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42093499 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W.%20H.%20Patterson | W. H. Patterson | William Hammond Patterson (14 February 1847 – 16 July 1896), known as W. H. Patterson, was a British trade unionist.
Born in Newcastle-upon-Tyne to a Primitive Methodist family, Patterson's father worked in quarrying, and he was sent to work at the quarry in Jesmond when only eleven years old. Within a year, he moved to Heworth Colliery, and began his career in coal mining.
In 1865, a trade union lodge was established at Heworth, and Patterson was appointed as its secretary. He was a delegate to the 1869 meeting which founded the Durham Miners' Association, and served on its first executive, being elected as its agent for south-west Durham in 1870. He was elected as financial secretary in 1872, and his expertise in this role, along with his service as vice president from 1878, led him to be elected as general secretary on William Crawford's death in 1890. However, his time leading the union was troubled, as it attempted to take its own course during the UK miners' strike, 1892-1893. He died in 1896, still in post.
References
1847 births
1896 deaths
English miners
Trade unionists from Newcastle upon Tyne
Leaders of British trade unions |
6517363 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thorpe%20Waterville | Thorpe Waterville | Thorpe Waterville is a village in the English county of Northamptonshire. It is combined with Achurch to form the ecclesiastical parish of 'Thorpe Achurch'; in turn this is added to another combined parish, Lilford-cum-Wigsthorpe, to form the grouped parish council of Lilford-cum-Wigsthorpe and Thorpe Achurch. This is part of North Northamptonshire.
Thorpe Waterville lies on the A605 road some three miles north-east of the town of Thrapston. Thorpe Waterville Castle, of which only a building used as a barn remains, was mainly the work of Walter de Langton, Bishop of Lichfield and Treasurer to King Edward I.
Chapel Cottage in the village, has a date stone carved into the right hand side of the ingle nook fireplace showing the year 1618. Reference to this date on the chimney, 1618, is made in R. Gough's 1806, Translation of Camden's Britannia with Additions, Northamptonshire p.283, "Robert Brown, founder of the sect of the Browniſts, ....., resided in a little thatched house in Thorpe Waterville which is still subsisting, with a date on the chimney 1618" . During its renovation in the late 1970s, following a thatch roof fire, builders discovered what was rumoured to be one end of a tunnel stretching from the Manor House to Chapel Cottage. The owners of the cottage were reluctant to excavate the tunnel entrance fully so the validity of this cannot be confirmed.
External links
General details
Villages in Northamptonshire
North Northamptonshire |
26296879 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monorail%20%28disambiguation%29 | Monorail (disambiguation) | A monorail is a railway in which the track consists of a single rail or a beam.
Monorail may also refer to:
Monorail camera, a camera whose components are mounted on a rail which allows positional adjustment
MonoRail (software), an open source web application framework built on top of the ASP.NET platform
Monorail Inc., a defunct American computer company
Overhead crane, a type of crane found in industrial environments
See also
Disney monorail (disambiguation), monorail systems used on Disney properties
"Marge vs. the Monorail", an episode of The Simpsons
Rivers State Monorail, a proposed transportation project in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria |
34488017 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiantum%20cunninghamii | Adiantum cunninghamii | Adiantum cunninghamii is a maidenhair fern found in New Zealand. The sori are found under the curved leaf margins.
References
cunninghamii
Flora of New Zealand
Taxa named by William Jackson Hooker |
43808585 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harris-Kearney%20House | Harris-Kearney House | The 1855 Harris-Kearney House is an historical site located in Kansas City, Missouri, in the Westport neighborhood. Originally, the house was located at the intersection of modern-day Westport Road and Main Street (where the Katz Drug Store was located) The home is the oldest brick residence in the city.
This Greek Revival mansion was built in 1855, and was owned by Col. John "Jack" Harris and his wife Henrietta. The Mansion House, as it was known, was moved to 4000 Baltimore, in 1922.
Harris House Hotel
In 1846 the Harris family purchased a business called the Catfish House located at the northeast corner of what is today's Westport Road and Pennsylvania. The family operated this small hotel and saloon until it burned to the ground in 1848. With the help of friends, family and locals, the hotel was rebuilt as a 3-story brick hotel, in the same location, and renamed The Harris House Hotel. This new, grand hotel was considered integral to the neighborhood as it provided food and lodging to explorers, trappers, Union soldiers, gold miners, salesmen, politicians, and pioneers traveling west on the Santa Fe, California, and Oregon Trails. During the Battle of Westport, in 1864, the hotel was used as the headquarters of the Union Army with General Curtis in command. The Harris House Hotel was torn down in 1922.
The Harris family lived in the Mansion House from 1855 to 1881.
The Kearney Family lived in the Mansion House from 1870 to 1898.
The Kearney's moved into the Harris House in 1870. They added on to the back of the home to accommodate their family of three daughters, one adopted daughter, and one son.
In 1898, William Rockhill Nelson, founder of The Kansas City Star, bought the property and gave it to Mr. and Mrs. Thomas W. Johnston, editor of The KC Star, as a wedding gift.
In 1921, Elmer Williams, a businessman, bought the Mansion House and wanted to demolish it and build a hotel. To prevent the demolition, in 1922, the home was purchased for $1,000, by a group of ladies who were forerunners of the Daughters of Old Westport. They raised another $5,000 to have the home moved to its current location at 4000 Baltimore Avenue. During the move, the side portico, at the west entrance, was permanently removed.
On December 31, 1922, the house opened as a historical museum, but was unprofitable and closed. In 1940, the house was sold in a public auction and acquired by a commercial developer. It was used as doctor and dentist offices and as office space, but this venture also failed.
In 1970, the house was taken over by the small business administration.
On Oct. 18, 1972, the Historic Harris-Kearney House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
The Westport Historical Society purchased the 1855 Harris-Kearney House in 1976. The Society raised money and restored the home to its 1855 appearance.
In 1985, the 1855 Harris-Kearney House Museum opened to the public and is operated as a 501(c)(3).
Modern day
The Westport Historical Society acquired the home and property in 1976 and restored the exterior to its pre-Civil War facade. In 1979, the society received a $10,000 grant to renovations The home was restored with period-appropriate furniture, bedding and antiques. Many items are from descendants of the Harris and Kearney families.
The museum is open for tours, private tours, weddings, meetings, and other events. Check the Society website www.westporthistorical.com for more information and calendar of events.
References
External links
Harris-Kearney House - Westport Historical Society
Greek Revival houses in Missouri
Houses completed in 1855
Houses in Kansas City, Missouri
Museums in Kansas City, Missouri
Historic house museums in Missouri |
67292803 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob%20Mitchell%20%28American%20football%29 | Bob Mitchell (American football) | Robert Stanley Mitchell (January 27, 1922 – July 17, 1997) was an American football player who played at the halfback, quarterback, and defensive back positions. He played college football for Stanford and professional football for the Los Angeles Dons.
Early years
Mitchell was born in 1922 in Turlock, California. He attended and played football at Turlock High School.
Military and college football
He played college football for Stanford from 1940 to 1943. He also served in the United States Navy.
Professional football
In April 1946, Mitchell signed to play professional football in the All-America Football Conference for the Los Angeles Dons. He played for the Dons from 1946 to 1948, appearing in 37 games.
Later years
He died in 1997 at age 75.
References
1922 births
1997 deaths
Los Angeles Dons players
Stanford Cardinal football players
Players of American football from California
People from Turlock, California
American football halfbacks
American football quarterbacks
United States Navy personnel of World War II |
2394355 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terry%20Murphy%20%28broadcaster%29 | Terry Murphy (broadcaster) | Terry Murphy is a television host and correspondent, best known for her nine years (1989–1998) anchoring the tabloid show Hard Copy and, since 2003, reporting for the entertainment show Extra. Previously, she was a news anchor at WLS-TV in Chicago (1976–1980), and at KNXT/KCBS-TV (1980–1984) and KABC-TV (1984–1987), both in Los Angeles; she later returned to KCBS (1987–1989) before moving on to Hard Copy. Terry Murphy also worked for WJBK-TV (CBS) Detroit in the early 1970s. She appeared in a natural acting role as herself, on Married... with Children in the episode "Shoeway to Heaven" (1994).
Personal life
Murphy, a native of Columbus, Ohio and a Delta Gamma alumnus, lives in Los Angeles and is the divorced mother of two sons. Graduated from the University of Cincinnati in 1972. She recently got remarried to Murray Levy, a former security officer for Nicolas Cage.
Terry was an active fundraiser in Big Bear Lake, CA, where she served as host for the March of Dimes Celebrity Ski Classic from 1993–1996. Terry had a second home there at the time, where her son, Justin Timsit, ski raced with the Snow Summit Race Team.
She was born Terry Chellis. Went to Bishop Hartley High in Columbus and was 1966 Miss Ohio.
External links
Living people
American television personalities
People from Columbus, Ohio
1948 births |
9583753 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cycling%20South%20Africa | Cycling South Africa | Cycling South Africa or Cycling SA is the national governing body of cycle racing in South Africa. Cycling SA is a member of the Confédération Africaine de Cyclisme and the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI). It is affiliated to the South African Sports Confederation and Olympic Committee (SASCOC), as well as the Department of Sport and Recreation SA. Cycling South Africa regulates the five major disciplines within the sport, both amateur and professional, which include: road cycling, mountain biking, BMX biking, track cycling and para-cycling.
Cycling South Africa’s “2020 Vision” strategy, to cater for both the elite cyclist as well as the everyday two- and three-wheel lovers, contributes to the organisation being a dynamic, successful and highly respected governing body of cycling, at both national and international level. Cycling South Africa is committed to transformation and development of the sport and making it accessible to all via its development programmes.
References
External links
Cycling South Africa official website
South Africa
Cycle racing organizations
Cycle racing in South Africa
Sports governing bodies in South Africa |
41691957 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meanings%20of%20minor%20planet%20names%3A%20358001%E2%80%93359000 | Meanings of minor planet names: 358001–359000 |
358001–358100
|-bgcolor=#f2f2f2
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|}
358101–358200
|-bgcolor=#f2f2f2
| colspan=4 align=center |
|}
358201–358300
|-bgcolor=#f2f2f2
| colspan=4 align=center |
|}
358301–358400
|-id=376
| 358376 Gwyn || || Stephen Gwyn (born 1968), an astronomer working for the Canadian Astronomy Data Centre ||
|}
358401–358500
|-bgcolor=#f2f2f2
| colspan=4 align=center |
|}
358501–358600
|-bgcolor=#f2f2f2
| colspan=4 align=center |
|}
358601–358700
|-id=675
| 358675 Bente || || Bente Vandenbussche (born 2014) is the daughter of Bart Vandenbussche, a colleague of Belgian discoverer Peter De Cat ||
|}
358701–358800
|-bgcolor=#f2f2f2
| colspan=4 align=center |
|}
358801–358900
|-id=894
| 358894 Demetrescu || || Gheorghe Demetrescu (1885–1969), a Romanian astronomer and mathematician ||
|}
358901–359000
|-bgcolor=#f2f2f2
| colspan=4 align=center |
|}
References
358001-359000 |
34402111 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dehnow%2C%20Khorramabad | Dehnow, Khorramabad | Dehnow, Khorramabad may refer to:
Deh Now, Khorramabad, a village in Khorramabad County, Lorestan Province, Iran
Dehnow, Dehpir, a village in Dehpir Rural District, Central District, Khorramabad County, Lorestan Province, Iran
Deh-e Now, Qaedrahmat, a village in Qaedrahmat Rural District, Zagheh District, Khorramabad County, Lorestan Province, Iran
Deh-e Now, Zagheh, a village in Zagheh Rural District, Zagheh District, Khorramabad County, Lorestan Province, Iran |
51458428 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1920%20Kansas%20State%20Wildcats%20football%20team | 1920 Kansas State Wildcats football team | The 1920 Kansas State Wildcats football team represented Kansas State Agricultural College in the 1920 college football season.
Schedule
References
Kansas State
Kansas State Wildcats football seasons
Kansas State Wildcats football |
44415953 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myanmar%20at%20the%202014%20Asian%20Beach%20Games | Myanmar at the 2014 Asian Beach Games | Myanmar will participate in the 2014 Asian Beach Games in Phuket, Thailand from 14 to 23 November 2014.
Medal summary
Medal by Sport
Medal by Date
External links
Official Site
References
Nations at the 2014 Asian Beach Games
2014
Asian Beach Games |
7005796 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyg%C3%A5rdsj%C3%B8en | Nygårdsjøen | Nygårdsjøen is a village area in the municipality of Gildeskål in Nordland county, Norway. Nygårdsjøen is located in the northern part of the municipality, close to the border with Bodø Municipality. The village lies along Norwegian County Road 17 on the east side of the Nordfjorden, just north of the entrance to the Beiar Fjord. Saura Church is located along the fjord on the west side of the village.
The village area of Nygårdsjøen includes several farm areas: Innervik, Skålsvik, Røsnes, Saura, Nygård, and Ertenvåg. There are about 270 people that live in Nygårdsjøen.
References
Gildeskål
Villages in Nordland
Populated places of Arctic Norway |
54386186 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saiko%20%28band%29 | Saiko (band) | Saiko is a Chilean synth-pop and pop rock band established in the late 1990s. Throughout their career they have achieved great notoriety in the musical Chilean scene, largely due to the charisma, image and voice of their vocalist, Denisse Malebrán, and the musical talent and experience of Rodrigo "Coti" Aboitiz and Luciano Rojas, both former members and founders of the Chilean group La Ley. To date they have released seven studio albums: Informe Saiko (1999), Campos finitos (2001), Todo Saiko (2003), Las horas (2004), Volar (2007), Trapecio (2013) and Lengua Muerta (2017).
History
In 1998, musician Luciano Rojas left the band La Ley and met Rodrigo Aboitiz, another former member of the band in Mexico City with the intention of creating a new musical project. Both musicians returned to Santiago, Chile where they joined with Iván Delgado other musician who was part of the band La Ley in its beginnings, perform a casting to hire a female singer to form a new band, the selected is the singer Denisse Malebrán, who had studies of singing, and formed Part of the emerging bands Turbomente and Polaroid.
Discography
Studio albums:
1999: Informe Saiko
2001: Campos Finitos
2004: Las Horas
2007: Volar
2013: Trapecio
2017: Lengua Muerta
Live albums:
2006: Saiko Blondie 2005
2017: Sigo Quemando Infinitos
Compilation albums:
2003: Todo Saiko
Members
Current members
Denisse Malebrán – frontwoman (1999–2007, 2012–present)
Luciano Rojas – bass, guitar (1999–present)
Mauricio Claveria - drums, percussion (2019–present)
Former members
Iván Delgado – keyboards (1999–2002)
Javier Torres – drums, percussion (2004–2011)
Esteban Torres – bass (2004–2011)
Jorge Martínez – bass (2004–2005)
Marcela Castro Thais – frontwoman (2007–2012)
Paulo Ahumada – guitar (2012–2016)
Rodrigo Aboitiz – synthesizer (1999–2003, 2012–2016)
Roberto Bosch – drums, percussion (2012–2019)
Carlos Azócar – guitar (2016–2019)
Chronology
References
External links
Rock en Español music groups
Chilean rock music groups
Musical groups established in 1998 |
23728493 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West%20Wycombe%20railway%20station | West Wycombe railway station | West Wycombe railway station was a railway station that served the village of West Wycombe, Buckinghamshire Situated about east of the village the station opened in 1862 and closed in 1958. Minutes of the Wycombe Railway state that construction of West Wycombe station in 1862 cost £430 8s 8d, , with additional general works at £417 8s 8d, .
In the late 1980s, the then operator of the Chiltern Lines Network SouthEast suggested reopening West Wycombe station in order to ease the peak hour congestion at the main High Wycombe station. However, no detailed plans were ever published, and there has been no further suggestion of reopening the station by the current operator, the Arriva owned Chiltern Railway. Chiltern Railway has invested heavily in both infrastructure and rolling stock for the Chiltern group of lines.
History
West Wycombe original station was an intermediate station on the Wycombe Railway and opened on 1 August 1862. The station was provided with a single platform and a station building of typical Wycombe Railway design which was repeated exactly at Princes Risborough and Wheatley, although other stations Cookham, Marlow Road, Wooburn Green, Loudwater and Bledlow had the same design with an additional crossing keeper's house attached.
West Wycombe station was rebuilt in 1906 and provided with a new two platform station. There are a number of photographs of both the original Wycombe railway stations taken by SWA Newton.
The Wycombe Railway had reached (then known simply as Wycombe) on 1 August 1854; on 1 August 1862, it was extended to . The line between High Wycombe and was upgraded, doubled and transferred to the new Great Western and Great Central Joint Railway, the improved line coming into use on 2 April 1906.
Passenger services were withdrawn from West Wycombe on 3 November 1958. The line remains active, and plans for reopening the station have been discussed. A reopened station would serve the extensive western suburbs of High Wycombe.
This station has now been demolished and now has a coach car park and flats built on some of the land.
Routes
Notes
References
External links
The station on navigable 1946 O. S. map
Photograph of station circa 1905
Disused railway stations in Buckinghamshire
Former Great Western and Great Central Joint Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1862
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1958
1862 establishments in Scotland |
69906913 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%20Nigerien%20local%20elections | 2020 Nigerien local elections | Local elections were held on 13 December 2020 in the 266 municipalities of Niger.
References
2020 in Niger
December 2020 events in Africa
2020 elections in Africa
Local elections in Niger |
18057312 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans%20Christian%20Steffensen | Hans Christian Steffensen | Hans Christian Steffensen (22 December 1837 – 4 September 1912) was a Danish politician, jurist and speaker of the Landsting, a chamber of the parliament.
He was an elected member of the Folketing from 1879 to 1881 and a royally appointed member of the Landsting from 1888, representing the conservative party Højre until 1900 when he was one of nine Højre-members of the Landsting who left the party in a protest against the government's duty and tax reforms and formed the conservative group De Frikonservative in 1902.
Steffensen was Højre's spokesman on the extensive 1895 reform of the order of business of the Landsting, and he was speaker of the Landsting from 1907 to 1909.
Notes
References
Friis, M. P. (1902). "Steffensen, Hans Christian" in C. F. Bricka (ed.) Dansk Biografisk Lexikon tillige omfattende Norge for Tidsrummet 1537–1814. XVI. bind, Skarpenberg — Sveistrup. Copenhagen: Gyldendal, pp. 358–60.
Engelstoft, P. (1926). "Steffensen, Hans Christian" in Dahl, Svend; Engelstoft, P. (eds.) Dansk Biografisk Haandleksikon, tredje bind. Copenhagen: Gyldendal, p. 467.
Møller, Jens (1949). "Tingenes forretningsordener" in Fabricius, Knud; Frisch, Hartvig; Hjelholt, Holger; Mackeprang, M.; Møller, Andr. (eds.) Den Danske Rigsdag 1849–1949. Bind IV: Rigsdagens arbejdsmåde. Copenhagen: J. H. Schultz forlag.
1837 births
1912 deaths
Danish jurists
Members of the Folketing
Speakers of the Landsting (Denmark) |
44937685 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agapanthia%20nitidipennis | Agapanthia nitidipennis | Agapanthia nitidipennis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Holzschuh in 1984.
References
nitidipennis
Beetles described in 1984 |
40497616 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alchalu | Alchalu | Alchalu (, also Romanized as Ālchālū) is a village in Chahardangeh Rural District, Hurand District, Ahar County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 28, in 5 families.
References
Populated places in Ahar County |
57080316 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheridan%20Mountain | Sheridan Mountain | Sheridan Mountain is a mountain located in the Catskill Mountains of New York north-northwest of Phoenicia. Fork Ridge is located southwest, and Romer Mountain is located south of Sheridan Mountain.
References
Mountains of Ulster County, New York
Mountains of New York (state) |
33032147 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big%20Brother%20%28Australian%20season%209%29 | Big Brother (Australian season 9) | Big Brother Australia 2012, also known as Big Brother 9, was the ninth season of the Australian reality television series, Big Brother. It was the first to air on the Nine Network who signed a deal with Southern Star Group in September 2011 to broadcast the show. The season began with a pre-recorded launch show on 13 August 2012. Benjamin Norris was announced the winner of the ninth season on 7 November 2012, making him the first openly gay person to win Big Brother Australia. Benjamin proposed to his boyfriend, also named Ben, during the show's finale.
This season introduced Sonia Kruger as the new host of Big Brother. Mike Goldman continued his role of providing voice over narration for the show. The production was based at the same compound, located within the Dreamworld theme park, that had been used in all previous series of Big Brother Australia.
Production
After four years off air, the Nine Network confirmed on 9 September 2011 that they had signed a contract with Southern Star Group to air the series in 2012; the first time a broadcaster other than Network Ten has broadcast the show in Australia. In September 2011, when the location of the Big Brother compound had not yet been officially confirmed, Queensland Premier Anna Bligh stated that she would do everything possible to see the show return to the Gold Coast. A spokesperson from Dreamworld, the original home of Big Brother, stated on 21 September 2011 that nothing was locked in but that the theme park would welcome the return of the show. In December 2011, The Daily Telegraph reported that Fox Studios Australia and Warner Bros. Movie World had also expressed interest. In an interview ahead of the season launch, Kruger suggested that Big Brother would be family friendly and air at 7.00 pm.
Several days after the news Big Brother was to return, Southern Star Group announced on their casting website that they would be accepting pre-audition applications for people who were interested in participating on the season. The official Facebook page for the show, as directed to by the Southern Star website, was opened on 15 September 2011. On 22 February 2012, it was officially announced that Big Brother would return to Dreamworld in 2012. Auditions began on 15 March, and took place in all major capital cities, as well as Gold Coast, in April and May 2012. More than twenty thousand people applied to be on the ninth season. The Official Big Brother Australia website reported that 14 housemates would be entering the house after going into lockdown on 4 August.
Format
Big Brother Australia is based on the international Big Brother series produced by Endemol in the Netherlands which began in 1999. The show's name comes from George Orwell's novel Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949), which revolves around a dystopia in which dictator Big Brother is the all-seeing leader. The series generally constitutes 14 or more contestants who live in an isolated house for several months. Housemates are at all times under the control of Big Brother, a rule enforcing authority figure who monitors behaviour of the housemates, sets tasks and punishments and provides the mechanism for contestants to make external requests. Each week, the housemates will cast votes to nominate two other housemates for eviction using five nomination points inside the Nominations Room. These points can be allocated however a housemate wishes (either 4 points to one housemate and 1 point to another; or 3 points to one and 2 points to another). Housemates are not permitted to discuss nominations. The three (or more in the case of a tie) housemates with the most nomination votes will be nominated. The viewers will then decide which of the nominees is evicted. This process continues until only one housemate remains to win the grand prize of $250,000.
This season each of the original fourteen housemates entered with a secret. The task in the first week was for the female housemates to match up the male housemates with their secrets. The secrets were that: one has the IQ of a genius (Michael), one became scared of birds after an emu attack (Bradley), one has been fired from every job he's ever had (Benjamin), one hasn't had a girlfriend since he was 11 (Ryan), one was a juvenile offender (Ray), one has dated more than 100 women (Josh), and one is a multimillionaire (George). The following week the girl's secrets were revealed for the male members of the house to solve. The secrets were that: one had Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (Charne), one was a champion weightlifter (Angie), one is a high school dropout (Estelle), one was a nude protester (Sarah), one used to be an emo (Zoe), one was a hand model (Stacey) and that one is a member of a royal family (Layla).
The House
The purpose-built house was located at Dreamworld on the Gold Coast, Australia.
Rooms/Areas in the house included:
Diary Room
Nominations Room
HMAS BB/ "Captain's Quarters" (the Rewards Room) – Housemates were granted access to "The Captain's Quarters" along with a sauna and a pool as a reward for winning the "Captain's Challenge". They were able to invite along one housemate of their choice.
Backyard
Living room
Kitchen/dining area
The utility room, a regularly renovated room that has been used as six separate rooms:
The parlour
The man-cave
A cafe
A Switzerland-style room.
Also, the hallway to the utility room was used as part of "The Factory" task.
A zen temple
Bedroom, along with storage shelves to store the housemates' possessions
Bathroom
Secret executive bathroom, accessed via a secret door in the bedroom disguised as a shelf
Gym and fitness area
"The Naughty Corner" – A small room that housemates were sent to if they had broken the house rules (such as excessive swearing or talking without a microphone). Fellow housemates were able to see into the room via a window that could change from being opaque to transparent. On Day 71, Estelle was called the nicest housemate, and thus got to go into the revamped corner, now called 'The Nice Corner.'
Outdoor entertainment complex/outdoor pizza oven
The house contained rolling cameras hidden behind one-way mirrors which had been situated around the house walls. This was done so that camera operators did not roll cameras around the house.
Housemates
On launch night, ten housemates (seven women and three men) entered the house on Day 0. The seven women first entered through a room called the parlour for a secret task, but later entered the house. Two more male housemates entered the house on Day 2, two via a live special, and two more revealed on the next day's show. After Week 5's and Week 6's nominations, a female and male intruder entered the house. Ava entered on Day 29, and Sam entered on Day 36. Unlike the original fourteen housemates, no intruders are keeping a secret in the house.
Weekly summary and highlights
On Day 0, Michael, Sarah, Angie, Zoe, Layla, Josh, Charne, Estelle, Stacey and Bradley entered the Big Brother house. The women all entered through the parlour, while the men entered through the main entrance. A special secret task was given to the female housemates entering the parlour on Day 0. They must match up seven secrets to the seven male housemates throughout the week. The female housemates can only discuss these secrets inside the parlour. To ensure immunity for the first week, all of the secrets must be matched correctly without the males knowing. After the task announcement, all the females entered the House.
On Day 2, George and Ryan entered the House. The women watched them enter from the parlour on the television screens. Benjamin and Ray, the final two male Housemates, entered during the late hours of Day 2. Shortly after entering the house, Ray was sent to the "naughty corner" for calling Big Brother an inappropriate name. He had to write the term "I must not call Big Brother naughty names" fifty times on a chalkboard and after writing many lines he wrote "I must not call Big Brother naughty names 50 times", thinking this would get him out of the penalty sooner.
On Day 3, housemates were set their first weekly task that kept them on their toes. Throughout the day, housemates had to dance to music being played by Big Brother to pass.
Upon passing the task on Day 4 at 1:15 pm, housemates were given a new gym and a generous food budget.
On Day 5, Bradley celebrated his 19th Birthday with Big Brother organising a surprise Superheroes party for him. Bradley was given a Batman costume with B-Rad written on it. While Big Brother distracted Bradley in the Diary Room, the other housemates got dressed up as superheroes and set up the backyard for the party. Later that night Ryan and Estelle were seen sleeping together and kissing. Ryan talked about it briefly the next day but Stacey told him to not tell Bradley.
On Day 7, the girls were asked to correctly match the seven secrets with the seven male housemates. The females were given four "lives" or chances but failed to guess all seven correctly. This means the male housemates will be immune from Day 8's nominations. As soon as the females had finished guessing, Big Brother announced that the Parlour was no more and the males were invited to the "Man Cave", the newly renovated Parlour. Upon entering, the males were told by Big Brother that like them, each female housemate had a secret. The task for the week would be to correctly match each secret with each female housemate. Correctly matching the secrets would mean automatic immunity for all male housemates at the following week's nominations.
On Day 8, Housemates learned they would have a total of five nomination points, to divide between two women. It was revealed later that night that Charne had received the most votes, with Estelle and Layla behind her. These were the three nominees for the week. Housemates were also given their weekly task this day called the Road Trip Task. They would have to complete a 3627 kilometre trip in a motorbike and side-car. Success will give housemates a luxury food budget. That afternoon while Michael is cleaning the fish tank, he hears a voice (Big Brother) who claims to be Surly, the fish in the tank. Surly gives Michael the task of hugging each housemate within 10 minutes, without them realising something is going on. Michael completes the task, returns to the bathroom, and Surly tells Michael to go into the Bedroom and "find the multi-coloured spiral ornament on the back wall. Grab hold of it and turn it slowly, a quarter turn to the right to be precise". Michael follows the instructions and inside is the Secret Executive Bathroom. It has a bath, shower, champagne, bath soaps and dressing gowns. Michael enjoys a bath before returning to the house.
On Day 14, the men failed to match the women's secrets, thus giving the women immunity from nominations for the week. They were only allowed three strikes, as they had broken part of the rules for the task. During the live eviction, Charne was the first evicted Housemate. She received 24% of the public vote to save. Estelle received 27% of the public vote to stay, and Layla received 49%.
On Day 21, the nominees of the week risked eviction in the closest voting tally in the Australian series. With 32% of the public vote, Ryan was the second housemate to be evicted from the Big Brother House. Benjamin narrowly escaped eviction with 33%, and Bradley with 35%. Ryan was given a final influence to the housemates called the "Nominations Super Power". He gave the power to Estelle, giving her a mystery advantage for the next round of nominations. Before the end of the eviction, Sonia slipped a fake twist to cause paranoia into the House. She sneaked a line after talking to the real House that there is a House 2 who just finished their eviction. In reality, there is no House 2 and there are only actors pretending to be another set of housemates.
On Day 28, the eviction was clear-cut with Sarah being the third housemate to be evicted. Sarah gave her "Nominations Super Power" to Benjamin. Sarah was given 18% of votes to save, Bradley was given 32% and Ray was given 50% of votes to save. The next day intruder Ava was entered into the house.
On Day 29, housemates must act as animals in the Big Brother wildlife documentary. The housemates wake to find the backyard has been done up like a jungle. A new Big Brother voice – "The Narrator", who sounds like David Attenborough, addresses the housemates. "You are all about to become animals starring in the Big Brother wildlife documentary. This week we will observe you as you struggle to survive within the confines of the Big Brother house." HMs must keep up with The Narrator during the task to pass. Josh is told of the secret intruder and is set a secret mission on the basis of it.
On Day 30, the new lately intruder Ava is introduced into the house. Josh hits on her like mad and the Angie/Josh/Estelle triangle gets weirder and weirder.
On Day 32, the housemates are infuriated at Estelle for keeping them from getting to know the new intruder. Ava does not give a good impression when housemates are forced to give up their luxury items for her.
On Day 33, housemates joke that Ava and Estelle are becoming a lesbian couple. Angie is not handling her potential eviction very well.
On Day 34, housemates have a trivia night, but sore loser George's behaviour causes all HMs to be punished.George breaks the white board and then is punished for this.
On Day 35, Ray is evicted from the Big Brother House. Josh and Ava take their relationship to the physical level with a long pash session in the pool.
On Day 37, the girls speed date new intruder Sam, who enters and mixes up the guys. Layla re-evaluates her friendship with Angie and begins to dislike her.
On Day 39, a game of truth or date ends in a huge fight between Angie and Layla. Sam leaves a hickey on Angie's neck and later she demands to be let out of the house.
On Day 40, Layla and Angie make up after their fight last night. Bradley is given a makeover by Big Brother and Michael does a nudie run.
On Day 41, Ben comes up with a new term for everyone in the house – "meepers".
On Day 42, George is evicted. Sam gets worried that his "fun" with Layla will cause jealousy and conflict in the house.
On Day 44, Delilah, the dog, enters the house as the "17th housemate". Surly is upset at the new-found attention to Delilah.
On Day 45, housemates continue to party while Sam unknowingly works in the Big Brother factory. Ben receives a secret tasks via a mobile phone.
On Day 46, Sam finds out this week's task has been a sham. Michael gets new hair rollers for Layla while Josh and Ava get even closer.
On Day 48, there had been no eviction on this night, as the NRL Finale was broadcast. This also left housemates questioning as to why there was no eviction, with theories that a natural disaster had occurred outside of the house.
On Day 49, housemates must accept misleading deals from Big Brother for their weekly task, and spend $1,000 by accomplishing these tasks. Confusion reigns when the normal Sunday eviction does not take place.
On Day 50, Sam expresses his dislike of Bradley. The housemates reject a meat-based task offer because Ava is a vegetarian.
On Day 51, Ava is evicted and the 'real Josh' returns to the house.
On Day 53, Angie feels on the outer with all of the housemates. Layla discovers her relationship with Sam is moving into friendship territory.
On Day 54, housemates discuss the logistics of Sam fitting into the house.
On Day 55, Sam and Layla's relationship deteriorates further when he jokes about kissing her friends.
On Day 56, Bradley is evicted.
On Day 57, Nominations begins again! This time Josh has the superpower of correctly guessing which housemates are nominating who. With his correct guesses, he receives superpower points to help him nominate. Josh's point tally is eight in total.
On Day 58, Big Brother left the building for some time. He returned and issued all housemates that they have broken some clear rules and are not penalised for this but given a warning for next time.
On Day 59, the weekly task continued. Layla won a new Holden Volt after versing against Benjamin and Angie on a Big Brother quiz. The Blue team have won the Kitchen and the Red team have won the bedroom. This night also introduced the new Switzerland Alps room where the one member from each team could only be allowed to talk.
On Day 60, Josh withdrew from the competition after receiving some tragic personal news from his parents on the night of Day 59. It has been announced by Big Brother that the Red/Blue task in the House has been cancelled and Live Updates from the Big Brother House on the program website and social media accounts have been paused for the day. There will be no Big Brother Eviction this Sunday night; instead Big Brother will show extended footage from the weekend and celebrate Josh's time in the House. From Monday, Live Nominations will continue as scheduled.
On Day 61, the housemates first find out about the cancelled eviction. Estelle can hardly contain herself. Angie is also quietly elated. Sam, well, Sam shows no emotion- as usual. They are told the game returns to normal on Monday but Big Brother words it odd- as if next week's process could be altered. Benjamin is actually very upset about all this, saying he would be devastated if he went before any of the other three. He does not think "they" bitch about them as much as they think before calling them deluded psychos. Michael reads out the instructions to a task- to act out a live sitcom! They have to re-enact important times from the house. A laugh track is played in the house every time Big Brother is amused. Josh's farewell message is then played after this event happened.
On Day 62, the housemates are in the backyard. Angie and Layla discuss how they love to think the relationships they enter will end in a fairy-tale. Benjamin calls Sam a combination of Ryan, George and Ray. Michael, Benjamin and Stacey seem to have formed an alliance against the "Meepers" (Sam, Layla, Estelle and Angie). They are outnumbered! For clarification, a
"meeper" is someone who starts a mindless conversation for no good reason. Josh gives Michael the Nominations Super Power.
On Day 63, Angie, Benjamin, Estelle, Layla, Sam and Zoe are all up for eviction. Another Challenge was sprung against the housemates that they would have to look after an 11-year-old boy named Jed for one week.
On Day 64, The house is a mess and Layla is complaining about it in the diary room. The other housemates relax outside and talk about how Layla, or her alter ego Shaniqua, has taken over the kitchen. We then meet Big Baby... and its wonderful nursery. Housemates are told about the task. Everytime she cries, housemates have 30 seconds for two of them to be by her side and comfort her. The housemates soon find out that the baby can burp, soil its nappy... and vomit!
On Day 65, Big Baby is crying and Michael and Benjamin go to tend to it. It is "Father's Day" in the house. The girls must cook for the men. Big Baby continues to keep the housemates at bay for the rest of the morning. Michael and Angie talk about Estelle's weirdness. Estelle is outside making two swan statues kiss! They also talk about Sam. Sam and Estelle also have a little "conversation" of their own! Big Brother seems to get bored of Michael and Angie's conversation and interrupts it by telling them their job with Big Baby (they are currently in the nursery) is finished. Layla and Angie are called to the diary room. There are a couple of uniforms for them to wear. Big Brother has decided that it is time Layla became a true blue Australian. Angie must be her coach. Layla then passes her test and Benjamin is dressed up as a fairy for Big Baby.
On Day 66, Angie is struggling with her new sugar-free diet. Estelle and Layla later go help out Big Baby in its morning routine. Yesterday was Father's Day. Today is Mother's Day! The girls take Big Baby to mother's group. The boys wonder how the girls are all still here. In mother's group, the girls talk about loving and loving themselves. Zoe says she does not love herself, but is starting to. Meanwhile, Benjamin talks about his experience sitting next to Meryl Streep in a cinema. It is time for the captain's quarters challenge. Outside, waiting for the housemates, is a makeshift laundry with dirty clothes and pegs. But this challenge is all about the pegs- the housemate with the most pegs on their face by the end of one-minute wins. The winner, with 22 pegs is... ANGIE! She takes Stacey with her! Benjamin is OK about losing, saying he is happy Stacey got to go in. Stacey and Angie enjoy the room. Benjamin comes to the diary room to tell Big Brother he is having a bad day as he is the last person to not have gone into the captain's quarters despite being a previous peg face champion!
On Day 67, Delilah is trying to wake Michael up. Zoe's Pumbaa doll is still missing and Benjamin and Estelle start the day on rocky ground. Sam must have told Benjamin that he stole Pumba because Benjamin knows. Angie and Stacey are waking up to their final day in the captain's quarters. Benjamin, despite never winning a captain's quarters challenge and getting all stroppy about it yesterday, wants today to be positive. He is in the diary room confirming his feelings yesterday was because he never seems to win at anything. It is time for the results of this week's task! They have passed this week's task!
On Day 68, it is a Friday. Layla and Sam are obviously getting close. They talk about each other in the diary room before requesting a date. Big Brother needs to stop being a push-over! Layla and Sam's date request is fulfilled with a candlelit dinner for two in the bedroom! Safe to say Benjamin is a little touchy over this. Oh well; Layla and Sam agree he is their least favourite housemate.
On Day 69, Zoe is given a very special remote. She is able to pause, rewind, fast-forward and/or mute her fellow housemates. Stacey is called to the naughty corner for singing songs. Her punishment is to dress up as a clown. It is more of a punishment for Layla, who has a fear of clowns.
On Day 70, Angie is evicted. Over the following week, the housemates are assigned a task to ignore "unwelcome guests", including ordinary people and housemates from past series and even the present (such as Ray), who try to provoke the current housemates. They eventually fail the task after numerous times where the dog, Delilah, jumped up on intruders and sat on their laps. After Angie was evicted and then they had to say goodbye to another housemate Jed. After being in the house for a week and having the time of his life, Jed had to leave but before that he got to decide if the housemates had past their second challenge. Jed decided that the housemates passed.
On Day 71, Housemates will nominate for the final time. However, their friends and family will help them out with it!
On Day 72, Mike Goldman is narrating... inside the house! Later, Layla is forced to clean Delilah's doggy box. All of a sudden, BB04's Ryan Fitzgerald enters the house. He pretends to be annoyed that everyone is ignoring him. He begins to give Layla and Sam a hard time. It has been a while since Fitzy came to visit. The housemates are chilling in the backyard. Oh, Mike Goldman returns... with BB01's Pete Timbs. He is followed by BB02's Nathan Morris. And all of a sudden, here comes the winner of Big Brother 2003, Regina! BB04 winner Trevor and his brother-from-another-mother Paul come to cause a stir. BB05's Vesna and Tim also enter.
On Day 73, There is a set of letterboxes in the backyard with letters to be delivered to each housemate. Sam has been told he has been invited to the temple, yet another incarnation of the parlour. Zoe meanwhile receives a clean-up notice from the Big Brother council. When Michael begins to clean the bathroom, we see just how disgusting it is. I am almost bloody vomiting here! No unwelcome guests have yet entered...until now when Goldilocks and the three bears come for breakfast.
On Day 74, housemates are woken up early for the Today weather bulletin as part of the "ignore the unwelcome guests" task. Meanwhile, Stacey goes to the diary room to see it has been trashed by a "ninja's party". A drunken ninja is asleep on the couch. He scares the hell out of Stacey! Afterwards, it becomes clear these guys have failed the task. They get the results: it is a FAIL. But before that, some big panda offering free hugs comes in. They all had fun regardless. Later, Layla thinks Benjamin's jacket has been invented to get people to save him. Meanwhile, Benjamin and Stacey talk about Layla outside. They then begin to talk about being nominated. Layla admits she can no longer look at Benjamin.
On Day 75, Sam and Estelle are working out, and it looks heated; but in a way Layla may not be happy with. It looks like its Sam doing the flirting with Estelle, but in the bedroom later, Zoe and Layla blame Estelle for being the flirty one. Later, Sam and Layla discuss how jealous Benjamin is over their relationship. Big Brother challenges the housemates to a running race with housemates aiming for the lowest lap time around the pool. Big Brother is in a nice mood. He sends Sam and Estelle to the nice corner. There is a nice pamper pack waiting for them. Layla is... having a good time watching this. She goes to Big Brother later on to tell him how she feels about the whole thing.
On Day 76, Big Brother has a letter for Michael. He has got a Thai dinner for two! Who will he take? It seems it is between Stacey and Estelle. He takes Estelle as Stacey is detoxing. Zoe seems very annoyed at Estelle's actions. After eating their Thai, they retire to the garden lounges for alone time. Zoe goes to join them.
On Day 77, Stacey is evicted, with Estelle receiving the most votes to save anyone in the series so far. Sonia reveals that the public will now vote for housemates to win, and those with the fewest accumulated votes for them to win will be evicted over the final 10 days.
On Day 78, the housemates have been hiding a few secrets; as has Big Brother. Tonight; they're going to do a trade with Big Brother. To gain valuable information, they're going to have to dish out juicy information about themselves! Sonia reveals that housemates will be tempted by news they want to hear. If they take it, they will have their own secrets aired to the house. Later on, it is time for their last weekly task. Based on the BBFM task a few weeks ago, and a BBTV task used in Celebrity Big Brother UK earlier this year, housemates must partake in various television projects in the goal to be entertaining.
On Day 79, it is the spookiest night of the year and for the first time in Big Brother history, Halloween befalls the house! What spine-tingling consequences will it bring? It is the wee hours of the morning and a ghost walks through the house to spook the housemates.
On Day 80, Estelle and Michael seem to be snogging together. Estelle finally leaves his bed and returns to her own. Housemates awaken for fifteen minutes of hot water. Zoe admits she woke up in fits of rage when trying to find Estelle and where she was sleeping. Benjamin then tells the girls that this is not the first time Estelle has been in his bed. The incident continues to be the talk of the morning. Benjamin is later shocked to find out he has just revealed privileged information given to him by Michael. Ben also wins the final captains challenge.
On Day 81, the housemates in the captain's quarters wake up for breakfast. It is a beautiful spread. The housemates are all soon reunited in the main house. Estelle is all over Michael again. Zoe continues to go on about it in the lounge with Benjamin. It is the final program for BBTV. And guess what: it is the world news! They have to speak the news in their respective languages. Task results: PASSED! Benjamin and Michael are allowed to go to the nice corner. The girls have a girl session in the back yard. Nothing too interesting. Layla thinks Zoe called her a man eater. The guys talk strategy. Benjamin and Michael leave the nice corner. Michael comes to the diary room to tell Big Brother he likes Estelle. Maybe after her last eviction save, he is latching onto her? Popularity? He is a genius after all! Estelle and Michael then spend some quality time in bed together.
On Day 84, Delilah is given a new family and Sam is evicted.
On Day 85, Michael and Zoe were evicted, leaving Benjamin, Estelle and Layla fighting to win.
On Day 87: The Finale, Estelle was evicted, placing third place and was awarded $5,000 (AU) dollars from KFC. Second place went to Layla. She won $10,000 (AU) dollars and also received the keys to a Holden Volt she previously won in a weekly challenge.
First place went to Benjamin and he won $250,000 (AU) dollars and a brand new Holden Cruze. He also proposed with a diamond to his boyfriend, also named Ben.
Josh's departure
On Day 59, Josh was called to the Captains Quarters, where he was taken out of the house to see his parents. They told him of the sudden death of his only sibling, Toby. Josh spent the night outside of the house, where he made the decision to stay with his family and not return to the house.
On Day 60, housemates were informed of the situation, and said their goodbyes in the early hours of Day 60. Out of respect for Josh and his family, Big Brother turned the cameras off for these goodbyes. As a result of Josh leaving, voting lines for eviction were closed—with any votes cast prior being invalidated—and the funds donated to the Salvation Army; a choice by Josh and his family. Also, the weekly challenge was ended prematurely and live feeds from the official website were paused. The upcoming eviction was also canceled, instead replaced with Josh's return to say thank you to the public for their support which was followed by the routinely used 'highlights' show.
Nominations table
This series, housemates were allowed to distribute five nomination points between their two nominations, with a maximum of four points to be allocated to one housemate. The three or more housemates with the most votes face the public vote to save. In addition, nominations are now held in a sound-proof chamber inside a Nominations Room, as opposed to the Diary Room.
Nominations Super Power
From Week 4 to Week 11, the Nominations Super Power was as a weekly twist to nominations. It was a special secret power given to a chosen housemate by a previous week's evictee. The Nominations Super Power gives an advantage to one housemate for nominations in a given week. The most recent evictee decides on which housemate they would like to have the power, without knowing what that power is.
In Week 4's nominations, Estelle was able to view the current nominations tally as it stood before she cast her vote.
In Week 5's nominations, Benjamin was given two sets of five nomination points to distribute for the week, giving him the power to distribute ten points over four housemates.
In Week 6's nominations, George was given the right to view the nominations tally board as the housemates nominated, and saw the points distributed on the board as they changed and swapped. He was also given the right to select one housemate of his choice and get rid of the nomination. The two people they nominated points were removed from the board
In Week 7's nominations, Layla was only permitted to give one nomination (for 6 points) but it could be for any reason at all.
In Week 8's nominations, Estelle was given the opportunity to listen in on the nominations of two housemates, thus influencing her subsequent nominations.
In Week 9's nominations, Josh was given the opportunity to win up to 16 nomination points to nominate as many housemates as he wished; he had to guess who each housemate would nominate and for every correct guess he would receive one point.
In Week 10's nominations, Michael was given the opportunity to select someone's nominations, cancel them out and replace them with exactly the same as his.
In Week 11, Layla was the Final Housemate to nominate and was able to view the nominations tally before she voted. Additionally, she had full control over her points (whether to nominate regularly in a 3/2 or 4/1 vote allocation, or just one person with all 5 points). Additionally, she was able to talk with her father (as the "Open House" task did not apply to the Diary Room, where she cast her vote) who could give Layla advice about her nominations.
Note: The housemate holding the superpower, each week it was in play, is marked in green.
Notes
: The female housemates were set a secret task to potentially earn immunity for the second week. They had to match up the seven given secrets to the seven male housemates who entered the house throughout the week. If all seven secrets were correctly matched to the correct male, all the female housemates would be immune. The females failed to match up the secrets, and therefore were the only ones who could be nominated in Week 2.
: Right after the reveal of the males' secrets, the male housemates were set a secret task to potentially earn immunity for the third week. They were to match up seven given secrets to the seven female housemates throughout the week. If all seven secrets were correctly matched to the correct female, all the male housemates would be immune for the second straight week. On the night of the first live eviction, the males failed the task, making the females immune for the third week in the Big Brother house.
: Because of scheduling conflicts with the network's airing of the NRL Grand Final, Week 7's eviction took place on Day 51 instead of Day 49.
: This week's nominations contained a compulsory strategic vote, in which one nomination from each housemate had to be for strategic reasons. In addition, Big Brother set a new rule: housemates were no longer allowed to cover their mouths while in the Chamber; Big Brother would force them to open the Chamber door and state their nominations for everyone to hear if this rule was broken.
: Josh walked out of the Big Brother House on Day 60 due to a personal emergency. After his departure, voting lines were terminated – with the funds from the votes going to a charity of Josh's choice – and the eviction was canceled. The eviction was replaced with a live special celebrating Josh's time in the House. The Housemates nominated for the cancelled eviction (Angie, Estelle and Sam) remained nominated for the next eviction, with a new round of Nomination Voting adding at least three more nominees for eviction (between Michael, Benjamin, Zoe, Stacey and Layla).
: Week 11's nominations were the final nominations of the season. However, friends and family of the housemates – who entered the house as part of the "Open House" task – would perform the second nomination, nominating with one point, whereas the housemate themselves (apart from Layla, per her Nomination Super Power) had to nominate one housemate for four points. They were separated during the nominations process, with the relatives sitting in the lounge and called into the nominations room (and chamber) after their housemate had voted. Housemates sat in the nominations room as normal, and were instructed to "ignore" their loved one upon their entry, lest they risk failing their weekly shopping task.
: Following Week 11's eviction on Day 77, the public began voting for the winner. On Day 84, the lines froze for a vote reading; having garnered the fewest votes to win, Sam was evicted. In a twist, Big Brother revealed the percentage of "win" votes each housemate garnered, so as to give viewers a hint as to who may win and who may be evicted. On Day 85, the first and only double eviction of the season took place; Zoe and Michael were evicted, having garnered the fewest votes to win.
Special shows
Throughout the series, some of the shows aired as specials; apart from the launch, daily shows, nomination shows, eviction shows, and the final.
Live Special
"Live Special" was a live daily show that was broadcast on Day 2 in which the final four male housemates entered the House. Two were revealed live (George and Ryan), and two were revealed on the next day's daily show.
A second Live Special was broadcast on Day 63 to replace what was supposed to be the eighth eviction of the season, but was cancelled due to the sudden departure of housemate Josh on Day 60. Along with the regular highlights from the past few days, there was also clips reminiscing about Josh's time in the house.
The New Housemates
"The New Housemates" was a live daily show that was broadcast on Day 3
Secrets Revealed Live
"Secrets Revealed Live" was a live show that was broadcast on Day 7. The parlour twist was revealed to all the housemates, and the female housemates had to correctly match all the males' secrets without failing four times. The females failed to match the final secrets belonging to Benjamin and George, and so the females were to risk being nominated for Week 2. After the task, the male housemates were set the same task for the new week, and began to evaluate the females' secrets in the renovated parlour called the man cave.
Live Nominations 4 / Intruder Alert
The "4th Live Nominations" was the nomination and intruder special that was broadcast on Day 29.
Intruder Incoming
"Intruder Incoming" was a live daily show that was broadcast on Day 37
Live Josh Special
"Live Josh Special" was a live special where instead of an eviction that was broadcast on Day 63.
Little Sister Special
"Big Brother's Little Sister" were two special episodes broadcast on Day 65 and 79 where Big Brother's "Little Sister" asked the housemates questions sent in by the viewers.
Big Secrets
"Big Secrets" was a live daily show that was broadcast on Day 78
Ratings
The launch ratings for this season were up significantly from 2008 as the opening night show reached 2.1 million viewers at its peak and averaged at 1.6 million viewers, the franchise's highest ratings since the 2003 series.
Ratings are rounded to the nearest ten thousand. Shows on GO! are not included in official averages. Figures in bold include consolidated viewing figures.
References
External links
Official website
2012 Australian television seasons
09 |
5377188 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livesey%20Museum%20for%20Children | Livesey Museum for Children | The Livesey Museum for Children was in the Old Kent Road, within the London Borough of Southwark, London, England.
The Livesey Museum was one of very few children's museums in the United Kingdom, which used to show a completely new hands-on exhibition every year. Each exhibition was suitable for all children under 12, and admission was free. It was hosted in a former public library on Old Kent Road in Southwark and was funded by Southwark Council.
Exhibitions explored such themes as Shelter, Energy, and Myths & Legends. The museum had no permanent collection, but each exhibition features objects and artwork on loan from Southwark Council's historic collections.
Closure
In February 2008 Southwark Council voted to close the museum and it was planned to close to the public on 1 March 2008. The decision was due to budget cuts despite the popularity and success of the Museum. After a brief campaign to persuade the Council to keep it open, a campaign group which subsequently became a registered charity, the Friends of the Livesey Museum for Children, were proposing to form a trust, to raise funds and to run it for the community.
In April 2008 Southwark Council has now accepted that the building was covenanted and owned by a trust not by the Council itself. It is possible that the Council had been in breach of the trust by opening the building as a children's museum in 1974 after it had closed as a public library in 1966, although there is no legal distinction between a free museum or a library. This trusteeship also meant that Southwark would not be able to sell the building.
At least two organisations proposed to run the building including the Friends charity who submitted a proposal underwritten by Novas Scarman. Southwark Council voted to let the building to Theatre Peckham. Southwark needed the approval of the Charity Commission to change the trust deed to allow its use as a theatre rehearsal space rather than a public library. A scheme was proposed in 2009, but subsequently failed to raise sufficient funds to be implemented.
, the building was occupied by a group of squatters. Since then, the building has become part of an authorised "guardian scheme", whereby temporary residents provide security.
Future plans for the building
In November 2012, Southwark Council approved Treasure House (London) CIC as preferred partners in the running of the Livesey Building. Treasure House proposed to use the building to provide education for children aged 13–19 who cannot access mainstream education, in addition to offering the local community educational and cultural programmes.
History
According to the Livesey Building FAQ:
"The Livesey building was bequeathed by George Livesey, a local benefactor, to the Commissioners for Public Libraries and Museums for the Parish of Camberwell in 1890. It was given as a free public library and operated until 1966 when the then council relocated its library provision to a nearby site and the building closed to the public."
The building itself is Grade II listed. A statue of Livesey by Frederick Pomeroy, which was previously located at Livesey's nearby gas works, is in the grounds of the former museum. The statue is also Grade II listed.
References
External links
Livesey Museum website (archived link)
Friends website
Treasure House London website
Buildings and structures in the London Borough of Southwark
Children's museums in the United Kingdom
Defunct museums in London
Museums established in 1974
Museums disestablished in 2008
Museums in the London Borough of Southwark |
41729748 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spreite | Spreite | Spreite, meaning leaf-blade in German (or spreiten, the plural form in German) is a stacked, curved, layered structure that is characteristic of certain trace fossils. They are formed by invertebrate organisms tunneling back and forth through sediment in search of food. The organism moves perpendicularly just enough at the start of each back-and-forth pass so that it avoids reworking a previously tunneled area, thereby ensuring that it only makes feeding passes through fresh, unworked sediment.
Two types of spreiten are generally recognized. Protrusive spreiten result from movement of the organism away from its burrow entrance (i.e., a downward movement in vertical burrows), whereas retrusive spreiten result from movement towards the burrow entrance (i.e., an upward movement in vertical burrows). Vertical burrows with retrusive spreiten are also referred to as "escape burrows", as they represent attempts by the organism during periods of high sedimentation to prevent the burrow entrance from being buried, and at the same time keep the bottom of the burrow at the same distance from the sediment-water interface. In essence, the organism "escapes" from being buried too deeply by progressively tunneling upward, thereby leaving behind it a stacked vertical succession of concave-side-up spreite. Diplocraterion is the classic example of a vertical burrow with spreite, whereas Rhizocorallium is an example of a horizontal burrow with spreite.
Spreiten differ from menisci, which are flat to slightly curved, back-filling structures found in some tubular burrows. Menisci are formed when the organism packs sediment, and sometimes fecal material as well, behind itself as it moves through the burrow. Because spreiten and menisci represent different behaviors, the distinction between spreiten and meniscate burrows is an important criterion for the identification of certain ichnotaxa. For example, generally parallel-sided, elongate, horizontal burrows with menisci are typically assigned to the Muensteria ichnospecies, whereas similar burrows with spreite will generally be assigned to the Rhizocorallium ichnogenus.
See also
Trace fossil
Ichnology
References
Burrow fossils
Invertebrate paleozoology |
26412972 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugenio%20Rizzolini | Eugenio Rizzolini | Eugenio Rizzolini (born August 30, 1937 in Milan) is a retired Italian professional football player.
1937 births
Living people
Italian footballers
Serie A players
Inter Milan players
Novara Calcio players
Mantova 1911 players
Brescia Calcio players
Association football defenders |
4675367 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marisa%20Robles | Marisa Robles | Marisa Robles (born May 4, 1937) is a Spanish harpist.
She was born in Spain, where she studied the harp with Luisa Menarguez, and studied music at the Madrid Conservatory, graduating at the age of sixteen in 1953. She made her concert debut at seventeen, performing with flautist Jean-Pierre Rampal.
The Concerto for Flute and Harp by Mozart which they performed together was to become the piece for which she is best known. She has recorded and performed it with James Galway and with her husband 1968–1985 Christopher Hyde-Smith, among others. In 1963 she premiered Sones en la Giralda on the BBC, a wedding present written for her by Joaquín Rodrigo.
In 1958 she married, and in 1960 she came to live permanently in the UK. In 1971 she became a professor of harp in the Royal College of Music.
Robles was artistic director for the first two Cardiff World Harp Festivals in 1991 and 1994.
References
1937 births
Living people
Spanish classical harpists
Academics of the Royal College of Music
Madrid Royal Conservatory alumni |
29024699 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampson%2C%20Oconto%20County%2C%20Wisconsin | Sampson, Oconto County, Wisconsin | Sampson is an unincorporated community in Oconto County, Wisconsin, United States. The community is located at the intersection of Oconto County Highways C and D, in the town of Morgan. It is located at latitude 44.765 and longitude -88.186 and elevation 787 feet (mean sea level). In the unincorporated limits there is The Hilltop Tavern, a county highway shop and Sampson Valley Vineyard.
Images
References
Unincorporated communities in Oconto County, Wisconsin
Unincorporated communities in Wisconsin |
27048424 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delfin%20Basin | Delfin Basin | The Delfin Basin (delfín is Spanish for "dolphin") is a pair of interconnected submarine depressions located on the seabed of the northern Gulf of California. The northernmost of these is called the Upper Delfin Basin while the southernmost is called the Lower Delfin Basin. Both of these features are areas of subsidence caused by extensional forces imparted by a spreading center associated with the East Pacific Rise. The two basins are linked by a short transform fault which was the apparent source of an earthquake of magnitude 5.5 on November 26, 1997.
The Delfin Basin is linked to the Guaymas Basin located about 325 km to the south by a series of four transform faults called the Guaymas Transform Fault System. It is also linked to the north with the Consag Basin by way of a poorly defined deformation zone.
See also
Gulf of California Rift Zone
References
Source Characteristics of a 5.5 Magnitude Earthquake that Occurred in the Transform Fault System of the Delfin Basin in the Gulf of California, Rebollar et al, 2000
Geology of Mexico |
65690381 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Asterales%20of%20South%20Africa | List of Asterales of South Africa | Asterales is an order of dicotyledonous flowering plants that includes the large family Asteraceae (or Compositae) known for composite flowers made of florets, and ten families related to the Asteraceae. The order has a cosmopolitan distribution, members are found throughout most of the world including desert and frigid zones, and includes mostly herbaceous species, although a small number of trees and shrubs are also present.
Asterales seem to have evolved from one common ancestor, and share characteristics on morphological and biochemical levels. Synapomorphies (a character that is shared by two or more groups through evolutionary development) include the presence in the plants of oligosaccharide inulin, a nutrient storage molecule used instead of starch; and unique stamen morphology. The stamens are usually found around the style, either aggregated densely or fused into a tube, probably an adaptation in association with the plunger (brush; or secondary) pollination that is common among the families of the order, wherein pollen is collected and stored on the length of the pistil.
The anthophytes are a grouping of plant taxa bearing flower-like reproductive structures. They were formerly thought to be a clade comprising plants bearing flower-like structures. The group contained the angiosperms - the extant flowering plants, such as roses and grasses - as well as the Gnetales and the extinct Bennettitales.
23,420 species of vascular plant have been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent. Of these, 153 species are considered to be threatened. Nine biomes have been described in South Africa: Fynbos, Succulent Karoo, desert, Nama Karoo, grassland, savanna, Albany thickets, the Indian Ocean coastal belt, and forests.
The 2018 South African National Biodiversity Institute's National Biodiversity Assessment plant checklist lists 35,130 taxa in the phyla Anthocerotophyta (hornworts (6)), Anthophyta (flowering plants (33534)), Bryophyta (mosses (685)), Cycadophyta (cycads (42)), Lycopodiophyta (Lycophytes(45)), Marchantiophyta (liverworts (376)), Pinophyta (conifers (33)), and Pteridophyta (cryptogams (408)).
Five families are represented in the literature. Listed taxa include species, subspecies, varieties, and forms as recorded, some of which have subsequently been allocated to other taxa as synonyms, in which cases the accepted taxon is appended to the listing. Multiple entries under alternative names reflect taxonomic revision over time.
Asteraceae
Family: Asteraceae, 329 genera have been recorded. Not all are necessarily currently accepted.
Genus Acanthospermum:
Genus Acanthotheca:
Genus Achillea:
Genus Achyrocline:
Genus Acmella:
Genus Adenachaena:
Genus Adenanthellum:
Genus Adenoglossa:
Genus Adenostemma:
Genus Afroaster:
Genus Ageratina:
Genus Ageratum:
Genus Alatoseta:
Genus Alciope:
Genus Ambrosia:
Genus Amellus:
Genus Amphiglossa:
Genus Anaglypha:
Genus Anaxeton:
Genus Anderbergia:
Genus Anisochaeta:
Genus Anisopappus:
Genus Anisothrix:
Genus Anthemis:
Genus Antithrixia:
Genus Aphelexis:
Genus Arctotheca:
Genus Arctotis:
Genus Argyrocome:
Genus Arnica:
Genus Arrowsmithia:
Genus Artemisia:
Genus Artemisiopsis:
Genus Ascaricida:
Genus Aspilia:
Genus Aster:
Genus Athanasia:
Genus Athrixia:
Genus Atractylis:
Genus Atrichantha:
Genus Baccharis:
Genus Baccharoides:
Genus Berkheya:
Genus Bertilia:
Genus Bidens:
Genus Blainvillea:
Genus Blumea:
Genus Bolandia:
Genus Bothriocline:
Genus Brachylaena:
Genus Brachymeris:
Genus Brachyrhynchos:
Genus Bryomorphe:
Genus Cacalia:
Genus Cadiscus:
Genus Calendula:
Genus Callilepis:
Genus Calostephane:
Genus Calotesta:
Genus Campuloclinium:
Genus Candidea:
Genus Capelio:
Genus Caputia:
Genus Carduus:
Genus Carthamus:
Genus Castalis:
Genus Cenia:
Genus Centaurea:
Genus Centipeda:
Genus Centrapalus:
Genus Chondrilla:
Genus Chromolaena:
Genus Chrysanthellum:
Genus Chrysanthemoides:
Genus Chrysanthemum:
Genus Chrysocoma:
Genus Cineraria:
Genus Cirsium:
Genus Cnicus:
Genus Comborhiza:
Genus Conyza:
Genus Corymbium:
Genus Cosmos:
Genus Cotula:
Genus Crassocephalum:
Genus Crassothonna:
Genus Crepis:
Genus Callumia:
Genus Curio:
Genus Cuspidia:
Genus Cyanthillium:
Genus Cymbopappus:
Genus Cypselodontia:
Genus Decaneurum:
Genus Delairea:
Genus Denekia:
Genus Dicerothamnus:
Genus Dichrocephala:
Genus Dicoma:
Genus Didelta:
Genus Dimorphanthes:
Genus Dimorphotheca:
Genus Disparago:
Genus Distephanus:
Genus Dittrichia:
Genus Doellia:
Genus Dolichothrix:
Genus Doria:
Genus Doronicum:
Genus Dymondia:
Genus Eclipta:
Genus Edmondia:
Genus Elephantopus:
Genus Elytropappus:
Genus Emilia:
Genus Enydra:
Genus Erigeron:
Genus Eriocephalus:
Genus Erlangia:
Genus Eschenbachia:
Genus Ethulia:
Genus Eumorphia:
Genus Eupatorium:
Genus Euryops:
Genus Facelis:
Genus Felicia:
Genus Flaveria:
Genus Foveolina:
Genus Gaillardia:
Genus Galeomma:
Genus Galinsoga:
Genus Gamochaeta:
Genus Garuleum:
Genus Gazania:
Genus Geigeria:
Genus Gerbera:
Genus Gibbaria:
Genus Glebionis:
Genus Gnaphalium:
Genus Gongrothamnus:
Genus Gongyloglossa:
Genus Gorteria:
Genus Grangea:
Genus Guizotia:
Genus Gymnanthemum:
Genus Gymnodiscus:
Genus Gymnopentzia:
Genus Gymnostephium:
Genus Haplocarpha:
Genus Hedypnois:
Genus Helianthus:
Genus Helichrysopsis:
Genus Helichrysum:
Genus Helminthotheca:
Genus Hertia:
Genus Heterolepis:
Genus Heteromma:
Genus Heterorhachis:
Genus Hilliardia:
Genus Hilliardiella:
Genus Hippia:
Genus Hirpicium:
Genus Hoplophyllum:
Genus Hydroidea:
Genus Hymenolepis:
Genus Hyoseris:
Genus Hypericophyllum:
Genus Hypochaeris:
Genus Ifloga:
Genus Inezia:
Genus Inula:
Genus Inulanthera:
Genus Inuloides:
Genus Iocaste:
Genus Keringa:
Genus Kleinia:
Genus Klenzea:
Genus Lachnospermum:
Genus Lactuca:
Genus Laevicarpa:
Genus Laggera:
Genus Lamprocephalus:
Genus Langebergia:
Genus Lapsana:
Genus Lasiopogon:
Genus Lasiopus:
Genus Lasiospermum:
Genus Launaea:
Genus Lepidostephium:
Genus Leptilon:
Genus Leucanthemum:
Genus Leucoptera:
Genus Leysera:
Genus Lidbeckia:
Genus Linzia:
Genus Litogyne:
Genus Lopholaena:
Genus Macledium:
Genus Macowania:
Genus Mairia:
Genus Mantisalca:
Genus Marasmodes:
Genus Marsea:
Genus Matricaria:
Genus Melanthera:
Genus Mesogramma:
Genus Metalasia:
Genus Microglossa:
Genus Mikania:
Genus Mikaniopsis:
Genus Minurothamnus:
Genus Monoculus:
Genus Montanoa:
Genus Monticapra:
Genus Morysia:
Genus Myrovernix:
Genus Myxopappus:
Genus Namibithamnus:
Genus Nephrotheca:
Genus Nestlera:
Genus Nicolasia:
Genus Nidorella:
Genus Nolletia:
Genus Norlindhia:
Genus Oedera:
Genus Oldenburgia:
Genus Oligocarpus:
Genus Oligoglossa:
Genus Oligothrix:
Genus Oncosiphon:
Genus Oocephala:
Genus Orbivestus:
Genus Oreoleysera:
Genus Oresbia:
Genus Osmitopsis:
Genus Osteospermum:
Genus Othonna:
Genus Oxylaena:
Genus Parapolydora:
Genus Parthenium:
Genus Pechuel-loeschea:
Genus Pegolettia:
Genus Pentanema:
Genus Pentatrichia:
Genus Pentzia:
Genus Perdicium:
Genus Petalacte:
Genus Peyrousea:
Genus Phaenocoma:
Genus Phaneroglossa:
Genus Philyrophyllum:
Genus Phymaspermum:
Genus Picris:
Genus Planea:
Genus Platycarpha:
Genus Platycarphella:
Genus Plecostachys:
Genus Plectreca:
Genus Pluchea:
Genus Poecilolepis:
Genus Polyarrhena:
Genus Polydora:
Genus Printzia:
Genus Pseudoconyza:
Genus Pseudognaphalium:
Genus Pseudopegolettia:
Genus Psiadia:
Genus Pteronia:
Genus Pterothrix:
Genus Pulicaria:
Genus Relhania:
Genus Rennera:
Genus Rhynchopsidium:
Genus Roldana:
Genus Roodebergia:
Genus Rosenia:
Genus Schistostephium:
Genus Schkuhria:
Genus Senecio:
Genus Seneciodes:
Genus Seriphium:
Genus Sigesbeckia:
Genus Silybum:
Genus Solanecio:
Genus Solidago:
Genus Soliva:
Genus Sonchus:
Genus Sphaeranthus:
Genus Sphagneticola:
Genus Spilanthes:
Genus Staehelina:
Genus Steirodiscus:
Genus Stengelia:
Genus Stilpnogyne:
Genus Stoebe:
Genus Stomatanthes:
Genus Symphyotrichum:
Genus Syncarpha:
Genus Tagetes:
Genus Tanacetum:
Genus Taraxacum:
Genus Tarchonanthus:
Genus Tenrhynea:
Genus Thaminophyllum:
Genus Tithonia:
Genus Tolpis:
Genus Tragopogon:
Genus Trichogyne:
Genus Tridax:
Genus Tripteris:
Genus Troglophyton:
Genus Urospermum:
Genus Ursinia:
Genus Vellereophyton:
Genus Verbesina:
Genus Vernonella:
Genus Vernonia:
Genus Vernoniastrum:
Genus Vicoa:
Genus Waitzia:
Genus Webbia:
Genus Wedelia:
Genus Xanthium:
Genus Xenismia:
Genus Xeranthemum:
Genus Youngia:
Genus Zinnia:
Genus Zoutpansbergia:
Genus Zyrphelis:
Campanulaceae
Family: Campanulaceae,
Campanula
Genus Campanula:
Campanula cinerea L.f. accepted as Wahlenbergia cinerea (L.f.) Lammers, indigenous
Campanula fasciculata L.f. accepted as Wahlenbergia desmantha Lammers, endemic
Campanula sessiliflora L.f. accepted as Wahlenbergia subulata (L'Her.) Lammers var. subulata, indigenous
Campanula tenella L.f. accepted as Wahlenbergia tenella (L.f.) Lammers var. tenella, indigenous
Campanula unidentata L.f. accepted as Wahlenbergia unidentata (L.f.) Lammers, endemic
Craterocapsa
Genus Craterocapsa:
Craterocapsa alfredica D.Y.Hong, endemic
Craterocapsa congesta Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, indigenous
Craterocapsa insizwae (Zahlbr.) Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, endemic
Craterocapsa montana (A.DC.) Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, indigenous
Craterocapsa tarsodes Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, indigenous
Lightfootia
Genus Lightfootia:
Lightfootia adpressa (Thunb.) A.DC. accepted as Wahlenbergia adpressa (Thunb.) Sond. present
Lightfootia albens Spreng. ex A.DC. accepted as Wahlenbergia albens (Spreng. ex A.DC.) Lammers, indigenous
Lightfootia albicaulis Sond. accepted as Wahlenbergia albicaulis (Sond.) Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia asparagoides Adamson, accepted as Wahlenbergia asparagoides (Adamson) Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia axillaris Sond. accepted as Wahlenbergia axillaris (Sond.) Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia brachiata Adamson, accepted as Wahlenbergia brachiata (Adamson) Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia brachyphylla Adamson, accepted as Wahlenbergia brachyphylla (Adamson) Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia calcarea Adamson, accepted as Wahlenbergia calcarea (Adamson) Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia caledonica Sond. accepted as Wahlenbergia dieterlenii (E.Phillips) Lammers, indigenous
Lightfootia capillaris H.Buek, accepted as Wahlenbergia thulinii Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia cinerea (L.f.) Sond. accepted as Wahlenbergia cinerea (L.f.) Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia cordata Adamson, accepted as Wahlenbergia cordata (Adamson) Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia denticulata (Burch.) Sond. var. transvaalensis Adamson, accepted as Wahlenbergia denticulata (Burch.) A.DC. var. transvaalensis (Adamson) W.G.Welman, indigenous
Lightfootia dieterlenii E.Phillips, accepted as Wahlenbergia dieterlenii (E.Phillips) Lammers, indigenous
Lightfootia diffusa H.Buek, accepted as Wahlenbergia tenella (L.f.) Lammers, indigenous
Lightfootia diffusa H.Buek var. palustris Adamson, accepted as Wahlenbergia tenella (L.f.) Lammers var. palustris (Adamson) W.G.Welman, endemic
Lightfootia diffusa H.Buek var. stokoei Adamson, accepted as Wahlenbergia tenella (L.f.) Lammers var. stokoei (Adamson) W.G.Welman, endemic
Lightfootia dinteri Engl. ex Dinter, accepted as Wahlenbergia denticulata (Burch.) A.DC. var. denticulata
Lightfootia divaricata H.Buek, accepted as Wahlenbergia thunbergii (Schult.) B.Nord. var. thunbergii, indigenous
Lightfootia divaricata H.Buek var. debilis (Sond.) Adamson, accepted as Wahlenbergia thunbergii (Schult.) B.Nord. var. debilis (Sond.) B.Nord. endemic
Lightfootia divaricata H.Buek var. filifolia Adamson, accepted as Wahlenbergia thunbergii (Schult.) B.Nord. var. filifolia (Adamson) B.Nord. endemic
Lightfootia effusa Adamson, accepted as Wahlenbergia effusa (Adamson) Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia fasciculata (L.f.) A.DC. accepted as Wahlenbergia desmantha Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia intermedia H.Buek, accepted as Wahlenbergia thunbergii (Schult.) B.Nord. var. thunbergii, indigenous
Lightfootia juncea (H.Buek) Sond. accepted as Wahlenbergia juncea (H.Buek) Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia laxiflora Sond. accepted as Wahlenbergia laxiflora (Sond.) Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia loddigesii A.DC. accepted as Wahlenbergia tenerrima (H.Buek) Lammers, indigenous
Lightfootia longifolia A.DC. accepted as Wahlenbergia longifolia (A.DC.) Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia longifolia A.DC. var. corymbosa Adamson, accepted as Wahlenbergia longifolia (A.DC.) Lammers var. corymbosa (Adamson) W.G.Welman, endemic
Lightfootia macrostachys A.DC. accepted as Wahlenbergia macrostachys (A.DC.) Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia microphylla Adamson, accepted as Wahlenbergia microphylla (Adamson) Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia multicaulis Adamson, accepted as Wahlenbergia adamsonii Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia multiflora Adamson, accepted as Wahlenbergia polyantha Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia namaquana Sond. accepted as Wahlenbergia sonderi Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia nodosa H.Buek, accepted as Wahlenbergia nodosa (H.Buek) Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia oppositifolia A.DC. accepted as Wahlenbergia thulinii Lammers, indigenous
Lightfootia paniculata Sond. accepted as Wahlenbergia magaliesbergensis Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia parvifolia (P.J.Bergius) Adamson, accepted as Wahlenbergia parvifolia (P.J.Bergius) Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia pauciflora Adamson, accepted as Wahlenbergia oligantha Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia planifolia Adamson, accepted as Wahlenbergia riversdalensis Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia rigida Adamson, accepted as Wahlenbergia neorigida Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia rubens H.Buek, accepted as Wahlenbergia rubens (H.Buek) Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia rubens H.Buek var. brachyphylla Adamson, accepted as Wahlenbergia rubens (H.Buek) Lammers var. brachyphylla (Adamson) W.G.Welman, endemic
Lightfootia rubioides Banks ex A.DC. accepted as Wahlenbergia rubioides (Banks ex A.DC.) Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia rubioides Banks ex A.DC. var. stokoei Adamson, accepted as Wahlenbergia rubioides (Banks ex A.DC.) Lammers var. stokoei (Adamson) W.G.Welman, endemic
Lightfootia sessiliflora (L.f.) Sond. accepted as Wahlenbergia subulata (L'Her.) Lammers var. subulata, indigenous
Lightfootia spicata H.Buek, accepted as Wahlenbergia macrostachys (A.DC.) Lammers, indigenous
Lightfootia squarrosa Adamson, accepted as Wahlenbergia levynsiae Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia stricta Adamson, accepted as Wahlenbergia neostricta Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia subulata L'Her. accepted as Wahlenbergia subulata (L'Her.) Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia subulata L'Her. var. congesta Adamson, accepted as Wahlenbergia subulata (L'Her.) Lammers var. congesta (Adamson) W.G.Welman, endemic
Lightfootia subulata L'Her. var. tenuifolia Adamson, accepted as Wahlenbergia subulata (L'Her.) Lammers var. tenuifolia (Adamson) W.G.Welman, endemic
Lightfootia tenella (L.f.) A.DC. accepted as Wahlenbergia tenella (L.f.) Lammers var. tenella, indigenous
Lightfootia tenella (L.f.) A.DC. var. fasciculata (L.f.) Sond. accepted as Wahlenbergia desmantha Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia tenella (L.f.) A.DC. var. microphylla Sond. accepted as Wahlenbergia nodosa (H.Buek) Lammers, indigenous
Lightfootia tenella (L.f.) A.DC. var. tenerrima (H.Buek) Sond. accepted as Wahlenbergia tenerrima (H.Buek) Lammers var. tenerrima, indigenous
Lightfootia tenella Lodd. accepted as Wahlenbergia tenerrima (H.Buek) Lammers, indigenous
Lightfootia tenella Lodd. var. montana Adamson, accepted as Wahlenbergia tenerrima (H.Buek) Lammers var. montana (Adamson) W.G.Welman, endemic
Lightfootia tenerrima H.Buek, accepted as Wahlenbergia tenerrima (H.Buek) Lammers var. tenerrima, endemic
Lightfootia tenuis Adamson, accepted as Wahlenbergia pyrophila Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia thunbergiana H.Buek, accepted as Wahlenbergia thunbergiana (H.Buek) Lammers, present
Lightfootia uitenhagensis H.Buek, accepted as Wahlenbergia thunbergii (Schult.) B.Nord. var. thunbergii, indigenous
Lightfootia umbellata Adamson, accepted as Wahlenbergia umbellata (Adamson) Lammers, endemic
Lightfootia unidentata (L.f.) A.DC. accepted as Wahlenbergia unidentata (L.f.) Lammers, endemic
Merciera
Genus Merciera:
Merciera azurea Schltr. endemic
Merciera brevifolia A.DC. endemic
Merciera eckloniana H.Buek, endemic
Merciera leptoloba A.DC. endemic
Merciera tenuifolia (L.f.) A.DC. endemic
Merciera tenuifolia (L.f.) A.DC. var. azurea (Schltr.) Adamson, accepted as Merciera azurea Schltr. present
Merciera tenuifolia (L.f.) A.DC. var. candolleana Sond. accepted as Merciera tenuifolia (L.f.) A.DC. present
Merciera tetraloba Cupido, endemic
Merciera vaginata Adamson, accepted as Carpacoce heteromorpha (H.Buek) L.Bolus, present
Microcodon
Genus Microcodon:
Microcodon glomeratus A.DC. endemic
Microcodon hispidulus (Thunb.) Sond. accepted as Wahlenbergia hispidula (Thunb.) A.DC.
Microcodon linearis (L.f.) H.Buek, endemic
Microcodon sparsiflorus A.DC. endemic
Prismatocarpus
Genus Prismatocarpus:
Prismatocarpus alpinus (Bond) Adamson, endemic
Prismatocarpus altiflorus L'Her. endemic
Prismatocarpus brevilobus A.DC. endemic
Prismatocarpus campanuloides (L.f.) Sond. indigenous
Prismatocarpus campanuloides (L.f.) Sond. var. campanuloides, endemic
Prismatocarpus campanuloides (L.f.) Sond. var. dentatus Adamson, endemic
Prismatocarpus candolleanus Cham. endemic
Prismatocarpus cliffortioides Adamson, endemic
Prismatocarpus cordifolius Adamson, endemic
Prismatocarpus crispus L'Her. endemic
Prismatocarpus debilis Adamson, indigenous
Prismatocarpus debilis Adamson var. debilis, endemic
Prismatocarpus debilis Adamson var. elongatus Adamson, endemic
Prismatocarpus decurrens Adamson, endemic
Prismatocarpus diffusus (L.f.) A.DC. endemic
Prismatocarpus fastigiatus C.Presl ex A.DC. endemic
Prismatocarpus fruticosus L'Her. endemic
Prismatocarpus hildebrandtii Vatke, endemic
Prismatocarpus hispidus Adamson, endemic
Prismatocarpus implicatus Adamson, endemic
Prismatocarpus junceus H.Buek, accepted as Wahlenbergia juncea (H.Buek) Lammers
Prismatocarpus lasiophyllus Adamson, endemic
Prismatocarpus lycioides Adamson, endemic
Prismatocarpus lycopodioides A.DC. indigenous
Prismatocarpus lycopodioides A.DC. var. hispidus Adamson, endemic
Prismatocarpus lycopodioides A.DC. var. lycopodioides, endemic
Prismatocarpus nitidus L'Her. indigenous
Prismatocarpus nitidus L'Her. var. nitidus, endemic
Prismatocarpus nitidus L'Her. var. ovatus Adamson, accepted as Prismatocarpus debilis Adamson var. debilis, present
Prismatocarpus pauciflorus Adamson, endemic
Prismatocarpus pedunculatus (P.J.Bergius) A.DC. endemic
Prismatocarpus pilosus Adamson, endemic
Prismatocarpus rogersii Fourc. endemic
Prismatocarpus schlechteri Adamson, endemic
Prismatocarpus sessilis Eckl. ex A.DC. indigenous
Prismatocarpus sessilis Eckl. ex A.DC. var. macrocarpus Adamson, endemic
Prismatocarpus sessilis Eckl. ex A.DC. var. sessilis, endemic
Prismatocarpus spinosus Adamson, endemic
Prismatocarpus tenellus Oliv. endemic
Prismatocarpus tenerrimus H.Buek, endemic
Prismatocarpus virgatus Fourc. endemic
Rhigiophyllum
Genus Rhigiophyllum:
Rhigiophyllum squarrosum Hochst. endemic
Roella
Genus Roella:
Roella amplexicaulis Wolley-Dod, endemic
Roella arenaria Schltr. endemic
Roella bryoides H.Buek, endemic
Roella ciliata L. endemic
Roella compacta Schltr. endemic
Roella cuspidata Adamson var. cuspidata, accepted as Roella compacta Schltr. present
Roella cuspidata Adamson var. hispida Adamson, accepted as Roella compacta Schltr. present
Roella decurrens L'Her. endemic
Roella divina Cupido, endemic
Roella dregeana A.DC. indigenous
Roella dregeana A.DC. var. dregeana, endemic
Roella dregeana A.DC. var. nitida (Schltr.) Adamson, endemic
Roella dunantii A.DC. endemic
Roella glomerata A.DC. endemic
Roella goodiana Adamson, endemic
Roella incurva A.DC. endemic
Roella incurva A.DC. var. rigida Adamson, accepted as Roella prostrata E.Mey. ex A.DC. present
Roella latiloba A.DC. endemic
Roella lightfootioides Schltr. accepted as Roella spicata L.f. var. spicata, present
Roella maculata Adamson, endemic
Roella muscosa L.f. endemic
Roella prostrata E.Mey. ex A.DC. endemic
Roella psammophila Schltr. accepted as Roella dregeana A.DC. var. dregeana, present
Roella recurvata A.DC. endemic
Roella reticulata L. accepted as Cullumia reticulata (L.) Greuter, M.V.Agab. & Wagenitz, indigenous
Roella rhodantha Adamson, accepted as Roella incurva A.DC. present
Roella secunda H.Buek, endemic
Roella spicata L.f. indigenous
Roella spicata L.f. var. burchellii Adamson, endemic
Roella spicata L.f. var. spicata, endemic
Roella squarrosa P.J.Bergius, endemic
Roella triflora (R.D.Good) Adamson, endemic
Roella uncinata Cupido, endemic
Siphocodon
Genus Siphocodon:
Siphocodon debilis Schltr. endemic
Siphocodon spartioides Turcz. endemic
Theilera
Genus Theilera:
Theilera capensis D.Y.Hong, accepted as Theilera robusta (A.DC.) Cupido, indigenous
Theilera guthriei (L.Bolus) E.Phillips, endemic
Theilera robusta (A.DC.) Cupido, endemic
Trachelium
Genus Trachelium:
Trachelium lanceolatum Guss. not indigenous, cultivated
Treichelia
Genus Treichelia:
Treichelia dodii Cupido, indigenous
Treichelia longibracteata (H.Buek ex Eckl. & Zeyh.) Vatke, endemic
Wahlenbergia
Genus Wahlenbergia:
Wahlenbergia abyssinica (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Thulin, indigenous
Wahlenbergia abyssinica (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Thulin subsp. abyssinica, indigenous
Wahlenbergia acaulis E.Mey. endemic
Wahlenbergia acicularis Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia acuminata Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia adamsonii Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia adpressa (Thunb.) Sond. endemic
Wahlenbergia albens (Spreng. ex A.DC.) Lammers, indigenous
Wahlenbergia albicaulis (Sond.) Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia androsacea A.DC. indigenous
Wahlenbergia annularis A.DC. indigenous
Wahlenbergia annuliformis Brehmer, accepted as Wahlenbergia androsacea A.DC. endemic
Wahlenbergia appressifolia Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, indigenous
Wahlenbergia asparagoides (Adamson) Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia asperifolia Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia axillaris (Sond.) Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia banksiana A.DC. indigenous
Wahlenbergia bolusiana Schltr. & Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia bowkerae Sond. endemic
Wahlenbergia brachiata (Adamson) Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia brachycarpa Schltr. endemic
Wahlenbergia brachyphylla (Adamson) Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia brehmeri Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia brevisquamifolia Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia buseriana Schltr. & Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia calcarea (Adamson) Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia campanuloides (Delile) Vatke, indigenous
Wahlenbergia capensis (L.) A.DC. endemic
Wahlenbergia capillacea (L.f.) A.DC. indigenous
Wahlenbergia capillacea (L.f.) A.DC. subsp. capillacea, indigenous
Wahlenbergia capillaris (H.Buek) Lammers, accepted as Wahlenbergia thulinii Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia capillata Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia capillifolia E.Mey. ex Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia cernua (Thunb.) A.DC. endemic
Wahlenbergia ciliolata A.DC. accepted as Wahlenbergia cernua (Thunb.) A.DC. present
Wahlenbergia cinerea (L.f.) Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia clavata Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia clavatula Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia compacta Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia congestifolia Brehmer, indigenous
Wahlenbergia constricta Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia cooperi Brehmer, indigenous
Wahlenbergia cordata (Adamson) Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia costata A.DC. endemic
Wahlenbergia cuspidata Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia debilis H.Buek, endemic
Wahlenbergia decipiens A.DC. endemic
Wahlenbergia dentata Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia denticulata (Burch.) A.DC. indigenous
Wahlenbergia denticulata (Burch.) A.DC. var. denticulata, indigenous
Wahlenbergia denticulata (Burch.) A.DC. var. transvaalensis (Adamson) W.G.Welman, endemic
Wahlenbergia denudata A.DC. endemic
Wahlenbergia depressa J.M.Wood & M.S.Evans, indigenous
Wahlenbergia desmantha Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia dichotoma A.DC. endemic
Wahlenbergia dieterlenii (E.Phillips) Lammers, indigenous
Wahlenbergia dilatata Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia distincta Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia divergens A.DC. endemic
Wahlenbergia doleritica Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, endemic
Wahlenbergia dunantii A.DC. endemic
Wahlenbergia ecklonii H.Buek, endemic
Wahlenbergia effusa (Adamson) Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia epacridea Sond. indigenous
Wahlenbergia exilis A.DC. endemic
Wahlenbergia fasciculata Brehmer, indigenous
Wahlenbergia filipes Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia fistulosa Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia floribunda Schltr. & Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia fruticosa Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia galpiniae Schltr. endemic
Wahlenbergia glandulifera Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia glandulosa Brehmer, accepted as Wahlenbergia androsacea A.DC. present
Wahlenbergia gracilis E.Mey. endemic
Wahlenbergia grandiflora Brehmer, indigenous
Wahlenbergia hispidula (Thunb.) A.DC. endemic
Wahlenbergia huttonii (Sond.) Thulin, indigenous
Wahlenbergia ingrata A.DC. endemic
Wahlenbergia inhambanensis Klotzsch, accepted as Wahlenbergia androsacea A.DC. present
Wahlenbergia juncea (H.Buek) Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia kowiensis R.A.Dyer, endemic
Wahlenbergia krebsii Cham. indigenous
Wahlenbergia krebsii Cham. subsp. krebsii, indigenous
Wahlenbergia lasiocarpa Schltr. & Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia laxiflora (Sond.) Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia levynsiae Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia littoralis Schltr. & Brehmer, accepted as Wahlenbergia orae Lammers, present
Wahlenbergia lobata Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia lobulata Brehmer, indigenous
Wahlenbergia longifolia (A.DC.) Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia longifolia (A.DC.) Lammers var. corymbosa (Adamson) W.G.Welman, endemic
Wahlenbergia longifolia (A.DC.) Lammers var. longifolia, endemic
Wahlenbergia longisepala Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia longisquamifolia Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia lycopodioides Schltr. & Brehmer, indigenous
Wahlenbergia macra Schltr. & Brehmer, accepted as Wahlenbergia ecklonii H.Buek, present
Wahlenbergia macrostachys (A.DC.) Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia maculata Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia madagascariensis A.DC. indigenous
Wahlenbergia magaliesbergensis Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia massonii A.DC. endemic
Wahlenbergia melanops Goldblatt & J.C.Manning, endemic
Wahlenbergia meyeri A.DC. endemic
Wahlenbergia microphylla (Adamson) Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia minuta Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia mollis Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia namaquana Sond. endemic
Wahlenbergia nana Brehmer, indigenous
Wahlenbergia neorigida Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia neostricta Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia nodosa (H.Buek) Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia obovata Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia oligantha Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia oligotricha Schltr. & Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia oocarpa Sond. endemic
Wahlenbergia orae Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia oxyphylla A.DC. indigenous
Wahlenbergia pallidiflora Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, endemic
Wahlenbergia paniculata (Thunb.) A.DC. indigenous
Wahlenbergia parvifolia (P.J.Bergius) Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia patula A.DC. indigenous
Wahlenbergia paucidentata Schinz, indigenous
Wahlenbergia pauciflora A.DC. endemic
Wahlenbergia pilosa H.Buek [1], endemic
Wahlenbergia pinifolia N.E.Br. endemic
Wahlenbergia pinnata Compton, indigenous
Wahlenbergia polyantha Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia polychotoma Brehmer, accepted as Wahlenbergia undulata (L.f.) A.DC. present
Wahlenbergia polyclada A.DC. endemic
Wahlenbergia polytrichifolia Schltr. indigenous
Wahlenbergia polytrichifolia Schltr. subsp. dracomontana Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, indigenous
Wahlenbergia polytrichifolia Schltr. subsp. polytrichifolia, endemic
Wahlenbergia procumbens (Thunb.) A.DC. endemic
Wahlenbergia prostrata A.DC. indigenous
Wahlenbergia psammophila Schltr. indigenous
Wahlenbergia pseudoandrosacea Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia pseudoinhambanensis Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia pseudonudicaulis Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia pulvillus-gigantis Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, indigenous
Wahlenbergia pyrophila Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia ramifera Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia ramulosa E.Mey. accepted as Wahlenbergia debilis H.Buek, endemic
Wahlenbergia rara Schltr. & Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia rhytidosperma Thulin, endemic
Wahlenbergia rigida Bernh. accepted as Theilera robusta (A.DC.) Cupido, present
Wahlenbergia riversdalensis Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia rivularis Diels, endemic
Wahlenbergia robusta (A.DC.) Sond. accepted as Theilera robusta (A.DC.) Cupido, endemic
Wahlenbergia roelliflora Schltr. & Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia rotundifolia Brehmer, accepted as Wahlenbergia brehmeri Lammers, present
Wahlenbergia rubens (H.Buek) Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia rubens (H.Buek) Lammers var. brachyphylla (Adamson) W.G.Welman, endemic
Wahlenbergia rubens (H.Buek) Lammers var. rubens, endemic
Wahlenbergia rubioides (Banks ex A.DC.) Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia rubioides (Banks ex A.DC.) Lammers var. rubioides, endemic
Wahlenbergia rubioides (Banks ex A.DC.) Lammers var. stokoei (Adamson) W.G.Welman, endemic
Wahlenbergia saxifragoides Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia schistacea Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia schlechteri Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia scopella Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia serpentina Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia sessiliflora Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia sonderi Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia sphaerica Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia squamifolia Brehmer, indigenous
Wahlenbergia squarrosa Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia stellarioides Cham. & Schltdl. endemic
Wahlenbergia subfusiformis Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia subpilosa Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia subrosulata Brehmer, indigenous
Wahlenbergia subtilis Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia subulata (L'Her.) Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia subulata (L'Her.) Lammers var. congesta (Adamson) W.G.Welman, endemic
Wahlenbergia subulata (L'Her.) Lammers var. subulata, endemic
Wahlenbergia subulata (L'Her.) Lammers var. tenuifolia (Adamson) W.G.Welman, endemic
Wahlenbergia subumbellata Markgr. indigenous
Wahlenbergia suffruticosa Cupido, indigenous
Wahlenbergia swellendamensis H.Buek, accepted as Wahlenbergia ecklonii H.Buek, present
Wahlenbergia tenella (L.f.) Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia tenella (L.f.) Lammers var. palustris (Adamson) W.G.Welman, endemic
Wahlenbergia tenella (L.f.) Lammers var. stokoei (Adamson) W.G.Welman, endemic
Wahlenbergia tenella (L.f.) Lammers var. tenella, endemic
Wahlenbergia tenerrima (H.Buek) Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia tenerrima (H.Buek) Lammers var. montana (Adamson) W.G.Welman, endemic
Wahlenbergia tenerrima (H.Buek) Lammers var. tenerrima, endemic
Wahlenbergia tenuis A.DC. indigenous
Wahlenbergia tetramera Thulin, endemic
Wahlenbergia thulinii Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia thunbergiana (H.Buek) Lammers, indigenous
Wahlenbergia thunbergii (Schult.) B.Nord. indigenous
Wahlenbergia thunbergii (Schult.) B.Nord. var. debilis (Sond.) B.Nord. endemic
Wahlenbergia thunbergii (Schult.) B.Nord. var. filifolia (Adamson) B.Nord. endemic
Wahlenbergia thunbergii (Schult.) B.Nord. var. thunbergii, endemic
Wahlenbergia tomentosula Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia tortilis Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia transvaalensis Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia tumida Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia uitenhagensis (H.Buek) Lammers, accepted as Wahlenbergia thunbergii (Schult.) B.Nord. var. thunbergii, endemic
Wahlenbergia uitenhagensis (H.Buek) Lammers var. debilis (Sond.) W.G.Welman, accepted as Wahlenbergia thunbergii (Schult.) B.Nord. var. debilis (Sond.) B.Nord. endemic
Wahlenbergia uitenhagensis (H.Buek) Lammers var. filifolia (Adamson) W.G.Welman, accepted as Wahlenbergia thunbergii (Schult.) B.Nord. var. filifolia (Adamson) B.Nord. endemic
Wahlenbergia umbellata (Adamson) Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia undulata (L.f.) A.DC. indigenous
Wahlenbergia unidentata (L.f.) Lammers, endemic
Wahlenbergia virgata Engl. indigenous
Wahlenbergia virgulta Brehmer, endemic
Wahlenbergia wyleyana Sond. endemic
Goodeniaceae
Family: Goodeniaceae,
Genus Scaevola:
Scaevola plumieri (L.) Vahl, indigenous
Scaevola sericea Vahl, indigenous
Lobeliaceae
Family: Lobeliaceae,
Cyphia
Genus Cyphia:
Cyphia alba N.E.Br. indigenous
Cyphia alicedalensis E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia angustifolia C.Presl ex Eckl. & Zeyh. endemic
Cyphia angustiloba C.Presl ex Eckl. & Zeyh. endemic
Cyphia aspergilloides E.Wimm. indigenous
Cyphia aspergilloides E.Wimm. var. aspergilloides, endemic
Cyphia aspergilloides E.Wimm. var. brevipes E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia assimilis Sond. endemic
Cyphia assimilis Sond. var. latifolia E.Phillips, accepted as Cyphia phillipsii E.Wimm. present
Cyphia basiloba E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia belfastica E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia bolusii E.Phillips, indigenous
Cyphia bulbosa (L.) P.J.Bergius, indigenous
Cyphia bulbosa (L.) P.J.Bergius var. acocksii E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia bulbosa (L.) P.J.Bergius var. bulbosa, endemic
Cyphia bulbosa (L.) P.J.Bergius var. hafstroemii E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia bulbosa (L.) P.J.Bergius var. leiandra E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia bulbosa (L.) P.J.Bergius var. orientalis E.Phillips, accepted as Cyphia linarioides C.Presl ex Eckl. & Zeyh. present
Cyphia campestris Eckl. & Zeyh. ex C.Presl, indigenous
Cyphia campestris Eckl. & Zeyh. ex C.Presl var. campestris, endemic
Cyphia campestris Eckl. & Zeyh. ex C.Presl var. nudiuscula E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia comptonii Bond, endemic
Cyphia corylifolia Harv. endemic
Cyphia crenata (Thunb.) C.Presl, indigenous
Cyphia crenata (Thunb.) C.Presl var. angustifolia E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia crenata (Thunb.) C.Presl var. crenata, endemic
Cyphia deltoidea E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia dentariifolia C.Presl, indigenous
Cyphia dentariifolia C.Presl var. dentariifolia, indigenous
Cyphia dentariifolia C.Presl var. luttigii E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia dentariifolia C.Presl var. psilandra E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia dentata E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia digitata (Thunb.) Willd. indigenous
Cyphia digitata (Thunb.) Willd. subsp. digitata, endemic
Cyphia digitata (Thunb.) Willd. subsp. gracilis E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia eckloniana C.Presl ex Eckl. & Zeyh. endemic
Cyphia elata Harv. indigenous
Cyphia elata Harv. var. elata, indigenous
Cyphia elata Harv. var. gerrardii (Harv.) E.Wimm. indigenous
Cyphia elata Harv. var. glabra Harv. endemic
Cyphia elata Harv. var. globularis E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia elata Harv. var. oblongifolia (Sond. & Harv.) E.Phillips, accepted as Cyphia oblongifolia Sond. & Harv. present
Cyphia galpinii E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia georgica E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia glabra E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia heterophylla C.Presl ex Eckl. & Zeyh. endemic
Cyphia incisa (Thunb.) Willd. indigenous
Cyphia incisa (Thunb.) Willd. var. bracteata E.Phillips, endemic
Cyphia incisa (Thunb.) Willd. var. cardamines (Thunb.) E.Phillips, endemic
Cyphia incisa (Thunb.) Willd. var. incisa, endemic
Cyphia incisa (Thunb.) Willd. var. lyrata E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia incisa (Thunb.) Willd. var. sinuata E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia latipetala C.Presl, endemic
Cyphia linarioides C.Presl ex Eckl. & Zeyh. endemic
Cyphia longiflora Schltr. endemic
Cyphia longifolia N.E.Br. endemic
Cyphia longifolia N.E.Br. var. baurii E.Phillips, accepted as Cyphia longifolia N.E.Br. present
Cyphia longilobata E.Phillips, endemic
Cyphia longipedicellata E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia longipetala C.Presl, endemic
Cyphia maculosa E.Phillips, endemic
Cyphia natalensis E.Phillips, endemic
Cyphia oblongifolia Sond. & Harv. indigenous
Cyphia oligotricha Schltr. endemic
Cyphia persicifolia C.Presl, endemic
Cyphia phillipsii E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia phyteuma (L.) Willd. indigenous
Cyphia phyteuma (L.) Willd. var. ciliata E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia phyteuma (L.) Willd. var. grandidentata E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia phyteuma (L.) Willd. var. phyteuma, endemic
Cyphia polydactyla C.Presl, endemic
Cyphia psilostemon E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia ramosa E.Wimm. indigenous
Cyphia ranunculifolia E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia revoluta E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia rogersii S.Moore, indigenous
Cyphia rogersii S.Moore subsp. rogersii, indigenous
Cyphia rogersii S.Moore subsp. winteri E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia salteri E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia schlechteri E.Phillips, endemic
Cyphia smutsii E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia stenodonta E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia stenopetala Diels, indigenous
Cyphia stenophylla E.Wimm. indigenous
Cyphia subtubulata E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia sylvatica Eckl. indigenous
Cyphia sylvatica Eckl. var. graminea E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia sylvatica Eckl. var. salicifolia (C.Presl ex Eckl. & Zeyh.) E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia sylvatica Eckl. var. sylvatica, endemic
Cyphia tenera Diels, endemic
Cyphia tortilis N.E.Br. endemic
Cyphia transvaalensis E.Phillips, endemic
Cyphia tricuspis E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia triphylla E.Phillips, indigenous
Cyphia tysonii E.Phillips, endemic
Cyphia undulata Eckl. endemic
Cyphia volubilis (Burm.f.) Willd. indigenous
Cyphia volubilis (Burm.f.) Willd. var. banksiana E.Wimm. endemic
Cyphia volubilis (Burm.f.) Willd. var. intermedia E.Wimm. accepted as Cyphia longipetala C.Presl, present
Cyphia volubilis (Burm.f.) Willd. var. latipetala (C.Presl ex Eckl. & Zeyh.) E.Wimm. accepted as Cyphia latipetala C.Presl, present
Cyphia volubilis (Burm.f.) Willd. var. longipes E.Wimm. accepted as Cyphia angustiloba C.Presl ex Eckl. & Zeyh. present
Cyphia volubilis (Burm.f.) Willd. var. volubilis, endemic
Cyphia zeyheriana C.Presl ex Eckl. & Zeyh. endemic
Grammatotheca
Genus Grammatotheca:
Grammatotheca bergiana (Cham.) C.Presl, indigenous
Grammatotheca bergiana (Cham.) C.Presl var. bergiana, endemic
Grammatotheca bergiana (Cham.) C.Presl var. ekloniana (C.Presl) E.Wimm. endemic
Grammatotheca bergiana (Cham.) C.Presl var. foliosa E.Wimm. endemic
Grammatotheca bergiana (Cham.) C.Presl var. pedunculata E.Wimm. endemic
Laurentia
Genus Laurentia:
Laurentia arabidea (C.Presl) A.DC. accepted as Wimmerella arabidea (C.Presl) Serra, M.B.Crespo & Lammers, present
Laurentia bifida (Thunb.) Sond. accepted as Wimmerella bifida (Thunb.) Serra, M.B.Crespo & Lammers, present
Laurentia frontidentata E.Wimm. accepted as Wimmerella frontidentata (E.Wimm.) Serra, M.B.Crespo & Lammers, present
Laurentia giftbergensis (E.Phillips) E.Wimm. accepted as Wimmerella bifida (Thunb.) Serra, M.B.Crespo & Lammers, present
Laurentia hederacea Sond. accepted as Wimmerella hederacea (Sond.) Serra, M.B.Crespo & Lammers, present
Laurentia hedyotidea Schltr. accepted as Wimmerella hedyotidea (Schltr.) Serra, M.B.Crespo & Lammers, present
Laurentia longitubus E.Wimm. accepted as Wimmerella longitubus (E.Wimm.) Serra, M.B.Crespo & Lammers, present
Laurentia mariae E.Wimm. accepted as Wimmerella mariae (E.Wimm.) Serra, M.B.Crespo & Lammers, present
Laurentia pygmaea (Thunb.) Sond. var. pygmaea, accepted as Wimmerella pygmaea (Thunb.) Serra, M.B.Crespo & Lammers, present
Laurentia secunda (L.f.) Kuntze, accepted as Wimmerella secunda (L.f.) Serra, M.B.Crespo & Lammers, present
Lobelia
Genus Lobelia:
Lobelia acutangula (C.Presl) A.DC. accepted as Lobelia flaccida (C.Presl) A.DC. subsp. flaccida, present
Lobelia anceps L.f. endemic
Lobelia angolensis Engl. & Diels, accepted as Lobelia sonderiana (Kuntze) Lammers, present
Lobelia aquaemontis E.Wimm. endemic
Lobelia ardisiandroides Schltr. endemic
Lobelia barkerae E.Wimm. endemic
Lobelia bicolor Sims, accepted as Lobelia erinus L. present
Lobelia boivinii Sond. endemic
Lobelia caerulea Hook. var. caerulea, accepted as Lobelia tomentosa L.f. present
Lobelia caerulea Hook. var. macularis (C.Presl) E.Wimm. accepted as Lobelia tomentosa L.f. present
Lobelia capensis E.Wimm. accepted as Lobelia limosa (Adamson) E.Wimm. present
Lobelia capillifolia (C.Presl) A.DC. endemic
Lobelia chamaedryfolia (C.Presl) A.DC. endemic
Lobelia chamaepitys Lam. indigenous
Lobelia chamaepitys Lam. var. ceratophylla (C.Presl) E.Wimm. endemic
Lobelia chamaepitys Lam. var. chamaepitys, endemic
Lobelia chinensis Lour. not indigenous
Lobelia cinerea Thunb. accepted as Wahlenbergia albicaulis (Sond.) Lammers, indigenous
Lobelia cochlearifolia Diels, endemic
Lobelia comosa L. indigenous
Lobelia comosa L. var. comosa, endemic
Lobelia comosa L. var. foliosa E.Wimm. endemic
Lobelia comosa L. var. microdon (C.Presl) E.Wimm. endemic
Lobelia comosa L. var. secundata (Sond.) E.Wimm. endemic
Lobelia comptonii E.Wimm. endemic
Lobelia corniculata Thulin, indigenous
Lobelia coronopifolia L. endemic
Lobelia cuneifolia Link & Otto, indigenous
Lobelia cuneifolia Link & Otto var. ananda E.Wimm. endemic
Lobelia cuneifolia Link & Otto var. cuneifolia, endemic
Lobelia cuneifolia Link & Otto var. hirsuta (C.Presl) E.Wimm. endemic
Lobelia cyphioides Harv. endemic
Lobelia dasyphylla E.Wimm. endemic
Lobelia decurrentifolia (Kuntze) K.Schum. endemic
Lobelia dichroma Schltr. endemic
Lobelia dodiana E.Wimm. var. dodiana, accepted as Lobelia quadrisepala (R.D.Good) E.Wimm. present
Lobelia dodiana E.Wimm. var. radicans (Schonland) E.Wimm. accepted as Lobelia zwartkopensis E.Wimm. present
Lobelia dregeana (C.Presl) A.DC. indigenous
Lobelia eckloniana (C.Presl) A.DC. endemic
Lobelia erinus L. indigenous
Lobelia esterhuyseniae E.Wimm. accepted as Lobelia comptonii E.Wimm. present
Lobelia eurypoda E.Wimm. indigenous
Lobelia eurypoda E.Wimm. var. eurypoda, indigenous
Lobelia eurypoda E.Wimm. var. fissurarum E.Wimm. endemic
Lobelia flaccida (C.Presl) A.DC. indigenous
Lobelia flaccida (C.Presl) A.DC. subsp. flaccida, indigenous
Lobelia flaccida (C.Presl) A.DC. subsp. mossiana (R.D.Good) Thulin, indigenous
Lobelia galpinii Schltr. indigenous
Lobelia goetzei Diels, indigenous
Lobelia hypsibata E.Wimm. endemic
Lobelia jasionoides (A.DC.) E.Wimm. indigenous
Lobelia jasionoides (A.DC.) E.Wimm. var. jasionoides, endemic
Lobelia jasionoides (A.DC.) E.Wimm. var. sparsiflora (Sond.) E.Wimm. endemic
Lobelia laurentioides Schltr. endemic
Lobelia laxa MacOwan, indigenous
Lobelia limosa (Adamson) E.Wimm. endemic
Lobelia linarioides (C.Presl) A.DC. accepted as Lobelia flaccida (C.Presl) A.DC. subsp. flaccida, present
Lobelia linearis Thunb. endemic
Lobelia lobata E.Wimm. indigenous
Lobelia malowensis E.Wimm. indigenous
Lobelia montaguensis E.Wimm. accepted as Lobelia erinus L. present
Lobelia muscoides Cham. endemic
Lobelia neglecta Roem. & Schult. endemic
Lobelia nugax E.Wimm. endemic
Lobelia oranjensis E.Wimm. accepted as Lobelia erinus L. present
Lobelia oreas E.Wimm. accepted as Lobelia flaccida (C.Presl) A.DC. subsp. flaccida, present
Lobelia parvifolia P.J.Bergius, accepted as Wahlenbergia parvifolia (P.J.Bergius) Lammers, endemic
Lobelia parvisepala E.Wimm. accepted as Lobelia erinus L. present
Lobelia patula L.f. endemic
Lobelia pentheri E.Wimm. accepted as Lobelia flaccida (C.Presl) A.DC. subsp. flaccida, present
Lobelia pinifolia L. endemic
Lobelia pinifolia L. var. laricina E.Wimm. accepted as Lobelia tomentosa L.f. present
Lobelia preslii A.DC. indigenous
Lobelia pteropoda (C.Presl) A.DC. endemic
Lobelia pubescens Dryand. ex Aiton, indigenous
Lobelia pubescens Dryand. ex Aiton var. holopsida E.Wimm. endemic
Lobelia pubescens Dryand. ex Aiton var. incisa (C.Presl) Sond. endemic
Lobelia pubescens Dryand. ex Aiton var. jaquiniana Sond. endemic
Lobelia pubescens Dryand. ex Aiton var. pubescens, endemic
Lobelia pubescens Dryand. ex Aiton var. rotundifolia E.Wimm. endemic
Lobelia quadrisepala (R.D.Good) E.Wimm. endemic
Lobelia reinekeana E.Wimm. accepted as Lobelia flaccida (C.Presl) A.DC. subsp. flaccida, present
Lobelia setacea Thunb. indigenous
Lobelia setacea Thunb. var. dissectifolia E.Wimm. endemic
Lobelia setacea Thunb. var. setacea, endemic
Lobelia sonderiana (Kuntze) Lammers, indigenous
Lobelia stenosiphon (Adamson) E.Wimm. endemic
Lobelia sutherlandii E.Wimm. accepted as Lobelia flaccida (C.Presl) A.DC. subsp. flaccida, present
Lobelia thermalis Thunb. indigenous
Lobelia tomentosa L.f. indigenous
Lobelia trullifolia Hemsl. indigenous
Lobelia trullifolia Hemsl. subsp. delicatula (Compton) Thulin, indigenous
Lobelia valida L.Bolus, endemic
Lobelia vanreenensis (Kuntze) K.Schum. indigenous
Lobelia wilmsiana Diels, accepted as Lobelia flaccida (C.Presl) A.DC. subsp. flaccida, present
Lobelia zwartkopensis E.Wimm. endemic
Monopsis
Genus Monopsis:
Monopsis acrodon E.Wimm. endemic
Monopsis alba Phillipson, endemic
Monopsis belliflora E.Wimm. endemic
Monopsis debilis (L.f.) C.Presl, indigenous
Monopsis debilis (L.f.) C.Presl var. debilis, endemic
Monopsis debilis (L.f.) C.Presl var. depressa (L.f.) Phillipson, endemic
Monopsis debilis (L.f.) C.Presl var. gracilis (C.Presl) Phillipson, endemic
Monopsis decipiens (Sond.) Thulin, indigenous
Monopsis flava (C.Presl ex Eckl. & Zeyh.) E.Wimm. endemic
Monopsis kowynensis E.Wimm. endemic
Monopsis lutea (L.) Urb. endemic
Monopsis scabra (Thunb.) Urb. endemic
Monopsis simplex (L.) E.Wimm. endemic
Monopsis stellarioides (C.Presl) Urb. indigenous
Monopsis stellarioides (C.Presl) Urb. subsp. stellarioides, indigenous
Monopsis unidentata (Dryand.) E.Wimm. indigenous
Monopsis unidentata (Dryand.) E.Wimm. subsp. intermedia Phillipson, endemic
Monopsis unidentata (Dryand.) E.Wimm. subsp. laevicaulis (C.Presl) Phillipson, endemic
Monopsis unidentata (Dryand.) E.Wimm. subsp. unidentata, endemic
Monopsis variifolia (Sims) Urb. endemic
Monopsis zeyheri (Sond.) Thulin, indigenous
Unigenes
Genus Unigenes:
Unigenes humifusa A.DC. endemic
Wimmerella
Genus Wimmerella:
Wimmerella arabidea (C.Presl) Serra, M.B.Crespo & Lammers, indigenous
Wimmerella bifida (Thunb.) Serra, M.B.Crespo & Lammers, endemic
Wimmerella frontidentata (E.Wimm.) Serra, M.B.Crespo & Lammers, endemic
Wimmerella giftbergensis (E.Phillips) Serra, M.B.Crespo & Lammers, accepted as Wimmerella bifida (Thunb.) Serra, M.B.Crespo & Lammers, present
Wimmerella hederacea (Sond.) Serra, M.B.Crespo & Lammers, endemic
Wimmerella hedyotidea (Schltr.) Serra, M.B.Crespo & Lammers, endemic
Wimmerella longitubus (E.Wimm.) Serra, M.B.Crespo & Lammers, endemic
Wimmerella mariae (E.Wimm.) Serra, M.B.Crespo & Lammers, endemic
Wimmerella pygmaea (Thunb.) Serra, M.B.Crespo & Lammers, endemic
Wimmerella secunda (L.f.) Serra, M.B.Crespo & Lammers, endemic
Menyanthaceae
Family: Menyanthaceae,
Nymphoides
Genus Nymphoides:
Nymphoides forbesiana (Griseb.) Kuntze, indigenous
Nymphoides indica (L.) Kuntze, indigenous
Nymphoides indica (L.) Kuntze subsp. occidentalis A.Raynal, indigenous
Nymphoides peltata (S.G.Gmel.) Kuntze, not indigenous, invasive
Nymphoides rautanenii (N.E.Br.) A.Raynal, indigenous
Nymphoides thunbergiana (Griseb.) Kuntze, indigenous
Villarsia
Genus Villarsia
Villarsia capensis (Houtt.) Merr. endemic
Villarsia goldblattiana Ornduff, endemic
Villarsia manningiana Ornduff, endemic
References
South African plant biodiversity lists
Asterales |
1907274 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conspiracy%20in%20Mind | Conspiracy in Mind | Conspiracy in Mind is the debut album by the Norwegian progressive/power metal band Communic.
Track listing
Reception
In 2005, Conspiracy in Mind was ranked number 497 in Rock Hard magazine's book of The 500 Greatest Rock & Metal Albums of All Time.
Personnel
Communic
Oddleif Stensland – vocals, guitars
Erik Mortensen – bass
Tor Atle Andersen – drums
Additional musicians
Peter Jensen – keyboards
Production
Recorded, mixed and mastered by Jacob Hansen at Hansen Studios, Denmark
Technical information
Artwork by Mattias Norén of ProgArt Media
References
2005 albums
Communic albums
Albums produced by Jacob Hansen |
55804868 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irul | Irul | Irul () ( Darkness) is a 2017 Singaporen-Tamil-language television series starring R.Venga, Nithiya Rao, Vishnu, Gayathri, Gunaseelan, S. Nachiyappan. It replaced Kalyanam (season 2) and it broadcast on MediaCorp Vasantham on Monday through Thursday from 25 September 2017 to 6 December 2017 at 10:00PM (SST) for 40 Episodes. It was director by S. Kumaran.
Synopsis
It is a story about in explores the lives of Anu and Ragu, a happily married couple whose lives take a chaotic turn when Anu starts to experience hallucinations.
Cast
R.Venga
Nithiya Rao
Vishnu
Gayathri
Gunaseelan
S. Nachiyappan
Malene
Karthik Kannan
Usha Rain
Prasakthi
Santhi
Mageswaran
Parthibeen
Prakas Arasu
Logan
Jamuna Gopinath
Balaji
Naddabalan
Vikram
T.Neshma
Surya
Veera
Kasim musa
Raj
Baby Oceanna
Broadcast
Series was released on 25 September 2017 on Mediacorp Vasantham. It aired in Malaysia on Mediacorp Vasantham, Its full length episodes and released its episodes on their app MeWatch, a live TV feature was introduced on MeWatch with English Subtitle.
References
External links
Vasantham Official Website
Vasantham Facebook
Irul Serial Episodes
Vasantham (TV channel)
2010s Tamil-language television series
Tamil-language horror fiction television series
Singapore Tamil dramas
2017 Tamil-language television series debuts
Tamil-language television shows
2017 Tamil-language television series endings |
36154470 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentin%20Olenik | Valentin Olenik | Valentin Grigoryevich Olenik (; 18 July 1939 – 12 February 1987) was a Russian wrestler who competed in the 1964 Summer Olympics and in the 1968 Summer Olympics.
References
External links
1939 births
1987 deaths
Olympic wrestlers of the Soviet Union
Wrestlers at the 1964 Summer Olympics
Wrestlers at the 1968 Summer Olympics
Russian male sport wrestlers
Olympic silver medalists for the Soviet Union
Olympic medalists in wrestling
World Wrestling Championships medalists
Medalists at the 1968 Summer Olympics |
10400653 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustafson%27s%20Farm | Gustafson's Farm | Gustafson's Farm is a brand name of milk and dairy products sold in the U.S. state of Florida. The main Gustafson Dairy Farm is located in Green Cove Springs, Florida, and was one of the largest privately owned dairy farms in the Southeast United States. Started in 1908, the main farm occupies nearly 10,000 acres (40 km²) in Green Cove Springs. Their first cow on their farm was named "Buttercup".
The Gustafson brand is now owned by Southeast Milk Inc., a dairy cooperative based in Belleview, Florida. The production plant in Green Cove Springs, Florida closed in October, 2013, but Gustafson labeled products are still produced at the Southeast Milk Inc. facility and distributed in Florida. All Gustafson products have the picture of the husband-and-wife founders, Frank and Agnes Gustafson, (also known as Mama and Papa Gus) prominently featured on its packaging. Gustafson's main competitors are Dean Foods (owner of Florida-based T. G. Lee and MacArthur Dairy) and Borden Dairy.
See also
List of dairy product companies in the United States
External links
Gustafson's Farm website
Gustafson Dairy Farm Closing News Article
Dairy products companies of the United States
1908 establishments in Florida
Farms in Florida
Clay County, Florida |
8249659 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campo%20Iemini%20Venus | Campo Iemini Venus | The Campo Iemini Venus is a marble sculpture of the Venus Pudica/Capitoline Venus type. It was unearthed in the spring of 1792 among other sculptures in the excavation of a Roman villa at Campo Iemini, near Torvaianica, in Lazio (illustration, left). The dig was directed by the English dealer in Roman antiquities Robert Fagan (1761-1816) under the patronage of Prince Augustus, the Duke of Sussex in partnership with Sir Corbet Corbet (British Museum). At the time of its discovery the English in particular found it superior to the Capitoline Venus. After restoration in Rome it was shipped to London, where Prince Augustus gave it to his brother the Prince Regent, who set it up at Carlton House. After his death, when Carlton House was replaced by a terrace of houses, William IV donated it to the British Museum.
References
Wilton, A. and I. Bignamini (editors.), Grand Tour: the lure of Italy in the eighteenth century (London, Tate Gallery Publishing, 1996), pp. 269–270, no. 228.
Capitoline
Capitoline Venuses
Ancient Greek and Roman sculptures in the British Museum
Roman copies of Greek sculptures
Archaeological discoveries in Italy
1792 archaeological discoveries |
4467427 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/For%C3%A7a%20Sindical | Força Sindical | The Força Sindical (FS) is a trade union centre in Brazil. It was formed in 1991 by Luis Antônio Medeiros, a leader from the Confederação Geral dos Trabalhadores.
The FS is affiliated with the International Trade Union Confederation.
References
External links
www.fsindical.org.br Website.
Trade unions in Brazil
International Trade Union Confederation
National federations of trade unions
Trade unions established in 1991
1991 establishments in Brazil |
56324730 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slordax%3A%20The%20Unknown%20Enemy | Slordax: The Unknown Enemy | Slordax: The Unknown Enemy is a vertically scrolling shooter developed and published by Softdisk in 1991. The developers of the game left to found id Software soon after its creation, and Slordax was also marketed by Softdisk as part of The Lost Game Collection of ID Software along with several games created by id on contract for Softdisk.
Plot
Seven centuries ago, a war was waged by the Slordax that lasted a hundred years as they tried to conquer the universe. Currently the Intergalactic Defense Alliance (I.D.A.) believes that Slordax will return and start another devastating war. The I.D.A. sends a fighter pilot in a RedDog Adaptive Strike Ship to destroy the enemy bases in the Slordian galaxy before the Slordax can build their forces.
Gameplay
The player moves through five stages destroying enemies, avoiding traps and collecting powerups. When the player reaches the end point of the stage, all enemies on screen must be destroyed to proceed to the next stage. The player begins with a single shot projection and a two lives. When the player's ship is destroyed, a life is lost and the ship's firepower resets back to a single shot. After all five stages are completed, the game loops back to the first stage.
Development
Development was being done in conjunction with Shadow Knights around 1990. At the time Commander Keen in Invasion of the Vorticons was in development outside working hours with Softdisk. Slordax was the first game to make use of Tile Editor v1.01 (TED1).
References
External links
Official website
1991 video games
DOS games
DOS-only games
Video games set in outer space
Vertically scrolling shooters
Video games developed in the United States
Softdisk |
59417099 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s%20Fern%C3%A1ndez%20%28footballer%2C%20born%201999%29 | Nicolás Fernández (footballer, born 1999) | Nicolás Esteban Fernández Muñoz (born 3 August 1999) is a Chilean footballer who plays for Audax Italiano.
References
1999 births
Living people
Chilean footballers
Chilean Primera División players
Audax Italiano footballers
Association football defenders |
13074492 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20B.%20McColl%20%28Canadian%20politician%29 | John B. McColl (Canadian politician) | John B. McColl (January 26, 1861 – February 24, 1940) was a Canadian politician.
Born in Murray Township, Northumberland County, Canada West, the son of John H. and Martha McColl, McColl was educated at the Public School and the High School of Trenton, Ontario. A lawyer, he was a Member of the Town Council of Cobourg for one year and Deputy Reeve and Commissioner of the Town Trust of Cobourg for one year. He was an unsuccessful candidate for the electoral district of Northumberland West at the general elections of 1896. A Liberal, he elected to the House of Commons of Canada in the 1900, 1904, and 1908 elections. He was defeated in the 1911 election.
References
The Canadian Parliament; biographical sketches and photo-engravures of the senators and members of the House of Commons of Canada. Being the tenth Parliament, elected November 3, 1904
1861 births
1940 deaths
Liberal Party of Canada MPs
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Ontario
People from Cobourg |
57918056 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensualidad%20%28song%29 | Sensualidad (song) | "Sensualidad" is a song by Puerto Rican rapper Bad Bunny, American singer Prince Royce, and Colombian singer J Balvin featuring producers Mambo Kingz and DJ Luian. It was released by Hear this Music on November 3, 2017 as a single. The song is the first top 10 hit for Mambo Kingz and DJ Luian on the US Billboard Hot Latin Songs chart. It also serves as Bad Bunny's first top 10 song as a lead artist on the chart.
Music video
The accompanying music video for "Sensualidad" was uploaded to Hear This Music's YouTube channel on November 2, 2017. It was directed by Fernando Lugo and filmed in the Dominican Republic.
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Certifications
Release history
References
2017 songs
2017 singles
Bad Bunny songs
J Balvin songs
Prince Royce songs
Latin pop songs
Number-one singles in Spain
Spanish-language songs
Songs written by J Balvin
Songs written by Bad Bunny
Songs written by Prince Royce
Songs written by Edgar Semper
Songs written by Xavier Semper |
5954148 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin%20Long%20%28running%20back%29 | Kevin Long (running back) | Kevin Fernando Long (born January 20, 1955) is a retired American football running back who played in the National Football League and the United States Football League.
College
Kevin Long attended University of South Carolina and was a standout fullback for the Gamecocks. He rushed for 2,372 yards, 8th overall on Carolina's all-time list as of 2006. His average per rush was 5.3 yards and he was the first Gamecock player to compile 1,000 yards in a season (1975). In 2002, Kevin was inducted into the University of South Carolina Athletic Hall of Fame, and in 2003, into the State of South Carolina Athletic Hall of Fame.
NFL/USFL
Kevin was drafted in the 7th round (195th overall) by the New York Jets in the 1977 NFL Draft and played five solid seasons for the Jets, until 1981. However, he is probably best remembered as a former USFL player. He played three seasons in the newly formed league, first for the Chicago Blitz in 1983, and then for the Arizona Wranglers in 1984. Due to the full-team trade that occurred during the first off-season between Chicago and Arizona, the 1984 Arizona team was basically the same team that had played in Chicago in 1983. After the 1984 season, Arizona then merged with the Oklahoma Outlaws franchise, and Kevin played for the new Arizona Outlaws team in 1985.
Current status
Today, Kevin works in sales for a vending machine company. He is married and has three daughters. His eldest daughter won a track and field scholarship to the University of Georgia. His second daughter plays volleyball at the College of Charleston.
External links
NFL Profile
PFR Profile
References
Daily Gamecock article
1983 USFL Statistics
Small profile on Kevin Long
1955 births
Living people
People from Clinton, South Carolina
Players of American football from South Carolina
American football running backs
South Carolina Gamecocks football players
New York Jets players
Chicago Blitz players
Arizona Wranglers players |
48733880 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromachus | Andromachus | Andromachus () is the name of a number of people from classical antiquity:
Andromachus of Cyprus, 4th century BCE commander of the Cyprian fleet at the Siege of Tyre by Alexander the Great
Andromachus (ruler of Tauromenium), 4th century BCE ruler of ancient Tauromenium, Sicily
Andromachus (cavalry general), commander of the Eleans in 364 BCE who committed suicide after his army was defeated by the Arcadians
Andromachus (son of Achaeus), 3rd century BCE Anatolian nobleman, son of Achaeus, and grandson of Seleucus I Nicator
Andromachus of Aspendus, one of the commanders of the forces of Ptolemy IV Philopator at the Battle of Raphia in 217 BCE
Andromachus (physician), two Greek physicians, father and son, who lived in the time of Roman emperor Nero in the 1st century CE
Andromachus (grammarian), quoted in the Scholia on Homer and possibly the author of the 12th-century Etymologicum Magnum
Andromachus Philologus, the 3rd-century CE husband of Moero and father of Homerus |
41639219 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Baker%20of%20Audlem | William Baker of Audlem | William Baker of Audlem (1705–1771) was an architect, surveyor and building contractor, working in Shropshire and the adjacent counties in the middle years of the 18th century.
Early life
He was the son of Richard Baker, who had moved from London to Ludlow. In 1737 he married Jane Dod of Audlem and for a time lived at Bridgnorth. In the 1740s his wife inherited Highfields House and they moved to Audlem.
Career
Baker was employed by the noted architect Francis Smith of Warwick in the 1730s. His account book for the years 1748–1759 survives, which provides information about his architectural and surveying practice. The house in which he lived at Highfields was the subject of an article in Country Life, where a portrait of the architect survives.
Architectural work
Baker was well grounded in the fashionable architecture of the early 18th century, having first worked for Francis Smith of Warwick. He is mentioned as working as a carpenter for Smith at Ditchley in Oxfordshire in 1727. He set up his own practice around 1740 and also acted as a building contractor and surveyor. Initially he developed the practice in eastern Shropshire and Staffordshire and continued to work for many of clients of Francis Smith after Smith's death in 1738. Houses by Smith which Baker continued to work on included Mawley Hall in Shropshire, Swynerton Hall in Derbyshire and Wingerworth Hall in Derbyshire. He always had a close relationship with the innovative Shrewsbury architect Thomas Farnolls Pritchard. In 1743 at Ludlow, both Prichard and Baker put forward plans for the Buttercross, but it was Baker who was selected to do the work. In 1746 Baker was paid for the plans and work at the Royal Shrewsbury Infirmary, but the plans are signed by Thomas Farnolls Pritchard. It is likely that Pritchard was working under Baker on this project. Again for the building of St John's Church, Wolverhampton it is likely that Pritchard was the supervising architect working under Baker. In 1775–1775, after Baker's death, Pritchard continued Baker's survey work at Powis Castle.
The Ludlow Buttercross and Henry Arthur Herbert
Most notably Baker gained the patronage of Henry Arthur Herbert (1703–72), who became Earl of Powis in 1748 Baker would have known Henry Herbert from his Ludlow connections. Herbert was the Whig Member of Parliament and a member of Ludlow Town Council when Baker was awarded the contract to build the Ludlow Buttercross. Also in 1743 Henry Herbert relinquished his position as Member of Parliament when he inherited Powis Castle and became Lord Herbert of Chirbury. In 1735 he had been appointed Custos Rotulorum of Montgomeryshire and Lord-Lieutenant of Shropshire. and this now provided him with a power base to dispense patronage in both Montgomeryshire and Shropshire. Baker's design of the Buttercross (which housed the Ludlow Council Chamber) is based on James Gibbs "A Book of Architecture" (1728). Clearly the Buttercross impressed him.
Between 1748 and 1758 he got Baker to alter his house at Oakly Park at Bromfield, just outside Ludlow. Then, between 1748 and 1754 Baker undertook repairs at Powis Castle, possibly in preparation for Herbert to move into the castle. Also in 1748, Herbert got William Baker to design and build Montgomery Town Hall. The new Town Hall was intended to accommodate the Court of Great Sessions when it met at Montgomery and over which Herbert presided as Custos Rotulorum. At Bishops Castle Baker submitted designs for a new Town Hall to Herbert in 1745, but it was slightly later that the Town Hall was built and to modified designs.
Richard Baker
His son Richard Baker (1743–1803), continued the practice after his father's death in 1771. Richard seems to have practised mainly as a building surveyor, and there are few buildings that he designed.
List of architectural works
Public building and monuments
Bishops Castle, Shropshire. Town Hall 1745–1750
Ludlow, Shropshire, The Butter Cross 1743–1744. The design is derived from James Gibb's 'Book of Architecture', 1728. Faced with Grinshill stone with a low pedimented portico and a semi-circular or lunette window above. The parapet has heavy balustrading, capped with ball pinnacles.
Shrewsbury. Royal Shropshire Infirmary 1747. The plans are signed by Thomas Farnolls Pritchard, but Baker was commissioned and paid for the work.
Montgomery, The Town Hall 1748–1751,
Hereford, College of the Vicars Choral.1750. Repairs and alterations
Churches
St Peter's Church, Congleton, Cheshire. A church here since the 15th century (The Higher Chapel). The present church was built by William Baker in 1740–1742 for £2,000.
Stone, Staffordshire, Gothic revival 1754–1758 designed by William Robinson, Clerk to the Board of Works, who produced the first designs for Strawberry Hill for Horace Walpole
St John's Church, Wolverhampton, 1756–1759. A very grand ashlar faced church which is based on James Gibbs' St Martin-in-the-Fields, London. Built as a chapel of St Peter's Collegiate Church, Wolverhampton by a private Act of Parliament in 1755. There is some uncertainty as to whom the architect was, but there is no doubt that the main contractor was William Baker, who was helped by the local builder and architect, Roger Eykyn. Traditionally the design of the church has been credited to the Shrewsbury architect Thomas Farnolls Pritchard, but it could be that he supervised the construction for Baker.
Seighford, Staffordshire. Tower and Nave rebuilt. Metal framed gothic windows. Brick pilasters with ?mock artillery slits, which also appear on the crenellations of the tower; which is surmounted by four corner pinnacles. Looks like a very early attempt to re-create German Brick Gothic
Ellenhall, Staffordshire 1757. £1023 estimated for the repair of the Church.
St Mary's Church, Acton, near Nantwich, Cheshire. Upper part of the tower was blown into Nave, March 1757. Sandstone. The church must have been extensively re-built and the Medieval entrance has been altered and embellished. Remarkable ornamented west gable to Chancel. Ornamentation to tower below parapet, which has ‘gun slits’ in the crenulations (cf Seigford). Four crocketed corner pinnacles with lower mid-ball pinnacles on tower. Sundial surmounted with Baker's typical ball pinnacle.
St Chad's Church, Wybunbury, Cheshire. Tower leaning as the result of subsidence. Baker appears to have solved the problem, but the Nave and Chancel had to be demolished in 1970.
Plans for a Kirk in Gothic style at Kenmore Perthshire 1760.
Upper Penn church, nr Wolverhampton.1765. Baker cased the tower in brickwork. Crenulations to the parapet of tower with four crocketed corner pinnacles. Ornamented gothic tower window.
Houses
Most of these are recorded architectural drawings and surveys, and it is not clear to what extent Baker's work was carried out.
Ludlow 52 Broad Street
Wolverhampton Penn Hall
North Claines, Worcestershire. Bevere House 1748–1749
Morville Hall, Shropshire. Addition of two wings.
Liverpool. Houses in Hanover Street.1748. Demolished.
Mawley Hall, Shropshire. Possible work to stables 1748.
Ranton Abbey Staffordshire. Surveyed 1748–1742. Gutted c1940.
Powis Castle Montgomeryshire Unspecified work 1748–1754
Oakly Park, Bromfield. Alterations 1748–1758
Enville Staffordshire,"Lady Dorothy's Cottage" For the Earl of Stamford 1748-50
Morville, Aldenham House, Shropshire. Stable Block 1750–1751
Tixall Hall Staffordshire. 1750–1751. Demolished c. 1925.
Darlaston Hall, Staffordshire. Plans for a house. Demolished 1953.
Acton Burnell Hall, Shropshire 1753–1758
Wood Eaton, Staffordshire The Hall Farmhouse. 1753–1756.
Wingerworth Hall, Derbyshire. Work undertaken 1753–1754. Demolished c.1930.
Stoke on Tern, Shropshire, Woodhouse Farm, 1754–1758. An example of Baker's smaller brick houses, with central chimney stack. Each face of the house has a forward central bay, with doorway with a castellated or crenelated, pediment or parapet.<ref`>Mercer E "English Architecture to 1900: The Shropshire Experience" Logaston Press, 2003.201</ref>
Swynnerton Hall, Staffordshire. Outbuildings. 1754.
Patshull House, Staffordshire. 1754–1758. Baker completed the work of James Gibbs, who died in 1754. This included the flanking pavilions, and forecourt, with gateway and stables.
Hankelow Hall, Cheshire Alterations. 1755–1757.
Egginton Hall, Derbyshire. Alterations. 1755–1757.
Terrick Hall, Whitchurch. Plan 1756.
Whitmore Hall, Staffordshire. Survey 1765.
Brand Hall, Norton in Hales, Shropshire 1756. Minor Alterations.
Hanmer Hall, Wrexham. Additional building. 1756.
Astbury Rectory, Cheshire. Alterations 1757–1759. Typical ball pinnacles on parapet.
Keele Hall, Staffordshire. Alterations 1757–1759.
Dorfold Hall, Cheshire. Alterations 1757–1759.
Woodhouse or Wodehouse nr Wombourne, Staffordshire. Stable block. 1758–1759.
Sidway Hall near Maer, Staffordshire. Altered or rebuilt 1758–1759.
Teddesley Hall, Penkridge, Staffordshire. Possible wings, c1759, demolished 1954.
Houses attributed on stylistic grounds.
Burnhill Green Farm Patshull
Woore The Swan Hotel
Sibdon Carwood, Shropshire. Sibdon Castle,
Gallery of architectural work
References
Literature
Colvin H. A Biographical Dictionary of British Architects 1600-1840 Yale University Press, 4th edition London, 2008.
Ionides J. "Thomas Farnolls Pritchard of Shrewsbury, Architect and ‘Inventor of Cast Iron Bridges’". The Dog Rose Press, Ludlow 1999
Mercer E "English Architecture to 1900: The Shropshire Experience" Logaston Press, 2003.
R.Morrice ‘The Payment Book of William Baker of Audlem’, in "English Architecture Public and Private: Essays for Kerry Downes" ed Bold & Cheney,1993.
Reid P "Burke’s and Savills Guide to Country Houses, Vol II, Herefordshire, Shropshire, Warwickshire, Worcestershire" London, 1980, 104-5
J Newman and N Pevsner "The Buildings of England: Shropshire", Yale 2006.
J M Robinson "A Guide to the Country Houses of the North-West" Constable, 1991.
External links
Mawley Hall with illustration of Baker's Stable block.
Hankelow Hall under restoration.
1705 births
1771 deaths
18th-century English architects
People from Ludlow
Architects from Shropshire |
7181430 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shortspine%20spurdog | Shortspine spurdog | The shortspine spurdog (Squalus mitsukurii) is a dogfish, a member of the family Squalidae, found on continental shelves off Japan in temperate waters, from the surface to 950 m. Its length is up to 75 cm.
Taxonomy
The shortspine dogfish was once seen as a circumglobal species by many authors, including Compagno (1984) and Last & Stevens (1994). However, a series on papers published since 2007 have shown that a number of species synonymized with S. mitsukurii are distinct, and that the Hawaiian population of S. mitsukurii represent a distinct species, the Hawaiian spurdog.
References
Squalus
Fish described in 1903 |
31753317 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011%E2%80%9312%20Hong%20Kong%20First%20Division%20League | 2011–12 Hong Kong First Division League | The 2011–12 Hong Kong First Division League, also known as 2011–12 bma Hong Kong First Division League season was the 100th since its establishment. Kitchee SC was the defending champions, having won their 4th Hong Kong title in the previous season.
Teams
A total of 10 teams will contest the league, 8 of which already contested in the 2010–11 season and 2 of which will be promoted from the 2010–11 Hong Kong Second Division League.
Tai Chung was relegated to Second Division after ending a two-year tenure in First Division and HKFC was also relegated, making its immediate return to the second level after just one year in the Hong Kong top flight. The 2 relegated teams will be replaced by Sham Shui Po and Pontic from the 2010–11 Hong Kong Second Division League.
Fourway Rangers changed their name to Biu Chun Rangers.
Stadia
1As Mutual has withdrawn from 2011 to 2012 Hong Kong First Division League, Hong Kong Sapling is formed to replace.
Personnel and sponsorship
The 2011–12 season will continue to be sponsored by BMA Entertainment, a company owned by South China's convener Steven Lo. bma's sponsorship is worth HK$2 million. (approx US$250,000.) Of the HK$2 million, HK$1.2 million will be for the sponsorship of the Now TV Hong Kong football channel. The league winners will receive HK$500,000 prize money, while the 1st runner's up and 2nd runner's up will receive HK$200,000 and HK$100,000 respectively.
The referees' uniforms are sponsored by Lotto Sport Italia.
Television broadcast
For the 2011–12 season, Now TV's channel 634 will become the Hong Kong Football Channel. The first live broadcast of the season will be Kitchee vs Sun Hei SC on 3 September 2011. The production cost will be sponsored by the TV station and supported by HKFA and the clubs. Advertising revenues, after subtracting Now TV's costs, will be shared with HKFA. Now TV announced that the channel will be free to all Now TV subscribers. The production cost of the channel is about HK$40 million. Now TV hopes that the Hong Kong government will subsidise the channel in the future, because they will also broadcast Hong Kong's inter-school matches.
As Sun Hei has decided not to take part in the TV broadcast package, the HKFA has imposed four broadcast sanctions: No live home game broadcasts, no division of advertising revenues, no interviews or feature programmes of team personnel and no mention of their sponsors' names. Faced with these sanctions, Sun Hei's Chung Chi Kwong continued to say the club has the right to spend its resources the way they like and will not change its mind due to external influences.
League table
Positions by round
Fixtures and results
Round 1
Round 2
Round 3
Round 4
Round 5
Note: The match between Hong Kong Sapling and South China was played at Mong Kok Stadium.(Originally at Kowloon Bay Park)
Round 6
Round 7
Round 8
Round 9
Note: The match between Biu Chun Rangers and Kitchee was played at Mong Kok Stadium. (Originally at Tsing Yi Sports Ground)
Round 10
Round 11
Round 12
Round 13
Round 14
Round 15
Note: Matches between Citizen and Sham Shui Po and between Sunray Cave JC Sun Hei and Kitchee were held in January 2012.
Note: The match between Biu Chun Rangers and TSW Pegasus was played at Mong Kok Stadium. (Originally at Tsing Yi Sports Ground)
Round 16
Round 17
Note: The match between Biu Chun Rangers and South China AA will be played at Mong Kok Stadium. (Originally at Tsing Yi Sports Ground)
Due to unstable weather condition, the bma First Division League match between Citizen and HK Sapling which held at Mongkok Stadium tonight (4 May 2012) had been abandoned and rescheduled to 15 May 2012
Round 18
Season statistics
Top scorers
Hat-tricks
Scoring
First goal of the season: Leung Tsz Chun for Sunray Cave JC Sun Hei against Kitchee (3 September 2011)
Widest winning margin: 6 goals
Kitchee 6–0 Hong Kong Sapling (25 September 2011)
Highest scoring game: 10 goals
TSW Pegasus 6–4 Citizen (17 March 2012)
Most goals scored in a match by a single team: 6 goals
Kitchee Kitchee 6–0 Hong Kong Sapling (25 September 2011)
Sham Shui Po Sham Shui Po 2–6 Tuen Mun (23 October 2011)
Kitchee Biu Chun Rangers 2–6 Kitchee (8 January 2012)
TSW Pegasus TSW Pegasus 6–4 Citizen (17 March 2012)
Most goals scored in a match by a losing team: 4 goals
Citizen TSW Pegasus 6–4 Citizen (17 March 2012)
Clean Sheets
Most Clean Sheets: 7
South China
Awards
Monthly awards
HKSPA Most Valuable Player of the Month
Keymansoho Best Eleven of the Month
References
Hong Kong First Division League seasons
1
Hong Kong |
16225997 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delaware%20College%20of%20Art%20and%20Design | Delaware College of Art and Design | Delaware College of Art and Design (DCAD) was founded in 1997 through a partnership between the Pratt Institute and the Corcoran College of Art and Design. DCAD's mission is to educate talented and committed students to become art makers, idea generators, problem solvers, and visual communicators who can redefine the way we perceive and experience the world around us. DCAD's associate of fine arts (AFA) degree program is offered in five disciplines: Animation, Fine Arts, Graphic Design, Illustration and Photography. Apart from the traditional disciplines of the fine artist, these include opportunities in publishing, marketing, computer graphics, advertising, packaging, display design, and photography.
In addition to studio courses, courses in art history and writing and literature (combined) complete the curriculum. Most students transfer to other colleges that offer the BFA degree. The college is independently accredited regionally by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education and nationally by the National Association of Schools of Art and Design.
Facilities
DCAD offers academic facilities at 600 N. Market St., and in the next block to the north at 707 N. King Street. A multimillion-dollar ($4.7M) expansion in student housing opened for Fall 2012 in response to a significant increase in requests for on-campus residency. The former hotel's kitchen has been transformed into a student cafeteria for all resident and commuting students. The 600 North Market building was the initial opening site for the college with an entering student population of 50.
The Tatiana Copeland Student Center, located in the Market Street side of the Saville, opened in March 2009. It provides a student lounge, bookstore and in-house art supply area. On the first floor of the North Market Street side of the 707 building, Jerry's Artarama modifies its paradigm and opened their first urban retail location because Wilmington and the area was without a full-service art and materials store for many years. The result of this partnership with DCAD marked the first "destination" retail store opening in Wilmington in its latest revitalization. Jerry's relocated to Newark, Del., in 2018 but continues to stock supplies for DCAD students in Wilmington.
The Office of Student Services is responsible for overseeing the general welfare of students, offering support services and for planning both recreational and educational activities. Support services offered are career counseling, health and safety education, academic support, and personal counseling. A Student Council facilitates participation and input from the student body.
Architecture
DCAD is located in downtown Wilmington in the former Delmarva Power headquarters building at 600 N. Market St.. The building has been converted for use as studio and classroom space, as well as administrative offices for DCAD faculty and staff. The building was built in the Art Deco style with an Aztec motif.
See also
List of art schools
List of colleges and universities in Delaware
Delaware Technical & Community College
Corcoran College of Art and Design
National Register of Historic Places listings in Wilmington, Delaware
References
External links
Official website
Art schools in Delaware
Private universities and colleges in Delaware
Buildings and structures in Wilmington, Delaware
Two-year colleges in the United States
Educational institutions established in 1997
University and college buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Delaware
Art Deco architecture in Delaware
Education in New Castle County, Delaware
Tourist attractions in Wilmington, Delaware
National Register of Historic Places in Wilmington, Delaware
1997 establishments in Delaware |
10261279 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tallinna%20JK%20D%C3%BCnamo | Tallinna JK Dünamo | Tallinna JK Dünamo is an football club in Tallinn, Estonia. They are currently playing in the III Liiga, the fifth level of Estonian Football, having last played in the Estonian top tier in 2005.
History
The club was formed in 1940 and won ten Estonian SSR championships. In 2004, the club made an unexpected return to Estonian top flight Meistriliiga, when Tervis turned out to be ineligible for promotion.
Originally, the club also played bandy, becoming Estonian champions of this sport in 1941.
Achievements
Estonian SSR Championship: (10)
1945, 1947, 1949, 1950, 1953, 1954, 1978, 1980, 1981, 1983.
Estonian SSR Cup: (7)
1946, 1947, 1949, 1953, 1972*, 1979, 1983.
*As "Kopli Dünamo"
Statistics
League and Cup
References
External links
Dünamo at Estonian Football Association
Dünamo at soccerway.com
Dunamo Tallinn
Dunamo Tallinn
Association football clubs established in 1940
Tallinn
1940 establishments in Estonia
Bandy clubs in Estonia
Bandy clubs established in 1940 |
58723460 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El%C5%BCbieta%20Adamiak | Elżbieta Adamiak | Elżbieta Adamiak (born 7 October 1964) is a Polish Roman Catholic theologian. Since 2016, she has been Professor of Fundamental Theology and Dogmatics at the Institute for Catholic Theology at the University of Koblenz-Landau.
References
1964 births
Polish Roman Catholics
Polish feminists
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
Christian feminist theologians
Polish Roman Catholic theologians
Women Christian theologians
University of Koblenz and Landau faculty |
39150069 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julia%20Skripnik | Julia Skripnik | Julia Skripnik (née Matojan; born 10 August 1985) is a retired Estonian tennis player.
On 25 August 2008, Skripnik reached her best singles ranking of world number 866. On 23 June 2008, she peaked at world number 949 in the doubles rankings.
Playing for Estonia at the Fed Cup, Skripnik has a win–loss record of 1–4.
ITF finals (0–1)
Doubles (0–1)
Fed Cup participation
Singles
Doubles
References
External links
1985 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Tallinn
Estonian female tennis players |
49188357 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield%2C%20Maryland | Garfield, Maryland | Garfield is an unincorporated community in Frederick County, Maryland, United States, situated within the District 6, Catoctin. It has an elevation of .
Garfield appears on the Myersville U.S. Geological Survey Map and is located in the Eastern Time Zone.
Garfield United Methodist Church
One of the few structures in Garfield is the Garfield United Methodist Church. It is relatively small and is located on Stottlemeyer Road.
References
Populated places in Frederick County, Maryland |
21359409 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patryk%20Kuchczy%C5%84ski | Patryk Kuchczyński | Patryk Kuchczyński (born 17 March 1983) is a former Polish team handball player.
He received a silver medal with the Polish team at the 2007 World Men's Handball Championship, he was also part of the Polish squad, which won bronze medal at the 2009 World Men's Handball Championship. Position - Left Forward (winger).
References
External links
Player profile on Polish Handball Association website
Profile at Vive Targi Kielce official website
1983 births
Living people
Polish male handball players
Sportspeople from Gdynia
Vive Kielce players |
2222844 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khyber%20Rock | Khyber Rock | Khyber Rock is a suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa. It is located in Region E of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality.
Background
One of Johannesburg's smallest and most exclusive northern suburbs with one main road, Lincoln Rd, running through it from east to west for about only 650m. Khyber Rock borders the more well known Woodmead and is geologically part of an extinct volcanic area. Known for its high levels of mineral and metal content in the surrounding rocks, this area is susceptible to lightning strikes during the frequent summer thunderstorm activity.
Johannesburg architect Carmel Back and husband Harry bought 8.5 ha of wooded hillside called Kyhber Rock around 1957. When overwhelmed by demand by the sale of cottage on their property, they decided to apply for subdivision rights and turn their land into a suburb. The Mediterranean style architecture was the style used by her designs for the first houses, nestled amongst the hills rocks, with winding brick roads. Subsequent house had to seek her design approval.
References
Johannesburg Region E |
975401 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yajurveda | Yajurveda | The Yajurveda (, , from meaning "worship", and veda meaning "knowledge") is the Veda primarily of prose mantras for worship rituals. An ancient Vedic Sanskrit text, it is a compilation of ritual-offering formulas that were said by a priest while an individual performed ritual actions such as those before the yajna fire. Yajurveda is one of the four Vedas, and one of the scriptures of Hinduism. The exact century of Yajurveda's composition is unknown, and estimated by Witzel to be between 1200 and 800 BCE, contemporaneous with Samaveda and Atharvaveda.
The Yajurveda is broadly grouped into two – the "black" or "dark" (Krishna) Yajurveda and the "white" or "bright" (Shukla) Yajurveda. The term "black" implies "the un-arranged, unclear, motley collection" of verses in Yajurveda, in contrast to the "white" which implies the "well arranged, clear" Yajurveda. The black Yajurveda has survived in four recensions, while two recensions of white Yajurveda have survived into the modern times.
The earliest and most ancient layer of Yajurveda samhita includes about 1,875 verses, that are distinct yet borrow and build upon the foundation of verses in Rigveda. The middle layer includes the Satapatha Brahmana, one of the largest Brahmana texts in the Vedic collection. The youngest layer of Yajurveda text includes the largest collection of primary Upanishads, influential to various schools of Hindu philosophy. These include the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad, the Isha Upanishad, the Taittiriya Upanishad, the Katha Upanishad, the Shvetashvatara Upanishad and the Maitri Upanishad.
Two of the oldest surviving manuscript copies of the Shukla Yajurveda sections have been discovered in Nepal and Western Tibet, and these are dated to the 12th-century CE.
Etymology
Yajurveda is a compound Sanskrit word, composed of ya jus (यजुस्) and Veda (वेद). Monier-Williams translates yajus as "religious reverence, veneration, worship, sacrifice, a sacrificial prayer, formula, particularly mantras uttered in a peculiar manner at a sacrifice". Veda means "knowledge". Johnson states yajus means "(mostly) prose formulae or mantras, contained in the Yajur Veda, which are muttered".
Michael Witzel interprets Yajurveda to mean a "knowledge text of prose mantras" used in Vedic rituals. Ralph Griffith interprets the name to mean "knowledge of sacrifice or sacrificial texts and formulas". Carl Olson states that Yajurveda is a text of "mantras (sacred formulas) that are repeated and used in rituals".
Dating and historical context
The core text of the Yajurveda falls within the classical Mantra period of Vedic Sanskrit at the end of the 2nd millennium BCE - younger than the Rigveda, and roughly contemporary with the Atharvaveda, the Rigvedic Khilani, and the . The scholarly consensus dates the bulk of the Yajurveda and Atharvaveda hymns to the early Indian Iron Age, after c. 1200 and before 800 BCE.
Georg Feuerstein suggest that the dates given to most of these texts is far too late.
Text
Recensions
The Yajurveda text includes Shukla Yajurveda of which about 16 recensions are known, while the Krishna Yajurveda may have had as many as 86 recensions. Only two recensions of the Shukla Yajurveda have survived, Madhyandina and Kanva, and others are known by name only because they are mentioned in other texts. These two recensions are nearly the same, except for a few differences. In contrast to Shukla Yajurveda, the four surviving recensions of Krishna Yajurveda are very different versions.
Shukla Yajurveda
The samhita in the Shukla Yajurveda is called the Vajasaneyi Samhita. The name Vajasaneyi is derived from Vajasaneya, the patronymic of Yajnavalkya, and the founder of the Vajasaneyi branch. There are two (nearly identical) surviving recensions of the Vajasaneyi Samhita (VS): Vajasaneyi Madhyandina and Vajasaneyi Kanva. The lost recensions of the White Yajurveda, mentioned in other texts of ancient India, include Jabala, Baudhya, Sapeyi, Tapaniya, Kapola, Paundravatsa, Avati, Paramavatika, Parasara, Vaineya, Vaidheya, Katyayana and Vaijayavapa.
Krishna Yajurveda
There are four surviving recensions of the Krishna Yajurveda – , , and . A total of eighty six recensions are mentioned to exist in Vayu Purana, however vast majority of them are believed to be lost. The Katha school is referred to as a sub-school of Carakas (wanderers) in some ancient texts of India, because they did their scholarship as they wandered from place to place. In contrast to the Shukla Yajurveda, the saṃhitās of the Krishna Yajurveda contained both mantras and explanatory prose (which would usually belong to the brāhmaṇas).
The best known and best preserved of these recensions is the . Some attribute it to Tittiri, a pupil of Yaska and mentioned by Panini. The text is associated with the Taittiriya school of the Yajurveda, and attributed to the pupils of sage Tittiri (literally, partridge birds).
The is the oldest Yajurveda Samhita that has survived, and it differs largely in content from the Taittiriyas, as well as in some different arrangement of chapters, but is much more detailed.
The or the , according to tradition was compiled by Katha, a disciple of Vaisampayana. Like the Maitrayani Samhita, it offers much more detailed discussion of some rituals than the younger Taittiriya samhita that frequently summarizes such accounts. The or the , named after the sage Kapisthala is extant only in some large fragments and edited without accent marks. This text is practically a variant of the .
Organization
Each regional edition (recension) of Yajurveda had Samhita, Brahmana, Aranyakas, Upanishads as part of the text, with Shrautasutras, Grhyasutras and Pratishakhya attached to the text. In Shukla Yajurveda, the text organization is same for both Madhayndina and Kanva shakhas. The texts attached to Shukla Yajurveda include the Katyayana Shrautasutra, Paraskara Grhyasutra and Shukla Yajurveda Pratishakhya.
In Krishna Yajurveda, each of the recensions has or had their Brahmana text mixed into the Samhita text, thus creating a motley of the prose and verses, and making it unclear, disorganized.
Contents
Samhitas
The Vajasaneyi Samhita has forty chapters or adhyayas, containing the formulas used with the following rituals:
Structure of the mantras
The various ritual mantras in the Yajurveda Samhitas are typically set in a meter, and call on Vedic deities such as the Savita (Sun), Indra, Agni, Prajapati, Rudra and others. The Taittiriya Samhita in Book 4, for example, includes the following verses for the Agnicayana ritual recitation (abridged),
Satapatha Brahmana
The title Satapatha Brahmana means "Brahmana of the Hundred Paths". It is one of the largest Brahmana text that has survived. It includes, states Staal, a "veritable encyclopedia of meandering opinions on ritual and other matters".
The Satapatha Brahmana was translated by Eggeling in late 19th-century, reprinted often and has been well read because of the translation. However, it has been misinterpreted and misused, states Staal, because "it contains enough material to support any theory". Eggeling, the first translator of Satapatha Brahmana called it "flimsy symbolism rather than serious reasoning", similar to "speculative vaporings" found in the Christian and non-Christian variety of Gnosticism.
Upanishads
The Yajurveda has six primary Upanishads embedded within it.
Brihadaranyaka Upanishad
The Brihadaranyaka Upanishad is found in the White Yajurveda. It is one of the Mukhya Upanishads, and among the largest and oldest as well (~700 BCE). It is a key scripture of Hinduism that has influenced all schools of Hindu philosophy. The text is a treatise on Ātman (Soul, Self), with passages on metaphysics, ethics and a yearning for knowledge that influenced various Indian religions, ancient and medieval scholars.
The Brihadaranyaka Upanishad is among the earliest extensive discussions of the Hindu concept of dharma, karma and moksha (liberation from sorrow, freedom, emancipation, self-realization). Paul Deussen calls it, "unique in its richness and warmth of presentation", with profoundness that retains its full worth in modern times. Max Muller illustrated its style as follows,
Isha Upanishad
The Isha Upanishad is found in the White Yajurveda. It is one of the shortest Upanishads, embedded as the final chapter of the Shukla Yajurveda. A key scripture of the Vedanta sub-schools of Hinduism, its name is derived from "hidden in the Lord (Self)".
The Isha Upanishad discusses the Atman (Soul, Self) theory of Hinduism, and is referenced by both Dvaita (dualism) and Advaita (non-dualism) sub-schools of Vedanta. It is classified as a "poetic Upanishad" along with Kena, Katha, Svetasvatara and Mundaka Upanishads.
Taittiriya Upanishad
The Taittiriya Upanishad is found in the black Yajurveda. It is the seventh, eighth and ninth chapters of Taittiriya Aranyaka, which are also called, respectively, the Siksha Valli, the Ananda Valli and the Bhrigu Valli.
The Taittiriya Upanishad includes verses that are partly prayers and benedictions, partly instruction on phonetics and praxis, partly advice on ethics and morals given to graduating students from ancient Vedic gurukul (schools), partly a treatise on allegory, and partly philosophical instruction.
The text offers a view of education system in ancient India. It also includes sections on ethics and invocation for one's personal development. Max Muller translates the text's tenth anuvaka, for example, as an affirmation of one's Self as a capable, empowered blissful being. The tenth anuvaka asserts, "I am he who shakes the tree. I am glorious like the top of a mountain. I, whose pure light (of knowledge) has risen, am that which is truly immortal, as it resides in the sun. I (Soul, Self) am the treasure, wise, immortal, imperishable. This is the teaching of the Veda, by sage Trisanku."
Katha Upanishad
The Katha Upanishad is found in the black Yajurveda. The Upanishad is the legendary story of a little boy, Nachiketa – the son of sage Vajasravasa, who meets Yama – the Indian deity of death. Their conversation evolves to a discussion of the nature of man, knowledge, Ātman (Soul, Self) and moksha (liberation).
The Kathaka Upanishad is an important ancient Sanskrit corpus of the Vedanta sub-schools. It asserts that "Atman (Soul, Self) exists", teaches the precept "seek Self-knowledge which is Highest Bliss", and expounds on this premise like the other primary Upanishads of Hinduism. The detailed teachings of Katha Upanishad have been variously interpreted, as Dvaita (dualistic) and as Advaita (non-dualistic).
The Katha Upanishad found in the Yajurveda is among the most widely studied Upanishads. Philosophers such as Arthur Schopenhauer praised it, Edwin Arnold rendered it in verse as "The Secret of Death", and Ralph Waldo Emerson credited Katha Upanishad for the central story at the end of his essay Immortality, as well as his poem "Brahma".
Shvetashvatara Upanishad
The Shvetashvatara Upanishad is found in the black Yajurveda. The text opens with metaphysical questions about the primal cause of all existence, its origin, its end, and what role if any did time, nature, necessity, chance, the spirit had as primal cause? It then develops its answer, concluding that "the Universal Soul exists in every individual, it expresses itself in every creature, everything in the world is a projection of it, and that there is Oneness, a unity of souls in one and only Self".
The Shvetashvatara Upanishad is notable for its discussion of the concept of personal god – Ishvara, and suggesting it to be a path to one's own Highest Self. The text is also notable for its multiple mentions of both Rudra and Shiva, along with other Vedic deities, and of crystallization of Shiva as a central theme.
Maitrayaniya Upanishad
The Maitrayaniya Upanishad, also known as the Maitri Upanishad, is found in the black Yajurveda. It consists of seven Prapathakas (lessons). The first Prapathaka is introductory, the next three are structured in a question-answer style and discuss metaphysical questions relating to Atman (Self, Soul), while the fifth to seventh Prapathaka are supplements. However, several manuscripts discovered in different parts of India contain lesser number of Prapathakas, with a Telugu-language version showing just four.
The common kernel of the Maitri Upanishad across different recensions, states Max Muller, is a reverence for soul, that can be summarized in a few words as, "(Man) is the Self – the immortal, the fearless, the Brahman". The Maitrayaniya Upanishad is notable for its references to theories also found in Buddhism, elements of the Samkhya and Yoga schools of Hinduism, as well as the Ashrama system.
Srautasutras
The Yajurveda had Shrautasutras and Grhyasutras attached to it, from fifteen schools: Apastamba, Agastya, Agniveshyaka, Baudhayana, Bharadvaja, Hiranyakeshi, Kaundinya, Kusidaka, Katyayana, Lokaksita, Madhyamdina, Panca-Kathaka, Satyasadha, Sakala, Sandilya, Vaikhanasa, and Vadula. Of these nine have survived, along with portions of Kaundinya.
Manuscripts and translations
Most surviving manuscripts and recensions of Yajurveda's Samhitas, Aranyakas and Brahmanas remain untranslated into Western languages. The two reliable translations are from British India colonial era, and have been widely studied. These are AB Keith's translation of Taittiriya Samhita of the Black Yajurveda, and Juliu Eggeling's translation of Satapatha Brahmana of the White Yajurveda.
Ralph Griffith published an early translation of White Yajurveda Samhita. However, Frits Staal has questioned his translations and considers them "fantasies and best discarded".
Devi Chand published a re-interpreted translation of Yajurveda in 1965, reprinted as 3rd edition in 1980, wherein the translation incorporated Dayananda Saraswati's monotheistic interpretations of the Vedic text, and the translation liberally adds "O Lord" and "the Creator" to various verses, unlike other translators.
Ezourvedam forgery
In 18th century, French Jesuits published Ezourvedam, claiming it to be a translation of a recension of the Yajurveda. The Ezourveda was studied by Voltaire, and later declared a forgery, representing Jesuit ideas to Indians as a Vedic school.
Significance
The text is a useful source of information about the agriculture, economic and social life during the Vedic era. The verses, for example, list the types of crops considered important in ancient India,
See also
Hindu philosophy
Hinduism
Kalpa (Vedanga)
Mahīdhara
Shatapatha Brahmana
Vedas
Yajna
Sandhyavandanam
References
Sources
Further reading
Ralph Thomas Hotchkin Griffith, The Texts of the White Yajurveda. Translated with a Popular Commentary (1899).
Devi Chand, The Yajurveda. Sanskrit text with English translation. Third edition (1980).
The Sanhitâ of the Black Yajur Veda with the Commentary of Mâdhava 'Achârya, Calcutta (Bibl. Indica, 10 volumes, 1854–1899)
Kumar, Pushpendra, Taittiriya Brahmanam (Krsnam Yajurveda), 3 vols., Delhi (1998).
External links
About Shukla Yajur Veda By a group of Shukla Yajur Vedis
Read yajurveda in Hindi By emasterji
The Texts of the White Yajurveda Ralph Griffith Translation (1899)
The Yajur Veda – Taittiriya Sanhita AB Keith Translation (1914)
A Vedic Concordance (includes Yajur Veda), Updated Edition, Harvard University, Bloomfield's Old Edition
The Taittirīya Sanhitá of the Black Yajur Veda, Rámanáráyana Vidyáratna, Mahesáchandra Nyáyaratna, Satyavrata Sámaśramí
TITUS Texts Sanskrit text of Vājasaneyi-Saṃhitā
Die Taittirîya-Samhita 1871
Sanskrit Web Sanskrit texts of Taittiriya-Samhita,Brahmana,Aranyaka, EkagniKanda etc. with English translations of the Taittiriya-Samhita.
Vedas
Hindu texts |
12096513 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qashqadaryo%20%28river%29 | Qashqadaryo (river) | The Qashqadaryo () or Kashkadarya () is a river in southern Uzbekistan. The river is long and has a basin area of . It disappears in the Qarshi Steppe.
By the river is the city of Qarshi, the capital of the Qashqadaryo Region, which lies within the basin of the river.
The river takes some water from Zeravshan River via the Eskianhor (Эскианхор) canal and forms the Chimkurgan reservoir.
References
Rivers of Uzbekistan |
51491691 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Million%20Dollar%20Backfield%20%28Chicago%20Cardinals%29 | Million Dollar Backfield (Chicago Cardinals) | The Million Dollar Backfield was a National Football League (NFL) offensive backfield of the Chicago Cardinals in 1947 after an unprecedented amount of money by Cardinals owner Charles Bidwill lured several of the day's top players to the team. The Million Dollar backfield was also referred to separately as the Dream Backfield by Bidwill.
Line-up
Elmer Angsman, HB
Paul Christman, QB
Marshall Goldberg, HB
Pat Harder, FB
Charley Trippi, HB
History
After World War II, professional football experienced an increase in popularity. The Cardinals hired Jimmy Conzelman as their new head coach. Soon afterwards Conzelman implemented the “T” formation. He then drafted quarterback Paul Christman in 1945 to run the offense. A year later, fullback Pat Harder and halfback Elmer Angsman were added to the line-up.
It was around this time that the upstart All-America Football Conference (AAFC) placed a team in Chicago, the Rockets. The new AAFC franchise publicly pushed for the Cardinals to leave town, since the city had three major football teams. Bidwill grew angry and vowed to turn his team into a profitable winner. He stunned the football world in 1947 when he outbid the Rockets for the rights to All-American, Charley Trippi, signing him to a then unprecedented $100,000 contract. Trippi was the final piece of what Bidwill called his "Million Dollar Backfield" of Paul Christman, Pat Harder, Marshall Goldberg, and Trippi. The quartet led the Cardinals to defeat their cross-town nemesis, the Chicago Bears, in the season finale to win the NFL's Western Division title with 9–3–0 record. The backfield then led the team to their first and only undisputed NFL championship in 1947. Charles Bidwill did not live see his "Million Dollar Backfield" win the 1947 title; he had died of pneumonia shortly after signing Trippi.
See also
History of the Chicago Cardinals
Million Dollar Backfield (San Francisco 49ers)
References
Nicknamed groups of American football players
Chicago Cardinals |
26046982 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heligoland%20Bird%20Observatory | Heligoland Bird Observatory | The Heligoland Bird Observatory (Vogelwarte Helgoland in German), one of the world's first ornithological observatories, is operated by the Ornithologische Arbeitsgemeinschaft Helgoland e.V., a non-profit organization which was founded in 1891 to support research on the fauna of Heligoland, a small German archipelago, comprising the islands of Heligoland and Düne, in the Heligoland Bight of the North Sea. The principal research focus is on bird migration through banding studies. Over 400 species have been recorded. OAG Helgoland produces an annual bird report.
History
Heligoland is on a major migration route for birds crossing the North Sea; for centuries, both those on migration and those breeding there, were an important source of food for the islanders. In the early 19th century Heligoland also became a source of bird specimens for collectors and museums. Ornithologist and artist Heinrich Gätke first visited the island in 1837 and moved there permanently in 1841 as secretary to the British Governor. He began collecting specimens of rarities for both artistic and scientific purposes. He spent most of the next 60 years studying the birds and coined the term "Vogelwarte", producing a book ("Die Vogelwarte Helgoland") on his research in 1891, with an English translation published in 1895. The modern observatory was established in 1910 by Hugo Weigold with a systematic trapping and banding program using the "Heligoland traps" he developed.
References
Notes
Sources
Further reading
Bird observatories
Bird migration
Ornithological organizations
Bird Observatory
Organizations established in 1910
Animal welfare organisations based in Germany
1910 establishments in Germany |
9364099 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir%20Edward%20Bagot%2C%202nd%20Baronet | Sir Edward Bagot, 2nd Baronet | Sir Edward Bagot, 2nd Baronet (23 May 1616 – 30 May 1673) was an English landowner and politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1660.
Bagot was the son of Sir Hervey Bagot of Field Hall, Leigh and his first wife Katherine Adderley, daughter of Humphrey Adderley of Weddington, Warwickshire. He was educated at Trinity College, Oxford and was admitted to the Middle Temple in 1635. He became a J.P. for Staffirdshire in 1656. As he was appointed under the Protectorate, he was eligible under the Long Parliament ordinance to stand for the Convention Parliament and in April 1660, he was elected Member of Parliament for Staffordshire. He succeeded to the baronetcy of Blithfield Hall on the death of his father in December 1660.
Bagot died at the age of 57 and was buried at Blithfield.
Bagot married Mary Crawley, widow of John Crawley of Someries, Bedfordshire and daughter of William Lambard of BuckinghamLampard in 1641. They had twelve sons and five daughters and he was succeeded in the baronetcy by his son Walter. Their daughter Mary (1646–1692) married Sir Richard Newdigate 2nd Baronet of Arbury.
References
1616 births
1673 deaths
Baronets in the Baronetage of England
English MPs 1660 |
24688107 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Seattle%20Sounders%20FC%20seasons | List of Seattle Sounders FC seasons | Seattle Sounders FC is a soccer team based in Seattle, Washington, that competes in Major League Soccer (MLS), the most senior soccer league in the United States. Sounders FC was established in 2007 as an MLS expansion team and began play in 2009. In addition to the MLS regular season, Seattle also competes in the annual U.S. Open Cup tournament. Depending on the team's performance in these two competitions, they may also qualify for the MLS Cup Playoffs in the same year and the CONCACAF Champions League the following year. The CONCACAF Champions League winner qualifies for the next FIFA Club World Cup.
The Sounders won their first MLS Cup in 2016 and their second in 2019; they have also won the U.S. Open Cup four times and the MLS Supporters' Shield once, in 2014. Having won seven trophies, Seattle is the joint-fourth most successful MLS club, and one of only two MLS clubs (with Chicago Fire) to win at least four U.S. Open Cups. Sigi Schmid was the club's head coach from the inaugural MLS season in 2009 to 2016; he was replaced by Brian Schmetzer, initially as interim coach and later as full head coach.
Key
Key to competitions
Major League Soccer (MLS) – The top-flight of soccer in the United States, established in 1996.
U.S. Open Cup (USOC) – The premier knockout cup competition in US soccer, first contested in 1914.
CONCACAF Champions League (CCL) – The premier competition in North American soccer since 1962. It went by the name of Champions' Cup until 2008.
Key to colors and symbols
Key to league record
Season = The year and article of the season
Div = Division/level on pyramid
League = League name
Pld = Games played
W = Games won
L = Games lost
D = Games drawn
GF = Goals for
GA = Goals against
GD = Goal difference
Pts = Points
PPG = Points per game
Conf. = Conference position
Overall = League position
Key to cup record
DNE = Did not enter
DNQ = Did not qualify
NH = Competition not held or canceled
QR = Qualifying round
PR = Preliminary round
GS = Group stage
R1 = First round
R2 = Second round
R3 = Third round
R4 = Fourth round
R5 = Fifth round
Ro16 = Round of 16
QF = Quarter-finals
SF = Semi-finals
F = Final
RU = Runners-up
W = Winners
Seasons
1. Avg. Attendance include statistics from league matches only.
2. Top Goalscorer(s) includes all goals scored in League, Playoffs, U.S. Open Cup, MLS is Back Tournament, Leagues Cup, CONCACAF Champions League, FIFA Club World Cup, and other competitive continental matches.
Interactive chart
References
American soccer club seasons
Seattle Sounders FC lists
Seattle-related lists |
16024782 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan%E2%80%93Germany%20relations | Afghanistan–Germany relations | Relations between Afghanistan and Germany have historically been strong. 100 years of "friendship" was celebrated in 2016, with the Afghan President calling it a "historical relationship".
The Treaty of Gandomak (26 or 30 May 1879) and the Treaty of the Durand Line overruled a prior agreement from 1893 concerning of porous border between British India (now Pakistan) and Afghanistan. As a result of this treaty Britain gained full control of Afghan foreign policy from the king of Afghanistan. Germany, as a rival to Britain, was only able through secret missions and expeditions to reduce British influence in Afghanistan.
Engineer Gebhard Fleischer, nicknamed The German James Bond in Kabul, was an engineer of the Krupp company, a German arms manufacturer. In 1893 he traveled to Kabul and privately met with the King Abdur Rahman Khan. Under the Kings orders he expanded the Afghan weapons companies Maschin Khana (House of machines) and Tupkhana (cannon house). It is not certain whether the government in British India knew of this journey. Later, in 1904, the Krupp engineers were mysteriously assassinated. Adamec writes:
History
Trade and friendship treaty of 1916
The relations between Germany and Afghanistan began before World War I. Relations between these two countries have historically been friendly.
The second German-Afghan meeting between Habibullah Khan and a 23-member German delegation took place in 1915. The main intentions of this delegation was to weaken British influence in Afghanistan as part of the Niedermayer-Hentig expedition. However, during this expedition in 1916 a friendly trade-agreement occurred. The trade contracted concluded even though there were prior diplomatic relations between these countries. According to the Treaty of 24 January 1916 the German delegation to the Government of Afghanistan was promised 100,000 rifles and 300 guns.
A friendship agreement was made on 3 March 1926. With recognition of the ambassadors in both these countries. In 1926 the prior existing friendship and trade agreement of 24 January 1916 was ratified.
Diplomatic relations and accreditation of consul
The first Afghan delegation to Germany occurred in 1922 where the delegation traveled to Berlin for talks on diplomacy, trade and cultural relations. In response Germany sent Dr. Fritz Grobba to Afghanistan in 1932. For the first year he worked as Consul in Kabul, acting as the de facto German embassy, until 1926 then managing the ambassadors work in Kabul. The "Embassy" titled as the Diplomatic representation and the residence of the minister plenipotentiary was located in Kabul near the Gardens of Babur. The Afghan King, Amanullah Khan, visited Germany on 22 February 1928 where he met the President of the Weimar Republic, Paul von Hindenburg.
1930s and war period
Afghanistan established close ties with Germany, now under Adolf Hitler, in 1935 – forming important economic and technical connections, and seeking an alternative to its historical position as a contested territory between the USSR and Britain. Germany increased commercial transactions in Afghanistan during this period, with a weekly Berlin-Kabul air service established, and the Organisation Todt supervised major infrastructure projects in the country.
Afghanistan resisted calls from Moscow and London to expel the Italian and German diplomatic corps at the beginning of the Second World War. During 1940 and 1941, there were plans initiated by Afghan economic minister Abdul Majid Zabuli for Afghanistan to join the Axis bloc in return for Germany providing additional military aid and access to the Karachi Port by taking land from British India. In addition, Zabuli spoke of "liberating" the 15 million strong ethnic Afghan population across the border. However following the Soviet Union's change of allegiance to the United Kingdom, and their joint invasion of Iran, Afghanistan was suddenly surrounded by the Allied forces. It eventually in October 1941 accepted their demand to expel Italians and Germans, although small diplomatic staff remained. Afghanistan was right on the demarcation line between the proposed division of Asia between Germany and Japan. At the end of the Second World War the German military donated its remaining arsenal to Afghanistan as a sign of good faith for its neutral stance during the war.
Post-war
Afghanistan became one of the first countries to recognize the Federal Republic of Germany as the successor of the Third Reich. Pre-war cooperation was revived in 1950 (with West Germany), although full official relations did not start resume until December 1954. Ghulam Mohammad Farhad, who served as mayor of Kabul from 1948, hired and brought West German engineers and products for the Kabul Electric Company. The Afghan Cultural Office was opened in Munich in 1952. An agreement for economic and technical cooperation was signed between the Federal Republic and the Kingdom on January 31, 1958. Relations temporarily froze following the republican coup in Afghanistan, but was restored by 1976.
Following the Soviet–Afghan War, the West German soldiers stationed in Afghanistan left the country. Qualified West German personnel and advisors left the country in 1980 followed by teaching staff in 1984. Meanwhile, East Germany supported the Soviet role in the country and assisted the Afghan government. Afghanistan and East Germany did not have many links since the latter was recognized in 1973, but this all changed during the Afghan communist regime. Cultural and economic agreements were made, and both countries' media agencies cooperated. The basis was formed following a visit by Afghan leader, Babrak Karmal, to East Germany, after which a Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation was signed on May 21, 1982. Their cooperation had a particular focus on the education sector.
In 1985, total East German solidarity donations to Afghans was over 200 million marks, most of which came from the Free German Trade Union Federation.
After German reunification
The German Armed Forces were part of the ISAF mission in Afghanistan from December 2001. Germany hosted the Bonn Conference, which chose Hamid Karzai as Afghanistan's interim leader in 2001. Currently Germany is engaged in a security mission with its military and reconstruction efforts in the northern areas of Afghanistan, and has been one of the principal donors to Afghanistan.
On 23 December 2021, German Foreign Minister Annalena Baerbock warned that Afghanistan is "heading into the worst humanitarian catastrophe of our time," with major economic sectors collapsing and more then 24 million people in need of humanitarian assistance. She promised to speed up the evacuation of more then 15,000 vulnerable Afghans, including local Afghan staff who worked for Germany and their family members.
See also
Afghans in Germany
Afghan-German Trading Company
Books
Ludwig W. Adamec: Historical Dictionary of Afghanistan, 4th ed., 2012,
Ludwig W. Adamec: Afghanistan's Foreign Affairs to the Mid-Twentieth Century: Relations with the USSR, Germany, and Britain. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1974,
References
External links
Germany embassy to Afghanistan – website
Goethe-Institut Kabul
Germany
Bilateral relations of Germany |
52652931 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I.I.M.U.N. | I.I.M.U.N. | I.I.M.U.N. (India's International Movement to Unite Nations, also known as: Indian International Model United Nations or IIMUN) is a youth organisation comprising 26,000 young organisers who put together student conferences in 220 cities and 35 countries, and work with over 7,500 schools impacting 10 million students. The organization simulates the workings of Indian Parliament and multi-lateral organisations for school students to engage them in debates about international relations, current affairs and world politics. The aim of the organisation is to get Indian students between 13 and 19 to become global citizens with an Indian mind-set.
History
I.I.M.U.N. was founded in 2011 by Rishabh S Shah, with its first conference being held from 2–5 August 2012 at the Mumbai World Trade Centre.
Conferences
I.I.M.U.N. held a conference inside the United Nations headquarters in New York City in August 2016, and it has since become annual. They have conducted the world's largest Mock UNO conference in Mumbai with 7,500 students participating in it. Every year, annually in August, the organisation puts together its yearly finale event which has taken place in Aamby Valley City, Taj Mahal Palace Hotel & the World Trade Centre. Winning students from across the country and globe come to participate in the same, which is called I.I.M.U.N. Championship Conference. The students learn about yoga and Indian best practices in the mornings, followed by debating on issues after which speakers come and engage with them. The conferences are held in cities in India ranging from Srinagar to Kanyakumari & Port Blair to Kohima, countries ranging from Japan to Uruguay, Poland to South Africa.
Issues discussed
One of the central topics being discussed in all conferences has been Security Council reform to get India a permanent seat in the council, which is a topic lobbied for by the Indian government in the actual United Nations. Other issues that are discussed range from debating the 26/11 terror attacks, ISIS, environmental issues, human rights concerns, and economic topics such as demonetisation. The organisation also simulates councils based on Indian history and polity.
Initiatives
Find a bed, an initiative during the COVID-19 pandemic, tackled the problem of finding COVID beds for mildly symptomatic and asymptomatic patients in India. Popular celebrities from Karan Johar, Gaur Khan, Kriti Sanon, Kartik Aryan, Sania Mirza, Shashi Tharoor amongst others supported the cause. However, the initiative also came under criticism for some of the pictures of ambassadors not being "proper".
References
Model United Nations
Student organisations in India
2011 establishments in Maharashtra |
22462871 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Managed%20Extensibility%20Framework | Managed Extensibility Framework | Managed Extensibility Framework (MEF) is a component of .NET Framework 4.0 aiming to create lightweight, extensible applications. It aims to allow .NET application developers to discover and use extensions with no configuration required. It also aims to let extension developers encapsulate code easily and avoid fragile hard dependencies. Furthermore, it aims to allow extensions to be reused across applications. MEF was introduced as a part of .NET 4.0 and Silverlight 4.
Overview
MEF aims to solve the runtime extensibility problem. Without MEF, any application that wants to support a plugin model needs to create its own infrastructure from scratch. Those plugins will often be application-specific and cannot be reused across multiple implementations.
MEF aims to provide a standard way for the host application to expose itself and consume external extensions. Extensions, by their nature, could be reused amongst different applications. However, an extension can still be implemented in a way that is application-specific. Extensions themselves can depend on one another and MEF aims to make sure they are wired together in the correct order, sparing the developer from doing it manually.
MEF offers a set of discovery approaches for the application to locate and load available extensions.
MEF allows tagging extensions with additional metadata which aims to facilitate rich querying and filtering.
Design
Roughly speaking, MEF's core consists of a catalog and a CompositionContainer. A catalog is responsible for discovering extensions and the container coordinates creation and satisfies dependencies.
MEF's first-class citizen is the ComposablePart class. A composable part offers up one or more Exports, and may also depend on one or more externally provided services or Imports. A composable part also manages an instance, which can be an object instance of a given type (it is in the default MEF implementation). MEF, however, is extensible and additional ComposablePart implementations can be provided as long as they adhere to the Import/Export contracts.
Exports and imports each have a Contract. Contracts are the bridge between exports and imports. An export contract can consist of further metadata that can be used to filter on its discovery. For example, it might indicate a specific capability that the export offers.
MEF's container interacts with Catalogs to have access to composable parts. The container itself resolves a part's dependencies and exposes Exports to the outside world. Composable part instances may be added directly to the container.
A ComposablePart returned by a catalog will likely be an extension to the application. It might have Imports (dependencies) on components the host application offers, and it's likely to Export others.
The default MEF composable part implementation uses attribute-based metadata to declare exports and imports. This allows MEF to determine which parts, imports, and exports are available through discovery.
References
External links
Managed Extensibility Framework Overview
Building Composable Apps in .NET 4 with the Managed Extensibility Framework
Gentle Introduction to MEF - Part One
.NET Framework terminology
C Sharp libraries
Free and open-source software
Microsoft free software
Software using the MIT license
2010 software |
6747028 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doug%20Utjesenovic | Doug Utjesenovic | Dragoljub "Doug" Utješenović (; born 8 October 1946) is a former Serbian Australian soccer player who played as a defender. He was a member of the Australian 1974 FIFA World Cup squad in West Germany. He went on to make 61 appearances for the team between 1972 and 1976, scoring two goals, as well as representing both New South Wales and Victoria.
Utješenović played his club football in both Yugoslavia and Australia, playing for OFK Beograd, Footscray JUST, St George Saints and Hong Kong First Division side Kui Tan, before coaching APIA-Leichhardt in 1988, Parramatta Eagles 1997 and 1998, and Bonnyrigg White Eagles 2000 to 2001.
References
External links
Career Record at OzFootball
1946 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Belgrade
Serbian emigrants to Australia
Australian people of Serbian descent
Australian soccer players
Australia international soccer players
1974 FIFA World Cup players
National Soccer League (Australia) players
Footscray JUST players
OFK Beograd players
Bonnyrigg White Eagles FC managers
Parramatta FC managers
Yugoslav emigrants to Australia
Expatriate footballers in Hong Kong
Association football defenders
Australian soccer coaches |
3580484 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erik%20Byl%C3%A9hn | Erik Byléhn | Bror Erik Byléhn (15 January 1898 – 14 November 1986) was a middle-distance runner from Sweden who competed at the 1924 and 1928 Olympics. In 1924 he won a silver medal in the 4 × 400 m relay and failed to reach the finals of individual 400 m and 800 m races. Four years later he won a silver medal in the 800 m, whereas his 4 × 400 m team finished in fourth place.
Byléhn worked as a veterinary doctor in Karlstad, and later moved to the United States.
References
External links
1898 births
1986 deaths
Swedish male middle-distance runners
Athletes (track and field) at the 1924 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1928 Summer Olympics
Olympic athletes of Sweden
Olympic silver medalists for Sweden
Medalists at the 1928 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1924 Summer Olympics
Olympic silver medalists in athletics (track and field) |
27627194 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laevilitorina%20antarctica | Laevilitorina antarctica | Laevilitorina antarctica is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Littorinidae, the winkles or periwinkles.
Description
Distribution
South Pacific Ocean, Antarctic ocean.
References
Engl W. (2012) Shells of Antarctica. Hackenheim: Conchbooks. 402 pp.
Littorinidae
Gastropods described in 1902 |
49026017 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revelation%2016 | Revelation 16 | Revelation 16 is the sixteenth chapter of the Book of Revelation or the Apocalypse of John in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. The book is traditionally attributed to John the Apostle, but the precise identity of the author remains a point of academic debate. This chapter describes the seven bowls, vials or phials of God's wrath, poured out on the wicked and the followers of the Antichrist after the sounding of the seven trumpets, on the command of "a loud voice from the temple" heard by the author.
Text
The original text was written in Koine Greek. This chapter is divided into 21 verses.
Textual witnesses
Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter are among others:
Papyrus 47 (3rd century; complete)
Codex Sinaiticus (330-360)
Codex Alexandrinus (400-440)
Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus (ca. 450; extant verse 1-12)
Papyrus 43 (6th/7th century; extant verse 1-2)
Verse 1
Then I heard a loud voice from the temple saying to the seven angels, "Go and pour out the bowls of the wrath of God on the earth."
"From the temple": from the words in , "from the temple", or "from the sanctuary", do not appear in some ancient versions, and Tischendorf omitted them from his critical edition. German Protestant theologian Heinrich Meyer argues that the inclusion of these words "is guaranteed by A, C, א, and some other manuscripts, "and is entirely suitable".
Verse 8
And the fourth angel poured out his vial upon the sun; and power was given unto him to scorch men with fire.
"Men": from in generic use refers to 'both men and women'.
Verse 9
And men were scorched with great heat, and blasphemed the name of God, which hath power over these plagues: and they repented not to give him glory.
"Men": from in generic use refers to 'both men and women'.
Verse 12
Then the sixth angel poured out his bowl on the great river Euphrates, and its water was dried up, so that the way of the kings from the east might be prepared.
"From the east": translated from the Greek phrase with literal meaning "from the rising of the sun" here in the sense of 'a geographical direction' (cf. ; ; ).
Verse 16
And they gathered them together to the place called in Hebrew, Armageddon.
"Armageddon": identified with Har-megiddo, "the mountain of Megiddo", which may refer to 'the slaying of Josiah in the valley of Megiddo', which 'became proverbial for any great sorrow' (; ; ) or 'to the slaughter of Sisera's army at the waters of Megiddo', by Barak, ().
See also
Armageddon
Book of Daniel
Jesus Christ
John's vision of the Son of Man
Names and titles of Jesus in the New Testament
Seven bowls
Related Bible parts: Zechariah 12, Revelation 4, Revelation 6, Revelation 13, Revelation 14, Revelation 15, Revelation 17
Notes
References
External links
King James Bible - Wikisource
English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate
Online Bible at GospelHall.org (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English)
Multiple bible versions at Bible Gateway (NKJV, NIV, NRSV etc.)
16 |
47802189 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los%20Angeles%20Theatre%20Center | Los Angeles Theatre Center | The Los Angeles Theatre Center is an institution in Los Angeles, which is operated by the Latino Theater Company.
In January 2006, the Latino Theater Company won a lease to operate The Los Angeles Theatre Center for 20 years and got a $4 million grant from the California Cultural and Historical Endowment to renovate the building. In October 2007, the building was re-opened as the new Los Angeles Theatre Center.
References
Culture of Los Angeles
Buildings and structures in Los Angeles
2007 establishments in California |
231437 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Sesame%20Street%20international%20co-production%20characters | List of Sesame Street international co-production characters | Sesame Street has many international versions across the world. Each uses some original characters, created specifically to represent their own culture. The following list highlights some of these characters. All characters are Muppets, unless otherwise mentioned.
Open Sesame (Australia)
Ollie - A yellow orange monster who is the cousin of Elmo, and has been stated to be four-and-a-half years old. Segments involving him commonly play before and after episodes of Open Sesame on Nick Jr.
Sésamo first show (Brazil)
Garibaldo - A giant, shy, blue (yellow in the 2007 version) bird. Similar to Big Bird.
Gugu - A green Muppet monster with a blue nose and orange cheeks. Similar to Oscar the Grouch.
Juca (Armando Bogus) - A toy maker who taught children his craft.
Ana Maria (Sonia Braga) - A teacher and Juca's cousin.
Gabriela (Aracy Balabanian) - The wife of Juca
Funga-funga - A red Muppet elephant who didn't like how others looked at him.
Bel - A pink/purple Muppet monster that appeared in the 2007 version
Canadian Sesame Street, later Sesame Park (Canada)
Louis - A French-Canadian otter
Basil - A polar bear
Dodi - A Muppet who is essentially a Jack-Of-All-Trades, though most commonly known as a bush pilot.
Katie - A girl who uses a wheelchair.
Chaos - A cat
Beau Beaver - A beaver (animated)
Zhima Jie (China)
Da Niao - A Chinese version of Big Bird.
Hu Hu Zhu - A furry blue pig. Appeared in the 1998 version.
Xiao Mei Zi - A red Elmo-like monster. Appeared in the 1998 version.
Lily - A young female tiger cub. Appeared in the 2010 version.
Sesamstraße (Germany)
Samson - A male bear, similar in role and full-body puppet, to Big Bird (1978–2008, 2013-present)
Simson - Samson's cousin and lookalike, often seen with a hat or a tie to distinguish him from Samson (on and off in 1989-1998)
Tiffy - A pink female bird (1978–2005)
Finchen - A (former male, now female) snail (on and off from 1983, 1989–present)
Rumpel - A green Grouch that lives in a rainbarrel. He has Gustav, a pet caterpillar (1989–2008)
Buh - A male owl (1989–2002)
Feli Filu - A blue female monster reporter (2000–2007)
Pferd - A male horse (2002–present)
Wolle - A male lamb (2002–present)
Lena - A pink monster baby (2005–2009)
Moni - A female photographer (2005–2007)
Ulli von Bödefeld - An androgyne hedgehog-like creature (1978-early 1986)
Wolf vom Wortersee - A green wolf (2007-present)
Humans in Sesamstraße 1978-1986
Henning (Henning Venske, a West German actor - 1978-1979) -
Lilo (Lieselotte Pulver, a Swiss actress 1978-1986) -
Uwe (Uwe Friedrichsen, a West German actor 1979-1982) -
Horst (Horst Janson, a West German actor 1979-1986) -
Ute (Ute Willing, a German actress 1979-1986) -
Ilse (Ilse Biberti, a German actress 1979-1982) -
Elisabeth (Elisabeth Vitouch, a German actress 1979-1982) -
Manfred (Manfred Krug, an East German actor - 1982-1986) -
Humans in Sesamstraße 1986-present
Georg (Gernot Endemann, a German actor - 1986-1999) -
Bettina (Hildegard Krekel, a German actress - 1986-1989, Kirsten Spick, a German actress - 1989-1999) -
Opa Brass (Ferdinand Dux, a German actor - 1992-2000) -
Pensionswirtin Helmi (Senta Bonneval, a German actress - 1995-1999) -
Musiker Alex (Alexander Geringas, a German-Greek actor - 1995-2000) -
Jiviana (Vijak Bajani, a German-Turkish actress - 1995-2001) -
Nils (Nils Julius, a German actor - 2000–present) -
Caro (Caroline Kiesewetter, a German actress - 2000-2002, Miriam Krause, a German actress - 2002–present) -
Zauberer PePe (Dirk Bach, a German comedian - 2000–2012) -
Anke (Anke Engelke, a German comedian - 2003–present) -
Mehmet (Mehmet Yilmaz, a German-Turkish actor - 2003–present) -
Ella (Franziska Troegner, a German actress - 2003–present) -
Sesame Tree (Northern Ireland)
Potto - A male 'monster' style Muppet and the cousin of Telly Monster.
Hilda - A female Irish Hare
Claribelle - A red Muppet bird.
Archie - A bespectacled squirrel.
Bookworms – A bunch of Bookworms live amongst Potto's books.
Weatherberries – A bunch of singing fruit. They often announce the weather whenever Hilda asks what the weather will be like today.
Play with Me Sesame (United Kingdom)
Domby - A male 'monster' style Muppet, originally from Scotland. He and his friend, Kit, live in a castle on top of a hill.
Kit - Domby's best friend. They spend most of their time in the castle kitchen, bedroom and living room (very similar to Ernie and Bert sketches). He is originally from Manchester. They sometimes visit schools and playgroups to sing or talk with the children.
Rechov Sumsum / Shalom Sesame (Israel)
Kipi Ben Kipod/Kippi Kippod - A giant porcupine analogous to Big Bird
Moishe Oofnik - Oscar the Grouch's cousin
Abigail - A purple female monster
Brosh - An orange monster
Mahboub - A blue monster
Noah - A red monster
Sivan - A girl who uses a wheelchair. She moved to Sésamo near the end of its second run.
Iftah Ya Simsim (Kuwait)
No'Man - A camel equivalent of Big Bird
Melsoon - A light green parrot wearing a tie (blue in the 2015 version)
Yaqut - A lavender monster with a long nose
Abla - A full-body lavender cat
Shams - a yellow monster that appeared in the 2015 version
Sésamo (Mexico/Latin America)
Abelardo Montoya - A large parrot equivalent of Big Bird, with Green and Red feathers (Mexico's National colours; also the colors of a Parrot, one of Mexico's most numerous and representative birds). He is also the cousin of Big Bird.
Abelardo - A red dragon equivalent of Big Bird.
Bodoque - A Grouch that lives in boxes. He is the cousin of Oscar the Grouch.
Cuernos (Horns) - A red monster with a characteristic couple of horns and vicious teeth.
El Barón Púrpura (The Purple Baron) - A Muppet portraying a lackluster air pilot. A satire of The Red Baron.
Lola - A female relative of Pancho and Abelardo's best friend; a joyful young pink monster. She is the cousin of Elmo and Zoe.
Paco - A parrot, the equivalent of America's Oscar the Grouch
Pancho - A blue-colored monster with a gruff voice.
Elefancio - Pancho's pet elephant. Only the trunk is ever seen like the trunk Oscar the Grouch's pet elephant Fluffy.
Multimonstruos - Red Anything Monsters, appear as babies, pirates, etc.
Multimuppets - Brown Anything Muppets
Four birds
A macaw
Poco Loco
A penguin
A chicken
Stuckweed
A watermelon
Anything Muppets
Monsters
Grouches
Other animals
Humans in Sésamo
Carlos
José - The Storekeeper
Alicia
Fernando (Justo Martinez) - The police officer
Mercedes
Teresa (Romelia Aguero) -
Sandra (Ana Silvia Garza) -
Sebastian (Jaime Garza) -
Miguel (Alejandro Ibarra) -
Ana (Rocio Ortiz) -
Goyo (Raoul Rossi) -
Pepe (Salvador Sanchez) -
Paula (Rosalia Valdez) -
La Abuela (Evita Muñoz, Beatriz Aguirre) -
Don Boni (Edgar Vivar, Sergio Corona) -
Carmen (María Del Sol) -
Gertrudis (Socorro Bonilla, Leonorilda Ochoa) -
Pablo (Ariel López Padilla, Benjamin Rivero) -
Maria (Paty Díaz, M'Balia Marichal Ibar) -
Susana (Liza Echeverria, Mariana Garza) -
Juan (Alberto Mayagoitia, Raúl Magaña) -
Neftalí (Héctor Hernández, Pedro Romo) -
Daniela (Maria Fernanda Urdapilleta, Mariana Botas, Paula Gutiérrez) -
Manuel (Manuel Bermudez, Charlie Santana, Alan Sanchez, Santiago Hernández) -
ToNo (Isaac Castro) -
Romina (Anahí Sánchez) -
Sesamstraat (Netherlands)
Pino - A blue swan equivalent of Big Bird, with blue feathers and an orange beak. He is also the cousin of Big Bird.
Tommie - A Muppet dog
Ieniemienie - A Muppet mouse
Purk - A Muppet pig
Troel - Tommie's girlfriend
Bert - A yellow Anything Muppet.
Ernie - An orange Anything Muppet.
Grover - A blue monster
Elmo - A red monster
Humans in Sesamstraat
Buurman Baasje - male
Elvan - female
Frank - male
Gerda - female
Hakim - male
Lot - female
Meneer Aart - male
Paula - female
Rik - male
Sien - female
Sesam Stasjon (Norway)
Max Mekker - A big blue monster who owns a train station called "Sesam Stasjon".
Alfa - A female yellow monster.
Bjarne - A pink man who owns a ticket booth.
Py - A red monster who hatched from a blue egg.
Humans in Sesam Stasjon
O. Tidemann - A kind but somewhat blustery grandfatherly-type of a station master who generally manages to keep the station running smoothly, even if he doesn't always get the peace and quiet he wants.
Leonora Dorothea Dahl - A former world-famous singer who used to travel around the world. She still likes to sing at any opportunity, and is a good cook.
Sesame (Philippines)
Pong Pagong - A clumsy, pink full-body turtle wearing a baseball cap.
Kiko Matsing - A brown monkey.
Human Characters
Kuya Mario portrayed by Junix Inocian
Ate Sylvia portrayed by Susan Africa.
Aling Nena portrayed by Angie Ferro.
Mang Lino portrayed by Joe Gruta.
Luz portrayed by Dessa Quesada.
Ben portrayed by Tito Quesada.
Rua Sésamo (Portugal)
Poupas - An orange bird and the cousin of Big Bird.
Ferrão - A brown-colored version of Oscar the Grouch that lived inside a bottomless barrel in the town square on the street.
Tita - A gray Muppet cat.
Ulitsa Sezam (Russia)
Zeliboba - A 9-foot furry blue Dvorovoi (tree spirit) who enjoys dancing
Businka - A bright pink monster who finds joy in everything
Kubik - An orange monster who is the resident pensive problem-solver who used to be a school teacher
Takalani Sesame (South Africa)
Kami - A yellow monster who raised controversy in the USA due to her HIV+ status
Moshe - A four year old, vegetarian meerkat who is extremely optimistic and loves to dance. He is Takalani Sesame's equivalent to Big Bird.
Zikwe - A blue monster who owns a taxi cab with no wheels
Kupukeji - A green worm found by Zikwe and cared for by Moshe
Elmo - A Muppet red monster who loves to play with Zuzu and explore new things. He is from the same model as on the American series.
Zuzu - A young purple monster who loves acting
Basma - A young purple monster who loves new experiences and music
Jad - A young yellow monster who has a passion with visual arts and is a good organizer
Grover - A blue monster who appears in the Playtime segments along with Basma and Jad
Barrio Sésamo (Spain)
Espinete - A large pink hedgehog.
Don Pimpón - A monster of an unknown species who is another Full-Bodied Muppet that works as a farmer.
Caponata - A chicken equivalent to Big Bird.
Perezgil - A male green snail.
Bluki - A blue cat-like Muppet.
Gaspar - A red-haired man who works at a market.
Vera - A female yellow monster who is similar to Elmo, serving the same role.
Bubo - A brown owl.
Epi y Blas - Two characters serving the same roles as Ernie and Bert
Ahlan Simsim (Syria)
Basma – a purple monster who loves new experiences
Jad – a yellow monster who loves to paint
Ma'zooza – a baby goat
Susam Sokağı (Turkey)
Kirpik - A Grouch who lives in a pile of boxes.
Minik Kuş - A red version of Big Bird.
Kurabiye Canavarı - A Turkey counterpart of Cookie Monster.
Alam Simsim (Egypt)
Nimnim - A tall furry green creature with orange legs, having a similar role to Big Bird.
Filfil - A fuzzy-bearded purple monster who likes to eat 'Asilaya (honey sesame sticks), similar to Cookie Monster.
Khokha - A furry peach-colored monster who likes to play pretend.
Am Gherghis - A human who is the local shopkeeper.
Am Hussein - A human who is a carpenter.
Ama Kheireya - A human. Also called Um Kareem, she is the wife of Am Hussein, mother of Mona and Kareem.
Mona - A human who is the teenage daughter of Kheireya and Hussein.
Kareem - A human who is the pre-teen brother of Mona.
Ama Nabila - A human who is the proprietress of the bookstore/library.
Jalan Sesama (Indonesia)
Momon - A five-year-old yellow monster who learns to draw letters and loves drawing and counting.
Putri - An active young girl who is always asking Momon for help.
Tantan - A wise female orangutan that settles every dispute on Jalan Sesama.
Jabrik - A baby rhinoceros that is always complaining and laughing.
Agen Rahasia 123 (Secret Agent 123) - A James Bond-like agent who have a mission to solve a problem caused by a Goat
Ulica Sezamkowa (Poland)
Bazyli - A large multicolored dragon.
Beata - A short female sheep.
Pędzipotwór - A turquoise female monster.
Humans on Ulica Sezamkowa
Mom (Anna Radwan, Polish actress) -
Dad (Artur Dziurman, Polish actor) -
Grandpa (Andrzej Buszewicz, Polish actor) -
Kasia - A girl.
Krzyś - A boy.
Lists of children's television characters
Non-American television series based on American television series |
10343859 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tianyi%20Square | Tianyi Square | Tianyi Square () was the biggest square in Ningbo, Zhejiang province, China designed by architect Qingyun Ma.
Location
It is located in the Ningbo city centre, Zhongshan Road, Haishu District, covering an area of .
History
It was completed in 2002. The Square is surrounded by 22 different buildings with a European style. In the central part, there is an open area covering and a water area covering which includes pools and fountain. There is a musical fountain in the central square, which is the highest one in Asia with a height of . The fountain can turn into different shapes and styles, such as mineral-flower-style and waltz-flower-style. Near the fountain, there is a water screen where tourists can watch movies. The water screen is high and wide. There is also a typical Gothic Church in front of the square.
Tianyi Square is also the biggest multi-function square in China. It won the prize for the best public art construction after being completed in 2003.
Sections
The Square is divided into 10 sections, including supermarket area, retail area, electronics area, souvenir area, clothing area, hotel area, entertainment area, restaurant area, children’s area and a mixed area. There are a total of about 300 shops in the Square. Tian Yi Square provides tourists and citizens with a fashionable and pleasant paradise for relaxing and shopping. It is also a lively and important commercial area for business and trade in Ningbo.
References
Economy in Ningbo
Squares in Ningbo |
24971223 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salsbruket | Salsbruket | Salsbruket is a village in Nærøysund municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The village is located at the end of the Oppløyfjorden, at the mouth of the river Oppløyelva. A sawmill lies in the eastern part of the village, the Oplø area in the center, and Langnes in the western part of the village. Salsbruket Chapel is located in the central part of Oplø.
References
Villages in Trøndelag
Nærøysund
Nærøy |
1238052 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBC2%20Floodlit%20Trophy | BBC2 Floodlit Trophy | The BBC 2 Floodlit Trophy (also known as the BBC 2 Television Trophy) was a competition for British rugby league clubs held between 1965 and 1980. It was designed specifically for television, and the then director of BBC2, broadcaster David Attenborough, was instrumental in its creation. When the competition was first mooted not many clubs were equipped with floodlights, but the tournament caused no fewer than twenty-one clubs to install them.
The tournament was not Rugby League's first foray into evening television; the 1955–56 season saw a tournament titled the Independent Television Floodlit Trophy. Eight clubs participated in a series of games played at football grounds in the London area, with Warrington eventually running out 43-18 victors over Leigh.
The tournament was played during the early part of the season. Each week one match would be played under floodlights on a Tuesday evening; the second half of this match that would be broadcast live on BBC2. Non-televised matches were played at various times, depending on clubs' commitments in more prestigious tournaments. Despite the title many matches did not take place under floodlights; clubs such as Barrow and Bramley (for example) did not possess adequate lighting.
The first season, 1965–66, eight clubs - Castleford, Leeds, Leigh, Oldham, St. Helens, Swinton, Warrington and Widnes took part. Seven of the eight teams had floodlights and Leeds installed theirs the following season.
The four-tackles-then-a-scrum rule was first introduced in the competition's second season, in October 1966, before being implemented in all competitions by December.
Castleford won the trophy in the first season, 1965–66 and won the trophy the most times, on three more occasions 1966–67, 1967–68 and 1976–77.
Despite disagreements over shirt sponsorship in the early 1970s, Rugby League remained a mainstay of BBC Television during the 1970s, and 1980s, although the commitment to the Floodlit Trophy decreased before financial cutbacks at the BBC lead to its cancellation after the 1979-80 competition. In the last final, Hull F.C. beat local rivals Hull Kingston Rovers.
List of finals
References
External links
BBC Floodlit Trophy results - Rugby league Project
Hull FC v Hall KR - BBC Floodlight Trophy Final 1979-80
Rugby league competitions in the United Kingdom
1965 establishments in the United Kingdom
1980 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
Recurring sporting events established in 1965
Recurring events disestablished in 1980
BBC events |
47211527 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agulhas%20Passage | Agulhas Passage | The Agulhas Passage is an abyssal channel located south of South Africa between the Agulhas Bank and Agulhas Plateau. About wide, it connects the Natal Valley and Transkei Basin in the north to the Agulhas Basin in the south and is the only near-shore connection between the south-western Indian Ocean and South Atlantic Ocean.
Geology
The formation of the Agulhas Passage was initiated by the Gondwana break-up some (Ma) and the rifting of the Somali and Mozambique Basins, an event associated with the formation of the ocean floor in the Weddell Sea 147 Ma.
Between the Agulhas Bank and the Agulhas Passage the boundary between the Earth's crust and the mantle (the Moho) ascend from over which is normal for a continent-ocean boundary. The crustal thickness under the Agulhas Passage varies from which is equally normal for oceanic crust. It is possible, however, that volcanic flows from the Agulhas Plateau large igneous province (LIP) added crustal material to the Agulhas Passage (which is 160-120 Ma) during the LIP formation (100-80 Ma) and that the crust under the passage was originally thinner.
The sedimentary layers are very thin in the western Agulhas Passage, in places only . In the central parts of the passage, in contrast, they can reach and form sediment drifts. The southern part is affected by thinning and erosion.
Oceanography
The Agulhas Current, the western boundary current of the Indian Ocean, flows south through the Natal Valley, Transkei Basin, and Agulhas Passage into the south-east Atlantic Ocean where it retroflects back into the Indian Ocean as the Agulhas Return Current. In the Indian Ocean, the Agulhas Current is dissipated into a gyre which finally brings parts of the water mass back to the Natal Valley.
Since the development of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current in the Oligocene, Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) flows both north through the Agulhas Passage and south of the Agulhas Plateau into the Transkei Basin and then into the Mozambique Basin.
North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) flows north through the Agulhas Passage and then west of the Mozambique Ridge and through the Transkei Basin east of the ridge and then into the Indian Ocean. South of South Africa NADW is found close to a depth of where it transports 2.9 Sverdrups (million m³/s) at a speed of , resulting in an Agulhas Passage depleted of sediments at this level.
Antarctic Intermediate Water flows from Antarctica into the Indian Ocean from where it reaches Africa from the east. It flows south through the Agulhas Passage and then follows the Agulhas Current and retroflects back into the Indian Ocean.
References
Notes
Sources
Landforms of the Indian Ocean |
12176662 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyciasalamandra | Lyciasalamandra | Lyciasalamandra is a genus of salamanders in the family Salamandridae. They are native to southwestern coast of Turkey and nearby Aegean Islands (Greece). As of early 2018, all species in the genus are threatened. The common name Lycian salamanders has been coined for them.
Species
Lyciasalamandra contains seven recognized species:
Molecular data suggest that some recently described species (Lyciasalamandra irfani, Lyciasalamandra arikani, and Lyciasalamandra yehudahi), which as of early 2018 are still listed by the AmphibiaWeb, should be considered as subspecies of Lyciasalamandra billae.
Reproduction
All Lyciasalamandra species are viviparous, as are four species of Salamandra.
References
Amphibian genera
Amphibians of Asia
Amphibians of Europe
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
14324800 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skot | Skot | Skot may refer to:
Skot (unit), a deprecated non-SI unit of luminance
SKOT may refer to:
Otú Airport (ICAO airport code)
OT-64 SKOT, a Polish-Czechoslovakian APC |
69248715 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larry%20Gordon%20%28musician%29 | Larry Gordon (musician) | Lawrence Edward Gordon (July 3, 1945 – November 9, 2021) was an American singer, multi-instrumentalist, teacher, composer and conductor, based in Marshfield, Vermont. He was the co-founder and director of numerous musical ensembles, most notably the Onion River Chorus in 1978 and Village Harmony in 1989. Gordon has been credited with bringing American shapenote music, a predominantly Southern tradition from the mid-19th century on, back to New England in the 1970s.
Early life and political activism
Larry Gordon was born in Rome, Georgia on July 3, 1945, to Jewish parents who were living in the American South to work for the USO during WWII. Gordon's father was William "Bill" Gordon (né Wolf Gordonovich), an activist in left-wing causes born in Shumskas (a Jewish shtetl in what was then Poland). His mother was Helen Gordon (née Appelman), after whom the Helen Gordon Child Development Center at Portland State University is named. He had two siblings, the historian Linda Gordon and Lee David Gordon. He grew up mainly in Colorado and Oregon, graduating from high school in Portland, OR in 1963. Gordon's parents were members of the Communist Party, and he described his family of origin as "a left-wing radical family . . . so it was a very political household with many visitors [who would] talk about politics and community organizing." Gordon attended Swarthmore College for two years, then transferred to Suffolk University.
While at Swarthmore, Gordon became involved in Students for a Democratic Society, a nationwide American organization active through the 1960s. After graduating from Suffolk University in 1968, Gordon worked for Urban Planning Aid, Inc. (1966–1982), an organization in Boston with the stated goal of "offer[ing] technical and informational assistance and promot[ing] transfer of skills to low income community and workplace groups in Eastern Massachusetts around issues of housing, industrial health and safety, [and] media access". Gordon's particular project in 1968 and 1969 was working with the organization to stop the proposed inner belt expressway that UPA believed would destroy many inner-city neighborhoods.
Cooperatives and Bread & Puppet
After a friend from SDS moved to Plainfield, Vermont in the late 1960s, Gordon visited him there and became involved in helping to build what would become the New Hamburger Cooperative, and lived there at the co-op for about 15 years. Gordon continued to be politically active in left-wing causes through SDS, mostly in areas around community organizing; his wing of the SDS was interested in local affairs (such as housing and welfare issues), and was critical of another wing of the organization that placed its focus on anti-war activities, leading to the formation of the Weathermen.
While in Vermont, Gordon's musical activities flourished. With the Word of Mouth Chorus, he began what would be a longterm involvement with Bread & Puppet, a politically radical puppet theater. A friend recalls Gordon introducing Sacred Harp music to the group, which embraced it enthusiastically. Bread & Puppet's 1972 performance of Stations of the Cross was the first time shape note singing surfaced in a Bread and Puppet production and in the years since it has been a frequent element in the group’s performances.
Gordon also worked with the Plainfield Food Co-op (in Plainfield, Vermont) and the Cherry Hill Cannery (in Berlin, Vermont).
Musical career
Word of Mouth Chorus
In the early 1970s, Gordon formed the Word of Mouth choral group. Between 1973 and 1976, the group refined their focus, increasing their performance activity and continuing to promote Sacred Harp music, and published a collection called the "Early American Songbook " (1975) in standard, non-shaped notation.
The ensemble toured the southern United States and released an album, Rivers of Delight: American Folk Hymns from the Sacred Harp Tradition, in 1978.
Word of Mouth's entrée into the world of southern Sacred Harp singing was not entirely without controversy. In her 2017 dissertation on Sacred Harp music as performed outside of the Southern American milieu, Ellen Lueck writes:
Larry Gordon’s willingness to perform Sacred Harp for formal audiences has not gone without criticism from those who firmly believe that the repertoire should be enjoyed only within an open community context, or from those who adhere to the trope of “it’s just not done” in the American South. [Ethnomusicologist] Kiri Miller devotes an entire subsection of her book to a critique of the Word of Mouth Chorus and their 1979 album Rivers of Delight where she essentially claims a hijacking of The Sacred Harp for the purposes of a personal project.</blockquote>
Nevertheless, Lueck writes, "it is still important to consider the positive impact that the professional presentations of the Word of Mouth Chorus had on Sacred Harp singing in New England, and subsequently across the Atlantic." In fact, had Gordon and Word of Mouth not engaged in the musical/cultural exchange they did, "many of the people who were first attracted to Sacred Harp singing through the Word of Mouth Chorus’ [album] Rivers of Delight may never have found a pathway to the inclusive and thriving singing network that is present today."
Onion River Chorus
The Onion River Chorus was founded around 1976–1978 by Gordon and the late Brian Webb, with Gordon managing programming, and Webb serving as the primary conductor for the choir's first ten years. The Onion River Chorus is a non-auditioned community chorus, and has historically made use of a wide-ranging and eclectic repertoire, including pieces by Baroque composers such as Jan Dismas Zelenka and Marc-Antoine Charpentier, as well as Hieronymus Praetorius, and contemporary works by Vermont composer Don Jamison (among others).
Village Harmony
Village Harmony, a 501(c)(3) non-profit, is an umbrella organization comprising a diverse range of choral singing activities, including Northern Harmony, a semi-professional touring ensemble with a shifting membership. Gordon founded Village Harmony in 1989, and its first summer camp was held the following year. Each year since 1990, Village Harmony organizes multiple sessions of summer camps (both touring and residential sessions) for teenagers, largely in northern New England and in Oregon. Since 1994, Village Harmony has also organized international sessions for adults. Drawing on Gordon's extensive and eclectic musical expertise, as well as that of the organization's co-director Patty Cuyler (who joined in 1994), Village Harmony has taught and performed music from a diverse range of musical regions and traditions, most notably Bulgaria, Macedonia, Georgia, South Africa, Appalachia, Corsica, and more. Village Harmony has been described as "the leader in engaging young people in traditional [folk, vernacular, and art] music".
Village Harmony was the subject of a chapter in the book A Different Voice, A Different Song: Reclaiming Community through the Natural Voice and World Song (Bithell, 2014), which "explores the history and significance of the natural voice movement and its culture of open-access community choirs, weekend workshops, and summer camps"; Gordon was mentioned in his capacity as a director and an important emotional figure for many teenagers involved in Village Harmony:
<blockquote>Often, some of the participants will already know one another: they may sing in the same choir or have attended the same workshops at home, or they may have met on previous overseas tours. Many of the younger singers grew up with Village Harmony’s youth camps and feel very much a part of the Village Harmony family, often viewing Patty [Cuyler] and Larry [Gordon] as surrogate parent figures.
Publications, compositions and releases
Gordon was a well-known teacher and popularizer of Sacred Harp music, both traditional and contemporary. However, Gordon wrote only one song in the Sacred Harp tradition, a setting of Dylan Thomas' celebrated poem Do not go gentle into that good night.
The following is not an exhaustive list.
Audio recordings
Honor to the hills, 1988
Emerald stream : music from the shape note tradition, old & new, 1992
Northern harmony, 1992
Heavenly meeting : European tour, fall 1994, 1994
Endless light : spiritual songs by a new generation, 1997
USA tour 1999, 1999
Crossing boundaries : USA tour 2000, 2000
Where everything is music : USA tour 2002, 2002
Publications
The Word of Mouth early American songbook, ca. 1976
Emerald stream : twenty-one original shape-note compositions, 1992
Northern harmony : plain tunes, fuging tunes and anthems from the early and contemporary New England singing traditions, 2012
The best of Village Harmony: a 25th anniversary collection: traditional & composed polyphonic songs from America, the Balkans, Caucasus Georgia, Ukraine, Corsica & More, 2014
Death and legacy
On November 1, 2021, Gordon was found after an apparent bicycle accident near his home in Marshfield, VT. For the following nine days, he was under the care of doctors at UVM Medical Center. A Facebook group was set up for members of the Village Harmony community to support each other and to share stories about and memories of Gordon; by November 11, 2021, the group had more than 1,000 members.
When it became clear that recovery was not possible, Gordon's family and loved ones made the decision to remove him from life support, and he died shortly thereafter, on November 9, at the age of 76. A vigil and gathering was held at Gordon's home in Marshfield, and some 200 people who were unable to attend in person sent notes to be placed in his casket before cremation. Other vigils and memorials were held concurrently elsewhere, including Brattleboro, Boston, Western Massachusetts, New York, Washington, D.C., the San Francisco Bay area, Seattle, England, Germany and South Africa. An on-air memorial program on Vermont Public Radio aired on November 14, 2021.
Gordon is remembered by friends, students, and colleagues as a man of contrast and complexity. He was a singer whose "loud, booming bass ran counterpoint to his casual dress in concert and low-key, down-home manner with audiences", a strong leader whose authority stemmed from his apparently total faith in those he taught, his belief that "anyone could do what[ever] he needed them to do."
References
External links
Village Harmony
Onion River Chorus
Village Harmony Bandcamp page
1945 births
2021 deaths
American music educators
20th-century American male singers
Jewish American musicians
American folk musicians
Performers of early music
People from Rome, Georgia
American Ashkenazi Jews
Road incident deaths in Vermont
Cycling road incident deaths |
25755219 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curry%20Awards | Curry Awards | The Curry Awards is an award given to curry restaurants in the United Kingdom, which have achieved "total excellence" in all departments by The Curry Club in association with its publication, The Good Curry Guide.
The Good Curry Guide Awards ceremony was established in May 1991 by Pat Chapman and was the first awards ceremony of any restaurant sector.
History
Pat Chapman’s first Good Curry Guide was published in 1984. About 600 Indian restaurants were selected for entry (out of the 4,000 that existed then) and it carried little critical information. The next edition (1987) addressed this by having critical entries from correspondents. No one restaurant was rated higher than any other. In other words neither of these editions named the ‘Best in Class’; Chapman considered that since only the top percentage achieved entry, all entries were ‘Good Curry Guide Restaurants’. The publication attracted considerable media attention. However journalists and food writers from such publications as The Evening Standard, The Daily Telegraph, The Times, and BBC Good Food Magazine pressured Chapman to name the best.
Chapman asked his correspondents which restaurants could qualify into a TOP 30 category (which became TOP 100 in 1995), and which could be best regionally and best in UK. The results were duly published in the 1991 Guide and to launch it Chapman decided to hold an Awards Ceremony for the winners. Unlike today, it was a time when there were few such ceremonies. Chapman modelled it on the Academy Award, by commencing with a formal presention of a certificate to each winner in turn before a group of their peers and media, and following with a luncheon to emphasise the event's social side. On that first ceremony, there were eight winners, including Chutney Mary Indian restaurant London, SW10 as Best in UK, where the event was held.
Media and public response to this was enormous. So by the time the next GCG was due for publication, the TOP 30 was increased to the new TOP 100 category, and from that no less that 18 ‘Best in Category were to be awarded.
It was clear a bigger venue was needed, and one which was divorced from winning restaurants. Chapman had been to an Asian wedding at a Heathrow Hotel where the catering was by Madhu’s. Chapman suggested they did his catering and the Park Lane Hotel was chosen with a seating capacity of 330 seats. It was the first time Madhu’s had catered for any event other than Asian weddings. Chapman organised the entire event. Of the 300 seats, 80 were taken by media.
Present
Between 18 and 20 Awards are given before an audience of restaurant personnel and their guests, sponsors, media, press and others, totalling some 800.
The luncheon is a major feature of the event. Catering for any event attended by others in the catering trade is a challenge; Chapman's Awards the more so. Being an Indian Restaurant event, the restaurateurs are from all countries of the subcontinent so it is no mean task for the caterer to satisfy 800 of his international peers, and one few caterers would attempt.
The event is widely reported in the UK and in the subcontinent, and it is televised by Sony Entertainment Television Asia and is screened and repeated in Australia, Canada, Europe, Pakistan, India, Mauritius, the Middle East, New Zealand, South Africa, the United Kingdom and the United States to millions of viewers.
The Achievement
Of the 9,000 Indian restaurants in Britain, each of which are scrupulously examined, only seventy restaurants become shortlisted with four to each of the eighteen Award categories. Of these only eighteen win the Awards. That is one-in-500 or 0.2% (zero-point two) percentage of the total.
Timescale
The Good Curry Guide Awards ceremony has been held each time a Good Curry Guide is published as follows:
Past and present winners of "Best in the UK" award
The chief Award is the Best in the UK.
• 1991/4 ~ Chutney Mary, SW10
• 1995/7 ~ Bombay Brasserie, SW7
• 1998/9 ~ La Porte des Indes, W1
• 1999/2001 ~ Chutney Mary, SW10
• 2002/3 ~ Quilon's, SW1
• 2004/6 ~ Madhu's, Southall
• 2007/8 ~ Ithiaas, Birmingham
• 2009/10 ~ Masala World Group, London: Amaya, Chutney Mary, Veerswamys, Masala Zone (8)
• 2013 ~ Painted Heron, SW1
Good Curry Guide Awards Categories, 2013
Regional Awards
These 25 restaurants (and one group of 11) are located all over the UK, and are considered to be the best in their region. Each of these winners, has been visited by Pat Chapman during 2012/3 and presented with their Award Certificate.
*Best in the North of England 2013
BEST UK GROUP ~ Akbars (11 restaurants): Bradford (2), Birmingham, Glasgow, Leeds (2), Manchester, Middlesbrough, Newcastle, Rotherham & York.
BEST IN YORKSHIRE ~ Ashoka Sheffield
BEST IN MERSEYSIDE ~ Gulshan Liverpool
BEST IN NORTH EAST ~ Valley 397 Newcastle
*Best in the Midlands, England 2013
BEST IN MIDLANDS ~ Anoki Burton, Derby, Nottingham
BEST IN EAST MIDLANDS ~ Curry Fever Leicester Leics
BEST IN WEST MIDLANDS ~ Maharaja Birmingham West Midlands
BEST IN CENTRAL ENGLAND ~ Calcutta Brasserie Milton Keynes Bucks
*Best in South East England 2013 (alphabetical)
BEST IN the SOUTH EAST ~ The Ambrette Margate Kent & Rye Sussex
BEST ON SOUTH COAST ~ Bombay Bay, Southsea Hants
BEST IN OUTER LONDON, WEST ~ Brilliant Southall, Middlesex
BEST IN HOME COUNTIES, NORTH ~ Chez Mumtaj St Albans, Herts
BEST IN SURREY ~ India Dining, Warlingham, Surrey
BEST IN SOUTH ENGLAND ~ Massala, Cobham, Surrey
BEST IN HOME COUNTIES, WEST ~ Mango Lounge Windsor Berks
BEST IN OUTER LONDON, SOUTH ~ Sesame New Malden
*Best in South West England 2013
BEST IN THE WEST COUNTRY ~ Viceroy, Yeovil, Somerset
BEST IN THE SOUTH WEST ~ Mysterica, Bristol
BEST IN CORNWALL ~ Rajdoot, St Ives, Cornwall
*Best in Scotland 2013
BEST OVERALL in SCOTLAND ~ Verandah Edinburgh
BEST IN NORTH SCOTLAND ~ Balaka St Andrews Fife
BEST IN EAST SCOTLAND ~ Mya, Edinburgh, Lothian
*Best in Wales 2013'
BEST IN WALES ~ Moksh Cardiff Glamorgan
BEST IN NORTH WALES ~ Bengal Dynasty Shotton & Llandudno
Cuisine Awards (Not Awarded in 2012/3)
Best Bangladeshi
Best Nepalese
Best Indian
Best Pakistani
Best Sri Lankan
Best South East Asian
Speciality Awards (Not Awarded in 2012/3)
Best Chef
Best Maître d'
Best Newcomer
Lifetime Achievement Award (Not Awarded in 2012/3)
Awarded 2007 to Satish Arora, Chef Culinaire, Taj Group
See also
Pat Chapman
The Curry Club
Good Curry Guide
Bibliography
• 1984 Good Curry Guide, Curry Club —
• 1987 Good Curry Guide, Piatkus, London —
• 1991 Cobra Good Curry Guide, Piatkus, London —
• 1995 Cobra Good Curry Guide, Piatkus, London —
• 1998 Cobra Good Curry Guide, Hodder & Stoughton, London —
• 1999 Cobra Good Curry Guide, Hodder & Stoughton, London —
• 2000 Cobra Curryholics’ Directory, John Blake Publishing, London —
• 2001 Cobra Good Curry Guide, Simon & Schuster, London —
• 2004 Cobra Good Curry Guide, Curry Club, Haslemere —
• 2007 Cobra Good Curry Guide, John Blake Publishing, London —
• 2009 Cobra Good Curry Guide, John Blake Publishing, London —
• 2010 Cobra Good Curry Guide, John Blake Publishing, London — New cover same text as 2009.
• 2013 Cobra Good Curry Guide, Curry Club Publisher, Haslemere — Complete rewrite.
DVD
• Good Curry Guide Award Ceremony 2007 https://web.archive.org/web/20090105192355/http://www.patchapman.co.uk/catalogue/product/914/2461
References
External links
https://web.archive.org/web/20110929175920/http://globalmalaysians.com/feature/story.asp?file=%2F2006%2F4%2F21%2Ffeature%2F13970739&sec=feature
https://web.archive.org/web/20100410135959/http://www.patchapman.co.uk/page/cobra-good-curry-guide
http://www.curryhouse.co.uk/scene/gcg2004.html
https://web.archive.org/web/20110520033239/http://londoneats.com/news/default.asp?PressID=75
https://web.archive.org/web/20100823215756/http://www.victoriasindia.co.uk/news.htm
http://www.nriinternet.com/NRIentrepreneurs/UK/A_Z/A/Sanjay_Anand/index.html
https://web.archive.org/web/20110710204551/http://www.ethnicnow.com/channels/food-drink/press-release/11/947/itihaas-scoops -top-honours-at-2007-cobra-good-curry-awards.html
https://web.archive.org/web/20110707151940/http://aphrohead.com/Product.aspx?pid=11927505
http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article453496.ece
http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/restaurants/article-10796583-details/Britain%27s+best+curry/article.do
https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2007/nov/11/shopping
https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2004/mar/24/foodanddrink
http://www.nriinternet.com/NRIentrepreneurs/UK/A_Z/A/Sanjay_Anand/index.html
https://web.archive.org/web/20090105192355/http://www.patchapman.co.uk/catalogue/product/914/2461
International Chef Award-1
International Chef Award-2
Food and drink awards
British cuisine
Restaurant guides
1991 establishments in the United Kingdom |
21759243 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Register%20of%20Historic%20Places%20listings%20in%20Morgan%20County%2C%20Colorado | National Register of Historic Places listings in Morgan County, Colorado |
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Morgan County, Colorado.
This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Morgan County, Colorado, United States. The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in a map.
There are 16 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county.
Current listings
|}
See also
List of National Historic Landmarks in Colorado
National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado
References
Morgan |
9111979 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domburg-Buiten | Domburg-Buiten | Domburg-Buiten is a former municipality in the Dutch province of Zeeland. It existed until 1816, when it merged with Domburg-Binnen to form the new municipality of Domburg.
The municipality of Domburg-Buiten covered the countryside of Domburg. The area did not include any villages or hamlets; in the middle of the 19th century, there were about 140 inhabitants.
References
Former municipalities of Zeeland
Veere |
9021459 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calamander | Calamander | Calamander or coromandel is a valuable wood from India and Sri Lanka (Ceylon). It is a hazel-brown color, with black stripes (or the other way about), very heavy and hard. It is also known as Macassar ebony or variegated ebony and is closely related to genuine ebony, but is obtained from different species in the same genus; one of these is Diospyros quaesita Thwaites, from Sri Lanka. The name "calamander" comes from coromandel, referring to the Coromandel Coast in India from where it was exported. It is used in furniture, luthiery and for sculpture.
Calamander has been logged to extinction over the last two to three hundred years and is no longer available for new work in any quantity. Furniture in calamander is so expensive and so well looked after that even recycling it is an unlikely source.
A substitute, Macassar ebony, has similar characteristics and to the untrained eye is nearly the same but it lacks the depth of colour seen in genuine calamander.
References
Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
Wood
Diospyros |
29738090 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom%20Tavares | Tom Tavares | António Sérgio Lopes Tavares (born 12 June 1987) is a Cape Verdean international footballer who plays for Portuguese club S.C.U. Torreense, as a midfielder.
Career
Born in Tarrafal, Tavares has played for Estrela dos Amadores, Sporting Clube da Praia, Anadia, Primeiro de Agosto, Benfica de Luanda and Oriental de Lisboa. In June 2016 he signed for Académica.
He made his international debut for Cape Verde in 2009.
References
External links
1987 births
Living people
Cape Verdean footballers
Association football midfielders
People from Tarrafal
Footballers from Santiago, Cape Verde
Estrela dos Amadores players
Sporting Clube da Praia players
Santiago South Premier Division players
C.D. Primeiro de Agosto players
S.L. Benfica (Luanda) players
Liga Portugal 2 players
Segunda Divisão players
Anadia F.C. players
Casa Pia A.C. players
Clube Oriental de Lisboa players
Associação Académica de Coimbra – O.A.F. players
S.C.U. Torreense players
Cape Verde international footballers
Cape Verdean expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Angola
Expatriate footballers in Portugal
Cape Verdean expatriate sportspeople in Angola
Cape Verdean expatriate sportspeople in Portugal |
43205650 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick%20Fradj | Patrick Fradj | Patrick Fradj is a French footballer who plays as a right-back for US Tourcoing FC.
External links
References
1992 births
Living people
Association football defenders
French footballers
Ligue 2 players
RC Lens players
Iris Club de Croix players |
23437356 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve%20Huebert | Steve Huebert | Steve Huebert (born April 5, 1959) is a Republican member of the Kansas House of Representatives, representing the 90th district. He has served since 2001. The American Conservative Union has given him a lifetime evaluation of 81%.
Huebert, who earned his BS from Wichita State University, has worked as an ergonomic analyst and systems engineer. His is married to Marsha and has three children, Sara, Allyson and Jake. From 1993 to 1995 he served on the Unified School District 262 School Board.
Committee membership
Education
Federal and State Affairs
Elections (Chair)
Local Government
Joint Committee on Administrative Rules and Regulations
Joint Committee on Special Claims Against the State
References
External links
Kansas Legislature - Steve Huebert
Project Vote Smart profile
Kansas Votes profile
Members of the Kansas House of Representatives
Living people
Kansas Republicans
21st-century American politicians
1959 births
Wichita State University alumni |
1261011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary%20ecology | Evolutionary ecology | Evolutionary ecology lies at the intersection of ecology and evolutionary biology. It approaches the study of ecology in a way that explicitly considers the evolutionary histories of species and the interactions between them. Conversely, it can be seen as an approach to the study of evolution that incorporates an understanding of the interactions between the species under consideration. The main subfields of evolutionary ecology are life history evolution, sociobiology (the evolution of social behavior), the evolution of interspecific interactions (e.g. cooperation, predator–prey interactions, parasitism, mutualism) and the evolution of biodiversity and of ecological communities.
Evolutionary ecology mostly considers two things: how interactions (both among species and between species and their physical environment) shape species through selection and adaptation, and the consequences of the resulting evolutionary change.
Evolutionary models
A large part of evolutionary ecology is about utilising models and finding empirical data as proof. Examples include the Lack clutch size model devised by David Lack and his study of Darwin's finches on the Galapagos Islands. Lack's study of Darwin's finches was important in analyzing the role of different ecological factors in speciation. Lack suggested that differences in species were adaptive and produced by natural selection, based on the assertion by G.F. Gause that two species cannot occupy the same niche.
Richard Levins introduced his model of the specialization of species in 1968, which investigated how habitat specialization evolved within heterogeneous environments using the fitness sets an organism or species possesses. This model developed the concept of spatial scales in specific environments, defining fine-grained spatial scales and coarse-grained spatial scales. The implications of this model include a rapid increase in environmental ecologists' understanding of how spatial scales impact species diversity in a certain environment.
Another model is Law and Diekmann's 1996 models on mutualism, which is defined as a relationship between two organisms that benefits both individuals. Law and Diekmann developed a framework called adaptive dynamics, which assumes that changes in plant or animal populations in response to a disturbance or lack thereof occurs at a faster rate than mutations occur. It is aimed to simplify other models addressing the relationships within communities.
Tangled nature model
The tangled nature model provides different methods for demonstrating and predicting trends in evolutionary ecology. The model analyzes an individual prone to mutation within a population as well as other factors such as extinction rate. The model was developed by Simon Laird, Daniel Lawson, and Henrik Jeldtoft Jensen of the Imperial College London in 2002. The purpose of the model is to create a simple and logical ecological model based on observation. The model is designed such that ecological effects can be accounted for when determining form, and fitness of a population.
Ecological genetics
Ecological genetics tie into evolutionary ecology through the study of how traits evolve in natural populations. Ecologists are concerned with how the environment and timeframe leads to genes becoming dominant. Organisms must continually adapt in order to survive in natural habitats. Genes define which organisms survive and which will die out. When organisms develop different genetic variations, even though they stem from the same species, it is known as polymorphism. Organisms that pass on beneficial genes continue to evolve their species to have an advantage inside of their niche.
Evolutionary ecologists
Charles Darwin
The basis of the central principles of evolutionary ecology can be attributed to Charles Darwin (1809–1882), specifically in referencing his theory of natural selection and population dynamics, which discusses how populations of a species change over time. According to Ernst Mayr, professor of Zoology at Harvard University, Darwin’s most distinct contributions to evolutionary biology and ecology are as follows: “The first is the non-constancy of species, or the modern conception of evolution itself. The second is the notion of branching evolution, implying the common descent of all species of living things on earth from a single unique origin.” Additionally, “Darwin further noted that evolution must be gradual, with no major breaks or discontinuities. Finally, he reasoned that the mechanism of evolution was natural selection.”
George Evelyn Hutchinson
George Evelyn Hutchinson’s (1903–1991) contributions to the field of ecology spanned over 60 years, in which he had significant influence in systems ecology, radiation ecology, limnology, and entomology. Described as the “father of modern ecology” by Stephen Jay Gould, Hutchinson was one of the first scientists to link the subjects of ecology and mathematics. According to Hutchinson, he constructed “mathematical models of populations, the changing proportions of individuals of various ages, birthrate, the ecological niche, and population interaction in this technical introduction to population ecology.” He also had a vast interest in limnology, due to his belief that lakes could be studied as a microcosm that provides insight into system behavior. Hutchinson is also known for his work Circular Casual Systems in Ecology, in which he states that “groups of organisms may be acted upon by their environment, and they may react upon it. If a set of properties in either system changes in such a way that the action of the first system on the second changes, this may cause changes in properties of the second system which alter the mode of action of the second system on the first.”
Robert MacArthur
Robert MacArthur (1930–1972) is best known in the field of Evolutionary Ecology for his work The Theory of Island Biogeography, in which he and his co-author propose “that the number of species on any island reflects a balance between the rate at which new species colonize it and the rate at which populations of established species become extinct.”
Eric Pianka
According to the University of Texas, Eric Pianka’s (1939–present) work in evolutionary ecology includes foraging strategies, reproductive tactics, competition and niche theory, community structure and organization, species diversity, and understanding rarity. Pianka is also known for his interest in lizards to study ecological occurrences, as he claimed they were “often abundant, making them relatively easy to locate, observe, and capture.”
Michael Rosenzweig
Michael L. Rosenzweig (1941–present) created and popularized Reconciliation ecology, which began with his theory that designated nature preserves would not be enough land to conserve the biodiversity of Earth, as humans have used so much land that they have negatively impacted biogeochemical cycles and had other ecological impacts that have negatively affected species compositions.
Other notable evolutionary ecologists
R. A. Fisher (1890–1962), whose 1930 fundamental theorem of natural selection recognised the power of rigorous application of the theory of natural selection to population biology.
David Lack (1910–1973), a follower of Charles Darwin, worked to merge the fields of evolutionary biology and ecology, focusing mainly on birds and evolution.
Thierry Lodé (1956–present), a French ecologist whose work focused on how sexual conflict in populations of species impacts evolution.
Research
Michael Rosenzweig's idea of reconciliation ecology was developed based on existing research, which was conducted on the principle first suggested by Alexander von Humboldt stating that larger areas of land will have increased species diversity as compared to smaller areas. This research focused on species-area relationships (SPARs) and the different scales on which they exist, ranging from sample-area to interprovincial SPARs. Steady-state dynamics in diversity gave rise to these SPARs, which are now used to measure the reduction of species diversity on Earth. In response to this decline in diversity, Rosenzweig's reconciliation ecology was born.
Evolutionary ecology has been studied using symbiotic relationships between organisms to determine the evolutionary forces by which such relationships develop. In symbiotic relationships, the symbiont must confer some advantage to its host in order to persist and continue to be evolutionarily viable. Research has been conducted using aphids and the symbiotic bacteria with which they coevolve. These bacteria are most frequently conserved from generation to generation, displaying high levels of vertical transmission. Results have shown that these symbiotic bacteria ultimately confer some resistance to parasites to their host aphids, which both increases the fitness of the aphids and lead to symbiont-mediated coevolution between the species.
Color variation in cichlid fish
The effects of evolutionary ecology and its consequences can be seen in the case of color variation among African cichlid fish. With over 2,000 species, cichlid fishes are very species-rich and capable of complex social interactions. Polychromatism, the variation of color patterns within a population, occurs within cichlid fishes due to environmental adaptations and to increase chances of sexual reproduction.
See also
Evolutionary Ecology (journal)
References
Further reading
Fox, C.W., Roff, D.A. and Fairbairn, D.J. 2001. Evolutionary Ecology: Concepts and Case Studies. Oxford University Press.
Mayhew, P.J. 2006. Discovering Evolutionary Ecology: Bringing Together Ecology and Evolution. Oxford University Press.
Pianka, E.R. 2000. Evolutionary Ecology, 6th ed. Benjamin Cummings.
External links
Evolutionary Ecology Research – a journal in the field.
Methods in Ecology and Evolution – a journal in the field.
Ecology and Evolution – Wiley
Evolutionary Ecology – Springer
Evolutionary biology |
55116912 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1942%E2%80%9343%20Heart%20of%20Midlothian%20F.C.%20season | 1942–43 Heart of Midlothian F.C. season | During the 1942–43 season Hearts competed in the Southern League, the Summer Cup, the Southern League Cup and the East of Scotland Shield.
Fixtures
Friendlies
Rosebery Charity Cup
East of Scotland Shield
Southern League Cup
Summer Cup
Southern League
See also
List of Heart of Midlothian F.C. seasons
References
Statistical Record 42-43
External links
Official Club website
Heart of Midlothian F.C. seasons
Heart of Midlothian |
897678 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three%27s%20a%20Crowd | Three's a Crowd | Three's a Crowd (also known as Three's Company, Too in the Three's Company syndication package) is an American sitcom television series produced as a spin-off continuation of Three's Company that aired on ABC from September 25, 1984 (only one week after the final episode of Three's Company was broadcast) until April 9, 1985, with reruns airing until September 10, 1985. It is loosely based on the British sitcom Robin's Nest, which was itself a spin-off of Man About the House, upon which Three's Company was based.
Plot
In Three's Company's final episodes, Vicky Bradford (Mary Cadorette) is introduced as a love interest of Jack Tripper (John Ritter), beginning with the episode titled "Cupid Works Overtime." In the following two-part episode, "Friends and Lovers", Jack proposes marriage, but Vicky, afraid of marriage after witnessing her parents' tumultuous relationship and bitter divorce, declines the offer. Vicky instead convinces Jack to move in with her in the vacant apartment above his restaurant. Vicky's wealthy father James Bradford (Robert Mandan) buys the building from Jack's former boss, Frank Angelino. James does not approve of Jack and he constantly tries to disrupt his and Vicky's relationship.
Other characters include E.Z. Taylor (Alan Campbell), Jack's eccentric assistant at the bistro, and Claudia Bradford (Jessica Walter), Vicky's mother and James' ex-wife.
Cast
Main
John Ritter as Jack Tripper
Mary Cadorette as Victoria "Vicky" Bradford
Robert Mandan as James Bradford
Alan Campbell as E.Z. Taylor
Recurring
Jessica Walter as Claudia Bradford
Production history
Three's Company had been based on the sitcom Man About the House, which aired on ITV in the United Kingdom from 1973 to 1976. When the series concluded, producers Brian Cooke and Johnnie Mortimer devised two spin-offs. The first was George and Mildred, which ran from 1976 to 1979 and starred Brian Murphy and Yootha Joyce as their George and Mildred Roper characters. The second spin-off was Robin's Nest, which ran from 1977 to 1981 and featured Richard O'Sullivan as Robin Tripp (the basis of the Jack Tripper character), who runs the titular restaurant along with his live-in girlfriend and her antagonistic father.
Three's Company's producers were eager to capitalize on these spin-offs. In 1979, they had spun off The Ropers, based on George and Mildred, but the show ran for only one and a half seasons. Executive producers Ted Bergmann and Don Taffner attempted to adapt the Robin's Nest series, but without John Ritter. A pilot for a series called Byrd's Nest was written with the same premise as Robin's Nest, with a young man living with his older girlfriend and her disapproving father, who owns the building in which they live. The series was planned as a spin-off from Three's Company and possibly a vehicle for Richard Kline, but ABC passed on the idea. As Three's Company entered its eighth season in September 1983, ratings took a dive in the face of stiff competition from the new NBC series The A-Team, and ABC approved the development of a new series to be called Three's a Crowd, starring Ritter.
Development and casting of the new series occurred in secret as Three's Companys eighth season progressed. Ritter's cast members Richard Kline, Joyce DeWitt, Priscilla Barnes and Don Knotts were kept out of the loop. During a Christmas hiatus in late 1983, producers auditioned several female leads to play Jack's new love interest Vicky Bradford, and eventually decided upon Broadway actress Mary Cadorette. An embarrassing situation arose when DeWitt accidentally walked in on the auditions after visiting the studio to set up her dressing room at the end of the hiatus. Informed of the spin-off project and the looming cancellation of Three's Company, DeWitt was upset by the secrecy but soon reconciled with Ritter. She and Barnes found it difficult to tape the rest of the season, as both actresses learned that their characters would conclude with the series finale. Kline and Knotts were offered recurring roles on Three's a Crowd, but both declined the offer (Kline would make a guest appearance on the show in early 1985). Suzanne Somers reportedly lobbied to reprise her Three's Company character Chrissy Snow as Jack's love interest in the spin-off.
Transition
In transitioning from Three's Company to Three's a Crowd, series producers decided to follow the plot line of the British series. Season 8 of Three's Company drew to a close in a three-episode story arc. In the first of the three episodes, Janet meets wealthy art collector Phillip Dawson. In the second episode, she falls in love with him, while Jack meets and falls in love with stewardess Vicky Bradford. Her wealthy father, played by Robert Mandan, does not approve of the relationship. When first aired, the episode ended with the words "To be continued... next fall", and when rerun late in the summer, this was changed to "To be continued... next week." The last episode of Three's Company aired as an hour-long special that kicked off the 1984–85 fall television season and set up the premise for Three's a Crowd. In the finale, Janet marries Phillip, Terri moves to Hawaii, while Jack and Vicky profess their love for one another, but Vicky, the child of a bitter divorce, turns down Jack's marriage proposal. They instead move in together in an apartment above Jack's bistro. In the last scene, Jack and Vicky are spending their first romantic evening together in the new apartment, only to have Mr. Bradford accidentally barge in on them, explaining that he has bought the building. The title card for Three's Company then appears over the screen with the word "COMPANY" zooming out, being replaced with "A CROWD".
Three's a Crowd employed most of the same writers, producers, and staff from Three's Company, but the new show's style was changed. While the Jack Tripper character was the lead role in Three's Company, the show featured an ensemble cast of three with some other series regulars. However, the new show was centered around Jack. Vicky, her parents and E.Z. played supporting roles. The new show also employed more slapstick comedy for Ritter. The events and characters of the previous show were not mentioned, except in a late-season episode in which Larry Dallas appears.
Ratings and cancellation
Three's a Crowd garnered moderate ratings, having to compete with The A-Team on NBC. When the 1984–85 television season finished, the show placed 39th out of 77 shows with a 14.5/22 rating/share. This put the show on the fence with ABC, as it had enough of an audience to warrant renewal but its ratings paled in comparison to those of Three's Companys and The A-Team, which finished sixth for the season. The network would commit to only a half-season of 13 episodes to see how the series would place, and Ritter reportedly said that he would not return to the show unless a full season was ordered. Finally, ABC decided instead to pick up Diff'rent Strokes, which had just been canceled by NBC.
Episodes
Reruns
Daytime reruns aired on ABC from September 23, 1985 to January 3, 1986, followed by another prime-time run on USA Network. Some syndicated versions aired under the title Three's Company, Too, using the theme song of Three's Company.
Six episodes of the series were aired on TV Land in September 2006, and four episodes were aired on WGN America in October 2008. The series began airing on digital broadcast network Antenna TV in June 2011 (as Three's a Crowd with its "Side by Side" theme song). The series is offered streaming in the U.S. as of July 2021 on Pluto TV.
References
External links
Sitcoms Online: Three's a Crowd
1980s American sitcoms
1984 American television series debuts
1985 American television series endings
American Broadcasting Company original programming
American television series based on British television series
American television spin-offs
English-language television shows
Television series set in restaurants
Television shows set in Los Angeles
Three's Company |
30248097 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St.%20Augustine%27s%20Church%20%28Bronx%29 | St. Augustine's Church (Bronx) | The Church of St. Augustine was a Roman Catholic parish church under the authority of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York. It was located at 1183 Franklin Avenue between East 167th Street and East 168th Street in the Morrisania neighborhood of the Bronx, New York City. The church was closed in 2011 and demolished in 2013.
Buildings
The church was built in 1894 to the designs of architect Louis H. Giele with Baroque Revival and Renaissance Revival design elements. It was dedicated in 1895 by the Archbishop of New York. The parochial school nearby was completed in 1904. The AIA Guide to New York City (2010) described the church's architecture as: "Renaissance and Baroque elements combine in this somber but imposing facade. The parish school across the street to the north is distinguished by glazed blue and white terra-cotta sculpture set into the tympanum of its Classical pediment." Plans were filed by owner the Augustine Society of Tompkinsville, Staten Island, in April 1906 for a site on the southeast of Andrew Avenue, 200 feet south of Fordham Road. The structure would be a two-storey brick school, 54x100 feet, to the designs by architect J. O'Connor for $50,000.
The church developed leaks and was deemed unsafe in the summer of 2009, with worship services continuing in the auditorium of St. Augustine's Parochial School. Funds from the school had been helping pay the church building's upkeep. The Rev. Thomas Fenlon, pastor of the church, sought a developer to demolish St. Augustine's Church and build affordable housing on the site, constructing a new smaller church next door. In late 2013, the church, rectory and convent were demolished.
Parish history
The parish was canonically established in 1849 as the Bronx began attracting German and Irish residents. The first mass was held in a private residence on Boston Road. The Morrisania site for the present church on the northeast corner of Franklin Avenue and Jefferson Street was purchased in 1850 with a small wooden church immediately being erected. This in turn was replaced in 1858 by one of brick construction and dedicated by Archbishop John Hughes. In 1892, the parish address was at 867 Jefferson Street. That structure was destroyed in 1894 during a fire and the present structure was dedicated in 1895.
As the Bronx grew in the early 20th century, Irish, German, and Italian immigrants swelled the congregation. To serve this enlarged parish, a parochial school (see below) was established in 1906.
Ongoing construction with the parish school and significant debt accumulated towards the management of the church necessitated the parish to establish the Diamond Jubilee Campaign, which proved inadequate "to cope with the poor structural condition of the church" during the 1930s and 1940s. The post-World War II white flight from Morrisania and the South Bronx in general and the community's replacement with many African Americans from Harlem led to the congregation dwindling and becoming overwhelmingly African American by the late 1950s. By the late 1960s, the parish was reduced by a third again as drug-related issues affected the neighborhood.
Outreach
St. Augustine's held weekly masses in three languages. It sponsored many community programs, including a food pantry, a men's society, Alcoholics Anonymous, and youth dances. By the early 1970s, parish leaders, including the Rev. Robert Jeffers, began to strategize on how to improve the community. During that decade, a group of Franciscans began administering specifically "to children, elderly, and anyone else in need." St. Augustine's School of the Arts was established in 1979 to provide neighborhood youth an arts-based curriculum. The church also established the Alpha Housing Coalition to provide assistance to neighborhood tenants and residents. Since the mid-1980s, the church was a member of the SHARE (Self-Help and Resource Exchange) Program, providing families with food packages in exchange for community service. The church was a founding member in the 1987 establishment of South Bronx Churches (SBC), an organization providing area residents with housing and other services. As of December 2010, Sister Dorothy Hall ran the food pantry.
St. Augustine's School
St. Augustine's School is located at 1176 Franklin Avenue on the east side between East 167th Street and East 168th Street. According to the AIA Guide to New York City, the structure was completed in 1904. However, a New York Times article indicates the building permit was only filed in 1906, which would agree with the school's own history of its founding. (Alternatively, different buildings might be in question.) The parish history dates the parochial school's establishment to 1906. The original building was designed for 1,200 students but a new schoolhouse was constructed on Fulton Avenue in 1913 to accommodate greater numbers.
It was reported in December 2010, that St. Augustine School was "one of six Bronx parochial schools facing closure by the New York Archdiocese because of dwindling enrollment and mounting deficits." The school was also serving as the place of worship since the church building was deemed unsafe. "St. Augustine enrolled only 170 students this fall, down from 252 in 2008, with [school board member Michael] Brady blaming the bad economy and a tuition hike ordered by the Archdiocese. The school's families earn just an average of $16,000 per year, he said, but 100% of its students graduate on time and 98% go to college....The school is 10% Muslim." Efforts to keep the school open included teachers agreeing to cut their salaries by 10% and the school launching a registration drive, which enrolled "45 new students in less than two weeks." Tuition was 3% of their annual family income. Archbishop Timothy Dolan visited the church in August 2010, and the school was among 27 whose closure he announced on 11 January 2011.
References
External links
Fordham University, St. Augustine's Roman Catholic Church History PDF
Bronx Catholic Blog with Photos of All Buildings
1849 establishments in New York (state)
19th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in the United States
Baroque Revival architecture in New York City
Roman Catholic churches in the Bronx
Demolished churches in New York City
Demolished buildings and structures in the Bronx
Religious organizations established in 1849
Renaissance Revival architecture in New York City
Roman Catholic churches completed in 1894
Roman Catholic churches completed in 1904
Private middle schools in the Bronx
Catholic elementary schools in the Bronx
Morrisania, Bronx
Buildings and structures demolished in 2013 |
63148088 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002%20Pakistani%20provincial%20elections | 2002 Pakistani provincial elections | The 2002 Pakistani provincial elections may refer to:
2002 Balochistan provincial election
2002 North-West Frontier Province provincial election
2002 Punjab provincial election
2002 Sindh provincial election
2002 elections in Pakistan
Provincial elections in Pakistan |
4215192 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s%20Guglielminpietro | Andrés Guglielminpietro | Andrés Guglielminpietro (born 10 April 1974 in San Nicolas, Buenos Aires province), nicknamed Guly, is an Argentine football coach, agent and former player.
A midfielder, he has been capped for the Argentina national football team, and represented his country at the 1999 Copa América.
Club career
Guglielminpietro's club career reached its peak at the Italian club A.C. Milan, where he shared the limelight with some of the game's most notable stars, such as Paolo Maldini, Demetrio Albertini, Roberto Donadoni, Alessandro Costacurta, Leonardo, George Weah and Oliver Bierhoff. On the final matchday of the season, Guly scored the opening goal in a 2–1 away win against Perugia that won Milan the 1998–99 Scudetto. His play declined during the following seasons due to injuries, and he was transferred to different clubs around the globe, never recovering his top ability. His first port of call after leaving Milan was at rivals Internazionale whom he joined in 2001. He scored his first and what turned out to be his only goal for the club in a UEFA Cup tie against FC Brașov on 27 September 2001.
In 2004, he won the Copa Sudamericana with Boca Juniors. After a short spell back in his youth club Gimnasia in 2005, he retired.
International career
At the international level, Guly was capped 6 times for Argentina, although he was unable to score a goal. He was a remember of Argentina's 1999 Copa América squad that reached the quarter-finals of the tournament, losing out to eventual champions and South-American rivals Brazil.
Style of play
Although he lacked pace as a winger, Guly was known, however, for his accurate crossing ability from the flank. Although he usually played as a wide midfielder, he was also capable of playing as an outside forward.
Coaching career
In June 2007, Guly was added to the coaching staff of cross-town rivals Estudiantes de La Plata, under coach Diego Simeone, with a third former Argentine international, Nelson Vivas, as assistant coach. Diego Simeone left Estudiantes de La Plata in December 2007 claiming a supposed lack of the club's commitment to sign appropriate reinforcements for the 2008 Clausura and Copa Libertadores. Guly also took up the same position with the same coaching staff at River Plate in 2008 and San Lorenzo in April 2009, where he also was the manager of the club's reserve team. Simeone and his staff, including Guly, resigned in April 2010. In June 2013, he was the assistant manager of Nelson Vivas, who Guly formerly had worked together with in the coaching staff of Diego Simeone.
On 27 February 2014, Guly was appointed manager for first time, replacing Fernando Quiroz at Douglas Haig. Guly decided to resign on 21 July 2015. On 27 November 2015, he was appointed manager for newly relegated Primera B Nacional club Nueva Chicago. On April 3, 2016 after a 2-1 defeat against Guillermo Brown he decided to resign, leaving the team in fourteenth place, after just ten games with a total of 3 wins, 3 draws and 4 defeats. Later in April 2015, he was appointed manager of Central Córdoba. He left the position already two months later.
On 15 March 2017, he returned to Douglas Haig.
Post-playing career
In 2017, Guglielminpietro started working as a football agent, together with the former business team of Jorge Cyterszpiler, Diego Maradona's first agent.
Honours
Club
Milan
Serie A: 1998–99
Boca Juniors
Copa Sudamericana: 2004
References
External links
Internazionale profile
VoetbalInternational statistics
1974 births
Living people
Argentine footballers
Argentine football managers
Argentine people of Italian descent
Club de Gimnasia y Esgrima La Plata footballers
A.C. Milan players
Inter Milan players
Bologna F.C. 1909 players
Boca Juniors footballers
Al-Nasr SC (Dubai) players
Argentine Primera División players
Serie A players
Association football midfielders
People from San Nicolás de los Arroyos
Argentina international footballers
1999 Copa América players
Argentine expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Italy
Expatriate footballers in the United Arab Emirates
Argentine expatriate sportspeople in Italy
Argentine expatriate sportspeople in the United Arab Emirates
UAE Pro League players
Nueva Chicago managers
Central Córdoba de Rosario managers
Primera B Nacional managers |
26657942 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protoparevania | Protoparevania | Protoparevania is an extinct genus of Evaniidae from the Cretaceous.
References
Paleo Bugs: Survival of the Creepiest by Timothy J. Bradley
Evanioidea
Prehistoric Hymenoptera genera
Cretaceous insects
Prehistoric insects of Asia
Fossil taxa described in 2004 |
19963391 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest%20Iowa%20Community%20College | Northwest Iowa Community College | Northwest Iowa Community College (NCC) is a public community college in Sheldon, Iowa. It opened in 1966 and is accredited by the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools. The college is located on a 269-acre campus one mile west of Sheldon. Northwest Iowa Community College offers both vocational technical programs and arts and sciences transfer courses—43 programs in all.
2013 enrollment in credit programs was 1,628. Additionally, NCC's noncredit enrollment annually exceeds 28,000 in career supplemental, preparatory continuing, and high school completion, which includes both GED and high school diploma.
Reference list
External links
Official website
Educational institutions established in 1966
Community colleges in Iowa
Education in O'Brien County, Iowa
1966 establishments in Iowa
Sheldon, Iowa |
61936425 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Disputation%20on%20the%20Trinity | The Disputation on the Trinity | The Disputation on the Trinity is a c.1517 oil on canvas painting by Andrea del Sarto, now in the Galleria Palatina in Florence.
At the top of the painting is a vision of the Holy Trinity. Seated in the foreground are Saint Sebastian and Mary Magdalene, the latter modelled on the artist's wife Lucrezia del Fede. Behind them stand four male saints, from left to right Augustine of Hippo (with his bishop's staff), Saint Lawrence (with the gridiron of his martyrdom), Peter Martyr (holding a book, wearing a Dominican habit and with a sword in his head) and Francis of Assisi (in his order's habit and bearing the stigmata).
History
Some art historians argue the work was commissioned by the Peri family due to its inclusion of saints linked to that family. It was the third painting Sarto produced for the Augustinian Church of San Gallo in Florence - the others were the San Gallo Annunciation and a Noli me tangere. All the monastery's goods were moved to the church of San Jacopo tra Fossi for safety in 1529 just before the Siege of Florence. That church was destroyed soon afterwards.
The date painted on the step is a later addition, but Vasari's Lives of the Artists records it was produced after the Madonna of the Harpies (1517) - this dating is generally accepted by comparison with other works from that time. Bocchi's account of the painting states it was damaged in the 1557 flood, but no trace of such damage was found in a 1985 restoration. The work is included in a 17th century inventory of the Galleria Palatina, spending some time at the Uffizi (1697-1716) before returning decisively to the Galleria Palatina in 1829, where it was hung in the Sala di Saturno.
References
Paintings in the collection of the Galleria Palatina
Paintings by Andrea del Sarto
1517 paintings
Paintings of Augustine of Hippo
Paintings of Francis of Assisi
Paintings of Saint Lawrence
Paintings depicting Mary Magdalene
Paintings of Peter of Verona
Paintings of Saint Sebastian
Paintings depicting the Holy Trinity |
57245334 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysobothris%20prasina | Chrysobothris prasina | Chrysobothris prasina is a species of metallic wood-boring beetle in the family Buprestidae. It is found in North America.
References
Further reading
Buprestidae
Articles created by Qbugbot
Beetles described in 1886 |
14121372 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaspard%20Adolphe%20Chatin | Gaspard Adolphe Chatin | Gaspard Adolphe Chatin (30 November 1813 – 13 January 1901) was a French physician, mycologist and botanist who was born in Isère, and died in Les Essarts-le-Roi. He was the first to prove that goiter was related of iodine deficiencies.
He studied at the Faculté de Médecine in Paris and received his doctorate in May 1840. In 1841, he became Chief Pharmacist of the Beaujon Hospital in Paris. and in 1859, at the Hôtel-Dieu de Paris. He taught botany at the Ecole Superieure de Pharmacie, which he directed from 1874. In April 1886, there were student riots at the school, and his dismissal was demanded. He retired in August 1886 with the title of honorary director.
He was a member of the Académie Nationale de Médecine (1853) and the Académie des Sciences (1874). He was a member of the Société Botanique de France, which he led in 1862, 1878, 1886 and 1896. In 1878, he became an Officer of the Legion d'honneur.
His son was the botanist and zoologist Joannes Charles Melchior Chatin (1847–1912).
References
French botanists
Members of the French Academy of Sciences
Officiers of the Légion d'honneur
1813 births
1901 deaths |
22541649 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levy%20Solomons | Levy Solomons | Lucius Levy Solomons (born 1730 in England – died May 18, 1792 at Montreal) was a Jewish Canadian merchant and fur trader.
References
1730 births
1792 deaths
Canadian Jews
Canadian fur traders
English emigrants to pre-Confederation Quebec
English Jews
Pre-Confederation Canadian businesspeople
People of pre-Confederation Canada
Immigrants to New France |
25520121 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronel%20Pacheco | Coronel Pacheco | Coronel Pacheco is a municipality in the state of Minas Gerais in the Southeast region of Brazil.
See also
List of municipalities in Minas Gerais
References
Municipalities in Minas Gerais |
18396940 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emeril%20Green | Emeril Green | Emeril Green is a program on Planet Green hosted by Emeril Lagasse.
The series is set in Whole Foods Market, where Chef Lagasse and the store's team help average people shop for the freshest ingredients while explaining the benefits of organic, locally grown and seasonal produce. After shopping for ingredients, Chef Lagasse prepares a meal with each individual that demonstrates the ease of using organic and locally grown foods in everyday meals. In a few episodes, Emeril consults health experts to tackle the challenge of using fresh ingredients in recipes that are designed to address specific dietary needs such as diabetes and weight management.
Emeril Green is produced for Planet Green by Karen Katz, longtime executive producer of Emeril Live with her production company, After Five Productions. Emeril Green is produced in association with Discovery Studios. Christine Weber is executive producer for Discovery Studios. Howard Lee is vice president of production and Lisa Caruso is executive producer for Planet Green.
References
Emeril Lagasse Planning Green Reality Series for Planet Green Broadcasting & Cable, 2/28/2008
BAM! Emeril Lagasse Unearths Fresh Ingredients on Planet Green Treehugger, 2/28/2008
External links
Emeril Green, official site
2000s American cooking television series
2010s American cooking television series
2008 American television series debuts
Destination America original programming |
28492664 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Stone%20Gate | The Stone Gate | The Stone Gate (Kamenita vrata) is a 1992 Croatian film directed by Ante Babaja, starring Ivica Kunčević and Vedrana Međimorec.
Plot
Branko Boras, a physician (Ivica Kunčević), is writing a book about the afterlife. Alienated from the world, with a failed marriage behind him, he meets Ana (Vedrana Međimorec), a somewhat mysterious woman who is a wife of a nouveau riche (Kruno Šarić). In her, Boras recognizes a soulmate, and they become close. His health is however, seriously failing, and reality and imagination begin to mix on his journey to the beyond...
Sources
External links
1992 films
Croatian films
Croatian-language films
Films directed by Ante Babaja
Croatian drama films
Films set in Zagreb
1992 drama films |
66989053 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl%20Kaal | Karl Kaal | Karl Kaal (30 September 1883 Võisiku Parish, Viljandi County – 24 April 1942) was an Estonian politician. He was a member of III Riigikogu. He was a member of the Riigikogu since 23 January 1928. He replaced Johannes-Rudolf Norman.
References
1883 births
1942 deaths
Members of the Riigikogu, 1926–1929 |
56934289 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximus%20of%20Cahors | Maximus of Cahors | Maximus of Cahors was a 6th-century bishop of Cahors, France.
He is known only as an attendee at the Fifth Council of Orléans in 549.
References
Date of birth unknown
Date of death unknown
6th-century Frankish bishops |
66468026 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haydaroba%2C%20Yenice | Haydaroba, Yenice | Haydaroba is a village in the Yenice district of Çanakkale Province in Turkey.
References
Villages in Yenice District |
27661589 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population%20reduction | Population reduction | The term population reduction may refer to:
Population decline or depopulation, reductions in human population levels for reasons such as low birth rate, emigration, disease or war
a euphemism for genocide, sometimes used by perpetrators of genocide to disguise their actions
Population control, artificially maintaining the size of any population
Culling, deliberate reductions in animal or plant population levels, by human action
the phase preceding the extinction of a species |
35333489 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saaya%20%281989%20film%29 | Saaya (1989 film) | Saaya is a 1989 Indian Hindi-language film directed by Keshu Ramsay and produced by Naval Kumar. It stars Shatrughan Sinha, Poonam Dhillon and music by Bappi Lahiri.
Cast
Shatrughan Sinha ... Ravi
Poonam Dhillon ... Supriya
Danny Denzongpa ... Rakesh
Pinchoo Kapoor ... Supriya's Father
Viju Khote ... Traffic Police
Beena Banerjee ... Beena
Songs
External links
1980s Hindi-language films
Hindi-language films
1989 films
Films scored by Bappi Lahiri
Indian films |
717543 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crest%20%28toothpaste%29 | Crest (toothpaste) | Crest is an American brand of toothpaste and other oral hygiene products made by American multinational Procter & Gamble (P&G) and sold worldwide. In many countries in Europe, such as Germany, Bulgaria, Serbia, Ukraine, Belarus, Russia, Poland, Hungary, Latvia, Romania, Estonia and Lithuania, it is sold as Blend-A-Med, the name of an established German toothpaste acquired by P&G in 1987 (formerly Blendax GmbH). In France, Italy, Israel, Sweden, Finland, Argentina, Belgium, the Netherlands, Brazil, the United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland, Australia, Nigeria, Greece, Uruguay and Colombia, P&G markets similar toothpaste formulations under the Oral-B brand.
History
Crest was introduced in the United States as "Fluoristan" in 1954, as it contained stannous fluoride. In 1955, the name of the product was changed to "Crest with Fluoristan." The composition of the toothpaste had been developed by Joseph C. Muhler, Harry Day, and William H. Nebergall at Indiana University, and was patented by Nebergall. Procter & Gamble paid royalties from use of the patent and thus financed a new dental research institute at this university ("The House that Crest built"). The active ingredient of Crest was changed in 1981 to sodium monofluorophosphate, or "Fluoristat". Today, Crest toothpastes use sodium fluoride, or "Dentifrice with Fluoristat"; Crest Pro-Health uses stannous fluoride again and an abrasive whitener together called "Polyfluorite". Crest is accepted by the American Dental Association (ADA), as well as by equivalent dental associations in other countries.
One notable ad campaign from the brand was in the late 1970s and early 1980s, written and produced by Gregory Sinnott and designed by comic book artist Herb Trimpe, where animated ads featured the "Cavity Creeps", a group of grey-colored, rocky humanoid creatures bent on destroying the city of "Toothopolis" (essentially an island city protected by an enormous wall of teeth), with their signature battle cry "We Make, Holes In Teeth!" They were defeated time and again by the "Crest Team", a group of people dressed in Crest-themed jumpsuits, who wielded giant toothbrushes and tubes of Crest to not only ward off the Cavity Creeps but to protect the wall as well. The team would encourage kids at the end of each commercial to "watch treats and see your dentist" so they could fight cavities "like the Crest Team". From 2004 to 2010, Crest sold dental floss under the Crest Glide brand, which is now called Oral-B Glide. The original Crest logo was designed by Donald Deskey. In 2014, Crest Fresh and White were introduced as a replacement for the discontinued Gleem brand.
Manufacturing plants
Crest products are made in North America according to Procter & Gamble. Their main manufacturing plant is located in Greensboro, NC. A few products are manufactured in Guanajuato, Mexico.
Product line
Crest has also been associated with about twenty brands of dental care products, including toothpaste, toothbrushes, mouthwash, dental floss, and a tooth-whitening product called Crest Whitestrips.
Crest Toothpaste has a total of eight product lines:
Gum Health
3D White
Kid's Crest
Pro-Health
Sensitivity
Enamel
Clean + Fresh
Future-Proof
Crest Pro-Health mouthwash side effects
Tooth staining
Crest Pro-Health mouthwash contains Cetylpyridinium chloride which is known to cause tooth staining in approximately 3 percent of users. Crest has noted that this staining is actually an indication that the product is working as intended, as the stains are a result of bacteria dying on the teeth. Crest stated that because of the low incidence of staining, there was no need to label Pro-Health mouthwash as a potential tooth stainer. However, after numerous complaints and a federal class-action lawsuit, which was later dismissed, the mouthwash now contains a label warning consumers of its potential to stain teeth.
Reducing premature birth
The use of Crest Pro-Health mouthwash during pregnancy has been shown to be associated with a decrease in preterm births, presumably because the mouthwash reduces the severity of periodontal disease, which is directly linked to preterm births.
Timeline
1955, Crest with Fluoristan was launched in a number of test markets in the United States.
In January 1956, Crest was launched nationally.
In 1960, the American Dental Association issued a report confirming that toothpaste is effective in preventing tooth decay.
In 1976, the American Chemical Society names Crest with fluoride one of the greatest discoveries in the past 100 years.
See also
Crest Whitestrips
List of toothpaste brands
Index of oral health and dental articles
References
External links
Product details and history of Crest toothpaste—from its manufacturer, Procter & Gamble, via the Wayback Machine
Birth of an Icon: CREST —P&G's current history page
Crest brand website
Brands of toothpaste
Procter & Gamble brands
Products introduced in 1955 |
Subsets and Splits