Used to view spending and available funding to cover new obligations. It shows. the AFP, Allotment, Commitment, Obligation, Expenses, Disbursement, Available Allotment, and available AFP for budget objects (including Fund, Fund. Center, Commitment Item, Functional Area, and Funded Program).
A landmark case representing one of the earliest examples of the use of the Supremacy Clause is that of McCulloch v. Maryland. In this case, the Supreme Court ruled that the State of Maryland had no legal right to tax the Second Bank of the United States as a Federal entity.
Supremacy Clause. -states that the constitution, federal statutes and federal treaties are the supreme law of the land. o If there is conflict between statutes, the federal controls the issue and the state statute is void. o Even with no direct conflict, federal law will prevail if the issue is one that congress controls exclusively.