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Does second harmonic imaging improve trans-abdominal ultrasound detection of biliary sludge in 'idiopathic ' pancreatitis?

Second harmonic imaging, in our experience, is a reliable non-invasive tool for the diagnosis and follow-up of biliary sludge in the course of 'idiopathic' pancreatitis.

Our results demonstrate that expression of NDRG2 is down-regulated at a late stage during colorectal carcinogenesis. Future studies are needed to address whether NDRG2 down-regulation is a cause or consequence of the progression of colorectal adenomas to carcinoma.

Are serum von Willebrand factor levels in patients with inflammatory bowel disease related to systemic inflammation?

Our data show slight but significant increases in serum vWF levels in patients with IBD, which are correlated with signs of systemic inflammation.

Treatment with abatacept is likely to be efficacious in patients with rhupus whose arthritis is refractory to methotrexate. In addition, abatacept may have a moderate effect on abnormal antibody production in rhupus patients.

Is suture locking of isolated internal locking knotless suture anchors affected by bone quality?

The mechanical performance of anchors that relied, even in part, on interference fit were affected by bone quality. Isolated internal locking knotless suture anchors functioned independently of bone quality. Anchors with a combined type (interference fit and internal locking) suture locking mechanism demonstrated similar mechanical performance to isolated internal locking anchors in osteopenic foam comparing similar sized anchors.

Expression of CDX2 was an independent indicator of outcome in patients with BTC in addition to tumor stage and tumor differentiation. The mechanism by which CDX2 expression influences behavior of biliary tract carcinoma needs further investigation.

Does laparoscopy decrease the laparotomy rate for hemodynamically stable patients with blunt hollow viscus and mesenteric injuries?

Laparoscopy is feasible and safe for hemodynamically stable patients with BHVMIs.

There seems to exist a relatively strong additional risk of VVs in persons with AD and practically none in those with hypertension compared to those without.

Are there discrete distal-proximal representations of the index finger and palm in the human somatosensory cortex?

The result, however, should be interpreted with caution, because it cannot be denied that the spatial separation of sources in the distal-proximal somatotopy is beyond the resolving capacity of magnetoencephalography (MEG). In addition, at variance with the discrete distal-proximal gradient in the mechanoreceptor density, there was no statistically significant differences between the signal strengths of the dipoles for stimulation of the different locations.

Although the reason for olfactory dysfunction in CL is far from clear, future investigations should focus on the hypothesis that endogenous intoxication may lead to a stronger deficit in the central-nervous processing of olfactory information than to peripheral lesions in the olfactory system. In addition, while more specific research is needed, olfactory dysfunction may serve as a subclinical indicator of hepatic encephalopathy.

Does patient Satisfaction after Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery Strongly Correlate with Health-Related Quality of Life Scores , Radiographic Parameters or Occurrence of Complications?

Among operatively treated ASD patients, satisfaction was moderately correlated with some HRQoL measures, and not with radiographic changes or post-operative complications. Other factors, such as patient expectations and relationship with the surgeon, may be stronger drivers of patient satisfaction.

Robot-assisted rectopexy is a safe procedure for patients with rectal prolapse and is associated with acceptable functional outcomes and recurrence rates. There is no evidence in the literature of advantages compared with the corresponding laparoscopic procedure.

Does blebbistatin effectively uncouple the excitation-contraction process in zebrafish embryonic heart?

Blebbistatin is a potent and effective excitation-contraction uncoupling agent in embryonic zebrafish heart.

Statins decreased AR protein by proteolysis but not mRNA transcription. The drop in AR levels resulted in a reduction in androgen sensitivity and a decrease in cell proliferation in AR positive prostate cancer cells.

Specific timing for colposcopy: is it worthwhile?

Timing colposcopy during the menstrual cycle does not improve the visibility of the transformation zone and is not recommended.

The results indicate that the tested doses reduced inflammatory pain effectively in a short pre-treatment period, through modulation of TNF-α and resolvins and that CFO presented better results than FO. Therefore, Ω-3 FA from FO can be proposed for use as complementary medicine in the treatment of painful and inflammatory diseases.

Does oRL-1 receptor mediate the action of nociceptin on ascending myenteric reflex pathways in rats?

We conclude that activation of ORL-1 receptors on myenteric neurons reduce excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission within the gastrointestinal tract. This is accompanied by a reduction of the small intestinal peristaltic reflex response. These effects might be used pharmacologically.

Our results suggest that an adverse fetal environment is associated with behavioural problems in childhood, in particular in those children that show a low capacity for attentional and behavioural regulation. An adverse fetal environment might induce vulnerability for behavioural problems, or it might induce changes in temperament and behavioural problems independently, representing a common cause. Pathways are likely to be based on long-lasting neurodevelopmental alterations due to prenatal adversity.

Predictors of antidepressant use among older adults: have they changed over time?

The predictors of antidepressant use by older adults changed over time, with health-related measures of quality of life, such as positive affect, health status, and somatic complaints, becoming more prominent as predictors of use.

Patients undergoing radical prostatectomy after radiotherapy had a significantly higher rate of Bcl-2 overexpression than did patients who underwent surgery as the initial treatment. Alterations in the apoptotic pathway may be important in the development of local recurrence after radiation therapy.

Does uterine spiral artery remodeling involve endothelial apoptosis induced by extravillous trophoblasts through Fas/FasL interactions?

Extravillous trophoblast induction of endothelial apoptosis is a possible mechanism by which the endothelium is removed, and vascular remodeling may occur in uterine spiral arteries. Fas/FasL interactions have an important role in trophoblast-induced endothelial apoptosis.

polyethylene was found the most effective cover in reducing skin dose and protecting the skin. Furthermore, proper agreement between the results of VARSKIN3 and other experimental measurements indicated that VRASKIN3 is a powerful tool for skin dose calculations when working with beta emitter sources. Therefore, it can be utilized in dealing with the issue of radiation protection.

Is a high concentration of prorenin in early pregnancy associated with development of pre-eclampsia in women with type 1 diabetes?

In type 1 diabetic women with pre-eclampsia, a higher concentration of prorenin in early pregnancy and higher levels of prorenin and SSAO throughout pregnancy were seen.

In the present study, we show that LD may be a model for the common forms of PCOS and that the endocrine features are corrected by leptin therapy, which reduces insulin resistance.

Is regression from prediabetes to normal glucose regulation associated with reduction in cardiovascular risk : results from the Diabetes Prevention Program outcomes study?

Prediabetes represents a high-risk state for CVD. Restoration of NGR and/or medical treatment of CVD risk factors can significantly reduce the estimated CVD risk in people with prediabetes.

Visual-detection training leads to a decrease in detection thresholds in the affected visual-field areas and to visual-field enlargement. Training effects can be generalised to important daily-life activities like reading.

Are predictive eye and hand movements differentially affected by schizophrenia?

Schizophrenic patients show increased predictive saccadic activity, but no qualitative changes in predictive saccades. Since prediction itself was not disturbed, the patients' deficit rather lies in the suppression or gating of anticipatory saccades than in their generation. This may be explained by a selective dysfunction of the basal ganglia oculomotor loop. As predictive hand movements were unimpaired, the problems in eye-hand coordination as expressed by a longer initiation time of hand movements relative to saccades are a direct consequence of impaired predictive saccadic behaviour.

Lepirudin was not more effective than heparin, which may have been related to the conservative dose of lepirudin administered. However, higher lepirudin doses are likely to incur an unacceptable risk of systemic anticoagulation.

Is malaria transmission pattern resilience to climatic variability mediated by insecticide-treated nets?

The Vanuatu ITN programme represents an excellent example of implementing an infectious disease control programme. The distribution was undertaken to cover a large, local proportion (approximately 80%) of people in villages where malaria was present. The successful coverage was possible because of the strategy for distribution of ITNs by prioritizing the free distribution to groups with restricted means for their acquisition, making the access to this resource equitable across the population. These results emphasize the need to implement infectious disease control programmes focusing on the most vulnerable populations.

Fetal screening for Down's syndrome by an early ultrasound scan did not cause more anxiety or concerns about the health of the baby in mid-pregnancy or 2 months after birth than in women who had a routine scan.

Is decreased transcranial Doppler carbon dioxide reactivity associated with disordered cerebral metabolism in patients with internal carotid artery stenosis?

A decreased CO(2) reactivity appears to be associated with a disordered cerebral metabolism. Patients with severe bilateral ICA stenosis are at risk for disordered cerebral metabolism and hemodynamics. Therefore, the indication for CEA based on the degree of ICA stenosis and clinical grounds might be refined with an additional test, such as the TCD CO(2) reactivity test.

The association between adult social class and metabolic syndrome was largely explained by behavioral factors. In addition, central adiposity, a component of metabolic syndrome, was associated with adult social class. Focusing on healthier behaviors and obesity, rather than specific efforts to reduce social inequalities surrounding metabolic syndrome, is likely to be particularly important in reducing social inequalities that affect people with coronary disease.

Is active eosinophilic esophagitis associated with impaired elimination of budesonide by cytochrome P450 3A enzymes?

Active EoE is associated with reduced elimination of budesonide via CYP3A, the major subfamily of drug-metabolizing enzymes in humans.

In the sepsis CLP mouse model, CTLs are activated toward alloantigenic target cells. Sepsis-mediated alloantigenic CTL activation is blocked in vivo by PPARγ activation. PPARγ deletion or antagonization restored rosiglitazone-dependent inhibition of CTL cytotoxicity. PPARγ inhibits the expression of Fas and granzyme B in CTLs.

Does neurturin enhance the recovery of erectile function following bilateral cavernous nerve crush injury in the rat?

Treatment with neurturin at the site of cavernous nerve crush injury facilitates recovery of erectile function. Results support further investigation of neurturin as a neuroprotective and/or neuroregenerative agent facilitating functional recovery after cavernous or other pelvic autonomic nerve injuries.

The two blood-conservation strategies resulted in similar postoperative hematologic outcomes. Given its advantages, which include lower cost, lower risk and higher convenience, ANH is one of the procedures that may replace conventional PAD for use in radical prostatectomy.

Is severe mental illness a new risk marker for blood-borne viruses and sexually transmitted infections?

Severe mental illness appears to be a risk marker for the presence of STIs, HIV and other BBVs. HIV and HCV prevalences were elevated for those with risk behaviour histories, but rates also seem elevated for patients with SMI lacking such histories when compared with the general population.

We have shown in mouse models that hydrodynamic transfection of pBS-HCRII-HP-FIXA and pBS-HCRI/II-HP-FIXA was able to induce and maintain the expression and clotting activity of human factor IX for a long period of time at a potentially therapeutic level. With an appropriate delivery system, this type of plasmid vector could be clinically useful for the hepatic expression of therapeutic genes including human factor IX.

Does inhibition of p38 pathway lead to OA-like changes in a rat animal model?

In summary, this study has provided evidence that the component of the p38 MAPK pathway is important to maintain cartilage health, and its inhibition can lead to severe cartilage degenerative changes. The observations in this study highlight the possibility of using activators of the p38 pathway as an alternative approach in the treatment of OA.

Our data indicate that V. cholerae possesses an additional regulatory loop that use AphB to activate the expression of two virulence regulators, ToxR and TcpP, which together control the expression of the master virulence regulator ToxT.

Do high fluoride and low pH level have been detected in popular flavoured beverages in Malaysia?

Due to the wide variation of the fluoride content and pH level of the drinks tested in this study, it is recommended that steps should be taken to control the fluoride concentration and pH level in beverages if dental fluorosis and erosion are to be prevented.

Phosphate is an important modifier of the anti-proteinuric response to VLPD. Reducing phosphate burden may decrease proteinuria and slow the progression of renal disease in CKD patients, an issue that remains to be tested in specific clinical trials.

Do [ Angelica sinensis polysaccharides delay aging of hematopoietic stem cells through inhibitting oxidative damge ]?

X-ray (3.0 Gy/8 F) could induce mice HSCs aging. ASP could delay senescence HSCs aging which maybe partly ascribed to the inhibition of oxidative damage and the downregulation of p16 mRNA expression.

NO has important regulatory effects on cGMP synthesis at the level of enzyme activity and mRNA abundance. NO causes an immediate synthesis of large amounts of cGMP. With prolongation of exposure (>/=60 min) sGC enzyme activity decreases and cGMP production drops significantly. Soluble GC mRNA abundance also decreases and may result in decreased responsiveness of cells to NO with regard to cGMP production.

Does the variability of the harlequin mouse phenotype resemble that of human mitochondrial-complex I-deficiency syndromes?

Thus, the Harlequin mouse phenotype appears to result from mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I deficiency. Its features resemble those of human complex I deficiency syndromes. The Harlequin mouse holds promise as a model for developing treatments for complex I deficiency syndromes.

These findings indicate developmental effects of GNAS mutation on the entire anterior pituitary gland. The pituitary of individual cases contains a spectrum of changes with regions of normal appearing gland, hyperplasia, and areas of fully developed adenoma formation, as well as transitional stages between these entities. The primary change underlying acromegaly in MAS patients is somatotroph hyperplasia involving the entire pituitary gland, with or without development of somatotroph adenoma. Thus, successful clinical management, whether it is medical, surgical, or via irradiation, must target the entire pituitary, not just the adenomas evident on imaging.

Does tantalum augment for Paprosky IIIA defects remain stable at midterm followup?

Although the complication rate requiring further surgery was considerable, most patients with these reconstructions had pain relief and reasonable function with low rates of loosening at midterm followup.

The presence of impaired chronotropic competence is a major predictor of poor training response in CHF patients with sinus rhythm.

Do splenic B cells act as antigen presenting cells for the induction of anterior chamber-associated immune deviation?

The results suggest that B cells use the BCR to capture and internalize antigen from ACAID-inducing macrophages. Lysosomal acidification of the captured antigen is essential for the processing of the ACAID antigen before TAP-independent presentation to suppressor cells.

In this limited series of "naive" patients with MS, no impact of anticholinergic therapy on vaginal lubrication or sexual quality was observed.

Is living near a coking works harmful to health?

Routinely available indicators failed to provide convincing evidence that the coking works had harmed health. Self report and GP consultations indicated that respiratory ill health in the people living close to the works was worse than expected. Some of the excess probably resulted from exposure to coking works emissions. The health effects of relatively low level but intermittently high air pollution from a point source may be subtle, contributing to respiratory morbidity, but not apparent in analysis of routine health indicators.

Aspirin intake overall was not associated with early AMD in this sample of Asian Indians, but in those with a history of cardiovascular disease the association between aspirin intake and early AMD might warrant further investigation.

Are vascular risk factors associated with post-stroke depressive symptoms?

Hypertension was associated with post-stroke depressive symptoms, while there was no relationship between PSD and other VRFs. Hypertension may have a greater impact than other VRFs on mood following stroke and may have a role in prevention and treatment of PSD.

SP1 or a closely related factor may play a primary role in the genetic response to iron-deficiency in the mammalian intestine.

Is vocal fold mass a useful quantity for describing F0 in vocalization?

In speech science, phonetics, and animal vocalization disciplines, instruction should shift away from point-mass descriptions of vocal fold tissue and toward an understanding of mode frequencies in an elastic continuum.

Illustrated urine collection instructions were well accepted by female ED patients, improved the rate of proper MSU collection and reduced the rate of urinalysis contamination in the ED.

Is neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio associated with low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in healthy young men?

We conclude that the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio is significantly elevated in asymptomatic healthy young men with low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol compared with control participants.

In men consulting for sexual dysfunction, histrionic/hysterical personality is associated with higher androgenization and better sexual functioning. Hysteria, previously considered as a typically feminine psychopathological trait (the uterine theory), should now be considered as an index of better masculine sexual well-being.

Is plasma PCSK9 a late biomarker of severity in patients with severe trauma injury?

Plasma PCSK9 appears as a late biomarker of illness severity in patients with severe multiple trauma.

Patients with pancreatic cancer and well-compensated chronic liver disease should routinely be considered for radical surgery at specialist hepatobiliary centres with expertise available to manage complex liver disease.

Does chronic angiotensin AT2R activation prevent high-fat diet-induced adiposity and obesity in female mice independent of estrogen?

We suggest that the pharmacological activation of AT2R by the agonist C21 reduces adiposity and body weight gain independent of estrogen in female mice. Improvement in fatty acid metabolism is a potential mechanism by which the AT2R exerts anti-adiposity effects.

Adiponectin attenuated the relationship between VAT and TAS, suggesting that adiponectin and insulin resistance is an important link between visceral adiposity and atherosclerosis.

Are lipid metabolites of the phospholipase A2 pathway and inflammatory cytokines associated with brain volume in paediatric cerebral malaria?

Taken together, paediatric CM brain volume was associated with products of the PLA2 pathway and inflammatory cytokines. Their role in causality is unknown. These molecules will need to undergo testing in vitro and in animal models to understand their role in processes of increased brain volume. These observations provide novel data on host physiology associated with paediatric CM brain swelling, and may both inform pathogenesis models and suggest adjunct therapies that could improve the morbidity and mortality associated with paediatric CM.

Long-term, moderate intensity exercise and rest in hypoxia does not lead to higher reductions in body weight than normoxia alone. Therefore, for weight loss and metabolic markers hypoxic exposure does not add effects at least when stimuli (i.e., hypoxia dose, exercise intensity/duration) are unaltered throughout the intervention.

Are gSTO1 uncommon genetic variants associated with recurrent miscarriage risk?

GSTO1 has a role in detoxification metabolism, and we hypothesize that a functional variation of GSTO1 is a RM risk factor that interacts with environmental conditions.

Sclerosing cholangitis in Mdr2(-/-) mice is a multistep process with regurgitation of bile from leaky ducts into the portal tracts, leading to induction of periductal inflammation, followed by activation of periductal fibrogenesis, finally causing obliterative cholangitis owing to atrophy and death of bile duct epithelial cells.

Is elevated mean platelet volume associated with presence of colon cancer?

The findings show that patients with colon cancer have higher MPV levels compared with controls, and these are reduced after surgery. In addition, MPV was found to be independently associated with the presence of colon cancer. Further studies are warranted to assess the utility of MPV as a novel diagnostic screening tool for colon cancer.

Bile acids induced mucin expression in human colon carcinoma cells by increasing MUC2 transcription through a process involving MAP kinase-independent, PKC-dependent activation of AP-1.

Does postnatal depression screening work?

Our estimates of PPV indicate that population screening with an instrument at least as accurate as the EPDS could successfully increase the number of cases identified and, therefore, treatment rates. Comparisons with the performance of physical health-screening programs appear favourable. Appropriate training for health professionals is essential to minimize potential harms, and following all positive screening results with a formal diagnostic procedure is likely to be useful both clinically and in terms of health system costs.

LCS has no value as a screening tool in the blunt trauma patient since most are either inaccurate or incomplete. It should be eliminated from the Advanced Trauma Life Support algorithm, and CTC should receive emphasis as the diagnostic gold standard.

Does sulphonylurea therapy improve cognition in a patient with the V59M KCNJ11 mutation?

This is the first clear report of cognitive function improving in a patient with the neurological features associated with a K(ATP) channel mutation following transfer to sulphonylureas. The finding of cognitive improvement suggests that glibenclamide is likely to be acting directly on the brain and not just on nerve and muscle, improving muscle strength.

When confronted with lonely patients, a helpful distinction could be made between transitory and chronic loneliness. Chronically lonely patients are more likely to evoke negative feelings and behaviour in their GPs. GPs should try to recognize these emotions and make sure they do not harmfully influence consultation.

Are the anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies independent predictors of myocardial involvement in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis?

Anti-CCP antibody is an important marker, independently associated with impaired left ventricular relaxation and the DAS-28-CRP(4v) is a more sensitive predictor of cardiac involvement in the RA than the DAS-28 variant including the ESR.

Lymphedema continues to be a problem for patients with breast cancer. A program of lymphedema therapy can reduce the volume of edema and reduce pain in this population.

Are radiation treatment interruptions greater than one week and low hemoglobin levels ( 12 g/dL ) predictors of local regional failure after definitive concurrent chemotherapy and intensity-modulated radiation therapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck?

Overall radiation treatment time and pretreatment hemoglobin level were significant predictors for loco-regional failure after definitive concurrent chemotherapy and IMRT for SCCHN.

Polymorphism at position 9,402 of the OPN gene is highly associated with urinary calcium stones and it is a candidate genetic marker for evaluating the genetic risk of urinary calcium stone disease, whereas polymorphism at position 9,171 of the OPN gene is not associated with urinary calcium stone disease.

Does matrix metalloproteinase inhibition attenuate brain edema in an in vivo model of surgically-induced brain injury?

Inhibition of MMP-9 and MMP-2 attenuates brain edema and BBB disruption after SBI. The study suggests a potential role for MMP inhibition as preoperative therapy before neurosurgical procedures.

We observed differences in infection type, pathogen, and antibiotic-resistant bacterium risk across time of hospitalization. These results may guide infection prevention in various stages of the postburn admission.

Do heparins increase endothelial nitric oxide bioavailability by liberating vessel-immobilized myeloperoxidase?

Mobilization of vessel-associated MPO may represent an important mechanism by which heparins exert antiinflammatory effects and increase vascular NO bioavailability. These data add to the growing body of evidence for a causal role of MPO in compromised vascular NO signaling in humans.

These data suggest that rosuvastatin improved not only hepatic steatosis but also hepatic injury and fibrosis via improved peroxisomal β-oxidation in this rat HFHC model.

Do survival prediction algorithms miss significant opportunities for improvement if used for case selection in trauma quality improvement programs?

TRISS and PS fail to identify a significant proportion of avoidable deaths and miss important opportunities for process and system improvement. Based on this, all trauma deaths should be subjected to expert panel review in order to aim at a maximal output of performance improvement programs.

Activation of FXR transcription in the intestine protects the liver from cholestasis in mice by inducing FGF15 expression and reducing the hepatic pool of BA; this approach might be developed to reverse cholestasis in patients.

Is conservative treatment for adenocarcinoma in situ of the cervix safe?

In those cases with clear margins in the cone biopsy, there is a place for conservative management of a selected group of patients who wish to preserve fertility. However, 16.7% of these will require further treatment after four years because of recurrent cytological abnormalities. Women who opt for conservative management should undergo regular, long term surveillance in a colposcopy clinic. Among those women with involved margins in the initial cone biopsy, there is a high incidence of residual disease. A second cone biopsy may be appropriate 'definitive treatment' for young women who wish to preserve their fertility if the margins of the second biopsy are clear and there is no evidence of invasion. Even among those for whom a hysterectomy is the proposed 'definitive treatment', a second cone biopsy may be required before hysterectomy to avoid inappropriate treatment of an occult invasive lesion.

In this experimental trial, rigid standard laparoscopy provided better organ visualization, better lesion detection, and better biopsy capability than the transgastric and transcolonic NOTES approaches. In its current form, NOTES appears to be unsuitable for diagnostic laparoscopy.

Managing epilepsy in the primary care network in Brazil: are health professionals prepared?

The professionals participating in the study indicated that the primary care system has the essential elements needed to provide comprehensive epilepsy care, including professional personnel who want to improve their skills. However, establishing an efficient, effective program of epilepsy management in the primary care network will require an effective referral network, regular distribution of antiepileptic drugs, the close monitoring of epilepsy management by using the federal primary health information system, and the ongoing education of health professionals, with emphasis on psychological support and the inclusion in society of individuals with epilepsy.

Kyphoplasty is a modern minimal invasive surgery, allowing faster recovery than bracing treatment. It can avoid the deformity in kyphosis due to VCF. In fact, the risk to develop a new vertebral fracture after the first one is very high.

Is surgeon volume for percutaneous nephrolithotomy associated with medical costs and length of hospital stay : a nationwide population-based study in Taiwan?

Surgeon volume was associated with lower medical costs and shorter length of stay after PCNL. Surgeon volume, however, was not an independent predictor of complications and mortality. Our findings have important implications for urologists and policymakers with regard to the cost and effectiveness of PCNL.

In an anticoagulated AF patient's cohort, sST2 levels are an independent predictive factor of all-cause mortality. sST2 levels could be a biomarker used to improve clinical risk assessment in anticoagulated AF patients.

Is immunohistochemical dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase expression a good prognostic indicator for patients with Dukes ' C colorectal cancer?

Immunohistochemical DPD expression in tumors is a useful prognostic parameter in patients with Dukes' C CRC treated with postoperative adjuvant FU-based chemotherapy.

Of all these systems, the Goseki classification was the only system with prognostic value that is additional to TNM staging.

Selective capacity of glass-wool filtration for the separation of human spermatozoa with condensed chromatin: a possible therapeutic modality for male-factor cases?

In contrast, comparing swim-up to the ejaculate, the percentage of matured nuclei (unstained spermatozoa) retrieved following swim-up was significantly lower (P<0.005). Glass-wool filtration separates human spermatozoa according to motility and size of the sperm head. The size of the sperm head closely correlated with the chromatin condensation quality.

ECM proteins have important roles in acquired resistance to anticancer drugs and cell proliferation regulation of pancreatic cancer cells. Therefore, the expression of ECM proteins in pancreatic cancer specimens could provide valuable information to aid anticancer drug cytotoxicity, and gemcitabine would be useful for treatment of patients with pancreatic cancer.

Does practical approach to insulin therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus with premixed insulin analogues?

Premixed insulin analogues have a more physiologic time-action profile, can be administered closer to mealtime, and produce greater reductions in the magnitude of postprandial glucose excursions than human insulin 70/30. Despite these advantages, no consistent differences in HbA(1c) reduction or the incidence of hypoglycemia versus human insulin 70/30 have been found in most short-term trials. Although there is an increased risk of minor hypoglycemia, patients using premixed insulin analogues twice daily are more likely to reach HbA(1c) goals than those using only insulin glargine once daily. Further studies are necessary to examine whether these advantages improve patient outcomes in clinical practice.

Various lesions like craniopharyngiomas, tuberculomas can mimic optic chiasmatic-hypothalamic gliomas radiologically, and it is not possible to diagnose them with certainty on the basis of radiological findings alone. Biopsy and tissue diagnosis should always be sought before instituting radiotherapy or chemotherapy for optic chiasmatic-hypothalamic gliomas.

Are moderate and severe periodontitis independent risk factors associated with low cardiorespiratory fitness in sedentary non-smoking men aged between 45 and 65 years?

This study demonstrated that moderate and severe periodontitis were independently associated with low levels of CRF in sedentary men aged between 45 and 65 years.

Consistent with past work, the current study found that low physical activity is common in older adults with HF. Depression is an independent predictor of physical activity in older adults with HF and reduced physical activity is associated with numerous adverse psychosocial outcomes. Future studies need to determine whether treatment of depression can boost physical activity and thus improve health outcomes in this population.

Accurate parental classification of overweight adolescents' weight status: does it matter?

Accurate classification of child overweight status may not translate into helpful behaviors and may lead to unhealthy behaviors such as encouragement to diet. Instead of focusing on weight per se, it may be more helpful to direct efforts toward helping parents provide a home environment that supports healthful eating, physical activity, and well-being.

IM vaccination provided protection irrespective of dose and the presence of Matrix-M adjuvant, whilst the IN vaccine required adjuvant to protect against the challenge. The Matrix-M adjuvanted vaccine induced a strong and cross-reactive serum antibody response indicative of seroprotection after both IM and IN administration. In addition, the IM vaccine induced the highest frequencies of influenza specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells. The results confirm a high potential of Matrix-M adjuvanted virosomal vaccines and support the progress of this vaccine into a phase 1 clinical trial.

Is surgical case order associated with increased infection rate after spine surgery?

Decompressive procedures performed later in the day carry a higher risk for postoperative infection. No similar trend was shown for fusion procedures. Our results identify potential modifiable risk factors contributing to infection rates in spinal procedures. Specific risk factors, although not defined in this study, might be related to contamination of the operating room, cross-contamination between health care providers during the course of the day, use of flash sterilization, and mid-day shift changes.

Thus, GHRH neurons are a specific target for ghrelin within the brain, and not activated secondary to altered activity in feeding circuits. These results support the view that ghrelin related therapeutic approaches could be directed separately towards GH deficiency or feeding disorders.

Does suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid combined with gemcitabine enhance apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer?

Combined SAHA and gemcitabine sensitized NSCLC cells to apoptosis. Potential "proapoptotic" mechanisms for this finding include gemcitabine inhibition of SAHA-induced NF-kappaB activation and chromatin remodeling mediated by the inhibition of histone deacetylases.

PDAC responds to radiotherapy by producing CCL2, which recruits Ly6C

Do muscarinic receptors mediate carbachol-induced inhibition of maximal electroshock seizures in the nucleus reticularis pontis oralis?

RPO microinjection of carbachol inhibited the THE component of MESs in rats. The carbachol effect appeared to be mediated by muscarinic receptors as the anticonvulsant activity was antagonized by atropine, and the selective nicotinic agonist DMPP induced no anticonvulsant activity. Because pertussis toxin acts to inhibit muscarinic receptor-linked G proteins, the pertussis toxin antagonism of carbachol also supports a muscarinic mechanism of action.

Despite the multiple comorbidities that afflict patients with ischemic MR, mitral valve repair for ischemic and degenerative disease produces comparable and satisfactory outcomes. An aggressive approach to repair of functional ischemic MR, including treatment of tethering, leads to durable results.

Do mesenchymal stem cells stabilize the blood-brain barrier through regulation of astrocytes?

The present study indicated that MSCs may stabilize BBB permeability by modulating astrocytic endfeet and VEGF-A signaling, which may be relevant to the treatment of Parkinsonian diseases as a candidate for disease modifying therapeutics.

The CCBNEd program was most effective at increasing F&V consumption.

Does tissue factor expressed in pituitary adenoma cells contribute to the development of vascular events in pituitary adenomas?

Locally overexpressed TF in adenoma cells may contribute to the development of vascular events, such as infarction and/or hemorrhagic infarction, in pituitary adenomas.

Early-onset neonatal sepsis in term infants differs in bacterial species from that in preterm infants, with predominantly gram-positive organisms in term and near-term infants and gram-negative organisms in preterms. Rates of bacterial resistance to the combination of ampicillin and gentamicin, though higher among infants born to mothers with prolonged hospitalization who had been treated with antibiotics, still remained very low in our department. Thus, it seems that our classic antibiotic regimen is still appropriate for both term and preterm newborns.

Does the HAS-BLED score predict long-term major bleeding and death in anticoagulated non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients undergoing electrical cardioversion?

In AF patients undergoing ECV, major bleeding episodes and mortality were independently associated with poor quality anticoagulation control and previous bleeding-predisposition. The HAS-BLED score successfully predicted major bleeding and mortality.

Since IL-7 exhibits trophic properties in developing brain, down-regulation of IL-7 by hypoxia may contribute to hypoxia-induced injury to neural cells.

Do cardiac progenitor-derived exosomes protect ischemic myocardium from acute ischemia/reperfusion injury?

Our results suggest, for the first time, the CPC-exosomes can be used as a therapeutic vehicle for cardioprotection, and highlights a new perspective for using non-cell exosomes for cardiac disease.

Rapid hemodilution can increase the incidence of sepsis within 28 days and in-hospital mortality. Hematocrit should be maintained between 30%-40% in the acute response stage.

Does obesity increase complication rate of percutaneous epicardial access?

Percutaneous epicardial access, mapping, and ablation can be performed in obese individuals with similar outcomes to those of lower weight category. Obesity should not preclude the use of percutaneous epicardial access when clinically indicated.

There is as yet no evidence that using virtual reality games will prevent falls, but there is an indication that their use in balance training may improve balance control, which in turn may lead to falls prevention.

The within-match patterns of locomotor efficiency during professional soccer match play: Implications for injury risk?

Locomotor efficiency is lower during the latter stages of each half of competitive soccer match-play, a trend synonymous with observations of increased injury incidence and fatigue in these periods. Locomotor efficiency may be a valuable metric to identify fatigue and heightened injury risk during soccer training and match-play.

Throat clearing and mucus sensation may be due to underlying glottic insufficiency and changes of the aging larynx rather than LPR. High VHI and RSI scores normalized with TVF augmentation. Further work is needed to evaluate symptom presentation and risk versus benefit of treatment options, especially if it avoids unnecessary proton pump inhibitor trials.

Urethroplasty for treatment of long anterior urethral stricture: buccal mucosa graft versus penile skin graft-does the stricture length matter?

BMG and PSG have comparable success rates in treatment of long anterior urethral strictures. Operative time is significantly longer in BMG. Long-segment strictures are associated with longer operative time, more blood loss, and more occurrence of postvoid dribbling. However, the length of the stricture has no influence on the success rate and functional outcomes of DOU.

Higher post-challenge glucose response protects against BW gain in subjects with normal glucose regulation. We propose that this action may be because of the effect of glucose on food intake and/or thermogenesis.

Does nicotine restore monoamine neurotransmitter changes in the cortex and hippocampus of reserpinized rats as a model of depression?

The data of the present study suggest that the antidepressant-like effect of nicotine could be mediated by the effect of nicotine on monoamine neurotransmitters in the cortex and hippocampus of rat brain.

In South Carolina, pleural involvement is more common in AIDS patients than in non-AIDS patients with tuberculosis. Tuberculous pleurisy has several atypical features in AIDS patients such as substantial weight loss and lower lobe infiltrates. The outcome of treatment is good for most patients.

Does dopamine D1 receptor blockade impair alcohol seeking without reducing dorsal striatal activation to cues of alcohol availability?

These data suggest that D1 receptor antagonism reduces basal firing rates in the dorsal striatum and modulates the ability of neuronal activation to "anticipatory" cues to initiate alcohol seeking in rats with an extensive history of alcohol self-administration.

Oestrogen decreases contractility in human colonic smooth muscle by a non-genomic mechanism involving cell membrane coupling.

Does isoflavone Genistein modulate the Protein Expression of Toll-like Receptors in Cancerous Human Endometrial Cells?

Taken together, the present results that genistein increased the basal TLR2 and attenuated the viral component-induced TLR2 protein expression in human endometrial epithelial cells may indicate the potential role of this soy isoflavone in promoting the uterine immune function and probably alleviating the inflammation of endometrium following pathogen

PIGD phenotype and attention deficits are independently associated with a greater rate of cognitive decline in patients with non-demented PD. We propose that subtle attentional deficits in patients with non-demented PD predict subsequent cognitive impairment.

Are synovial Fluid Lubricant Properties Transiently Deficient after Arthroscopic Articular Cartilage Defect Repair with Platelet-Enriched Fibrin Alone and with Mesenchymal Stem Cells?

Following arthroscopic surgery for cartilage defect repair, synovial fluid lubrication function is transiently impaired, in association with decreased hyaluronan concentration. This functional deficiency in synovial fluid lubrication can be counteracted

Systemic statin administration after platinum coil embolization of unruptured aneurysms in a rabbit model does not improve aneurysm occlusion rates at 4 weeks.

Do monosodium urate crystals induce oxidative stress in human synoviocytes?

Our results prove that MSU crystals induce the release of ROS and RNS in FLS, subsequently oxidizing proteins and altering the cellular oxidative state of the endoplasmic reticulum, which results in FLS apoptosis.

Our data demonstrate that genetic impairment of the (IRS)-1/PI3-K/PDK-1/Akt insulin signaling cascade determines impaired insulin-stimulated NO release and suggest that the G972R-IRS-1 polymorphism, through a direct impairment of Akt/eNOS activation in endothelial cells, may contribute to the genetic predisposition to develop endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease.

Do semi-mature MyD88-silenced bone marrow dendritic cells prolong the allograft survival in a rat model of intestinal transplantation?

Semi-mature DCs may promote inducible allograft tolerance and this study suggests a new strategy by which to facilitate the induction of transplant tolerance.

The current prospective human study suggests that the increased susceptibility for ventricular fibrillation and dysrhythmia, and the delayed recovery of the conduction system after hypothermic myocardial protection, are related to temperature-induced changes in vital cellular functions of the conduction tissue in the postischemic period. Both cardioplegic methods provide adequate myocardial protection but normothermic oxygenated blood cardioplegia may accelerate recovery of the heart after cardiopulmonary bypass.

Do biocompatibility of magnesium implants in primary human reaming debris-derived cells stem cells in vitro?

In terms of cell morphology, cell viability and differentiation, cell density and the effect on the surrounding pH, Mg2Ag showed the most promising results. All magnesium materials induced calcification, which is beneficial for orthopaedic and dental applications.

Our data provide the first evidence that common genetic variants play an important role in BMD loss among HCT patients similar to age-related BMD loss in the general population. This infers that the mechanism for post-HCT bone loss is a normal aging process that is accelerated during HCT. A limitation of our study comes from its small patient population; hence future larger studies are warranted to validate our findings.

Do common genetic variants contribute to primary hypertriglyceridemia without differences between familial combined hyperlipidemia and isolated hypertriglyceridemia?

Common genetic variants found in LPL, APOA5, and GCKR are associated with triglycerides levels in patients with primary hypertriglyceridemias. FCHL and isolated hypertriglyceridemias are probably trace to an accumulation of genetic variants predisposing to familial and sporadic hypertriglyceridemias or to hypertriglyceridemias and hypercholesterolemia in case of FCHL.

Office-based unsedated small-caliber endoscopy is technically feasible, well tolerated, and accurate in screening for Barrett's esophagus, despite yielding a smaller biopsy specimen. This approach bears the potential to eliminate the infrastructure and cost required for intravenous sedation in this application.

Does extracellular matrix rigidity control podosome induction in microvascular endothelial cells?

Our results show that microvascular endothelial cells are able to form podosomes without specific stimulation. Our data suggest that the major determinant of podosome induction in these cells is substrate rigidity.

It seems that hsCRP does not give any extra value in evaluation of CVE risk or all-cause mortality of older subjects with MetS.

Does vitamin A supplementation have divergent effects on norovirus infections and clinical symptoms among Mexican children?

These findings suggest that NoV is an important cause of pediatric diarrhea in this study population and that vitamin A supplementation has divergent effects on specific outcomes of NoV infection.

This anecdotal observation supports the notion that a history of DKA does not exclude MODY.

Does effect of different full-limb cast on in vitro bone strain in the distal portion of the equine forelimb?

Compared with the standard full limb cast, the full-limb transfixation pin cast is more protective of the first phalanx.

This study indicates that an ultrasound diagnosis of ncPVL should not be used as a sole predictor of lower brain growth detectable at TEA.

Is sequential intra-arterial therapy and portal vein embolization feasible and safe in patients with advanced hepatic malignancies?

Sequential IAT and PVE are feasible and safe. Utilization of IAT+PVE before a resection can lead to long-term survival and should be considered in the treatment of patients with advanced hepatic malignancies.

There is no evidence for a beneficial effect of treatment with n-3 PUFA on the occurrence of POAF in patients undergoing open heart surgery.

Do increases in inflammatory mediators in DRG implicate in the pathogenesis of painful neuropathy in Type 2 diabetes?

The rise in inflammatory markers in the DRG of Type 2 diabetic animals and increases in voltage gated sodium channel NaV1.7 in DRG with the onset of pain in PDN suggest that inflammation in the DRG may play an important role in the development of pain in this model.

These results suggest that heparin and IGF-II, but not IGF-I are important regulators of villous cytotrophoblast survival in early and late pregnancy.

Are elevated serum myeloperoxidase activities significantly associated with the prevalence of ACS and High LDL-C levels in CHD patients?

The present study provides epidemiological evidence that elevated serum MPO activities are significantly associated with the prevalence of ACS and high LDL-C levels in CHD patients, and MPO may be a potential early warning marker for ACS.

Our results suggest that if androgens contribute to CVD in middle-aged men, the effect is not related to a suppressive effect of endogenous T on HDL-C.

Does cognitive function worsen during pegylated interferon and ribavirin retreatment of chronic hepatitis C?

Retreatment of prior non-responders with peginterferon and ribavirin was not associated with objective evidence of cognitive impairment as measured by a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests. The lack of cognitive impairment is reassuring and suggests that self-reported symptoms of cognitive dysfunction are more likely related to the systemic and psychiatric side effects of antiviral treatment rather than measurable changes in cognition.

Simultaneous antegrade/retrograde cardioplegia significantly improved myocardial perfusion in jeopardized areas of the myocardium. The jeopardized myocardium was mainly perfused by the solution drained from the adjacent normal tissue. Elevated pressure at the coronary sinus during simultaneous antegrade/retrograde cardioplegia is responsible for the redistribution of antegradely delivered cardioplegic solution.

Is the addition of a foot ring to the circular external fixator necessary in the treatment of extra-articular distal tibia fractures?

We conclude that CEF without the addition of a foot ring may result in better functional outcomes in the treatment of extra-articular distal tibia fractures.

This study reveals a role for ghrelin, but not leptin, signaling within medial hypothalamus in FAA on both a population level and in single cells, identifying a subset of neurons onto which cue information and ghrelin signaling converge, possibly to drive FAA.

Do sex differences in soluble markers vary before and after the initiation of antiretroviral therapy in chronically HIV-infected individuals?

We provide evidence of sustained immune activation after 48 weeks of treatment and identify possible sex differences in biomarkers previously linked to cognitive impairment, chronic inflammation, and gut integrity that may contribute to immunological differences between sexes in relationship to disease progression and response to therapy.

The ACANGO initiative model and network has demonstrated success in enhancing the production and use of knowledge in program design and implementation for vulnerable populations.

Is hepatic inflammation induced by high-fructose diet associated with altered 11βHSD1 expression in the liver of Wistar rats?

High-fructose diet does not influence hepatic glucocorticoid signaling downstream of the receptor, permitting development of NFκB-driven inflammation. The alteration in 11βHSD1 expression is most likely the consequence of enhanced inflammation, finally leading to disruption of insulin signaling in the rat liver.

During a period when little growth occurred in the incidence of PAD, sharp growth occurred in testing for the disease.

Are serum levels of pigment epithelium-derived factor ( PEDF ) positively associated with visceral adiposity in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes?

These results demonstrated that serum levels of PEDF were positively associated with metabolic components and TNF-alpha in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. Our present study suggests that PEDF may be generated from adipose tissues and play some role in visceral obesity in type 2 diabetic patients.

miR-124 plays a neurons-protective role via apoptosis-inhibiting pathway in ischemic stroke.

Does the first peritonitis episode alter the natural course of peritoneal membrane characteristics in peritoneal dialysis patients?

The very first peritonitis episode alters the natural course of peritoneal membrane characteristics. The most likely explanation might be that cured peritoneal infection later causes long-lasting alterations in peritoneal transport state.

This study implicates PC6 as a key regulatory protein essential for the attachment of the blastocyst to the endometrial epithelium through the processing of pro-integrin-αs. Compromised PC6 action reduces the post-translational modification of integrin-αs, thus compromising implantation.

Does the number of CD10-positive glomerular epithelial cells reflect renal prognosis in IgA nephropathy patients?

The reduction of GECs was associated with renal dysfunction, histopathological damage and renal prognosis. The GECs may be a useful predictor of renal prognosis in IgA nephropathy.

Low levels of FT are independently associated with increased CHF mortality.

Does meningococcal bacterial DNA load at presentation correlate with disease severity?

Patients with MCD have higher bacterial loads than previously determined with quantitative culture methods. Admission bacterial load is significantly higher in patients with severe disease (GMSPS > or =8) and maximum load is highest in those who die. Bacterial load is independent of the duration of clinical symptoms or the decline in DNA load.

In this hospital population, signs occurred at a high rate. Radiographic parameters attributed to FAI are non-specific. Especially radiographic signs attributed to pincer type impingement have a high prevalence.

Can bladder outflow obstruction be diagnosed from pressure flow analysis of voiding initiated by involuntary detrusor overactivity?

This study demonstrates that increased detrusor pressure observed during voiding subsequent to detrusor overactivity does not change the diagnostic classification in 80% of men. The results provide evidence that bladder outflow obstruction can be reliably diagnosed based on pressure flow parameters recorded during voiding initiated by involuntary detrusor overactivity.

Study findings suggest that CNP could ameliorate IR-induced acute kidney injury through inhibition of apoptotic and oxidative stress pathways, possibly through NPR-B-cGMP signaling.

Is neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio related to the severity of coronary artery disease and clinical outcome in patients undergoing angiography?

Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio is independently associated with CAD severity and 3-years outcome. NLR value appears additive to conventional risk factors and commonly used biomarkers.

Application of structured implicit review methods is clearly feasible for peer review organization case review. Use of a simple worksheet was more time efficient than use of a highly structured form. There was not only less variation in review results but also identification of fewer potentially significant adverse events when the highly structured form was used. Teaching the structured approach to chart review may be more important to obtaining good results than using a structured review form.

Does effective anti-Alzheimer Aβ therapy involve depletion of specific Aβ oligomer subtypes?

We propose that targeting of specific soAβ assembly subtypes may be an important consideration in the therapeutic and/or prophylactic benefit of anti-Aβ antibody drugs.

These in vivo studies, together with previous in vitro studies from this laboratory, appear to provide strong evidence in support of a role for LLLI in the attenuation of aneurysm progression. Further studies in large animals would appear to be the next step towards testing the applicability of this technology to the human interventional setting.

Does increased intake of calcium reverse vitamin B12 malabsorption induced by metformin?

Patients receiving metformin have diminished B12 absorption and low serum total vitamin B12 and TCII-B12 levels because of a calcium-dependent ileal membrane antagonism, an effect reversed with supplemental calcium.

These data provide evidence of muscle fiber changes after induction of an IVD lesion and a parallel increase in TNF-α expression. Proinflammatory cytokine changes provide a novel mechanism to explain behavioral and structural changes in multifidus.

Does hippocampal atrophy correlate with clinical features of Alzheimer disease in African Americans?

Hippocampal atrophy is a feature of AD in African Americans as it is in white subjects. The neuropsychological-hippocampal volume correlations indicate that hippocampal volume measurements do represent a measure of the structural substrate of functional impairment in AD.

This study demonstrates a combined effectiveness of silibinin on improving liver and myocardial injury in experimental nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Is plasma level of oxidized low-density lipoprotein an independent determinant of coronary macrovasomotor and microvasomotor responses induced by bradykinin?

The plasma level of oxLDL is an appropriate surrogate for assessing coronary endothelial-dependent vasomotor function as estimated by responses to BK compared with conventional risk factors for atherosclerosis.

If TRIC becomes available as a method for non-invasive prenatal testing, our data demonstrate that it is unaffected by BMI and is useful as early as 5 weeks of GA.

Is aluminium tolerance in rice antagonistic with nitrate preference and synergistic with ammonium preference?

The results suggest that aluminium tolerance in rice is antagonistic with nitrate preference and synergistic with ammonium preference under acidic solution conditions. A schematic diagram summarizing the interactions of aluminium and nitrogen in soil-plant ecosystems is presented and provides a new basis for the integrated management of acidic soils.

The results showed that patients supported by a peer group enjoyed a higher quality of life compared to others. Although significant differences were observed in scores of both case and control groups in Tehran, similar findings were not obtained in Isfahan. This may be due to incomplete matching of the peer group members and incapability of the volunteers to maintain an effective and constructive communication with the patients.

Is inhibition of glioma growth by minocycline mediated through endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis and autophagic cell death?

Mino induced autophagy by eliciting endoplasmic reticulum stress response and switched cell death from autophagy to apoptosis when autophagy was blocked. These results coupled with clinical availability and a safe track record make Mino a promising agent for the treatment of malignant gliomas.

Post-injury administration of simvastatin ameliorates bladder and renal dysfunction associated with SCI in rats.

Do common environmental chemicals explain atopy contrast in the Finnish and Russian Karelia?

Higher concentrations of common environmental chemicals were measured in Russian compared with Finnish Karelian children and mothers. The chemicals did not explain the higher prevalence of atopy on the Finnish side.

Our data indicate that a high dose of 5-MTHF or folic acid does not influence NK cell function in vitro.

Is acute renal dysfunction after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass associated with plasmatic IL6 increase?

Severe acute renal dysfunction after cardiac surgery with CPB is associated with a significant increased IL-6 systemic production.

Conjugation with L-HSA increased the antineoplastic efficacy and decreased the systemic toxicity of DOXO administered to rats with HCCs produced by DENA.

Do common variants in SLC17A3 gene affect intra-personal variation in serum uric acid levels in longitudinal time series?

Repeated measurements offer a possibility to enrich the percent of explained variance and contribute to the understanding of the "missing heritability" concept. Although a number of genes have been shown to affect serum uric acid concentration, SLC17A3 seems to have a major role in determination of serum uric acid repeated measurements variation.

This article reviews SCD and whether this can be used to predict Alzheimer's disease. The review also discusses the terminology used for non-progressive memory problems and the long-term outcomes for this patient group.

Does cryopreservation of hematopoietic progenitor cells from apheresis at high cell concentrations impair the hematopoietic recovery after transplantation?

The cryopreservation of HPC-A at higher than standard NC concentrations has no adverse impact on hematopoietic reconstitution after transplantation.

These data suggest that TTS has a potential role in clinical prevention and treatment for colorectal cancer.

Does absence of Pear1 affect murine platelet function in vivo?

Murine platelet Pear1 shares a number of characteristics with human platelet PEAR1. Nevertheless, murine Pear1 contributes less to platelet function as does human PEAR1 and does not overtly impact haemostasis and thrombosis in mice.

These results demonstrate that THH protects the liver from ischemia and reperfusion-induced necrosis and PMN infiltration. In addition, THH reduces the serum levels of TNF-alpha and associated pulmonary injury. These data suggest that the ischemic liver is a potential source of inflammatory mediators associated with hepatic ischemia and reperfusion-induced pulmonary injury.

Does increased hemostasis potential persist in women with previous thromboembolism with or without APC resistance?

A procoagulant state perseveres in patients with a history of pregnancy-related DVT, even after the symptomatic phase is over. The mechanisms behind such an imbalance in overall hemostasis are enhanced thrombin generation and depressed fibrinolysis. These findings may underscore the need for thromboprophylaxis to prevent recurrence of thromboembolism in risk situations.

This is the first demonstration that defects in the cardioprotective cGMP-PKG system could be a critical biochemical anomaly in hyperlipidaemia.

Should we say NO to body piercing in children?

Complications after body piercing are observed in adults, as well as in children, in whom the decision of piercing performance should be carefully considered and rather postponed until self care is achievable.

Greater awareness is needed about issues related to self-disclosing arthritis at work. This study emphasizes the importance of a supportive work place, especially supportive coworkers, in decisions to discuss arthritis at work and in changes to work that might enable people to remain employed.

Do school crossing guards make crossing roads safer?

School crossing guards are a simple roadway modification to increase walking to school without apparent detrimental safety effects. Other more permanent interventions are necessary to address the frequency of child PMVCs occurring away from the location of crossing guards, and outside of school travel times.

Bilateral pleural effusion/pulmonary consolidation suggest SAP to some extent. Measuring the values of pleural effusion/pulmonary consolidation has some clinic cost for assessing the severity and the prognosis of Acute Pancreatitis.

Is skin sclerosis only of limited value to identify SSc patients with severe manifestations -- an analysis of a distinct patient subgroup of the German Systemic Sclerosis Network ( DNSS ) Register?

In patients with SSc, potentially life-threatening complications and clinical symptoms with high impact on the quality of life occur independently from the extent of skin sclerosis. The diagnosis in SSc patients with a low mRSS could be missed or they could be insufficiently treated.

Reduced circulating miR-150 levels are associated with poor survival in PAH.

Does diphenhydramine enhance the interaction of hypercapnic and hypoxic ventilatory drive?

We conclude that although it did not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide during hyperoxia or the ventilatory response to hypoxia at an end-tidal carbon dioxide tension of 46 mmHg diphenhydramine augmented the hypoxic response under conditions of hypercapnia in our young healthy volunteers. Although these findings may help to explain the apparent safety of diphenhydramine, they may not be applicable to debilitated patients or those who have received systemic or neuraxial ventilatory depressants.

Intravenous morphine titration using a loading dose of morphine followed by strictly administered lower doses at regular intervals remains the criterion standard. Moreover, this study supports the idea that the doses studied should be considered for routine administration in severe pain protocols.

Does medication abuse in patients with chronic migraine influence the effectiveness of preventive treatment with topiramate?

Topiramate was effective in patients with CM with and without medication abuse, although effectiveness is lower in the latter case.

the mutation of Rb gene is frequent in gastric carcinoma. The expression of altered pRb inversely correlates with tumor invasion and is not an independent prognostic marker in gastric adenocarcinoma.