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   United Nations General Assembly Resolution 194 Explained
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United Nations General Assembly Resolution 194 is a resolution adopted near the end of the 1947–1949 Palestine war."name=description><script>(function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){(i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o),m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m)})(window,document,'script','https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga');ga('create', 'UA-101684966-1', 'auto');ga('send', 'pageview');</script><link href=https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/cookieconsent@3/build/cookieconsent.min.css rel=stylesheet><script async src=//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js></script><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({  google_ad_client: "ca-pub-5994403859070052",  enable_page_level_ads: true });</script><body><div class=Header><div class=BreadCrumb><ul><li class=First>You are here<li><a href=http://everything.explained.today> Everything </a> <a href=http://explained.today> Explained.Today </a><li><a href=../contents/list.htm> A-Z Contents </a><li><a href=../contents/list_U.htm> U </a><li><a href=../contents/list_UN.htm> UN </a><li><a href=../contents/list_UNI.htm> UNI </a><li>United Nations General Assembly Resolution 194</ul></div></div><div class=SideBar><p class=logo><img alt="Explained Today"title="The Information and Knowledge Portal"height=125px src=../images/brain.gif width=200px><form action=http://www.google.com/cse id=cse-search-box target=_blank><div><input name=cx type=hidden value=partner-pub-5994403859070052:sf3q7o-pgfc><input name=ie type=hidden value=UTF-8><input name=q size=24><input name=sa type=submit value=Search></div></form><script src=http://www.google.com/coop/cse/brand?form=cse-search-box&lang=en></script><p> <div class=HideIfFull><script async src=//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js></script><ins class=adsbygoogle data-ad-client=ca-pub-5994403859070052 data-ad-format=auto data-ad-slot=6382878523 style=display:block> </ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});</script></div></div><div class=HeaderBar><script async src=//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js></script><ins class=adsbygoogle data-ad-client=ca-pub-5994403859070052 data-ad-format=auto data-ad-slot=4896110924 style=display:block> </ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});</script></div><div class=Body><h1>United Nations General Assembly Resolution 194 Explained</h1><div class=InfoBox><table><tbody><tr><td>Number:<td>194<tr><td>Organ:<td>GA<tr><td>Date:<td>December 11<tr><td>Year:<td>1948<tr><td>Meeting:<td>186<tr><td>Code:<td>A/RES/194 (III)<tr><td>Document:<td>https://unispal.un.org/DPA/DPR/unispal.nsf/0/C758572B78D1CD0085256BCF0077E51A<tr><td>For:<td>35<tr><td>Abstention:<td>8<tr><td>Against:<td>15<tr><td>Subject:<td>Palestine—Progress Report of the United Nations Mediator<tr><td>Result:<td>Adopted</table></div><p><b> United Nations <a title="The United Nations General Assembly is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations, serving as the main ..."href=../United_Nations_General_Assembly/> General Assembly </a> Resolution 194 </b> is a resolution adopted near the end of the <a title="The 1947–1949 Palestine war was a war fought in the territory of Palestine under the British Mandate."href=../1947%e2%80%931949_Palestine_war/> 1947–1949 Palestine war </a> . The Resolution defines principles for reaching a final settlement and returning Palestine refugees to their homes. Article 11 of the resolution resolves that The resolution also calls for the establishment of the <a title="The United Nations Conciliation Commission was created by UN-resolution 194 of 11 December 1948, in order to mediate in the ..."href=../United_Nations_Conciliation_Commission/> United Nations Conciliation Commission </a> to facilitate peace between Israel and Arab states, continuing the efforts of UN Mediator <a title="Folke Bernadotte was a Swedish nobleman and diplomat."href=../Folke_Bernadotte/> Folke Bernadotte </a> , following his assassination. <sup> <a href=#Ref-1> [1] </a> </sup><p>Of the 58 <a href=../members_of_the_United_Nations/> members of the United Nations </a> at that time, the resolution was adopted by a majority of 35 countries, with 15 voting against and 8 abstaining. The six <a title="The Arab League was formed in Cairo on 22 March 1945 initially with six members: Egypt, Iraq, Transjordan, Lebanon, Saudi ..."href=../Arab_League/> Arab League </a> countries then represented at the UN, who were also involved in the war, voted against the resolution. The other significant group which voted against comprised the Communist bloc member countries, all of which had already <a href=../International_recognition_of_Israel/> recognized Israel </a> as a <i> de jure </i> state. Israel was not a member of the United Nations at the time, and objected to many of the resolution's articles. Palestinian representatives likewise rejected Resolution 194. <sup> <a href=#Ref-2> [2] </a> </sup><p>The resolution, especially Article 11, was cited in United Nations General Assembly Resolution 302 establishing the <a title="UNRWA is a UN agency that supports the relief and human development of Palestinian refugees."href=../UNRWA/> UNRWA </a> and other UN resolutions. It has been argued that the resolution enshrines a <a title="The Palestinian right of return is the political position or principle that Palestinian refugees, both first-generation ..."href=../Palestinian_right_of_return/> right of return </a> for the <a title="The Palestinian refugees is limited to Palestine refugees residing in UNRWA's areas of operation in the Palestinian ..."href=../Palestinian_refugees/> Palestinian refugees </a> , a claim that Israel disputes.<h2>Background</h2><p>During the <a title="The 1947–1949 Palestine war was a war fought in the territory of Palestine under the British Mandate."href=../1948_Palestine_war/> 1948 Palestine war </a> , around 700,000 <sup> <a href=#Ref-3> [3] </a> </sup> Palestinian Arabs or 85% of the total population <a title="The 1948 Palestinian exodus was a central component of the fracturing, dispossession and displacement of Palestinian ..."href=../1948_Palestinian_exodus/> fled or were expelled </a> from the territory Israel conquered. The UN Mediator for Palestine, Count <a title="Folke Bernadotte was a Swedish nobleman and diplomat."href=../Folke_Bernadotte/> Folke Bernadotte </a> , believed that the Palestinians displaced had a right to return to their homes and wrote several UN reports to that effect. On June 28, 1948, during a truce he had arranged, he presented a series of suggestions for a peaceful settlement of the Palestine dispute. One of them was that the UN should recognize "the right of residents of Palestine who, because of conditions created by the conflict there have left their normal places of abode, to return to their homes without restriction and to regain possession of their property." Another was to incorporate Jerusalem into Arab territory which angered the Israelis. In the report he presented on September 16, he wrote:In the report, he argued that "[t]he right of Arab refugees to return to their homes in Jewish-controlled territory at the earliest possible date should be affirmed by the United Nations" and that the UN should supervise payment of "adequate compensation for the property" of those choosing not to return. Israel publicly rejected the report, but <a title="The Ministry of Foreign Affairs is one of the most important ministries in the Israeli government."href=../Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Israel)/> Foreign Minister </a> <a title="Moshe Sharett was the second Prime Minister of Israel, serving for a little under two years between David Ben-Gurion 's two ..."href=../Moshe_Sharett/> Moshe Sharett </a> acknowledged that "[i]t is not so nice or humanitarian to oppose something which is so basic, so simple: a person's right to return to the home from which he has been driven out by force."<p>While Bernadotte was assassinated by Jewish paramilitaries, his insistence on a right of return for the refugees formed the basis of resolution 194.<h2>Views</h2><p>See also: <a title="The Palestinian right of return is the political position or principle that Palestinian refugees, both first-generation ..."href=../Palestinian_right_of_return/> Palestinian right of return </a> .<p>Several organizations and individuals believe that resolution 194 enshrines a right for the Palestinian refugees to return to their homes in territory that Israel occupied in the 1948 war. <sup> <a href=#Ref-4> [4] </a> </sup> The <a title="The United Nations General Assembly is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations, serving as the main ..."href=../United_Nations_General_Assembly/> UN General Assembly </a> has reaffirmed Resolution 194 every year since 1949 <sup> <a href=#Ref-1> [1] </a> </sup> and other UN resoutions have reaffirmed the right of return, including General Assembly Resolution 169 in 1980. <sup> <a href=#Ref-1> [1] </a> </sup><p>Joshua Muravchik does not believe that resolution 194 enshrines a right of return, pointing out that the text states that the refugees "should be permitted" to return to their homes at the "earliest practicable date" and this recommendation applies only to those "wishing to... live at peace with their neighbors".<h3>Palestinian and Arab views</h3><p>The Arab states originally voted against resolution 194, but they began to reverse their position by spring 1949 and soon became its strongest advocates. The 2002 <a href=../Arab_Peace_Initiative/> Arab Peace Initiative </a> softened their stance by calling for "a just solution which must also be accepted by Israel." <sup> <a href=#Ref-5> [5] </a> </sup><p>Palestinian representatives initially rejected resolution 194 because they viewed it as being based on the illegality of the state of Israel. By their reasoning, Israel had no right to prevent the return of the "indigenous Arab people of Palestine". Later, the <a title='The Palestine Liberation Organization is an organization founded in 1964 with the purpose of the "liberation of Palestine" ...'href=../Palestinian_Liberation_Organization/> Palestinian Liberation Organization </a> (PLO) and other Palestinian organizations has come to view resolution 194 as one source of legal authority for the right of return. In an address in 2009, Palestinian President <a title="Mahmoud Abbas is the president of the State of Palestine and the Palestinian National Authority."href=../Mahmoud_Abbas/> Mahmoud Abbas </a> stated:<p>Abbas has on other several occasions referred to a "just solution" to the Palestinian refugees "on the basis of Resolution 194". <a href=../Hanan_Ashrawi/> Hanan Ashrawi </a> , a member of the <a title="The Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization is the highest executive body of the Palestine Liberation ..."href=../PLO_Executive_Committee/> PLO Executive Committee </a> has similarly declared that resolution 194 enshrines a non-negotiable right of return:<p>The Palestinian-led <a title="The Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions is a Palestinian -led movement promoting boycotts, divestments, and economic sanctions ..."href=../BDS_movement/> BDS movement </a> asserts that Israel must comply with international law by, among other things, "[r]especting, protecting and promoting the rights of Palestinian refugees to return to their homes and properties as stipulated in UN Resolution 194."<h3>Israeli view</h3><p>Israel does not believe that it has an obligation to let the refugees return, a view was promulgated by the Israeli leadership even before resolution 194 was adopted. In a cabinet meeting in June 1948 Israel's first <a title="The Prime Minister of Israel is the head of government and chief executive of the State of Israel."href=../Prime_Minister_of_Israel/> Prime Minister </a> , <a title="David Ben-Gurion was the primary national founder of the State of Israel and the first Prime Minister of Israel."href=../David_Ben-Gurion/> David Ben-Gurion </a> stated: "They [the Palestinians] lost and fled. Their return must now be prevented.... And I will oppose their return also after the war." Ben-Gurion's words were echoed by Prime Minister <a title="Yitzhak Shamir was an Israeli politician and the seventh Prime Minister of Israel, serving two terms, 1983–1984 and 1986–1992."href=../Yitzhak_Shamir/> Yitzhak Shamir </a> who in 1992 declared that the return of the Palestinian refugees "will never happen in any way, shape or form. There is only a Jewish right of return to the land of Israel."<p>Israel also argued that it did not have to compensate refugees for land and property that they had abandoned. In a press conference in 1949, Sharett stated:<p>In the debates about <a title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution 273 was adopted on May 11, 1949 to admit the State of Israel to membership in the ..."href=../United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_273/> UN resolution 273 </a> in 1949 about Israel's admittance to the UN, Israel's UN representative <a href=../Abba_Eban/> Abba Eban </a> promised that the state would honor its obligations under resolution 181 and resolution 194. El Salvador's representative asked:Eban replied:Israel was thus admitted to the United Nations in May 1949 on condition that it "unreservedly accepts the obligations of the UN Charter and undertakes to honour them from the day when it becomes a member of the UN." But Israel didn't comply with the right of return as reaffirmed in resolution 194.<p>Israel has, however, offered to repatriate refugees as part of negotiations. At the <a title="The Lausanne Conference of 1949 was convened by the United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine from 27 April to ..."href=../Lausanne_Conference%2c_1949/> Lausanne Conference </a> Israel offered to repatriate 100,000 refugees in exchange for a comprehensive peace treaty with the Arab states and for annexation of all territories it had captured up until the <a href=../1949_Armistice_Agreements/> 1949 Armistice Agreements </a> . The number would have included 50,000 refugees who had already found their way back to their homes in Israel. The offer was quickly withdrawn by Ben-Gurion. Another offer came during the <a title="The 2000 Camp David Summit was a summit meeting at Camp David between United States president Bill Clinton, Israeli prime ..."href=../2000_Camp_David_Summit/> 2000 Camp David negotiations </a> in which Israel offered to allow a maximum of 100,000 refugees to return, on the basis of humanitarian considerations or family reunification. <sup> <a href=#Ref-6> [6] </a> </sup><h3>Polling</h3><p>The Palestinian people strongly supports a right of return based on resolution 194. In a 1999 poll by Elia Zureik, some 61.4% of the Palestinians in Israel said that a proper solution to the refugee issue should be based on resolution 194 and about half found such a solution feasible and over 80% of the Palestinians in the <a title="The Palestinian territories was used as the legal definition by the ICJ in the ruling in July 2004."href=../occupied_Palestinian_territories/> occupied Palestinian territories </a> defined applying resolution 194 a just solution to the refugee problem. About 50% of the Palestinians polled thought implementing 194 was feasible. In contrast, less than 5% of Jewish Israeli respondents thought resolution 194 was either just or feasible.<h2>Voting Results</h2><p>The result of the voting was the following:<p><b> In Favor </b><p>Argentina, <a title="Australia is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous ..."href=../Australia/> Australia </a> , <a title="Belgium is a country in Western Europe."href=../Belgium/> Belgium </a> , <a title="Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area and the sixth most populous."href=../Brazil/> Brazil </a> , <a title="Canada is a country in North America."href=../Canada/> Canada </a> , China, <a title="Colombia is composed of 32 departments and the Capital District of Bogotá, the country's largest city."href=../Colombia/> Colombia </a> , Denmark, <a title="The Dominican Republic is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean ..."href=../Dominican_Republic/> Dominican Republic </a> , <a title="Ecuador is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the ..."href=../Ecuador/> Ecuador </a> , <a title="El Salvador is a country in Central America."href=../El_Salvador/> El Salvador </a> , Ethiopia, <a title="France is a unitary semi-presidential republic with its capital in Paris, the country's largest city and main cultural and ..."href=../France/> France </a> , Greece, Haiti, Honduras, Iceland, Liberia, <a title="Luxembourg is a landlocked country in Western Europe."href=../Luxembourg/> Luxembourg </a> , <a title="The Netherlands is a country located in Western Europe with territories in the Caribbean."href=../Netherlands/> Netherlands </a> , <a href=../New_Zealand/> New Zealand </a> , Nicaragua, Norway, <a title="Panama is a transcontinental country in Central America and South America, bordered by Costa Rica to the west, Colombia to ..."href=../Panama/> Panama </a> , <a title="Paraguay is a country in South America."href=../Paraguay/> Paraguay </a> , <a title="Peru is a megadiverse country with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west to the ..."href=../Peru/> Peru </a> , Philippines, South Africa, Sweden, Thailand, <a title="Turkey was home to important Neolithic sites like Göbekli Tepe, and was inhabited by ancient civilisations such as the ..."href=../Turkey/> Turkey </a> , United Kingdom, <a title="The United States is a country primarily located in North America."href=../United_States/> United States </a> , Uruguay, <a title="Venezuela was estimated at 28 million in 2019."href=../Venezuela/> Venezuela </a> .<p><b> Against </b><p>Afghanistan, <a title="The Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic was a federal unit of the Soviet Union."href=../Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic/> Byelorrusian SSR </a> , <a title="Cuba is located where the northern Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, and Atlantic Ocean meet."href=../Cuba/> Cuba </a> , <a title="Czechoslovakia was a sovereign state in Central Europe, created in October 1918, when it declared its independence from ..."href=../Czechoslovakia/> Czechoslovakia </a> , Egypt, <a title="Iraq is home to diverse ethnic groups including Arabs, Kurds, Turkmens, Arab-Kurds, Assyrians/Chaldeans, Yazidis, Persians, ..."href=../Iraq/> Iraq </a> , <a title="Lebanon is home to roughly six million people and covers an area of 10452km2, making it one of the smallest countries in the ..."href=../Lebanon/> Lebanon </a> , Pakistan, Poland, Saudi Arabia, <a title="Syria is home to diverse ethnic and religious groups, including the majority Syrian Arabs, Kurds, Turkmens, Assyrians, ..."href=../Syria/> Syria </a> , <a title="The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union from the Union's inception ..."href=../Ukrainian_SSR/> Ukrainian SSR </a> , <a title="The Soviet Union was a socialist state that spanned Europe and Asia during its existence from 1922 to 1991."href=../USSR/> USSR </a> , Yemen, <a title="Yugoslavia was a country in Southeast Europe and Central Europe for most of the 20th century."href=../Yugoslavia/> Yugoslavia </a> .<p><b> Abstaining </b><p><a title="Bolivia is a landlocked country located in western-central South America."href=../Bolivia/> Bolivia </a> , Burma, <a title="Chile is the southernmost country in the world, the closest to Antarctica, and borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the ..."href=../Chile/> Chile </a> , <a title="Costa Rica is a country in Central America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the northeast, Panama ..."href=../Costa_Rica/> Costa Rica </a> , <a title="Guatemala is a representative democracy ; its capital and largest city is Nueva Guatemala de la Asunción, also known as ..."href=../Guatemala/> Guatemala </a> , <a title="India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives; its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with ..."href=../India/> India </a> , Iran, <a title="Mexico is organized as a federation comprising 31 states and Mexico City, its capital and largest metropolis."href=../Mexico/> Mexico </a> .<h2>Related resolutions</h2><p>Adopted in the aftermath of the <a title="The Six-Day War was an armed conflict fought from 5 to 10 June 1967 between Israel and an Arab coalition primarily ..."href=../Six-day_war/> Six-day war </a> in 1967, <a href=../United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_237/> Security Council Resolution 237 </a> called upon Israel "to facilitate the return of those inhabitants who have fled the areas [occupied by Israel] since the outbreak of hostilities".<h2>Full text</h2><div style=clear:both;></div><h2>See also</h2><ul><li><a href=../Jewish_refugees/> Jewish refugees </a><li><a title="The Lausanne Conference of 1949 was convened by the United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine from 27 April to ..."href=../Lausanne_Conference_of_1949/> Lausanne Conference of 1949 </a><li><a title="The list of United Nations resolutions concerning Israel was never mentioned as the basis for the action taken, the ..."href=../List_of_the_UN_resolutions_concerning_Israel/> List of the UN resolutions concerning Israel </a><li><a href=../List_of_the_UN_resolutions_concerning_Palestine/> List of the UN resolutions concerning Palestine </a><li><a title="The Palestinian refugees is limited to Palestine refugees residing in UNRWA's areas of operation in the Palestinian ..."href=../Palestinian_refugees/> Palestinian refugees </a><li><a title="The United Nations Conciliation Commission was created by UN-resolution 194 of 11 December 1948, in order to mediate in the ..."href=../United_Nations_Conciliation_Commission/> United Nations Conciliation Commission </a><li><a title="UNRWA is a UN agency that supports the relief and human development of Palestinian refugees."href=../UNRWA/> UNRWA </a></ul><h2>References</h2><h3>Sources</h3><ul><li>Radley . Kurt René . The Palestinian Refugees: The Right to Return in International Law . American Journal of International Law . Cambridge University Press (CUP) . 72 . 3 . 1978 . 0002-9300 . 10.2307/2200460 . 586–614. 2200460 .<li>Web site: <a href=https://unispal.un.org/UNISPAL.NSF/0/AB14D4AAFC4E1BB985256204004F55FA rel=nofollow> Progress report (16 September 1948) </a> . UN Mediator on Palestine . 16 September 1948 . 17 November 2020 . Bernadotte . Folke.<li>Slonim . Shlomo . Israeli policy on Jerusalem at the United Nations, 1948 . Middle Eastern Studies . Informa UK Limited . 30 . 3 . 1994 . 0026-3206 . 10.1080/00263209408701012 . 579–596.<li><a href="https://www.wrmea.org/1995-september/jewish-terrorists-assassinate-u.n.-peacekeeper-count-folke-bernadotte.html
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"rel=nofollow> The Passage of U.N. Resolution 194 </a> . November–December 1993 . 84–92 . Donald . Neff . Washington Report on Middle East Affairs.<li>Palestine's Ongoing Nakba . 39–40 . 2009 . Rempel . Terry . <a href=http://www.badil.org/en/publication/periodicals/al-majdal/item/3-resolution-194-iii-a-retrospective.html rel=nofollow> Resolution 194 (III), A Retrospective </a> . BADIL Resource Center for Palestinian Residency and Refugee Rights . 17 November 2020.<li>Web site: <a href=https://www.unrwa.org/content/resolution-194 rel=nofollow> Resolution 194 </a> . UNRWA . . 17 November 2020 . UNRWA.<li>Book: Morris. Benny . <a href="https://archive.org/details/righteousvictims00morr_0/page/252
"rel=nofollow> Righteous Victims: A History of the Zionist–Arab conflict, 1881–2001 </a> . 2001. Vintage Books. New York . 978-0-679-74475-7 . <a href=https://archive.org/details/righteousvictims00morr_0/page/252 rel=nofollow> 252–258 </a> . 1st Vintage Books . registration .<li>Web site: <a href=https://unispal.un.org/UNISPAL.NSF/634ea0efe460133c852570c0006d53f2/f471df8e3f0efb94852574c600524e41?OpenDocument rel=nofollow> A/PV.186 </a> . United Nations Information System on the Question of Palestine . December 11, 1948 . . November 24, 2020.<li>Web site: <a href=https://unispal.un.org/DPA/DPR/unispal.nsf/0/E02B4F9D23B2EFF3852560C3005CB95A rel=nofollow> S/RES/237 </a> . UNISPAL-United Nations Information System on the Question of Palestine . June 14, 1967 . . November 25, 2020.<li>Book: Hart , Alan . <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=H8Z4pBwK-foC&pg=PT135
"rel=nofollow> Zionism: The Real Enemy of the Jews, Volume 2: David Becomes Goliath </a> . August 13, 2010 . SCB Distributors . 978-0-932863-79-9 . 135–.<li>Book: Susser , Asher . Ilai Alon . Daniel Bar-Tal . The Role of Trust in Conflict Resolution: The Israeli-Palestinian Case and Beyond . https://books.google.com/books?id=04k0DgAAQBAJ&pg=PA264 . February 21, 2017 . Springer . 978-3-319-43355-4 . Historical Narratives and the Issue of Trust . 259–269 .<li>Book: Farah , Randa . Niklaus Steiner . Mark Gibney . Gil Loescher . <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iRTfAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA160
"rel=nofollow> Problems of Protection: The UNHCR, Refugees, and Human Rights </a> . October 31, 2013 . Routledge . 978-1-135-39548-3 . 160– .<li>Book: Boyle , Francis A. . <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=URcq-uIuCQUC&pg=PT279
"rel=nofollow> Palestine, Palestinians and International Law </a> . August 13, 2010 . SCB Distributors . 978-0-932863-92-8 . 279–.<li>Web site: <a href=https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2001/01/pal1-j22.html rel=nofollow> Zionism's legacy of ethnic cleansing </a> . World Socialist Web Site . January 22, 2001 . Jean . Shaoul . November 24, 2020.<li>Web site: <a href="https://css.ethz.ch/en/services/digital-library/publications/publication.html/141417
"rel=nofollow> The Palestinian Refugees on the Day After "Independence" </a> . Jonathan D. . Halevi . 2010 . Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs .<li>News: <a href=https://www.timesofisrael.com/bds-backed-twitter-bot-network-targeting-eurovision-israel-charges/ rel=nofollow> BDS-backed Twitter bot network is targeting Eurovision, Israel charges </a> . 16 May 2019 . The Times of Israel . 3 May 2019 . .<li>News: Trew . Bel . <a href=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/eurovision-2019-israel-palestine-bds-west-bank-middle-east-a8914806.html rel=nofollow> Tourists come face-to-face with Eurovision's darker side: 'No pride in apartheid' </a> . 16 May 2019 . The Independent . 15 May 2019.<li>News: Holmes . Oliver . <a href=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/may/07/israel-says-it-will-not-allow-in-activists-targeting-eurovision rel=nofollow> Israel says it will not allow in activists planning to 'disturb' Eurovision </a> . 16 May 2019 . The Guardian . 7 May 2019 .<li>PhD . Hitchcock . Jennifer Megan . <a href=https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/english_etds/102 rel=nofollow> A Rhetorical Frame Analysis of Palestinian-Led Boycott, Divestment, Sanctions (BDS) Movement Discourse </a> . ODU Digital Commons . June 29, 2020 . September 21, 2020.<li>Web site: <a href="https://www.unrwa.org/who-we-are/frequently-asked-questions
"rel=nofollow> Frequently asked questions </a> . August 9, 2020 . UNRWA . . en.<li><a href="http://www.badil.org/phocadownload/Badil_docs/publications/al-majdal-14.pdf
"rel=nofollow> Right of Return </a> . Al-Majdal . BADIL Resource Center for Palestinian Residency and Refugee Rights . Summer 2002 . . November 25, 2020 . 14.<li>Book: Muravchik, Joshua . <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3ErLCgAAQBAJ&pg=PT121
"rel=nofollow> Making David into Goliath: How the World Turned Against Israel </a> . 2015-12-15 . Encounter Books . 9781594038464 . en.<li>Book: Masalha , Nur . <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=i9EmAQAAMAAJ
"rel=nofollow> The Politics of Denial: Israel and the Palestinian Refugee Problem </a> . October 20, 2003 . Pluto Press . 978-0-7453-2120-2.<li>Web site: Zureik . Elia . <a href=https://prrn.mcgill.ca/research/papers/zureik3.htm rel=nofollow> Public Opinion and Palestinian Refugees </a> . Palestinian Refugee ResearchNet . November 25, 2020 . December 1999.</ul><h2>Notes and References</h2><ol><li><a name=Ref-1> </a> United Nations General Assembly Resolution 169 (1980), Article 66.<li><a name=Ref-2> </a> <a href=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/israel-law-review/article/1948-refugees/1E997E364691F4379C6F77EC05BC84AD/core-reader rel=nofollow> https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/israel-law-review/article/1948-refugees/1E997E364691F4379C6F77EC05BC84AD/core-reader </a> "1948 Refugees."<li><a name=Ref-3> </a> The exact number of refugees is disputed. See <a href=../List_of_estimates_of_the_Palestinian_Refugee_flight_of_1948/> List of estimates of the Palestinian Refugee flight of 1948 </a> for details.<li><a name=Ref-4> </a> <dl><dt>; ;</dt></dl><li><a name=Ref-5> </a> "Resolution 194 ... speaks of the right of all Palestinian refugees to return to their homes in Israel. But even the <a href=../Arab_League/> Arab League </a> modified this in 2002, with a new resolution proposing 'a just solution which must also be accepted by Israel.'" Amirav, M. (2007). We must learn from camp david. FT.Com,, 1. Proquest.<li><a name=Ref-6> </a> Book: Samy, Shahira. <a href=https://books.google.com/books?id=rKOMAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA24 rel=nofollow> Reparations to Palestinian Refugees: A Comparative Perspective </a> . 2010-02-25. Routledge. 978-1-135-15426-4. en.</ol><div class=Footer><div class=robots-noindex><p>This article is licensed under the <a href=http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html rel=nofollow> GNU Free Documentation License </a> . It uses material from the Wikipedia article " <a href=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_194 rel=nofollow> United Nations General Assembly Resolution 194 </a> ".</div><p>Except where otherwise indicated, Everything.Explained.Today is © Copyright 2009-2021, A B Cryer, All Rights Reserved. <a href=http://explained.today/cookie_policy.htm> Cookie policy </a> .</div></div><script data-cfasync=false src=https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/cookieconsent@3/build/cookieconsent.min.js></script><script>window.cookieconsent.initialise({  "palette": {    "popup": {      "background": "#000"    },    "button": {      "background": "#f1d600"    }  },  "content": {    "href": "explained.today/cookie_policy.htm"  }});</script>