Used to view spending and available funding to cover new obligations. It shows. the AFP, Allotment, Commitment, Obligation, Expenses, Disbursement, Available Allotment, and available AFP for budget objects (including Fund, Fund. Center, Commitment Item, Functional Area, and Funded Program).
A landmark case representing one of the earliest examples of the use of the Supremacy Clause is that of McCulloch v. Maryland. In this case, the Supreme Court ruled that the State of Maryland had no legal right to tax the Second Bank of the United States as a Federal entity.
Article VI of the Constitution provides that the Constitution, laws, and treaties of the U.S. are the supreme law of the land. This article is known as the supremacy clause. This means that when there is a direct conflict between a federal law and a state law, the state law is rendered invalid. Because some powers are concurrent