Datasets:

Saurabh4509

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jenny/11023

COMMON LAW AND EQUITY

common law and equity

moderate speed

kɑmʌn lɔ ʌnd ɛkwʌti

quite clear

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's speech is clear but slightly monotonous, with moderate speed of delivery.'.

jenny/11024

King John of England signs Magna Carta

king john of england signs magna carta

moderate speed

kɪŋ dʒɑn ʌv ɪŋɡlʌnd saɪnz mæɡnʌ kɑɹtʌ

quite clear

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny speaks with a moderate tone of voice, quite clear and concise.'

jenny/11025

The 'doctrine of precedent', or stare decisis means that decisions by higher courts bind lower courts, and future decisions of the same court, to assure that similar cases reach similar results.

the 'doctrine of precedent', or stare decisis means that decisions by higher courts bind lower courts, and future decisions of the same court, to assure that similar cases reach similar results.

moderate speed

ðʌ 'dɑktɹʌn ʌv pɹɛsɪdʌnt', ɔɹ stɛɹ minz ðæt dɪsɪʒʌnz baɪ haɪɜ˞ kɔɹts baɪnd loʊɜ˞ kɔɹts, ʌnd fjutʃɜ˞ dɪsɪʒʌnz ʌv ðʌ seɪm kɔɹt, tu ʌʃʊɹ ðæt sɪmʌlɜ˞ keɪsʌz ɹitʃ sɪmʌlɜ˞ ɹɪzʌlts.

slightly noisy

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's speech is quite monotone, with a slightly noisy and confined sound.'

jenny/11026

Common law originated from England and has been inherited by almost every country once tied to the British Empire .

common law originated from england and has been inherited by almost every country once tied to the british empire .

slightly fast

kɑmʌn lɔ ɜ˞ɪdʒʌneɪtʌd fɹʌm ɪŋɡlʌnd ʌnd hæz bɪn ɪnhɛɹʌtɪd baɪ ɔlmoʊst ɛvɜ˞i kʌntɹi wʌns taɪd tu ðʌ bɹɪtɪʃ ɛmpaɪɜ˞ .

very noisy

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Extremely noisy and confined recording. Jenny speaks very slowly and in a monotone voice.'

jenny/11027

In medieval England, the Norman conquest the law varied-shire-to-shire, based on disparate tribal customs.

in medieval england, the norman conquest the law varied shire to shire, based on disparate tribal customs.

moderate speed

ɪn mɪdivʌl ɪŋɡlʌnd, ðʌ nɔɹmʌn kɑŋkwɛst ðʌ lɔ vɛɹid-ʃaɪɹ-tu-ʃaɪɹ, beɪst ɑn dɪspɜ˞ɪt tɹaɪbʌl kʌstʌmz.

slightly noisy

very confined sounding

very monotone

'Jenny's speech is very monotone and slightly noisy, with a moderate pace of delivery.'

jenny/11028

The next major step in the evolution of the common law came when King John was forced by his barons to sign a document limiting his authority to pass laws.

the next major step in the evolution of the common law came when king john was forced by his barons to sign a document limiting his authority to pass laws.

slightly fast

ðʌ nɛkst meɪdʒɜ˞ stɛp ɪn ðʌ ɛvʌluʃʌn ʌv ðʌ kɑmʌn lɔ keɪm wɛn kɪŋ dʒɑn wɑz fɔɹst baɪ hɪz bæɹʌnz tu saɪn ʌ dɑkjʌmɛnt lɪmʌtɪŋ hɪz ʌθɔɹʌti tu pæs lɔz.

moderate ambient sound

very confined sounding

very monotone

'The speech sample has a moderate ambient sound with some background noise and a very monotone tone.'

jenny/11029

A concentrated and elite group of judges acquired a dominant role in law-making under this system, and compared to its European counterparts the English judiciary became highly centralised.

a concentrated and elite group of judges acquired a dominant role in law making under this system, and compared to its european counterparts the english judiciary became highly centralised.

moderate speed

ʌ kɑnsʌntɹeɪtɪd ʌnd ɪlit ɡɹup ʌv dʒʌdʒɪz ʌkwaɪɜ˞d ʌ dɑmʌnʌnt ɹoʊl ɪn lɔ-meɪkɪŋ ʌndɜ˞ ðɪs sɪstʌm, ʌnd kʌmpɛɹd tu ɪts jʊɹʌpiʌn kaʊntɜ˞pɑɹts ðʌ ɪŋɡlɪʃ dʒudɪʃiɛɹi bɪkeɪm haɪli .

moderate ambient sound

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's voice is moderately quiet and monotone, with a slight hint of background noise.'

jenny/1102

Still, gives 'em the right idea, eh?'.

still, gives 'em the right idea, eh?'.

slightly fast

stɪl, ɡɪvz 'ɛm ðʌ ɹaɪt aɪdiʌ, ɛ?'.

very clear

very confined sounding

slightly monotone

'Jenny speaks with a slightly monotone tone, but the recording is clear and of good quality.'

jenny/11031

This powerful and tight-knit judiciary gave rise to a systematised process of developing common law.

this powerful and tight knit judiciary gave rise to a systematised process of developing common law.

moderate speed

ðɪs paʊɜ˞fʌl ʌnd taɪt-nɪt dʒudɪʃiɛɹi ɡeɪv ɹaɪz tu ʌ pɹɑsɛs ʌv dɪvɛlʌpɪŋ kɑmʌn lɔ.

quite noisy

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny speaks in a monotone voice with moderate speed and some background noise, making it difficult to understand her words.'

jenny/11032

From the time of Sir Thomas More, the first lawyer to be appointed as Lord Chancellor, a systematic body of equity grew up alongside the rigid common law, and developed its own Court of Chancery.

from the time of sir thomas more, the first lawyer to be appointed as lord chancellor, a systematic body of equity grew up alongside the rigid common law, and developed its own court of chancery.

slightly fast

fɹʌm ðʌ taɪm ʌv sɜ˞ tɑmʌs mɔɹ, ðʌ fɜ˞st lɔjɜ˞ tu bi ʌpɔɪntɪd æz lɔɹd tʃænsʌlɜ˞, ʌ sɪstʌmætɪk bɑdi ʌv ɛkwʌti ɡɹu ʌp ʌlɔŋsaɪd ðʌ ɹɪdʒʌd kɑmʌn lɔ, ʌnd dɪvɛlʌpt ɪts oʊn kɔɹt ʌv tʃænsɜ˞i.

moderate ambient sound

very confined sounding

very monotone

'Jenny's voice is very monotone, speaking at a moderate pace with occasional slight pauses and hesitations.'

jenny/11033

At first, equity was often criticised as erratic, that it varied according to the length of the Chancellor's foot.

at first, equity was often criticised as erratic, that it varied according to the length of the chancellor's foot.

moderate speed

æt fɜ˞st, ɛkwʌti wɑz ɔfʌn æz ɪɹætɪk, ðæt ɪt vɛɹid ʌkɔɹdɪŋ tu ðʌ lɛŋkθ ʌv ðʌ tʃænsʌlɜ˞'ɛs fʊt.

slightly noisy

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny speaks with a moderate pace and tone, with some background noise and a hint of monotony.'

jenny/11034

Over time, courts of equity developed solid principles, especially under Lord Eldon.

over time, courts of equity developed solid principles, especially under lord eldon.

moderate speed

oʊvɜ˞ taɪm, kɔɹts ʌv ɛkwʌti dɪvɛlʌpt sɑlʌd pɹɪnsʌpʌlz, ʌspɛʃli ʌndɜ˞ lɔɹd ɪldɑn.

slightly clear

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's speech has a moderate pace but can be heard clearly, with some background noise and a slightly monotone tone.'.

jenny/11036

In developing the common law, academic writings have always played an important part, both to collect overarching principles from dispersed case law, and to argue for change.

in developing the common law, academic writings have always played an important part, both to collect overarching principles from dispersed case law, and to argue for change.

slightly fast

ɪn dɪvɛlʌpɪŋ ðʌ kɑmʌn lɔ, ækʌdɛmɪk ɹaɪtɪŋz hæv ɔlweɪz pleɪd æn ɪmpɔɹtʌnt pɑɹt, boʊθ tu kʌlɛkt oʊvɜ˞ɑɹtʃɪŋ pɹɪnsʌpʌlz fɹʌm dɪspɜ˞st keɪs lɔ, ʌnd tu ɑɹɡju fɔɹ tʃeɪndʒ.

slightly clear

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's speech is very clear, but there is some background noise that makes it sound a bit dull.'

jenny/11038

But merely in describing, scholars who sought explanations and underlying structures slowly changed the way the law actually worked.

but merely in describing, scholars who sought explanations and underlying structures slowly changed the way the law actually worked.

slightly fast

bʌt mɪɹli ɪn dɪskɹaɪbɪŋ, skɑlɜ˞z hu sɔt ɛksplʌneɪʃʌnz ʌnd ʌndɜ˞laɪɪŋ stɹʌktʃɜ˞z sloʊli tʃeɪndʒd ðʌ weɪ ðʌ lɔ æktʃuʌli wɜ˞kt.

moderate ambient sound

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Very confined sounding, but with a moderate ambient sound and slightly fast tempo.'

jenny/11039

Religious law is explicitly based on religious precepts.

religious law is explicitly based on religious precepts.

slightly fast

ɹɪlɪdʒʌs lɔ ɪz ɪksplɪsʌtli beɪst ɑn ɹɪlɪdʒʌs pɹisɛpts.

very clear

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's speech sounds very clear, but it's very confined in the recording.'.

jenny/1103

At this moment the telescreen let out a piercing whistle.

at this moment the telescreen let out a piercing whistle.

slightly fast

æt ðɪs moʊmʌnt ðʌ lɛt aʊt ʌ pɪɹsɪŋ wɪsʌl.

very clear

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's speech is very clear and monotone, with no discernible pace or inflection, recorded in a very clear and spacious room.'

jenny/11040

Often the implication of religion for law is unalterability, because the word of God cannot be amended or legislated against by judges or governments.

often the implication of religion for law is unalterability, because the word of god cannot be amended or legislated against by judges or governments.

moderate speed

ɔfʌn ðʌ ɪmplʌkeɪʃʌn ʌv ɹɪlɪdʒʌn fɔɹ lɔ ɪz , bɪkɔz ðʌ wɜ˞d ʌv ɡɑd kænɑt bi ʌmɛndɪd ɔɹ lɛdʒʌsleɪtʌd ʌɡɛnst baɪ dʒʌdʒɪz ɔɹ ɡʌvɜ˞mʌnts.

moderate ambient sound

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's speech is moderately clear but has a slight monotone quality with occasional pauses in between words.'.

jenny/11041

However, a thorough and detailed legal system generally requires human elaboration.

however, a thorough and detailed legal system generally requires human elaboration.

moderate speed

haʊɛvɜ˞, ʌ θɜ˞oʊ ʌnd dɪteɪld liɡʌl sɪstʌm dʒɛnɜ˞ʌli ɹikwaɪɜ˞z hjumʌn ɪlæbɜ˞eɪʃʌn.

slightly noisy

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny speaks with a consistent, neutral tone, with a moderate pace.'

jenny/11042

For instance, the Quran has some law, and it acts as a source of further law through interpretation, Qiyas , Ijma and precedent.

for instance, the quran has some law, and it acts as a source of further law through interpretation, qiyas , ijma and precedent.

slightly slowly

fɔɹ ɪnstʌns, ðʌ hæz sʌm lɔ, ʌnd ɪt ækts æz ʌ sɔɹs ʌv fɜ˞ðɜ˞ lɔ θɹu ɪntɜ˞pɹɪteɪʃʌn, , ʌnd pɹɛsɪdʌnt.

slightly clear

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's speech is very clear but has a slight monotone delivery that's not very expressive.'

jenny/11043

This is mainly contained in a body of law and jurisprudence known as Sharia and Fiqh respectively.

this is mainly contained in a body of law and jurisprudence known as sharia and fiqh respectively.

moderate speed

ðɪs ɪz meɪnli kʌnteɪnd ɪn ʌ bɑdi ʌv lɔ ʌnd dʒʊɹʌspɹudʌns noʊn æz ʃɑɹiʌ ʌnd ɹɪspɛktɪvli.

moderate ambient sound

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'The speech is recorded in a room with moderate ambient noise, and the speaker's voice is quite monotone.'

jenny/11044

Another example is the Torah or Old Testament, in the Pentateuch or Five Books of Moses.

another example is the torah or old testament, in the pentateuch or five books of moses.

moderate speed

ʌnʌðɜ˞ ɪɡzæmpʌl ɪz ðʌ tɔɹʌ ɔɹ oʊld tɛstʌmʌnt, ɪn ðʌ ɔɹ faɪv bʊks ʌv moʊzʌs.

slightly noisy

very confined sounding

slightly monotone

'Jenny's speech is quite clear but has a slight background noise and a slightly monotonous tone.'

jenny/11045

This contains the basic code of Jewish law, which some Israeli communities choose to use.

this contains the basic code of jewish law, which some israeli communities choose to use.

slightly fast

ðɪs kʌnteɪnz ðʌ beɪsɪk koʊd ʌv dʒuɪʃ lɔ, wɪtʃ sʌm ɪzɹeɪli kʌmjunʌtiz tʃuz tu jus.

very clear

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny speaks with a very clear and consistent tone, but it's quite monotone. There's very little background noise and the recording quality is excellent.'

jenny/11046

The Halakha is a code of Jewish law that summarizes some of the Talmud's interpretations.

the halakha is a code of jewish law that summarizes some of the talmud's interpretations.

moderate speed

ðʌ ɪz ʌ koʊd ʌv dʒuɪʃ lɔ ðæt sʌmɜ˞aɪzɪz sʌm ʌv ðʌ tælmʌd'ɛs ɪntɜ˞pɹɪteɪʃʌnz.

slightly clear

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny speaks with a moderate tone, quite clear and concise.'.

jenny/11047

Nevertheless, Israeli law allows litigants to use religious laws only if they choose.

nevertheless, israeli law allows litigants to use religious laws only if they choose.

moderate speed

nɛvɜ˞ðʌlɛs, ɪzɹeɪli lɔ ʌlaʊz lɪtɪɡʌnts tu jus ɹɪlɪdʒʌs lɔz oʊnli ɪf ðeɪ tʃuz.

slightly noisy

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'The speech is very clear, but there is some background noise and the delivery is quite monotone.'

jenny/11048

Canon law is only in use by members of the Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Anglican Communion.

canon law is only in use by members of the catholic church, the eastern orthodox church and the anglican communion.

slightly fast

kænʌn lɔ ɪz oʊnli ɪn jus baɪ mɛmbɜ˞z ʌv ðʌ kæθlɪk tʃɜ˞tʃ, ðʌ istɜ˞n ɔɹθʌdɑks tʃɜ˞tʃ ʌnd ðʌ æŋɡlʌkʌn kʌmjunjʌn.

quite noisy

very confined sounding

moderate intonation

'Jenny's speech is quite noisy, but her tone is moderate and she uses a slightly fast pace.'

jenny/11049

Canon law is a set of ordinances and regulations made by ecclesiastical authority , for the government of a Christian organisation or church and its members.

canon law is a set of ordinances and regulations made by ecclesiastical authority , for the government of a christian organisation or church and its members.

moderate speed

kænʌn lɔ ɪz ʌ sɛt ʌv ɔɹdʌnʌnsɪz ʌnd ɹɛɡjʌleɪʃʌnz meɪd baɪ ɪkliziæstɪkʌl ʌθɔɹʌti , fɔɹ ðʌ ɡʌvɜ˞mʌnt ʌv ʌ kɹɪstʃʌn ɔɹɡʌnɪzeɪʃʌn ɔɹ tʃɜ˞tʃ ʌnd ɪts mɛmbɜ˞z.

slightly noisy

very confined sounding

very monotone

'Jenny speaks with a moderate pace and a slightly monotonous tone, with occasional background noise'.

jenny/1104

It was the signal to return to work.

it was the signal to return to work.

quite fast

ɪt wɑz ðʌ sɪɡnʌl tu ɹɪtɜ˞n tu wɜ˞k.

quite clear

very confined sounding

slightly monotone

'Jenny speaks clearly and with moderate tone of voice, but there's a hint of background noise that makes it sound slightly muffled.'

jenny/11050

It is the internal ecclesiastical law governing the Catholic Church , the Eastern Orthodox and Oriental Orthodox churches, and the individual national churches within the Anglican Communion.

it is the internal ecclesiastical law governing the catholic church , the eastern orthodox and oriental orthodox churches, and the individual national churches within the anglican communion.

slightly fast

ɪt ɪz ðʌ ɪntɜ˞nʌl ɪkliziæstɪkʌl lɔ ɡʌvɜ˞nɪŋ ðʌ kæθlɪk tʃɜ˞tʃ , ðʌ istɜ˞n ɔɹθʌdɑks ʌnd ɔɹiɛntʌl ɔɹθʌdɑks tʃɜ˞tʃɪz, ʌnd ðʌ ɪndʌvɪdʒʌwʌl næʃʌnʌl tʃɜ˞tʃɪz wɪðɪn ðʌ æŋɡlʌkʌn kʌmjunjʌn.

moderate ambient sound

very confined sounding

very monotone

'This recording is of poor quality with a lot of background noise and a monotonous tone.'.

jenny/11051

The way that such church law is legislated, interpreted and at times adjudicated varies widely among these three bodies of churches.

the way that such church law is legislated, interpreted and at times adjudicated varies widely among these three bodies of churches.

slightly fast

ðʌ weɪ ðæt sʌtʃ tʃɜ˞tʃ lɔ ɪz lɛdʒʌsleɪtʌd, ɪntɜ˞pɹʌtʌd ʌnd æt taɪmz ʌdʒudʌkeɪtɪd vɛɹiz waɪdli ʌmʌŋ ðiz θɹi bɑdiz ʌv tʃɜ˞tʃɪz.

slightly noisy

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's voice is quite monotone, and there's a bit of background noise, but it's not very noisy or confined.'

jenny/11052

In all three traditions, a canon was originally a rule adopted by a church council; these canons formed the foundation of canon law.

in all three traditions, a canon was originally a rule adopted by a church council, these canons formed the foundation of canon law.

moderate speed

ɪn ɔl θɹi tɹʌdɪʃʌnz, ʌ kænʌn wɑz ɜ˞ɪdʒʌnʌli ʌ ɹul ʌdɑptɪd baɪ ʌ tʃɜ˞tʃ kaʊnsʌl; ðiz kænʌnz fɔɹmd ðʌ faʊndeɪʃʌn ʌv kænʌn lɔ.

slightly noisy

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'The speech sample is clear and recorded well, but it's quite monotone and slightly noisy.'

jenny/11053

The Catholic Church has the oldest continuously functioning legal system in the western world, predating the evolution of modern European civil law and common law systems.

the catholic church has the oldest continuously functioning legal system in the western world, predating the evolution of modern european civil law and common law systems.

moderate speed

ðʌ kæθlɪk tʃɜ˞tʃ hæz ðʌ oʊldʌst kʌntɪnjuʌsli fʌŋkʃʌnɪŋ liɡʌl sɪstʌm ɪn ðʌ wɛstɜ˞n wɜ˞ld, ðʌ ɛvʌluʃʌn ʌv mɑdɜ˞n jʊɹʌpiʌn sɪvʌl lɔ ʌnd kɑmʌn lɔ sɪstʌmz.

moderate ambient sound

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's speech is quite monotone and slightly quiet, with moderate ambient sound'.

jenny/11055

The Eastern Catholic Churches, which developed different disciplines and practices, are governed by the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches.

the eastern catholic churches, which developed different disciplines and practices, are governed by the code of canons of the eastern churches.

slightly fast

ðʌ istɜ˞n kæθlɪk tʃɜ˞tʃɪz, wɪtʃ dɪvɛlʌpt dɪfɜ˞ʌnt dɪsʌplʌnz ʌnd pɹæktʌsʌz, ɑɹ ɡʌvɜ˞nd baɪ ðʌ koʊd ʌv kænʌnz ʌv ðʌ istɜ˞n tʃɜ˞tʃɪz.

moderate ambient sound

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'The speech sample is very good, but there is some background noise that slightly masks the speaker's voice.'

jenny/11056

The canon law of the Catholic Church influenced the common law during the medieval period through its preservation of Roman law doctrine such as the presumption of innocence.

the canon law of the catholic church influenced the common law during the medieval period through its preservation of roman law doctrine such as the presumption of innocence.

moderate speed

ðʌ kænʌn lɔ ʌv ðʌ kæθlɪk tʃɜ˞tʃ ɪnfluʌnst ðʌ kɑmʌn lɔ dʊɹɪŋ ðʌ mɪdivʌl pɪɹiʌd θɹu ɪts pɹɛzɜ˞veɪʃʌn ʌv ɹoʊmʌn lɔ dɑktɹʌn sʌtʃ æz ðʌ pɹɪzʌmpʃʌn ʌv ɪnʌsʌns.

moderate ambient sound

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'This recording is of poor quality, with a lot of background noise and a very monotone tone.'.

jenny/11059

In modern times, the legal systems of many Muslim countries draw upon both civil and common law traditions as well as Islamic law and custom.

in modern times, the legal systems of many muslim countries draw upon both civil and common law traditions as well as islamic law and custom.

moderate speed

ɪn mɑdɜ˞n taɪmz, ðʌ liɡʌl sɪstʌmz ʌv mɛni mʌzlʌm kʌntɹiz dɹɔ ʌpɑn boʊθ sɪvʌl ʌnd kɑmʌn lɔ tɹʌdɪʃʌnz æz wɛl æz ɪzlɑmɪk lɔ ʌnd kʌstʌm.

slightly noisy

very confined sounding

very monotone

'Jenny's speech is very quiet and monotone, with some background noise and a very confined sound recording'.

jenny/1105

All three men sprang to their feet to join in the struggle round the lifts, and the remaining tobacco fell out of Winston's cigarette.

all three men sprang to their feet to join in the struggle round the lifts, and the remaining tobacco fell out of winston's cigarette.

quite fast

ɔl θɹi mɛn spɹæŋ tu ðɛɹ fit tu dʒɔɪn ɪn ðʌ stɹʌɡʌl ɹaʊnd ðʌ lɪfts, ʌnd ðʌ ɹɪmeɪnɪŋ tʌbækoʊ fɛl aʊt ʌv wɪnstʌn'ɛs sɪɡɜ˞ɛt.

slightly noisy

very confined sounding

slightly monotone

'Jenny speaks at a moderate pace with a slightly noisy and monotone tone in a confined space.'

jenny/11060

The constitutions of certain Muslim states, such as Egypt and Afghanistan, recognise Islam as the religion of the state, obliging legislature to adhere to Sharia.

the constitutions of certain muslim states, such as egypt and afghanistan, recognise islam as the religion of the state, obliging legislature to adhere to sharia.

moderate speed

ðʌ kɑnstɪtuʃʌnz ʌv sɜ˞tʌn mʌzlʌm steɪts, sʌtʃ æz idʒʌpt ʌnd æfɡænʌstæn, ɹɛkʌɡnaɪz ɪslɑm æz ðʌ ɹɪlɪdʒʌn ʌv ðʌ steɪt, ʌblaɪdʒɪŋ lɛdʒʌsleɪtʃɜ˞ tu ʌdhɪɹ tu ʃɑɹiʌ.

slightly noisy

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'The speech sample is very clear but has some background noise and a slightly monotonous tone.'

jenny/11061

Saudi Arabia recognises Quran as its constitution, and is governed on the basis of Islamic law.

saudi arabia recognises quran as its constitution, and is governed on the basis of islamic law.

moderate speed

sɔdi ʌɹeɪbiʌ ɹɛkʌɡnaɪzɪz æz ɪts kɑnstʌtuʃʌn, ʌnd ɪz ɡʌvɜ˞nd ɑn ðʌ beɪsʌs ʌv ɪzlɑmɪk lɔ.

very noisy

very confined sounding

quite monotone

"The speech sample is very noisy and has a very confined sound, but the tone is quite monotone."

jenny/11063

There are distinguished methods of legal reasoning and methods of interpreting the law.

there are distinguished methods of legal reasoning and methods of interpreting the law.

slightly fast

ðɛɹ ɑɹ dɪstɪŋɡwɪʃt mɛθʌdz ʌv liɡʌl ɹizʌnɪŋ ʌnd mɛθʌdz ʌv ɪntɜ˞pɹɛtɪŋ ðʌ lɔ.

quite clear

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny speaks clearly but with a slight monotone delivery.'

jenny/11064

There are also many other arguments and cannons of interpretation which altogether make statutory interpretation possible.

there are also many other arguments and cannons of interpretation which altogether make statutory interpretation possible.

slightly fast

ðɛɹ ɑɹ ɔlsoʊ mɛni ʌðɜ˞ ɑɹɡjʌmʌnts ʌnd kænʌnz ʌv ɪntɜ˞pɹɪteɪʃʌn wɪtʃ ɔltʌɡɛðɜ˞ meɪk stætʃʌtɔɹi ɪntɜ˞pɹɪteɪʃʌn pɑsʌbʌl.

moderate ambient sound

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'The speech is very clear but has a moderate ambient sound with a slight monotone delivery.'

jenny/11065

Jurimetrics is the formal application of quantitative methods, especially probability and statistics, to legal questions.

jurimetrics is the formal application of quantitative methods, especially probability and statistics, to legal questions.

moderate speed

ɪz ðʌ fɔɹmʌl æplʌkeɪʃʌn ʌv kwɑntɪteɪtɪv mɛθʌdz, ʌspɛʃli pɹɑbʌbɪlʌti ʌnd stʌtɪstɪks, tu liɡʌl kwɛstʃʌnz.

moderate ambient sound

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'The speech sample is clear and recorded well, but it's somewhat muffled due to the moderate ambient sound and the monotone delivery.'

jenny/11066

The use of statistical methods in court cases and law review articles has grown massively in importance in the last few decades.

the use of statistical methods in court cases and law review articles has grown massively in importance in the last few decades.

moderate speed

ðʌ jus ʌv stʌtɪstɪkʌl mɛθʌdz ɪn kɔɹt keɪsʌz ʌnd lɔ ɹivju ɑɹtʌkʌlz hæz ɡɹoʊn mæsɪvli ɪn ɪmpɔɹtʌns ɪn ðʌ læst fju dɛkeɪdz.

slightly noisy

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's voice is quite monotone, with a very slight background noise.'

jenny/11067

LEGAL INSTITUTIONS

legal institutions

moderate speed

liɡʌl ɪnstɪtuʃʌnz

very clear

quite confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny speaks with a moderate pace and tone, but the recording is quite clear with minimal background noise.'

jenny/11068

Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan, XVII

thomas hobbes, leviathan, xvii

quite slowly

tɑmʌs hɑbiz, lʌvaɪʌθʌn,

quite clear

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's speech is clear but slightly monotonous, delivered with a quiet and steady pace'.

jenny/11069

John Locke, in his Two Treatises of Government, and Baron de Montesquieu in The Spirit of the Laws, advocated for a separation of powers between the political, legislature and executive bodies.

john locke, in his two treatises of government, and baron de montesquieu in the spirit of the laws, advocated for a separation of powers between the political, legislature and executive bodies.

moderate speed

dʒɑn lɑk, ɪn hɪz tu tɹitʌsʌz ʌv ɡʌvɜ˞mʌnt, ʌnd bæɹʌn di ɪn ðʌ spɪɹʌt ʌv ðʌ lɔz, ædvʌkeɪtɪd fɔɹ ʌ sɛpɜ˞eɪʃʌn ʌv paʊɜ˞z bɪtwin ðʌ pʌlɪtʌkʌl, lɛdʒʌsleɪtʃɜ˞ ʌnd ɪɡzɛkjʌtɪv bɑdiz.

moderate ambient sound

very confined sounding

very monotone

'The speech is delivered in a moderate tone with some background noise, but it is very confined in the sound quality.'.

jenny/1106

Winston was writing in his diary:.

winston was writing in his diary,.

very fast

wɪnstʌn wɑz ɹaɪtɪŋ ɪn hɪz daɪɜ˞i:.

quite clear

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's speech is very clear and concise, with minimal background noise'.

jenny/11070

Their principle was that no person should be able to usurp all powers of the state, in contrast to the absolutist theory of Thomas Hobbes' Leviathan.

their principle was that no person should be able to usurp all powers of the state, in contrast to the absolutist theory of thomas hobbes' leviathan.

slightly fast

ðɛɹ pɹɪnsʌpʌl wɑz ðæt noʊ pɜ˞sʌn ʃʊd bi eɪbʌl tu jusɜ˞p ɔl paʊɜ˞z ʌv ðʌ steɪt, ɪn kɑntɹæst tu ðʌ æbsʌlutɪst θɪɹi ʌv tɑmʌs hɑbiz' lʌvaɪʌθʌn.

very noisy

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny speaks with a very quiet, monotone tone, with some background noise and fast pacing.'

jenny/11071

Max Weber and others reshaped thinking on the extension of state.

max weber and others reshaped thinking on the extension of state.

slightly fast

mæks wɛbɜ˞ ʌnd ʌðɜ˞z ɹiʃeɪpt θɪŋkɪŋ ɑn ðʌ ɪkstɛnʃʌn ʌv steɪt.

quite clear

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's speech is clear and concise, but there's a bit of background noise that makes it sound a bit unclear at times.'

jenny/11072

Modern military, policing and bureaucratic power over ordinary citizens' daily lives pose special problems for accountability that earlier writers such as Locke or Montesquieu could not have foreseen.

modern military, policing and bureaucratic power over ordinary citizens' daily lives pose special problems for accountability that earlier writers such as locke or montesquieu could not have foreseen.

moderate speed

mɑdɜ˞n mɪlʌtɛɹi, pʌlisɪŋ ʌnd bjʊɹʌkɹætɪk paʊɜ˞ oʊvɜ˞ ɔɹdʌnɛɹi sɪtʌzʌnz' deɪli lɪvz poʊz spɛʃʌl pɹɑblʌmz fɔɹ ʌkaʊntʌbɪlɪti ðæt ɜ˞liɜ˞ ɹaɪtɜ˞z sʌtʃ æz lɑk ɔɹ kʊd nɑt hæv fɔɹsin.

slightly noisy

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's voice is quite monotone and slightly noisy, with moderate speed of delivery.'

jenny/11073

A judiciary is a number of judges mediating disputes to determine outcome.

a judiciary is a number of judges mediating disputes to determine outcome.

slightly fast

ʌ dʒudɪʃiɛɹi ɪz ʌ nʌmbɜ˞ ʌv dʒʌdʒɪz midieɪtɪŋ dɪspjuts tu dʌtɜ˞mʌn aʊtkʌm.

very clear

very confined sounding

very monotone

'Jenny speaks with a very clear and monotone tone, lacking any noticeable expression or variation in pace.'

jenny/11074

Most countries have systems of appeal courts, with an apex court as the ultimate judicial authority.

most countries have systems of appeal courts, with an apex court as the ultimate judicial authority.

slightly fast

moʊst kʌntɹiz hæv sɪstʌmz ʌv ʌpil kɔɹts, wɪð æn eɪpɛks kɔɹt æz ðʌ ʌltʌmʌt dʒudɪʃʌl ʌθɔɹʌti.

moderate ambient sound

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'The speech is delivered in a moderate ambient sound with some background noise, but Jenny's voice is very monotone.'

jenny/11075

In the United States, this authority is the Supreme Court; in Australia, the High Court; in the UK, the Supreme Court; in Germany, the Bundesverfassungsgericht; and in France, the Cour de Cassation.

in the united states, this authority is the supreme court, in australia, the high court, in the uk, the supreme court, in germany, the bundesverfassungsgericht, and in france, the cour de cassation.

slightly slowly

ɪn ðʌ junaɪtɪd steɪts, ðɪs ʌθɔɹʌti ɪz ðʌ sʌpɹim kɔɹt; ɪn ɔstɹeɪljʌ, ðʌ haɪ kɔɹt; ɪn ðʌ jukeɪ, ðʌ sʌpɹim kɔɹt; ɪn dʒɜ˞mʌni, ðʌ ; ʌnd ɪn fɹæns, ðʌ kʊɹ di .

moderate ambient sound

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's speech has a moderate level of ambient sound with some slight monotone delivery.'

jenny/11076

For most European countries the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg can overrule national law, when EU law is relevant.

for most european countries the european court of justice in luxembourg can overrule national law, when eu law is relevant.

moderate speed

fɔɹ moʊst jʊɹʌpiʌn kʌntɹiz ðʌ jʊɹʌpiʌn kɔɹt ʌv dʒʌstʌs ɪn lʌksʌmbɔɹɡ kæn oʊvɜ˞ɹul næʃʌnʌl lɔ, wɛn iju lɔ ɪz ɹɛlʌvʌnt.

slightly noisy

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's speech is quite monotone and slightly noisy, with moderate speed delivery.'

jenny/11077

The European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg allows citizens of the Council of Europe member states to bring cases relating to human rights issues before it.

the european court of human rights in strasbourg allows citizens of the council of europe member states to bring cases relating to human rights issues before it.

slightly fast

ðʌ jʊɹʌpiʌn kɔɹt ʌv hjumʌn ɹaɪts ɪn stɹæsbɔɹɡ ʌlaʊz sɪtʌzʌnz ʌv ðʌ kaʊnsʌl ʌv jʊɹʌp mɛmbɜ˞ steɪts tu bɹɪŋ keɪsʌz ɹɪleɪtɪŋ tu hjumʌn ɹaɪts ɪʃuz bɪfɔɹ ɪt.

slightly noisy

very confined sounding

very monotone

'Jenny's voice is very monotone and slightly noisy, delivered at a moderate pace.'

jenny/11078

Some countries allow their highest judicial authority to overrule legislation they determine to be unconstitutional.

some countries allow their highest judicial authority to overrule legislation they determine to be unconstitutional.

slightly fast

sʌm kʌntɹiz ʌlaʊ ðɛɹ haɪʌst dʒudɪʃʌl ʌθɔɹʌti tu oʊvɜ˞ɹul lɛdʒʌsleɪʃʌn ðeɪ dʌtɜ˞mʌn tu bi ʌnkɑnstʌtuʃʌnʌl.

moderate ambient sound

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's voice is moderately clear but slightly monotone, delivered at a moderate pace.'

jenny/11079

A judiciary is theoretically bound by the constitution, just as all other government bodies are.

a judiciary is theoretically bound by the constitution, just as all other government bodies are.

slightly fast

ʌ dʒudɪʃiɛɹi ɪz θiɜ˞ɛtɪkʌli baʊnd baɪ ðʌ kɑnstʌtuʃʌn, dʒʌst æz ɔl ʌðɜ˞ ɡʌvɜ˞mʌnt bɑdiz ɑɹ.

slightly clear

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'The speech sample is very clear, but recorded with a slightly muffled sound due to a bit of background noise.'

jenny/1107

It was three years ago.

it was three years ago.

slightly fast

ɪt wɑz θɹi jɪɹz ʌɡoʊ.

quite clear

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's speech is very clear, but the recording is quite confined, making it difficult to hear the details.'

jenny/11080

In most countries judges may only interpret the constitution and all other laws.

in most countries judges may only interpret the constitution and all other laws.

slightly fast

ɪn moʊst kʌntɹiz dʒʌdʒɪz meɪ oʊnli ɪntɜ˞pɹʌt ðʌ kɑnstʌtuʃʌn ʌnd ɔl ʌðɜ˞ lɔz.

very clear

very confined sounding

very monotone

'Jenny's speech is very clear and monotone, with very little background noise.'

jenny/11081

But in common law countries, where matters are not constitutional, the judiciary may also create law under the doctrine of precedent.

but in common law countries, where matters are not constitutional, the judiciary may also create law under the doctrine of precedent.

moderate speed

bʌt ɪn kɑmʌn lɔ kʌntɹiz, wɛɹ mætɜ˞z ɑɹ nɑt kɑnstʌtuʃʌnʌl, ðʌ dʒudɪʃiɛɹi meɪ ɔlsoʊ kɹieɪt lɔ ʌndɜ˞ ðʌ dɑktɹʌn ʌv pɹɛsɪdʌnt.

quite clear

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'The speech sample is clear and recorded well, with minimal background noise and a consistent pace.'

jenny/11082

The UK, Finland and New Zealand assert the ideal of parliamentary sovereignty, whereby the unelected judiciary may not overturn law passed by a democratic legislature.

the uk, finland and new zealand assert the ideal of parliamentary sovereignty, whereby the unelected judiciary may not overturn law passed by a democratic legislature.

moderate speed

ðʌ jukeɪ, fɪnlænd ʌnd nu zilʌnd ʌsɜ˞t ðʌ aɪdil ʌv pɑɹlʌmɛntɜ˞i sɑvɹʌnti, wɛɹbaɪ ðʌ ʌnɪlɛktɪd dʒudɪʃiɛɹi meɪ nɑt oʊvɜ˞tɜ˞n lɔ pæst baɪ ʌ dɛmʌkɹætɪk lɛdʒʌsleɪtʃɜ˞.

slightly noisy

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'The speech is delivered in a very monotone tone with minimal variation in pace or tone'.

jenny/11083

By the principle of representative government people vote for politicians to carry out their wishes.

by the principle of representative government people vote for politicians to carry out their wishes.

slightly fast

baɪ ðʌ pɹɪnsʌpʌl ʌv ɹɛpɹʌzɛntʌtɪv ɡʌvɜ˞mʌnt pipʌl voʊt fɔɹ pɑlʌtɪʃʌnz tu kæɹi aʊt ðɛɹ wɪʃɪz.

quite clear

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny speaks with a very clear and steady tone, but the recording is quite clear and there's very little background noise.'.

jenny/11084

Although countries like Israel, Greece, Sweden and China are unicameral, most countries are bicameral, meaning they have two separately appointed legislative houses.

although countries like israel, greece, sweden and china are unicameral, most countries are bicameral, meaning they have two separately appointed legislative houses.

moderate speed

ɔlðoʊ kʌntɹiz laɪk ɪzɹiʌl, ɡɹis, swidʌn ʌnd tʃaɪnʌ ɑɹ , moʊst kʌntɹiz ɑɹ , minɪŋ ðeɪ hæv tu sɛpɜ˞ʌtli ʌpɔɪntɪd lɛdʒʌsleɪtɪv haʊsʌz.

quite clear

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's speech is clear and well-recorded, with moderate speed and tone.'

jenny/11085

In the 'lower house' politicians are elected to represent smaller constituencies.

in the 'lower house' politicians are elected to represent smaller constituencies.

slightly fast

ɪn ðʌ 'loʊɜ˞ haʊs' pɑlʌtɪʃʌnz ɑɹ ɪlɛktʌd tu ɹɛpɹɪzɛnt smɔlɜ˞ kʌnstɪtʃuʌnsiz.

slightly clear

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'The speech is very clear, but there's a slight hint of background noise and a moderate level of monotone delivery.'.

jenny/11086

The 'upper house' is usually elected to represent states in a federal system or different voting configuration in a unitary system .

the 'upper house' is usually elected to represent states in a federal system or different voting configuration in a unitary system .

slightly fast

ðʌ 'ʌpɜ˞ haʊs' ɪz juʒʌwʌli ɪlɛktʌd tu ɹɛpɹɪzɛnt steɪts ɪn ʌ fɛdɜ˞ʌl sɪstʌm ɔɹ dɪfɜ˞ʌnt voʊtɪŋ kʌnfɪɡjɜ˞eɪʃʌn ɪn ʌ junɪtɛɹi sɪstʌm .

slightly noisy

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's speech is very clear but slightly noisy, with a moderate tone that is slightly monotone and delivered at a moderate pace.'

jenny/11087

In the UK the upper house is appointed by the government as a house of review.

in the uk the upper house is appointed by the government as a house of review.

slightly fast

ɪn ðʌ jukeɪ ðʌ ʌpɜ˞ haʊs ɪz ʌpɔɪntɪd baɪ ðʌ ɡʌvɜ˞mʌnt æz ʌ haʊs ʌv ɹivju.

quite clear

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's speech is very clear and free of noise, but it is delivered with a slight monotone and at a moderate pace.'

jenny/11088

One criticism of bicameral systems with two elected chambers is that the upper and lower houses may simply mirror one another.

one criticism of bicameral systems with two elected chambers is that the upper and lower houses may simply mirror one another.

moderate speed

wʌn kɹɪtɪsɪzʌm ʌv sɪstʌmz wɪð tu ɪlɛktʌd tʃeɪmbɜ˞z ɪz ðæt ðʌ ʌpɜ˞ ʌnd loʊɜ˞ haʊsʌz meɪ sɪmpli mɪɹɜ˞ wʌn ʌnʌðɜ˞.

moderate ambient sound

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'The speech sample has a moderate ambient sound with some background noise, delivered in a monotone tone.'

jenny/11089

The traditional justification of bicameralism is that an upper chamber acts as a house of review.

the traditional justification of bicameralism is that an upper chamber acts as a house of review.

moderate speed

ðʌ tɹʌdɪʃʌnʌl dʒʌstʌfʌkeɪʃʌn ʌv ɪz ðæt æn ʌpɜ˞ tʃeɪmbɜ˞ ækts æz ʌ haʊs ʌv ɹivju.

slightly noisy

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's speech is very clear, but there is a slight amount of background noise and a slightly monotone tone.'

jenny/1108

It was on a dark evening, in a narrow side-street near one of the big railway stations.

it was on a dark evening, in a narrow side street near one of the big railway stations.

quite fast

ɪt wɑz ɑn ʌ dɑɹk ivnɪŋ, ɪn ʌ nɛɹoʊ saɪd-stɹit nɪɹ wʌn ʌv ðʌ bɪɡ ɹeɪlweɪ steɪʃʌnz.

very clear

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's speech is very clear and concise, with a very monotone tone of voice.'

jenny/11090

This can minimise arbitrariness and injustice in governmental action.

this can minimise arbitrariness and injustice in governmental action.

moderate speed

ðɪs kæn ɑɹbʌtɹɛɹinʌs ʌnd ɪndʒʌstɪs ɪn ɡʌvɜ˞mɛntʌl ækʃʌn.

quite clear

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny speaks with a clear and moderate tone, but the recording is quite clear and there's no noticeable background noise'.

jenny/11091

To pass legislation, a majority of the members of a legislature must vote for a bill in each house.

to pass legislation, a majority of the members of a legislature must vote for a bill in each house.

slightly fast

tu pæs lɛdʒʌsleɪʃʌn, ʌ mʌdʒɔɹʌti ʌv ðʌ mɛmbɜ˞z ʌv ʌ lɛdʒʌsleɪtʃɜ˞ mʌst voʊt fɔɹ ʌ bɪl ɪn itʃ haʊs.

slightly clear

very confined sounding

very monotone

'Jenny speaks in a monotone voice with minimal expression, speaking very quickly but with a slight hesitation.'.

jenny/11092

Normally there will be several readings and amendments proposed by the different political factions.

normally there will be several readings and amendments proposed by the different political factions.

slightly fast

nɔɹmʌli ðɛɹ wɪl bi sɛvɹʌl ɹidɪŋz ʌnd ʌmɛndmʌnts pɹʌpoʊzd baɪ ðʌ dɪfɜ˞ʌnt pʌlɪtʌkʌl fækʃʌnz.

moderate ambient sound

very confined sounding

very monotone

'Speech is very quiet and monotone, with a bit of background noise and a slow pace.'.

jenny/11093

If a country has an entrenched constitution, a special majority for changes to the constitution may be required, making changes to the law more difficult.

if a country has an entrenched constitution, a special majority for changes to the constitution may be required, making changes to the law more difficult.

slightly fast

ɪf ʌ kʌntɹi hæz æn ɛntɹɛntʃt kɑnstʌtuʃʌn, ʌ spɛʃʌl mʌdʒɔɹʌti fɔɹ tʃeɪndʒʌz tu ðʌ kɑnstʌtuʃʌn meɪ bi ɹikwaɪɜ˞d, meɪkɪŋ tʃeɪndʒʌz tu ðʌ lɔ mɔɹ dɪfʌkʌlt.

slightly clear

very confined sounding

very monotone

'Jenny speaks in a monotone tone with minimal variation in pace and volume, sounding very confined in a quiet environment.'

jenny/11094

A government usually leads the process, which can be formed from Members of Parliament e.g.

a government usually leads the process, which can be formed from members of parliament e.g.

slightly fast

ʌ ɡʌvɜ˞mʌnt juʒʌwʌli lidz ðʌ pɹɑsɛs, wɪtʃ kæn bi fɔɹmd fɹʌm mɛmbɜ˞z ʌv pɑɹlʌmʌnt i.dʒi.

slightly clear

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny speaks with a moderate level of monotone, but her voice is clear and slightly elevated in the background.'

jenny/11095

the UK or Germany .

the uk or germany .

slightly fast

ðʌ jukeɪ ɔɹ dʒɜ˞mʌni .

very clear

very confined sounding

very monotone

'Jenny speaks with a very clear and consistent tone, but there's some background noise that makes it sound a bit monotone.'.

jenny/11096

However, in a presidential system, the government is usually formed by an executive and his or her appointed cabinet officials e.g.

however, in a presidential system, the government is usually formed by an executive and his or her appointed cabinet officials e.g.

slightly fast

haʊɛvɜ˞, ɪn ʌ pɹɛzʌdɛnʃʌl sɪstʌm, ðʌ ɡʌvɜ˞mʌnt ɪz juʒʌwʌli fɔɹmd baɪ æn ɪɡzɛkjʌtɪv ʌnd hɪz ɔɹ hɜ˞ ʌpɔɪntɪd kæbʌnʌt ʌfɪʃʌlz i.dʒi.

moderate ambient sound

very confined sounding

very monotone

'Jenny's speech is very monotone, with a moderate amount of background noise, speaking quite fast.'

jenny/11097

the United States or Brazil .

the united states or brazil .

slightly fast

ðʌ junaɪtɪd steɪts ɔɹ bɹʌzɪl .

very clear

very confined sounding

very monotone

'The speech sample has a very clear and high-quality recording, but is slightly confined in its sound space due to the lack of echo.'

jenny/11099

The executive in a legal system serves as the centre of political authority of the State.

the executive in a legal system serves as the centre of political authority of the state.

slightly fast

ðʌ ɪɡzɛkjʌtɪv ɪn ʌ liɡʌl sɪstʌm sɜ˞vz æz ðʌ sɛntɜ˞ ʌv pʌlɪtʌkʌl ʌθɔɹʌti ʌv ðʌ steɪt.

quite clear

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's speech is very clear, but there's a bit of background noise that makes it sound somewhat monotone.'

jenny/1109

She was standing near a doorway in the wall, under a street lamp that hardly gave any light.

she was standing near a doorway in the wall, under a street lamp that hardly gave any light.

quite fast

ʃi wɑz stændɪŋ nɪɹ ʌ dɔɹweɪ ɪn ðʌ wɔl, ʌndɜ˞ ʌ stɹit læmp ðæt hɑɹdli ɡeɪv ɛni laɪt.

slightly clear

very confined sounding

slightly monotone

'Jenny's speech is very clear, but there's a slight background noise that gets in the way sometimes.'

jenny/110

For the first time the magnitude of what he had undertaken came home to him.

for the first time the magnitude of what he had undertaken came home to him.

quite fast

fɔɹ ðʌ fɜ˞st taɪm ðʌ mæɡnʌtud ʌv wʌt hi hæd ʌndɜ˞teɪkʌn keɪm hoʊm tu hɪm.

quite clear

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's speech is very clear, but there is some background noise that can be heard.'

jenny/11100

In a parliamentary system, as with Britain, Italy, Germany, India, and Japan, the executive is known as the cabinet, and composed of members of the legislature.

in a parliamentary system, as with britain, italy, germany, india, and japan, the executive is known as the cabinet, and composed of members of the legislature.

slightly fast

ɪn ʌ pɑɹlʌmɛntɜ˞i sɪstʌm, æz wɪð bɹɪtʌn, ɪtʌli, dʒɜ˞mʌni, ɪndiʌ, ʌnd dʒʌpæn, ðʌ ɪɡzɛkjʌtɪv ɪz noʊn æz ðʌ kæbʌnʌt, ʌnd kʌmpoʊzd ʌv mɛmbɜ˞z ʌv ðʌ lɛdʒʌsleɪtʃɜ˞.

slightly noisy

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's speech is clear but somewhat monotone, with a hint of background noise.'

jenny/11101

The executive is led by the head of government, whose office holds power under the confidence of the legislature.

the executive is led by the head of government, whose office holds power under the confidence of the legislature.

slightly fast

ðʌ ɪɡzɛkjʌtɪv ɪz lɛd baɪ ðʌ hɛd ʌv ɡʌvɜ˞mʌnt, huz ɔfɪs hoʊldz paʊɜ˞ ʌndɜ˞ ðʌ kɑnfʌdʌns ʌv ðʌ lɛdʒʌsleɪtʃɜ˞.

slightly noisy

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's speech is very quiet and monotone, with some background noise that is slightly faster than the pace of her speech.'

jenny/11102

Because popular elections appoint political parties to govern, the leader of a party can change in between elections.

because popular elections appoint political parties to govern, the leader of a party can change in between elections.

slightly fast

bɪkɔz pɑpjʌlɜ˞ ɪlɛkʃʌnz ʌpɔɪnt pʌlɪtʌkʌl pɑɹtiz tu ɡʌvɜ˞n, ðʌ lidɜ˞ ʌv ʌ pɑɹti kæn tʃeɪndʒ ɪn bɪtwin ɪlɛkʃʌnz.

slightly noisy

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's speech has a very good recording quality, but it is slightly noisy with some monotone pronouncements.'

jenny/11103

The head of state is apart from the executive, and symbolically enacts laws and acts as representative of the nation.

the head of state is apart from the executive, and symbolically enacts laws and acts as representative of the nation.

slightly fast

ðʌ hɛd ʌv steɪt ɪz ʌpɑɹt fɹʌm ðʌ ɪɡzɛkjʌtɪv, ʌnd sɪmbɑlɪkʌli ɪnækts lɔz ʌnd ækts æz ɹɛpɹʌzɛntʌtɪv ʌv ðʌ neɪʃʌn.

very noisy

very confined sounding

very monotone

'The speech sample is very noisy and has an extremely confined, monotonous tone.'

jenny/11104

Examples include the President of Germany , the Queen of the United Kingdom , and the President of Austria .

examples include the president of germany , the queen of the united kingdom , and the president of austria .

slightly fast

ɪɡzæmpʌlz ɪnklud ðʌ pɹɛzʌdɛnt ʌv dʒɜ˞mʌni , ðʌ kwin ʌv ðʌ junaɪtɪd kɪŋdʌm , ʌnd ðʌ pɹɛzʌdɛnt ʌv ɔstɹiʌ .

slightly noisy

very confined sounding

very monotone

'Jenny speaks with a very monotone tone in a moderately noisy environment.'

jenny/11105

The other important model is the presidential system, found in the United States and in Brazil.

the other important model is the presidential system, found in the united states and in brazil.

slightly fast

ðʌ ʌðɜ˞ ɪmpɔɹtʌnt mɑdʌl ɪz ðʌ pɹɛzʌdɛnʃʌl sɪstʌm, faʊnd ɪn ðʌ junaɪtɪd steɪts ʌnd ɪn bɹʌzɪl.

moderate ambient sound

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Very good recording, but there's a bit of background noise and a slightly monotonous tone.'

jenny/11106

In presidential systems, the executive acts as both head of state and head of government, and has power to appoint an unelected cabinet.

in presidential systems, the executive acts as both head of state and head of government, and has power to appoint an unelected cabinet.

slightly fast

ɪn pɹɛzʌdɛnʃʌl sɪstʌmz, ðʌ ɪɡzɛkjʌtɪv ækts æz boʊθ hɛd ʌv steɪt ʌnd hɛd ʌv ɡʌvɜ˞mʌnt, ʌnd hæz paʊɜ˞ tu ʌpɔɪnt æn ʌnɪlɛktɪd kæbʌnʌt.

moderate ambient sound

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'The speech sample has a moderate level of ambient noise with some slight monotone delivery.'

jenny/11107

Under a presidential system, the executive branch is separate from the legislature to which it is not accountable.

under a presidential system, the executive branch is separate from the legislature to which it is not accountable.

slightly fast

ʌndɜ˞ ʌ pɹɛzʌdɛnʃʌl sɪstʌm, ðʌ ɪɡzɛkjʌtɪv bɹæntʃ ɪz sɛpɜ˞eɪt fɹʌm ðʌ lɛdʒʌsleɪtʃɜ˞ tu wɪtʃ ɪt ɪz nɑt ʌkaʊntʌbʌl.

moderate ambient sound

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'The speech sample has moderate ambient sound with some slight background noise, but the tone is quite monotone.'

jenny/11108

Although the role of the executive varies from country to country, usually it will propose the majority of legislation, and propose government agenda.

although the role of the executive varies from country to country, usually it will propose the majority of legislation, and propose government agenda.

slightly fast

ɔlðoʊ ðʌ ɹoʊl ʌv ðʌ ɪɡzɛkjʌtɪv vɛɹiz fɹʌm kʌntɹi tu kʌntɹi, juʒʌwʌli ɪt wɪl pɹʌpoʊz ðʌ mʌdʒɔɹʌti ʌv lɛdʒʌsleɪʃʌn, ʌnd pɹʌpoʊz ɡʌvɜ˞mʌnt ʌdʒɛndʌ.

moderate ambient sound

very confined sounding

very monotone

'Very noisy recording with moderate ambient sounds and a very slow, monotone delivery.'

jenny/11109

In presidential systems, the executive often has the power to veto legislation.

in presidential systems, the executive often has the power to veto legislation.

slightly fast

ɪn pɹɛzʌdɛnʃʌl sɪstʌmz, ðʌ ɪɡzɛkjʌtɪv ɔfʌn hæz ðʌ paʊɜ˞ tu vitoʊ lɛdʒʌsleɪʃʌn.

very clear

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny speaks with a very clear voice, but the recording is quite clear with minimal background noise.'.

jenny/1110

She had a young face, painted very thick.

she had a young face, painted very thick.

slightly fast

ʃi hæd ʌ jʌŋ feɪs, peɪntɪd vɛɹi θɪk.

quite clear

very confined sounding

slightly monotone

'Jenny speaks clearly and with a moderate tone of voice, with some slight background noise that is barely noticeable.'.

jenny/11110

Most executives in both systems are responsible for foreign relations, the military and police, and the bureaucracy.

most executives in both systems are responsible for foreign relations, the military and police, and the bureaucracy.

slightly fast

moʊst ɪɡzɛkjʌtɪvz ɪn boʊθ sɪstʌmz ɑɹ ɹispɑnsʌbʌl fɔɹ fɔɹʌn ɹileɪʃʌnz, ðʌ mɪlʌtɛɹi ʌnd pʌlis, ʌnd ðʌ bjʊɹɑkɹʌsi.

quite noisy

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'The speech is very noisy and has a very confined sound, but the tone is slightly monotone.'

jenny/11111

Ministers or other officials head a country's public offices, such as a foreign ministry or defence ministry.

ministers or other officials head a country's public offices, such as a foreign ministry or defence ministry.

moderate speed

mɪnʌstɜ˞z ɔɹ ʌðɜ˞ ʌfɪʃʌlz hɛd ʌ kʌntɹi'ɛs pʌblɪk ɔfʌsʌz, sʌtʃ æz ʌ fɔɹʌn mɪnʌstɹi ɔɹ dɪfɛns mɪnʌstɹi.

slightly noisy

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's voice is quite monotone and moderately loud, with some background noise and a slight degree of echo.'

jenny/11112

The election of a different executive is therefore capable of revolutionising an entire country's approach to government.

the election of a different executive is therefore capable of revolutionising an entire country's approach to government.

moderate speed

ðʌ ɪlɛkʃʌn ʌv ʌ dɪfɜ˞ʌnt ɪɡzɛkjʌtɪv ɪz ðɛɹfɔɹ keɪpʌbʌl ʌv æn ɪntaɪɜ˞ kʌntɹi'ɛs ʌpɹoʊtʃ tu ɡʌvɜ˞mʌnt.

slightly noisy

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's speech is very monotone and slightly noisy, with a moderate speed of delivery.'

jenny/11113

MILITARY AND POLICE

military and police

slightly fast

mɪlʌtɛɹi ʌnd pʌlis

quite clear

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny speaks very clearly and monotone, with minimal background noise.'

jenny/11114

While military organisations have existed as long as government itself, the idea of a standing police force is a relatively modern concept.

while military organisations have existed as long as government itself, the idea of a standing police force is a relatively modern concept.

slightly fast

waɪl mɪlʌtɛɹi ɔɹɡʌnɪzeɪʃʌnz hæv ɪɡzɪstʌd æz lɔŋ æz ɡʌvɜ˞mʌnt ɪtsɛlf, ðʌ aɪdiʌ ʌv ʌ stændɪŋ pʌlis fɔɹs ɪz ʌ ɹɛlʌtɪvli mɑdɜ˞n kɑnsɛpt.

moderate ambient sound

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'The speech sample is very clear but has a moderate amount of ambient noise with a slightly fast pace.'

jenny/11115

For example, Medieval England's system of traveling criminal courts, or assizes, used show trials and public executions to instill communities with fear to maintain control.

for example, medieval england's system of traveling criminal courts, or assizes, used show trials and public executions to instill communities with fear to maintain control.

moderate speed

fɔɹ ɪɡzæmpʌl, mɪdivʌl ɪŋɡlʌnd'ɛs sɪstʌm ʌv tɹævʌlɪŋ kɹɪmʌnʌl kɔɹts, ɔɹ , juzd ʃoʊ tɹaɪʌlz ʌnd pʌblɪk ɛksʌkjuʃʌnz tu ɪnstɪl kʌmjunʌtiz wɪð fɪɹ tu meɪnteɪn kʌntɹoʊl.

moderate ambient sound

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's speech has a moderate level of ambient noise with a slight monotone tone.'

jenny/11117

Max Weber famously argued that the state is that which controls the monopoly on the legitimate use of force.

max weber famously argued that the state is that which controls the monopoly on the legitimate use of force.

slightly fast

mæks wɛbɜ˞ feɪmʌsli ɑɹɡjud ðæt ðʌ steɪt ɪz ðæt wɪtʃ kʌntɹoʊlz ðʌ mʌnɑpʌli ɑn ðʌ lʌdʒɪtʌmʌt jus ʌv fɔɹs.

quite noisy

very confined sounding

very monotone

'Jenny's speech is very noisy and monotone, with a hint of restricted breathing.'

jenny/11118

The military and police carry out enforcement at the request of the government or the courts.

the military and police carry out enforcement at the request of the government or the courts.

slightly fast

ðʌ mɪlʌtɛɹi ʌnd pʌlis kæɹi aʊt ɛnfɔɹsmʌnt æt ðʌ ɹɪkwɛst ʌv ðʌ ɡʌvɜ˞mʌnt ɔɹ ðʌ kɔɹts.

very noisy

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's speech is very noisy and monotone, with a hint of a fast pace, but with some reverberation.'

jenny/11119

The etymology of bureaucracy derives from the French word for office and the Ancient Greek for word power .

the etymology of bureaucracy derives from the french word for office and the ancient greek for word power .

slightly fast

ðʌ ɛtʌmɑlʌdʒi ʌv bjʊɹɑkɹʌsi dɜ˞aɪvz fɹʌm ðʌ fɹɛntʃ wɜ˞d fɔɹ ɔfɪs ʌnd ðʌ eɪntʃʌnt ɡɹik fɔɹ wɜ˞d paʊɜ˞ .

slightly noisy

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny speaks with a very monotone tone, with some occasional slight background noise and a slightly fast pace.'.

jenny/1111

It was really the paint that appealed to me, the whiteness of it, like a mask, and the bright red lips.

it was really the paint that appealed to me, the whiteness of it, like a mask, and the bright red lips.

slightly fast

ɪt wɑz ɹɪli ðʌ peɪnt ðæt ʌpild tu mi, ðʌ waɪtnʌs ʌv ɪt, laɪk ʌ mæsk, ʌnd ðʌ bɹaɪt ɹɛd lɪps.

moderate ambient sound

very confined sounding

slightly monotone

'The speech is delivered with a moderate pace, and the tone is slightly monotone, but there's a faint sense of background noise'.

jenny/11120

Like the military and police, a legal system's government servants and bodies that make up its bureaucracy carry out the directives of the executive.

like the military and police, a legal system's government servants and bodies that make up its bureaucracy carry out the directives of the executive.

slightly fast

laɪk ðʌ mɪlʌtɛɹi ʌnd pʌlis, ʌ liɡʌl sɪstʌm'ɛs ɡʌvɜ˞mʌnt sɜ˞vʌnts ʌnd bɑdiz ðæt meɪk ʌp ɪts bjʊɹɑkɹʌsi kæɹi aʊt ðʌ daɪɹɛktɪvz ʌv ðʌ ɪɡzɛkjʌtɪv.

slightly noisy

very confined sounding

quite monotone

'Jenny's speech is very quiet, with a bit of background noise in a relatively monotone tone, speaking quite fast.'.