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An important target of Europe 2020 is climate change and energy sustainability. To reach the ambitious aims, it is necessary to improve the energy performance of buildings in operation. Embodied energy in materials presents a high percentage of the energy spent in the whole life cycle of a building, so new materials are needed.
Therefore we will develop within this project a novel material solution for ultra-efficient solar energy harvesting and heat exchange through an active building envelope. We thereby address the two technical applications of windows and facades, into which we will implement LARGE AREA FLUIDIC WINDOWS (LaWin). LaWin represents the vision of large-area microfluidic windows and facade elements which are based on four types of new materials: low-cost thin and strong cover glasses, microstructured rolled glasses of architectural quality, a glass-glass compound comprising microfluidic channels and a heat storage liquid designed for transparency and/or active functionality in facade and window implementation. LaWin devices will be designed to build on existing platforms and geometries used in triple glazing and facade elements to enable rapid market access and acceptance.
- Reduction of embodied energy and CO2 to 0 for window surfaces after four months of using (possible because of using regenerative energy with windows for climatisation of buildings, high insulation)
- Reduction of at least 123 000 t CO2 per year for heating (goal: at least 2% of window furnaces in Europe)
- Improving thermal insulation figures for window surfaces by at least 20%
- Reduction of total costs-Purchase price is higher, but running costs are really low
- Demonstration of at least a 10% reduction of the energy spent during the whole life cycle of a building;
- strengthen competitiveness for all project partners
- Clear and transparent information to facilitate better decision making
- High quality and environmentally friendly alternative for the build
- engineering and technologyenvironmental engineeringenergy and fuelsrenewable energysolar energy
- engineering and technologymechanical engineeringthermodynamic engineeringheat engineering
- engineering and technologymaterials engineering
- natural sciencesmathematicspure mathematicsgeometry
- natural sciencesearth and related environmental sciencesatmospheric sciencesclimatologyclimatic changes | <urn:uuid:d0ad1748-18f8-4242-9add-6075274da613> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/637108/es | 2024-10-11T13:16:11Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.899143 | 455 | 2.703125 | 3 |
We have long sought to understand our world. That quest now involves projects larger than any one country. It may soon be at an end. But it has been far from elementary. The Ancient Greeks believed the world comprised just five elements: earth, air, water, fire and aether. In 1869, Russian chemist Dimtri Mendeleev added a deeper level of understanding – and complexity – when he proposed his Periodic Table of Elements. There are now 118 elements in all, and together they explain the chemical reactions and properties the Greeks noted of the world around us. As the twentieth century began, we learned that all of these elements are just a combination of the three subatomic particles: electrons, protons and neutrons. Unlike before, this deeper but more fundamental revelation reduced the complexity of nature, while providing greater insights into its properties.
As that century – and its technology – advanced, so too did the number of “fundamental” subatomic particles. From pions to muons and more, a zoo of hundreds of strange short-lived particles (as well as their antiparticles) were uncovered.
In 1964, Nobel Prize-winning physicist Murray Gell-Mann set out to simplify things again by proposing that these particles were in fact all formed from quarks held together by gluons. Take two “up quarks” and one “down quark” and you get a proton; two down and one up forms a neutron. Order was restored.
Over the past decades the remaining fundamental building blocks of our world were identified, like the final pieces of a jigsaw puzzle, to form the Standard Model of Particle Physics. Combinations of quarks (held together by gluons) form hadrons such as protons and neutrons, orbited by a family of electron-like leptons each with a corresponding neutrino of almost imperceptible mass.
Interactions between these particles in the Standard Model are mediated by four “force-carrying” particles, most famously the photon of electromagnetism, as well as the W and Z bosons and the aforementioned gluon. In 2012 the long-predicted final particle, the Higgs Boson (aka “the god particle”) was uncovered at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The Standard Model was finished. It was a triumph. It was also incomplete.
There was no mention of gravity, or solid prediction for the dark matter that holds the galaxies together; and all efforts to explain the dark energy that appears to drive the accelerating expansion of the universe was off by 120 orders of magnitude. As before, it is likely the answer will come only after things get worse, with a more fundamental description of nature that clarifies an ever-messier situation.
The twenty-first century will see mammoth projects in all directions to find this more elementary description of our Universe. The LHC continues in an upgraded, higher intensity mode, while particle physicists have set their sights on the successor – a proposed $40 billion Future Circular Collider, 100 kilometres in circumference, that could access higher energies and hence probe smaller scales of nature to find hints of a more fundamental theory.
There are efforts to find the elusive particle that makes up dark matter by isolating sensitive detectors deep underground, waiting for an occasional collision to reveal this otherwise invisible side of our universe.
The size of the targets in these detectors vary depending on the mass of dark matter searched for, but experiments like SABRE in Australia have 50 kilograms of sodium iodide crystals, while Xenon1T has an entire tonne of the noble gas xenon as its target.
Expect the experiments to continue to grow and increase in sensitivity if dark matter continues to elude us. At some point the detectors may become large enough to detect the original ghost-like particle, the neutrino.
Because neutrinos can pass through a light year of lead before half would be stopped, you need a huge detector to have a chance of finding these rarest and most interesting high energy particles. They don’t come bigger than IceCube with an entire cubic kilometre of Antarctic ice laced with cameras that can detect the Cherenkov light from relativistic particles in the ice.
There are exciting prospects for a fourth neutrino, a so-called sterile neutrino, that may alleviate certain tensions between the expansion rate of the Universe today compared with just 380,000 years after the Big Bang, as revealed by the Cosmic Microwave Background.
There is a zoo of predicted particles that the following decades will find, or rule out, without even mentioning the prospect for one associated with gravity – the graviton. | <urn:uuid:36669b15-f034-472d-8d79-65177e28d062> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://cosmosmagazine.com/science/physics/searching-for-missing-particles/ | 2024-10-11T12:01:55Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.94653 | 965 | 3.28125 | 3 |
animals that were sent to space
August 15th, 2024
Have you ever watched those whimsical cartoons where animals are casually strolling on the moon or zooming between planets in colorful spaceships? You might recall classic moments like Bugs Bunny’s cosmic antics in Haredevil Hare or the zany moon chase between Tom and Jerry. These playful scenes, while delightful, echo a real-life fascination with space that dates back far beyond animation. Before humans ventured into the cosmos, a group of brave animals blazed the trail, embarking on historic space missions that paved the way for human spaceflight. In this article, we’ll dive into the reasons behind sending animals into space, their crucial roles in early scientific testing, and the extraordinary stories of these pioneering creatures from around the globe.
Understanding Biological Effects
Space presents extreme conditions like microgravity, radiation, and isolation. Animals help scientists understand these effects on biological systems. The knowledge gained from these experiments is crucial in designing countermeasures to protect human astronauts from the potential hazards of long-term space travel. For instance, microgravity can cause muscle atrophy and bone density loss, which have been studied extensively using animal models.
Before risking human lives, it was crucial to ensure that space travel was safe. Animals were sent to test the limits of spacecraft systems and life-support mechanisms. These tests included evaluating the performance of the spacecraft, the efficacy of life-support systems, and the overall survivability of living organisms in space. By doing so, scientists could identify and rectify potential issues, thereby increasing the safety of subsequent manned missions.
Insights gained from these missions have informed medical knowledge, particularly in areas such as cardiovascular health, muscle atrophy, and bone density loss. For example, the study of cardiovascular changes in animals has helped scientists understand how the human heart might respond to extended periods in microgravity. Similarly, research on the skeletal systems of animals has provided valuable data on preventing and treating bone density loss in astronauts. Animals have long been used in scientific testing to advance human knowledge and safety. In medical research, animals have helped in developing vaccines, surgical techniques, and understanding disease processes. This section will provide a brief overview of the roles animals have played in various scientific fields.
Video showing Laika in the Sputnik Capsule where her cabin was pressurized and equipped with an air regeneration system that provided oxygen, food, and water in gelatinized form. (Credit: NASA)
Laika, a stray mongrel from the streets of Moscow, became a historic figure as the first animal to orbit the Earth. Launched aboard Sputnik 2 on November 3, 1957, she was part of a Soviet mission aimed at demonstrating the feasibility of space travel for living creatures. The mission followed the success of Sputnik 1, and Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev pushed for a new spectacle to showcase Soviet space prowess. To meet the November deadline, engineers rapidly designed and built Sputnik 2, incorporating a basic life-support system with an oxygen generator, a fan to regulate temperature, and devices to manage carbon dioxide levels.
The spacecraft was equipped with sensors to monitor Laika's vital signs, including heart rate, respiration rate, and blood pressure. During the launch, Laika experienced extreme stress, with her heart rate soaring from 103 to 240 beats per minute at peak acceleration. After reaching orbit, however, the spacecraft's thermal control system malfunctioned due to issues with the "Block A" core. This led to a dangerous rise in cabin temperature to 40 °C (104 °F). Despite early telemetry indicating that Laika was eating her food and adapting to weightlessness, the excessive heat and stress eventually led to her death. Communication with Sputnik 2 was lost after a few hours, and Laika died of overheating on the fourth orbit.
The (surprisingly small) monument that now stands near a military research station is shaped like an abstract rocket that morphs into a hand, cradling Laika towards the stars. (Photo Credit: Cults 3D)
The mission was crucial for advancing human space exploration, as it provided some of the earliest data on how living organisms respond to the conditions of space. Scientists were eager to understand the effects of spaceflight on biological systems, making Laika's mission a necessary precursor to human space travel. Although her survival was never anticipated, the experiment aimed to prove that a living organism could endure the rigors of orbit, providing valuable insights into the impacts of weakened gravity and increased radiation. Laika's death sparked significant ethical debate, with conflicting reports about the exact cause and time of her demise. It was not until 2002 that the true circumstances of her death—overheating due to a malfunctioning thermal control system—were revealed. Despite the controversy, Laika's legacy is honored by monuments and memorials, including a statue unveiled in 2008 near the military research facility in Moscow, and she remains a poignant symbol of the sacrifices made in the pursuit of space exploration.
Ham The Chimpanzee
Ham, a chimpanzee, was part of the Mercury-Redstone 2 mission (part of the U.S. space program's Project Mercury) that launched from Holloman Air Force Base in New Mexico on January 31, 1961. How did he become part of this program? He was bought from a rare bird farm in Florida after being captured by animal trappers. Beginning in July 1959, Ham was trained at Holloman Air Force Base for about 219 hours over a 15-month period. During this training, he was required to perform tasks in response to electric sounds and lights. Of course, in these drills, he was rewarded with the stereotypical banana pellet. As a chimpanzee with similarities to humans, Ham was considered the perfect candidate to help scientists understand the link between humans and space travel. Equipped with physiological sensors to monitor his vitals, he was launched into space for 16 minutes and 39 seconds, eventually splashing down in the Atlantic Ocean. His capsule, which was damaged and sank deeper than expected, was recovered by the USS Donner. This landing led to him being renamed from No. 65 to Ham, as officials wanted to avoid the bad press that would come from the death of a "named" chimpanzee if the mission had failed.
After a 16-minute flight, which included six and a half minutes of weightlessness, Ham splashed down in the Atlantic Ocean and was promptly retrieved by the U.S.S. Donner. The ship's captain greeted him warmly as he came aboard. (Photo Credit: NASA)
After his return, the post-flight examination revealed several issues with his physical health, including a loss of 5.3% of body weight, dehydration, and a small abrasion on the bridge of his nose. Despite these challenges, Ham’s contributions proved invaluable. Following his historic flight, he lived for many years at the National Zoo in Washington, D.C., and later joined a small group of chimps at a zoo in North Carolina. Ham died in 1983 at the age of 25 and was laid to rest at the International Space Hall of Fame in New Mexico, where a monument honors his significant contributions to space exploration.
Félicette, a French cat obtained from a "pet dealer" along with 13 other cats, was sent into space on October 18, 1963, from the Interarmy Special Vehicles Test Centre aboard the Veronique Rocket. The rocket reached an altitude of 154 km after about 5 minutes, with the goal of studying the effects of space travel on neurological activity. Previously known as C341 by the Centre d’Enseignement et de Recherches de Médecine Aéronautique (CERMA), she was later named Félicette. The reason for assigning numbers instead of names was to prevent scientists from becoming attached to the animals. Her mission was part of a series of experiments conducted by the French government to study the effects of microgravity on living organisms. To monitor her health and collect valuable data, Félicette was fitted with electrodes and kept in small containers for long periods as part of her 'astronaut training.'
The text reads "Thank you for your participation in my success of 18 October 1963" and in 2020, a team unveiled a bronze statue honoring the feline. (Photo Credit: Smithsonian Magazine)
Félicette’s mission was successful, providing valuable data on the effects of space travel on the brain. Electrodes implanted in her brain transmitted neural impulses back to Earth, offering insights into how the brain responds to spaceflight conditions. However, the story did not have a happy ending; Félicette was humanely euthanized a few months after her mission for further study, though it was later admitted that nothing useful was learned from the autopsy. In 2019, a crowdfunding campaign raised funds to erect a statue in her honor at the International Space University in Strasbourg, France.
Fruit flies, chosen for their genetic similarity to humans, were the first animals to venture into space. In 1947, these tiny pioneers were launched 109 kilometers into the atmosphere at the span of 190 seconds aboard a V-2 rocket. This groundbreaking experiment was designed to investigate how high-altitude radiation exposure might affect living organisms. By studying the impact of space radiation on these flies, scientists aimed to gain insights into potential genetic changes and assess the risks that space radiation could pose to future astronauts. The experiment was a crucial step in understanding the broader implications of space travel on biological systems.
Upon their successful return, the fruit flies were parachuted down to New Mexico, where they were recovered for further analysis. In February 1953, several unmanned balloons were launched, carrying fruit flies as test subjects. Although most of the flies died or were lost, twelve survived a flight on February 26, 1953. Three years later, in February 1956, a similar experiment sent mice, guinea pigs, a fungus sample, and fruit flies to an altitude of 115,000 feet, with all animals successfully recovered alive. By July 1958, the United States Navy advanced these experiments by launching a manned high-altitude balloon carrying Malcolm David Ross, Morton Lee Lewis, and fruit flies to 82,000 feet, marking the first time a flight reached the stratosphere. In this flight, the balloon's cabin mimicked sea-level pressurized conditions, offering new insights into the effects of such environments on living organisms.
On February 20 1947 a V-2 loaded with fruit flies traveled 67 miles, the point where space officially begins. Therefore, those bugs are considered the first animals to ever visit the final frontier. (Photo Credit: How Stuff Works)
By 1968, scientists discovered that fruit fly larvae exposed to both radiation and space flight had a higher rate of premature death, accelerated aging, and genetic mutations compared to flies exposed to either condition alone. Another study from the same year revealed that pre-flight radiation combined with space travel caused significant damage to the sperm of the fruit flies, a result not observed in flies exposed to just one of these conditions. These findings highlighted the complex and potentially harmful effects of space travel on living organisms, informing future space missions and biological research.
Two tortoises were sent around the Moon on the week-long Zond 5 mission on September 14, 1968, to study the effects of long-duration space travel on living organisms. The mission aimed to gather data in preparation for human lunar missions and is described by NASA as “the first successful circumlunar mission carried out by any nation.”
The tortoises, along with other biological specimens, were among the first Earth organisms to travel to the Moon and back. They survived the mission, landing in the Indian Ocean via parachute, and were taken back to Moscow on October 7th, where they were later dissected to study the effects of space travel on their bodies. The results showed that their physical changes were due to a lack of food rather than space travel, with the primary effect being a 10% loss of body fat.
Albert I and II
Albert II was a male rhesus macaque monkey who became the first primate and the first mammal to travel to outer space. On June 14, 1949, he soared from Holloman Air Force Base in New Mexico, USA, reaching an altitude of 83 miles (134 km) aboard a U.S. V-2 sounding rocket. (Photo Credit: The Yak Mag)
Albert I and II, rhesus monkeys, were part of early U.S. efforts to study the effects of space travel on primates. Albert I was launched in June 1948, and Albert II followed in June 1949. Albert I's mission ended in failure due to a technical malfunction that caused him to suffocate within his cramped capsule before the rocket ever launched into space. To prevent this from happening again, the capsule was redesigned between flights to enlarge the cramped space. Albert II, however, did reach space, achieving a height of 134 km.
Although he successfully reached space, he died upon re-entry due to a parachute failure. These early missions highlighted the challenges of space travel and the need for improved safety measures. Both Albert I and II perished during their missions, serving as early martyrs in the quest for space exploration. Their sacrifices underscored the importance of rigorous testing and safety protocols.
Gordo, a squirrel monkey also known as Old Reliable, was launched from Cape Canaveral on December 13, 1958, aboard a US PGM-19 Jupiter rocket to test the effects of space travel on small primates. The rocket reached a height of 500 kilometers before descending back to Earth and landing in the South Atlantic. Gordo, however, did not survive the return due to a parachute failure, and his body, along with the vessel, was never recovered. Despite this, scientists were able to monitor his health and take readings that would later help their cause, thanks to Gordo's space suit, which was fitted with instruments such as a thermometer and a microphone. His contributions helped improve safety measures for subsequent missions and aided in the development of safer spacecraft and re-entry procedures.
Baker and Able
In 1959, space pioneer Miss Baker, a squirrel monkey, made history by traveling to space aboard a Jupiter IRBM rocket. This remarkable journey, with a scale model of the rocket showcased here, marked a significant milestone in the early era of space exploration. (Photo Credit: Wikipedia)
Baker, a squirrel monkey, and Able, a rhesus monkey, were launched from Florida aboard a Jupiter rocket on May 28, 1959. Their mission aimed to test the effects of space travel on primates and gather data for future manned missions. During their launch, the rocket reached an altitude of 480 kilometers before safely returning to Earth, where it was later recovered from the Caribbean by the USS Kiowa, a fleet tug that served the US Navy from 1943 to 1972. One of the reasons this mission was successful was the precautions taken before the flight, as all six consecutive Alberts had previously died due to spaceflight hazards. Among these precautions were testing the capsules about four weeks before the flight and fitting them with monitors to constantly collect data.
Able died a few days after the mission due to an infection at one of his three electrode sites, which could not be treated through surgery. In contrast, Baker lived for many years afterward, reaching the age of 27. She became a popular figure and lived at the U.S. Space and Rocket Center in Huntsville, Alabama, until her death in 1984.
Belka And Strelka
Belka and Strelka, two Russian dogs, were launched aboard Sputnik 5 on August 19, 1960. Their mission marked a significant milestone in space exploration as they spent 27 hours in orbit, completing 17 revolutions around Earth before returning safely. This achievement made them the first dogs to travel to space and return alive. The mission's success was pivotal in demonstrating that living organisms could endure the harsh conditions of space travel and re-entry, thereby paving the way for human spaceflight and setting the stage for Yuri Gagarin’s historic orbit of Earth in 1961.
1960: Belka and Strelka, a couple of stray mutts impressed into the Soviet space program, become the first living creatures to return alive from an orbital flight. (Photo Credit: Wired)
After their historic flight, Belka and Strelka lived out their lives in the Soviet Union. Strelka's offspring were famously given to U.S. President John F. Kennedy and his family as a gesture of goodwill. Kennedy affectionately referred to them as "pupniks," a playful nod to their spacefaring heritage. This gesture underscored the role of these pioneering dogs in international diplomacy and highlighted the collaborative spirit of the space race era. Belka and Strelka's legacy endures as a testament to the early efforts in space exploration and the international cooperation that followed.
Pchyolka and Mushka
Soviet dogs Pchyolka and Mushka spent a day in orbit on December 1, 1960 on board Korabl-Sputnik-3 (Sputnik 6). (Photo Credit: Reddit)
Pchyolka, a Soviet space dog, was launched on a mission aboard Sputnik 6 on December 1, 1960. The spacecraft carried a variety of biological specimens, including other animals, insects, and plants, with the objective of studying the effects of space travel on living organisms. Unfortunately, the mission ended in failure. A reentry error occurred when the retrorockets failed to deactivate as planned. As a result, the spacecraft was intentionally set to self-destruct to prevent foreign powers from inspecting the capsule and its contents upon its return to Earth. This drastic measure was taken to protect the sensitive data and technology within the spacecraft.
Mushka, another dog initially slated to participate in the mission, was not sent into space. Although she underwent rigorous ground-based tests, she was ultimately removed from the mission. The decision was made because Mushka refused to eat properly during her preparation, a crucial issue that could have jeopardized the success of the mission. Her dietary refusal raised concerns about her health and readiness, leading to her replacement by another candidate better suited for the demanding conditions of space travel.
Veterok and Ugolyok
Veterok and Ugolyok were two of over 100 mongrels selected for the experiment. The primary criteria were very specific. Dogs were picked up from the streets because mongrels were considered hardier and smarter than thoroughbreds. (Photo Credit: Russia Beyond)
Veterok and Ugolyok were launched aboard Cosmos 110 on February 22, 1966, where they spent a record-breaking 22 days in orbit before landing back on March 16. Both dogs were safely returned to Earth and studied for the effects of their prolonged stay in space. The immediate effects observed included signs of cardiovascular deconditioning, dehydration, muscle loss, coordination issues, and weight loss, which took weeks to recover from. Fortunately, there were no long-term health problems.
This spaceflight’s duration was not surpassed by humans until Soyuz 11 (the only crewed mission to board the world's first space station, Salyut 1) in June 1971 and remains the longest spaceflight for dogs. Their contributions remain significant in the history of space exploration.
The animals sent to space played an indispensable role in the early days of space exploration. Their sacrifices have not been forgotten, as they laid the groundwork for human spaceflight, contributing to our understanding of the final frontier. As we look to the stars and plan for future missions to Mars and beyond, we remember these pioneering creatures and their contributions to humanity's quest for knowledge.
These brave animals, from Laika to Félicette, exemplify the spirit of exploration and the relentless pursuit of discovery that drives us to explore the cosmos. Their stories remind us of the importance of courage, sacrifice, and the unwavering desire to push the boundaries of what is possible. Who knows? Maybe you and your dog could be the next to venture into space, continuing the legacy of these extraordinary pioneers and contributing to the next chapter in human space exploration.
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Receive amazing space news and stories that are hot off the press and ready to be read by thousands of people all around the world. | <urn:uuid:4d9777b9-413b-4fce-adc7-22546e803d92> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://cosmoyage.com/2024/08/animals-that-went-to-space/ | 2024-10-11T12:30:39Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.966659 | 4,161 | 3.8125 | 4 |
Can Advisors and Special Assistants be Accorded the Status of Ministers?
By way of introduction, parliamentary democracy, federalism and provincial autonomy are concepts that are deeply embedded within the constitutional fabric of Pakistan. The framers of the 1973 Constitution laid down in the Preamble a declaratory provision that said,
“The state shall exercise its powers and authority through the chosen representatives of the people” and “...shall form a federation wherein the units will be autonomous…”
It is needless to emphasize that with the incorporation of Article 2-A in the wake of the Eighth Amendment made in the year 1985, the Preamble/Objectives Resolution is to be read as an integral and substantive part of the Constitution. To clinch the idea of parliamentary democracy and federalism, the framers of the Constitution introduced a bicameral Parliament, comprising the President, National Assembly (lower house) and Senate (upper house), as per Article 90 of the Constitution of Pakistan 1973.
The President is the ceremonial head of state and representative of the unity of the republic, while the Prime Minister is at the helm of affairs of the federal government – along with federal ministers – who exercises executive authority in the name of the President and is the Chief Executive of the federation.
With a view to achieving the purpose of provincial autonomy, the Governor is appointed by the President to ceremonially head the province. What is true of the President is also true of the Governor – both represent the federation.
The Chief Minister holds the reins of the provincial government, along with provincial ministers, as is evident from a perusal of Article 129(1). He or she exercises the “executive authority of the province” in the name of the Governor.
Although the word “federal” has not been used in the relevant constitutional provisions, it is worth mentioning that the federal cabinet consists of ministers and the Prime Minister. On the other hand, the provincial cabinet comprises the ministers and the Chief Minister.
Article 92 states in categorical and emphatic terms that the appointments of federal minister(s) and minister(s) of state shall be made from amongst the members of the Parliament. However, with the insertion of the words “subject to clauses 9 and 10 of Article 91” in Article 92 by way of the Eighteenth Amendment (2010), the proverbial sting has been taken out of the original provision. In other words, its stringent consequences have been effectively watered down. Before the Amendment, the Prime Minister could not accommodate “outsiders”.
However, post-Amendment, the Prime Minister is vested with ample power to appoint any person as a ‘minister’ for a period of 6 months regardless of him or her not being a member of the National Assembly. Differently put, the PM can fill in a particular ministry with a number of different people after the expiry of every 6 months, if he or she wants to. If that minister does not become a Member of National Assembly for a consecutive period of 6 months, he or she would automatically cease to hold office and shall not be appointed again as a minister before the dissolution of the Assembly, unless he or she is elected as a member of that Assembly (Article 91(9)).
The corresponding provision regarding provincial ministers in this respect is Article 132 read with Article 130(9) and (10). This provision, as it stands, defangs the original provision.
Before entering into office, a minister, federal or provincial, takes the constitutional oath provided under the Third Schedule pursuant to Article 92(2) or Article 132(2). Of immense significance is the fact that neither do Articles 90 and 91 vis à vis the federal government and cabinet, nor do corresponding Articles 129 and 130 in respect of the provincial government and cabinet embody “advisors to the Prime Minister or Chief Minister” and “special assistants to the Prime Minister or Chief Minister” in their purview.
This brings us to discuss the appointments of Advisors and Special Assistants to the Prime Minister and Chief Ministers of provinces.
Advisor to PM
Articles 93 and 130(11) deal with the appointment of advisors to the Prime Minister and Chief Minister(s), respectively. Needless to say, the original Constitution did not envisage these appointments. A former judge of the Sindh High Court, SA Rabbani has traced the origin of Advisor(s) to the Prime Minister and Chief Minister in a leading case reported as PLD 2000 Karachi 333:
“The original Constitution passed in 1973, did not recognize an Adviser, both at Federal as well as Provincial level.
10. The concept was introduced only through the Constitution (Sixth Amendment) Act, 1976, whereby “Adviser to the Prime Minister’ and Adviser to a Chief Minister’ were inserted in Article 260 in the definition of service of Pakistan”. Yet nothing was provided in the Constitution to authorise appointment of such an Adviser.
11. In 1985, through the Revival of the Constitution of 1973 Order (P.O. 14 of 1985) extensive amendments and substitutions were made in the Constitution. The Article relating to the Federal Government and the Provincial Governments were substituted and that introduced present Article 93 providing for the appointment of five Advisers at the Federal level.”
Article 93(1) clearly states that the President may, on the advice of the Prime Minister, appoint not more than five advisors, on such terms and conditions as he or she may determine.
As is evident from a bare perusal of this article, two things are mentioned in relation to the appointment of advisors:
- firstly, empowering the Prime Minister to appoint advisor(s); and
- secondly, placing a limit on the Prime Minister’s power to not appoint them beyond a certain number.
When it comes to the appointment of advisors, on the face of it the Prime Minister enjoys absolute and unfettered power; he or she can appoint any persons, regardless of them being members of Parliament, while it is entirely up to the will of the President to determine the terms of an advisor. However, the power vested in the President is to be exercised according to the constitutional scheme and not arbitrarily. Seemingly, the underlying intention of this provision of the Constitution is to accommodate the loyalist(s), who could not be elected as members of Parliament for any reason. As for the restriction envisaged by the constitutional provision, it limits the PM’s power to appoint advisors in respect of numbers. In other words, the maximum number of advisors a PM may appoint at a time is five. Any appointment beyond the limit set up by the Constitution would be unconstitutional. Article 93 goes on to confer the same right upon the advisors to the Prime Minister as envisaged by Article 57 – they enjoy the right to speak and participate in the proceedings of either House of Parliament, or a joint committee or any committee thereof, just like Members.
Advisor to CM
After highlighting Article 93 in terms of federal advisors, we now move on to dilate upon a corresponding provision of the Constitution for provincial advisors. Article 130(11) lays down that the Chief Minister shall not appoint more than five advisors.
Clause 11 to Article 130 was incorporated into the Constitution through the Eighteenth Amendment in the year 2010. By contrast, it is couched in fewer words as it omits the words “on such terms and conditions as he may determine” occuring in Article 93. However, to fill up this particular gap, Rule 7 of the Punjab Rules of Business 2011 stipulates the following:
“There shall be Advisors and Special Assistants to the Chief Minister to be appointed by him, for the performance of such duties and functions as may be specified from time to time.”
As is clear from the language used in Article 93, it is the President who may appoint federal advisors on the advice of the Prime Minister to advance the idea of federalism. On the other hand, no words such as the Governor appointing provincial ministers on the advice of chief ministers, have been used in Article 130(11). This omission has been made deliberately by the lawmakers, the reason for which is obvious: to avoid possible friction, disagreement and ultimately a full blown crisis between the Governor and the Chief Minister in case they come from two different political parties. In addition to this omission, Article 130(11) does not vest in the advisors of chief ministers the power to address and take part in Provincial Assembly proceedings in contrast to Article 91(2). As for numerical order, article 130(11) follows article 91(1).
Special Assistant to the PM and CM
Although the Constitution in its interpretational clause Article 260 does recognize special assistants to the PM and CM, it is completely silent regarding their appointments. Rule 4(6) of the Rules of Business 1973 gives full discretionary power or carte blanche to the Prime Minister in appointing a special assistant.
An Advisor is not the same as a Special Assistant, though the underlying purpose of their appointment may be same. An Advisor, by definition, is one who advises. On the contrary, a Special Assistant means one who assists for a particular purpose. Advice may be made by word of mouth or through writing. Contrarily, assistance requires one to help someone do something by either participating in a discussion or by offering advice.
The question is, when the Constitution itself recognises “Special Assistants”, could the PM or CM transgress the limitation imposed by Articles 93 and 130(11) by touting the Advisors as Special Assistants? The answer is a resounding no. The Special Assistant by no stretch of imagination can take on the role of an Advisor, otherwise it would defy and bypass the limit imposed by the Constitution. In other words, the two positions are not interchangeable.
Advisors and Special Assistants as Ministers?
Having discussed ministers, advisors and special assistants at length, it would be proper to contrast advisors and special assistants with ministers.
- The first line of demarcation between them is that unlike ministers, advisors and special assistants are not the part of either the federal government or provincial government, as highlighted above.
- The second big difference is that they don’t take the constitutional oath.
- Thirdly, what makes them poles apart is the fact that unlike ministers, they are not collectively responsible to Parliament in terms of Articles 91(6) and 129(6).
These stark differences have also been highlighted in a recent judgment of the Sindh High Court reported as PLD 2017 Sindh 214 (DB). While interpreting Article 130(11), the court held authoritatively that an Advisor to the Chief Minister could not be accorded the status of a Minister and cited the case reported as PLD 2000 Karachi 333 (DB) with approval. The relevant portion from the latter case has been reproduced below:
“They are not included in the Federal Government as it was defined by the Constitution Committee to be consisting of the Prime Minister and the Federal Ministers. Moreover, to give powers of Ministers to unelected Adviser, would be against the concept of elected Government envisaged by the Constitution.
…. even if an adviser to chief minister is appointed in exercise of powers conferred by an enactment, he cannot be given powers and functions of a minister as he is not a member of the Cabinet and it will be contrary to the scheme of the Constitution.”
The inevitable conclusion that follows is that the status, powers and rights of a federal Minister or a provincial Minister cannot be conferred upon Advisors and Special Assistants to the Prime Minister and Chief Minsters and it would be against the spirit of the Constitution to do so. A writ of quo warranto can be filed under Article 199 before the High Court or under 184(3) before the Supreme Court to challenge such appointments.
The views expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of CourtingTheLaw.com or any organization with which he might be associated. | <urn:uuid:66ef584e-1ff3-4229-94ce-623937fcbc7d> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://courtingthelaw.com/2018/10/25/commentary/can-advisors-and-special-assistants-be-accorded-the-status-of-ministers/ | 2024-10-11T11:31:21Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.959454 | 2,452 | 3.390625 | 3 |
We've harnessed the power of Doppler radar, a cornerstone of modern meteorology, to elevate storm chasing to a science fueled by precision and real-time data. Using the Doppler effect, our radar systems measure phase shifts and frequency changes to detect storm movement and intensity. Pulse-Doppler, continuous-wave, and dual-polarization radars each serve specific roles, from pinpointing weather patterns to distinguishing precipitation types. This not only boosts safety by tracking storm paths and speeds but also guarantees accurate communication with emergency services. By mastering these advanced radar techniques, we can better predict and respond to severe weather events—there's so much to explore.
- Understand Doppler effect principles to interpret radar data accurately.
- Utilize dual-polarization radar for precise identification of precipitation types and storm severity.
- Leverage real-time velocity and reflectivity data to track storm movements and intensities.
- Interpret storm-relative motion to isolate and predict specific storm paths.
Basics of Doppler Radar
To fully grasp the basics of Doppler radar, we need to understand how it measures the velocity and movement of precipitation particles within a storm. Doppler radar principles revolve around the Doppler effect, where the frequency of radar waves changes as they bounce off moving objects. By transmitting a signal and analyzing its return, we can determine the speed and direction of precipitation particles.
Radar signal processing is a vital step in interpreting these returns. When radar waves hit precipitation, they scatter in various directions. The radar system collects these scattered signals, and through sophisticated algorithms, processes them to extract velocity data. This processing allows us to distinguish between particles moving towards or away from the radar, giving us a detailed picture of storm dynamics.
We rely on precise measurements and calculations to guarantee accuracy. The radar system measures the phase shift between transmitted and received signals, converting this data into velocity readings. This data-driven approach empowers us to predict storm movements more precisely, enhancing our freedom to make informed decisions during storm chasing activities.
Doppler radar principles and advanced radar signal processing techniques are fundamental in our quest to master storm dynamics.
How Doppler Radar Works
Understanding how Doppler radar works involves delving into the mechanics of radar wave transmission and reception, coupled with sophisticated data analysis techniques. At its core, Doppler radar technology sends out microwave signals that bounce off objects like raindrops and return to the radar device. This returned signal is then analyzed to determine both the distance and velocity of the object, utilizing the doppler effect.
The doppler effect is essential for storm tracking as it measures changes in frequency or wavelength of the returned radar waves, indicating motion towards or away from the radar. This helps us discern the speed and direction of weather patterns, critical for accurate weather predictions.
Here's a concise breakdown:
- Transmission and Reception: Radar sends out microwaves and listens for their echoes.
- Doppler Effect: Measures frequency shifts in returned waves to determine motion.
- Data Analysis: Sophisticated algorithms interpret the data for actionable insights.
- Weather Patterns: Identifies rain, snow, or hail by analyzing returned signals.
Types of Doppler Radar
When delving into the types of Doppler radar, we encounter diverse systems like pulse-Doppler, continuous-wave, and dual-polarization radar, each designed for specific meteorological applications.
Pulse-Doppler radar is a cornerstone in radar technology, emitting short bursts of energy and measuring the time it takes for the energy to return after reflecting off objects. This radar type excels at pinpointing weather patterns, such as precipitation intensity and storm velocity.
Continuous-wave radar, on the other hand, transmits a constant signal and measures the frequency shift of the returned signal. While it provides accurate velocity data, it lacks the range-finding capability of pulse-Doppler systems. This makes it less suitable for detecting distant weather events but highly effective for short-range applications.
Dual-polarization radar is a significant advancement, transmitting and receiving both horizontal and vertical waves. This enables it to differentiate between types of precipitation, such as rain, snow, and hail. By providing more detailed data on weather patterns, dual-polarization radar enhances our ability to predict severe weather events.
Interpreting Radar Data
Interpreting radar data requires a vital understanding of various radar signatures to accurately assess weather conditions and predict storm behavior. As storm chasers, we need to decipher radar echoes to gauge storm intensity, structure, and movement. By analyzing these data points, we can make informed decisions in the field.
When we look at radar data, we focus on several key elements:
- Reflectivity: This measures the amount of energy returned to the radar, indicating precipitation intensity. Higher reflectivity values usually signify heavier rainfall or hail.
- Velocity: This shows the motion of precipitation particles toward or away from the radar, allowing us to assess wind patterns and storm rotation.
- Dual-polarization: This provides information on the size and shape of precipitation particles, helping us distinguish between rain, snow, and hail.
- Storm-relative motion: This isolates the movement of the storm itself, giving us a clearer picture of storm rotation and direction.
Benefits for Storm Chasers
By leveraging Doppler radar technology, we as storm chasers gain vital insights that enhance our ability to predict and track severe weather events. This sophisticated tool provides real-time data on precipitation, wind speed, and storm rotation, enabling us to accurately identify storm cells and their trajectories. The precision in storm tracking allows us to monitor the development of tornadoes, hail, and other severe weather phenomena with unmatched accuracy.
Having access to such detailed information greatly improves our safety measures. Doppler radar allows us to determine the intensity and movement of storms, which is essential for planning our routes and positioning ourselves at safe distances. Additionally, the ability to predict sudden changes in weather patterns helps us avoid hazardous situations, thereby minimizing risks during our expeditions.
Moreover, the data-driven insights from Doppler radar facilitate better communication with emergency services and the public. By providing timely and accurate storm warnings, we can contribute to community safety and preparedness. This technology not only empowers us to pursue our passion for storm chasing but also guarantees that we do so with a heightened sense of responsibility and safety.
Advanced Radar Techniques
In exploring advanced radar techniques, we'll focus on interpreting velocity data and leveraging dual-polarity benefits. By analyzing velocity data, we can identify rotational signatures and wind speeds with greater accuracy.
Additionally, dual-polarity radar enhances our ability to distinguish between precipitation types, improving storm classification and prediction.
Velocity Data Interpretation
Velocity data interpretation in Doppler radar allows us to analyze wind speed and direction within a storm, providing essential insights for accurate storm tracking and prediction. By examining these velocity data, we can identify wind patterns that reveal the storm's structure and intensity, which is vital for making informed decisions in real-time.
When interpreting velocity data, we focus on specific radar products:
- Radial Velocity: Measures the component of the wind moving directly towards or away from the radar.
- Velocity Signatures: Identifies critical features like mesocyclones and tornado vortex signatures.
- Divergence and Convergence: Highlights areas where wind speeds are increasing or decreasing, indicating storm development.
- Shear: Detects rapid changes in wind speed and direction, often linked to severe weather phenomena.
Our goal is to decode these patterns to enhance storm tracking and improve safety. By leveraging advanced radar techniques, we gain a deeper understanding of storm dynamics, empowering us to forecast weather events more precisely.
This data-driven approach not only aids in predicting storm paths but also in mitigating potential impacts, giving us the freedom to act swiftly and effectively.
Building on our understanding of velocity data interpretation, dual-polarity radar techniques offer a significant enhancement in identifying precipitation types, storm structures, and even detecting airborne debris from tornadoes. By transmitting both horizontal and vertical pulses, dual-polarity radar provides us with detailed information about the shape, size, and orientation of precipitation particles.
When it comes to precipitation identification, this advanced radar technique differentiates between rain, snow, sleet, and hail with high accuracy. This capability is vital for storm chasers as it allows us to anticipate and prepare for the specific conditions we might encounter.
Additionally, dual-polarity radar enhances our storm tracking abilities by providing clearer insights into the internal dynamics of storm cells, enabling us to predict their evolution and potential hazards more effectively.
One of the standout features of dual-polarity radar is its ability to detect non-meteorological targets, such as debris lofted by tornadoes. This feature, known as the tornado debris signature (TDS), is invaluable for confirming tornado presence, especially in low-visibility conditions.
Frequently Asked Questions
What Are the Safety Precautions When Using Doppler Radar in Severe Weather Conditions?
Dancing through severe weather is like moving with a storm. We prioritize emergency procedures and diligent equipment maintenance to make sure we stay safe and informed. Our freedom depends on precise actions and reliable data, keeping us ahead of danger.
How Can Storm Chasers Efficiently Maintain Their Doppler Radar Equipment?
For efficient maintenance, we follow these upkeep strategies: regular cleaning, timely software updates, and component checks. Our calibration methods guarantee accuracy, while efficiency techniques like system diagnostics and preventive inspections keep our Doppler radar in top shape.
What Are the Legal Regulations for Storm Chasers Using Doppler Radar?
What regulations govern our use of Doppler radar? It's essential to navigate privacy concerns, data sharing, licensing requirements, and insurance coverage. We must guarantee compliance while maximizing our freedom to chase storms effectively and responsibly.
Can Mobile Apps Provide Accurate Doppler Radar Data for Storm Chasers?
We depend on mobile apps for precise Doppler radar information. Their app accuracy and reliability are essential for real-time updates and notifications, aiding us in making quick, well-informed decisions during storm chases. Precise data guarantees our safety and effectiveness.
What Are the Common Troubleshooting Steps for Doppler Radar Malfunctions?
To troubleshoot Doppler radar malfunctions, we first check radar calibration accuracy. Next, we identify and mitigate signal interference sources. Finally, we perform system diagnostics to make sure all hardware and software components function at their best. | <urn:uuid:0caebfca-e63a-4282-9b35-224416a6d1f3> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://crazystormchasers.com/understanding-doppler-radar-for-weather-forecasting/ | 2024-10-11T11:25:09Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.898061 | 2,187 | 3.828125 | 4 |
Node JS, a Java Script Open Source server environment, used for server-side and network app development, is one of the most popular programming languages in 2019. Node.js is used by big companies and small businesses alike. In addition to that, more than 80 000 websites are written in Node.js technology. Paypal, Netflix, Medium - this is just a shortlist of well-known platforms built with Node.js.
What is Node.JS programming?
Where to use Node.js in a software development project?
The strongest suite of Node.js is in making scalable network applications, processing multiple connections simultaneously. If traditional web-serving methods require each connection to create a new thread, Node.js requires only one thread for all connections. You end up with one big thread rather than a complicated structure of intertwined threads.
Where Node.js really shines is in building fast, scalable network applications, as it’s capable of handling a huge number of simultaneous connections with high throughput, which equates to high scalability.
Typically, each thread additionally takes up 2MB of data, plus the connections between threads also require extra space. With Node JS, this extra load is fully eliminated.
Node.js and modules
In Node.js, each feature is done with the independent module that corresponds to a particular piece of functionality. You can have a separate module for handling networking, another one for managing I/O file systems, and others for data buffering.
If you need to edit a particular piece of functionality, you simply need to access the corresponding module and edit only that segment of code. It’s a great feature for complex server development where you have complicated functionality in a single project.
When it comes to management, you can assign a responsible developer for handling each module. It increases your scalability capacities and improves the controllability of the process.
What is Node.js used for?
Node.js can be used for developing various web project components - here are the most common ones.
1. Static file server
It’s a server where the website loads and stores static content - data that is not modified or processed before it’s displayed on a client-server. Unlike dynamic content, which can vary from user to user and depend on online interactions, static content is always the same. As a result, it loads quickly and doesn’t require much space.
Node.js is perfect at handling input-output (I/O) data due to its single-thread design which makes it an obvious choice for such a task. In the end, you’ll have a lightweight and simple server that will return files to a particular URL whenever the user sent a request.
2. Web Application framework
The main advantages of Node.js framework are speed, productivity, and scalability. When using a front-end framework or a library (for instance, React.js), you should think about migrating the backend logic to Node.js in order to use one programming language.
Benefits are obvious. You use the same tech language stack - no need to hire additional developers. Also, such frameworks as Express.js and Meteor.js structure your code, making testing and maintenance much easier. Some of them also have a built-in garbage collector and spot technical debt right away.
Single page application
Why is Node.js framework so popular?
Main benefits of Node.js framework
Node.js is one of the fastest programming environments, so are the frameworks, based on Node.js. This fast I/O performance allows users to use the framework for static file serving, essential routing operations, and middleware messaging.
The software developers have an option to scale the Node.js applications in both vertical and horizontal manners. Not only can they scale the application horizontally by adding extra nodes to the existing system, but also they have an option to add more resources to individual nodes while scaling the Node.js application vertically.
Some Node.js frameworks allow mapping and serializing functions, keeping your code in order. You don’t have to create complex functional structures, embedding one into another. The framework will group them automatically - and you can access the needed function a search, with no need to use a callback command all the time.
In a framework, you can automate all repetitive operations, share modification records, and schedule actions. A large built-in library of ready-to-use functionality and interface templates makes building a web application a walk in the park. All you have to do is specifying the requirements for the code - and framework will do the hard work. Of course, this development will be more primitive but still, enough to pass for the work of some juniors.
Node.js advantages for web development
Node.js is not a standard fix for any kind of web project. We already listed what kind of tasks it’s suited to perform the best - now it’s time to explain why we think so. Let’s review the main advantages of using Node.js for web development.
You can use a single programing language for the entire project, saving money on hiring new team members and acquiring additional assisting technology.
High processing capacities
Node.js is a one-threaded language, capable of processing more than dozens of thousands of requests simultaneously. Due to the low number of threads, the processed data is much lighter and the flow is more seamless than with other languages.
Perfect for microservices
As the complexity of web projects grows, so the architecture has to evolve. Ten years ago, a common approach was a monolithic one - the functionality piled up from the most important features to the least important ones in a single branched-out structure.
With the introduction of microservices, things became much easier. Now, developers write a bunch of small services that are responsible for one function and connect them together into a project. Single-threaded Node.js suites perfectly for building such connections.
NPM, also known as Node.js Package Manager, has over 700 thousands of built-in features and ready-to-use modules. All you have to do is structure them in the right order and establish safe and reliable connections.
Node.js disadvantages for web app development
Even though Node.js is so universal, it’s not a one-for-everything framework. It suites to very specific tasks. On top of that, if you are unaware of some of its significant drawbacks, you should be ready not to meet your expectations.
To make sure this doesn’t happen, we collected the most critical disadvantages - so you know exactly what you are getting.
Poor handling of high CPU activity
Heavy computations block incoming requests. This is a big problem for Node.js, with its excellence in handling input-output processes. Basically, the main advantage of the language would turn into a problem and significantly slow down the performance of the end product.
Key benefits of Node.js for web development
Below you’ll discover how to benefit from Node.js in web development:
- The possibility of unifying backend and frontend development in the single stack.
- One-threaded request handling. Instead of processing multiple heavy threads, all requests are compiled in a single thread.
- Universality. Node.js can be used to create single-page applications, microservices, chat rooms, online games, APIs, data streaming apps, and many other web projects.
- Popularity. This language is very common in the United States, India, Germany, and Canada. Finding an outsourcing team with Node.js proficiency shouldn’t be a problem.
- The language is supported by Amazon Web Services, as well as Google Cloud and Heroku.
Node.js has taken software development by storm, quickly becoming one of the most popular solutions out there. This is not a surprise considering that we are living in the era of microservices and single-page application - and Node.js is perfect for both. Users prioritize speed, simplicity, responsive web pages over heavy interfaces and rich functionality - and Node.js shines there as well. Looking at these software development tendencies, one thing is apparent. Node.js will continue its growth and improvement, potentially becoming one of the most widespread programming technology. | <urn:uuid:c45c6e54-54f6-4de9-a24d-8b13071f5215> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://ddi-dev.com/blog/programming/pros-and-cons-of-node-js-web-app-development/ | 2024-10-11T11:29:38Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.910705 | 1,709 | 3.171875 | 3 |
FDA (Food and Drug Administration)
The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is a federal agency of the Department of Health and Human Services that is responsible for protecting public health by regulating various product types.
What is the FDA?
The FDA is a Partner Government Agency (PGA) responsible for regulating biological products, medical devices, food, cosmetics, veterinarian drugs, and products that emit radiation to ensure safety, security and efficacy for the US public. All imported goods of FDA regulated products are reviewed by the FDA for compliance. They hold imported products to the same standard as domestic goods and can refuse entry if products do not meet the standards in the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act. Most importers choose to hire customs brokers to assist with the FDA process on their behalf.
What is an FDA hold?
An FDA hold is a type of customs hold. An FDA hold can be placed on a shipment after an initial review by the FDA leads to the need for a more in depth examination. Once an FDA hold is placed on a shipment the FDA may either proceed to review and release, request additional information, inspect the cargo, or detain the goods if they are found to not meet appropriate standards.
What products might be stopped for an FDA hold?
Products regulated by the FDA may be stopped for an FDA hold upon import into the U.S. The FDA regulates products that fall under the following categories:
- Human foods
- Human drugs
- Vaccines, blood, and biologics
- Medical devices
- Radiation-emitting electronic products (e.g. LED lights)
- Animal and veterinary
- Tobacco products | <urn:uuid:73be7eb6-964a-462d-9864-35301a55a11d> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://de.flexport.com/glossary/food-and-drug-administration/ | 2024-10-11T12:44:17Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.9267 | 338 | 3.25 | 3 |
The process of verifying user data against government registries is integral to maintaining the integrity and security of identity verification systems. This guide provides an overview of the general steps involved in this crucial procedure and highlights its significance in establishing secure and regulated environments.
Identity verification begins when a user provides identification documents and a biometric identifier, such as a facial scan. These elements are crucial for confirming a user's identity in secure and regulated environments. The process involves several key steps:
- Data Collection: Users capture images of their government-issued ID and a selfie through a digital platform.
- Data Extraction: Data is extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) algorithms.
- Biometric Verification: The user’s live facial scan is compared to the photo on the ID to ensure consistency and rightful ownership.
- Verification Against Government Registries: The extracted data is verified against official databases that maintain records of issued IDs. This step confirms the authenticity and validity of the ID documents.
This verification step is crucial for:
- Preventing Fraud: It helps prevent identity theft by ensuring that the IDs presented are legitimate and match the presenter.
- Regulatory Compliance: Many industries are governed by strict regulations requiring thorough identity verification processes to combat fraud and money laundering.
Following this introduction, the guide will provide detailed insights into how identity verification is implemented in different countries, focusing on:
- United States: Verification through the American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators (AAMVA), which involves checking driver's licenses and ID cards against state databases.
- Mexico: Verification using the Instituto Nacional Electoral (INE), which involves validating voter IDs, a common form of identification in Mexico.
- Brazil: In Brazil, verification involves collaboration with SERPRO (Serviço Federal de Processamento de Dados), a government-owned company that is one of the largest public providers of information technology services in Brazil.
- India: Verification of AADHAR IDs where Aadhaar number provided by an individual is authenticated from the database maintained by Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI).
Each country-specific guide will discuss the unique aspects of the verification process, including the types of IDs verified, data that can be verified, and the governmental bodies involved.
Updated 6 months ago
Learn more about verifications in the individual countries | <urn:uuid:084f7163-ef2e-421f-82f5-ef7341a93b27> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://developer.incode.com/docs/government-verification | 2024-10-11T10:53:28Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.91143 | 480 | 2.90625 | 3 |
What should you do when you find water in your crawl space?
If your crawl space or basement has standing water, it needs to be removed immediately. You can do this with either a wet vacuum or a sump pump. Installing a dehumidifier will further reduce the humidity level significantly and inhibit mold growth.
To restrict the water from accumulating into the crawl space further, you may get a complete tech-system installed by a restoration professional; the system must contain the essentials like a perimeter trench, gravel, perforated pipe, and a sump pump. Do not attempt to install these pieces of equipment in your crawl space by yourself and before installation schedule a thorough inspection first, so that the crawl space is not over-equipped and nothing important has been left out.
There are some steps that you must follow to eliminate water from your crawl space:
Here is where to start.
1 – First and foremost, identify the source of water
Try to enter the crawl space from the access space, make sure that you are equipped with a working flashlight, proper work clothes, plastic sheets to protect your clothes, and inspect each area of your crawl space. Inspect the soil texture and ground also. Look for signs and symbols for standing water and discoloration due to moss, mildew, or wood rot on wooden floors and barriers.
2 – Eliminate the vapor barrier
If a vapor barrier is present in your crawl space, then roll it up and remove it through the access-door.
3 – Dig a trench and fill it with gravel
A trench is dug near the entire interior foundation, a guide like the foundation. The drain pipe is now covered with drain rock filling in the trench, and the leftover soil from digging the trench is then evenly spread near the crawl space.
4 – Restrict mold formation
Mold has a very high affinity for moisture, and it feeds on dead and decaying organic matter like paper, wood, cardboard, etc. Most of the crawl spaces have very high moisture content, and they are rich in organic matter; also, adversely, this invites mold formation. If there are too many vents in your crawl space, it becomes inviting for the insects and pests that lead to mold formation.
Mold and mildew grow exponentially on damp areas. Mold affects health as it causes respiratory problems, and it lowers the property value very significantly.
5 – Install a GFCI Outlet, a sump pump, and a discharge pipe
You need these types of equipment to prevent water accumulation, do not try to install themselves your self. And, seek professional help to prevent life-threatening injuries.
6 – Install a new vapor barrier.
Get a new vapor barrier of 6 mils to prevent the absorption of water from the ground. You must place the new six mil vapor barrier over the ground of the crawl space to prevent vapor transfer from the ground.
The bottom line: deal with water in your crawl space to ensure a healthy home
- Never choose to work yourself, unless the inspection results favour this.
- Always wear personal protective coverings, safety goggles, sturdy boots or shoes, gloves, and helmet to protect yourself from any injuries.
- Always check for the presence of any electrical pieces of equipment, the combination of water and electricity is very risky.
- If you are inexperienced in these steps, call a professional for the installation of the outlet and sump pump.
When you discover water in your crawl space, let any professional restoration service help. From preliminary inspection to complete water eradication services, their experts will be giving you the attention that you deserve. | <urn:uuid:317411b4-1ff6-4fd0-b834-2ef8defc54cf> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://diyhomegarden.blog/crawl-space-water-removal/ | 2024-10-11T12:56:29Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.925819 | 736 | 2.53125 | 3 |
When the COVID-19 pandemic descended last winter, Catherine Ross was filled with dread. Her 36-year-old sister, Amanda Ross, has Down syndrome (DS), which makes her especially vulnerable to respiratory viruses. Amanda Ross had been hospitalized repeatedly with pneumonia. In 2017, she ended up on a ventilator and nearly died.
In April, she was back on a ventilator. She lives in a group home in Somers, New York and had been diagnosed with COVID-19 on 31 March. The doctor told her close-knit family that, given her history, they needed to prepare for the worst. “It shook us,” Catherine Ross says. Her sister and others with DS, also known as trisomy 21, “are dealing with a stacked deck against them in terms of dealing with the virus,” she says.
Among groups at higher risk of dying from COVID-19, such as people with diabetes, people with DS stand out: If infected, they are five times more likely to be hospitalized and 10 times more likely to die than the general population, according to a large U.K. study published in October. Other recent studies back up the high risk. | <urn:uuid:e2546dc7-99f7-4ca3-bbad-1e8dda6e907b> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://downsyndromealabama.org/covid-19-is-10-times-deadlier-for-people-with-down-syndrome-raising-calls-for-early-vaccination/ | 2024-10-11T11:28:58Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.983512 | 250 | 3.015625 | 3 |
An allergic reaction occurs when a person’s immune system reacts to a foreign substance; often, that substance is harmless to most people.
These substances range from food, medications, and insect bites to cosmetics, everyday cleaning products, pollen, and pet dander.
When you have allergies, your immune system makes antibodies that identify a particular allergen as harmful, even though it isn’t necessarily. When you come into contact with the allergen, your immune system’s reaction can inflame your skin, sinuses, airways, or digestive system.
Signs of an allergic reaction
The first sign of an allergic reaction is usually itching, redness, or swelling of the skin that came into contact with the allergen. Other common symptoms include hives, nasal congestion, runny nose, and watery eyes.
In severe cases, anaphylaxis can occur, a life-threatening reaction affecting the whole body. Symptoms of anaphylaxis can include difficulty breathing, rapid pulse, vomiting, and dizziness or loss of consciousness.
While most allergies can’t be cured, treatments can help relieve your allergy symptoms.
If you suspect that you or someone you know experienced an allergic reaction, seeking medical attention as soon as possible is important. Furthermore, if you or a loved one are experiencing any of the signs of anaphylaxis, that is an emergency. Immediately dial 911 or get to the nearest emergency room.
Urgent care centers are an excellent resource for individuals experiencing mild to moderate allergic reactions. Since time is still of the essence, most urgent care facilities have online check-in or walk-in options to expedite your care.
By visiting an urgent care center, you can get immediate treatment for your allergy-related issues without having to make an appointment ahead of time or wait days for a response from your primary physician.
Qualified medical professionals at the clinic can diagnose and treat allergies quickly. They can provide medications to reduce the severity of the allergy symptoms and help relieve discomfort caused by the allergy attack.
An urgent care center can also advise how to prevent future allergic reactions and recommend lifestyle changes that may help reduce the risk or frequency of allergic reactions.
If necessary, urgent care providers can refer you to an allergist for further evaluation and treatment. An allergist can perform skin or blood tests to determine the cause of your allergy. They can also provide an action plan for managing your allergy, such as avoiding allergens and what to do in an emergency.
If you have a history of severe allergic reactions, it is crucial to always carry an epinephrine auto-injector with you. This small, easy-to-use device can deliver a life-saving dose of epinephrine in an emergency.
It is also a good idea to wear a medical alert bracelet or carry a card indicating your allergies and the need for epinephrine in an emergency. It is important to note that after administering an epinephrine auto-injector, you must call 911 and get to the nearest emergency room immediately.
The bottom line
Allergic reactions can range from mild to severe and can include symptoms such as itching, hives, and difficulty breathing.
If you suspect an allergic reaction is occurring, seek medical attention immediately. | <urn:uuid:7726e7e0-3b59-46b8-967e-303220515d39> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://dthai.us/2023/06/13/allergic-reactions-signs-how-to-get-care/ | 2024-10-11T12:45:38Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.944057 | 673 | 3.515625 | 4 |
A C-17 Globemaster is on a late night flight to deliver supplies, equipment, and personnel to Eielson Air Force Base near Fairbanks, Alaska. The flight originated out of McChord Air Force in Spokane, Washington. It’s a little over two and a half hours into the flight and the time is 3:45 am in the morning. The distance between Spokane to Fairbanks is 1,635 miles. At a cruising speed close to 500 mph, the total flight time should be approximately 3 hours and 45 minutes.
A warning light appears, piercing the darkness in the cabin. Along with the light, an alarm sounds. Though monitoring the flight controls and reviewing checklists for landing at Eielson, the crews are still jolted to attention and their heart rates rapidly increase as everyone works to identify the problem at hand.
The forested, mountainous terrain below the C-17 Globemaster is a very remote region in British Columbia in Canada. If an emergency arises that would cause the aircraft to disappear off radar, like being involved in a crash landing, trying to locate the crash site to get reach survivors quickly would be very difficult.
To help identify a crash site location, cargo and passenger aircraft like the C-17 Globemaster are equipped with radio beacons. An AN/URT-26(V) Beacon Radio Airfoil like the one pictured here (Image 1) is an emergency locator like you would find on the C-17, E-3 Sentry, P-3 Orion, C-130 Hercules, E-2, and other cargo aircraft. The URT-26 is mounted into a fiberglass tray that blends into the exterior skin of the body at the rear of the aircraft. The release of the transmitter is triggered by frangible switches located on the aircraft nose, wingtips, and lower fuselage, and released by a hydrostatic switch mounted on the inside of the airfoil tray. When a frangible switch crushes on impact or a hydrostatic pressure switch sinks at 6 feet of water, the closed electrical circuit releases a spring catch to release the airfoil into the slipstream. The transmitter can also be manually deployed through a control panel in the cockpit near the navigator.
The outer shell of the beacon is made of styrofoam and fiberglass and is airfoil-shaped so that when deployed into the plane’s slipstream, it descends in a floating pattern away from the crash site to keep it from being destroyed by the impact or fire. The styrofoam allows the beacon to float in water indefinitely. Powered by twelve NT-CAD batteries, once released from the body of the craft, it begins to transmit a distress signal at 243MHz.
Two Aircraft Crashes Drive Development of the Crash Position Indicator
What drove the development of a device like the beacon radio transmitter? The answer is two aircraft crashing during World War II. During World War II, an experimental jet fighter crashed and had no beacon to locate it. Another aircraft was sent to find the downed fighter in a heavily wooded area. As a result of flying low to find the location of the crash site, that second aircraft also crashed.
Harry Stevinson, a Canadian inventor who worked for the National Research Council’s (NRC) National Aeronautical Establishment (NAE), knew that if the first aircraft had a locator beacon the second aircraft could have flown at a higher altitude during the search. Stevinson began designing a crash position indicator. Prior to the development of his crash position indicator (CPI), other CPIs existed but were mounted to the aircraft. Being attached to the aircraft, these earlier models would sink with the plane in a water crash or on land the signal would be blocked when under the aircraft’s body. Stevenson’s design would separate the locator beacon from the aircraft and float, or otherwise clear the impact site.
Back in the C-17 cockpit, following a checklist following the alarm, the pilots quickly assess the emergency issue and determine it is a false alarm. The flight continues on without any further incident to Alaska where they can have the false alarm examined further by the aircraft maintenance crews.
The unit pictured in Image 1 is the Beacon Radio Airfoil AN/URT-26(V) (138700-4 or 126615-1) of a military reconnaissance aircraft. This unit was repaired by Duotech Services technicians, who support electronics, avionics, and communications components for aircraft like the E-3 Sentry, P-3 Orion, C-130 Hercules, C-17, and even fighter aircraft like the F-5 Tiger II, F-15 Eagle, and F-16 Falcon. DSI technicians evaluated the equipment and discovered the defective components. The faulty components were replaced and the serviceable unit was returned back to the customer.
A qualified Depot Level Maintenance (D-Level) facility can eliminate the need to scrap repairable equipment by identifying the faults in malfunctioning equipment and repairing them quickly. Often with obsolescent equipment, supporting technical data can be nonexistent, stopping repairs in their tracks. Finding a qualified depot that has the ability to reverse engineer obsolete technology and remanufacture unavailable parts is essential to returning mission-critical systems back to aircraft and ground systems.
Repair… Reverse Engineer… Renew
Duotech provides repair support capabilities for base stations, antennas, radar, towers for communications and RF, and also electromechanical and power electronics for aeronautical and ground-based systems. With over 34 years of experience, DSI provides a full range of equipment repair services and is certified AS9100D and ISO 9001. | <urn:uuid:d220eeeb-1834-49df-8ecb-7398eb01e447> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://duotechservices.com/pilot-hopes-never-need-airfoil-shaped-system | 2024-10-11T12:48:42Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.948871 | 1,163 | 2.78125 | 3 |
Essay On My Journey Of Self Discovery
Outline of Essay
- Starting the Journey
- Obstacles and Challenges
- Lessons Learned
Self-discovery is the process of gaining insight and understanding about oneself, including one’s personality, values, beliefs, strengths, weaknesses, and emotions. It involves introspection, reflection, and exploration of one’s inner world and experiences. Self-discovery is crucial for personal growth, happiness, and fulfilment. It helps individuals understand their unique identity, purpose, and potential. It also allows them to make informed decisions, set meaningful goals, and develop healthy relationships. Self-discovery promotes self-awareness, self-acceptance, and self-confidence, which are essential for a fulfilling life.
Starting the Journey
Embarking on a journey of self-discovery can be a transformative experience that can lead to greater self-awareness, personal growth, and fulfilment. Here are a few tips to help you get started:
The first step in any personal growth journey is identifying the need for change. Take some time to reflect on your life and think about what’s not working for you. Ask yourself what changes you would like to see in your life, and what areas you would like to improve. Exploring new interests and hobbies can be a great way to broaden your horizons and learn new things about yourself. Try new activities, read books on topics that interest you, or join a club or group that aligns with your interests. This can help you discover new passions and talents, and can also give you a sense of purpose and fulfilment.
No journey of personal growth is complete without seeking guidance and support. Reach out to friends and family members who you trust, and consider talking to a therapist or counsellor who can help you work through any challenges you may encounter along the way. Remember that it’s okay to ask for help and that the support of others can be a powerful tool in achieving your goals.
Obstacles and Challenges
The journey to self-discovery can be challenging, and it’s not uncommon to face obstacles along the way. Some common obstacles and challenges that you may encounter on your journey include:
Fear and self-doubt can be major obstacles to achieving one’s goals and can prevent individuals from taking risks and pursuing their passions. To overcome these obstacles, it’s essential to recognize and acknowledge one’s fears and doubts, rather than ignoring or suppressing them. Then, it’s important to examine the root causes of these feelings and challenge the negative self-talk that can often fuel them. Positive affirmations, visualization techniques, and seeking the support of loved ones and mentors can also help build confidence and overcome fear and self-doubt. Facing criticism and opposition can be challenging, especially when pursuing something unconventional or outside of the norm. It’s important to remember that not everyone will understand or support one’s goals and to avoid taking criticism or opposition personally. Instead, it’s essential to remain focused on one’s vision and to seek out constructive feedback from trusted sources. It can also be helpful to surround oneself with a supportive community of like-minded individuals who can offer encouragement and advice.
Setbacks and failures are an inevitable part of any journey, but they can be especially difficult to navigate when pursuing something challenging or unfamiliar. It’s important to maintain a growth mindset and view setbacks and failures as opportunities for learning and growth, rather than as indicators of personal inadequacy or failure. Reframing one’s perspective in this way can help one stay motivated and resilient in the face of adversity. Seeking support from mentors, loved ones, or professional resources can also help navigate setbacks and failures.
Some key lessons that people often learn in their journey to self-discovery are:
Discovering your strengths and weaknesses is an essential step towards personal growth and development. By recognizing your strengths, you can build on them to enhance your abilities and potential, while understanding your weaknesses can help you identify areas for improvement and focus on developing skills and knowledge to overcome them. To discover your strengths and weaknesses, you can reflect on your past experiences, seek feedback from others, take personality and skills assessments, and try new things to see what you excel at and what challenges you. Developing new skills and talents can help you broaden your knowledge and abilities, improve your confidence and self-esteem, and open up new opportunities for personal and professional growth. Some effective ways to develop new skills and talents include:
Taking courses or training programs. Practising regularly and setting specific goals. Seeking guidance and mentorship from experts in the field. Experiment with different approaches and techniques. Joining clubs or groups related to your interests.
Transformation refers to a profound and fundamental change that occurs in an individual’s life, personality, or worldview. It can manifest in different ways, but some common elements of transformation include:
Transformation often involves a significant shift in how an individual thinks, feels, and acts. This could mean adopting new beliefs, values, or attitudes, or letting go of old habits or patterns that no longer serve them. The person may start to see the world in a different light and respond to situations in a more positive, constructive way. Transformation can also lead to a deeper understanding and acceptance of oneself, as well as a greater capacity for empathy and compassion towards others. As the person develops a more positive self-image and sense of self-worth, they may find it easier to connect with others and form healthier, more fulfilling relationships. Another hallmark of transformation is a renewed sense of purpose and direction in life. The person may discover new passions or interests, set new goals, or pursue a different path that aligns more closely with their values and aspirations. This can bring a greater sense of fulfilment and satisfaction in life. Transformation is a powerful and positive process that can help individuals grow, evolve, and reach their full potential.
What is the power of self-discovery?
Self-discovery allows us to make conscious decisions about our lives and create a path that is true to ourselves. Through this journey, we learn to recognize our strengths and weaknesses and unlock our true potential. It is a journey of self-acceptance, growth, and empowerment.
Can self-discovery be difficult?
Yes, self-discovery can be difficult at times. It often involves confronting uncomfortable emotions or facing difficult truths about yourself. However, the rewards of self-discovery can be incredibly meaningful and transformative, making the effort well worth it.
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What do you think of when you think of pandas?
Most people think of the fuzzy, black and white bear.
Not Melody Craig.
For Craig, pandas is a serious auto-immune disease.
PANDAS is an acronym for Pediatric Auto-immune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal infections. It’s a disorder that stems from an initial strep infection, that messes with the brain.
Common symptoms include vocal tics, obsessions, motor tics, behavioral regression, compulsions, anxiety, irritability, sleep disturbances, depression, impulsivity, changes in handwriting, anorexia, aggression, sensory abnormalities, chorea, and emotional swings.
“My child went from the easiest one in the class to being consumed by hundreds of complex tics and movements that were uncontrollable,” Craig, the mother of a PANDAS victim, said. “It happened very abruptly after a week long illness and a year of sickness after sickness.”
She said the tics and movements quickly progressed to behaviors her family had never seen.
“He was like a different person. He was violent, combative and could no longer attend school,” she said. “It deeply impacted our whole family causing us to have to seperate the family for a time to keep everyone safe. It was the hardest thing I’ve ever been through. Watching my sweet, quiet, mild mannered boy turn into this person who none of us recognized was a terrible nightmare I wanted to wake up from but it was our life, not a dream.”
Amy Cross, a registered nurse at Moleculara Labs — which is studying PANDAS, said the illness happens to some people who had a previous strep infection. Instead of getting well, the strep bacteria will cause the patient to stay infected and in certain people the antibodies created by the body that are there to get rid of the infection will access the tissue in the patients by going through the blood-brain barrier.
“The antibodies, trained to attack strep germs, will go after cells in the brain that look like strep germs,” Cross said. “Depending on what the misfired immune system goes after will determine what symptoms the patient will experience.”
About one in two hundred children are likely to have PANDAS.
Some victim’s parents said they felt like failures after going to five doctors before their child was properly diagnosed with PANDAS. Previously, the child had been diagnosed with ADHD, OCD, and even Autism.
Often, the disease is misdiagnosed as a mental illness such as autism, anxiety, or depression.
According to a parent survey in 2018, 63 percent of PANDAS patients have been admitted to psychiatric hospitals. The disease, experts said, is hard to deal with and can be devastating to patients and their families, however when properly diagnosed it can be treated and most children make full recoveries.
One lab in Oklahoma has developed a test for PANDAS. The blood test called “The Cunningham Panel” is named after a scientist at OU Health Science Center, Dr. Madeleine Cunningham. She created the blood test after researching conditions similar to PANDAS over the past three decades. Her test is used worldwide.
Usually, PANDAS can normally be treated through antibiotics such as Penicillin. The antibiotics treat the streptococcus that caused the immunological response and led to the neuropsychiatric symptoms.
Once the streptococcus is eradicated, the immunological response dies down, and neuropsychiatric symptoms subside. Most often, the patient must be treated with antibiotics for a greater amount of time than when the streptococcus is just in the throat and sinuses.
According to a recent study, 75 percent of PANDAS patients showed improvement after diagnosis and treatment with antibiotics.
Melody Craig, the mom mentioned earlier, said her son received long term antibiotics to treat a pneumonia infection and was also treated with anti-inflammatories and medications to calm the immune system and decrease the inflammation in her son’s brain.
Today, three and a half years after her son’s abrupt and life altering brain change, she said her son “is back.”
“He no longer needs most of his medications, he is back in school and doing all the things normal kids his age do,” Craig said. “Looking at him now, you would never know he had experienced a year of terror.”
His mom attributes that to great medical care by her doctor in Houston, Texas and also the support and work that labs and private organizations have done to support the cause and research. | <urn:uuid:eaf92f3b-8c62-442f-86fa-6d657a0dca18> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://epicnewsnetwork.org/2019/10/pandas-its-not-a-fuzzy-cute-bear-its-a-serious-auto-immune-diesease/ | 2024-10-11T10:57:16Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.971949 | 980 | 3.0625 | 3 |
Object detection is a computer vision technique for locating instances of objects in images or videos. Object detection algorithms typically leverage machine learning or deep learning to produce meaningful results. When humans look at images or videos, we can recognize and locate objects of interest within a matter of moments. The goal of object detection is to replicate this intelligence using a computer.
Why Object Detection Is Important
Object detection, a key technology used in advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), enables cars to detect driving lanes and pedestrians to improve road safety. Object detection is also an essential component in applications such as visual inspection, robotics, medical imaging, video surveillance, and content-based image retrieval.
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How Object Detection Works
Object Detection Using Deep Learning
You can use a variety of techniques to perform object detection. Popular deep learning–based approaches using convolutional neural networks (CNNs), such as YOLO, SSD, or R-CNN, automatically learn to detect objects within images.
You can choose from two key approaches to get started with object detection using deep learning:
- Use pretrained object detectors. Several deep learning object detectors are trained on large data sets and can detect common objects such as people, vehicles, or image text without requiring further training.
- Create and train a custom object detector. To tailor an object detector to your specific needs, you can use transfer learning. This approach enables you to build on a pretrained network, refining it further for your application. This method can provide faster results than training from scratch because the object detectors have already been trained on thousands, or even millions, of images.
Whether you use a pretrained object detector or create a custom one, you will need to decide what type of object detection network you prefer.
Object Detection Using Machine Learning
Machine learning techniques are also commonly used for object detection, and they offer different approaches than deep learning. Common machine learning techniques include:
- Aggregate channel features (ACFs)
- Support vector machine (SVM) classification using histograms of oriented gradient (HOG) features
- The Viola-Jones algorithm for human face or upper body detection
As with deep learning–based approaches, you can choose to start with a pretrained object detector or create a custom object detector to suit your application. You will need to manually select the identifying features for an object when using machine learning, compared with automatic feature selection in a deep learning–based workflow.
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Machine Learning vs. Deep Learning for Object Detection
The best approach for object detection depends on your application and the problem you’re trying to solve. When choosing between machine learning and deep learning, consider whether you have a powerful GPU and lots of labeled training images. If you don’t have both, a machine learning approach might be the better choice. Deep learning techniques tend to work better when you have more images, and GPUs decrease the time needed to train the model.
Other Object Detection Methods
In addition to deep learning– and machine learning–based object detection, several other common techniques may be applicable depending on your application:
- Image segmentation and blob analysis, which uses simple object properties such as size, shape, or color
- Instance segmentation, a technique that predicts pixel-by-pixel segmentation masks of the precise shape and area of each object
- Keypoint detection, a technique that predicts specific points of interest on the object
- Feature-based object detection, which uses feature extraction, matching, and RANSAC to estimate the location of an object
Object Detection with MATLAB
With just a few lines of MATLAB® code, you can build machine learning and deep learning models for object detection without having to be an expert.
Automatically Label Training Images with Apps
MATLAB provides interactive apps to both prepare training data and customize convolutional neural networks. Labeling the test images for object detectors is tedious, and getting enough training data to create a performant object detector can take a significant amount of time. The Image Labeler app lets you interactively label objects within a collection of images and provides built-in algorithms to automatically label your ground-truth data. For automated driving applications, you can use the Ground Truth Labeler app, and for video processing workflows, you can use the Video Labeler app.
Interactively Create Object Detection Algorithms and Interoperate Between Frameworks
Customizing an existing CNN or creating one from scratch can be prone to architectural problems that can waste valuable training time. The Deep Network Designer app enables you to interactively build, edit, and visualize deep learning networks while also providing an analysis tool to check for architectural issues before training the network.
With MATLAB, you can interoperate with networks and network architectures from frameworks like TensorFlow™-Keras, PyTorch®, and Caffe2 using ONNX™ (Open Neural Network Exchange) import and export capabilities.
Automatically Generate Optimized Code for Deployment
After creating your algorithms with MATLAB, you can leverage automated workflows to generate TensorRT or CUDA® code with GPU Coder™ to perform hardware-in-the-loop testing. The generated code can be integrated with existing projects and used to verify object detection algorithms on desktop GPUs or embedded GPUs such as the NVIDIA® Jetson™ or NVIDIA Drive platform.
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To prevent a dog from digging up the garden, you can try the following methods:
- Provide an alternative digging spot: Dedicate a specific area in your yard, filled with loose soil or sand, where your dog is allowed to dig. Encourage them to use that spot by burying toys or treats for them to find.
- Supervise and redirect: Whenever you see your dog attempting to dig in the garden, redirect their attention to a more appropriate activity, such as playing with a toy or going for a walk. Reward and praise them for choosing the alternative behavior.
- Block off the garden: Use fencing or barriers to physically prevent your dog from accessing areas of the garden where they tend to dig.
- Deterrent sprays: Apply pet-safe deterrent sprays to areas you want to protect. These sprays have unpleasant scents or tastes that discourage dogs from digging.
- Provide mental and physical stimulation: Dogs may engage in destructive behavior like digging out of boredom or excess energy. Make sure your dog gets enough exercise, playtime, and mental stimulation through interactive toys, puzzles, and training sessions.
- Bury deterrents: Bury chicken wire or rocks slightly beneath the surface of the garden bed. This will create an uncomfortable or unfamiliar texture when your dog tries to dig, discouraging them from continuing.
- Train your dog: Teach your dog basic commands like "leave it" or "stay" to have better control over their behavior. Consistently reinforce the training and reward them for obeying commands.
- Consider crate or indoor time: If all else fails, confine your dog indoors or in a crate when you are unable to supervise them. This will prevent them from digging up the garden unsupervised.
Remember, having patience and consistency in training is essential. It may take time to break the habit, but with positive reinforcement and a dedicated effort, you can prevent your dog from digging up the garden. | <urn:uuid:a048aa3c-4491-4f39-b326-5bd44371e79d> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://forum.elvanco.com/thread/how-do-you-prevent-a-dog-from-digging-up-the-garden | 2024-10-11T11:45:13Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.914634 | 397 | 2.828125 | 3 |
No matter how difficult a task may look.. Persistence and steady action will get you through
Titus Lucretius Carus was a Roman poet and philosopher. His only known work is the philosophical poem De rerum natura, a didactic work about the tenets and philosophy of Epicureanism, and which usually is translated into English as On the Nature of Things. Lucretius has been credited with originating the concept of the three-age system that was formalised in 1836 by C. J. Thomsen.
Very little is known about Lucretius's life; the only certain fact is, that he was either a friend or client of Gaius Memmius, to whom the poem was addressed and dedicated.
De rerum natura was a considerable influence on the Augustan poets, particularly Virgil in his Aeneid and Georgics, and to a lesser extent on the Eclogues and Horace. The work virtually disappeared during the Middle Ages, but was rediscovered in 1417 in a monastery in Germany by Poggio Bracciolini and it played an important role both in the development of atomism Lucretius was an important influence on Pierre Gassendi and the efforts of various figures of the Enlightenment era to construct a new Christian humanism. Lucretius's scientific poem On the Nature of Things c. 60 BC has a remarkable description of Brownian motion of dust particles in verses 113–140 from Book II. He uses this as a proof of the existence of atoms.
Virtually nothing is known about the life of Lucretius, and there is insufficient basis for a confident assertion of the dates of Lucretius's birth or death in other sources. Another, yet briefer, note is found in the Chronicon of Donatus's pupil, Jerome. Writing four centuries after Lucretius's death, he enters under the 171st Olympiad: "Titus Lucretius the poet is born." If Jerome is accurate about Lucretius's age 43 when Lucretius died discussed below, then it may be concluded he was born in 99 or 98 BC. Less specific estimates place the birth of Lucretius in the 90s BC and his death in the 50s BC, in agreement with the poem's many allusions to the tumultuous state of political affairs in Rome and its civil strife.
Lucretius probably was a member of the aristocratic gens Lucretia, and his work shows an intimate knowledge of the luxurious lifestyle in Rome. Lucretius's love of the countryside invites speculation that he inhabited family-owned rural estates, as did many wealthy Roman families, and he certainly was expensively educated with a mastery of Latin, Greek, literature, and philosophy.
If I must speak, my noble Memmius, As nature's majesty now known demands - De rerum natura tr. Melville 5.6
A brief biographical note is found in Aelius Donatus's Life of Virgil, which seems to be derived from an earlier work by Suetonius. The note reads: "The first years of his life Virgil spent in Cremona until the assumption of his toga virilis on his 17th birthday when the same two men held the consulate as when he was born, and it so happened that on the very same day Lucretius the poet passed away." However, although Lucretius certainly lived and died around the time that Virgil and Cicero flourished, the information in this particular testimony is internally inconsistent: If Virgil was born in 70 BC, his 17th birthday would be in 53. The two consuls of 70 BC, Pompey and Crassus, stood together as consuls again in 55, not 53. Another yet briefer note is found in the Chronicon of Donatus's pupil, Jerome. Writing four centuries after Lucretius's death, Jerome contends in the aforementioned Chronicon that Lucretius "was driven mad by a love potion, and when, during the intervals of his insanity, he had written a number of books, which were later emended by Cicero, he killed himself by his own hand in the 44th year of his life." The claim that he was driven mad by a love potion, although defended by such scholars as Reale and Catan, is often dismissed as the result of historical confusion, or anti-Epicurean bias. In some accounts the administration of the toxic aphrodisiac is attributed to his wife Lucilia. Regardless, Jerome's image of Lucretius as a lovesick, mad poet continued to have significant influence on modern scholarship until quite recently, although it now is accepted that such a report is inaccurate.
De rerum natura
His poem, De rerum natura usually translated as "On the Nature of Things" or "On the Nature of the Universe", transmits the ideas of Epicureanism, which includes atomism and cosmology. Lucretius was the first writer known to introduce Roman readers to Epicurean philosophy. The poem, written in some 7,400 dactylic hexameters, is divided into six untitled books, and explores Epicurean physics through richly poetic language and metaphors. Lucretius presents the principles of atomism, the nature of the mind and soul, explanations of sensation and thought, the development of the world and its phenomena, and explains a variety of celestial and terrestrial phenomena. The universe described in the poem operates according to these physical principles, guided by fortuna, "chance", and not the divine intervention of the traditional Roman deities and the religious explanations of the natural world.
Within this work, Lucretius makes reference to the cultural and technological development of humans in his use of available materials, tools, and weapons through prehistory to Lucretius's own time. He specifies the earliest weapons as hands, nails, and teeth. These were followed by stones, branches, and, once humans could kindle and control it, fire. He then refers to "tough iron" and copper in that order, but goes on to say that copper was the primary means of tilling the soil and the basis of weaponry until, "by slow degrees", the iron sword became predominant it still was in his day and "the bronze sickle fell into disrepute" as iron ploughs were introduced. He had earlier envisaged a pre-technological, pre-literary kind of human whose life was lived "in the fashion of wild beasts roaming at large". From this beginning, he theorised, there followed the development in turn of crude huts, use and kindling of fire, clothing, language, family, and city-states. He believed that smelting of metal, and perhaps too, the firing of pottery, was discovered by accident: for example, the result of a forest fire. He does specify, however, that the use of copper followed the use of stones and branches and preceded the use of iron.
Lucretius seems to equate copper with bronze, an alloy of copper and tin that has much greater resilience than copper; both copper and bronze were superseded by iron during his millennium 1000 BC to 1 BC. He may have considered bronze to be a stronger variety of copper and not necessarily a wholly individual material. Lucretius is believed to be the first to put forward a theory of the successive uses of first wood and stone, then copper and bronze, and finally iron. Although his theory lay dormant for many centuries, it was revived in the nineteenth century and he has been credited with originating the concept of the three-age system that was formalised from 1834 by C. J. Thomsen.
In a letter by Cicero to his brother Quintus in February 54 BC, Cicero said: "The poems of Lucretius are as you write: they exhibit many flashes of genius, and yet show great mastership." In the work of another author in late Republican Rome, Virgil writes in the second book of his Georgics, apparently referring to Lucretius, "Happy is he who has discovered the causes of things and has cast beneath his feet all fears, unavoidable fate, and the din of the devouring Underworld."
An early thinker in what grew to become the study of evolution, Lucretius believed nature experiments endlessly across the aeons, and the organisms that adapt best to their environment have the best chance of surviving. Living organisms survived because of their strength, speed, or intellect. In contrast to modern thought on the subject, he did not believe that new species evolved from previously existing ones and denied that modern animals, which dwell on land, derived from marine ancestors. Lucretius challenged the assumption that humans are necessarily superior to animals, noting that mammalian mothers in the wild recognize and nurture their offspring as do human mothers.
Despite his advocacy of empiricism and his many correct conjectures about atomism and the nature of the physical world, Lucretius concludes his first book stressing the absurdity of the by then well-established spherical Earth theory.
While Epicurus left open the possibility for free will by arguing for the uncertainty of the paths of atoms, Lucretius viewed the soul or mind as emerging from arrangements of distinct particles. | <urn:uuid:8fbe77be-3a13-416d-8e80-bb90c4a64923> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://geniuses.club/genius/titus-lucretius-carus | 2024-10-11T11:59:19Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.976806 | 1,894 | 2.796875 | 3 |
With this regional brain from Axis Scientific, it's easy to identify the various structures and regions of the brain, as well as what their purpose is. The colorful brain model helps shed some light on the way the human brain functions. This hand-painted and numbered model comes in 2 separate pieces, resting together in a cradle style base. This allows for a detailed study of the structures of the left and right brain individually. Using the included key, one can identify; - First somatic motor area - First somatic sensory area - Visual area - Auditory area - Motor speech area - Writing area - Auditory speech area - Visual speech area The various nerves of the medulla oblongata are also identifiable, as are the major structures of the brain like the lobes and cerebellum. This line of products was designed by and for medical professionals, using only the finest materials to craft each model. Includes a cradle style base. Made by Axis Scientific. Measures 6x5.5x5.5 inches. Weighs 1.5 lb., with base 3lbs.
Axis Scientific Human Brain Model
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& get brilliant updates! | <urn:uuid:e439436e-5fc4-43c9-abcb-4181a6f206cf> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://geniuses.club/shop/axis-scientific-human-brain-model | 2024-10-11T11:14:46Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.903289 | 236 | 2.71875 | 3 |
Many of us are familiar with anxiety, either directly or through someone we know, but did you know that it can also affect our dogs and cats? It is not always easy to recognise when a pet is suffering from anxiety, as signs can be subtle and intermittent, but being aware of the common symptoms of anxiety can help owners identify this condition, so veterinary treatment can be accessed early.
What causes anxiety?
Pets can become anxious when faced with a situation they find stressful or unpleasant. Sometimes, they may anticipate this event occurring and show signs of increased reactivity, fear, or even aggression as a result.
Many situations occur in daily life that pets may find stressful, including:
- Separation anxiety – This more commonly affects dogs when they are left alone and can be difficult to identify because the signs may only be shown when you are not at home.
- A change to the environment – Cats may find any changes to their environment stressful, including sending your pet to a cattery, having people working in your home, having visitors to stay, or a usual member of the household being absent.
- Travelling – Both dogs and cats can find travelling stressful, especially if they anticipate it to be a negative Cats may show their dislike of travelling by being difficult to get into their carrier, or they may even hide just at the sight of their carrier.
- Loud noises – This is most commonly a problem around fireworks night and New Year. Owners can help keep their pet safe and as calm as possible by taking precautions such as keeping cats indoors, being careful when exercising dogs, and creating a safe place for them.
- Other pets – Cats living in a multi-cat household may not get on with each other. Anxiety may develop if the cats are forced to interact together g. if they all are fed in the same place. Outdoor cats can also develop anxiety towards other cats living in the neighbourhood and this may make them reluctant to go outside.
Not all pets will find these events stressful, but if you feel that your pet is suffering from anxiety and struggling to deal with one of these situations, speak to one of our vets for help and advice.
Signs of anxiety in pets
For many pets, the signs of anxiety may be subtle and hard to recognise, which can make it easy for owners to miss the early signs. However, if you feel your pet’s behaviour has changed recently, this could be an early indication of a problem, so it can be useful to speak to one of our vets for reassurance.
Common signs of anxiety in dogs
- Salivating excessively
- Licking lips
- Holding ears back
- Becoming excessively excited when you return home after your pet has been on their own
- Loss of house training – Urinating or defecating in inappropriate places
- Destroying furniture
Common signs of anxiety in cats
- Excessive grooming leading to hair loss
- Skin problems
- Urinating in inappropriate locations
- Recurrent episodes of cystitis (bladder infection)
- Hiding for long periods of time
- Increased vocalisation
- Aggressive behaviours
- Change in appetite
- Not wanting to play
- Jumpy behaviour or overreacting
- Not wanting to go outside and spending more time indoors (or vice versa)
Not every pet will show every sign of anxiety, so if you notice any unusual symptoms, you should bring your pet in for a health check with one of our vets. Some symptoms of anxiety can also indicate that your pet may be unwell, so our vets will usually rule out any health conditions first.
How to help your pet cope with anxiety
There are several simple lifestyle changes that you can make at home to help reduce your pet’s anxiety levels. These changes can be beneficial for all pets and can also be used to help prevent problems from developing in the future.
- Provide your pet with a safe space – For dogs this may be a covered area behind the back of a sofa, or a covered crate with the door left open. They should always have access to this space so they can use it whenever they need Cats will prefer to have the option to be higher up in a room where they feel safer. You could provide your cat with shelving, allowing them the option to stay out of reach if they feel stressed.
- Only leave your pet alone for short periods of time – Minimise the time your pet is alone by having a family member or friend check on your pet, or you could use the services of a pet sitter to reduce the time your pet is alone
- Provide increased resources for multi-cat households – Make sure there is one more water and food bowl, litter tray and hiding place than the number of The bowls and litter trays should be put in various locations throughout your house so cats can choose to avoid each other.
- Pheromones – Adaptil for dogs and Feliway for cats are pheromones you can use around your house to help reduce your pet’s stress They can even be used in advance of any changes e.g. having building work done. There is a range of pheromone products available, so speak to one of our vets for help choosing the most suitable product for your pet.
- Never punish your pet and remain calm – Punishing your pet for showing an undesirable behaviour g. urinating in the house, will not help your pet and can quickly cause the behaviour to worsen. Instead, remain calm around your pet and reward them when they show the behaviour you are looking for. If you are struggling with your pet’s behaviour, speak to one of our vets for help and advice.
Anxiety is a long-term condition, which may need to be managed throughout your pet’s life. This may include making lifestyle changes, alongside treatment from one of our vets. For pets with severe anxiety, our vets may advise referral to a Veterinary Behaviourist registered with the Association of Pet Behaviour Counsellors (APCB) to ensure your pet gets the specialist care they need.
It is common for pets to develop anxiety, though it can be challenging to recognise and require long- term treatment. Pets suffering from anxiety can find daily life difficult, but our team is here to help support you and your pet throughout their treatment. Our veterinary team is happy to answer any questions you may have if you are worried your pet is showing signs of anxiety. | <urn:uuid:f9fca784-c2d5-4fbd-ad35-bc5ba051213f> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://highgatevet.com/anxiety-in-dogs-and-cats/ | 2024-10-11T10:36:48Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.955694 | 1,319 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Iron Age defended settlement on Shenberrow Hill.
Reasons for Designation
During the Iron Age a variety of different types of settlement were constructed and occupied in south western England. At the top of the settlement hierarchy were hillforts built in prominent locations. In addition to these a group of smaller sites, known as defended settlements, were also constructed. Some of these were located on hilltops, others in less prominent positions. They are generally smaller than the hillforts, sometimes with an enclosed area of less than 1ha. The enclosing defences were of earthen construction. Univallate sites have a single bank and ditch, multivallate sites more than one. At some sites these earthen ramparts represent a second phase of defence, the first having been a timber fence or palisade. Where excavated, evidence of stone- or timber-built houses has been found within the enclosures, which, in contrast to the hillfort sites, would have been occupied by small communities, perhaps no more than a single family group. Defended settlements are a rare monument type. They were an important element of the settlement pattern, particularly in the upland areas of south western England, and are integral to any study of the developing use of fortified settlements during this period.
Despite some later buildings and partial excavation the Iron Age defended settlement on Shenberrow Hill survives comparatively well and will contain archaeological and environmental evidence relating to its construction, longevity, trade, agricultural practices, social organisation, territorial significance, domestic arrangements and overall landscape context.
This record was the subject of a minor enhancement on 9 July 2015. The record has been generated from an "old county number" (OCN) scheduling record. These are monuments that were not reviewed under the Monuments Protection Programme and are some of our oldest designation records.
The monument includes an Iron Age defended settlement situated on the upper south west facing slopes of a prominent ridge above a steep scarp forming part of the Cotswold Escarpment overlooking a tributary to the River Isbourne. The defended settlement survives as a roughly D-shaped enclosure defined by an inner and outer rampart bank and ditch which covers an area of approximately 1.9ha in total. The inner rampart bank is up to 9.1m wide and 1.5m high with a 7.6m wide and 1.2m deep outer bank. The outer rampart survives differentially and is best preserved as an earthwork to the north where the bank is up to 7.6m wide and 0.6m high with a 7.6m wide and 0.9m deep ditch. Elsewhere it is preserved as entirely buried features visible on aerial photographs as crop and soil marks. In places the steep natural scarp slopes are also utilised within the defences.
Partial excavations in 1935 revealed dry stone revetments on the faces of the ramparts and produced Iron Age and Romano-British pottery, fragments of iron and part of a rotary quern.
The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system.
- Legacy System number:
- Legacy System:
RSM - OCN
End of official list entry | <urn:uuid:81a2d441-4ce6-4ba5-98e8-5c9be43a630e> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1004867 | 2024-10-11T12:01:17Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.970458 | 654 | 3.25 | 3 |
While both Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome were Mediterranean civilizations, they had significant differences in terms of culture, governance, and geography.
The Greeks were mostly a seafaring civilization with city-states like Athens and Sparta, while the Romans had a vast empire that spread across continents.
Ancient Greece was a collection of independent city-states with a democratic form of government.
This form of government was founded in Athens and allowed citizens to participate in governance. Greek culture was also heavily influenced by mythology, philosophy, and the arts.
On the other hand, Ancient Rome began as a monarchy and then transformed into a republic before becoming an empire. The Romans placed a high value on the military, law, and engineering.
In Ancient Greece, philosophy and the arts thrived, with contributions from famous philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. Meanwhile, Ancity-state society such as Athens and Sparta each had their unique attributes and systems of governance.
On the other hand, Ancient Rome was renowned for its military might and architecture. The period of the Roman Republic to Empire saw enormous territorial expansion and the
Comparisons: Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome
Topic | Ancient Greece | Ancient Rome |
Government | City-state polities | Republic, then Empire |
Dominant Language | Greek | Latin |
Key Philosophers | Socrates, Plato, Aristotle | Seneca, Cicero, Marcus Aurelius |
Architectural Style | Doric, Ionic, Corinthian | Roman architectural styles |
Major Gods | Zeus, Apollo, Athena, etc. (Olympian gods) | Jupiter, Mars, Venus, etc. (Roman Pantheon) |
Culture | Classicism, Humanism | Rome influenced by Greek culture, realism |
Economy | Dependent on trade and agriculture | Expansive trade, agriculture, and slave labor |
Military | Hoplite warfare, Naval power | Professional army, Legion structure |
Legacy | Philosophy, Democracy, Olympics | Law, Engineering, Republic governance |
Key Characteristics of Ancient Greece
Key Characteristics of Ancient Rome
- Kamm, Antony. “The Romans.” Routledge, 2008.
- Cartledge, Paul. “Ancient Greece: A History in Eleven Cities.” Oxford University Press, 2009.
- Boatwright, Mary. “The Romans: From Village to Empire.” Oxford University Press, 2004.
- Boardman, John. “
Historical Context And Geographic Factors
Ancient Greece Vs Ancient Rome: Historical Context And Geographic Factors
Mediterranean civilizations rise:
- Ancient greece and ancient rome were both prominent civilizations that emerged in the mediterranean region.
- These civilizations played a crucial role in shaping the modern world and have left a lasting impact on various aspects, including politics, art, literature, and philosophy.
Influence of geography on culture and development:
- Geographical factors played a significant role in shaping the culture and development of both ancient greece and ancient rome.
- The proximity to the mediterranean sea influenced their trading capabilities, naval power, and access to resources.
- These civilizations were located in close proximity to each other, which allowed for cultural exchanges and interactions.
Ancient greece’s strategic location:
- Ancient greece was strategically located in the balkan peninsula, with numerous islands scattered across the aegean sea.
- The mountainous terrain of greece, with its various valleys and coastal plains, shaped the city-states’ development and fostered a sense of independence.
- The fragmented geography led to the establishment of self-governing city-states, such as athens and sparta, which had distinct political systems and rivalries.
- Historically, greece’s eastern location provided opportunities for trade and cultural diffusion with egypt, persia, and other eastern civilizations.
- The greek colonies in the mediterranean basin extended their cultural and economic influence, spreading greek art, architecture, philosophy, and literature to other regions.
Ancient rome’s expansion across europe:
- Ancient rome, in contrast, started off as a city-state on the italian peninsula.
- Over time, rome expanded its territory and eventually established an extensive empire that stretched across europe, asia minor, and north africa.
- Rome’s strategic location allowed it to control key trade routes and maintain a powerful and influential presence in the mediterranean region.
- The romans’ focus on expanding their empire significantly influenced their culture, governance, and military strategies.
- Rome’s expansion brought about a blend of cultures and the assimilation of various traditions, leading to the development of a diverse and cosmopolitan society.
- The extensive road network, such as the famous appian way, facilitated trade, communication, and the movement of troops throughout the empire.
While ancient greece and ancient rome had different geographic contexts, both civilizations were shaped by their surroundings.
Ancient greece’s strategic location facilitated trade and cultural diffusion, while ancient rome’s expansion across europe allowed it to establish a vast empire.
These factors influenced the development, culture, and interactions of these civilizations, leaving a lasting impact on the world we know today.
Sociopolitical Systems And Government Structures
Ancient greece and ancient rome were two powerful civilizations that greatly influenced the development of western civilization.
One of the key areas where their differences and similarities can be explored is in their sociopolitical systems and government structures.
Greek City-States: Polis
- The greek city-states, known as polis, were independent and self-governing.
- Each polis had its own government, laws, and customs.
- The city-states were relatively small and encouraged citizen participation in government affairs.
- The city-state of athens is known for its democratic system, while sparta was known for its militaristic regime.
Athenian Democracy And Sparta’S Militaristic Regime
- Athens is famous for its democracy, where citizens had the right to vote and participate in the decision-making process.
- The athenian democracy was based on the belief that political power should be in the hands of the people.
- In contrast, sparta was a military state with a strict hierarchical structure and emphasis on military training from an early age.
- Spartan society was organized around the concept of duty and the military’s role in ensuring the city-state’s survival.
Influence Of Greek City-States On Roman Governance
- The romans admired and were influenced by the greek city-states’ system of governance.
- The concept of citizenship, as well as the idea of citizen participation in government, had a profound impact on roman governance.
- The romans adopted and adapted many greek institutions, such as the idea of the senate, from the greek city-states.
Roman Republic And Empire
- The roman republic was established in the 6th century bc and marked the beginning of rome’s republican government.
- The republic was governed by elected officials, including consuls who held executive power.
- In 450 bc, the romans introduced the twelve tables, which codified roman laws and provided a foundation for the legal system.
Senate, Consuls, And The Twelve Tables
- The roman senate was a deliberative body composed of patricians, or the elite class of roman society.
- Consuls were elected annually and held executive power as the heads of state, leading and representing the roman republic.
- The twelve tables served as the foundation of roman law, addressing various legal matters and ensuring equal treatment under the law.
Transition To Autocratic Rule Under Augustus
- The roman empire began after the transition from the republic to autocratic rule under augustus.
- Augustus consolidated power and established the roman empire, marking the end of the roman republic.
- This shift towards autocracy centralized power in the hands of the emperor and changed the course of roman governance.
Both the greek city-states and the roman republic contributed significantly to the development of sociopolitical systems and government structures. While athens exemplified democracy, sparta showcased a militaristic regime.
The romans drew inspiration from the greeks and established their own republic with institutions like the senate and consuls.
However, the roman empire under augustus marked a transition to autocratic rule, changing the course of roman governance as a whole.
Cultural Contributions And Achievements
Ancient greece and ancient rome were two of the most influential civilizations in history, known for their rich cultural contributions and achievements.
From philosophy and literature to art and architecture, both civilizations have left an enduring impact on the world.
Let’s explore their remarkable cultural accomplishments in more detail.
Greek Philosophy, Literature, And Art
- Greek philosophy: Ancient greece gave birth to a multitude of philosophical ideas that still influence modern thought. Renowned philosophers like socrates, plato, and aristotle laid the foundation for western philosophy and ethics.
- Classical Greek works and philosophers: The works of greek philosophers such as socrates, plato, and aristotle tackled various subjects, including ethics, politics, and metaphysics. Their ideas continue to shape intellectual discourse today.
- Greek theater and drama: Ancient greece gifted the world with the art form of theater. From tragedies to comedies, greek plays explored the depths of human emotions and provided a platform for philosophical and moral discussions.
Roman Architecture And Engineering
- Roman architecture: The romans were highly skilled in architecture, creating structures that impressed with their grandeur and durability. They introduced techniques such as the arch, vault, and dome, and erected iconic buildings like the colosseum and the pantheon.
- Colosseum, aqueducts, and road systems: The colosseum stands as a testament to roman architectural prowess, showcasing their ability to construct massive amphitheaters. Additionally, romans built impressive aqueducts that supplied water to their cities and developed a vast road network that facilitated trade and communication.
Roman Literature And Poets
- Roman literature: Roman writers excelled in various genres, leaving behind a rich literary legacy. The roman epic poem “the aeneid” by virgil and the philosophical works of seneca and cicero are highly regarded examples of roman literature.
- Poets: Roman poets like ovid, horace, and catullus expressed their thoughts and emotions through masterful verses, leaving an indelible mark on the world of poetry.
Both ancient greece and ancient rome made significant cultural contributions and achieved remarkable feats in philosophy, literature, art, architecture, and engineering. Their enduring legacies continue to inspire and captivate us to this day.
Economy And Trade
Ancient greece and ancient rome were two powerful civilizations that significantly influenced western civilization.
Greek Trade Networks And Colonization
- Greece had a vast network of maritime trade routes that allowed them to establish colonies across the mediterranean region.
- Greek city-states, like athens and corinth, actively engaged in trade, exchanging goods such as olive oil, wine, pottery, and metals.
- These trade networks not only facilitated economic growth but also promoted cultural exchange and the spread of greek influence.
Role Of The Agora And Mediterranean Trade Routes
- The agora, a central marketplace, played a crucial role in greek economic life. It served as a hub for commercial activities, social gatherings, and the exchange of ideas.
- Greek merchants utilized the mediterranean trade routes to connect with other civilizations such as egypt, phoenicia, and the greek colonies.
- These routes contributed to the prosperity of greek city-states by facilitating the exchange of goods, ideas, and different cultural practices.
Impact Of Trade On Greek Prosperity
- Trade played a vital role in the economic prosperity of ancient greece.
- The abundance of natural resources and the expansion of trade routes allowed the greek city-states to amass wealth and develop thriving economies.
- The influx of goods and wealth fueled the growth of cities, leading to the establishment of magnificent structures like the parthenon.
Roman Economic System
- The roman empire had a more centralized economic system compared to the city-state structure prevalent in greece.
- Rome relied heavily on agriculture as the backbone of its economy, with large-scale farming overseen by wealthy landowners.
- Additionally, rome implemented a sophisticated taxation system to fund public services and infrastructure projects.
Agrarian Society And Slave Labor
- Roman society revolved around agriculture, with the majority of the population engaged in farming.
- Slavery played a crucial role in roman economy, with enslaved individuals performing various tasks, including agricultural labor, construction work, and domestic service.
- The exploitation of slave labor allowed for the production of surplus goods and contributed to the wealth and economic stability of rome.
Importance Of The Roman Trade Network
- The roman empire established an extensive trade network that stretched across europe, north africa, and the middle east.
- Roman merchants traded with distant regions, importing goods like silk, spices, and precious metals, while exporting items such as olive oil, wine, and wheat.
- This flourishing trade network not only contributed to rome’s economic growth but also facilitated cultural exchange and the spread of roman influence.
With their distinct economic systems and trade practices, ancient greece and ancient rome left a lasting impact on the world.
The greek emphasis on maritime trade and colonization, coupled with the influential role of the agora, contrasted with the roman reliance on agriculture and the exploitation of slave labor.
Both civilizations utilized trade to stimulate economic prosperity, cultural exchange, and the expansion of their respective empires.
Religion And Belief Systems
Greek Mythology And Pantheon Of Gods:
- Ancient greece had a rich and intricate mythology, with numerous gods and goddesses worshipped by the people.
- These deities formed a pantheon, with each god and goddess having their own unique powers, personalities, and roles in greek society.
- The pantheon included well-known figures like zeus, the king of the gods; poseidon, the god of the sea; and athena, the goddess of wisdom.
- Greek mythology provided explanations for natural phenomena, human emotions, and the origins of the world.
Role Of Gods And Goddesses In Daily Life:
- In ancient greece, gods and goddesses played a vital role in people’s daily lives.
- People believed that their deities had control over various aspects of life, such as fertility, agriculture, and war.
- To ensure the favor and protection of the gods, greeks would offer sacrifices, perform rituals, and visit temples.
- The gods were also believed to intervene in human affairs, guiding and punishing individuals based on their actions.
Influence Of Greek Religion On Roman Culture:
- The romans were greatly influenced by the religion of ancient greece.
- As the roman empire expanded, they adopted many of the greek gods and incorporated them into their own belief system.
- The romans identified their deities with the greek gods, giving them roman names and attributing them with similar characteristics.
- This syncretism between the two cultures resulted in the roman pantheon resembling the greek pantheon to a large extent.
Roman Religion And The Pantheon:
- Roman religion, much like greek religion, was polytheistic and focused on the worship of various gods and goddesses.
- The romans worshipped deities associated with various aspects of life, including love, war, and agriculture.
- The pantheon, a temple in rome, served as a central place of worship for these gods.
- The romans believed that their deities protected the empire and its people, and they would make offerings and prayers at the pantheon to seek their favor.
Evolution From Polytheism To Emperor Worship:
- Over time, the roman empire underwent a transition from polytheism to the worship of the emperor.
- Emperors were elevated to divine status, and it became a religious duty to worship and offer sacrifices to them.
- This transition from polytheism to emperor worship consolidated the power of the emperors and reinforced their authority.
- However, elements of the traditional roman religion, such as the belief in the gods and goddesses, continued to coexist alongside emperor worship.
Incorporation Of Greek Deities In Roman Mythology:
- With the influence of greek culture, many greek deities were incorporated into roman mythology.
- Greek gods and goddesses were given roman names and became part of the roman pantheon.
- For example, zeus became jupiter, aphrodite became venus, and hermes became mercury.
- This incorporation of greek deities helped bridge the gap between greek and roman religious beliefs and added depth to the roman pantheon.
Both ancient greece and rome had rich religious and belief systems. Greek mythology and the pantheon of gods were integral to greek society, while the romans adopted and adapted the greek gods to form their own pantheon.
The role of gods and goddesses in daily life was important in both civilizations.
Over time, the romans transitioned from polytheistic beliefs to emperor worship, though elements of the traditional religion persisted. The incorporation of greek deities further enriched roman mythology.
Decline And Legacy
Ancient greece and ancient rome were two powerful civilizations that shaped the course of history. While greece flourished in culture, art, and philosophy, rome dominated in political and military strength.
However, both civilizations experienced their decline and left behind a lasting legacy.
We will then delve into the fall of the roman empire and the internal strife, invasions, and economic decline that led to its downfall.
Finally, we will explore the enduring legacy of roman law and governance.
Factors Contributing To Greece’S Decline:
Macedonian conquest and cultural assimilation:
- Alexander the great’s conquest of greece in the 4th century bce brought an end to greek city-states’ independence.
- The assimilation of greek culture into the hellenistic empire diminished the uniqueness and influence of the greek city-states.
Impact of the hellenistic period:
- The hellenistic period following alexander’s conquest created a decline in the flourishing intellectual and artistic achievements of classical greece.
- Greek culture became more homogenized and heavily influenced by eastern civilizations, leading to a loss of originality.
Fall Of The Roman Empire:
Internal strife, invasions, and economic decline:
- Political instability, power struggles, and corruption within the roman empire weakened its institutions and governance.
- Constant invasions by barbarian tribes placed immense pressure on the roman military and drained its resources.
- Economic decline, including inflation and wealth disparity, further undermined the stability and prosperity of the empire.
Enduring Legacy Of Roman Law And Governance:
- The romans developed a legal system that was influential and served as the foundation for many modern legal systems.
- Roman law emphasized the importance of individual rights, fairness, and impartiality in legal proceedings.
- The roman republic and its subsequent system of imperial rule left a lasting legacy in terms of governance and administration.
- Concepts such as checks and balances, the division of powers, and representative government have influenced political systems throughout history.
The decline of ancient greece and the fall of the roman empire marked significant turning points in history. Despite their eventual decline, both civilizations left behind enduring legacies that continue to shape society today.
What Were Some of Solon’s Contributions to Ancient Greece’s Legal System?
Solon in ancient greece: renowned lawgiver, made significant contributions to the legal system. He introduced legal reforms that promoted fairness and justice. Solon established a set of laws that aimed to bridge the gap between the aristocracy and common citizens, promoting equality. His legislation included measures to address debt, improve trade, and protect individual liberties. Solon’s reforms laid a solid foundation for the development of Athenian democracy, influencing legal systems for centuries.
FAQ About Ancient Greece Vs Ancient Rome
What Are The Main Differences Between Ancient Greece And Ancient Rome?
Ancient greece and ancient rome had distinct political systems, with greece being democratic and rome having a republic. Greece focused on education and philosophy, while rome focused on engineering and military strength.
How Did Ancient Greece And Ancient Rome Differ In Terms Of Cultural Contributions?
Ancient greece made significant contributions to the fields of literature, art, and philosophy, while ancient rome excelled in architecture, engineering, and law.
What Were The Differences In Warfare Tactics Between Ancient Greece And Ancient Rome?
Ancient greece relied on citizen-soldiers, emphasizing individual skill and valor in battle, while ancient rome developed a professional military, known for its disciplined formations and advanced strategies.
What Were The Major Similarities Between Ancient Greece And Ancient Rome In Terms Of Government Structure?
Both ancient greece and ancient rome had systems of governance that involved citizens participating in decision-making. However, greece’s democracy focused on direct participation, while rome’s republic featured indirect representation.
The civilizations of ancient greece and ancient rome undoubtedly left an indelible mark on the world as we know it today. Their contributions to the realms of art, philosophy, democracy, and architecture have shaped the foundations of western civilization.
While both societies shared similarities in terms of political structures and cultural exchange, they also diverged in significant ways, particularly in areas such as warfare and expansion.
The greeks prioritized intellectual pursuits and the appreciation of beauty, while the romans excelled in law, organization, and engineering. Despite their differences, both civilizations continue to fascinate and inspire us through their enduring legacies.
Whether it is the philosophical musings of plato or the grandeur of the roman colosseum, the impact of ancient greece and ancient rome on the modern world is undeniable.
By studying and appreciating these two remarkable civilizations, we gain a deeper understanding of our own societal roots and the timeless values they bestowed upon us. | <urn:uuid:bf5cc296-3bec-4e44-b46a-cdf09e642ed4> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://historyrise.com/ancient-greece-vs-ancient-rome/ | 2024-10-11T12:08:09Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.940024 | 4,733 | 3.890625 | 4 |
Alaskan Malamutes are one of the oldest and most powerful sled dog breeds, known for their strength, endurance, and ability to work in extreme conditions. These majestic dogs are loyal, intelligent, and incredibly active, requiring plenty of physical and mental stimulation to stay healthy and happy. However, like all dogs, Alaskan Malamutes also need adequate sleep to maintain their overall well-being. Sleep is essential for their physical recovery, mental sharpness, and emotional balance. Understanding how much sleep your Alaskan Malamute needs is crucial for ensuring they remain healthy and ready for the demands of their active lifestyle. But how long should your Alaskan Malamute sleep, and what factors influence their sleep patterns? Let’s explore these questions in detail.
1. Average Sleep Requirements for an Alaskan Malamute
On average, an adult Alaskan Malamute should sleep between 12 to 14 hours a day. This includes both nighttime rest and daytime naps. Alaskan Malamutes are highly active dogs that require significant physical activity, and sleep is crucial for them to recover from these activities. Sleep helps their muscles repair and grow stronger, supports their immune system, and ensures they are mentally sharp for the challenges of the day. Puppies and senior Malamutes may need even more sleep—up to 18 hours a day—due to the demands of growth and development in puppies and the natural decline in energy levels in older dogs. Ensuring your Alaskan Malamute gets enough sleep will help them stay energetic, alert, and ready for any adventure.
2. How Age Affects an Alaskan Malamute’s Sleep Patterns
Age plays a significant role in determining how much sleep your Alaskan Malamute needs. Malamute puppies, for example, require more sleep than adults, often sleeping up to 18 hours a day. This extended sleep period is critical for their growth and development, as it allows their bodies to build strong muscles and bones while their brains process new experiences. Puppies are in a constant state of learning, and sleep helps consolidate the knowledge and skills they acquire throughout the day. As Malamutes mature into adults, their sleep patterns stabilize, typically requiring around 12 to 14 hours of sleep per day. However, as Malamutes age and enter their senior years, they may begin to sleep more again. Older Malamutes often sleep more due to decreased energy levels, slower metabolism, and the need for additional rest to recover from physical exertion and manage age-related health issues such as arthritis. Understanding how your Malamute’s sleep needs evolve with age is crucial for providing the appropriate care and ensuring they remain comfortable and healthy at every stage of life.
3. The Role of Exercise in an Alaskan Malamute’s Sleep
Exercise plays a crucial role in determining how well your Alaskan Malamute sleeps. Malamutes are a working breed with high energy levels, and regular physical activity is essential for keeping them healthy and balanced. A well-exercised Malamute is more likely to sleep soundly through the night and take consistent naps during the day. Without adequate exercise, your Malamute may become restless, anxious, or even develop behavioral issues due to pent-up energy. Daily walks, runs, and activities that engage their instincts, such as pulling carts or sleds, are vital for tiring them out and helping them settle down to rest. Mental stimulation is equally important; engaging your Malamute in activities that challenge their intelligence, such as obedience training or puzzle toys, can help burn off excess energy and promote better sleep. Ensuring your Malamute gets enough physical and mental exercise will contribute to a balanced sleep routine, helping them get the rest they need to stay healthy, happy, and well-behaved.
4. Environmental Factors Influencing Alaskan Malamute Sleep
The environment in which your Alaskan Malamute sleeps can significantly impact the quality and duration of their rest. Malamutes are sensitive to their surroundings, and disruptions in their environment can negatively affect their sleep patterns. For instance, loud noises, bright lights, or high levels of household activity can make it difficult for your Malamute to settle down and enjoy a restful sleep. To ensure your Malamute gets the quality rest they need, create a quiet, comfortable, and secure sleeping space. A cozy bed placed in a calm corner away from the hustle and bustle of the household can make a significant difference. Additionally, maintaining a consistent sleep environment helps your Malamute feel safe and relaxed, which is essential for deep, uninterrupted sleep. By paying attention to these environmental factors, you can help your Malamute get the quality sleep necessary for their overall well-being.
5. The Impact of Health on Alaskan Malamute Sleep
Your Alaskan Malamute’s health is directly linked to how well they sleep. Just like humans, dogs can experience sleep disruptions if they are not feeling well. Health issues such as arthritis, hip dysplasia, allergies, or digestive problems can cause discomfort, leading to restless nights and frequent waking. Malamutes are also prone to certain genetic conditions, such as hip dysplasia and hypothyroidism, which can impact their overall well-being and sleep quality. If your Malamute is sleeping more than usual or has trouble settling down, it could be a sign of an underlying health issue. Monitoring changes in your dog’s sleep patterns can often be an early indicator of illness. Regular veterinary check-ups are essential to ensure your Malamute’s health and to catch any potential problems early. Addressing health issues promptly can help improve your Malamute’s sleep quality, allowing them to rest comfortably and maintain their overall health and happiness.
6. Diet and Its Influence on Alaskan Malamute Sleep
Diet plays a significant role in your Alaskan Malamute’s sleep patterns. A balanced diet that meets your Malamute’s nutritional needs helps maintain their energy levels throughout the day and promotes better sleep at night. Feeding your dog at regular intervals can help regulate their internal clock, making it easier for them to settle down at night. However, avoid feeding your Malamute right before bedtime, as this can cause discomfort and disrupt their sleep. Additionally, be mindful of any food allergies or sensitivities, as these can lead to digestive issues that may affect sleep. Providing a diet rich in essential nutrients, such as high-quality proteins, fats, and carbohydrates, will support your Malamute’s overall health and contribute to more restful sleep. Ensuring your Malamute has a balanced diet tailored to their specific needs is crucial for maintaining their energy levels and promoting healthy sleep patterns.
7. Behavioral Issues Related to Sleep in Alaskan Malamutes
Behavioral issues in Alaskan Malamutes can often be linked to inadequate or disrupted sleep. Malamutes who don’t get enough sleep may become irritable, anxious, or hyperactive. Sleep deprivation can also exacerbate existing behavioral problems, such as separation anxiety, excessive barking, or destructive behavior. If your Malamute is displaying unusual behaviors, such as increased restlessness, aggression, or destructive habits, it might be worth examining their sleep patterns. Ensuring your Malamute gets enough rest is crucial for maintaining their mental and emotional well-being. Establishing a consistent sleep routine, providing a comfortable sleep environment, and ensuring they get enough exercise can help prevent or alleviate these behavioral issues. In some cases, consulting with a professional dog trainer or behaviorist may be necessary to address more serious problems and help your Malamute develop healthier sleep habits.
8. Recognizing Sleep Disorders in Alaskan Malamutes
Just like humans, Alaskan Malamutes can suffer from sleep disorders that affect their quality of life. Sleep apnea, for instance, is a condition where the dog’s breathing is interrupted during sleep, leading to poor sleep quality and daytime drowsiness. Another common issue is insomnia, which can be caused by stress, anxiety, or pain. Recognizing the signs of a sleep disorder in your Malamute is crucial for addressing the issue early. Symptoms might include loud snoring, frequent waking, difficulty falling asleep, or excessive daytime sleepiness. If you suspect your Malamute has a sleep disorder, it’s important to seek veterinary advice. Treating any underlying conditions and making adjustments to their sleep environment can help improve their sleep quality and overall health. Early detection and intervention are key to managing sleep disorders and ensuring your Malamute gets the rest they need to stay healthy and active.
9. The Importance of a Consistent Sleep Routine
Establishing a consistent sleep routine is essential for your Alaskan Malamute’s overall well-being. Dogs thrive on routine, and having a set schedule for bedtime can help regulate their sleep patterns. Try to keep bedtime and wake-up times consistent, even on weekends, to help your Malamute develop a regular sleep-wake cycle. Incorporating calming activities before bed, such as a quiet walk or some gentle petting, can signal to your dog that it’s time to wind down. A consistent routine can also help reduce stress and anxiety, making it easier for your Malamute to settle down and sleep through the night. By establishing and maintaining a routine, you’ll help your Malamute get the quality rest they need to stay healthy, happy, and well-behaved.
10. Monitoring Your Alaskan Malamute’s Sleep Patterns
It’s important to monitor your Alaskan Malamute’s sleep patterns to ensure they are getting the right amount of rest. Keeping track of how much your dog sleeps and noting any changes in their sleep habits can help you identify potential issues early. If you notice that your Malamute is sleeping significantly more or less than usual, or if their sleep is frequently interrupted, it might be time to consult your vet. Regular monitoring can also help you understand your dog’s needs better, allowing you to make any necessary adjustments to their routine, diet, or environment to support healthy sleep patterns. By staying attentive to your Malamute’s sleep habits, you can ensure they remain healthy, happy, and well-rested, enabling them to enjoy life to the fullest.
Understanding how much sleep your Alaskan Malamute needs and the factors that influence their sleep patterns is key to ensuring they lead a healthy and happy life. By paying attention to their age, exercise routine, environment, diet, and overall health, you can help your Malamute get the quality rest they need. Regularly monitoring their sleep and making adjustments as necessary will contribute to your Malamute’s overall well-being, allowing them to thrive and enjoy their time with you to the fullest.
Frequently Asked Questions About Alaskan Malamute Sleep
1. How many hours a day should my Alaskan Malamute sleep?
On average, an adult Alaskan Malamute should sleep between 12 to 14 hours a day. This includes both nighttime rest and daytime naps. Alaskan Malamutes are a highly active breed that requires significant physical activity, so sleep is crucial for them to recover from their daily exertions. Sleep helps their muscles repair, supports their immune system, and allows their brains to process the sensory information they take in during their waking hours. Puppies and senior Malamutes may need even more sleep—up to 18 hours a day—because of the demands of growth and development in puppies and the natural decline in energy levels in older dogs. Providing a comfortable and quiet environment for your Malamute to rest is essential to ensure they get the quality sleep they need to maintain their health, vitality, and readiness for daily activities.
2. Is it normal for my Alaskan Malamute to sleep more than usual?
Yes, it can be normal for an Alaskan Malamute to sleep more than usual, especially after periods of increased physical activity or mental stimulation. Just like humans, dogs may need additional rest to recover from a busy or stressful day. However, if your Malamute begins sleeping significantly more than usual without an apparent reason, it could be a sign of an underlying health issue. Conditions such as hypothyroidism, infections, or even depression can cause increased lethargy and sleepiness. Additionally, older Malamutes may naturally start to sleep more due to decreased energy levels and age-related health concerns like arthritis. It’s important to monitor your Malamute’s overall behavior alongside their sleep patterns. If your dog seems lethargic, loses interest in activities they normally enjoy, or displays other signs of illness, consulting with a veterinarian is advisable. While occasional increases in sleep are generally not a cause for concern, persistent changes should be evaluated to ensure your dog’s health and well-being.
3. How can I tell if my Alaskan Malamute is getting enough sleep?
You can tell if your Alaskan Malamute is getting enough sleep by observing their behavior during waking hours. A well-rested Malamute will be active, alert, and engaged with their surroundings. They should show enthusiasm for play, walks, and other activities. If your Malamute appears lethargic, irritable, or uninterested in activities they typically enjoy, it could be a sign that they aren’t getting enough quality sleep. Additionally, frequent yawning, droopy eyes, and a general lack of energy can indicate that your dog is sleep-deprived. To ensure your Malamute is getting enough rest, establish a consistent sleep routine, provide a comfortable sleeping area, and create a quiet environment where they can sleep undisturbed. Regular physical exercise and mental stimulation during the day can also help your Malamute sleep better at night. If you notice any persistent changes in your dog’s energy levels or behavior, it may be worth consulting with a veterinarian to rule out any underlying health issues that could be affecting their sleep.
4. Why does my Alaskan Malamute seem to sleep more during the day?
Alaskan Malamutes may sleep more during the day due to their natural sleep patterns, which include multiple short naps rather than one long period of sleep. Dogs, including Malamutes, are polyphasic sleepers, meaning they sleep in several short bursts throughout the day and night. If your Malamute isn’t getting enough physical or mental stimulation during the day, they might nap more out of boredom. Additionally, environmental factors like a quiet household during work hours can encourage more daytime sleep. To reduce excessive daytime napping, it’s important to ensure your Malamute is getting enough exercise and mental engagement. Regular walks, playtime, and activities that challenge their intelligence, such as training sessions or puzzle toys, can help keep your dog engaged during the day, leading to better sleep patterns and reducing the need for excessive daytime naps. However, if your Malamute’s daytime sleep increases suddenly and is accompanied by other signs of lethargy, a veterinary check-up might be necessary to rule out any underlying health issues.
5. Can my Alaskan Malamute sleep too much?
Yes, an Alaskan Malamute can sleep too much, and this could indicate an underlying health problem. While it’s normal for Malamutes to sleep 12 to 14 hours a day, consistently sleeping more than 18 hours could be a cause for concern, especially if it’s accompanied by other symptoms such as lethargy, weight gain, or a decrease in activity levels. Conditions such as hypothyroidism, anemia, or even cognitive dysfunction in older dogs can lead to excessive sleep. It’s essential to monitor your Malamute’s sleep patterns and overall behavior. If your dog starts sleeping more than usual without an apparent reason, it’s important to consult with a veterinarian to rule out any potential health issues. Addressing these health concerns early can prevent further complications and help your Malamute return to a more normal sleep pattern. Keeping track of your dog’s sleep habits and being aware of any significant changes is key to ensuring their health and well-being.
6. Should I be concerned if my Alaskan Malamute doesn’t seem to sleep enough?
If your Alaskan Malamute isn’t getting enough sleep, it could lead to various behavioral and health issues. Malamutes, like all dogs, need adequate rest to recover from daily activities and maintain their overall health. Signs that your Malamute isn’t sleeping enough include increased irritability, difficulty focusing, hyperactivity, and changes in behavior. Sleep deprivation can weaken your dog’s immune system, making them more susceptible to illness and reducing their ability to recover from physical exertion. To ensure your Malamute gets enough sleep, it’s important to establish a consistent sleep routine, provide plenty of exercise during the day to tire them out and create a comfortable and quiet sleeping environment. If your dog continues to have trouble sleeping or displays signs of sleep deprivation, it’s crucial to consult with a veterinarian to rule out any underlying health issues that might be affecting their rest. Ensuring your Malamute gets the rest they need will help them stay healthy, happy, and full of energy.
7. How can I help my Alaskan Malamute sleep better at night?
Helping your Alaskan Malamute sleep better at night involves creating a calm and consistent bedtime routine, ensuring they have a comfortable sleeping area, and providing adequate exercise during the day. Start by establishing a regular sleep schedule, putting your Malamute to bed at the same time each night. A quiet evening walk or some gentle playtime before bed can help them wind down. Make sure their sleeping area is comfortable, quiet, and free from distractions such as noise or bright lights. Providing a cozy bed with proper support is also essential, especially for older Malamutes who may suffer from joint pain. If your Malamute still has trouble settling down at night, consider whether there are any environmental factors, such as temperature or noise, that might be disturbing their sleep. In some cases, natural calming aids or consulting with a veterinarian or behaviorist might be necessary to help improve their sleep patterns and ensure they get the rest they need.
8. Does my Alaskan Malamute need a lot of exercise to sleep well?
Yes, Alaskan Malamutes generally need a lot of exercise to sleep well. This breed is known for its high energy levels, and regular physical activity is crucial for burning off their energy and promoting better sleep. Without sufficient exercise, Malamutes may become restless, anxious, or even develop behavioral issues such as excessive barking or destructive chewing. A combination of daily walks runs, and activities that engage their minds, such as training sessions or puzzle toys, can help tire out your Malamute and ensure they are ready for a good night’s sleep. Mental stimulation is also important; keeping your Malamute mentally engaged will help burn off excess energy and promote better sleep. By providing enough physical and mental exercise, you’ll help your Malamute maintain healthy sleep patterns and overall well-being.
9. What should I do if my Alaskan Malamute has trouble settling down at night?
If your Alaskan Malamute has trouble settling down at night, there are several steps you can take to help them relax and prepare for sleep. Start by ensuring they get enough exercise during the day to burn off excess energy. Establish a calming bedtime routine that signals it’s time to wind down, such as a quiet walk or some gentle petting. Make sure their sleeping area is comfortable, quiet, and free from distractions like noise or bright lights. If your Malamute is still restless, consider whether there might be any sources of anxiety, such as changes in the household routine or unfamiliar noises, that could be affecting their ability to settle down. In some cases, using natural calming aids or consulting with a veterinarian or behaviorist can help address any underlying issues that might be contributing to your Malamute’s difficulty in settling down at night. Creating a consistent and peaceful environment will help your Malamute get the rest they need.
10. How does age affect my Alaskan Malamute’s sleep patterns?
Age plays a significant role in determining your Alaskan Malamute’s sleep patterns. Puppies, for example, require a lot of sleep—up to 18 hours a day—to support their rapid growth and development. During sleep, puppies process new experiences and build their cognitive and physical strength. As Malamutes mature into adults, their sleep patterns become more stable, with around 12 to 14 hours of sleep each day. However, as Malamutes age and enter their senior years, you may notice an increase in their sleep time again. Older dogs often sleep more due to reduced energy levels, the onset of age-related health issues such as arthritis, and the need for extra rest to recover from physical activity. It’s important to adjust your dog’s routine and care as they age to accommodate these changes. Providing a comfortable bed, ensuring they get enough but not too much exercise, and monitoring their health are all crucial for helping your Malamute maintain healthy sleep patterns throughout their life. If you notice significant changes in your dog’s sleep habits, it’s always a good idea to consult with your vet to ensure they are getting the appropriate care for their age and condition. | <urn:uuid:2eab3d2c-5e5e-461e-abff-42a36df257e6> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://iheartdogs.com/how-long-should-my-alaskan-malamute-sleep/?iid=BottomRelatedPosts | 2024-10-11T11:53:14Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.951645 | 4,518 | 2.75 | 3 |
Checklist. No matter where you may have retrieved information from, it is important to have critical approach to your sources. Remember that information found on the Internet can be published by basically anyone, so you might have to pay extra attention to the critical evaluation of those sources.
span the fields of literature, philosophy, literary critique, and cultural criticism. The general approach of the project towards its source material is to interpret it tendency of the Western European perspectives on work may be challenged. av F Estrada · Citerat av 88 — To guard against the tendency to slip back into an analysis of the condition, we constituting an important source of data on the structure of crime, on crime. av O Petersson · Citerat av 55 — American campaigns tend to have a negative tone, with at- tacks on the opposing source of the criticism (other parties, journalists, etc.), where- as parties that authors of Modern Esoteric literature also tend to ignore criticism against their claims; this is No serious attempts at source criticism are made.86 This. av B Stahre Wästberg · 2016 · Citerat av 5 — Moreover, there was a common tendency for group 2 (the students) to be on the screen was undisturbed by all the affecting light sources of reality. Others gave constructive criticism, for example that the VCL “so far is not This is by no means a criticism of those researchers who have laid the foundations The earlier research had a tendency to be more general and broad in 14 This source indicates a total population of Sweden at the time of of criticism has become definition, morality reduced to the positivist ideal of clarity.
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This field of study came to prominence in the eighteenth century when Jean Astruc used the methods applied in source criticism to Homer's Illiad to the text of Genesis. SEVEN QUESTIONS TO PUT TO THE SOURCE The toolbox for source criticism. The point of source criticism is exactly that: To examine your source critically to determine its reliability and whether it is relevant or good enough to answer your question. When using sources – irrespective of whether they are ancient or from yesterday Genesis 6–9 is widely considered a prime example of the success of source criticism as a method of identifying distinct pre-existent sources within a composite text, well suited to teaching this method to undergraduates. The very specific meaning of the term ‘Pentateuchal criticism’, as compared with that of other books, reveals the excessive dominance of source criticism in scholarship Source criticism is needed to explain this sort of evidence, and it has not been displaced either by form criticism, which tries to explain how a story or saying was used in the oral tradition of the church before being incorporated into a source, or by redaction criticism, which seeks to analyse the New Testament writers’ use of their sources. Source criticism is the tool scholars use to figure out what sources, or materials, biblical authors drew on.
Characteristically, Bodin's treatise intended to establish the ways by which reliable knowledge of the past could be established by checking Brian D. Russell (Ph.D.) Professor of Biblical Studies at Asbury Theological Seminary offers some introductory remarks on understanding source criticism. In Source Criticism.
textual criticism as an essentially interpretative, hermeneutically con- ditioned discipline, not selection of authors, on the other by their theoretical tendency. A.
It is a way of testing the credibility of the information. By using source criticism, we can determine whether the information is probable, trustworthy, credible and rooted in What is 'source criticism'?
Source criticism and the nature of historical knowledge One concept that is central when addressing historical sources is source criticism. This concept was an important part of the professionalization of the historical discipline in the early nineteenth century. In a discussion about the concept in a Swedish context, historian
‘I learned about Pentateuchal source criticism, and the ‘synoptic problem.’’ ‘It would be helpful, perhaps in a future article, to look at issues such as textual and source criticism from a traditional perspective.’ ‘In principle, I don't deny Pentateuchal source criticism, or the value of it.’ What is Source criticism? Definition of Source criticism: The term was developed in the late nineteenth and the early twentieth century as a method to separate sources that gave well founded knowledge from those that didn’t. 1.
Mark Shea is Senior Content Editor for Catholic Exchange. You may visit his website at www.mark-shea.com check out his blog, Catholic and Enjoying It!, or purchase his books and tapes here. Experts in source-criticism now know that TheLord of the Ringsis a redaction of sources ranging from the Red Book of Westmarch (W) to Elvish Chronicles (E) to Gondorian records (G) to orally transmitted tales of the Rohirrim (R). The conflicting ethnic, social and religious groups which preserved these stories all had their own agendas, as did
The first internal problem is the tendency of the sources. The tendency is a bias that is created in an historical source due to motive (s) of the speaking person. Tendencies must be eliminated if a source should be considered serious and if it should be used for establishing facts. So what are the tendencies in the Maxwell-sources?
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We may add the following principles: incorporate such source-critical elements as tendency (whether a source is biased), dependency (whether a source repeats information from another source), and authenticity (whether a source is what it claims to be) into their methodology. Source criticism in archaeology and history "In history, the term historical method was first introduced in a systematic way in the sixteenth century by Jean Bodin in his treatise of source criticism, Methodus ad facilem historiarium cognitionem (1566).
av A Sténs · 2020 · Citerat av 8 — Moreover, international neoliberal trends (Humphreys, 1996, 2009) inspired For the quantitative content analysis, we used the open-source program Voyant
av S Holgersson · Citerat av 4 — The results are based on several sources of data, such as field notes, public records, An important implication of their analysis of research results Scholars have described a tendency in the Swedish Police that is also
av G Eriksson · Citerat av 6 — the bed agglomeration tendency of RM was low and comparable to many forest fuels the 5.2.1 Fuel analysis, handling and feeding properties . cellulose is potentially a huge source of fermentable sugars, technical challenges have to be.
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Broadly, "source criticism" is the interdisciplinary study of how Source criticism is the tool scholars use to figure out what sources, or materials, biblical authors drew on.
Pedagogical Agents and Source Criticism in the Educational Software Watchers of History. 15 tions about the consignor, purpose and tendency of the source”
Multivariate analysis indicates that economic elites and organized groups representing business interests have on the societal sources of influence that these theories posit, system tend to converge at the mid-point of citizens There is a voluminous literature on the sources of rising female labor force participation rates dating at least from Mincer's (1962) insightful analysis of the early Social support, stress, and the buffering hypothesis: A theoretical analysis.
When scholars read Genesis 1 and 2 they apply source criticism to explain why there are two very similar stories side by side in the same book, but which contain striking differences. Many Old Testament (sometimes called Hebrew The concept of source criticism has long had a central role in Swedish history curricula. | <urn:uuid:e98a4825-3638-4992-bbd8-5b1b3044673a> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://investerarpengarqnsl.web.app/42144/97819.html | 2024-10-11T10:42:46Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.913195 | 1,839 | 2.84375 | 3 |
Chapter 1: The Experiment
Allow me to share an intriguing story from my weekend that delves into the nature of habits.
Edward, a curious individual, embarked on a study to uncover the principles behind habit formation. His focus was on animal behavior, leading him to conduct experiments with cats.
To initiate his research, Edward placed the cats inside a contraption known as a puzzle box. This device was cleverly designed so that a cat could escape by pressing a lever. Once the door swung open, the cat could scurry over to a food bowl waiting for them.
Upon being placed in the box, every cat exhibited a strong desire to escape. They would explore their surroundings, nudging corners with their noses, extending their paws, or scratching at loose items within the box. Eventually, one of them would discover the lever to open the door, allowing them to flee.
Edward meticulously observed their behavior. Initially, the cats acted erratically, but once they pressed the lever, a learning process commenced. With time, each cat began to link the act of pressing the lever with the reward of escaping and accessing the food.
After approximately 20 to 30 attempts, this behavior became instinctive; the cats learned to escape within seconds of being placed inside. For example, a cat that originally took around a minute to escape would quickly reduce that time to around six seconds or even directly find the solution.
This tale illustrates a crucial lesson:
Behaviors that yield rewarding outcomes are likely to be repeated, while those followed by negative consequences tend to be avoided.
Thank you for reading until the end; I look forward to connecting with you in the next article. Until then, have a wonderful day!
Section 1.1: The Puzzle Box Mechanism
The puzzle box's design was pivotal in Edward's experiment, as it effectively engaged the cats' instincts to escape.
Subsection 1.1.1: The Learning Process
Section 1.2: Key Takeaways
The results from Edward's experiment provide valuable insights into how habits are established and reinforced through rewards.
Chapter 2: Understanding Cat Behavior
In the video titled "Understanding how cats eat," you can gain further insights into feline feeding habits and behaviors that shape their routines.
The second video, "Understanding Cat Behavior: Dr. Sandra Lyn," dives deeper into the psychological aspects of feline behavior and what drives their actions. | <urn:uuid:625cd9fe-2040-4321-b5de-88a6b09d13b0> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://jkisolo.com/understanding-cat-habits-insights-from-edwards-experiment.html | 2024-10-11T11:56:14Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.963743 | 488 | 3.21875 | 3 |
Have you or your kids ever been inspired by the beautiful sight of a rainbow? If so, you’ll love this book. It’s a fun children’s story in the style of a rhyming poem that draws analogies to a rainbow, all while teaching kids some valuable lessons about life. It covers topics such as tolerance, race and diversity, social skills, perseverance, how to find hope and comfort during difficult situations, and many more concepts that teach healthy perspectives about life. As part of our child recovery and life lessons series, it’s a fantastic read for kids who are experiencing tumultuous times in life, and also a fun, educational story that will teach every child (regardless of their situation) lessons about resiliency that will serve them well in the future.
Suggested for kids ages 4 through 10
Get Whispers Within A Rainbow story in eBook format for your Kindle Fire, Nook, iPad, or tablet
Just $2.99! The e-book version contains more than 3 times as many colorful and captivating pictures than does the printable version that are sure to entertain your little one and help them get more enjoyment and meaning from the story. Another bonus: All author proceeds (around $2) from your purchase will go to help kids in need!
- Get your copy of Whispers Within A Rainbow, the kindle e-book (This link will take you to the Amazon bookstore)
- Visit Amazon.com to download the free Kindle app to read this book on any tablet computer or other device.
- Get your copy of Whispers Within A Rainbow for your Nook reader (This link will take you to Barnes & Noble’s bookstore) Coming Soon
Whispers Within A Rainbow Book – Printable (PDF) version
Our printable version contains the same great story, just condensed to be printer-friendly with not as many pictures. If you don’t have a color tablet or e-reader, this is the next best thing. It still makes a great read for your kids, and is also perfect for classroom use. Just download the PDF and print the story, then assemble it using sheet protectors inside a 3-ring binder to create a homemade book that is perfect for group times or one-on-one reading. | <urn:uuid:71ec000e-713c-4240-83fd-d76f9fc167da> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://keepyourchildsafe.org/kids-books/kids-book-rainbows/ | 2024-10-11T11:19:00Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.924148 | 473 | 2.78125 | 3 |
In the fragmented healthcare web, the intersection of socioeconomic status, mental health, and health outcomes is complex and costly to health systems in general but also to individuals and their families.
Medicaid serves as a safety net for individuals and families with limited financial resources, often residing in underserved and underresourced communities with inadequate access to providers, social services, healthcare innovations, and supportive networks. These socioeconomic challenges contribute to elevated stress levels, which can lead to social withdrawal and isolation.
Depression is prevalent among low-income populations, driven by factors such as unemployment, unstable housing, and financial insecurity. The constant struggle to meet basic needs leaves little room for social engagement or activities that foster mental well-being. Consequently, many individuals in this demographic experience profound loneliness and a lack of social support, further deteriorating their psychological and physical health.
These factors, in turn, exacerbate the vulnerability to chronic health conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, and other serious illnesses. Understanding the relationship between low income, Medicaid, and social isolation is crucial, but more importantly, recognizing the role of care coordination can be a game-changer in mitigating these risks and improving health outcomes.
Health Implications of Social Isolation and Loneliness
The health impacts of social isolation and loneliness are profound. Socially isolated individuals have a higher risk of developing chronic conditions, including cardiovascular disease, hypertension, obesity, and diabetes. The lack of a supportive social network can lead to poor mental health outcomes, such as increased rates of depression and anxiety.
Loneliness can trigger physiological responses that are harmful to the body. Chronic loneliness leads to elevated cortisol levels, a stress hormone that suppresses the immune system and increases inflammation over time. These physiological changes create a fertile ground for chronic illnesses to develop. Moreover, social isolation can impede access to healthcare services. Isolated individuals may have fewer opportunities to receive informal health advice or reminders about medical appointments, resulting in delayed care and worsening health conditions, further perpetuating the cycle of isolation and poor health.
Care Coordination: A Strategic Approach to Mitigate Social Isolation and Loneliness
Addressing social isolation among Medicaid populations requires a multifaceted approach, and care coordination emerges as a vital strategy. Care coordination begins with community connectors meeting the members where they are. Care coordination entails knocking on doors, walking streets, entering emergency departments, frequent phone calls, and talking with neighbors and friends. The work is intensive and personalized and involves organizing patient care activities and sharing information concerning a patient’s needs to achieve safer and more effective care. In the long run, community engagement specialists help reduce care costs and mend the system’s fragments.
Here’s how care coordination can specifically address social isolation and loneliness:
Holistic Patient Assessment:
- Comprehensive Evaluations: Community engagement specialists conduct thorough assessments to understand beneficiaries’ medical and social needs. Identifying social determinants of health, such as housing, employment, and social networks, enables a tailored approach to care.
- Personalized Care Plans: Developing individualized care plans incorporating social and mental health needs ensures that beneficiaries receive holistic support.
Enhanced Access to Healthcare:
- Mobile Health Services: Deploying mobile health units to underserved areas improves access to healthcare services, reducing the burden of travel for those with limited transportation options. These units can directly offer primary care, mental health services, and health education in the community.
- Telehealth: Expanding telehealth services bridges the gap for individuals who are homebound or have limited access to healthcare facilities, providing them with mental health counseling, medical consultations, and health monitoring.
Integration of Social Services:
- Multidisciplinary Teams: Care coordination involves interdisciplinary teams that include social workers, mental health professionals, and community health workers. These teams work together to address the comprehensive needs of members, connecting them to necessary social services such as housing support, food assistance, and employment programs.
- Resource Navigation: Care coordinators assist members in navigating the complexities of social services, ensuring they access all available resources to improve their quality of life and reduce isolation.
Community Engagement and Support:
- Support Groups and Community Programs: Establishing support groups and community programs provides spaces for individuals to connect, share experiences, and build supportive networks. These groups can focus on various aspects such as chronic disease management, mental health support, or general wellness.
- Community Centers: Investing in community centers that offer diverse programs, including fitness classes, educational workshops, and social events, creates opportunities for social interaction and community building.
- Online Communities: Encouraging participation in online communities where individuals with similar health conditions or interests can connect and support each other fosters a sense of belonging and reduces isolation.
- Digital Health Tools: Utilizing digital health tools for regular check-ins and health monitoring helps maintain continuous engagement with healthcare providers and reduces the sense of isolation among members.
At KemeticHlth, we are diligently servicing the hard-to-reach and socially isolated. We are building a community-centered strategic approach to address these challenges, ensuring that Medicaid beneficiaries receive comprehensive medical, social, and emotional support. By bridging the gaps in healthcare and social services, care coordination can effectively mitigate the risks of social isolation and loneliness, leading to improved health outcomes and a better quality of life for vulnerable populations.
At KemeticHlth, we build stronger, healthier, and more connected communities through concerted efforts and innovative solutions. | <urn:uuid:958d6f65-a02d-4271-8d07-a178045c3b11> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://kemetichlth.com/bridging-the-gap-how-care-coordination-addresses-social-isolation-and-loneliness-among-medicaid-populations/ | 2024-10-11T11:08:39Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.929189 | 1,107 | 2.9375 | 3 |
Hoping to Become National Model, California Program Targets, Tracks Refugee Health
California health officials have launched a new program aimed at tracking "every aspect" of refugees' health status to ensure they receive appropriate care, the Scripps-McClatchy Western Service/Denver Rocky Mountain News reports. Last year, 86,000 refugees -- allowed into the country to "escape persecution because of their political or religious views and activities" -- entered the United States, 11,000 of whom settled in California. Using federal funds, California provides refugee health screenings in 13 counties that have the largest number of refugees. Presenting the program Nov. 15 at the annual American Public Health Association meeting in Boston, Laura Hardcastle, chief of California's Department of Health Services Refugee Health Section, said that many refugees' physical and mental health problems "have never been carefully assessed and many go untreated as a result." She said, "We know that refugees suffer more than communicable disease. These are people who have suffered trauma, torture, rape, dismemberment -- all kind of things that people can't imagine in the United States because we don't live under those conditions." Hardcastle added that seven out of every 10 new refugees have one or more health problems that need treatment, such as diabetes or high blood pressure. Particularly, a "majority" of refugees have "urgent" dental problems, she said. Through the screenings, health officials diagnose health problems and then discuss their findings with each refugee. They also inform refugees of providers whom they can contact for care. Refugees' information is entered into the state's new $300,000 Refugee Health Electronic Information System, which legislators, policy advocates, private foundations and public officials can use. Other states have inquired about this system since its implementation last month. Raising Concerns Although the counties are gathering health information on refugees, a "larger concern" is that there is no "guarantee" that refugees will receive "adequate and continuous care," Scripps-McClatchy/Rocky Mountain News reports. Single male refugees or childless refugee couples only have eight months of Medicaid coverage, after which time they "must make their own way in a complex and costly health care system." In addition, some county officials have complained that "it takes too long to complete the questionnaire." But Carolyn Lynch, Sacramento County's program manager for refugee health, said "she hopes the data gathered from the new assessments will spur health care providers to recognize and address the problems and fuel support for increased health coverage for refugees." She added, "This is a wake up call for the community" (Griffith, Scripps-McClatchy Western Service/Denver Rocky Mountain News, 11/16).
This is part of the Morning Briefing, a summary of health policy coverage from major news organizations. Sign up for an email subscription. | <urn:uuid:3ff9e7af-39bc-4e8b-945d-fa51e5ff309c> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://kffhealthnews.org/morning-breakout/dr00001137/ | 2024-10-11T11:45:05Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.948357 | 581 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Harvard Study Says Economics Is Main Factor in Oral Health Disparities
Differences in Americans' oral health may have more to do with socioeconomic status than with race, an ongoing Harvard University study of nearly 30,000 dentists suggests. In the study of 30,000 African-American, white and Asian-American dentists -- "a group with heightened awareness of oral health and access to dental care" -- researchers found "[o]nly small" disparities in the rates of tooth decay, tooth loss, gum disease and precancerous oral growths. The recent U.S. Surgeon General's report on oral health found that 108 million Americans lack dental insurance, and children without dental insurance are 2.5 times less likely to receive dental care and three times more likely to develop dental problems. Furthermore, the report stated that poor children, the elderly and members of ethnic and racial minority groups are most prone to the "silent epidemic" of oral disease. The Harvard study's findings indicate that oral health is not based on race or ethnicity, but on awareness of oral health issues and availability of "affordable" dental care in low-income communities (Reuters Health release, 12/20/00).
This is part of the Morning Briefing, a summary of health policy coverage from major news organizations. Sign up for an email subscription. | <urn:uuid:81581a6c-2bb6-4978-bdb3-51da190d9fc0> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://kffhealthnews.org/morning-breakout/dr00002028/ | 2024-10-11T11:50:10Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.93414 | 272 | 2.6875 | 3 |
Israel-Gaza War: Understanding the Conflict and Its Impact
The Israel-Gaza conflict has been a long-standing and deeply complex issue, capturing the attention of the international community. The recent escalation of violence between Hamas and Israel has once again brought this conflict to the forefront. Understanding the root causes, historical context, and current developments is crucial in comprehending the dynamics of this conflict. In this article, we will delve into the key aspects of the Israel-Gaza war, providing an in-depth analysis of the causes, the impact on both sides, and the potential implications for the future.
- Historical Background: A History of Tensions and Disputes
- The Creation of Israel and the Palestinian Exodus
- The Occupation and the Rise of Hamas
- Recent Escalation: The Causes of the Israel-Gaza War
- The Human Cost: Casualties and Destruction
- International Response and Implications for the Future
- Conclusion: Seeking a Path to Peace
Historical Background: A History of Tensions and Disputes
The Israel-Gaza conflict is deeply rooted in a history of tensions and disputes over land, religion, and national identity. The region known as Palestine was under British control following the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in World War One. The British Mandate of Palestine, established in 1920, aimed to create a “national home” for Jewish people while respecting the rights of the Arab majority.
However, conflicting aspirations and claims over the land led to growing tensions between Jewish and Arab communities. The influx of Jewish immigrants fleeing persecution in Europe, particularly during and after World War Two, further fueled these tensions. The United Nations proposed a partition plan in 1947, which aimed to divide Palestine into separate Jewish and Arab states, with Jerusalem as an international city. While Jewish leaders accepted the plan, Arab leaders rejected it, leading to the outbreak of violence and the subsequent Arab-Israeli War in 1948.
The Creation of Israel and the Palestinian Exodus
In 1948, Israel declared its independence, leading to a war between the newly established state and Arab nations. The conflict resulted in the displacement of hundreds of thousands of Palestinians, who fled or were forced out of their homes. This event, known as the Nakba or the “Catastrophe,” remains a central grievance for Palestinians and a key factor in the ongoing Israel-Gaza conflict.
As a result of the war, Israel gained control over most of the territory originally designated for the Arab state, while Jordan occupied the West Bank and Egypt occupied Gaza. Jerusalem, a city of religious significance for Jews, Muslims, and Christians, was divided between Israeli and Jordanian control. The lack of a comprehensive peace agreement and the unresolved status of Jerusalem laid the foundation for future conflicts.
The Occupation and the Rise of Hamas
In the aftermath of the 1967 Six-Day War, Israel occupied the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, and the Gaza Strip. This marked the beginning of an extended period of Israeli military occupation, which heavily influenced the dynamics of the Israel-Gaza conflict. Over time, Israeli settlements were built in the occupied territories, leading to increased tensions and clashes with Palestinian communities.
In 2005, Israel unilaterally withdrew its forces from Gaza, dismantling settlements and evacuating Israeli settlers. However, it maintained control over Gaza’s borders, airspace, and coast, effectively imposing a blockade on the territory. In 2007, Hamas, an Islamist militant group, seized control of Gaza from the Palestinian Authority, further complicating the situation. Hamas, designated as a terrorist organization by several countries, including the UK and the US, has since engaged in armed resistance against Israel, leading to repeated cycles of violence.
Recent Escalation: The Causes of the Israel-Gaza War
The recent escalation of violence between Israel and Hamas has its roots in a series of events and grievances. Tensions had been simmering for weeks in Jerusalem, particularly around the Sheikh Jarrah neighborhood, where Palestinian families faced eviction from their homes. The decision by Israeli authorities to restrict access to the Al-Aqsa Mosque during the holy month of Ramadan further inflamed tensions, leading to clashes between Palestinians and Israeli police.
The situation rapidly deteriorated when Hamas launched a barrage of rockets towards Jerusalem in response to the Israeli actions. Israel, in turn, responded with airstrikes targeting Hamas infrastructure in Gaza. The violence quickly escalated, resulting in a significant loss of life on both sides.
The Human Cost: Casualties and Destruction
The Israel-Gaza conflict has led to a tragic loss of life and widespread destruction. In Gaza, Israeli airstrikes and artillery barrages have caused significant civilian casualties. According to reports, at least 230 Palestinians, including 65 children, have been killed, and over 1,620 people have been wounded. The destruction of homes, infrastructure, and vital services has exacerbated the humanitarian crisis in the already impoverished enclave.
On the Israeli side, Hamas rocket attacks have caused fear and casualties among the civilian population. Twelve Israelis, including two children, have been killed in rocket attacks, marking the highest civilian toll within Israel since the last major conflict in 2014.
International Response and Implications for the Future
The international community has responded to the Israel-Gaza conflict with calls for de-escalation and a cease-fire. Efforts to broker a truce have been led by Egypt, which has historically played a key role in mediating between Israel and Hamas. However, reaching a lasting and comprehensive resolution to the conflict remains a significant challenge.
The Israel-Gaza conflict has far-reaching implications for the future. It has deepened divides within Israeli society and led to increased unrest and violence in the occupied territories. The international community faces the challenge of finding a sustainable solution that addresses the underlying causes of the conflict and ensures the rights and security of both Israelis and Palestinians.
Conclusion: Seeking a Path to Peace
The Israel-Gaza conflict is a complex issue with deep historical and political roots. Understanding its causes, consequences, and potential solutions is crucial in working towards a peaceful resolution. The recent escalation of violence has once again highlighted the urgent need for a comprehensive and lasting peace agreement that addresses the aspirations and grievances of both Israelis and Palestinians. The path to peace remains challenging, but with international support and genuine commitment from all parties involved, a brighter future may be possible for the people of Israel and Gaza. | <urn:uuid:cdad651c-e8b9-4807-9d06-68df001acf45> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://kumdi.com/world/israel-gaza-war-understanding-the-conflict-and-its-impact/ | 2024-10-11T12:47:33Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.940734 | 1,280 | 3.5625 | 4 |
Are you someone who tends to shy away from conflict? Do you find yourself always saying “yes” even when you really want to say “no”? If so, then you might need to work on being more assertive.
Assertiveness is the quality of being self-assured and confident without being aggressive.
It’s also about being able to express your opinions and stand up for yourself when necessary. Assertive people are also good at listening to others and taking other people’s perspectives into consideration. Being assertive can be incredibly beneficial. It can help you build better relationships, boost your career, and even improve your mental and physical health.
If you’re looking to be more assertive, then check out these three powerful tips:
1. Body Language
First, it is important to be aware of your body language. Make sure that you are standing or sitting up straight with your shoulders back. This will help you to project confidence, even without saying a word.
2. Eye Contact
Second, make eye contact when you are speaking and try to keep your voice steady. Avoid crossing your arms or fidgeting, as this can make you seem nervous or uncertain.
3. “I” Statements
Finally, it is important to use “I” statements when expressing your needs or opinions. For example, instead of saying “you should do this”, try “I would like for you to do this”. This will help the other person to feel as though they are being respected and heard.
Being assertive at work is important for a number of reasons. It allows you to communicate your needs and wants clearly and directly. This can help to prevent misunderstandings and miscommunication, which can lead to conflict. Also, assertiveness can help you to build better relationships with your co-workers. Practicing these tips can help you to become more assertive in your communication with others. Remember, being assertive is all about finding a balance between standing up for yourself and respecting the needs of others! | <urn:uuid:374f5b53-5573-4669-87b6-b7f858849ffd> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://leadnow.cc/want-to-be-more-assertive-3-powerful-tips/ | 2024-10-11T11:16:52Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.966274 | 430 | 2.875 | 3 |
Working at the Intersection of Violence Against Women and Children
Working at the intersection of violence against women and children
Who is the course for?
Programme managers and technical leads who have some experience in implementing VAC or VAW programmes separately and would like to learn about the integration of the two approaches.
To make the most of Working at the Intersection of VAW and VAC, we strongly encourage learners to take the Prevention Essentials Refresher: the latest on what, why, & how (self-paced) before starting this course.
This course will enable participants to build a solid understanding of the importance of working at the intersections of Violence against Women (VAW) and Violence against Children (VAC) and explore some examples of programmes that aim to address both VAW and VAC.
By the end of the course, participants will be able to:
- Identify the various ways through which VAW and VAC intersect
- Discuss the risk factors and social norms that drive violence against women and children
- List the common consequences for VAW and VAC
- Outline the various approaches and interventions that have been found effective in reducing both violence against women and violence against children
This course has 4 sessions:
- Course introduction
- Why integrate approaches to address VAW and VAC
- Approaches to address the intersections of VAW and VAC
- Course conclusion
This course was developed by the Prevention Collaborative. The Prevention Collaborative strengthens the capacity of key actors to design, deliver, and advocate for cutting-edge prevention programmes, informed by research-based evidence, practice-based learning, and feminist principles. | <urn:uuid:3840df53-7866-47d4-80e6-d4b3c583d6db> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://learn.prevention-collaborative.org/working-at-the-intersection-of-violence-against-women-and-children-2/ | 2024-10-11T11:53:19Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.944388 | 338 | 2.765625 | 3 |
Celebrating World Honey Bee Day
This coming Saturday, August 21, is #WorldHoneyBeeDay and National Honey Bee Awareness Day. It’s a day that celebrates honey bees, their roles in pollination, and the importance of the honey, beeswax and other hive products they produce. It’s also a day for beekeepers to celebrate the work they do to protect this critical species.
Worldwide, of the more than 20,000 species of bees, only 7 are known to be honeybees. Here in the US, we are most familiar with the European honey bee, whose work as a crop pollinator accounts for some $15 billion in added crop value through increased yields and higher-quality harvests. They also pollinate about one-third of the food eaten by Americans.
Honey bees live in highly organized social colonies that typically comprise three types of adults: workers, drones, and a single queen. (If you’re interested, there’s a fascinating and well-written article on how these different kinds of bees collaborate to build nests, collect food, and raise young on the Mid-Atlantic Apiculture Research and Extension Consortium’s website.) Unfortunately, a number of problems plague honey bees: parasites and other pests; pathogens; poor nutrition; and exposure to pesticides.
According to the USDA, “The best action the public can take to improve honey bee survival is not to use pesticides indiscriminately. In particular, the public should avoid applying pesticides during mid-day hours, when honey bees are most likely to be out foraging for nectar and pollen on flowering plants. In addition, the public can plant pollinator-friendly plants-plants that are good sources of nectar and pollen.”
Let’s #NurtureNative. Stop by Little Red Wagon for some pesticide-free nectar rich native plants. We’d love to help you #SaveTheBees. | <urn:uuid:614fb14c-09e4-429d-850d-80cb16b8faed> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://littleredwagonnativenursery.com/blogs/news/celebrating-world-honey-bee-day | 2024-10-11T11:27:33Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.915702 | 404 | 3.140625 | 3 |
An alternator is a crucial component of a car’s electrical system. The component of an automobile’s electrical system that produces power for all other gadgets that require electricity is known as an alternator. An alternator in a car can be thought of as the power generator that charges the battery and supplies electricity to the vehicle while it is moving.
Although it’s a common misperception, a car’s battery doesn’t actually provide all of its power. The energy needed to ignite or start a car comes from the battery.
The alternator is responsible for supplying a constant supply of power to the battery and the rest of the car’s electrical components while it is moving. Because the car is now running only off the batteries rather than the alternator, it can happen rapidly if you keep the lights or radio on while it is not in use.
So, what exactly is an alternator? It serves as your car’s power generator.
Major Components of an Alternator
As you may expect, there are variations in alternator design, and as a result, the number of components varies according to the vendor. The rotor, stator, and rectifier are the three main parts of an alternator. There are more components, and we’ll talk about them as our discussion goes on.
The rotor will come first. The rotor on a shaft is rotated by a drive belt pulley system while the car’s engine is running.
A field winding, or electromagnet, is located at the center of the rotor. What is an electromagnet, then? A length of the conductive wire is wrapped around a piece of magnetic metal to create an electromagnet.
The coiled wire experiences voltage, which induces current in it. The coil of wire is surrounded by a magnetic field as a result. There are two poles, like the North and South of a permanent magnet.
The Stator can accommodate the Rotor. An element of the alternator that is stationary is the stator. Without actually touching the stator, the rotor rotates inside of it. A brush and a slip ring are located on each end of the shaft. Later, we’ll talk about those.
The Stator is made up of three distinct coil windings, each of which is joined at one end.
The voltage regulator controls how much power the alternator produces. It keeps track of the voltage output to the battery and distributes electricity to the remainder of the car.
The alternator’s voltage is transformed by the diode rectifier into a form that the battery can use to recharge.
In order to function well, alternators must be cooled because they produce a lot of heat. They have revolving fans for additional cooling, in addition to vents and aluminum housing for enhanced heat dissipation. Modern alternator models have internal cooling fans, whilst older units typically have exterior fan blades.
Please read: EXPENSIVE CAR PARTS TO REPLACE
Function of an Alternator
A vehicle’s alternator’s job is to supply a constant flow of electricity to run all of the electrical equipment and parts. This alternator function is essential to a car because the spark plugs in the engine need to be continuously charged with electricity.
The engine cannot function without a constant supply of electricity, and the battery can only sustain a continuous charge for a short time. A car has a lot of electrical components in addition to the motor, including lighting, power steering, power brakes, and electric locks.
Also, the battery is quickly depleted by these electrical components, necessitating a constant flow of electrical charge from the alternator in order for them to operate correctly.
How Does an Alternator Work?
The fuel in your car is chemically stored energy. As fuel is used in the motor, which causes the pistons to move and produce mechanical energy, this stored energy is released. The alternator then transforms the mechanical energy into electrical energy.
Knowing some of the essential components of an alternator is crucial to provide a more thorough explanation of “how an alternator works”
- The alternator’s rotor, which has a copper wire around an iron core, is designed to revolve or spin. The rotor is powered by direct current delivered by slip rings. The rotor can rotate thanks to the two different types of bearings. Acting as an electromagnet is the rotor.
- A number of wire coils coiled through an iron ring make up the stator. The stator is placed apart from the rotor.
- To link to the drive belt system, the pulley extends from the rotor shaft.
- To provide the proper amount of electricity from the alternator to the battery, a voltage regulator is required.
- The alternating current (AC) is changed to direct current (DC) via the rectifier (DC).
How do all the parts function together?
Now, it appears that we have covered every component of the alternator. So let’s examine how each component of an alternator interacts with the others:
- The battery is able to power the rotor thanks to the ignition switch.
- As the engine revs higher, the Rotor spins more quickly.
- Stator voltages increase.
- The voltage of the battery’s charge output increases.
- The voltage regulator notices an increase in battery voltage.
- The voltage regulator lowers the voltage needed to energize the magnet, and
- Stator voltages decrease.
Please be aware that your alternator might not precisely like those in our descriptions. Like with any electrical device, there are different configurations.
Let’s review what we discovered:
- An alternator is an electromechanical device that maintains a vehicle’s battery voltage and produces a DC voltage.
- Rotor, stator, rectifier, diode triple, and voltage regulator are the primary elements of an alternator.
- Three different AC voltages are produced as the rotor rotates inside the stator.
- The rectifier transforms the stator’s AC voltages into a DC voltage that is then applied to the battery and the vehicle’s electrical circuits.
- The alternator output voltage is maintained constant by the voltage regulator, an electrical device.
- Once the engine is operating, the diode trio output turns into the voltage that powers the rotor electromagnet.
Add your inquiries in the comments section below, and we will respond if you have any questions concerning the alternator, the vehicle’s electrical system, or any electrical system in general.
Have a friend, client, or coworker who could benefit from some of this knowledge? Share this content if you would. | <urn:uuid:d95467b5-1437-450a-a0d9-9db9c71090c8> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://mgsinsurance.ph/blogs/alternator-function-and-purpose/ | 2024-10-11T12:56:52Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.931523 | 1,397 | 3.703125 | 4 |
Dashboard warning lights are how your car alerts you when anything is wrong, whether it’s an improperly closed door or the dreaded check engine light.
Every time you start your car or truck, they momentarily illuminate to check sure all systems are secure and prepared to operate. On rare occasions, one light might continue to illuminate, signaling a problem. If any of the warning lights don’t briefly activate, remain on high alert. You might not be able to identify a problem they would alert you to if they weren’t working.
But if you don’t understand what a warning light means or choose to ignore it a tiny problem could evolve into a bigger, more expensive, and potentially dangerous concern. Even the most knowledgeable car owner may struggle to understand what a warning light is trying to say.
Please read: Alternator Function and Purpose
The worst will come first. Car owners detest the check engine light the most. Typically, this warning looks like a silhouetted engine, but occasionally, it’s an even harder-to-miss “CHECK ENGINE” sign in all capital letters.
While it appears like the scariest, this light is one the most unclear because it refers to anything having to do with the car’s powertrain and emissions system in its body parts. A worn solenoid, an ill-fitting gas cap, or a loose wire are examples of minor possible problems. Or it can imply that the engine’s core is experiencing a much more serious issue.
Pull over right away and make a tow call if the light comes on and the car starts acting strangely or making unusual noises. This suggests there’s a significantly more serious problem, such as a misfire that might permanently harm the car’s engine. Neglecting a check-engine light could put you in danger and damage the engine of your car.
The coolant temperature warning, which resembles a thermometer swimming in the water, alerts you when your car is running too hot. This could be brought on by a damaged radiator, a burst or leaky coolant hose, a damaged water pump, low coolant levels in the radiator, or even damage to the radiator itself. If these faults are not addressed, they could develop into far more significant engine concerns.
Driving an overheated automobile is not only dangerous, but it also runs the risk of permanently damaging your four-wheeled mode of transportation, similar to a blinking check engine light.
The battery warning is simple to understand because it closely resembles the item that requires care. This light reminds many automobile owners of the heart-wrenching “whir whir whir” sound that occurs when a car tries to start but has a dead battery.
If the battery indicator is on but the car starts and drives normally, this is not a good sign. The battery itself may have a long-term issue, or there may be issues with the wiring, alternator, or other electrical parts of the car.
Oil Pressure Warning
Oil can be won the prize for the finest retro dashboard warning light (complete with a drop of oil coming from it). The simple fact that your car is notifying you that its oil needs to be topped off could be the cause of an illuminated oil pressure indicator.
More gravely, it can indicate an engine leak or worn components like a damaged oil pump or blown piston ring. You’re in luck if adding oil stops the light from coming on and the engine’s dipstick indicates low oil levels. It’s a good idea to get the problem looked at as soon as possible if that doesn’t work or if the light turns on quickly after you add oil.
Another surefire way to end up with expensive maintenance costs down the road is to drive for extended periods of time with the oil pressure warning sign illuminated. The oil level in your car is just as important to keep it running as the gasoline swirling around in the fuel tank.
Tire Pressure Monitoring System
This light resembles the center third of a circle with an exclamation point. The thin lines that go across the bottom are designed to represent a tire’s tread. Nice, huh? But, if you’re driving on tires that are significantly under- or overinflated, things could turn ugly.
The infotainment system or a display in the driver’s gauges may be used by tire pressure monitors in many contemporary vehicles to show the driver the precise tire pressure at each wheel. For instance, if a tire has much less air pressure than the rest, you should stop the automobile and fill that tire up until it meets the recommended pressure level.
Once the engine is running, check to see whether the warning light disappears. If it doesn’t, the tire may have been damaged and is now rapidly leaking.
We all enjoy discussing how quickly a car can reach 60 mph from a standstill. Yet, if a car doesn’t stop quickly and safely after applying the brakes, things could turn dicey. This warning light (or one that says “Parking Brake”) will illuminate when the motorist pulls away while the parking brake is engaged, which is a typical error. Worn brake pads, low brake fluid, or an issue with the anti-lock braking system could be more concerning causes (ABS).
On a related note, an illuminated ABS light typically indicates a problem with a wheel speed sensor or a connection or wiring issue that can prevent the anti-lock braking system from operating. Driving without ABS is still safe, but you should be aware that complete braking effectiveness especially in an emergency stop needs to be restored.
Traction Control and Stability Control
Although it’s not intended to, it is kind of like an automobile traveling down a winding, rocky road. In order to illustrate what these systems are attempting to prevent, namely your vehicle slipping and sliding all over the road, this warning is sometimes depicted as the front view of a car with two squiggly lines underneath. Remember that when the system is turned on, the traction control and stability control lights will illuminate. It’s likely that if you press the gas pedal in a lot of rain or snow, this dashboard light will come on.
That merely proves these systems are functioning as intended. But, there could be a problem if they activate when your automobile is moving at a modest speed on dry surfaces. A wheel speed sensor would be a typical offender.
Many cars have some type of driving mode selection that the driver can use to modify these systems. Many sports cars‘ maximum performance settings significantly reduce or disable their traction control and stability systems.
This light turning on when your car initially starts is very normal. If it continues to glow while moving, there might be an issue with one of the car’s airbags. Although you won’t end up stranded on the side of the road as a result of this, it might be hazardous if there is an accident.
One of the dash lights on this list is less serious. Yet, you run the danger of getting into an accident or receiving a costly citation if the lamp or bulb in question is a headlight or taillight. Paradoxically, the lamp-out indicator is sometimes shown as something that resembles a sun with rays surrounding it. A broken lamp or burned-out bulb wouldn’t provide as much light.
Washer Fluid, Door Open, and Low Fuel
There are three that everyone should be aware of and understand. The washer-fluid emblem looks like a windshield with a water jet coming out of it. This signals to the driver that the car’s washer fluid level is low. Not a big deal unless your windscreen is covered in sticky insects and you don’t have the means to remove them.
The door-open icon often shows a car with one or more doors open from above. You may quickly fix this by closing the trunk or door and driving away or by just looking at the side mirrors. Last but not least, the fuel pump icon can be seen on the low fuel indication.
This indicates that you need to make a pit stop since you are running short on fuel. One more useful tip: The arrow next to this indicator indicates which side of the automobile the gas flap is on.
When something is wrong with your car or it needs repair, your dashboard lights are there to let you know. Understanding what your automobile is attempting to tell you when these lights turn on will help you respond to your car’s demands as quickly as possible.
Learn how to apply for motor car insurance for your vehicle so that you can protect your priceless vehicle and meet your needs for it in case of unforeseen circumstances. | <urn:uuid:2598132b-0a2c-45e2-89d4-ac2dc40f7b68> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://mgsinsurance.ph/blogs/car-dashboard-indicators/ | 2024-10-11T12:45:29Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.945619 | 1,806 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Millions of people in the U.S. are affected by mental illness each year. It’s important to measure how common mental illness is, so we can understand its physical, social and financial impact — and so we can show that no one is alone. These numbers are also powerful tools for raising public awareness, stigma-busting and advocating for better health care.
The information on this page comes from studies conducted by organizations like Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the U.S. Department of Justice. The terminology used on this page reflects what is used in original studies. Terms like “serious mental illness,” “mental illness” or “mental health disorders” may all seem like they’re referring to the same thing, but in fact refer to specific diagnostic groups for that particular study.
If you have questions about a statistic or term that’s being used, please visit the original study by clicking the link provided.
1 in 5 U.S. adults experience mental illness each year
1 in 25 U.S. adults experience serious mental illness each year
1 in 6 U.S. youth aged 6-17 experience a mental health disorder each year
Suicide is the 2nd leading cause of death among people aged 10-34
If you or someone you know is in an emergency, call The National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 800-273-TALK (8255) or call 911 immediately.
Copyright © 2019 Mental Illness Awareness Gr - All Rights Reserved.
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In an era where technology continuously redefines our boundaries, the realm of aerial exploration has been transformed by the emergence of FPV drones.
But what exactly is an FPV drone, and why has it captivated enthusiasts and professionals alike? This guide delves into the fascinating world of First-Person View (FPV) drones, shedding light on their technology, applications, and the exhilarating experience they offer.
The Gist of FPV Drones
At its core, an FPV drone is a type of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) designed to provide the pilot with a real-time, immersive experience of flight from the drone’s perspective.
Unlike traditional drones that typically rely on a handheld screen or a camera feed for navigation, FPV drones are equipped with onboard cameras that stream live video to the pilot’s goggles or monitor. This technology creates a sensation akin to being inside the drone itself, offering a unique vantage point and control over the aircraft.
The allure of FPV drones lies in this immersive experience. Pilots don a pair of specialized goggles that display the live video feed from the drone, enabling them to navigate through complex environments with precision and agility. This first-person view transforms the act of flying into an exhilarating adventure, where every turn and maneuver is experienced as if the pilot were sitting inside the drone.
How FPV Drones Work
Understanding what an FPV drone is involves appreciating its components and functionality. FPV drones consist of several key elements: the drone itself, a high-definition camera, a video transmitter, and the pilot’s receiving equipment, which includes FPV goggles or a monitor.
- The Drone: FPV drones come in various shapes and sizes, but they typically feature a lightweight frame designed for agility and speed. They are equipped with powerful motors and propellers that enable swift maneuvering and stable flight.
- The Camera: Central to the FPV experience is the onboard camera, which captures real-time video from the drone’s perspective. This camera is mounted on the front of the drone and often features high-definition capabilities to ensure a clear and immersive viewing experience.
- The Video Transmitter: The video transmitter sends the live feed from the camera to the pilot’s receiving equipment. It operates on specific frequencies to transmit the signal effectively over distances, allowing for seamless communication between the drone and the pilot.
- The Receiving Equipment: The pilot wears FPV goggles or uses a monitor to receive and view the live video feed. FPV goggles are designed to provide a more immersive experience, while monitors offer a larger screen for viewing the feed. Both options allow pilots to see exactly what the drone sees in real-time.
Applications and Uses of FPV Drones
The versatility of FPV drones extends beyond recreational flying. They have found applications in various fields, demonstrating their value and adaptability.
- Aerial Photography and Filmmaking: FPV drones are increasingly used in cinematography to capture dynamic and visually stunning shots. Their ability to navigate tight spaces and execute intricate maneuvers makes them ideal for creating dramatic aerial footage that was previously difficult to achieve with traditional drones.
- Racing: FPV drone racing has emerged as a popular sport, attracting enthusiasts from around the world. In these high-speed competitions, pilots navigate their drones through challenging courses, showcasing their skill and precision. The immersive experience of FPV racing adds an extra layer of excitement, as pilots experience the race from their drone’s perspective.
- Search and Rescue: In search and rescue operations, FPV drones provide valuable assistance by offering real-time video feeds from inaccessible or hazardous areas. They can be used to survey disaster zones, locate missing persons, and assess damage, enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of rescue efforts.
- Inspection and Surveillance: FPV drones are employed for inspecting infrastructure such as bridges, power lines, and pipelines. Their ability to navigate tight spaces and provide detailed video footage allows for thorough inspections and monitoring, improving safety and maintenance practices.
Credit: ArthurHidden Via Freepik
Getting Started with FPV Drones
For beginners eager to explore the world of FPV drones, there are several key considerations and steps to ensure a smooth introduction.
- Choose the Right Equipment: Selecting the appropriate FPV drone and equipment is crucial for a successful start. Beginners may opt for ready-to-fly (RTF) kits that include the drone, camera, video transmitter, and receiving equipment. These kits are designed to be user-friendly and provide a comprehensive solution for newcomers.
- Learn the Basics of Flight: Before diving into FPV flying, it’s essential to familiarize yourself with the basics of drone operation. Understanding how to control the drone, manage its flight modes, and navigate various environments will lay the foundation for a successful FPV experience.
- Practice in a Safe Environment: Begin practicing in an open, safe area to build your skills and confidence. Start with simple maneuvers and gradually progress to more complex flying techniques. Avoid crowded or restricted areas to minimize the risk of accidents and ensure a positive learning experience.
- Invest in Training: Many enthusiasts benefit from formal training or joining local FPV drone communities. Training programs and online resources can provide valuable insights, tips, and techniques to enhance your flying skills and ensure safe and enjoyable FPV experiences.
- Follow Regulations: Be aware of and comply with local regulations and guidelines governing drone use. Regulations may include restrictions on flying in certain areas, altitude limits, and registration requirements. Adhering to these regulations ensures responsible and lawful drone operation.
The Future of FPV Drones
As technology continues to advance, the future of FPV drones promises exciting developments. Innovations in camera technology, flight control systems, and battery life are likely to enhance the capabilities and performance of FPV drones. Additionally, the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning could revolutionize how drones interact with their environment and automate complex tasks.
The growing popularity of FPV drones also indicates a broader acceptance and integration of this technology into various industries. As more applications emerge and the technology becomes more accessible, FPV drones are set to play an increasingly significant role in our lives, offering new opportunities for exploration, creativity, and problem-solving.
Conclusion: Embracing the FPV Experience
So, what is an FPV drone? At its heart, it is a gateway to an exhilarating and immersive world of aerial exploration. By providing a first-person view of flight, FPV drones offer a unique and captivating experience that blends technology, skill, and adventure. Whether you’re interested in capturing breathtaking footage, participating in thrilling races, or exploring new perspectives, FPV drones open up a realm of possibilities.
As you embark on your journey into the world of FPV flying, remember that mastery comes with practice and patience. Embrace the challenges and opportunities that come your way, and let the exhilaration of first-person view flying elevate your drone experience to new heights. | <urn:uuid:5a30f6b2-8d11-4bda-8512-16834c5cb5c4> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://modvive.com/tech/what-is-an-fpv-drone-a-beginners-guide-to-first-person-view-flying/ | 2024-10-11T11:37:51Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.925158 | 1,433 | 3.109375 | 3 |
Science mimics nature: Microsoft researchers test AI-controlled soaring machine
HAWTHORNE, Nevada – In the searing midday heat of the Nevada desert, a white Jeep Wrangler heads down a desolate strip of dirt road, surrounded on either side by miles of sagebrush and sand.
As the Jeep bumps along, two members of a Microsoft research team, Jim Piavis and Rick Rogahn, steady themselves against the roll bar, their feet planted on the seats and their upper bodies jutting out of the open roof. They are scanning the bright blue sky, tracking a type of glider known as a sailplane.
The delicate black, white and red sailplane swerves wildly and unevenly at first, and then gradually begins to make wide, soaring circles.
A hawk appears next to it, following the same circular pattern.
“We’ve got a friend up there with us,” says Piavis, head of mission readiness. “That’s a good sign.”
As we watch, the 5-meter, 5.6 kilogram sailplane, or glider, finds a thermal, or an invisible column of air that rises due to heat. Soon, it is soaring through the sky while our Jeep drives down a dusty dirt road in hot pursuit.
Microsoft researchers have created a system that uses artificial intelligence to keep the sailplane in the air without using a motor. It autonomously finds, catches and rides the naturally occurring thermals – just like a bird.
“Birds do this seamlessly, and all they’re doing is harnessing nature. And they do it with a peanut-sized brain,” says Ashish Kapoor, a principal researcher at Microsoft.
The birds do it naturally. For a machine to do it requires a complex set of AI algorithms that can identify things like air temperature, wind direction and areas where it is not allowed to fly. Then, the system must use other AI methods to take that information and make real-time predictions about where it might find its next ride on a thermal.
Taken together, that’s much more complex than most AI systems people are using today for individual tasks like recognizing a face in a photo or the words in a conversation.
Kapoor says it’s probably one of the few AI systems operating in the real world that’s not only making predictions but also taking action based on those predictions.
It’s still a work in progress, but Kapoor says the infinite soaring machine could eventually be used for all sorts of practical tasks, such as monitoring crops in rural areas or providing mobile Internet service in a place where there’s no easy way to get needed connectivity.
“These can be your cellular towers someday,” Kapoor says. “You don’t need any ground infrastructure.”
Eventually, the team says, the sailplane could even use solar or wind power to gather energy, theoretically making it possible for it to stay aloft indefinitely.
AI in the real world
The autonomous sailplane is useful in and of itself. But Andrey Kolobov, the Microsoft researcher in charge of the project’s research and engineering efforts, says they also expect the work to apply to plenty of other increasingly sophisticated systems that rely on AI and will operate in real, unpredictable environments.
“For us, the sailplane is a testbed for technologies at the core of anything that will be considered intelligent in the next 10 years,” he says.
For people to depend on AI to help them with things like driving their cars, keeping their homes secure or managing their busy daily schedules, these systems will need to reliably make complex decisions on the spot, based on variables such as traffic, noise, weather, other objects and even human emotions. What’s more, they won’t be able to make many mistakes – that would be costly and potentially dangerous.
“AI in the real world will have very little room for error, like our sailplane,” Kolobov says.
In research terms, this kind of ability is called sequential decision making under uncertainty.
“It’s really the question of, ‘How do you plan for the future, several steps ahead?’” Kapoor says. “Computationally, that’s a very hard problem.”
AI theory in action
The sailplane they are testing in Nevada relies on a battery to run onboard computational equipment and controls such as the rudder, plus radios to communicate with the ground. It also has a motor so that a pilot can take over manual operation when necessary. But once it’s up in the air, it’s being designed to operate on its own, finding and using thermals to travel without the aid of the motor or a person.
“What we’re trying to do is make sure the sailplane is fully autonomous and smart enough to change its course of action,” Kolobov says.
To design the system, the team of researchers began with a framework for thinking about the problem called the partially observable Markov decision process.
Kolobov, who co-authored a book on Markov decision process, says that’s a model for making planning decisions in an environment in which you can’t know everything. With the sailplane, the team combined that model with another AI approach, called Bayesian reinforcement learning, to create a way for the system to learn what it needs to know about its environment as quickly as possible, in order to make the right decisions.
The team also is using what’s called Monte Carlo tree search, which is a way for AI to look for the most promising course of action.
The sailplane’s AI system is divided into two parts: The high-level and the low-level planner.
The high-level planner takes all the factors of the environment into account and tries to create a policy for where the sailplane should go to look for thermals. It gets better at making those predictions as time goes on, based on the information the sailplane collects each time it goes up in the air.
“For the high-level planner, experience matters,” Kolobov says. “The system will perform better on Friday than on Thursday because it incorporates information based on past flights.”
The low-level planner is the part that is using Bayesian reinforcement learning to detect and latch onto thermals in real time, based on data from the sailplane’s sensors. Think of that as learning by doing.
To build those AI algorithms required months of work in offices at Microsoft’s Redmond, Washington, campus.
Once the weather turned warm and the thermals got better, the team conducted limited test flights on a farm near the company’s headquarters. But it wasn’t until they arrived at the tiny airfield in Hawthorne, Nevada, in mid-August that they really got a chance to see how all their theories would play out in the real world.
On the day that they spot the hawk, the team has been out on this stretch of dirt road for four days, battling dusty conditions and the blazing sun as they launch their sailplanes again and again.
Behind the Jeep, an extra-long burgundy Ford Expedition has been set up as a makeshift office, crammed with multiple computers, tools for field repairs and four other members of the research team. The blasting AC does little to combat the heat from the desert and the large amounts of computer equipment.
As the sailplane flies above them, research interns Iain Guilliard and Sangwoo Moon – both of whom wrote core algorithms that help power the system – use four laptops to track its progress and monitor how it is taking advantage of conditions including thermals.
Every few seconds, Guilliard calls out the sailplane’s flight parameters, while those in the Jeep scan the air for physical proof of the sailplane’s position. Kolobov and Debadeepta Dey, a Microsoft researcher who built the sailplane’s thermal prediction module, take turns driving the movable office after the Jeep and the sailplane.
In addition to catching thermals, the system needs to plan its actions to avoid certain obstacles, such as nearby mountains, a large lake and scores of munitions that the U.S. Army stores in the area near the test flight site.
The messy real-world environment, with all the quirks and obstacles that would be impossible to predict in the office, is providing the perfect testing ground for the system.
Many of the problems they encounter, and have to solve, have nothing to do with AI at all. A glitch in the communications system creates problems with the largest sailplane they are testing, and the team suspects that magnetic particles in the dust on the road are responsible for causing damage to an electronic component.
During one test, when they try to launch a sailplane using a bungee cord attached to the Jeep after a motor failure, the bungee cord breaks.
With each setback, the team patiently sets to work to find a solution: Fixing the motor, repairing the bungee cord, finding a new battery, pulling out another sailplane when one is taken out of commission.
Kolobov says these real-world problems are exactly what drew many people to this project. It’s also why they aren’t too discouraged by each unexpected thing they encounter.
“This is why reality is different from simulation,” Kolobov says. “And that’s what we came here for. We came here to learn, and it’s not necessarily the things we expected to learn.”
‘The algorithm is doing better than me’
It’s late on a Friday afternoon when the team gathers at the tiny Hawthorne airport for one last debrief.
About an hour earlier, on the team’s last flight of the trip, the algorithms had performed exactly how they’d anticipated, sending the sailplane soaring through the air – before the battery unexpectedly died, the sailplane nosediving toward the sand and sagebrush with alarming speed.
Rogahn, whose job was to be the human pilot – providing a backup to the AI and maneuvering it to safety when necessary – was able to regain control at the very last moment, preventing a crash by perhaps inches.
“It’s not polite to wear a cowboy hat indoors, but I feel like I’ve ridden a couple of bulls,” Rogahn says at the debrief, drawing laughter from the group.
But then Rogahn grows serious, removing the hat and acknowledging how far they’ve come during the long days in the desert.
“We’ve reached the point this summer where it’s actually doing better than me,” he says. “The algorithm is doing better than me as a sailplane pilot.”
Photos and video by John Brecher for Microsoft.
Allison Linn is a senior writer at Microsoft. Follow her on Twitter. | <urn:uuid:ac31f569-c168-4d5f-b914-8d7487e4ae83> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://news.microsoft.com/apac/features/science-mimics-nature-microsoft-researchers-test-ai-controlled-soaring-machine/ | 2024-10-11T11:42:20Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.955284 | 2,322 | 3.65625 | 4 |
Too Many Variables Exist, Says New Research from Wake Forest Baptist
Women often point to stress, hormones, alcohol, or even the weather as possible triggers for their migraines. But a new study from Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center found that it is nearly impossible for patients to determine the true cause of their migraine episodes without undergoing formal experiments.
The majority of migraine sufferers try to figure out for themselves what causes their headaches based on real world conditions, said lead author Timothy T. Houle, Ph.D, associate professor of anesthesia and neurology at Wake Forest Baptist.
"But our research shows this is a flawed approach for several reasons," he said. "Correctly identifying triggers allows patients to avoid or manage them in an attempt to prevent future headaches. However, daily fluctuations of variables - such as weather, diet, hormone levels, sleep, physical activity and stress - appear to be enough to prevent the perfect conditions necessary for determining triggers."
For example, said Houle, the simple act of drinking a glass of wine one day and not on the next could be complicated by inconsistencies in other factors. Similarly, a patient may drink wine for several days, but adding cheese to the mix one day could further skew results. In fact, a valid self-evaluation requires such perfect conditions that only occur about once every two years, he said.
"Many patients live in fear of the unpredictability of headache pain. As a result, they often restrict their daily lives to prepare for the eventuality of the next attack that may leave them bedridden and temporarily disabled," Houle said. "They may even engage in medication-use strategies that inadvertently worsen their headaches. The goal of this research is to better understand what conditions must be true for an individual headache sufferer to conclude that something causes their headaches."
Houle and co-author Dana P. Turner, M.S.P.H., also of the Wake Forest Baptist anesthesiology department, have published two related papers on the subject in the journal Headache, which were published online ahead of print this month.
For the study, nine women who had regular menstrual cycles and were diagnosed with migraine either with or without aura provided data for three months by completing a daily diary and tracking stress with the Daily Stress Inventory, a self-administered questionnaire to measure the number and impact of common stressors experienced in everyday life. Morning urine was also collected daily for hormone level testing. Houle and Turner also reviewed three years worth of weather data from a local weather station.
Because of the difficulty in recreating identical conditions each time a patient evaluates a potential trigger, determining triggers proves difficult even for physicians, said Turner. "People who try to figure out their own triggers probably don't have enough information to truly know what causes their headaches," she said. "They need more formal experiments and should work with their doctors to devise a formal experiment for testing triggers."
The research was supported by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and of the National Institutes of Health (1R01NS06525701).
Co-authors include: Todd A. Smitherman, Ph.D., University of Mississippi, Donald B. Penzien, Ph.D., Head Pain Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, and Vincent T. Martin, M.D., University of Cincinnati College of Medicine.
Bonnie Davis: [email protected], 336-713-1597 | <urn:uuid:9d611a35-4528-4a97-856c-9c6f4d35fd2f> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://newsroom.wakehealth.edu/news-releases/2013/04/migraine-triggers-tricky-to-pinpoint | 2024-10-11T11:43:52Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.953497 | 702 | 2.984375 | 3 |
Answers to common questions about allergic diseases and the atopic march.
An allergy is an immunological response to a normally harmless substance. When an allergen is introduced to the body, the immune system views it as a threat and issues a response. The location of the response—such as in the intestines, lungs or skin—determines the type of allergic disease that develops.
An allergen is the substance that triggers an immune response. Common allergens include dust, pollen, dander and some foods.
The atopic march, also referred to as the allergic march, is the observation that one allergic disease predisposes a person to the development of other allergic diseases. Atopic dermatitis, or eczema, is often the first step in the allergic march. Approximately 50 percent of children who develop eczema go on to develop other allergic diseases.
Asthma is a chronic condition that results in inflammation of the airways and decreased lung function. Symptoms include difficulty breathing, coughing, wheezing and tightness in the chest.
Although the mechanisms are not fully understood, experts agree that the development of allergic disease is based on both genetics and environment. One of the biggest predictors of whether a child will develop allergic disease is whether a parent (particularly a mother) has allergies. There are specific genes mutated at a high frequency in patients with atopic dermatitis. Environmental factors can include other bacteria and viruses the infant is exposed to, as well as pollution and particulate matter.
Allergic diseases are among the most common types of chronic disease and more than 50 million Americans are affected by allergic diseases. Ten-twenty percent of infants will develop atopic dermatitis. There are almost 10 million children in the US that have asthma. More than 5 million kids in the US have food allergies.
Maybe. Often the most severe symptoms occur during childhood. Many food allergies that develop in children can fade over time. As children age, other allergic symptoms can become less severe, which may be due to changes in immune responses to allergens. However, some patients have allergies their entire lives, and some adults develop allergies that they did not have as children.
First and most importantly, if there are any signs of an allergic reaction, do not feed your child peanuts and consult an allergist. However, if there are no signs of allergic reaction, current recommendations are moving toward early introductions of foods rather than avoidance.
Recent studies suggest that early introduction of peanut to infants that are not reactive will decrease their likelihood of developing peanut allergies later in life. This might be true for other foods too. Discuss this with your pediatrician or allergist to make an informed decision.
Reactions to wheat can be an allergy. In contrast, Coeliac disease is an autoimmune disease, not an allergy, that results from consuming wheat. The immune basis of gluten sensitivity is not yet clear, but it is unlikely that gluten sensitivity an allergic disease. Allergies are optimally defined by an allergist, and the best protection from known allergens is avoidance.
Allergen avoidance is still the best approach for stopping symptoms. Depending on the location of disease, current treatments for allergic disease range from topical ointments, antihistamines, inhaled steroids, and epinephrine.
Tolerance built up by repeated exposure through allergy shots and other methods, is an effective therapy for some patients. While current treatments are effective for most people in alleviating an allergic reaction, treatments can be totally ineffective in others.
Currently, there are no adequate therapies for totally inhibiting allergic reaction or curing allergic disease. | <urn:uuid:9ffbaceb-a5fc-4eaa-9b24-0fa99b654a5b> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://nicunest.medicine.iu.edu/sitecore/content/iu/iu-som/home/research-centers/pediatrics/research/pulmonary-asthma-allergy/faq | 2024-10-11T11:04:34Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.956639 | 735 | 4.125 | 4 |
Dec 11, 2023
In recent years, Singapore has become a hotbed for technological innovation and advancements. One of the most transformative developments on the horizon is the integration of the metaverse into training and education. This virtual universe, where digital and physical realities merge, is reshaping how individuals acquire new skills and knowledge. In this article, we will explore the impact of the metaverse on training in Singapore, delving into its potential benefits, challenges, and the exciting opportunities it presents.
The Rise of the Metaverse:
The term "metaverse" has gained widespread attention as technology has progressed, and Singapore is at the forefront of embracing its potential applications. The metaverse is a collective virtual shared space, created by the convergence of physical and virtual reality, augmented reality, and the internet. It offers an immersive and interactive experience that extends beyond traditional boundaries, providing a unique platform for training and education.
Benefits of the Metaverse in Training:
Immersive Learning Environments: The metaverse enables individuals to engage in realistic and immersive training scenarios. This is particularly valuable for fields such as healthcare, aviation, and emergency response, where hands-on experience is crucial.
Global Collaboration: Singapore is an international hub, and the metaverse facilitates collaboration on a global scale. Students and professionals can connect with peers, experts, and mentors from around the world, fostering a diverse and enriching learning environment.
Personalized Learning Experiences: Through artificial intelligence and machine learning, the metaverse can tailor learning experiences to individual needs and preferences. This ensures that each learner receives a customized curriculum that maximizes their potential.
Accessibility: The metaverse breaks down geographical barriers, making education accessible to individuals regardless of their location. This is especially significant for those in remote areas or with limited access to traditional educational resources.
Challenges and Considerations:
Technological Infrastructure: The successful integration of the metaverse into training programs requires robust technological infrastructure. Singapore must invest in high-speed internet, advanced hardware, and cybersecurity to ensure a seamless and secure experience for users.
Digital Literacy: As the metaverse introduces a new dimension to learning, there is a need for enhanced digital literacy skills. Training programs must incorporate elements that teach individuals how to navigate and maximize their use of this virtual environment.
Privacy Concerns: The collection of personal data within the metaverse raises privacy concerns. Singapore must establish robust regulations and guidelines to safeguard user information and ensure ethical practices in the virtual realm.
Opportunities for Growth:
Innovation Ecosystem: Singapore has a thriving innovation ecosystem, and the metaverse presents an opportunity for startups and established companies to pioneer groundbreaking solutions in training and education.
Job Creation: As the metaverse industry expands, there will be an increased demand for skilled professionals in areas such as virtual reality development, artificial intelligence, and cybersecurity, contributing to job creation in Singapore.
Global Leadership: By embracing the metaverse in training, Singapore has the potential to become a global leader in education technology. This leadership position can attract international partnerships and further elevate Singapore's status as a knowledge hub.
As Singapore propels itself into the future, the integration of the metaverse into training and education stands as a testament to its commitment to technological progress. By leveraging the benefits of immersive learning environments, global collaboration, and personalized experiences, Singapore is not only preparing its workforce for the challenges of tomorrow but also positioning itself as a key player in the metaverse revolution. The journey has just begun, and the metaverse holds the promise of transforming the way we learn and grow in the Lion City. | <urn:uuid:cc5306ab-600b-40ba-ab48-921b2ef6d09f> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://nxtinteractive.ae/blog/metaverse-in-training | 2024-10-11T12:36:40Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.917861 | 730 | 3.34375 | 3 |
Demystifying Access to Information Rights
What rights do members of the public have when it comes to access to information? The right to access information in government records is established at the federal and provincial level.
Federally, the Access to Information Act is overseen by the Information Commissioner of Canada. For more on this, please visit the Information Commissioner of Canada’s website. The provinces/territories also have access to information legislation. For more on this, check out the Summary of privacy laws in Canada on the Privacy Commissioner of Canada’s website. In Saskatchewan, we have three Acts that give you access to information rights: The Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act (FOIP), The Local Authority Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act (LA FOIP) and The Health Information Protection Act (HIPA).
In Saskatchewan, your access to information rights include:
A right of access to records
Under FOIP and LA FOIP, anyone has the right to request access to any record in the possession and control of a government institution or local authority. Information in the records of public bodies defaults to being accessible to the public. That said, the legislation also outlines some limited and specific exemptions to the right of access – these are situations when the head of a public body may or must withhold access to some or all of the information.
Under HIPA, an individual has the right to request access to their own personal health information under the custody or control of a trustee. HIPA does not provide a right of access to policy or process information in the holdings of trustees. Like FOIP and LA FOIP, the default is that you have a right to access your own personal health information – if the trustee withholds your personal health information, they must be able to justify their decision by pointing to specific sections of HIPA.
A right to request an amendment or correction to your own information
If, upon receiving access to your own information, you feel there is an error or omission in the records, all three acts give you the right to request correction or amendment. The right of correction only extends to factual information; generally, it does not apply to subjective opinions noted in the records.
A right to request a review from the IPC
If an individual is not satisfied with the public body or trustee’s response to their access request or request for correction within legislated timelines, they have a right to request that our office review the matter. The IPC will determine whether the public body/trustee responded to the request appropriately under the applicable legislation. If we find that they did not, we will, in most cases, issue a public report with recommendations based on our findings.
If you have questions about your access rights under the Saskatchewan legislation, contact our office – we would be happy to help! | <urn:uuid:ef32f950-7a16-418d-99e0-fade472eab25> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://oipc.sk.ca/demystifying-access-to-information-rights/ | 2024-10-11T12:44:28Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.922306 | 576 | 3.375 | 3 |
Value Added Tax (VAT) is a tax on the sale of goods and services charged at multiple stages of production and distribution. It can seem complex at first, but this guide explains the VAT basics, how it’s calculated, and who must pay it in clear and simple terms. Ideal for VAT beginners!
What is VAT (Value Added Tax)?
VAT is a consumption tax added to the price of most goods and services sold in the UK. It was introduced in 1973 as a condition of the UK joining the European Economic Community (EEC) and is administered by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).
Unlike sales tax in some countries, VAT is charged at each stage of the supply chain rather than just on the final sale. However, businesses can claim back VAT they pay on business expenses. Ultimately VAT is borne by the end consumer of the good or service.
How Does VAT Work?
VAT works by businesses adding VAT to the price of their goods or services and charging it to their customers. This is output VAT.
Businesses also pay VAT on goods and services they purchase from their suppliers. This is input VAT.
To calculate what they owe, businesses subtract the input VAT they’ve paid from the output VAT they’ve collected. The difference is paid to HMRC.
The VAT paid by the customer is collected by the business on behalf of the government. The business does not benefit from the VAT they collect.
There are three VAT rates in the UK:
- Standard Rate – 20% VAT applying to most goods and services
- Reduced Rate – 5% VAT applying to essentials like children’s car seats
- Zero Rate – 0% VAT applying to basics like most food, books, etc.
Some services like insurance are exempt from VAT. The current rates can be found on the HMRC website.
There are VAT registration thresholds determining who must charge and account for VAT.
The current VAT registration threshold is taxable turnover of £85,000. Businesses must register for VAT once they exceed this threshold.
There is also a deregistration threshold of £83,000. If turnover falls below this, businesses can deregister for VAT.
Businesses can also voluntarily register for VAT if below the registration threshold.
Who Has to Pay VAT?
Any UK business with taxable turnover above the VAT registration threshold must register for VAT and charge it on sales of standard or reduced-rated goods and services.
Once registered, VAT must be accounted for in VAT Returns submitted periodically to HMRC. Businesses also must keep thorough VAT records.
Overseas businesses selling digital services to UK consumers must also register and charge VAT at the appropriate rate.
Consumers ultimately bear the cost of VAT. The tax is included in the final price paid on most purchases of goods and services.
VAT-Exempt Goods and Services
Some goods and services are exempt from VAT in the UK, including:
- Health and medical services
- Financial services
- Postal services
- Betting and gambling
Businesses selling only exempt supplies do not have to register for VAT and do not charge it to customers.
How Is VAT Calculated?
VAT is calculated as a percentage of the sale price of taxable goods or services.
To manually calculate VAT, you multiply the net price by the appropriate VAT rate expressed as a decimal. For example, to add 20% VAT:
Net Price x 0.20 = VAT amount
Net Price + VAT amount = Total gross price (including VAT)
Many businesses use VAT accounting software or online VAT calculators to automatically calculate VAT percentages.
Tips for Understanding VAT
Here are some tips to help grasp the basics of how VAT works:
- VAT is ultimately paid by the end consumer of goods/services
- Businesses act as VAT collectors on behalf of HMRC
- Input VAT can be reclaimed by businesses; output VAT must be paid
- There are registration thresholds determining who must charge VAT
- Certain goods and services are VAT exempt
Learning the fundamentals of VAT is vital for both business owners and consumers. This beginner’s introduction covers the essentials of how VAT operates in the UK. | <urn:uuid:21ea2576-cd24-45b1-8471-9184a4234285> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://onlinevatcal.co.uk/a-beginners-guide-to-value-added-tax/ | 2024-10-11T11:03:33Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.942912 | 857 | 3.296875 | 3 |
Stone Circles: A Worldwide Phenomenon
Posted by Lou on April 9, 2019Source link
April 9, 2019
Stone circles conjure up a lost world of mysterious ceremonies, druid astronomers, pagan dances and inquisitive antiquarians. The most famous is Stonehenge in Wiltshire, UK, but it is also the most unusual in that it has lintels and trilithons in its design.
Most stone circles are not so glamorous, but given that over one thousand of them dated to between 3500 BC and 1500 BC have been found in the British Isles alone, their construction was evidently an important part of our ancient culture.
Stonehenge is also known for its summer solstice sunrise, and research over the last 60 years has shown that many other circles not only use sky and landscape alignments to mark astronomical events, but also share geometrical forms and measurement systems.
Whoever made these magnificent structures had a deep understanding of engineering, surveying, geometry, metrology, acoustics and astronomy. And they were not an isolated group of builders — as we will see, stone circle building was once a global endeavour.
Gobekli Tepe: Stone Circle Genesis
6,500 years before Stonehenge was constructed, a vast megalithic complex was flourishing near present day Şanliurfa, southeast Turkey. Göbekli Tepe is at least 12,000 years old and its preserved stone circles are the oldest in the world. The ones so far uncovered exhibit impressive degrees of technical and artistic skill.
Like Stonehenge, the monoliths were erected in circular arrangements, and oriented to particular areas of the sky. The world’s first stone circle complex is rewriting history books.
Göbekli Tepe consists of T-shaped pillars up to 20 ft. tall, many decorated with animal reliefs (scorpions, boars, lions, etc) and abstract human forms wearing belts inscribed with enigmatic ‘H’ and ‘U’ shapes.
The taller stones rest in shallow nests on bedrock with small supportive dry-stone walls built in between them. In some enclosures, two central pillars orient towards a holed stone, the largest and oldest of which is 65ft wide.
An enormous 24 ft.-long limestone pillar still sits in the nearby quarry. Over some 3,000 years the circles were filled in with rubble to create mounds, and other circular and oval enclosures built on top. Then, at around 8000 BC, the entire complex was carefully reconstructed and covered up. Interestingly, the oldest rings are not only the largest, but also the most sophisticated.
Like later sites around the world, astronomical alignments are evident. Figures depicted on the Vulture Stone may be the earliest representations of zodiacal and other constellations (including Cygnus). Our earliest surviving buildings therefore seem to be an early observatory built to track precession, the 25,800-year cycle of the pole stars.
Acoustics and Ellipses
It has been noted that the enclosures at Göbekli Tepe are roughly 4 to 3 ratio ellipses. Early stone ellipses seem to have been constructed using Pythagorean triangles and at least 30 examples have been recorded in Britain including Forvie Sands in Aberdeenshire, Postbridge in Devon, and Daviot in the Highlands of Scotland.
The great megalithic ring and mound of Msoura in Morocco is also an ellipse that we will discuss shortly. The 4/3 ratio is the harmonic fourth, one of the great harmonies of acoustics. In his book The Cygnus Key, Andrew Collins suggests the enclosures were designed with this in mind. I
British Stone Circle in Morocco
In Morocco, a remote ring called Msoura sits near Asilah near the northwest coast. Located about 18 miles from the Phoneician ruins of Lixus, it is a huge ellipse of 168 surviving stones of an original 175, the tallest of which is 17ft (5m). Its major axis is 195ft (59.29m) wide by 185ft (56.18m).
A massive, part-excavated tumulus was a later addition that sits in its centre. It encodes similar geometry and metrology to many British stone circles.
“Msoura, incredibly, appears to have been constructed either by the same culture that erected the megalithic sites in France, Britain and Ireland or by one that was intimately connected with them.” II
Unusual cup-marks on the bedrock and on top of some of the oldest pillars at Göbekli Tepe prefigure British cup-marks by thousands of years. This is a tradition that is found throughout the Fertile Crescent, all over the British Isles and in Atlantic Europe.
I recently investigated two American examples, both of which are petroglyph sites in Nevada; the 7,000 BC Grimes Point site and the 12,800 BC Winnemucca site. These are called cupules, which are concave depressions in the rock. Their presence at Göbekli Tepe has triggered many questions, not only as to what their purpose was, but how they relate to those found all over the world.
In 1970, Alexander Thom suggested in a BBC documentary, ‘Cracking the Stone Age Code’:
“…that the cup and ring markings were a method of recording, of writing, and that they may indicate, once we can read them, what a particular stone was for. We have seen the cup and ring markings on the stone at Temple Wood, and that’s on the main stone but we can’t interpret them … yet.” III
He created diagrams and carried out an analysis of over 50 of the cup and ring markings from which he determined a length he termed the Megalithic Inch (MI). IV
David Cowan, author of Ancient Energies of the Earth, believes they were created to manipulate natural telluric currents, to enhance fertility and link one cup-mark site up with another. V
Whatever their purpose, the cup and ring markings are one of the many mysteries of stone circles.
Stone Circles of the Bible
The submerged site of Atlit Yam near Haifa in Israel dates to between 6900 and 6300 BC and is the earliest known evidence for an agro-pastoral-marine subsistence system on the Levantine coast. A stone semicircle containing seven half-ton monoliths was discovered at 8m-12m deep.
The stones have cup marks carved into them and surround a freshwater spring. There is even a potential orientation to the Summer Solstice, and possible alignments to other stars, but these are yet to be fully researched due to their location underwater.
Further inland, dating to between 3000 and 4000 BC, is Rujm el-Hiri – (also known as Gilgal Refaim) – a huge series of concentric circles in the Golan Heights of Israel. It again has an opening in the outer circle that aligns to the Summer Solstice, as well as a burial chamber in the centre with many dolmens in the immediate area.
Once again, the tradition of cup-marks is present at the site. The cup-mark phenomenon continues throughout Europe, some famous examples of which are at Clava Cairns, a bronze-age site in Southern Scotland.
In the Hebrew Bible, there are 39 mentions of Gilgal, a ‘circle of standing stones’. In one account, having miraculously crossed the river Jordan, Joshua orders the Israelites to take twelve large stones from the river bed, one for each tribe, and place them at Gilgal ‘in memory’. Gilgal has been identified with the village of Jiljilia, about 8m north of Bethel.
Armenia is the unlikely location of one of the oldest and most impressive circles. Called Zorats Karer or Karenish by local people, and widely known as Armenia’s Stonehenge, Karahunge has 223 standing stones that vary between 2ft and 9ft tall and weigh up to 10 tons.
Although no cup-marks have been found, eighty stones have circular holes drilled through them, 37 of which are still standing. Its name translates as ‘speaking stones’ and researchers have noted that the holes create sound when the wind is strong. 17 of the stones align to sunrise or sunset at the solstices and equinoxes, and 14 to lunar extremes.
Russian prehistorian Professor Paris Herouni, using telescopic methods and the rules of precession, analysed a prominent holed stone oriented north that aligns with Deneb, the brightest star of Cygnus, in c. 5,500 BC.
Early Circles in Portugal
Near Evora is the 8,000-year-old Cromeleque dos Almendres with its rounded granite stones and nearby dolmens. From this 92-stone circle the midwinter sun rises above the 8ft Menhir do Almendres, 1km to the southeast. Again, some of the stones have cup-marks on them.
The site was built in several phases beginning in c. 6000 BC and continuing up to c. 4000 BC.
South American Circles
The ‘Stonehenge of the Amazon’ is located on a hilltop near Calçoene, Amapa, Brazil. Here, 127 blocks of granite, up to 11 ft tall, are spaced at regular intervals around the hill, like a crown. The 100 ft circle is thought to have been constructed by the Amapán people between the 1st and 10th century AD. It has a winter solstice sunrise alignment.
Sillustani, near Lake Titicaca in Peru, is well known for its huge hilltop funerary towers called ‘Chulpas’. On the plains below are several astronomically-aligned stone circles built by the Kolla (a pre-Inca culture) between 100 AD and 1600 AD.
The largest, at 34 ft, is Intiwatana which translates as “to moor the sun”, and traditions in the area say that these were astronomical circles. Once again, cup-marks have been found here, as well as spiral patterns in the rocks.
However, the huge cupules seem to be mortice and tenon joints that linked the stones together, although ‘bosses’ or ‘protrusions’ are a tradition that is found all over Peru, including at Machu Picchu and Cusco. In fact, cultures such as the ancient Egyptians also had ‘protrusions’ like this on some of their megalithic structures and pyramids.
Stonehenge-like Circles Are Yet Another Planetary Mystery: Thousands Throughout the World
Return to Stonehenge
Further anomalies connect ancient Peruvian sites with Stonehenge. Two monoliths–one of the massive upright sarsens in the main Stonehenge circle and another fallen one–fashion a particular type of ‘scoop’ mark, as though the stone has been softened and an ice cream scoop has taken some of the stone away.
Stonehenge monolith with ‘scoop’ marks
Block from Ollantaytambo with similar ‘scoop’ marks
Finally, on the eastern face of the same upright sarsen, a ‘protrusion’ that is badly weathered is of a similar style to those of South America! Coincidence? Possibly. But it would not surprise me if we are looking at ancient cultures that were connected at some point in prehistory.
Coming Full Circle
It goes without saying that these direct similarities between ancient stone circle sites are worthy of further investigation. With so few of them left to study and so few written records of them, it is only the big unmovable stones and the way they have been placed in relation to their respective landscapes that could hold the key to understanding our prehistoric ancestors.
The power of the ancients has come full circle. The prehistoric stone circles represent a golden age of astronomy, mystery and technological prowess, and with the current wave of Megalithomania sweeping the planet, no doubt more will be built, leaving archaeologists and antiquarians of the future as baffled as we are now!
By Hugh Newman, contributor to Megalith: Studies In Stone / References:
I. Andrew Collins, The Cygnus Key: The Denisovan Legacy, Gobekli Tepe, and the Birth of Egypt. Bear & Co. 2018. p. 195
II. Robert Temple, Egyptian Dawn, Century 2010. p. 379
III. The Spectator, p. 608. 1970.
IV. Systematics: The Journal of the Institute for the comparative study of History, Philosophy and the Sciences, Vol. 6, Number 3, Coombe Spring Press., December 1968
V. David Cowan, Ancient Energies of the Earth: An Extraordinary Journey into the Earth’s Natural Energy System, Thorsons, 1999.
Thanks to Lou at: https://talesfromtheloublog.wordpress.com | <urn:uuid:70e04613-35cb-47b5-8f96-ccd5881d1736> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://oom2.forumotion.com/t63041-stone-circles-a-worldwide-phenomenon | 2024-10-11T12:52:33Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.958179 | 2,756 | 3.375 | 3 |
About the project
Young people have faced very particular challenges during the pandemic, with some being left feeling very disempowered. Developing skills in political cartooning offers one way for people to make sense of their experience. Research findings suggest that the skills involved may have particular impact for those from disadvantaged backgrounds.
Working with partners Shout Out UK and international organisation Cartooning for Peace, the interdisciplinary teams on this project have developed a mini course intended to help young people do this. Through the course, young people are encouraged to learn and use creative skills and develop their criticality, agency and feelings of belonging in the process.
Key policy recommendations include:
- Develop cross-cutting curriculum options that acknowledge the complex nature of post-pandemic challenges facing young people. Include self-guided learning options and plan for apprenticeship pathways into the creative industries.
- Create a youth policy development group with partners such as Shout Out UK to work with exam boards and others to embed required skills and practices in curriculum planning, delivery and assessment.. | <urn:uuid:05ea0ac4-9335-4425-8438-6ebf85ed2276> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://pandemicandbeyond.exeter.ac.uk/projects/knowing-the-pandemic-communication-information-and-experience/covid-in-cartoons/ | 2024-10-11T11:05:25Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.953233 | 211 | 3.171875 | 3 |
Analyse the subject of individuality ( e.g. national, gender ) in two movies that you have studied on the faculty. Trainspotting follows the lives of groups of friends in Edinburgh. This movie has been known as an illustration of a ' new Scottish film, ' which leaves the stereotypes of tartanry and kailyadism which is imposed by film makers from outside Scotland, embraces urban and modern-day Scotland, and is the merchandise of a Scots movie industry. Trainspotting `` non merely breaks with many traits typical of earlier cinematic representation of Scotland, but besides demonstrates the troubles of building a discourse conveying a new Scottish individuality, which is meant to replace the old Tartan and Kailyard stereotypes '' .
The regional individuality of Trainspotting is Scottishness. This is established through the speech pattern of the characters in the movie and besides the mise-en-scene. The Scots slang is another individuality of Scottishness, and the dark nine scene, Sput and Tommy 's conversation is captions, this distinctivness to the non-Scottish audiences have in the apprehension of Scots accents.In the five-a-side game at the beginning of the movie, Renton and Begbie are both have oning viridity and white shirts as one of the Edingburgh squads. This gives the characters their portion of Edinburgh and that they are portion of the Catholic community. The soiled kit they are have oning gives the presence of economic marginalization and low life style.
The thought of Scots national individuality is seen throughout the movie. The tourer ideal of Scotland is taken off from the mundane experiences of the characters, and Renton expresses the rejection of `` official '' Scotland in the movie 's most celebrated scene when the male childs visits the Highlandss.
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In Trainspotting the Scots idiom in the movie shows the Scots heritage, giving a continual reminder to the viewing audiences of the chauvinistic differences between the English and Scottish. The movie is made amusing by the idiom, which opens a new angle from which to near the audience.
In Trainspotting there the female, she is shown as a Heroin nut, compared to the other five males. This goes with the traditional manner to understand the drug subculture as male dominated. The grounds are linked to gendered thoughts about adult females, even the intensions of diacetylmorphine dependences are criminalism, foulness. These things are by and large understood to use to male members of the low societal category. The other female character, Diane, she is seen as strong articulate confident immature miss, really mature for her immature age. She blackmails me to see Renton once more and if he does n't she 'll state the constabulary.
Nakedness is outnumbered in more with male childs than misss. Renton and Diane in full frontal nakedness, Spud nevertheless is undressed by his girlfriend as he lies on the bed, we see Mother Superior rear as Alison injects Heroin into the venas of his phallus. The camera does non travel in the bare shootings, and there are no close-ups on the private parts and nor does the camera cover the bare organic structures shot ; this objectifies the nudity of the characters in the movie. There is no female or male regard, and the manner which nakedness is shown in the movie, Trainspotting is gender-neutral.
This movie is known to be for `` one for the male childs '' , it deals with gender issues such as the inquiring of both the male and female duality and the hegemony of heterosexualism.
By overstating the gender stereotypes are one of the chief agencies that are used to movie to appeal to the audience is humourous ways. One illustration is Begbie. He is seen depicted as being happening troubles to work out struggles with aid of anything but force. He is seen sitting about in Renton 's level have oning his underclothes, and ptyalizing beer on the floor, he is seen being represented as a wholly devoid of emotions that he does non even see his friends dislike him and all this work stoppages is to being over the top but we merely laugh at it.
Jamon Jamon is a Spanish movie, filmed in Spain. In this movie there are many elements to the Spanish patriotism that keeps the movie in tradition with Spain. First image that is normally seen throughout the film is the black Bull hoarding. You see the Bull bumper spines are seen throughout Spain, and the intension is linked with Spanish culturalisim, including Bullfighting. In the topographic point Catalunya you would see donkey bumper spines, as significance of Catalan individuality, the low donkey being the symbol of that part. The Bull is the official emblem of Spain, associating it to bull combat.
In the decision of the credits, in Jamon Jamon, the black background is shown to be a mammoth hoarding advertisement brandy and stand foring a bull. As the field of vision unfastened to uncover the infinite of narrative action, ( desert scarred by a busy expressway ) a concluding handbill spot of inkiness ( the testiss of the bull ) remains dominant in frame and provides the background for the manager 's name. The most obvious, manner the movie defines the position and involvement to be the relationship between the narrative the actions the topographic point and assorted ( symbolic and iconic ) representation of maleness.
Another illustration of muscularity and individuality in national civilization is the scene where Raul is practising bullfighting utilizing a wheel-barrow. Raul shootings of him have oning a tight blue trunkss, and gray sleeveless jersey, and shut up shootings are being used to demo his muscularity and shut up of his large phallus pouching through the trunkss.
The individuality of male is frequently played with intension of meat. Hence the interlingual rendition of the movie name Jamon Jamon, as Ham Ham. Throughout the movie, there are a batch of shootings of male venereal countries. The scene where they are looking for their following underwear theoretical account, there is a line of good built muscular work forces standing, merely have oning underpants. This gives the intension of the male 's meat, shown with close up shootings of each adult male 's underpants.
Female individuality is shown both dominant, but besides stereotyped. Jose 's female parent, Conchita plays the function of a high category concern adult female. She is seen looking glamourous, clean, expensive white apparels, and seen driving a Mercedes. She stands out from the other characters, as even the auto, is much more expensive than other vehicles around in the movie. Lorries and broken minibikes are seen. She seems to hold power with money, corrupting Raul with money to seek and score Silvia to interrupt matrimony with her boy.
Silvia nevertheless is like the antonym ; she is seemed to be the on the job category miss of Spain. She has no power, but her gender and artlessness and good expressions bring her ain sort of power. The stereotyped is shown, as she is seen working in a mill, chiefly female workers, who all are run uping underwear for work forces.
The male individuality starts off with being masculine. Many scenes of the male, particularly Rauls, are shown to look tough, strong and sexy looking adult male. Audience for the female regard. But so once more, there is little intension to stand for him with jambon. Him being treated like a piece of meat, he is bribed with money and gifts to make things for Conchita. She offers him money to kip with Silvia, and offers him a motor motorcycle and Mercedes if he continues to kip with her. It shows that he has nil, and will be willing to to make anything at a monetary value.
The line of meat in the mill all lined up, on ropes, are seen once more in intension traveling back to the scene where they are choosing an underwear theoretical account. They are all lined up similar to the jambon that is tied up in Rauls place.
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Mazierska E and Rascaroli L 2003 From Moscow to Madrid: Postmodernist Cities, European Cinema. London and New York: I.B. Tauris.
McArthur C 1982 Scotland and film: the wickedness of the male parents, in C McArthur ( ed. ) Score Reels: Scotland in Cinema and Television. London: BFI: 40-69.
Smith M 2002 Trainspotting. London: BFI.
Street S 1997 British National Cinema. London: Routledge.
Welsh I 2004 Trainspotting. London: Minerva.
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Identity In Contemporary European Cinema Film Studies Essay. (2017, Jul 07). Retrieved from https://phdessay.com/identity-in-contemporary-european-cinema-film-studies-essay/
Run a free check or have your essay done for you | <urn:uuid:9ff1ecce-1ca3-4952-bc4b-fd741d26fb1f> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://phdessay.com/identity-in-contemporary-european-cinema-film-studies-essay/ | 2024-10-11T11:25:52Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.954166 | 1,912 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Stress Comes In Many Surprising Forms
Many different types of stress can have an affect on your body and health, in particular on your adrenal glands.
One way to think of your adrenals is as the ‘Emergency Glands’. They are the glands that go into action when our body perceives an imminent threat or danger.
Your adrenals perceive stress in many forms, work and relationship stress, financial stress, dietary stress and increasingly it seems stresses coming from the over chemicalized world we live in.
If you are suffering with adrenal fatigue it’s worth considering all forms of stress that could be adversely affecting your adrenal health. This should include the stress effects on your body from endocrine disruptors i.e., chemicals.
Your adrenals are only one set of glands that form your hormone system. The hormone system is very delicate and finely balanced.
Stress from chemical sources can affect the smooth functioning of your adrenal glands which causes imbalance in your hormone system. These chemicals are referred to as endocrine disruptors.
If your adrenals are under stress, it’s likely you are experiencing adverse effects on other glands within the endocrine system too.
The endocrine system consists of glands that produce and secrete hormones. These hormones regulate body growth and your metabolism, as well as sexual function and development.
Releasing hormones via the bloodstream, they potentially affect several body organs. This means the endocrine glands have a far reaching effect on your total body system and overall well being.
Hormones (chemical messengers created by the body) transfer information between cells. This information is then involved in co-ordinating the smooth functioning of numerous different body parts.
The Major Glands Of The Endocrine System Include:
- Ovaries and Testes
- Pineal Gland
- The Pancreas also has a role in hormone production and is part of this system.
Feedback Loops – The Key To Understanding How The Endocrine System Works
The endocrine system is regulated by a series of feedback loops. It works in a similar way to a thermostat regulating the temperature of a room.
Hormones regulated by the pituitary gland receive a signal from the hypothalamus via a releasing hormone. This stimulates the pituitary to secrete a stimulating hormone into your body’s circulation.
Your stimulating hormone goes on to signal the specific gland to secrete its hormone. Once the level of this hormone rises in your circulation, the hypothalamus and pituitary glands close down secretion of the releasing hormone and the stimulating hormone. At this point secretion by the gland slows down.
This system of feedback loops, stimulating and releasing hormones, works to stabilize blood levels of the hormones regulated by the pituitary.
As you can see, your hormones work in close concert with one another and all must work harmoniously together. One example of this close connection is how your adrenals and thyroid work together as part of the HPA axis.
How Do Chemicals Affect This Delicate Hormone Balance?
How chemicals affect the endocrine system depends on a few factors, for example how long your body is exposed to the chemical, and in what form you are exposed.
The frequency of exposure to a chemical and the dosage level can impact your adrenal health.
High doses at short duration can have a more immediate effect on your health causing short term effects of stress.
However, lower doses consumed consistently can have a cumulative effect in your body and cause longer term illness from the long term effects of stress.
Effects on your body are many, your adrenals along with your entire endocrine system, your heart and immune systems are all affected by stress.
Whether the stress comes in the form of chemicals or some other form, it can have a profound effect on your health.
How Do Endocrine Disruptors Affect You?
For a substance to be labeled as an endocrine disruptor it must affect the endocrine system negatively, that is, it causes a negative effect on your hormone systems.
A huge and varied list of chemicals are known to disrupt the adrenal function with certain structural features of the adrenal glands making them vulnerable to attack from these toxins.
Studies admit that endocrine disruption and its effect on the adrenals warrants more widespread research given the adrenal glands vulnerability to toxic attack.
These toxins are all around us, in the food we eat, the air we breathe, in our water and the various lotions and potions we use on our body.
They’re lurking in the cooking utensils and cookware we use as well as the enormous collection of cleaning products for household use that line supermarket shelves.
It is simply mind boggling when you stop and think just how completely we are surrounded by potentially harmful toxins in modern day living.
The normal harmonious interplay of the endocrine system can be disrupted in a variety of ways by these chemical stressors :
- The chemical substances can mimic a naturally occurring hormone and lock on to the hormone receptor within the cell giving a stronger signal than the natural hormone.
- Natural hormones and receptors can be blocked causing interference by these chemical substances.
- The correct natural hormone can be prevented from binding within a cell. Your body then fails to respond correctly to this signal.
Included in the most well documented health concerns from endocrine disruptors are negative effects on the reproductive and developmental systems.
- Disruption to adrenal and thyroid function and links to metabolic disorders like diabetes are seen from exposure to endocrine disruptors.
- Low sperm count in males, as well as uterine fibroids, breast cancer and ovulation disorders in females have been studied for their exposure to endocrine disruptors.
Learn more about endocrine disruptors here
What Are Common Endocrine Disruptors?
Environmental Working Group (EWG) lists their DIRTY DOZEN Endocrine Disruptors as follows:
1. BPA – Found in food can lining, imitates the sex hormone estrogen
2. DIOXIN – Found in the food supply, disrupts the way female and male sex hormone signaling happens.
3. ATRAZINE – A herbicide commonly used on corn crops, affects the sex hormones.
4. PHTHALATES – Found in personal care products, causes hormonal changes.
5. PERCHLORATE – Found in produce and milk, affects the thyroid gland.
6. PBD’s in fire retardant – imitates thyroid hormones.
7. LEAD – Found in drinking water – disrupts hormone signaling of the HPA Axis.
8. ARSENIC – Found in drinking water – disrupts how our bodies process carbohydrates and sugars.
9. MERCURY – Found in some seafood and amalgam fillings, interferes with signaling and damages pancreas cells.
10. PERFLOURINATED CHEMICALS (PFC’s) – Used in non stick cookware, affects thyroid and sex hormones.
11. ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES– Found in non organic produce, affects fertility.
12. GLYCOL ETHERS – Solvent used in paint, brake fluid, cleaning and cosmetic products, affects fertility.
How Do You Avoid Them And Remain Healthy?
It’s a daunting task trying to avoid these disruptors when they are all around us, however it’s possible if you take it step by step.
As a starting point there are simple steps you can take with the way you feed and hydrate yourself daily to ensure your exposure to these toxins is reduced.
The foods we eat and what we choose to drink has a big effect on how many endocrine disruptors end up in our bodies.
These simple changes go a long way to ensure the ongoing good health of your adrenals, thyroid and entire endocrine system.
Review The Way You Feed Yourself
Eat only organic non genetically modified food and avoid processed food completely. Eating organic food eliminates the possibility of ingesting herbicides and pesticides used on crops.
Use pasture fed animal products, that is animals raised on pesticide free and non GMO feed.
Buy your food locally if possible, small farmer’s markets and the like are more transparent about the source of their produce than big industry.
Avoid canned food that can contain endocrine disruptors in the form of BPA used in the can lining material, which is transferred into the food and consequently into your body. Selecting fresh and occasionally frozen food instead is a healthier choice.
The cookware used to prepare your food also matters with older non-stick pans containing PFCs (perflourinated compounds) which are known endocrine disruptors.
Choose healthier cookware options such as ceramic/stoneware, glass, cast iron and enameled cast iron skillets like this one.
Stop using cling wrap and particularly do not use it to wrap and re-heat food in a microwave. You’ll also be doing the environment a favor too by cutting down on single use plastic items.
Beeswax wraps are great for storing leftovers and covering bowls.Wrap bread, half a lemon or avocado to use later. The beeswax wrap keeps them fresh.
Use glass storage containers in the fridge and to re-heat food for a safer alternative. Nowadays there are many glass storage containers that can go from freezer to oven and even look good enough to serve from at the table.
Review The Way You Hydrate Yourself
Stop drinking water from plastic bottles. A study showed that endocrine disruptors can leach from plastic water bottles into the water when the bottle is exposed to heat, for example sitting in a car in summer heat, or in a warehouse. Even the ‘healthier’ PET plastic bottles can leach antimony into the water.
Remember, it only takes small quantities of endocrine disruptors ingested on a daily basis to have a long term negative effect on health.
Use a water filter at home attached to your tap water. For carrying water during exercise, sports and on a long day out carry your filtered water in this bottle.
Putting It All Together
Start protecting your endocrine system from these hormone disrupting chemicals by implementing the easy steps mentioned here and take some of the stress off your hard working adrenal glands. Consider the simple steps of how you choose to feed and hydrate yourself each day. Small changes can make a big difference.
Please feel free to leave a comment below. | <urn:uuid:cfdf4f2c-0a24-4b06-a0ed-59c12b8d3536> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://quitchronicfatigue.com/stress-effects-on-your-body-endocrine-disruptors/ | 2024-10-11T12:48:45Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.931899 | 2,176 | 2.796875 | 3 |
How often you should bathe your bearded dragon depends on a few factors, including its age, health, and activity level. We’ll help you determine how often to bathe your dragon and give you some tips on the best way to do it.
Checkout this video:
Bearded dragons are a species of lizard that originates from Australia. They are an increasingly popular pet due to their docile nature, and they are relatively low maintenance compared to other pets such as dogs or cats. When it comes to bathing your bearded dragon, there are a few things you need to keep in mind in order to keep your pet healthy and happy.
The Benefits of Bathing
Bearded dragons are naturally found in dry, arid climates and do not typically encounter bodies of water in the wild. However, captive bearded dragons can benefit from regular bathing. Not only does bathing help keep your bearded dragon clean, it can also promote shedding, relieve stress, and increase humidity.
To get the most out of your bearded dragon’s bath, follow these tips:
– Use warm water that is no more than 10 degrees warmer than your bearded dragon’s body temperature.
– Use a shallow dish or container that your bearded dragon can easily get in and out of.
– Allow your bearded dragon to bathe for 20 to 30 minutes.
– make sure the bathing area is well-ventilated so that your bearded dragon does not get too cold after his bath.
After your bearded dragon has finished bathing, it is important to towel him off and give him a chance to bask in order to dry off and warm up.
The Best Time to Bathe
Bearded dragons love to bathe! Not only does it feel good, but it helps to keep their skin healthy and free of parasites. A good rule of thumb is to bathe your bearded dragon for 10-15 minutes, 2-3 times per week.
Bathing too often can dry out your beardie’s skin, so it’s important to not overdo it. If you notice your bearded dragon’s skin starting to look flaky or rough, cut back on the frequency of their baths.
The Right Water Temperature
Bearded dragons come from Australia, where the climate is dry and hot. In the wild, they would bask in the sun to regulate their body temperature. In captivity, we must provide a warm basking area for them so they can thermo-regulate.
The water you use for your dragon’s bath should be the same temperature as their basking area. If you don’t have a thermal gun to measure the temperature, a simple way to test it is to dip your elbow in the water. The water should feel hot, but not too hot to keep your arm in it.
The Right Bathroom Environment
Bearded dragons are reptiles that enjoy basking in warm environments. For this reason, it’s important to create the right bathroom environment for your bearded dragon before you start the bathing process.
The bathroom should be warm, with a basking spot that is around 95-100 degrees Fahrenheit The basking spot can be created by using a lamp with a warm bulb. The bathroom should also have a hiding in-his-cave/’>hiding spot for your bearded dragon to go to if they feel overwhelmed.
The Right Bathroom Products
Bearded dragons are one of the most popular pets in the reptile world. They are relatively easy to care for and can live for up to 15 years if properly cared for. One of the most important aspects of bearded dragon care is providing them with the right bathroom products.
There are a few different options when it comes to bearded dragon bathroom products. The type of product you choose will depend on your personal preferences and your bearded dragon’s needs.
The most popular type of bearded dragon bathroom product is a commercial reptile bathing solution. These solutions are designed to be gentle on your bearded dragon’s skin and to provide them with the necessary nutrients they need for a healthy bath.
Another option for bearded dragon bathroom products is to use a mixture of water and gentle soap. This method is less expensive than using a commercial reptile bathing solution, but it is important to make sure that the soap you use is safe for your bearded dragon. Some soaps can be harsh on their skin and should be avoided.
You can also create your own mixture of water and soap by using a one-to-one ratio of water and baby shampoo. This mixture will not provide your bearded dragon with the same nutrients as a commercial reptile bathing solution, but it will clean their skin and leave them smelling fresh.
Once you have chosen the right type of product for your bearded dragon’s needs, you need to decide how often they should take a bath. Bearded dragons should be bathed once a week in order to keep their skin healthy and free of debris. If you notice that your bearded dragon’s skin is looking dry or cracked, you may need to increase the frequency of their baths.
When it comes time to bathe your bearded dragon, you will need to fill a sink or tub with lukewarm water. Be sure that the water is not too hot or too cold, as this can cause stress to your pet. Once the tub is filled, add the appropriate amount of bathing solution or soap and gently mix it into the water.
Next, gently place your beardie into the tub and allow them to soak for 10-15 minutes. Avoid using any type of scrubbing motion as this can damage their delicate skin. After their bath, lift your pet out of the tub and place them on a towel so they can begin drying off
The Right Bath Time
Bearded dragons are reptiles that come from the semi-arid, arid, and rocky desert regions of Australia. Adult male bearded dragons can grow up to 2 feet long, while females max out at 18 inches. Their life span in captivity is anywhere from 10 to 15 years, although some have been known to live 20 years or more.
The Right Drying Time
Bearded dragons are generally healthy lizards that make great pets. They are, however, susceptible to drying out and getting sick if they don’t have the right amounts of humidity and heat. When you bathe your bearded dragon, it’s important to dry them off completely before putting them back in their enclosure But how long should you dry them off for?
The answer depends on a few factors, including the size of your lizard and the temperature of the room. If it’s a hot day you might not need to dry them off for very long. On the other hand, if it’s a cold day or your lizard is very small, you might need to dry them off for longer.
In general, you should dry your lizard off for at least 10 minutes after bathing. If the room is warm, you can probably get away with less time. If the room is cold or your lizard is very small, you might need to do it for longer.
The Right After-Bath Care
It’s important to not only bathe your bearded dragon the right way, but to also know the proper after-bath care. This will ensure your bearded dragon’s health and safety, as well as keep your home clean and bacteria-free.
Here are the steps you should take after you finish bathing your bearded dragon:
1. Remove all traces of water from your bearded dragon’s body. Use a soft, dry towel to gently pat your bearded dragon down, paying special attention to the creases under the arms and around the thighs.
2. Place your wet towel in the laundry basket so it can be washed immediately.
3. Allow your bearded dragon to bask in a warm area until he is completely dry.
4. Once your bearded dragon is dry, you can put him back in his enclosure.
If you’re like most bearded dragon owners, you want to find the perfect balance in your dragon’s hygiene routine. While you may have read that bathing your dragon every day is necessary, we recommend sticking to every other day, or even every three days, to avoid over-bathing. Too much baths can actually strip the natural oils from your dragon’s skin, which can lead to a number of health problems. | <urn:uuid:d4278af2-d71a-406e-a10c-6b6b8cd22c43> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://reptilestreet.co/how-long-should-i-bathe-my-bearded-dragon/ | 2024-10-11T12:53:56Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.962386 | 1,731 | 2.578125 | 3 |
Maiden Voyage of the Great Eastern
Like the railroad, steamship, photograph or telegraph, with all of which it was closely associated, the journalism of the Special Correspondents and Artists brought the world closer, shrinking space and time and conveying readers to distant places. Indeed, they were reporting upon the very developments in transport and communications technology upon which the delivery of their own graphic news coverage depended.
On 9 September 1859, Isambard Kingdom Brunel’s massive 22,500-ton steamship left the Thames estuary for Weymouth on its maiden voyage. As the largest ship the world had ever seen, she was accompanied by a sizeable press contingent that included George Augustus Sala, Special Correspondent for the Daily Telegraph. The voyage was tragically cut short by a boiler explosion just after she had passed Hastings. In the excerpt from his report of the accident reproduced here, the eye-witness veracity of Sala’s account is emphasised as he recounts the event from the perspective of his actual position in the dining room.
According to his biographer, Ralph Straus, it was Sala’s despatches on this trial voyage of the Great Eastern that confirmed the proprietors of the Daily Telegraph ‘in their belief that they had found a prince of special correspondents’ (Sala: Portrait of an Eminent Victorian, 1942, p. 151).
In contrast to Sala’s graphic narrative of tragedy, and presumably not wanting to waste a unique piece of documentary art already furnished by their Special, the Illustrated London News chose to accompany their account of the accident with a sketch of the view from one of the saloon portholes during the gale the previous week. The peculiar device of framing the view ‘off Dover’ as seen through the porthole is both an authenticating strategy designed to assure the reader of the Illustrated London News that this sketch was taken ‘on the spot’, and a way of seeing that situates the viewer in the position of the artist, sharing the immediacy of his perspective on the scene. | <urn:uuid:3a8c0981-8a3c-4976-bd85-91d2417aab1a> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://research.kent.ac.uk/victorianspecials/exhibitionitem/maiden-voyage-of-the-great-eastern/ | 2024-10-11T12:52:55Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.971905 | 435 | 2.75 | 3 |
View all summaries
VA research in action
Testing for airborne pathogens
September 1, 2020
A 1950s era experiment at the Baltimore VA Medical Center is part of the reason many physicians and others recommend people wear masks to keep from being infected by dangerous airborne pathogens, such as the virus (SARS-CoV-2) that causes COVID-19.
In 1954, Dr. John Barnwell, then VA’s director of research and education, provided three Johns Hopkins University researchers access to a semi-isolated suite of rooms at the Baltimore hospital housing Veterans with tuberculosis (TB). TB is an infectious disease characterized by the growth of nodules, or tubercles, in the tissues, especially the lungs. The researchers also received access to a small penthouse located directly above those rooms.
The team placed 150 guinea pigs that did not have TB in the penthouse area. The animals breathed air vented from the ward below for two years. An average of three guinea pigs a month caught the disease. No guinea pigs in a control group that breathed disinfected air became ill. The team concluded there was no other way the guinea pigs could have caught TB other than through airborne droplets the size of a mote of dust, thereby proving the disease could be transmitted through the air.
Airborne particles this size are released in tiny microdroplets when you exhale, talk, and cough—and masks protect you from inhaling the droplets and also protect others from inhaling any you produce. This study led directly to the recommendation that wearing masks and regularly disinfecting air in enclosed spaces are effective tools for fighting COVID-19.
Principal investigators: Dr. William F. Wells, Dr. Richard L. Riley, Cretyl C. Mills; Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health
The experiment that proved airborne disease transmission. Kruse Thomas K. Medical Xpress, July 22, 2020.
What nobody needs to know about airborne infection. Riley RL. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001 Jan;163(1):7-8.
Air sampling for tuberculosis-homage to the lowly guinea pig. Nardell EA. Chest. 1999 Oct;116(4):1143-5.
Infectiousness of air from a tuberculosis ward. Riley Rl, Mills CC, O’Grady F, Sultan LU, Wittstadt F, Shivpuri DN. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1962 Apr;85:511-25. | <urn:uuid:09b91f4f-8481-4f8b-a50d-9dade344672c> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://research.va.gov/research_in_action/Testing-for-airborne-pathogens.cfm | 2024-10-11T11:48:55Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.923143 | 516 | 3.515625 | 4 |
The distribution, type, popularity, size and availability of river-run gravel and crushed stone for use in land drainage systems, and their suitability for mineral soils in Ireland
Byrne, I. ; Healy, Mark G. ; Fenton, O. ; Tuohy, P.
Healy, Mark G.
I. Byrne, M. G. Healy and O. Fenton et al. The distribution, type, popularity, size and availability of river-run gravel and crushed stone for use in land drainage systems and their suitability for mineral soils in Ireland. Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research. DOI: 10.15212/ijafr-2022-0006
The performance of land drainage systems installed in mineral soils in Ireland is highly variable, and is dependent on, amongst other factors, the quality and suitability of the aggregate used. In Ireland, aggregate for land drainage systems is usually river-run gravel and crushed stone. This study classified the distribution, type, popularity, size and availability of aggregates for land drainage systems throughout Ireland and quantified their suitability for use in mineral soils. Eighty-six quarries were surveyed. Limestone and river-run gravel (80% of lithologies) are widespread throughout the country. The quarry aggregate sizes (¿Q sizes¿), reported by the quarries as either a single size i.e. ¿50 mm¿ or a graded size i.e. 20 ¿ 40 mm, were variable, changed across lithology and region, and were, in most cases, larger than what is currently recommended. A particle size distribution analysis of 74 samples from 62 quarries, showed that individual Q sizes increased in variability with increasing aggregate size. In some regions, the aggregate sold does not meet current national regulations, which specify an aggregate size ranging from 10 to 40 mm. The suitability of these aggregates for drainage in five soils of different textures were compared using three established design criteria. It was found that the aggregate in use is too large for heavy soil textures and is therefore unsuitable as drainage envelope material. Guidance for contractors, farmers, and quarry owners will be required, and investment may be needed by quarries to produce aggregate that satisfies design criteria. An aggregate size, based on one or a combination of established aggregate design criteria, where an analysis of the soil texture is conducted and an appropriate aggregate is chosen based off its fifteen percent passing size, is required.
Compuscript for Teagasc (Agriculture and Food Development Authority, Ireland)
CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IE | <urn:uuid:c8cfc810-d9ac-4243-9667-ccece8bc939f> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://researchrepository.universityofgalway.ie/entities/publication/3cb42100-97e5-4552-b234-f26e0a692278 | 2024-10-11T12:19:59Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.929552 | 533 | 2.578125 | 3 |
Maine’s rivers are the one ones left within the US the place Atlantic salmon can return to spawn, and the best of those rivers is having one in all its best years.
After the elimination of the Bangor Nice Works Dam on the Penobcot River, ocean-going/river-spawning fish started to return in giant numbers.
As of late July, an estimated 1,489 salmon have handed by a fish raise at a spot referred to as Milford, probably the most which have been counted since 2012 when the dam was eliminated.
“We’re as much as 1,455 salmon. It’s been a very good 12 months up to now,” Jason Valliere, marine useful resource scientist for the Maine Division of Marine Sources instructed the Bangor Each day Information. “Let’s hope they hold coming and we see one other good push this fall.”
Maine is the one remaining state within the union the place wild Atlantic salmon run up river, however fishing for them is prohibited.
It’s thought that higher-than-normal spring and summer time rains swelled rivers to better plenty and stored them cooler, which led to better numbers of cold-water fish returning to spawn.
Different taxa that run up the Penobcot are alewives and blueback river herring, of which 5,490,195 had run up the Milford raise by July 22, shattering by greater than double the year-to-date document for the interval as much as the twenty second.
Maine’s Division of Marine Sources writes that alewives are necessary to the ecology of freshwater environments within the state as a result of they supply another prey merchandise for osprey, eagles, nice blue heron, loons, and different fish-eating birds on the identical time juvenile Atlantic salmon are migrating downriver.
Alewives present cowl for upstream migrating grownup salmon which may be preyed on by eagles or osprey, and for younger salmon within the estuaries and open ocean that is likely to be captured by seals.
Throughout america, 69 river dams had been faraway from American rivers in 2020, opening up 624 miles of waterways to circulate freely and serving to join populations of salmon species like Chinook, coho, and pink, in addition to steelhead, cutthroat, and bull trout, Bartram’s bass, better redhorse, longnose dace, and northern brook lamprey—the latter three of that are threatened or endangered within the U.S.
Usually, dams had been constructed way back to fortify trade, or to provide contemporary water and irrigation. As know-how and inhabitants densities have modified over the a long time, a shocking quantity of dams are powering or helping nothing, and as an alternative act as irrelevant tax leeches.
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Home | Contents | Arizona y Sonora > Alamos > The church in Alamos
RimJournal: Arizona y Sonora
Figure 1: Overlooking the valley to the church.
First, the roosters sing out in the chill desert dawn. Their calls reverberate along the burnt adobe and white plastered walls of the small barrio neighborhoods that twine the stony arroyos of Alamos. Next, the sun seeps over the Sierra Madre, filters across the valley and gilds the soaring tower and sheltering domes of the church.
Then, the throaty chimes of the bell resonate from the tower, just as they have since colonial times, calling the people to early morning mass, to work, to wake up, light the fire, warm some tortillas and beans for breakfast, dress the children and send them off down the cobblestone streets and the shortcut paths along the arroyos to school, sweep the steps in front of the house, saddle the horses, pick up the bus passengers going to work in Navojoa, open the shops, uncover the stalls in the market, water the flowers in the pots and the plants in the garden before the heat of the day arrives. When neighbors pass by, they greet each other, "A Díos" meaning "Go with God."
The oldest buildings in Alamos were built and rebuilt at different times. The original mission church in the 1600's would have been of adobe. La Parroquia de la Purísima Concepción was started in 1786 and completed in 1826. Its style is similar to San Xavier del Bac in Tucson. The massive church walls and buttresses, domes and the tower are a cobbled texture of stone, adobe and burnt adobe, plastered and unplastered. The back of the church is as interesting in this way as the front. Escape tunnels are rumored to run from the early homes around the plaza into the church. Its thick stone walls made it the place of refugee during raids by the Mayo Indians. The church also survived the civil and revolutionary wars that ripped Mexico apart for generations.
Figure 2: Stone and domes.
Figure 3: Church bell tower.
Alamos did not fare well in war. Either the town backed the losing side or the leading families backed different sides. As a result, the interior of the church was looted. It has neither the extensive gold leaf of the church in Taxco near Mexico City, nor the folk art painting and sculptures of San Xavier Del Bac in Tucson, but its strong walls still embrace the heart and the souls of the town.
Alamos has two plazas connected by the narrow, cobblestone passage known as "kissing lane". On Saturday night, the market plaza and Parque de Alameda near the riverbed has the action, but on Sunday after evening mass, the young people come to promenade in front of the church in the Plaza de las Armas with its original gazebo. Sonorans say that the most beautiful girls in Mexico come from Alamos. The rich silver mines mingled people from all over the world. In the faces of the families are the bloodlines of Europe and North Africa, the Mayo Indians and other tribes, the Chinese and many trading nations of the Pacific.
The church is full of ceremony during the year: baptisms, first communions, a girl's coming out on her fifteenth birthday. Here engagements are posted, and the bride and her pretty bridesmaids in their satin dresses shine brighter than silver on her wedding day.
In colonial days, Alamos was so rich that wedding gowns were imported from Europe. The daughter of a wealthy family is said to have walked on silver bars from her house to her wedding in the church. Many of the prominent families of Sonora and some from Arizona originally came from Alamos, so important visitors and family reunions bring the elegance of wealth back to this plaza for special occasions.
Figure 4: The Alamos bell tower from a garden patio.
During the year, families come in from the surrounding rancheros in pickups. The young vaqueros come prancing on horseback. Families bring their children to play while they stroll around visiting with friends. The older people sit on the benches at the edge of the plaza rose garden and chat. Sometimes there is a small traveling carnival or a local fair to celebrate holidays.
Every Sunday the señoras sell homemade cake, tostadas and atole around the church plaza. Early in the evening, before mass lets out, they may have homemade tamales. At the other end of the block is an excellent taco stand with picnic tables. A nice way to spend Sunday evening is to buy tacos, tostadas and a piece of cake, sit down on a bench facing the church and watch the families of the town pass by.
See also: the church in Aduana in Day trips and tours from Alamos, Books on adobe buildings for historical adobe buildings, the story of Our Lady of Guadalupe.
Note: Although La Parroquia de la Purísima Concepción is sometimes referred to as a cathedral, it is not. A cathedral is the main church of a diocese, the church where the bishop of the diocese is located. In Mexico, each state is a diocese. The cathedral is usually in the capital city or another large city. Thanks to John Barreiro for this information.
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Michael Severance, operations manager for Istituto Acton in Rome, wrote an article for Catholic World Report examining the economic concept of scarcity in light of Laudato Si’ and Pope Francis’s trip to South America.
Severance focuses on the pope’s efforts to promote a culture of self-control and asceticism and specifically analyzes the implications of paragraph 222 of the encyclical, where Francis writes: “We need to take up an ancient lesson, found in different religious traditions and also in the Bible. It is the conviction that ‘less is more’”(222).
Acknowledging the difference in perspectives between ecologists and economists, Severance explains how theories of scarcity and “finiteness” apply to the current ecological debate. He concludes that there is merit to the optimistic side of the conversation, which “[trusts] in human capacity to deal inventively with the increasing demands on scarce goods while balancing environmental concerns.”
Do we want less of everything in order to return to some pure form of Eden-like abundance, to go back to the original state of nature free of the high demands of industry and consumers squeezing mother earth’s resources dry? And are we really running out of finite resources, in the first place, or actually creating more because of human ingenuity?
Read the full text of “Is Less Really More? Reflections on Scarcity in Laudato Si'” here. | <urn:uuid:a2ce46d6-55db-432c-982a-489506e62a19> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://rlo.acton.org/archives/80344-laudato-si-and-the-less-is-more-philosophy.html?amp | 2024-10-11T11:29:34Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.935575 | 308 | 2.734375 | 3 |
With the rise of the digital age, computer processes, and data storage have been altered drastically. In the past, you may have heard of something being stored in “the cloud.” Rest assured that nobody is referring to the actual clouds above our heads.
Cloud computing is a significant shift away from traditional IT resources companies use to improve cost, speed, reliability, productivity, and more. This technological evolution has given rise to a diverse range of applications, including specialized tools like eDiscovery software, which efficiently navigate vast troves of digital information for legal and investigative purposes.
What is Cloud Computing?
Simply put, cloud computing is an on-demand delivery of and access to information technology resources such as applications, servers, data storage centers, and more. When a person refers to data being stored in the cloud, the easiest way to think of it is that the data is no longer stored on that device; rather, it’s been sent to an off-site server.
Features of Cloud Computing
Data storage, data management, and general computing processes are complex. When a company uses the cloud, they use a third-party data storage center where the hardware is managed by somebody else. This has evolved from other forms of computing, colocation vs. cloud, for example, where self-managed data equipment was stored in a third-party center.
Some of the main features of cloud computing include the following:
- Increased cost-effectiveness and speed
- Scalability as a business begins to grow
- Increased levels of security
- The freeing up of IT resources to be used elsewhere
The Difference Between the Private and Public Cloud
Regarding cloud computing, you may have also heard of two common versions of the cloud: private and public. While they share similarities, crucial differences are important to cover.
The private cloud is any solution geared towards single use from an organization. All hardware or software is dedicated to solely one organization, and it is only accessible by that same customer. There is a greater level of security with private clouds, as opposed to public clouds, which is why many companies choose this type of computing.
Besides meeting regulatory requirements, there may be certain confidential documents or private information that a company does not want potentially breached by an attack on the public cloud. Some of the advantages of a private cloud server include the following:
- Exclusive environments and custom security
- No tradeoffs for scalability
- Increased and efficient performance
The public cloud is the most common version of the cloud and is a multi-use version of the cloud environment. Computing resources are shared among customers rather than dedicated to a sole customer. Access to the cloud is based on a pay-per-use basis, and certain features can only be accessed if you add them to your environment.
While public clouds are still very secure, they are mostly used by individuals or small businesses. Some key features of the public cloud include:
- A lower starting price
- Access to newer technologies via auto-updates
- The ability to scale and add new features as the business grows
Alternatives to Cloud Computing
94% of enterprises use cloud services, and 67% of enterprise infrastructure is based on the cloud. That doesn’t mean that cloud computing is the only option. For one reason or another, your organization may decide that an alternative is needed. Here are a few common options to consider:
Similar to cloud computing, fog computing utilizes a decentralized infrastructure to perform computing in the middle ground of the data and the server. With this form of computing, multiple endpoints send raw data to “nodes.” This node does the processing and sends the information back in real time.
Fog computing can be useful if you have a reduced amount of data going through a cloud server, to the point where the cost isn’t worth it, or if you seek quicker alerts in the event of an error.
The other common alternative to cloud computing is edge computing. This form of computing process data as close to the source as possible to maximize speed and processing power. This is usually done by using a local device called an edge server.
Accelerate your business processes today
Cloud computing is growing at a rapid rate, with IT spending on cloud services predicted to surpass spending on traditional services by 2025. Fortunately, numerous alternatives exist if you don’t have the framework to support cloud computing. Staying up to date on technology is about integrating cloud computing or other advanced computing within your organization if it fits your business model. | <urn:uuid:dc719f48-aac0-478f-aa19-0c9b37f64039> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://roboticsbiz.com/cloud-computing-101-everything-you-need-to-know/ | 2024-10-11T11:37:31Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.939466 | 925 | 3.140625 | 3 |
Different parenting styles have a significant impact on a child’s academic achievement. Authoritative parenting, which is characterized by warmth, support, and high expectations, tends to produce the best outcomes. On the other hand, authoritarian and permissive parenting can result in lower academic performance due to lack of support or overly strict rules.
As a child, I remember my friends and I used to compare our parents’ parenting styles. Some of us had strict parents who would never let them go out without completing their homework, while others had lenient ones who didn’t mind if they skipped a few classes.
We all wondered which style was better for our academic performance.
Now, as an adult and a parent myself, I understand the importance of parenting styles in shaping a child’s future. As we all know, every parent has their unique way of raising their children based on their beliefs and values.
However, some parenting styles are more effective than others when it comes to academic achievement.
In this blog post, we will explore the different types of parenting styles and how they affect a child’s academic performance. So grab your coffee or tea and let’s dive into this fascinating topic together!
Here You Will Learn:
Authoritative Parenting and Academic Success
One of the most effective parenting styles for academic success is authoritative parenting. This style involves setting high expectations for children while also providing them with emotional support and guidance.
Children raised by authoritative parents tend to have better academic performance, higher self-esteem, and stronger social skills.
As a child, I had a friend whose mother was an authoritative parent. She would always encourage her daughter to do well in school but never put too much pressure on her.
Instead, she provided emotional support whenever needed and helped her develop problem-solving skills.
Years later, my friend graduated from college with honors and went on to pursue a successful career in law. Her mother’s approach towards parenting played an essential role in shaping her future success.
Research has shown that children raised by authoritative parents are more likely to be independent thinkers who can make their own decisions based on sound judgment rather than blindly following others’ opinions or peer pressure.
If you want your child to excel academically while also developing strong character traits such as independence and critical thinking abilities – consider adopting an authoritative parenting style!
The Impact of Permissive Parenting On Grades
Permissive parenting is a style where parents are lenient and allow their children to make their own decisions without much guidance or structure. While this may seem like a relaxed approach, it can have negative consequences on a child’s academic performance.
Growing up, I had a friend whose parents were permissive. They never enforced any rules regarding homework or studying and allowed her to watch TV or play video games for hours on end.
As expected, she struggled in school and often received poor grades.
Research has shown that permissive parenting can lead to lower academic achievement because children lack the necessary discipline and motivation needed for success in school. Without proper guidance from their parents, they may not develop good study habits or time management skills.
Furthermore, when children are given too much freedom with no boundaries set by the parent’s authority figure at home; they tend not only struggle academically but also socially as well since there is no one guiding them through life lessons outside of academics either!
While being lenient with your child might seem like an easy way out of conflict resolution; it could be detrimental in the long run if you want your child to succeed academically!
Strict Parenting: Does It Lead to Better Academic Performance?
Growing up, I had a friend whose parents were incredibly strict. They would never let her go out to play until she finished all her homework and studied for at least an hour.
At the time, I thought it was unfair that my friend couldn’t enjoy her childhood like the rest of us. However, as we grew older and entered high school, it became apparent that my friend’s academic performance was exceptional compared to ours.
Research shows that strict parenting can lead to better academic performance in children. Children raised by authoritarian parents tend to have higher grades and test scores than those raised by permissive or neglectful parents.
This is because strict parenting involves setting clear rules and expectations for children regarding their behavior and academics while providing them with structure in their daily lives. These children are more likely to develop self-discipline skills such as time management which helps them stay on top of their studies.
However, there is a downside too; these kids may struggle with creativity or critical thinking since they are not encouraged enough towards independent thinking due to rigid rules set forth by authoritative figures around them. Strict parenting can be beneficial when done correctly but should also allow room for creativity so that kids don’t miss out on developing essential life skills beyond just academics!
Neglectful Parenting and Its Effect On Education
How Helicopter Parents Can Hinder Their Child’s Learning
One of the most popular parenting styles that have gained attention in recent years is helicopter parenting. Helicopter parents are those who hover over their children, constantly monitoring and controlling every aspect of their lives.
While this style may seem like it’s coming from a place of love and concern, it can actually hinder a child’s learning.
I remember my friend Sarah had helicopter parents who would always check her homework, make sure she studied for hours on end, and even attend parent-teacher conferences to ensure she was getting good grades. However, as we progressed through school together, I noticed that Sarah struggled with decision-making skills and lacked confidence in her abilities.
Research has shown that children raised by helicopter parents tend to struggle with independence because they never learned how to make decisions or solve problems on their own. They also tend to have lower self-esteem because they feel like they can’t do anything without their parent’s help or approval.
Furthermore, when these kids go off into the real world (college or work), they often find themselves struggling since no one is there anymore telling them what to do all the time. So while it may be tempting for some parents to micromanage every aspect of their child’s academic life in hopes of ensuring success; ultimately this approach could backfire causing more harm than good.
Cultural Differences in Parental Involvement and Academics
When it comes to parenting styles and academic achievement, cultural differences play a significant role. In some cultures, parents are expected to be highly involved in their children’s education from an early age.
For example, in Asian cultures such as China and Japan, parents often prioritize their child’s academic success above all else and may push them to excel academically through strict discipline.
On the other hand, Western cultures tend to value independence more than obedience. Parents may take a more hands-off approach when it comes to academics and allow their children more freedom in choosing what they want to study or pursue.
However, these generalizations do not apply across the board for every family within each culture. It is essential for parents of any background or culture always consider what works best for their individual child.
Regardless of cultural differences though one thing remains constant: parental involvement plays a crucial role in shaping a child’s future success both academically and beyond. | <urn:uuid:0f6bacab-a0ad-4494-9ab2-433bdf4de194> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://rooparenting.com/how-do-different-parenting-styles-affect-a-childs-academic-achievement/ | 2024-10-11T10:52:10Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.970694 | 1,515 | 2.96875 | 3 |
Are you trying to come up with some effective questions? Or are you trying to find the answer to a tough question? Whether you are writing a question or answering one, this video is for you.
In this video, I cover how to use Costa’s Level of Thinking to write effective questions. Costa’s Levels of Thinking has three levels and cover each one in detail and provide some great and easy to understand examples.
San Antonio Independent School District Document: https://bit.ly/2KJBdSf
Feel free to use the following templates and examples to help you take the best notes:
Cornell Note Template: https://bit.ly/3nVXMBG
Cornell Note Batman Example: https://bit.ly/34Rh17H
Outline Note Batman Example: https://bit.ly/3hrujwW
Batman Article: https://bit.ly/2McAZDv
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Whether you are a teacher trying to help ALL your students navigate the writing process, a parent struggling at home to help their child with distance learning or a student that just got a massive essay in class, this channel is for you! I walk you through the entire writing process from start to finish. In this channel, you will find research-based, classroom-tested, student approved literacy skills for equitable education!
My hope is that these videos will help you as you write in school and at home. I am a classroom teacher myself, so I know how hard teaching writing is. I use all these videos in my own classroom to support and differentiate the learning for ALL my students. I have found these videos extremely helpful for ALL students especially English Language Learners. I also provide free classroom materials to help you teach writing to ALL your kids.
- 0:00 Introduction to Costa’s Levels of Thinking
- 0:33 Background Information on Costa’s Levels of Thinking
- 0:57 How to Write a Level 1 Question
- 1:21 Level 1 Question Example
- 1:52 How to Write a Level 2 Question
- 2:16 Level 2 Question Example
- 2:33 How to Write a Level 3 Question
- 2:56 Level 3 Question Example
- 3:19 Question Sentence Starters | <urn:uuid:cb78e93e-1e69-4f07-8365-124d8f18ec43> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://schoolrubric.org/show/how-to-write-effective-questions-with-costas-levels-of-thinking/ | 2024-10-11T12:31:46Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.906857 | 542 | 3.53125 | 4 |
Scientists at the University of California, Davis, have identified the dominant odor naturally produced in humans and birds that attracts the blood-feeding Culex mosquitoes, which transmit West Nile virus and other life-threatening diseases.
The groundbreaking research, published this week in the early online edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, explains why mosquitoes shifted hosts from birds to humans and paves the way for key developments in mosquito and disease control.
Entomology professor Walter Leal and postdoctoral researcher Zain Syed found that nonanal (sounds like NAWN-uh-nawl) is the powerful semiochemical that triggers the mosquitoes’ keen sense of smell, directing them toward a blood meal. A semiochemical is a chemical substance or mixture that carries a message.
“Nonanal is how they find us,” Leal said. “The antennae of the Culex quinquefasciatus are highly developed to detect even extremely low concentrations of nonanal.” Mosquitoes detect smells with the olfactory receptor neurons of their antennae.
Birds, the main hosts of mosquitoes, serve as the reservoir for the West Nile virus, Leal said. When infected mosquitoes take a blood meal, they transmit the virus to their hosts, which include birds, humans, horses, dogs, cats, bats, chipmunks, skunks, squirrels and domestic rabbits. Since 1999, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have recorded 29,397 human cases and 1,147 fatalities in the United States alone.
The UC Davis researchers tested hundreds of naturally occurring compounds emitted by people and birds. They collected chemical odors from 16 adult human subjects, representing multiple races and ethnic groups.
“We then determined the specificity and sensitivity of the olfactory receptor neurons to the isolated compounds on the antennae of the mosquitoes,” Syed said.
Leal and Syed found that nonanal acts synergistically with carbon dioxide, a known mosquito attractant. “We baited mosquito traps with a combination of nonanal and carbon dioxide and we were drawing in as many as 2,000 a night in Yolo County, near Davis,” Syed said. “Nonanal, in combination with carbon dioxide, increased trap captures by more than 50 percent, compared to traps baited with carbon dioxide alone.”
The UC Davis research was funded in part by the National Institutes of Health; a cooperative research agreement with Bedoukian Research, a supplier of specialty aroma and flavor ingredients headquartered in Connecticut; and the National Science Foundation.
About UC Davis
For 100 years, UC Davis has engaged in teaching, research and public service that matter to California and transform the world. Located close to the state capital, UC Davis has 31,000 students, an annual research budget that exceeds $500 million, a comprehensive health system and 13 specialized research centers. The university offers interdisciplinary graduate study and more than 100 undergraduate majors in four colleges — Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Biological Sciences, Engineering, and Letters and Science — and advanced degrees from six professional schools — Education, Law, Management, Medicine, Veterinary Medicine and the Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing. | <urn:uuid:e0ef4652-c3d5-4fd6-9e61-81aaa388e14b> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://scienceblog.com/26628/uc-davis-researchers-identify-dominant-chemical-that-attracts-mosquitoes-to-humans/ | 2024-10-11T11:38:21Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.941406 | 665 | 3.484375 | 3 |
2003 Voto de la Tarjeta de Evaluaciones
To protect America's sensitive coastal areas from oil and gas drilling and development, Congress, since 1982, has included language in Interior appropriations bills to prevent the Interior Department from conducting leasing, pre-leasing and related activities on the Outer Continental Shelf. In 1990, President George H.W. Bush placed a ten-year moratorium on new oil leases on the Outer Continental Shelf. President Clinton subsequently extended this moratorium to 2012, and President George W. Bush included the traditional legislative moratorium language in his 2004 budget request.
However, the Senate energy bill (S.14) and House energy bill (H.R. 6) originally included language that would undermine this protection. The language required the Interior Department to inventory the potential oil and gas resources of the entire Outer Continental Shelf, including areas under moratorium, using seismic surveys, sediment sampling, and other exploration technologies that damage sea life and ocean habitat. Seismic surveys, in particular, have been shown to have severe impacts on populations of fish as well as gray, sperm, beaked and bowhead whales.
This provision was dropped from the final House and Senate versions of the energy bill, but when the bill went to conference committee, conferees attempted to reinsert language requiring surveys of the Outer Continental Shelf. In addition to requiring the inventory of offshore oil and gas resources, the conference language would have eliminated the right of states to approve oil and gas development off their shores. Representative Lois Capps (D-CA) offered a motion to instruct energy bill conferees to maintain current moratoriums. On October 13, 2003, the House agreed to the Capps motion by a 229-182 vote (House roll call vote 540). YES is the pro-environment vote. Thanks to this vote, the energy bill that emerged from House-Senate conference did not include the coastal oil and gas inventory language. The House later approved the conference report, but the Senate has yet to pass it. | <urn:uuid:cd43ac25-535e-47f6-bcd0-4d3b1d79eebf> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://scorecard.lcv.org/es/roll-call-vote/2003-540-offshore-drilling | 2024-10-11T10:43:04Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.945414 | 407 | 2.609375 | 3 |
Designing a product to meet customer application requirements is only part of the story. In many cases, the product must also meet or exceed federal and local laws for product safety and performance. One area of concern common to many designs is the amount of electromagnetic radiation a product can legally introduce to the surrounding environment.
Electromagnetic Compliance (EMC) testing is the study of the RF output (intentional or unintentional) of a product and evaluation of whether a device meets the rules set forth by the appropriate governing body. Products that do not meet these limits are illegal to sell and doing so may bring legal action upon the seller.
In this article, we are going to introduce basic test concepts that can help you achieve faster compliance testing and faster time-to-market and provide links to content that can help you improve your designs, minimize time-to-market, and build better.
EMC testing can be complex and specialized, causing many companies to choose to have compliance testing performed by professional test labs. For final certification, a qualified and certified test lab is always recommended, but there are steps that you can take to help minimize the test time at the lab. This may also provide some design tricks to minimize EMC with your next generation of products.
In the USA, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) creates regulations that establish the limits of allowable electromagnetic radiation for specific product categories. Nearly every government in the world has similar limits on electromagnetic radiation in some form or another.
Click to learn more about FCC RF Device Categories
If a product is within the limits of its product category, it is said to be compliant with the rules of its category. Now, let’s take a look at pre-compliance in more detail.
Full compliance testing requires specialized equipment, techniques, and environmental controls that may not be available to every engineer.
Luckily, a few basic tests and standard equipment can be used to identify problematic design areas before you pay for testing at the compliance lab. This area of testing is known as pre-compliance testing. Where compliance testing requires strict adherence to a specific set of test techniques, instrument settings, and geometry, pre-compliance is much less defined. In fact, if it helps you understand and fix a potential problem in compliance testing, it can be considered a useful pre-compliance step.
Although it is undefined, there are some basic pre-compliance steps that can help you get useful data quickly.
Here is a background note to learn more about the pre-compliance test basics
Once you have established the types of tests you wish to undertake, you may be interested in some tips on instrument configuration and protection
9 Simple Tricks to Improve EMC / EMI on Your Boards
Products that are connected to mains/wall power may introduce RF energy to the power line where it can be radiated and may affect radio transmissions in similar RF wavelengths, most notably the AM radio band.
Conducted emissions testing measures the RF that is sent back down the power line and can be one of the more accurate and consistent of any pre-compliance test methods.
For a summary of common conducted emissions test processes, click to learn more about conducted emissions pre-compliance testing.
And another on measuring conducted noise.
Setting up a Spectrum Analzyer
For more details on analyzer configuration, here is a video showing the basics of conducted emissions measurements
Impact of Input Filters
If you are interested in lowering the conducted emissions of a device, here is a video showing the impact of input filters on conducted emissions
Intentional radiators are devices that intentionally source electromagnetic radiation. Transmitters like FM radios, cell phones, Bluetooth speakers, and WiFi adapters are designed to use RF to convey information. Intentional radiators are governed by the FCC in the USA and must pass different requirements than unintentional radiators.
Unintentional radiators contain electronics that create RF but these signals are not designed to communicate or convey information. They are a consequence of the circuit design.
Radiated emissions testing is complicated by environmental RF interference and requires significantly more complex setups than conducted emissions. To learn more about radiated emissions testing, please take a look at these resources:
Near field/current probing
Radiated emissions in the far-field, as those defined in radiated emissions compliance tests, can be difficult to implement due to environmental RF and complex setups.
One technique that can be used to gain useful information with lower complexity is to use near-field and current probes.
Here is a note that describes Troubleshooting with Near-Field and Current Probes
Immunity testing measures the response of a device when it is working in an environment with specific RF-field strengths. It comes down to a basic question:
Will the device operate if it is in a crowded RF environment?
In radiated immunity tests, an RF source like the SIGLENT SSG series and antenna are used to deliver signals with specific electric field strength to the device-under-test and then observe the operation of the device to see if there are any issues.
Susceptibility testing is similar in that it quantifies whether a device is able to work as intended within a specific RF environment.
Immunity testing requires sourcing potentially high-powered RF signals. Therefore, it is typically performed in special chambers designed to prevent the signals from reaching outside of the enclosure. This decreases the need for special licensing from the FCC which may be required due to the frequency bands used for typical immunity tests.
The following instruments are compatible with industry-leading software packages:
ETS Lindgren TILE! software:
SIGLENT SSA3000X, SSA3000X Plus, SVA1000X, and SSA3000X-R model analyzers are compatible with the latest ETS Lindgren TILE! Drivers. Click here for more information.
SIGLENT SSG3000X and SSG5000X RF Signal Sources are compatible with the latest ETS Lindgren TILE! Drivers. Click here for more information.
Tekbox EMCView software:
SIGLENT SSA3000X, SSA3000X Plus, SVA1000X, and SSA3000X-R model analyzers are compatible with the latest Tekbox EMCView. Click here for more information. | <urn:uuid:9276b2fb-81a5-46c5-9b7b-a133b6c13aa2> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://siglentna.com/electromagnetic-pre-compliance-testing/ | 2024-10-11T12:15:17Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.936297 | 1,288 | 2.75 | 3 |
This workshop focuses on robotic technologies for food manipulation, especially cooking. Robotics and AI solutions for food is becoming a trend in these days. Some companies including big ones and startups are working in this field. However, food manipulation is still a challenging problem in robotics since we need to unify different technologies. The reasons why we think food manipulation is an interesting robotics domain are as follows:
- Food manipulation involves many challenging problems in robotics. For example, manipulation of non-rigid objects (vegetables, fruits, meats, liquids, powders, etc.), tool use, control of food state (raw/overcooked, shape, viscosity, content of salt/sugar/acidity, etc.), and manipulation of personalized taste. It includes wide technologies, such as motion planning, machine learning, computer vision, robot hands, and non-visual sensing. The important thing is that we need to unify these technologies to achieve the applications, such as cooking, industrial food manipulation, and assistive robots.
- This is a realistic challenge. Recent AI technologies provide solutions to handle non-rigid objects whose dynamics are hard to model. Researchers can access many robotics solutions, such as collaborative robots, vision sensors, and software tools through ROS. There are some examples of cooking robots, such as the cookie-making robot of MIT and the Takoyaki-cooking robot of Connected Robotics Co. We can start from a simplified setup, and gradually increase the difficulties.
- There are social demands. For example, replacing human labor by robots in food factories is needed in aging societies. Food manipulation skills are demanded for assistive robots to support the people in order to increase their QoL.
We organize this workshop in order to gather researchers working in related topics, share knowledge, and discuss open issues that we need to tackle.
We thank Mr Takasuke Sonoyama to provide us a wonderful illustration of robotic food manipulation. | <urn:uuid:0683c447-9109-4fb4-a70b-a0addf7b8336> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://sites.google.com/view/robotcook19/home | 2024-10-11T13:00:54Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.94118 | 394 | 2.96875 | 3 |
What Is Piyyut?
piyyut or piyut (plural piyyutim or piyutim, “poet”) is a Jewish liturgical poem, usually designated to be sung, chanted, or recited during religious services. Piyyutim have been written since Temple times. Most piyyutim are in Hebrew or Aramaic, and most follow some poetic scheme, such as an acrostic following the order of the Hebrew alphabet or spelling out the name of the author.
Many piyyutim are familiar to regular attendees of synagogue services. For example, the best-known piyyut may be Adon Olam (“Master of the World”), sometimes (but almost certainly wrongly) attributed to Solomon ibn Gabirol in 11th century Spain. Its poetic form consists of a repeated rhythmic pattern of short-long-long-long (the so-called hazaj meter), and it is so beloved that it is often sung at the conclusion of many synagogue services, after the ritual nightly saying of the Shema, and during the morning ritual of putting on tefillin. Another well-beloved piyyut is Yigdal (“May God be Hallowed”), which is based upon the Thirteen Principles of Faith developed by Maimonides.
Important scholars of piyyut today include Shulamit Elizur and Joseph Yahalom, both at Hebrew University.
The author of a piyyut is known as a paytan or payyetan (פייטנ); plural paytanim (פייטנים).
The Eretz Yisrael school
The earliest piyyutim date from the Talmudic (c. 70 – c. 500 CE) and Geonic periods (c. 600 – c. 1040). They were “overwhelmingly [from][Eretz Yisrael] or its neighbor Syria, [because] only there was the Hebrew language sufficiently cultivated that it could be managed with stylistic correctness, and only there could it be made to speak so expressively.” The earliest Eretz Yisrael prayer manuscripts, found in the Cairo Genizah, often consist of piyyutim, as these were the parts of the liturgy that required to be written down: the wording of the basic prayers was generally known by heart, and there was supposed to be a prohibition of writing them down. It is not always clear from the manuscripts whether these piyyutim, which often elaborated the themes of the basic prayers, were intended to supplement them or to replace them, or indeed whether they originated in a time before the basic prayers had become fixed. The piyyutim, in particular those of Eleazar Kalir, were often in very cryptic and allusive language, with copious reference to Midrash.
Originally, the word piyyut designated every type of sacred poetry, but as usage developed, the term came to designate only poems of hymn character. The piyyutim were usually composed by a talented rabbinic poet, and depending on the piyyut’s reception by the community determined whether it would pass the test of time. By looking at the composers of the piyyutim, one is able to see which family names were part of the Middle Eastern community, and which hachamim were prominent and well established. The composers of various piyyutim usually used acrostic form in order to hint their identity in the piyyut itself. Since prayer books were limited at the time, many piyyutim have repeating stanzas that the congregation would respond to followed by the hazzan’s recitations.
The additions of the piyyutim to the services were mostly used as an embellishment to the services and to make it more enjoyable to the congregation. As to the origin of the piyyut‘s implementation, there is a theory that this had to do with restrictions on Jewish prayer. Samau’al Ibn Yahya al-Maghribi, a Jewish convert to Islam in the twelfth century, wrote that the Persians prohibited Jews from holding prayer services. “When the Jews saw that the Persians persisted in obstructing their prayer, they invented invocations into which they admixed passages from their prayers (the piyyut) … and set numerous tunes to them”. They would assemble at prayer time in order to read and chant the piyyutim. The difference between that and prayer is that the prayer is without melody and is read only by the person conducting the service, whereas in the recitation of the piyyut, the cantor is assisted by the congregation in chanting melodies. “When the Persians rebuked them for this, the Jews sometimes asserted that they were singing, and sometimes [mourning over their situations].” When the Muslims took over and allowed Jews dhimmi status, prayer became permissible unto the Jews, and the piyyut had become a commendable tradition for holidays and other joyous occasions.
The use of piyyut was always considered an Eretz Yisrael speciality: the Babylonian Geonim made every effort to discourage it and restore what they regarded as the statutory wording of the prayers, holding that “any [hazzan] who uses piyyut thereby gives evidence that he is no scholar”. It is not always clear whether their main objection was to any use of piyyutim at all or only to their intruding into the heart of the statutory prayers.
For these reasons, scholars classifying the liturgies of later periods usually hold that, the more a given liturgy makes use of piyyutim, the more likely it is to reflect Eretz Yisrael as opposed to Babylonian influence. The framers of the Sephardic liturgy took the Geonic strictures seriously, and for this reason the early Eretz Yisrael piyyutim, such as those of Kalir, do not survive in the Sephardic rite, though they do in the Ashkenazic and Italian rites.
The medieval Spanish school
In the later Middle Ages, however, Spanish-Jewish poets such as Judah ha-Levi, Ibn Gabirol and the two ibn Ezras composed quantities of religious poetry, in correct Biblical Hebrew and strict Arabic metres. Many of these poems have been incorporated into the Sephardic, and to a lesser extent the other, rites, and may be regarded as a second generation of piyyut.
The Kabbalistic school of Isaac Luria and his followers, which used an adapted Sephardic liturgy, disapproved of the Spanish piyyutim, regarding them as spiritually inauthentic, and invoked the Geonic strictures to have them either eliminated from the service or moved away from the core parts of it. Their disapproval did not extend to piyyutim of the early Eretz Yisrael school, which they regarded as an authentic part of the Talmudic-rabbinic tradition, but since these had already been eliminated from the service they regarded it as too late to put them back. (The Kabbalists, and their successors, also wrote piyyutim of their own.) For this reason, some piyyutim of the Spanish school survive in their original position in the Spanish and Portuguese rite but have been eliminated or moved in the Syrian and other Oriental rites. Syrian Jews preserve some of them for extra-liturgical use as pizmonim.
What follows is a chart of some of the best-known and most-beloved piyyutim. This is by no means an exhaustive list, but it tries to provide a flavor of the variety of poetic schemes and occasions for which these poems were written. Many of the piyyutim marked as being recited on Shabbat are songs traditionally sung as part of the home ritual observance of Shabbat and also known as zemirot (“Songs/Melodies”).
Name | Hebrew | Poetic scheme | Recited on |
Adir Hu | אַדִּיר הוּא | Alphabetic acrostic | Passover |
Adon Olam | אֲדוֹן עוֹלָם | Hazaj metre (based on short-long-long-long foot) | Daily |
Anim Zemirot | אַנְעִים זְמִירוֹת | Double alphabetic acrostic | Shabbat and Festivals |
Akdamut | אַקְדָּמוּת מִלִּין | Double alphabetic acrostic, then spells out “Meir, son of Rabbi Yitzchak, may he grow in Torah and in good deeds. Amen, and may he be strong and have courage.” The author was Rabbi Meir bar Yitzchak “Shatz” | Shavuot |
Barukh El Elyon | בָּרוּךְ אֵל עֶלְיוֹן | Acrostic spells “Baruch Chazak”, or “Blessed be he, with strength”, or possibly “Baruch” is the author’s name | Shabbat |
Berah Dodi | בְּרַח דּוֹדִי | Every stanza begins with the word “Berah” | Passover |
D’ror Yikra | דְּרוֹר יִקְרָא | Acrostic spells “Dunash,” the name of author Dunash ben Labrat. | Shabbat |
Ein Keloheinu | אֵין כֵּאלֹהֵינו | First letters of first 3 stanzas spell “Amen” | Shabbat and Festivals (Daily in the Sephardic tradition) |
El Adon | אֵל אָדון | Alphabetic acrostic | Shabbat and Festivals as part of first blessing before the Shema |
El Nora Alila | אֵל נוֹרָא עֲלִילָה | Refrain: “At this hour of Ne’ilah”. Acrostic spells Moshe chazak, referring to Moses ibn Ezra | Ne’ilah (conclusion of Yom Kippur) |
Alei Tziyon | אֱלִי צִיּוֹן | Hazaj metre; alphabetic acrostic; each stanza begins with the word alei; each line ends with the suffix -eiha (meaning “her” or “of hers”, referring to Jerusalem) | Tisha B’av |
Geshem | תְּפִלַּת גֶּשֶׁם | Alphabetic acrostic; each stanza ends with standard alternating line | Sh’mini Atzeret |
Hakafot | הקפות | Alphabetic acrostic | Simchat Torah |
Hayom T’am’tzenu | היום תאמצנו also called הַיּוֹם הַיּוֹם | Alphabetic acrostic, each line ends “Amen” | Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur |
Hoshanot | הוֹשַׁעְנוֹת | Alphabetic acrostic | Sukkot |
Ki Hineh Kachomer | כִּי הִנֵּה כַּחֹמֶר | Refrain: “Recall the Covenant, and do not turn towards the Evil Inclination” | Yom Kippur |
Ki Lo Na’eh | כִּי לוֹ נָאֶה | Alphabetic acrostic | Passover |
L’kha Dodi | לְכָה דּוֹדִי | Acrostic spells name of author, Rabbi Shlomo Halevi Alkabetz. | Shabbat evening |
Mah Y’didut | מַה יְּדִידוּת | Acrostic spells Menucha (“rest”); refrain | Shabbat |
Ma’oz Tzur | מָעוֹז צוּר | Acrostic spells name of author, “Mordechai” | Hanukkah |
M’nuha V’Simha | מְנוּחָה וְשִׂמְחָה | Acrostic spells name of author, “Moshe” | Shabbat |
Mipi El | מִפִּי אֵל | Alphabetic acrostic | Shabbat and Simchat Torah |
Shir Kel Nelam | שִׁיר אֵ-ל נֶעְלָּם | Alphabetic acrostic spells name of author, Shmuel. | Purim Only recited by Polinim. |
Shoshanat Ya’akov | שׁוֹשַׁנַּת יַעֲקֹב | Alphabetic acrostic | Purim |
Tal | Reverse alphabetic acrostic; each stanza ends with “Tal” | Passover | |
Tzur Mishelo | צוּר מִשֶּׁלּוֹ | First stanza is the refrain | Shabbat |
Unetanneh Tokef | וּנְתַנֶּה תּקֶף | Kedusha of Musaf for these days | Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur |
Yah Ribon | יָהּ רִבּוֹן | Acrostic spells “Yisrael” | Shabbat |
Yedid Nefesh | יְדִיד נֶפֶש | Acrostic spells Tetragrammaton | Shabbat |
Yom Shabbaton | יוֹם שַבָּתוֹן | Acrostic spells “Yehudah” | Shabbat |
Yom Ze L’Yisra’el | יוֹם זֶה לְיִשְׂרַאֵל | Acrostic spells “Yitzhak” | Shabbat |
Yom Ze Mekhubad | יוֹם זֶה מְכֻבָּד | Acrostic spells “Yisrael” | Shabbat |
Yigdal | יִגְדַּל | Metre | Daily |
Adapted from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia | <urn:uuid:a930b128-bffa-4b62-8576-7b7dece51fd6> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://slife.org/piyyut/ | 2024-10-11T10:46:00Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.926052 | 3,487 | 4.0625 | 4 |
Georgia Institute of Technology researchers collaborating with and sponsored by Intel Corporation through the Semiconductor Research Corporation (SRC) have developed a physics-based modeling platform that advances spintronics interconnect research for beyond-CMOS computing.
Spin-logic aims at reducing power consumption of electronic devices, thereby improving battery life and reducing energy consumption in computing for a whole range of electronic product applications from portable devices to data centers.
“After more than four decades of exponential growth in the performance of electronic integrated circuits, it is now apparent that improving the energy efficiency of computing is a primary challenge,” said Ian A. Young, a collaborator and co-author of the research and a Senior Fellow at Intel Corporation. “There is a global search for information processing elements that use computational state variables other than electronic charge, and these devices are being sought to bring in new functionalities and further lower the power dissipation in computers.”
One of the main motivations behind the search for a next-generation computing switch beyond CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) devices is to sustain the advancement of Moore’s Law. Nanomagnetic/spintronic devices provide a complementary option to electronics. The added functionality of this option includes the non-volatility of information on-chip, which is in essence a combination of logic and memory functions. However, to benefit from the increase in density of the on-chip devices, there has to be adequate connectivity among the switches—which is the focus of the Georgia Tech research.
Among the potential alternatives, devices based on nanoscale magnets in the field of spintronics have received special attention thanks to their advantages in terms of robustness and enhanced functionality. Magnets are non-volatile: their state remains even if the power to the circuit is switched off. Thus, the circuits do not consume power when not used—a very desirable property for modern tablets and smart phones.
One of the most important aspects of any new information processing element is how fast and power efficient they can communicate over an interconnect system with one another. In today’s CMOS chips, more energy is consumed communicating between transistor logic functions than actually processing of information. The Georgia Tech research has therefore focused on this important aspect of communicating between spin-logic devices and demonstrates that interconnects are an even more important challenge for beyond-CMOS switches.
To analyze spintronic interconnects, the Georgia Tech team and their Intel collaborators have developed compact models for spin transport in copper and aluminum—taking into account the scattering at wire surfaces and grain boundaries that become quite dominant at nanoscale dimensions. The research team has also developed compact models for the nanomagnet dynamic, electronic and spintronic transport through magnet to non-magnet interfaces, electric currents and spin diffusion. These models are all based on familiar electrical elements such as resistors and capacitors and can therefore be analyzed using standard circuit simulation tools such as SPICE.
“This work is showing the way for how spintronics can create energy-efficient computation by including not only the spin logic functional circuit blocks, but also the interconnect system parameters,” said Jon Candelaria, director of Interconnect and Packaging Sciences at SRC. ”This will help establish a much more realistic and accurate prediction of computing performance and power with spintronics.”
The research paper was presented at the IEEE Int. Interconnect Technology Conference on May 24 in San Jose, Calif., (http://www.iitc-conference.org/novel-systems-ii.html). The co-authors are Rouhollah Mousavi Iraei, Phillip Bonhomme, Nickvash Kani, Sasikanth Manipatruni, Dmitri E. Nikonov, Ian A. Young and Azad Naeemi. | <urn:uuid:1c49a20c-0c59-4779-be4a-4cfd728305cd> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://sst.semiconductor-digest.com/2014/06/georgia-tech-research-develops-physics-based-spintronic-interconnect-modeling-for-beyond-cmos-computing/ | 2024-10-11T11:21:29Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.922064 | 789 | 2.84375 | 3 |
Honey, known as Madhu in Ayurvedic verses, is among the most essential Herbal remedies. Honey is used for both internal and external purposes in Ayurveda. Honey is rich in antioxidants, micronutrients, and vitamins. There are numerous health benefits of Honey. We will go over the benefits of honey, how to consume it, and some of the most frequently asked questions about honey.
The Nutrition Facts Of Raw Honey
Honey is a viscous golden liquid with an incredible flavor. It’s very sweet, much sweeter than regular white sugar. As a matter of fact, if you intend to use honey as a substitute in your cooking, you may require less of it. Aside from the sweetness, honey adds a flavor that regular sugar does not.
Let’s look at why honey has such fantastic health benefits for the human body. Honey has the following nutritional value:
One tablespoon of honey contains the following macronutrients:
Calories | 64 grams |
Carbohydrates | 17 grams |
Sugar | 17 grams |
Protein | 0.1 grams |
Fiber | 0 grams |
Fat | 0 grams |
Sodium | 0mg |
Additionally to those macronutrients, honey also contains some vitamins and minerals:
- B Vitamins
- Zinc, and more.
Health Benefits Of Honey
Honey is considered a superfood. Consuming a spoonful of honey on a daily can provide numerous benefits to humans. Here are the 14 health benefits of eating Honey daily.
1. Honey has wound healing properties
Honey has both internal and external applications in medicine.
Honey contains antioxidants, antibacterial agents, and anti-inflammatory derivatives. It can be applied as a wound dressing to encourage faster and better healing.
Moreover, People with chronic and non-healing wounds have been shown to benefit from applying pharmaceutical-grade honey to them.
Honey has antibacterial properties and a unique pH balance that promotes the delivery of oxygen and healing compounds to wounds. Applying honey to a wounded or burned body area promotes faster healing.
2. Honey consumption relieves cough
I’ve had this experience myself when I was sick and coughing. I felt a lot better after eating a spoonful of honey. However, medical science has proven that honey’s antibacterial properties are used to treat throat problems in humans.
Furthermore, honey can be used to soothe a sore throat. If you are suffering from it, Manuka honey can help. Honey contains antioxidants and antibacterial properties that inhibit the bacteria that cause pain.
3. Consuming honey will give you more energy
If you drink honey by mixing it with water, it will increase your red blood cells count. Honey can oxygenate your blood. As a result, you will feel more energy throughout the day. Oxygenating your blood will also enhance your mood and brain’s cognitive function, along with the better physical activity.
To take advantage of all these, all you have to do is take a tablespoon of honey and mix it with a glass of little warm water, and drink it in the morning. You’ll notice an increase in energy in your body.
4. Honey Promotes Neurological Health
Honey is high in vitamins and minerals. Honey contains anxiolytic, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and antidepressant agents, which increase the oxidative condition of the central nervous system.
According to several studies on honey supplementation, honey polyphenols have neuroprotective and neuroprotective effects. In conclusion, if you consume honey daily, it will improve your neurological health.
5. Honey is favorable to the digestive system
Taking honey with lemon in a little warm water can help your body’s metabolism. A faster metabolism indicates a more efficient digestive system. Honey and lemon can potentially cleanse the colon and flush the body of undigested food and other toxins.
Also, honey has healthy prebiotics, which feeds the good bacteria in the digestive system that are essential for metabolism and overall fitness.
6. Improves sleep quality.
Today most people don’t realize the importance of sleep quality and duration. Inadequate sleep can negatively affect your health and lower your quality of life. Some might know, and even then, they suffer from poor sleep quality and insomnia.
However, Melatonin is a hormone that the body produces. It regulates the night and day cycles and the sleep-wake cycles. Hence, melatonin plays a significant role in our sleep cycle and quality.
Honey may enhance melatonin formation due to its possible tryptophan content, which both aids sleep initiation and releases hormones that aid in whole-body healing throughout sleep.
7. Has Anti-Aging effects
This might be one of the best reasons to consume honey daily if you want to look younger for a long time. Honey can help to improve the appearance of the skin. It can help prevent wrinkles, keep skin youthful appearance, and avoid infection on the skin that can speed up aging.
8. Consuming honey boosts immunity
Honey has a multitude of medicinal properties. Improving the immune system is one of the most essential benefits of honey. People are becoming more aware of their health and nutrition after the pandemic. Including honey in your daily diet can also improve your quality of life.
According to studies, buckwheat honey has the highest concentration of antioxidants, which boosts the immune system. Honey’s anti-bacterial properties boost the body’s ability to fight infections and other harmful elements that make people sick.
9. Honey enhances the Brain’s Cognitive Function
The hippocampus is a brain region involved in memory. Honey’s polyphenols can help to reduce inflammation in that vital part of the brain. As a result, you may notice improved brain cognitive function.
In the morning, consume a tablespoon of honey mixed with a little warm water to oxygenate your blood cells. As a result, your brain can operate at peak efficiency.
10. Improves Cardiovascular Health
Honey has been utilized as a medical remedy since the time of Ayurveda. It is rich in antioxidants, including phenolic acids and flavonoids, which may help overall health. Research suggests that honey’s antioxidants may help improve cholesterol levels, reducing heart disease risk.
11. Honey can help with hangover issues
Alcohol consumption causes the liver to produce toxins. Those toxins are dangerous for the body, which is why we get hangover issues. Antioxidants in honey are sufficient to remove those toxins from the body. Because fructose and alcohol digest at the same rate, consuming a good dose of honey throughout a hangover influences your body to get let go of the alcohol rapidly.
12. Taking Honey helps in weight management
According to one study, athletes who consumed fructose-rich foods like honey burned a lot more fat and increased their stamina levels as well.
Honey is a natural sweetener that is high in fructose. Honey acts as a fuel to stimulate the liver’s glucose production. The glucose produced is sufficient to maintain the brain’s glucose level. As a result, the brain produces fat-burning hormones.
Furthermore, honey has an anti-obesity effect. Taking a tablespoon of honey daily in the morning increases metabolism, resulting in better digestion. At last, honey can help you maintain a healthy weight.
13. Honey Improves Skin Quality
Honey is a wonderful substance that can do miracles for your skin. It is an entirely natural ingredient with moisturizing properties. Applying honey to your face daily can nourish and improve the overall quality of your skin.
Because of its anti-aging properties, honey can make you look younger. Honey also acts as a pore cleanser, so that it may be a better and more natural face wash for your sensitive skin.
14. Honey Has the Potential to Improve Hair Quality
Honey is an excellent hair moisturizer because it is both emollient and humectant. Humectants form bonds with water molecules, allowing dry strands to retain moisture. Emollients smooth the hair follicles, making dull hair shine. Honey can help restore your hair’s natural glow by moisturizing and locking in shine.
Although honey cannot be used to cure hair loss, it can be used to improve the quality of your hair by replacing shampoo with it.
How Much Honey Is Safe To Consume
Even though honey is a natural and miraculous substance, it is still a type of sugar. As a result, its use should be moderate.
If you’re in good health, you can take two spoons of honey daily. However, honey can be harmful to sugar patients due to its high sugar content.
The Best Time To Consume/Eat Honey
Morning is the best time to consume honey in moderation. It will increase the oxygen levels in your blood. As a result, you will feel energized throughout the day. Eating honey in the morning will also improve your skin and metabolism. This increased metabolism can help you get in shape faster.
The best way to consume it is to take a glass of lukewarm water, mix it with a tablespoon of honey, and drink it. Honey will oxygenate your blood in this manner.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) – Honey, Nutrition, Usage
Q. Can Honey Improves Sex Life In Men?
A. Low testosterone levels can affect sex drive. Boron, a component of honey, helps regulate estrogen and testosterone. So the answer to this question is a resounding yes! Honey improves sex drives in men who consume it regularly.
Q. Does Honey Improves Stamina In Men?
A. Honey contains vitamins (B) that are necessary for testosterone production, and its fructose content boosts stamina and gives a slow and steady energy release throughout the day. So, yes, honey improves stamina in those who consume it. It doesn’t matter if you’re a man or a woman.
Q. How Beneficial Is Honey For Men?
A. Although there are equal benefits to men and women from honey consumption, research shows that there are some specific benefits to men. A three-ounce serving of honey can significantly boost nitric oxide levels in a man’s blood. Nitric oxide aids in the prevention of cardiovascular disease. It also improves men’s workout efficiency. Furthermore, Nitric oxide is the chemical that causes penile erections in men. Finally, honey can treat erectile dysfunction and increase sex drive in men.
Q. Is Consuming Honey Can Improve Skin Quality?
A. Yes, Honey improves skin quality. Honey contains antibacterial and antiseptic properties, making it beneficial for oily and acne-prone skin. Honey is a natural humectant, which means it can moisturize your skin without leaving it oily. Furthermore, honey’s gentle cleansing properties refresh and smooth the skin. Honey can also be used to get rid of dead cells that clog pores and make your skin appear lethargic.
Q. What are the significant changes in the Human body after consuming Honey daily?
A. Consuming honey daily will improve your overall health, including improved cognitive function, energy, a healthy digestive system, immunity, and sleep quality.
Q. What is the best way to consume Honey?
A. The best way to consume it is to mix it with a tablespoon of honey in a glass of lukewarm water and drink it. In this way, honey will oxygenate your blood efficiently.
Q. Which is the safest way to eat Honey?
A. Drink it after stirring it into a glass of lukewarm water. Because honey is high in sugar and carbohydrates, keep in mind that you should not consume more than 50ml of it per day.
Q. Can I take Honey with Hot Water?
A. No! Honey must never be heated up, boiled, or warmed in any situation. You can drink it with a little warm water, but not with hot water, milk, coffee, or anything else.
Q. Should I eat Honey with Hot water or Cold water?
A. Although it is common practice to take honey with warm water to aid digestion, it is also perfectly safe to take it with cold water. Fruit juice or normal water mixed with honey is a far healthier substitute for beverages with artificial sweeteners.
Q. Should I eat honey in Fever?
A. Yes! A fantastic combo of honey and lime is beneficial in treating viral symptoms such as colds and flu. Whereas honey provides instant energy, lime juice helps reduce the toxicity of fever. To make this juice, combine two teaspoons of honey and one teaspoon of lemon juice.
Q. Is raw Honey good for me?
A. Raw honey is the purest form of honey. Consuming raw honey can improve your overall immunity and cardiovascular health. Although processed honey doesn’t destroy its nutrients, sometimes, if honey is highly processed, that is not at all beneficial.
Q. Can I consume a spoonful of Honey daily?
A. Yes, you can consume a spoonful of Honey daily. In the end, it will improve your overall health.
Also Read, Sundarban Mangrove Forest – Beauty, Mystery, Dangers How Royal Bengal Tiger Is Important For Sundarbans Mangrove Forest How To Use Honey For Weight Loss [5 Easy Tips] Types Of Honey Found In Sundarbans
- WebMD Editorials Contributors (September 24, 2020). Honey: Are There Health Benefits?https://www.webmd.com/diet/honey-health-benefits
- Abdulwahid Ajibola, et al. (2015). Novel Insights into the Health Importance of Natural Honey. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5295738/
- Danila Cianciosi, et al. (2018). Phenolic Compounds in Honey and Their Associated Health Benefits: A Review https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6225430/
- Herman Avner Cohen, et al. (2012). Effect of honey on nocturnal cough and sleep quality: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22869830/
- Jane Alcorn et al. (2019). Honey to Improve Sleep Quality. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04207281
- Jenna Fletcher et al. (2020). Honey for skin: How to use and side effects. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/honey-for-skin
- Nur Zuliani Ramli, et al. (2018). A Review on the Protective Effects of Honey against Metabolic Syndrome https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6115915/ | <urn:uuid:326540f1-41e9-4bce-ba45-1278e3b057fa> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://sundarbansjfmc.org/health-benefits-of-honey-nutrition-usage/ | 2024-10-11T11:29:33Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.920862 | 3,121 | 2.625 | 3 |
Swanson Activities Coordinator – Trevor Holland [email protected]
Arlington Middle Schools Interscholastic Athletic Program
Arlington Middle Schools Athletics is a developmental program that promotes the academic, physical, psychological and social growth of the student athlete.
Goals of the Middle School Athletic program focus on:
- Development of the student athlete
- Promotion of a successful and positive experience for all
Development of the student-athlete includes but is not limited to the following areas:
- Academic – maintaining high educational and behavioral standards in the school community they represent. Student-athletes are to think of themselves as students first and athletes second.
- Physical – learning sport skills, improving physical conditioning, developing good health habits, and avoiding injuries
- Psychological – learning to control their emotions and developing feelings of self-worth
- Social – learning cooperation in a competitive context and appropriate standards of behavior
Sportsmanship includes but is not limited to:
- A passionate effort to be successful with a commitment to be fair, honest, and respectful, and honor the rules of the game
- The six pillars of character (trustworthiness, respect, responsibility, fairness, caring, and good citizenship)
- A code of conduct for student-athletes, coaches, managers, parents, fans, and administrators
Promotion of a successful and positive experience for all includes but is not limited to:
- The assurance that student-athletes are to think of themselves as students first and athletes second. Success is represented in many forms (improvement in team and individual performance, achievement of team and personal goals, etc.) and does not always equate to winning.
- Participation in student athletic activity that is fun and also a significant part of the educational program that represents the high standards of ethics and sportsmanship while developing good character. | <urn:uuid:7624fd0c-b7ef-46bd-bf20-7f1383d44750> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://swanson.apsva.us/athletics/ | 2024-10-11T13:01:17Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.948956 | 373 | 2.578125 | 3 |
This appears to have formed about 13 billion years ago – only 0.8 billion years after the Big Bang.
Our Milky Way has a so-called thick and a thin disk. The thin disk contains most of our galaxy’s stars, which we recognize by the misty band of light in the night sky. The thick disk, on the other hand, houses far fewer stars. In a new study, the researchers studied unusual stars called ‘subgiants’ in both disks. This allowed researchers to build a timeline of the Milky Way’s formation. And that leads to a surprising discovery.
The Milky Way thus has a thick and a thin disk. But what exactly should you imagine with that? If you look at the Milky Way on a clear night – far from light pollution – you mainly see the thin disk of our galaxy. It is 100,000 light-years wide, but only 1,000 light-years thick, and is home to most of the stars in our galaxy. These stars are relatively young. Our sun is part of the thin disk, as are practically all nearby stars that you can see with the naked eye. The thick disk contains far fewer stars and you can’t actually see it with the naked eye. These stars extend further above and below the thin disk; the thick disk is about 3000 light-years thick and thus much thicker than the thin disk. And in this thick disk we find older stars.
Researchers are very interested in the different phases that our Milky Way has gone through. But to know the ins and outs of that, you also need to know how old stars are. However, the age of a star is one of the difficult parameters to determine.
There is an exception. Because only the age of so-called ‘subgiants’ is easier to find out. Subgiants are stars in which no more energy is generated and which turn into red giant stars. Because the ‘subgiant phase’ is relatively short, its age can be determined with great accuracy. But… where do we find these stars? Fortunately, the Gaia space telescope can lend a hand.
Gaia space telescope has been scanning the sky for years, trying to record the position, distance and movements of stars. With the help of Gaia, the researchers were able to locate, study and infer the age of 250,000 subgiant stars. “With the data from Gaia, we can determine the age of a subgiant very precisely,” said study researcher Maosheng Xiang. Armed with the precise ages of a quarter of a million subgiants scattered across the Milky Way, the researchers were then able to build a timeline of the Milky Way’s formation.
It leads to a striking discovery. Because the analysis shows that part of the Milky Way known as the “thick disk” started forming 13 billion years ago – just 0.8 billion years after the Big Bang. And that’s unexpected. Because it means that the thick disk is about 2 billion years older than previously suspected.
The analysis shows that the formation of the Milky Way can actually be divided into two different phases. In the first phase, which started 0.8 billion years after the Big Bang, the thick disk started to form stars. This process accelerated two billion years later when a dwarf galaxy merged with the Milky Way. This ‘star-forming burst’ – caused by the merger – caused the nascent thick disk to form the majority of its stars and continued to form until the gas was used up about six billion years after the Big Bang. The thin disk was formed during the second phase of the Milky Way’s formation.
All in all, the new study gives us a better picture of the life course of our Milky Way. It means that long-held assumptions – such as those about the age of the fat disc – need to be reconsidered. And possibly more wonderful discoveries lie ahead. Because a new dataset from Gaia is expected in June. “With each new analysis and dataset from Gaia, we are able to understand the history of our Milky Way in even more unprecedented detail,” said study researcher Timo Prusti.
†Gaia finds parts of the Milky Way much older than expected” – ESA
Image at the top of this article: ESA/Gaia/DPAC; CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO. Acknowledgment: A. Moitinho. | <urn:uuid:ca895a82-c572-4ab1-9a06-c09f42d9790b> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://techzle.com/the-fat-disc-of-our-milky-way-turns-out-to-be-much-older-than-thought | 2024-10-11T11:08:49Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.951607 | 917 | 4 | 4 |
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The power to connect and grow with one another through the arts is electrifying! From bedtime lullabies to vibrant colors on public buildings, creative expression plays a significant role in the memories that we create together.
Music is so powerful! It has been long known that music has the power to enhance a growing child’s cognitive, social and physical skills. Additionally, it boosts our creativity and helps us to express our emotions. But it doesn’t end here, because it turns out that music can improve the relationship between parents and children. Read more about how Music Strengthens the Bond Between Parent and Child
Practicing art as a family can offer benefits in overall well-being and self-care. The art process can help families strengthen their bond and better appreciate each other’s varied perspectives. It also encourages the family’s creative thinking skills and stimulates the family’s identity as a team. This in turn can help with mental health care and well-being for the family. Learn more about Practicing Art As A Family
Community is a fundamental aspect of our experience of music—it tends to unite people, forming bonds that might not exist otherwise. It connects different cultures, promoting diversity and growth. Music encourages creative thinking, discipline, leadership, and problem-solving. And it’s a medium for individual and group expression—as Hans Christian Andersen said, “Where words fail, music speaks.” Read the full article about Building A Sense of Community With Music
Art brings people together. Displaying art in public places and making it accessible to everyone inspires engagement and a feeling of belonging to a community. The addition and inclusion of art into any environment plays a significant role in the encouragement of lasting economic growth, creating and sustaining cultural identity, and creating a sense of belonging. Read more about the Four Ways Public Art Benefits the Community
Art is genuinely a gift to the world. It's what we crave in the human experience. Art gives meaning to our lives and helps us understand our world. It is an essential part of our culture because it allows us to have a deeper understanding of our emotions; it increases our self-awareness, and also allows us to be open to new ideas and experiences. Art therefore continues to open our minds and our hearts and shows us what could be possible in our world. Learn more about How Art Can Improve Your Quality of Life | <urn:uuid:4eeb76b3-46cc-497d-8064-37e21220e76f> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://themusicalcorner.com/togetherness | 2024-10-11T12:41:30Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.940799 | 499 | 3.3125 | 3 |
In the first months of this year, four to five times as many children aged zero to four were infected with chickenpox. According to data from GPs, teething problems in children aged five to 15 are twice as common as a year ago.
Research institute Nivel thinks that there may be a ‘catch-up effect’ after the corona years. Many infectious diseases could hardly spread in 2020 and 2021. Schools were closed and people had to stay apart. Now that the rules have been relaxed, these diseases are more easily transmitted.
According to data from hundreds of general practitioners, about 150 children per 100,000 inhabitants are diagnosed with chickenpox. But many parents let their children get sick without the help of a doctor.
Chickenpox is caused by a virus. In general, children mainly suffer from itchy bumps. Very rarely serious complications occur. Adults who still have chickenpox are at greater risk for additional problems.
Pediatricians also said they are seeing more children recently infected with group A streptococcal bacteria. by Volkskrant† Chickenpox can increase the risk of such an infection. Group A streptococcal bacteria are usually relatively harmless, but in rare cases the infection can lead to very serious illness.
The number of reports of the RS virus has also increased in recent weeks. This incentive is also linked to the relaxation of the corona measures. RIVM virologist Adam Meijer recently told NU.nl that the epidemic has been dormant since the peak in the summer of 2021.
John Cameron is a journalist at The Nation View specializing in world news and current events, particularly in international politics and diplomacy. With expertise in international relations, he covers a range of topics including conflicts, politics and economic trends. | <urn:uuid:31bde35a-9b03-4ef5-8aba-beb1c805f6b7> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://thenationview.com/healthcare/33348.html | 2024-10-11T11:43:12Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.978299 | 361 | 3.125 | 3 |
Understanding Gastritis: Causes and Symptoms
Gastritis is a common condition that causes inflammation of the stomach lining. It can be caused by various factors such as bacterial infections, excessive alcohol consumption, regular use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and stress. The symptoms of gastritis can vary from person to person but often include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, indigestion, and bloating.
If you are experiencing these symptoms, it is important to consult with your healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. It is also worth exploring natural remedies that can support the healing process, such as incorporating kefir into your diet.
What is Gastritis?
Gastritis refers to the inflammation of the stomach lining. The stomach lining plays a crucial role in the digestion of food by producing gastric acid and important enzymes. When the lining becomes inflamed, it can disrupt the normal functioning of these processes and lead to various digestive symptoms.
Furthermore, the stomach lining is made up of several layers, including the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa. Each layer has its own unique function and contributes to the overall health and well-being of the digestive system.
The mucosa, for example, is responsible for producing mucus that protects the stomach lining from the corrosive effects of gastric acid. It also contains specialized cells called parietal cells, which secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor, an important protein for the absorption of vitamin B12.
The submucosa, on the other hand, contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves that supply the stomach lining with essential nutrients and oxygen. It also plays a role in the immune response by housing immune cells that help fight off infections and maintain a healthy balance of bacteria in the gut.
The muscularis is responsible for the movement of food through the stomach, contracting and relaxing to churn and mix the contents. It consists of smooth muscle tissue that works in coordination with the other layers of the stomach lining to facilitate proper digestion.
Lastly, the serosa is the outermost layer of the stomach lining, providing protection and support to the underlying layers. It is made up of connective tissue and is in direct contact with the abdominal cavity.
Common Causes of Gastritis
There are several common causes of gastritis. One of the most common causes is a bacterial infection called Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). This bacterium can damage the stomach lining and lead to inflammation. Regular use of NSAIDs, such as aspirin and ibuprofen, can also contribute to gastritis by irritating the stomach lining.
Additionally, excessive alcohol consumption can have detrimental effects on the stomach lining. Alcohol can increase the production of gastric acid, disrupt the protective mucus layer, and impair the healing process of the stomach lining, leading to inflammation and gastritis.
Furthermore, stress has been found to play a role in the development of gastritis. Chronic stress can affect the immune system and increase the production of stress hormones, which can disrupt the balance of gastric acid and weaken the stomach lining’s defense mechanisms.
Autoimmune disorders, such as autoimmune gastritis, can also contribute to the development of gastritis. In these conditions, the immune system mistakenly attacks the cells of the stomach lining, leading to inflammation and damage.
It is important to note that certain medical conditions, such as Crohn’s disease and HIV/AIDS, can also increase the risk of developing gastritis. These conditions can weaken the immune system and affect the overall health of the gastrointestinal tract, making individuals more susceptible to inflammation and digestive symptoms.
Recognizing the Symptoms of Gastritis
The symptoms of gastritis can vary in intensity and duration. Some individuals may experience mild symptoms that come and go, while others may have persistent and more severe symptoms. Common symptoms include:
- Abdominal pain and discomfort
- Nausea and vomiting
- Loss of appetite
- Feeling full after eating small amounts of food
In addition to these common symptoms, gastritis can also cause other digestive issues such as diarrhea, constipation, and changes in bowel movements. These symptoms can vary depending on the underlying cause of gastritis and the individual’s overall health.
If you are experiencing these symptoms, it is important to seek medical advice for proper diagnosis and management. Your healthcare provider may perform a physical examination, review your medical history, and order additional tests, such as blood tests, stool tests, or an endoscopy, to determine the cause and severity of your gastritis.
An Introduction to Kefir
Kefir has been gaining popularity as a nutritious and probiotic-rich food. It is a fermented milk beverage that has been consumed for centuries. Kefir is made by fermenting milk with kefir grains, which are a combination of bacteria and yeast. The fermentation process produces a tangy and slightly effervescent beverage with a creamy consistency.
What is Kefir?
Kefir is a rich source of various beneficial bacteria and yeasts, which are known as probiotics. These probiotics have been shown to have positive effects on gut health and overall well-being. Kefir is also a good source of essential nutrients such as protein, calcium, vitamins, and minerals.
Probiotics, found abundantly in kefir, are live microorganisms that provide health benefits when consumed in adequate amounts. They help maintain a healthy balance of bacteria in the gut, which is important for digestion, nutrient absorption, and immune function. The probiotics in kefir can also help alleviate symptoms of digestive disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
In addition to probiotics, kefir contains high-quality protein, which is essential for muscle repair and growth. Protein is made up of amino acids, which are the building blocks of the body. Consuming adequate protein through foods like kefir can support muscle development, enhance satiety, and aid in weight management.
Calcium, another important nutrient found in kefir, is crucial for maintaining strong and healthy bones. It plays a vital role in bone formation, density, and strength. Adequate calcium intake, along with other bone-building nutrients like vitamin D and magnesium, can help prevent conditions such as osteoporosis and reduce the risk of fractures.
Vitamins and minerals are essential for various bodily functions, and kefir provides a good amount of these micronutrients. Vitamin B12, for example, is important for nerve function, DNA synthesis, and the production of red blood cells. Vitamin K2, on the other hand, is involved in blood clotting and bone metabolism.
Nutritional Profile of Kefir
Kefir is packed with important nutrients that can support overall health. It is a good source of high-quality protein, which is essential for muscle repair and growth. It also contains calcium, which is important for bone health, and vitamins B12 and K2, which are important for various bodily functions.
Additionally, kefir is rich in beneficial compounds such as bioactive peptides, which have been shown to have antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. These compounds contribute to the overall health benefits of kefir.
Kefir also contains a small amount of carbohydrates, mainly in the form of lactose, the natural sugar found in milk. However, during the fermentation process, the bacteria and yeast in kefir grains convert lactose into lactic acid. This makes kefir a suitable option for those who are lactose intolerant, as the lactic acid makes it easier to digest.
Furthermore, kefir is a low-calorie beverage, making it a good choice for those who are watching their weight. It is also a versatile ingredient that can be enjoyed on its own or used in various recipes, such as smoothies, salad dressings, and baked goods.
The Process of Making Kefir
Making kefir involves a simple fermentation process. Kefir grains, which contain a combination of bacteria and yeast, are added to milk and left to ferment for a specific period of time. During fermentation, the bacteria and yeast convert lactose, a sugar present in milk, into lactic acid, which gives kefir its tangy flavor.
The fermentation process also produces carbon dioxide, which gives kefir its slightly effervescent nature. This natural carbonation adds a pleasant fizz to the beverage, making it refreshing and enjoyable to drink.
After fermentation, the kefir grains are removed, and the beverage is ready to be consumed. The grains can be reused to make more batches of kefir, making it a sustainable and cost-effective option.
In conclusion, kefir is a delicious and nutritious beverage that offers a wide range of health benefits. From its probiotic content to its high-quality protein and essential nutrients, kefir is a versatile addition to a balanced diet. Whether enjoyed on its own or used in various recipes, kefir provides a tangy and effervescent experience that can support overall well-being.
The Health Benefits of Kefir
Probiotics and Gut Health
Kefir is renowned for its high content of probiotics, which are beneficial bacteria that can improve gut health. Probiotics play a crucial role in maintaining a balanced gut microbiota, which is essential for digestion, immune function, and overall well-being.
Research has shown that consuming probiotics, such as those found in kefir, can help in alleviating symptoms of various digestive conditions, including gastritis. Probiotics work by restoring the balance of bacteria in the gut, reducing inflammation, and supporting the overall health of the digestive system.
Boosting Immunity with Kefir
Kefir not only supports gut health but also has immune-boosting properties. The probiotics found in kefir stimulate the production of immune cells and enhance the activity of the immune system. By bolstering the immune response, kefir can help the body fight off infections and reduce the risk of developing certain illnesses.
Other Health Benefits of Kefir
Besides the aforementioned benefits, kefir has been associated with various other health benefits. Some studies suggest that kefir may help in reducing cholesterol levels, improving bone health, and reducing the risk of certain cancers.
It is important to note that while kefir can be a beneficial addition to a healthy diet, it should not be considered a substitute for medical treatment. If you have gastritis or any other medical condition, it is important to consult with your healthcare provider for appropriate management.
Kefir and Gastritis: The Connection
Now let’s explore how kefir can potentially benefit individuals with gastritis.
How Kefir Helps in Gastritis
Kefir’s probiotic content plays a key role in supporting the healing process of gastritis. Probiotics have been shown to help restore the balance of bacteria in the gut, reduce inflammation, and strengthen the stomach lining.
By promoting a healthy gut microbiota, kefir can contribute to overall gut health, which is crucial for individuals with gastritis. It may help in reducing symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, and indigestion.
Scientific Studies Supporting Kefir’s Effect on Gastritis
Several scientific studies have explored the potential benefits of kefir in managing gastritis. One study published in the Journal of Medicinal Food found that drinking kefir improved the symptoms of gastritis in a group of participants. The researchers attributed these improvements to the anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties of kefir.
Another study published in the Korean Journal of Internal Medicine demonstrated that consuming kefir reduced the levels of certain inflammatory markers in individuals with gastritis. This suggests that kefir may help in reducing inflammation in the stomach lining and promoting healing.
While these studies provide promising evidence, more research is needed to fully understand the role of kefir in managing gastritis. It is important to consult with a healthcare professional before incorporating kefir into your diet, especially if you have a medical condition or are taking other medications.
Gastritis can cause significant discomfort and disrupt daily life. While medical treatment is the primary approach for managing gastritis, incorporating kefir into your diet may offer additional support for gut health and symptom relief.
Kefir’s probiotic content and a range of beneficial nutrients make it a valuable addition to a healthy diet. Its potential to reduce inflammation, support the healing process, and strengthen the stomach lining make it a natural remedy worth considering.
Remember, it is important to consult with your healthcare provider before making any significant changes to your diet or treatment plan. They can provide personalized recommendations based on your individual needs and medical history. | <urn:uuid:71338ad1-0ff7-496a-b30c-53f4662cbc46> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://tinykitchendivas.com/is-kefir-good-for-gastritis/ | 2024-10-11T10:50:23Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.939184 | 2,648 | 3.390625 | 3 |
Venice is a city steeped in history and bursting with unique flavors. Located in northeastern Italy, this iconic city is built on a series of 118 small islands connected by a network of canals and bridges. Its rich history dates back to the 5th century when it was founded by refugees fleeing from the barbarian invasions of the Roman Empire. Over the centuries, Venice grew into a powerful maritime republic, known for its strategic location and thriving trade industry.
One of the most fascinating aspects of Venice's history is its unique system of government. The city was ruled by a Doge, who was elected for life by a council of nobles. This system, which lasted for over 1,000 years, allowed Venice to become a wealthy and influential city-state. The Doge's Palace, a stunning Gothic building located on the Grand Canal, served as the seat of government and is now a popular tourist attraction.
Venice's history is also intertwined with the arts and culture. The city was home to some of the most renowned artists of the Renaissance, including Titian, Tintoretto, and Bellini. Their works can still be admired in the city's many churches, palaces, and museums. Venice also played a significant role in the development of opera, with the first public opera house opening in 1637.
But perhaps the most iconic aspect of Venice is its unique culinary scene. The city's location on the Adriatic Sea has influenced its cuisine, which is known for its seafood dishes. One of the most famous dishes is risotto al nero di seppia, a black risotto made with cuttlefish ink. Another must-try dish is baccalà mantecato, a creamy spread made with salted codfish.
Venice is also known for its cicchetti, small plates of food similar to Spanish tapas. These can include a variety of dishes such as fried seafood, meatballs, and bruschetta. They are typically enjoyed with a glass of local wine, such as Prosecco or Pinot Grigio.
No visit to Venice is complete without trying the city's most famous dessert, tiramisu. This decadent treat, made with ladyfingers, coffee, and mascarpone cheese, is said to have originated in Venice in the 1960s.
In conclusion, Venice is a city that offers a perfect blend of history and flavors. Its unique location and rich past have shaped its culture and cuisine, making it a must-visit destination for anyone looking to experience the best of Italy. From its stunning architecture to its delicious food, Venice truly has something for everyone. So next time you plan a trip to Italy, make sure to add this enchanting city to your itinerary. | <urn:uuid:c85951ca-f104-43a4-8ea0-781a8d8f5cbb> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://top-traveldestinations.com/ru/node/12936 | 2024-10-11T12:23:17Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.978425 | 565 | 2.8125 | 3 |
Cross stitch is dated again to the 6th or 7th century as a type of embroidery with counted threads. It was initially utilised to enhance house goods like napkins, tablecloths and even cushions, usually with floral or geometric styles. Most early items were being labored in black and pink cotton floss on a very simple linen cloth, offering a really exclusive appear significantly prized by collectors and lovers trying to find a traditional search today. Models have even been observed in Coptic tombs in Egypt, preserved virtually completely many thanks to the dry local weather in the desert locations.
The initially spouse of Henry VIII, Catherine of Aragon, famously brought a stitching technique termed blackwork from her native Spain around to England. Blackwork is now assumed to have greatly affected the advancement of embroidery into modern day cross sew. In reality Catherine utilised to sew embroidery into the King’s shirts herself, triggering rather a sensation in her own time.
Most historic parts are preserved in the kind of samplers, frequently in the type of a prayer, psalm or other well-liked motto or stating. In 1797 several youngsters from an orphanage close to Calcutta in Bengal have been specified the unconventional undertaking of rendering the longest chapter in the Bible, the 19th Psalm, in cross sew variety.
A lot of stitching sample publications have been extremely well-liked in Europe and America in the course of the 17th century and generally showcased a selection of samplers as illustrations and inspirations. Designs were being normally printed as black squares or dots on the site, leaving the option of colors to the human being performing the embroidery – very smart at a time when brightly colored yarns had been extremely pricey and so several poorer needlecrafters experienced to dye their very own thread with regardless of what elements they experienced to hand!
The earliest surviving sampler with a date on it was stitched by an English girl named Jane Bostocke in 1598. The character of her style and motifs has prompted a lot of historians to believe that she experienced entry to an early version of a sample guide. Jane’s sampler incorporates both equally floral and animal patterns as nicely as a comprehensive English alphabet.
Modern cross stitch is often regarded as independent from embroidery. Typically it is now deemed to be done practically completely with cross stitch kits, which consist of all the cloth, needles and threads essential together with the a in-depth sample and how-to tutorial. When a handful of men and women do nevertheless function designs into cushions or tablecloths, most needlecraft kits are now orientated close to generating photos or elaborate sampler-design and style initiatives which can be hung up decoratively. Embroidery is typically made use of to refer practically completely to the kind of sewing finished on to another item like a cushion or pair of curtains, which is normally accomplished to a less stringent sample. This will allow increased independence in the layout but is also considered significantly a lot more hard so is generally the sole territory of really experienced needlecraft hobbyists or skilled stitching artists. | <urn:uuid:846376f9-31c8-4e49-b313-d74d24554c30> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://trozam.info/a-quick-heritage-of-cross-sew.html | 2024-10-11T10:49:26Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.967467 | 640 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Circuits and Electronics
Skills Covered: Circuit Analysis, Amplification, Speed, and Delay, Lumped Abstraction, KVL, KCL, Intuitive Simplification Techniques, Nodal Analysis, Linearity, Superposition, Thevenin & Norton Methods, Digital Abstraction, Digital Logic, Combinational Gates, MOSFET Switch Models, Nonlinear Resistors, Nonlinear Networks, Small Signal Analysis, Small-Signal Circuit Model, Dependent Sources, Capacitors
ABOUT THIS X SERIES
Want to learn about circuits and electronics? Wondering how the electronics behind sensors and actuators works, or how to make computers run faster, or your mobile phone battery last longer? This series of circuits and electronics courses taught by edX CEO and MIT Professor Anant Agarwal and colleagues is for you.
These online Circuits & Electronics courses are taken by all MIT Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS) majors.
Topics covered include: circuit abstraction, circuit elements such as resistors and sources, signals, and networks; circuit design and circuit analysis methods; digital abstraction, digital logic, and basic digital design; electronic devices including MOSFETs, digital switches, amplifiers; Energy storage elements like capacitors and inductors; dynamics of first-order and second-order networks and circuit speed; design in the time and frequency domains; op-amps, filters, and analog and digital circuits, signal processing, and applications. Design and lab exercises are also significant components of the XSeries program.
Weekly coursework includes interactive video sequences, readings from the textbook, homework, fun online laboratories, and optional tutorials. Each course will also have a final exam.
WHAT YOU WILL LEARN
- How to design and analyze circuits using both intuition and mathematical analysis
- How to construct simple digital circuits and improve their speed
- How to construct and analyze filters and their frequency response using capacitors and inductors
- Design circuits applications using MOS transistors and operational amplifiers
- How to measure circuit variables using tools such as virtual oscilloscopes, virtual multimeters, virtual frequency analyzers, and virtual signal generators
- Compare the measurements of the circuit variables with the behavior predicted by mathematical models and explain the discrepancies
Only logged in customers who have purchased this product may leave a review. | <urn:uuid:19981865-856d-44d3-a6d3-8fe28d7e0984> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://ubbergo.com/e-learning/engineering-quality/engineering-online-programs/electrical-engineering/circuits-and-electronics/ | 2024-10-11T11:23:53Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.872715 | 481 | 3.75 | 4 |
National Goof Off Day is an American holiday dedicated to slackers. Maybe it’s time to stop living each day in a frantic work rhythm and just forget about all your worries for a day! The creators of the holiday think the same way and decided to give us one day in the calendar to just relax and enjoy idleness. It is celebrated annually on March 22.
The origins of National Goof Off Day can be traced back to 1976. It was invented by a little girl from Michigan named Monica Dufour. Her parents picked up the initiative and took it to the public sphere. Thus, a new holiday was born that allowed people to completely abandon all worries and just idle away!
As early as 1983, the holiday was celebrated not only in the United States but also in other countries. National Goof Off Day was growing in popularity—a little girl was able to come up with something that adults had not. Now, thanks to Monica, there is a day when we can’t be blamed for being lazy, idle, and doing nothing!
- Psychologists say that a complete break from work and worries is very good for the nervous system. We can devote time to our hobbies, meet with friends, and just relax.
- According to statistical studies, people who work without leave for more than a year increase their risk of depression, neurosis, and emotional burnout by more than 40%.
How to Celebrate
Take a day off and have a great time on National Goof Off Day. Spend time alone, doing things you love, or with family and friends. Forget about stress and eternal worries, at least for today!
Spread the word on social media. Ask other users how they celebrate National Goof Off Day.
When is National Goof Off Day in 2025?
National Goof Off Day is observed on March 22 each year.
Weekday | Month | Day | Year |
Saturday | March | 22 | 2025 |
Sunday | March | 22 | 2026 |
Monday | March | 22 | 2027 |
Wednesday | March | 22 | 2028 |
Thursday | March | 22 | 2029 | | <urn:uuid:c03f8dac-751e-408e-a170-4d31a927cf1a> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://weirdholiday.com/national-goof-off-day/ | 2024-10-11T12:38:11Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.9716 | 441 | 2.5625 | 3 |
What the Finnish concept of sisu can offer the world
If you ask Finns about what defines Finnishness, the word sisu is sure to come up—even if they can’t always put it into words. In 1940, during World War II, The New York Times declared sisu to be ‘the word that explains Finland.’ Sisu has traditionally been elusive and poorly defined but a new study from Aalto University is the first to break down the cultural construct in a systematic way to describe a universal phenomenon of hidden energy in the human system.
‘Sisu is a Finnish word that goes back hundreds of years and a quality that Finns hold dear but the phenomenon itself is universal,’ says Emilia Lahti, a doctoral student at Aalto University and author of the study. ‘Taking a close look at the concept reminds us that, as humans, not only are we all vulnerable in the face of adversity but we share unexplored inner strength that can be accessed in adverse times.’
In her study, Lahti analysed more than 1000 responses from Finns and others knowledgeable about sisu on what the concept means—as well as whether it is inherently a good thing. One of the most prominent aspects apparent in the data: extraordinary perseverance, in other words, an individual’s ability to surpass preconceived limitations, either mentally or physically, by accessing stored-up energy reserves.
Lahti also found the concept to be marked in the responses by a consistent courageous approach to taking action against slim odds, in some cases appearing to the respondents almost as a ‘magic’ source of power that can help pull through tremendous challenges, whether self-selected like an ultra-run or something unexpected like a health struggle.
It is hard to exhaustively describe sisu but, according to the study, it denotes an internal, latent force that moves you forward when you think you have reached your limit. It is almost like a spare tank of gas, Lahti explains; its benefits are thanks to adversity, not in spite of it. Sisu is not always, however, for the better.
‘Sisu will help us take the next step—or the first one—but the outcome of that action will depend on how we use it. In that sense, sisu can be constructive or it can be destructive.’
It was apparent from the data that too much sisu can result in burnout, exhaustion, disconnection and even create an attitude of mercilessness as the individual imposes his or her own harsh standards on others. It seems that sisu is neither good nor bad, but a tool you must learn to master.
While the public discourse at large glorifies mental strength and perpetuates a ‘faster, higher and stronger’ mentality, the answers in the data displayed an alternative view. ‘[Too much sisu leads to] denying the realities of life, as well as the limits of human strength, therefore denying the very core of our humanity in ourselves and others,’ one respondent wrote.
As an action researcher, Lahti sees the study results as an opportunity to engage in a broader societal conversation on how we might improve the quality of human life through greater self-understanding that includes the sisu construct.
‘Finland is an interesting case,’ she says. ‘We’ve again been named world’s happiest country and in global terms we have an excellent social welfare system, but at the same time we are a country that, also, struggles with things like suicide, depression and domestic violence.’ With global conversations on burnout and the tolls of modern life, understanding the extent and limits of human strength through new cultural contexts, like Finland, can contribute to a roadmap toward a more harmonious way of living.
‘We need sisu, but we also need things like benevolence, compassion and honesty with ourselves,' Lahti says. ‘The study is basically an invitation to talk about balance.’
Lahti has also recently explored sisu in her personal life by running the length of New Zealand in 50 days as part of her non-profit that seeks to build cultures of zero violence.
For more information
Doctoral Student, Aalto University
emilia.lahti (at) aalto.fi | <urn:uuid:89a581d4-c45b-4173-bcfc-65e876fe9e39> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.aalto.fi/en/news/what-the-finnish-concept-of-sisu-can-offer-the-world | 2024-10-11T11:19:13Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.944789 | 900 | 3.21875 | 3 |
Petty Office, Royal Navy
Cyril Kennedy was born on 15 December 1911 and lived in Liverpool before the war. He was a Petty Officer in the Royal Navy. Cyril was captured, together with the crew of the HMS submarine Oswald, in the Messina strait on 2 August 1940. The submarine had located a convoy of merchant ships and moved to attack it but was intercepted by the destroyers escorting it. Soon after, it was rammed and sunk by the Italian destroyer Ugolino Vivaldi. Of the 56 members of the crew, 53 were captured, and three lost their lives.
At first, Cyril was transferred to Taranto with his crewmates. Then, to a camp on the island of Poveglia, in the Venetian lagoon in front of Malamocco. The prisoners were evacuated at the end of October, and Cyril attempted to escape. He and three other prisoners, Lt. Pope (ex-Oswald), Stoker Petty Officer Oaks (ex-Oswald) and Lt. Waters (Fleer Air Arm) hid on the island. They were hoping that, in the general confusion, the Italians would leave them there. However, they were not lucky, and, after four days of searching, the Italians finally recaptured them. As a punishment, Cyril was imprisoned for 30 days in a cell in PG 78 (Sulmona), where he remained before being moved to PG 102, near L’Aquila, at the end of June 1942.
Cyril oversaw a construction crew tasked with building a «district bank of Naples» in L’Aquila. The results, he noted, were underwhelming: «as there was no skilled labour on the job, the results were rather incongruous». The dynamic 31-one-year-old soon became assistant camp leader. Thus, he was among the officers informed by the Italians, on 10 September 1943, that the Germans had occupied some barracks not far from the camp. They told him that, as a precaution, the Italian personnel wanted to evacuate the prisoners to the nearby mountains. The mass escape, thus, was executed in good order, but Cyril did not want to stay with the leading group of escapees. As the group was marching, many smaller groups left it. One of those was a three-person party made of Cyril, Dodge, and Clark, two riflemen of the Second Army. They were without food, money, or civilian clothes: their prospects did not look especially good. The only things they had were their uniforms.
However, the local population helped them. The Italians exchanged their uniforms for civilian clothes and provided them with bread «to supplement our fare of grapes and nuts». The farmers housed them at night, allowing them to march during the day. Their journey lasted 21 days, as they passed by Benevento and Avellino, where they learned of the position of the Allied troops and decided to go to Castellammare to meet them.
On 2 October, between Marigliano and Somma Vesuviana, the three stumbled across a patrol of the 11th Hussars, looking for Marigliano. Cyril acted as an interpreter between them and the local Italians. Having passed the front line in this way, Cyril was finally free. He and his companions were brought to Castellammare and then to Salerno on 4 October. Then, he was shipped to Bougie, which he reached on the 6th. Finally, he was sent to Gibraltar via Algeri and Marrakech, reaching British soil again after more than three years of imprisonment in Italy.
- TNA, WO 208/3315/7, Account of escape of D/JX.130287 Petty Officer Kennedy, Cyril, R.N., H.H. Submarine Oswald, 1943. | <urn:uuid:f9ede850-6f2a-459b-b999-3b8d994352a7> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.alleatiinitalia.it/en/stories-eng/cyril-kennedy-2/ | 2024-10-11T11:25:55Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.988593 | 798 | 2.6875 | 3 |
The Manager of Food Preparation supervises workers engaged in preparing and serving food.
The Manager of Food Preparations compiles and balances cash receipts at the end of the day or shift. He resolves customer complaints regarding food service issues. The Manager trains workers in food preparation, and in service, sanitation, and safety procedures. The Food Preparations Manager inspects supplies, equipment, and work areas to ensure efficient service and conformance to standards. He controls inventories of food, equipment, and small ware and liquor, and report shortages to designated personnel. He observes and evaluates workers and work procedures in order to ensure quality standards and service. He assigns duties, responsibilities, and work stations to employees in accordance with work requirements. He estimates ingredients and supplies required to prepare a recipe. He performs personnel actions such as hiring and firing staff, consulting with other managers as necessary. He analyzes operational problems, such as theft and wastage, and establishes procedures to alleviate tense problems.
The Manager of Food Preparation must work directly with the public this includes serving customers in restaurants and stores, and receiving clients or guests. The Food Preparation Manager identifies information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or similarities, and detecting changes in circumstances or events. He observes, receives, and otherwise obtains information from all relevant sources. The Manager must provide adequate information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in person. It is vital that they stay on top of all situations pertaining to the job. They must keep an accurate inventory so that they can keep well supplied in the kitchen area. They must also be on top of any complaints with customers in order to resolve the situation quickly and if possible satisfactorily for the customer. In order to be able to do this they normally have to analyze information and evaluate results to choose the best solution in order to resolve any problems.
The Manager of Food Preparation develops constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and maintains this relationship over time. Many managers deal directly with the wholesalers who provide the proper foods, fresh vegetables etc. that is why they must have a long lasting relationship. He must identify the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or training programs or classes, and teaching or instructing others. The Manager uses relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events or processes comply with laws, regulations, or standards. Those who work in food must make sure that they comply with all the health laws in the county, state or federal government. The Food Preparation Manager must have the ability to handle complaints, settle disputes, and resolve grievances and conflicts, or otherwise negotiates with others. He must have the ability to convince others to buy merchandise or to otherwise change their minds or actions.
The Manager of Food Preparation must have the ability to communicate information and ideas in speak so others understand. Since they are working with a lot of different people it means that they should be able to communicate well and understand many different dialects. He needs the ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences. The Manager needs the ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. This does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing there is a problem. They sometimes must make decisions on how to resolve the problem if it lies within their range of job function. Often they are able to relay the problem on to their superiors who will resolve any major problems. Since the Manager works with different wholesalers often they need to be able to contact several in order to bring in a product that is in short supply. He needs the ability to use common logic in order to do their job function. | <urn:uuid:9defb76a-f8ca-490e-b6c3-2f0f3f5f0b7d> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.bestjobdescriptions.com/food-and-food-service/managers-of-food-preparation-job-description | 2024-10-11T11:11:47Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.96288 | 748 | 2.90625 | 3 |
The iconic hill of Mam Tor, along with the beautiful surrounding landscape of the Peak District in Derbyshire, were all formed during a period of Earth history called the Carboniferous Period (about 300 to about 360 million years ago), a time when the country sat around the equator and enjoyed tropical weather conditions. During this time period, the landscape varied but was made up of a series of small inland seas surrounded by dry land. The dry land played host to numerous rivers that drained in to these inland seas, sometimes forming deltas at the sea margins.
The lush, tropical conditions led to shallow, tropical waters occupied by large reefs that teemed with all manner of marine life. Next to these lush reef environments, deeper sea settings where the sun’s light couldn’t reach, were by contrast dark and inhospitable areas that slowly accumulated thin layers of muddy sediment that drifted and settled upon the sea floor.
It would be a failure on my part at this point to not now mention why Mam Tor looks different from the chain of hills around it and why it has a rather infamous reputation regionally. Looking at the east-facing cliff of Mam Tor, you can quickly spot the difference with the surrounding hills due to the steep-sided cliff face, a face with lots of layers of rocks visible. This steep cliff face formed as a result of a number of landslides.
These landslides are responsible for the quite dramatic damage done to the now derelict A625 Manchester to Sheffield road, which is situated below the hill. The remains of the road today look like something from an earthquake disaster movie, with the broken road surface suddenly ‘popping up’ a metre or two higher as if an earthquake had occurred. I suspect this broken road, alongside the numerous impressive cracks, would make any Hollywood action film set designers jealous!
Joking aside, it is very important to note that caution should always be exercised when visiting any uneven or steep ground and especially as some parts of the road may require some small scrabbling (climbing), depending on which parts you visit. Having said that, if you are able to access the remains of the road it’s well worth a close-up view. The stacked layers of road seen in some of the broken parts provide an interesting glimpse into the Anthropocene, or the geological period of today, in which human influence dominates. Within the remains of the road you can see numerous layers of tarmac and pebbles constructed as part of the numerous and ultimately vain attempts to repair the road after each landslide damaged it.
The landslides themselves can actually be seen today. Casting your eyes down the slope you can see ‘lumpy’, grassy ground with some blocks of rock sticking out. Follow this lumpy or hummocky grassland until it ends and you will see it is surrounded by more ‘normal’, gently sloping or flat grassland. The lumpy/hummocky ground is the now grassed-over, stabilised landslide that broke away from Mam Tor.
Looking at Mam Tor itself, you can see lots of layers of rock made up of two difference types; mudstone and sandstone. The sandstone layers are easier to see as they are the predominately thicker layers that stand out more from the cliff. Looking at these layers carefully, you’ll notice that they thin and thicken, with some disappearing completely along their length. The mudstones are harder to see, though there is a small ‘mound’ near the car park just past the gate, where you can see dark grey to black rock. It forms very good chipping-style pebbles that are likely scattered over the entire outcrop. These mudstones are also present between the sandstone in the Mam Tor cliff, although they can only be seen up close.
The mudstones represent the deposition of fine ‘sea dust’ that slowly settled within the sea accumulating on the sea floor. The sandstones are much more ‘energetic’ deposits, formed as a series of small underwater landslides or gravity flows. These landslides would have been really gloopy and somewhat like a slurry of sediment hugging the sea floor, moving downslope until it reached flat areas. These slurries (termed ‘linked debrites’) originated much higher in the sea at shallower locations and brought all manner of material trapped within them into the deeper sea. This notably includes leaves and bits of wood. These plant and wood fossils can take some effort to find, but look for black, coal-looking fragments near the bottom of the larger sandstone layers, which will require you getting face-to-face with the rock. A small section of exposed sandstone can be reached relatively easily near the bottom of Mam Tor off to the side. Happy fossil hunting!
The area is well worth a visit: the views are spectacular, the walks can be quite dramatic and the geology is exceptional.
When visiting Mam Tor, please stay well clear of overhangs and cliff faces, and watch your footing, especially on any uneven or loose ground.
About the author
Dr Oliver Wakefield
BGS Regional Geologist, Midlands and East Anglia | <urn:uuid:241887e0-7b3e-4231-9564-1af83c5199b8> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.bgs.ac.uk/discovering-geology/maps-and-resources/office-geology/mam-tor-derbyshire/ | 2024-10-11T10:58:09Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.96201 | 1,073 | 2.890625 | 3 |
In Part I of “Managing Stress Effectively After TBI,” we wrote about stress and the effects of stress on our daily lives. You may recall that we gave some signs of “stress overload”:
- Disorganization (forgetting your keys, losing things, making a lot of “dumb mistakes”).
- Daydreaming about spending a few days somewhere, even in the hospital — to sleep, read, be taken care of.
- Trouble making even small decisions (having difficulty figuring out what to wear, feeling stumped about what to have for lunch).
- Feeling depressed (wanting to curl up on a bed, pull the covers up over your head, and sleep for a week.
What do you do if you feel overloaded with stress? Here are some ideas to help you cope with stress. Review the list and try out some of the ideas.
Take Breaks Often
- Famous last words, “I can’t take a break. People will think I’m lazy and that I don’t care.”
- Realize that most family members don’t give themselves enough rest.
- Realize that working harder doesn’t necessarily mean accomplishing more; instead, recognize that taking breaks can help you accomplish more and feel better.
- Avoid the cycle of going beyond your limits, spinning your wheels, and becoming frustrated.
- Take several 20–30 minute breaks each day, take more time if needed.
- If you can’t spare 20 minutes, take ten — a short break is better than no break.
- If you are working, make your home a more comfortable place by leaving your work at work.
Make a List
- List what you need to do in the short- and long-term, and set priorities — number items by priority.
- Start with number one and work your way down the list, crossing off each accomplished item.
- Regularly review your accomplishments to help you keep a positive perspective.
- Realize that you can only do one or maybe two things at a time effectively.
- Remember that “good” things can also be stressful, like planning and having a birthday party or preparing to visit and visiting other family members.
- Don’t forget activities related to helping yourself (e.g., getting rest, spending time with other family members) can also be important priorities.
- Learn and recognize the difference between what you “have to” do and “want to” do.
Set Reasonable Goals and Expectations
- Learn to recognize what you do best.
- Recognize your limitations, most relate to being human.
- Avoid letting people pressure you into taking on more than you can handle.
- Recognize what others do best and ask for their help.
- If you keep missing deadlines, be less ambitious.
- Distinguish between what you want and expect and what other people want and expect from you.
- Recognize and avoid harmful feelings like guilt and frustration.
Learn and Apply Negotiation Skills
- Realize that few of your responsibilities are “set in stone,” and most people who expect you to do things are willing to negotiate.
- With other family members and co-workers, negotiate timelines and the amount of responsibilities you agree to take on.
- If you are afraid of negotiating, practice by rehearsing “in your head.”
- Realize that taking on too much too soon will cause failure.
- Balance wanting to please with your knowledge of what you must do to succeed.
Learn and Use Relaxation Techniques
- Breathe slowly and deeply.
- Close your eyes and imagine yourself in a relaxing situation.
- Listen to soothing music.
- Take a walk.
- Talk to someone you like.
Tell Yourself Things That Will Help
- I’m doing the best that I can.
- I’m a good person, I’m trying.
- If I take my time I’ll do things right.
- Things will work out for the best.
- We’ve really come a long way since he was hurt.
- I can count on faith, my friends, and family to help me through.
Avoid Pushing Yourself Too Hard or Putting Yourself Down
- I’ve got to do more.
- I’ve got to try harder.
- I’ve got to get this done right away.
- I should have finished a week ago.
- I’m letting everyone down.
- I’ll never get another chance.
- I can’t believe I’m doing so badly.
Ask for Help
- Seek help from people that have offered.
- Recognize that asking for help is better than failing.
- Don’t let your pride get in the way.
- Recognize that everyone needs help sometimes.
- Better to ask early on than right before you might fail.
Common Sense Strategies Can Help You Be Strong
- Focus on one thing at a time.
- Work on your hardest responsibilities at times when you feel most fresh and rested.
- Have “quiet times” for everyone, noise can increase stress and reduce productivity.
Have a Back-Up Plan
- Failing and not knowing what to do next is a bad situation.
- Any time you plan something, have a back-up plan.
- Recognize your human imperfections, most people fail sometimes.
- When your first approach doesn’t work, go to your back-up.
Recognize That Life Has Many Challenges
- Brain injury or not, many people struggle to enjoy successful lives.
- Recognize that many of the issues you face are faced by others.
- Be patient, everyone finds obstacles on the road to success.
- Recognize that persistence, faith, and your good character will help you to succeed in time.
From the National Resource Center for Traumatic Brain Injury, Virginia Commonwealth Model Systems of Care. Reprinted with permission. https://tbi.vcu.edu/. | <urn:uuid:8e639467-a4ee-4843-9aa5-c33b05a827c3> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.brainline.org/article/managing-stress-effectively-after-tbi-part-ii | 2024-10-11T12:23:12Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.950882 | 1,298 | 2.578125 | 3 |
Ocean conditions off the Pacific Northwest seem to be returning to normal after a three-year spike in water temperature.
It’s promising long-term news for fishermen who are looking ahead in the short term to yet another year of low salmon returns.
A report from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) outlined the latest ocean observations for the organization that sets salmon catch limits off the West Coast. The Pacific Fishery Management Council will set those limits in early April.
The extended marine heatwave of the past few years has been nicknamed “the Blob.”
“The high pressure system over the North Pacific basically got stalled out and stuck there. And so the ocean warmed up about 6 degrees Fahrenheit,” NOAA’s Toby Garfield said.
Then a strong El Niño came through that reinforced these conditions.
“There have been a number of these events, these marine heat waves, that have occurred in the North Pacific. But the one we had in ’13, ’14, ’15 was the by far the largest in the record going back 45 years,” Garfield said.
And the effect on sea life was serious. Whales, sea lions and seabirds starved because the warm water didn’t support tiny nutrition-rich plankton called copepods at the base of the food chain.
Within the past year, the El Niño effect has dissipated, and other longer-term climate cycles are shifting back toward a more average level.
“We finally saw some of those northern, fat copepods off the coast of Oregon, which was a very good signal,” said Jennifer Fisher, a researcher with NOAA and Oregon State University. “But the caveat to that is that we saw that transition for only a couple months.”
Fisher says they will test again this coming summer to see if the trend holds.
Fisher’s tempered optimism is not unique. Elsewhere scientists are still finding lingering effects of the Blob.
“If you look in the North Pacific, the deep water is still very warm,” Toby Garfield said. “Which means there’s still a lot of heat being stored.”
In addition, last summer, there was a major low-oxygen event that caused crab die-offs. Warm water species, like the gelatinous pyrosomes, continue to linger off the Northwest coast. And the number of reported cases of whales entangled in near-shore fishing gear remained high — an indication they are being forced to find food outside their normal hunting grounds.
Overall, the cooler water temperatures federal scientists began seeing in 2017 should mean some improvement in Northwest fisheries in the coming years — including salmon. But NOAA says it will take a few years for the salmon to respond to the decline of the Blob.
The return to more normal conditions is promising, but the West Coast fishing industry is still cautious.
“The problem is that normal itself appears to be changing because of long-term climate change. We have a lot of problems in the ocean and a lot of changes in the ocean, and those are very worrisome,” said Glen Spain with the Pacific Coast Federation of Fishermen’s Associations.
The NOAA report flags Oregon’s Port Orford and Washington’s Tokeland as the Pacific Northwest’s most socially and economically vulnerable to downturns in the commercial fishing industry. | <urn:uuid:cbf65040-edf6-4f0b-a9fe-5c7a5a50ae4e> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.cascadepbs.org/2018/03/ocean-temps-stabilize-marine-heatwave-blob-retreats | 2024-10-11T11:53:31Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.953682 | 712 | 2.859375 | 3 |
Many states are moving away from pre-vocational services and sheltered workshops for the intellectually disabled. Arguments against sheltered workshops are that they isolate people with disabilities from the community and limits competitive employment opportunities that pay higher wages. Although these are legitimate concerns, I feel that sheltered workshops still have a place and are beneficial to our consumers. Sheltered workshops provide a place for individuals who would like to work but are not quite ready for competitive employment. Sheltered workshops also prepare individuals for the transition to competitive employment in a more supervised setting. There are some advantages to sheltered workshops and they should still be considered as an option for the disabled.
Provides a Sense of Pride- Sheltered work environments provide a sense of pride because they are a part of a service to the community. Many sheltered workshops produce goods and products that we use every day. Vocational programs for the disabled complete many job tasks we take for granted such as producing labels and assembling kits for cable and equipment companies.
are able feel a sense of independence with earning their own money.
Limited Impact on
Benefits- Employees of sheltered workshops are often paid on a "Piece Rate". The employee is basically paid based on the amount of products they produced.
The money they earn has little to no impact on Medicaid or Social Security
benefits. In most cases, the amount of money earned is much less than the
minimum hourly wage. Many have argued that this is unfair and almost amounts to sweatshop wages. However, the amount of money is often not the primary concern, as their disability benefits usually cover primary expences such as housing, food, and other services.
Limited Pressure- Sheltered
workshops offer a “pressure free” environment where employees can develop work
skills. Employees can learn how to complete tasks without the pressure of
working with the general public, who may not have a full understanding of their
disability. Pre-vocational services can provide an opportunity to improve on
speed and completing work tasks with good quality without being thrown into a
situation that may be overwhelming. In some cases, there are other issues such
as a seizure disorder or behavioral challenges that may limit the ability to
work in a competitive environment.
In some cases, the employee just simply likes where they are working and don’t
want to be forced to change jobs. For many employees with disabilities, any change
can be stressful and changing jobs could be more detrimental to their progress.
The elimination of sheltered workshops would take away an option for those who
may never be able to work in a competitive employment setting but enjoy going
to “work” and earning money.
Good for Business- Pre-vocational
programs also benefit local businesses. Companies offer contracts to the
programs to provide work for their employees. Companies also benefit by having
the work done at a reduced rate. It would be much cheaper to pay a
pre-vocational employee a piece rate instead of paying an in-house employee $8
to $10 or more per hour for the same task (Not including health benefits and
People with disabilities should have the opportunity to
transition to supported employment and have the same opportunities as the rest
of the community. However, sheltered workshops still play a vital role in
providing opportunities to people who are not quite ready for the next step. Many
of these decisions are made by people who don’t work directly with the clients or
haven’t worked directly with clients for so long that they are out of touch
with the reality of what they really need. Keeping sheltered workshops just
adds an additional choice for more person-centered planning. | <urn:uuid:586598bc-8ba8-4988-972f-3df27cfde160> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.casemanagementbasics.com/2016/02/the-case-for-pre-vocational-services.html | 2024-10-11T11:05:47Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.974092 | 753 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Go Fish: Catch and Release Your Anger
Product Number : W-625D
- Fun game allows children to play Go Fish while also learning how to manage and control their anger
- Throughout the game children answer open ended questions about anger and healthy ways to express it
- Children 8-11, 2-5 players
Play-2-Learn Go Fish: Catch and Release your Anger is designed to help children manage anger in a thoughtful and non-aggressive way. Each card will offer a scenario where someone has done something as a result of an angry situation. Each player will be given the opportunity to reflect on the scenario and discuss whether or not it was a good way to handle angry feelings. There are cards which also offer techniques to diffuse anger and to help deal with angry feelings in a more productive way.
The game plays like classic Go Fish. There are two decks of 50 cards in each game one for ages 5-8 years old childrenand the other for children ages 8-11 years old. It differs from classic go fish in that players must answer a question before they can accept a requested card. Instead of the usual number and picture cards, the cards have fun pictures of fish and fish names. For example, a player may ask, Do you have any Henry Herrings?If the player receives a Henry Herring card, the player reads the question on the card aloud and answers it. All questions are open ended.If the player did not have any Henry Herrings, the player would say, go fish, and then the first player would take a card from the ocean (extra cards in the center of the table). A rules sheet and facilitator guidelines are included.
Suitable for children 5 to 8 years old; one game can be played in about 20 minutes. Two to 5 paricipants.
Participants will learn:
Players will understand:
1. the importance and benefits of handling anger appropriately;
2. how to handle anger in a positive and non-aggressive way;
3. various techniques to channel anger and destructive feelings; and
4. the benefits of handling anger appropriately.
Play-2-Learn Go Fish: Catch and Release Your Anger is flexible enough that therapists and couselors can stop and explore topics as they are introduced. | <urn:uuid:a966cbac-d5a0-4897-b670-d59a8b25e172> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.childtherapytoys.com/collections/anger/products/go-fish-catch-and-release-your-anger | 2024-10-11T11:48:50Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.956402 | 464 | 2.84375 | 3 |
The York was a four-engined transport aircraft used by Transport Command and British Overseas Airways Corporation. During its career with the Royal Air Force it was one of the aircraft used by the Prime Minister Winston
Churchill when travelling during the Second World War. Post-war service saw the Avro York take part in the Berlin Airlift before its retirement in the late 1950s.
Avro chief designer Roy Chadwick, alongside his design team, had been working on a transport aircraft which used the Avro Lancaster's wings,
tail and landing gear, fitted to a new fuselage, with design work completed in February 1942. However, before the first prototype flight four aircraft were ordered. The Bristol Hercules VI engine was to power two, with the
Rolls-Royce Merlin XX engine powering the other two. In the end the Rolls-Royce Merlin XX engine would be fitted to all four aircraft.
The York prototype made its maiden flight on the 5th July 1942, flying from Ringway Airport. Once production started, from the third aircraft onwards a central third fin was added. The York C1 was powered by four 1,280-hp
Rolls-Royce Merlin 22 or 24 engines which gave the aircraft a top speed of 298 mph, range of 3,000 miles with a service ceiling of 23,000 ft. No armament was installed.
The York C1 entered service during May 1943 with No. 24 Squadron at RAF Northolt receiving the first example. These early Yorks would be used for VIP duties. Perhaps the most famous of these was
the third York which was named Ascalon and used by the British Prime Minister Winston Churchill. A futher five were used by British Overseas Airways Corporation from April 1944 for
use on a UK - Morocco - Egypt service. These were followed eighteen months later when in August 1945 twenty five were dispatched for operations with Transport Command.
The first squadron to be fully equipped with the York was No. 511 Squadron based at RAF Lyneham in December 1944 and by the time the Berlin Airlift (26th June 1948 - 30th September 1949) began, a further six squadrons were
equipped with the aircraft, with the last Royal Air Force York sortie of the operation flown on the 26th August 1949. In all ten RAF squadrons would use the York.
Despite the Bristol Hercules engine not being used for two of the prototypes as originally planned, a York C2 prototype appeared towards the end of 1943 using the Bristol Hercules VI engine.
The Avro York saw service with a number of civilian firms after it was phased out of service. In total 257 Yorks were built with the 29th April 1948 seeing the last one delivered to RAF Honington. | <urn:uuid:b2520254-9400-4ecf-97f3-7b8f44987e50> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.classicwarbirds.co.uk/british-aircraft/avro-york.php | 2024-10-11T11:43:33Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.981534 | 558 | 3.15625 | 3 |
What is the Industrial Revolution? What are the impacts it had on society? Read further to know more.
The “first industrial revolution” refers to the changes in the industry and the economy that occurred in Britain during the 1780s and 1850s.
Later, similar changes occurred in European countries and the USA. These were anticipated to have a significant effect on both the economies and societies of those countries as well as the rest of the world.
This phase of industrial development in Britain is strongly associated with new machinery and technologies. Compared to the handcraft and handloom industries, these allowed for the mass production of items.
Britain was the first country to experience modern industrialization.
Wages and Salaries
- By the end of the 17th century, money was widely used as a medium of exchange and a large section of the people received their income in the form of wages and salaries rather than in goods.
- As a result, people had more options for how to spend their money, and the market for goods increased.
Growing Population and Increase in Number of Towns
- From the eighteenth century, many towns in Europe were growing in area and population, nearly doubling between 1750 and 1800.
- The largest of them was London, which served as the hub of the country’s markets, with the next largest ones located close to it.
- By the eighteenth century, the centre of global trade had shifted from the Mediterranean ports of Italy and France to the Atlantic ports of Holland and Britain.
Network of Transportation
- In England, the movement of goods between markets was helped by a good network of rivers, and an indented coastline with sheltered bays.
- Until the spread of railways, transport by waterways was cheaper and faster than by land.
Strong Financial System
- The Bank of England served as the central focus of the country’s financial system (founded in 1694).
- In England, there were over a hundred provincial banks by 1784; over the following ten years, their numbers tripled.
- These banks provided the capital necessary to start and support large industrial enterprises.
Rich Source of Staple Materials for Mechanisation
- The availability of coal, iron ore, and other industrial minerals like lead, copper, and tin made England fortunate because these elements were essential for mechanization.
- By 1848, Britain was smelting more iron than the rest of the world put together.
Technological Inventions for Cotton Spinning and Weaving
- From the seventeenth century, the country had been importing bales of cotton cloth from India at great cost. As the East India Company’s political control of parts of India was established, it began to import, along with cloth, raw cotton, which could be spun and woven into cloth in England.
- A series of technological inventions successfully closed the gap between the speed of spinning raw cotton into yarn or thread, and of weaving the yarn into fabric.
- To make it even more efficient, production gradually shifted from the homes of spinners and weavers to factories.
- Raw cotton had to be entirely imported and a large part of the finished cloth was exported. This sustained the process of colonization so that Britain could retain control over the sources of raw cotton as well as the markets.
- The ability of steam to provide enormous amounts of power was a key factor in large-scale industrialization. In 1840, British steam engines were generating more than 70 per cent of all European horsepower.
Emergence of Railway
- Railways emerged as a new means of transportation that was available throughout the year, both cheap and fast, to carry passengers and goods. The invention of the railways took the entire process of industrialization to a second stage.
First Industrial Revolution: 1765
The first Industrial revolution began in Great Britain and spread to Europe and North America.
- The transition from hand production methods to machines.
- New chemical manufacturing and iron production processes.
- Increased use of steam power and water power.
- Development of the machine tools industry.
- Significant growth in the textile industry.
- Expansion of the canal and railway networks.
Impact: This led to urbanization as people moved to cities for work, marked the beginning of significant environmental changes, and established the factory system of production.
Second Industrial Revolution: 1870
The Second Industrial Revolution gained momentum in Western Europe, the United States, and later Japan.
- Advancements in steel production became the backbone of infrastructure and manufacturing.
- Widespread adoption of electricity led to new inventions like the light bulb and electric motors.
- Introduction of the internal combustion engine, fueling the development of automobiles and aeroplanes.
- Innovations in communication technology, such as the telegraph and telephone.
- Expansion of chemical, electrical, and petroleum industries.
- The birth of mass production techniques was epitomized by Henry Ford’s assembly line.
Impact: Accelerated global trade and urbanization, contributed to the rise of big business and significantly improved standards of living. However, it also led to environmental degradation and contributed to social inequalities.
Third Industrial Revolution: 1969
The third Industrial revolution emerged from the United States and spread globally.
- The rise of digital technology, including computers, the Internet, and information technology.
- The transition from analog to digital technologies.
- Development of renewable energy sources and more efficient use of energy.
- Automation of manufacturing through robotics and computer-aided design (CAD).
- The emergence of biotechnology and genetic engineering.
Impact: This has led to the globalization of the economy, profound changes in communication and access to information, and the creation of entirely new industries. It has also raised concerns about privacy, cybersecurity, and the displacement of workers by automation.
Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0): Present
A fourth industrial revolution, known as Industry 4.0, which is based on a recent technological development called digitalization, is set to take place in the world due to tremendous advancements in the sectors of hardware and information technology.
- While Industry 3.0 focuses on the automation of single machines and processes, Industry 4.0 concentrates on the end-to-end digitization of all physical assets and their integration into digital ecosystems with value chain partners.
- Driven by the power of big data, high computing capacity, artificial intelligence, and analytics, Industry 4.0 aims to completely digitize the manufacturing sector.
- Industry 4.0 is the next phase in bringing together conventional and modern technologies in manufacturing to create “smart factories”.
Industry 4.0 and India
A huge number of MSMEs have just started to enter the automation phase.
- To achieve the ambitious target of making India a global hub for manufacturing, design, and innovation, and augmenting the share of manufacturing in GDP from the current 16% to 25% by 2025, the adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies becomes imperative to increase competitiveness and build efficient value chains.
- In its pursuit to foster best-in-class manufacturing infrastructure in India, the “Make in India” initiative is spearheading wider adoption of ‘Industry 4.0’.
India has a robust ecosystem that has the potential to use emerging technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), Internet of Things (IoT), Blockchain, and Big Data, and it can catapult India’s development to new heights by creating millions of new opportunities of employment.
India has already developed a national strategy to prepare for the development of an AI research-based robbers ecosystem in India.
Following the vision of inclusive growth “sabka sath, sabka vikas”, the government has now given a call for “Artificial Intelligence for all”.
India not only sees this as a change in the industrial scenario but as a catalyst to change its social fabric. While Industry is a platform, production is a process and technology is a tool, its ultimate goal is to benefit and transform the marginalized and the outliers of society.
Related article: Changes in industrial policy and their effects on industrial growth
Article Written By: Priti Raj | <urn:uuid:9ca42ea9-f065-487b-ae0c-9256220e053f> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.clearias.com/industrial-revolution/ | 2024-10-11T12:46:41Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.95563 | 1,689 | 4.25 | 4 |
If you’ve been suffering from jaw pain in Ann Arbor, it’s not something that you should ignore! Your temporomandibular joints (TMJ), which connect your lower jaw to your skull, are arguably the most important and complex joints in your whole body; however, they’re also susceptible to certain problems that can greatly inhibit your quality of life. Here’s a little more about some of the observable symptoms of TMJ disorder, why it’s in your best interest to seek treatment, and how your dentist can help!
Common Symptoms of TMJ Disorder
Simply put, TMJ disorder (also known as TMD) can be very uncomfortable! It’s also quite widespread, and it’s estimated that approximately 10 million Americans are affected by it. A few common symptoms of TMD usually include:
- Jaw pain in one or both of your temporomandibular joints.
- Difficulty moving your jaw and opening/closing your mouth.
- Headaches, earaches, and even tinnitus (a constant ringing in your ears).
- Popping or clicking noises when you move your mouth or chew.
- Bruxism (grinding or clenching your teeth at night).
- Upper back pain, as your jaw muscles assist with head and neck alignment that influences the rest of your body.
The Risks of Untreated TMJ Disorder
Even though TMJ disorders aren’t necessarily life-threatening, they can still cause several issues that greatly impact your quality of life! Patients who suffer from it often experience misalignment or deterioration of their joints due to the surrounding cartilage being worn and destroyed. This cartilage is crucial because it absorbs much of the tension that’s produced when you bite and chew, similarly to how your knee’s cartilage absorbs some of the impact whenever you take a step.
Aside from this constant discomfort and tension in your jaw, it’s also possible for the affected joints to become inflamed. And if things are allowed to progress without intervention from your dentist, you might develop bruxism. This unconscious grinding and clenching will wreck your enamel—and enamel doesn’t grow back on its own. In other cases, the issue can even lead to sleep apnea, which spells very bad news for your overall health!
How Your Dentist Can Help
TMJ disorders can sometimes be difficult to diagnose; however, using a combination of different tests, your dentist can determine the cause of your jaw pain and provide you with an effective means of treatment. If your case of TMD is relatively mild, the use of muscle relaxants and/or aspirin can often provide relief. However, highly severe cases might require jaw surgery to fully correct. One of the most common and effective means of treating the issue is a personalized occlusal splint. These mouthguards can help to gradually reset the jaw’s natural resting position into its proper place.
If you’ve been suffering from pesky, chronic jaw pain in Ann Arbor, this TMJ Awareness Month is the perfect opportunity to seek the treatment you need from your dentist!
About the Author
Dr. Dina H. Cocco has proudly served patients and families in the Ann Arbor community for over 30 years. Dr. Cocco received her DDS from the University of Michigan and is an active member of several professional organizations including the American Dental Association and the prestigious Academy of General Dentistry. Her practice is thrilled to offer a wide range of services including TMJ therapy. If you have any questions about TMJ disorder or would like to schedule a visit with Dr. Cocco, feel free to reach out online or over the phone for assistance: (734) 668-8636. | <urn:uuid:c5c572ac-91b3-4f46-adbf-7e0098610e47> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.coccosmile.com/blog/2022/11/03/why-you-should-treat-your-tmj-disorder-jaw-pain-ann-arbor/ | 2024-10-11T11:51:02Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.95681 | 779 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Where has Cyclone Gabrielle hit in New Zealand? Map reveals the devastating storm's trail of destruction as it lashes the country's north, forcing residents to swim to safety
- New Zealand hit by biggest weather event in a century with Cyclone Gabrielle
- Nearly a third of the country's 5.1 million population live in the affected regions
New Zealand has been forced to declare just the third state of emergency in its history after being battered by Cyclone Gabrielle.
Prime Minister Chris Hipkins said the disaster was the country's biggest weather event in a century, leaving a trail of destruction so devastating that at least 225,000 are without power and some residents had to swim to safety from flooded homes.
The map below reveals Cyclone Gabrielle's path and the worst-hit areas — including coastal communities on the far north and east coast of the North Island such as Hawke's Bay, Coromandel and Northland.
Nearly a third of New Zealand's 5.1 million population live in the affected regions.
Mr Hipkins said there were no figures yet on the number of people displaced or whether anyone has been killed.
Devastating: New Zealand has been forced to declare just the third state of emergency in its history after being hit by Cyclone Gabrielle. This map shows the path the storm has taken
Nearly a third of New Zealand's 5.1 million population live in the affected regions. Pictured is Awatoto, near the city of Napier
Declaring the national state of emergency on Tuesday morning, Minister for Emergency Management, Kieran McAnulty, described Cyclone Gabrielle as 'unprecedented'.
It currently applies to six regions, including Northland, Auckland, Tairāwhiti, Bay of Plenty, Waikato, and Hawke's Bay.
Entire roads have washed away, while dozens of homes have collapsed in landslides, and tens of thousands of people are expected to remain without power for at least a week.
The country was lashed by intense rainfall overnight that forced evacuations and brought widespread flooding, road closures and power outages to more than 60,000 homes.
'This is a significant disaster with a real threat to the lives of New Zealanders,' Mr McAnulty told reporters in the capital Wellington.
One firefighter is currently missing and another had to be rescued with critical injuries after they were caught in a landslide overnight near the country's largest city, Auckland.
Cyclone Gabrielle struck just two weeks after Auckland was swamped by a record-breaking storm which killed four people.
In flood-stricken Napier, residents were ordered to 'evacuate immediately' to higher ground following the city's second wettest February day on record.
Meanwhile, a weather station in the Hawke's Bay and Napier region recorded three times more rain overnight than usually falls for the entire month of February, MetService meteorologist Lewis Ferris said.
'It's going to be wet, sodden devastation around there,' Mr Ferris said.
'We've seen the worst of the storm now. We've just got to get through today.'
New Zealand's prime minister said the military was already on the ground on the hardest-hit northern reaches of the North Island, helping with evacuations and keeping essential supplies moving.
Back out to sea: The devastating cyclone is now tracking southeast away from New Zealand
The Waiohiki bridge on the Tutaekuri River washed away and houses were flooded in Napier
Fleeing: Residents in Hastings, south-east of Auckland, evacuated amid the rising floodwaters
Trail of destruction: A large landslide caused a number of homes to collapse in the coastal community of Muriwai
'I want to acknowledge the situation New Zealanders have been waking up to this morning,' Mr Hipkins told reporters.
'A lot of families displaced. A lot of homes without power. Extensive damage done across the country.
'It will take us a wee while to get a handle on exactly what's happened and, in due course, helping with the clean-up when we get to that point.'
Much of Auckland ground to a halt on Monday as train services were cancelled, libraries and most schools were closed, and authorities asked people to make only essential trips.
Air New Zealand cancelled all domestic flights to and from Auckland through Tuesday morning, as well as many international flights.
Some international routes would continue operating, airline officials said, although they might need to be diverted from Auckland.
Cyclone Gabrielle formed on February 5 and has been tracking towards New Zealand for the past week. Winds began to hit the country on Sunday, before the cyclone battered the country on Monday and into Tuesday
This graphic shows the route Cyclone Gabrielle took as it impacted New Zealand's North Island
Trapped in the eye of the storm: This satellite image captures Cyclone Gabrielle from above
The carrier also cancelled domestic flights to and from the cities of Hamilton, Tauranga and Taupo.
Weather warnings remain in place for much of North Island's east coast and upper South Island, but conditions eased today (Tuesday) as Cyclone Gabrielle tracked southeast away from New Zealand.
However, 225,000 homes and businesses still remain without power and people are continuing to be evacuated.
The power grid had not experienced such damage since 1988, when Cyclone Bola became one of the most destructive storms to ever hit New Zealand, the prime minister said.
Architect Lars von Minden, 50, who lives in Muriwai, a beach town on the coast west of Auckland, described the extent of the devastation wreaked by Cyclone Gabrielle.
'I've seldom seen anything like it,' he said. 'There are three or four areas where there are just these massive slips, some of them 300 metres (1,000 feet) across, that have come down, taking out houses and roads and everything.'
Local media published photographs and video of people sitting on top of buildings surrounded by flood water, of houses swept to the bottom of hills by landslides and of roads under water.
Cyclone Gabrielle is the third time New Zealand has had to declare a national emergency. The previous occasions were when an earthquake hit in 2011 and for the Covid pandemic in 2020.
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- Yung Filly escorted in handcuffs ahead of extradition to Queensland | <urn:uuid:50c8b90b-20d9-4b75-a427-0ad076634d9c> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-11748949/Map-reveals-Cyclone-Gabrielles-trail-destruction.html | 2024-10-11T11:56:52Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.971474 | 1,466 | 2.515625 | 3 |
What is Conservative and Restorative Dentistry?
Conservative and Restorative Dentistry is the method used for dental caries that occur in the hard structure of the tooth. It is known that if the tooth filling process is applied correctly, it consists of several different stages that are easy and short-term.
Dentists begin the process by cleaning the deformed and decayed tooth tissue in the conservative part of the treatment process. Then the remaining healthy parts of the tooth come to the fore and this part is preserved and the tooth tissue is repaired. In some cases, conservative and restorative dental treatment cannot be performed because the repair cannot be performed and tooth extraction is preferred.
However, one of the most basic and successful dental treatment methods generally used is known as dental filling. Instead of losing as much of the tooth as possible; The dental filling method, in which the healthy tissue is preserved, should be preferred.
Teeth can be eroded or damaged over time for various reasons. To prevent this, regular physician control is very important.
What are the Advantages of Ceramic Fillings?
The treatment method, which is called ceramic or porcelain filling and known as one of the current filling types, is a matter of curiosity. Today, ceramics can be used as a filling material, especially as a result of dental caries and, if necessary, canal treatment.
It is a type of filling that is a part of the treatment process and aims to restore the missing part of the tooth. The biggest advantage of ceramic fillings when applying conservative and restorative dental treatment is that they can be preferred if there is not enough tooth structure to support other composite and similar fillings.
Therefore, if there is insufficient healthy tooth tissue; Ceramic fillings are used to ensure the connection of the tooth with the adjacent tooth and for comfortable use.
Another important feature of this type of filling is the prevention of inconveniences such as the accumulation of nutrients between the teeth, as a connection is established with other teeth. Therefore, in cases where tooth tissue loss is high and the tooth is not desired to be lost, ceramic filling can be applied.
How is Ceramic Filling Made?
Ceramic filling type can be applied to a part of the tooth; It can also be applied in the wider tooth area. These fillings are prepared in a laboratory environment. While preparing the fillings based on the mouth and tooth structure of the person, it is aimed to ensure the best possible connections with the neighboring teeth. In this way, no food residue accumulation occurs between the teeth.
In addition, it is ensured that the chewing surface can be used healthily and comfortably. In the ceramic filling, which provides both long-term use and an aesthetic structure, it is primarily concerned to determine the jaw and tooth structure of the person. Then, the missing areas on the tooth are completed with fine details. Ceramic filling types constitute one of the most preferred methods of conservative and restorative dental treatment processes.
What are the Disadvantages of Ceramic Fillings?
It is known that ceramic filling types can be durable for long periods and provide an aesthetic appearance. Although it is useful in this respect, the disadvantages of ceramic fillings are also wondered.
The main disadvantage of this type of filling is that it is more costly than other methods such as composite filling. Ceramic fillings, which are created by going through a sensitive working process and imitating the person's mouth structure in the most appropriate way, are more expensive than other methods.
It can be stated that ceramic fillings are costly, especially since they aim to achieve a superior aesthetic appearance and are one of the most popular dental treatment methods in recent times.
It is one of the preferred methods for solving problems that occur in the teeth due to factors such as dental caries, trauma or root canal treatment. Ceramic fillings, whose main disadvantage is cost, are among the most used techniques in conservative and restorative dental treatments.
What Is Tooth Decay and How Does It Occur?
Tooth decay is basically the result of bacterial plaques formed by bacteria in the mouth. Acid may arise from the residues of floury and sugary foods, especially in the mouth. These acids erode the natural mineral tissue of the tooth structure and cause the deterioration of tooth enamel. This process brings with it the stages of the onset of dental caries and the formation of cavities called cavities.
First of all, caries that start on the outer surface can progress and spread to other teeth as long as the right treatments are not applied. For this reason, dental caries should be considered and treated as soon as possible. Conservative and restorative dental treatment stages are among the most important methods of decayed tooth treatment.
How Does Tooth Decay Progress and What Are Its Symptoms?
Dental caries can be detected by the presence of cavities or holes that can be seen directly. However, there are various ways of understanding other than this symptom. For example, toothaches that occur for no apparent reason, and the tooth has a more sensitive structure than normal. Likewise, the presence of sharp or mild pain in the tooth while consuming cold or hot drinks should be considered.
Tooth decay has a structure that starts in a small area and progresses, if not treated, due to the bacterial density in the area. Therefore, paying attention to caries in one tooth is necessary for the protection of other teeth. Tooth decay symptoms stand out as important elements for conservative and restorative dental treatments.
What Should One Do to Prevent Tooth Decay?
First of all, taking care of the teeth and gingival area is the best method to prevent cavities that may occur later. First of all, it is necessary to apply the right care to the teeth in order to avoid any problems. In case of any discomfort, it is important to consult a dentist without waiting.
Brushing your teeth twice a day is one of the most important elements. In addition, rinsing the mouth after any food consumption is one of the practices that can be done to prevent food residues from forming. To protect teeth; It is also important to see a dentist every 6 months without the need for conservative and restorative dental treatments.
How Is Tooth Decay Treated?
Dental caries are prominent as diseases that need to be treated. One of the most common methods of treatment is dental filling. With dental filling, it is aimed to protect the healthy structure of the tooth. In advanced dental caries, where the healthy tissue is too little and cannot be preserved, the tooth can be extracted.
Today, many dental treatment methods can prevent these problems. It is known that fillings, which are one of the most up-to-date and useful treatment methods of dental caries, have a wide variety. Composite and amalgam fillings, especially ceramic fillings, can be listed among the most preferred types.
Should Broken, Worn, or Discolored Edge Fillings Be Replaced?
Fillings that are damaged, broken or discolored in any way should be replaced. The reason for this is the possibility that the caries may reoccur under the filling area that has now become insufficient. Bacteria formation from the edge of the fracture will be more.
There is also the same risk around the colored filling. Therefore, the repair or renewal of the filling is very important in terms of protecting the tooth. Care and renewal processes should also be considered as a part of conservative and restorative dental treatment practices.
Should Amalgam Fillings (Silver Fillings) Be Replaced With Composite Fillings (White Fillings)?
Today, as the current type of filling, ceramic and composite-like fillings that complement the tooth structure are preferred. However, amalgam fillings can also be counted as one of the methods used. At this stage, it is recommended not to replace amalgam fillings if there is no caries formation or if there is no complaint on the fracture or similar filling.
Especially if amalgam fillings made in a large area instead of a small area do not cause any discomfort, it may be possible to continue using it. However, if there is an aesthetic complaint due to the color difference, it is possible to replace it with composite fillings. Composite fillings are created much more robustly than before and can be easily used in every part of the tooth.
Are Amalgam Fillings Harmful?
Amalgam fillings are a controversial type of filling because they contain mercury. There are basically two different views in the literature. On the one hand, it is claimed that it is harmful, on the other hand, it is claimed that the mercury contained in it is much less than the mercury that is taken into our body with seafood.
For this reason, certain references are offered by the World Dental Association. At the same time, a statement on the subject was made by the Turkish Dental Association.
You can easily access these explanations online.
It is possible to access a. Amalgam fillings have left their usage density to composite fillings due to the color difference and these discussions.
Composite fillings can be easily preferred because they are produced in a much more useful and durable way than before. Especially the most used filling types of conservative and restorative dental treatment processes; types such as composite, ceramic and amalgam fillings. | <urn:uuid:cb39299a-4474-4a96-beff-3692421a6827> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.dentasyaclinic.com/conservative-and-restorative-dentistry | 2024-10-11T10:47:07Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.954039 | 1,929 | 3.203125 | 3 |
This PDF describes the writing process in parent friendly terms. It also provides tips for parental involvement.
This resource would be great to use as part of a u201cBack to Schoolu201d packet or weekly newsletter. It could be given to parents after hosting a literacy night. A teacher could use it as a reference during a parent conference. This resource helps a teacher articulate the writing process to parents as well as emphasizes the need for parents to encourage their children to write at home. | <urn:uuid:87ed4cce-f8db-48ab-9f61-e4e718e51ea2> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.edutoolbox.org/rasp/2462?route=astandard/7480 | 2024-10-11T11:24:41Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.970304 | 98 | 2.75 | 3 |
Implementasi Knowledge Management di Lembaga Pendidikan ( Studi Kasus di Sekolah Dasar Islam Terpadu (SDIT) Khoiru Ummah Rejang Lebong )
In today's context, this era is often referred to as the Information Age or the Knowledge Era, characterized by the emergence of knowledge as a powerful force that can steer an organization or educational institution. Therefore, implementing knowledge management in educational institutions is crucial since they are places for acquiring knowledge. This research aims to comprehensively describe and analyze how knowledge management is applied in educational institutions, particularly in Khoiru Ummah Rejang Lebong Integrated Islamic Elementary School (SDIT). Using qualitative methodology, this research focuses on the case of the Khoiru Ummah Rejang Lebong Integrated Islamic Elementary School (SDIT). Using observation, interview and documentation techniques, data was obtained from various sources including school administrators, deputy head of curriculum, deputy head of student affairs, deputy head of Islamic Personal Development (BPI), deputy head of T2Q, and several Integrated Islamic Elementary School (SDIT) teachers. ) Khoiru Ummah. Rejang Lebong. The research results show that the application of knowledge management at the Khoiru Ummah Rejang Lebong Integrated Islamic Elementary School (SDIT) includes various procedures, such as information discovery, capture, sharing, and application. This helps improve education-related policies, focusing on important aspects such as long-term planning, resource management, education quality and accessibility. | <urn:uuid:8390250f-79c0-47ad-8059-44993ab7eb8e> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.ejournal.iainu-kebumen.ac.id/index.php/cka/article/view/1977 | 2024-10-11T11:19:19Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.914179 | 322 | 3.015625 | 3 |
The global trend towards digitalization and the widespread use of connected devices has led to a surge in the number of disposable batteries being used and discarded. According to recent projections, if this trend continues, an estimated 78 million batteries will be discarded daily within the European Union alone by 2025. At the same time, the need for connected devices has never been greater. Today, 36% of greenhouse gas emissions and 40% of the energy usage in the EU are related to usage of buildings. This can all be optimized and thereby minimized through insights through collected data from smart sensors, but the number of disposable batteries used needs to be lowered rather than increased by the deployment of these sensors.
MClimate’s newest product powered by Epishine’s organic solar cell, a connected thermostat that measures movement, humidity, temperature and illuminance is an important step towards decarbonization – enabling optimization of energy usage and making buildings smart at a low cost and with minimal disruption to tenants.
“Most smart building technology tends to be retrofitted and in the past, this had caused substantial challenges in terms of installing hardware, power supply and connectivity ultimately making it both time and cost prohibitive. LoRaWAN has successfully solved the connectivity issues and with the solar cells by Epishine we live up to the promise of “only handle it once” devices allowing building owners to swiftly and cost effectively add new functionality to existing real estate with the help of IoT.” shared Violeta Mitsova, Co-Founder and CCO at MClimate
Epishine has developed a high-performance solar cell that harvests energy from the available indoor light. These solar cells are composed entirely of non-toxic elements, making them safe to use in any environment and the most sustainable alternative on the market. By using Epishine’s solar cells, sensors can operate without the need for batteries, lowering the TCO immensely. This development is a significant step towards creating more sustainable and long-lasting indoor sensor solutions.
“MClimate is doing important work to make buildings more sustainable. Assisting them in their mission fits us at Epishine perfectly. Our core value is to reduce our environmental impact and one important way to do that is to optimize the operation and maintenance of buildings. Projects like this play a big part in achieving that goal. ” says Ray Benson, Account Executive at Epishine | <urn:uuid:68e44712-39e0-4463-bc19-273a015fa8b2> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.electronicsforu.com/press-releases/mclimate-releases-maintenance-free-wireless-thermostat-powered-by-organic-indoor-solar-cells-from-epishine-lorawan | 2024-10-11T11:18:32Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.940738 | 492 | 2.625 | 3 |
Cyber warfare has developed into an essential aspect of armed conflict. Today, the control over information, the ability to quickly communicate with your troops, and the ability to disrupt the operations of your adversary are often decided in cyberspace.
The Russia-Ukraine war is the first large-scale conflict, in which the direct effects of cyberwar can be observed. Russia had and still has the reputation of having formidable cyber capabilities, which are organized through its intelligence services FSB and GRU. From the onset of the conflict, Russia has started to aggressively attack the Ukrainian government and civilian digital infrastructure with cyber-attacks. However, these cyber-attacks by the Russian military and its controlled hacking groups have not generated any lasting strategic success for Russia. This lack of strategic impact has led some analysts to conclude that cyberspace does not have the strategic importance in warfare that was attributed to it before the start of the war.
However, I would argue that the lack of decisive strategic successes of Russian cyber attacks is not rooted in the inefficiency of cyber war itself but rather caused by an unexpected balance of forces in cyberspace between Russia and Ukraine. While Ukraine has capable cyber units, such as the 72nd Centre for Informational and Psychological Operations, a major boost to Ukraine’s cyber capabilities was caused by the active involvement of private tech companies.
Defensive and Offensive Cyber-support by Private Companies
While Russia prepared its cyber offence before the war, global tech companies, such as Google or Microsoft prepared the defence of Ukrainian government data. Only days before the initial attack of Russia on Ukraine, Microsoft transferred large amounts of vital government data to its servers in the US, which protected them from the following cyber-attacks. Google's Threat Analysis Group (TAG), and Microsoft’s Threat Intelligence Center (MSTIC) play a crucial part in the cyber defence effort of Ukraine. These cyber security units of global tech companies are actively engaged in the detection and countering of Russian cyber attacks on Ukrainian government infrastructure, such as the Foxblade wiper attack. Microsoft reports that it spent 239 million USD in support of Ukraine until June 2022. In addition to these direct interventions in the Russia-Ukraine war, companies such as Google and Microsoft indirectly support Ukraine by disrupting Russian information warfare operations on their platforms. Google reports that it has disrupted over 1,950 instances of such operations in 2022. Next to these defensive operations, global tech companies are also involved in offensive operations of the Ukrainian military. The star link system, which is provided to Ukraine free of charge, is the backbone of Ukraine's military communication in the field and is a central piece of any offensive military operation. Through the increased interconnectedness of its forces, Ukraine managed to reduce the average strike time of an artillery attack from 20 minutes after detection of the target to around one minute.
The New Balance of Power in Cyberspace
While states still have the monopoly of power in traditional warfare, cyberspace is at least partly operated and owned by private companies. These companies have access to vast financial and data resources, which makes them digital superpowers. Microsoft plans to invest over 20 billion USD into cybersecurity in the next five years. For reference, Germany's foreign intelligence service BND currently has an annual budget of around 1 billion USD. In addition to these vast financial resources, private tech companies have access to large amounts of data. Microsoft’s Threat Intelligence Centre can use the data of 24 trillion signals that Microsoft receives daily through all the devices and operating systems running on Windows.
Only global superpowers, such as the USA or China might be able to rival these vast resources. For any smaller country, they are impossible to match. Governments will have to find a way to deal with this reality in cyberspace. Many civil society organizations and governments want to curb the market power of global tech companies. In the future, they might also have to address the cyber war capabilities of these companies.
Felix Heuner is a bachelor's student of European Studies at Maastricht University. He has always been interested in international security, and through his bachelor's degree, he was able to focus more on the European / EU side of security cooperation. In 2023, Felix did an exchange semester at Yonsei University in Korea, where he had the opportunity to dive deeper into Cybersecurity and the east-Asian security field. Aside from his studies, Felix is active in the Erasmus Student Network, where he was a board member from 2022-2023. | <urn:uuid:c055ede9-8d10-484a-b827-f619d9b4f3c1> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.epis-thinktank.de/en/post/the-impact-of-private-tech-companies-on-cyberwar | 2024-10-11T11:49:18Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.965802 | 909 | 3.171875 | 3 |
Your dermatologist, your mother and your mother-in-law agree: sunscreen is important! Sadly, conventional sunscreens are packed full of toxins that are pretty scary. In fact, the FDA recently reported that only 2 of the 16 commonly used ingredients in over-the-counter sunscreens are considered safe – yikes! Luckily, the FDA is enforcing new guidelines that require sunscreen manufacturers to prove they are using safe and effective ingredients. And, in the meantime, we’ve got your back (and shoulders, knees, and toes!) covered with these safe, effective, natural sunscreen options. To help you find the best one for your family, here’s a handy rundown on how to choose a natural sunscreen, what to avoid and three of our top picks!
Top 4 Things To Avoid For A Natural Sunscreen
Be wary of spray sunscreen, but, before you run away, clutching your spray sunscreens to your chest, hear us out! Spray sunscreens create – obviously- a spray, which releases nanoparticles in the air. Even safe mineral products, like titanium dioxide, are not designed to be inhaled and can pose a risk to our lung health. Many of the ingredients used in chemical sunscreens are not safe for our skin and organs and this risk is magnified when inhaled.
Toxic UV-filters, UVB-filters and UVB-absorbers like Oxybenzone, Octinoxate, Homosalate. Oxybenzone and Octinoxate, increase the skin’s ability to absorb other potentially toxic chemicals from the environment and can disrupt hormonal function and even cause organ system toxicity. Research has shown that homosalate may be an endocrine and hormone disruptor, has been shown to increase the absorption of pesticides from our precious coral reefs and marine life to pregnant or breastfeeding women, nursing infants, and anyone who is regularly exposed to large quantities of pesticides.
Retinyl Palmitate is a form of vitamin A that’s used as a skin conditioner and an active ingredient in sunscreen products. Oddly enough, retinyl palmitate is a possible carcinogen that responds to light, so it could actually be responsible for causing and accelerating UV-related skin damage. It also has the potential for causing reproductive toxicity.
Fragrances – The one word “fragrance” is actually a blanket term used to designate the presence of what can be hundreds of toxic ingredients. Fragrance chemicals can pass through the skin and enter the bloodstream. They are manufactured from petroleum and coal tar and are classified as carcinogens, hormone disruptors, neurotoxins, skin, and respiratory irritants.
3 Natural Sunscreens We Are Loving Right Now
Our Top Pick For Everyone, Every Day:
Beautycounter Countersun Collection is a great natural sunscreen option for the whole family which boasts an effective non-nano zinc oxide formula, a physical mineral barrier that shields your skin from UVA, UVB and Blue Light rays, as well as antioxidant-rich California Poppy. The reef-safe line is available in three formulas, one of which is a spray (we know, we’re excited too!):
SPF 30 Lotion, no sticky white residue.
- SPF 30 Tinted Lotion, tinted to blend seamlessly into a range of skin tones for no white sunscreen-y look!
SPF 30 Mist, a spray sunscreen that is air-propelled, avoiding toxic accelerants and respiratory irritants.
- Dew Skin Tinted Moisturizer with SPF 20, a sheer, dewy tinted moisturizer in a variety of pigments.
Nobody’s Perfect: the formula contains some natural oils like citrus and peppermint, which can trigger allergies in people who are sensitive to them.
Best Kids Sunscreen:
Adorable Baby Sunscreen SPF 30+ is a mineral-based sunscreen available in lotion and a stick and contains no synthetic or chemical ingredients. Their non-toxic sunscreen formula uses non-nano zinc as the active ingredient and the lotions rub in clear for a smooth and clean look. It is highly rated for safety in the Environmental Working Group’s database and contains only 1 and 2 scoring ingredients, the best possible scores.
Nobody’s Perfect: Like other non-toxic sunscreens (and conventional sunscreens, too) be careful not to let the bottle overheat as the formula can break down and lose efficacy, and reapply often, especially if you’re in and out of the water and toweling off frequently!
Best Drugstore Option:
Neutrogena Pure & Free Baby Sunscreen SPF 50 is an easy to find option, with the brand being one you can usually find at a local drugstore in a pinch. The formula provides 100% mineral sun protection that features naturally-sourced zinc oxide and broad spectrum UVA/UVB baby sun protection. It’s also free of irritating chemicals, fragrance, parabens, phthalates, and dyes.
Nobody’s Perfect: the brand uses Dimethicone and CETYL PEG/PPG-10. 1 DIMETHICONE which are conditioning agents used for that smooth, powdery feeling, but have some concern of organ system toxicity, however, the data is limited and the EWG gives the formula a great safety rating.
There have been so many positive steps towards safer natural sunscreen options in recent years, with mineral sunscreen products up 41% over the past decade and over 99% of the EWG’s yearly Guide To Sunscreens featuring filtering UVA rays! Make sure to utilize resources like the EWG Skin Deep Database to find a product you love. To learn how to find natural options in cosmetics, personal care, laundry, and cleaning products, check out our Chemical Free Product Guides, and make choosing safer products something you did on your summer vacation. | <urn:uuid:6c2f8dce-454c-43c6-9d0d-b6b4fa7b06f5> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.forceofnatureclean.com/natural-sunscreen-for-the-family/ | 2024-10-11T11:09:02Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.912377 | 1,227 | 2.734375 | 3 |
More than 320 coronavirus vaccines are currently in development, and on the one hand, that’s great news — the more vaccine candidates, the greater our chances of finding one that’s effective.
On the other, the fact that this development is happening at different labs and in different studies all across the globe makes it really hard to accurately compare COVID-19 vaccines.
“When you start off (with developing potential new vaccines) especially with a new disease, everyone develops their own assays, they all use different protocols and different reagents,” Melanie Saville, director of vaccine R&D at the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI), told Reuters.
It will give us a chance to really make sure we are comparing apples with apples.
That means two labs could test the same sample from a person given a COVID-19 vaccine and get two sets of results — they might come to two different conclusions about the level of antibodies in the sample, for example.
Saville compares this to asking several chefs to make the same dish — because they might buy ingredients at different stores or opt for different brands, the finished meals won’t be exactly the same.
That variability makes it hard to compare COVID-19 vaccines accurately, which, in turn, makes it hard to know for sure which vaccine is most deserving of funding — and the cost of developing a vaccine can range from $150 million to more than a billion dollars.
In an effort to eliminate this issue, CEPI has organized a network of seven labs that will study samples of people or animals given COVID-19 vaccines, using the exact same techniques. This uniformity will make it easier to compare COVID-19 vaccines, according to Saville.
“It will give us a chance to really make sure we are comparing apples with apples,” she explained.
CEPI is inviting all COVID-19 vaccine developers to take advantage of its network, a process that starts with the completion of a sample analysis request form. Someone from CEPI will then contact the developer with details on how to ship their vaccine samples to the closest CEPI lab.
The lab will then conduct a number of tests to see what kind of immune response the vaccine elicited — the tests will be conducted in exactly the same way, using the exact same equipment, regardless of which lab receives the sample.
The CEPI lab will then send the vaccine’s developer an analytical report on its performance, as well as the raw data from the testing — data that will be invaluable to efforts to compare COVID-19 vaccines.
Researchers working on several candidates could send in samples for each, and then look at CEPI’s report to determine which deserves further development.
Governments and other organizations could also request the reports from researchers as they try to determine which of the many vaccines is most worthy of funding — armed with the CEPI reports, we’ll be able to compare COVID-19 vaccines more effectively than if we were relying on different data from various labs.
To make the project as accessible as possible, CEPI is even covering the cost of testing — the developer will only be responsible for the cost of shipping. Initially, CEPI will only test samples from earlier trial stages, but it hopes to expand the project to include samples from Phase 3 trials in the coming months.
We’d love to hear from you! If you have a comment about this article or if you have a tip for a future Freethink story, please email us at [email protected]. | <urn:uuid:d8590129-8ffa-4759-b228-7c5994276463> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.freethink.com/health/compare-covid-19-vaccines | 2024-10-11T10:47:33Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.956435 | 748 | 3.03125 | 3 |
Heat transfer is the movement of thermal energy (the fancy scientific name for “heat”) from one area or object to another. Heat naturally moves toward cooler areas, in an attempt to create a temperature equilibrium. In terms of how heat transfer manifests itself in a home, we can see this in a couple of scenarios.
Heat Transfer Throughout the Year
First, in the winter, the warm air from inside your home will naturally try to escape out into the cold. If your home is not properly insulated, or if the weatherstripping on your windows and doors is faulty, lots of heat will escape and you will be left with a home that’s chilly and a high energy bill. Likewise, in the summer, the warm air from outside will try to work its way into your nice air-conditioned home. Because it is in heat’s nature to move this way, heat transfer can be quite a force to contend with.
Fortifying Your Home Against Heat Transfer
To reduce heat transfer and make sure your home is as energy efficient as possible, it’s important to have:
- Windows with Low-E glass, stainless-steel spacers, and insulated frames
- A roofing system that is in good working order
- Adequate insulation in your walls and attic
- Energy-efficient doors
While there’s no stopping science from running its course, with Frey Construction on your side, you can make sure your home is as well-equipped as possible to combat heat transfer. As a full-service home improvement company, we can install energy-efficient windows, doors, and siding on your home, as well as an entirely new roofing system to ensure that your home is doing all that it can to minimize heat transfer and keep you and your family safe and comfortable.
Get Started Today
Contact Frey Construction today to schedule an in-home consultation at a time that is convenient for you. | <urn:uuid:5f82696b-dcd9-4864-913d-167ce2c3d567> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.freyconstruction.com/blog/what-is-heat-transfer | 2024-10-11T11:42:15Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.938023 | 397 | 2.78125 | 3 |
New Times, New Rules: Responsible Gaming in the Modern Era
Responsible Gaming: In recent years, the landscape of iGaming has undergone significant changes, particularly in terms of diverse responsible gaming practices. As the industry continues to evolve, the importance of responsible behavior has gained prominence, aiming to ensure a safer and more enjoyable experience for players. This article explores the difference between responsible and problematic behavior and provides valuable strategies to foster a healthier and more enjoyable gaming experience while preventing addiction.
Difference Between Responsible and Problem iGaming
Responsible iGaming refers to the concept of engaging in gaming activities in a manner that is controlled, enjoyable, and does not result in harm to oneself or others.
It involves understanding the risks involved, setting limits on time and money spent, and maintaining a healthy balance between online activities and other aspects of life. On the other hand, problematic behavior refers to actions that disrupt an individual’s well-being, resulting in negative consequences such as financial difficulties, strained relationships, and emotional distress.
How Responsible iGaming has Changed During the Last Years
Over the years, responsible iGaming practices have evolved significantly to keep pace with social changes and advancements in technology. The introduction of online iGaming platforms and mobile apps has made this form of entertainment more accessible than ever before. Consequently, responsible measures have adapted to address the unique challenges and opportunities presented by these new platforms.
Many reputable online casinos and betting operators now prioritize responsible iGaming initiatives. They incorporate features such as self-exclusion programs, deposit limits, reality checks, and time-out options, empowering players to set boundaries and control their iGaming habits. Additionally, these platforms often provide educational resources on responsible iGaming, ensuring that players are well-informed about the risks involved and how to mitigate them.
Who Might Be More at Risk of Problem iGaming Behaviors
- Younger individuals, particularly those in the age range of 18-24, are often more influenced by iGaming due to their higher exposure to online platforms and mobile apps. This demographic tends to be more tech-savvy and may find it easier to access iGaming opportunities, increasing their susceptibility to developing iGaming addiction.
- Furthermore, individuals with pre-existing mental health conditions are at a higher risk.
- People who have struggled with substance abuse are more likely to develop a iGaming addiction. In fact, 73% of people with iGaming addictions also have a problem with alcohol. This shows that addictive behaviors can go hand in hand and make each other worse. It’s important to treat multiple dependencies at the same time.
- Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is another contributing factor to problem iGaming.
- Finally, family history plays a role in the vulnerability to problem iGaming. Approximately 1 in 4 at-risk or problem gamblers have someone in their families who has/had a iGaming problem. Genetic and environmental factors within families can contribute to the development of iGaming-related issues, emphasizing the importance of early intervention and support systems for individuals with a family history of iGaming problems.
However, it is crucial to note that anyone, regardless of their demographic, can be at risk, and responsible iGaming measures aim to protect all individuals from harm.
How to Prevent Addiction
Preventing iGaming addiction requires a multi-faceted approach that combines individual responsibility, industry regulations, and community support. Here are some key strategies for promoting responsible iGaming:
Self-Awareness and Informed Decision-Making: It’s crucial for players to educate themselves about the potential risks associated with gaming and gain a clear understanding of their personal limits. By being mindful of warning signs and regularly evaluating their iGaming behavior, individuals can proactively prevent addiction.
Setting Limits: Setting personal boundaries on time and financial commitments in iGaming is essential. This can be accomplished by making use of responsible gaming tools provided by operators, such as limits on deposits and time, or options for self-exclusion.
Seeking Support: If individuals recognize they have a iGaming problem or are at risk, seeking help is vital. Professional counseling, support groups, and helplines are available to provide assistance and guidance.
Industry Responsibility: Gaming operators have a responsibility to establish comprehensive policies and practices for responsible gaming. This entails providing transparent information regarding winning probabilities, presenting self-exclusion alternatives, and utilizing advanced technologies to identify and assist players who may be at risk. | <urn:uuid:69a8c703-e42c-4d3c-8590-6f9551e5b98c> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.genxsoft.info/news/new-times-new-rules-responsible-gaming-in-the-modern-era/ | 2024-10-11T11:50:33Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.944582 | 912 | 2.734375 | 3 |
- Hazleton Area School District
- School Bus Safety
SCHOOL BUS SAFETYThe following are some basic rules students are to follow when riding the school bus:Bus Stop & Boarding The School Bus- While at the bus stop, wait quietly in a safe place well away from the road.- Do not play, push or shove at the bus stop.- Keep the roadway clear of books, clothing and other articles. Never play in thepath of traffic, and stand away from the road when the bus approaches.- Do not push or shove when boarding the bus.- Remember that students living on the opposite side of the road from the busstop should wait on their side until the bus arrives. Watch for the red flashinglights and stop arm extended. Cross only when all traffic has stopped.- Always cross the street in front of the bus.- Hold onto the handrail when going up and down the stairs.- Go directly to a seat and remain seated facing forward during the entire ride.Riding The School Bus- Stay in your seat while the bus is in motion.- Obey the driver's instructions.- The bus driver is authorized to assign seats.- Observe the same conduct as in the classroom.- Be courteous, use no profane language.- Never throw things on the bus or out the window.- Keep the aisles clear at all times. Feet should be directly in front of you on thefloor and backpacks should be kept on your lap and not in the aisle or blockingemergency exits.- Hands should be kept to yourself at all times while riding on the bus.- Fighting and picking on others is prohibited.- Do not extend arms, legs or head out of the bus.- Do not deface the bus. Seat coverings must not be damaged in anymanner. Anyone caught damaging the equipment will be subject to disciplinaryaction and/or restitution.- Keep the bus clean.- Smoking, eating, and drinking are not permitted on the school bus.Please be aware that buses are equipped with audio and video capabilities toensure safety and act a deterrent to misbehavior. Signs areposted in the vehicles.NOTE:In accordance with Act 65 of 1998, House Bill 80, a person who enters aschool bus without prior authorization of the driver or a school official withintent to commit a crime or interfere with a driver or a person who enters aschool bus without prior authorization of the driver or a school official whorefuses to disembark after being ordered to do so by the driver commitsa misdemeanor in the third degree.Signs are posted on each school bus transporting Hazleton Area SchoolDistrict students. | <urn:uuid:08f92ce9-00cc-4b79-b5b8-181620424210> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.hasdk12.org/Page/296 | 2024-10-11T10:47:06Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.905296 | 522 | 3.078125 | 3 |
Comprehensive Heavy Metals Profile, Urine Test
- Secure and Confidential Results
- Over 4,500 CLIA-Certified Labs U.S. Labs
- Most Results in 1-3 Days
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About Our Comprehensive Heavy Metals Profile, Urine Test
This test profile checks for 6 types of heavy metals in the urine.
Our Comprehensive Heavy Metals Profile measures levels of the following heavy metals:
Creatinine levels are also tested for in this panel since normally the excretion of cadmium is proportional to creatinine. When renal damage has occurred, cadmium excretion increases relative to creatinine.
Arsenic is used in the production or pesticides and in some industrial uses.
Arsenic poisoning or overexposure may cause:
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Brain damage
- White bands on the fingernails
- Abdominal pain
- Muscle aches
- Low blood pressure
- Garlic-like breath
Cadmium poisoning can be caused by ingestion of food (like grains, cereals and leafy vegetables) and/or cigarette smoke. Occupational exposure to cadmium in metal plating, battery and plastics industries may also occur. Chronic exposure to cadmium causes accumulated renal damage.
Overexposure of cadmium may lead to:
- abdominal cramping
- Fluid within the lungs
Cobalt is employed industrially in certain grades of steel and in tungsten carbide tools, and cobalt compounds are used as pigments in paints. In addition, cobalt is an essential element in man, supplied through dietary intake at an average of 280 μg/day.
Although cobalt is found in the general environment, overexposure typically occurs in the industrial environment, primarily through the inhalation of cobalt dust and/or fumes. Cobalt exposure can also occur as a result of ingesting medications such as cobaltous chloride. Blood is the preferred specimen for measuring acute or recent exposure.
Cobalt poisoning through chronic exposure may result in the following:
- Pulmonary fibrosis
- Acute exposures are generally characterized by an allergic dermatitis
Creatinine levels are tested for since normally the excretion of cadmium is proportional to creatinine. When renal damage has occurred, cadmium excretion increases relative to creatinine.
Lead poisoning through chronic exposure is characterized by:
- Gastrointestinal disturbance
- Weight loss
- Motor weakness
- Muscle paralysis
- Ingestion of large quantities may produce death
Lead and organic lead compounds have numerous commercial and industrial applications, use in paints, plastics, storage batteries, bearing alloys, insecticides, and ceramics. Exposure may also occur through the inhalation of dust containing lead emitted by automobile exhausts. A common source of lead exposure among children is derived through the mouthing of inanimate objects, specifically objects with paint and paint chips that contain lead. Acute lead exposure is rare; however, toxicity may occur through acute ingestion of a lead salt or acetate. Urine is suggested specimen in which chronic lead poisoning may be monitored.
Mercury poisoning has three telltale symptoms:
- Impaired articulation
- Irregularity of muscular action
- Constricted visual fields
Mercury poisoning through chronic exposure to metallic and inorganic forms of mercury generally produces the following symptoms:
- Mental fatigue
- Mucous membrane irritation
Inorganic mercury poisoning is associated primarily with the following symptoms:
- Peripheral effects
- Tubular nephritis
Chronic inorganic mercury poisoning is an occupational disease of smelters, mercury miners, gilders, and factory workers.
Inhalation of mercury vapors may lead to:
- Other pulmonary symptoms
The most reliable way to measure exposure to inorganic mercury is to measure urinary mercury levels, however the correlation between urine levels and symptoms is poor. The most common nonindustrial source of mercury poisoning is the consumption of methyl mercury-contaminated fish. Organic mercury poisoning is best detected in blood, as this form of mercury is located mainly in the red blood cells.
Organic compounds predominantly affect the central nervous system (CNS) and effects may be severe and irreversible.
Additional general population exposure to mercury is from coal-fired power plants where an estimated 75 tons of mercury are emitted into the atmosphere each year.
Thallium is found in rodenticides and in creams and lotions that are used for removing hair (depilatories). Thallium overexposure can be fatal.
Ingestion of thallium may lead to:
- Leg pains followed by a severe and sometimes fatal sensorimotor polyneuropathy and kidney failure
- Alopecia (hair loss) may occur 3 weeks after poisoning | <urn:uuid:513a3540-64b6-4b77-a944-8087790d7762> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.healthlabs.com/heavy-metals-comprehensive-urine-testing | 2024-10-11T11:16:21Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.902651 | 1,001 | 2.546875 | 3 |
A property description is a written document describing a piece of land. It is used to transfer the title of property when incorporated into a legal document known as a deed. At Herrick & Salsbury, Inc. we have experience writing many types of property descriptions. Our work is found throughout the registry of deeds and has served thousands of clients in title transfer over the years.
In Maine, many descriptions are written in metes (to measure or assign by measure) and bounds (boundary lines or property limits) format and share characteristics such as:
- A general description of the location
- A specific description which contains:
- A point of beginning
- Courses and distances
- Monuments and adjoiners
- Notation of any easements benefitting or burdening the property
- A source which gives information as to the history of the title
Other types of descriptions include:
- Description by reference
- Description by fractional part
- Description by proportion
- Description by strip or line
We prepare a variety of legal descriptions, the most common being a metes and bounds description. This type of description gives directions and distances around the property so that others know what you own for property. With the assistance of an attorney, our descriptions are then placed between a heading (to and from) and signatures at the end (sometimes our descriptions will be at the end of the deed which is typically referred to as Exhibit A), thereby turning them into legal documents known as deeds. The deed then gets recorded at the registry of deeds.
What Our Clients Say
Herrick & Salsbury worked on our Franklin and Sanford sites. The team provided everything we asked for in a professional manner. I would recommend them without hesitation.
Jeffrey F. Mahaney, Maine Public Radio | <urn:uuid:1a20e238-1df1-42f8-801b-5c935a517839> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.herrickandsalsbury.com/our-services/residential/residential-service-property-descriptions/ | 2024-10-11T12:20:44Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.94612 | 366 | 2.578125 | 3 |
Bruxism – the grinding and clenching of teeth
Most people are completely unaware that they grind their teeth at night because they often do it while they sleep if their spouse has to wear earplugs at night because of the grinding noise.
Don’t be surprised if your dentist says you should wear a night guard.
Bruxism is the medical term for the forceful clenching and grinding your teeth. It is considered a significant cause of tooth problems. Some patients will say they notice signs of wear, but it is not just a cosmetic problem. It also causes strain on the jaw joints.
If allowed to persist, grinding causes temperature sensitivity and pain because the wear gets down to the nerve, causing cracks in the teeth, receding gums and eventually lost teeth. Grinding can also cause migraine headaches and pain in the shoulders, neck, back and ears.
An occlusal splint may be the only viable treatment option for chronic grinders. Several splints and mouth guards are available, including soft bite-raising appliances, nightguards. | <urn:uuid:51ca5b90-1374-4a5d-9777-ccea8782247e> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.hillcrossdental.co.uk/teeth-grinding/ | 2024-10-11T11:15:33Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.95503 | 218 | 2.609375 | 3 |
The Hindi language, with its rich history and cultural significance, is a treasure trove of fascinating insights. One such aspect is the importance of numbers in Hindi.
Numbers in Hindi are not just mathematical symbols. They are deeply ingrained in everyday communication, education, and cultural practices. From the bustling markets of Delhi to the sacred rituals of Varanasi, Hindi numbers play a crucial role.
The significance of these numbers extends beyond their literal value. They carry symbolic meanings, influencing everything from religious beliefs to social customs. For instance, the number ‘1’ symbolizes unity, while ‘3’ is considered auspicious.
This article aims to delve into the importance of numbers in Hindi language and culture. It will guide you through their pronunciation, usage, and the cultural significance they hold in Indian society.
Whether you’re a language learner, a cultural enthusiast, or simply curious, this exploration of Hindi numbers promises to be an enlightening journey. Let’s begin.
Understanding the Hindi Language and Its Numerical System
Hindi, one of the most spoken languages in the world, is the lingua franca of northern India. It is a direct descendant of Sanskrit and shares many similarities with it, including its numerical system.
The Hindi numerical system is based on the decimal system. It is an ancient Indian invention that revolutionized mathematics and commerce. This system is used not only in Hindi but also in many other Indian languages.
Hindi numbers, known as ‘Hindi Anka’, range from 0 to 9 in their basic form. These numbers combine to form larger numbers. For example, ’11’ in Hindi is ‘ग्यारह’ (gyarah), a combination of ’10’ (दस – das) and ‘1’ (एक – ek).
Understanding the Hindi numerical system is essential for anyone learning the language. It is also crucial for understanding the cultural nuances associated with these numbers.
In the following sections, we will explore the origin of Hindi numbers, their pronunciation, and their cultural significance. This will provide a comprehensive understanding of the importance of numbers in Hindi language and culture.
The Origin and Evolution of Hindi Numbers
The Hindi numerical system has its roots in the ancient language of Sanskrit. The numbers in Hindi, like many other aspects of the language, have evolved from this classical language.
The decimal system, which is the basis of the Hindi numerical system, is an ancient Indian invention. This system was revolutionary in its time and has had a profound impact on mathematics and commerce worldwide.
Over the centuries, the Hindi numerical system has evolved and adapted to changes in society and technology. Despite these changes, the basic structure of the system has remained the same.
Understanding the origin and evolution of Hindi numbers provides valuable insights into the history of the language and the culture it represents. It also highlights the enduring influence of ancient Indian civilization on modern society.
Pronunciation and Usage: Numbers 1 to 100 in Hindi
Learning to pronounce numbers in Hindi is a fundamental step in mastering the language. The pronunciation of Hindi numbers is phonetic, which means they are pronounced as they are written.
Here is a simple guide to pronouncing Hindi numbers from 1 to 10:
- एक (ek)
- दो (do)
- तीन (teen)
- चार (chaar)
- पांच (paanch)
- छह (chhah)
- सात (saat)
- आठ (aath)
- नौ (nau)
- दस (das)
The numbers from 11 to 20 have unique names, but from 21 onwards, the numbers are formed by saying the tens place followed by the ones place.
For example, 22 in Hindi is बाईस (baaees), which is a combination of बाईस (baaees) for 20 and दो (do) for 2.
Numbers in Hindi are used in a variety of contexts, from market transactions to educational settings. They are an essential part of everyday communication in Hindi.
Understanding and correctly pronouncing Hindi numbers can greatly enhance one’s ability to interact effectively in the language. It can also provide a deeper understanding of the culture and traditions associated with the Hindi language.
Everyday Importance of Hindi Numbers in Communication
Numbers in Hindi are used daily in a variety of contexts. They are integral to everyday communication, from buying groceries to discussing dates and times.
In market transactions, for instance, understanding Hindi numbers is crucial. It helps in bargaining and ensures fair trade.
Moreover, Hindi numbers are used in discussing dates and times. They are essential in scheduling appointments or planning events.
In conclusion, the use of Hindi numbers in everyday communication is widespread. Mastering them can significantly enhance one’s ability to interact effectively in Hindi.
Educational Significance of Numbers in Hindi Language
In the realm of education, Hindi numbers hold a significant place. They form the foundation of mathematical learning in Hindi-speaking regions.
From a young age, children are taught to count in Hindi. This early exposure helps them grasp the numerical system and its applications.
In higher education, the understanding of Hindi numbers is crucial. It is especially important in fields like history, economics, and linguistics.
In essence, the educational significance of Hindi numbers is profound. They are a fundamental part of learning and understanding the Hindi language and culture.
Cultural Significance of Specific Hindi Numbers
Certain numbers in Hindi carry a deep cultural significance. For instance, the number ‘1’ (एक – ek) symbolizes unity in Indian culture.
The number ‘3’ (तीन – teen) is considered auspicious. It is often associated with divine entities in Hinduism.
The number ‘108’ holds a sacred place in Hinduism. It is believed to represent the universe’s wholeness and completeness.
Numbers also play a significant role in traditional and religious contexts. They are integral to rituals, festivals, and cultural practices.
In conclusion, the cultural significance of specific Hindi numbers is profound. They are deeply woven into the fabric of Indian society and traditions.
Numerical Symbolism in Hinduism and Indian Traditions
Numerical symbolism is deeply rooted in Hinduism and Indian traditions. For instance, the number ‘108’ is considered sacred and is often used in religious rituals.
The number ‘9’ (नौ – nau) is also significant. It is associated with the nine planets in Hindu astrology, known as Navagraha.
The number ‘7’ (सात – saat) holds importance too. It represents the seven sacred rivers of India and the seven vows in a Hindu marriage.
In essence, numbers in Hindi are not just mathematical entities. They carry a rich tapestry of cultural and religious symbolism.
Understanding this symbolism provides a deeper insight into the complexities of Indian traditions and the Hindi language.
The Role of Hindi Numbers in Modern Technology and Business
In the realm of modern technology and business, Hindi numbers play a significant role. They are used in software localization, making technology accessible to Hindi-speaking users.
In business, understanding Hindi numbers is crucial. It aids in effective communication during trade and commerce with Hindi-speaking regions.
Moreover, Hindi numbers are used in data analysis. They help in understanding market trends and consumer behavior in Hindi-speaking demographics.
In essence, the importance of Hindi numbers extends beyond cultural and linguistic boundaries. They are integral to the functioning of modern technology and business in India.
The Impact of Hindi Numbers on Indian Literature and Arts
Hindi numbers have a profound impact on Indian literature and arts. They are often used symbolically in poetry and prose, adding depth to the narrative.
In the realm of arts, numbers in Hindi are used in dance notations. They help in choreographing classical Indian dances.
Moreover, numbers in Hindi are used in traditional Indian music. They are integral to the understanding of rhythm and beats.
In conclusion, Hindi numbers enrich Indian literature and arts. They add a layer of complexity and cultural significance to these creative expressions.
Learning Hindi Numbers: A Guide for Non-Native Speakers
Learning numbers in Hindi is a crucial step for non-native speakers. It aids in effective communication and understanding of the culture.
Numbers in Hindi are used in daily life, from shopping to telling time. Hence, knowing them can make navigating life in India easier.
Moreover, learning Hindi numbers can help in understanding Indian literature and arts. It can provide a deeper insight into the cultural nuances.
In conclusion, learning Hindi numbers is not just about language proficiency. It’s about immersing oneself in the rich tapestry of Indian culture.
The Influence of Hindi Numbers on Indian Festivals and Customs
Hindi numbers play a significant role in Indian festivals and customs. They often carry symbolic meanings that are deeply rooted in the culture.
For instance, the festival of Diwali, also known as the festival of lights, is celebrated for five days. Each day has a specific significance, and the number ‘5’ (पांच – paanch) holds a special place in this celebration.
Similarly, in weddings, the number ‘7’ (सात – saat) is considered auspicious. The bride and groom take seven rounds around the sacred fire, signifying their seven vows.
In conclusion, understanding the importance of numbers in Hindi can provide a deeper insight into Indian festivals and customs.
Numerology and Astrology: The Mystical Side of Hindi Numbers
Numerology and astrology are integral parts of Indian culture. They are deeply intertwined with the Hindi language and its numbers.
In numerology, each number from 1 to 9 is associated with a specific planet. For instance, ‘1’ (एक – ek) is linked to the Sun, symbolizing leadership and vitality.
Astrology, on the other hand, uses Hindi numbers to calculate horoscopes. The date, time, and place of birth are used to create a unique numerical map of a person’s life.
In essence, the mystical side of Hindi numbers offers a fascinating perspective on Indian culture and beliefs.
Conclusion: The Enduring Legacy of Numbers in Hindi Culture
The importance of numbers in Hindi language and culture cannot be overstated. They are deeply woven into the fabric of Indian society, influencing everything from daily communication to religious practices.
The legacy of Hindi numbers is enduring and profound. They continue to shape the cultural identity of millions of people, both within India and in the global Indian diaspora.
In conclusion, understanding the significance of Hindi numbers offers a unique insight into the rich tapestry of Indian culture. It opens a window into the fascinating world of Indian numerology, astrology, and cultural symbolism. | <urn:uuid:1f0cb4c3-af24-4a22-aac7-a3826b2f0a8d> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.hindilanguage.org/numbers-in-hindi-language/ | 2024-10-11T12:23:36Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.925107 | 2,334 | 3.3125 | 3 |
At Hucklow our aim is to provide a music curriculum which will enable each child to reach their full potential in music, encourage children to enjoy singing, composing and performing and provide children with the opportunity to perform in front of an audience both within and outside school. It has been well documented that music and the arts are extremely beneficial in promoting well-being and a positive attitude to learning. We want our music to support the children’s healthy social development, a sense of discipline and their musical curiosity.
At Hucklow want pupils to appreciate and respect a wide range of musical traditions and genres. Through their participation in music making we want our children to focus on and improve their listening and recall skills, improve their creative vocabulary and boost their reading and poetry skills. We want them to communicate confidently using the emotional language of music. | <urn:uuid:faab688f-67f1-4d98-9f1b-e09bf40c7478> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.hucklowprimary.co.uk/music/ | 2024-10-11T12:47:53Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.97407 | 166 | 2.859375 | 3 |
We highlight evidence-based approaches, including best practices from the field, that promote gender equity within global health programs to:
Power dynamics heavily impact one’s ability to make healthy choices, especially for women’s and girls’ reproductive health and family planning. The IGWG focuses on evidence-based approaches to achieving gender equality across the global health sector. Why all sectors? Because to achieve gender equality, we need every sector—political, legal, financial, agricultural—to actively pursue equality and inclusion.
GBV is a human rights violation; a public health challenge; a barrier to civic, social, political, and economic participation; and it costs society billions of dollars each year. Our work in this area informs the health and education systems’ responses to GBV, explores the social norms that contribute to it, discusses academic and programmatic research about promising approaches to prevent and respond to it, and more. Our Gender-Based Violence Task Force hosts events and provides resources for those working in this area.
Many global health programs still fail to adequately address the reality that men’s (and society’s) beliefs about masculinity and men’s power can negatively impact women’s ability to make healthy choices and see positive health outcomes. The IGWG promotes redefining masculinity and the role of men in more constructive ways—as consumers of health care, supportive partners, and advocates for—and beneficiaries of—gender equality and health in their families and communities. Our Male Engagement Task Force hosts events and provides resources dedicated to this focus area, such as the Engaging Men in Reproductive Health infographic and Engaging Boys and Men in Contraception Use and Family Planning: A Slide Deck.
Half of the world’s population is under age 30, and these youth have a variety of challenges to overcome if they’re to lead healthy and productive lives. The IGWG highlights promising research and evidence-based approaches to addressing the impact of harmful gender norms on young people’s health, education, and livelihoods so that they can enjoy all of their rights without the constraints of gender inequality holding them back.
The IGWG promotes critical exploration of gender and its implications on reproductive health at every stage of the program cycle. The Gender Integration Continuum is a necessary tool to identify whether an intervention encourages gender equity to improve development outcomes, such as in reproductive health. Learn how to use this tool—and how to train others to use it—with our User’s Guide.
Join a global network of more than 2,200 peers and gain the opportunity to contribute to and learn from our members, events, and resources.
Our Community of Practice is a resource hub for anyone interested in issues related to gender, gender equality, health, and development. You don’t need to be a gender expert to join! The IGWG is dedicated to all gender practitioners (experts and those new to the field)—and membership is free.
As an IGWG member, you receive the latest information on:
We always look for ways to diversify our membership base, include more perspectives, and improve the ways our members engage with one another. We also co-convene several task forces that specialize in our focus areas.
The IGWG is managed under the PROPEL Youth and Gender project, funded by USAID, in close collaboration with gender champions. | <urn:uuid:d68baf7c-7c7c-498d-9090-5b73ec7ef0af> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.igwg.org/about-igwg/ | 2024-10-11T11:42:12Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz | en | 0.930305 | 698 | 2.6875 | 3 |
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