Modified radical mastectomy. Modified radical mastectomy involves the removal of both breast tissue and lymph nodes: 1  The surgeon removes the entire breast.  Axillary lymph node dissection is performed, during which levels I and II of underarm lymph nodes are removed (B and C in illustration).
Castor oil is considered a vegetable oil that is pale yellow in color and is produced by crushing the seeds of the castor oil plant. Many of the benefits gained by using castor oil are a result of its chemical composition. Castor oil is a particular type of triglyceride fatty acid, with nearly 90 percent of its fatty acid substance is ricinoleic acid, which is an unsaturated omega-9 fatty acid.
In addition to its internal use as a laxative, castor oil poultices and packs may alleviate joint pain. While using castor oil for pain relief is a popular practice in alternative medicine circles, scientific studies supporting the oilâs curative effects are lacking. Visit with your doctor to rule out a serious condition before using castor oil to relieve joint pain.