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67983074 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waiver%20from%20certain%20provisions%20of%20the%20TRIPS%20Agreement%20for%20the%20Prevention%2C%20Containment%20and%20Treatment%20of%20COVID-19 | Waiver from certain provisions of the TRIPS Agreement for the Prevention, Containment and Treatment of COVID-19 | Waiver from certain provisions of the TRIPS Agreement for the Prevention, Containment and Treatment of COVID-19 is a joint intervention communication by South Africa and India to the TRIPS council of the World Trade Organization (WTO) on 2 October 2020.
The two countries are suggesting a temporary patent waiver for COVID-19 drugs, COVID-19 vaccines and related equipment and technologies in four categories of intellectual property under the TRIPS agreement. The four categories, as enunciated in sections of the TRIPS agreement, cover– copyright, industrial designs, patents and protection of undisclosed information. The duration of the waiver is based on the time frame in which the world can develop an immunity against COVID-19.
Generally, wealthier countries oppose the waiver, while poorer countries support it. Reuters noted that the European Union, the United States and Switzerland, countries opposing the waiver, are home to large pharmaceutical companies and have excellent domestic vaccine availability. In May 2021, Reuters quoted an unnamed industry sources as saying that they were attempting to narrow the waiver, seeing little chance of blocking it.
A waiver would have to be agreed to by all 164 WTO member countries; any one dissenter could scupper the deal. The WTO has not managed to get agreement on any substansive new policy since it was founded in 1995. Proponents (including Oxfam) have accused opponents of stralling, and of filibustering by asking the same questions over and over.
Support
On 15–16 October 2020, at the WTO TRIPS Council meeting Kenya and Eswatini became official co-sponsors while 100 countries welcomed or fully supported the proposal; a number of countries did not support the proposal, particularly members of the European Union and Switzerland. By 16 November 2021 the number of co-sponsors grew to 64. Precedents include an African Union communication to the World Health Organization, urging it to ensure universal access to vaccines, in June 2020. Challenges other than patents would still remain such as access to raw materials.
The European Union, the United States and Switzerland, among others, oppose the waiver. Reuters quoted an unnamed industry sources as saying that they were attempting to narrow the waiver, seeing little chance of blocking it.
Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General of the World Health Organization (WHO), supported the waiver. A significant non-state opponent is Bill Gates, who is heavily involved in vaccine activism. His views on legal monopolies in medicine have been linked to his views on legal monopolies in software.
Arguments
Potential increase in vaccine production
Proponents and opponents often agree that an increase in vaccine production would be good. They often agree that that it would improve vaccine equity by vaccinating the world's poor years earlier, and thus reduce the risk of new variants (including vaccine-resistant variants) evolving. Proponents argue that the waiver would increase vaccine production, opponents argue that it would not.
Opponents argue that there is a shortage of manufacturing capacity, and waiving licensing cannot remedy it. They argue that developing countries cannot safely manufacture vaccines.
According to Médecins sans Frontières (MSF, also called Doctors without Borders), this is the case for making traditional live vaccines (vaccines that use modified live virusses, like the Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine). Making live vaccines requires rare expertise and manufacturing facilities that take years to set up. By contrast, it is much easier to make a new type of vaccine, mRNA vaccines, such as the Moderna and Pfizer vaccines. In January 2021, some Moderna shots were being manufactured by a chemical company with no previous vaccine experience.
Trade secrets
Vaccine manufacturers have refused to share manufacturing information with Doctors without Borders and the WHO.
Market incentives
It has been argued that a waiver would make pharmaceutical companies less willing to respond to the next crisis; Pharmaceutical companies have argued that it "would undermine innovation". In rebuttal, it has been argued that vaccine development was publicly-funded, and thus presented little or no risk to pharmaceutical companies, and that any portion of development costs not covered by public funds has been recouped many times over by profits. Public funding agreements did not include much transparency. Some estimates are that public funds are paying for the research, development, testing, regulatory approval, manufacturing, and advance purchase orders, so that the manufacturers are taking negligible risk, pointing to tenfold increases in stock prices. The companies also get to keep the IP for technological advances made with public funding, allowing them to make more profit in the future. Which some vaccine manufacturers claim they are selling vaccines at cost, and taking no profit, this is impossible to verify because they are not publishing the financial data.
An editorial in The Lancet called waivers "reasonable in a time of global catastrophe", arguing that the global economy would benefit from broader vaccination, because supply chains cross borders, and even areas with very high vaccination rates depend on areas with lower vaccination rates for goods and services. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus also listed the pandemic's effects on child development and education, and argued that companies would still get royalties, likening the arrangements to those used in wartime.
Risk of new variants
Pharmaceutical companies argued that a waiver would "raise the risk of unsafe viruses".
Proponents argue that a waiver would allow vaccinating the world's poor years earlier, and thus reduce the risk of new variants (including vaccine-resistant variants) evolving. These include Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, who argued that poor vaccine coverage meant that the virus had "more opportunities to mutate and potentially undermine the efficacy of vaccines everywhere", warning "We could end up back at square one".
The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant has been cited as an example of why the waiver is needed.
Existence of problem
A British World Trade Organization delegate called it "an extreme measure to address an unproven problem". Pharmaceutical companies have argued that the WTO's existing compulsory licensing rules were equivalent to the proposed waiver. Writing for the Cato Institute, James Bacchus agreed, and said that arguments that compulsory licensing would slow production lacked experiential evidence; "There is no evidence of the need for such a waiver", and that there was no evidence that the WTO had not struck the correct balance between making lifesaving vaccines available sooner and preserving innovation-driving incentives. Pharmaceutical companies maintain IP "tickets", with multiple patents, copyrights, trade secrets, and undisclosed test datasets for each medicine they make. Each would need a compulsory license, and it is debated whether the WTO rules could force licensing of all of them. Compulsory licensing also has to be done on a country-by-country basis. Negotiating the buerocracy has been called "nigh impossible" for the complex multi-country multi-component supply chains of some COVID-19 vaccine manufacture.
Nationalism
Countries have also argued that the waiver is bad because it would let their patents and copyrights be used by countries with whom they have poor relations.
See also
The Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, founded before the pandemic to avoid such problems, failed to obtain IP rights in exchange for funding vaccine development.
References
External links
Bibliography related to the waiver
International responses to the COVID-19 pandemic |
6076184 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saosin%20%28album%29 | Saosin (album) | Saosin, also known as “the beetle album”, is the debut full-length, self-titled studio album by American rock band Saosin, released September 26, 2006 through Capitol Records. It is the band's second release to feature lead vocalist Cove Reber. The album is best known for its lead riffs with delays and natural harmonics as a form of creating melodies. The guitar riffs on the album were listed on Alternative Press's "Best Guitar Riffs of 2000s Rock." The first single, "Voices" was listed on the Top 46 post-hardcore songs of the 2000s, and the second single, "You're Not Alone" was listed on the Top 10 Essential Emo Power Ballads by the Alternative Press.
Release
A limited edition version of the album was also released and included a behind the scenes look into the making of the album as well as music videos of "Bury Your Head" (Saosin EP version) and "Lost Symphonies" (a song first included on the 2003 Translating the Name EP). The album has currently sold an estimated 800,000 copies worldwide.
Track listing
All lyrics written by Cove Reber and Beau Burchell. All music composed by Saosin.
Use in popular media
2007 KROQ New ROQ (2006) – "Voices"
The Best of Taste of Chaos Two (2007) – "Follow and Feel"
ATV Offroad Fury Pro (2007) - "Sleepers"
Burnout Dominator (2007) - "Collapse"
Saw IV: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack (2007) – "Collapse"
Reef: Bobby Martinez Mixed Tape (2007) – "It's Far Better to Learn"
MX vs. ATV: Untamed (2007) - "Collapse"
Burnout Paradise (2008) - "Collapse"
Personnel
Saosin album personnel as listed on Allmusic.
Saosin
Cove Reber - lead vocals, piano
Justin Shekoski - lead guitar, backing vocals
Beau Burchell - rhythm guitar, keyboard, piano, programming, backing vocals
Chris Sorenson - bass guitar, backing vocals, additional keyboards
Alex Rodriguez - drums, percussion
Additional musicians
Howard Benson - additional keyboards/programming
Artwork
Martin Kvamme - graphic design
Production
Howard Benson - producer
Beau Burchell - producer
Louie Bandak & Ron Laffitte - A&R
Paul DeCarli - digital editing
Hatsukazu "Hatch" Inagaki - assistant engineer
Ted Jensen - mastering
Chris Lord-Alge - mixing
Jon Nicholson - drum technician
Mike Plotnikoff - engineer
Arthur Spivak - management
Marc VanGool - guitar technician
Wiley Gutchell - bass technician
Charts
Album Billboard
Singles Billboard
References
Citations
Sources
Saosin albums
2006 debut albums
Capitol Records albums
Albums produced by Howard Benson |
1690282 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remixes%20of%20the%20Spheres | Remixes of the Spheres | Remixes of the Spheres is a collection of mixes, live versions and unreleased B-sides by former lead singer of the Stone Roses, Ian Brown. The album reworks many tracks from his third album, Music of the Spheres. UNKLE, Nightmares on Wax and Freelance Hellraiser were among the collaborators on this album.
Track listing
"F.E.A.R. (UNKLE Mix)" – 5:55
"Northern Lights (The Freelance Hellraiser Mix)" – 5:42
"The Gravy Train (N.O.W. Mix)" – 5:00
"Forever and a Day (Cedarblue Mix)" – 4:12
"Shadow of a Saint (The Boy Bierton Mix)" – 6:26
"Superstar" – 4:50
"My Star (2002)" – 4:05
"Hear No See No Speak No (Album Version)" – 5:25
"Cokane in My Brain (DJ Mek Nuremberg Scratch Mix)" – 1:45
"The Gravy Train (N.O.W. Instrumental)" – 5:07
"Stardust (Instrumental)" – 4:38
"El Mundo Pequeno (Live Acoustic Version)" – 2:48
"F.E.A.R (UNKLE Instrumental)" – 5:51
References
Ian Brown albums
2002 remix albums
Universal Records remix albums |
58589186 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Parsons%20%28actor%29 | William Parsons (actor) | William Parsons (29 February 1736 – 3 February 1795) was a British actor and painter in the mid to late eighteenth century. He appeared mostly at Drury Lane and Haymarket in minor to supporting roles, but also had prominent roles in plays like Volpone and Hamlet.
Early life
Parsons was born to William and Elizabeth (née Latter) Parsons in 1736. His father William did carpentry work in Bow Lane, Cheapside and City of London; his mother Elizabeth was from Maidstone.
Parsons attended St Paul's School where surveyor Sir Henry Cheere or Cheke was his instructor. Parsons took part in amateur entertainment with William Powell and Charles Holland. In 1756, Parsons played Kent in King Lear in Haymarket.
Professional career
Earlier roles
Parsons's first professional role was that of Southampton in poet Henry Jones's Earl of Essex play in York. Most of his work during this time was high comedy and tragedy. Under the guidance of West Digges, Parsons acted at the Theatre Royale Edinburgh in 1757-8. More roles soon followed for Parsons such as the role of Don Felix in Wonder, Charino in Love Makes a Man, and Grigg in Beggar's Wedding.
1760s and more prominent roles
In 1763, Parsons began working with David Garrick, when Parsons played Filch in The Beggar's Opera at Drury Lane. Parsons would appear in over 200 roles at Drury Lane over the years, mostly in supporting or non important roles.
Parsons took on the role of the original Nicodemus in Elizabeth Griffith's play Platonick Wife in January 1765 before appearing for the first time at the Haymarket in the role of Dr. Catgut in Foote's The Commissary later that same year. Parsons would appear regularly at the Haymarket during the summers, introducing characters in new comedies. During that season, Parsons appeared in Henry IV, Part 1 as Douglas, in Hamlet as Rosencrantz, in Love Makes a Man and as Robert in All in the Wrong.
Parsons took on more character driven roles in this time period, with character driven roles such as the snitch-servant Blunt in The London Merchant and as Lord Plausible in Plain Dealer to appearing as Gobbo in The Merchant of Venice and Sir William Meadows in Love in a Village.
In 1767, Parsons played his most substantial role, Polonius, in Hamlet
1770s
Parsons took on his first Christmas role, appearing as the original Faladel in the Christmas Tale in 1773. This kept the trend going of Parsons playing original roles. Parsons took on one of his more prominent military roles in the 1770s, playing a decadent General Worry in Rival Candidates. He would continue the trend of playing military-court roles in this time period when he appeared in Runaway as the original Justice and as old Colonel Lovemore in the Contract which brought Parsons back to the Haymarket in June 1776.
During the 1776-77 season, Parsons kept churning out original roles at Drury Lane, appearing as Sir Jacob Thrift in Hotel or Double Valet, Doctor Probe in Trip to Scarborough, and as the gossip Crabtree in The School for Scandal. Parsons took a step back in this period, playing smaller parts. Parsons also returned to the Haymarket with the trend of original roles at the theatre, playing Tony Lumpkin in Tony Lumpkin in Town.
As the 1770s gave way to the 1780s, Parsons was appearing in plays such as The Lord of the Manor.
Later career
Parsons played legal roles later in his career such as playing an attorney in Divorce, and a Justice in both Love in a Village and in A New Way to pay Old Debts. Around this time, Parsons played Bale in Fair American.
Parsons moved on and appeared in The Good-Natur'd Man as Twitch. Other plays that Parsons appeared in during this time included The Clandestine Marriage, Measure for Measure and Variety. Of his performance as Lord Ogleby in The Clandestine Marriage in 1784, the reviewer in a London newspaper wrote, "This very favourite actor, whose merit is so extensive, and whose reception by the town is equal to his merit, can hardly assume any shape in which he will not display talents of pure comedy".
Unlike the previous decades, Parsons scarcely played original characters in his later career. Parsons appeared in these original roles at the Haymarket which included him playing mogul-Pope Johnny Atkins in Mogul Tale or the Descent of the Balloon, the begging Squire Codger in Beggar on Horseback, Mr Euston in I'll tell you What, the servant Rohf in Disbanded Officer, Governor of Jamaica Sir Christopher Curry in Inkle and Yarico and lowly regarded but fashionable Alscrip in The Heiress. Most of these roles featured Parsons playing lowly characters.
During the last years of his life, Parsons refused to quit acting, appearing in Poor Old Drury as Cobb and in Fugitives as Old Manly, the latter in August 1792. His last roles at the Haymarket Theatre occurred in June 1792 where he played Toby Thatch in London Hermit and as Lope Tocho in Mountaineers (which also was Parson's last original part).
After Parsons appeared in the Confederacy as Moneytrap, he played his last role: Sir Fretful Plagiary in The Critic.
Style
While Parsons's rivals possessed singing talent that eluded him, Parsons relied on his mental talents as seen in his role in Peeping Tom and his exclaiming abilities as seen in Volpone (one of his most notable roles), The Confederacy and The Village Lawyer to get ahead.
Parsons's niche was playing elderly men like Whittle in Irish Widow, and Colonel Oldboy in Lionel and Clarissa or playing country clowns like Scrub in The Stratagem.
In 1812, the author of Biographia Dramatica, called Parsons "a comic actor of superlative merit", and added, "In the conception and execution of such characters as Foresight, in Love for Love; Corbaccio in Volpone; Sir Fretful Plagiary in The Critic, &c. we never expect to see his equal".
Painting career
Besides being an actor, Parsons was also a painter and a painting judge. Parsons contributed some of his pictures to the Society of Artists and the Free Society of Artists. Some of Parsons's subjects were architectural displays and landscapes such as views of Richmond. Parsons's paintings included the Spaniards Inn St Paul's, Hampstead, St George Fields's Frog Hall amongst other subjects.
Parsons's painting style was inspired by Richard Wilson. Parsons was acquainted with several prominent painters of the late eighteenth century.
Parsons bought many paintings of first masters at brokers shops which he would later sell for large sums of money.
Personal life and death
On 21 September 1762, Parsons married Mary Price, who was in the play The Beggar's Opera with him. After Parsons's first wife died in 1787, he remarried Dorothy or Dorthea. Parsons had one child, a son named Stewart.
On 3 February 1795, Parsons died, partially due to his asthma at his home in Mead's Row Lambeth. His tomb in Lee, Kent currently has a rhymed epitaph over it.
Parsons left his leasehold estate Stangate and his small Bearsted freehold to his son Stewart. Parsons left 591 per annum and leasehold houses in London Road and his leasehold estate in Mead's to his wife.
References
1736 births
1795 deaths
18th-century English male actors
English male stage actors
18th-century British male actors
18th-century British painters |
743205 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Lou%20Martin | Michael Lou Martin | Michael Lou Martin (February 3, 1932 – May 27, 2015) was an American philosopher and former professor at Boston University. Martin specialized in the philosophy of religion, although he also worked on the philosophies of science, law, and social science. He served with the US Marine Corps in Korea.
Biography
Life and academic career
Martin completed a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration in 1956 at Arizona State University. He was awarded an MA in philosophy at the University of Arizona in 1958 and in 1962 he was awarded a Ph.D. in philosophy from Harvard University. He was appointed assistant professor at University of Colorado in 1962 and in 1965 he moved to Boston University. He was appointed Professor of Philosophy Emeritus after a lifelong career at Boston University. Martin died on 27 May 2015, aged 83.
He is the author or editor of a number of books, including Atheism: A Philosophical Justification (1989), The Case Against Christianity (1991), Atheism, Morality, and Meaning (2002), The Impossibility of God (2003), The Improbability of God (2006), and The Cambridge Companion to Atheism (2006). He sat on the editorial board of the philosophy journal Philo and wrote many reviews and articles for journals and magazines including Free Inquiry.
Atheism
In his Atheism: A Philosophical Justification, Martin cites a general absence of an atheistic response to contemporary work in philosophy of religion, and accepts the responsibility of a rigorous defense of non belief as his "cross to bear:"
The aim of this book is not to make atheism a popular belief or even to overcome its invisibility. My object is not utopian. It is merely to provide good reasons for being an atheist. … My object is to show that atheism is a rational position and that belief in God is not. I am quite aware that atheistic beliefs are not always based on reason. My claim is that they should be.Martin used the concepts of negative and positive atheism as proposed by Antony Flew rather than the terms weak or soft atheism (negative) and strong or hard atheism (positive).
Debates
Martin took part in a number of written and internet debates with Christian philosophers.
In 1991 Martin and Keith Parsons (founder of Georgia Skeptics and teacher of philosophy at Berry College (Rome, Georgia)) provided atheistic critiques to Douglas Jones' propositions on The Futility of Non Christian Thought in a written debate, Is Non-Christian Thought Justifiable?, originally published in Antithesis magazine.
Martin had agreed to participate in a debate with Christian reconstructionist philosopher Greg Bahnsen on October 26, 1994, at Rhodes College in Memphis, TN. Martin, however, pulled out of the debate on October 14, less than two weeks before the event was to have taken place, due to his stated objection to having the debate recorded.
He conducted a debate with John M. Frame over the internet in a series of articles and responses around Martin's 1996 article, "The Transcendental Argument for the Nonexistence of God".
An internet debate with Christian philosopher Phil Fernandes in 1997 over the existence of God was published as a book in 2000 titled: Theism vs. Atheism: The Internet Debate.
Academic Books
Martin, M., & Augustine, K. (2015). The Myth of an Afterlife: The Case against Life After Death, Rowman & Littlefield.
Martin, M. (Ed) (2006). The Cambridge Companion to Atheism.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Translated into Portuguese (2007), Finnish (2011), Croatian (2011))
Martin, M., & Monnier, R. (Eds.) (2006). The Improbability of God. Prometheus Books.
Martin, M., & Monnier, R. (Eds.) (2003). The Impossibility of God. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books.
Martin, M. (2002). Atheism, Morality and Meaning. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books.
Fernandes, P., & Martin, M. (2000). Theism vs. Atheism: The Internet Debate (Dr. Phil Fernandes vs. Dr. Michael Martin), Brenerton, WA: Ibd Press.
Martin, M. (2000). Verstehen: The Uses of Understanding in the Social Sciences. New Jersey: Transaction Books.
Martin, M. (1996). Legal Realism: American and Scandinavian. New York: Peter Lang.
Martin, M., & McIntyre, L. (Eds) (1994). Readings in the Philosophy of Social Science. Cambridge: The MIT Press.
Martin, M. (1991). The Case Against Christianity. Philadelphia: Temple University.
Martin, M. (1989). Atheism: A Philosophical Justification. Philadelphia: Temple University.
Martin, M. (1987). The Legal Philosophy of H. L. A. Hart: A Critical Appraisal. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
Martin, M. (1978). Social Science and Philosophical Analysis: Essays on The Philosophy of The Social Sciences Washington, D.C.: University Press Of America.
Martin, M. (1972). Concepts of Science Education: A Philosophical Analysis. Chicago: Scott-Foresman.
Martin, M., & Foster, M. (Eds) (1966). Probability, Confirmation and Simplicity. New York: Odyssey Press. ASIN: B000H03Q86
Fiction and Plays
Martin published The Big Domino in the Sky: And Other Atheistic Tales in 1996. This is a collection of short stories in various styles presenting philosophical arguments. .
In 2011 Martin self-published a fiction novel, Murder In Lecture Hall B, about a murder in the classroom of a philosophy professor whose interests are Religions and Atheism.
Martin also wrote 8 short plays with moral or philosophical themes that are available on his website.
See also
Atheist's Wager
American philosophy
List of American philosophers
List of atheist philosophers
References
External links
Martin's homepage, Boston University
Martin's page from infidels.org, which contains a number of his critiques of theism
Martin's biography also from infidels.org, which lists his extensive collection of articles and reviews.
Biography, philosophyofreligion.info.
Obituary
1932 births
2015 deaths
20th-century American philosophers
American atheists
Analytic philosophers
Atheist philosophers
Boston University faculty
Christ myth theory proponents
Critics of Christianity
Harvard University alumni
Philosophers of religion
Philosophers of social science
Writers about religion and science
Atheism activists |
960220 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick%20William%20Beechey | Frederick William Beechey | Frederick William Beechey (17 February 1796 – 29 November 1856) was an English naval officer, artist, explorer, hydrographer and writer.
Life and career
He was the son of two painters, Sir William Beechey, RA and his second wife, Anne Jessop. Born in London on 17 February 1796, he entered the Royal Navy at the age of 10 under the command of John Jervis, 1st Earl of St Vincent. He was promoted to midshipman on February 8 1807 and saw active service during the War of 1812. He served in the Battle of New Orleans. Because of this, he was promoted to 2nd lieutenant on March 10 1815
In early 1818, and now a lieutenant, Beechey sailed on HMS Trent under Lieutenant John Franklin in David Buchan's Arctic expedition, of which at a later period he published a narrative. In the following year he accompanied Lieutenant W. E. Parry in , sailing as far north as Melville Island. In 1821, as an officer on HMS Adventure, he took part in the survey of the Mediterranean coast of Africa under the direction of Captain William Henry Smyth. His brother, Henry William Beechey, and he made an overland survey of this coast and published a full account of their work in 1828 under the title of Proceedings of the Expedition to Explore the Northern Coast of Africa from Tripoly Eastward in 1821-1822.
In 1825, Beechey was appointed to command . His task was to explore the Bering Strait in concert with Franklin and Parry operating from the east. In the summer of 1826, he passed the strait and a barge from his ship reached 71°23'31" N., and 156°21'30" W. near Point Barrow, which he named, a point only 146 miles west of that reached by Franklin's expedition from the Mackenzie River. The whole voyage lasted more than three years, and in the course of it, Beechey discovered several islands in the Pacific, and an excellent harbour near Cape Prince of Wales.
In 1826, he visited a Catholic mission in California. He wrote, "...with whips, canes and goads or sharp, pointed sticks to preserve silence and maintain order, and what seemed more difficult than either, to keep the congregation in their kneeling posture. The goads would reach a long way and inflict a sharp puncture without making any noise. The end of the church was occupied by a guard of soldiers under arms with fixed bayonets."
In July 1826, he named the three islands in the Bering Strait. Two were the Diomede Islands that Vitus Bering had named in 1728: "Ratmanoff Island" (Big Diomede) and "Krusenstern Island" (Little Diomede). Beechey called the uninhabited third islet "Fairway Rock", which is still its contemporary name. One of his crew, Petty Officer John Bechervaise, gave a detailed account of the voyage in his Thirty-six Years of a Seafaring Life by an Old Quartermaster, published privately in 1839. (The crewmember's namesake and great-great-grandson John Béchervaise (1910–1998) was a noted explorer of Antarctica.) In 1831, there appeared Beechey's Narrative of a Voyage to the Pacific and Bering's Strait to Co-operate with the Polar Expeditions, 1825-1828.
In 1835 and '36, Captain Beechey was employed on the coast survey of South America, and from 1837 to 1847, carried on similar work along the Irish coasts, and in the North Sea and English Channel. He carried out detailed tidal surveys during this period, which were published, with charts, in two Royal Society papers in 1848 and 1851. This was the first published work of its kind since Edmond Halley's tidal chart appeared in about 1702. He was appointed in 1850 to preside over the Marine Department of the Board of Trade.
In 1854, he was made rear admiral, and in the following year was elected president of the Royal Geographical Society.
Beechey Island, where Sir John Franklin wintered, was named by him after his father.
Family of painters
His daughter was painter Frances Anne Hopkins, who lived in Canada for 12 years and painted many scenes of canoe travel.
His parents and three of his brothers were painters: admiral and painter Richard Brydges Beechey, portraitist Henry William Beechey, and portraitist George Duncan Beechey.
See also
European and American voyages of scientific exploration
Publications
Notes
References
Narrative of a voyage... 1825-28, by Captain F.W. Beechey, London, 1831, Page 337
External links
19th-century explorers
1796 births
1856 deaths
British polar explorers
English explorers
English explorers of North America
English geographers
English hydrographers
Explorers of Canada
Explorers of the Arctic
Fellows of the Royal Society
Military personnel from London
Presidents of the Royal Geographical Society
Royal Navy officers |
8260413 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilaben%20Bay%2C%20New%20South%20Wales | Kilaben Bay, New South Wales | Kilaben Bay is a suburb of the city of Lake Macquarie in the Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia. The Aboriginal people, in this area, the Awabakal, were the first people of this land. It is named for the bay of the same name that lies to the south of the suburb. The suburb's western boundary is heavily forested. Kilaben Bay is one of many suburbs that ring Lake Macquarie, Lake Munmorah, and Tuggerah Lake. Kilaben Bay is part of the West Ward of the City of Lake Macquarie local government area. For telephone call charges, Kilaben Bay is within the local call zone of the City of Newcastle.
History
The Aboriginal people, in this area, the Awabakal, were the first people of this land.
Notes
References
External links
History of Kilaben Bay (Lake Macquarie City Library)
Suburbs of Lake Macquarie
Bays of New South Wales |
7045469 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20Seniors%20Open | English Seniors Open | The English Seniors Open was a European Senior Tour men's professional golf tournament. It was first played in 2003 and each of the first three stagings were won by Carl Mason. In 2007 the prize fund was £150,000 and the host course was St Mellion in Cornwall. After a five-year break, the tournament returned in 2013 and 2014 at Rockliffe Hall in County Durham, with a £200,000 purse and a £30,000 first prize.
Winners
External links
Coverage on the European Senior Tour's official site
Former European Senior Tour events
Golf tournaments in England
Recurring sporting events established in 2003
Recurring sporting events disestablished in 2014
2003 establishments in England
2014 disestablishments in England
Defunct sports competitions in England |
51017305 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qipengyuania%20nanhaisediminis | Qipengyuania nanhaisediminis | Qipengyuania nanhaisediminis is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped and slightly halophilic bacteria from the genus Qipengyuania which has been isolated from sediment from the South China Sea.
References
Further reading
External links
Type strain of Erythrobacter nanhaisediminis at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase
Sphingomonadales
Bacteria described in 2010 |
28982340 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical%20Storm%20Nicole%20%282010%29 | Tropical Storm Nicole (2010) | Tropical Storm Nicole was a short-lived and unusually asymmetrical tropical cyclone that caused destructive rainfall and flooding in Jamaica during the 2010 Atlantic hurricane season. It was the sixteenth tropical cyclone and the fourteenth named storm of the season, as well as the last of an eight tropical storms to form in September. Originating from a broad monsoonal low, Nicole became a tropical depression over the northwestern Caribbean Sea on September 28. It maintained an unusual structure as it tracked northeastward, with a poorly defined wind circulation and few thunderstorms near its center. Nicole approached the coast of Cuba as a weak tropical storm, losing its status as a tropical cyclone over the territory on September 29. The remnants emerged over the Bahamas and eventually became absorbed by a separate extratropical system.
Due to Nicole's atypical structure, the strongest convection was well removed from the center; most of the weather activity occurred over the north-central Caribbean. In Jamaica, the storm triggered widespread power outages across more than 288,000 residences. Extreme precipitation of up to caused disastrous flooding in several parishes, severely damaging or destroying 528 houses. The devastation extended to the island's farmland and environment, which suffered from expansive water pollution. In all, Nicole wrought an estimated $245.4 million (2010 USD) in damage throughout Jamaica, and there were sixteen fatalities. Elsewhere, minor flooding occurred in Cuba, Florida, and the Cayman Islands. The remnants of the storm contributed to a large disturbance along the East Coast of the United States, causing additional damage and deaths.
Meteorological history
In late September 2010, a wide band of disturbed weather and low pressure, associated with the monsoon trough and remnant tropical moisture from Tropical Storm Matthew, meandered over the northwestern Caribbean Sea. With a broad upper ridge anchored along the Yucatán coast, diffluence aloft in the vicinity of the disturbance provided focus for the development of scattered convection. The National Hurricane Center (NHC) noted an environment supportive of tropical development, and by September 27, a broad surface low formed amid the convection. The next day, surface pressures steadily dropped as sustained winds around the low proximated tropical storm force. Throughout the development process, moderate westerly wind shear over the region caused the disturbance to exhibit a rather asymmetric structure; it developed an elongated low-pressure center by September 28, well to the northwest of its strongest wind field. Despite the asymmetry, the NHC initiated advisories on a tropical depression around 15:00 UTC that day, after surface and satellite observations revealed a sufficiently defined circulation center west of the deep convection. Post-season reassessments, however, indicated that a tropical storm had, in fact, formed three hours earlier, about 75 miles (120 km) south of Cuba's Isle of Youth, which operationally was not named Nicole until a day later.
For most of its duration, Nicole maintained a generally northeastward motion, caught in the steering flow between a large mid- to upper-level trough and an anticyclone to the west. Within hours of the storm's formation, observations from a hurricane hunters flight confirmed a composition similar to the one initially discerned, with the strongest gusts and thunderstorms dislocated 250 mi (400 km) east from the ill-defined center. In comparison, the core consisted of light winds and sporadic convection—a structure rather characteristic of a North Indian Ocean monsoon depression. The system's ambiguous nature led to disagreement among weather specialists over its classification: while the NHC maintained its tropical cyclone status, Cuban meteorologist José Rubiera stated that "no tropical storm exists over [Cuba], or near it," noting a lack of significant winds in the country's vicinity.
Over the course of September 29, radar data showed the convection increasing over the northern half of the storm; bands of intense thunderstorms in the southeastern periphery also formed closer to the center, and weather buoys and ships in that region observed sustained tropical-storm-force winds. Around 12:00 UTC, Nicole attained an estimated peak intensity of winds and a minimum pressure of , just south of Cuba. Despite the increase in strength, Nicole's circulation soon became exceedingly elongated and untrackable over central Cuba, prompting the NHC to declassify it as a tropical cyclone by 15:00 UTC. The remnant low began interacting with the neighboring trough that had steered Nicole in its tropical stages, resulting in significant precipitation along the southeastern coastlines of the United States. Accelerating toward the northeast, the system acquired frontal characteristics and became extratropical over the Bahamas by 0600 UTC, September 30, twelve hours before merging with a developing system over eastern North Carolina. Lingering low pressure and broad cyclonic flow over the north-central Caribbean in Nicole's wake contributed to the development of Hurricane Paula in the first weeks of October.
Preparations
Caribbean
In anticipation of a tropical storm, warnings were issued for the Cayman Islands, the northwestern and central Bahamas, and the Cuban provinces of Matanzas, Cienfuegos, Villa Clara, Sancti Spíritus, and Ciego de Ávila on September 28. However, the warnings were discontinued the following day after reports of the storm's prompt dissipation. After forecasters warned of severe weather across the Cayman Islands, schools and government offices closed in low-lying areas, and emergency teams cleaned out storm drains and readied shelters. Thunderstorms in Grand Cayman forced Cayman Airways to cancel all express flights to Cayman Brac and Little Cayman on October 29; weather-resistant jet service was provided to stranded passengers. A marine warning was required for all three islands due to rough sea conditions.
In Jamaica, a flash flood warning remained in effect for flood-prone regions for four days, ultimately discontinued on October 3. Schools and several businesses, including the US Embassy in Kingston, closed on September 29–30 as the island braced for heavy rains. Public transit was suspended islandwide on the evening of September 29, and shipping interests were cautioned to secure their vessels. At the height of the storm, army and police officials patrolled the island in case of emergencies.
United States
Tropical storm warnings were issued for the Florida Keys, the Florida Bay, and from the Jupiter Inlet coast southward to Cape Sable on September 28. A tropical storm watch was in place for the mainland north from the Jupiter Inlet to the Sebastian Inlet and north of East Cape Sable to Chokoloskee. The warnings and watch were discontinued the next day, after a direct impact was no longer expected. At the time, a flood watch remained in effect for Palm Beach, Broward, Miami-Dade, Collier, and Monroe counties into September 30. An airport weather warning was issued for Orlando International Airport and Executive Airport on September 28; arriving flights were put on hold, and pilots rerouted to other airports if possible. Eight Southwest Airlines flights were diverted to the airports of Tampa and Jacksonville, and one JetBlue flight to West Palm Beach. Though airport officials later reported normal conditions, an additional 26 flights were canceled at Miami International Airport the next day.
In Brunswick and New Hanover counties, North Carolina, officials readied shelters on September 29 to accommodate stranded residents unable to access their homes. Multiple schools in New Hanover and Pender County remained closed the next morning due to worsening storm conditions from the disturbance succeeding Nicole. At the threat of prolonged rainfall, a flood watch was issued for Kent County, Maryland, from September 30 to October 1. Also in the area, the National Weather Service declared both a coastal flood advisory and wind advisory for September 30.
Impact
Jamaica
Nicole and its precursor disturbance brought great rainfall to much of Jamaica over a period of several days. A maximum total of was recorded in Belleisle, Westmoreland Parish, from September 26 to 30; most other parishes received at least during the same period. With a return period of 30 years, these quantities tripled the monthly rainfall average for September at several locations. Though the broad-scale wind regime over the island remained gentle, the storm's intense convective bands produced three microbursts—small downdrafts of intense winds. With dozens of river banks and waterways blocked, the worst effects were due to landslides and particularly severe flooding across numerous communities, primarily in the southern parishes.
The disaster affected 507,831 people on the island; it resulted in 16 deaths—14 of which confirmed—and 42 injuries. In Saint Andrew Parish's Sandy Park, a house next to a street gully succumbed to the effects of the storm; five bodies were recovered near the site, while the final missing inhabitant was presumed dead. Elsewhere in Saint Andrew, three construction workers were killed when the shed in which they were sleeping caved in. A girl was crushed to death under the weight of a collapsed board house in Saint Catherine Parish. Rushing waters swept away three people in different parts of the island, all of whom drowned. Amid a microburst, a waterspout tore roofs off buildings and hospitalized five residents in Westmoreland Parish's capital of Savanna-la-Mar, while to the northwest, strong gusts and rough surf impacted the resort town of Negril. In the wake of the storm, a body was recovered from debris along a road in Saint Catherine. Flooded streets, roads and bridges isolated communities across seven of the island's parishes and trapped hundreds of residents in their homes.
Jamaica's infrastructure was devastated in the deluge, accounting for most of Nicole's damage to the island. More than 288,000 residences were without power at the height of the storm due to downed electricity lines and poles. About 40 percent of the island's water supply had been disrupted at some point. Dozens of bridges experienced total collapse under the force of swollen rivers and creeks. In Kingston, many underpasses became totally inundated as the prolonged rain overwhelmed storm drains; the flooding that followed left many of the city's roads impassable. Destruction to the infrastructure was especially extensive in Westmoreland, Saint Elizabeth, and Hanover parishes, though overall, 543 of the island's principle roads sustained at least some degree of damage. The total costs linked to the infrastructure neared J$20 billion (US$235.4 million).
Nicole also wreaked widespread property damage: of the 2,169 homes affected, 474 sustained severe damage while 54 were beyond repair. The losses totaled J$274.3 million (US$3.2 million), J$75.6 million (US$890,000) hereof to replace destroyed housing units. With much of the island's crops and livestock washed away, including 40 percent of the season's banana produce, the agricultural sector suffered J$576.5 million (US$6.8 million) in losses. The storm had a discernible impact on the environment, which plays a crucial role in Jamaica's economy and tourism sectors. Surface runoff and spills along industrial zones and sewage systems infiltrated large stretches of land, leading to soil contamination, coastal erosion, and deteriorated ecosystems. In addition, there were traces of light damage to vegetation, such as uprooted trees.
Elsewhere
While Nicole was intensifying offshore, its outer bands produced heavy downpours over drought-stricken Cuba. Rain quantities were particularly high along the southeastern coast; a 48-hour total of fell at Cape Cruz, in the mountainous Granma Province. The region also briefly observed gale-force winds, with gusts to at Guantánamo Bay. Throughout eastern Cuba, nearly 300 people sought refuge from the storm. As the rivers in Granma overflowed, eight houses collapsed and more than 300 others were inundated in the coastal town of Pilón. The flooding obstructed several roads, with sections of the highway between Granma and Santiago de Cuba destroyed. The storm resulted in 5,000 lbs (2.5 tons) of lost crops and livestock. These effects were nevertheless considered to be minor when viewed against the rainfall's alleviation of a persistent dry spell.
In the Cayman Islands, gusts to stirred up rough seas with waves, which caused some light erosion along southern and western shores. Rainfall over the region was heavy and widespread, although the greatest quantities fell over Grand Cayman; the Owen Roberts International Airport recorded over a two-day period. Overall damage to the islands was limited: The blustery rains flooded low-lying areas, caused roof leaks, and knocked out the power in eastern Grand Cayman.
Despite the initial threat of strong thunderstorms and gusts, Florida was spared a direct hit from Nicole. The storm skirted the state with only showers; of rain were recorded at North Key Largo, though the mainland received much smaller quantities. The storm flooded streets in Miami Beach and the northern Florida Keys, as well as one home. Similarly, inclement weather spread over the northwestern Bahamas without significant consequences.
Post-tropical system
The extratropical remnants of Nicole retained plenty of moisture and ultimately combined with a large low-pressure system slowly tracking up the U.S. East Coast. The resultant disturbance produced torrential thunderstorms over entire coastlines and inland as far north as Canada, causing widespread power outages and shattering numerous precipitation records throughout the region. The most extreme weather was concentrated over Eastern North Carolina; during the week of September 24–October 1, most communities there recorded rainfall totals of at least . Wilmington measured of rain, the most it had received over a five-day period since 1871, while Kinston recorded during that time. Widespread flooding, exacerbated by overflowing creeks and rivers, engulfed blocks of homes. About 150 roads were closed off due to the hazardous conditions; seven people were nonetheless killed in traffic accidents across the state.
In the Mid-Atlantic, the weather event broke the 24-hour rainfall record for September 30 at several locations: the Norfolk, Baltimore–Washington, and Ronald Reagan Washington airports recorded , , and , respectively. In Maryland, two buses collided amid the stormy weather, injuring 26 of their passengers. With localized estimates of up to , the state of New York experienced some of its most historic rainfall; an official total shattered the 24-hour record for any calendar day in Binghamtom. Flash floods throughout the state resulted in one drowning death and US$10,000 in damage. Considerable flooding also occurred in Vermont and Pennsylvania, with a 24-hour rainfall maximum of in Moscow. Farther north, the remnant low enhanced a pressure gradient over southern New England, generating strong winds that knocked out the power in Litchfield County. Rainfall there additionally caused minor flooding. In Quebec, torrents following of rainfall inundated basements and caused two drownings. Despite the deaths and damage, the rains lightened prolonged drought conditions in those regions.
Aftermath
On October 5, a national disaster was declared for Jamaica due to the effects of Nicole. In response, the USAID's Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance provided US$50,000 for the purchase and delivery of relief supplies and fuel for emergency vehicles. About J$4 million (US$46,800) was donated by the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries to the Greenhouse Growers Association for the repair of greenhouses. In conjunction with the Food and Agriculture Organization, an estimated J$12 million (US$140,400) was made available to initiate the planting of about 50,000 crop seedlings. The Veterinary Division provided financial assistance to livestock farmers and dispatched animal technicians with prophylactic medication and vitamins to avert foot rot disease in small ruminants, including goats and sheep. The cost of the medications was estimated at J$2 million (US$23,400). The Banana Board's Catastrophe Fund, which at the time comprised J$50 million (US$585,000), delivered both monetary support and human resources to local banana and plantain farmers.
Eleven days after the storm, the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies allocated CHF150,644 (US$156,221) to sustain the Jamaica Red Cross in distributing aid to about 500 families—or 2,500 beneficiaries—in need of life supplies. In late December 2010, the Jamaica–Canadian Association in Toronto, Ontario, raised a total of CDN$10,153.87 (US$10,221.33) in relief funds for flood victims. The Hanover Parish Council requested J$30 million (US$351,000) to assist the Saint James Parish Council and other municipal authorities across the country in post-storm clean-up and beautification work. A grant of J$279 million (US$3.26 million) was approved for the reconstruction of a major roadway section in Westmoreland Parish.
In spite of the timely relief efforts, Nicole's effects were still felt for months in its wake. The gross domestic product for Jamaica, which had been suffering from a substantially slow economic growth rate, further declined following the extensive damage. The agriculture sector sustained slight losses from reduced egg production due to the storm's traumatizing effects on farm chickens. In the face of the high repair costs, the island saw below-standard levels of holiday season consumption for 2010.
See also
Tropical cyclones in 2010
Other storms of the same name
Timeline of the 2010 Atlantic hurricane season
Monsoon trough
References
External links
The NHC's advisory archive for Tropical Storm Nicole
The WPC's rainfall page on Tropical Storm Nicole
Atlantic tropical storms
2010 Atlantic hurricane season
Hurricanes in Cuba
Hurricanes in Jamaica
2010 in Cuba
2010 in Jamaica
Hurricanes in the Cayman Islands
Hurricanes in the Bahamas
Hurricanes in Florida
2010 in the Cayman Islands
2010 in the Bahamas
Nicole |
41252169 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KZRS | KZRS | KZRS 107.9 FM is a radio station licensed to Great Bend, Kansas. The station broadcasts a news/talk format and is owned by Rocking M Media, LLC. As late as 2009, the station broadcast a hybrid Hot AC format during the day and Top 40 at night as “Star 107.9” (and was also an affiliate of The Bob & Sheri Show), then switched to classic hits as "Old School 107.9."
On September 16, 2020, KZRS flipped to a simulcast of sister station KNNS, which airs a conservative news/talk format as "The Patriot."
References
External links
Rocking M Media Website
KZRS's website
ZRS
News and talk radio stations in the United States |
7805715 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce%20Rogers%20%28typographer%29 | Bruce Rogers (typographer) | Bruce Rogers (May 14, 1870 – May 21, 1957) was an American typographer and type designer, acclaimed by some as among the greatest book designers of the twentieth century. Rogers was known for his "allusive" typography, rejecting modernism, seldom using asymmetrical arrangements, rarely using sans serif type faces, often favoring faces such as Bell (at the time known only as Brimmer), Caslon, his own Montaigne, a Jensonian precursor to his masterpiece of type design Centaur. His books can fetch high sums at auction.
Early life
Born Albert Bruce Rogers in Linwood, now part of Lafayette, Indiana, he never used the name Albert and was known to associates as "BR." Rogers received a B.S. from Purdue University in 1890. He enrolled at age 16, and was quickly recognized in his studies of illustration, allowing him to work with University catalogs, lettering for the yearbook, and the College Quarterly Magazine. At Purdue, he worked with political cartoonist John T. McCutcheon on the student newspaper and yearbook.
After graduation, Rogers worked as both an artist for the Indianapolis News and as office boy for a railroad. After seeing several Kelmscott Press editions, Rogers became interested in producing fine books, and so moved to Boston, then a center of publishing, where he free-lanced for L. Prang and Co.
Typographer and type designer
Riverside Press period (1895–1911)
In 1895 he took a position designing books for Riverside Press in Cambridge, Massachusetts where he worked on trade books and designed book advertisements for the Atlantic Monthly. In 1900 a Department of Special Bookmaking for the production of fine editions was created with Mr. Rogers its head. More than sixty of these Riverside Press Editions were designed by Rogers, decorated with illustrations and ornament largely by him, and printed on handmade, damped paper. It was there, in 1901, that he cut his first typeface, Montaigne, a Venetian style face named for the first book it appeared in, a 1903 limited edition of The Essays of Montaigne.
New York/Dyke Mill period (1911–1916)
In 1912 Rogers moved to New York City, where he worked both as an independent designer and as house designer for the Metropolitan Museum of Art. It was for the Museum's 1915 limited edition of Maurice de Guérin's The Centaur that he designed his most famous type-face, Centaur. Like Montaigne it was based on the Venetian faces of Nicolas Jenson. Rogers considered this face to be an improvement on his earlier Montaigne, both because his design had matured and because, on the advice of Frederic Goudy, he had employed Robert Wiebking as the punch-cutter; and Rogers used Centaur extensively for the rest of his career The Centaur was produced by Rogers in Dyke Mill at Carl Purington Rollins' Montague Press (hand-set by his wife, Anne Rogers (1867–1931)), and it is now one of the most collected books ever printed.
First visit to Britain
In 1916 Rogers left for England to work with Emery Walker, hoping to establish a press for fine editions. However, because of wartime conditions, only one book was produced, and Rogers soon sought employment with the Cambridge University Press. He found conditions at the press to be poor, and his report to the syndics of the press resulted in many reforms and paved the way for the hiring of Stanley Morison as typographic adviser.
Mount Vernon period (1919–1928)
After returning to the U.S., Rogers met William Edwin Rudge, who began to use Rogers extensively as a book designer for his Mount Vernon Press. This was Rogers' most productive and remunerative period, as he worked three days a week designing books for Rudge, served as typographic adviser and designed books for Harvard University Press (from 1920 to 1936), served as typographic adviser to Lanston Monotype, and produced a few books for the June House Press, which he operated in partnership with James Raye Wells and James Hendrickson.
Second visit to Britain
In 1928 Rogers left for England in hopes of producing an edition of Homer's Odyssey translated by T.E. Lawrence. Despite Rogers's being very "bookish," he soon became close, lifelong friends with the dashing Lawrence of Arabia. The project took four years and the fine book was printed in Centaur types, on gray handmade paper, bound in black Niger leather. Rogers also became engaged to produce the renowned Oxford Lectern Bible for Oxford University Press. This project took six years, requiring annual trips to Oxford to oversee its completion in 1935. Joseph Blumenthal called this "The most important and notable typographic achievement of the twentieth century." To produce the Bible, an italic complement to Centaur was needed. As he did not feel capable of designing the sort of chancery face that he thought appropriate, Rogers chose to pair Centaur with Frederic Warde's Arrighi, a pairing retained to this day.
October House period (1932–1957)
In later years Rogers worked as a free-lancer, designed his World Bible, and wrote and designed his book on printing, Paragraphs on Printing, published by William E. Rudge's Sons in 1943.
Personal life
In 1900 Rogers married Anna Embree Baker, and they remained together until her death in 1936. As Rogers spent most of his working life as a free-lancer, they lived frugally and were often in financial straits. Rogers purchased October House, his residence in New Fairfield, Connecticut, in 1925, and made this his permanent home from 1932 until his death. Rogers was a member of the Typophiles, and smoked imported English cigarettes.
Death
Rogers died on May 18, 1957, in New Fairfield, Connecticut.
In later life Rogers and his wife Anne donated a substantial collection of books, early manuscripts, and antique furniture to Purdue University's Special Collection Library. The bulk of his papers are in the collection of the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library.
Works
Sayings of Bruce Rogers
"Don't borrow contemporary work — you are sure to be found out."
"Never apologize."
"The first requisite of all book design is orderliness."
When told that something he had produced was not "according to Hoyle" he answered, "We're Hoyle.".
Typefaces
Montaigne (1901, privately cast), punches cut by John Cumming
Centaur (original) (1914, privately cast by Barnhart Brothers & Spindler), matrices cut by Robert Wiebking of the Western Type Foundry.
Centaur (Monotype) (1929, Monotype Ltd. and Mackenzie & Harris), matrices re-cut for machine composition by British Monotype.
Bookplates
In addition to his work as a typographer and type designer, Rogers worked designing ephemera, such as bookplates. Bookplates by Rogers that have survived in library and museum collections show that his bookplate designs were text-based, only rarely including small images, and frequently showcased his type designs.
Further reading
Kelly, Jerry. The First Flowering: Bruce Rogers at the Riverside Press, 1896-1912 (2008. David Godine, Boston, USA) [with check-list]
Rogers, Bruce. Pi; a hodge-podge of the letters, papers, and addresses written during the last sixty years (1972. Freeport, NY: Books for Libraries Press)
Rogers, Bruce, Paragraphs on Printing (1943. William E. Rudge's Sons, NY. Reprint 1980. Dover Publications, NY)
Targ, William. The making of the Bruce Rogers World Bible (1949. Cleveland: World Publishing Co.)
Warde, Frederic. Bruce Rogers, designer of books And Bruce Rogers: a bibliography; hitherto unrecorded work 1889-1925, complete works 1925-1936'', by Irvin Haas. (1936. Mount Vernon: The Peter Pauper Press; 1967 Port Washington, NY: Kennikat Press)
The work of Bruce Rogers, jack of all trades, master of one: a catalogue of an exhibition arranged by the American Institute of Graphic Arts and the Grolier Club of New York. With an introduction by D. B. Updike, a letter from John T. McCutcheon, and an address by Mr. Rogers. Publisher: Oxford University Press, New York 1939
References
External links
An exhibit of Rogers' work at the Minnesota Center for Book Arts (now only available through the Internet Archive's Wayback Machine)
An article on Centaur, a type face designed by Rogers, in Harvard Magazine
Linotype Font Designer Gallery entry for Bruce Rogers
Emery Walker Trust
The Bruce Rogers Collection From the Rare Book and Special Collections Division at the Library of Congress
Bookplates by Bruce Rogers in the University of Delaware Library's William Augustus Brewer Bookplate Collection
Inventory to the Collection on Bruce Rogers at Purdue University
Bruce Rogers Papers at the Newberry Library
Bruce Rogers Collection. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University.
1870 births
1957 deaths
AIGA medalists
American graphic designers
Purdue University alumni
American printers
American typographers and type designers
People from Madison County, Indiana
People from New Fairfield, Connecticut |
52397746 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip%20Seerup | Philip Seerup | Philip Seerup (born 12 September 1997) is a Danish male badminton player.
Achievements
BWF International Challenge/Series
Men's doubles
Mixed doubles
BWF International Challenge tournament
BWF International Series tournament
BWF Future Series tournament
References
External links
1997 births
Living people
Danish male badminton players |
5617182 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JHC | JHC | JHC may refer to:
JHC (), a Christogram
Jaffna Hindu College, a boys' public national school in Jaffna, Sri Lanka
Jesus H. Christ, an example of slang serving as a profanity
Jesus Henry Christ, a 2012 comedy based on Dennis Lee's Student Academy Award-winning short film of the same name
John Hancock Center, a 100-story, 1,127-foot tall skyscraper in Chicago, Illinois
Joint Helicopter Command, a tri-service organisation uniting military helicopters of the British Armed Forces
Journal of Higher Criticism, an academic journal
Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, a peer-reviewed scientific journal of cell biology
Jurong Health Connect, a community health project started in Jurong
J.M. High Company
J. H. Carlisle
JAPW Heavyweight Championship
JHC Avto
JHC Bars
JHC Reaktor
JW Hunt Cup
Jai Hind College
JCW Heavyweight Championship
JHC Spartak
Järfälla HC, a hockey club in Järfälla, Sweden
People
James Henry Callander (1803–1851)
J. Hinckley Clark (1830s–1880s)
J. Harwood Cochrane (1912–2016)
James Hodge Codding (1849–1919)
James H. Cone (1936–2018)
James H. Connors (died 1941)
J. H. Conradie (1897–1966)
James H. Conyers (1855–1935)
James H. Coon (1914–1996)
J. Harry Covington (1870–1942)
James Henry Coyne (1849–1942)
James Hoey Craigie (1870–1930)
James H. Cromartie (born 1944)
John Horton Conway (1937–2020), English mathematician
J. H. Cobbina, Ghanaian police officer
Josh Harvey-Clemons (born 1994), American football player
See also |
20223340 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homage%20to%20Chagall%3A%20The%20Colours%20of%20Love | Homage to Chagall: The Colours of Love | Homage to Chagall: The Colours of Love is a 1977 Canadian documentary film about artist Marc Chagall directed by Harry Rasky.
Synopsis
Imaginatively utilizing over 300 mosaics, stained-glass windows, murals and paintings, plus an in-depth interview with the famous Russian artist himself, Homage to Chagall is both a tribute to and a celebration of a life of intense productivity that encompassed everything from primitive mysticism to cubist intellectuality.
Reception
Writing in the Saturday Review, Judith Crist stated in that Homage to Chagall, "the filmmaker has made magical blend of sight and sound that transcends the screen in a triumphant tribute to humanism." Crist continues that Homage to Chagall "can be seen again and again, as it should. So masterly a homage to a master is a rare and wonderful achievement."
Homage to Chagall: The Colours of Love was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature. The Directors Guild of America awarded Rasky with Outstanding Direction of a Documentary/Actuality in 1985.
References
External links
1977 films
1977 documentary films
English-language films
Canadian films
Canadian documentary films
Films directed by Harry Rasky
Documentary films about visual artists
Marc Chagall |
33692228 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Glass%20Cage%20%281965%20film%29 | The Glass Cage (1965 film) | The Glass Cage () is a 1965 Israeli-French drama film directed by Philippe Arthuys and Jean-Louis Levi-Alvarès. The film was selected as the Israeli entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 38th Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee. It was also entered into the 4th Moscow International Film Festival.
Cast
Georges Rivière as Claude
Jean Négroni as Pierre
Françoise Prévost
Maurice Poli as Antoine
Dina Doron as Sonia
Azaria Rapaport as Journalist
Rina Ganor as Tamar
Natan Cogan as Doctor
See also
List of submissions to the 38th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film
List of Israeli submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film
References
External links
1965 films
French films
French drama films
Israeli films
French-language films
Hebrew-language films
1965 drama films
French black-and-white films
Israeli black-and-white films
Films directed by Philippe Arthuys
Holocaust films |
34581485 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumbini%20Gardens | Lumbini Gardens | Lumbini Gardens is a public park on the banks of the Nagawara Lake in Bangalore, Karnataka. It contains an eco-friendly boating park and a 12,500 square foot artificial beach and children's pool.
References
External links
Tourist attractions in Bangalore
Gardens in India
Parks in Bangalore |
8749729 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uneasy%20Rider | Uneasy Rider | "Uneasy Rider" is a 1973 song written and performed by American singer and multi-instrumentalist Charlie Daniels. It consists of a narrative spoken over a guitar melody, and is sometimes considered a novelty song. It was released as a single and appeared on Daniels' album Honey in the Rock which is also sometimes known as Uneasy Rider.
Plot
The narrator protagonist of "Uneasy Rider" is a long-haired marijuana smoker driving a Chevrolet with a "peace sign, mag wheels, and four on the floor." The song is a spoken-word description of an interlude in a trip from a non-specified location in the Southern United States to Los Angeles, California. When one of the narrator's tires goes flat in Jackson, Mississippi, he stops at a "Redneck" bar and calls a gas station to come repair it. He is alone at first, to his relief, but several local residents soon arrive and question his manners, physical appearance, and choice of car. In order to extricate himself from a potential physical altercation, the narrator accuses one man of being a federal agent working undercover to infiltrate the Ku Klux Klan, who removes George Wallace bumper stickers, voted for George McGovern, and has a Communist flag on his garage wall. As the others begin to believe the narrator's story, the man defends himself by saying he has lived in Jackson all of his life, has no garage, is a faithful Baptist, and adheres to the teachings of "Brother John Birch". The distraction lasts long enough for the narrator to escape just as his tire is repaired. After chasing the rednecks around with his car for a short time, he speeds away quickly and resumes his journey to Los Angeles; already on a northward track to Arkansas, he decides on the fly to reroute through Omaha, Nebraska.
Cultural references
The lyrics reflect cultural divisions in the Southern United States in the early 1970s between the counterculture of the 1960s and more traditional Southern culture. Unlike with most country music of the time, Daniels' protagonist is a member of the counterculture.
The song's title, which does not appear in the lyrics, is a play on the film Easy Rider, which follows two counterculture motorcyclists on a journey in the opposite direction, from Los Angeles to New Orleans, Louisiana and eventually to Florida.
Daniels' counterculture attitude was consistent with that of others in the outlaw country music movement but is in contrast to his later right-wing attitudes expressed in songs such as 1989's "Simple Man".
Chart performance
Uneasy Rider '88
The Charlie Daniels Band's 1988 album Homesick Heroes featured the single "Uneasy Rider '88" that was musically and thematically similar to "Uneasy Rider" but with a story set in a gay bar in Houston, Texas.
Content
Two men decide to travel to New Orleans to party, but on the way get pulled over by a police officer for speeding. They decide to stop at the Cloud 9 Bar and Grill in Houston, Texas. The narrator reacts violently to sexual harassment from a customer, which instigates a fight with the locals.
His friend joins in, and learns during the fight that the good-looking gal he had been dancing with was a crossdresser. The narrator and his friend struggle to leave the bar amid the fight, get into their vehicle, and speed away—and get pulled over by the same police officer who stopped them earlier. They end up in a county jail where the narrator swears off drinking and partying.
Notes
External links
1973 singles
Charlie Daniels songs
Songs written by Charlie Daniels
Songs about the American South
1973 songs
Kama Sutra Records singles
Epic Records singles |
41688873 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jenaro%20Herrera | Jenaro Herrera | Jenaro Herrera is the capital of the Jenaro Herrera District in the Requena Province of Peru. The village was founded in 1954 by Manuel Gordon Magne, a lieutenant colonel (then a lieutenant) of the Guardia Civil del Perú. It is named for Jenaro Herrera, the first lawyer in Loreto, the region that encompasses the village.
References
1954 establishments in Peru
Populated places established in 1954
Populated places in the Loreto Region
Regional capital cities in Peru |
42315050 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurricane-LaVerkin%20Bridge | Hurricane-LaVerkin Bridge |
The Hurricane-La Verkin Bridge spans the Virgin River, connecting the towns of Hurricane and LaVerkin in southern Utah, United States.
Description
The five-panel steel Warren pony truss spans , and is supported by concrete-filled steel cylinder piers. It is one of the oldest Warren pony truss bridges in Utah, built in 1908 by the Midland Bridge Company.
The Hurricane-LaVerkin Bridge was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on April 14, 1995.
See also
List of bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Utah
National Register of Historic Places listings in Washington County, Utah
References
External links
Road bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Utah
Bridges completed in 1908
Buildings and structures in Washington County, Utah
Historic American Engineering Record in Utah
Transportation in Washington County, Utah
National Register of Historic Places in Washington County, Utah
1908 establishments in Utah
Steel bridges in the United States
Warren truss bridges in the United States |
13907041 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memoria%20%28album%29 | Memoria (album) | Memoria is the third studio album of Argentine band Erreway. The songs were written by Maria Cristina de Giacomi and Carlos Nilson, who also wrote for the albums "Señales (2002) and Tiempo (2003). The album was released in June 2004, and sold 500,000 copies only in South America. The songs "Asignatura Pendiente", "Vivo Como Vivo", "De Aquí, de Allá", "Solo Sé" and "Memoria" were used in the Erreway movie Erreway: 4 Caminos (2004).
Track listing
"Memoria" – 4:34
"Solo Sé" – 4:22
"De Aquí, de Allá" – 3:15
"Asignatura Pendiente" – 4:00
"No Hay Que Llorar" – 3:38
"Dame" – 4:07
"Bandera Blanca" – 3:31
"Mañana Habrá" – 3:14
"Vivo Como Vivo" – 3:19
"Perdiendo, Ganando" – 3:22
"Que Se Siente" – 4:25
Personnel
Benjamin Rojas - vocals
Camila Bordonaba - vocals
Felipe Colombo - vocals
Luisana Lopilato - vocals
References
Erreway albums
2004 albums |
40051550 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Do%20Bandab%20Chati-ye%20Mahtab | Do Bandab Chati-ye Mahtab | Do Bandab Chati-ye Mahtab (, also Romanized as Do Bandāb Chātī-ye Mahtāb) is a village in Tayebi-ye Sarhadi-ye Sharqi Rural District, Charusa District, Kohgiluyeh County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 22, in 5 families.
References
Populated places in Kohgiluyeh County |
8094825 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fear%20of%20commitment | Fear of commitment | In self-help literature, fear of commitment is the avoidance of long-term partnership and/or marriage. In popular culture and in psychology, the concept is often much more pervasive and can affect an individual's school, work, and home life as well.
The term "commitmentphobia" was coined in the popular self-help book Men Who Can't Love in 1987. Following criticism that the idea was sexist, implying only men were commitmentphobic, the authors provided a more gender balanced model of commitmentphobia in a later work, He's Scared, She's Scared (1995). When aversion to marriage involves fear, it's called "scottophobia". Hatred of marriage is "misogamy".
Criticism
Besides the common criticisms of self-help, psychologist Bella M. DePaulo has written books on singlism such as Singlism: What it is, why it matters and how to stop it and Singled Out on the stigmatization of single people.
The use of the term "fear" or "phobia" imparts an inherent linguistic bias. It recasts specific lifestyle decisions (such as bachelorhood vs. marriage, or a conscious decision to remain childfree) implicitly as generalised, irrational phobias while failing to identify, describe or address an individual's specific motives. For instance, the men's rights movement, citing high divorce rates and expensive alimony and legal costs, does speak not in terms of a "fear of commitment" but of a "marriage strike" to reflect their position that non-marriage is an entirely valid, logical position based on rational consideration of the economic factors involved.
See also
Alimony
Bachelor
Child custody
Divorce
Implications of divorce
Lad culture
Old maid
Sexual revolution
References
Marriage
Interpersonal relationships
Divorce
Intimate relationships
Phobias |
54637040 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuntz | Stuntz | Stuntz is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Daniel Elliot Stuntz (1909–1983), American businessman
Jean A. Stuntz (born 1957), American historian
Johann Baptist Stuntz (1753–1836), Swiss-German landscape painter
Johnno Stuntz (1884–1917), Australian rugby league footballer
Stephen Conrad Stuntz (1875 – 1918), American botanist and fiction author with the author citation Stuntz.
William J. Stuntz (1958–2011), American legal scholar |
51779909 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greg%20Ballora | Greg Ballora | Greg Ballora (born 1965, and also known as Gregory Ballora, Gregory B. Ballora and Gregory Bellora) is an American puppeteer.
Filmography
Film
Men in Black II – Sleeble
The Muppets – Additional Muppets
The X-Files – Creature #2
Television
Bizaardvark – Hair Puppeteer (in "Pretty Con")
Greg the Bunny – Various
Muppets Tonight – Additional Muppets
The Adventures of Timmy the Tooth – Emmett the Mailbox, Various
The Crayon Box - Puppeteer
The Mr. Potato Head Show – Baloney
Crew work
Billy & Mandy's Big Boogie Adventure – Grim (puppeteer)
Crash & Bernstein – Puppet Captain
RoboCop 2 – Robot Monster Crew (movement)
Team America: World Police – Lead Puppeteer
The Flintstones – Puppeteer
External links
American puppeteers
Living people
1965 births
Date of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people) |
44730447 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skype%20Translator | Skype Translator | Skype Translator is a speech to speech translation application developed by Skype, which has operated as a division of Microsoft since 2018. Skype Translator Preview has been publicly available since December 15, 2015. Skype Translator is available as a standalone app and, as of October 2015, is integrated into the Skype for Windows desktop app.
Skype Translator was built on developments in deep neural networks for speech recognition and Microsoft Translator's statistical machine translation technology. Users converse in their native languages, and the speech is translated from one language to the other in “near real-time”, with the output translation presented by computer-generated speech synthesis. The current version supports speech translation to and from English, French, German, Chinese (Mandarin), Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Arabic, Japanese and Russian.
The application also features on-screen text transcripts of the spoken phrases in their original language along with the translation. In addition, Skype Translator supports Skype Instant Message, which can translate users’ instant messages into more than 70 languages supported by Microsoft Translator.
In October 2015, Skype announced that Skype Translator has been integrated into Skype for Windows desktop. This functionality is available to users following automatic updates to their Skype desktop app.
In March 2016, Microsoft Translator announced that the Microsoft Translator API that powers Skype Translator is available as service for businesses that want to add speech translation to their custom apps and solutions.
See also
Machine translation
Microsoft Translator
Language
References
External links
Skype Translator Preview
Microsoft Translator: Skype Translator
Milestones on the path to Skype Translator
Skype Translator – How it Works
Skype
Translation software |
48456135 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natabar%20Samantaray | Natabar Samantaray | Natabar Samantaray was an Odia writer and literary critic. Some of his known literary historical works are Odia Sahityara Itihasa (1803-1920), Adhunika Odia Sahityara Bhittibhumi and Vyasakabi Fakirmohan. His critical review included works of many noted Odia authors like Fakir Mohan Senapati and Radhanath Ray. His historical research includes all of the major Odia writings published during 1803 until 1920 which accentuate the British Raj and its impact in coastal Odisha, and a critical analysis of the modern Odia literature.
Notable works
Odia Sahityara Itihasa (1803-1920) (1964)
Vyasakabi Fakirmohan (1957)
Fakirmohan Sahitya Samiksha (1984)
Kabyasrshti Manasa (1999)
Radhanatha Rachanabali O Semananka Prakasa Samaya Nirnaya (The Dagara, XXIV, 6th and 7th number, 1960–61, p. 5)
Radhanatha Sahitya Samikha Eka Adhayana (The Jhankar, VIII, 11th number, February 1957, p. 1062)
Juga Prabarttak Radhanath
Research Books
Byasakabi Fakirmohan - 1957 (Odisha Sahitya Academy Award)
Adhunika Odia Sahityara Digdarshan - 1859
Odia Vaishnava Sahitya - 1959
Jugaprabartaka Srasta Radhanath - 1960 (Odisha Sahitya Academy Award)
Gangadhara Sahitya Samikshya - 1960
Sahityadarsha - 1960
Radhanath O Chilika Kabya - 1960
Galpa Nuhen Samalochana - 1963
Odia Sahityara Itihasa (1803-1920) - 1963 (Ph.D Thesis)
Adhunika Odia Sahityara Bhittibhumi - 1964
Nandakishor Sahitya Samikhya - 1964
Odia Palli Sahitya - 1970
Odia Sahityaku Artaballavanka Dana - 1970
Badajena Sahitya Samokhya - 1971
Sakhahina Pancha Sakha - 1975
Mu Kipari Gabeshana Kali - 1976
Odia Sahityara Swara Paribartana - 1976
Odia Sahityara Kala O Kala - 1977
Odia Sahityare Samikhya O Sangraha - 1977
Adhunika Odia Sahiya Bikashara Prusthabhumi - 1979
Odishara Dharmadharare Panchasakha Parikalpana - 1982
Radhanath Sahitya Samikhya - 1984
Fakirmohan Sahitya Samikhya - 1984
Kabi Gopabandhunka Kabya Srusti Manasa: Eka Sarvekshana - 1999
After Death Publication
Odia Bhasa Bilopa Andolana Ed. Dr. Smaran Kumar Nayak, Published by Jagannath Ratha, Binod Bihari, Cuttack, Odisha, India.
Awards
Atibadi Jagannath Das Award (1995)
Odisha Sahitya Academy Award (1957-1958) for Vyasakabi Fakir Mohan
Odisha Sahitya Academy Award (1959-1961) for Juga Prabarttak Radhanath
Sarala Award
References
20th-century Indian writers
Odia-language writers
Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Odia
Writers from Odisha
20th-century Indian male writers |
45013549 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard%20Wilson%20%28rugby%20union%29 | Richard Wilson (rugby union) | Richard George Wilson (born 19 May 1953) is a former New Zealand rugby union player. A fullback, Wilson represented Canterbury at a provincial level, and was a member of the New Zealand national side, the All Blacks, from 1976 to 1980. He played 25 matches for the All Blacks including two full internationals.
References
1953 births
Living people
People educated at St Andrew's College, Christchurch
New Zealand rugby union players
New Zealand international rugby union players
Canterbury rugby union players
Rugby union fullbacks
People from Leeston |
25744244 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M.%20Muhammad%20Ismail | M. Muhammad Ismail | M. Muhammad Ismail Rowther (; 5 June 1896—5 April 1972) was an Indian politician and social worker from Tirunelveli, southern Tamil Nadu. He is the founder of Indian Union Muslim League after the partition of British India (1947). He was popularly known in Tamil Nadu and Kerala as the "Quaid-e-Millat" ("the Leader of the Nation").
Ismail was a member of Madras Legislative Assembly and Leader of the Opposition (1946—52). He was also a member (1948—50) of the Constituent Assembly (1946), the drafting body of the constitution of India. He was also a member of Rajya Sabha (1952—58) from Madras and Lok Sabha (3rd, 1962—67, 4th, 1967—70 and 5th, 1971—72).
Life and career
M. Muhammad Ismail was born in Pettai, Tirunelveli, in what is now the Indian state of Tamil Nadu on 5 June 1896 to Maulavi K. T. Miakhan Rowther. He was educated at C. M. S. College and M. D. T. Hindu College at Tirunelveli and later at St. Joseph's College, Trichinopoly and Christian College, Madras.
Ismail started the 'Young Muslim Society' in his home town Tirunelveli Petai in 1909 (as a 13-year-old). He was also instrumental in establishing 'Majlis-ul-Ulama' ('the Council of Islamic Scholars') in 1918. He went into business in the 1920s and became a leader of leather and meat industry and eventually of Madras commerce.
Ismail married Jamal Hameeda Biwi in November 1923. Ismail's brother, K. T. M. Ahmed Ibrahim, was also a principal leader of the All-India Muslim League in Madras Presidency.
Political career
With the All-India Muslim League
Success in Madras commerce led Ismail into Indian politics. Along with K. M. Seethi Saheb, B. Pocker and K. Uppi Saheb, he was one of the principal leaders of All-India Muslim League in Madras Presidency from the mid-1930s.
In 1945, he became the President of the Madras Presidency unit of the All-India Muslim League. His joint secretary is P. N. Abuthalib,
In the elections to the Madras legislature, the League won all but ten of the reserved seats in 1936 and all in 1946. The League emerged as the second largest party in the Assembly after the 1946 elections and Ismail served as the Leader of the Opposition in the Legislative Assembly during 1946–52.
With the Indian Union Muslim League
When British India was partitioned into India and Pakistan, the All-India Muslim League was virtually disbanded (December, 1947). Ismail, the then President of the Madras Muslim League, was chosen as the Convener of the Indian segment of the League. The Indian members of the League formed the Indian Union Muslim League at Madras (first council in March, 1948 and constitution passed in September, 1951). Ismail was elected as the first President of Indian Union Muslim League.
After partition, Muslims lawmakers were still well represented in the Constituent Assembly, the drafting body of the constitution of India (almost all of these lawmakers had been elected on League tickets). Only those from Madras Presidency formally adhered to Indian Union Muslim League after August, 1947.
Ismail was elected from the Madras Legislative Assembly to the Constituent Assembly in 1948. When the report of the Advisory Committee on Minorities was debated (1949), League President Ismail moved a motion for the retention of reserved seats for Muslims and a separate communal electorate. The Assembly summarily rejected this motion.
Ismail also wanted wanted both Tamil and Hindustani among the Official Languages of India.
In Parliament
In the 1950s, Ismail started negotiating with the stubborn Congress High Command (through the Madras Congress leadership) for the coveted Congress recognition. Some informal alliances were made with the Madras Congress. However, talks with K. Kamaraj broke down before the 1957 General Elections and the League suffered a debacle in Tamil Nadu. The party witnessed as a split in October, 1961. League now allied with the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam.
In 1952, Ismail was elected to the Rajya Sabha from Madras and remained a member till 1958. He was the first Member of Parliament (M.P) to request that part of his emolument as an M.P., be retained for National Defence Fund. While in Rajya Sabha he supported the retaining of Shari'ah Law for Indian Muslims.
When the state of Kerala was formed by the States Reorganisation Act in 1956, Ismail shifted to Kerala politics. He was elected to the Lok Sabha from Manjeri Parliamentary Constituency three times – in 1962 (Third Lok Sabha), 1967 (Fourth Lok Sabha) and 1971 (Fifth Lok Sabha) as an Indian Union Muslim League candidate.
Business career
Ismail went into business in the 1920s and was involved in various commerce committees throughout his political career. He was a noted businessman of the Madras Presidency involved in leather and meat industry.
The boards and committees he was a member of include:
Madras Port Trust Board, Board of Industries (Madras), Madras Provincial Marketing Board, Madras Excise Licensing Board, and South India Railway Advisory Committee.
Industrial Planning Committee (Government of Madras), South India Chamber of Commerce and Industry (once Vice-President of the Chamber), Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry, and Court of Aligarh Muslim University.
Indian Council of Agricultural Research (Hides and Skins), Hides Cess Enquiry Committee, Mica Enquiry Committee, Chairman (Leather and Leather Goods Committee, Government of Madras), Honorary Secretary and Vice-President (Southern India Skin and Hide Merchants Association, Madras) and, President (Madras State Mutton Dealers Chamber).
Legacy
M. Muhammad Ismail died in 1972 (after a prolonged illness). He was popularly known in Tamil Nadu and Kerala as the "Quaid-e-Millat" ("the Leader of the Nation"). Indian National Congress politician M. Bhaktavatsalam, former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, paying his tribute, described Ismail as a "a model for all Opposition leaders".
The Tamil Nadu Government renamed Nagapattinam district as "Nagai Quaid-e-Millat" District in his honour (however, it reverted to its old name in 1997, when all names of persons were dropped from the names of districts and transport corporations).
In 2003, the Tamil Nadu Government constructed a memorial hall for M. Muhammad Ismail.
A number of colleges in Tamil Nadu including the Quaid-e-Millat Government College for Women, Chennai and Quaid-e-Millat College, Medavakkam, Chennai have been named after M. Muhammad Ismail.
References
Members of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly
Madras Christian College alumni
1896 births
1972 deaths
3rd Lok Sabha members
Rajya Sabha members from Tamil Nadu
4th Lok Sabha members
5th Lok Sabha members
People from Tirunelveli district
Indian Union Muslim League politicians
Lok Sabha members from Kerala
Indian Union Muslim League politicians from Tamil Nadu |
8966193 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tilusha%20Ghelani | Tilusha Ghelani | Tilusha Ghelani is a British radio and TV comedy producer. She joined the BBC in 2002 as a producer in Radio Light Entertainment. She produced the TV series Nurse starring Paul Whitehouse, and now works on the BBC Comedy commissioning team. Ghelani served as a judge for the 2003 Perrier Comedy Award.
Programmes she has produced and/or directed include:
Nurse (BBC Two), 2015)
Nurse (BBC Radio 4, 2013 and 2016 )
Simon Evans Goes to Market (BBC Radio 4, 2014)
Just a Minute (BBC Two, 2013)
Mr and Mrs Smith (BBC Radio 4, 2012)
Newsjack (BBC Radio 4 Extra, 2009- 2011)
Beauty of Britain (BBC Radio 4, 2009)
Micky Flanagan: What Chance Change? (BBC Radio 4, 2009)
Will Smith's Midlife Crisis Management (BBC Radio 4, 2008-9)
Wil Hodgson: Straight Outta Chippenham (pilot; BBC Radio 4, 2008)
Sean Lock and Friends at the Fringe (BBC Radio 2, 2008)
Just a Minute (BBC Radio 4, 2007–14)
Knocker (BBC 7, 2007)
Gus Murdoch's Sacred Cows (BBC 7, 2007)
Will Smith Presents the Tao of Bergerac (BBC Radio 4, 2007)
Alan Carr & Friends at the Fringe (BBC Radio 4, 2007)
Out to Lunch Special – The Dan Antopolski Radio Show (BBC Radio 2, 2007)
4 Stands Up (BBC Radio 4, 2007–2008)
Life in London, a dramatisation of Pierce Egan's comic novel (BBC Radio 4, 2006)
Quote... Unquote (BBC Radio 4, 2005–2006)
Chain Reaction (BBC Radio 4, 2005–2007)
Keeping Up Appearances in India, a documentary for Radio 4 (18 July 2004) about the remaking of the BBC Television sitcom Keeping Up Appearances in Hindi for the STAR Network in India
Talking Comedy (BBC Radio 2, 2003)
Spanking New on 7 (BBC 7, 2003/4)
References
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Alumni of Birmingham City University
British radio producers
British Hindus
Gujarati people
British people of Indian descent |
46951394 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swimming%20at%20the%202015%20Southeast%20Asian%20Games%20%E2%80%93%20Men%27s%204%20%C3%97%20100%20metre%20medley%20relay | Swimming at the 2015 Southeast Asian Games – Men's 4 × 100 metre medley relay | The men's 4 x 100 metre medley relay competition of the swimming events at the 2015 Southeast Asian Games was held on 11 June at the OCBC Aquatic Centre in Singapore.
Schedule
All times are Singapore Standard Time (UTC+08:00)
Records
The following records were established during the competition:
Results
Final
The final was held on 11 June.
References
External links
Men's 4 x 100 metre medley relay |
14736869 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hart-Purgstall | Hart-Purgstall | Hart-Purgstall is a former municipality in the district of Graz-Umgebung in the Austrian state of Styria. Since the 2015 Styria municipal structural reform, it is part of the municipality Eggersdorf bei Graz.
Population
References
Graz Highlands
Cities and towns in Graz-Umgebung District |
45303804 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryan%20Fecteau | Ryan Fecteau | Ryan Michael Fecteau (born September 18, 1992) is the Speaker of the Maine House of Representatives. A Democrat, Fecteau serves Maine House District 11, consisting of a portion of Biddeford. At the time of his election as Speaker of the House in December 2020, Fecteau was both the youngest active state Speaker in the United States and the first openly gay person to serve as Speaker of the Maine House.
Fecteau was born and raised in Biddeford, Maine and graduated from Biddeford High School. He attended the Catholic University of America where he was active in student government and LGBTQ+ advocacy. He was first elected to Maine House District 11 in 2014 when he was 21 years old and was re-elected in 2016, 2018 and 2020. In November 2018, Fecteau was elected Assistant Majority Leader of the Maine House, and in December 2020 he was elected Speaker of the House. He is an account executive at Catalist.
Early life and education
Fecteau is a native of Biddeford, Maine and the grandson of French-Canadian immigrants. He was raised by a single mother who worked in healthcare, and Fecteau grew up in subsidized housing; the family often relied on the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program for food. Fecteau graduated from Biddeford High School, spending two years as the student representative to the Biddeford School Committee during his time there.
After high school, Fecteau attended the Catholic University of America where he majored in both political science and theological & religious studies. He was the president of the CUAllies, the University's LGBTQ+ advocacy group, and led a campaign to have the group officially recognized by the University, an effort which ultimately failed. While at CUA, Fecteau was the first openly gay speaker of the Student Government General Assembly and completed internships at the Democratic National Committee, the Human Rights Campaign, Catalist, and in the office of US Representative Chellie Pingree. He was the first person in his family to graduate from college.
Career
Fecteau has worked as a field organizer for Mainers United for Marriage in 2012, was the chairman of the Biddeford Democractic Committee from 2011 to 2012, and was an editorial director at Trueline Publishing in Portland, Maine. He has worked at several Ogunquit, Maine businesses since 2014 and at the Perkins Cove. In late 2020, he was hired as an account executive at Catalist.
Political experience
In 2013, while he was still a student at CUA, Fecteau began his campaign for Maine House District 11. He traveled to Maine on weekends to campaign and recruited friends to call voters during the weekends when he could not make the trip. Fecteau defeated fellow Democrat David Flood 65%-35% in the 2014 House District 11 Democratic primary and beat Republican Debi Davis 67%-33% in the general election. He was 21, the third-youngest member of the Maine legislature and the youngest openly gay state representative in the United States.
Fecteau ran unopposed in the 2016 Democratic primary and defeated Republican Renee Morin 68%-32%.
Assistant Majority Leader
In 2018, Fecteau was again unopposed in the primary and defeated Republican Emily Rousseau 62%-38%. On November 16, 2018, the Maine House Democrats elected him Assistant House Majority Leader. Matt Moonen served as Majority Leader and Sara Gideon was the House Speaker. Fecteau’s signature legislation was a ban on the harmful practice of conversion therapy in Maine. In 2018, despite the Legislature’s support, Governor LePage was the only Republican Governor in the nation to veto a conversion therapy bill. In 2019, Governor Janet Mills signed the bill into law. Fecteau also worked on a bipartisan measure to expand affordable housing in Maine, the single largest investment in housing in Maine’s history.
House Speaker
Fecteau ran unopposed in both the House District 11 Democratic primary and the general election in 2020. On December 2, 2020, the Maine House elected him as their 103rd Speaker. While Fecteau ordinarily would have been sworn in by Governor Janet Mills, Mills was quarantining after possible exposure to COVID-19, so Acting Chief Justice of the Maine Supreme Judicial Court Andrew Mead conducted the ceremony instead. At the time of his swearing-in, Fecteau was the youngest presiding officer in the United States, the youngest Maine House speaker since 1842 and the first out speaker in Maine history.
During his time as Speaker, he worked with Senate President Troy Jackson to pass LD 1, the COVID-19 Patient Bill of Rights and continue the work of the 130th Legislature through a hybrid model of virtual public hearings and occasional distanced sessions at a Civic Center before returning to the state house in June 2021. His bill to expand dental care to 217,000 low-income Mainers was funded as part of the biennial budget. Fecteau's multi-year efforts to fund capital improvements for Maine’s career and technical education centers finally passed in 2021 through his bill for $20 million and an additional $20 million was designated through American Rescue Plan funding. In June 2020 Fecteau joined with Republicans to defeat a bill aiming to extend overtime protections to farm workers; however, he did back a bill to provide farm workers the right to organize. In the same year, legislation he worked on to reform the state’s troubled unemployment insurance system became law. Because of another bill passed by Speaker Fecteau in 2021, Maine municipalities could be incentivized to adopt zoning ordinances that encourage more affordable housing in Maine towns.
Personal life and recognition
Fecteau lives in Biddeford with his Goldendoodle, Pancake. In 2015, he received Youth Innovator of the Year award from The Trevor Project, a group focused on suicide prevention among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning, and queer youth, at their annual TrevorLIVE event.
Electoral history
References
External links
Legislative page
1992 births
21st-century American politicians
American people of French-Canadian descent
Catholic University of America alumni
Catholics from Maine
Gay politicians
LGBT Roman Catholics
LGBT state legislators in Maine
Living people
Maine Democrats
Politicians from Biddeford, Maine
Speakers of the Maine House of Representatives |
9791669 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seton%20Hall%20Pirates | Seton Hall Pirates | The Seton Hall Pirates are the athletic teams representing Seton Hall University. They compete as a member of the NCAA Division I level (non-football sub-level), primarily competing in the Big East Conference for all sports since the 1979–80 season. Men's sports include baseball, basketball, cross country, golf, soccer and swimming & diving; women's sports include basketball, cross country, golf, soccer, softball, swimming & diving, tennis and volleyball. Seton Hall canceled football (which was played in Division III) in 1982.
The university's athletic director is Bryan Felt. The program's mascot is The Pirate and colors are blue, gray, and white.
Teams
Men's
Basketball
The university first sponsored men's basketball in 1903. The program won the National Invitation Tournament (NIT) in 1953 and lost in the finals of the 1989 NCAA Tournament to Michigan, 80–79 in overtime.
Defunct
Football
The school sponsored football from 1882 to 1932 and from 1973 to 1982. The sport's second stint at the school came in Division III. The sport was dropped in 1982.
External links
Seton Hall University Athletics Collection, SHU 0020, Seton Hall University
References
Sports teams in the New York metropolitan area |
67671703 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shohei%20Kawakami | Shohei Kawakami | is a Japanese footballer currently playing as a midfielder for Fujieda MYFC.
Career statistics
Club
.
Notes
References
1997 births
Living people
Senshu University alumni
Japanese footballers
Association football midfielders
J3 League players
Fujieda MYFC players |
42630623 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jhoan%20Viafara | Jhoan Viafara | Jhoan Viafara (born January 12, 1990) is a Colombian footballer who plays for Tondela .
Career
References
1990 births
Living people
Colombian footballers
C.D. Tondela players
Colombian expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Portugal
Association football forwards
Colombian expatriate sportspeople in Portugal |
37846872 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony%20Elliott%20%28American%20football%20coach%29 | Tony Elliott (American football coach) | Antonio "Tony" Elliott (born November 26, 1979) is an American football coach who is currently the head coach at the University of Virginia. He previously served as an assistant coach at Clemson University from 2011 to 2021, most recently as associate head coach, offensive coordinator, and tight ends coach, after serving most of those years as running backs coach and/or co-offensive coordinator.
Elliott played college football at Clemson as a wide receiver from 2000 to 2003. Prior to his tenure at Virginia, he held various assistant coaching positions at South Carolina State, Furman and Clemson. While at Clemson, he won the 2017 Broyles Award, which goes to the college game's top assistant. He was one of the highest paid coordinators in the sport during his time at Clemson, and there he recruited, coached, and called plays for the ACC's all-time leader in yards and touchdowns, Travis Etienne, and co-coordinated the offenses of Deshaun Watson and Trevor Lawrence. Elliott-coached offenses (in part) won two NCAA titles for Clemson, including a stunning championship game 44–16 victory over Alabama in January 2019.
Early life
Elliott spent portions of his early childhood homeless on the streets of Los Angeles, California with his mother and sister. When he was 9 years old, his mother was killed in a car accident and he was sent to live with an aunt and uncle in South Carolina, where he began playing football and basketball.
Playing career
Elliott graduated from James Island High School in Charleston in 1997, where he was a football and basketball star for the Trojans. After attending the United States Air Force Academy Preparatory School as a football recruit in 1997, Elliott played college football at Clemson University under head coach Tommy Bowden. He came to Clemson in the fall of 1999 as a walk-on. He was selected team captain in 2003, a rare accomplishment for a walk-on. He finished his career at Clemson with 4 letters and 44 games with 4 starts. Elliott won All-ACC academic honors as a student athlete.
Coaching career
Early career
Elliott started his coaching career as the wide receivers' coach for the South Carolina State Bulldogs in 2006. He then served in the same position for the Furman Paladins from 2008 to 2010.
Clemson
Elliott made his return to the Clemson Tigers in early 2011 to fill the running back coach position. In December 2014, he was named co-offensive coordinator to replace outgoing offensive coordinator Chad Morris, who left to take over as head coach of the SMU football program. He shared coordinator duties with Clemson's wide receivers coach, Jeff Scott. Swinney announced that Elliott would be the play-caller for the Russell Athletics Bowl versus the Oklahoma Sooners, in which the Tigers defeated the Sooners by a score of 37–17.
Clemson's football team won the national championship in January 2017, beating Alabama, with Scott calling the offensive plays and serving as co-offensive coordinator for the game. In December 2017, Elliott was the recipient of the Broyles Award, presented to the top assistant coach in college football. In 2019, Elliott again called plays as co-offensive coordinator for Clemson's 44–16 win, again over Nick Saban's Alabama, to secure a second national championship.
Elliott was Clemson's primary offensive playcaller for seven seasons (2015–2021), including through both of Clemson's NCAA Championships and successful runs through the College Football Playoff. Elliott also coached the running backs and tight ends at Clemson. Elliott was the primary Clemson recruiter for these positions, including a "diamond in the rough" in four-star Travis Etienne, who under Elliott's position coaching and offensive playcalling became the ACC's all-time leader in rushing yards, rushing touchdowns, total touchdowns, total points scored, and total yards gained. Under Elliott, Etienne scored at least one touchdown in 46 of his 55 career games, setting the NCAA and FBS records. As a coordinator, Elliott was also the primary playcaller for Trevor Lawrence.
Elliott gained the additional title of associate head coach for Clemson in 2021. During his seven years as sole or co-offensive coordinator for Clemson, the Tigers had a record of 88–10. After reportedly turning down Tennessee's head coaching job the previous year, Elliott decided he was ready for such a role after the 2021 season, being named as the leading candidate at Duke before interviewing twice in Charlottesville after Bronco Mendenhall had stepped down for personal reasons at Virginia... a program that was briefly rumored to favor one of its own (Penn State co-defensive coordinator Anthony Poindexter) for the spot. Elliott had been the primary offensive playcaller and co-coordinator on the opposite side of the field from his new team in the 2019 ACC Championship Game, a game his Tigers had won, 62–17, over the Cavaliers.
Virginia
On December 10, 2021, Elliott was named the 41st head coach at the University of Virginia, replacing Bronco Mendenhall. Virginia had only four head coaches for the 40 seasons preceding Elliott.
Elliott set to work by hiring John Rudzinski from the United States Air Force Academy as his defensive coordinator, and Desmond Kitchings from the Atlanta Falcons as his offensive coordinator. Rudzinski's 2020 defense had ranked in the top 5 nationally for scoring defense and his 2021 defense had ranked in the national top 5 for total defense. Kitchings had previously been co-offensive coordinator at both NC State and Vanderbilt before most recently being a running backs coach in the NFL.
Personal life
Elliott graduated with a bachelor's degree in industrial engineering from Clemson University in 2002 with a team-high 3.55 GPA. Upon graduation, he worked as an engineer for Michelin North America for two years. He is married to the former Tamika Whitner of Spartanburg, South Carolina.
Head coaching record
References
Notes
External links
Clemson Tigers bio
Furman Paladins bio
1979 births
Living people
American football wide receivers
Clemson Tigers football coaches
Clemson Tigers football players
Furman Paladins football coaches
South Carolina State Bulldogs football coaches
Virginia Cavaliers football coaches
People from Watsonville, California
Players of American football from California
African-American coaches of American football
African-American players of American football
21st-century African-American sportspeople
20th-century African-American sportspeople |
56065666 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount%20Austin%20Road | Mount Austin Road | Mount Austin Road is a street in Victoria Peak, Hong Kong.
References
External links
Roads in Hong Kong
Victoria Peak |
54097017 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arandu%2C%20Gilgit-Baltistan | Arandu, Gilgit-Baltistan | Arandu is a town in Skardu District, Gilgit-Baltistan.
References
External links
Valleys of Gilgit-Baltistan
Populated places in Skardu District
Baltistan |
57821438 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutherford%2C%20West%20Virginia | Rutherford, West Virginia | Rutherford is an unincorporated community within Ritchie County, West Virginia, United States. Its post office has been closed.
References
Unincorporated communities in Ritchie County, West Virginia
Unincorporated communities in West Virginia |
2725690 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy%20Slater | Billy Slater | William Slater (born 18 June 1983), is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 2000s and 2010s. An Australian international and one-time captain of the Queensland State of Origin team, he played his entire club career in the National Rugby League for the Melbourne Storm, with whom he played in seven NRL Grand Finals. Slater also set the club's record for most ever tries and NRL record for most ever tries by a fullback.
Slater amassed 190 NRL tries for the Melbourne Storm, which is the second most in an Australian first-grade career, behind Ken Irvine. Slater also won two premierships, the Clive Churchill Medal twice and the Dally M Medal with the Storm. With the Kangaroos he was the 2008 World Cup's top try-scorer and player of the tournament and won the 2008 Golden Boot Award as the World player of the year. Slater was also the winner of the television game show Australia's Greatest Athlete in 2009 and 2010.
Background
Slater was born in Nambour, Queensland, Australia on 18 June 1983. He began playing rugby league football for the Brothers club in Innisfail, Queensland. A North Queensland Cowboys fan growing up, he never made a representative side with the club. At sixteen years of age, Slater left school at Innisfail State High School and decided to follow his personal passion for thoroughbred racing, working initially in Sydney for 6 months as a roustabout for the racehorse trainer Gai Waterhouse.
Playing career
2003
Slater commenced playing for the Melbourne Storm in 2003. In Round 1 of the 2003 NRL season, Slater made his first grade NRL debut for the Melbourne Storm against the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks at Remondis Stadium. Slater started on the and scored a try in Melbourne's 36–32 win after overcoming a 22–0 deficit early in the first half. In Slater's next match in Round 2 against the Penrith Panthers, Slater played his first match for the Storm at , scoring 2 tries in the Storm's 42–16 win at Olympic Park. From Rounds 4–8, Slater played in the centre position before moving back to fullback in Round 10 against the Brisbane Broncos in the Storms 36–16 loss at Queensland Sport and Athletics Centre. Slater played the rest of the year at fullback. After a stellar début season saw him crowned Dally M Rookie of the Year (although the awards that year were cancelled in protest). Slater was the Storm's highest try scorer in the 2003 NRL season with 19 tries in their 26 matches.
2004
Slater made his debut on the for Queensland in game one of the 2004 State of Origin series. Slater had a quiet but solid first game in QLD's 9–8 loss at ANZ Stadium. Slater retained his spot on the team for the second game of the series at Suncorp Stadium. In game two, just days shy of his 21st birthday, Slater was named man of the match after scoring two tries. His second try is considered one of the great individual Origin tries. Trailing 12–10, Slater latched onto a grubber kick from Darren Lockyer, chip-kicked the ball over Blues fullback Anthony Minichiello, regathering the ball and scoring in QLD's 22–18 win. Slater scored a try in the decider but could not stop a Brad Fittler inspired New South Wales side from clinching the series in QLD's 36–14 loss. Slater's club form helped his team finish 6th on the ladder, defeating the Brisbane Broncos 31–14 at Suncorp Stadium in the first game of the finals before succumbing to eventual premiers the Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs 43–18 at SFS. Slater played 22 matches and scored 14 tries for the Storm in the 2004 NRL season. He was named in the Kangaroo squad to tour Europe but injury prevented him from joining in the tour.
2005
Slater once again impressed in his third NRL season. Once again Slater was picked for the Queensland State of Origin team, this time at his preferred position of fullback. Slater returned for the second game in Sydney which saw the return of Andrew Johns, who spearheaded a New South Wales victory. Despite losing the match 32–22, Slater took advantage of a knock-on from the Blues Anthony Minichiello to score a length of the field try during the match. Slater was dumped from the Queensland side for the deciding third game in Brisbane which led to outrage from some Maroons fans. With injuries and suspensions, Slater had to wait three years for another chance at State of Origin. Slater continued his brilliant form throughout 2005, topping the try scoring charts with 20 tries in 21 matches for the Storm. Melbourne once again finished 6th in the league and defeated the Brisbane Broncos 24–18 at Suncorp Stadium in the first game of the finals before missing the Storms 24–16 season ending loss succumbing to an in-form North Queensland Cowboys team at SFS.
2006
Slater had a less successful 2006 season. Slater was suspended in Round 4 for seven matches for kicking Wests Tigers prop John Skandalis, but also scored two tries in the match. Injuries and suspensions kept Slater out of contention for a spot in the Queensland team in 2006. In his comeback game in Round 13 against the Sydney Roosters in the Storms 20–16 win at Olympic Park, Slater only played 25 minutes of the second half on the wing and was later found guilty of using a dangerous throw on Roosters centre Ryan Cross. Slater was suspended for 2 matches. After Slater's second suspension, Melbourne Storm coach Craig Bellamy decided to give Slater some warm up matches for his comeback into first grade with both North Sydney Bears (Melbourne's feeder club in the NSWRL Premier League) and Norths Devils (Melbourne's feeder club in the Queensland Cup). Slater made his NRL comeback in Round 18 playing his preferred fullback position when the Storm defeated the Brisbane Broncos 10–4 at Olympic Park. In Round 22 against the Wests Tigers in the Storms 46–4 win at Olympic Park, Slater was given a two match suspension for a late forearm, which was his third suspension for the season. Slater came back to the main line-up in Round 25 against the Canberra Raiders in the Storms 22–18 win at Canberra Stadium. A few weeks later, after having claimed the minor premiership the Storm again met the Brisbane Broncos, this time in the 2006 NRL Grand Final. It was Slater's first and he played at fullback in what was Melbourne's first grand final loss after succumbing 15–8 to a Broncos team in Melbourne player Scott Hill farewell NRL match before moving to the ESL. Slater played in 15 matches and scored 5 tries for the Storm in the 2006 NRL season.
2007
Slater had a quiet start to the 2007 season. In Round 8, he suffered a badly broken cheekbone against the Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles when he tried to charge down former teammate Matt Orford's kick, and collided with teammate Sam Tagataese in Melbourne's 13–12 loss at Brookvale Oval. On his return from injury in Round 17, Slater scored 8 tries from 9 appearances and became a vital cog in the back line of the Storm, setting up over 20 tries during the season. In Round 21 against the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks at Remondis Stadium, Slater played his 100th NRL career match in the Storms 17–16 win. Slater was part of the Melbourne Storm 2007 NRL Grand Final winning team at , defeating the Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles 34–8, which was later stripped from them for cheating the salary cap. Slater played in 23 matches and scored 12 tries for the Storm in the 2007 NRL season. Slater won the Storms Back of the Year Award. In the post season Slater was named at in the Melbourne Storm Team of the Decade.
2008
Slater's start to the 2008 season can be described as nothing short of sensational. He scored 3 tries in Melbourne's 32–18 Round 1 win at Etihad Stadium, one at SFS in Round 3, a 10–6 loss to the Sydney Roosters and two at Olympic Park in Melbourne's 26–4 win over the Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles. After his start to the season, Slater garnered praise from league experts such as Laurie Daley and Andrew Johns as being the best player in the game. Slater's form was rewarded when he was selected at fullback for the Australian national team in the Centenary Test against New Zealand, displacing the incumbent Brett Stewart. Slater had a modest game in attack for Australia but proved his worth by making numerous try-saving tackles in Australia's 28–12 victory at SCG. Two weeks later, Slater was selected to once again represent Queensland in the 2008 State of Origin series, this time displacing incumbent, Karmichael Hunt from fullback to five-eighth, Slater had a mixed performance for Queensland throwing a few loose passes despite running over 220 metres and making a line break that nearly resulted in a try to Greg Inglis. Queensland eventually lost, 18–10. Slater returned for Game 2 but was dropped to the interchange bench before replacing Karmichael Hunt 30 minutes into the match at ANZ Stadium. In Game 2 Slater played off the interchange bench in QLD's 30–0 win in Brisbane. In Game 3, Slater once again started from the interchange bench with Karmichael Hunt starting at fullback. A broken arm to Scott Prince at the 17-minute mark forced Slater to fullback with Karmichael Hunt switching to five eighth. Slater broke the line with his first touch and kick return of the game. He was excellent under the high ball, thwarting many attacking kicks. With just 10 minutes to go, Johnathan Thurston broke the New South Wales line, drawing in the fullback before passing the ball to Slater who ran the remaining 30 metres to score the match-winning try and a 16–10 victory. It was Slater's first series win for Queensland. In Round 19, Slater was involved in an all-in brawl in a match against the St George Illawarra Dragons in the Storms 26–0 win at Olympic Park. He was sin-binned for throwing several punches at winger, Jason Nightingale. He had a two-match suspension downgraded to one match after claiming Nightingale had provoked him with several head-butts throughout the match.
In August 2008, Slater was named in the preliminary 46-man Kangaroos squad for the 2008 World Cup. In September 2008; Slater narrowly missed out on the Dally M Medal, Player of the Year, finishing 2 points behind the Sea Eagles Matt Orford. The one-week suspension in Round 19 deducted 3 points from Slater's tally, which would have won him the medal. Days after playing in the 2008 NRL Grand Final 40–0 defeat the Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles, Slater was named the Melbourne club's Player of the Year. Slater played in 24 matches and scored 14 tries for the Storm in the 2008 NRL season. Slater capped off a brilliant year by winning the Rugby League World Golden Boot Award as the best player in the world. In 2008 he also received the Rugby League International Federation's International Player of the Year award. In October 2008 Slater was selected in the final 24-man Australian squad but hesitated playing since he and his wife were expecting their first child. Slater went on to play fullback for Australia in the 2008 World Cup, scoring hat-tricks in matches against England (52–4 win at Etihad) & Fiji (52–0 win at SFS). Billy Slater won the Man of the match twice in tournament for his performance in both games. About midway through the second half of the World Cup final Slater, who had set up Australia's first two tries, made a grave misjudgement, Slater threw a wild pass back in field after attempting to go the short side from a kick return and it was snapped up by Benji Marshall for a gift four-pointer. Although Melbourne teammate Greg Inglis bought them back within 2 points with a try, a penalty try, courtesy of a Joel Monaghan infringement, ruled out any possible comeback. Despite his costly error and Australia losing the game 34–20 to New Zealand, Slater was named Player of the Tournament following the World Cup final in Brisbane. Slater was also the competition's top tryscorer with 7 tries.
2009
Slater was selected for Australia in the 2009 Anzac Test match at against New Zealand at Suncorp Stadium in the Kangaroos' 38–10 redemption win over the Kiwis. In April 2009, he was named in the preliminary 25-man squad to represent Queensland in the opening State of Origin match for 2009, and was subsequently picked at fullback for the opening State of Origin match. Slater was the first try scorer in the 2009 State of Origin Series scoring in Queensland's 28–18 win in Sydney. Slater played in the other 2 matches in the Queensland's 2009 winning State of Origin team. In Round 22 against the North Queensland Cowboys at Olympic Park, Slater played 150th NRL career match in the Storms 20–8 win. Melbourne finished the season 4th on the NRL table and avenged their 2008 Grand Final loss to Manly by defeating them 40–12 in the first week of the finals at Etihad Stadium. Slater's four try haul earned him man of the match honours. Slater notched up his 100th NRL career try in Melbourne's 40–10 victory over the Brisbane Broncos in the preliminary final at Etihad Stadium, becoming only the second Melbourne player to do so after Matt Geyer.
In the next week, the Grand Final was won by the Melbourne Storm over the Parramatta Eels 23–16. Again this was also stripped from Melbourne for systematic salary cap cheating. Slater scored a try and was judged best on ground, earning the Clive Churchill Medal. Slater was named the Storms highest tryscorer in the 2009 NRL season with 18 tries in 26 matches. The following week Slater was named Melbourne's Player of the Year making it the second consecutive year he won the award. During the off-season he was given the first 'Player of the Finals' award, presented by the Rugby League Writers' Association.
Slater topped off the season with selection for Australia in the 2009 Four Nations tournament in Europe. Slater played in the first two matches against New Zealand and then England. Slater scored three tries in Australia's 46–16 win over England in the final and also acrobatically tapped the ball back infield setting up a try for teammate, Cameron Smith.
2010
For the 2010 Anzac Test, Slater was selected to play for Australia at in their 12–8 victory against New Zealand at AAMI Park. Despite Melbourne being stripped of their 2007 and 2009 premierships due to the discovery of a salary cap breach, Slater was allowed to keep his Clive Churchill Medal. Slater was also involved in Queensland's 3–0 whitewash in the 2010 State of Origin series and received the Wally Lewis Medal for player of the series. In the third match, he saved a certain try, before scoring the match-turning and winning try with five minutes remaining in Queensland's 23–18 win in Sydney. Slater played in 22 matches and scored 10 tries in the Storms drama filled 2010 NRL season. In the post season, Slater was included in the Australian 2010 Four Nations squad. Slater scored 3 tries in 3 matches, including scoring a try in the Kangaroos 16–12 Four Nations Final match loss to New Zealand at Suncorp Stadium.
2011
In Round 2 against the Gold Coast Titans at AAMI Park the Storms 40–12 win, Slater scored two where he broke the record for the number of tries scored for Melbourne Storm with 114 tries, previously held by Matt Geyer with 113 tries. For the 2011 Anzac Test, Slater was selected to play for Australia at , scoring two tries in the Kangaroos 20–10 victory against New Zealand at Cbus Super Stadium. Slater played in all three 2011 State of Origin matches, as for the Queensland Maroons. Slater scored in the last 10 minutes of Game 1 in the Queensland's 16–12 win in Brisbane, and scored in the last 15 minutes of Game 3 in QLD's 34–24 series winning match in Brisbane. In Round 24 against the St George Illawarra Dragons at AAMI Park, Slater played his 200th NRL career match in the Storms 8–6 win. The Melbourne Storm won the minor premiership, but were defeated by the New Zealand Warriors 20–12 in the Preliminary Final at AAMI Park, ending Slater's season. Slater was awarded the 2011 Dally M Medal for best and fairest player of the year in the NRL. Following the awarding of the Dally M Medal, there was commentary about Slater's progress. Sports reporters Ray Warren said that he "didn't think Slater was as good a player as he had been in the past", while Andrew Johns labelled Slater as "the best fullback he has seen". After playing in 24 matches, Slater was the Storms joint highest tryscorer with 12 tries alongside Cooper Cronk and Matt Duffie in the 2011 NRL season. On 3 October, Slater was selected for the Australian Kangaroos, to play as in the 2011 Rugby League Four Nations tournament. While on tour, Slater was named the Rugby League International Federation's International Player of the Year for the second time. Slater suffered a collarbone injury and was ruled out of the tournament after Australia's 36–20 win over England at Wembley Stadium. Slater played in 3 matches of the series.
2012
Slater started the year scoring 9 tries in 5 games, including 2 tries per game in the opening 4 rounds of the season.
For the Anzac Test, Slater was selected to play at fullback in the Kangaroos 20–12 victory against New Zealand at Eden Park. Slater was Queensland's fullback for Games 1 and 2 of the 2012 State of Origin series which saw the Maroons record winning streak extend to seven series. Slater finished the 2012 NRL season with him scoring 16 tries in 21 matches for the Storm, which made him the highest fullback try scorer in the NRL with 140 tries, going past previous holder Rhys Wesser with 129. Slater scored a try in Melbourne's 14–4 premiership victory over Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs, where Slater was bitten in the ear by James Graham during a scuffle. Slater was selected at for the Kangaroos October Test against New Zealand at 1300SMILES Stadium. The Kangaroos won the match 18–10.
An established ambassador for Adidas, in 2012 Slater appeared as part of a promotional campaign for their F50 adizero III boots alongside Dale Thomas of Aussie Rules and European football (soccer) player David Villa.
2013
Slater scored the first try in Melbourne's 2013 World Club Challenge 18–14 win over Leeds Rhinos. In the 2013 Anzac Test, Slater played at for Australia in the Kangaroos' 32–12 victory against New Zealand at Canberra Stadium. Slater played all three games of the 2013 State of Origin series in which Queensland extended their record for consecutive series victories to eight. In Round 21 against the Canberra Raiders at Canberra Stadium, Slater also became the 8th player in history of the League to score 150 tries, Slater scoring 2 tries in the Storms 68–4 win. Slater was the Storm's highest tryscorer in the 2013 NRL season with 18 tries in 24 matches. In the post season, Slater was chosen in Australian 24-man squad for the 2013 World Cup which Australia won the Final against New Zealand 34–2 at Old Trafford, where Slater scored 2 tries. Slater played in 4 matches and scored 4 tries in the tournament.
2014
In Round 2 against the Penrith Panthers, Slater reached a milestone of having played 250 games for Melbourne Storm in the 18–17 win at AAMI Park. In the 2014 Anzac Test, Slater played at for Australia in the Kangaroos' 30–18 victory against New Zealand at SFS. Slater played all three games of the 2014 State of Origin series in which Queensland lost the series 2–1, the first series the NSW Blues won since the 2005 series. In Round 22 against the Newcastle Knights in the Storms 32–30 loss at Hunter Stadium, Slater eclipsed Andrew Ettingshausen tryscoring record with 166 tries, Slater now currently being third in the highest tryscorer ranks. Slater finished the Storm's 2014 NRL season with him playing in 22 matches and scoring 12 tries. On 9 September 2014, Slater was selected for the Australia Kangaroos 2014 Four Nations train on squad but withdrew due to injury.
2015
Slater started the 2015 season, playing featuring in the first 5 rounds of the season. He picked up a shoulder injury in the Storm's 30–14 home game win over the Warriors, which resulted him missing the next 4 weeks of action; including the Kangaroos' Annual Trans-Tasman ANZAC Test match clash to the Kiwis, with Greg Inglis filling his Fullback position. He returned to action in round 8, producing a strong 80-minutes man-of-the-match performance against the Parramatta Eels, scoring 2 tries and producing a try-saving tackle on Semi Radradra.
Carrying a shoulder injury (not 100% fully recovered) from the Storm's Round 5 game (in April) that resulted him being ruled out the Trans-Tasman ANZAC Test, Slater featured for Queensland in Game 1 and Game 2 of the 2015 State of Origin series. After the Storms' Round 10 match against the South Sydney Rabbitohs in the 16–12 win at AAMI Park and following game 2 of the 2015 State of Origin series at the Melbourne Cricket Ground, Slater was ruled out of Origin Game 3 (the decider) and for the rest of the 2015 NRL season due to him having surgery on his troublesome injured shoulder (he originally injured in April, in Round 5). Slater's incumbent fullback position was filled by Greg Inglis for Queensland for game 3 of the Origin Decider, while Cameron Munster who had a stellar year for the Storm filled his Fullback position for the Storm. Slater finished the season with him only playing in 7 matches and scoring 2 tries for the Storm.
2016
After starting round 1 of the 2016 NRL season playing 80-minutes and producing an outstanding performance; Slater was a late withdrawn from the Storm's round 2 clash against the Titans and after having an arthroscope, he was then later again ruled out for 6–8 months as well as for the season; after pulling up sore following the Storm's victory over the Dragons. With speculations surrounding his playing future following that shoulder reconstruction, his Melbourne Storm Fullback role was filled again by Cameron Munster.
During his time on the sideline, his Fullback positions was filled by Darius Boyd for both Australia (during the International Trans-Tasman ANZAC Test match, which was played at Newcastle's Hunter Stadium) and Queensland (for the State of Origin Series). Despite still being out of action, he missed being part of Queensland's State of Origin victorious campaign although he worked closely with new Maroons coach Kevin Walters as a consultant during the 2016 State of Origin series period, assisting him in coaching and working with the backs, as well as working closely with the team.
Slater also missed being part of Storm's Grand Final home-away-from-home clash to the Cronulla Sharks
and Australia's successful Four Nations campaign, as well as missing the first ever Perth International Rugby League Trans-Tasman Test match.
At the end of the 2016 season, Slater was awarded (and received) the Peter Jackson Medal for his outstanding contribution in assisting Kevin Walters with the coaching during the 2016 State of Origin series for Queensland.
2017
Slater was set to return to action in the Storm's trial match clash against the Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs at North Hobart Oval in Hobart, Tasmania. However, coach Craig Bellamy opted to rest him for the opening 2 rounds of the 2017 season and Slater had to wait until round 3 to returning to action. In Round 3, Slater made his successful return against the Brisbane Broncos at AAMI Park, starting from the bench and playing for 52 minutes in the Storm's 14–12 win. The following week, he started at Fullback in the Storm's 22–14 win over the West Tigers playing 80 minutes at Leichhardt Oval, which was his first full-game and away game.
In Round 9, Slater finally broke his long try-scoring drought by scoring 2 tries in a strong man-of-the-match performance in the Storm's 34–22 win over the Dragons. This was the first time he scored a double of tries, since round 9 of the 2015 season. Despite playing consistently well since coming back from injury; Slater was left out of the Australian Kangaroos Test Squad for the International Trans-Tasman ANZAC Test match to New Zealand, with coach Mal Meninga opted to stay loyal and stick with Darius Boyd at Fullback, as well as the players who were part of last year's successful Four Nations Campaign.
Playing his first game in his home state of Queensland in over 1000 days and since round 4 of the 2015 season (which was against the Cowboys at 1300SMILES Stadium in Townsville) in the NRL Indigenous Round and the Round 10 double-header at Suncorp Stadium; Slater continued his consistent form by producing an outstanding performance scoring a try, setting-up 2 tries, making 8 tackles, 16 runs (174 metres), 2 line-breaks and a line-break assist; despite the Storm narrowly losing 36–38 to the Titans. This was also his first game playing at Suncorp Stadium, since round 20 of the 2014 Season which was against the Brisbane Broncos; despite missing Game 3 (the decider) of the 2015 State of Origin series and last year's Game 2 of the 2016 State of Origin series.
With Greg Inglis already sidelined and ruled out of the season with a season-ending knee injury, Slater was expected to return to the Queensland Squad for the 2017 State of Origin series. Despite this, coach Kevin Walters opted to stick with Darius Boyd at Fullback, keep Justin O'Neill at right centre, Corey Oates at left wing, Dane Gagai at right wing and bring in Will Chambers to play left centre; which resulted him being controversially left out of the Game 1 Squad. Following Queensland's Origin Game 1 loss to New South Wales, Slater continued-on with his outstanding consistent performances helping the Storm to victories over the Knights and Sharks. He was then recalled to the Queensland squad along with Johnathan Thurston for game 2, which resulted incumbent Australian Test Fullback Darius Boyd shifting to Centre and Justin O'Neill dropped from the team.
In Game 2 of the Origin Series, Slater produced an outstanding performance setting-up 2 tries (the first try of the game to debutant left winger Valentine Holmes, when he combined with Johnathan Thurston and Darius Boyd; and the game-winning try to right winger Dane Gagai, when he combined with Michael Morgan leading-up to Johnathan Thurston kicking that winning conversion goal) helping QLD to level the series margin to 1-all in the 18–16 win over NSW at ANZ Stadium. Slater remained in the team for game 3 and he produced another outstanding performance in the decider, combining with Storm teammates Cameron Smith, Cooper Cronk and Cameron Munster in QLD's NRL one-club spine combination; to guide QLD to a series win in the 22–6 victory over NSW at Suncorp Stadium.
Playing his first NRL final series appearance since 2014 (despite missing the 2015 and 2016 play-offs due to shoulder injuries) and during the first week of the NRL play-offs final series; Slater played a key part in his side's 18–16 win over the Parramatta Eels at AAMI Park, scoring a try (his 180th NRL career try) in the 2nd half of the game which resulted him drawing level to former Manly Sea Eagles player Steve Menzies as the game's all-time second-equal highest top try-scorer.
With the Storm fresh off their break (after Week 2 of the NRL Final Series) and after their 18–16 victory over the Parramatta Eels (in the first week of the Final Series), Slater featured in the club's Grand Final qualifier match against the Brisbane Broncos scoring 2 tries (both in the second half – the 59th minute and in the 71st minute) in the 30–0 win, allowing the Storm progressing through to the Grand Final and resulted him to move past Steve Menzies as the game's stand-alone second highest top try-scorer (behind another former Manly Sea Eagles player Ken Irvine, who had scored 212 tries).
On 27 September leading into the Grand Final; Slater was awarded the Fullback of the Year Award at the NRL Dally M Awards Event.
Playing in the Grand Final at ANZ Stadium on 1 October; Slater produced an outstanding performance guiding the Melbourne Storm to win the 2017 NRL Premiership (their first Premiership since 2012), beating the North Queensland Cowboys 34–6. Following the game, he received the Clive Churchill Medal as the best player on the field. Two days following the Grand Final victory, Slater was named in the Australian Test Squad for the 2017 Rugby League World Cup Tournament. He also signed a one-year extension, committing to the Melbourne Storm for the 2018 season.
Playing at Fullback in his first international test match for Australia since 2014, Slater scored a try and produced an outstanding man-of-the-match performance in the 18–4 win over England at Melbourne's AAMI Park. The following week, he equaled the record of Bob Fulton and Jarryd Hayne in becoming the Tournament's Top Try-Scorer in Rugby League World Cup history by producing another outstanding performance and scoring his 13th World Cup try (his 24th Test-Career Try) in Australia's 52–6 win over France in Canberra. Coach Mal Meninga opted to rest Slater for the Lebanon clash in Sydney, leading into the play-offs. Slater then returned to the starting line-up at Fullback for the quarter-final game, scoring a try in Australia's 46–0 win against Samoa in Darwin. He then played in Australia's semi-final game against Fiji, scoring 2 tries (which resulted him breaking the all-time World Cup Try-Scoring Record; scoring his 16th World Cup try, as well as his 27th Test try) in the 52–6 win at Suncorp Stadium, guiding the Australians to the World Cup Grand Final. Playing Fullback in the World Cup Grand Final at Suncorp Stadium, Slater featured in Australia's 6–0 win over England, playing an important role and producing another fine performance in the green-and-gold jersey.
2018
Slater started the season, sitting out of the Round 1 game (to the Bulldogs in Perth) due to injury. He returned to the field in Round 2, playing his 300th NRL Career game in the 8–10 loss the West Tigers at AAMI Park.
Slater earned criticism during a home Round 6 game against the Newcastle Knights where he was accused of diving which led second-rower Lachlan Fitzgibbon to be sin-binned. While Slater had the right to go for a quick-tap because he was outside the 10-metre, many disapproved when Fitzgibbon stuck out his hand out on shoulder lightly to make Slater hit the deck. Both fans and social media users were questioning the physics of Slater falling, thus drawing accusations of diving.
Slater also captained the Melbourne Storm for the first time in his NRL Career and during Cameron Smith's suspension absence, against the Manly Sea Eagles in the 4–24 loss during Round 11.
Slater announced his intentions to retire from representative football after the 2018 State of Origin series and was yet to make a decision on playing only at the club level in 2019.
Slater was set to play in the opening game of the Origin series at the MCG; however, he withdrew from the Game 1 squad due to a hamstring injury, in what would have been his last Origin match in Melbourne. He returned from injury in game 2 to play his 30th Origin game, producing an outstanding performance despite Queensland losing game 2 and the series in New South Wales' home game victory at ANZ Stadium.
Following an injury to Queensland teammate and captain Greg Inglis, Slater was named captain for game 3 in his final Origin game. Producing yet another outstanding performance, Slater led Queensland to an 18–12 victory at Suncorp Stadium, thus avoiding a potential 3–0 series whitewash by New South Wales. For his efforts, Slater received the Wally Lewis Medal for Player of the Series, despite having only participated in two of the three Origin games and Queensland's overall series loss.
On 8 August, Slater announced that he would be retiring from the NRL at the end of the 2018 season. He played his final game, a grand final loss to the Sydney Roosters, on 30 September 2018.
Post-playing career
On 10 October 2018, Slater joined Australian Football League (AFL) club in a leadership role. He also joined the Nine Network’s NRL commentary team in 2019 On 14 March 2019 Melbourne Storm Announced the renaming of the Northern Stand of AAMI Park to Slater Stand. On 30 August 2019, Slater was chosen at Fullback in the Queensland Maroons team of the decade. Billy was recently selected as the Queensland Maroons Head Coach on 24 September 2021 on a two year deal
Honours
Individual
1x Dally M Medal Player of the Year: 2011 :
1x Rugby League World Golden Boot Award: 2008
3x Dally M Fullback of the Year: 2008, 2011, 2017
2x Wally Lewis Medal (State of Origin): 2010, 2018
2x Clive Churchill Medal: 2009, 2017
1x Melbourne Storm Player of the Year Award: 2009
1x Rugby League World Cup Player of the Tournament: 2008
1x Dally M Top Try Scorer: 2005 (19, tied with Shaun Berrigan)
1x Rugby League World Cup Top Try Scorer: 2008 (7)
Melbourne Storm Team of the Decade (Fullback): 2007
Team
2x NRL Grand Final Winners: 2012, 2017
2x NRL Grand Final Winners – Stripped: 2007, 2009
4x Minor Premiership (J. J. Giltinan Shield): 2011, 2016, 2017, 2019
3x Minor Premiership (J. J. Giltinan Shield) – Stripped: 2006, 2007, 2008
4x NRL Grand Final Runner-Up: 2006, 2008, 2016, 2018
3x World Club Challenge Winners: 2010, 2013, 2018
8x State of Origin Winners (Queensland): 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2015, 2017
2x Rugby League World Cup Winners: 2013, 2017
1x Rugby League World Cup Runner-up: 2008
2x Rugby League Four Nations Winners: 2009, 2011
1x Rugby League Four Nations Runner-up: 2010
1x World Club Challenge Runner-up: 2008
Statistics
NRL
State of Origin
Australia
Personal life
Slater lives in Melbourne with his wife, Nicole Slater (née Rose). They were married in Cairns in November 2009 and have two children, a daughter, Tyla Rose and a son, Jake.
Billy Slater participated in the television show Australia's Greatest Athlete and was the winner for both Season 1 (broadcast on Channel 9) and Season 2 (on Channel 7) against a diverse range of athletes such as Olympic gold medalist Steve Hooker, ironman Ky Hurst and V8 Supercar champions Jamie Whincup and Craig Lowndes.
A regular contributor to Canterbury Junior Football Club in Melbourne, Slater also frequently gives up his time to help other Junior Sport Programs around Australia.
See also
List of players with 100 NRL tries
References
External links
Melbourne Storm profile
Storm profile
2017 RLWC profile
1983 births
Living people
Australia national rugby league team players
Australian rugby league commentators
Australian rugby league players
Clive Churchill Medal winners
Melbourne Storm players
North Sydney Bears NSW Cup players
Norths Devils players
Queensland Rugby League State of Origin captains
Queensland Rugby League State of Origin coaches
Queensland Rugby League State of Origin players
Rugby league fullbacks
Rugby league players from Nambour, Queensland
Rugby league wingers |
22149878 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irigilla | Irigilla | Irigilla is a monotypic moth genus of the family Crambidae erected by Charles Swinhoe in 1900. Its only species, Irigilla nypsiusalis, was first described by Francis Walker in 1859. It is found on Borneo.
References
Odontiinae
Crambidae genera
Taxa named by Charles Swinhoe
Monotypic moth genera |
411339 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS%20Lewis%20and%20Clark | USS Lewis and Clark | USS Lewis and Clark may refer to:
, a Benjamin Franklin-class ballistic missile submarine of the U.S. Navy
, a dry cargo ship of the U.S. Military Sealift Command
See also
United States Navy ship names |
6209309 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lost%20in%20You | Lost in You | Lost in You may refer to:
"Lost in You" (Three Days Grace song)
"Lost in You" (Chris Gaines song)
"Lost in You" (Shelly Poole song)
"Lost in You" (Rod Stewart song)
"Lost In You" (Lena Meyer-Landrut song)
"Lost in You", a song by Westlife from Turnaround |
58532621 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butcherbird%20%28album%29 | Butcherbird (album) | Butcherbird is the twentieth studio album by Australian country music artist John Williamson. It was released on 24 August 2018 and peaked at number 13 on the ARIA Albums Chart.
Topics on the album include life and love, as well as nature—written by Williamson about his bush property in Springbrook, Queensland. Williamson said: "Butcherbird is probably my most relaxed album ever... It's a very honest and reflective album and it was quite a breeze to write. Perhaps because at this stage of my career I had a "what the hell, just do it" attitude. It felt right."
Williamson said the butcherbird is his "favourite feathered singer". He said: "They have been here longer than humans, yet their melodies are remarkably fresh. They are my mates in the garden and have inspired the first track 'The Valley of His Dreams'."
Williamson supported the album with a national in October and November 2018.
Reception
Dylan Marshall from The AU Review said that while Butcherbird "might not have all that many 'instant' classics, it's still a jolly good jaunt", adding: "His connection with the land and its people, as well as those who built the nation's formative identity, are what makes Williamson a national treasure. Butcherbird isn't ground breaking, but I don't think it needs to be. It's an honest album, and frankly, I'm fine with that."
Track listing
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Release history
References
2018 albums
John Williamson (singer) albums
Warner Music Group albums |
4566484 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old%20Treasury%20Building%2C%20Melbourne | Old Treasury Building, Melbourne | The Old Treasury Building on Spring Street in Melbourne, built 1858-62 as a home for the Treasury Department of the Government of Victoria as well as the Governor In Council, now houses a range of functions, including a museum of Melbourne history, known as Old Treasury Building Museum.
History
The Treasury Building was constructed between 1858–62, and is considered one of Australia's finest Renaissance Revival buildings, constructed in palazzo form and built from wealth accumulated during the Victorian Gold Rush. One original purpose was to house some of that wealth in the 'gold vaults' in the basement, but by the time it was finished the rush was over, and they were used to store government documents instead.
The building was designed by young architect J. J. Clark who was just 19 years of age. The oldest surviving designs for the building date back to 1857, and many of J J Clark's drafts are on display throughout the building. Clark later went on to design many government buildings both in Victoria and elsewhere, notably the Brisbane Treasury in Queensland, considered to be another fine example in a classical style. Architectural historian Miles Lewis once described The Old Treasury as the "finest public building exterior in Australia".
While the building itself was completed in 1862, a shortage of funds meant that the forecourt remained unfinished. Until 1868 the front steps and terrace were temporary, with individual staircases leading to the three main front doors. These were replaced with the grand forecourt still standing today.
It is the cornerstone of the Treasury Reserve government precinct adjacent to the Treasury Gardens and creates an important vista terminating Collins Street, the financial spine of the city.
When the official treasury offices were moved next door to 2 Treasury Place in 1877-78, the building was nicknamed the 'Old Treasury'.
As a leading public building in Melbourne, located in a prominent position with open space around it, the Old Treasury has been the focus for many celebrations and major public events. The arrivals and departures of the Governors of Victoria were occasions for expressions of loyalty to the Crown and sometimes for political statements. In recent years it has been the destination for the Grand Final parade of AFL footballers.
The building is also notable for its role when Melbourne was the temporary capital city of Australia after Federation, with the National Executive Council meeting there. Previously in February 1899, a "secret" Premiers' conference was convened, when it was decided Melbourne's Parliament House would be the temporary capital until the location of the Australian National Capital was officially decided.
Establishment of a museum
During the 1970s, the Victorian government, led by Premier Dick Hamer was developing policy for museums in Victoria. In 1981, Hamer's Arts Minister, the Hon. Norman Lacy, established a Museums Development Committee to develop a comprehensive museums policy for Victoria. He then also proposed to the Executive Committee of Victoria's 150th Anniversary Celebrations in 1984 that a new Museum of Social and Political History be established at the Old Treasury Building.
Finally in 1994 after restoration of the building, the Old Treasury Building Museum was opened with exhibitions detailing the history of Melbourne, the Victorian gold rush, and the history of the building. Operations of the buildings and the museum are vested in an Old Treasury Building Reserve Committee of Management, and is a registered charity. The Museum has changed name a number of times, becoming the Gold Treasury Museum, the City Museum at Old Treasury and then the Old Treasury Building Museum again. Since 2011 it has presented programs in partnership with Public Record Office Victoria (PROV).
In the media
The Old Treasury Building features in the climactic sequence of the film Knowing (2009). Though set in Boston, Massachusetts, the movie was shot in Melbourne (the two cities are officially recognised as being sister cities). A number of other Melbourne landmarks are also featured.
Occupants
The Old Treasury was built house the Treasury Department and store gold, but also provided offices for the leaders of the young colony, including the Governor, the Premier (at the time called Chief Secretary), the Treasurer and the Auditor General. Since its construction in 1862, it has also held the office of His Excellency the Governor of Victoria, who still holds weekly meetings of the Executive Council, consisting of the Governor and at least two Ministers of the Crown, that is, the leaders of the governing party. The Governor in Council as this meeting is called, is the formal enacting of legislation when the Governor's signature and the Great Seal of Victoria is put in place on the bill. Various other appointments and other regulations are also formally made at this weekly meeting, upon the advice of the Premier and Parliament of Victoria.
In addition to the museum, the Old Treasury Building is now home to Leadership Victoria, the Office of the Victorian Government Architect, The Victorian Marriage Registry, and offices for most living former Premiers of Victoria.
References
The Treasury Reserve. Frances O'Neil. Department of Infrastructure. 2000.
External links
Old Treasury Building
Public Records Office Victoria
A Submission for a Museum of Social and Political History at the Old Treasury Building to the Executive Committee of Victoria's 150th Anniversary Celebrations in July 1981
Museums in Melbourne
History museums in Australia
Melbourne City Centre
Buildings and structures in Melbourne
Government buildings completed in 1862
1862 establishments in Australia
Heritage-listed buildings in Melbourne
Italian Renaissance Revival architecture
Landmarks in Melbourne |
36255509 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenny%20Dennis | Kenny Dennis | Kenny Dennis (born May 27, 1930) is a Philadelphia-born American jazz drummer. He has played on albums for Nancy Wilson, Sonny Stitt, Sonny Rollins, Johnny Griffin, Oscar Brown Jr., Charles Mingus, Billy Taylor, and Mal Waldron.
Biography
Dennis began his musical career in the United States Army Band, playing drums in three bands from 1948-1952. After being discharged, he connected with junior high school mate, pianist Ray Bryant and became part of The Ray Bryant Trio along with Jimmy Rowser on bass. They became the house trio at the North Philadelphia Jazz Club, Blue Note where they played for such jazz artists as Kai Winding, Chris Connor and Sonny Stitt. His career next took him to New York, where he worked with artists including Miles Davis, Phineas Newborn, Jr., Billy Taylor, Erroll Garner, Charles Mingus and Sonny Rollins.
In 1957, Dennis performed in Sonny Rollins's Trio with bassist Wendell Marshall at Carnegie Hall—a historic performance that was commemorated in 2007 with a 50th anniversary concert. Dennis moved to California, when Miles Davis recommended him to Lena Horne. Recording credits include recordings with such artists as Michel Legrand, Miles Davis, Charlie Mingus, Nancy Wilson, Gerald Wilson and poet Langston Hughes.
Since 1997 he has been an assistant director of the Lab Band at the award winning Los Angeles County High School for the Arts. He and his wife Nancy Wilson were married from 1960 to 1970. Their son, Kacy (né Kenneth Dennis, Jr.) was born in 1963.
Discography
As sideman
Roy Ayers, West Coast Vibes (United Artists, 1963)
Burt Bacharach, Blue Note Plays Burt Bacharach (Blue Note, 2004 )
Miles Davis, Facets (CBS, 1967)
Dodo Greene, Ain't What You Do (Time, 1959)
Johnny Griffin, The Congregation (Blue Note, 1957)
Slide Hampton, Slide Hampton and His Horn of Plenty (Strand, 1961)
Slide Hampton, Two Sides of Slide (Fresh Sound, 1994)
Langston Hughes, The Weary Blues with Langston Hughes (MGM, 1958)
Michel Legrand, Legrand Jazz (Columbia, 1958)
Michel Legrand, Michel Legrand Meets Miles Davis (Philips, 1970)
Sonny Rollins, Plays (Period, 1956)
Sonny Stitt, 37 Minutes and 48 Seconds with Sonny Stitt (Roost, 1957)
Sonny Stitt, Personal Appearance (Verve, 1959)
Sonny Stitt, Symphony Hall Swing (Savoy, 1986)
Billy Taylor, One for Fun (Atlantic, 1959)
Mal Waldron, Mal/4: Trio (New Jazz, 1958)
Nancy Wilson, Guess Who I Saw Today (Capitol, 2005)
References
1930 births
Living people
20th-century American drummers
20th-century American male musicians
American jazz drummers
American male drummers
American male jazz musicians
Jazz musicians from Pennsylvania
Musicians from Philadelphia |
23646068 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitan%20Opera%20Radio | Metropolitan Opera Radio | Metropolitan Opera Radio may refer to:
Metropolitan Opera radio broadcasts – weekly Saturday broadcasts live from the Metropolitan Opera
Metropolitan Opera Radio (Sirius XM) – a channel on Sirius XM satellite radio |
52651683 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthew%20Welch | Matthew Welch | Matthew Welch (born 1976) is an American bagpiper and composer.
Welch took a bachelor's in music at Simon Fraser University in Canada and then enrolled at Wesleyan University, where he studied under Anthony Braxton and Alvin Lucier. He has released several CD albums and composed pieces both for bagpipe and for more traditional ensembles, exploring elements of free jazz and experimental music.
Discography
Ceol Nua (Leo, 2002)
Hag at the Churn (Newsonic, 2003)
Dream Tigers (Tzadik, 2005)
Luminosity (Porter, 2009)
Blarvuster (Tzadik, 2010)
References
21st-century American composers
Simon Fraser University alumni
1976 births
Living people
Leo Records artists |
58420964 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narciso%20Ticobay | Narciso Ticobay | Narciso Valentin Ticobay (19 March 1932 – 21 July 2013) was a Filipino Episcopalian bishop. He was the second Prime Bishop of the Episcopal Church in the Philippines from 1993 to 1997. He also served as the second Diocesan Bishop the EDSP from 1986 to 1993. He died in 2013 at the age of 81.
References
External links
ECP Elects New Prime Bishop, The Episcopal Diocese of Northern Central Philippines Official Website
Bishop Protests at Tutu's Inclusion on List of 'Troublemakers'
Memorial website
1932 births
2013 deaths
Filipino Episcopalians
Filipino bishops
Anglican bishops in the Philippines
Prime bishops of the Episcopal Church in the Philippines
Episcopal bishops of Southern Philippines |
25498987 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastos%20Bons | Pastos Bons | Pastos Bons is a municipality in the state of Maranhão in the Northeast region of Brazil. It gives its name to Pastos Bons Formation and Batrachomimus pastosbonensis.
See also
List of municipalities in Maranhão
References
Municipalities in Maranhão |
69326363 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian%20Centre%20for%20Refugee%20and%20Immigrant%20Health%20Care | Canadian Centre for Refugee and Immigrant Health Care | The Canadian Centre for Refugee and Immigrant Health Care is a healthcare clinic in Scarborough, Toronto that provides free healthcare to refugee and immigrants.
The centre, which opened in 1999, is led by Paul Caulford M.D. As of 2021 it had 70 healthcare professionals providing care.
Organization
The clinic is located at the intersection of Sheppard Avenue and Midland Avenue.
It is run by volunteers and led by Paul Caulford M.D.
Activities
The clinic provides medical and dental services to people who had needs, but are not covered by the Ontario Health Insurance Plan, specifically refugees and migrants. The clinic regularly sees seriously ill patients who have been refused care due to their immigration status.
History
The clinic opened in a church basement 1999. In 1999 it had three volunteer doctors, by 2021 that had grown to a team of 70 medical, dental and social workers.
In 2016, the centre saw a significant increase demand for services from woman and children refugees who had initially fled violence in various countries in Africa for USA, but due to new immigration policies enacted by Donald Trump, had fled USA for Canada. Patients, ill-prepared for the journey to Canada arrived with frostbite.
In 2018, the centre struggled to keep up with the demand for its services and made a public call for more nurses and doctors to volunteer.
In 2020, while providing COVID-19 vaccines, the center was running out of personal protective equipment.
Notable staff and volunteers
Paul Caulford, director
Sumathy Rahunathan, clinic coordinator and research lead
See also
Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees
References
External links
Official website
Refugee aid organizations in Canada
Medical and health organizations based in Canada
Immigrant services organizations
Organizations based in Toronto |
43242438 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S.%20D.%20Gunadasa | S. D. Gunadasa | Sri Lanka Sikhamani Sunna Deniya Gunadasa (5 September 1931 – 6 July 2014) (known as S. D. Gunadasa or Dasa Mudalali) was a Sri Lankan business magnate who brought the concept of the supermarket to Sri Lanka in 1977. He later became a garment manufacturer in Sri Lanka, and subsequently the Chairman and founder of DASA Group.
Early childhood
Gunadasa was born in the village of Talalla Gandara in Matara, the youngest of the three sons. In his early years, Gundasa was educated at a local village school in Gandara. Influenced by his mother's organising and delegation skills, he became an entrepreneur.
Career
Gunadasa began his business career as a street hawker in Colombo, selling shirts, vests, and other clothing items. Some days, he would carry his products into the city in a basket on his head. On successful days, he would treat himself to a biriyani dinner as a reward.
As his enterprise grew, he was able to purchase his own premises. Later, he opened Sri Lanka's first supermarket and department store, a new type of store for the country at the time. Gunadasa focused on employee benefits, an area that other employers often overlooked. He provided free lodging and, reportedly, a barber for employees' convenience.
Gundasa later turned to garment manufacturing. He produced clothing under the brand name Duro, which was accepted by international markets in the United States and Europe.
Honours
Gunadasa was honored with the National Award of Sri Lanka Sikhamani by the government of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka in 1985.
Death
Gunadasa died on 6 July 2014 at the age of 83 due to natural causes. His remains are located at the Borella General Cemetery in Colombo, Sri Lanka.
References
1931 births
2014 deaths
Sri Lankan Buddhists
Sinhalese businesspeople
Sri Lankan philanthropists
Sri Lanka Sikhamani
20th-century philanthropists |
36297891 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxie%20IF | Oxie IF | Oxie IF was a Swedish football club located in Oxie, Malmö.
Background
Oxie IF currently plays in Division 4 Skåne Sydvästra which is the sixth tier of Swedish football. They play their home matches at the Oxie IP in Oxie.
The club was affiliated to Skånes Fotbollförbund and has made 8 appearances to date in the Svenska Cupen. On December 10, 2012 the club merged with BK Vången to form the new club SK Oxie.
Season to season
Footnotes
Sport in Skåne County
Football clubs in Sweden
2012 disestablishments in Sweden
Association football clubs established in 1946 |
10597822 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvey%20Bennett%20Sr. | Harvey Bennett Sr. | Harvey Alexander Bennett Sr. (July 23, 1925 – November 21, 2004) was a Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender who played for the Boston Bruins of the National Hockey League.
Perhaps Bennett's most famous feat was surrendering Maurice Richard's goal that established scoring 50 goals in 50 games. This goal was scored for the Bruins' nemesis Montreal Canadiens on March 18, 1945.
Family
He was born in Ettington, Saskatchewan and married Diana Helen Sullivan (youngest of nine sisters). Of his six sons, Harvey Bennett Jr., Curt Bennett, and Bill Bennett all played in the NHL. John Bennett played in the WHA, and Jimmy Bennett was a 1977 draft pick of the Atlanta Flames who played professionally in the International Hockey League with the Muskegon Mohawks and also in the old Central Hockey League with the Birmingham Bulls. His youngest son, Peter Bennett, drowned after falling through ice.
References
External links
Obituary at LostHockey.com
Boston Bruins players
Boston Olympics players
Ice hockey people from Saskatchewan
Providence Reds players
Canadian ice hockey goaltenders
1925 births
2004 deaths |
65092070 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie-Andr%C3%A9e%20Gill | Marie-Andrée Gill | Marie-Andrée Gill (born 1986) is an Ilnu and Québécoise poet born in the community of Mashteuiatsh, in the Saguenay region, in Quebec, Canada.
Education
Gill is a master's student at the University of Quebec in Chicoutimi. In her work, she explores literary creation and its relationship to oral language and its territoriality.
Publications
Marie-Andrée Gill is the author of multiple poetry collections published by Éditions de La Peuplade. Her poetry combines her Illnue and Québécoise sensibilities and balances ideas of "kitsch and existential."
About Frayer, jury reviewer and poet Louise Dupré wrote: "Marie-Andrée Gill makes a voice of great singularity heard, which questions her genealogy and faces obstacles by seeking Attentive to the contradictions of desire, this book bears witness to an intense presence, in tension between the personal and the collective, realism and dreams, prosaism and poetic invention, fragility and revolt, gentleness and insolence, the past and the future, hope and non-hope. Frayer asks very fair questions about the world we have inherited."
In a review of Spawn, Steven W. Beattie focused on Gill's interest in describing her subjects with the scantest of words. Her directness is understood when she writes about the claustrophobia of life on a reservation—“get me out of these fifteen square kilometres" and the conditions that the colonial system imposed upon her—“I am a village that didn’t have a choice.” The poems follow the life cycle of an ouananiche—a type of salmon—where Gill juxtaposes nature poetry with pop-culture references.
Her work appears in anthologies and magazines such as Estuaire, Le Sabord, Poème Sale, Sirale, Guernica Magazine, and Tupelo Quarterly in both English and French.
Published collections
Béante (2012).
Frayer (2015), English translation Spawn (2020) (translated by Kristen Renee Miller)
Chauffer le dehors (2019).
Selected honors
2012, finalist, Prix du Gouverneur-Général for Béante.
2013, Poetry Literary Prize, Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean Book Fair for Béante.
2015, finalist, Prix Émile-Nelligan for Frayer.
2013, Poetry Literary Prize, Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean Book Fair for Frayer.
2018, Indigenous Voices Award
2020, Best Published Poetry in French, Indigenous Voices Awards for Chauffer le dehors.
References
Indigenous Canadian women
Indigenous artists in Canada
Inuit artists
Inuit poets
Canadian women poets
Living people
1986 births |
58645929 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human%20reproductive%20ecology | Human reproductive ecology | Human reproductive ecology is a subfield in evolutionary biology that is concerned with human reproductive processes and responses to ecological variables. It is based in the natural and social sciences, and is based on theory and models deriving from human and animal biology, evolutionary theory, and ecology. It is associated with fields such as evolutionary anthropology and seeks to explain human reproductive variation and adaptations. The theoretical orientation of reproductive ecology applies the theory of natural selection to reproductive behaviors, and has also been referred to as the evolutionary ecology of human reproduction.
Theoretical foundations
Multiple theoretical foundations from evolutionary biology and evolutionary anthropology are important to human reproductive ecology. Notably, reproductive ecology relies heavily on Life History Theory, energetics, fitness theories, kin selection, and theories based on the study of animal evolution.
Life history theory
Life history theory is a prominent analytical framework used in evolutionary anthropology, biology, and reproductive ecology that seeks to explain growth and development of an organism through various life history stages of the entire lifespan. The life history stages include early growth and development, puberty, sexual development, reproductive career, and post-reproductive stage. Life history theory is based in evolutionary theory and suggests that natural selection operates on the allocation of different types of resources (material and metabolic) to meet the competing demands of growth, maintenance, and reproduction at the various life stages. Life history theory is applied to reproductive ecology in the theoretical understandings of puberty, sexual growth and maturation, fertility, parenting, and senescence because at every life stage organisms are bound to encounter and cope with unconscious and conscious decisions that hold trade-offs. Reproductive ecologists have specifically impacted life history by improving on the energetic models because they are complicated in humans, and involve many causal factors. They draw on classical life history theory, behavioral ecology, and reproductive ecology to make predictions about reproductive behavior and growth
Energetics
Analytical frameworks that explore problems relevant to reproductive ecology, such as age at menarche, or lactational amenorrhea, often employ understandings of energetics to their hypotheses and models. Energetics in this context refers to energy allocation, under the assumption that natural selection favors optimal allocation and use of energy, but also that trade-offs often pose energetic constraints. Allocations of energy are evolved so they in turn, can be foreseeable but they are also variable depending on ecological constraints.
Essential nutrient cost variability
The assumption that energy measured in calories can be used as a universal measure of nutritional cost is criticized by a number of scientists on the basis of essential nutrients, nutrients that the body cannot produce regardless of calorie availability and the specific nutrients must be present in the diet. It is argued that since there are different dietary conditions in which different essential nutrients are the most scarce in different regions and the few foods that contain the scarcest nutrients that are needed to avoid deficit diseases are therefore the most expensive (the cost may be paid in the form of other goods and services in societies without money), and different functions in the body primarily consume different essential nutrients, no universal ranking of the costs of different aspects of reproduction can be made. For example, it is possible for the few micronutrients that men consume more of the more sperm they produce but the consumption of which does not increase in women during pregnancy or lactation to be the scarcest nutrients contained in the most expensive food in some societies, making sperm production effectively more expensive than pregnancy and lactation under local food prices in such societies. It is also argued that the variability of what food is the most valuable due to containing the rarest essential nutrients extend their effects to the economical significance ratio between hunting and gathering in the case of hunter-gatherer societies, and therefore that any attempt to circumvent the evolutionary psychology paradox of men not being able to be in two places at the same time to hunt and protect his family by reference to hiring guards by bartering meat would fail to make sex roles universal due to the difference between regions where the rarest essential nutrients were contained in one or more types of meat and regions where the rarest such nutrients were contained in some types of plants. It is cited in this context that humans evolved over relatively large parts of Africa with different food ecologies, making it impossible for humans to have specialized evolutionarily for one specific food cost ratio. This variability of food value ratios within Africa may have prepared humans evolutionarily to be able to leave Africa.
Biodemography and human reproduction
The researchers involved in human reproductive ecology use the combined approach of demography and evolutionary biology to explain the reproductive phenomenon. Biodemography is the study of demography related to biology and evolutionary biology. Biodemographers do research on demographic outcomes such as conception, spontaneous abortion, births, marriage, divorce, menarche, menopause, aging, and mortality. Biodemographers use mathematical models, statistical estimates and biomarkers to analyze the demographic data. The field of biodemography often explores the scientific questions associated with fertility and mortality across cultures, the determinants of reproductive senescence, mortality and sex differences, low fertility in humans, and longer post-reproductive lifespan in women.
Key topics in reproductive ecology
Gestation
In human reproductive ecology, the study of pregnancy is primarily focused variation in pregnancy and on rates of pregnancy loss.
Variation in pregnancy
Pregnancy varies person-to-person and across cultural and socioeconomic lines. Human gestation is between 30 and 40 weeks long. The dynamic between the mother and the fetus is one of conflict: it is in the best interest of the fetus to gestate as long as possible to continue receiving the nutritional and developmental benefits of being physically attached to the mother. For the mother, however, pregnancy is a highly demanding and risky time. Earlier births avoid complications in the birth of a too-large infant. The length of the pregnancy is a compromise between these two demands, and is influenced by factors such as socioeconomic status, health, and fetal development. Women of lower socioeconomic status have been shown to deliver their babies earlier on average than women of higher socioeconomic status. Research has also shown that stress, especially during early pregnancy, can cause shorter gestation length and increase premature births.
Pregnancy loss
The rate of embryo loss changes throughout pregnancy. Pre-implantation in the uterine wall, rate of loss is undetectable as the hCG hormone is not secreted until implantation. There is no current way to detect pregnancy or pregnancy loss at this stage. Post-implantation, rate of loss is highest in the first trimester of a pregnancy. The chance of pregnancy loss lowers the further into gestation a woman is.
Pregnancies may be unsuccessful for multiple reasons. The maternal immune system, though suppressed during ovulation, views the fertilized egg as a foreign body and will attack it. Defective embryos may also be spontaneously aborted, or miscarried, whether due to chromosomal abnormality or developmental defects. Endometrial or placental development issues may also cause a pregnancy to fail. Additionally, the frequency of spontaneous abortion increases with the mother's age. Older mothers have a higher rate of genetic abnormalities that can trigger pregnancy loss.
Because human pregnancy is so costly, and human offspring so dependent on their mothers, early spontaneous abortion is high to ensure that energy of a pregnancy is spent on developing a fetus with a high chance of survival.
Fecundity and fertility
Human reproductive ecology considers fecundity and fertility from a demographic perspective. In this view, fecundity is the reproductive potential of an individual and fertility is the actual reproductive output of an individual.
Fecundity
Fecundity is determined by the biological limitations of the individual and can be reduced when biological and ecological factors impact an individual's reproductive capabilities. The key components of fecundity are a person's reproductive maturation and the maintenance of their reproductive system. In humans, the timing of female reproductive maturation is particularly variable and is heavily influenced by ecological considerations. In addition, the age at menarche has decreased over time in many global populations. This phenomenon is referred to as the secular trend. Age at menarche is one measure of the fecundity of an individual female. Male reproductive maturity is less subject to environmental and ecological factors, and does not follow the secular trend that female puberty does.
In adults, fecundity is determined by the biological processes of reproduction. Female fecundity is heavily influenced by reproduction and energetics. The ovarian cycle limits the potential of conception to a brief period of fertility roughly once a month. Successful egg maturation, fertilization, and implantation must be able to occur for a reproductively mature female to be fecund. Changes in energy levels, diet, and hormones can all interfere in this process. During breastfeeding, a period of lactational infertility also reduces female fecundity. The metabolic load hypothesis in human reproductive ecology describes how the energetic expenditure of lactation acts to inhibit ovarian cycling. With the majority of available energy going towards milk production, energy is not expended on reproductive effort.
Male fecundity is primarily determined by the quality of sperm and the availability of fertile female mates. Individual variation in sperm load, pH, lifespan, and morphology creates varying fecundity in males. As males do not gestate, their contribution to fecundity is less well established post-reproduction.
A lack of fecundity in adults can be described as infertility. Infertility occurs in about 10-15% of couples, with the causes of infertility shared equally between males and females.
Fertility
Fertility is the measure of an individual's actual reproductive output, rather than just their potential for reproductive success. Fertility rates vary both inter- and intra-culturally. Fertility for both males and females is dependent not just on biology but on cultural, religious, economic, and other sociological factors as well.
Natural fertility is emphasized in the study of human reproductive ecology. Natural fertility is the measure of human fertility in populations without birth control. Research on natural fertility populations seeks to understand the evolutionary context, ecological constraints, and predict outcomes for human fertility.
Fertility is influenced by fecundity, but has additional factors that can increase or decrease an individual's lifetime reproductive success. The inter-birth interval, the amount of time between a woman's births, impacts a woman's total fertility. This amount of time varies cross-culturally, as well as varies with different environmental constraints. Many cultures practice conscious birth spacing to adhere to the desired length of time between pregnancies, or desired number of children. Environmental concerns like fetal loss, lack of resource access, and disease may all impact fertility for females or males.
Fertility rates across the globe have steadily declined. This trend, known as the demographic transition, began in the 1700s and continues today. It is strongly correlated with increased industrialization in a society. This trend is now seen in almost all cultures, resulting in some societies with below replacement fertility. Below replacement fertility is when the rate of childbirth in a society is less than the amount needed for each woman to have at least one daughter. Since the chance of having a daughter is 50/50, there must be at least two children for every adult woman in the population.
Natural fertility populations
In 1961, French demographer Louis Henry introduced the term “natural fertility”. Natural fertility is defined as uncontrolled fertility when the couples do not control the number of children and the family size. Controlled fertility populations use controlled methods to stop having children after reaching a certain number of children.
In natural fertility populations, the parity related controls of fertility are not influenced by modern birth controls. Therefore, studying and understanding the age-related changes in fecundity is easier in natural fertility populations in compare to controlled fertility populations. Natural fertility populations deliver an easier platform to study the reproductive behavior which may affect the levels of fertility such as pregnancy loss, time for conception, and length of breastfeeding. In Pennsylvania and Ohio states in the United States, the Amish settlements have been studied to understand the age of marriage, the age of first birth, birth intervals, the age at last birth, and total fertility rate as they are natural fertility population due to their religious belief. The Dogon population in Mali, West Africa are a natural fertility population with high fertility rate and they have been studied to understand the role of the age of wife, the age of husband, nutritional status, breastfeeding status, sex of last child, economic status, and polygyny on the waiting time to conception. Natural fertility population in rural Bangladesh have been studied to predict the role of parity, pregnancy loss, mother's age, economic status, child's sex, and husband's migration on the distribution of postpartum amenorrhea.
Quality-quantity trade-offs in fertility
The number of children in any family is associated with the quality of those children. There is a trade-off between reproduction and survival of the children which influence total fertility rate in humans globally> In sub-Saharan African countries, child survival is negatively associated with the number of children in the family due to the child competition for parental investment. The decrease in birth interval rate can also endanger the life of the child. In the Hungarian population, a shorter birth interval is associated with less investment of the mothers which results in small body size and low birth weight of the children at birth. In historical Ireland (1700-1919) the number of children in the family was negatively associated with the lifespan and reproductive success of the children. In various natural fertility populations, the shorter birth interval length may cause higher deaths of the infants. The hunter-gatherer !Kung mothers require to carry a greater amount of food and baby on foraging trips and shorter birth interval length results higher infant mortality among them. The 4-year birth interval is the optimum for the !kung women to have a maximized reproductive success. The total fertility of the women is also related to the post-reproductive survival of the women and in pre-industrial (1766-1895) Swedish population, the number of children was found be to be negatively associated with the longevity of the mothers.
Physiology and maturation
Puberty is the transitory stage in human development in which a person goes from a child into a reproductively mature adult, in other words, puberty is the process of sexual maturation in humans. The onset of puberty varies between boys and girls, with boys usually starting around 11–12 years of age and ending by 16-17, and girls starting around 10-11 and ending at 15-17. Activity in the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis (HPG axis) initiates puberty by secreting gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus into the anterior pituitary. The anterior pituitary releases the gonadotropins luteunizing hormone (LH) into the ovaries, which produce estrogen, and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) into the testes, which produce testosterone. The central event in puberty for females is menarche, the first menstrual bleeding. For males, it is the first ejaculation. The onset of menarche is easier to determine due to the evidence of menstrual bleeding, while the first ejaculation for males is usually self reported. In evolutionary context, it is assumed that human physiology has been modeled through natural selection to maximize reproductive success by allotting energy and resources through trade-offs.
This period of reproductive maturation sees the onset of primary sexual characteristics, the production of gametes and hormones by the gonads, and secondary sexual characteristics. Secondary sexual characteristics include adolescent growth spurt, pubic and axillary hair, genital enlargement, breast development in girls, beard growth in boys, increase in subcutaneous fat, increase in muscle mass, and widening of the pelvis in girls. While there is variation among individuals, secondary sexual characteristics tend to develop in a sequence. For girls, breast development is followed by the appearance of pubic hair, followed by menarche, and fat deposition and broadening of the hips occurring as the completion of breast development approaches. For boys, enlargement of the penis and testicles occurs, followed by pubic and axillary hair growth, voice change, facial hair growth, and muscle mass increase. This period is also a time of cognitive and psychosocial development where social relationships, skills, and experiences outside of the core family are explored.
Pubertal variation
While puberty is a consistent progression of events culminating in reproductive maturity, there is wide variation in age of onset of puberty and the magnitude of the changes that can be caused by a variety of different influences. Since the mid 19th century the global age of menarche has significantly decreased. Dietary composition, disease, psyschosocial circumstances, developmental conditions, genetics and epigenetics, and other environmental factors can all affect the age of the onset of puberty. These factors can come together and in terms of evolutionary trade offs, alter the allocation of energy into growth, maintenance, or reproduction, as best needed for survival. Most research focuses on female puberty because it is easier to determine due to menarche. While there is variation in the onset time and magnitude, the sequence of events stays more or less consistent, variations in the sequence can indication a pathological condition.
Dietary influence
Differences in quality and quantity of nutrition account for one of the strongest environmental factors that alter the onset of puberty. Evidence has linked childhood obesity in girls with early pubertal timing, referencing an increased amount of body fat as a signal for the brain to initiate puberty and due to an excess of available energetic resources, since developing a fetus is very energetically demanding.
Illness
Disease and chronic illness in childhood can lead to a delay in pubertal timing in boys and girls. Inflammatory diseases, parasitic infections, and other illnesses that affect nutritional intake, specially chronic ones, are energetically costly and energy and resources has to be allocated into maintenance and health, sometimes taking energy from growth or reproduction, stunting or delaying them.
Genetics and environmental causes
Variation in pubertal timing has been directly found to be due through direct genetic association between mothers and daughters in 46% of the population studied. It is believed that an androgen receptor gene, but the specific gene has not been found. Chemicals and hormones found in the environment and plastics such as Bisphenol A (BPA) have been thought to affect sexual development in humans at the prenatal or postnatal stage. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), BPA found in plastic bottles and containers leaches into foods and liquids when warmed up, as in the case of plastic baby bottles, and traces of the chemical were found in more than 90% of the U.S. population studied. BPA is of concern because it interferes with the actions of estrogen which is needed as a developmental and reproductive regulator.
Stress and psychosocial factors
Most of the studies have reported that menarche may occur a few months earlier in girls in high-stress households, whose fathers are absent during their early childhood, who have a stepfather in the home, who are subjected to prolonged sexual abuse in childhood, or who are adopted from a developing country at a young age. Conversely, menarche may be slightly later when a girl grows up in a large family with a biological father present. However, when the stress is severely high and potentially life-threatening such as in times of war, the onset of puberty has been delayed.
Mate choice
Mate choice in human reproductive ecology is the process by which individuals rationally partner with others. Mate choice practices, like many of the topics in human reproductive ecology, vary greatly between individuals and between cultures.
Culture heavily influences mate choice, but there are evolutionary concepts that underpin research into mate choice. Honest signals are characteristics of an individual that are assumed to be true indicators of health and fecundity. Honest signals guide sexual selection, the process by which certain traits are picked by the potential mate and then proliferate throughout a species. Human cultures vary on what is considered to be a desirable honest signal. Emphasis on wealth, aesthetics, religious affiliation, and lineage, to name a few examples, are all used in different cultures as ways to choose a mate.
Monogamy is the mating strategy of two individuals partnering exclusively with each other for a period or time or for life. Monogamy in humans is generally accompanied by selective mate-choice and mating, cohabitation, and bi-parental care for children. Humans may practice lifelong monogamy, as well as serial monogamy. Serial monogamy is the mating strategy of having sequential, non-overlapping partners.
Polygamy is the practice of having multiple partners at the same time. The composition of the relationship will determine which type of polygamy is being practiced. Polygyny is the practice of a male partnering with multiple females. It is a fairly common mating strategy in humans, as well as in many other animals. Polygyny often occurs in agricultural societies and is often paired with male wealth or land access. When males are able to disproportionately control resources, they may be able to support more than one female partner. Polyandry is the practice of a female partnering with multiple males. It is not as common in humans as polygyny, due in part to the constraints of female reproduction. While a female may only reproduce once at a time, a male may be able to contribute to multiple concurrent pregnancies. Polyandry is often seen in cases when there are more males in a society than females, or when males are considered to be unavailable.
Parenting
Parental investment and parental-offspring conflict
In reproductive ecology, concepts related to parenting, social organization, and development are discussed. The concept of parental investment defined by Trivers and Willard in the 1970s is used widely in reproductive ecology to analyze and understand provisioning strategies and how they relate to life history trade-offs. Trivers' parental investment is defined as investment in offspring to that benefits their survival and ability to reproduce, at the expense of the parent's ability to invest in other offspring. Inherent in these strategies is an underlying trade-off between energy and investment allocation to oneself as a parent and to each offspring.
Paternal investment is more variable than maternal investment worldwide, and compared to other primates paternal investment is more robust in humans. Mating and pair-bonding includes trade-offs such as making a choice between investing in current offspring, or investing in future mating opportunities. Over the course of human evolution, there is evidence of reduced sexual dimorphism in humans compared to other primates. This suggests that there was less male-male competition for female mates, which led to more male investment in offspring, rather than mate choices. Paternal investment strategies vary facultatively based on alloparental care, the costs and benefits of offspring investment, societal pressures, divisions of labor, cultural expectations and norms, and the individual qualities of males in any given society. In the field of reproductive ecology, it has been a recent interest to explore the endocrinology of social relationships, including the relation of paternal investment and endocrine function. It has been shown that fatherhood in general, reduces testosterone levels and competition for mates increases testosterone. It is also shown that male endocrine function is mediated by interactions with children.
Maternal investment is widespread and less variable than paternal investment, but there have been recent evidence supporting multiple mating systems for females as well in the evolutionary literature. This could suggest that mating systems may influence how maternal investment is given, and the trade-offs posed both biologically and socially. Maternal investment is almost always necessary for the survival of offspring, because compared to other primates, human infants are highly altricial. Offspring are also categorized as taking longer to wean, still dependent after weaning, and a longer juvenile period.
Parent offspring conflict is a theory synthesized by Trivers in the 1970s alongside parental investment. Parental offspring conflict is also well documented and develops in tandem with the process of reproduction and parenting. Parent-offspring conflict occurs in the relationship between parent and fetus (in the case of striking a balance between allocating placental energy stores to the growing fetus, while maintaining and metabolic balance of the mothers biology), and between parent and offspring. Parent offspring is expected to be highest during the parental investment period. Parent-offspring conflict assumes there will be "disagreements" between parents and offspring about how long parental investment lasts, how resources are allocated, and maintaining the life history trade-offs in the process.
Allomaternal care
Parental investment provided by individuals other than mothers and fathers is considered allocare. Both paternal care and allocare can reduce the energetic costs of parenting for mothers. Allocare is often referred as allomaternal care or allomothering if it is provided by anyone other than the mother. Based on Kin Selection Theory, it is usually assumed that mothers have been ancestrally necessary to ensure offsprings survival and reproduction. It is less known to what extent paternal investment or care or other types of allocare are a necessity to offspring survival and reproduction. Typically maternal care is defined at the most basic level of pregnancy and birth and lactation, but includes other things like provisioning, learning (in humans), mirroring (mirroring behavior of mother), and holding, carrying, and touching. It has been shown in various studies that allocare can take many forms such as provisioning, providing food, reducing parental costs for parents, time investments, economic investments, and other types of care such as holding. There have been different results from studies in traditional societies and natural fertility populations, than in industrialized societies. Allomaternal care has been hypothesized to have influenced ancestral evolution by being associated with increased brain size. Allomaternal care is also a part of a larger hypothesis of humans as cooperative breeders whereby allocare discounts the individual costs of parenting, especially when sets of parents have children around the same time as each other, or have other kin or community members to provide care (see grandmother hypothesis). Cooperative breeding is a social system that given some advantage over time, and cooperative breeding is much more common in humans and relatively rare in other mammalian species. Traits in our species that favor cooperative breeding evolve over time due to altruism, and within the context of kin selection and reciprocity.
Lactation
Lactation is one of the costliest forms of parental investment because it is taxing at a metabolic and physiological level, but also in terms of time and emotion as well. There are many trade-offs regarding lactation, and recent work has explored cost benefit models and thresholds for breastfeeding. From a biological and evolutionary perspective, breastfeeding infants is biologically superior and contains various bioconstituents that provide nutrition, hydration, immune factors, hormones, and other necessary components to aid infant survival and growth. Lactational strategies vary cross-culturally, but can typically be defined by sibling sets and sex ratios, frequency of nursing, entire lactational duration, and milk composition. Milk is composed of my bioconstituents, but only a few will be outlined here. In the first days of puerperium, the first milk is thick and yellowish, also called colostrum. For weeks after that, mature milk is expressed and it has been shown that fetal-mammary gland signaling occurs even before birth in determining milk type and concentrations based on the fetus sex. Colostrum plays an important role in establishing the infant gut microbiome, as it contains important immunoglobins, and is high in protein and low in fat and milk sugar such as lactose. While breastmilk is extremely important for infants' health outcomes, it is also known that human mature milk is fairly dilute, which has an effect on infant suckling behavior, which in many cases holds implications for the contraceptive properties of lactation.
Lactational amenorrhea
Post-partum infecundability, also referred to as lactational infecundability or lactational amenorrhea, refers to the section of the human birth interval from parturition to the first post-partum ovulation. This period varies widely across globe and between societies. The length of post-partum infecundability is heavily influenced by breastfeeding because it holds some contraceptive physiological effects. The role of lactational amenorrhea has been shown to be important for infant survival as a mechanism to delay the next pregnancy, and thus infants have a longer period to optimize nutritional and immunological benefits of breast milk. Post-partum hormonal levels change so that both estrogen and progesterone are "cleared from the maternal circulation" and without breastfeeding, levels of plasma FSH and LH gradually increase and lead to the return of regular menses within 2 months. With breastfeeding, the resumption of normal menses occurs many months later, and the overall effect of lactational amenorrhea is influenced by the intensity of infant suckling.
Ovarian aging
Ovarian aging is characterized by the gradual decline of the ovarian follicles number and decreasing quality of oocytes. Menopause is considered as the final stage of ovarian aging. Menopause is clinically defined as the absence of menstruation beyond a year. It indicates the cessation of reproductive phase of life in women. The biology of menopause is associated with the depletion of the ovarian follicular pool. At the fourth month of the fetal life, the ovarian follicles reach to the number 6-7 million. At birth, the number of ovarian follicles in the ovary decline to 1-2 million. The follicle number decrease to 300,000-400,000 at the age of menarche. In the entire reproductive age, these follicles undergo atresia and at the time of menopause, the ovaries are left with approximately 1000 follicles. Below this threshold regular ovarian cycles cannot be maintained. The quality of ovarian follicles declines with age due to the increase meiotic non-disjunction. After age 31 years, fecundity decreases and the probability of aneuploidy rate increases in the early embryo.
The regular menstrual cycle is associated with the hormonal regulation from hypothalamic, pituitary, and ovarian axis. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretes from the hypothalamus. Hypothalamic GnRH pulse influences the pulsatile secretion of Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing hormone (LH) from the pituitary gland. During the menstrual cycle, due to a decreased level of inhibin-A and steroid hormones, the level of FSH increases. Due to these hormonal changes, the corpus luteum gets destroyed. The elevated level of FSH helps to recruit a cohort of the FSH-sensitive antral follicles in that cycle. During this phase, elevated FSH level stimulates the production of estradiol, Inhibin A and B. Following that, due to the negative feedback mechanism the level of estradiol and Inhibin-B increases and FSH level declines and it helps to select the dominant follicle. During the menopausal transition, FSH level elevates at the early follicular phase and due to the increased FSH level, the number of FSH-sensitive follicles decreases. These series of events lead to irregular menstrual cycle and the cycle length starts to become shorter. FSH, Inhibin-B, and Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) are used as the biomarkers for the ovarian aging.
Various genetic and endocrine factors influence the aging of the ovaries and the age at menopause. In some women, the ovaries age faster and the follicle pool diminishes before the age of 40 years. This phenomenon is known as the premature ovarian failure (POF) and it is used as the model for the study of the genetics of ovarian aging. The genes such as GDF9 and BMP15 have been identified as the candidate genes for POF. POF has a relation with the genome-wide linkages on chromosomal regions 9q21.3 and Xp21.3. Several genes related to mitochondrial function such as mt-Atp6, Sod1, Hspa4, and Nfkbia are also associated with the aging of the ovary. In addition to that, the deletion at mtDNA 4977-bp in the granulosa cells is associated with fertility in older aged women.
References
Evolutionary biology
Human reproduction |
59743525 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OQ-5 | OQ-5 |
The OQ-5 was a proposed target drone design in the United States.
The OQ-5 was similar to the Radioplane OQ-2 in having a wingspan measuring 12 feet (3.6 meters). Most likely it was intended to complement the OQ-2/-3 production by Radioplane and Frankfort, but was cancelled when the latter eventually produced enough targets.
See also
References
External links
1940s United States special-purpose aircraft
Unmanned aerial vehicles of the United States |
35972509 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black%20Country%20UTC | Black Country UTC | Black Country UTC was a university technical college (UTC) located in the Bloxwich area of Walsall, West Midlands, England. The University of Wolverhampton and Walsall College were the lead academic sponsors of the UTC, and Siemens acted as the lead business partner for the UTC. The UTC closed at the end of August 2015.
History
Black Country UTC opened in September 2011, and was the second university technical college to open in England as part of the university technical colleges programme. The UTC was located on the site of the former Sneyd Comprehensive School, a secondary school in Walsall which closed during the Summer of 2011 due to falling pupil numbers. The school site was extensively refurbished to accommodate the new UTC. A second phase of renovation was completed in September 2013.
In April 2015 it was announced that Black Country UTC would close at the end of August 2015, with all pupils either graduating or being given places at other local schools. The decision to close the UTC was made after two Ofsted reports stated that the school required improvement, and overall low student numbers.
Curriculum
The UTC specialised in engineering and science, and offered education for pupils aged 14 to 19. At ages 14–16, pupils studied a Higher Diploma in Engineering or BTEC First Diploma in Engineering in conjunction with a range of GCSE options. For sixth form education, students chose between three routes of study:
The Technical and Academic studies route required all students to study an Advanced Engineering Diploma or a BTEC National Diploma in Engineering. In addition, all students were expected to study the German language. Students could also choose to study between 1 and 3 other subjects in addition to their core engineering studies.
The Apprenticeships route required all students to study a Level 2 and 3 Apprenticeship in Engineering on a full-time or day release basis in conjunction with Walsall College.
The Pre Apprenticeship routes required all students to study a Performing Engineering Operations course, a BTEC First in Engineering and Functional Skills in English, Maths and ICT. Students also had the opportunity to retake GCSE English and Maths.
References
External links
Black Country University Technical College homepage
Defunct schools in Walsall
Defunct University Technical Colleges
Educational institutions established in 2011
2011 establishments in England
Educational institutions disestablished in 2015
2015 disestablishments in England |
23824563 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myriococcum | Myriococcum | Myriococcum is a genus of fungi in the Ascomycota phylum. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the phylum is unknown (incertae sedis), and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any class, order, or family.
See also
List of Ascomycota genera incertae sedis
References
External links
Index Fungorum
Ascomycota enigmatic taxa |
58634897 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/109th%20Grey%20Cup | 109th Grey Cup | The 109th Grey Cup will be played to decide the Canadian Football League (CFL) championship for the 2022 season. The game is scheduled to be played on November 20, 2022, at Mosaic Stadium in Regina, Saskatchewan. This will mark the fourth time the game will be held in Regina, and the first to be held at the new Mosaic Stadium as opposed to Taylor Field.
The game was originally awarded to be played in the 2020 season as the 108th Grey Cup. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, it was announced in May 2020 that the festivities in Regina had been cancelled, and that the game's venue would have been decided by home advantage if played. Regina was tentatively awarded the 110th Grey Cup in 2022. Under a hub city model, the CFL had planned to play the entire 2020 season in Winnipeg. However, the CFL cancelled the 2020 season entirely in August 2020, effectively making the 2022 Grey Cup the 109th edition.
Background
Host city selection
As of August 2018, three teams were interested in submitting bids as the league met with representatives of those unnamed clubs in Hamilton. Based on the location of the meeting and their previously-stated desire to host, the Hamilton Tiger-Cats were speculated to be one of the teams. The previous obstacle of the lawsuit over the construction of Tim Hortons Field was settled on May 31, 2018, which had prevented the Tiger-Cats from bidding on a Grey Cup game. The Tiger-Cats had previously expressed interest in submitting a bid for the 107th Grey Cup and with litigation cleared, they can move forward with bidding to host their first championship game since the 84th Grey Cup in 1996.
The first club to openly confirm their plans to bid were the Saskatchewan Roughriders, as stated by the club's president and CEO, Craig Reynolds, on October 1, 2018. The game would coincide with the 110th anniversary of the club and would be the fourth time the game would be hosted in Saskatchewan, if successful. The Roughriders' new facility, Mosaic Stadium, opened in 2017 and the Roughriders last hosted the Grey Cup in 2013.
On November 4, 2018, it was reported that the Montreal Alouettes were preparing a bid to see Olympic Stadium host the 2020 championship game. The Alouettes confirmed that they had representatives in Toronto on November 6, 2018, to make their presentation at the league head office to host the game.
It was confirmed on November 13, 2018, that the Tiger-Cats were indeed making a bid for the game as team representatives made their presentation to the league head office in Toronto the week prior. Their Grey Cup festival concept included a downtown-centred event at venues like the Hamilton Convention Centre and Art Gallery of Hamilton. The Tiger-Cats' president of business operations, Matt Afinec, confirmed that the club had support from Hamilton's mayor, Fred Eisenberger, and that three bids for the Grey Cup game had been made. The CFL's Grey Cup director, Céline Séguin, had previously stated that the league would like to announce hosts sooner. With the previous year's game being announced 19 months prior, this game could be declared much earlier.
On February 21, 2019, it was officially announced that the 2020 and 2021 Grey Cup games had been respectively awarded to Regina and Hamilton.
Cancellation of the 2020 season
The 108th Grey Cup faced a possible postponement or cancellation due to the COVID-19 pandemic; on May 11, Premier Scott Moe stated that current public health orders would not allow events that constitute large gatherings, "including up to and potentially including even this fall's Grey Cup", for the foreseeable future. The 101st Grey Cup attracted $93 million in economic activity to the province.
On May 20, the CFL announced that the 2020 season will not begin until at least September, and that the 108th Grey Cup and its festivities will not be hosted by Regina as a neutral site. Instead, the Grey Cup will be played at the home field of the participating team with the better regular season record (making it theoretically possible that the game may still be played in Regina, contingent on the Roughriders making it to the game and holding home advantage). Regina will host the 110th Grey Cup as a neutral site in 2022.
On July 21, the CFL announced a tentative plan to play the entirety of the 2020 season in Winnipeg as a hub city. However, citing financial issues and other factors, the CFL announced on August 17 that the 2020 season had been cancelled, marking the first time the Grey Cup will not be awarded since 1919.
References
Grey Cup
Grey Cup
Grey Cup
Grey Cup
2022 in Canadian television |
26726328 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yantic%20Falls%20Historic%20District | Yantic Falls Historic District | The Yantic Falls Historic District encompasses a historic mill and associated worker housing on Yantic Street in Norwich, Connecticut. The area includes a complex of mill buildings, mainly built in brick, and mill worker housing, also out of brick. The area's industrial history dates to the early 19th century. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on June 28, 1972.
Description and history
Yantic Falls is located on the Yantic River northwest of downtown Norwich, dropping through a narrow slot now spanned by a railroad bridge and a footbridge. Yantic Street is an L-shaped dead-end street providing access to the large mill complex located below the falls. It includes an array of mill buildings, many of them dating to the second half of the 19th century. They are typically built of brick, with windows set either in rectangular openings with granite headers, or in segmented-arch openings with soldier brick headers. One of the area's oldest buildings is a stone structure built out of ashlar granite; it is located between the larger complex and the falls. Lining Yantic Street are a series of houses, mainly duplexes and other multi-unit configurations, built as worker housing.
In addition to their industrial history, the Yantic Falls figure in the area's Native American history, as the supposed site of the last major battle between members of the Mohegan and Narragansett peoples during the Pequot War in the 1640s. The first known industrial use of the water power provided by the falls was a nail factory established in 1813. This was rapidly followed by other businesses, including a paper mill and a textile mill. Many of these early businesses failed during financial panics in the 1830s, and the water rights around the falls were consolidated into a single business, the Yantic Falls Company, in the 1860s.
Gallery
See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in New London County, Connecticut
Commonwealth Works Site
Neighborhoods of Norwich, Connecticut
References
Historic districts in New London County, Connecticut
Norwich, Connecticut
National Register of Historic Places in New London County, Connecticut
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Connecticut |
1695515 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syon%20Lane%20railway%20station | Syon Lane railway station | Syon Lane railway station in Travelcard Zone 4 is on the Hounslow Loop Line and borders the Spring Grove and New Brentford neighbourhoods of the London Borough of Hounslow in west London. The office and light industrial zone to the north-east, the West Cross Centre, has among other businesses the headquarters and studios of broadcaster and entertainment multinational company Sky. The station and all trains serving it are operated by South Western Railway.
History
The Southern Railway opened Syon Lane station 81 years after the line, on 5 July 1931.
In December 2020, South Western Railway finished work to make the station fully accessible. A new footbridge has been installed with a lift providing step-free access to the Hounslow-bound platform, with an improved step-free footpath for the Waterloo-bound platform.
Lobbying attempts for direct longer-distance and Heathrow Airport services
Hounslow Council unsuccessfully proposed that the Hounslow Loop Line be part of the Crossrail route with its inter-regional trains calling at all stations west of Kew Bridge. Planning consultants rejected the proposal in a final route presented to Parliament in 2008. The loop line itself although partially operating services as a through line to Weybridge in Surrey is constrained by level crossings on the Windsor and Reading line running from London Waterloo — four in the town of Egham of the 15 in total along the whole main route and its Weybridge spur are concentrated there in quick succession — whose local authority for transport Surrey County Council and Chamber of Commerce object to full-capacity timetabling without tunnelling beneath or bridging over most of the level crossings.
Amenities and set-up
The station instead of a building has a passenger shelter on each platform and is set below steps at the foot of a north–south humpback bridge formed by Syon Lane, which crosses the Great West Road at Gillette Corner 100m north. A street-level third entrance, from the convergence of Northumberland, Hexham and Rothbury Gardens (streets), connects the eastbound platform.
Services
The typical off-peak service from the station in trains per hour is:
4 direct to via
2 circuitously to Waterloo via and Richmond
2 to
On Sundays, two trains per hour to/from London Waterloo call at Syon Lane that continue alternately to/from Woking to the south-west on a mainline and to/from Twickenham and Kingston to the south on the Kingston loop line.
It is also occasionally served by trains to/from or .
The vast majority of services from Syon Lane are operated by Class 707 or Class 458 electric multiple units.
Connections
London Buses route H28 serves the station.
Notes and references
References
Notes
External links
Railway stations in the London Borough of Hounslow
Former Southern Railway (UK) stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1931
Railway stations served by South Western Railway
Brentford, London |
585777 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow%20Family | Rainbow Family | The Rainbow Family of Living Light is a counter-culture, in existence since approximately 1970. It is a loose affiliation of individuals, some nomadic, generally asserting that it has no leader. They put on yearly, primitive camping events on public land known as Rainbow Gatherings.
Origins and practices
The Rainbow Family was created out of the Vortex I gathering at Milo McIver State Park in Estacada, Oregon (30 miles south of Portland, Oregon), from August 28 to September 3, 1970. Inspired in large part by the first Woodstock Festival, two attendees at Vortex, Barry "Plunker" Adams and Garrick Beck, are both considered among the founders of the Rainbow Family. Adams emerged from the Haight-Ashbury scene in San Francisco and is the author of Where Have All the Flower Children Gone? Beck is the son of Julian Beck, founder of The Living Theatre, known for their production Paradise Now!
The first official Rainbow Family Gathering was held at the Strawberry Lake, Colorado, on the Continental Divide, in 1972. Use of this site was offered by Paul Geisendorfer, a local developer, after a court order was issued against their gathering at the original location on nearby Table Mountains.
Regional Rainbow Gatherings are held throughout the year in the United States, as are annual and regional gatherings in dozens of other countries. These Gatherings are non-commercial, and all who wish to attend peacefully are welcome to participate. There are no leaders, and traditionally the Gatherings last for a week, with the primary focus being on gathering on public land on the Fourth of July in the U.S., when attendees pray, meditate, and/or observe silence in a group effort to focus on World Peace. Most gatherings elsewhere in the world last a month from new moon to new moon, with the full moon being the peak celebration. Rainbow Gatherings emphasize a spiritual focus towards peace, love, and unity.
Those who attend Rainbow Gatherings usually share an interest in intentional communities, ecology, New Age spirituality, and entheogens. Attendees refer to one another as "brother", "sister", or the gender neutral term, "sibling." Attendance is open to all interested parties, and decisions are reached through group meetings leading to some form of group consensus. Adherents call the camp "Rainbowland" and, in an appropriation of Rastafarian customs, refer to the world outside of gatherings as "Babylon." The exchange of money is frowned upon, and barter is stressed as an alternative.
Goals
The organization is a loose, international affiliation of individuals who have a stated goal of trying to achieve peace and love on Earth. Participants make the claim that they are the "largest non-organization of non-members in the world." In addition to referring to itself as a non-organization, the group's "non-members" also even playfully call the group a "disorganization."
There are no official leaders or structure, no official spokespersons, and no formalized membership. Strictly speaking, the only goals are set by each individual, as no individual can claim to represent all Rainbows in word or deed. Also contained within the philosophy are the ideals of creating an intentional community, embodying spirituality and conscious evolution, and practicing non-commercialism.
Gatherings
All Rainbow Gatherings are held with an open invitation to people of all walks of life, and of all beliefs, to share experiences, love, dance, music, food, learning, and to pray for world peace.
The Rainbow Family is best known for its large annual American Gatherings (i.e., U.S. "Nationals" or "Annuals") which are held on U.S. Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management (or B.L.M.) land. These U.S. Annual Gatherings usually attract between 8,000 and 20,000 participants.
In addition to these larger U.S. Annuals, individuals practice this throughout the year in dozens of other countries. "World Gatherings" are also held from time to time in various countries. Other activities include regional Gatherings (or Regionals) and retreats. There are also small, local activities such as local drum circles, potlucks, music related events, and campouts.
The first European Rainbow gathering took place in 1983. In 1992, American immigrants organized the first Rainbow gathering in Israel, which was extended to six weeks.
Money is not used (or not encouraged), camps set up kitchens to share food, and there is a circle on the Fourth of July to pray for peace.
The Forest Service Incident Management team cost federal taxpayers $750,000 in 2006 (this cost is for 'monitoring' of the Rainbows), and the team handled the Gathering in Colorado that year and other large events in National Forests. By comparison, the Burning Man festival, unconnected to the Rainbow Gatherings, is a commercial venture that operates each year in the Black Rock Desert of Nevada and pays the Bureau of Land Management $750,000 for a permit, recouping the cost by charging attendees between $210 and $360. The Rainbow Family asserts that being charged $750,000 dollars to gather peaceably on National Forest Land is a violation of their First Amendment rights, and that the event is free to all members of the public.
After the Rainbow Gathering visited the National Forest near the town of Richwood, West Virginia, in 2005, Mayor Bob Henry Baber stated: "I never saw one bit of any activity that required any Forest Service legal intervention." He calls the Incident Management Team "bizarre and unnecessary," and adds that his town was not put off by the Rainbows or their behavior.
Controversies over the Rainbow Family's 1987 Gathering are discussed in the book Judge Dave and the Rainbow People.
Controversy
An outbreak of shigellosis (bloody diarrhoea) occurred at the 1987 gathering in Joyce Kilmer Memorial Forest in Graham County NC, in the remote southwestern NC Smoky Mountains. Hundreds of participants were sickened, overwhelming area hospitals and EMS agencies. Graham County had no hospital. As Graham County's small EMS and 5 ambulances were overwhelmed, dozens of ambulances from as far away as Jackson County and the Cherokee Indian Reservation were dispatched. The outbreak was attributed to poor hygiene. The County Sheriff requested outside law enforcement assistance. NC Governor Jim Martin, ordered deployment of 50 NC state troopers, 25 state game wardens, and additional SBI agents. Dozens of deputies and police officers from surrounding jurisdictions, and over 75 US Forest Service law enforcement officers and agents responded from as far away as Alabama. State and federal criminal charges included hundreds of traffic and alcohol citations, with impoundment of dozens of vehicles. Hundreds of criminal charges included disorderly conduct, indecent exposure, DWI, alcohol violations, revoked licenses, stolen tags, stolen vehicles, drug charges, child neglect, weapons violations, assault, interfering with peace officers and at least one kidnapping. A prison department bus was called to handle the volume of arrestees. County jails in all of the southwestern NC counties were filled on July 4 weekend. Federal, state and local officers eventually had to charge a remaining group that refused to leave with trespassing on federal land, to bring the event to a close.
A parvovirus outbreak amongst the dogs at a 2006 Rainbow Gathering in Big Red Park required 200 doses of vaccine and cost the Routt County Humane Society $800. Though the Rainbow Family removes its trash after a gathering, the Forest Service has criticized their cleanup efforts as being only "cosmetic" and "not rehabilitation by any stretch of the imagination."
In Montana in 2000, then governor Marc Racicot declared a "state of emergency" because of fears of the coming environmental destruction of the Rainbows on the National Forest. A year later, Dennis Havig, the District ranger from the nearby town of Wisdom, commented that "There were 23,000 people here and you can find virtually no trash. There's an aspect of diminished vegetation, but you'd have to look hard to see the damage. The untrained eye isn't going to see it."
Summit County health officials also had a positive assessment of the site, said Bob Swensen, environmental director for the agency: "My opinion is, it looks as if no one had been there," Swensen concluded. "I'd have to give them an 'A' for their cleanup."
At the California National Gathering in 2004, in Modoc County, after public health officials reported speaking with their counterparts in Utah, opted to take preventive measures apart from law enforcement, which the Utah individuals found to be the source of many of the problems encountered at their event. The Public Health Department reported that the Forest Service officers were observed being confrontational and antagonistic towards the Rainbows at the Gathering site, which "did not facilitate a cooperative response from the Rainbows," the report states. "The explanation that was given is that this was an illegal gathering because no permit had been signed. However, even after the permit had been signed, this attitude was unchanged."
After the 2005 Rainbow Gathering in the National Forest near Richwood, West Virginia, Mayor Bob Henry Baber stated: "I never saw one bit of any activity that required any Forest Service legal intervention." He calls the Incident Management Team "bizarre and unnecessary," and adds that he was not put off by the Rainbows or their behavior.
In an effort at self-policing and conflict resolution, Rainbow attendees have created a method they call "Shanti Sena," that involve peaceful nonviolent community response to issues. It is used in emergencies or serious conflict, as a call for help, and responders with a variety of skills show up to help facilitate a solution to the problem.
In 1980, two young women were shot to death in late June while hitchhiking to the Rainbow Gathering at Monongahela National Forest in West Virginia, and members were questioned about possible involvement. There had been tension between local residents and the "hippies", and police concluded local men led by Greenbrier County resident Jacob Beard were responsible. Beard was convicted in 1999, but exonerated on appeal in 2000 and received a $2 million settlement for wrongful conviction. White supremacist Joseph Paul Franklin confessed to the murders but later revealed he had just read about them. The killers remain at large and filmmaker Julia Huffman is working on a documentary, The Rainbow Murders, hoping to bring more facts to light.<ref>Lynne Darling, "The Rainbow People". Washington Post, July 7, 1980.</ref>"Man who confessed to 'Rainbow Murders' is executed". Charleston Gazette-Mail, November 19, 2013.State vs. Beard, decided July 15, 1998.
There were three non-fatal stabbings at a gathering in Colorado in 2014. The same year, a woman was found dead at a Rainbow Gathering in Utah. In early 2015, there was a fatal shooting at a gathering in Florida.
In 2015, a group of Native American academics and writers issued a statement against the Rainbow Family members who are "appropriating and practicing faux Native ceremonies and beliefs. These actions, although Rainbows may not realize, dehumanize us as an indigenous Nation because they imply our culture and humanity, like our land, is anyone's for the taking." The signatories specifically named this misappropriation as "cultural exploitation." On July 4 of the same year, the Winnemem Wintu issued a cease and desist letter, on behalf of itself and the Pit River and Modoc tribes, ordering the Rainbow Family off of sacred and sensitive lands in Shasta–Trinity National Forest.
Misrepresentation of Hopi legend
There has been a longstanding Rainbow rumor that the group is recognized by the elders of the Hopi people, or other Indigenous peoples of the Americas, as the fulfilment of a Native American prophecy, and that this excuses the cultural appropriation that is common in the group. This rumor was debunked as fakelore by Michael I. Niman in his 1997 People of the Rainbow: A Nomadic Utopia. Niman traced the supposed Hopi prophecies to the 1962 book Warriors of the Rainbow'' by William Willoya and Vinson Brown, which compares prophecies of major religious sects throughout the world with tales of visions from various Indigenous cultures. The fake prophecy was written by non-Natives as part of an Evangelical Christian agenda; Niman describes the source as purveying "a covert anti-Semitism throughout, while evangelizing against traditional Native American spirituality."
See also
Eco-communalism
New Age Travellers
References
Further reading
External links
Rainbow Family of the Living Light "Unofficial Homepage"
The "hipstory" of the Rainbow Family
Hippie movement
New Age communities
Critics of work and the work ethic
Counterculture festivals activists
Underground culture |
43939271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good%20Company%20%28TV%20series%29 | Good Company (TV series) | Good Company is an American television sitcom that aired on CBS on Monday nights from March 4, 1996, to April 22, 1996.
Synopsis
The series was set at the offices of Blanton, Booker & Hayden Agency, a Manhattan ad agency. Those seen were Zoe, the newly appointed creative director, Will, the art director, Jack, the senior copywriter, Jody, Jack's assistant, Ron, the account director, Liz, another copywriter, Dale, a junior art director, and Bobby the agency's president and CEO.
Cast
Wendie Malick as Zoe Hellstrom
Jason Beghe as Ron Nash
Jon Tenney as Will Hennessey
Seymour Cassel as Jack O'Shea
Timothy Fall as Jody
Lauren Graham as Liz Gibson
Elizabeth Anne Smith as Dale
Terry Kiser as Bobby McDermott
Episodes
References
External links
1996 American television series debuts
1996 American television series endings
CBS original programming
Television series by CBS Studios
1990s American sitcoms
Television shows set in New York City
1990s American workplace comedy television series
Television series about advertising |
4582876 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Living%20for%20the%20Weekend%20%28Hard-Fi%20song%29 | Living for the Weekend (Hard-Fi song) | "Living for the Weekend" is the fourth single from English indie rock band Hard-Fi, from their debut album, Stars of CCTV. It was released on 5 September 2005 and peaked at number 15 on the UK Singles Chart. "Living for the Weekend" was written by Hard-Fi frontman Richard Archer and has been heavily featured in a Life Style Sports commercial in Ireland and a Carling commercial in the United Kingdom.
It has also been featured on the Winter Olympics Special of BBC's Top Gear and in the CSI episode "Time of Your Death". The single cover does not bear the "Parental Advisory" sticker in spite of the lyrics: "Ah shit!" about halfway through the song. The radio edit replaces this with 'Hey, hey' from the first verse. The Sugababes also covered this song, which appeared on their single "Follow Me Home" as well as the Radio 1's Live Lounge compilation.
Background
"Living for the Weekend" began as a demo with Archer's previous band "Contempo" before they had split up. At this time, Hard-Fi drummer Steve Kemp was drumming for the Contempo. Contempo apparently played the song a couple of times in Portsmouth before it was re-recorded with Hard-Fi. The song is a typical Hard-Fi song lyrically, about having no money, a dead end job and, as the song title suggests, just living for the weekend.
It addresses what stresses of work and other issues in Staines such as having counterfeit clothes (Archer has addressed the sale of fake Burberry various times in interviews). Talking about the song, Archer said, "It's a song about when you've been working all week, for me and my friends that would probably be in a job you don't like or enjoy doing, and it gets to Friday and all of that frustration you've been through all week is released.
The money you've earned you spend it to get rid of all that stress, you let your hair down, your life's your own again, you're free. Everyone knows what that's like. You get out there and you see your friends again. It's like you've been released. And are you working to live or living to work?"
Music video
The video was filmed in Brentford on 1 August 2005 and was directed by Scott Lyon. It features Hard-Fi performing on top of a building during the day as well as scenes of people walking around the streets and suburbs of Brentford. Towards the end of the song, night falls and a large group of youths can be seen approaching a train station and then at a party. The 1000 Great West End Building can be seen in the video.
Use in the media
The song became one of the bands anthems being used in the media quite frequently from TV Series adverts to, quite appropriately, the Weekender Show on XFM. It was also used on a highlight video for the 2009 Chinese Grand Prix on the official Formula 1 website and in a behind-the-scenes programme for EastEnders in 2010.
In Australia, it was used infrequently during the Seven Network's coverage of the Australian Open tennis tournament. It was also used on the sports news show Sports Tonight on Network Ten.
Track listings
CD1
HARD04CD
"Living for the Weekend" (Radio Edit)
"Unnecessary Trouble" (Live)
Maxi CD
HARD04CDX
"Living for the Weekend" (Radio Edit)
"Peaches" (Radio 1 Live Version)
"Hard to Beat" (Axwell Mix)
"Living for the Weekend" (Video)
7"
"Living for the Weekend"
"Living for the Weekend" (Dub)
Charts
"Living for the Weekend" spent 12 weeks on the UK Singles Chart. It entered the UK singles chart at #15 and the UK download chart at #27 on 27 September 2005.
Certifications
References
External links
2005 singles
Atlantic Records singles
Hard-Fi songs
Songs written by Richard Archer |
48623744 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knud%20Adland | Knud Adland | Knud Adland (February 15, 1829 – May 5, 1912) was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly.
Biography
Adland was born near Bergen in Hordaland, Norway. He came to America as a child with his family, settling in Illinois in 1837 and then moving to Racine County, Wisconsin in 1840. He married Phoebe (Drought) Adland (1834–1899), with whom he had eight children. The family settled in what is now North Cape, Wisconsin, where he was a merchant. He also served as local postmaster, justice of the peace, and chairman of the town board. He was elected a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly in 1879 as a Republican.
Adland died in Chicago, where he was living with one of his sons.
References
1829 births
1912 deaths
19th-century American merchants
19th-century American politicians
Norwegian emigrants to the United States
People from Racine County, Wisconsin
Members of the Wisconsin State Assembly
Wisconsin Republicans |
63833981 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Urwa%20%28disambiguation%29 | Al-Urwa (disambiguation) | Al-Urwa or Al-Urwah (, The Bond) may refer to:
Al-Urwah al-Wuthqa, 19th-century pan-Islamic journal.
Al-Urwah al-Wuthqa (book), a Shi'i book of Islamic jurisprudence.
Al-Urwa, a US propaganda magazine published in the 1950s.
See also
Urwa (disambiguation) |
41598505 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Plan%20Man | The Plan Man | The Plan Man (; lit. "Plan Man") is a 2014 South Korean romantic comedy film that tells the story of an anal retentive man who attempts to escape from his fixation of trying to plan out every detail of his life. Starring Jung Jae-young and Han Ji-min, it is the feature directorial debut of Seong Si-heub.
Plot
Jung-seok is a librarian who goes about his daily life with everything planned down to the second. Having obsessive–compulsive personality disorder, he wakes up, crosses the road, visits the convenience store and goes to bed at the same time every day. Whenever he sees anything out of place, he can't help himself but to rectify it, a trait that is particularly irksome to his co-workers. Jung-seok develops a crush for a local convenience store's cashier who demonstrates a similar attention to order and cleanliness. When he finally works up the courage to tell her his feelings, he bumps into So-jung instead, a messy musician and free spirit whose life is lived spontaneously, adventurously and impulsively. With So-jung's help, he tries to woo his dream girl, but the only catch is that she wants someone who doesn't share her obsession for neatness. So now Jung-seok must break his routine and place himself outside of his comfort zone, as So-jung asks him to enter a singing audition program together with her.
Cast
Jung Jae-young as Han Jung-seok
Han Ji-min as Yoo So-jung
Cha Ye-ryun as Lee Ji-won
Jang Gwang as Goo Sang-yoon
Kim Ji-young as Psychiatrist
Joo Jin-mo as Laundry
Choi Won-young as Kang Byung-soo
Yoo Seung-mok as Writer Lee
Jo Yong-jin as young Jung-seok
Go Seo-hee as Jung-seok's mother
Park Gil-soo as Section chief Nam
Park Jin-joo as Eun-ha
Park Jin-woo as Sang-hoon
So Hee-jung as Kyung-mi
Lee Han-na as High school girl
Ha Jae-sook as Lethargic woman
Kim Ji-hoon as Big man
Sung Byung-sook as Mi-young
Lee Ye-eun as Min-ji
Jung Young-gi as Manager
Sung Gi-wook as PD Seo
References
External links
South Korean romantic comedy films
South Korean films
2014 films |
15705081 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RJ%20Mitte | RJ Mitte | Roy Frank "RJ" Mitte III (born August 21, 1992) is an American actor, best known for playing Walter "Flynn" White Jr. on the AMC series Breaking Bad (2008–2013). Like his character on the show, he has cerebral palsy. After moving to Hollywood in 2006, he began training with personal talent manager Addison Witt. They sought acting opportunities where his disability would serve to educate viewers, which led him to audition for the role in Breaking Bad.
Early life
Mitte was born in Jackson, Mississippi. He was delivered by emergency caesarean and was not breathing at the time of his birth, which resulted in permanent brain damage. He was adopted a few weeks later by Roy Frank Mitte Jr. and Dyna Mitte, who later separated. He was diagnosed with cerebral palsy at the age of three, and doctors put his legs in casts for six months in an attempt to straighten his feet.
Mitte was fitted with leg braces and used crutches throughout most of his childhood; however, over time, his body became stronger through sports and exercise; he no longer needed any walking devices by his teenage years. In 2006, he moved with his family to Los Angeles, where his younger sister Lacianne Carriere had received an offer for a role in a film project.
Mitte was raised by his mother following the separation of his parents, and from the age of 13 was financially responsible for the family, which by then also included his sister who was born when Mitte was 11 years old. He remains responsible and takes on multiple jobs to bring in an income.
Career
After receiving several roles as an extra, including in the Disney series Hannah Montana, Mitte became interested in films and decided to take acting lessons. Shortly after, he was offered the role of Walter White Jr., a character who also has cerebral palsy, in the AMC series Breaking Bad. At the 2013 Media Access Awards, Mitte received the SAG-AFTRA Harold Russell Award for his portrayal of Walter White Jr. on the series and also presented the eponymous RJ Mitte Diversity Award to deaf actor Ryan Lane. The Screen Actors Guild named Mitte as the spokesman for actors with disabilities and he is the representative of Inclusion in the Arts and Media of Performers with Disabilities, which employs artists with disabilities.
He starred in the short horror film Stump in 2011. That same year, he worked as executive producer of the documentary Vanished: The Tara Calico Story, about the disappearance of Tara Calico. Mitte was cast in the 2012 thriller film House of Last Things.
Mitte appeared in the 2013 music video for "Dead Bite" by rapcore band Hollywood Undead. He also appeared in the video for "If I Get High" by Nothing But Thieves in 2016. In January 2014, he began a recurring role on the ABC Family drama series Switched at Birth portraying Campbell, a premed student paralyzed from a snowboarding accident who uses a wheelchair.
On 17 November 2015, Mitte was announced to be a presenter as part of British Channel 4's coverage of the 2016 Rio Summer Paralympics
Activism
Mitte appeared on the cover of the February/March 2015 issue of Neurology Now (published by the American Academy of Neurology). The issue included a short biography and his views on cerebral palsy, bullying, and his acting career. He is also a celebrity ambassador for United Cerebral Palsy.
Modeling
Mitte modeled for a spring 2014 Gap ad campaign. Mitte walked the catwalk for Vivienne Westwood in June 2015.
Filmography
Film
Television
Music videos
Awards and nominations
References
External links
RJ Mitte discusses Breaking Bad at AMCTV.com, 2009
RJ Mitte — Breaking Bad Is Good Interview with ABILITY Magazine
1992 births
21st-century American male actors
American adoptees
American male child actors
American male film actors
American male television actors
Living people
Male actors from Mississippi
Models with disabilities
People with cerebral palsy
People from Jackson, Mississippi
Actors with disabilities
Disabled television presenters |
43923365 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1986%20European%20Athletics%20Championships%20%E2%80%93%20Women%27s%20400%20metres | 1986 European Athletics Championships – Women's 400 metres | The women's 400 metres event at the 1986 European Athletics Championships was held in Stuttgart, then West Germany, at Neckarstadion on 26, 27, and 28 August 1986.
Medalists
Results
Final
28 August
Semi-finals
27 August
Semi-final 1
Semi-final 2
Heats
26 August
Heat 1
Heat 2
Heat 3
Participation
According to an unofficial count, 18 athletes from 11 countries participated in the event.
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(3)
References
400 metres
400 metres at the European Athletics Championships
1986 in women's athletics |
9853620 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In-circuit%20test | In-circuit test | In-circuit test (ICT) is an example of white box testing where an electrical probe tests a populated printed circuit board (PCB), checking for shorts, opens, resistance, capacitance, and other basic quantities which will show whether the assembly was correctly fabricated. It may be performed with a bed of nails type test fixture and specialist test equipment, or with a fixtureless in-circuit test setup.
Bed of nails tester
A bed of nails tester is a traditional electronic test fixture which has numerous pins inserted into holes in an epoxy phenolic glass cloth laminated sheet (G-10) which are aligned using tooling pins to make contact with test points on a printed circuit board and are also connected to a measuring unit by wires. Named by analogy with a real-world bed of nails, these devices contain an array of small, spring-loaded pogo pins; each pogo pin makes contact with one node in the circuitry of the DUT (device under test). By pressing the DUT down against the bed of nails, reliable contact can be quickly and simultaneously made with hundreds or even thousands of individual test points within the circuitry of the DUT. The hold-down force may be provided manually or by means of a vacuum or a mechanical presser, thus pulling the DUT downwards onto the nails.
Devices that have been tested on a bed of nails tester may show evidence of this after the process: small dimples (from the sharp tips of the Pogo pins) can often be seen on many of the soldered connections of the PCB.
Bed of nails fixtures require a mechanical assembly to hold the PCB in place. Fixtures can hold the PCB with either a vacuum or pressing down from the top of the PCB. Vacuum fixtures give better signal reading versus the press-down type. On the other hand, vacuum fixtures are expensive because of their high manufacturing complexity. Moreover, vacuum fixtures cannot be used on bed-of-nails systems that are used in automated production lines, where the board is automatically loaded to the tester by a handling mechanism.
The bed of nails or fixture, as generally termed, is used together with an in-circuit tester. Fixtures with a grid of 0.8 mm for small nails and test point diameter 0.6 mm are theoretically possible without using special constructions. But in mass production, test point diameters of 1.0 mm or higher are normally used to minimise contact failures leading to lower remachining costs.
This technique of testing PCBs is being slowly superseded by boundary scan techniques (silicon test nails), automated optical inspection, and built-in self-test, due to shrinking product sizes and lack of space on PCB's for test pads. Nevertheless ICT is used in mass production to detect failures before doing end-of-line test and producing scrap.
ICT failures & mechanical simulation
In-circuit testing has been known to cause mechanical failures such as capacitor flex cracking and pad cratering. This typically occurs on a bed of nails tester if there is excessive board flexure due to poor support placement or high probe forces. It can be challenging to optimize for ideal support locations and probe forces without spending resources designing and building an ICT fixture. Current methods typically employ strain gaging or similar techniques to monitor board flexure. More recently, some have looked at finite element simulation to proactively design or adjust an ICT fixture to avoid these mechanical failure modes. This approach can be implemented as part of a design for manufacturability methodology to provide rapid feedback on ICT design and reduce costs.
Example test sequence
Discharging capacitors and especially electrolytic capacitors (for safety and measurement stability, this test sequence must be done first before testing any other items)
Contact Test (To verify the test system is connected to the Unit Under Test (UUT)
Shorts testing (Test for solder shorts and opens)
Analog tests (Test all analog components for placement and correct value)
Test for defective open pins on devices
Test for capacitor orientation defects
Power up UUT
Powered analog (Test for correct operation of analog components such as regulators and opamps)
Powered digital (Test the operation of digital components and Boundary scan devices)
JTAG Boundary scan tests
Flash Memory, EEPROM, and other device programming
Discharging capacitors as UUT is powered down
While in-circuit testers are typically limited to testing the above devices, it is possible to add additional hardware to the test fixture to allow different solutions to be implemented. Such additional hardware includes:
Cameras to test for presence and correct orientation of components
Photodetectors to test for LED color and intensity
External timer counter modules to test very high frequencies (over 50 MHz) crystals and oscillators
Signal waveform analysis, e.g. slew rate measurement, envelope curve etc.
External equipment can be used for hi-voltage measurement (more than 100Vdc due to limitation of voltage that is provided) or AC equipment Source those have interface to PC as the ICT Controller
Bead probe technology to access small traces that cannot be accessed by traditional means
Limitations
While in-circuit test is a very powerful tool for testing PCBs, it has these limitations:
Parallel components can often only be tested as one component if the components are of the same type (i.e. two resistors); though different components in parallel may be testable using a sequence of different tests - e.g. a DC voltage measurement versus a measurement of AC injection current at a node.
Electrolytic components can be tested for polarity only in specific configurations (e.g. if not parallel connected to power rails) or with a specific sensor
The quality of electrical contacts can not be tested unless extra test points and/or a dedicated extra cable harness are provided.
It is only as good as the design of the PCB. If no test access has been provided by the PCB designer then some tests will not be possible. See Design For Test guidelines.
Related technologies
The following are related technologies and are also used in electronic production to test for the correct operation of Electronics Printed Circuit boards:
PCB electrical test of bare PCBs
AXI Automated x-ray inspection
JTAG Joint Test Action Group (Boundary Scan Technology)
AOI automated optical inspection
Functional testing (see Acceptance testing and FCT)
References
External links
In-Circuit Test Tutorial
Printed circuit board manufacturing
Hardware testing
Electronic test equipment |
36114282 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasuo%20Ohara | Yasuo Ohara | Yasuo Ohara was a Japanese aikido instructor, and the founder of the New York Aikikai.
Ohara moved to New York City in the 1950s to study Business Administration at Columbia University. After he performed at a martial arts demonstration there in 1961 he was approached by fellow-student Barry Bernstein, who asked Ohara to teach him aikido. They were joined by others, including a number of judoka, and became the New York Aikikai. At this time Ohara, a 2-dan, was the only aikido teacher on America's East Coast. After Ohara's return to Japan, control of the club was assumed by Yoshimitsu Yamada.
As well as founding the New York Aikikai, Ohara is also noted for teaching Adele Westbrook and Oscar Ratti, the authors of Aikido and the Dynamic Sphere.
References
Ohara, Yasuo |
357736 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokkaido%20University | Hokkaido University | , or , is a Japanese national university in Sapporo, Hokkaido. It was the fifth Imperial University in Japan, which were established to be the nation's finest institutions of higher education or research. Hokkaido University is considered one of the top universities in Japan and was ranked 5th in THE Japan University Rankings. It was also selected as a "Top Type" university by the Japanese government's Top Global University Project. The main campus is located in downtown Sapporo, just north of Sapporo Station, and stretches approximately 2.4 kilometers northward.
History
The history of the university dates to the formal incorporation of Yezo as Hokkaido into the Japanese realm. Director of the Hokkaidō Development Commission Kuroda Kiyotaka, having traveled to America in 1870, looked to the American model of settling the new lands. Upon return he brought General Horace Capron, a commissioner of agriculture who pushed for the adoption of new agricultural practices and crops in Hokkaido's colder clime. To achieve this an agriculture college was proposed, leading to the founding of in 1876 by William S. Clark with the help of five faculty members and a first class size of 24 students. In September 1907, set up the faculty of Agriculture in Sapporo. Tohoku Imperial University ceded the Faculty of Agriculture to on April 1, 1918. It was one of nine Imperial Universities. The School of Medicine was established in 1919, at which time the Agricultural College became the Faculty of Agriculture. This was followed by the Faculty of Engineering, the Faculty of Science, and finally in 1947, the Faculty of Law and Literature. The current name of Hokkaido University also came into use in 1947. In 1953, the Graduate School was established.
Since 2004 the university has been incorporated as a National University Corporation under a new law which applies to all national universities. Although the incorporation has led to increased financial independence and autonomy, Hokkaido University is still partially controlled by the Japanese Ministry of Education.
In 2014 the university was selected under the Super Global Universities program that began as an initiative of Prime Minister Shinzō Abe who stated its aim was to help more of Japan's universities rank in the top 100 worldwide. Under the program, it is listed in the top university category or Type A—(Top Type) The Top Type is for world-class universities that have the potential to be ranked in the top 100 in world university rankings. Each Type A university will receive ¥420 million ($US 4.2 million) annually until 2023.
In June 2020, Hokkaido University president Toyoharu Nawa was dismissed by Japanese education minister Koichi Hagiuda for abuse of power at the workplace, becoming the first national university president to be dismissed since national universities became independent in 2004. He was succeeded by former neurosurgeon and director of Hokkaido University Hospital Kiyohiro Houkin.
Faculties and graduate schools
Faculties
Graduate schools
Postgraduate degree programs in English
The following departments offer postgraduate degrees taught entirely in English
Agriculture
Chemical Sciences and Engineering
Engineering
Environmental Science
Life Sciences
Science
Veterinary Medicine
Both international and domestic students may apply for graduate programs taught in English. Competitive scholarships are available for all graduate and undergraduate students enrolled in English degree programs, which range in amount from tuition discounts to full funding.
Special degree programs for international students
The university offers two programs aimed exclusively at international students: One, four-year undergraduate degree program, the Modern Japanese Studies Program (MJSP), and one, five-year degree program comprising both undergraduate- and graduate-level study, the Integrated Science Program (ISP). As with other English-based degree programs at the university, competitive scholarships are available for all graduate and undergraduate students, which range in amount from tuition discounts to full funding.
Modern Japanese Studies Program (MJSP)
The Modern Japanese Studies Program is a bilingual, bachelor's degree program that aims to educate students about the history, culture, society, and political economy of modern Japan while raising them to fluency in the Japanese language. The program offers two majors, one in History and Culture and one in Society and Political Economy. The majors share coursework, so whichever of the previous specializations a student does not choose as their major becomes their minor.
Integrated Science Program (ISP)
The Integrated Science Program is a multifaceted degree program that aims to provide students with a bachelor's degree in either biology, chemistry, or physics followed by their immediate enrollment in one of Hokkaido University's graduate schools. Through the unique, accelerated methodology of the program, students are able to graduate with a master's degree in five years (made up of three-and-a-half years of undergraduate study and one-and-a-half years of graduate study and research). It also aims to strengthen students' knowledge of English due to its importance as a scientific language.
Institutes
The University's Institute of Seismology and Volcanology was founded in 1998 in collaboration with several seismological observatories around Hokkaido. The institute is represented on the national Coordinating Committee for Earthquake Prediction.
In 2016, the university launched the Hokkaido Summer Institute, a three-month-long program from June to August which offers a variety of classes for both undergraduate and graduate students. Guest lecturers are invited from all over the world to share their expertise for the courses, which usually run for 1–2 weeks and grant students a small amount of academic credit. Both Japanese and foreign students participate in this unique program, which is conducted entirely in English.
Campus
Sapporo campus
The main Sapporo campus is located just north of Sapporo Station, in the heart of Sapporo City. The entirety of the campus measures approximately 180 hectares and houses academic and administrative buildings, research laboratories, student dormitories, and farmland. The main academic buildings are found along a 1.5 kilometer stretch of road that runs from the Main Gate to the Kita 18 Gate, roughly encompassing the distance between Kita-Juni-Jo and Kita 18-jo subway stations on the Namboku Subway Line. A campus-wide bus service runs regular routes between the southern and northern end of the university, although access is restricted to university staff only.
The abundance of accessible green space has continued to be popular not only among students, but also the general public, who can often be seen using the campus area in a similar way to a public park. Walking tours of the campus for interested foreign and domestic tourists are provided by several businesses in Sapporo, although no tour is needed to visit the campus. Fall is an especially popular time for campus visits, with tourists and Sapporo residents flocking to get a view of the golden ginkgo trees that line Ginkgo Avenue.
Hakodate campus
The campus is located in Hakodate, a city located in the southern part of Hokkaidō. The Faculty and Graduate School of Fisheries Science are located there. However, students of Fisheries Science start their education at the Sapporo campus in order to complete three semesters of compulsory liberal arts education courses and move to the Hakodate campus from the second semester of their sophomore year. As the minimum requirement to study at the Hakodate campus is only one year of a four-year bachelor's program, the turn-over rate of students entering and leaving the Hakodate campus is fairly high. To provide students in the Faculty and Graduate School of Fisheries Science with practical hands-on experience, the university has two fully operational research vessels, the Oshoru Maru and the Ushio Maru, based in nearby Hakodate harbor. Graduate students and professors also use these vessels to carry out their research.
Overseas satellite offices
In order to raise awareness of the university internationally, as of June 2018 Hokkaido University was operating eight satellite offices worldwide. After opening its first overseas satellite office in Seoul, South Korea, Hokkaido University has also established satellite offices in Helsinki (Finland), Beijing (China), Lusaka (Zambia), Bandung (Indonesia), Quezon City (Philippines), Kamphaeng Saen (Thailand), and a special China Office in Beijing. Interested parties can not only obtain information regarding the university at these offices, but prospective students can also take university entrance exams there, a procedure which previously was only offered in Japan.
Educational philosophy
Academic rankings
General rankings
In 2017, the CWTS Leiden Ranking ranked them at 120th in the world and 6th in Japan. In 2018, QS World University Rankings ranked Hokkaido University at 122nd in the world (7th in Japan).
In 2019, the Times Higher Education(THE) Japan ranked them 5th in Japan. Also in that year, they ranked as 6th or 7th in Japan according to the Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU), and between 151st and 200th in the world.
In 2013, their highest score in QS Ranking was for Faculty Student Score (88 out of 100). Their lowest was for International Faculty Score (13.5 out of 100). In an effort to boost their International Faculty Score, Hokkaido has recently been selected to be part of Japan's Super Global Universities Program. This program provides special funding to hire international faculty.
Research performance
According to Thomson Reuters, Hokkaido is the 6th best research university in Japan. Its research standard is especially high in Materials Science (7th in Japan, 86th in the world), Chemistry (8th in Japan, 52nd in the world), and Biology & Biochemistry (6th in Japan, 104th in the world).
Weekly Diamond reported that Hokkaido has the 10th highest research standard in Japan in terms of research funding per researchers in the COE Program.
According to the QS World university rankings in September 2012, Hokkaido University was placed 135th (worldwide) and 6th (in Japan) for general standards in engineering and technology.
It also has a good research standard in Economics, as RePec ranked Hokkaido as the 16th best Economics research university in Jan 2011.
The Nobel Prize
As of 2021, two alumni and faculty members have won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. The university received attention in 2010 when Professor Akira Suzuki won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry jointly with Richard F. Heck and Ei-ichi Negishi. Benjamin List, winner of the 2021 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, is the principal investigator at the Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery of the Hokkaido University. Also, Ei-ichi Negishi, special invited professor at the Institute for Catalysis (ICAT) of the Hokkaido University, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry as well.
In addition, the Hokkaido Imperial University alumni Kōichi Ichikawa (市川 厚一) completed the first artificial induction of cancer in history in 1915 and discovered the cause of cancer, but in 1926 the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Johannes Fibiger. A few years later, everyone discovered that Fibiger's research was completely wrong. Until the middle of the 20th century, Japanese scientists missed the Nobel Prize many times because of racial discrimination.
Alumni rankings
Graduate school rankings
Hokkaido Law School was ranked 6th in 2010 (8th in 2009) in the passing rate of Japanese Bar Examination.
Eduniversal ranked Hokkaido as 2nd in the rankings of "Excellent Business Schools nationally strong and/or with continental links " in Japan.
Popularity and selectivity
Hokkaido is one of the most selective universities in Japan. Its entrance difficulty is usually considered one of the top in Japan.
Notable alumni
Uchimura Kanzō, Christian evangelist, founder of Non-church Christianity Movement
Akira Ifukube, composer
Nitobe Inazō, the author of Bushido: the Soul of Japan, a Quaker
Ryuzo Yanagimachi, assisted fertilization and cloning pioneer
Mamoru Mohri, astronaut
Takeo Arishima, novelist
Riko Muranaka, medical doctor and journalist
Hiroshi Ishii, computer scientist
Junko Ohashi, pop singer
Akira Suzuki, Nobel Prize in Chemistry (2010)
Yuichiro Miura, alpinist, the oldest person to reach the summit of Mount Everest
Juhn Atsushi Wada, neurologist, described the Wada test
Points of interest
Hokkaido University Botanical Gardens
Notes
References
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ; OCLC 58053128
External links
Hokkaido University, official website
Hokkaido University Library
Hokkaido University International Students Association (HUISA)
Hokkaido University (March, 2005) Handbook for International Students
Sapporo
Educational institutions established in 1918
Japanese national universities
National Seven Universities
Universities and colleges in Sapporo
Super Global Universities
Hokkaido American Football Association
1918 establishments in Japan |
58473370 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qiupanykus | Qiupanykus | Qiupanykus (meaning "Qiupa claw" after the Qiupa Formation) is a genus of alvarezsaurid coelurosaur theropod from the Late Cretaceous Qiupa Formation of southern China.
Fossil eggs believed to be those of an oviraptorid found in association with the holotype specimen indicate that both Qiupanykus and other alvarezsaurids may have been specialist egg eaters that used their robust thumb claws to crack open eggshells.
Phylogeny
Lü Junchang et al. (2018) recovered Qiupanykus as a member of the Alvarezsauridae, falling closer to Parvicursor than to Patagonykus. Although not formally assigned to the clade Parvicursorinae in the description, this position would make it a member of Parvicursorinae sensu Xu et al. (2013).
References
Late Cretaceous dinosaurs of Asia
Alvarezsaurids
Fossil taxa described in 2018
Taxa named by Lü Junchang |
63484855 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wamkele%20Keabetswe%20Mene | Wamkele Keabetswe Mene | Wamkele Mene is the Secretary General of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) Secretariat. In February 2020, he was elected as the first Secretary General of the African Continental Free Trade Area Secretariat.
Early life and education
Wamkele was born and raised in Uitenhage, Eastern Cape Province. He attended Marymount High School, before changing schools and enrolled at Trinity High School. He graduated with a B.A Law from the Rhodes University. He obtained an M.A. in International Studies and Diplomacy from the School of Oriental & African Studies and an LL.M in Banking Law and Financial Regulation from the London School of Economics and Political Science.
Career
He previously served as the Head of Mission to the World Trade Organisation for South Africa. Wamkele later Chaired the Committee on International Trade in Financial Services at the World Trade Organisation. He was the Chief Director for Africa Economic Relations in South Africa's Department of Trade and Industry and South Africa's lead negotiator in the African Continental Free Trade Agreement.
Personal life
Wamkele is married to Malika Hinkson Mene.
References
South African diplomats
South African economists
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people) |
39608785 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madan%20%28surname%29 | Madan (surname) | Madan is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Martin Madan (MP) (1700–1756), groom of the bedchamber to Frederick, Prince of Wales
Arthur Cornwallis Madan, British linguist of African languages (Swahili and others) and UMCA missionary (Zanzibar, Rhodesia), taught at Christ College
Falconer Madan (1851–1935), librarian of the Bodleian Library of Oxford University
Jamshed Madan (1915–1986), Indian cricketer
Jamshedji Framji Madan (1856–1923), Indian film and theatre magnate, one of the pioneers of film production in India
José Óscar Sánchez Madan (b. 1961), Cuban journalist
Judith Madan (1702–1781), English poet
Martin Madan (1726–1790), English barrister, clergyman and writer
Spencer Madan (1729–1813), English churchman
Triloki Nath Madan (b. 1933), Indian academic
Moti Lal Madan (b. 1939), Indian biotechnology researcher, veterinarian, academic and administrator
Jai Madan , Indian glamorous astrologer
Sonya Madan, lead singer of Echobelly |
10279416 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princesshay | Princesshay | Princesshay is a shopping precinct in the city of Exeter, Devon, England. It was built in the early 1950s to replace buildings that had been severely damaged in the World War II Baedeker Blitz. From 2005 the precinct and some surrounding buildings were demolished and rebuilt as a new shopping centre that opened in September 2007.
History
The original Princesshay opened in the 1950s, Princesshay was the first pedestrianised shopping street in the country, running from Bedford Street to Eastgate House, roughly parallel with the High Street. The name was also used for the entire post-war development on the south side of the High Street between Paris Street and the Cathedral precinct, lying north of Southernhay. It replaced the pre-war area known as Bedford Circus (which included the Eastgate Arcade) that was levelled by the City Council following damage in the Blitz. Before building commenced, a plaque was unveiled at the site on 21 October 1949 by Princess Elizabeth after whom the development was named.
After demolition of the precinct started in 2005, archaeological work was undertaken owing to its potential interest, being close to the centre of the ancient Roman town of Isca Dumnoniorum and being continuously inhabited since that time. Among the finds were over a ton of Roman tile fragments, rare early 15th century pottery and 144 coins, one of which, dated to around 1200, was minted in the city.
The post-war buildings have been replaced with a modern shopping centre, opened in September 2007. It was the subject of considerable discussion with strong views for and against; inevitable because of its proximity to the Cathedral Close and Southernhay and the design which integrated mixed housing into the Exeter retail zone, and resisted the late twentieth century drive towards bland malls.
Despite criticism, the site was developed by Land Securities in partnership with The Crown Estate into 530,000 sq ft of retail space accommodating over 60 stores. It won the British Council of Shopping Centres "Supreme Gold Award" in 2007, Retail Week's "Shopping location of the year" in 2008, and the International Council of Shopping Centers "Best Medium Sized Shopping Centre in Europe" in 2008.
The shopping centre has a CACI rating of 30 which places it between Covent Garden and Derby in terms of its profitability. In 2011 it had an annual footfall of 9.5 million which attracted a potential spending of over £730 million.
Shops
Princesshay's largest stores are Next, John Lewis and Fat Face along with other high street stores such as Apple Store, New Look, River Island, Zara, Tiger, Levi's, Hollister, Superdry, Lush, Hotel Chocolat, Build A Bear, Saks Hair and Beauty, Schuh, HMV, AllSaints and Pandora.
Princesshay restaurants and cafes including Starbucks, Costa Coffee, Nandos, Coal bar and grill, Chandos Deli, Wagamama, Coffee 1, Slim Chickens, Meat59, YO! Sushi and Italian restaurant Luciano‘s.
Princesshay is also home to Exeter's Underground Passages attraction, giving visitors a guided tour of the medieval subterranean passageways that used to transport water under the city centre. Dating back to the 14th century.
Mobile device tracking
Princesshay has been criticised by visitors and consumer groups for its use of digital tracking technologies to provide near real-time location data of mobile phones within the complex. The system was provided by the retail metrics firm Path Intelligence in 2008, and gathers data by intercepting TMSI beacons from mobile phones. By using this aggregate data, the system creates a site plan displaying the location of switched on mobile phones, and their likely users.
Attempted bombing
On 22 May 2008, the shopping centre was temporarily evacuated after an explosive was detonated in one of the restaurants injuring only the perpetrator. On 15 October 2008, Nicky Reilly admitted the attempted explosion.
References
External links
Photo essay of the Princesshay redevelopment
Shopping centres in Devon |
19575563 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear%20inequality | Linear inequality | In mathematics a linear inequality is an inequality which involves a linear function. A linear inequality contains one of the symbols of inequality:. It shows the data which is not equal in graph form.
< less than
> greater than
≤ less than or equal to
≥ greater than or equal to
≠ not equal to
= equal to
A linear inequality looks exactly like a linear equation, with the inequality sign replacing the equality sign.
Linear inequalities of real numbers
Two-dimensional linear inequalities
Two-dimensional linear inequalities are expressions in two variables of the form:
where the inequalities may either be strict or not. The solution set of such an inequality can be graphically represented by a half-plane (all the points on one "side" of a fixed line) in the Euclidean plane. The line that determines the half-planes (ax + by = c) is not included in the solution set when the inequality is strict. A simple procedure to determine which half-plane is in the solution set is to calculate the value of ax + by at a point (x0, y0) which is not on the line and observe whether or not the inequality is satisfied.
For example, to draw the solution set of x + 3y < 9, one first draws the line with equation x + 3y = 9 as a dotted line, to indicate that the line is not included in the solution set since the inequality is strict. Then, pick a convenient point not on the line, such as (0,0). Since 0 + 3(0) = 0 < 9, this point is in the solution set, so the half-plane containing this point (the half-plane "below" the line) is the solution set of this linear inequality.
Linear inequalities in general dimensions
In Rn linear inequalities are the expressions that may be written in the form
or
where f is a linear form (also called a linear functional), and b a constant real number.
More concretely, this may be written out as
or
Here are called the unknowns, and are called the coefficients.
Alternatively, these may be written as
or
where g is an affine function.
That is
or
Note that any inequality containing a "greater than" or a "greater than or equal" sign can be rewritten with a "less than" or "less than or equal" sign, so there is no need to define linear inequalities using those signs.
Systems of linear inequalities
A system of linear inequalities is a set of linear inequalities in the same variables:
Here are the unknowns, are the coefficients of the system, and are the constant terms.
This can be concisely written as the matrix inequality
where A is an m×n matrix, x is an n×1 column vector of variables, and b is an m×1 column vector of constants.
In the above systems both strict and non-strict inequalities may be used.
Not all systems of linear inequalities have solutions.
Variables can be eliminated from systems of linear inequalities using Fourier–Motzkin elimination.
Applications
Polyhedra
The set of solutions of a real linear inequality constitutes a half-space of the 'n'-dimensional real space, one of the two defined by the corresponding linear equation.
The set of solutions of a system of linear inequalities corresponds to the intersection of the half-spaces defined by individual inequalities. It is a convex set, since the half-spaces are convex sets, and the intersection of a set of convex sets is also convex. In the non-degenerate cases this convex set is a convex polyhedron (possibly unbounded, e.g., a half-space, a slab between two parallel half-spaces or a polyhedral cone). It may also be empty or a convex polyhedron of lower dimension confined to an affine subspace of the n-dimensional space Rn.
Linear programming
A linear programming problem seeks to optimize (find a maximum or minimum value) a function (called the objective function) subject to a number of constraints on the variables which, in general, are linear inequalities. The list of constraints is a system of linear inequalities.
Generalization
The above definition requires well-defined operations of addition, multiplication and comparison; therefore, the notion of a linear inequality may be extended to ordered rings, and in particular to ordered fields.
References
Sources
External links
Khan Academy: Linear inequalities, free online micro lectures
Linear algebra
Linear programming
Polyhedra |
22786317 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1958%20in%20British%20television | 1958 in British television | This is a list of British television related events from 1958.
Events
January
14 January – TWW, the first ITV franchise for South Wales and the West of England, goes on the air.
February
13 February – A by-election is covered on UK television for the first time when Granada broadcasts coverage of the 1958 Rochdale by-election; broadcast presenter Ludovic Kennedy takes second place for the Liberals, considerably increasing their share of the vote.
17 February – Pope Pius XII designates St. Clare of Assisi as the patron saint of television. Thereafter, placing her icon on a television set is said to improve reception.
18 February – Footage of the annual Shrove Tuesday Atherstone Ball Game is shown on television for the first time.
March
31 March – Debut of the BBC's serial Starr and Company, set in an engineering firm. The programme is aired for nine months.
April
14 April — The newly magnetic videotape machine Vision Electronic Recording Apparatus or VERA for short, is given a live demonstration on air in Panorama where Richard Dimbleby seated by a clock, talks for a couple of minutes about the new method of vision recording with an instant playback. The tape is then wound back and replayed. The picture is slightly watery, but reasonably watchable, and instant playback is something completely new.
May
5 May – First experimental transmissions of a 625-line television service.
June
No events.
July
No events.
August
30 August – Southern Television, the ITV franchise for the South of England, goes on the air.
September
No events.
October
11 October – The long running Saturday afternoon sports programme Grandstand debuts on the BBC Television Service. It airs until 2007.
16 October – Blue Peter, the world's longest-running children's TV programme, debuts on the BBC Television Service. It continues to air into the 2020s.
28 October – The State Opening of Parliament is broadcast on television for the first time.
November
30 November – During the live broadcast of the Armchair Theatre play Underground on the ITV network, actor Gareth Jones has a fatal heart attack between two of his scenes while in make-up.
December
No events.
Debuts
BBC Television Service/BBC TV
1 January – Big Guns (1958)
4 January – Saturday Playhouse (1958-1961)
2 February – Monitor (1958-1965)
24 January – Pride and Prejudice (1958)
12 February – More Than Robbery (1958)
March – Starr and Company (1958)
7 March – The Diary of Samuel Pepys (1958)
11 April – The Common Room (1958-1959)
22 April – Railway Roundabout (1958-1962)
7 May – White Heather Club (1958–1968)
13 May – The Dangerous Game (1958)
17 May – Duty Bound (1958)
1 June – The Adventures of Ben Gunn (1958)
14 June – The Black and White Minstrel Show (1958–1978)
24 June – The Firm of Girdlestone (1958)
5 July – Fair Game (1958)
16 August – Charlesworth at Large (1958)
6 September – Jennings at School (1958)
12 September – Champion Road (1958)
14 September – Little Women (1958)
29 September – Leave It to Todhunter (1958)
11 October – Grandstand (1958–2007)
16 October – Blue Peter (1958–present)
4 November – The Mad O'Haras (1958)
7 November – Our Mutual Friend (1958–1959)
10 November – Solo for Canary (1958)
11 November – Charlie Drake (1958–1960)
4 December – Private Investigator (1958–1959)
22 December – Quatermass and the Pit (1958–1959)
ITV
8 January – Ivanhoe (1958–1959)
4 February – East End, West End (1958)
21 February – Sword of Freedom (1958–1961)
18 March – Hotel Imperial (1958-1960)
23 March – The Killing Stones (1958)
30 March – Time Out for Peggy (1958)
26 April – The Truth About Melandrinos (1958)
30 June – My Wife and I (1958)
6 July – Dial 999 (1958-1959)
13 September – Oh Boy! (1958–1959)
13 September – Mary Britten, M.D. (1958)
14 September – The Invisible Man (1958–1959)
19 September – The Larkins (1958–1964)
20 September – The Adventures of William Tell (1958–1959)
26 September – Educating Archie (1958–1959)
6 October – Cannonball (1958–1959)
12 October – After Hours (1958–1959)
6 December – All Aboard (1958–1959)
Unknown
Gwlad y Gan (1958–1964)
Torchy the Battery Boy (1958–1959)
Continuing television shows
1920s
BBC Wimbledon (1927–1939, 1946–2019, 2021–2024)
1930s
The Boat Race (1938–1939, 1946–2019)
BBC Cricket (1939, 1946–1999, 2020–2024)
1940s
Watch with Mother (1946–1973)
Come Dancing (1949–1998)
1950s
Andy Pandy (1950–1970, 2002–2005)
All Your Own (1952–1961)
Rag, Tag and Bobtail (1953–1965)
The Good Old Days (1953–1983)
Panorama (1953–present)
The Adventures of Robin Hood (1955–1960)
Picture Book (1955–1965)
Sunday Night at the London Palladium (1955–1967, 1973–1974)
Take Your Pick (1955–1968, 1992–1998)
Double Your Money (1955–1968)
Dixon of Dock Green (1955–1976)
Crackerjack (1955–1984, 2020–present)
Hancock's Half Hour (1956–1961)
Opportunity Knocks (1956–1978, 1987–1990)
This Week (1956–1978, 1986–1992)
Armchair Theatre (1956–1974)
What the Papers Say (1956–2008)
The Army Game (1957–1961)
The Sky at Night (1957–present)
The Woody Woodpecker Show (1957–1997)
Ending this year
The Flower Pot Men (1952–1958, 2001–2002)
The Woodentops (1955–1958)
Educated Evans (1957–1958)
Living It Up (1957–1958)
Six-Five Special (1957–1958)
Births
10 January – Caroline Langrishe, actress
24 January – Jools Holland, British musician
29 January – Linda Smith, comedian (died 2006)
11 February – Michael Jackson, British broadcast executive
20 February – James Wilby, British actor
3 March – Miranda Richardson, English actress
7 March – Rik Mayall, comedian and actor (died 2014)
14 March – Francine Stock, radio and television presenter and author
21 March – Gary Oldman, English actor
14 April – Peter Capaldi, Scottish actor and director
3 May – Sandi Toksvig, Danish-born comedian, author, and radio presenter
17 May – Paul Whitehouse, Welsh comedian and actor
18 May – Toyah Willcox, actress and singer
22 May – Denise Welch, actress and television presenter
6 July – Jennifer Saunders, British comedian
24 July – Joe McGann, actor
31 July – Sue Jenkins, actress
29 August – Lenny Henry, British entertainer
30 August – Muriel Gray, Scottish author, broadcaster and journalist
13 September – Bobby Davro, actor and comedian
18 September – Linda Lusardi, British model, actress, and television presenter
21 September
Simon Mayo, British radio presenter
Penny Smith, television presenter
25 October – Simon Gipps-Kent, actor (died 1987)
31 October – Debbie McGee, television, radio and stage performer
6 December – Nick Park, English filmmaker and animator
Deaths
30 November – Gareth Jones, actor
See also
1958 in British music
1958 in the United Kingdom
List of British films of 1958
References |
26573399 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buchanan%20House | Buchanan House | Buchanan House may refer to:
Tompkins-Buchanan House, Louisville, Kentucky, listed on the National Register of Historic Places listings in Jefferson County, Kentucky
Buchanan House (Roachville, Kentucky), listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Green County, Kentucky
Stevens-Buchanan House, Brandon, Mississippi, listed on the National Register of Historic Places listings in Rankin County, Mississippi
Wheatland (James Buchanan House), former residence of President James Buchanan outside of Lancaster, Pennsylvania
Buchanan House (Decatur, Tennessee), listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Meigs County, Tennessee
I.W.P. Buchanan House, Lebanon, Tennessee, listed on the National Register of Historic Places listings in Wilson County, Tennessee
James Buchanan House (Nashville, Tennessee), listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Davidson County, Tennessee
J. C. Buchanan House, Bastrop, Texas, listed on the National Register of Historic Places listings in Bastrop County, Texas
Buchanan-Hayter-Witherspoon House, Mansfield, Texas, listed on the National Register of Historic Places listings in Tarrant County, Texas
Dr. Trueblood House, Kirkland, Washington, also known as Buchanan House, listed on the National Register of Historic Places listings in King County, Washington
See also
James Buchanan House (disambiguation) |
67841817 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Rickman | John Rickman | John Rickman may refer to:
John Rickman (activist) (1910–1937), British communist activist
John Rickman (broadcaster) (1913–1997), British broadcaster and journalist
John Rickman (parliamentary official) (1771–1840), British statistician and parliamentary official
John Rickman (psychoanalyst) (1891–1951), British psychoanalyst |
33278003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram%C3%B3n%20Mujica%20Pinilla | Ramón Mujica Pinilla | Ramon Elias Mujica Pinilla is a Peruvian anthropologist and served under three Presidents as Director of the National Library of Peru.
Early life
Ramon Mujica Pinilla is the son of Peruvian diplomat, founding publisher of Expreso de Lima and collector Manuel Mujica Gallo and museum docent Marisa Pinilla Sánchez Concha, daughter of a Spanish Consul of Spain in Peru. He graduated from New College of Florida in Sarasota, Florida. He did his postgraduate work at the National University of San Marcos.
Se llama Ramon
Career
He has written books on the mystical intellectual sources of St. Rose of Lima, the first saint of the Americas, and on the political dimensions of her Creole and Indian cult that prepared the ground for Peru's political Independence from Spain in 1821. Angeles Apocrifos en la America Virreinal includes an explanation for the late 17th century Andean sui generis baroque iconography of angels bearing musquets and Hebrew names. This angelic visionary iconography explained the Spanish Conquest of Peru in prophetic terms. It alluded to Inca Garcilaso de la Vega's belief that the Spanish conquistadors were divine messengers with thunderclaps sent by the Inca god Viracocha. Mujica coordinated the two volume set on "El Barroco Peruano" published by the Banco de Credito del Peru and the collection of essays "Vision y Simbolos: del virreinato criollo a la Republica Peruana", that includes contributions by David A. Brading, Teresa Gisbert de Mesa and Natalia Majluf, among others.
He is a numerary member (miembro de numero) of the Peruvian Academia Nacional de Historia and a "miembro correspondiente" from the Academia Nacional de Bellas Artes in Buenos Aires, Argentina. He has been appointed to be a board member of the Instituto Cervantes in 2014 filling a seat vacated by Isabella Allende.
References
University of Texas: Ramon Mujica Program Bio
El Commercio de Lima: Ramon Mujica appointed Director National Library of Peru
1956 births
Living people
National University of San Marcos alumni
New College of Florida alumni
People from Lima
Peruvian anthropologists
Peruvian essayists
Peruvian male writers
Peruvian historians
Peruvian librarians
Peruvian people of Spanish descent
Male essayists |
50202131 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen%20Hild | Helen Hild | Gladys Helen Nevins (February 26, 1926 – March 4, 1984), better known by her ring name Helen Hild, was an American female professional wrestler and model. In her career, Nevins wrestled for extended periods of time for various wrestling promotions: All-Star Wrestling, Big Time Wrestling, Championship Wrestling from Florida, Central States Wrestling, Georgia Championship Wrestling, Mid-Atlantic Championship Wrestling, Minneapolis Boxing & Wrestling Club, NWA Mid-America and the World Wide Wrestling Federation.
Early life
Nevins was born in Omaha, Nebraska and had a brother named Marv who played football for University of Nebraska Omaha.
Professional wrestling career
Hild wrestled through the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s. One of the top female wrestling stars in the U.S. during the 1940s and 50s, she challenged Mildred Burke for the NWA World Women's Championship several times between 1948 and 1951. Hild was often a rival to The Fabulous Moolah. Their encounter in Seattle, Washington on August 9, 1957, was the first woman's wrestling match to be held in the city in 12 years.
Personal life
Nevins gave birth to a son named Theodore Marvin, later known as wrestler Ted DiBiase, in 1954, fathered by Ted Wills, an entertainer and singer. She later married fellow wrestler "Iron" Mike DiBiase, who adopted Theodore. After Mike's death during a 1969 wrestling match, she became depressed and began to abuse alcohol.
Championships and accomplishments
Pro Wrestling Illustrated
PWI ranked her # 37 of the best 50 female singles wrestlers in PWI's The Women of Wrestling in 1996.
PWI ranked her # 38 of the best 100 female singles wrestlers in PWI's 100 Hottest Women of Wrestling in 2002.
References
Further reading
External links
1926 births
1984 deaths
American female professional wrestlers
Professional wrestlers from Nebraska
Sportspeople from Omaha, Nebraska
20th-century American women |
17903497 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheadle%20Moseley | Cheadle Moseley | Cheadle Moseley was a township in the ancient parish of Cheadle, now in Greater Manchester, England. It lay in the historic county of Cheshire.
Geography
Cheadle Moseley covered the rural area that includes parts modern-day Cheadle and Cheadle Hulme.
It was bordered to the west by Stockport Etchells and part of Cheadle Bulkeley, to the north by Heaton Norris, to the east by another part of Cheadle Bulkeley and Bramhall and to the south by Handford.
History
Cheadle Moseley existed as a township from the Middle Ages until 1894, when it was merged with the townships of Cheadle Bulkeley and Stockport Etchells to form the Cheadle and Gatley Urban District, finally becoming part of the Metropolitan Borough of Stockport in 1974.
References
History of Cheshire
Geography of the Metropolitan Borough of Stockport
Cheadle, Greater Manchester
Cheadle Hulme |
5295936 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MuchMusic%20Video%20Award%20for%20Peoples%20Choice%3A%20Favourite%20International%20Group | MuchMusic Video Award for Peoples Choice: Favourite International Group | The award for People's Choice: Favorite International Group is an award presented at the MuchMusic Video Awards. The award can only be presented to a group that is not from Canada. The results are decided by an online poll. For the 2008 MuchMusic Video Awards, the award was changed to, "People's Choice: Favourite International Video", a more general award including international group artists as well as international solo artists.
Winners
MuchMusic Video Awards |
65584342 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Maryland%20state%20historical%20markers%20in%20Kent%20County | List of Maryland state historical markers in Kent County | This is a list of the Maryland state historical markers in Kent County.
This is intended to be a complete list of the official state historical markers placed in Kent County, Maryland by the Maryland Historical Trust (MHT). The locations of the historical markers, as well as the latitude and longitude coordinates as provided by the MHT's database, are included below. There are currently 22 historical markers located in Kent County.
References
Kent County |
44277598 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrausta%20nugalis | Pyrausta nugalis | Pyrausta nugalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Snellen in 1899. It is found on Java and in India (Assam).
References
Moths described in 1899
nugalis
Moths of Indonesia
Moths of Asia |
12931405 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capelle-l%C3%A8s-Hesdin | Capelle-lès-Hesdin | Capelle-lès-Hesdin (, literally Capelle near Hesdin) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France.
Geography
A village situated some 17 miles (27 km) southeast of Montreuil-sur-Mer on the D134 road.
Population
See also
Communes of the Pas-de-Calais department
References
INSEE commune file
Capelleleshesdin |
12852981 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerva%20microphylla | Aerva microphylla | Aerva microphylla is a species of plant in the family Amaranthaceae.
It is endemic to the Socotra archipelago off the coast of East Africa, and politically part of Yemen.
Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests.
References
microphylla
Endemic flora of Socotra
Flora of Yemen
Least concern plants
Least concern biota of Africa
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
16041496 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Draugen%20oil%20field | Draugen oil field | Draugen is an oil field in the Norwegian Sea with a sea depth of . It has been operating by A/S Norske Shell until sold to AS OKEA in 2018. The field has been developed with a concrete fixed facility and integrated topside. Stabilized oil is stored in tanks in the base of the facility. Two flowlines connect the facility to a floating loading buoy.
The Garn Vest and Rogn Sør deposits have been developed with a total of five subsea wells connected to the main facility at Draugen. The field has six subsea water injection wells.
Additional resources in the Garn Vest structure came on stream in December 2001, while development of additional resources at the Rogn Sør structure were approved in the spring of 2001, coming on stream in January 2003.
Reservoirs
The major reservoir is the Rogn Formation, a shallow marine sand bar of the Late Jurassic at around , while on the western side of the field is the Garn Formation of the Middle Jurassic.
They are all producing reservoirs with good characteristics.
Recovery and transport
The platform consists of a concrete monocolumn with integrated deck.
Oil transport is accomplished through tanker via floating buoy.
The Asgard transport pipeline is used for transport of natural gas to Kårstø.
Spills
In January 2008, a small amount of oil was spilled after a pipe broke while loading a tanker. The oil being loaded into the Navion Scandia tanker was spilled when the pipeline pressure became too high. The oil spilled was in such a small amount that much of it evaporated before being contained.
Current status
New production wells are currently being drilled and more is being considered to increase output. Gas injection and water injection are used to increase production.
CO2 injection has been rejected.
See also
List of oil fields
References
External links
Draugen Oil Field in Offshore Technology
Draugen in Interactive Energy Map
Oil fields in Norway
Shell plc oil and gas fields |
40752013 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snow%20Hill%20%28Gwaltney%20Corner%2C%20Virginia%29 | Snow Hill (Gwaltney Corner, Virginia) | Snow Hill, also known as Booth House, is a historic home located near Gwaltney Corner, Surry County, Virginia. It was built in 1836, and is a 2 1/2-story, five bay, I-house style frame dwelling. It has a gable roof, exterior end chimneys, and a single pile, central-hall plan. The interior features special decorative treatment of the woodwork in imitation of fine woods and marbles.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.
References
External links
Snow Hill, State Route 40, Carsley, Surry County, VA: 10 measured drawings and 7 data pages at Historic American Buildings Survey
: copyrighted photographs taken of the site by Douglas W. Reynolds, Jr. in March 2015.
Historic American Buildings Survey in Virginia
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia
Houses completed in 1836
National Register of Historic Places in Surry County, Virginia
Houses in Surry County, Virginia |
6591382 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highcrest%20Academy | Highcrest Academy | Highcrest Academy, formerly known as Highcrest Community School and before that as Hatters Lane School, is situated on Hatters Lane Hill in High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire. It is currently led by the Headteacher Mr G Burke after Miss Sheena Moynihan turned the school around from being on the edge of closure. In November 2010 it was judged to be an 'outstanding' school by Ofsted. In July 2011 the school became an Academy and was renamed to reflect its new status.
It is a mixed secondary school, which takes children from the age of 11 through to the age of 18.
In September 2006 the school was designated by the Department for Education and Skills (DfES) as a specialist school in Technology.
Highcrest Community School is one of several Buckinghamshire schools which host mobile phone masts. Contracts between Buckinghamshire County Council and various mobile phone operators generate an income of £145,000 per annum, of which about £59,000 comes from contracts for masts that are installed in schools.
Pupils
There are a total of 1090 pupils at Highcrest Community School that is:
190 in year 7;
190 in year 8;
160 in year 9;
190 in year 10;
100 in year 11;
100 in year 12.
and, 100 in year 13
Staff
There are 85 members of staff at Highcrest.
55 of these teachers and 35 members of the support staff.
References
External links
Department for Education Performance Tables 2011
Secondary schools in Buckinghamshire
High Wycombe
Academies in Buckinghamshire
Educational institutions established in 2001
2001 establishments in England |
1636841 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS%20Deane | USS Deane | USS Deane has been the name of more than one ship in the United States Navy.
was a Continental Navy frigate commissioned in 1778.
USS Deane (DE-86), a , was never commissioned in the United States Navy. Instead it was commissioned in the Royal Navy as in 1943.
United States Navy ship names |
12099361 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euploea%20tulliolus | Euploea tulliolus | Euploea tulliolus, the dwarf crow or small brown crow, is a butterfly found in the Solomon Islands, Malaysia, Taiwan, Vietnam, Singapore and Australia, that belongs to the crows and tigers, that is, the danaid group of the brush-footed butterflies family. It has a wingspan of about 4 to 8 centimeters.
Due to the purple iridescence of the butterfly under sunlight, the butterfly is also commonly referred to as the purple crow (紫斑蝶).
References
External links
Euploea tulliolus, at funet.fi
Euploea
Butterflies of Singapore
Butterflies of Indochina
Butterflies described in 1793 |
42245407 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toulgarctia%20milloti | Toulgarctia milloti | Toulgarctia milloti is a moth in the family Erebidae. It was described by Hervé de Toulgoët in 1954. It is found on Madagascar.
References
Moths described in 1954
Spilosomina |
11071000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elisabetta%2C%20regina%20d%27Inghilterra | Elisabetta, regina d'Inghilterra | Elisabetta, regina d'Inghilterra (; Elizabeth, Queen of England) is a dramma per musica or opera in two acts by Gioachino Rossini to a libretto by Giovanni Schmidt, from the play Il paggio di Leicester (Leicester's Page) by Carlo Federici, which itself "was derived from a novel The Recess (1785) by Sophia Lee."
It was premiered at the Teatro San Carlo in Naples on 4 October 1815 and was the first of nine operas which Rossini wrote for the San Carlo. Altogether, this was one of eighteen operas which he wrote during the time he spent in Naples.
Rossini took melodies from other operas to compose Elisabetta, including the overture, first written for Aureliano in Palmira, which is famous as the overture to The Barber of Seville. As Holden notes, with the re-uses of earlier music, "it is as if Rossini wished to present himself to the Neapolitan public by offering a selection of the best music from operas unlikely to have been revived in Naples."
Some of Elisabetta 's music was recycled in later operas and a part of Elisabetta's first aria was re-used by Rossini four months later in Rosina's aria "Una voce poco fa" in the opera The Barber of Seville.
Performance history
The opera was first given in the UK on 30 April 1818 at the King's Theatre in London.
Notable performances include Palermo (1970), Arles (1975), Teatro Regio di Torino, the Teatro San Carlo, Naples (1991), in New York (1998, given by Opera Northwest), at the Teatro Margarita Xirgu, Buenos Aires (2004), and at the Rossini Festival in Pesaro (2004).
Roles
Synopsis
Time: Reign of Elizabeth I
Place: London
Act 1
Throne Room of Whitehall Palace,
The Earl of Leicester is celebrating his victory over the Scots. The Duke of Norfolk, who is also present, scowls with jealousy. The Queen enters: (Aria: Quant'è grato all'alma mia). Leicester is honored, and says he has brought home the sons of nobility as hostages. However, he recognizes his wife, Matilda, and her brother, Enrico, as belonging to that group.
When they are alone, Leicester reproaches his wife (Duet: Incauta, che festi?). Because she is the daughter of Mary, Queen of the Scots, she is in danger. Matilda tells Leicester that the Queen loves him as well. She mourns her ill fortune: (Aria: Sento un'interna voce). Leicester decides that, to avoid suspicion, he will speak to neither Matilda nor to her brother, Enrico.
Royal apartments
Instead, Leicester tells Norfolk of his secret marriage and Norfolk, in turn, tells the Queen: (Duet: Perché mai, destin crudele). She reacts to the news in fury.
The hostages and Leicester are sent for. The Queen offers to make him consort, and, upon his refusal, she accuses him of treason, and has both him and Matilda arrested.
Act 2
Rooms in the Palace
The Queen states that she has sentenced Matilda to death. She demands that Matilda renounce her marriage to Leicester in return for his, her brother, Enrico's, and her own safety. Leicester enters, tears the document up, and is once again arrested along with Matilda. Also, the Queen banishes Norfolk banished for behaving badly towards Leicester.
Outside the Tower of London
People lament Leicester's upcoming execution. Norfolk appears. He induces the crowd to try to free Leicester.
Leicester's prison cell
He laments his fate. Norfolk enters and convinces Leicester that he has begged the Queen to pardon him, instead of having betrayed him. The Queen enters to see Leicester prior to his death. Norfolk has hidden, and Matilda and Enrico are hiding as well. Leicester tells the Queen that Norfolk has accused him. Norfolk emerges with a dagger drawn to stab the Queen, when Matilda emerges and throws herself between them. The Queen condemns Norfolk to death, and, in the aria, Bell'alme generose, pardons Leicester and the Scottish prisoners.
Recordings
References
Notes
Sources
Gossett, Philip; Brauner, Patricia (2001), " Elisabetta, regina d'Inghilterra " in Holden, Amanda (ed.), The New Penguin Opera Guide, New York: Penguin Putnam.
Kobbé, Gustave (1976), The New Kobbé's Complete Opera Book, NY:Putnam.
Osborne, Charles (1994), The Bel Canto Operas of Rossini, Donizetti, and Bellini, Portland, Oregon: Amadeus Press.
Osborne, Richard, Rossini (1990), Ithaca, New York: Northeastern University Press.
Osborne, Richard (1998), "Elisabetta, regina d'Inghilterra", in Stanley Sadie, (Ed.), The New Grove Dictionary of Opera, Vol. Two. p. 2. London: Macmillan Publishers, Inc.
Osborne, Richard and Philip Gossett, "Rossini, Gioachino", in The New Grove Dictionary of Opera, edited by Stanley Sadie. Grove Music Online at Oxford Music Online
Toye, Francis (re-issue 1987), Rossini: The Man and His Music, Dover Publications, 1987. ,
External links
Elisabetta, regina d’Inghilterra – Description of the critical edition published by the University of Chicago
Plot description at the Rossini Opera Festival homepage
Italian-language operas
Operas by Gioachino Rossini
1815 operas
Operas
Operas set in England
Operas about Elizabeth I
Opera world premieres at the Teatro San Carlo
Operas based on plays |
11679677 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primera%20Divisi%C3%B3n%20de%20M%C3%A9xico%20Verano%202002 | Primera División de México Verano 2002 | Primera División de México (Mexican First Division) Verano 2002 was the 2002 edition of the Primera División de México, crowning Mexico's spring champion in football. América won the championship for the ninth time in its history and thus qualified for the CONCACAF Champions' Cup 2003, ending a decade-long trophy-less drought.
Overview
Moves
Veracruz bought the place of Irapuato.
Final standings (groups)
League table
Results
Top goalscorers
Players sorted first by goals scored, then by last name. Only regular season goals listed.
Source: MedioTiempo
Playoffs
Repechage
Morelia won 5–3 on aggregate.
3–3 on aggregate. Santos Laguna advanced for being the higher seeded team..
Bracket
Quarterfinals
3–3 on aggregate. Santos Laguna advanced for being the higher seeded team.
Necaxa won 3–0 on aggregate.
UNAM won 4–1 on aggregate.
América won 6–2 on aggregate.
Semifinals
Necaxa won 1–0 on aggregate.
América won 2–1 on aggregate.
Finals
América won 3–2 on aggregate.
Relegation
Relegation table
Relegation Playoff
The Mexican Football Federation decided to increase the number of teams in the Primera División to 20 participants, so it was decided to play a promotion series between León, the last place in the Primera División relegation table, and Veracruz, Primera 'A' season runner-up. Finally, Veracruz was the winner, and the team was promoted to Primera División and León was relegated to Primera 'A'.
Veracruz won 3–1 on aggregate.
After Veracruz Team in Primera A won the promotion, there was already two teams in Veracruz with the same name, for that reason, the owners decided to transfer the team promoted to Tuxtla Gutiérrez, where it was renamed as Jaguares de Chiapas.
References
Mexico
2001–02 in Mexican football
2002A |
51726465 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir%20Lopatin | Vladimir Lopatin | Vladimir Lopatin (born 1931) is a Soviet former swimmer. He competed in the men's 100 metre backstroke at the 1952 Summer Olympics.
References
External links
1931 births
Possibly living people
Soviet male swimmers
Olympic swimmers of the Soviet Union
Swimmers at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Place of birth missing (living people)
Male backstroke swimmers |
33983531 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9%20Nogales | José Nogales | José Nogales (October 21, 1860 – December 7, 1908) was a Spanish journalist and writer.
Works
Novels
Ladybug Lion (1901)
The Patriot (1901)
Stories
Mosaic (1891)
In the depths of hell or zurrapas of the century (1896)
Rocío Letters (1900)
Types and customs (1901)
The three things Uncle John (1905)
External links
Spanish male writers
1860 births
1908 deaths |
Subsets and Splits