README.md

---
annotations_creators:
- expert-generated
license: cc-by-sa-4.0
task_categories:
- translation
- token-classification
language:
- egy
- de
multilinguality:
- multilingual
pretty_name: Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae, Demotic sentences, corpus v18, premium
size_categories:
- 10K<n<100K
dataset_info:
  features:
  - name: transliteration
    dtype: string
  - name: lemmatization
    dtype: string
  - name: UPOS
    dtype: string
  - name: glossing
    dtype: string
  - name: translation
    dtype: string
  - name: dateNotBefore
    dtype: string
  - name: dateNotAfter
    dtype: string
  - name: authors
    dtype: string
splits:
  - name: train
    num_examples: 13383
---
# Dataset Card for Dataset _tla-demotic-v18-premium_

<!-- Provide a quick summary of the dataset. -->
This data set contains demotic sentences in `transliteration`, with `lemmatization`, with POS `glossing` and with a German `translation`. 
The data comes from the database of the [Thesaurus Linguae Agegyptiae](https://thesaurus-linguae-aegyptiae.de), corpus version 18, and contains only fully intact, 
unambiguously readable sentences (13,383 of 31,156 sentences), adjusted for philological and editorial markup.

## Dataset Details

### Dataset Description

<!-- Provide a longer summary of what this dataset is. -->

- **Homepage:** https://thesaurus-linguae-aegyptiae.de.
- **Curated by:**
German Academies’ project “Strukturen und Transformationen des Wortschatzes der ägyptischen Sprache. Text- und Wissenskultur im alten Ägypten”,
Executive Editor: [Daniel A. Werning](https://www.bbaw.de/die-akademie/mitarbeiterinnen-mitarbeiter/werning-daniel).
- **Funded by:**
The Academies’ project “Strukturen und Transformationen des Wortschatzes der ägyptischen Sprache. Text- und Wissenskultur im alten Ägypten” of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities and the Saxon Academy of Sciences and Humanities in Leipzig is co-financed by the German federal government and the federal states Berlin and Saxony.
The Saxon Academy of Sciences and Humanities in Leipzig is co-financed by the Saxon State government out of the State budget approved by the Saxon State Parliament.
- **Language(s) (NLP):** egy-Egyd, de-DE.
- **License:** [CC BY-SA 4.0 Int.](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); for required attribution, see citation recommendations below.
- **Point of Contact:** [Daniel A. Werning](https://www.bbaw.de/die-akademie/mitarbeiterinnen-mitarbeiter/werning-daniel)

## Uses

<!-- Address questions around how the dataset is intended to be used. -->

### Direct Use

<!-- This section describes suitable use cases for the dataset. -->

This data set may be used
- to create lemmatizers Demotic transliteration => [TLA lemma ID](https://thesaurus-linguae-aegyptiae.de/info/lemma-lists),
- to train translation models Demotic transliteration => German.

### Out-of-Scope Use

<!-- This section addresses misuse, malicious use, and uses that the dataset will not work well for. -->

This data set of selected intact sentences is not suitable for reconstructing entire ancient source texts. 

## Dataset

## Dataset Structure

<!-- This section provides a description of the dataset fields, and additional information about the dataset structure such as criteria used to create the splits, relationships between data points, etc. -->

The dataset is not divided. Please create your own random splits.

The dataset comes as a _JSON lines_ file.

### Data Fields

#### plain_text
- `transliteration`: a `string`, Demotic transliteration, following the [_Leiden Unified Transliteration_](https://www.iae-egyptology.org/the-leiden-unified-transliteration), individual sentence elements separated by space.
- `UPOS`: a `string`, Part of Speech according to [Universal POS tag set](https://universaldependencies.org/u/pos/).
- `lemmatization`: a `string`, individual [TLA Lemma IDs](https://thesaurus-linguae-aegyptiae.de/info/lemma-lists)+"`|`"+lemma transliteration, separated by space.
- `glossing`: a `string`, individual glosses of lemmas (not of inflected forms), separated by space (for information, see the comments below).
- `translation`:  a `string`, German translation.
- `dateNotBefore`, `dateNotAfter`: two `strings` containing an integer or empty, _terminus ante quem non_ and _terminus post quem non_ for the text witness.
- `authors`: a `string`, main authors and further contributors to the sentence data set, individual items separated by `;`.

### Data instances

Example of an dataset instance:
```
{
  "transliteration": "ꞽy ꞽh pr =k",
  "lemmatization": "d338|ꞽy d4158|ḥr d1985|pr d6496|=k",
  "UPOS": "VERB ADP NOUN PRON",
  "glossing": "V PREP N.m -2sg.m",
  "translation": "Komm in dein Haus!",
  "dateNotBefore": "-75",
  "dateNotAfter": "-51",
  "authors": "Günter Vittmann;AV Altägyptisches Wörterbuch, AV Wortschatz der ägyptischen Sprache"
}
```

## Dataset Creation

### Curation Rationale

<!-- Motivation for the creation of this dataset. -->

ML projects have requested raw data from the TLA. 
At the same time, the raw data is riddled with philological markers that make it difficult for non-Egyptological users. 
This is a strictly filtered data set that only contains intact, unquestionable, fully lemmatized sentences. 

### Source Data

<!-- This section describes the source data (e.g. news text and headlines, social media posts, translated sentences, ...). -->

For the corpus of Demotic texts in the _TLA_, browse [Demotische Textdatenbank](https://thesaurus-linguae-aegyptiae.de/object/6WFOSXHVQRGGNAG5FCM6QEXWR4) 
and see the information on the [TLA text corpus](https://thesaurus-linguae-aegyptiae.de/info/text-corpus), 
notably the [PDF overview](https://nubes.bbaw.de/s/xD7MYJrmE8xNBNt).

#### Data Collection and Processing

<!-- This section describes the data collection and processing process such as data selection criteria, filtering and normalization methods, tools and libraries used, etc. -->

This dataset contains all demotic sentences of the TLA corpus v18 (2023) that 
- show no destruction,
- have no questionable readings,
- are fully lemmatized,
- have a German translation.

#### Who are the source data producers?

AV [Altägyptisches Wörterbuch](https://www.bbaw.de/forschung/altaegyptisches-woerterbuch),
AV [Wortschatz der ägyptischen Sprache](https://www.bbaw.de/en/research/vocabulary-of-the-egyptian-language);
R. Dominik Blöse,
Friedhelm Hoffmann,
Jakob Höper,
Joachim Friedrich Quack,
Marcel Moser,
Simon D. Schweitzer,
Martin Stadler,
**Günter Vittmann**,
Daniel A. Werning.

### Annotations

<!-- If the dataset contains annotations which are not part of the initial data collection, use this section to describe them. -->

#### Annotation process

<!-- This section describes the annotation process such as annotation tools used in the process, the amount of data annotated, annotation guidelines provided to the annotators, interannotator statistics, annotation validation, etc. -->

The transliteration sometimes contains round brackets (`( )`), 
which mark phonemes added by the editor without the addition being regarded as an incorrect omission. 
For model training, the brackets, but not their content, may optionally be removed. 

#### Who are the annotators?

<!-- This section describes the people or systems who created the annotations. -->

Joachim Friedrich Quack (transliterations, lemmatizations, translations, dating),
Marcel Moser (transliterations, lemmatizations, translations, dating),
Simon D. Schweitzer (lemma list data, lemma POS, metadata/data curation),
Martin Stadler (transliteration, lemmatizations, translation, dating),
**Günter Vittmann** (transliterations, lemmatizations, translations, lemma list data, lemma POS, dating).
Daniel A. Werning (UPOS matching, glossing computation).

#### Personal and Sensitive Information

<!-- State whether the dataset contains data that might be considered personal, sensitive, or private (e.g., data that reveals addresses, uniquely identifiable names or aliases, racial or ethnic origins, sexual orientations, religious beliefs, political opinions, financial or health data, etc.). If efforts were made to anonymize the data, describe the anonymization process. -->

No personal, sensitive, or private data.

## Bias, Risks, and Limitations

<!-- This section is meant to convey both technical and sociotechnical limitations. -->

<!-- This section is meant to convey recommendations with respect to the bias, risk, and technical limitations. -->

This is not a carefully balanced data set.

Note that the lemmatization is done via lemma IDs, since the lemma transliteration contains many consonantal homonyms due to the largely vowel-less nature of Demotic writing. 

<!-- Users should be made aware of the risks, biases and limitations of the dataset. More information needed for further recommendations. -->

## Citation of this dataset

<!-- If there is a paper or blog post introducing the dataset, the APA and Bibtex information for that should go in this section. -->

Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae, Demotic sentences, corpus v18, premium <https://huggingface.co/datasets/thesaurus-linguae-aegyptiae/tla-demotic-v18-premium>, 
v1.1, 2/16/2024 
ed. by Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning on behalf of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils on behalf of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig. 

**BibTeX:**

```
@misc{tlaDemoticV18premium,
 editor = {{Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften} and {Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig} and Richter, Tonio Sebastian and Werning, Daniel A. and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert and Peter Dils},
 year = {2024},
 title = {Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae, Demotic sentences, corpus v18, premium},
 url = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/thesaurus-linguae-aegyptiae/tla-demotic-v18-premium},
 location = {Berlin},
 organization = {{Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften} and {Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig}},
}
```

**RIS:**

```
TY  - DATA
T1  - Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae, Demotic sentences, corpus v18, premium
PY  - 2024
Y1  - 2024
CY  - Berlin
ED  - Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften
ED  - Richter, Tonio Sebastian
ED  - Werning, Daniel A.
ED  - Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig
ED  - Fischer-Elfert, Hans-Werner
ED  - Dils, Peter
IN  - Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften
IN  - Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig
UR  - https://huggingface.co/datasets/thesaurus-linguae-aegyptiae/tla-demotic-v18-premium
DB  - Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae
DP  - Akademienvorhaben "Strukturen und Transformationen des Wortschatzes der ägyptischen Sprache", Berlin-Berlin-Brandenburgischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
ER  -
```

## Glossary

<!-- If relevant, include terms and calculations in this section that can help readers understand the dataset or dataset card. -->

**Lemma IDs**

For the stable lemma IDs, see https://thesaurus-linguae-aegyptiae.de/info/lemma-lists.

**Glossing**

For the glossing abbreviations, see https://thesaurus-linguae-aegyptiae.de/listings/ling-glossings. 

_Note:_ The glosses correspond to the basic lemma forms, not the actual grammatical forms in the very sentence.

## Dataset Card Authors

[Daniel A. Werning](https://www.bbaw.de/die-akademie/mitarbeiterinnen-mitarbeiter/werning-daniel)

## Dataset Card Contact

[Daniel A. Werning](https://www.bbaw.de/die-akademie/mitarbeiterinnen-mitarbeiter/werning-daniel)