better performance across products and services. This course helps you to leverage the popular Scala libraries and tools for performing core data analysis tasks with ease. The course begins with a quick overview of the building blocks of a standard data analysis process. You will learn to perform basic tasks like Extraction, Staging, Validation, Cleaning, and Shaping of datasets. You will later deep dive into the data exploration and visualization areas of the data analysis life cycle. You will make use of popular Scala libraries like Saddle, Breeze, Vegas, and Prediction for processing your datasets. You will learn statistical methods for deriving meaningful insights from data. You will also learn to create applications for Apache Spark 2.x on complex data analysis, in real-time. You will discover traditional machine learning techniques for doing data analysis. Furthermore, you will also be introduced to neural networks and deep learning from a data analysis standpoint. By the end of this course, you will be capable of handling large sets of structured and unstructured data, perform exploratory analysis, and building efficient Scala applications for discovering and delivering insights. | <urn:uuid:a8f108d2-0098-44b4-90b6-75e0f32c2eb9> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://skilldevelopers.com/courses/data-analysis-with-scala/ | 2024-10-09T07:45:02Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.910918 | 235 | 2.71875 | 3 |
Ron Totton, MD of SEA, BT Global Services looks at how governments should anchor security as a cornerstone of their smart cities roadmap through digital
The global trend towards urbanisation is forcing many cities to rethink how they operate. By 2030, the world is projected to have 41 mega-cities with 10 million inhabitants or more,1 placing increasing pressure on public transportation, hospitals, waste management systems, and power grids.
Smart cities of the future will need to be dynamic and constantly evolve to meet citizen expectations for high quality services and efficient systems, while ensuring sustainability for the future. Singapore is moving towards becoming the world’s first Smart Nation, set to improve the quality of life for individuals and drive business opportunities for enterprises.
In a smart city the proliferation of the Internet of Things (IoT) will improve connectivity between people and things to generate innovation, economic growth and social progress. In fact, research firm IDC predicts that there will be over 28 billion IoT devices installed by 2020.2
However, this rise in connectivity brings new security risks that could leave businesses, citizens and even communities within a smart city open to cyber-attacks, because IoT devices are not designed with security in mind. Any connected device that allows attackers to gain access to city infrastructure, such as the power grid, healthcare system, transport and water supply, is a potential security risk.
The devices typically deployed to run city infrastructure today have been placed on isolated networks to keep them safe. IoT poses a security risk that could leave businesses and consumers open to both digital and physical crimes. For example, smart cities will have smart building information management that can be potentially vulnerable as they allow infrastructure to be controlled remotely. This could lead to nuisance pranks, but it could also result in large-scale attacks.
What can be done to safeguard against potential smart city security risks? Focus needs to be placed on three core areas: preparation, processes and partnerships.
Governments and businesses need to be prepared with advanced security threat protection measures that detect threats, stop attacks to smart city systems before they happen, and proactively address security vulnerabilities.
They also need to consider security implications even at the initial stages of smart city solution conceptualisation and creation, not as a bolt-on after the product or service is launched. In the event of a security breach, governments need to prepare as they would for a natural disaster. They need emergency response teams to address the security incident, coordinate responses and share threat information with other cities.
Key processes and regulations need to be established for smart cities to be truly secure. Governments need to enforce standard security measures across networks, devices and services domains.
A monitoring system is also needed to continuously identify vulnerabilities and assess the evolving threat landscape based on real-time data capture and analysis. This can take the form of an ethical hacking centre or a threat intelligence service. Singapore’s newly set up Cyber Security Agency that oversees cyber security in ten critical sectors is an example of establishing effective processes to bridge potential cyber defence gaps.
A major part of a smart city roadmap involves increased collaboration between the public and private sector to develop smart city solutions. Therefore, it seems logical for governments and enterprises to work together to pool intelligence and share best practices in security.
By partnering with third party security providers, governments can gain access to specialist skills, experience and knowledge of the evolving threat landscape. In addition, collaboration between academia, government and industry will accelerate cyber and physical security research through to commercial application.
At a national level, security resilience needs to move to the forefront of smart city deployments. Special attention needs to be given to strengthening a city’s cyber defences to safeguard personal privacy and national security.
Governments need to ensure smart city solutions are safe to secure these areas, take the time to understand security systems and ensure they work effectively. Investment in preparation, processes and partnerships will be critical to enabling smart cities to withstand potential security risks.
2014 revision of the World Urbanisation Prospects by United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA)
IDC: Worldwide and Regional Internet of Things (IoT) 2014–2020 Forecast: A Virtuous Circle of Proven Value and Demand | <urn:uuid:34611400-98c1-4a0d-b79e-ec8c41b25f5d> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://spaceanddefense.io/securing-singapores-smart-nation/ | 2024-10-09T07:39:24Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.946359 | 850 | 2.84375 | 3 |
The reunification of Germany in 1990 after the fall of the Berlin wall is celebrated every year on 3 October. The promise of the time by Chancellor Helmut Kohl was to transform East Germany, a drab Soviet Union client state, home to 16 million people, into a ‘blooming landscape.’ With a further declaration to allay anxiety that a united Germany would become too powerful – “Germany will not go it alone, there will be no unilateral nationalism and no ‘restless Reich.” The first promise hasn’t quite materialised since the east still lags economically behind the west.
Looking back over Germany’s tumultuous 20th Century history, with two World Wars, a divided and then reunified country, what is noticeable is one of the key trigger points of the Germany country chart’s is the 8th house Pluto in Taurus. When the Berlin Wall fell in 1989 tr Pluto in Scorpio conjunct the Sun was opposition the Germany Pluto with the Solar Arc Neptune square the Pluto.
In the years running into World War 11 as Hitler’s power rose tr Uranus was conjunct the Germany 8th house Pluto; through the war years tr Saturn moved through the Germany 8th crossing over the Pluto creating blockages and setbacks. World War 1 had other factors at play although the transiting Uranus Jupiter midpoint in the grandstanding 5th house was exactly square the Pluto. So it is a highly sensitive point for Germany.
The other key directional indicator is the Germany Midheaven at 9 Cancer which was highlighted for both World Wars. Tr Pluto conjunct the MC for the start of WW1; Solar Arc Jupiter square the MC for WW11. And the other end of the Midheaven on the IC was spotlighted for the 1990 Reunification with the triple conjunction of Uranus, Neptune, Saturn in Capricorn moving across the base of the Germany chart.
The relevance of all of this for present day Germany is that tr Uranus will return to its 1938/39 position at 17 degrees Taurus to conjunct the Germany 8th house Pluto from June 2022 onwards. Life never repeats exactly but it will stir an archaic energy in the German psyche – as well in this instance as cause economic disruptions given the state of global trade, since the 8th house rules international finances as well as deeper transformations.
The triple conjunction of Saturn, Pluto, Jupiter has been moving through the Germany 4th house causing domestic unrest and pressure for change; with a hopes-dashed tr Neptune square Jupiter now till late January 2021, which may be partly covid-related.
Tr Pluto will start to oppose the Germany 10th house Uranus from late January 2021 onwards for two years for a forced change of direction. That again echoes the 1930s when tr Pluto in Cancer was conjunct the Uranus in 1934/35 just after Hitler was named Chancellor in 1933. With the key difference that this time tr Pluto is not moving through the power-hungry 10th but bringing domestic and internal challenges in the 4th. There is also upcoming a devastating Solar Arc Pluto opposition the Germany 7th house Neptune in 2023, suggesting differences with a neighbour.
Whatever the outcome it is a time of seismic change for Germany. Relations with the EU will be exceptionally confused through 2021/22 with tr Pluto conjunct the composite Neptune and highly uncertain in 2022 with tr Neptune square the composite Saturn. Relations with France, in days gone by the power-couple drivers of the EU, are bumpy and muddled this year into next spring; with the gulf widening precipitately in 2023/2024 as tr Uranus opposes the composite Sun and tr Pluto is in a high-risk, aggravated square to the composite Mars.
Germany’s relations with the other starter EU nations:
Italy – aggravated in 2020/21 and in a state of significant upheaval from mid 2021 onwards for three years.
Netherlands – disappointed and undermined in 2021; undergoing a radical shift in relations along with increasing pressure from 2021 to 2024.
Belgium – again 2023 to 2025 look to be the nadir years.
Luxembourg – much the same, undermined through 2021/22 and turned upside down thereafter.
All options are open but it will be into the melting pot, for sure.
The Germany/UK relationship chart isn’t that informative though 2022/23 will be discouraging and 2025 looks high-tension, unsettled and a turnaround in relations.
Add On: On the prospect of Bavaria splitting from Federal Germany – historical charts are always iffy but there appears to have been a significant moment on 16 September 1180 JC when the Wittelsbach dynasty that survived till 1918 took over as rulers. It gives a Libra Sun square Pluto in Cancer which clashes mightily with the Germany 1871 Saturn Sun opposition North Node Midheaven square Mars in Libra. Not much love lost there.
The Bavaria chart, if sound, is under exceptionally heavy pressure in 2021/22 with tr Pluto opposition the Saturn for a discouraging slog; and then in rebellious mood come 2023/24 with tr Pluto square the Uranus. The relationship chart with Germany 1871 again has the same separating influences come 2023/24 as some of the other relationship charts. | <urn:uuid:129b80cc-a6f8-4bb2-83d8-04ac404d37c8> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://star4cast.com/germany-in-for-seismic-changes/ | 2024-10-09T06:39:27Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.9438 | 1,083 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Steam is used in food processing for a variety of reasons from preparing product to cleaning equipment. Common uses of steam in food and beverage facilities include:
- Blanching product
- Rehydrating product
- Sterilizing equipment
- Steam-in-Place (SIP) to clean pipes
But not all steam is created equal — and there are new developments in steam technology happening all the time. In this post we’ll look at the types of steam used in food processing as well as one innovation known as dry steam.
The 3 types of steam in food processing
Steam used by food processors commonly falls into three broad categories:
1. Plant steam — Sometimes called utility steam, this type of steam is typically produced by a boiler and can be used in applications that do not involve contact with food product or with surfaces that contact food products (e.g., indirect heating).
2. Culinary steam — This is steam used for direct injection into product or to clean or sterilize product contact surfaces. Culinary steam typically contains additives that prevent corrosion and scaling within boilers, so it is often filtered before coming into contact with food product. Any additives in culinary steam must meet all applicable FDA and USDA requirements for human consumption.
3. Pure (or hygienic) steam — Pure steam does not contain any additives and is created by heating untreated water that is stored separately. Pure steam is often used to produce organic products that restrict usage of chemicals and additives.
It’s pretty clear when and how you should use ordinary plant steam, but when it comes to food contact, what steam should you use: culinary or pure? The majority of the steam used in the food industry is culinary steam, but there are instances in which pure steam is preferred or required.
Let’s examine the benefits and considerations that come with each.
Culinary steam vs. pure steam: benefits and considerations
Culinary steam is the standard in most food plants. It is food safe and can be used to blanch, rehydrate and sterilize food product. More than likely, culinary steam is the appropriate choice for your facility, but there are some considerations to keep in mind.
Benefits of culinary steam
- More economical in the long-term — Compared to producing pure steam, culinary steam requires less energy and water, meaning lower utility bills in the long run.
- Less costly upfront — Opting for culinary steam doesn’t require the big initial investment in a steam generator, saving you money upfront.
Considerations with culinary steam
- Not as hygienic — While culinary steam is food safe, it’s simply not going to be as hygienic as pure steam that doesn’t contain any chemicals or additives.
- Ongoing cost and maintenance — Since culinary steam is made from water containing additives, the steam is run through strainers and filters to remove as many of the impurities as possible before it is introduced to the product. These filters must be changed on a regular schedule; if they are neglected, an inspector can judge your steam quality below the requirements to be classified as culinary steam.
Pure steam — sometimes called hygienic or “clean” steam — is the most food-safe option available to food processors. Typically, processors who use pure steam are doing so to meet organic food standards.
There are two ways to produce pure steam:
1. Steam heating coil — This method involves utilizing steam from the plant boiler to heat coils that in turn heat the water they are submerged in. Much like boiling a pot of water on a stove, this container of water is heated until it changes phases and creates steam. Since the container is exposed to the atmosphere, not all of the steam can be contained, making this method somewhat inefficient. Plus, excess steam that escapes will eventually raise the humidity level in the building, which can create other issues like mold or bacterial growth and/or equipment rusting. This can be mitigated by properly venting the space where the system is located.
2. Steam generator — This method also involves heating a container with coils, but the water is contained in a sealed, pressurized tank rather than being open to the air. This is more efficient than a steam heating coil since the steam is contained and can’t escape.
Benefits of pure steam
- Increased food safety — Using pure steam improves the hygienic quality of your products and is as food safe as you can get when it comes to blanching and other steam-related processes. There is no risk of any chemical contamination because there are no additives in the water to begin with.
- Meet organic food standards — The majority of food processors that utilize pure steam do so to meet certain standards in order to label their products as “organic.” There are various ways to define and label food as organic, and each definition comes with its own standards. Since most organic foods require no introduction of chemicals or additives in processing, this almost always means pure steam must be used.
Considerations with pure steam
- Less efficient — Generating pure steam requires additional water and more electricity to heat the coils and power the process. This means increased usage and higher utility costs long-term.
- More expensive upfront — Complex equipment like steam generators are a big investment. While traditional culinary systems come with startup costs (pipes, strainers, valves, filters), it’s usually not as expensive as opting for a pure steam system.
Something else to consider is that choosing pure steam it isn’t an “all-or-nothing” decision. A facility can have several blanchers but only elect for a few to be equipped with pure steam capabilities. This allows plant owners to have flexibility in deciding how much money to invest based on their needs and organic SKU percentage.
How much pure steam capability you need — or whether you utilize pure steam at all — really depends on how much organic product you produce, if any. An experienced partner can help you make the best decision and calculate the right balance for your facility’s needs.
Dry steam: Not an oxymoron but a powerful cleaning innovation
The term “dry steam” may sound like a contradiction, but this new development in steam technology definitely has its uses. Dry steam cleaning systems produce vapor with as little as 5 percent moisture content.
Because of this, dry steam can be used safely and effectively around water-sensitive equipment, such as electronic controls. In fact, it can even be used safely inside most control panels. Given that nearly all food manufacturing machinery now incorporates some form of computer technology, dry steam is becoming more and more popular in food plants.
Even though it’s low on moisture, dry steam still does an excellent job of cleaning. It can be used on all kinds of surfaces, including small holes and crevices. It will blast away grease, oil, dirt and other residues or contaminants.
Another benefit of dry steam is that it leaves equipment ready for use almost immediately. There’s no downtime while waiting for the machinery to dry off from cleaning.
Finally, dry steam is safe to use around most chemicals (though you should obviously verify it will not interact with anything specifically used in your plant).
Full steam ahead: Assessing your options
There are many ways to use steam in your food manufacturing facility. What you choose will depend on your equipment, your product, and your existing systems. All of these must be assessed in order to find the best options your plant.
Want to learn more about steam’s role in food processing? Have questions about what options are right for your plant? Email me at [email protected] | <urn:uuid:396730a0-a9f1-486a-90bf-5c5131f0c46f> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://stellarfoodforthought.net/plant-steam-vs-culinary-steam-vs-pure-steam-what-food-manufacturers-need-to-know/ | 2024-10-09T07:58:04Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.960929 | 1,586 | 3 | 3 |
The counseling profession has developed tremendously over the years. As the world continues to become more technologically advanced, it has challenged the profession to do so as well. The Internet is commonly used in everyday life, anywhere from online shopping, online schooling, and now online counseling. It is known that counselors are guided through ethical and legal issues by the help of the ACA Code of Ethics (2014), professional literature, and any legal advice obtained from a lawyer. However, online counseling can widely fluctuate from face-to-face counseling, therefore, ethical and legal issues may look different, and need to be handled differently.
The ACA Code of Ethics (2014) includes a section specifically created for ethical online counseling and the use of technology in counseling. However, these are just a guide, the Internet opens up a whole new world for counselors and how to ethically practice through the use of technology. As the counseling profession continues to expand for the benefit of clients, it is important for counselors to constantly strive for competency.
Competency is a continuous learning process for counselors and when faced with new upcoming practices, such as online counseling, it is best to be proactive in learning about potential risks and benefits. Some legal and ethical issues can arise in online counseling and it is crucial to be prepared. We will be discussing a few of these areas that issues can arise, such as within informed consent, client verification and confidentiality, miscommunications and emergencies, and legal and jurisdiction implications.
Obtaining informed consent in counseling benefits the client and the counselor. The client is aware of important pieces of information like limits to confidentiality, billing arrangements, therapy styles of the counselor, time restrictions, etc. (Remley & Herlihy, 2016). The counselor is able to put most of the information that is questioned during counseling onto a document for the client to go over. This in turn, helps the counselor set boundaries so that they are practicing legally and ethically.
Informed consent in an online counseling relationship may be difficult to address. More concerns may need to be discussed when participating in online counseling as opposed to face-to-face counseling. Informed consent for online counseling needs to be detailed and referred back to often. Some concerns that may not arise in standard face-to-face counseling could include security, time zones, technical issues, and there could be a potential difference in billing or insurance (Ross, 2011).
Security breaches need to be discussed with clients when conducting online counseling. Most online counseling databases or programs used will have a strong protective security wall up to keep client confidentiality, however, networks and the Internet can still be hacked, and that needs to be made known to the client (Johnson, 2017). It is important to note that during informed consent it would be beneficial to the client that the counselor inform about the risks using online counseling (Johnson, 2017). The counselor should urge the client to find ways to improve their Internet security, especially if the client is worried about hackers or a breech in confidentiality (Johnson, 2017).
It is essential in a strictly online counseling relationship that time zones are addressed in informed consent (Ross, 2011). While this may not be a pressing matter when discussing informed consent with a client, it does serve to be of importance (Beel & Court, 1999). If time zones are different or ever become different, notification of the difference so that counseling sessions could be set up properly is needed (Ross, 2011).
Anytime technology is used there is always potential for problems and this needs to be included in the informed consent document. Specifically when this happens, the client has to be aware that any network or computer complications cannot be immediately fixed, and can sometimes result in loss of records or notes (Beel & Court, 1999). It is however the counselor’s responsibility to have a back up plan when time, and possibly money, are lost because of a disconnection or a technological issue (Harris & Birnbaum, 2015).
As far as billing and insurance for online counseling, many insurance companies will start to recognize and cover the practice of online counseling as research is beginning to show how effective it can be for clients (Ross, 2011). According to Ethical, Legal and Professional Issues in Counseling, “Behavioral Health Innovation (2014) reported that reimbursement of distance counseling has increased dramatically in the last few years,” (Remley & Herlihy, 2016). Discussing billing and insurance is normally included in face-to-face counseling, however, clients may have questions about if their online counseling sessions will be covered by their insurance, and if not, then they will need to know the cost of the service (Ross, 2011). Typically it is recommended to include price for online counseling on a website promoting the service (Ross, 2011).
Informed consent can be tricky when dealing with online counseling but it is necessary for the client to have a full understanding of the counseling relationship being created (Remley & Herlihy, 2016). Some more ethical issues that may arise in online counseling will be further discussed. The ACA Code of Ethics (2014) refers to informed consent and security for distance counseling, technology, and social media in section H.2 (American Counseling Association, 2014). H.2.a, H.2.b, H.2.c, and H.2.d discuss informed consent and disclosure, confidentiality maintained by the counselor, acknowledgement of limitations, and security (American Counseling Association, 2014). It is understood that a thorough informed consent when discussing online counseling with a client can assist in preventing ethical and legal issues (Kaplan, Wade, Conteh, & Martz, 2011).
Anonymity has been widely accepted and promoted when it comes to Internet use. Online games, chat rooms, and forms of social media all have ways to remain anonymous. This can create a potential ethical issue in online counseling. While it is possible for someone to seek face-to-face counseling using a false identity, the importance of client identity is continuing counseling sessions with the person who originally agreed to the informed consent (Kaplan, Wade, Conteh, & Martz, 2011). Client verification is a safety measure for both the client and the counselor. In the ACA Code of Ethics (2014) section H.3 states:
Counselors who engage in the use of distance counseling, technology, and/or social media to interact with clients take steps to verify the client’s identity at the beginning and throughout the therapeutic process. Verification can include, but is not limited to, using code words, numbers, graphics, or other nondescript identifiers, (American Counseling Association, 2014).
Verifying the client’s identity, location, and possibly an emergency contact may also be useful in an emergency situation such as suicidal risk, sexual abuse, or violence (Harris & Birnbaum, 2015). Otherwise, if we are unaware of the client’s identity or other useful information, and the client is being harmed, we have no way of getting them the help they need (Duplaga & Dzida, 2013).
Client confidentiality is extremely important in face-to-face counseling as well as in online counseling. As noted before, informed consent plays a large role in explaining confidentiality to clients who are participating in online counseling. Information can be transmitted in so many different ways and through different avenues (Beel & Court, 1999). Emails, texts, direct messages, and even live feed can all be intercepted or sent to the wrong person (Beel & Court, 1999). It is important that the client is aware of the confidentiality risks when engaging in online counseling. There is always the possibility that unintentional breeches of confidentiality happen, like leaving computer browsers open, public computers, or giving passwords to others, and clients should be reminded of these things (Johnson, 2017).
Professional counselors are constantly trying to protect client confidentiality, and when online counseling comes into play, there are always risks. Counselors should go through the appropriate measures to try to maintain client confidentiality, such as incorporating code words or using encryption software to communicate through (Kaplan, Wade, Conteh, & Martz, 2011). Even with all of these precautions, confidentiality for online counseling could still be broken, thus clients need to be aware so that ethical and legal issues do not arise.
Miscommunications happen all the time, especially through technology. Without the presence of facial expressions when communicating with someone, words may be understood in the wrong tone or context. This relates directly to online counseling because the face-to-face interaction is missing. Ethical issues may come about when working with a client in an online session because of a lack of nonverbal cues. Some researchers have expressed a problem with online counseling because nonverbal cues are seen as extremely crucial to counseling relationships (Ross, 2011).
Ethical issues may happen when either the counselor misinterprets what the client is saying or vise versa (Harris & Birnbaum, 2015). Assessing feelings is one of the roles of the counselor when in session with a client, and this may become difficult when there are no facial expressions or changes in body language to evaluate. Due to the lack of nonverbal cues or misunderstandings between client and counselor, the counselor also may misinterpret a clinical idea about the client and this could result in a misdiagnosis (Harris & Birnbaum, 2015).
Another issue with online counseling could be that crisis management is not as efficient when compared to face-to-face counseling. A perceived lack of empathy from the counselor to the client during an emergency situation may make matters worse (Harris & Birnbaum, 2015). Distance is a problem when discussing emergency care for a client because the client is not so easily accessible to the counselor. Most literature suggests obtaining the client’s location and a list of emergency contacts simply for safety precautions (Johnson, 2017). However, where the ethical and legal issues arise, is when the client is unwilling to give up this sort of information and a crisis does actually occur.
When faced with issues in counseling, considering the legality side of the issue is incredibly important. Online counseling can also be termed “distance counseling”, and the legal aspects of distance counseling definitely need to be discussed and reviewed. Currently, legal and jurisdiction issues in distance counseling are still being discussed and resolved by literature and state licensing boards (Remley & Herlihy, 2016). However, there has been some discussion about these issues up to date. The ACA Code of Ethics (2014) section H.1.b states:
Counselors who engage in the use of distance counseling, technology, and social media within their counseling practice understand that they may be subject to laws and regulations of both the counselor’s practicing location and the client’s place of residence. Counselors ensure that their clients are aware of pertinent legal rights and limitations governing the practice of counseling across state lines or international boundaries (American Counseling Association, 2014).
When a counselor chooses to engage in distance counseling, they are stepping into an unknown area of jurisdiction, and there is always the question if liability insurance will cover malpractice over state lines (Beel & Court, 1999). Most literature recommends that counselor’s stay within their state lines or jurisdiction, because when using distance counseling or online counseling, there is a verbatim copy or video of the interventions made between counselor and client (Johnson, 2017). When crossing jurisdictions or state lines, it is important to know where the server is located as well so that records may not be unknowingly given or owed to another jurisdiction (Johnson, 2017). “An example of this, a counselor located in Canada could be providing their services through a server located in the United States and unknowingly subject their records to the jurisdiction of American privacy laws,” as stated in E-Counselling: A Review of Practices and Ethical Considerations (Johnson, 2017). Thus, verbatim notes or records of counseling sessions could be pulled to a court case without the counselor or the client being aware (Johnson, 2017).
In addition, it is always important to check state licensure boards and laws pertaining to any kind of service provided to a client. It is stated in Ethical, Legal, and Professional Issues in Counseling:
Most state counseling boards require that the counselor who is rendering distance counseling services in the state be licensed in that state. After reviewing licensure board rules for professional counselors, marriage and family therapists, psychologists, and social workers, Haberstroh, Barney, Foster, and Duffey (2014) found no rules prohibiting distance counseling and determined that all of the reviewed professions’ rules were comparable in addressing online counseling (Remley & Herlihy, 2016).
In conclusion, online counseling is rapidly developing. As counselors, it is our job to continue to expand our competence as the profession grows. Even if online counseling seems like an area of the profession that may not be of interest, it is still important to learn about the process and the legal and ethical guidelines involved. At this point, it seems well received by most counselors and clients.
Many counselors are recognizing that online counseling could be very beneficial for their clients. The ethical and legal implications behind the practice are encouraging counselors to be thorough and careful when engaging in online counseling. In any counseling situation, online or face-to-face, ethical and legal dilemmas will arise. It is crucial for the counselor to be aware of these and to be prepared when they happen. Thus, online counseling may not be of interest to all counselors, but it is in the best interest for all counselors to be mindful of each of these areas discussed and more.
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Get help with your assignmentPlease check your inbox | <urn:uuid:cef32944-d8a1-4343-966a-8d74229324ec> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://studydriver.com/legal-and-ethical-issues-in-online-counseling/ | 2024-10-09T07:32:43Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.940988 | 2,815 | 2.578125 | 3 |
Strawberries are a great source of antioxidants and healthy vitamins. They’re also low in calories and have a slimming effect on your weight. And let’s not forget their sweet flavor! When you eat strawberries, you get all the nutrients they offer without the added calories. Some studies suggest that eating strawberries may help you lose weight. Let’s take a closer look at how strawberry consumption can help you stay healthy and fit.
What Are the Health Benefits of Strawberries?
Strawberries are a healthy food that has been shown to have many benefits. One of the most important benefits of strawberries is that they are high in antioxidants. These antioxidants help protect cells and molecules from damage, which can lead to diseases like cancer. Strawberry also has anti-inflammatory properties and helps improve your cholesterol levels.
When it comes to diet, strawberries are a great addition to your grocery list. They are low in calories and grams of sugar, so you can eat them as part of a healthy diet without feeling weighed down. Additionally, strawberries have dairy (a type of strawberry) that is high in fiber and Vidalista 60mg, which can help with digestion and overall health.
The health benefits of strawberries for your diet don’t stop there! They also contain potassium, magnesium, dietary fiber, Vitamin C, lutein, and zeaxanthin – all of which are beneficial for your eyesight and skin! Overall, eating strawberries as part of a healthy diet is one way to gain some good health benefits from them.
How to Get Start in the Health Benefits of Strawberries?
There are many different types of strawberries, so it’s important to choose the one that’s best for your diet and fitness. Choose a strawberry that is high in antioxidants, low in sugar, and has a good flavor. You can also enjoy strawberries as part of a healthy breakfast or snack.
Start Eating Strawberries.
If you’re new to eating strawberries, start by eating them fresh instead of processed. Processed strawberries have more sugars and additives than fresh strawberries, so they may not be as nutritious or delicious. If you do eat processed strawberries, make sure to add them to dishes with other vegetables or fruits to get the most benefit from their nutrients.
Get the Most of Your Strawberries.
Tomatoes are another great source of nutrition when eaten alongside fresh strawberries. Tomatoes contain lycopene, which is helpful for cancer prevention and fighting off infection. Fildena is also beneficial for overall health. And joint health because it helps reduce inflammation.
Tips for Enjoying the Health Benefits of Strawberries
If you’re looking to enjoy the health benefits of strawberries, it’s important to eat them regularly. By eating strawberries at every meal, you’ll get the most out of their nutritional value. In addition, by consuming strawberries as part of your diet and fitness routine, you’ll be able to reap the many health benefits that come with eating them.
Get the Most Out of Your Strawberries.
One way to get the most out of your strawberries is to embrace their natural flavors. To do this, cook them with a little bit of salt and pepper before eating them. Additionally, enjoy them in smoothies or other fruit-based dishes for added flavor and texture.
Use the Health Benefits of Strawberries to Improve Your Fitness.
Strawberries can also help improve your fitness level by providing energy and lasting endurance during training sessions. by using their duration and intensity when working out, you can boost your overall workout performance and lose weight at the same time!
Enjoying the health benefits of strawberries can be a great way to improve your health. Starting with choosing the right type of strawberry and eating them regularly, you can then enjoy all of the health benefits that they offer. Next, get the most out of your strawberries by using them to improve your fitness or wellness. Finally, learn how to enjoy the health benefits of strawberries even more by reading this guide and following our tips for enjoying them. | <urn:uuid:fa2814f6-359d-40a0-9617-49629d8c5f2d> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://targeted-medicine.com/the-health-benefits-of-strawberries-what-they-mean-for-your-diet-and-fitness/ | 2024-10-09T06:53:20Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.964318 | 828 | 3.03125 | 3 |
Douglas Tartan History
The Douglas clan name and family tartan have a history that dates back to one of the earliest tartan patterns recorded.
The Scottish clan of Douglas has deep Gaelic roots, and their family tartan dates back to some of the most original tartan patterns. The Douglas name itself is made up of two words; ‘Dubh’ meaning black and ‘glas’ meaning grey. These are the two main shades used in the clan tartan.
The first recorded use of the surname Douglas dates back to 1175, with the name William of Douglas signed as a witness to charters in the area we now know as Lanarkshire. However it was almost 150 years later that the most revered Douglas’ lived. During that period the house of Douglas had grown and expanded in regards to power, land and property.
This was largely due to the founding of the senior cadet branch of the Douglas family, and the great works of the Good Sir James. He was heralded as one of the greatest captains of Robert the Bruce, especially in regards to the War of Independence. It was after this war that the Good Sir James was knighted, and his family then alluded to as the Black Douglas family.
Next to Bruce and William Wallace, the Good Sir James is often thought of as one of the nation’s greatest patriots.
However it was not all a bed of roses when it came to the Douglas family and the monarchy in Scotland. In fact the not-so-good Earl James, the 7th Earl of Douglas, was both violent and not well liked. So much so, his son, the 8th Earl of Douglas was killed by King James II. This spiralled into accusations of treason on the Black Douglas family, so that their earldom and estates were completely wiped out.
This tumultuous history hasn’t really had too much effect on the original Douglas family tartan. The colours still allude to the surname, with black and grey making up the pattern. This simple two colour pattern is not unusual with tartans but the lack of bold colour such as a vibrant red or forest green is uncommon. | <urn:uuid:39d272c6-57f7-474a-bc52-3c572833f0b1> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://tartancarpets.com.au/clan-tartan-finder/douglas/ | 2024-10-09T06:54:00Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.981911 | 443 | 2.96875 | 3 |
Activating Learning by Milling to Music
Now here we are sharing Activating Learning by Milling to Music. Milling to music, also known as “active learning by milling,” is an educational technique that combines physical movement with music to engage students and enhance their learning experience. This approach is particularly popular in early childhood education and has been found to be effective in various settings.
Here’s how you can activate learning by milling to music:
Select Appropriate Music: Choose music that is upbeat and age-appropriate for your students. The tempo and style of the music should match the activity and the age group of the learners. You can use instrumental music or songs with lyrics, depending on the context.
Plan Learning Activities: Determine the learning objectives and content you want to cover through this activity. You can use milling to music for a variety of activities, such as brainstorming, problem-solving, concept exploration, or even just as a fun energizer.
Set Up the Space: Arrange the classroom or learning space to accommodate the physical movement of the students. Ensure there’s enough room for them to walk around comfortably without any obstacles.
Brief Students: Explain the activity to the students and let them know how the music will be used. You can let them know that they will be moving to the music and engaging in specific tasks during the activity.
Start the Music: Begin playing the selected music. You can control the music through a speaker system or a portable music player. Make sure the volume is appropriate for the space.
Engage in Learning Tasks: While the music is playing, have students engage in the learning tasks. These tasks can include group discussions, problem-solving activities, or exploring different learning stations. The movement should be purposeful and related to the learning objectives.
Monitor and Facilitate: As the students are milling around, observe their interactions and participation. You can provide guidance, answer questions, and facilitate discussions as needed.
Transition and Debrief: When it’s time to transition to the next phase of the lesson, gradually lower the volume of the music. Gather the students and debrief the activity, discussing what they learned and how it relates to the lesson.
Reflect and Apply: Encourage students to reflect on their experiences and connect them to the learning goals. Discuss how the activity relates to the topic being studied.
Assessment: Depending on the objectives of the activity, you can assess the student’s understanding through discussions, presentations, or written assignments.
Activating Learning by Milling to Music can be an effective way to engage students and create a dynamic learning environment. It promotes active participation, collaboration, and a sense of enjoyment in the learning process. Remember to adapt the approach to the age and needs of your students and be creative in how you integrate movement and music into your lessons. | <urn:uuid:6079e822-ead0-4d6f-b7d8-84def7cdc9d4> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://teacheducator.com/activating-learning-by-milling-to-music/ | 2024-10-09T06:10:32Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.952617 | 596 | 4.03125 | 4 |
A computer network relies on specialized devices called switches and routers. They connect and secure the devices on the network, and also act as dispatchers, determining the best paths to send data to and from different nodes. The router is also responsible for ensuring the security of information and avoiding outside threats. These computer networking services can help your business stay up and running. But what are the benefits of computer networking services? How do they work?
DNS is the Internet protocol that maps IP addresses to domain names. DNS is a widely used system that maps IP addresses to domain names. Domain names are much easier to remember than IP addresses, so you may want to use a domain name instead. Domain names are also commonly used for sharing files, and can be used to link different computers on the network. Likewise, directory services store information such as user names and passwords. In addition to the above, computer networking services also help you communicate and collaborate with others.
Computer networks help businesses keep their information, files and processes running smoothly. They also reduce errors and costs. Computer networking services include planning and implementation of a company’s network, back-up, email filtering, and IT guidance. It’s important to note that computer networks can become ineffective or even fail, and the worst-case scenario is that their entire network crashes, resulting in a significant business disruption. By working with a computer networking service provider, you can reduce the need for external resources and maximize your existing resources.
The network infrastructure plays a vital role in the functioning of any business. A properly-functioning network can keep your customers happy and maximize productivity. With computer networking services, you can enhance traffic, keep users happy, secure your network, and provision services quickly and easily. Gateway appliances offer enhanced security and control over network traffic. They also improve network performance. Gateway appliances help manage virtual and physical networks, routing multiple VLANs and firewalls. They also manage security and privacy, and enhance the transfer of data between private and public infrastructure.
Networking services are crucial for data sharing. Without them, an employee would have to print out a report and carry it around to his/her manager’s office, where she would transfer the data to his PC. Alternatively, the employee would send it via email back and forth, but this often resulted in misplaced or damaged files. Today, the network can keep copies of the same report or data and allow thousands of employees to access them.
Depending on the complexity of the network and the number of nodes, computers and users can be connected to other networks using networks. A local area network connects computers within the same building. Through this network, users can send and receive messages, send emails, and communicate via the internet. It makes business information transmission easier, cheaper, and more efficient. There are many benefits to computer networking services, and you may find that it suits your business needs. | <urn:uuid:7dec8e92-f42e-474c-85ce-8c13a48fccd7> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://techupgradenow.com/the-benefits-of-computer-networking-services/ | 2024-10-09T05:55:53Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.952516 | 590 | 2.65625 | 3 |
Gambling is a recreational activity that involves wagering money or something else of value on a game or event with the chance of winning a prize. It can be done in a casino, at the track or online. People gamble for a variety of reasons, but they usually do it with the goal of earning extra cash.
Problem gambling is a serious condition that affects more than two million Americans. It causes serious health, financial and relationship problems. It can also be a source of suicide.
Symptoms of gambling disorder may appear suddenly or over time. They are present in both adolescents and adults, and can cause harm to the individual, their family, and society.
A diagnosis of gambling disorder is made by a mental health professional. Most professionals use the criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), which is published by the American Psychiatric Association.
Signs and symptoms of gambling disorder include: Experiencing financial or other problems due to excessive gambling, including credit card debt, homelessness, job loss and divorce. Repeated unsuccessful efforts to control, cut back or stop gambling. Frequent thoughts about gambling, such as reliving past gambling or planning future gambling.
You may also have trouble controlling your spending, especially when you have a significant amount of money on hand. You’re impulsive about your spending habits and lose control of your budget. Getting help for your gambling problems can prevent or reduce these problems.
Age, gender and other factors can make someone more susceptible to problem gambling. For example, men tend to gamble more than women, and they have a higher risk of developing compulsive gambling. Younger individuals also tend to have more severe gambling problems than older adults.
Your environment and your social life can also influence your gambling behavior. If you live near a large casino, are exposed to a lot of gambling opportunities or have poor gambling coping skills, you may be more likely to develop a problem with gambling.
If you are a gambler, consider seeking help from a licensed counselor or addiction specialist. These professionals can help you identify the root of your problem and recommend a treatment plan. You may also want to join a support group, such as Gamblers Anonymous. This 12-step program is patterned after Alcoholics Anonymous and offers a wide range of resources to help you get through the difficult times in your recovery.
Identify your gambling triggers and avoid them as much as possible. You’ll need to find ways to deter your urges to gamble, like putting away all of your credit cards or taking out only a small amount of money at a time. You can also postpone your gambling urges by telling yourself that you’ll wait 5 minutes, 15 minutes or an hour before giving in to your craving.
You can also try a relaxation exercise or take a walk when you feel the urge to gamble. These relaxation exercises will relax your mind, help you think clearly and stop you from gambling. | <urn:uuid:9fd4c92f-351f-490a-a1e2-b49d7167186d> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://texastrap.com/signs-and-symptoms-of-gambling-disorder/ | 2024-10-09T06:53:31Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.955985 | 597 | 2.625 | 3 |
There’s a significant transformation happening in healthcare systems around the world as nations respond to the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. You may be curious about how these changes affect your access to medical services and the overall quality of care you can expect in the future. From digital health innovations to policy reforms, countries are rethinking their healthcare strategies to better prepare for future crises and improve patient outcomes. In this post, you will learn how various nations are reshaping their health systems in the aftermath of COVID-19.
- Investment in Technology: Nations are prioritizing the integration of digital health technologies to enhance patient care and streamline healthcare delivery systems.
- Emphasis on Mental Health: There is a growing focus on addressing mental health issues that have surged during the pandemic, leading to improved access and resources for mental health support.
- Healthcare Equity: Countries are striving to achieve greater equity in healthcare access, ensuring vulnerable populations receive adequate care and resources post-pandemic.
Global Health System Challenges
Inequity in Healthcare Access
The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored and intensified the existing inequities in healthcare access and outcomes, disproportionately impacting vulnerable populations. For instance, marginalized communities and low-income individuals often found themselves at a greater risk of severe illness and death due to a lack of timely medical intervention and resources. In the United States, it was noted that Black and Latino individuals suffered higher mortality rates from COVID-19, exposing longstanding disparities in health access and socioeconomic determinants of health. (The Biden administration’s American Rescue Plan includes funding aimed at addressing these disparities and improving healthcare for underserved populations.)
Between countries, the variations in healthcare systems also affected how populations coped with the pandemic. In many low-income countries, the inability to access vaccines and treatments left millions vulnerable. For example, during the initial vaccine rollout, African nations experienced significant delays compared to wealthier countries, leading to a stark contrast in vaccination rates and COVID-19 outcomes. This has sparked a global discussion around equitable distribution of medical resources and ensuring that future healthcare systems are built on an inclusive foundation. (The World Health Organization (WHO) has launched initiatives to promote equitable access to vaccines and healthcare services on a global scale.)
Strain on Healthcare Resources
The pandemic placed unprecedented strain on healthcare resources, as the surge in COVID-19 cases created an overwhelming demand for services. Many hospitals reached or exceeded capacity, leading to increased rates of burnout among healthcare personnel. For example, in Italy, the emergency response saw some hospitals running at 150% capacity during peak waves, while nurses and doctors faced grueling shifts that tested their limits. Statistics indicate that many countries, including the UK and India, reported shortages of personal protective equipment (PPE) and ventilators, complicating care delivery. (Health authorities worldwide have recognized the need for improved supply chain strategies as a vital decision to prepare for future health emergencies.)
The pressure on healthcare systems was not just statistical; it was a lived experience for patients who faced delayed treatments for non-COVID medical conditions. Elective surgeries were postponed, and routine healthcare appointments were canceled, leading to concerns over worsening conditions among patients with chronic illnesses. Countries like Brazil faced the brunt of this overload, where COVID-19 had a ripple effect on care for heart disease and diabetes patients, causing preventable complications. (The prioritization of maintaining healthcare services alongside pandemic response efforts has emerged as a key strategy for governments moving forward.)
Consequently, policymakers around the globe have recognized the urgency to revamp health systems and enhance their resilience against future threats. Integral to this mission is addressing the supply chain vulnerabilities that became evident during the pandemic. Investment in healthcare infrastructure, workforce development, and prioritizing mental health care for frontline workers is vital for achieving sustainable health systems. (Recognizing these challenges, various nations are now reconsidering their healthcare strategies, with many prioritizing systems that enable flexibility and rapid response in times of crisis.)
Innovations in Telehealth
Expansion of Telemedicine
Clearly, the pandemic has propelled telehealth services into the spotlight as a necessary alternative amidst social distancing protocols. You have likely noticed the significant uptick in the availability of virtual consultations, which not only helped alleviate the burden on healthcare facilities but also allowed patients to access care safely from their homes. Technological advancements such as secure video conferencing, mobile health applications, and electronic prescriptions facilitated this rapid shift, while regulatory changes provided much-needed flexibility regarding reimbursement models and service delivery. (In 2021, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services expanded coverage for telehealth services, marking a significant milestone in telemedicine’s acceptance.)
Patient Engagement and Virtual Care
Around the world, virtual care technologies have reshaped the way you interact with healthcare providers, leading to better health outcomes and more efficient use of resources. These innovative platforms are designed to enhance patient engagement through user-friendly interfaces, real-time monitoring, and personalized health assessments. For example, health systems like the Cleveland Clinic have implemented telemonitoring programs for chronic disease management, which have resulted in a noticeable decrease in hospital readmission rates and increased patient satisfaction. (A recent study found that telehealth can reduce healthcare costs while improving patient engagement and adherence to treatment plans.)
The success stories don’t stop there. Other healthcare organizations have utilized chatbots and AI-driven platforms to streamline appointment scheduling and answer patients’ questions promptly, allowing healthcare providers to focus more on complex cases. The integration of these technologies not only makes it easier for you to engage in your healthcare journey but also enhances the overall quality of the services you receive. (Increasing investments in digital health tools mark a turning point for how you will engage with your healthcare system moving forward.)
Care has shifted towards prioritizing patient engagement through technology, enabling a more collaborative approach to health management. The emergence of wearable devices has allowed you to keep track of vital statistics, empowering you to take a proactive role in your healthcare. With remote monitoring tools, your doctor can assess your health in real-time, making timely interventions more feasible than ever. (The U.S. Food and Drug Administration recently approved a series of digital tools aimed at enhancing remote patient monitoring.)
Strengthening Public Health Infrastructure
Once again, the COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the imperative for nations to strengthen their public health infrastructure. Countries worldwide are investing in their healthcare systems, recognizing that a robust public health framework is crucial for effectively managing current challenges and mitigating future health crises. This commitment involves a multi-faceted approach, including better training for healthcare professionals, increasing the stockpile of medical supplies, and enhancing logistics for distribution during emergencies. For instance, nations such as Germany and South Korea have initiated reforms aimed at improving their public health systems through increased funding and policy changes that prioritize preparedness.
Investment in Preventive Care
Care providers are now placing a significant emphasis on preventive care as a cornerstone of their health systems, which aims to avert future health crises by focusing on early detection and intervention. Countries like the United States and Canada have ramped up funding for preventive health programs, such as vaccinations, screenings, and public health campaigns that encourage healthier lifestyles. These investments are designed to create a paradigm shift in public health, so rather than reactively addressing health issues, they proactively prevent them. (In a landmark decision, the U.S. Congress allocated more than $1 billion to bolster preventive care initiatives over the next five years.)
Integration of Data and Technology
Below, you will find that there is a growing commitment to enhancing data-sharing and interoperability among public health entities. Real-time data management has become increasingly vital in navigating health crises, allowing for quicker decision-making that can save lives. Countries like Australia and Singapore have implemented advanced data integration technology to streamline communication between various health organizations. By harnessing the power of big data, these nations can generate actionable insights and respond to health threats more swiftly. (A notable policy advancement includes the establishment of a global health data-sharing initiative among G20 countries aimed at improving data interoperability.)
Infrastructure for data-sharing establishes a foundation that enables your public health system to remain agile and responsive. As nations advance in their technological infrastructure, the potential for improved health outcomes grows exponentially. Integration of public health data fosters collaboration and coordination among public health officials, ultimately leading to more effective responses during health crises. (The recent passing of data protection reforms also aims to facilitate better data sharing while maintaining privacy standards.)
Strengthening public health infrastructure not only fortifies your health systems against current challenges but also gears them towards a more resilient future. As nations work to enhance their preventive care and data integration measures, the collective aim remains clear: to ensure that your healthcare systems are prepared for whatever lies ahead.
Global Collaboration and Policy Changes
Unlike previous health crises, the COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the necessity of global collaboration to enhance healthcare systems. Countries around the world have recognized that working together can lead to improved health outcomes, especially in addressing public health emergencies. International health partnerships have emerged as key players in this collaborative approach, allowing nations to share resources, knowledge, and strategies to strengthen their health systems. An example of such successful partnerships is the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI), which has played a pivotal role in vaccine development and distribution during the pandemic. (The Global Health Summit in 2021 highlighted the importance of these partnerships in reinforcing healthcare infrastructure.)
International Health Partnerships
Before the pandemic, international health partnerships were often seen as supplementary; however, their value became increasingly evident as countries grappled with the unprecedented challenges posed by COVID-19. Collaborations, such as those fostered by the World Health Organization (WHO), have allowed nations to share best practices and respond rapidly to health crises. Effective models of collaboration have included joint research initiatives, coordinated responses to vaccine distribution, and partnerships between governments and non-governmental organizations to enhance healthcare access. (The establishment of initiatives like COVAX was a significant decision aimed at ensuring equitable vaccine access worldwide.)
An necessary aspect of overhauling health systems in the post-COVID landscape involves regulatory reforms that streamline healthcare delivery and enhance responsiveness. Various nations enacted emergency measures during the pandemic to accelerate the approval process for vaccines and treatments, adjust licensure requirements for healthcare professionals, and expand telehealth services. These reforms not only enabled quicker responses to the crisis but have also laid the groundwork for a more agile healthcare system moving forward. (Legislation in the United States, for instance, expanded telehealth coverage to facilitate continued access to care.)
To further support these reforms, many countries are evaluating the long-term implications of the measures they implemented during the pandemic. Streamlined processes that were initially temporary are now being considered for permanence, especially in areas like telemedicine, which has vastly improved access for underserved populations. Enhanced regulatory frameworks ensure that healthcare systems can adapt to future challenges while providing patients with timely and effective care. (The WHO has urged countries to adopt these innovative regulatory practices as part of their permanent health policies.)
Mental Health Considerations
After the COVID-19 pandemic swept across the globe, it became increasingly clear that mental health issues were no longer sidelined in healthcare discussions. You likely noticed an uptick in conversations surrounding mental wellness as people struggled with anxiety, depression, and the impact of social isolation. The collective trauma experienced during the pandemic prompted nations to reevaluate their mental health policies and support systems, resulting in a concerted effort to enhance and prioritize mental health services. You may find that this shift has led to more funding, increased awareness, and a broader understanding of the importance of mental health in achieving overall wellness and public health.
Rise in Mental Health Awareness
Considerations in mental health have shown a marked rise in public awareness, compelling governments to adopt comprehensive frameworks to address emotional and psychological well-being. Your community may have already experienced or observed initiatives designed to destigmatize mental health issues, aiming to cultivate a culture where individuals feel safe seeking help. With mental health emerging as a key aspect of healthcare, countries are not only recognizing the immense pressure their populations faced during this crisis but are also actively working toward reducing barriers to accessing mental health support. (The establishment of mental health hotlines and outreach programs is a significant step in this direction.)
Integration of Mental Health Services
On the frontlines of healthcare, an increasing number of nations are focusing on the integration of mental health services within primary care settings. You might be aware that this approach aims to tackle stigma and improve access to mental health treatment by normalizing these services as part of routine healthcare. By embedding mental health professionals within primary care environments, patients can receive comprehensive care that addresses both physical and mental health needs concurrently. (A vital decision in this integration process involves training primary care providers to identify and manage mental health concerns effectively.)
Hence, the push for integrated mental health services is gaining momentum, allowing you and others in your community to access care more easily. Many primary care facilities now offer mental health consultations, screenings, and referrals alongside physical health services. This model not only helps reduce the stigma surrounding mental health but also addresses accessibility challenges that individuals may face in seeking dedicated mental health treatment. (The commitment to develop more training programs for primary care providers signals a transformative shift in the way mental health is perceived and managed in healthcare systems.)
Workforce Development in Healthcare
For many nations, a strong healthcare workforce has become imperative as they respond to the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Retaining healthcare professionals is now at the forefront of government initiatives, which have rolled out comprehensive programs designed to train and maintain a robust workforce. These initiatives often include scholarships for medical education, financial incentives for those entering the field, and supportive systems aimed at career development and job satisfaction. By investing in the next generation of healthcare workers, your nation can develop a sustainable workforce capable of meeting future demands.
Training and Retaining Healthcare Professionals
Retaining professionals within the healthcare sector requires not only comprehensive training programs but also a commitment to their ongoing education and career advancement. Many countries are implementing mentorship schemes and continuing education opportunities to ensure healthcare workers can develop their skills and adapt to evolving practices. Additionally, attractive incentives such as loan forgiveness programs and relocation bonuses are being introduced to encourage professionals to remain in their communities, ultimately contributing to a more stable healthcare environment.
Enhancing Professional Wellbeing
Across the globe, healthcare systems are acknowledging the need to improve the wellbeing of their professionals to combat the high rates of burnout and stress brought about by the pandemic. Policies focused on mental health resources, flexible working arrangements, and adequate support mechanisms are now being implemented in various countries to ensure that healthcare workers feel valued and supported. This increased focus on wellbeing not only enhances job satisfaction but also leads to better patient outcomes, emphasizing that the health of healthcare professionals is linked to the quality of care provided in your system. (An important decision in this respect has been the allocation of funds for mental health services specifically aimed at healthcare workers.)
Considering the pressures faced by healthcare professionals, your nation must prioritize these wellbeing initiatives more than ever. Countries implementing policies to facilitate regular mental health check-ins, peer support groups, and stress management programs can help mitigate burnout and promote a healthier work-life balance. By fostering an environment where healthcare workers feel supported, you can help build a resilient workforce capable of effectively responding to future healthcare challenges. (A significant policy decision has been the requirement for healthcare institutions to adopt structured wellbeing programs tailored for their staff.)
So, as you navigate the evolving landscape of post-COVID healthcare, it’s crucial to recognize that nations worldwide are not simply adapting but are actively overhauling their health systems to be more resilient and equitable. You can expect to see innovative solutions being rolled out, focusing on digital health technologies, better resource allocation, and an increased emphasis on mental health. These changes aim to ensure that healthcare systems can withstand future crises while providing better care for all individuals, regardless of their socioeconomic status.
In this new era of healthcare, your role as a patient or a stakeholder is more interactive than ever. You have the opportunity to engage with these advancements, advocate for your health needs, and contribute to the ongoing dialogue about what effective healthcare should look like in the future. As countries reshape their health frameworks, your voice can play a pivotal role in steering these discussions towards more inclusive and sustainable practices, ultimately benefiting society at large.
Q: What specific changes are nations implementing in their healthcare systems in response to the COVID-19 pandemic?
A: Countries are focusing on several key areas for reform. Many are enhancing their digital health infrastructures, allowing for telemedicine to become a standard part of care. This transition not only improves accessibility for patients but also streamlines healthcare delivery. Additionally, there is an increased investment in public health systems to better prepare for future pandemics, including improved disease surveillance and greater stockpiling of imperative medical supplies. Finally, many governments are prioritizing mental health services, recognizing the significant impact of the pandemic on mental well-being.
Q: How is the pandemic influencing health equity initiatives within nations?
A: The COVID-19 crisis highlighted disparities in healthcare access and outcomes among different populations. In response, many nations are re-evaluating their health policies to prioritize equity. This includes targeted outreach and resources for marginalized communities, addressing social determinants of health like housing and income, and implementing policies that aim to reduce barriers to care. Governments are also engaging with community organizations to ensure that health services meet the unique needs of diverse populations.
Q: What role does technology play in post-COVID healthcare reforms?
A: Technology has become a central pillar in the overhaul of healthcare systems following COVID-19. The use of electronic health records (EHRs) has been expanded to facilitate better data sharing among providers, enhancing care coordination. Additionally, countries are investing in artificial intelligence and machine learning to improve diagnostics and treatment pathways. Mobile health applications are also being developed to empower patients to manage their health more effectively, promoting self-care and adherence to treatment plans. Overall, technological advancements are integral to creating more efficient, accessible, and patient-centered health services in the post-pandemic era.
Mad Morgan is a dynamic freelance writer, social media creator, and podcast host with a passionate commitment to advocacy and social justice. As an author, Mad Morgan has been a steadfast champion for the people, consistently defending integrity, supporting the weak, and advocating for what is right. They are deeply committed to environmental protection and tirelessly work towards envisioning a better future for humanity. Despite their extensive expertise and contributions, Mad Morgan is currently unemployed and actively seeking opportunities and gigs across all related fields. | <urn:uuid:a1ecd978-5326-4279-9394-4474094971df> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://themadmorgan.com/2024/09/13/postcovid-healthcare-nations-overhauling-health-systems/ | 2024-10-09T06:55:38Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.94859 | 3,848 | 3.15625 | 3 |
By Evelyn Fernandez-Jarvis
Were you aware of the progression women had to make to have their work published and respected?
Well, I recently became aware during a trip to the National Portrait Gallery in London. For centuries women have been striving to get their work, not only, published but respected. Women were only allowed to publish their own work properly in the late 19th century; however, their work did not have as large an impact as their male counterparts because women’s work was not taken as seriously by society.
Once I started looking around, I was overwhelmed by women who had made drastic impacts on literature and published their work under pseudonyms to make sure it was received on an even playing field. A well-known example being Mary Ann Evans (1857-1911... | <urn:uuid:a612086d-35c7-4e03-8d91-735795647387> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://theorbital.co.uk/tag/history/ | 2024-10-09T06:48:46Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.995833 | 163 | 2.75 | 3 |
How to teach your child to ride a bike, what Gentle Parenting may be neglecting, and the benefits of fidgeting for neurodiverse children.
Our selection of thought-provoking and useful resources from around the web on educating and raising children, and supporting families.
How to teach your child to ride a bike
(Mike Holroyd, Active for Life)
Remember learning to ride your bike? The first time you realised you were doing it all on your own? Were you set atop a steep hill and let go, or were you pushed around on a grassy field until you got the hang of it all?
‘Riding a bike can be one of the most freeing activities,’ writes the author. ‘It’s almost magical how you can balance on two skinny wheels, do amazing things, and go amazing places.’
The author shares some of the current best practices on how to raise a bike-loving, skilled rider.
From balance bikes to what training wheels do, to choosing their first bike, this article will help you and your child enjoy the process of learning to ride.
Read the full articleThe harsh realm of 'Gentle Parenting'
(Jessica Winter, The New Yorker)
This article reviews another book on ‘Gentle Parenting’, an approach that puts the child first. It’s an understanding that a child doesn’t defy to be defiant; instead, it’s a physiological response to a situation and shouldn’t be corrected.
This style is open to interpretation, the writer notes. And the term is also interchangeable – think respectful, mindful and intentional parenting.
While the author does not discount the approach – she credits these styles for helping her change how she speaks to her children – she does wonder what may be neglected. What about the impact on siblings or the other parent?
Pondering the way previous generations like to blame their shortcomings on how they were raised, the author writes, ‘… perhaps a new generation can anticipate blaming their high rates of depression and anxiety on the overvalidation and undercorrection native to gentle parenting.’
Read the full articleHow changing attitudes to fidgeting are helping neurodiverse children succeed at school
(Alicia Bridges and Christine Layton, ABC Radio)
This article begins with a mother, Lara Silbert, sharing how her 7-year-old daughter was told off for playing with an eraser during class. ‘It feels like a bit of an old-fashioned attitude given what we do know now,’ Lara says.
As the authors explain in the article, perceptions around fidgeting are changing as awareness spreads about the benefits it can have for neurodiverse children.
Perth ADHD specialist Dr Michele Toner says there is evidence to show that fidgeting can help anyone, not just neurodiverse people.
‘I think in the bad old days, before we came to realise that the world takes all types of brains and bodies to be wonderful, we just had this idea [that] if you were listening you had to be sitting still,’ Dr Toner told ABC Radio Perth.
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The black writers of the past are an important part of literature. They’ve had the ability to write on a broad range of topics, and it is easy to locate an author whose work appeals to the reader. Toni Morrison and Jacqueline Woodson are some of the most prominent black authors.
During the Civil Rights era, African-American writers found new ways to address and discuss questions pertaining to Black cultural. The writing legacy from that time can serve as a useful tool for expanding one’s horizons as well as increasing one’s knowledge of the connection that is Africa. African community.
A genre of literature that studies modern Black literature is called Diaspora literary works by Black authors. This segment is focused on Black authors with African heritage.
Authors of African descent often discuss their experiences as African immigrants to those of their American peers. The authors often discuss the legacy that racism has left in the United States as well as slavery. This isn’t the only type of Afrodiasporic Literature.
Contemporary Afrodiasporic writing is marked by an imaginative and inclusive view of Africa. It also exposes the absurdities of humankind. Although it might be pertinent to society or culture, it is not always imaginative. Many critics claim that it’s Westernized, and that it fails to understand the reality of the life in Africa. Some others say that it reveals deep-rooted colonising pattern.
The first literature from Africa was predominated by stories of slaves. These were stories of slaves’ journeys to America. They typically include description about the Middle Passage. A lot of writers started to connect best essay writing service reviews with their ancestral homeland during the Harlem Renaissance.
Writers of the second generation also create works that are more often regarded as part of a diaspora. They write about personal experiences and are often criticised. They frequently highlight the significance of Africa for individuals outside of Africa.
Diaspora was the first term employed by scholars during the 1970s to describe individuals who are of African descendance who were not in their homeland. Modern African-diaspora literature also includes both forced and voluntary immigration.
Black writers have dealt with slavery and colonialism. They have also been an active participant in the world of literary art. They have used creativity to investigate the ways in which the past can be echoed into the future. The work they have done today is inspiring the next generation of Black poets and writers.
The phrase “diaspora” is a reference to the group of people who have been displaced who adhere to the practices and beliefs that they have of their home country. The term first was used by scholars to refer to Africans during the year 1960.
African American writers are often described as African diaspora writers, especially educibly promo code the ones who were raised in America. The writers often discuss their experiences of living in America against their experiences of living in Africa. The individuals are also able to examine the significance of Africa to people who are not part of Africa. They discuss how the world has changed as well as how the lives of Africans have changed. The authors discuss subjects like liberation, family, ancestry and the social sufferings of the human being caused by inequalities.
One of the best earlier sources of African diaspora literature are narratives about slaves. These works depict the journey of an individual who was enslaved from Africa to the Americas. These narratives often include descriptions from what was known as the Middle Passage, an era that saw enslaved persons lose the majority of their cultural heritage.
Another prime example of early African diaspora literature is work of Countee Cullen. The work of Countee Cullen is considered one of the most important black writers of 20th-century America. His frequent reference to Africa as well as the importance of Africa to building the African American identity is a feature of his work.
Another novelist to be noted is Simone Atangana Bekono. She completed a degree in literary writing and creative at the Netherlands and plans to get her first work of literary fiction published in English within the next year.
A lot of Black authors have written about the realities of ancestrality, and how it affects contemporary Black lives. The result is a variety of literary masterpieces. It has also opened up important discussions about Black cultural identity and Black culture.
Diaspora can be defined by the term “a diaspora” which is a group of individuals who were removed from their country of origin and still have the same culture, beliefs and traditions. This term is used often for people from African descendance. This includes people who are not from Africa however have lived in Africa for many generations. These include refugees from Africa.
The transatlantic slave trade was initially triggered by the diaspora (the move of Africans across continents). The diaspora, however, isn’t the sole reason for the existence in African American literature. Enslavement and colonialism also caused major social and demographic changes.
In the twentieth century, global movements like World War I and the Civil Rights Movement transformed the concept of Blackness. It was the Black Arts Movement was a significant cultural and artistic movement during the 20th and 30th centuries. It was centered around Harlem, New York, as well as a flurry of art by Black artists.
African Americans’ literary heritage is characterized by comparisons to Africa and criticisms of American society. It also incorporates mentions https://us.rankmywriter.com of ancestry as well as an understanding of the Middle Passage. Slave narratives are a different term for this literary form. The most significant feature of this kind of writing is the description of the journey of an enslaved person from the Americas.
During the Harlem Renaissance, many African American writers came back to their ancestral home. Langston Hughes as well as Countee Cullen were among the greatest writers who were part of the movement. Zora Nealehurston was also involved.
Historically, black writers have dealt with the reality of black culture on the various pages of popular fiction. They have transformed these stories into timeless treasures, which have provided the basis for thoughtful discussions. Langston Hughes, and Zora Neale Hutton, with many others, are reviving the bonds with their respective countries.
The Harlem Renaissance was an artistic and cultural movement that emerged during the 20th and 30th centuries. It was centered around Harlem, New York. It sparked a surge of creative and academic work by Black artists.
It is the United States’ African diaspora literature is focused on the importance of Africa to people outside the continent. It also explores the difference from American and African cultural practices. It is focused on subjects such as racial oppression and self-proclaimed democracies. The book also focuses on how African Americans have contributed to their individual identities.
One of the most impressive examples of the early African diaspora literature are slave stories. Slave narratives are books that describe the journey of enslaved people to America. The novels are centered around their journey through the Middle Passage and describe the conditions in which enslavement occurred, as well as the person’s connection to Africa.
Black Horror is another important illustration. It is a subgenre that, in its simplest form, is Black Horror. Horror is a subgenre that focuses on scaring the African Diaspora. Most often, it features big super-spy elements. Folk magic and folklore may be the inspiration for these films. They often have ambiguous supernatural components.
Black Speculative Fiction focuses on untold stories of people from the African Diaspora. It restructures history in a way that is more favorable for the African Diaspora people. They are at the forefront of imaginative art.
These stories provide people of the African Diaspora with the opportunity to imagine themselves. The works provide characters with agency as well as allow the audience to see them as capable of development and of the dark side.
People who are studying African Diasporic Literature may be drawn to works of current Black writers that have a strong connection to their African heritage. The majority of these writers address issues such as slavery and racism in the United States. The texts usually examine the relationship between Africa and the host nation. They also explore the impact of Africa’s diaspora on people who live outside of Africa.
The collection of books demonstrates how various literary forms and genres are utilized to study the interplay between class, race and gender. This collection includes works that are from the United States, Europe and Africa.
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/1152569729613897830/ This book examines diverse ways that diaspora as well as black Atlantic are linked. This book demonstrates how Africans as well as diaspora have transformed the history of Africa into tales that remain eternal and thought-provoking.
The authors discuss how diaspora is affecting the identity of Africans in America and around the world. They also explore the different methods by which the diaspora’s image is presented in literature. The book offers a brief overview of the myriad of diasporas, and provides greater http://marketingcaleb.com.ng/companies-that-write-papers-for-students-2/ understanding.
African Diaspora Literature is an invaluable resource for those interested in African culture and literature. The site offers extensive details regarding a range of subjects like slave narratives and The Harlem Renaissance. It also includes contemporary African-American writings.
The book also focuses on the way in which it is possible that the African diaspora has inspired and influenced the writing of Black women. Also, it examines the methods that black women writers employ the absurd in their writing. It includes works by Ann Petry, Patricia Powell, Paule Marshall, and many others. | <urn:uuid:db4051b7-a02a-44ec-b7ab-3f3d3319cc07> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://toptowing.com.au/2022/12/18/black-writers/ | 2024-10-09T07:35:25Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.974563 | 2,001 | 3.96875 | 4 |
One cannot imagine a world without computers or without the aid of technology. Everything from the banking system to the medical world or governmental services relies on computers and the software that runs on these machines. Because many vital areas have to depend on computers to do their tasks, the need for powerful, no wonder that the demand for reliable software programs is on the rise. There are large differences between the software applications that students make during their training years and the programs needed to work for years without stopping, on different hardware configurations and with different people operating them. It is a very sensitive subject, as there are many areas that need very reliable programs.
Only highly trained and experienced software programmers are able to produce very large, complex, yet very secure software applications. No wonder that these programs cost a lot of money, as a highly experienced software programmer is very well paid. However, in order to become a good programmer, one must have a lot of work and training behind him and an associated degree can always help. No one is born a genius and in this ever-changing world of computer technologies, a good programmer must always be in touch with the latest discoveries and programming languages.
The better qualified you are, the higher your chances of getting a well paid job as a computer programmer and this is indeed the dream for every computer science student. That is why having a computer programming degree is very demanded, as it allows you to enjoy the multiple benefits of being a professional and experienced software programmer.
A computer programming degree is a very precious asset in every resume as it allows you to move forward in your software programmer career, ensuring you a better payment. Having a computer programming degree certifies that you are in touch with the latest trends as well as the latest technologies and documentations. Besides the basic skills of code writing, working with compilers and source codes you can get a degree in related topics, such as database programming languages or web based programming languages. If you are searching for a job, such a computer programming degree in your resume can weight a lot. Of course, aside from code writing and other similar jobs you may always be interested in getting a job as a DSP engineer especially since these jobs are getting paid better and better by the year.
Almost any large university offers its student the possibility to acquire a computer programming degree, as they all have computer science courses. Some universities famous for their degrees are Capella University and Kaplan University. Universities such as these offer a large array of computer programming degrees, two of the most important example being the Bachelor of Science in Information Technology and Programming degree and Introduction to Computer Programming Language Certificate. These two degrees in computer programming degree can make the difference of you obtaining a programmer’s job and a very well paid, specialized programmer’s job. Businesses require the skills of computer programmers to help develop new programs and the need for good programmers is very high. | <urn:uuid:f144f02a-58cc-42d3-a190-17e28d80889f> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://tosuh.com/computer-programming-degree-qualifications.html | 2024-10-09T06:06:00Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.967394 | 582 | 2.734375 | 3 |
Rainy Day Activities
by: Diane Flynn Keith
What to do with the little ones when you're stuck inside? Here are some ideas...
Go On A Scavenger Hunt!
Hide some stuff around the
house and challenge your kids to find the items. Reinforce color, number,
and shape sorting skills by asking them to find:
- square blue toy
- red socks
- yellow bananas
- round silver quarters
- white pieces of paper
Another variation? Invite the kids to go on a "Number
Hunt." You will need a deck of number flash cards or regular playing cards --
or you can make your own number cards with markers or stickers and index cards.
Review the cards with your child and make sure they can identify the number on
each card. If they only know their numbers from 1-5, then just play with the
cards that have those numbers on them. Now, ask them to leave the room, and
hide the cards around the room -- don't make them too hard to find. Challenge
your child to find 3, 5, 2, etc.
Make An Indoor Sandbox! Take a cardboard box, or deep roasting pan, or a plastic storage container and fill it with inexpensive cereal like oatmeal or puffed wheat. You can also use cornmeal or rice. Let the kids use measuring cups, spoons, and small toys to play in the "sand." Throw the cereal away when the children are through playing.
Cook! Children love to cook. Remember those nutritious snack ideas that were posted to this list previously? Search the archives and make some of those treats with your kids when the weather keeps you indoors.
Declare a Blue Sky Day! The skies are cloudy and gray? Declare a Blue Sky Day and challenge your little ones to find pictures of blue sky and sunshine in books and magazines. How many can they find? Keep track by tallying what they find on a piece of paper or a chalk board.
Go to the Bathtub Beach! Put on your swimsuits, sunglasses, and a little sunscreen and head to your bathroom. Imagine the bathtub is a swimming pool, lake or ocean. Bring some water toys to play with in the bathtub. Set a beach towel or two on the bathroom floor and let the kids dry off under the bathroom lights. (Constant adult supervision required.)
Go Indoor Camping! Use sheets or blankets draped over furniture to make a tent. Put your sleeping bag inside the tent. Get flashlights and use them in the tent to read books or tell stories. Make S'mores for a treat -- here's a recipe for making them in the oven:
- 20 whole graham crackers cut or broken in halves
- 20 marshmallows
- 1 small package of milk chocolate chips
- 1 tablespoon vegetable shortening
Preheat oven to 250 degrees Fahrenheit. Combine chocolate chips and shortening in a double boiler and melt over hot, not boiling water and stir until smooth and blended. Remove from heat.
Spread chocolate mixture evenly over half of the graham cracker halves. Place the remaining graham cracker halves on an ungreased baking sheet and top each with a marshmallow. Bake for 5-7 minutes until marshmallows begin to soften and melt. Remove from the oven and press the chocolate-frosted side of the other graham cracker halves on top.
Have a Teddy Bear's Picnic! Spread a blanket on the floor, pack a picnic basket lunch, and invite your stuffed animal bears to enjoy the picnic with you. Learn The Teddy Bear's Picnic song. You can print out the lyrics and listen to the tune.
Go For A Rainy Day Walk! Put on your rain coat, hat, and boots, get your umbrella, and go for a walk. Stomp in puddles (my kids adored doing this!) and search for wet weather critters like worms, slugs, salamanders, and snails. When you get home the kids will need a change of clothes. Put their clean clothes in the dryer for a couple of minutes. Remove them from the drier and have the kids put their warm, toasty clothes on.
Have fun on Rainy Days with your little ones! | <urn:uuid:1b5585fc-7413-47ae-941a-db4c1c550fdc> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://universalpreschool.com/how-to/rainy-day.asp | 2024-10-09T06:34:41Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.916306 | 882 | 3.234375 | 3 |
China’s win-at-all-costs approach suggests it will follow its own dangerous path in biomedicine
Hallam Stevens, Nanyang Technological UniversityThe world was shocked by Chinese scientist He Jiankui’s recent claim that he’d brought to term twin babies whose genes – inheritable by their own potential descendants – he had modified as embryos. The genetic edit, He said, was meant to make the girls resistant to HIV infection.
But as a historian of biology who has closely followed biomedicine in China over the past few years, I was less surprised by these developments. Set within the context of China’s approach to biomedical ethics and its rampant global ambitions, He’s actions fit into a wider pattern of dangerous excess.
Since He did not publish any of his results in scientific journals there’s no way of knowing yet whether his claims are true, false or exaggerated in some way. But what seems the most surprising outside of China is that He believed – gambled, perhaps – that his announcement would be met with congratulations and acclaim. Didn’t he know that he’d be condemned? Why take such a risk?
Different history frames what’s acceptable
China’s relationship to biomedical ethics is very different from that of the West.
In the West, after-the-fact condemnation of Nazi medical experiments, the Tuskegee syphilis experiment and other patient abuses led to the rise of Institutional Review Boards that carefully regulate medical experimentation on humans. China has its own history of dubious medical research, including by Japanese scientists during World War II, but it didn’t result in the development of similar kinds of home-grown bioethics institutions. Although many hospitals and universities in China do now have Institutional Review Boards, they’re not nearly as established – or consistent in their practices – as those in the U.S. and Europe.
This does not excuse He’s actions. After all, he was trained in the U.S. and was surely aware of Western norms. But He’s willingness to engage in undoubtedly risky and dangerous actions suggests that he was working in a very different ethical context.
Apart from merely an absence of compelling ethical oversight, the broader attitudes toward biomedical research in China are important in explaining He’s annoucement. In the West, the potential benefits of biomedicine and biotechnologies are often weighed against potential harms. In Europe and the U.S., many people view genetically modified foods with caution and treat cloning and stem cells with outright distrust.
China came to biotech late in the game, scraping into the Human Genome Project in the 1990s. Even so, both the Chinese state and Chinese scientists saw the field as an area in which China had a good chance of catching up to the West. As such, it gambled heavily and has invested much in biotech and biomedicine. Having followed one of China’s most prominent biotech companies for years, I can attest that these fields are seen as critical to sustaining China’s growing population: feeding people through agricultural technologies and keeping people healthy through new medicines and therapies.
The upshot of all this is that Chinese view biomedicine in dramatically positive terms. Advances in biomedicine can have an almost heroic status within China.
He’s claims about genetic modification fit this model. He has represented his use of genetic modification as a bold intervention to save the lives of twin girls and eliminate discrimination against HIV patients. He himself is (or at least was) somewhat of a heroic figure. He completed his Ph.D. at Rice University and postdoctoral training at Stanford before being sponsored by the Chinese government to return to his homeland under the “Thousand Talents Plan,” which aims to recruit top scientists back to Chinese universities. In 2018, he was nominated for the China Youth Science and Technology Award. He was a rising star.
Moving fast and breaking things
In 2012, back from the U.S., He Jiankui joined Southern University of Science and Technology, an institution set up in Shenzhen in 2011. This local setting is important too. Shenzhen, the city that sprang up from China’s first Special Economic Zone, was an experiment in China’s reform and opening. Since 1980, Shenzhen has been a zone of experimentation, a place of high risk and high reward. Both penniless farmers and entrepreneurs have gone there to make their fortune.
This has resulted in some great successes: Shenzhen is the home of Huawei, Tencent, BGI, BYD, and hundreds of other thriving companies. But such experiments have also generated problems. The capitalist excesses that have come with reform and opening up – doctored milk, fake vaccines and gutter oil – are now well known. And Shenzhen is a place where such excesses – particularly violations of intellectual property rules – have been particularly rampant.
He’s reckless experimentation looks like the result of such an attitude, as applied to biomedicine. It is not just scientific competition and a “drive to succeed,” but arguably a wider atmosphere of success through excess. The release of a YouTube video alongside He’s announcement suggests that his actions are motivated by personal aggrandizement and fame- and fortune-seeking.
Like those other scandals involving tainted products, He’s genetic modification is yet another failure by the Chinese government to protect its vulnerable citizens – in this case, unborn children – from predatory individuals and companies.
From an even broader perspective, such excesses might be seen as collateral damage from global competition and rapid development. In developing “socialism with Chinese characteristics” and in its reform and opening up, China has followed its own political path, often proving unwilling to follow international norms. And Shenzhen – the world’s capital of tech hardware development – has found its own models of innovation that now rival Silicon Valley’s. Catching up with – and surpassing – the West has motivated divergent, and sometimes ugly, actions. Take the recent scandal involving Huawei, for instance.
China may decide to forge its own path in science, too, following trajectories that would not be possible in the West. For now, He remains shunned within China. But if his reckless experiments do turn out to be a world first, Chinese scientists may embrace them – and him.
Science and public policy scholar Caroline Wagner has argued that He’s actions will threaten China’s position in the global scientific order by undermining the willingness of scientists elsewhere to collaborate with them: “A global system that works by reputation will shun those who do not play by the rules.” But these rules are Western ones. And China may decide it can go its own way. | <urn:uuid:8c8cb2ae-b7e2-4047-a3fd-b31188135cb5> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://wallstreetwindow.com/2018/12/chinas-win-at-all-costs-approach-suggests-it-will-follow-its-own-dangerous-path-in-biomedicine-hallam-stevens-12-18-2018/ | 2024-10-09T06:59:01Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.965984 | 1,409 | 2.625 | 3 |
What are the main differences between kayaking and paddleboarding?
Kayaks are a kind of boat that is narrow and long with a rounded hull. They have a small opening or groove on the deck to sit in and are made of a light frame with a watertight covering.
A limited number of people can use a kayak at once, usually a single user (unless it’s a tandem kayak) at a time. It’s considered a sport/hobby by many, as the major use is generally for sports, races, and as a hobby (Kayaking even features in many events at the Olympics).
Various kinds of kayaks featuring varied designs are available depending on the use, for example, you can get whitewater kayaks, tandem kayaks, touring kayaks, fishing kayaks, and recreational kayaks.
Paddleboarding is a popular water sport characterized by the use of a surfboard or paddleboard. You can use your arms while lying down or a SUP paddle while kneeling or standing to propel the paddleboard.
It’s like a combination of surfing and kayaking.
Stand-up paddleboarding (SUP) has not been around anywhere near as long as kayaking. This sport’s popularity is growing year by year, especially because you can practice in any body of water that’s calm enough for a paddleboard. You don’t need an ocean with waves like in surfing.
- The most obvious difference between kayaking and paddleboarding is paddleboarders’ ability to stand while propelling the paddleboard. As a kayaker, you must remain seated to paddle the kayak.
- Paddleboards are flat, so you can either lie down or stand on the board. Kayaks tend to be enclosed so you must wither sit-inside or sit-on-top of the kayak.
- You use a double-sided kayak paddle to propel your kayak while using a single SUP paddle to propel your paddleboard.
Is kayaking more difficult than paddle boarding?
Comparing kayaks and paddle-boards is difficult because there are so many different types of kayaks and paddle board.
Different versions of each vessel are modified to adjust to the different environments in which they are used.
We will look mostly at the average or recreational version of each vessel and each activity for comparison purposes.
Both activities are great for burning calories (We have already covered how many calories does kayaking burn). Kayaking is an enjoyable exercise, kayak paddling provides more of an isolated workout targeting your arms, shoulders, and core muscle groups like back, chest, and abdominal muscles.
Paddleboarding provides you with a full-body workout, from your legs and glutes to your core, to your arms, chest, and back.
Flexibility and overall balance will benefit from the workout you receive while propelling your paddleboard.
Paddling your kayak is better if you are focused on developing upper body strength; however, paddleboarding offers you a better all-round work out experience.
Kayaks and paddle boards offer a stable paddling platform that persons new to both sports can easily grasp.
Although both score well in this category, The low center of gravity gives kayaks a clear advantage since the kayak pilot is seated while the paddleboarder tends to be in a standing position.
Whilst it is more difficult to remain stable on a paddle board, most beginners pick it up fairly quickly.
Getting back on (not if, when you fall off!):
When out on the water, there is always the possibility that you will eventually end up in the water.
Whether you decided to take a dip or you fell in accidentally, the ease or difficulty of getting back in your kayak or on your paddleboard is a key consideration.
If your kayak capsized, you would need to flip the kayak unto its hull before getting back inside or on-top. It is something that you’ll need to practice to get right.
Paddleboards are easier to get on if you fall off while you’re out in the water.
Paddleboards rarely capsize, and they are a lot easier to pull yourself back on. Their stability makes it easier for you to return to a standing position.
Using a leash will also ensure that your paddleboard is not carried away by the water current leaving you behind should you fall off.
Transport and portability:
Even though both inflatable backpack kayaks and paddleboards are available, the inflatable paddleboard’s performance is very similar to a rigid paddleboard; however, the same cannot be said for the Kayak.
The fall-off in the performance of inflatable kayaks to rigid kayaks is significant, but for a beginner, an inflatable kayak is still a great choice.
Comparing the rigid versions of both kayaks and paddleboards, the paddleboards tend to be smaller and are certainly lighter in weight and less bulky for storage purposes.
But in terms of transporting a hard paddleboard or kayak via your truck or car, they are both pretty similar and will require a roof rack (it can be done without one!), or trailer.
Once you get to your destination, you may also need a kayak cart (can also be used for SUP boards), to help get your gear to the water’s edge.
Paddle Board VS Kayak – Fun Factor
This one massively depends upon your personal preferences, where you want to go, and what you want to do.
Both are great for taking along a dog, or kids on a family day-out. And you’re sure to make some memories that last forever.
One fun thing many people do on a paddleboard is SUP Yoga. This is essentially just regular yoga but on a paddleboard. It offers some mesmerizing views and serenity on the water. You can purchase dedicated SUP boards for yoga.
Fishing is a very common water sport that can be performed on both a kayak and paddleboard. However, kayaks are usually favoured due to their ability to carry more gear, attach fish finders to, and hold your rods whilst you paddle.
Paddling Long Distances:
Kayaks are better suited for long distances because you are paddling from a seated position. Standing or lying down for long periods on a paddleboard is more challenging than kayaking due to cramping, soreness, and fatigue.
Touring kayaks are specifically designed for speed and efficiency on longer trips.
So… kayak VS paddle boarding – which is better?
Both kayaking a paddle-boarding offer great opportunities for you to make the most of the great outdoors while on (or in!) the water.
The openness and freedom of a paddle board make it easier for you to do a range of activities and get in a full body-workout which cannot be easily done in a kayak, for example yoga.
Kayaking certainly has its advantages of increased stability and suitability for traveling long distances and fishing.
Ultimately, the choice regarding whether kayaking or paddleboarding is better is really yours to make. Of course, you will make your decision based on your own needs, circumstances, and experiences.
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- Best Inflatable Paddle Board – Our Picks & How To Choose? | <urn:uuid:04e3af97-9576-4258-bbf1-e546255c12ce> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://watersportingadventure.com/paddle-board-vs-kayak/ | 2024-10-09T07:42:58Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.944279 | 1,659 | 2.59375 | 3 |
An algorithm is a computational process which consists of a series of instructions performed in a specific order to solve a problem.
Algorithms can be seen as rules or mathematical functions that help calculate the solution to a problem especially if the rules are given to a computer (Cambridge Dictionary, 2021). According to Wei, J. (2021) the word algorithm is used in different contexts and its definition can be different depending on the context it is used in. Algorithms can be very simple or extremely complex processes. The simplest example of an algorithm is a recipe. If the instructions are not followed accordingly, the baking will fail. The recipe needs to be accurate and the instructions to be in the right order for the task to be completed successfully.
TechTerms (2013) describes that more complicated algorithms are used in computer programming, search engines, computer games, social media and mobile applications. Different algorithms perform different tasks. All search engines use their own specific algorithms to search and rank websites. Improving algorithms to be more efficient makes software work as fast as possible with the smallest possible amount of system resources. This confirms that efficient algorithms can make the software more sustainable. Computer algorithms are usually created as functions, which work as small programs within a larger program.
Wei, J. (2021) explains, that different types of algorithms solve different mathematical problems. These algorithms can be for example numerical, geometric, algebraic or theoretical algorithms. Computer algorithms usually solve analysis and data management problems. The most used algorithms are sorting algorithms which arrange data and searching algorithms and hashing algorithms that are used to finding key data.
Wei, L. (2021) describes algorithms that are also used to collect information online when users browse the Internet. There are two types of algorithms, observer and judge algorithms. Observer algorithms only track actions and interpret them to offer advertisements. Judge algorithms match the user’s personality data to their actions and offer more relevant advertisements based on the gathered information.
The data collected by algorithms on the Internet is used to make money for companies such as social media and search engines. Algorithms are used to make users buy things by advertising and it is possible to enable unnecessary tracking on some platforms. It is important to understand algorithms, because they are used to understand users. Understanding what an algorithm is and what it is used for helps make decisions in what we want to let the algorithms know about us.
Wei, J. (2021). Algorithm. Techopedia. https://www.techopedia.com/definition/3739/algorithm
Cambridge Dictionary. (2021) Definition of algorithm. https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/algorithm
TechTerms. (2013). Algorithm. https://techterms.com/definition/algorithm
Wei, L. (2021). Personalized Advertising in Digital Age. Video lecture. Tampere University. | <urn:uuid:82df813a-344a-4491-9641-4ca6c9fbd9c6> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://webpages.tuni.fi/sdl-2021-09/?p=1 | 2024-10-09T08:00:24Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.910793 | 599 | 4.21875 | 4 |
The 2 February Science magazine has a short article in its news section about the Indonesian Mud Flood (last WhirledView article here).
The mud volcano, as Science refers to it, is now called “Lusi.”
Whether it was caused by drilling or an earthquake is now being argued by scientists. It looks to me like they don’t have enough data and will keep arguing until they get a better picture of the subsurface in that area. The cause could well be some combination of both the drilling and the earthquake. And it still looks like the drilling was being done without proper casing and blowout preventers.
A relief well was to have been drilled to 2100 meters and then concrete poured down it to plug the flow. However, drilling was stopped at $40 million, before it reached the target depth.
An Indonesian environmental group is suing the Australian mining company Santos, which was involved in the drilling.
Here are links with some of the same information in the Science story, which is behind a subscription wall.
Terradaily (This report is mostly okay. Another I found at this website had multiple errors.)
PhysOrg.com (This photo can’t be of Lusi; the mud is too thick.)
Another PhysOrg.com (This photo looks more authentic.) | <urn:uuid:ac15dc48-3f5a-43e6-a9e7-6ebb4f81fbe0> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://whirledview.typepad.com/whirledview/2007/02/more_on_the_ind.html | 2024-10-09T07:27:31Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.980502 | 271 | 2.859375 | 3 |
We used to think of the internet as a free and open platform, but that has changed in the last five years. We know that state agencies and international security services could be tracking our movements, activities, and contacts. We are well aware that large businesses actively check our training when we use its services, and that we do not always have control over how that information is used.
We might live in or visit countries where services are blocked and content is restricted, or we could want to use online streaming that provides more in their native than in the UK. When we use public wireless networks to connect to the internet, there’s constantly the possibility of someone else spying on us.
We can bypass these rules and limitations by using a VPN. We can hide our geolocation and deconstruct the IP address links that relate our online actions to a specific location. We can hide activities, making them more challenging to track or monitor.
We can replace a new location with our actual one, allowing us to see prohibited information, access blocked services, and use online streaming as though we were in a different country. While a VPN is not a guarantee of privacy, or ever anonymity, it is one of the most effective tools we have for protecting it.
What Is a VPN?
A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a type of network technology that allows users to establish a secure and private connection between their devices (such as computers, smartphones, or tablets) and the internet. VPNs encrypt internet traffic and route it through a remote server located in a different geographical location. This helps users to hide their online activities and protect their personal information from hackers, cybercriminals, and other unauthorized third parties.
When a user connects to a VPN, their device sends internet traffic to the VPN server using an encrypted tunnel. The VPN server then decrypts the traffic and forwards it to its intended destination on the internet. This process ensures that no one can intercept or monitor the user’s online activities or steal their sensitive data, such as passwords, credit card numbers, or other confidential information.
VPNs can also be used to bypass geo-restrictions and censorship, allowing users to access content and services that may be blocked in their location. For example, a user in China can use a VPN to access websites and services that are only available in the US or other countries.
Why Should You Use a VPN?
Many people are either indifferent about their internet activities being tracked, blocked, or banned, or they just don’t know or care. For the majority of us, there are three compelling reasons to use a VPN
- Privacy and security: A VPN encrypts your internet traffic, making it more difficult for hackers, cybercriminals, and other third parties to intercept and steal your personal information. This is especially important if you are using public Wi-Fi networks, which are often insecure and can be easily compromised.
- Accessing geo-restricted content: Some websites and online services are only available in certain countries. With a VPN, you can connect to a server in another location and access content that may be blocked in your country.
- Bypassing censorship: In some countries, governments and ISPs may restrict access to certain websites and online services. With a VPN, you can bypass these restrictions and access the internet freely.
- Online anonymity: When you use a VPN, your IP address is masked and replaced with the IP address of the VPN server. This makes it more difficult for websites and online services to track your online activities.
- Remote access: If you work remotely or need to access company resources from a different location, a VPN can provide a secure connection to your organization’s network.
A VPN can help you protect your online privacy and security, access restricted content, and bypass censorship. It’s an essential tool for anyone who values online privacy and security.
Are All VPNs Equally Private and Secure?
No, once again. The VPN provider can track and even track your activity, and some free VPN services have been known to combine and sell some, usually harmless, user data. Check to see if your provider records your traffic, how they use it, and how long they keep such logs. Many people now say that they don’t keep any files at all, but there’s no way of knowing for sure.
Otherwise, the provider’s home address is important. In some countries, such as the United States or the United Kingdom, security and government agencies have greater authority to request data or track incoming and outgoing data, which your regular VPN provider will be helpless to resist. If privacy or anonymity are your primary reasons for using a VPN, look for one based outside the ‘fourteen eyes’ countries that routinely cooperate in surveillance and information exchange – the UK, US, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Denmark, France, the Netherlands, Norway, Germany, Belgium, Italy, Spain, and Sweden – and especially the first five, which comprise the core ‘five eyes’ group.
At last, different VPNs utilize different data encryption, some more secure than others and some having a greater impact on performance than others. The best mixture of efficiency and safety is provided by OpenVPN, Chameleon, and SSTP. PTTP is fast, but it also has the potential to be weaker.
What About VPNs Restrictions or Limitations?
In different countries, not all VPNs work equally effectively. Some might not work in China, where the Great Firewall, which restricts Chinese nationals from accessing prohibited sites and content, has proven especially effective at detecting and blocking VPNs. Similarly, Netflix can now identify many VPNs and block you from accessing the US service over them. Just because something works one day does not guarantee that it will keep working in the future.
P2P and torrents are frequently restricted. Some providers simply do not enable you to distribute or download torrents or P2P traffic using VPN, while others may restrict your ability to do so. Again, if that’s your thing – and we’re sure you wouldn’t conceive of illegally sharing anything – then check with the provider before signing up. | <urn:uuid:f4ccc7c5-ac90-49dc-8c58-39c73c170947> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://wikitechlibrary.com/buy-best-vpn-for-your-online-safety/ | 2024-10-09T06:51:47Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.948232 | 1,274 | 3.015625 | 3 |
Grammar Checking in Word is a powerful tool that highlights grammar errors in your documents based on the settings you apply. While the options differ depending on your version of Word, there are many functions of the tool you can change to best fit your preferences. Learn what you can allow, flag, and edit in your text with Word's grammar checking tool in the following articles.
Tips, Tricks, and Answers
The following articles are available for the 'Grammar Checking' topic. Click the article''s title (shown in bold) to see the associated article.
Accepting Capitalization of a Proper Noun
If a word is normally supposed to be lowercase, Word helpfully lets you know if you incorrectly capitalize it. If you really want that word to be capitalized the way you typed it, there are a few things you can try, as detailed in this tip.
Adding Phrases to the Grammar Checker
Word's grammar checker dutifully tries to mark all the questionable grammar in your sentences. If you are tired of a certain phrase or group of words triggering the markings used by the grammar checker, you may wonder if you can add acceptable phrases that will be skipped in the checking. You can't, but there are some things you can do, as described in this tip.
Allowing Passive Voice in Writing
When you have Word do grammar checking on your document, it typically marks everything it considers wrong with the way you write. This includes marking sentences that appear to use "passive" voice. You can, however, turn off this grammar rule so that Word ignores whether you use passive voice or not.
Allowing Sentence Fragments
Grammar, particularly in English, has a perplexing array of rules and exceptions to those rules. Word does a fairly good job of checking the grammar of your prose, but you may want to adjust what it checks. For instance, you may not want it to check for sentence fragments. Here's how.
Avoiding the "Check Remainder" Dialog Box
Need to check grammar using a macro? Word includes a couple of different ways to perform the check, and what you see differs with each method.
According to the normal rules of grammar, the word "spring" is not supposed to be capitalized. There may be times, however, when it should properly be capitalized. This tip explains how to make sure that a capitalized "Spring" isn't marked as incorrect.
Changing How Word Flags Compound Words
It is not uncommon to add hyphens between words to help clarify the meaning of your prose. You might even add non-breaking hyphens so that the two connected words stay on the same line. But if doing so means that Word flags your connected words as somehow in error, then you might rightly question what is going on. This tip examines the problem and discusses a couple of ways you can try to get around it.
Checking for Missing Quotation Marks
Word provides handy spelling and grammar checkers. The grammar checker won't catch everything, however. One thing it won't catch is missing quotation marks, as discussed in this tip.
Checking for Sentences Beginning with Conjunctions
In my English classes in junior high, I would get marked down if I started sentences with a conjunction. ("There's a reason they are called conjunctions," said the teacher. "They serve as a junction between two independent phrases.") If you are tired of getting mark-downs for a grammatical bad habit, here's how Word can help.
Checking Up On Numbers
When do you use digits in your prose and when do you spell out the numbers? Why not let Word help you make the decision? Here's how.
Contractions Flagged as Incorrect
Word, in its never-ending quest to second-guess and try to improve your writing, may be marking your contractions as incorrect. If this bugs you, you can turn off this feature by following the steps outlined in this tip.
Correctly Repeated Words
There are times when you need to repeat a word in a document, but doing so triggers an "error reaction" from Word's spelling checker. Here are some ways that you can force Word to accept your intentional repetitions.
Dictionary Shortcut Key
Need a quick way to display the dictionary or other grammar tools? Use one of the handy built-in shortcuts provided by Word.
Disappearing Readability Statistics
Word provides some handy document analysis that can help improve your writing. One such tool is the readability statistics you can generate about your document. What if those statistics stop showing up, though? Here are a few things to check.
Forcing a Complete Spelling and Grammar Check
There are a couple of ways that various parts of a document can have spelling and grammar checking "turned off." This tip examines how to override those settings and perform a desired check of your entire document.
If you find the green and red squiggly underlines that Word adds to your document distracting, you might want a quick way to hide them. Here's the absolute fastest way to get them out of your sight.
Hiding Grammar Errors
Are you bothered by the green underlines that Word uses to mark potential grammar errors in your document? You can hide those potential errors by following the steps in this tip.
Incorrect Suggested Correction
As you type your document, Word flags words and phrases it thinks may be incorrect. The source of these various flaggings can be a bit confusing, but it is key to tracking down why the error occurs.
Leading Quote Mark Generates Grammar Error
One of the mostly helpful tools that Word includes is a grammar checker. Sometimes, however, the grammar checker might flag things that it should really ignore. Here is an examination of one such scenario.
Marking Gender-Specific Grammar
Some people feel that your writing can be better if you remove gender-specific language it may contain. Here's how you can enlist Word's help in tracking down potential violations so you can get rid of them.
Only Showing Readability Statistics
Perform a grammar check, and Word displays some statistics that represent an analysis of your words. By writing a macro you can access these statistics and display whatever part of them you want.
Permanently Removing Blue Squiggly Underlines
Word's grammar checker can helpfully mark grammar goof-ups as you type. When you pass your document on to another person, though, you may not want those goof-ups to be noted. This tip looks at ways to deal with this situation.
Removing Sequential Duplicate Words
In some documents it can be critical to locate and remove duplicate words. This tip examines several ways you can approach this task.
Resetting Spelling and Grammar Checking on Multiple Documents
Things that are accomplished easily with a single document (such as resetting spelling and grammar checking settings) can quickly become tedious if you need to work with multiple documents. This tip provides a simple macro that can make processing multiple documents fast and easy.
Saving Grammar Preferences with a Document
The grammar checking tool in Word can be helpful in developing a finished, polished document. You may want to share your preferences with another who will be using your document. Unfortunately, Word doesn't allow you to do this.
Setting Grammar-Checking Options
When Word checks the grammar it thinks you are using in your prose, it follows a set of rules. Fortunately, the program allows you to adjust how those rules are applied. Here's how.
Turning Off Error Checking for a Specific Word
While you are typing in a document, Word is typically busy checking what you type for errors. If an error is found, Word marks the error so you can check it out. However, you may not want Word to mark a specific word as "in error" when you know it is not. Here are some ideas of how to deal with that situation.
Turning Off Proofing for Superscripts
When you add superscripts to words in your document, you may not want those superscripts to be spell-checked. Here's how to disable the checking of your superscripts.
Using Older Spelling and Grammar Checking
If you prefer the older spelling and grammar checking process used in Word, then you will find this tip helpful. It only takes a single-line macro to get to the old system you prefer. | <urn:uuid:f85eefef-49e9-40b9-a2c9-977fbdaf4923> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://wordribbon.tips.net/C0738_Grammar_Checking.html | 2024-10-09T06:09:42Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.926059 | 1,748 | 3.125 | 3 |
The easiest way to lock the function keys is with the Fn lock key. Just press the Fn key and the Fn lock key simultaneously. When you let go of the keys, the Fn key will be locked, making it a little easier to use their secondary functions.
What are the function keys, anyway? Keyboards have a row of many keys at the top, above the number keys, that are labeled F1 to F12. These keys are present on practically all keyboards, regardless if they’re for Macs or PCs. These are dual use keys, so they perform two different functions, such as control volume, brightness, or music playback.
Fn Lock Key Feature
The simplest way to understand this feature is that it lets you access function key operations without having to press the Fn key.
On a PC, the default action of the Fn keys is set in the BIOS. Your keyboard has a Fn key that, when held down, will allow you to use the alternate command keys of the function keys.
Some laptops let you lock the Fn keys. This is like how the caps lock key works, which allows you to type all capital letters. The Fn key lock works the same way: when you turn it on, it’s like you’re holding down the Fn key.
For example, if one of your Fn keys on the function key row section controls media by default, turning on the Fn key lock will let you press that key by itself and manage media playback, without using the Fn key. It works the same way for the other function keys, too.
Not all keyboards have a Fn key lock. This is purely subject to the keyboard maker and is not something to do with drivers or a Windows 10 feature.
Tip: You can remap the function keys to make them work better for your needs.
3 Methods to Lock and Unlock the Fn Key
The keyboard method is the least complex method to lock and unlock the Fn key, but there are two other methods that let you change the function key behavior if that one doesn’t work for your particular keyboard.
We recommend this method for most people because it just requires pressing Fn with another key to lock or unlock all the secondary function keys.
- Press the Fn key, and keep it held down.
- While still holding the Fn key, press the Esc key once. Note that your keyboard might not work this way — look for a key with the lock symbol on it; that’s the one you want to press here.
- Let go of both keys to instantly lock Fn keys.
To undo unlock Fn lock, simply repeat these steps.
Windows Mobility Center Method
If you have a laptop, you can also use the Windows Mobility Center to enable Fn lock.
- Search for Windows Mobility Center from the Windows 10 Start menu. Or, enter mblctr in the Run dialog box.
- Find the area of this program called Fn Key Behavior, and select the menu in that section.
- Choose Function key to enable the Fn key lock. To unlock the key so that it behaves normally, choose Multimedia key.
You can lock and unlock the Fn key this way. Just swap the menu item in that lest step to return the Fn key to its normal behavior.
The BIOS setup menu is another way you can lock the Fn key. This is the most advanced method of the three covered in this article, but it’s still very doable if you follow the steps correctly.
- On Windows 10, go to Settings > Update & Security > Recovery.
- Select the restart option to reboot your PC.
- On the Advanced Startup Options menu, go to Troubleshoot > Advanced options.
- Choose UEFI Firmware Settings > Restart.
- Now that you’ve accessed BIOS, open Advanced from the menu, and look for Function Key Behavior in the list of options (use the up or down arrow key to navigate). Select it by pressing Enter.
- Select Function Key from the pop-up menu.
- Press F10 to save and exit BIOS (if that doesn’t work, check the menu at the bottom of BIOS to see what the save/exit Fn key is for your computer).
You can see that the BIOS settings look similar to the Windows Mobility Center settings. Therefore, to disable Fn lock, simply return to Step 6 and select the other option. | <urn:uuid:e308d3d1-cac0-4ff7-bc1e-e3620c1c7ff3> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.addictivetips.com/windows-tips/use-fn-key-lock-on-windows-10/?utm_source=TrendyStartups&utm_medium=TrendyStartups | 2024-10-09T05:56:46Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.885635 | 910 | 2.953125 | 3 |
Long time ago, Hare and Hyena were great friends. They did many things together.
They often danced and sang together.
One day, Hare said, "My friend Hyena, let us start farming together and we will be rich."
"Oh yes, we can plant a lot of food, harvest it, and sell it to others," Hyena said.
"But what shall we plant?" asked Hare.
Hyena suggested that it was good to plant maize. Hare agreed. Hare also told Hyena that it was good for them to share duties on the farm. "My work will be guarding the maize from birds," said Hare.
Then Hare told Hyena to till the land, plant, and weed.
Hyena complained that he had been given more work. But Hare said that the work of chasing birds was the most difficult and most important.
"My work is not easy. I will be climbing trees and chasing birds away day and night. And you are not able to climb a tree," Hare explained.
Hyena was convinced by Hare's words. He agreed to till the land alone. It was a lot of work.
Hare did not help at all. After tilling the land, Hyena planted maize in the whole field, alone.
When weeds grew in the field, Hyena weeded. It was a lot of work. Hare sat on a rock singing:
"My friend is a worker, I am his adviser. He works like a tractor, I am his manager. The soil he toils, the hills he tills. The seeds he plants, the weeds he cuts. The maize we harvest."
When the maize was almost ready, Hare enjoyed himself singing in the field to keep birds away.
Chasing the birds was not a hard job. He did not sweat at all.
Finally, the maize was ready to harvest. Hare told Hyena that they would share the harvest.
Hare said, "I will harvest everything that grows above the soil. You will harvest what grows below the soil."
Hyena thought that it was a good idea.
Hare said, "I will first get my harvest then you will harvest yours."
So Hare harvested all the maize in the field and put it in his store.
Hyena went to harvest things that grew below the soil. He dug, hoping to get a good harvest. But he only found roots under the soil.
He dug everywhere. He did not find anything to harvest.
Hyena realised that he had been cheated. He was angry. He returned home carrying empty baskets.
In the evening he went to Hare's home very annoyed. He told Hare, "Let us now farm together again my friend."
Hyena told Hare, "This time I will harvest everything that grows above the ground and you will harvest everything that grows below the soil."
Hare accepted. He told Hyena that instead of planting maize it was good to change the crop. They agreed to plant potatoes.
Hyena also insisted that this time they would both do the digging, planting and weeding.
Hare accepted. So they worked on the farm together, singing.
When the potatoes were ready, Hare told Hyena to harvest what grows above the ground.
Hyena went looking for something to harvest. But he did not find anything. He only found potato leaves. He went back home with empty baskets.
Hare harvested a lot of big potatoes. He put them in his store. When Hyena saw Hare's harvest, he was annoyed. "Why did you cheat me?" Hyena asked Hare.
Hare explained that it was Hyena himself who chose to harvest the things that grew above the soil.
Hyena was very angry. He chased after Hare in order to get revenge. But Hare ran away fast.
Since that day, Hare and Hyena have not been friends. | <urn:uuid:a0a612a5-4a7a-4abb-b754-093e4d740c1e> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.africanstorybook.org/newviewer/index.php?id=9796&bt=1&dual=false | 2024-10-09T06:51:45Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.990244 | 807 | 2.765625 | 3 |
Author: Rachel Gordon | MIT CSAIL
As we enter a new era where technologies powered by artificial intelligence can craft and manipulate images with a precision that blurs the line between reality and fabrication, the specter of misuse looms large. Recently, advanced generative models such as DALL-E and Midjourney, celebrated for their impressive precision and user-friendly interfaces, have made the production of hyper-realistic images relatively effortless. With the barriers of entry lowered, even inexperienced users can generate and manipulate high-quality images from simple text descriptions — ranging from innocent image alterations to malicious changes. Techniques like watermarking pose a promising solution, but misuse requires a preemptive (as opposed to only post hoc) measure.
In the quest to create such a new measure, researchers from MIT’s Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) developed “PhotoGuard,” a technique that uses perturbations — minuscule alterations in pixel values invisible to the human eye but detectable by computer models — that effectively disrupt the model’s ability to manipulate the image.
PhotoGuard uses two different “attack” methods to generate these perturbations. The more straightforward “encoder” attack targets the image’s latent representation in the AI model, causing the model to perceive the image as a random entity. The more sophisticated “diffusion” one defines a target image and optimizes the perturbations to make the final image resemble the target as closely as possible.
“Consider the possibility of fraudulent propagation of fake catastrophic events, like an explosion at a significant landmark. This deception can manipulate market trends and public sentiment, but the risks are not limited to the public sphere. Personal images can be inappropriately altered and used for blackmail, resulting in significant financial implications when executed on a large scale,” says Hadi Salman, an MIT graduate student in electrical engineering and computer science (EECS), affiliate of MIT CSAIL, and lead author of a new paper about PhotoGuard.
“In more extreme scenarios, these models could simulate voices and images for staging false crimes, inflicting psychological distress and financial loss. The swift nature of these actions compounds the problem. Even when the deception is eventually uncovered, the damage — whether reputational, emotional, or financial — has often already happened. This is a reality for victims at all levels, from individuals bullied at school to society-wide manipulation.”
PhotoGuard in practice
AI models view an image differently from how humans do. It sees an image as a complex set of mathematical data points that describe every pixel’s color and position — this is the image’s latent representation. The encoder attack introduces minor adjustments into this mathematical representation, causing the AI model to perceive the image as a random entity. As a result, any attempt to manipulate the image using the model becomes nearly impossible. The changes introduced are so minute that they are invisible to the human eye, thus preserving the image’s visual integrity while ensuring its protection.
The second and decidedly more intricate “diffusion” attack strategically targets the entire diffusion model end-to-end. This involves determining a desired target image, and then initiating an optimization process with the intention of closely aligning the generated image with this preselected target.
In implementing, the team created perturbations within the input space of the original image. These perturbations are then used during the inference stage, and applied to the images, offering a robust defense against unauthorized manipulation.
“The progress in AI that we are witnessing is truly breathtaking, but it enables beneficial and malicious uses of AI alike,” says MIT professor of EECS and CSAIL principal investigator Aleksander Madry, who is also an author on the paper. “It is thus urgent that we work towards identifying and mitigating the latter. I view PhotoGuard as our small contribution to that important effort.”
The diffusion attack is more computationally intensive than its simpler sibling, and requires significant GPU memory. The team says that approximating the diffusion process with fewer steps mitigates the issue, thus making the technique more practical.
To better illustrate the attack, consider an art project, for example. The original image is a drawing, and the target image is another drawing that’s completely different. The diffusion attack is like making tiny, invisible changes to the first drawing so that, to an AI model, it begins to resemble the second drawing. However, to the human eye, the original drawing remains unchanged.
By doing this, any AI model attempting to modify the original image will now inadvertently make changes as if dealing with the target image, thereby protecting the original image from intended manipulation. The result is a picture that remains visually unaltered for human observers, but protects against unauthorized edits by AI models.
As far as a real example with PhotoGuard, consider an image with multiple faces. You could mask any faces you don’t want to modify, and then prompt with “two men attending a wedding.” Upon submission, the system will adjust the image accordingly, creating a plausible depiction of two men participating in a wedding ceremony.
Now, consider safeguarding the image from being edited; adding perturbations to the image before upload can immunize it against modifications. In this case, the final output will lack realism compared to the original, non-immunized image.
All hands on deck
Key allies in the fight against image manipulation are the creators of the image-editing models, says the team. For PhotoGuard to be effective, an integrated response from all stakeholders is necessary. “Policymakers should consider implementing regulations that mandate companies to protect user data from such manipulations. Developers of these AI models could design APIs that automatically add perturbations to users’ images, providing an added layer of protection against unauthorized edits,” says Salman.
Despite PhotoGuard’s promise, it’s not a panacea. Once an image is online, individuals with malicious intent could attempt to reverse engineer the protective measures by applying noise, cropping, or rotating the image. However, there is plenty of previous work from the adversarial examples literature that can be utilized here to implement robust perturbations that resist common image manipulations.
“A collaborative approach involving model developers, social media platforms, and policymakers presents a robust defense against unauthorized image manipulation. Working on this pressing issue is of paramount importance today,” says Salman. “And while I am glad to contribute towards this solution, much work is needed to make this protection practical. Companies that develop these models need to invest in engineering robust immunizations against the possible threats posed by these AI tools. As we tread into this new era of generative models, let’s strive for potential and protection in equal measures.”
“The prospect of using attacks on machine learning to protect us from abusive uses of this technology is very compelling,” says Florian Tramèr, an assistant professor at ETH Zürich. “The paper has a nice insight that the developers of generative AI models have strong incentives to provide such immunization protections to their users, which could even be a legal requirement in the future. However, designing image protections that effectively resist circumvention attempts is a challenging problem: Once the generative AI company commits to an immunization mechanism and people start applying it to their online images, we need to ensure that this protection will work against motivated adversaries who might even use better generative AI models developed in the near future. Designing such robust protections is a hard open problem, and this paper makes a compelling case that generative AI companies should be working on solving it.”
Salman wrote the paper alongside fellow lead authors Alaa Khaddaj and Guillaume Leclerc MS ’18, as well as Andrew Ilyas ’18, MEng ’18; all three are EECS graduate students and MIT CSAIL affiliates. The team’s work was partially done on the MIT Supercloud compute cluster, supported by U.S. National Science Foundation grants and Open Philanthropy, and based upon work supported by the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. It was presented at the International Conference on Machine Learning this July. | <urn:uuid:1c5bde00-7681-4778-8a65-a3bff93c3bd2> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.aiproblog.com/index.php/2023/07/31/using-ai-to-protect-against-ai-image-manipulation/ | 2024-10-09T07:09:15Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.928104 | 1,714 | 2.84375 | 3 |
Let's go GREEN Allen Eagles and reduce our carbon footprint on planet Earth! We will be doing several of the activities (please look to the right for a list of the many activities we have come up with so far) required on the application and more (click Application for Green school initiative button). Our goal is to work hard educating our staff, students and families in ways to reduce, reuse, and recycle throughout the year both at school and at home. We will need parent volunteers throughout the year to help us coordinate and lead some of these activities. Please fill out the get involved volunteer form and someone will be in touch with you soon. Click on the Michigan Green Schools Website button above for more information about what other school have done in the past and get some ideas for what we can accomplish at Allen.
Click the TREX button above for more details!
Sign up today to help! https://www.signupgenius.com/go/30E0D4EAFAC28A0FD0-2019 How does the Challenge work? 1. Schools compete against other schools in their category to collect the most plastic film. 2. A school volunteer weighs and keeps record of the amount of film collected each month. (On average, a 30-gallon trash bag will hold about 650 plastic bags and weigh 6 lbs.) 3. A school volunteer takes the collected plastic to a participating retailer (see list) 4. Report collection amounts monthly to: (my.trex.com) The protocol is simple: 1. Drive to school with a scale or use scale at your home. 2. Weigh the bags. (System first weigh yourself and then weighing yourself with as many bags as possible in my hands to calculate the weight of the bags since the bags won't stay on by themselves. If a large load, you will have to do this a couple times. Subtract your own weight and add your totals together.) 3. Record the weight of the bags and send total weight to ([email protected]). 4. Put the bags in your vehicle and drive to any of the participating locations. Put the bags in the designated plastic bag recycling area (if it is a large load, you may have to drive to multiple locations). The REUSE RECYCLE CENTER of Ann Arbor also takes plastic. https://recycleannarbor.org/divisions/reuse-center/about From Trex's website: MICHIGAN Kohl’s Kroger Meijer Target |
ALLEN earned EVERGREEN STATUS for the 2019-2020 School year!! We need: 10 points to become a Green School, 15 points to become an Emerald School, and 20 points to become an Evergreen School These are all brainstormed ideas. We will update this page with what we were able to accomplish at Allen during the 2019-2020 school year. Category 1: Recycle Point 1: Activity - Recycling old markers via Crayola Colorcycle 1) Engage & Educate: Inform your school administrators or PTO about participating in the ColorCycle program. 2) Collect & Count: Set up a collection station in your school for used markers. Count up all the markers. 3) Pack & Print: Pack markers in a cardboard box (with minimal outer markings). Print out a shipping label. 4) Ship & Smile: FedEx Ground will pick up the markers — Crayola pays all shipping charges! Finally, smile - you just saved the planet! Point 2: Activity - Recycling broken crayons Allen School will start a broken crayon recycling program with the help of CRAZYCRAYONS. The National Crayon Recycle Program takes unwanted, rejected, broken crayons to a better place, where they will be recycled into new crayons! The student lead Green Team will research and decide where they would like to donate the new recycled crayons. Some ideas from the CRAZYCRAYON website are: Inner City Art Programs, Hospitals, Orphanages, Homeless Shelters, or Day Cares. Point 3: Activity - Recycling office paper Allen uses recycling boxes in its main office, classrooms, and teacher workroom to recycle paper and reuse the backs of any printed paper. The office also reuses envelopes to collect lunch money. Allen also reuse the backs of printed paper by cutting it up and using it as message pads. Point 4: Activity - Aluminum cans Aluminum cans are recycled and any deposited money collected from the bottles is reused by the parent council for educational enrichment activities for the students. Point 5: Activity - Printer cartridges The teacher workroom has a collection site for all printer cartridges that the school uses and they are recycled appropriately. Point 6: Activity - Composting Food and Organic Waste Organic waste from native gardens and grounds will composted in outdoor classroom bin that will be built by parent council in 2018. The community compost bin will be maintained by the schools Green team. Classroom compost bins with fruit and veggie scraps will be emptied into the community compost bin by students. Point 7: Activity - Have a small compost jar in your classroom for fruit scraps and put them on the school shrubs. It makes a great fertilizer. Classrooms have small compost bins for fresh fruit scraps that are then deposited into our school compost bin or put on school shrubs. Point 8: Activity - Purchasing whole school compost bins Parent Council purchased 4 city compost bins that can be used by the whole school and picked up each week curbside when city is running compost pick up. Point 9: Activity - Trex Plastic Bag Recycle Challenge
Allen families will donate your unwanted plastic materials (grocery bags, bread bags, case overwrap, dry cleaning bags, newspaper sleeves, ice bags, wood pellet bags, ziplock & other re-sealable bags, produce bags, bubble wrap, salt bags, and cereal bags. All materials must be clean, dry and free of food residue) and keep thousands of pounds of waste out of landfills, we are also helping Trex continue to create beautiful and environmentally responsible outdoor products. And, as an additional incentive schools that enroll in our recycling programs are eligible for high-performance, low-maintenance awards and prizes. Click on the Trex button to the left for more information. Category 2: Energy Point 10: Activity - Offering at least one teaching unit on alternative energy DTE Energy came into our 4th grade classrooms and taught a lesson as well as handed out their Take Action Kit which is designed to save energy and water at the home with items that are easy to install when student and their families work together. Point 11: Activity - Sponsoring an alternative energy presentation, project, or event The student Green Team will help decide what project or event we will do. More details to come. Category 3: Environmental Protection Point 12: Activity - Creating an idle free environment The student and parent lead Green Team will help spread education about the environmental effects of sitting in an idling car while in the school parking lot. Point 13: Activity - Establishing or maintaining a natural Michigan garden project with native plants. Allen has an outdoor classroom that is maintained by students, teachers and parents with native perennial plants. Students will be identifying and creating labels for native plants throughout the garden. Point 14: Activity - Establishing or maintaining an animal habitat project. Allen's outdoor classroom/native garden will become a native bee habitat by becoming certified pollinator garden! Category 4: Miscellaneous Point 15: Activity - Maintaining an updated bulletin board or kiosk with information on environmental concerns and the school’s actions in addressing those concerns Using recycled materials the Parent Council or Student Green Advocates will maintain an up to date school bulletin board. Point 16: Activity - Updating the school’s media center environmental materials Our media specialist has added ten new titles to our school library regarding recycling, renewable energy, composting, and conservation for the 2018-2019 school year. Point 17: Activity - Establishing a student organization that participates in environmental activities. Parent Council will be working with teachers to create a Green Advocates at Allen. These students (3rd-5th grade) will help with all of our green school initiatives and have lunch meetings throughout the year. Point 18: Activity - Observing earth day by participating in an earth day event in April We will be having our first Earth Day celebration event at Allen this year. We hope to plant an Evergreen tree when we earn the Evergreen status at Allen. More details to come. Point 19: Activity - Educational Stickers and Signs Composting and single stream recycling labels for classroom bins and signage will be purchased in 2018. These labels and signs will be incorporated into every classroom at Allen. The student lead green team will help monitor classrooms with education about these concepts throughout the year. Point 20: Activity - National Walk and Bike to School Day Allen will encourage students and staff to be active and green by walking or biking to school on October 10, 2018. | | <urn:uuid:c0525bfd-cd11-4e27-8bed-74099cbc183e> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.allenpc.org/green-school-initiative.html | 2024-10-09T06:49:32Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.936592 | 1,835 | 2.921875 | 3 |
The Jedi religion, also known as Jediism, is a relatively new religious movement based on the fictional Jedi characters from the Star Wars films. Jediism has no official sacred texts or doctrines and each follower interprets the religion in their own way. Here is an overview of some of the main beliefs and practices of Jediism:
Most Jedi follow a cosmology and principles similar to the Force as depicted in Star Wars. This includes believing in a metaphysical energy that connects all living things and can be interacted with and manipulated. The dichotomy of the light and dark sides of the Force are central to Jedi beliefs. Jedi strive to embody the light side virtues of peace, knowledge, serenity, harmony, and self-control.
Jediism lacks a specific deity or divine figure. The Force takes the place of a supreme being that Jedi devote themselves to and seek guidance from. Jedi believe in the immortality of the soul and an afterlife within the Force after physical death.
Most Jedi adhere to the Jedi Code, a set of principles that guide moral behavior. This includes tenets like “There is no emotion, there is peace,” “There is no ignorance, there is knowledge,” and “There is no passion, there is serenity.” While Jedi shun negative emotions like fear and anger, they embrace positive emotions like compassion, joy and love.
The primary practices of Jediism center on meditation, physical training, and moral living. Through meditation, Jedi seek inner peace, knowledge of the Force, and deeper understanding of themselves. Physical training develops the body along with the mind and spirit. Living an ethical life of non-violence, charity, and respect for life is vital.
Studying the extensive Star Wars canon for guidance is common in Jediism. Scripts, books, games, and films provide wisdom and direction. Jedi will often partake in roleplaying by taking on a Jedi name and wearing robes or carrying symbolic gear like lightsaber replicas. Gatherings of Jedi activities like lightsaber sparring, martial arts, and group meditation take place in some communities.
The seeds of Jediism emerged through fans engaging with and expanding on spiritual concepts from Star Wars starting in the 1970s. It began coalescing into an actual religion in the 1990s through early internet message boards on Jedi-themed spirituality. The movement gained major traction in 2001 when over 390,000 people listed Jedi as their religion on censuses in English-speaking countries as part of an internet campaign.
Despite the satirical origins, many participants came to seriously adopt Jediism. Temples and churches, like the Temple of the Jedi Order and the Church of Jediism, formed to organize and promote Jediism as a legitimate path. Jediism has continued spreading, especially online, and attracts followers from various faith backgrounds and orientations.
Criticisms and Controversies
As a decentralized, open religion without set doctrines, Jediism contains many contradictions and inconsistencies. Its lack of structure leads to disputes between different Jedi factions. Critics argue Jediism appropriates, misrepresents, or cheapens elements from established religions like Buddhism, Taoism, Catholicism, and spiritualism.
Some conservative Christian groups condemn Jediism as a dangerous form of post-modern relativism or New Age occultism. They may also view it as a sacrilegious mockery of Christianity by turning media fiction into an object of religious devotion. Due to such critiques, Jediism remains highly controversial within some Christian circles.
Additionally, the obsession of some Jedi followers with Star Wars lore and roleplaying aesthetic has led to perceptions of Jediism as an immature failure to grow out of fiction. However, many Jedi practitioners see their fandom origins as less important to the substantive spiritual philosophy.
Comparison to Christianity
There are some surface similarities between Jediism and Christianity but the core beliefs contrast significantly. Both emphasize morality, redemption, spiritual discipline, and self-sacrifice. However, Christianity sees human nature as fallen and needing salvation while Jediism sees humanity as inherently good but imperfect.
Christians worship a personal, transcendent Creator who seeks relationship with His creations. Jedi revere an impersonal Force that is immanent in all things. Christians seek transformation through the work of Jesus Christ while the Jedi way is based on self-effort. Jediism lacks any concept of sin, divine grace, or an afterlife separate from cosmic oneness.
Whereas Christian practices revolve around prayer, repentance, worship, and Bible study, Jedi meditation focuses on emptying the self and unifying with the Force. Christianity has fixed scriptural canon while Jediism’s texts come from modern popular culture. Due to these major differences, the two religions share very little in common in their actual substance.
- Jediism is a decentralized new religious movement based on spiritual themes from Star Wars.
- Jedi believe in the Force, follow the Jedi Code, and practice meditation, training, and moral living.
- The Jedi path draws from Eastern philosophies and New Age principles more than Christianity.
- Critics see Jediism as contradictory, derivative, or an inappropriate fixation on fiction.
- Core Christian doctrines like God, Christ, sin, and salvation differ starkly from Jedi beliefs.
In summary, while Jediism adopts some metaphysical concepts and ethical values from established religions, it diverges from Christian tenets on the nature of God, the universe, humanity, and spirituality. Christianity offers a fundamentally different worldview built on the incarnation, teachings, and resurrection of Jesus Christ, the Son of God. | <urn:uuid:08efaeba-3ba8-4685-bf2e-f143a64086d6> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.answerthebible.com/what-is-the-jedi-religion-jediism/ | 2024-10-09T08:00:42Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.931652 | 1,120 | 3.125 | 3 |
What are the materials boat gas tanks made of?
Many years ago steel was the preferred choice for fuel
systems. It was an excellent barricade against petrol vapor and its range of
components was very competitive when building in large volumes. In spite of
several advantages of using steel to build tanks and other pieces, the heavy
penalty and persistent potential of corrosion and leaks make provision for the
introduction of plastic. Now, plastic is widely material for boat gas tanks.
The most common hazardous substance that is widely stored in
plastic tanks is gasoline fuel. However, these tanks are also used to store
other flammable stuff such as motor oil, natural gas, butane, and transformer
Aluminum gas tanks have plenty of advantages over other
metals. These advantages include being lightweight, durable, and
cost-effective. They offer increased compartment space utilization, improved
convenience, and enhanced safety due to being non-explosive. Aluminum boat gas
tanks are also flexible, which allows for the spread of vapors and mending
after an accident.
The material employed by manufacturers is not always of the top
quality. It may have the same volume when it is about lubricating ability of it
and the ignition quality. Tank manufacturing firms alert against using home
heating oil in shielded combustion engines. That is apparently not a safe
practice at all.
Plastic is a very common material used in making parts of
machinery and equipment belonging to automotive, construction, commercial,
marine, petroleum, military, and other industries. Plastic fuel tanks come in
different shapes and sizes. However, the typical configurations of aluminum
gas tanks include rectangular, horizontal, v-shaped, cylindrical, and
There are several advantages of aluminum over steel. It is
more malleable than mild steel but less ductile than steel. The material is
preferred by marine manufacturers because it provides them with the ability to
design innovative and customized solutions. They have high-impact strength and
maintain integrity after an impact therefore minimizing the risk of leakage.
The best part of boat gas tanks
that are made of aluminum is they do not corrode. Aluminum is a powerful
conductor of electricity and offers amazing corrosion-resistance. Aluminum is
lighter because of its low density. Though it’s comparatively more expensive
than carbon steel, due to its characteristics, fuel tank technicians suggest
aluminum for most of the applications.
Corrosion elements of biofuels play a big role in the
durability of fuel tanks and engine components. Biofuels are of hygroscopic
character thus they are capable of attracting and holding moisture from the
surrounding environment and corrode the material to which it is exposed. When
fabricating fuel tanks for boats, technicians apply an appropriate coating to
the material to prevent condensation and corrosion. | <urn:uuid:48c67c1b-f836-4db8-99e7-e61a4706b320> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.apsense.com/article/what-are-the-materials-boat-gas-tanks-made-of.html | 2024-10-09T05:56:59Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.961791 | 605 | 2.765625 | 3 |
Beautiful indoor plants that you can easily grow from seeds bring the joy of gardening into your home. These varieties range from lush foliage to vibrant flowers, all starting from a simple seed.
With the right care, these plants can thrive indoors, adding a touch of nature to any room. Whether you're a seasoned gardener or a beginner, growing plants from seeds offers a rewarding experience that enhances your living space.
Get inspired by these 14 indoor plant ideas, each showcasing the beauty and diversity of what you can cultivate from the ground up.
African violets are a delightful choice for indoor gardening, known scientifically as Saintpaulia.
Their seeds may be minuscule, resembling tiny dots, yet they hold the potential to bloom into stunning flowers.
Start by filling a tray or small pot with quality potting mix and gently pressing it down before misting the surface with water.
With this careful preparation, you can sprinkle those little seeds on top and watch your vibrant garden grow from just a few tiny beginnings.
Anthurium, known scientifically as Anthurium andraeanum, captivates with its stunning blooms and striking foliage.
Growing this beauty from seeds requires patience, but the reward of nurturing multiple plants is truly fulfilling.
Start by placing the seeds on moist soil in a container; then mist them lightly and cover with plastic or glass for warmth.
Maintaining a cozy environment around 23-24°C allows those seeds to flourish into elegant additions to your indoor garden.
Asparagus fern, scientifically known as Asparagus setaceus, thrives indoors and is a great choice for those looking to nurture greenery from seeds.
Growing this semi-shrub is straightforward; simply start your seeds in spring using a light potting mix that encourages growth.
Once you see new shoots emerge during the summer, it's time to transfer them into wider pots of about 10-12 cm in diameter.
For optimal health, use an equal blend of mold, leaves, soil, and sand in your potting mix—this combination supports robust development while adding texture to your indoor garden!
Cactus cultivation involves nurturing these resilient plants from seeds, specifically belonging to the Cactaceae family.
Sourcing quality seeds from a mature cactus is crucial; after washing them thoroughly, separating the pieces of fruit enhances germination potential.
Allowing the seeds to dry for a few days prepares them for planting in well-draining organic soil mixed with perlite and charcoal.
With optimal humidity and temperatures between 20-25°C, you can enjoy successful growth year-round while adding stunning greenery to your space.
Cat grass refers to a special type of grass that cats enjoy nibbling on, scientifically known as Dactylis glomerata. Growing it from seeds is incredibly straightforward and rewarding.
Start by selecting your favorite container and fill it with soil just below the rim for optimal growth. After moistening the mix, scatter the seeds evenly across the surface; gently pressing them down helps establish strong roots when those little sprouts begin to emerge.
Watching your cat indulge in this fresh treat brings joy while enhancing their well-being—an easy way to keep your furry friend happy!
Living stones, scientifically known as lithops, are fascinating plants that mimic the appearance of pebbles. Growing these unique specimens from seeds offers a rewarding challenge for plant lovers eager to enhance their indoor spaces.
A tailored potting mix is essential; blend soil with pumice stones, perlite, and sand in equal parts for optimal growth. After sprinkling the seeds on this mixture and lightly covering them with sand, watering thoroughly sets the stage for germination.
Covering your containers initially with glass creates a humid environment—just be sure to switch it out after a few days.
Nasturtium, or Tropaeolum, thrives indoors and delights with its cheerful flowers while providing edible benefits. Growing this plant requires a spacious container to accommodate its lush growth.
To promote healthy drainage, place pebbles at the bottom before adding potting mix. Light and warmth are essential for germination; simply press the seeds into the soil and watch them flourish!
You’ll enjoy vibrant blooms that not only beautify your space but can also add zest to your dishes.
Herbs are versatile plants that thrive both indoors and outdoors, bringing fresh aromas and flavors right to your kitchen.
Growing them from seeds is a rewarding experience; it can take just two to four weeks for these little wonders to sprout.
Choose spacious containers with plenty of light for optimal growth.
Ensure you plant the seeds at appropriate depths based on their size, keeping the soil moist while providing warmth if needed by covering pots lightly until they germinate.
Gloxinia, or Sinningia speciosa, is a stunning indoor plant that thrives beautifully from seeds. While often found in gardens, its vibrant blooms can brighten up your living space as well.
Selecting the right pot is crucial; opt for one between 4 to 6 inches filled with African violet potting soil. After moistening the soil and gently pressing in the seeds, cover it with a sealed plastic bag to create humidity—watch for germination within just a few days!
You'll find nurturing this eye-catching plant both rewarding and enjoyable.
Lavender is a fragrant herb cherished for its soothing scent and antibacterial properties. Cultivating this plant from seeds indoors requires minimal effort and provides a rewarding experience.
Select a spacious container to accommodate its growth into a lovely shrub, placing it in bright light near your window. Prior soaking of the seeds enhances germination; after that, choose only those that have sunk to the bottom for planting in nutrient-rich soil.
In about two weeks, you’ll witness delightful sprouts emerging!
Peace lily, known scientifically as Spathiphyllum wallisii, thrives beautifully indoors and can be cultivated from seeds in just a week. Start with fresh seeds; check the production date on your package to ensure viability.
Use a flat container equipped with proper drainage, filling it with an equal mix of sand and soil for optimal growth conditions. After sprinkling the seeds lightly on top, cover them gently and maintain warmth by protecting the container with glass at temperatures around 24-25°C.
Regularly misting the seeds keeps moisture levels up while allowing air circulation is crucial—remove that glass occasionally!
English ivy is a popular indoor plant known for its lush green leaves and climbing habit. Growing this beauty from seeds can be rewarding, though it does require some planning.
Begin by chilling the seeds in the refrigerator for about a month to prepare them for germination. After that, soak them overnight in water to kickstart growth before planting each seed individually in high-quality potting mix.
Keep an eye on moisture levels—maintain damp soil without overwatering until those delightful sprouts emerge!
Schefflera is a popular indoor plant known for its lush foliage and easy care. Growing Schefflera from seeds invites you into the rewarding world of gardening right at home.
Begin by choosing a shallow plastic container, ensuring proper drainage with holes at the bottom. A suitable soil mix—equal parts palm potting mix, hummus, peat, and sand—creates an ideal environment for seed germination.
Soaking the seeds in warm water enhances their growth potential; then press them lightly into the moist soil before covering your setup with glass to maintain warmth as they sprout beautifully over two to six weeks.
Coleus is a vibrant indoor plant that thrives when grown from seeds.
Obtaining coleus seeds is straightforward, and nurturing them can be rewarding.
Start by moistening potting soil in your container and distributing the seeds evenly across the surface before covering them lightly with more soil.
A warm environment with bright, indirect light encourages healthy growth; once sprouts emerge, simply remove any covering to let them flourish freely. | <urn:uuid:8326769f-47f9-4fdf-9111-eb4a03026361> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.archfoundation.org/d/top-indoor-plants-to-grow-from-seeds/ | 2024-10-09T07:53:24Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.927016 | 1,651 | 2.71875 | 3 |
Urinary tract infection is an infection that affects the urinary tract, the kidneys, ureters, bladder orurethra. The kidneys produce the urine, while the ureters transport it to the bladder. The bladder storesthe urine until is full, which is later released outside of the body through the urethra.
Urinary tract infections are divided into infections of the lower part (cystitis – infection of the bladder and urethritis – infection of the urethra) and infections of the upper part (pyelonephritis – infection of the kidneys).
Urinary tract infections often reoccur even with medical treatment. One in five women has more thanone UTI in a year. Women are at increased risk for UTIs during pregnancy.
Bacteria usually cause urinary tract infections. Bacteria can get inside into the urinary system whilewiping from back to front after a bowel movement, waiting too long to pass the urine, while having sexualintercourse, using tampons, spermicides, diaphragms, etc. During pregnancy the grown uteruscan block the drainage of urinefrom the bladder, causing an infection.
Signs and symptoms of the urinary tract infections will depend if the lower or the upper part of theurinary tract is affected. Signs and symptoms of urinary tract infections include:
• Painful urination or stinging while urinating.
• An urge to urinate
• Pressure in the lower abdomen
• Smelly urine which might look cloudy, milky or even reddish.
• Feeling tired
• Fever, etc.
Urinary tract infections are diagnosed through samples of urine. If the urine sample after lab analysisshows a presence of bacteria, you will probably need further checkups like an x-ray or an ultrasound ofthe urinary tract. Cystoscopy is also performed in cases when a closer visualization of the bladder isnecessary.
Antibiotics are the right treatment for urinary tract infections. It is very important to take themedication as prescribed by your doctor as urinary tract infections intend to reoccur. It is also importantto take the full treatment as prescribed by your doctor in order to treat the infection correctly and avoidantibiotic resistance in the future. Even though many women feel better in a day or two, take themedication for as long as your doctor has prescribed it. Usually antibiotic treatment is recommended for7 days.
If treated right, UTIs of the lower part are not likely to damage the kidneys or the urinary tract.However, if left untreated the infection can spread upwards into the ureter and kidneys, as well as intothe rest of the body, causing serious problems.
Urinary tract infections often reoccur and especially in women. There are a few simple things that youcan do daily in order to prevent a UTI, like:
• Do not hold the urine – urinate when you need to.
• Urinate before and especially after sexual intercourse.
• Wipe from front to back after a bowel movement and not from the back to the front.
• Drink a lot of fluids daily, water is the best.
• Keep a good personal hygiene.
• Do not use hygiene sprays and douches.
• Do not use spermicides without a doctor’s prescription.
• Wear cotton underwear.
• Do not wear tight pants.
• Take showers instead of baths.
Dmitry Bronfman, MD, is a board-certified gynecologist who specializes in all aspects of contemporary women’s health, preventive medicine, pelvic pain, minimally invasive and robotic surgery, and general, adolescent, and menopausal gynecology.
Brooklyn Abortion Clinic | <urn:uuid:5cbd13d4-1c63-4e0c-af6f-3e637cbe9f3b> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.brooklynabortionclinic.nyc/urinary-tract-infections-is-every-woman-at-risk/ | 2024-10-09T05:52:42Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.934877 | 765 | 3.375 | 3 |
Common Myths about Melasma in Gudgaon
Melanin is the skin pigment that gives the skin its color. A lot of reasons can be accounted for either an excess or a lack of this pigment in the skin, causing the skin problem often referred to as skin pigmentation. Environmental, hormonal, or some genetic issues can cause excess production of melanin. In medical terms, this condition is known as melasma. This skin condition causes dark patches on the skin. It may develop on the cheeks, forehead, and other areas around the face. This condition is more likely to develop among individuals with a family history of melasma or pregnant ladies. Melasma can also occur due to serious medical conditions. Hence, it requires a proper medical examination by a dermatologist to determine the root cause of the problem. In this blog Dr. Niti Gaur, an expert dermatologist at Citrine Clinic, Gurugram will help to debunk the myths surrounding melasma and about the treatments that help one to get a clear melasma-free skin.
Myth: Melasma occurs due to pregnancy
Fact: Melasma is also known as the “mask of pregnancy,” and changes in hormonal levels might play a role in melasma, which may explain its occurrence during pregnancy. However, this condition does not occur exclusively in pregnant women. It may also be found in a few women using birth control pills. Hormonal therapy may also lead to melasma. Men may also develop melasma due to excessive sun exposure, hormonal imbalance, or any medical disease. So the main reason for melasma to appear is hormonal imbalance and not just pregnancy.
Myth: Applying sunscreen only while going out in the sun helps to prevent melasma
Fact: This misconception is the most common reason for pigmentation of any kind in the first place. Even when it is not sunny outside, harmful UV light is present. On days like these, not applying sunscreen leaves the skin exposed to damage. Also, nowadays we spend a lot of time in front of the screens (mobiles, laptops) which emit blue rays which can also affect the skin. Hence, applying sunscreen is a must in both indoor & outdoor places.
Myth: All lasers can treat melasma
Fact: Specific lasers and specific settings are used for different kinds of pigmentation, as the wrong laser wavelength or settings can make the initial problem worse. Another important factor for laser treatment is the right diagnosis. Hence, skin analysis by a dermatologist is a must before proceeding with the laser treatment for melasma. Needless to say, one must get the laser treatment done only in a reputed clinic where the procedure is performed by trained laser specialists under the guidance of a dermatologist. At Citrine Clinic we use only FDA-approved lasers that are safe and effective for all types of skin.
Myth: Pigmentation is genetic and can’t be prevented
Fact: Pigmentation is the result of three main factors namely sun exposure, genetics, and the natural process of aging. One may be genetically prone to suffer from melasma and pigmentation-related issues. The best way to prevent it is by maintaining a strict sun protection routine that includes daily use of sunscreen and getting expert help. After that, a maintenance regimen should be followed as prescribed by the dermatologist. Many advanced treatments and medical-grade serums containing antioxidants help to brighten one’s complexion and even out the skin tone. The active ingredients in various creams and serums have pigmentation-lightening properties.
Myth: Effects of the treatment remain forever.
Fact: A variety of factors cause melasma and there are chances of recurrence after many treatments since it is related to hormonal imbalance and sun exposure. A healthy lifestyle and regular use of sunscreen are recommended. And, if any underlying medical condition is causing melasma then it must be treated in the first place to bid goodbye to melasma. At Citrine Clinic we have advanced melasma treatments that follow a holistic approach and besides treating the condition these treatments also minimize the chances of recurrence.
Treatment for Melasma
This skin condition goes away on its own, usually following the pregnancy or when a woman stops using birth control pills. But as explained above, in some cases, the pigmentation persists. Treatments such as prescribed creams, laser resurfacing, chemical peels, laser toning, and microdermabrasion can help show long-term results.
Understanding melasma and proper diagnosis of the causative agent is the initial step to prevent and treat pigmentation issues successfully. For more information about the best melasma treatment in Gurgaon reach us at +91 9319581808 or drop an email at [email protected]. | <urn:uuid:94d5343b-c270-446b-ac81-e68e05f512c9> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.citrineclinic.com/blog-post/common-myths-about-melasma | 2024-10-09T07:47:41Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.931439 | 968 | 2.515625 | 3 |
1. Hate Speech: One way in which users abuse social media platforms to perpetuate discrimination, attacks, and violence is through the use of hate speech. Hate speech refers to any form of speech, writing, or behavior that seeks to demean, harm, or denigrate a particular group of people based on their race, ethnicity, gender, religion, sexual orientation, national origin, or any other characteristic. Hate speech can create a hostile environment and incite violence against individuals or groups, ultimately violating their human rights. Social media platforms have been used to spread hate speech, particularly through the use of anonymous accounts, fake news, and trolling.
2. Online Harassment: Another way in which users abuse social media platforms to perpetuate discrimination, attacks, and violence is through online harassment. Online harassment refers to any form of online behavior that is intended to cause harm, humiliation, or distress to another person. Online harassment can take various forms such as cyberbullying, doxing, revenge porn, stalking, and threats of violence. This behavior can have severe psychological and emotional effects on those targeted, leading to anxiety, depression, and fear. Online harassment can, therefore, violate the human rights of individuals, including their right to freedom of expression, privacy, and security. Social media platforms can be powerful tools for online harassment, as they provide a platform for individuals to anonymously harass others with impunity. | <urn:uuid:eb35adfe-fb31-45ea-95db-0723b1b240a0> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.classace.io/answers/two-ways-in-which-users-ubuse-social-media-platforms-to-perpetuate-discriminationattacks-and-violence-in-other-peoples-human-rights | 2024-10-09T06:59:35Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.941087 | 279 | 3.625 | 4 |
Indigenous Nations across Canada face serious housing challenges, including overcrowding and poor building practices. Western planning and management have dominated the development of housing for Indigenous Nations for decades. This has contributed to culturally inappropriate housing conditions, and the perpetuation of poverty and dependence in the Indian reserve system.
The IISAAK OLAM Foundation’s Indigenous Housing Solutions Lab will pursue a collaborative design process that combines Indigenous and Western perspectives. Indigenous cultural context and knowledge will work in parallel with Western approaches to develop innovative on- and off-reserve housing solutions. The result will be an innovative, inclusive view for community housing and how it can improve Indigenous socio-economic conditions.
Key Findings / Key Goals
Present a vision of how community housing and housing innovation can support Indigenous culture, health and well-being.
Advance greater autonomy and responsibility for housing by Indigenous Peoples, Nations, organizations and communities.
Share lessons learned from the Lab through a community of practice of five First Nations in British Columbia.
Project scope and expected outcomes
Culturally sensitive housing solutions
Healthy, sustainable housing is a critical social determinant of health and well-being. Indigenous communities, however, are some of the most vulnerable in Canada. On-reserve household incomes and living standards are far below national averages, and homelessness and mental health issues disproportionately impact members. Culturally sensitive housing solutions that promote health, cultural well-being and economic renewal can help address these issues in Indigenous communities.
Ethical space and two-eyed seeing
The Solutions Lab will draw on several different methods, including human-centred design, systems thinking and practice, and adaptive learning. It will also use ethical space and two-eyed seeing methodologies, drawing equally on both Indigenous and Western knowledge and culture.
The Lab will be conducted over 5 phases:
- The Definition Phase develops the Lab’s leadership team, shared agreements, and process and structures. It includes actor mapping, meetings with Indigenous Elders, development of Indigenous practices and additional research.
- The Discovery Phase involves research and community engagement. Lab participants will come together to explore research and engagement findings, and to share their perspectives. Activities will build empathy and a deeper understanding of the housing system among participants.
- The Development Phase will have Lab participants imagine how healthy, affordable housing might look in the community. Elders and youth will be engaged in this process. Participants will learn about best practice examples and will identify leverage points that can promote change. Solutions will be identified and Prototype Teams will be formed.
- The Delivery and Prototyping Phase will design and test solutions. These could include solutions for housing design or for areas like governance, capacity and rental policies. Prototype Teams will implement the tests across different iterations. The results and Lab Team recommendations will be documented.
- The Roadmap Phase involves the Prototype Teams presenting their findings to Lab participants. They will identify implications together for moving the community forward. The roadmap then will be shared with the larger community and finalized based on community input.
Evaluating the Lab process and impacts
The Lab Team will convene after the Roadmap Phase to evaluate the Lab process and impacts. They will help create knowledge products related to the Lab and share them widely. The Lab will also focus on strengthening its community of practice, widening its network and building capacity with local leadership. Finally, a course on culturally grounded housing design will be developed.
Project Team: IISAAK OLAM Foundation
Location: Victoria, British Columbia
Clean Tech Community Gateway
RJC + MITACS + University of Victoria
Dr. Phalguni Mukhopadhyaya and Dr. Ralph Evins, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Victoria
Ready to Shift and Scale
Tseycum First Nation
Get More Information: | <urn:uuid:fb16a809-3d36-4e6f-8669-d75b1f4903ad> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca/nhs/nhs-project-profiles/2019-nhs-projects/indigenous-housing-solutions-lab | 2024-10-09T06:22:01Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.929336 | 769 | 2.96875 | 3 |
Nearly 800,000 Americans each year suffer a new or recurrent stroke. To observe National Stroke Awareness Month, Country Meadows Retirement Communities has a few important facts about stroke to share with you.
A stroke, caused by a blockage in an artery carrying blood to the brain, generally affects one side of the body, with varied results. The American Stroke Association (ASA) says the most common effects are paralysis on one side, either vision or speech and language problems, either quick or slow behavior and memory loss. About a third of stroke survivors develop memory problems.
As we age, our risk for stroke increases, with most occurring during the senior living years. Nearly three-quarters of all strokes occur in people over age 65.
The National Stroke Association (NSA) lists symptoms of memory loss following stroke as confusion or problems with short-term memory, getting lost in familiar places, difficulty following instructions and trouble with monetary transactions.
Brain retraining techniques can help stroke sufferers better their memory and thinking after a stroke and help them adapt to some memory loss. To stimulate the brain and improve memory, the NSA recommends trying a new hobby or activity and exercising, which enhances mental as well as physical fitness. The NSA also suggests having a permanent place for everything, keeping a set daily routine and writing down important facts and reminders in a notebook.
Country Meadows offers Restorative Care to help seniors set goals to restore their physical abilities and independence. And families who find that their loved one has suffered a stroke and needs memory care support services may wonder what to look for in choosing a program. For residents of Country Meadows Retirement Communities who have had strokes, Connections Memory Support Services offers them physical, emotional and intellectual assistance. Over the past twenty years, Country Meadows has cared for more than 10,000 people with memory loss, focusing on building bonds and caring for the whole person.
Our memory care support services include:
• A personalized support plan to match an individual’s needs and wants
• Addressing common emotional needs, like frustration and anxiety, through Validation
• Fun and intellectual stimulation with brain fitness activities
• A focus on the whole body with customized exercise program
• Building bonds and connections with My Life Story projects
The Country Meadows Connections Program provides the Connections Club for our residents who have experienced mild cognitive loss to alleviate their feelings of frustration and anxiety. A program manager works with each resident to develop a personalized support plan. For seniors with more serious memory loss, we offer the Connections Neighborhood with secure entrances and exits and added assistance with daily personal care needs.
If a friend or family member exhibits symptoms of a stroke, act immediately to get emergency help. The word “FAST” conveys the warning signs of a stroke as well as the necessity of a quick response: F – face drooping; A – arm weakness; S – speech difficulty; T – time to call 911. Other symptoms could be sudden numbness, trouble walking, confusion, trouble seeing and severe headache.
Please contact us to learn more about our Connections memory care program or for information on our senior living communities. You may also schedule a tour so that we can acquaint you with our vast array of services.
If you’re considering an active retirement in a senior independent living community, or are looking for an assisted living or a personal care home, we invite you to visit one or more of our senior living homes, where you will find residents with full lives in a family-oriented, caring environment. Country Meadows has 10 retirement communities in Pennsylvania as well as a Maryland retirement home. | <urn:uuid:2d5c32b8-1521-4a09-ab99-0ab96ae74c99> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.countrymeadows.com/blog/seniors-recovering-from-stroke-may-need-memory-support | 2024-10-09T06:05:59Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.947137 | 732 | 2.546875 | 3 |
Representative Michael Burgess led this briefing on the conflictual history in the Caucasus. Twenty years after the disappearance of the Soviet Union, the unresolved conflicts in the Caucasus remain one of its most problematic legacies. Despite the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe’s (OSCE) long mediation in the dispute over Nagorno-Karabakh, the results have been disappointing. After the 2008 Russia-Georgia war and Moscow’s subsequent recognition of the independence of Abkhazia and South Ossetia, the prospects for settling those conflicts seem more remote than ever.
The witnesses examined where these conflicts stood at the end of 2011, what factors impeded a settlement, whether the resumption of armed hostilities was a serious threat, whether changes in the negotiating format could yield a better outcome, and what, if anything, could the United States do to facilitate a resolution. | <urn:uuid:ca6977b2-1668-4364-b49a-9085711f3238> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.csce.gov/briefings/conflicts-caucasus-prospects-resolutions/ | 2024-10-09T06:34:06Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.919451 | 177 | 2.59375 | 3 |
Find us on...
The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) is an international agreement with the aim of ensuring that international trade in specimens of wild animals and plants does not threaten their survival. The Convention protects vulnerable species, which are listed on "CITES Appendices" from being excessively traded and exploited unsustainably in the wild, as their extinction would have severe ecological, social and economic consequences. CITES contains three Appendices, each offering a different level of protection. The red panda, the giant salamander and the Bornean orangutan are all examples of animals listed in Appendix I of CITES, where trade is only permitted in exceptional circumstances. Rare orchid and cycad species and monkey puzzle trees are examples of plant species listed on Appendix I.
Practically, trade of species listed on Appendix II of CITES is controlled by means of a permit system. All import, export and re-export of species covered by the Convention is authorised through a licensing system.
Several natural ingredients used in cosmetics are listed under CITES. Some examples include the following, but this list is not exhaustive:
- Certain aloe species
- Rosewood oil
- Agarwood oil
- Black tree fern
The Species+ website contains information on all species that are listed in the Appendices of CITES.
Trade in the raw material itself, but also trade in a cosmetic product or bulk formulation containing the raw material are all subject to CITES requirements. However, in a few cases, the CITES Appendix II entry for a species may contain a note exempting finished cosmetic products packaged and ready for retail trade from CITES permit requirements.
The UK is a signatory to CITES in its own right. Therefore, CITES requirements will continue to apply after the UK leaves the EU. However, if no deal is achieved between the UK and EU, the UK will become a third country with respect to the EU and so there will be a significant change regarding movement of cosmetic products containing CITES-listed species between the UK and the EU after Brexit.
In the EU, CITES is implemented via the EU Wildlife Trade Regulations, which set requirements for trade in certain species within, to and from the EU and the rest of the world. Currently, this means that movement of CITES-controlled goods can occur between the UK and EU without the need for permits. Following the UK's exit from the EU, movement of all species controlled under CITES between the UK and the EU will no longer take place freely. Import, export and re-export permits will be required.
Therefore, companies currently moving products, which contain CITES-listed species, only within the EU will face a new requirement for permits after the UK's exit from the EU. Permit applications can be made by post or online to the UK Government's Animal and Plant Health Agency's Centre for International Trade (APHA). During the application process, the permit application paperwork may be sent to the scientific authority at the Royal Botanical Gardens at Kew for assessment.
Trade in CITES goods between the UK and the EU can currently be done through any UK port or airport due to free movement within the EU. In the event of leaving the EU without a deal, this will not be the case and specific ports and airports of entry and exit will be designated for the import and export of CITES goods.
Currently there are just 10 ports and airports for CITES trade with countries outside the EU but this will be increased to 29 in the event of a No Deal scenario, including Eurotunnel, Dover and Holyhead. Further information on the new list of CITES designated ports may be found at this link.
Further advice and information may be found on the Government's Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) webpage. | <urn:uuid:e67b76c3-adc2-4297-844e-d732559b70fd> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.ctpa.org.uk/news/cosmetics-containing-cites-listed-natural-ingredients-moving-products-around-the-eu-after-brexit-4084 | 2024-10-09T07:26:18Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.938323 | 813 | 2.953125 | 3 |
What's Going on Inside
Eczema is a skin condition that causes itchy, red patches on different locations of the body and affects over 30 million people, especially children between the ages of one and five. The standard treatment is steroidal creams, corticosteroids, or antihistamines but this does not address the underlying cause of why it started in the first place. Scientists are finding that infants with a low intestinal microbial diversity during the first month of life are associated with atopic eczema. At least 60% of the cases of eczema are found in children under five years of age, but more and more adults are having flareups. More evidence is pointing to the use of antibiotics and diets that harm the gut flora.
Eczema and Dermatitis
Eczema can also be called dermatitis and is caused by an overabundance of antibodies in the system called immunoglobulin (IgE). The production of IgE is the body's overreaction and attempt to protect itself. This is why eczema is considered an autoimmune condition which means that the body is basically harming itself.
Underlying causes can be multifaceted and you have to be a little bit of a detective to assess what's going on that has your skin erupting and causing distressing symptoms. Remember, disease is not the enemy. It's the warning sign and the body's cry for help.
Look at the Gut First
The first place to look is in your gut. Many people with eczema have allergic reactions to food. We often see that people with food allergies are missing important gut bacteria that have been killed by antibiotics. This can go hand in hand with eczema. The skin is one of the body's biggest detoxifiers and when you eat something the body can't digest properly, your skin may flare up in an allergic reaction. Removing the offending foods will help, but healing the gut with a cultured food at every meal goes a long way in not only restoring missing bacteria that are causing the food allergies but also in allowing the skin to heal and restore itself. Check out my Healing From Food Allergies post
Sugar And Eczema
Sugar is a huge trigger for eczema. Sugar can cause inflammation, and high glucose (hyperglycemia) can result in increased inflammation systemically. Foods high in sugar may also trigger eczema flare-ups. If you have eczema, watch and see if it doesn't worsen if you have sugar. Sugar causes your insulin levels to spike, which can result in inflammation and a myriad of other problems. I would make sure to cut out sugar if you have any kind of skin inflammation since it is one of the big culprits in skin eruptions.
Kefir, Cultured Veggies, and Eczema
We've had many people tell us that their eczema has cleared after adding cultured foods to their diets. Kefir is the cultured food with the most probiotics and many have told us that kefir made all the difference in healing their eczema.
One study done with homemade kefir consumption found that it improved skin conditions and especially those with eczema Atopic dermatitis (AD), the most common form of eczema.
Over the last few years, scientists have established a link between the gut microbiome and the skin. They now know that if you alter the gut flora in a negative way it can cause severe allergic reactions in the skin. Taking lots of antibiotics that wipe out the good bacteria, as well as the harmful bacteria, can lead to greater intestinal permeability or "leaky gut syndrome." This can allow certain intestinal bacteria to migrate to the spleen and lymph nodes and increase the severity of allergic skin reactions.
Cultured foods such as kefir, and especially cultured vegetables, are loaded with the probiotic Lactobacillus Plantarum (L. Plantarum) which, in this study, reduced SCORAD (a clinical tool for assessing the severity of atopic dermatitis-AD) in children with dermatitis. Supplementation with the probiotic L. Plantarum offered a potential treatment for children with this disease and further long-term studies are being done to confirm its therapeutic efficacy.
Another double-blind study was conducted on 220 children (one to eighteen years of age) with moderate-to-severe dermatitis. The children received the probiotics Lactobacillus paracasei (L. paracasei) and Lactobacillus fermentum (L. fermentum) (both of which are in kefir) for three months. The children who received the probiotics showed lower SCORAD scores than the placebo group and this difference remained even after four months of discontinuing the probiotics.
One more study was done on 90 children (one to three years of age) with moderate-to-severe AD. They were treated with a mixture of Lactobacillus acidophilus (which is in kefir) and Bifidobacterium lactis (B. lactis) with fructooligosaccharides (FOS) (see below) at a dosage of 5 billion colony-forming units twice daily for 8 weeks versus a placebo. They found a decrease in the SCORAD test of 33.7% in the probiotic group. FOS is a prebiotic which makes your good bacteria grow and is the predominant ingredient in Prebio Plus.
Cassie Barnhart Story
Check out Cassie's story and her journey of healing herself and her son of eczema. The body knows how to heal. It just needs your help and you are the only one who controls what you put into your body. Try it and see what happens! It's just food and it might just change everything
Two years ago, my son and I developed eczema shortly after he was born. I knew that it was somehow connected to the IV antibiotics I received while I was in labor with him since none of my other kids had antibiotics while I was in labor and they were eczema free. I had never had eczema before the IV antibiotics either. Doctors told me there was no cure for eczema and that the antibiotics couldn't have given us eczema. My baby was covered from head to toe in horrible oozing eczema and I had to keep his hands covered 24/7 to keep him from scratching himself to the point of bleeding. I noticed that our eczema was worse when I ate anything with dairy or gluten in it. I begged God for wisdom and started reading and researching as much as I could. I started us both on probiotics and started drinking organic apple cider vinegar every day. When my son was old enough, I started giving him apple cider vinegar too. Then I discovered sourdough and kefir. I no longer have eczema! It's amazing! My son is almost eczema free and if he does have a flare-up, it's not bad at all. We're still working on getting his gut health restored. He LOVES his kefir. He asks for it at every meal and drinks it with only a little fruit from the second ferment. He knows he needs it. 🙂 Doctors still don't believe me, but it doesn't matter. I know without a doubt that it healed us and that antibiotics were the root cause.
UPDATE!!! We just received this: "I wanted to give you an update. I think my son was about two years old when I originally shared our story and he’s now five years old and has been eczema free for a few years now! He still loves kefir and now kombucha as well."
Your Liver and Kombucha
Your skin can often reflect what's going on in your liver. Your liver removes toxins 24 hours a day. When it gets overloaded and excessive toxins build up in the deep layers of the skin and it can't eliminate them all, it will often come out through your skin. It can show up as atopic dermatitis (eczema), psoriasis, or rashes.
Many people with eczema will be treated with strong steroid creams or antihistamine drugs to stop the symptoms; but then the toxins are suppressed deeper into the body and cannot escape through the skin, and things can get worse over time.
Kombucha assists the liver in detoxification: Kombucha is full of glucuronic acid, which plays a part in one of the body's most important detoxification processes: glucuronidation, a process in which glucuronic acid binds to toxins and transforms them so they can be easily eliminated by the kidneys. The liver produces this substance naturally, but sometimes the body can’t keep up with the number of pollutants that it comes into contact with. The extra glucuronic acid in kombucha basically helps make up the difference.
It's fabulous for liver health and you will notice that when you first start drinking it you will urinate more as it flushes toxins out.
Testimony - Kombucha and Eczema
Just last week I received an email from a subscriber who found that four weeks of drinking kombucha helped heal her sister's hands.
Check out these amazing results!
Adding Fermented Foods
Changing your gut flora can go a long way in helping with any kind of skin condition. All of these studies showed that any or all of these different strains of good bacteria worked in helping to heal the skin.
So, why not consume a cup of kefir, a few spoonfuls of cultured vegetables, and a glass of kombucha every day? If you do this, you get all the probiotics used in the studies in three delicious foods. The body has a protective halo around probiotic foods versus supplements that allows the body to utilize these foods more powerfully. Supplements can often be killed in the stomach acids. When you're trying to heal a skin condition, always start with the gut first. In addition to these cultured foods, eat lots of prebiotic foods that allow your good bacteria to grow and flourish. Eliminate processed and sugary foods and eat lots of fruits and veggies. Include good fats along with lots of omega-3 fatty acids. While there are many different protocols for dealing with these skin ailments, all of them should consist of diet and essential nutrients such as probiotics, prebiotics, vitamins, and minerals that the body needs.
I also have a couple more things that can really help your skin and body heal.
More Liver Help
Another great help to your liver is a product called Livamend. It can help support a healthy liver and improves bowel elimination too.
- Decongests the liver
- Increases bile flow
The liver and bowels are the body’s main organs for cleansing the blood and tissue of toxins. A congested liver is reflected in the skin and the eyes. Keeping the liver decongested is important to maintain overall well-being.
Body Ecology’s LivAmend increases bile flow, supporting a healthy liver and improving bowel elimination. I have found it is wonderful for giving your liver an extra boost, especially when the skin is having problems.
Something I do all the time is to bathe in mineral salts. Our body needs minerals to perform the hundreds of processes required to keep our cells healthy and thriving. Mineral salts can help with symptoms of skin disorders like eczema and other skin problems too. These types of skin issues can often be supported by getting extra minerals in the form of a bath. I try to find the richest mineral content that helps accelerate natural exfoliation and restores the skin’s pH balance. I've also found it's great for lowering blood pressure and helping you sleep. These salts have a high-quality magnesium harvested from the dead sea and it is actually the same magnesium they use in hospitals for IVs. Soaking in a bath with minerals is one of the best ways to get more magnesium in the body. It absorbs just what it needs and it's fun, relaxing, and smells good too. Check out any mineral bath salts that are rich in minerals. This is just the one I use.
Learning to Make The Trilogy
Listen To My Podcast
Changing your gut flora can go a long way in helping with any kind of skin condition. I have lots of new information and testimonies of people who have helped with this condition. Tune in to learn more.
- S. Fallon, Nourishing Traditions (Washington, D.C: New Trends Publishing, 1999): 596.
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“A sudden marine heat wave off the coast of Florida has surprised scientists and sent water temperatures soaring to unprecedented highs, threatening one of the most severe coral bleaching events the state has ever seen.” CNN headline, July 16, 2023
Cory Krediet, Ph.D., associate professor of marine science and biology at Eckerd College, had seen the warning signs and anticipated what was coming. But even he was surprised at how fast and how early it was unfolding.
Coral and dinoflagellate algae are an example of one of nature’s most successful symbiotic relationships. They depend on each other to survive, Krediet explains, but if stressed by increased ocean temperatures or pollution, the coral will expel the algae. Without the algae, the coral loses its major food source and its color, leaving the coral eerily bleached and vulnerable to disease, starvation and death.
Within the last several months, sea surface temperatures around Florida have reached the highest levels on record—close to 97 degrees Fahrenheit in some areas around the Keys—according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The warming isn’t just extreme—it’s happening much earlier than normal. Water temperatures around Florida don’t usually peak until late August and September.
This is no small problem. Not only do Florida’s reefs generate billions of dollars through activities such as fishing and tourism, Krediet says more than 25% of marine species depend on coral reefs at some point in their lives. A NOAA study published last year found that climate-change-fueled coral disease and bleaching had already reduced Florida’s reefs by 70%.
“Coral reefs are essential to the ocean ecosystem,” Krediet adds. “We have the potential to devastate the marine environment. It’s up to us to take action now.”
This is exactly what Krediet and his students are doing. He has been working in his lab on campus to try to expose different types of algae to temperature variations and see which is more resilient.
Anemone polyps in the lab at Eckerd College; photo by Cory Krediet
“We can mimic what’s going on in the Caribbean right now,” he says. “We’re trying to introduce beneficial microbes to corals that don’t already have them, to improve their resilience and enable them to handle stress a little better.”
Working alongside him are senior marine science students Cara DeLacluyse, from Grayslake, Illinois, and Victoire Litre, from Harrison, New York. “My research focuses on how acclimation to environmental stressors, such as high salinity, improves pathogenic resistance in anemones,” Cara points out. “Corals currently face many compounding stressors, one of which is disease. Any tool we can use to possibly improve their survival is worth studying.”
“It feels like a race against the clock,” Krediet adds. “All the work we’re doing needs to happen faster. It’s not just the water getting warmer. The oceans are also acidifying, and that also increases the risk of coral disease and makes them more vulnerable. So it’s this one-two punch of stressors that can be too much for the coral to handle.
“Our job is to gather data and present it so that the public, and the people in power, can make the right decisions. It’s not too late. But it’s a global problem; no one country can solve this.”
Stone crab; photo by Philip Gravinese
Krediet and another of his students, Connor Dempsey, a senior marine science major from Babylon, New York, will be spending several weeks in late July and early August at the Mote Marine Laboratory’s Elizabeth Moore International Center for Coral Reef Research & Restoration in the Florida Keys. Along with a fully equipped marine science laboratory, the center has dormitories; a field support staff; and easy access to reefs, sea-grass meadows and mangrove forests.
They aren’t the only representatives of Eckerd College at the center working to save marine life. Philip Gravinese, Ph.D., assistant professor of marine science at Eckerd, also is conducting research at the Mote Marine Lab this summer along with four of his students. Using a grant from the National Science Foundation and a collaboration with Louisiana State University, Gravinese and his team are studying the stone crab fishery—a multimillion-dollar industry in Florida.
Gravinese and his collaborators at LSU hypothesize that future climate change could result in stone crabs moving north or into deeper waters, and stone crab populations in Florida may be susceptible to community fragmentation.
“We are collecting stone crabs and raising their larvae in present day, mid-century and end-of-century temperature and pH conditions” Gravinese explains. “The goal is to identify what the larval-crab swimming behaviors are under ambient conditions and then see if those swimming behaviors change when they grow up in the different climate scenarios.
“The swimming behavior data we collect will then be used by colleagues at LSU to create the first population model for the stone crab fishery that incorporates how the population may become fragmented with future climate change. The hope is that this model will inform managers of how the population may shift with climate change.”
Gravinese adds that students working on this research also gain outreach experience as they present their work to middle school and high school students. The students also will be invited to contribute as co-authors when the research is compiled for publication.
“Dr. Krediet and I are excited to provide opportunities for our students to work on answering important and novel research questions,” Gravinese says, “which is a perfect example of Eckerd’s dedication and commitment to hands-on research experiences.”
Top to bottom: Seniors studying stone crabs in the Florida Keys include Rebecca Meberg, Eliza Patty and Thomas White | <urn:uuid:64f5b41d-c582-4ddb-96ec-e3c7a0e458af> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.eckerd.edu/news/blog/florida-coral-reefs-stone-crabs/ | 2024-10-09T07:47:24Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.957012 | 1,282 | 3.5 | 4 |
- Do you know why Muslims around the world celebrate Eid al-Fitr?
- It’s one of the biggest days of the year for more than a billion people around the world, a day of breaking the Ramadan fast, feasting, and celebrating with friends and family.
- But the end of Ramadan is also the perfect time to consider the lives of the most vulnerable people among us.
- That’s why Embrace Relief’s International Hunger Relief: Ramadan campaign is working to provide food packages and hot meals to tens of thousands of people around the world.
Eid Mubarak! The end of Ramadan 2024 will marked by Eid al-Fitr, which is expected to take place in the United States from sunset on Tuesday, April 9, until sunset on Wednesday, April 10.
Concluding the month-long observance of the holy month of Ramadan, Eid al-Fitr is one of the biggest holidays on the Islamic calendar. It’s a day known for its communal prayers, gatherings, feasts, gifts, and charity.
In English, Eid al-Fitr translates to “Feast of the Breaking of the Fast,” referencing the obligatory fasting period of Ramadan in which Muslims refrain from eating or drinking between the hours of sunrise and sunset. The exact date of Eid each year will vary, because it occurs not on a specific Gregorian calendar date, but rather at the first sighting of the crescent moon that begins Shawwal, the 10th month on the Islamic calendar.
Here are five things you need to know about this important annual festival:
Eid al-Fitr is a day of giving. At the conclusion of the Ramadan fast at sunset prior to the day of Eid, Muslims are obliged to give a charitable donation, zakat al-fitr, to support the needy. This is typically not a great amount of money – roughly $7 per person – but because all Muslims who can afford to are asked to donate, it adds up. Zakat is seen by many as a way to mirror God’s love and kindness, to offer thanks to God for guiding them through the difficult fasting period, and to strengthen community ties.
Eid is a day of communal prayer. Traditionally, morning prayers on Eid are held in an open space, often outdoors, allowing for communities to come together and offer their devotion to God. The Eid prayers consist of two rakat (sections), both preceded by a specific number of takbir (the repetition of the phrase Allahu akbar, “God is great”). These are followed by a sermon asking for forgiveness, peace, and blessings.
Eid is a day of banquets and feasts. The end of the Ramadan fast is cause for large meal gatherings on Eid, typically beginning once the morning prayer ends. With no more restrictions on what you can eat or drink – fasting is prohibited for the three days after the beginning of Eid – many households will prepare copious amounts of food depending on their local customs and cuisine. In many locations, there is an emphasis on sweet breakfast, lunch and dessert foods, giving the holiday the nickname “Sweet Eid.”
Eid is a day for family and friends to come together. Eid is celebrated as one of the most joyous days on the calendar. In many parts of the world, families will decorate their homes and open them to their families and neighbors. In addition to the food they share, friends and families will also give each other gifts, show off new clothes and shoes, and exchange blessings.
Eid al-Fitr is the “smaller” Eid holiday. Eid al-Fitr is only one of the two major Eid holidays in the Muslim world. The other, Eid al-Adha (Feast of the Sacrifice), is considered an even more important date in Islam than Eid al-Fitr. It commemorates the story of the prophet Ibrahim (known as Abraham in the Christian and Jewish traditions) and his willingness to sacrifice his son Isaac to earn God’s favor. This year in the United States, Eid al-Adha is expected to begin with sunset on Sunday, July 16, 2024.
Eid al-Fitr is of course a joyous time marked by food, fun and family. But it’s also a time to come together and share blessings with your fellow man. It’s a time for charity, empathy, and a real sense of supporting your community.
The end of the Ramadan fast is the perfect time to consider the impact you can make on people who are forced to go hungry each day. At Embrace Relief, we’ve made it a core part of our mission to deliver food to people in more than 50 countries worldwide, thanks to the support of people like you. If you have the ability, there’s never a bad time to provide a charitable donation that will make a real impact in people’s lives. But this month of reflection, empathy and charity is an especially good time to do so!
Help feed people in need with Embrace Relief
That’s where the Embrace Relief Foundation comes in. Providing food to people in need around the world is a foundational part of our work. We support and operate food distributions throughout the year in dozens of countries, delivering much-needed nutritious food to people in need around the globe.
Our annual International Hunger Relief campaigns make the greatest impact: during our two International Hunger Relief 2023 campaigns alone, Embrace Relief delivered food packages and meat packages to more than 150,000 people in over 20 countries, from sub-Saharan Africa and Yemen, to Afghanistan and Indonesia, from Greece to the United States.
Easing hunger is a team effort, and we can’t do any of this without you. Donate to Embrace Relief’s Hunger Relief efforts in the box below and you can be part of the solution for the many millions of people living with hunger around the world. Your donation will support food distributions in one of the many countries we serve – and every dollar you donate makes a difference.
So please, donate today. Every contribution you make helps one more family go to bed on a full stomach, and brings us one small step closer to ending world hunger.
Make a Year-End Impact with Embrace Relief!
As we head into the 2024 holiday season, you may be considering a charitable donation to help those in need. And there's no better place to make a real impact on the lives of real people than with Embrace Relief! Our Year-End Giving Campaign 2024 offers you three powerful programs to make your generosity count. Your gift can provide clean water, sponsor a cataract surgery, or provide critical care for orphaned children. Select the program you would like to support and make a life-saving donation today! | <urn:uuid:e9a3195b-e088-4f98-8e73-0ebfd837dd50> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.embracerelief.org/eid-al-fitr-celebrating-the-end-of-ramadan/ | 2024-10-09T06:06:12Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.948981 | 1,412 | 2.9375 | 3 |
The "fuel tank" of new energy vehicles-batteries: the battery is one of the main parts of electric vehicles, and the function of the battery is the only source of power for the vehicle's drive system. At low speed and starting, the battery plays the role of the main power source of the car's drive system; when accelerating at full load, it acts as an auxiliary power source; during normal driving, deceleration, and braking, it acts as storage energy.
The key to determining power-motor: The motor has two working states, one is used as a motor, responsible for converting the electrical energy in the battery system into kinetic energy, and when it is not needed to drive the vehicle, it can also play the role of a generator Features, convert the kinetic energy of the vehicle into electric energy and store it back in the battery. The power supply provides electric energy for the driving motor of the electric vehicle. The electric vehicle motor converts the electric energy of the power supply into mechanical energy and drives the wheels and working devices through the transmission device or directly.
The "housekeeper" of the new energy vehicles-electronic control system: The electronic control system of electric vehicles is the brain of electric vehicles, which refers to the entire vehicle control system, which integrates the functions of ECU and TCU (engine and gearbox control computer). We all know that the ECU control of traditional fuel vehicles is more complicated. The fuel injection quantity, timing phase, throttle opening of the engine, ignition, exhaust gas circulation, etc. all need to be controlled, and according to the driver’s intentions, the ECU must also interact with the gearbox. The program is calibrated in coordination to complete smooth gear changes and fully understand the driver's intentions. | <urn:uuid:4f0b883d-a23f-42fa-a371-63edea5b9082> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.empcasting.com/Top-3-Main-Aluminnum-Die-Casting-Parts-of-Electric-Vehicles.html | 2024-10-09T06:34:59Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.94398 | 362 | 3.171875 | 3 |
Today’s word of the day is 合 (hé) which means ‘combine’. Let’s practice making different words, phrases, and sentences with 合 (hé).
合作 (hé zuò) Cooperation
The first word is 合作 (hé zuò) which means cooperation. Let’s look at each character of this word, 合 means combine and 作 means work. A way of using it in a sentence is 我们一起合作做晚餐，每个人负责一个菜。(Wǒmen yīqǐ hé zuò zuò wǎncān, měi gèrén fùzé yī gè cài.) We cooperate together to make dinner, with each person responsible for a dish.
合理 (hé lǐ) Reasonable
Another word we can create with 合 (hé) is 合理 (hé lǐ). This means ‘reasonable’. Let’s again look at each character of this word, 合 means combine and 理 means reason. A way of using it in a sentence is 这个决定是合理的，符合公司的利益。(Zhège juédìng shì hé lǐ de, fú hé gōngsī de lìyì.) This decision is reasonable and in line with the interests of the company.
合同 (hé tong) Contract
Finally, we can create the word 合同 (hé tong) which is a noun that means contract. The 同 here means 'the same'. A way of using it in a sentence is 我们签订了一份合同。(Wǒmen qiāndìng le yī fèn hé tong.) We signed a contract. | <urn:uuid:9ea636ca-4b75-4ab4-85c3-904c1aa7c555> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.everydayeasychinese.com/forum/let-s-talk-chinese/chinese-vocabulary-drill-with-he-he-combine-1 | 2024-10-09T07:50:14Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.791938 | 489 | 3.03125 | 3 |
Description and consequences of variability in sows and piglets
Even though animals are from the same genetic line, farmers have to cope with variability both in sows and piglets. In sows, variability is observed in traits such as parity, prolificacy, appetite, body weight (BW) and back fat thickness (BF). For instance, at the beginning of gestation, variability in body condition among sows can be high due to parity and age. In addition, at a given age, variability in litter size, milk potential, and appetite results in different nutrient requirements and consequently in variability of changes in maternal body reserves. Variability in BF can be a problem as several studies have indicated that too high or too low BF values are to be avoided at farrowing as well as at weaning. In both cases, the longevity of the sow is impaired, and farmers are advised to manage the sows toward a target BF depending on the physiological stage, associated with an age-dependant BW, increasing with age up to mature BW. In addition, variation in sow’s body condition at farrowing and in prolificacy influences the new born and weaning piglet traits. Compared to less prolific sows, high-prolific sows farrow more piglets, which are both lighter on average and more heterogeneous. Compared to normal birthweight piglets, the survival rate of low birthweight piglets is lower. Providing additional care around birth helps these piglets to survive, but subsequent housing and feeding management have to be adapted to deal with the variability in their growth potential. Nutritional strategies (based on modelling approaches that take into account criteria that influence requirements) are suggested to optimise the expression of the animals’ potential, but most often without an intention to reduce inter-individual variability in growth performance. In order to control or reduce variability, other solutions have been evaluated in experimental studies that focus on the level and the dynamic of the feeding plan and the quality of the diet. The challenge is now to validate these solutions in production units, which will be more or less easy depending on the existing housing and feeding systems, and the economic, welfare and environmental context. | <urn:uuid:afdc0528-0072-4a16-8e10-518edef5215e> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.feed-a-gene.eu/media/description-and-consequences-variability-sows-and-piglets | 2024-10-09T06:55:38Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.946306 | 440 | 3.265625 | 3 |
Falls prevention and balance training are critical components of maintaining your health and wellbeing, particularly in older adults. In this article, we explore the pivotal role of exercise physiologists in designing and implementing personalised exercise programs that address key factors contributing to falls risk, ultimately promoting a healthier and more active lifestyle.
How Does An Exercise Physiologist Help Prevent Falls?
We begin with a thorough assessment, evaluating your strength, balance, flexibility, and overall mobility. This assessment serves as the foundation for identifying specific weaknesses or deficits that may increase your risk of falls.
Personalised Exercise Programs:
Based on the assessment, personalised exercise programs are crafted to target and address identified weaknesses. These programs encompass strength training, balance exercises, flexibility work, and cardiovascular activities, providing a comprehensive approach to falls prevention.
Strength and Muscle Conditioning:
A primary focus lies on strengthening muscles, particularly in the lower body, to enhance balance and stability. Improved muscle strength equips you with the ability to respond effectively to stumbles, significantly reducing your likelihood of falling. This also helps to improve your bone health which can reduce the side effects of falling like broken bones.
Incorporating essential balance exercises, our programs help you to develop and maintain a stable centre of gravity. These exercises challenge balance and coordination, preparing individuals to react adeptly to unexpected balance disturbances.
Gait and Mobility Enhancement:
Optimising your gait and mobility is a key objective, involving the retraining of movements to ensure steady and safe steps, thus minimising the risk of tripping or stumbling.
Education and Empowerment:
Educating you about falls risk factors, such as medication side effects, vision problems, and environmental hazards, is integral. This knowledge empowers you to make informed lifestyle choices that further reduce your risk of falling.
To ensure ongoing progress, regular monitoring is essential, facilitating necessary adjustments to the exercise program based on your improvements and evolving needs.
The role of exercise physiology extends beyond immediate falls prevention, aiming to maintain and improve your physical condition for long-term prevention.
Collaboration with Other Healthcare Professionals:
Our team collaborates with other healthcare professionals such as physiotherapists to ensure a comprehensive falls prevention strategy that considers all aspects of your health.
Beyond falls prevention, exercise physiologists emphasise overall wellness. Encouraging a healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise, contributes to maintaining independence and quality of life as you age.
Exercise physiologists play a pivotal role in falls prevention and balance retraining, offering tailored programs that empower you to mitigate falls risks, enhance stability, and embrace a more active and fulfilling lifestyle.
If you have had a fall or worry about falling, contact our friendly team today to see how we can help you. | <urn:uuid:3c8120d5-d6cc-4dd7-bc99-2f81b94116de> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.focusphysioco.com.au/exercise-physiology-and-falls-prevention-and-balance-retraining/ | 2024-10-09T07:04:30Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.927013 | 560 | 2.6875 | 3 |
A team at the University of Tokyo has demonstrated steam electrolysis using a solid acid electrolysis cell (SAEC) for the production of hydrogen. The SAEC used a CsH2PO4/SiP2O7 composite electrolyte and Pt/C electrodes; hydrogen production was successfully demonstrated with Faraday efficiencies around 80%. Their paper appears in the journal ChemSusChem.
According to thermodynamics, enthalpy change of the water electrolysis reaction (H2O → H2 + ½O2) can be written as ΔH = ΔG + TΔS, where H, G, S, T are enthalpy, Gibbs free energy, entropy, and temperature, respectively. This tells us that the total energy demand (ΔH) can be satisfied by electrical energy (ΔG) and heat (TΔS). ΔG decreases with the temperature while ΔH slightly increases. This means that the electric power required for the electrolysis becomes smaller at higher temperatures.
Solid Oxide electrolysis is conducted at > 600°C using oxide ion-conducting solid oxide electrolytes. Based on the thermodynamic consideration, solid oxide electrolysis can provide the highest conversion efficiency from electricity to hydrogen if appropriate heat sources are available. However, the high temperature leads to fast degradation of the cells and is not suitable for quick start-up and shutdown. Thus, solid oxide electrolysis at relatively low temperatures are also examined. For example, utilization of proton-conducting solid oxide electrolytes may lower the operation temperature to 400-600 °C.
The abovementioned status of the electrolysis research indicates the need for electrolysis technologies feasible in the intermediate temperature range (100-600 °C). The intermediate temperature range has potential for both the small cell overpotentials and the flexible operability suitable for the utilization of renewable energy resources. Here, we focus on an emerging intermediate-temperature electrolysis method, which is called solid acid electrolysis. Solid acid electrolysis is performed at around 200 °C by employing proton-conducting solid acids as electrolytes.
—Fujiwara et al.
In their study, the researchers found that the cell voltage under a constant current load increased with time. The performance degradation was more severe at higher temperatures.
SEM-EDX measurements showed that a certain part of the electrolyte migrated into the porous anode layer during the operation, filling the anode pores and preventing gas diffusion. It was suggested that the surface of the Pt/C catalyst in the anode was partially covered by the migrated electrolyte and became electrochemically inactive.
The team also found that the carbonaceous materials in the anode, primarily the carbon support of the Pt/C catalyst, was oxidized to carbon dioxide. The oxidation of carbon can decrease the number of electrochemically active sites in the anode. The researchers said that these phenomena were the possible causes of the performance degradation of the SAEC.
To mitigate the problems relating to the Pt/C anode, the team used a Pt mesh as an alternative anode. With a constant current load of 10 mA cm-2, the cell voltage at 220°C was almost unchanged at around -2 V for 48 h.
The superior stability of the Pt mesh anode demonstrated the importance of the anode design. Future investigations for durable and practical SAECs should focus on the control of the electrolyte migration and the development of cost-effective anodes with high oxygen evolution activity.
—Fujiwara et al.
Fujiwara, N., Nagase, H., Tada, S. and Kikuchi, R. (2020), “Hydrogen Production by Steam Electrolysis in Solid Acid Electrolysis Cells.” ChemSusChem. Accepted Author Manuscript. doi: 10.1002/cssc.202002281 | <urn:uuid:9b013253-f6a4-4206-acd8-cf04841c1058> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.greencarcongress.com/2020/11/20201109-saec.html | 2024-10-09T05:57:38Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.916389 | 797 | 3.484375 | 3 |
In the journals
A shorter duration of antibiotics may be better when treating urinary tract infections (UTIs), according to a study published online July 27, 2021, by JAMA. The randomized study involved two groups of men with UTI symptoms (average age 69). Half of the men took antibiotics for 14 days, while the other half took them for seven days.
Both durations had similar outcomes. The seven-day treatment had an average 92.5% success rate, while the 14-day treatment had an average 90.3% rate. Both groups also had a similar percentage of UTI recurrence (9.9% for the seven-day treatment and 12.9% for the 14-day treatment). Participants taking the shorter course reported fewer medication side effects, such as diarrhea and nausea.
According to the researchers, a shorter duration of antibiotics may have other advantages that the study did not explore. For instance, it can make medication easier to manage, reduce out-of-pocket costs, and possibly help lower antibiotic resistance.
Image: Nenad Cavoski/Getty Images
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No content on this site, regardless of date, should ever be used as a substitute for direct medical advice from your doctor or other qualified clinician. | <urn:uuid:d5c35c2b-ca4d-4ec6-8787-d04177f38696> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/less-may-be-more-when-treating-urinary-tract-infections | 2024-10-09T06:52:37Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.95196 | 287 | 2.640625 | 3 |
Residential hotels constructed in Chicago between 1880 and 1930 served as an indispensable component of the city’s housing stock, offering an affordable housing option in prime locations. These single-room occupancy (SRO) hotels served a critical role in housing a large segment of the city’s middle- and working-class residents, and many continue to do so today. Chicago lost more than 30% of its SROs between 2008 and 2016. Despite the stigma that developed in the late-20th century surrounding SRO residences that has undoubtedly contributed to their decline, policy makers and housing advocates are now recognizing how crucial these buildings are to maintaining affordable housing options in Chicago’s neighborhoods.
As the first SRO sold under Chicago's 2014 SRO Preservation Ordinance, an initiative created to retain affordable housing units in redevelopment plans for SRO buildings, the renovation of the unique and historic Carling SRO in the Old Town neighborhood serves as an innovative template for the renaissance of a much-needed housing type in Chicago, particularly for aging, low-income individuals.
Built in 1927, the Carling’s previously dreary and unkempt substandard interior spaces were reconfigured from 155 to 80 units to provide residents with larger apartments that include private bathrooms and kitchenettes. The common areas consist of expanded social spaces with updated technology and modern finishes, as well as amenities including a computer lab and bicycle storage. The historic interior courtyard was preserved for the enjoyment of residents, staff, and visitors. Historic elements such as exterior masonry details, terrazzo flooring, plaster walls, and arched doorways were also restored.
The Carling project received Enterprise Green Communities Certification, the “gold standard” for affordable housing developments, which features healthy building materials and emphasizes connection to the walkable neighborhood. Existing materials such as masonry, plaster finishes, wood floor joists, clay tile, and wood millwork and trim were repaired and reinforced when possible, instead of demolished and replaced. Several of the historic unit entry doors and closet doors were re-used on the project as well.
The Carling’s building systems were replaced with modern, high-efficiency, ductless equipment like Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) units and packaged terminal air conditioners (PTAC) for conditioning the apartments. (PTAC’s are self-contained, combination air-conditioner/heat pump units.) Also, low-flow plumbing fixtures were used in all residential and common spaces. Energy Star rated and LED lighting fixtures and appliances were utilized throughout, and Energy Star roofing was installed. The courtyard was planted with a custom native drought-resistant seed and soil mix developed by Omni Ecosystems.
The Carling and its nearby sister building, the Marshall SRO, also built in 1927, were preserved and rehabilitated thanks to a Multiple Properties Documentation Form (MPDF) that provided a basis for listing such residential hotels on the National Register of Historic Places, and thereby becoming eligible for federal historic tax credits. Two key participants in this project were a developer interested in both affordability and preservation, the Michaels Organization; and MacRostie Historic Advisors, an experienced historic building consultant. | <urn:uuid:a748b352-38d6-4353-86a6-2c7004915f36> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.historecycle.com/single-post/classic-sro-hotels-decked-out-with-classy-green-upgrades | 2024-10-09T06:35:47Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.968795 | 652 | 2.671875 | 3 |
The Great Barrier Reef covers 133,000 square miles off the coast of Queensland, Australia, in the Coral Sea. It is the largest living structure in the world, formed by tiny creatures called polyps, with nearly endless heterogeneous peaks, dips, micro basins, and other rich topological features.
Now, take that and shrink it down to 10 nanometers. That’s what life looks like to Patrick El-Khoury, a senior research scientist at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, Washington.
El-Khoury spends his time examining heterogeneous interfaces on the nanoscale, where chemical, physical, and biological properties change over tiny length scales.
His job is to conduct basic chemical physics research on heterogeneous interfaces encountered in the chemical, biological, and energy sciences. To do that, he predominantly uses Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (TERS), which allows him to see and identify (bio) molecular and (bio) material systems with few-nanometer precision. He also adapts and actively develops novel nano-imaging and nano-spectroscopy approaches that can be used to visualize matter over the length (nanometers) and time scales (femtoseconds) of relevance to chemical transformations.
“You look at these nano-basins, or local environments, and they each feature unique physical and chemical properties,” he said. “It makes the local properties of nearby (bio)molecular systems even more complex than they naturally are.”
El-Khoury sees heterogeneity to be the rule rather than the exception. The properties of most realistic interfaces encountered in biology, chemistry, and materials sciences vary over the nanoscale. This is a far cry from the idealized systems that are described in textbooks. Embracing and understanding this exquisite complexity is pre-requisite to the development of more efficient functional materials that can be deployed, e.g., in modern photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices.
“We image things with very high spatial resolution, and because we are using different tools of optical spectroscopy such as Raman scattering, we’re also able to identifying them. In effect, you have a nanoscopic chemical eye that can tell you where the stuff is and what it is.”
The high spatial resolution that is attainable with the techniques used by El-Khoury necessitates that the signals are nascent from no more than a handful of molecules. In this regime of ultrasensitive optical spectroscopy, the rules of the game are different.
“Part of our work involves using well-known molecules to characterize the complex local environments in which they reside. In TERS, this means looking at different properties of nano-localized optical fields with ultrahigh spatial resolution. This requires a detailed fundamental understanding of the operative physics in TERS.”
Biology and energy researchers are often interested in processes taking place at solid/liquid interfaces. This poses a challenge from the measurement science perspective, since chemical visualization of such interfaces under ambient laboratory conditions is not trivial with existing technologies.
“You have methods that yield nanometer spatial resolution with no chemical information. You also have methods that have been developed for about a century now that give you ample chemical information and selectivity, but that lack the required spatial resolution. This is particularly true when the goal is to visualize biological and energy processes as they happen, or in situ / in operando.”
Though there is tremendous value in conducting fundamental research in controlled environments – after all, that’s where much of our knowledge of physics has stemmed from, at some point, this idealized knowledge doesn't transfer over to real life because of the above-mentioned nanoscale heterogeneity, particularly at solid-liquid interfaces.
“The best example I can give you is that of a catalyst,” he said. “You have a catalytic surface that operates at a certain efficiency. The question then becomes why isn’t it 100 percent efficient? Answering that question requires finding and characterizing the so-called active sites and comparing them to inactive catalytic sites, which are generally much more prevalent in a device. Do active sites feature unique properties compared to the rest of the surface? Do successful catalytic conversion events occur at topographically distinct sites? Is the unique topography accompanied by unique physical (e.g. electric fields) and chemical (e.g. oxidation states) properties? These are the kind of questions that need to be asked. Answering these questions with an eye on the nanoscale requires multimodal nano-topographic and nano-chemical characterization tools, such as TERS.“
That, he describes, is seeing something that’s (in)efficient, like a solar cell, zooming in and trying to ask the basic question of why it is or isn’t it working at specific sites. The fundamental chemical physics studies that he performs are meant to inform device makers that, for example, have trouble with local oxidation sites in particular devices.
El-Khoury also explained how he is constantly deploying and developing novel nano-spectroscopic tools by combining different optical spectroscopy methods with tools of nano-optics
“The Raman-based approach can be generalized if you have an optical setup that is flexible– and enough lasers of course. At this point, we successfully performed not just nano-Raman, but also nano-PL, nano-extinction, and multimodal nonlinear optical measurements like nano-CARS, nano-SHG/SFG, and nano-TPPL. Some of these are published, others are on the way out.”
El-Khoury ended by stressing that biological/energy science/material science applications of these unique nano-optical technologies are important, but it is equally important to further develop the existing basic understanding of the optical signatures of (bio)molecules and (bio)materials on the nanoscale.
“I’m not the guy that makes wafer-scale devices. But I can probably generate enough useful information about existing and prototypical devices to inform — or just annoy device scientists.”
He also emphasized the importance of not taking anything for granted, e.g., spectroscopic selection rules on the nanoscale. He joked that “rules are meant to be broken” in referring to the differences between conventional/nano-optical measurements that track many/few molecules.
El-Khoury takes advantage of several HORIBA instruments, including every AFM-optical system offered by the company, the EvoNano. That said, his optical setups are highly customized to enable multimodal linear and nonlinear optical nano-imaging and nano-spectroscopy. The combination of nano-optical measurements that can be performed in a single optical setup that he calls “our own trios” is unique to his PNNL lab. His group also uses the LabRam HR Evolution for routine micro-Raman and ultra-low frequency Raman measurements. All his setups are described in recent publications from his group.
Máte nějaké dotazy nebo požadavky? Pomocí tohoto formuláře kontaktujte naše specialisty. | <urn:uuid:42ef17d0-3759-4f29-a976-2ca8cae8fb03> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.horiba.com/cze/scientific/resources/science-in-action/researcher-developing-non-linear-nano-optical-methods-to-characterize-heterogenous-interfaces/ | 2024-10-09T07:54:47Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.928222 | 1,534 | 3.234375 | 3 |
When you think about the needs of orchid plants you have to look at where and how they grow. While wild environments vary, they are many times seen attached to tree limbs, tree trunks or rocks indicating few needs other than air, water and light. They sip their nutrients based on what may fall their way, or what they choose to grow upon.
Orchids grow worldwide in varying conditions. If you match your condition to their needs you'll be successful!
Many times when one thinks about hydroponics they think of a fully flooded vessel with the plant in it. Our system utilizing expanded clay pellets is different and its easy to control how much or how little water the orchid receives. The EasyGroHydro system Is a completely "passive" system with no need for pumps, motors, air stones or any electricity.
All growing media is replaced with special clay pebbles called LECA (Lightweight Expanded Clay Aggregate). These man made clay pebbles have capillary properties that wick the nutrient solution up to the plants, delivering just the amount that the plant needs.
A water gauge even tells you when (and how much) to water. The components to our system are:
LECA pebbles are a man made sterile ceramic pebble that "wicks" the nutrient solution up to the plant gently and evenly. The EasyGroHydro LECA pebbles are unique. They vary in size and shape enabling plant roots to latch on and be locked in. A spill does not leave you chasing little balls all over the floor! To see LECA pebbles in our store Click HERE
LECA pebbles provide the ideal mix of oxygen and moisture to the roots. Both you and your orchids will like the clean, healthy environment without decomposing bark, mold, or bacteria.
With LECA pebbles there's no rot or decay so there's less repotting .....
No more guessing about watering! Is the plant too wet ... or too dry? What holds water - what doesn't? Our system has a Water Gauge that tells you when and how much to water. What could be easier?
Water Gauge reading empty
Water Gauge reading 1/2 full
It's as easy as 1-2-3!
As you go about your busy life your orchids are getting exatcly what they need for optimum growth.
1. Pour water (or nutrient solution) over the pebbles. Water passes through the pebbles to the reservoir at the bottom. Water gauge tells you how much is in the reservoir.
2. The capillary properties of the LECA pebbles "wick" the moisture up to the plant's roots gently and evenly.
3. As moisture moves up to the roots, air circulates through the open spaces in the culture pot and between the pebbles, giving the roots with an even mix of air and water.
What nutrients are your plants actually getting? Complete, balanced nutrition is easy with our system. No more guessing. Just add a few drops of nutrients to the water and your plants will get everything they need for healthy growth and vibrant blooms.
No worry about salt buildup either. Simply flush the roots at the sink every couple of months and all the impurities wash away!
With our system your orchids will practically take care of themselves. Imagine your orchids in a single media that's clean, easy to use, and won't breakdown. You will Spend less time on your plants and get better results!
Healthy plants are easy with correct watering and balanced nutrition. Fewer insect problems- and other plant ailments too!
Try it now, you wont regret it! Just click on the image below to visit our store.
Bookmark this page for lots of fabulous growing tips from Jeree Harms, "The Hydro Guy"
Our "Starter Sets" have everything you'll need to transfer two orchids into hydroponics. Step by step instructions are included.
Your orchids are waiting . . . . | <urn:uuid:ea23a3e9-63c5-4a5b-8c01-7e54eab4768b> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.hydro-orchids.com/why-hydroponics-for-orchids.html | 2024-10-09T06:09:42Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.945151 | 843 | 2.609375 | 3 |
By Program By Institution
The plus and minus icons are used to expand and collapse the sub-table detail lists.
Click the plus to expand the sub-table and click the minus to collapse the detail.
The Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) is a code system of instructional programs with the purpose to facilitate the organization, collection, and reporting of fields of study and program completions.
The CIP is the accepted federal government statistical standard on instructional program classifications and is used in a variety of education information surveys and databases.
How to Read a CIP Code The CIP is subdivided in a hierarchical, three-level structure. The highest level is the 2-digit series, which is composed of 47 fields of study. This is followed by the 4-digit series, composed of 421 subject categories, and the final level 6-digit series which is composed of 1,847 program classifications.
The plus and minus icons are used to expand and collapse the list of programs available at the institution.
** Data extracted from the Inventory databases as of today @ 5:00AM | <urn:uuid:cac927b2-efa4-4b9a-a932-dcf1848df5e6> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.ibhe.org/ProgInv_Name.aspx | 2024-10-09T06:27:16Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.924455 | 225 | 2.546875 | 3 |
As AI and machine learning (ML) become more normative in all fields, the risk of cyberattacks targeted toward this kind of technology becomes more real. We are not at the point at which machines are threatening to take over humanity, as depicted in sci-fi films like The Matrix. But there are real ML security issues that can affect critical fields like healthcare, transportation, finance, and others. Security failures in these fields can prove disastrous, which is why adversarial machine learning is more important than ever.
Adversarial machine learning is the study of how machine learning algorithms can be compromised. It is an important tool for combatting potential adversarial examples, one of the most potent threats to machine learning today. Adversarial examples are manipulations of machine learning algorithms that cause them to make false interpretations. These examples are not visible to the naked eye, only to ML algorithms. Attackers can use adversarial examples to exploit the way ML algorithms work and essentially wreak havoc.
How adversarial examples exploit machine learning algorithms
Machine Learning models go through training phases, during which they “learn” how to identify what they “see” and accomplish various functions. During training, they are shown images and corresponding labels. The system then examines the pixels in the images and creates settings so that it can link each image/pixel value with the correct label. Adversarial examples take an image that has a certain number of pixels and change it. Changing the number of pixels makes the ML algorithm read the image in an incorrect way.
One well-known example of this is when Google researchers showed that a popular object detection algorithm looked at two nearly-identical pictures of pandas, but classified one image as a panda and the other as a gibbon. To the human eye, both images looked like identical pandas, but someone had manipulated one image so that the ML algorithm thought it was a gibbon.
To top it off, the algorithm showed that it was 57.7% confident that one image was a panda, and 99.3% confident that the other was a gibbon. In other words, it was nearly 100% confident that one of its classifications was right when it was actually 100% wrong.
The above example is fairly benign. It is not a life and death situation if an image is identified as a panda or gibbon. Rather, it is an illustration of the potential vulnerabilities of ML systems. There are many other situations in which the mis-identification of a certain object can literally be life-threatening. For example, ML systems that run autonomous cars must be able to identify the things they see. Stop signs, speed limit signs, pedestrian crosswalks, etc. If an adversarial attack changes the pixel values of a stop sign so that the ML algorithm sees something else, or nothing at all, the driver would be in grave danger. Unfortunately, these are the types of adversarial attacks that cybersecurity experts are worried about today.
Detecting adversarial attacks
Microsoft, IBM, MITRE, Nvidia, and nine other organizations have teamed up to confront the threat of adversarial attacks. They developed a framework called the Adversarial ML Threat Matrix, a guide to help security teams detect and respond to these types of attacks. Still in its early stages, the Adversarial ML Threat Matrix is in the style of ATT&CK, a popular guide developed by MITRE for cybersecurity experts that outlines cybersecurity threats.
The Matrix includes documented techniques that hackers use to attack digital infrastructures of ML systems. The vulnerabilities of ML systems differ greatly from those of other technologies, and traditional cybersecurity tools are not necessarily designed to detect them. The ML Threat Matrix also includes a set of case studies to help companies understand what they are up against. The case studies include examples of how hackers used adversarial attacks to poison data, bypass spam detectors, and force AI systems to reveal confidential data.
While there is no easy solution at this point, the creators of the ML Threat Matrix hope that it will generate awareness of adversarial attacks and encourage security teams to beef up this area of security. | <urn:uuid:faa71062-b244-48a3-bc23-c1516b6785fd> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.interforinternational.com/using-adversarial-machine-learning-to-combat-attacks-on-ml-systems/ | 2024-10-09T06:39:54Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.95101 | 839 | 3.390625 | 3 |
If minimizing WAN bandwidth is important to you then you will certainly want to know how to use Zerto’s Swap Disk feature. There are a few modifications that you will need to make to your virtual machine in order to utilize the feature, but in some cases they are well worth the small amount of effort that it takes to implement them.
What does It Do?
Both Windows and Linux systems (be them physical or virtual) use a virtual memory area called swap. Swap is a place on a storage device that the operating system places pages of memory if “real” memory (RAM) isn’t available. Normally this happens when the system has an under allocated amount of RAM for the workload it has been assigned.
While swap is not a bad thing it can have negative effects on storage devices, mainly because every time a page of swapped memory is needed I/O operations happen to the underlying disks. So the problem with replication and swap is that every time a page of memory is swapped to a disk that is being replication (via Zerto or any other replication technology) it must then be sent to the replication target. Therefore swap operations consume WAN bandwidth.
Swap space is treated just like RAM to an operating system, meaning that it is needed while the power is on … but once the power goes out anything still in swap is no longer needed. So if we were to fail-over a virtual machine, the data in the swap disk is no longer needed… therefore there is really no reason to replicate it… or waste WAN bandwidth in the process.
Hence Zerto’s Swap Disk feature, the rest of this article will explain how to utilize the feature with Linux virtual machines.
Linux VM’s + Zerto Swap Disk
Before we start, lets first look at what a normal linux virtual machine might look like.
I am most familiar with Debian based linux distro’s. In this example I will be using an Ubuntu 16.04 VM.
First, to see if your system is configured for a swap location you can run ‘top’. In the upper section you will see stats on free RAM as well as SWAP space.
The next step is to check to see where the swap space is writing data to on disk we can check this by viewing the /etc/fstab file. We are looking for a line in the file that has the word “swap” located in it. In this example, where all of the default settings were accepted during installation, the swap space is a partition on the same VMDK file as the data. In order to use the Zerto Swap Disk feature we need to separate out this partition to its own VMDK file so that we can mark that VMDK as a swap disk.
Here is what the Virtual Machines Configuration looks like before we add a virtual disk dedicated to swap space.
Modifying the VM
Virtual Hardware Modifications
The next step in implementing this feature is to add a new virtual hard drive to the VM. We only need to add a disk that is about the same size as the amount of RAM in the VM. In my example that is about 4GB, but I went ahead and created a disk at 5GB. (Note there was no special reason for this, I just felt like creating 5GB instead of 4GB).
Now our virtual machine configuration looks like this:
Modifying Linux to use the new VMDK
The next step is to switch linux over from the swap partition to the new dedicated SWAP disk. This can be done without a reboot or downtime as long as you minimize RAM usage before you remove your old swap partition. Failure to reduce memory usage to below your physical RAM size will result in ‘out of memory’ or ‘could not allocate memory’ errors.
Prepping the Disk
Before we can put the new disk to use we have to do a few things:
- Re-scan the SCSI bus on the virtual machine so linux knows it’s there
- Partition the disk
- Format the disk with the swap file system
If you don’t already have the tools to rescan the SCSI bus you can either install them, or simply reboot the VM is that isn’t a big deal for you. To install the tools on Ubuntu you can run “apt-get install scsitools” as root (or sudo).
Once installed you can run “rescan-scsi-bus” which will look for the new disk that we added in the previous section. For my VM the new disk was detected as /dev/sdb.
Next we need to partition the disk. To do that I ran “cfdisk /dev/sdb” and created a gpt partition table and one partition. I then set the partition type to “Linux Swap” and wrote the changes to disk.
Now we can format the partition as a swap space. Run the command “mkswap /dev/sdb1”. This will format the partition and then we can work on switching the OS over to it, but first lets go ahead and mark the disk as swap in Zerto.
Zerto VPG Modifications
Now is as good of a time as any to go ahead and modify our VPG and mark the new disk as a swap disk. Why? Well because at the moment the vmdk is formatted and ready to be used… but contains no data and if we mark it as swap now no WAN bandwidth will ever be used by this disk. If you were watching Zerto’s web GUI while you added the new virtual disk you will have noticed that Zerto already created the virtual disk at the recovery site and is doing its initial volume sync… which will take all of about 30 seconds since there is no data on the disk.
Here are some screenshots of the process in case you didn’t have the GUI open yet.
What the VPG looks like before adding the dedicated swap VMDK
After adding the new dedicated VMDK for swap
As you can see the only real difference between this screenshot and the one above is that we have checked the “Swap” box aside the swap VMDK. Once you do this go ahead and click Done to save the changes. That is all that is needed on the Zerto side.
History Not Meeting SLA after adding the new VMDK
WAN usage for Initial Sync of new VMDK
You will notice some extra throughput as the new VMDK is scanned for data, but because it is mostly blank (aside from formatting) you will see minimal WAN usage during this sync. And as long as we mark it as swap before putting it into service as the swap disk, very little WAN bandwidth will ever be used by this disk.
Activating the new swap space
In order to use the new swap space we need to deactivate the old swap partition, to do this we will turn swap space off… this is where it is critical that your memory usage is less than the amount of physical ram you have. If you cannot make that happen then your best bet is to skip turning off swap at this time…. proceed with modifying the fstab file… and then rebooting the VM when it is able to be rebooted.
To turn off swap run the command “swapoff -a”. Depending on how much swap space was in use this can take a little time while linux moves everything that was in swap, back into RAM. Once it is all moved out “top” will show 0 KB used. Then we can modify fstab and lastly turn swap back on.
The purpose of modifying the /etc/fstab file is to add an entry for the new swap disk as well as remove the old partition’s entry. To make things easier you can cut and paste the old line and then modify it with the new disk’s details.
CTRL + K will cut the old line and then CTRL + U will paste it (make sure to paste twice so that you can comment out one of them and then modify the other)
Save the fstab file with CTRL + X and then confirm that you want to save the file.
We can now reactive swap with “swapon -a”. To verify that swap is back in action you can run “top” again and see if a total swap value is listed.
At this point Linux us using the new swap disk for any memory paging that goes above the amount of physical RAM. It will generate storage I/O locally at the production site, however now Zerto will ignore those write I/O’s and save you bandwidth!
Disclaimer: I work for Zerto, however any views or opinions expressed here are strictly my own. I am solely responsible for all content published here. This is a personal blog, not my employers blog. Content published here is not read, reviewed, or approved in advance by my employer and does not necessarily represent or reflect the views or opinions of my employer or any of its divisions, subsidiaries, or business partners. | <urn:uuid:ead25c66-4c2d-4890-af4b-12a24a33d7ae> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.jpaul.me/2016/08/how-to-use-zertos-swap-disk-feature-with-linux/ | 2024-10-09T06:27:49Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.93078 | 1,908 | 3.234375 | 3 |
When I first started to learn German in Berlin, I suddenly figured out in myself that I would not be able to speak or understand this language easily and it actually turned out so. Basically German and English both belong to the same Germanic language and hold a lot in common in words and grammar. Therefore It is regarded that once you learn to speak English then why not German? But it was not so simple in my case.
I myself tried to give an analysis and explanation of my own case. First I found out the hypothesis that people who do not speak English at all learn German even better and faster than I do. To be honest, it was true to some of my Japanese friends around me.
They kept saying that German is much easier than English. Then I started to analyse the difference between them and me. Why can they learn German better and faster than I do? Is that simply because they are smarter than I? Probably yes. But the answer easily conjured up when I asked one of them how to make a past participant sentence in German. To make a past participant sentence in German, you must put the verb in the end of the sentence, which is one of the biggest grammatical differences between German and English. My friends, non English speakers, accept this rule and try to translate a sentence from Japanese to German following this rule. On the other hand, my process was a bit more complicated than theirs. I accept the rule first and compare it to English and translate it from English to German. Now the difference between them and me is clear. I needed to take one more extra step than they did in making German sentence just because my brain automatically compared it to English one. Having noticed that fact, I started to try to bear in my mind to forget all about English when I read, hear or speak German and now see how it works.
The process of learning languages contains lots of unexplainable elements and riddles Some can learn it much faster than others and some can read it but not speak it at all for some reasons or the others. In other words, so many men, so many ways. For me, this elusiveness is one of the most interesting aspects of getting touch with languages.
Posted almost 12 years ago | <urn:uuid:9d7da7c0-cbd5-4c6d-9a4e-bb6f72c68acb> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.linguar.com/questions/german-is-easier-than-english | 2024-10-09T06:04:51Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.980658 | 455 | 2.625 | 3 |
Weir has almost the same purposes as Orifice, located in the outlet; however, it functions differently. Weir raises the water level and forces it to spill over.
VOSWMM encompasses five types of weirs, each utilizing a distinct formula for calculating flow based on area, discharge coefficient, and head difference across the weir:
Transverse (rectangular shape)
Side flow (rectangular shape)
V-notch (triangular shape)
Trapezoidal (trapezoidal shape)
Roadway (broad-crested rectangular weir for modeling roadway crossings)
Weirs can operate as outlets for storage units across various flow routing scenarios. In the absence of attachment to a storage unit, they are exclusive to drainage networks analyzed using Dynamic Wave flow routing.
The dynamic control of the weir crest’s height above the inlet node invert is possible through user-defined Control Rules, offering a means to simulate inflatable dams.
Weirs may be permitted or restricted from surcharging. A surcharged weir employs an equivalent orifice equation for flow computation. Generally, weirs in open channels are not allowed to surcharge, whereas those in closed diversion structures or mimicking storm drain inlet openings may be authorized to do so.
Key parameters for a weir encompass:
- Names of its inlet and outlet nodes
- Shape and geometry
- Crest height above the inlet node invert
- Discharge coefficient | <urn:uuid:6f3d3b1c-ba87-4060-a27a-d48798c7238d> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.manula.com/manuals/smart-city-water/voswmm/6/en/topic/weir | 2024-10-09T07:48:35Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.903847 | 302 | 3.296875 | 3 |
For kids with migraines, therapy may be the best way to limit symptoms. In a new study from Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, researchers show that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can reduce the intensity and frequency of headaches much better than traditional headache education. The findings may lead to new palliative treatment strategies against the often debilitating condition.
While drug companies have developed a range of symptomatic reliefs for migraine sufferers, the majority of these medications cannot be prescribed to young people. Instead, physicians recommend stress reduction, yoga, counseling, and other activities that promote muscle relaxation. "In adults, more than 2 percent of the population has chronic migraine and in children and adolescents the prevalence is up to 1.75 percent,” the authors of the new study wrote. “In pediatric patients who seek care in headache specialty clinics, up to 69 percent have chronic migraine; however, there are no interventions approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of chronic migraine in young persons. As a result, current clinical practice is not evidence-based and quite variable."
Chronic Migraine and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
The paper, which is published in the journal JAMA, sought to investigate whether CBT would provide better relief for children with chronic migraines. To do this, the researchers assessed symptom intensity and headache frequency in 135 subjects between 10 and 17 years of age. Each subject was then enrolled in a 10-session CBT program or a conventional headache education program. The CBT sessions included pain coping, relaxation techniques, as well as a so-called biofeedback component — a therapy method that educates a patient about muscle tension, heart rate, and other vital signs.
The researchers found that, on average, the CBT was nearly twice as effective as headache education. Whereas the treatment group reported 11.5 fewer headache days, the control only reported 6.8. Similarly, participants who received CBT recorded a significantly lower Pediatric Migraine Disability Assessment Score (PedMIDAS).
"Now that there is strong evidence for CBT in headache management, it should be routinely offered [to younger people] as a first-line treatment for chronic migraine along with medications and not only as an add-on if medications are not found to be sufficiently effective,” the researchers wrote. “Also, CBT should be made more accessible to patients by inclusion as a covered service by health insurance as well as testing of alternate formats of delivery, such as using online or mobile formats, which can be offered as an option if in-person visits are a barrier."
Migraines currently affect about 12 percent of the U.S. population. Aside from severe headache, symptoms typically include nausea, light sensitivity, and fatigue. Complications are often triggered by anxiety, stress, lack of food or sleep, exposure to light, as well as hormonal changes. | <urn:uuid:449f9290-14b8-495e-8c00-28597efee8a3> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.medicaldaily.com/treating-childhood-migraines-cognitive-behavioral-therapy-slashes-symptoms-study-shows-265787 | 2024-10-09T06:08:41Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.955488 | 593 | 3.296875 | 3 |
Each year, Earth Day is a time to turn our attention toward the environment and raise awareness about threats to its well-being, from air pollution to climate change. But why does Earth Day fall on April 22? Is there any significance to the date?
When the inaugural Earth Day was suggested by Wisconsin Senator Gaylord Nelson and San Francisco activist John McConnell in 1970, a date was needed that would allow for activists attending college to be free to participate, a point made by organizer Denis Hayes. April 22 fell between spring break and final exams for most universities.
While that was a matter of logistics, April 22 also has a deeper meaning. Earth Day was inspired in part by Arbor Day, a tree-planting event that was organized by Nebraska newspaper publisher Julius Sterling Morton in 1872. Arbor Day was set for April 10. Later, when Arbor Day was declared a legal holiday by Nebraska, the state honored Morton by changing the date to his birthday—April 22.
McConnell actually preferred the Spring Equinox for Earth Day, since marking the changing of the seasons and a balanced amount of daylight and darkness represented Earth’s unique traits. Because April 22 allowed college students to be more active in the events, however, that was the date that stuck.
The modern Earth Day, with its themed objectives and upbeat spirit, is a marked departure from the first Earth Day in 1970, which had demonstrations that bordered on protests. (One enthusiastic group smashed an old Chevrolet to condemn air pollution.) While the world recognizes Earth Day, outside the U.S. it’s actually known by another name: International Mother Earth Day.
A version of this story ran in 2020; it has been updated for 2023. | <urn:uuid:c5164a09-4da5-4045-a87e-3b00dab41398> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/623426/why-april-22-was-chosen-for-earth-day | 2024-10-09T08:00:41Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.971773 | 349 | 3.34375 | 3 |
Children face risks to their personal safety at home, at the park, on the way to school and other public areas. Personal safety lessons prepare your child for handling a situation that puts her safety at risk. Whether your child gets lost or is approached by a potential abductor, teaching her personal safety skills gives her a better chance of reacting quickly and appropriately. There’s a thin line between preparing and scaring your child, though.
Talk to your child about situations that might make him feel uncomfortable or threaten his safety. Discuss things like getting lost, being offered a lure by someone he doesn’t know, unusual behavior from a stranger or acquaintance, being bullied or being physically threatened by someone else. Encourage open communication if your child experiences or witnesses any situation that makes him feel unsafe.
Set guidelines for your child about her activities and locations. Meet with parents or other adults who will supervise your child at birthday parties, slumber parties and other social events. Interview babysitters and call references before leaving your children.
Teach your child his personal information in case he gets lost or is caught in an emergency situation. Have him practice saying aloud and writing his name, address, your full name and telephone numbers, to reinforce the information.
Practice dialing 911 on a phone that isn’t connected. Let your child practice a conversation as if she needed to call during an emergency situation.
Role-play various situations your child could encounter that would threaten his personal safety. Play the role of the perpetrator to give your child a chance to practice saying, “No!” and to escape the situation.
Network with neighbors and other local families to create a more aware neighborhood. If your child walks to school, set up a neighborhood group that walks to school together.
Give your child a chance to practice calling a trusted adult, such as a relative or close friend. This gives him another line of defense in an emergency.
Teach your child to use the buddy system any time she goes out without you. Remind her to always stay with her buddy and to look out for one another. Require her to tell you before she leaves — even with a buddy or trusted adult.
Help your child become more alert about the environment by pointing out things you notice. You might point out things like cars, people, animals or specific situations. Do this on a regular basis as a low-key activity to help build your child’s attention to detail.
Review all safety precautions and skills regularly to keep the information fresh. Reassure your child that you are there to keep him safe, but he also needs to practice and stay alert. | <urn:uuid:eaf02cef-9c8f-4620-b7c2-60214886eca6> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.modernmom.com/b4efb39c-3b45-11e3-8407-bc764e04a41e.html | 2024-10-09T06:55:35Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.963973 | 543 | 3.8125 | 4 |
We use our teeth when we speak and eat. Our teeth show when we smile. Teeth undergo a process every minute or every second whether or not we realize it. What does this process look like ? That depends on what we are eating, drinking, or what habits we partake in during that moment. Teeth go through a process of remineralization when they are exposed to fluoride or water (pH of 7.5 to 8.5). Remineralization strengthens teeth.
At a ph of 5.5, or below, teeth demineralize (get weaker) or worn down. There are a few types of wear that teeth can go through. Attrition, Abfraction, and Erosion are some types of wear. Attrition is caused by grinding our teeth down during waking hours or at night due to stress. Sometimes, the process of wear(attrition) is simply due to clenching down on our teeth. This is a challenging habit to break. Nightguards, or appliances that we wear over our teeth can help reduce signs of wear. Attrition can continue until teeth are less than half of their initial height and width.
Abfractions are usually caused by brushing too hard; although grinding can contribute to abfraction lesions. If the gum line area of teeth are worn down in a crater like deficit, it is an abfraction. Abfractions often cause sensitivity to cold/hot. Some abfraction lesions can be filled with tooth colored composites for relief. If the abfraction is in the earlier stages, a desensitizer may provide some relief.
Erosion is the loss of enamel caused by acidity from soft drinks or vomiting due to the acidic pH of stomach contents. Erosion can be caused by certain habits such as sucking on lemons. Milk can help prevent erosion because it has a high concentration of calcium. MI paste contains Casein Phosphopeptide (CPP) which is able to release calcium and phosphate ions to strengthen teeth.
If you or a family member would like tips on preserving your teeth, you may contact us at Museum Smiles. We would love to be your family dentist. We are conveniently located within a few minutes of Downtown Fort Worth, and proudly serve patients from Arlington, Keller, and Fort Worth Areas. | <urn:uuid:b1b77161-ce6e-4669-9c12-38ee33447269> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.museumsmilesdentistry.com/blog/why-are-my-teeth-worn | 2024-10-09T06:18:04Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.95615 | 475 | 3.125 | 3 |
This title examines the emergence of the first modern tank, the Renault FT. It is a little known fact that France fielded more tanks in World War I than any other army. However, France's early tanks suffered from poor mobility and armor compared to their contemporaries. Indeed, their initial use on the Chemin des Dames in 1917 was a bloody fiasco. In spite of initial set-backs, the French army redeemed its reputation with the Renault FT. The Renault FT pioneered the modern tank design, with armament in a revolutionary central turret and the engine in the rear. More importantly, the Renault was designed to be cheap and easy to manufacture. Discover the history of the early French armor developments and their triumphant new design, the Renault FT, that helped to turn the tide of war in the favor of the Allies.
Published | Mar 15 2011 |
Format | Ebook (PDF) |
Edition | 1st |
Extent | 48 |
ISBN | 9781849083065 |
Imprint | Osprey Publishing |
Series | New Vanguard |
Short code | NVG 173 |
Publisher | Bloomsbury Publishing |
This book is definite read for anyone who wants to learn just about everything there is to know in a concise format about the French Tanks of WWI. Tank enthusiasts, modelers performing research or history buffs will find this book very interesting.
www.mataka.org (January 2011)
I would recommend this book to anyone with a general interest in the history of tank warfare and highly recommend it to anyone with a particular interest in WW I allied tanks.
Roger Rasor, IPMS/USA
An excellent look at early tanks and tank warfare. It makes for a book that is an absolute must for any armor enthusiast.
Scott Van Aken, Modeling Madness
...an excellent survey that offers insights on the design, construction and history of early French armor developments.
The Midwest Book Review
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Don't let your symptoms weigh you down. Join our community, ask your questions and get answers from our medical providers for free.
The detrimental effects of poor eating habits, such as missing meals or eating irregularly, on your stomach's health are well-documented. While not direct causes of ulcers, these patterns can exacerbate existing conditions and may contribute to the development of ulcers. They effectively set the stage for ulcers to form. For preventative measures, consuming a well-balanced diet at regular intervals is highly advisable.
Peptic ulcers, typically found in the stomach, result from bacterial infections that weaken the stomach lining, making it vulnerable to the acid produced within. These infections do not stem from irregular eating, but such habits can foster an environment conducive to their proliferation.
Your diet can significantly influence ulcer development. Regular, adequate eating promotes the production of mucus in the digestive system and decreases acid secretion, both of which diminish the likelihood of ulcer formation. This demonstrates the essential role a healthy diet plays in maintaining gastric health.
This article aims to delve into how eating habits can influence ulcer formation, identify the various causes and symptoms of ulcers, and provide effective treatment strategies and preventive measures.
Ulcers are a consequence of damage to the inner lining of the gastrointestinal tract, the stomach's protective layer formed by mucus and bicarbonate, which neutralizes stomach acid.
Causes : It is caused by medication such as steroids and NSAIDS, H. pylori bacteria, increase in stomach acid, Stress, viral infection, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, Crohn's disease, Chemotherapy, Malignancy, Vascular insufficiency, Radiation therapy
Symptoms : Epigastric discomfort, severe stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, throwing up coffee ground vomit, feeling full and bloating, iron deficiency anaemia, and Melaena
Treatment : Endoscopy, antacid medicines such as Nexium & Omeprazole,
Risk factors : Excessive drinking, aging, obesity, smoking, pain medication that prohibit the production of mucus
Preventive strategies : Taking NSAIDS with PPIs or not taking them at all, removal of H. pylori.
Natural Remedies : Cabbage and Banana
The following are proven causes of ulcer:
Medications such as steroids and NSAIDS are known to cause ulcers. These medications cause ulcer by damaging the gastroduodenal mucosa through the topical irritant effect they have on the epithelium, the impairment of the barrier properties of the mucosa, suppression of gastric prostaglandin synthesis, and the reduction of gastric mucosal blood flow.
The H. Pylori bacteria is the most popular cause of ulcer in the stomach. It is a bacteria that directly attacks the lining of the stomach. The bacteria can survive even the very acidic nature of the stomach and create a discontinuation in the protective lining of the stomach.
In some cases, ulcers may not be caused by medication or the H. pylori bacteria but by an increase in stomach acidity. The stomach lining is made up of mucus and bicarbonate. This lining can become weak to withstand the acid secreted by the stomach when they increase. There’s a limit to the resistance that the lining can provide and when the stomach’s acidity increases, resistance of the lining would be greatly reduced.
Stomach acid increases due to stress, alcohol, excessive caffeine consumption, smoking, spicy foods, and irregular eating.
Irregular or insufficient eating does not directly induce ulcers but can create a conducive environment for their development. Prolonged periods without eating can trigger increased acid secretion, potentially damaging the protective stomach lining. Additionally, healthy food choices play a vital role in ulcer prevention.
There are a range of symptoms that indicate the presence of ulcers in the stomach. They include:
Having identified the causes and symptoms of ulcer, it is essential to note that before you begin treating for ulcer, a process called Endoscopy must be carried out. This process is carried out to ensure the symptoms a patient is experiencing is truly ulcer and not something else.
After an endoscopy confirms the presence of an ulcer, the treatment involves initiating a regimen of anti-acid medications, commonly referred to as proton pump inhibitors. These medications are specifically formulated to suppress the production of stomach acid, allowing the stomach lining ample time to recover from the perforation it has sustained.
Some of the proton pump inhibitors used in treating ulcers include Nexium and Omeprazole.
Aside from synthetic drugs used in treating ulcers, there are natural remedies that help to treat ulcers. These natural remedies were identified seeing that synthetic drugs come with some side effects. Moreover, the natural remedies provide more nutrients and a holistic approach to treating ulcers than most synthetic drugs.
The natural remedies include:
Knowing that eating poorly and not eating contributes to ulcer development, I need to show you the dietary requirements and composition to prevent ulcers. Your diet should contain foods high in fiber and low in fat. It should contain the following items:
You ought to avoid food that has high fat or is salty. Sugary processed foods are a no-no when trying to prevent or treat ulcers. They worsen every attempt to heal the ulcer in the stomach.
Certain lifestyles and actions have a way of increasing your chances of developing an ulcer. Smoking, alcoholism, and stress have been connected to several ulcer cases in the past. These actions are believed to increase the acid secretion in the stomach. For smoking and alcoholism, the recommendation is to quit these vices for the sake of your health.
On the flip side, adopting effective stress management strategies to reduce stress is important. Exercising regularly, meditating, practicing Yoga, sleeping, taking walks, dancing, and aromatherapy are some of the stress management strategies you can adopt to relieve your body of stress.
In some cases, ulcers can become cancers. Yes. When an ulcer is not responding to treatment or recurs, there’s a serious chance it could be a cancer. Always seek medical attention when you notice the symptoms of ulcer. Do not perform self-medication. Avoid steroids and NSAIDS except you’re taking with a PPI like Omeprazole. Medical guidance is a must when handling ulcers.
Not eating may not directly cause ulcers but they sure promote the development of ulcer. By skipping meals and staying without eating for long hours, your stomach is secreting more acid which will ultimately perforate the mucus-bicarbonate lining of protection in your stomach, causing ulcer.
While it is encouraged to eat regularly, what you eat is also a determinant to whether you prevent or develop ulcers. Eating spicy food and high fat meals, smoking, drinking alcohol, and excessive caffeine intake can increase your chances of developing an ulcer. Eat right to reduce your risk of getting an ulcer.
Most importantly, when you notice symptoms associated with ulcer, seek medical assistance before taking any step.
Yes. Yogurt is good for treating ulcers. They’ve got “good” bacteria called probiotics which helps in aiding the fight against the H. pylori infection in the stomach.
No, except you are not eating right when you break your fast. If you consume processed foods, acidic beverages, alcohol, high-fat foods, and spicy foods to break your fast, you have a high chance of getting an ulcer. However, fasting intermittently and breaking your fast with fruits, vegetables, low-fat meals, lean meats, and protein will keep ulcers far away from your stomach.
While having only one meal a day does not directly cause ulcers, it may contribute to certain risk factors. Infrequent or irregular meals can lead to excessive stomach acid secretion when food is finally consumed, potentially irritating the stomach lining and worsening existing ulcers. It's important to maintain a balanced and regular eating pattern to promote digestive health and reduce the risk of ulcers.
Don't let your symptoms weigh you down, join our community and ask your questions and get answers from our medical providers for free. | <urn:uuid:ba2708a8-1ef8-430c-88fd-75ac10a3f984> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.outpost.health/post/does-not-eating-cause-ulcer | 2024-10-09T07:25:15Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.939481 | 1,709 | 3.34375 | 3 |
Last Week in Science Education Programming
Last Week in Science Education Programming is our weekly seasonal segment featuring education programming. This is the place for camp parents to find pictures of their campers in action and see all the fun things we did throughout the week. It’s also a great place for educators to pick up craft, story and lesson ideas for their own early childhood programs!
Last Monday, in honor of the start of spring, our 2-3 year old Little Sprouts discovered how a bird’s beak adaptations are important for survival in Birds and Blooms, part of our Little Sprouts SEED programs. This program was the last in our Little Sprouts SEED series. During the program, campers learned that birds have different beaks because they all eat different types of foods. For example, we learned that hummingbirds have long, skinny beaks to reach into flowers for nectar and sparrows have short, thick and strong beaks for cracking open seeds. Campers went outside for a short bird watch and found a small nest in one of the trees by our lagoon. They created a bird feeder to take home made of recycled materials and bird feed. Although our Little Sprouts SEED programs are over for the season, you can check out our Little Sprouts summer camps!
If you would like to learn more about Phipps’ seasonal camps, or would like to register your little one for an upcoming program, please visit our website or call 412-441-4442, ext.3925 for more information!
All photographs taken by Phipps' Science Education and Research staff. | <urn:uuid:a16a0541-1efe-43d0-ad9e-63ed733133dd> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.phipps.conservatory.org/blog/detail/last-week-in-science-education-programming17 | 2024-10-09T07:00:23Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.956652 | 334 | 3.3125 | 3 |
Can a Recombinant BCG Vaccine Better Protect HIV-Positive Children?
Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a significant public health problem worldwide, generally prevented in developing countries with the 100-year-old BCG vaccine. Yet, despite being a preventable and curable disease, 1.5 million people die from TB each year, making it the world's top infectious killer.
Over the years, immunization with the Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccine has partially protected infants' lungs, reducing the incidence of miliary and tuberculosis meningitis.
However, the BCG vaccine is less effective against pulmonary TB.
A global team of researchers aimed to compare the safety and immunogenicity of Serum Institute of India (SSI) Pvt. Ltd.'s VPM1002 recombinant BCG vaccine candidate with BCG in HIV exposed and HIV unexposed newborn babies.
This study is essential since TB is the leading cause of death of people with HIV and also a major contributor to antimicrobial resistance, says the World Health Organization (WHO).
The results from the double-blind, randomized, active-controlled phase 2 study conducted at health centers in South Africa were published in the peer-review journal The Lancet Infectious Diseases on June 27, 2022.
Participants were randomly assigned to VPM1002 or BCG vaccination in a 3:1 ratio, stratified by HIV status. And the primary outcome was assessed in all vaccinated participants (safety population) at regular follow-up visits until 12 months after vaccination.
These researchers concluded both vaccines were immunogenic in these children, although responses were higher with the old BCG vaccine.
But the VPM1002 vaccine was found less reactogenic than BCG and was not associated with any serious safety concerns.
The VPM1002 vaccine is a genetically modified BCG vaccine derived from the Mycobacterium Bovis BCG subtype Prague characterized as rBCGÄureC::Hly+.
VPM1002 contains weakened tuberculosis-like bacteria, genetically modified, empowering immune cells to recognize the bacteria better.
SSI is currently funding a multicentric phase 3 clinical trial in babies in sub-Saharan Africa with VPM1002.
The WHO says about one-quarter of the world's population is estimated to be infected by TB.
About half of all people with TB can be found in just eight countries: Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Philippines, and South Africa.
TB vaccination is not standard for children in the USA since most reported cases are travel-related.
As of June 28, 2022, the U.S. FDA had issued Organon Teknika Corp., LLC Approvals for two BCG vaccines: BCG Live and TICE BCG.
The WHO's Global Tuberculosis Report was last published on October 14, 2021.
Note: This study's findings were manually curated for mobile readership.
Our Trust Standards: Medical Advisory Committee | <urn:uuid:67fe3ebc-f667-4adf-af89-405dfad97fc4> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.precisionvaccinations.com/2022/06/28/can-recombinant-bcg-vaccine-better-protect-hiv-positive-children | 2024-10-09T06:31:31Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.950858 | 621 | 3.09375 | 3 |
There is certainly is no disputing that children are putting in more media time than ever. Along with televisions, smartphones, texting, and video games, many children now have personal computers, digital music players, and the Internet to fill every waking moment. And evidence suggests that even toddlers and preschoolers now joining the digital masses.
Still, despite repeated warnings from public health experts and researchers, actual research looking at how addictive digital media really is remains fairly limited. In fact, up to now, much of that research has focused on video game addiction. Based on available research, the American Psychiatric Association has even proposed a new diagnosis, Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD). Based on other forms of addictive behaviour such as problem gambling, symptoms that might indicate IGD include: spending excessive amounts of time online, inability to control use, loss of interest in other activities, etc.
But can these same symptoms be applied to other kinds of screen media use? And can those symptoms appear differently in children under the age of twelve than they do in adolescents? A new research article published in the journal Psychology of Popular Media Culture attempts to answer both of these questions. In this article, Sarah E. Domoff of Central Michigan University and a team of researchers presented the results of two studies looking at how parents and children often clashed over media use and whether it was related to other childhood problems.
They focused specifically on preadolescent children (aged 4 to 11) since they are more dependent on their parents for access to digital devices. Also, symptoms of addictive behaviour may be easier to detect in preadolescent children since they are usually not as secretive as older children.
To help with their research, Domoff and her colleagues developed a parent-report measure of children's addictive use of screen media, the Problematic Media Use Measure (PMUM). This measure was developed from a pool of 60 items designed to reflect different symptoms of addictive behaviour as seen in the IGD diagnosis. From this pool, they extracted 27 items that formed the test which they administered to the study participants. Items in the PMUM include:
- It is increasingly difficult to pull my child away from screen media.
- My child is always thinking about using screen media
- My child gets upset when he/she cannot use screen media.
- Problems occur for our family when my child cannot use screen media.
- The first thing my child asks to do when he/she comes home from school is to use screen media.
The researchers also developed a nine-item version of the same measure to test how useful the short form was when compared to the longer form. This short form, also known as the PMUM-SF, used items such as:
- It is hard for my child to stop using screen media
- When my child has had a bad day, screen media seems to be the only thing that helps him/her feel better
- My child’s screen media use causes problems for the family.
- The amount of time my child wants to use screen media keeps increasing.
- My child sneaks using screen media
Using Amazon's Mechanical Turk platform, the researchers recruited 291 mothers of preadolescent children (average age of seven years). They looked at mothers exclusively since previous studies showed that mothers were more likely than fathers to monitor and restrict media use in young children. The participating mothers were then asked to estimate the average screen time their children engaged in each day as well as the nature of that screen time (amount of time spend watching television shows, playing video games, using computers, etc.).
Participants were also asked items such as "“What age did your child first get his/her OWN mobile device, such as a smartphone or tablet (e.g., iPad and Kindle Fire)?”, “How often do you worry about your child’s screen media use (TV, computer, video games, or mobile device)?” and “What type of screen media does your child use the most (not including screen media used for school or homework)?” They then completed a questionnaire looking at their child's psychosocial functioning, including whether they showed conduct problems, emotional symptoms, or trouble socializing with other children.
Results showed that high scores on both measures correlated strongly with total amount of screen time as reported by the mothers in the study as well as predicting psychological and social problems in children. This included hyperactive behaviour, social problems with other children, as well as conduct problems (aggressive acting out, etc.).
As a further test of their new instrument, Domoff and her colleagues recruited a larger sample of participants that included both mothers and fathers as well as grandparents, siblings, aunts, etc. who acted as primary caregiver of a child between the age of 4 and 14. Along with completing the short form of the PMUM, the 632 caregivers also reported on amount of conflict they had with their children over the various media devices the children used on a regular basis. While most of these conflicts centered around watching television, a large percentage of the children examined in the second study also used tablets, smartphones, video game systems, and desktop/laptop computers as well.
Results showed that the PMUM-SF works well for both boys and girls in detecting problem media use in children under the age of twelve. Also, high scores on the PMUM-SF correlated highly with parents reporting conflicts with their children as well as related behaviour problems.
Overall, these results suggest that problems with media addiction can begin much earlier than many parents realize. As for the PMUM-SF, it is the first test of its kind that specifically focuses on problem media use in preadolescent children. Since it can be completed by parents or other caregivers, this test can help detect problem media behaviour in children who might otherwise be too young to talk about their own symptoms.
While Domoff and her colleagues admit to limitations with their research, particularly since this is a one-time study that doesn't look at how problem media use might change over time, these results do highlight how important it is that parents keep an eye how their children are using media.
As it happens, we are still in the early stages of the digital revolution and new media experiences such as virtual and augmented reality are just around the corner. Perhaps now, more than ever, we should consider what this might mean for the children who will at the forefront of this new digital era.
Domoff, S. E., Harrison, K., Gearhardt, A. N., Gentile, D. A., Lumeng, J. C., & Miller, A. L. (2017, November 16). Development and Validation of the Problematic Media Use Measure: A Parent Report Measure of Screen Media “Addiction” in Children. Psychology of Popular Media Culture. Advance online publication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000163 | <urn:uuid:fced800d-7480-4b54-abf2-f99e7aadf429> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/media-spotlight/201711/does-your-child-have-digital-addiction | 2024-10-09T07:41:47Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253572.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20241009054103-20241009084103-00125.warc.gz | en | 0.96382 | 1,411 | 3.53125 | 4 |
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