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Annual reports (2013) by Tom Tom have been expanded to include China, adding the world’s second largest economy to previously produced array of reports on the Americas, Europe, South Africa and Australia/New Zealand. A total of 160 cities are now rated in these <a href=http://www.tomtom.com/en_gb/trafficindex/> Tom Tom Traffic Index Reports </a> . This provides an opportunity to provide world 10 most congested and 10 least congested cities lists among the rated cities.<p>Tom Tom provides all day congestion indexes and indexes for peak hours (heaviest traffic peak morning and evening hour). The traffic indexes rate congestion based on the additional time necessary to make the trip compared to those under free flow conditions. For example, an index of 10 indicates that a 30 minute trip would take 10 percent longer, or 33 minutes. An index of 50 means that a 30 minute trip will, on average, take 45 minutes.<p><strong> Congestion in Peak Hours: 10 Most Congested Cities </strong><p>This article constructs an average peak hour index, using the morning and evening peak period Tom Tom Traffic Indexes for the 125 rated metropolitan areas with principal urban areas of more than 1,000,000 residents. The peak hour index is used because peak hour congestion is generally of more public policy concern than all day congestion. This congestion occurs because of the concentration of work trips in relatively short periods of time. Work trips are by no means the majority of trips, but it can be argued that they cause the most congestion. Many cities have relatively little off-peak traffic congestion.<p>The two most congested cities are in Eastern Europe, Moscow and Istanbul (which stretches across the Bosporus into Asia). Four of the most congested cities are in China, three in Latin America (including all that are rated) and one is in Western Europe (Figure 1).<blockquote><p><a href=http://www.newgeography.com/content/002682-the-evolving-urban-form-moscows-auto-oriented-expansion> Moscow </a> is the most congested city, with a peak hour index of 126. This means that the average 30 minute trip in free flow conditions will take 68 minutes during peak hours. Moscow has a limited freeway system, but its ambitious plans could relieve congestion. The city has undertaken a huge geographical expansion program, with the intention of relocating many jobs to outside the primary ring road. This dispersion of employment, if supported by sufficient road infrastructure could lead to improved traffic conditions.<p><a href=http://www.newgeography.com/content/003020-the-evolving-urban-form-istanbul> Istanbul </a> is the second most congested city with a peak hour traffic index of 108. The average free flow 30 minute trip would take 62 minutes during peak hours.<p><a href=http://www.newgeography.com/content/003438-the-evolving-urban-form-rio-de-janeiro> Rio de Janeiro </a> is the third most congested city him with a peak hour traffic index of 99.5. The average free flow 30 minute trip takes 60 minutes due to congestion during peak hours.<p><a href=http://www.rentalcartours.net/rac-tianjin.pdf> Tianjin </a> , which will achieve megacity status in 2015, and which is adjacent to Beijing, is the fourth most congested city, with an index of 91. In Tianjin, the peak hour congestion extends a free flow 30 minute trip to 57 minutes.<p><a href=http://www.newgeography.com/content/002088-the-evolving-urban-form-the-valley-mexico> Mexico City </a> is the fifth most congested city, with a peak hour traffic index of 88.5. The average free flow 30 minute trip takes 57 minutes due to congestion.<p><a href=http://www.rentalcartours.net/rac-hangzhou.pdf> Hangzhou </a> (capital of Zhejiang, China), which is adjacent to Shanghai, has the sixth worst traffic congestion, with a peak period traffic index of 87. The average 30 minute trip in free flow takes 56 minutes during peak hours.<p><a href=http://www.newgeography.com/content/003054-evolving-urban-form-s%C3%A3o-paulo> Sao Paulo </a>  has the seventh worst traffic congestion, with a peak hour index of 80.5. The average 30 minute trip in free flow takes 54 minutes during peak periods. Sao Paulo's intense traffic congestion has long been exacerbated by truck traffic routed along the "Marginale" near the center of the city. A ring road now is mostly complete, but the section most critical to relieving traffic congestion from trucks is yet to be opened.<p><a href=http://www.newgeography.com/content/004395-the-evolving-urban-form-chongqing> Chongqing </a> has the eighth worst traffic congestion, with a peak hour index of 78.5. As a result, a trip that would take 30 minutes in free flow conditions takes 54 minutes during peak hours.<p><a href=http://www.newgeography.com/content/002406-the-evolving-urban-form-beijing> Beijing </a> has the ninth worst traffic congestion, with a peak hour index of 76.5. As a result a trip that should take 30 minutes in free flow is likely to take 53 minutes during peak hour. In spite of recent reports of its intense traffic congestion, Beijing rates better than some other cities. There are likely two causes for this. With its seventh ring road now planned, Beijing has a top-flight freeway system. Its traffic is also aided by its dispersion of employment The lower density government oriented employment core , is flanked on both side by major business centers ("edge cities") on the Second and Third Ring Roads. This disperses traffic.<p><a href=http://www.rentalcartours.net/rac-bruxelles.pdf> Brussels </a> has the 10th worst peak hour traffic congestion, with an index of 75. A trip that would take 30 minutes at free flow takes 53 minutes in peak hour congestion.<p></blockquote><p>Seven of the 10 most congested cities are megacities (urban areas with populations over 10 million). The exceptions are Hangzhou, Chongqing and Brussels. Brussels has by far the smallest population, at only 2.1 million residents, little more than one-third the size of second smallest city, Hangzhou.<p><img src=http://www.newgeography.com/files/cox-traffic10-1.png><p><strong> Most Congested Cities in the US and Canada </strong><p>The most congested US and Canadian cities rank far down the list. <a href=http://www.newgeography.com/content/002372-the-evolving-urban-form-los-angeles> Los Angeles </a> ranks in a tie with Paris, Marseille and Ningbo (China), at a peak hour congestion index of 65. It may be surprising that Los Angeles does rank much higher. Los Angeles has   been the most congested city in the United States, displacing Houston in the 1980s. The intensity of the Los Angeles traffic congestion is driven by its highest urban area density in the United States and important gaps in the planned freeway system that were canceled. Nonetheless, Los Angeles is aided by a strong dispersion of employment, which helps to make <a href=http://www.fcpp.org/files/1/PS135_Transit_MY15F3.pdf> makes its overall work trip travel times the lowest among world megacities </a> for which data is available). Part of the Los Angeles advantages is its high automobile usage, which shortens travel times relative to megacities with much larger transit market shares (such as Tokyo, New York, London and Paris).<p>Vancouver is Canada's most congested city, with a pea period index of 62.5 and has the 27th worst traffic congestion, in a tie with Stockholm. Vancouver had exceeded Los Angeles in traffic congestion in the 2013 mid-year Tom Tom Traffic Index report.<p><strong> Least Congested Cities </strong><p>All but one of the 10 least congested large cities in the Tom Tom report are in the United States. The least congested is <a href=http://www.rentalcartours.net/rac-kc.pdf> Kansas City </a> , with a peak period index of 19.5, indicating that a 30 minute trip in free flow is likely to take 36 minutes due to congestion. Kansas City has one of the most comprehensive freeway systems in the United States and has a highly dispersed employment base. US cities also occupy the second through the sixth least congested positions (Cleveland, Indianapolis, Memphis, Louisville and St. Louis). Spain's Valencia is the seventh least congested city, while the eighth through 10th positions are taken by Salt Lake City, Las Vegas and Detroit.<p><strong> Cities Not Rated </strong><p>There are a number of other highly congested cities that are not yet included in international traffic congestion ratings. Data in the 1999 publication <a href=http://www.amazon.com/International-Sourcebook-Automobile-Dependence-1960-1990/dp/0870815237> <em> Cities and Automobile Dependence: A Sourcebook </em> </a>  indicated that the <a href=http://www.publicpurpose.com/hwy-intltr.htm> greatest density of traffic </a> among rated cities was in <a href=http://www.newgeography.com/content/002060-the-evolving-urban-form-seoul> Seoul </a> , <a href=http://www.newgeography.com/content/003367-the-evolving-urban-form-bangkok> Bangkok </a> and <a href=http://www.newgeography.com/content/002708-the-evolving-urban-form-hong-kong> Hong Kong </a> . Singapore, <a href=http://www.newgeography.com/content/003395-the-evolving-urban-form-kuala-lumpur> Kuala Lumpur </a> , <a href=http://www.newgeography.com/content/002255-the-evolving-urban-form-jakarta-jabotabek> Jakarta </a> , <a href=http://www.newgeography.com/content/002923-the-evolving-urban-form-tokyo> Tokyo </a> , Surabaya (Indonesia), while <a href=http://www.newgeography.com/content/003075-the-evolving-urban-form-z-rich> Zürich </a> and Munich also had intense traffic congestion. Later data would doubtless add <a href=http://www.newgeography.com/content/002198-the-evolving-urban-form-manila> Manila </a> to the list. The cities of the Indian subcontinent also experience extreme, but as yet unrated traffic congestion. It is hoped that traffic indexes will soon be available for these and other international cities.<p><strong> Determinants of Traffic Congestion </strong><p>An examination (regression analysis) of the peak period traffic indexes indicates an association between higher urban area population densities and greater traffic congestion, with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.48, which is significant at the one percent level of confidence (Figure 2). This is consistent with other research <a href=http://ltaacademy.gov.sg/doc/J12%20Nov-p19Cox_Urban%20Travel%20and%20Urban%20Population%20Density.pdf> equating lower densities with faster travel times </a> and an <a href=http://www.newgeography.com/content/002934-questioning-messianic-conception-smart-growth> increasing automobile use </a> in response to higher densities.<p><img src=http://www.newgeography.com/files/cox-traffic10-2.png><p>At the regional level, a similar association is apparent. The United States, with the lowest urban population densities, has the least traffic congestion. Latin America, Eastern Europe and China, with higher urban densities, have worse traffic congestion. Density does not explain all the differences, however, especially among geographies outside the United States. Despite its high density, China's traffic congestion is less intense than that of Eastern European and Latin American cities. It seems likely that this is, at least in part due to the better matching of roadway supply with demand in China, with its extensive urban freeway systems. Further, the cities of China often have a more polycentric employment distribution (Table).</p><style><!--
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--></style><br><br><br><p><table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 class=excel1><colgroup><col style=width:130pt; width=173></colgroup><colgroup><col style=width:68pt; width=91></colgroup><colgroup><col style=width:65pt; width=86></colgroup><colgroup><col style=width:59pt; width=79></colgroup><tbody><tr style=height:18.0pt;><td class=excel2 colspan=3 style=height:18.0pt;width:263pt; width=350>Traffic Congestion & Urban Population Density<td style=width:59pt; width=79><tr style=height:13.8pt;><td style=height:13.8pt;><td><td class=excel7 colspan=2>Urban Poulation Density<tr style=height:27.6pt;><td style=height:27.6pt;><td class=excel6 style=width:68pt; width=91>Peak Hour Congestion<td class=excel6 style=width:65pt; width=86>Per Square Mile<td class=excel3>Per KM2<tr style=height:13.8pt;><td style=height:13.8pt;>Australia & New Zealand<td align=right class=excel5>49.2<td class=excel4>               4,600<td class=excel4>             1,800<tr style=height:13.8pt;><td style=height:13.8pt;>Canada<td align=right class=excel5>49.4<td class=excel4>               5,000<td class=excel4>             1,900<tr style=height:13.8pt;><td style=height:13.8pt;>China<td align=right class=excel5>64.9<td class=excel4>             15,700<td class=excel4>             6,100<tr style=height:13.8pt;><td style=height:13.8pt;>Eastern Europe<td align=right class=excel5>80.8<td class=excel4>             11,800<td class=excel4>             4,500<tr style=height:13.8pt;><td style=height:13.8pt;>Latin America<td align=right class=excel5>89.5<td class=excel4>             19,600<td class=excel4>             7,600<tr style=height:13.8pt;><td style=height:13.8pt;>United States<td align=right class=excel5>37.1<td class=excel4>               3,100<td class=excel4>             1,200<tr style=height:13.8pt;><td style=height:13.8pt;>Western Europe<td align=right class=excel5>47.4<td class=excel4>               8,700<td class=excel4>             3,400<tr style=height:13.8pt;><td style=height:13.8pt;>South Africa<td align=right class=excel5>52.4<td class=excel4>               8,300<td class=excel4>             3,200<tr style=height:13.8pt;><td colspan=4 style=height:13.8pt;>Peak Hour Congestion: Average of Tom Tom Peak Hour Congestion Indexes 2013<tr style=height:13.8pt;><td colspan=3 style=height:13.8pt;>Population Densities: Demographia World Urban Areas<td></table><p> <p>Both of these factors, high capacity roadways and dispersion of population as well as jobs are also important contributors to the lower congestion levels in the United States.<p><em> Wendell Cox is principal of Demographia, an international public policy and demographics firm. He is co-author of the " </em> <a href=http://www.demographia.com/dhi.pdf> <em> Demographia International Housing Affordability Survey </em> </a> <em> " and author of " </em> <a href=http://www.demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf> <em> Demographia World Urban Areas </em> </a> <em> " and " </em> <a href=http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0595399487?ie=UTF8&tag=newgeogrcom-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=0595399487> <em> War on the Dream: How Anti-Sprawl Policy Threatens the Quality of Life </em> </a> <em> ." He was appointed to three terms on the Los Angeles County Transportation Commission, where he served with the leading city and county leadership as the only non-elected member. He was appointed to the Amtrak Reform Council to fill the unexpired term of Governor Christine Todd Whitman and has served as a visiting professor at the Conservatoire National des Arts et Metiers, a national university in Paris. </em><p><em> Photo: On the Moscow MKAD Ring Road </em><div style="float:left; margin: 0 1em .25em 0;"class=ad-auto-inserted><div class=adsense><script><!--
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}</style><div attr-a attr-b attr-c attr-d attr-e attr-f class=followit--follow-form-container><form action=https://api.follow.it/subscription-form/VnpYZ1VRN3BkLzhsZTlFTGdSaHJFa2t1Sm9UdFg2dXNPdkhERjZFSE5vVkpONlk3WVVYUkNpTTFTbEF1SGthQ2xXRUtPQlpHVkNFYnNoL3haNzczVDVhRTB5TlBPU1NmbFFFamUxc1kxakl0bnNhd1gxM016RHVHUnBNenBFNW58dEg3eG4wdzNXdXdaaEgrcnBDaWFYNm1IbGtHUzlDSmJ6U0d5YzE1RTdaMD0=/8 data-v-390679af method=post><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); position: relative;"class=form-preview data-v-390679af><div class=preview-heading data-v-390679af><h5 style="text-transform: none !important; font-family: Helvetica; font-weight: 700; color: rgb(70, 44, 81); font-size: 12px; text-align: center;"data-v-390679af>Get new posts by email:</h5></div><div class=preview-input-field data-v-390679af><input placeholder="Enter your email"style="text-transform: none !important; font-family: Montserrat; font-weight: normal; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 14px; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"data-v-390679af name=email required spellcheck=false type=email></div><div class=preview-submit-button data-v-390679af><button style="text-transform: none !important; font-family: Montserrat; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(233, 110, 51); font-size: 16px; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(70, 44, 81);"data-v-390679af>Subscribe</button></div></div></form><p><a class=powered-by-line href=https://follow.it> Powered by <img alt=follow.it height=17px src=https://follow.it/static/img/colored-logo.svg> </a></div><p><a href=https://www.facebook.com/pages/New-Geography/112317912517?ref=ts> <img height=32px src=https://www.newgeography.com/files/facebook_32.png style=border:0 width=32px> </a> <a href=https://www.twitter.com/newgeography> <img height=32px src=https://www.newgeography.com/files/twitter_32.png style=border:0 width=32px> </a> <a href=https://www.linkedin.com/groups/2513192/> <img height=32px src=https://www.newgeography.com/files/linkedin_32.png style=border:0 width=32px> </a>    <p>   <p>NewGeography.com is a joint venture of <a href=http://www.joelkotkin.com target=_blank> Joel Kotkin </a> and <a href=https://www.praxissg.com/ target=_blank> Praxis Strategy Group </a></div></div> <div class="block block-block"id=block-block-4><h2 class=title>Featured Content</h2><div class=content><p><a href=https://www.chapman.edu/communication/demographics-policy/index.aspx target=_blank> <img border=0 halign=left src=/files/chapmancenter.png> </a> <br> <a href=https://urbanreforminstitute.org/ target=_blank> <img border=0 halign=left src=/files/URI-a-COU.png> </a> <br> <br> <a href=/category/story-topics/evolving-urban-form> <img border=0 halign=left src=/files/urban-form-button.png> </a> <br> <br> <a href=http://heartlandforward.org/ target=_blank> <img border=0 halign=left src=/files/heartland-forward.png> </a> <br> <br> <p> </div></div> <div class="block block-block"id=block-block-20><h2 class=title>The Coming of Neo-Feudalism</h2><div class=content><p><a href=https://www.amazon.com/Coming-Neo-Feudalism-Warning-Global-Middle/dp/1641770945/?tag=010626-20 rel=nofollow> <img height=160 src=https://urbanreforminstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/Coming-of-Neo-Feudalism_cover.jpg width=105> </a> Joel Kotkin's newest book <em> The Coming of Neo-Feudalism: A Warning to the Global Middle Class </em> is now available to order. <a href=http://joelkotkin.com/books/ rel=nofollow> Learn more about this title and Joel's other books </a> .  </div></div> <div class="block block-block"id=block-block-24><h2 class=title>Infinite Suburbia</h2><div class=content><p><a href=https://amzn.to/2wGi4Zr rel=nofollow target=_blank> <img src=https://www.newgeography.com/files/infinite-suburbia-112.jpg> </a> <em> Infinite Suburbia </em> is the culmination of the MIT Norman B. Leventhal Center for Advanced Urbanism's yearlong study of the future of suburban development. <a href=https://amzn.to/2wGi4Zr rel=nofollow target=_blank> Find out more </a> .</div></div> <div class="block block-blog"id=block-blog-0><h2 class=title>Recent blog posts</h2><div class=content><div class=item-list><ul><li><a href=/content/007233-frontier-thinkers-corner-housing-affordability> Frontier Thinkers Corner: Housing Affordability </a><li><a href=/content/007231-feudal-future-podcast-the-purpose-behind-podcast> Feudal Future Podcast: The Purpose Behind the Podcast </a><li><a href=/content/007227-reimagining-food-business-flyover-country> Reimagining the Food Business in Flyover Country </a><li><a href=/content/007222-feudal-future-podcast-the-world-after-covid> Feudal Future Podcast: The World After COVID </a><li><a href=/content/007215-feudal-future-podcast-is-there-hope-the-future-california-politics> Feudal Future Podcast: Is There Hope? The Future of California Politics </a><li><a href=/content/007214-california-high-speed-rail-more-cost-overruns-delays> California High Speed Rail: More Cost Overruns & Delays? (Los Angeles Times) </a><li><a href=/content/007212-even-elon-musk-leaving-california-behind> Even Elon Musk is Leaving California Behind </a><li><a href=/content/007205-pwc-employees-work-us-live-anywhere> PwC to Employees: Work for Us, Live Anywhere </a><li><a href=/content/007203-the-poor-side-town> The Poor Side of Town </a><li><a href=/content/007202-high-speed-rail-advocates-tout-a-0008-reduction-pollution> High-speed rail advocates tout a 0.008% reduction in pollution </a></ul></div><div class=more-link><a title="Read the latest blog entries."href=/blog> more </a></div></div></div> <div class="block block-block"id=block-block-18><h2 class=title>Books</h2><div class=content><p><a href=https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00GSQ4E5W/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=B00GSQ4E5W&linkCode=as2&tag=newgeogrcom-20 rel=nofollow target=_blank> <img hspace=10 src=https://www.newgeography.com/files/tusom-cover.png vspace=5 width=100> </a><p>Authored by Aaron Renn, <em> <a href=https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00GSQ4E5W/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=B00GSQ4E5W&linkCode=as2&tag=newgeogrcom-20 rel=nofollow target=_blank> The Urban State of Mind: Meditations on the City </a> </em> is the first Urbanophile e-book, featuring provocative essays on the key issues facing our cities, including innovation, talent attraction and brain drain, global soft power, sustainability, economic development, and localism.<p><a href=https://amzn.to/2v2dbZU rel=nofollow target=_blank> <img src=https://www.newgeography.com/files/going-local-sm.png> </a> Check out <a href=https://amzn.to/2v2dbZU rel=nofollow target=_blank> <em> Healing American Democracy: Going Local </em> </a> , the new book from Morley Winograd and Michael D. Hais.</div></div> <div class="block block-views"id=block-views-popular_recent><h2 class=title>Recent popular content</h2><div class=content><div class="view view-popular-recent"><div class="view-content view-content-popular-recent"><div class=item-list><ul><li><a href=/content/003292-what-is-a-global-city> What Is a Global City? </a><li><a href=/content/007230-the-poor-places-that-made-our-cities-richer> The Poor Places That Made Our Cities Richer </a><li><a href=/content/00612-death-california-dream> Death of the California Dream </a><li><a href=/content/005738-california-politicians-not-serious-about-fixing-housing-crisis> California Politicians Not Serious About Fixing Housing Crisis </a><li><a href=/content/001181-urban-youth-deserve-chance-hear-about-service-academies> Urban Youth Deserve Chance to Hear About Service Academies </a><li><a href=/content/001110-the-white-city> The White City </a><li><a href=/content/007232-slow-boat-china> Slow Boat from China </a><li><a href=/content/001449-the-forty-fifth-parallel> The Forty-Fifth Parallel </a></ul></div></div><div class=more-link><a href=/popular/latest> more </a></div></div></div></div> <div class="block block-views"id=block-views-othernodes_byauthor><h2 class=title>More from this author</h2><div class=content><div class="view view-othernodes-byauthor"><div class="view-content view-content-othernodes-byauthor"><div class=item-list><ul><li><div class="view-item view-item-othernodes-byauthor"><div class="view-field view-data-node-title"><a href=/content/004280-largest-world-cities-2014> Largest World Cities: 2014 </a></div></div><li><div class="view-item view-item-othernodes-byauthor"><div class="view-field view-data-node-title"><a href=/content/005219-largest-cities-world-2016> Largest Cities in the World: 2016 </a></div></div><li><div class="view-item view-item-othernodes-byauthor"><div class="view-field view-data-node-title"><a href=/content/002808-world-urban-areas-population-and-density-a-2012-update> World Urban Areas Population and Density: A 2012 Update </a></div></div><li><div class="view-item view-item-othernodes-byauthor"><div class="view-field view-data-node-title"><a href=/content/004841-largest-1000-cities-earth-world-urban-areas-2015-edition> Largest 1,000 Cities on Earth: World Urban Areas: 2015 Edition </a></div></div><li><div class="view-item view-item-othernodes-byauthor"><div class="view-field view-data-node-title"><a href=/content/002324-the-costs-smart-growth-revisited-a-40-year-perspective> The Costs of Smart Growth Revisited: A 40 Year Perspective </a></div></div></ul></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="block block-block"id=block-block-6><h2 class=title>Recommended Books</h2><div class=content><ul><li><a href=http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1594202443?ie=UTF8&tag=newgeogrcom-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=1594202443> The Next Hundred Million: America in 2050 By Joel Kotkin - Available Now </a> <img style="border:none !important; margin:0px !important;"alt border=0 height=1 src=http://www.assoc-amazon.com/e/ir?t=newgeogrcom-20&l=as2&o=1&a=1594202443 width=1> <br> <br> <p></p><li><a href=http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0375756515?ie=UTF8&tag=newgeogrcom-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=0375756515> The City: A Global History by Joel Kotkin </a> <img style="border:none !important; margin:0px !important;"alt border=0 height=1 src=http://www.assoc-amazon.com/e/ir?t=newgeogrcom-20&l=as2&o=1&a=0375756515 width=1> <br> <br> <p></p><li><a href=http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0470852895?ie=UTF8&tag=newgeogrcom-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=0470852895> Why is construction so backward? Co-authored by Ian Abley </a> <img style="border:none !important; margin:0px !important;"alt border=0 height=1 src=http://www.assoc-amazon.com/e/ir?t=newgeogrcom-20&l=as2&o=1&a=0470852895 width=1> <br> <br> <p></p><li><a href=http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0813551501/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=newgeogrcom-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399373&creativeASIN=0813551501> Millennial Momentum: How a New Generation Is Remaking America by Morley Winograd and Michael D. Hais </a> <img style="border:none !important; margin:0px !important;"alt border=0 height=1 src=http://www.assoc-amazon.com/e/ir?t=&l=as2&o=1&a=0813551501&camp=217145&creative=399373 width=1> <br> <br> <p></p><li><a href=http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0595399487?ie=UTF8&tag=newgeogrcom-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=0595399487> War on the Dream: How Anti-Sprawl Policy Threatens the Quality of Life by Wendell Cox </a> <img style="border:none !important; margin:0px !important;"alt border=0 height=1 src=http://www.assoc-amazon.com/e/ir?t=newgeogrcom-20&l=as2&o=1&a=0595399487 width=1> <br> <br> <p></p><li><a href=http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0970913362?ie=UTF8&tag=newgeogrcom-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=0970913362> Remembering the Twentieth Century Limited by Matthew Stevenson </a> <img style="border:none !important; margin:0px !important;"alt border=0 height=1 src=http://www.assoc-amazon.com/e/ir?t=newgeogrcom-20&l=as2&o=1&a=0970913362 width=1> <br> <br> <p></p><li><a href=http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0970913354?ie=UTF8&tag=newgeogrcom-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=0970913354> An April Across America By Matthew Stevenson </a> <img style="border:none !important; margin:0px !important;"alt border=0 height=1 src=http://www.assoc-amazon.com/e/ir?t=newgeogrcom-20&l=as2&o=1&a=0970913354 width=1></ul></div></div> <div class="block block-block"id=block-block-2><h2 class=title>Blogroll and Partner Sites</h2><div class=content><ul><li><a href=http://burghdiaspora.blogspot.com/> Burgh Diaspora </a><li><a href=https://www.clucerf.org> Center for Economic Research and Forecasting </a><li><a href=https://www.chinaurbandevelopment.com> China Urban Development Blog </a><li><a href=https://www.austincontrarian.com/austincontrarian/> Chris Bradford - Austin Contrarian </a><li><a href=http://houstonstrategies.blogspot.com/> Houston Strategies </a><li><a href=http://www.laobserved.com/> LA Observed </a><li><a href=https://multiplier-effect.org> Multiplier Effect: Levy Economics Institute </a><li><a href=https://www.ndn.org/blog> NDN </a><li><a href=https://nalert.blogspot.com/> Newsalert </a><li><a href=http://irjci.blogspot.com/> The Rural Blog </a><li><a href=https://www.aaronrenn.com> The Urbanophile </a><li><a href=http://patrick.net/housing/crash.html> Patrick.net - Housing Crash </a><li><a href=http://www.joelkotkin.com> Joel Kotkin </a><li><a href=http://www.praxissg.com> Praxis Strategy Group </a><li><a href=http://www.the-aarc.org/> American Association of Retirement Communities </a></ul><p><a href=/aggregator/sources> more </a></div></div> <div class="block block-user"id=block-user-0><h2 class=title>User login</h2><div class=content><form accept-charset=UTF-8 action=/content/004504-traffic-congestion-world-10-worst-and-best-cities?destination=node%2F4504 id=user-login-form method=post><div><div class=form-item><label for=edit-name>Username: <span title="This field is required."class=form-required> * </span></label><input class="form-text required"id=edit-name maxlength=60 name=name size=15></div><div class=form-item><label for=edit-pass>Password: <span title="This field is required."class=form-required> * </span></label><input class="form-text required"id=edit-pass maxlength=60 name=pass size=15 type=password></div><input value="Log in"class=form-submit id=edit-submit name=op type=submit><div class=item-list><ul><li><a title="Request new password via e-mail."href=/user/password> Request new password </a></ul></div><input id=edit-user-login-block name=form_id type=hidden value=user_login_block></div></form></div></div></table><div id=footer_shell><div id=footer>﻿ <ul><li style="color: #afdfe4; padding-right: 10px">© 2021 New Geography<li><a href=/blog> BLOGS </a> :<li><a href=/content/0035-contributors> CONTRIBUTORS </a> :<li><a href=/contact> CONTACT </a> :<li style="color: #afdfe4; padding-right: 5px; padding-left: 10px">Stay up to date:<li><a href=/frontpage/feed> RSS FEED <img src=https://www.newgeography.com/themes/newgeo/images/purplerss.png> </a></ul><div style="float: left; margin-left: 39px; color: #AFDFE4; background-image: url(/themes/newgeo/images/flint.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-position: top right; padding: 3px 110px 0px 0px;">Website design and development by:</div></div><script src=/modules/adsense/adsense_click.js></script><script src=/sites/all/modules/google_analytics/googleanalytics.js></script><script>var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? 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