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--- |
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license: apple-amlr |
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license_name: apple-ascl |
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license_link: https://github.com/apple/ml-fastvlm/blob/main/LICENSE_MODEL |
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library_name: ml-fastvlm |
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tags: |
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- transformers |
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--- |
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# FastVLM: Efficient Vision Encoding for Vision Language Models |
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FastVLM was introduced in |
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**[FastVLM: Efficient Vision Encoding for Vision Language Models](https://www.arxiv.org/abs/2412.13303). (CVPR 2025)** |
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[//]: # () |
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<p align="center"> |
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<img src="acc_vs_latency_qwen-2.png" alt="Accuracy vs latency figure." width="400"/> |
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</p> |
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### Highlights |
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* We introduce FastViTHD, a novel hybrid vision encoder designed to output fewer tokens and significantly reduce encoding time for high-resolution images. |
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* Our smallest variant outperforms LLaVA-OneVision-0.5B with 85x faster Time-to-First-Token (TTFT) and 3.4x smaller vision encoder. |
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* Our larger variants using Qwen2-7B LLM outperform recent works like Cambrian-1-8B while using a single image encoder with a 7.9x faster TTFT. |
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### Evaluations |
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| Benchmark | FastVLM-0.5B | FastVLM-1.5B | FastVLM-7B | |
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|:--------------|:------------:|:------------:|:----------:| |
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| Ai2D | 68.0 | 77.4 | 83.6 | |
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| ScienceQA | 85.2 | 94.4 | 96.7 | |
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| MMMU | 33.9 | 37.8 | 45.4 | |
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| VQAv2 | 76.3 | 79.1 | 80.8 | |
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| ChartQA | 76.0 | 80.1 | 85.0 | |
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| TextVQA | 64.5 | 70.4 | 74.9 | |
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| InfoVQA | 46.4 | 59.7 | 75.8 | |
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| DocVQA | 82.5 | 88.3 | 93.2 | |
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| OCRBench | 63.9 | 70.2 | 73.1 | |
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| RealWorldQA | 56.1 | 61.2 | 67.2 | |
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| SeedBench-Img | 71.0 | 74.2 | 75.4 | |
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### Usage Example |
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To run inference of PyTorch checkpoint, follow the instruction in the official repo: |
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Download the model |
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``` |
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huggingface-cli download apple/FastVLM-1.5B |
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``` |
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Run inference using `predict.py` from the official repo. |
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```bash |
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python predict.py --model-path /path/to/checkpoint-dir \ |
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--image-file /path/to/image.png \ |
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--prompt "Describe the image." |
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``` |
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### Run inference with Transformers (Remote Code) |
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To run inference with transformers we can leverage `trust_remote_code` along with the following snippet: |
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```python |
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import torch |
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from PIL import Image |
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from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModelForCausalLM |
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MID = "apple/FastVLM-1.5B" |
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IMAGE_TOKEN_INDEX = -200 # what the model code looks for |
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# Load |
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tok = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(MID, trust_remote_code=True) |
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model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained( |
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MID, |
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torch_dtype=torch.float16 if torch.cuda.is_available() else torch.float32, |
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device_map="auto", |
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trust_remote_code=True, |
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) |
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# Build chat -> render to string (not tokens) so we can place <image> exactly |
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messages = [ |
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{"role": "user", "content": "<image>\nDescribe this image in detail."} |
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] |
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rendered = tok.apply_chat_template( |
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messages, add_generation_prompt=True, tokenize=False |
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) |
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pre, post = rendered.split("<image>", 1) |
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# Tokenize the text *around* the image token (no extra specials!) |
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pre_ids = tok(pre, return_tensors="pt", add_special_tokens=False).input_ids |
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post_ids = tok(post, return_tensors="pt", add_special_tokens=False).input_ids |
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# Splice in the IMAGE token id (-200) at the placeholder position |
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img_tok = torch.tensor([[IMAGE_TOKEN_INDEX]], dtype=pre_ids.dtype) |
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input_ids = torch.cat([pre_ids, img_tok, post_ids], dim=1).to(model.device) |
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attention_mask = torch.ones_like(input_ids, device=model.device) |
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# Preprocess image via the model's own processor |
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img = Image.open("test-2.jpg").convert("RGB") |
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px = model.get_vision_tower().image_processor(images=img, return_tensors="pt")["pixel_values"] |
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px = px.to(model.device, dtype=model.dtype) |
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# Generate |
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with torch.no_grad(): |
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out = model.generate( |
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inputs=input_ids, |
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attention_mask=attention_mask, |
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images=px, |
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max_new_tokens=128, |
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) |
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print(tok.decode(out[0], skip_special_tokens=True)) |
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``` |
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## Citation |
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If you found this model useful, please cite the following paper: |
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``` |
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@InProceedings{fastvlm2025, |
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author = {Pavan Kumar Anasosalu Vasu, Fartash Faghri, Chun-Liang Li, Cem Koc, Nate True, Albert Antony, Gokul Santhanam, James Gabriel, Peter Grasch, Oncel Tuzel, Hadi Pouransari}, |
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title = {FastVLM: Efficient Vision Encoding for Vision Language Models}, |
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booktitle = {Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)}, |
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month = {June}, |
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year = {2025}, |
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} |
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``` |
