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   Cardiac index - Wikipedia
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});});</script><link href=/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.math.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.styles.legacy%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector rel=stylesheet><script async src=/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector></script><meta name=ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles><link href=/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector rel=stylesheet><meta content="MediaWiki 1.38.0-wmf.6"name=generator><meta content=origin name=referrer><meta content=origin-when-crossorigin name=referrer><meta content=origin-when-cross-origin name=referrer><meta content=telephone=no name=format-detection><meta content="Cardiac index - Wikipedia"property=og:title><meta content=website property=og:type><link media="only screen and (max-width: 720px)"href=//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_index rel=alternate><link title="Edit this page"href=/w/index.php?title=Cardiac_index&action=edit rel=alternate type=application/x-wiki><link href=/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png rel=apple-touch-icon><link rel="shortcut icon"href=/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico><link title="Wikipedia (en)"href=/w/opensearch_desc.php rel=search type=application/opensearchdescription+xml><link href=//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd rel=EditURI type=application/rsd+xml><link href=https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ rel=license><link href=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_index rel=canonical><link href=//meta.wikimedia.org rel=dns-prefetch><link href=//login.wikimedia.org rel=dns-prefetch><body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Cardiac_index rootpage-Cardiac_index skin-vector action-view skin-vector-legacy"><div class=noprint id=mw-page-base></div><div class=noprint id=mw-head-base></div><div class=mw-body id=content role=main><a id=top> </a><div id=siteNotice></div><div class=mw-indicators></div><h1 class=firstHeading id=firstHeading>Cardiac index</h1><div class=vector-body id=bodyContent><div class=noprint id=siteSub>From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div><div id=contentSub></div><div id=contentSub2></div><div id=jump-to-nav></div><a class=mw-jump-link href=#mw-head> Jump to navigation </a><a class=mw-jump-link href=#searchInput> Jump to search </a><div class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr"dir=ltr id=mw-content-text lang=en><div class=mw-parser-output><p><b> Cardiac index </b> ( <b> CI </b> ) is a <a class=mw-redirect href=/wiki/Haemodynamic title=Haemodynamic> haemodynamic </a> parameter that relates the <a title="Cardiac output"href=/wiki/Cardiac_output> cardiac output </a> (CO) from <a title="Left ventricle"class=mw-redirect href=/wiki/Left_ventricle> left ventricle </a> in one minute to <a title="Body surface area"href=/wiki/Body_surface_area> body surface area </a> (BSA), <sup class=reference id=cite_ref-urlCardiac_Catheterization:_Cardiovascular_Tests_and_Procedures:_Merck_Manual_Professional_1-0> <a href=#cite_note-urlCardiac_Catheterization:_Cardiovascular_Tests_and_Procedures:_Merck_Manual_Professional-1> [1] </a> </sup> thus relating heart performance to the size of the individual. The unit of measurement is <a href=/wiki/Litre title=Litre> litres </a> per <a href=/wiki/Minute title=Minute> minute </a> per square metre (L/min/m <sup> 2 </sup> ).<div aria-labelledby=mw-toc-heading class=toc id=toc role=navigation><input class=toctogglecheckbox id=toctogglecheckbox role=button style=display:none type=checkbox><div class=toctitle dir=ltr lang=en><h2 id=mw-toc-heading>Contents</h2><span class=toctogglespan> <label class=toctogglelabel for=toctogglecheckbox></label> </span></div><ul><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href=#Calculation> <span class=tocnumber> 1 </span> <span class=toctext> Calculation </span> </a><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href=#Clinical_significance> <span class=tocnumber> 2 </span> <span class=toctext> Clinical significance </span> </a><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href=#References> <span class=tocnumber> 3 </span> <span class=toctext> References </span> </a></ul></div><h2><span class=mw-headline id=Calculation> Calculation </span> <span class=mw-editsection> <span class=mw-editsection-bracket> [ </span> <a title="Edit section: Calculation"href=/w/index.php?title=Cardiac_index&action=edit&section=1> edit </a> <span class=mw-editsection-bracket> ] </span> </span></h2><p>The index is usually calculated using the following formula: <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact"style=white-space:nowrap;> [ <i> <a title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"href=/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed> <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)"> citation needed </span> </a> </i> ] </sup><dl><dd><span class=mwe-math-element> <span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y"style="display: none;"> <math alttext="{\displaystyle {\text{CI}}={\frac {\text{CO}}{\text{BSA}}}={\frac {{\text{SV}}\times {\text{HR}}}{\text{BSA}}}}"xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML> <semantics> <mrow class=MJX-TeXAtom-ORD> <mstyle displaystyle=true scriptlevel=0> <mrow class=MJX-TeXAtom-ORD> <mtext> CI </mtext> </mrow> <mo> = </mo> <mrow class=MJX-TeXAtom-ORD> <mfrac> <mtext> CO </mtext> <mtext> BSA </mtext> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo> = </mo> <mrow class=MJX-TeXAtom-ORD> <mfrac> <mrow> <mrow class=MJX-TeXAtom-ORD> <mtext> SV </mtext> </mrow> <mo> ×  </mo> <mrow class=MJX-TeXAtom-ORD> <mtext> HR </mtext> </mrow> </mrow> <mtext> BSA </mtext> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding=application/x-tex> {\displaystyle {\text{CI}}={\frac {\text{CO}}{\text{BSA}}}={\frac {{\text{SV}}\times {\text{HR}}}{\text{BSA}}}} </annotation> </semantics> </math> </span> <img alt="{\text{CI}}={\frac  {{\text{CO}}}{{\text{BSA}}}}={\frac  {{\text{SV}}\times {\text{HR}}}{{\text{BSA}}}}"style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; width:24.398ex; height:5.509ex;"aria-hidden=true class=mwe-math-fallback-image-inline src=https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/013ca28b8ae799d0bb4295e84cee54f063cf246c> </span></dl><p>where<dl><dt>CI<dd>Cardiac index<dt>BSA<dd><a title="Body surface area"href=/wiki/Body_surface_area> Body surface area </a><dt>SV<dd><a title="Stroke volume"href=/wiki/Stroke_volume> Stroke volume </a><dt>HR<dd><a title="Heart rate"href=/wiki/Heart_rate> Heart rate </a><dt>CO<dd><a title="Cardiac output"href=/wiki/Cardiac_output> Cardiac output </a></dl><h2><span class=mw-headline id=Clinical_significance> Clinical significance </span> <span class=mw-editsection> <span class=mw-editsection-bracket> [ </span> <a title="Edit section: Clinical significance"href=/w/index.php?title=Cardiac_index&action=edit&section=2> edit </a> <span class=mw-editsection-bracket> ] </span> </span></h2><p>The normal range of cardiac index at rest is 2.6–4.2 L/min/m <sup> 2 </sup> .<p>The cardiac index is frequently measured and used in both <a title="Intensive care medicine"href=/wiki/Intensive_care_medicine> intensive care medicine </a> and <a title="Coronary care unit"href=/wiki/Coronary_care_unit> cardiac intensive care </a> . The CI is a useful marker of how well the heart is functioning as a pump by directly correlating the volume of blood pumped by the heart with an individual's body surface area. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact"style=white-space:nowrap;> [ <i> <a title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"href=/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed> <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)"> citation needed </span> </a> </i> ] </sup><p>If the CI falls acutely below 2.2 L/min/m <sup> 2 </sup> , the patient may be in <a title="Cardiogenic shock"href=/wiki/Cardiogenic_shock> cardiogenic shock </a> . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact"style=white-space:nowrap;> [ <i> <a title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"href=/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed> <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)"> citation needed </span> </a> </i> ] </sup><h2><span class=mw-headline id=References> References </span> <span class=mw-editsection> <span class=mw-editsection-bracket> [ </span> <a title="Edit section: References"href=/w/index.php?title=Cardiac_index&action=edit&section=3> edit </a> <span class=mw-editsection-bracket> ] </span> </span></h2><style data-mw-deduplicate=TemplateStyles:r1011085734>.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class=reflist><div class=mw-references-wrap><ol class=references><li id=cite_note-urlCardiac_Catheterization:_Cardiovascular_Tests_and_Procedures:_Merck_Manual_Professional-1><span class=mw-cite-backlink> <b> <a href=#cite_ref-urlCardiac_Catheterization:_Cardiovascular_Tests_and_Procedures:_Merck_Manual_Professional_1-0> ^ </a> </b> </span> <span class=reference-text> <style data-mw-deduplicate=TemplateStyles:r999302996>.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style> <cite class="citation web cs1"> <a class="external text"href=http://www.merck.com/mmpe/sec07/ch070/ch070b.html rel=nofollow> "Cardiac Catheterization: Cardiovascular Tests and Procedures: Merck Manual Professional" </a> <span class=reference-accessdate> . Retrieved <span class=nowrap> 2009-03-06 </span> </span> . </cite> <span class=Z3988 title=ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cardiac+Catheterization%3A+Cardiovascular+Tests+and+Procedures%3A+Merck+Manual+Professional&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merck.com%2Fmmpe%2Fsec07%2Fch070%2Fch070b.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACardiac+index> </span> </span></ol></div></div><div aria-labelledby=Physiology_of_the_cardiovascular_system class=navbox role=navigation style=padding:3px><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner"style=border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit><tbody><tr><th class=navbox-title colspan=2 scope=col><style data-mw-deduplicate=TemplateStyles:r992953826>.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style> <div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class=nv-view><a title="Template:Cardiovascular physiology"href=/wiki/Template:Cardiovascular_physiology> <abbr style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;;text-decoration:inherit;"title="View this template"> v </abbr> </a><li class=nv-talk><a title="Template talk:Cardiovascular physiology"href=/wiki/Template_talk:Cardiovascular_physiology> <abbr style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;;text-decoration:inherit;"title="Discuss this template"> t </abbr> </a><li class=nv-edit><a class="external text"href=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Cardiovascular_physiology&action=edit> <abbr style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;;text-decoration:inherit;"title="Edit this template"> e </abbr> </a></ul></div> <div style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"id=Physiology_of_the_cardiovascular_system><a title="Cardiovascular physiology"href=/wiki/Cardiovascular_physiology> Physiology of the cardiovascular system </a></div><tr><th class=navbox-group scope=row style=width:1%><a href=/wiki/Heart title=Heart> Heart </a><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist"style=text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div> <table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup"style=border-spacing:0><tbody><tr><th class=navbox-group scope=row style=width:1%><a title="Cardiac output"href=/wiki/Cardiac_output> Cardiac output </a><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"style=text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><ul><li><a title="Cardiac cycle"href=/wiki/Cardiac_cycle> Cardiac cycle </a><li><a title="Cardiac output"href=/wiki/Cardiac_output> Cardiac output </a> <ul><li><a title="Heart rate"href=/wiki/Heart_rate> Heart rate </a><li><a title="Stroke volume"href=/wiki/Stroke_volume> Stroke volume </a></ul><li><a title="Stroke volume"href=/wiki/Stroke_volume> Stroke volume </a> <ul><li><a title="End-diastolic volume"href=/wiki/End-diastolic_volume> End-diastolic volume </a><li><a title="End-systolic volume"href=/wiki/End-systolic_volume> End-systolic volume </a></ul><li><a href=/wiki/Afterload title=Afterload> Afterload </a><li><a title="Preload (cardiology)"href=/wiki/Preload_(cardiology)> Preload </a><li><a title="Frank–Starling law"href=/wiki/Frank%E2%80%93Starling_law> Frank–Starling law </a><li><a title="Cardiac function curve"href=/wiki/Cardiac_function_curve> Cardiac function curve </a><li><a title="Venous return curve"href=/wiki/Venous_return_curve> Venous return curve </a><li><a title="Wiggers diagram"href=/wiki/Wiggers_diagram> Wiggers diagram </a><li><a title="Pressure volume diagram"class=mw-redirect href=/wiki/Pressure_volume_diagram> Pressure volume diagram </a></ul></div><tr><th class=navbox-group scope=row style=width:1%><a href=/wiki/Echocardiography title=Echocardiography> Ultrasound </a><td class="navbox-list navbox-even"style=text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><ul><li><a title="Ventricle (heart)"href=/wiki/Ventricle_(heart)#Dimensions> Fractional shortening </a> = ( <a title="End-diastolic dimension"class=mw-redirect href=/wiki/End-diastolic_dimension> End-diastolic dimension </a><li><a title="End-systolic dimension"class=mw-redirect href=/wiki/End-systolic_dimension> End-systolic dimension </a> ) / End-diastolic dimension<li><a title="Aortic valve area calculation"href=/wiki/Aortic_valve_area_calculation> Aortic valve area calculation </a><li><a title="Ejection fraction"href=/wiki/Ejection_fraction> Ejection fraction </a><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink"> Cardiac index </a><li><a title="Left atrial volume"href=/wiki/Left_atrial_volume> Left atrial volume </a></ul></div><tr><th class=navbox-group scope=row style=width:1%><a title="Heart rate"href=/wiki/Heart_rate> Heart rate </a><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"style=text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><ul><li><a title="Cardiac pacemaker"href=/wiki/Cardiac_pacemaker> Cardiac pacemaker </a><li><a href=/wiki/Chronotropic title=Chronotropic> Chronotropic </a> ( <a title="Heart rate"href=/wiki/Heart_rate> Heart rate </a> )<li><a href=/wiki/Dromotropic title=Dromotropic> Dromotropic </a> ( <a title="Nerve conduction velocity"href=/wiki/Nerve_conduction_velocity> Conduction velocity </a> )<li><a href=/wiki/Inotrope title=Inotrope> Inotropic </a> (Contractility)<li><a href=/wiki/Bathmotropic title=Bathmotropic> Bathmotropic </a> (Excitability)<li><a href=/wiki/Lusitropy title=Lusitropy> Lusitropic </a> (Relaxation)</ul></div><tr><th class=navbox-group scope=row style=width:1%>Conduction<td class="navbox-list navbox-even"style=text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><ul><li><a title="Electrical conduction system of the heart"href=/wiki/Electrical_conduction_system_of_the_heart> Conduction system </a><li><a title="Cardiac electrophysiology"href=/wiki/Cardiac_electrophysiology> Cardiac electrophysiology </a><li>Action potential <ul><li><a title="Cardiac action potential"href=/wiki/Cardiac_action_potential> cardiac </a><li><a title="Atrial action potential"href=/wiki/Atrial_action_potential> atrial </a><li><a title="Ventricular action potential"href=/wiki/Ventricular_action_potential> ventricular </a></ul><li><a title="Effective refractory period"href=/wiki/Effective_refractory_period> Effective refractory period </a><li><a title="Pacemaker potential"href=/wiki/Pacemaker_potential> Pacemaker potential </a><li><a href=/wiki/Electrocardiography title=Electrocardiography> Electrocardiography </a> <ul><li><a title="P wave (electrocardiography)"href=/wiki/P_wave_(electrocardiography)> P wave </a><li><a title="PR interval"href=/wiki/PR_interval> PR interval </a><li><a title="QRS complex"href=/wiki/QRS_complex> QRS complex </a><li><a title="QT interval"href=/wiki/QT_interval> QT interval </a><li><a title="ST segment"href=/wiki/ST_segment> ST segment </a><li><a title="T wave"href=/wiki/T_wave> T wave </a><li><a title="U wave"href=/wiki/U_wave> U wave </a></ul><li><a title="Hexaxial reference system"href=/wiki/Hexaxial_reference_system> Hexaxial reference system </a></ul></div><tr><th class=navbox-group scope=row style=width:1%>Chamber pressure<td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"style=text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><ul><li><a title="Central venous pressure"href=/wiki/Central_venous_pressure> Central venous </a><li>Right <ul><li><a title="Right atrial pressure"href=/wiki/Right_atrial_pressure> atrial </a><li><a title="Right ventricular pressure"class=mw-redirect href=/wiki/Right_ventricular_pressure> ventricular </a></ul><li><a title="Pulmonary artery pressure"class=mw-redirect href=/wiki/Pulmonary_artery_pressure> pulmonary artery </a> <ul><li><a title="Pulmonary wedge pressure"href=/wiki/Pulmonary_wedge_pressure> wedge </a></ul><li>Left <ul><li><a title="Pulmonary wedge pressure"href=/wiki/Pulmonary_wedge_pressure> atrial </a><li><a title="Left ventricular pressure"class=mw-redirect href=/wiki/Left_ventricular_pressure> ventricular </a></ul><li><a title="Aortic pressure"href=/wiki/Aortic_pressure> Aortic </a></ul></div><tr><th class=navbox-group scope=row style=width:1%>Other<td class="navbox-list navbox-even"style=text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><ul><li><a title="Ventricular remodeling"href=/wiki/Ventricular_remodeling> Ventricular remodeling </a></ul></div></table> <div></div><tr><th class=navbox-group scope=row style=width:1%><a title="Circulatory system"href=/wiki/Circulatory_system> Vascular system </a> / <br> <a href=/wiki/Hemodynamics title=Hemodynamics> Hemodynamics </a><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist"style=text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div> <table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup"style=border-spacing:0><tbody><tr><th class=navbox-group scope=row style=width:1%><a href=/wiki/Hemodynamics title=Hemodynamics> Blood flow </a><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"style=text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><ul><li><a title="Compliance (physiology)"href=/wiki/Compliance_(physiology)> Compliance </a><li><a title="Vascular resistance"href=/wiki/Vascular_resistance> Vascular resistance </a><li><a href=/wiki/Pulse title=Pulse> Pulse </a><li><a href=/wiki/Perfusion title=Perfusion> Perfusion </a></ul></div><tr><th class=navbox-group scope=row style=width:1%><a title="Blood pressure"href=/wiki/Blood_pressure> Blood pressure </a><td class="navbox-list navbox-even"style=text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><ul><li><a title="Pulse pressure"href=/wiki/Pulse_pressure> Pulse pressure </a> <ul><li><a href=/wiki/Systole title=Systole> Systolic </a><li><a href=/wiki/Diastole title=Diastole> Diastolic </a></ul><li><a title="Mean arterial pressure"href=/wiki/Mean_arterial_pressure> Mean arterial pressure </a><li><a title="Jugular venous pressure"href=/wiki/Jugular_venous_pressure> Jugular venous pressure </a><li><a title="Portal venous pressure"href=/wiki/Portal_venous_pressure> Portal venous pressure </a><li><a title="Critical closing pressure"href=/wiki/Critical_closing_pressure> Critical closing pressure </a></ul></div><tr><th class=navbox-group scope=row style=width:1%><a title="Cardiovascular physiology"href=/wiki/Cardiovascular_physiology#Regulation_of_blood_pressure> Regulation of BP </a><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"style=text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><ul><li><a href=/wiki/Baroreflex title=Baroreflex> Baroreflex </a><li><a title="Kinin–kallikrein system"href=/wiki/Kinin%E2%80%93kallikrein_system> Kinin–kallikrein system </a><li><a title="Renin–angiotensin system"href=/wiki/Renin%E2%80%93angiotensin_system> Renin–angiotensin system </a><li><a href=/wiki/Vasoconstriction title=Vasoconstriction> Vasoconstrictors </a><li><a href=/wiki/Vasodilation title=Vasodilation> Vasodilators </a><li><a href=/wiki/Autoregulation title=Autoregulation> Autoregulation </a> <ul><li><a title="Myogenic mechanism"href=/wiki/Myogenic_mechanism> Myogenic mechanism </a><li><a title="Tubuloglomerular feedback"href=/wiki/Tubuloglomerular_feedback> Tubuloglomerular feedback </a><li><a title="Cerebral autoregulation"href=/wiki/Cerebral_autoregulation> Cerebral autoregulation </a></ul><li><a href=/wiki/Paraganglion 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