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why are some people are more prone to insect bites?

I don't know about other bugs but mosquitoes have a preference for type O blood. CO2 also attracts them, and pregnant women exhale more CO2. Also alcohol (as little as 12 ounces of beer) seems to increase their attraction to you; possibly because it raises your body temperature.

Human interactions with insects Human interactions with insects include both a wide variety of uses, whether practical such as for food, textiles, and dyestuffs, or symbolic, as in art, music, and literature, and negative interactions including serious damage to crops and extensive efforts to eliminate insect pests. Academically, the interaction of insects and society has been treated in part as cultural entomology, dealing mostly with "advanced" societies, and in part as ethnoentomology, dealing mostly with "primitive" societies, though the distinction is weak and not based on theory. Both academic disciplines explore the parallels, connections and influence of insects on human

Why are timeshares considered a scam?

You basically "Own" a part of a property and you only get to use it a few weeks a year, yet you pay property taxes, upkeep costs and "Association Dues" year round. Most people don't want to spend all their vacations at the same place every year, but if you have a time-share, you're wasting money if you don't use it.

deduction. Of course, the danger lies in claiming that your timeshare is worth more than the true market value, i.e. resale value. According to the IRS, “Fair market value is the price at which property would change hands between a willing buyer and a willing seller, neither having to buy or sell, and both having reasonable knowledge of all the relevant facts.” In the depressed timeshare resale market, timeshares are worth far less than what people think they are worth. If you claim your timeshare is worth more than true market value, you could become vulnerable to an IRS audit

What would happen if there was absolutely no US involvement (i.e. provision of weapons, logistics, drones, etc) in the Middle East?

the IS would take over. creating a bigger "nation" that's hostile towards US relations. puts israel and our trade partners in the middle east at risk. a middle of the road country is open to trade as long as such a trade agreement does't cause problems with its neighbor. if ISIS is their neighbor, they're less open to agreeing to trade with the enemy of ISIS.

the Middle East do not reveal a clearly devised strategy or objectives. Activities The group focused mainly on bomb attacks and extortion attempts targeting American and British civilian and economic interests in Lebanon, at times claiming that its actions were either carried out in protest for US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger's 1974 diplomatic Middle Eastern Tour or to force British-owned Lebanese companies to distribute freely large amounts of food to impoverished local families. It is still unclear who financed and armed the ACO though the most likely suspect at the time would have been the Palestinians (either the

What does the "strength" of an earthquake acutally mean?

As you may know, an earthquake occurs when two slabs of rock move relative to one another over a surface called a "fault". Moment magnitude is simply the product of the area of the fault ruptured, the relative movement across the fault, and the stiffness of the rock (called the shear modulus). It is closely related to the energy released in the earthquake, but the relation is not trivial. The moment magnitude does not take into account any other factors, so ignores the depth, duration, size of area affected, and so on. The moment magnitude is an important quantity in academia because it is directly related to the fault rupture itself. However, it is not of huge benefit for working out impacts because other parameters like proximity to population centres, building quality, depth and surface geology (the waves that cause the damage are surface waves that only represent a tiny fraction of the total earthquake energy, and these waves can be amplified or suppressed depending on the geology at the surface) are a lot more important than the moment magnitude. You may be interested in the USGS's [PAGER program](_URL_0_) which tries to take these factors into account to estimate the economic and humanitarian impact of earthquakes when they happen.

an earthquake's strength on the moment magnitude scale, which is based on the actual energy released by an earthquake. Frequency of occurrence It is estimated that around 500,000 earthquakes occur each year, detectable with current instrumentation. About 100,000 of these can be felt. Minor earthquakes occur nearly constantly around the world in places like California and Alaska in the U.S., as well as in El Salvador, Mexico, Guatemala, Chile, Peru, Indonesia, Iran, Pakistan, the Azores in Portugal, Turkey, New Zealand, Greece, Italy, India, Nepal and Japan, but earthquakes can occur almost anywhere, including Downstate New York, England, and Australia. Larger

How does the air-pressure sensor in rotating car tires report the pressure to the stationary chassis?

There are direct and indirect systems. Direct systems have some sort of sensor in the tires that measure the air pressure, and use wireless communications to feed that data to the car's computer. Indirect systems don't measure the pressure directly, but sensors on the rest of the car (like the suspension system) measure different variables on how the car is riding, and then a computer on the car tries to interpolate tire pressure. Generally the car has to be driven for a little while (on what are assumed to be properly inflated tires) and it creates a sort of baseline profile of how the car rides. Over time, if the sensors measure significant changes from that baseline, then that's a clue that something might be up with the tires. Direct systems are much more accurate, but require sensors (with a power source (battery)) to be located in each tire, which can be a significant maintenance issue. The indirect systems can't give you an actual measurement of pressure in each tire, but can usually detect when a tire gets low enough to be a serious issue.

8.3 bar). Most heavy vehicles have a gauge within the driver's view, indicating the availability of air pressure for safe vehicle operation, often including warning tones or lights. A mechanical "wig wag" that automatically drops down into the driver's field of vision when the pressure drops below a certain point is also common. Setting of the parking/emergency brake releases the pressurized air in the lines between the compressed air storage tank and the brakes, thus allowing the spring actuated parking brake to engage. A sudden loss of air pressure would result in full spring brake pressure immediately. A compressed air brake

the Hypergraph

A hypergraph is a collection of nodes and edges as a standard graph is, but this time, the edges don't have to be between just two nodes. Edges in a hypergraph can contain an arbitrary number of nodes. That is all that is going on. While hypergraphs can be useful in theory, in practice I'm not aware of anyone actually using them. You can turn a hypergraph into a graph pretty easily by just replacing each hyperedge with a clique, and now you've got something that is easy to perform typical algorithms on.

Hypergraph In mathematics, a hypergraph is a generalization of a graph in which an edge can join any number of vertices. Formally, a hypergraph is a pair where is a set of elements called nodes or vertices, and is a set of non-empty subsets of called hyperedges or edges. Therefore, is a subset of , where is the power set of . The size of vertex set is called the order of the hypergraph, and the size of edges set is the size of the hypergraph. While graph edges are 2-element subsets of

Explain to me how stocks work, what makes the price go up/down?

Also, you can think about companies like cows, and buying stock like buying part of a cow (and buying part not in the sense of the tail of the hooves, but owning a certain portion of the money the cow generates). The cow can make you money in two ways: 1) Whenever the cow is milked the owners of the cow can give you some of the money they get by selling the milk (this money is called dividends). alternatively, the rancher can choose to use some, or even all, of that money to improve the value of the cow, maybe by feeding the cow better food or having a veterinarian give it a check up (retained earnings). You may be okay with not getting even of the milk money if you trust the rancher to use that money wisely to increase the value of the cow (Apple's cow is worth a TON of money despite the fact that, until recently, they never paid out any of their milk money to investors). 2) At some point the cow can be sold (the company can be bought out) and you will be payed based on what percentage of the cow you own. Even if the whole cow is not sold, you can sell your portion of the cow to someone else if you want. The value of the cow, and therefore your portion of the cow is decided by a couple things. First, the basic attributes of the cow are important. Is it a healthy cow? Does it produce a lot of milk? Does it produce good milk that people like to drink? Is it likely to grow in the future? How does it compare to other cows that are similar to it? These kind of things are the cow's (or company's) fundamentals. In a perfect world, the price of the cow would perfectly reflect everything that you, or anyone else knows about the cow. Second, what people think about your cow, and cows in general affects the price of the cow. Is there a mad cow scare brewing? Is veganism in fashion? Or on the positive end maybe you're expecting a hot summer where a lot more people than usual will want to barbeque hamburgers, or maybe you know of a new beef-based diet that you think will become all the rage and expect the value of your cow to increase. These kinds of things are the "behavioral" aspects of the price of your cow (or stock) and are important too, but much harder to see or measure.

increase in price will do the opposite. This works well for most assets but it often works in reverse for stocks due to the mistake many investors make of buying high in a state of euphoria and selling low in a state of fear or panic as a result of the herding instinct. In case an increase in price causes an increase in demand, or a decrease in price causes an increase in supply, this destroys the expected negative feedback loop and prices will be unstable. This can be seen in a bubble or crash.

Where do bugs go in the winter time?

Depends on the species. 1. They hibernate - like lady bugs in the leaf litter, or female queen bumblebees in the soil. 2. They migrate south - like monarch butterflies 3. The adults die, but leave their eggs/larvae in a safe space to "hibernate" over winter and their offspring hatch/emerge in the spring - like crickets 4. A small number carry on as usual even in the very cold - like mites and spiders

flea beetles emerging in spring from hibernation depends on the severity of winter temperatures. Warm winter temperatures favor the survival of flea beetle vectors and increase the risk of Stewart’s disease. The numbers of emerging adults can be estimated by calculating a winter temperature index by averaging the mean temperatures (expressed in °F) for December, January, and February. If the sum of the mean temperatures is 90 °F or greater, the beetles will survive in high numbers and the disease risk is high; if the sum is between 85° and 90°, the risk is moderate to high; 80° to 85°,

Mars Time

Mars spins slightly slower than the earth. A day on Mars is called a *Sol* and lasts 1^d 0^h 37^m 22.663^s , [NASA adjusts their timekeeping accordingly](_URL_0_).

Timekeeping on Mars Various schemes have been used or proposed for timekeeping on the planet Mars independently of Earth time and calendars. Mars has an axial tilt and a rotation period similar to those of Earth. Thus, it experiences seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter much like Earth, and its day is about the same length. Its year is almost twice as long as Earth's, and its orbital eccentricity is considerably larger, which means among other things that the lengths of various Martian seasons differ considerably, and sundial time can diverge from clock time more than on Earth. The length

or[5] Electronic Tablets/E-books.

Sounds like you should look at the [Nexus 7.](_URL_1_) Good size for portability, amazing price and three different storage capacities (8GB, 16GB, 32GB), lots of free apps, and it starts at $199. There are plans for an even cheaper $100 8GB version in the future, but that is unconfirmed for now. If that's too small, maybe look at the [Nexus 10.](_URL_0_)

a built-in app for e-book reading called iBooks and had the iBookstore for content sales and delivery. The iPad, the first commercially profitable tablet, was followed in 2011 by the release of the first Android-based tablets as well as LCD tablet versions of the Nook and Kindle. Unlike previous dedicated e-readers, tablet computers are multi-functional, utilize LCD touchscreen displays, and are more agnostic to e-book vendor apps, allowing for installation of multiple e-book reading apps. Many Android tablets accept external media and allow uploading files directly onto the tablet's file system without resorting to online stores or cloud services. Many

How does an electron microscope work and can it be used on living tissue?

An electron microscope works by passing electrons across the object that it's scanning. Basically, the object is coated with a heavy metal, and the electrons that bounce off get recorded, and it gets put into a computerized image that gets manually colored for effect. Electron microscopes require the object to be placed in a vaccuum, so no, it cannot be used on living objects. Source: Bio student

microscopy (EM) is a focused area of science that uses the electron microscope as a tool for viewing tissues. Electron microscopy has a magnification level up to 2 million times, whereas light microscopy only has a magnification up to 1000-2000 times. There are two types of electron microscopes, the transmission electron microscope and the scanning electron microscope. Electron microscopy is a common method that uses the immunolabeling technique to view tagged tissues or cells. The electron microscope method follows many of the same concepts as immunolabeling for light microscopy, where the particular antibody is able to recognize the location of the

What's so bad about Detroit?

Poverty Jobs left the city at an ever accelerating pace over the past few years and this has led to lower and lower incomes and, consequently, higher crime and lower property values. As it gets worse fewer companies would think of moving in and bringing back jobs and the situation worsens and worsens. Their economy was heavily reliant on manufacturing and that is the way of the past for this country as factories move to the employer friendly south.

Pretext for founding In the 20th century, Detroit was considered an example for technological advancement thanks to the automobile industry. However, due to economic decline, the city is no longer a standard for modernization and is currently an example of urban decay. Detroit’s decline is well documented: the city entered a recession prior to the U.S. financial crisis of 2008, posting deficits of up to $150 million dollars annually starting in 2005. This debt has resulted in increased crime and poverty rates, and a rapidly decreasing population due to white flight. Detroit is still in crisis today. Detroit has

Why can't multi-billion dollar companies have less profit and pay their employees more without wrecking the economy.

they could. but what would be the benefit to the owners of the company by having less profit? what would be the benefit to shareholders who are looking for the company to maximize profits?

is limited by the power elite. Companies like Apple and Nike outsource jobs overseas so they can have cheaper labor to make their products and keep from raising prices in the States. The deliberate reduction of permanent employees in an effort to provide an organization more efficient operations and to cut costs. Large firms like IBM, AT&T, and GM are reducing their heavily middle class workforce by 10 to 20 percent because of the advancement of technology and the closing of work facilities. Downsizing has grown significantly in the States due to the rising debt has forced companies to downsize so

Why do animals eyes light up in certain colours when shone at with a torch/light?

Many especialy night active animals have a layer of reflective tissue behind the light sensing cells at the back of the eye. That allows them to caputer more light in their light sensing cells. Additionaly that makes the eyes act as a retroreflector (meaning they will reflect light back paralell to the incomming light) like in the bottom image here: _URL_0_ . The color comes from the tissue that surrounds the lightsensing cells absorbing some of the light.

scotopic vision. For the same reason, zoo displays of nocturnal animals often are illuminated with red light. History The effect was discovered in 1819 by Jan Evangelista Purkyně. Purkyně was a polymath who would often meditate at dawn during long walks in the blossomed Bohemian fields. Purkyně noticed that his favorite flowers appeared bright red on a sunny afternoon, while at dawn they looked very dark. He reasoned that the eye has not one but two systems adapted to see colors, one for bright overall light intensity, and the other for dusk and dawn. Purkyně wrote in his Neue Beiträge: Objectively, the degree

What causes a stye or an Internal stye?

It is usually caused by a staph infection, and can be treated by putting a warm compress on it around four times a day and just leaving it alone. Let it resolve on its own and just take painkillers, or if it is very painful seek medical care.

Angular cheilitis Signs and symptoms Angular cheilitis is a fairly non specific term which describes the presence of an inflammatory lesion in a particular anatomic site (i.e. the corner of the mouth). As there are different possible causes and contributing factors from one person to the next, the appearance of the lesion is somewhat variable. The lesions are more commonly symmetrically present on both sides of the mouth, but sometimes only one side may be affected. In some cases, the lesion may be confined to the mucosa of the lips, and in other cases the lesion may extend past the

How come we can land probes on comets and send satellites around the galaxy, but we can't put a high resolution color camera on these devices?

We could now. But this probe was launched 10 years ago, and was designed and built mostly during the 90s.

highly precise remote landing operations. By immediately returning a 3D elevation mesh of target landscapes, a flash sensor can be used to identify optimal landing zones in autonomous spacecraft landing scenarios. Seeing at a distance requires a powerful burst of light. The power is limited to levels that do not damage human retinas. Wavelengths must not affect human eyes. However, low-cost silicon imagers do not read light in the eye-safe spectrum. Instead, gallium-arsenide imagers are required, which can boost costs to $200,000. Gallium-arsenide is the same mineral used to produce solar panels in China. Phased arrays A phased array can illuminate

Why some credit card transactions require a billing address and some only require a zipcode?

CVV codes are not mandatory, it is up to the person/company as to whether or not they want to require it or not. In some cases their Merchant provider will offer cheaper rates on transaction when CVV is used, as it leads to less fraud however some retailers choose not to do that. Many merchants still refuse to include a security code field in their online checkout forms, because they believe that doing so may confuse some of their customers or otherwise put them off and lead to lost sales. It's also a violation of PCI compliance to store CVV numbers, which helps reduce fraud but since the CVV can't be stored it means that the buyer has to have their card with them at time of purchase (again that is good in terms of anti-fraud), but some companies do believe that can hurt sales.

on the way a merchant will be accepting a majority of their credit cards. For example, for an Internet merchant, the Internet interchange categories will be defined as qualified, while for a physical retailer only transactions swiped through or read by their terminal in an ordinary manner will be defined as qualified. Six-tier pricing As a result of the Walmart Settlement and to compete against PIN-based debit cards (which are processed outside of the Visa and MasterCard networks), Visa and MasterCard lowered the interchange rates for debit cards well below those for credit cards. Some providers can pass on

How do gradients work in tatoos

Hi there i tattoo and its exactly how they said. The needles dont need to penetrate too deep and the more times you go over it the darker it becomes you want to go from lightest to dark. You cant take dark back. We water down the black in different amounts or whatever colors and just like water color painting we blend in the shading/colors. White is not the proper way to do a greyscale tattoo. White is meant for accenting and highlighting. Multiple needles at different sizes are also key to this process with the right amount of voltage and speed, and plenty of lubrication for the skin to not be damaged.

Inline caching Inline caching is an optimization technique employed by some language runtimes, and first developed for Smalltalk. The goal of inline caching is to speed up runtime method binding by remembering the results of a previous method lookup directly at the call site. Inline caching is especially useful for dynamically typed languages where most if not all method binding happens at runtime and where virtual method tables often cannot be used. Runtime method binding The following ECMAScript function receives an object, invokes its toString-method and displays the results on the page the script is embedded in. function dump(obj) {

How did the russian revolution start?

The Russian Revolution is actually two revolutions, the February revolution and the October revolution (Stalin, btw, was involved in neither). During World War 1, in February 1917, a bunch of workers in Russia started a strike, and basically everybody ended up joining it, including the army and eventually some key figures of the Czar's government. They forced the Czar to step down and give power to the Provisional Government, that was supposed to organize free elections, but ended up being removed from power in November by a group of Bolsheviks, lead by Lenin and Trotsky. The basic reasons were that the Russians were losing WW1, and that there was a lot of poverty and hunger. Also, the Czar was very unpopular because he taxed heavily and was very dictatorial. It turned out that the Provisional Government really didn't do that much better, so that gave Lenin the chance he took to get some support for this second revolution.

Russian Revolution Background The Russian Revolution of 1905 was said to be a major factor contributing to the cause of the Revolutions of 1917. The events of Bloody Sunday triggered nationwide protests and soldier mutinies. A council of workers called the St. Petersburg Soviet was created in this chaos. While the 1905 Revolution was ultimately crushed, and the leaders of the St. Petersburg Soviet were arrested, this laid the groundwork for the later Petrograd Soviet and other revolutionary movements during the lead up to 1917. The 1905 Revolution also led to the creation of a Duma (parliament), that would later

How do the water intake on this nuclear plant work? And how this guy managed to go from the inlet to the outlet without a scratch?

Nuclear engineer here. He was sucked from he ocean to the intake bay. At the far end of the intake bay is where the pumps push water through the plant. The intake bay water level is at a slightly lower elevation than the ocean, which created the pressure that sucked him through. He didn't pass through any pumps or the plant, just an intake pump to the bay.

A secondary loop of water which enters the tube side of the condenser is non-radioactive. It flows to two large cooling towers which stand 400 feet tall where the hot water is cooled by natural circulation with ambient air. This is a closed loop with only a small amount of make-up water needed from Lake Erie to replace any evaporation. Two 345 kV lines send power to the customers. Those same lines are used to supply electricity to the site's safety equipment. Three additional 120 kV lines are also available to supply any needed back-up power to safety equipment. Additionally, four

How do the mammals of the ocean hydrate themselves.

They have awesome kidneys. The kidneys are able to filter the water to hydrate the body and remove the salt. Human kidneys are not so awesome.

They obtain nutrients through the flow of water across their cells, and they exchange gases by simple diffusion across their cell membranes. Pores called ostia draw water into the sponge and the water is subsequently circulated through the sponge by cells called choanocytes which have hair-like structures that move the water through the sponge. The cnidarians include corals, sea anemones, jellyfish and hydras. These animals are always found in aquatic environments, ranging from fresh water to salt water. They do not have any dedicated respiratory organs; instead, every cell in their body can absorb oxygen from the surrounding water, and release

"PTSD is a cultural product" what does that mean?

If I understand this correctly, what its saying is that PTSD only exists as a recognised disorder because of the ability we have to study it. It never used to be recognised. In wars, for example, people would get it and be labelled as cowards, because it wasn't understood what the sufferers were going through. I think its similar to our modern day view of depression. Maybe back in the day, depressed people were seen as someone who just needs to harden up, a bit of a downer all the time. Now, though, we realise its a proper disorder that the patient can't control, as opposed to a voluntary sadness. In the same way, now that we have studying PTSD and its effects, we can recognise it as a disorder, not just someone being anxious and touchy and aggressive.

a psychological stress disorder that involves the experience of strong emotional reactions due to traumatic events in an individual's past. PTSD is almost always a result of a traumatic experience. Certain triggers, such as images, sounds, or other significant sensory details associated with the experience can evoke extreme stress responses, panic attacks, or severe anxiety. PTSD is commonly experienced by veterans of armed conflicts, and can be frequently diagnosed in victims of rape or other violent assaults. If an individual diagnosed with PTSD associates a certain song with a traumatic memory, it typically triggers a stronger stress/anxiety response than the individual

Why can most things in the body be transplanted, except the eyes?

Whole eyes are really tricky to transplant for a few reasons: 1. The retina dies in only 2-4 hours without a blood supply. The donor and recipient would have to be right by each other. 2. The retina is part of the brain, so if a donor is brain dead, the eye would be dead too. You have to harvest the eye right after the donor's heart stops. 3. You have to connect the optic nerve, which has 1.3 million individual nerves that need to link up. 4. You need to suppress the immune system so it doesn't recognize the new eye as a foreign and attack it. (Although this isn't as bad as for other organs since the eye is generally protected from the immune system.) Actually this stuff isn't that far off. Researchers have already transplanted eyes in mice who survived for 200 days. But they aren't sure how much vision those mice had restored. Still, even 30% vision restored gives people independence and is better than complete blindness.

transplanting tissues or organs from one species to another, as a way to overcome the shortage of human organs for use in organ transplants. Current research involves using primates as the recipients of organs from pigs that have been genetically modified to reduce the primates' immune response against the pig tissue. Although transplant rejection remains a problem, recent clinical trials that involved implanting pig insulin-secreting cells into diabetics did reduce these people's need for insulin. Documents released to the news media by the animal rights organization Uncaged Campaigns showed that, between 1994 and 2000, wild baboons imported to the UK from

Weird vibrating eye "trick"

it's called nystagmus. It can appear as a problem for some people, in which it is uncontrolled, but some people are able to do it voluntarily. Other than the obvious vision problems for people who have involuntary nystagmus and can't 'switch it off', I'm not aware of it being a cause of any sort of damage.

the wagon-wheel effect under continuous illumination while humming. The humming vibrates the eyes in their sockets, effectively creating stroboscopic conditions within the eye. By humming at a frequency of a multiple of the rotation frequency, he was able to stop the rotation. By humming at slightly higher and lower frequencies, he was able to make the rotation reverse slowly and to make the rotation go slowly in the direction of rotation. A similar stroboscopic effect is now commonly observed by people eating crunchy foods, such as carrots, while watching TV: the image appears to shimmer. The crunching vibrates the eyes

Why are some words considered more offensive/rude than others, despite meaning a very similar or even the exact same thing? I'm referring to swear words mainly.

Similar question has been asked more than once today. It's weird. All languages have curse or swear words; words used to describe acts, ideas, or concepts that are considered taboo by the culture that uses said language. These can vary widely from culture to culture, of course, but the common taboos in western civilization are (as I'm sure you're aware) sex-related. In English, at least, the idea of "poor" or "bad" language also comes in part from how the language as we know it today developed during the middle ages. In the simplest terms, the common people spoke a different dialect than the Norman French nobility, and the so-called "vulgar" (literally "common" in Latin) vernacular was seen as dirty, impure, and distasteful to the prim and proper Norman overlords.

or statements are considered hate speech or inappropriate ethnic slurs (such as using the word Hun to a German, using the word Jap to a Japanese person, etc.). In most modern cultures, insulting a person or group of people, especially for any reason outside their immediate control, such as having a medical condition, following a particular religion, or being poor, is considered rude. Rude speech also includes derogatory terms describing an individual person and asking inappropriate questions or pressing for answers to a question. However, there is no universal rule about which terms are considered derogatory and which questions are inappropriate

Why are highway and street signs usually white text on green (at least in the US)?

You're correct that white and black would provide the greatest contrast, but the primary issue isn't contrast. Highway signs are "retroreflective," meaning that at night, when you shine your headlights on them, the light not only illuminates the sign, but the sign also directly reflects a good amount of that light back at you. Black backgrounds would not be efficient retroreflectors (since black absorbs most light, reducing reflectivity), plus they would be difficult to see at night since the sky is black. Green was chosen since the eye is highly sensitive to green, it is clearly visible day and night, and it is a good retroreflector. Green is a common choice in many countries, including Canada, Japan, China, and Australia. Many European countries opt for blue backgrounds with white text or white backgrounds with black text.

well. One example can be found in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Within its city limits, all roads designated as a snow emergency route use a blue sign, these are typically major arterial routes. Other roads have green signs. Other places sometimes use blue or white signs to indicate private roads. As of 2009, the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) approved color schemes for street name signs including a green, blue, or brown background with white text, or a white background with black text. Despite the MUTCD restriction only to the aforementioned color schemes, other color schemes are used in some cities;

Japanese vs American automobiles

American cars used to be the hallmark of reliability. I think a variety of reasons contributed to the decline of quality in American cars. From an econ/financial perspective it just became too expensive to build quality cars. Labor costs for automotive companies kept going up because unions kept wanting more benefits and higher pay for less work. The companies can't redistribute the extra costs to the consumers because that will just drive them to their competition even faster so they did the only thing they could and cut down on quality.

and Sumida built a car similar to a LaSalle. Automobile manufacture from Japanese companies was struggling, despite investment efforts by the Japanese Government. The 1923 Great Kantō earthquake devastated most of Japan's fledgling infrastructure and truck and construction equipment manufacturing benefited from recovery efforts. Yanase & Co., Ltd. (株式会社ヤナセ Yanase Kabushiki gaisha) was an importer of American-made cars to Japan and contributed to disaster recovery efforts by importing GMC trucks and construction equipment. By bringing in American products, Japanese manufacturers were able to examine the imported vehicles and develop their own products. From 1925 until the beginning of World War II, Ford

Why do vehicles that carry a lot of people not require seatbelts?

I asked a school-bus driver once about this, and he replied that kids would use the seat belts as weapons. I, for one, could definitely see my teenage self smacking my seatmate with a seatbelt.

not have seat belts, and the law in the United Kingdom only requires wearing seat belts where these are fitted in the vehicle. While there was previously an exemption in the law meaning those making local deliveries were not required to wear a seat belt, which would in theory have included drivers and passengers in milk floats with seat belts fitted, the law was changed in 2005 to deliveries less than 50 metres (160 ft) apart. Statistics In August 1967, the UK Electric Vehicle Association put out a press release stating that Britain had more battery-electric vehicles on its roads than

I always hear about spacetime, but what proof do we have that it exists and that all theories based on it are accurate?

There have been [a number of experiments](_URL_0_) that have shown general relativity to be a more accurate theory of gravity than the classic Newtonian model. For example, our GPS satellites have to correct for relativistic effects. The fact that your GPS works is proof positive that general relativity is a thing.

on space-time are significant enough that when not taken into account, they distort our understanding of time and our observations of distant objects. Following Thomas Buchert's publication of equations in 1997 and 2000 that derive from general relativity but also allow for the inclusion of local gravitational variations, a number of cosmological models were proposed under which the acceleration of the universe is in fact a misinterpretation of our astronomical observations and in which dark energy is unnecessary to explain them. For example, in 2007, David Wiltshire proposed a model (timescape cosmology) in which backreactions have causing time to

Canadians: What's the political situation with Quebec? What's with the whole "revolution" thing?

Think of a teenager screaming at parents and siblings saying nobody understands me, I'm moving out. Then stays home sulking when they find out they would have to do their own laundry and cooking, and pay for their own groceries. Then says they are staying, but only if they get their own apartment above the garage. Then finally coming out of their room on pizza night, load up their plate, and sits watching tv with the volume up, ignoring everyone else in the family, refusing to share the remote. So, yeah, a passive aggressive teenager.

Quebec diaspora France Québec is a privileged partner of France, particularly because of the historical and linguistic ties that unite them. Since the time of New France until today, many French Canadians and Quebecois emigrated to France. Several artists would also do so because they were misunderstood in a clerical Quebec, especially during the "Grande Noirceur". United States Approximately 900,000 Quebec residents (French Canadian for the great majority) left for the United States between 1840 and 1930. They were pushed to emigrate by overpopulation in rural areas that could not sustain themselves under the seigneurial system of land

Only 5 White Rhinos Left (alive) Worldwide--What does that mean for the Eco-System?

Specifically, little at this time. But it is a reduction in the biodiversity that keeps the environment healthy. Best way to explain it is to simplify things - let's just hope Disney doesn't sue me. Follow the circle of life - the antelope eat the grass, the lions eat the antelope, the dead lions decay and feed the grass. If all of the lions disappear, the antelope will over populate, eat all the grass, and everyone dies. If the grass dies, the antelope die, and the lions starve. If the antelope migrate, the lions starve, and the grass rules everything. As a single entity, the white rhino's disappearance is not going to destroy the ecosystem - they are part of a greater collection of animals that fill their step in the circle. But their biodiversity is gone, meaning if there was an event that would wipe out the other rhinos but wouldn't have effected the white rhino, the ecosystem does not have the white rhino to fall back on anymore.

white rhinoceros. As of 31 December 2007, there were an estimated 17,460 southern white rhinos in the wild (IUCN 2008), making them by far the most abundant subspecies of rhino in the world; the number of southern white rhinos outnumbers all other rhino subspecies combined. South Africa is the stronghold for this subspecies (93.0%), conserving 16,255 individuals in the wild in 2007 (IUCN 2008). There are smaller reintroduced populations within the historical range of the species in Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Uganda and Swaziland, while a small population survives in Mozambique. Populations have also been introduced outside of the former range

Are product restocking fees BS or is there some legitimacy to them?

How do you define BS? It costs the business money to have employees around to put the item back into inventory, makes their logistics less efficient, etc. The entire area of return policies is a strange one. Businesses are under no obligation to accept returns for any reason. Anything they do is strictly for marketing or customer retention reasons. How much did the restocking fee affect your willingness to do business with them down the road? Did it affect your initial purchase decision?

or sometimes the full price of the product following purchase, though some rebates are offered at the time of purchase. A particular case is the promise of a refund in full if applied for in a restricted date range some years in the future; the hope is that the promise will lure customers and increase sales, but that the majority will fail to meet the conditions for a valid claim.

After an earthquake, how do we tell if a building is structurally sound enough to re-enter and use again?

If there's internal damage, there will always be some amount of external damage. The amount of external damage can be very small compared to the internal damage, misleadingly so, but there will always be some. And yeah there are a lot of things you look for. Small cracks (a couple millimeters) are expected in certain materials, and don't necessarily mean its unsafe. Other things are more obvious. If you see piles of debris, a lot of broken windows, huge cracks or the building is actually tilting, its best you stay away. For large buildings, they just don't let anyone go in until professionals can inspect the structure to see if its safe or not. With smaller structures and homes, you can have the people occupying it look for any obvious signs of problems, and make judgement calls until an inspector can get around to it (they'll be busy with more vital things like hospitals in the immediate aftermath, so it takes time to getto residential areas.) Ultimately, its usually pretty obvious if there are any major structural problems.

an earthquake. Several other improvements during the renovation will help to improve the building's stability, including the addition of concrete shear walls within the structure. The sheer walls will keep the building from twisting or distorting, which could cause a collapse as it moves during an earthquake. The sheer walls were installed in empty vent shafts left from the original construction, and inside new elevator shafts and stairwells. The granite columns along the structure's exterior were also in danger of buckling during a seismic event, and as a result the joints were injected with an epoxy adhesive during the renovation work. The

neo-liberalism

Economic liberalism was an economic philosophy that placed a premium on individual autonomy and treating the economy as a collection of individuals making choices. For awhile following the great depression, economists tended to look at economies as large systems. This difference in perspective caused these folks to tend to argue more for state intervention in the economy. Starting in the 50's and 60's, groups of economists began going back to ideas that sounded a lot more like classical liberalism, arguing for deregulation, privatization, and free trade. These groups were collectively called "neoliberals"

Neoliberalism Origins An early use of the term in English was in 1898 by the French economist Charles Gide to describe the economic beliefs of the Italian economist Maffeo Pantaleoni, with the term "néo-libéralisme" previously existing in French, and the term was later used by others including the classical liberal economist Milton Friedman in his 1951 essay "Neo-Liberalism and its Prospects. In 1938 at the Colloque Walter Lippmann, the term "neoliberalism" was proposed, among other terms, and ultimately chosen to be used to describe a certain set of economic beliefs. The colloquium defined the concept of neoliberalism as involving "the

The psychology behind game grinding

There's two - there's MMO Grinding, and there's classic JRPG Grinding. With MMO Grinding, it's a [Skinner Box](_URL_0_). Push button, receive reward. Early in the game you're rewarded for doing damn near anything. Talk to someone - get a level. Cast a spell, get a level. As you go up in levels, it stretches out more and more, leading you to do the same repetitive tasks for the reward. It's why people do high level dungeons over and over and over again - they're grinding for the "reward" of a slightly different colored items with slightly higher numbers on them than the item they already have. With classic JRPG grinding, it's a mechanic to stretch out the gameplay. Selling a game with 20 hours of gameplay when your competitors claim to have 60 is going to get your game ignored. So rather than assume the player will gain two levels traveling to the next area's boss, you tweak it so that you need to add at least ten levels, maybe more. Item prices are much higher as are spell or item prices. This forces the player to fight random encounters for hours on end to gain the experience and money needed to beat the next boss and move on to the rest of the game. The first is.... when it's done well, you don't notice it. When it's done poorly, it's all the game is. The second is an outdated mechanic and should be delegated to the dustbin of gaming history as something that, in retrospect, is a terrible design decision.

provides game advancement; The behavior need not be tedious or repetitive, as the term grinding generally implies. For example, in a game where advancement is gained by killing monsters, the game could provide such a huge variety of monsters and environments that no two kills are ever the same. As long as all players remained equally capable of killing the monsters, the same leveling-off effect would be generated. Thus, the "level playing field" effect is considered by some to be a misleading attempt to hide the real reason for grinding: unwillingness or inability to budget sufficient content resources to

Why do you have to get your oil changed after 3 months if you haven't driven 3,000 miles?

And you're told this by people who sell oil. Maybe that should give you a clue. Certainly in modern cars, that should be unnecessary. Edit: Spelling

mitigant. Some ways of decreasing the oil used in transportation include increasing the use of bicycles, public transport, carpooling, electric vehicles, and diesel and hybrid vehicles with higher fuel efficiency. More comprehensive mitigations include better land use planning through smart growth to reduce the need for private transportation, increased capacity and use of mass transit, vanpooling and carpooling, bus rapid transit, telecommuting, and human-powered transport from current levels. Rationing and driving bans are also forms of reducing private transportation. The higher oil prices of 2007 and 2008 caused United States drivers to begin driving less in 2007 and to a much

Computer Graphics Cards

Numbering is just a nice way of differentiating the new cards from the old cards. Occasionally it switches. For instances, years ago, NVidia was making cards with thousand series (4XXX up to 9XXX). Then for some reason, they decided not to do 10XXX and started with hundred series (2XX up to currently 6XX). As for specs, there really isn't an ELI5 answer to most of it. In General, for all Cards, a Higher RAM number indicates a better card (Some higher end GFX cards have 2 GB of RAM [Though its usually listed as 2048 MB of RAM]). As for the Other Specs, AMD and NVidia have diverged in how they make their cards, so there aren't a whole lot comparisons you can make anymore just looking at each cards specs. You could go to a PC Repair shop and ask them to install it for you, though it might run you like $50 or more to have that done.

Graphics hardware Graphics Cards The most important piece of graphics hardware is the graphics card, which is the piece of equipment that renders out all images and sends them to a display. There are two types of graphics cards: integrated and dedicated. An integrated graphics card, usually by Intel to use in their computers, is bound to the motherboard and shares RAM(Random Access Memory) with the CPU, reducing the total amount of RAM available. This is undesirable for running programs and applications that use a large amount of video memory. A dedicated graphics card has its own RAM and Processor

Why is it the iphone (and other smartphones) requires a separate file type for a ringtone instead of being able to use mp3's already on it?

Because that's how they are set up, ringtones are a separate purchase, so they don't want to lose money buy allowing you to natively create a ringtone from song files on your device. There are of course super simple ways to manually make them into ringtones. It's just that when you pay for the song, you are paying for a copy to be downloaded and played, not to be used as a ringtone. I wouldn't mind so much if it was a 49¢ purchase, but the average one is $1.29, the same price as the whole song, while only a handful are 99¢. TLDR: greed

release due to software issues. It does not currently have Bluetooth OBEX File Transfer capabilities. It is yet unknown, if and when this will be made available through a software upgrade or hack. MP3 files on the MicroSD card cannot be used as ringtones. MP3 files can be played from the MicroSD card, but one can't copy songs from the microSD card to the phone, and the card must be inside to enable music playback. The phone does not have customizable ringer profiles. To silence the phone fully (not just the ringer), one must hold down the # key. Holding down

the bill of rights

Most of them are pretty self-explanatory. 1. There can be no laws against what you say, or what religion you follow, or who you associate with. 2. We need a military force, so you're allowed to own guns. 3. You cannot be forced to house troops. 4. Your home can't be searched without an OK from a judge. 5. You can't be tried twice for the same offense. You can't be forced to testify against yourself. 6. You have to have a fair public trial with witnesses you can cross-examine. 7. If you want a jury trial, you are entitled to have it. 8. The punishment must fit the crime. 9. This is not an all-encompassing list. You may have other rights too. 10. If it's not specifically a federal issue, then it's automatically a state issue. [There's more, but I can't really describe it LY5.]

Incorporation of the Bill of Rights Background The United States Bill of Rights is the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution. Proposed following the oftentimes bitter 1787–88 battle over ratification of the United States Constitution, and crafted to address the objections raised by Anti-Federalists, the Bill of Rights amendments add to the Constitution specific guarantees of personal freedoms and rights, clear limitations on the government's power in judicial and other proceedings, and explicit declarations that all powers not specifically delegated to Congress by the Constitution are reserved for the states or the people. The concepts codified in these

Why to high performance engines like drag cars and hot rods have engines that sound like they are out of sync at an idle?

They use really big cams that do not make power until a certain high RPM, its called the power band. At low RPMs the cam isn't working efficiently. Most drag car cam's power band might be from 3000RPMs to 7000Rpms. Drag cars, right before the green light will raise their RPMS to the power band which is where the cam is designed to run

drilled fuel galleries, four-valve cylinder heads and tappet-actuated injection. This made the engine less than suitable for slow speed stop-start work, even at the de-rated bus setting of 150 bhp at 2100 rpm. It was also a noisy unit in operation, said to sound like a contemporary Formula One racing car. Especially on bus work problems developed with damaged tappets, burnt valves, damaged valves, damaged pistons, damaged blocks, clogged injectors, cylinder block failures, smoke emissions and excessive wear as well as roughness and noise in operation, a tendency to refuse to restart when hot, refusal to start in general and endemic

Does the distance that sound travels follow a linear pattern based on the volume/decibel?

No, it's the inverse square of the distance. [link](_URL_0_)

related to frequency and wavelength of a wave by . This is different from the particle velocity , which refers to the motion of molecules in the medium due to the sound, and relates the plane wave pressure to the fluid density and sound speed by . The product of and from the above formula is known as the characteristic acoustic impedance. The acoustic power (energy per second) crossing unit area is known as the intensity of the wave and for a plane wave the average intensity is given by , where is the

The difference between DVD-R and DVD+R, CD-R and CD+R?

DVD-R and DVD+R are two DVD formats. This means that the way the data is stored on the discs themselves is slightly different. From a user's perspective they both function the same and have almost the same capacity (-R has 7MB more). DVD-R came first and is the "old" format. DVD+R is newer and has some advantages. For example its format is more resilient to errors (can handle more scratches). DVD-R can be read by any DVD player, new or old. However DVD+R can only be read by more recent DVD players. CDs come in only one format.

DVDs used to be indicated as WS.DVDRip. DVDMux differs from DVDRips as they tend to use the x264 codec for video, AAC or AC3 codec for audio and multiplex it on a .mp4/.mkv file. DVD-R DVD-R refers to a final retail version of a film in DVD format, generally a complete copy from the original DVD. If the original DVD is released in the DVD-9 format, however, extras might be removed and/or the video reencoded to make the image fit the less expensive for burning and quicker to download DVD-5 format. DVD-R releases often accompany DVD-Rips. DVD-R rips are larger in

April showers

There's something called the "Jet Stream" which controls much of the weather we see on the ground. In early spring it starts shifting north, which leads to storms being pulled behind it landing in various places like the UK or northern North America. I'm not sure if it's actually more than other months in most of the US though. Basically weather moves in a pattern and april is a point where storms are being sent from the ocean over land more than many other times, so we get more rain.

Baby Shower Plot Dwight (Rainn Wilson) acts out the process of birth with a watermelon, as Michael (Steve Carell) wants to be prepared for Jan's (Melora Hardin) baby. The Party Planning Committee is planning Jan's baby shower, and collects money for a present, to which many employees are reluctant to donate. Angela (Angela Kinsey) makes a "guess whose baby picture" game for the shower, and she is angered when Andy (Ed Helms) unintentionally makes fun of her picture. Jim (John Krasinski) and Pam (Jenna Fischer) feel awkward trying to communicate with each other throughout the day, with Pam telling the documentary

How can peristaltic movements transport liquids?

Peristalsis works like this: _URL_0_ Stick a drinking straw in a cup full of water, place your thumb over the end of the straw, and lift it out of the water so that the straw is full of water but no longer in cup. Pinch the straw flat with the thumb and forefinger of your other hand up near where your thumb is covering the end and pull down, still squeezing and covering the end with your other thumb. That's basically how peristalsis works. The muscles pinch the "tube" in a small area (be it your esophagus, intestines, etc) and force its contents along with a wave motion. It pinches, pushes a little ways, and releases. The next muscle pinches it again, pushes it a little ways, and releases. This process repeats until the contents get where they're going.

passing through a surface moving along with the fluid is conserved. This means that the plasma can move along with the local field lines. For the perpendicular motions of the fluid, the field lines will push the fluid or otherwise they will be dragged with the fluid. Flux tubes and field lines The curve sweeps out a cylindrical boundary along the local magnetic field lines in the fluid which forms a tube known as the flux tube. When the diameter of this tube goes to zero, it is called a magnetic field line. Resistive fluids Even for the non-ideal

How does the ISS maintain it's altitude without crashing into the planet?

So you know when your throw a ball it follows a curved path down back to the ground? Well the ISS is moving so fast and is so high up that it's curved path equals the curvature of the earth, so it approaches the earth just as fast the earth curves away from it, so the distance between the earth and the station remain, fairly, constant.

Several systems are currently used on board the ISS to maintain the spacecraft's atmosphere, which is similar to the Earth's. Normal air pressure on the ISS is 101.3 kPa (14.7 psi); the same as at sea level on Earth. "While members of the ISS crew could stay healthy even with the pressure at a lower level, the equipment on the Station is very sensitive to pressure. If the pressure were to drop too far, it could cause problems with the Station equipment.". Air revitalization system Carbon dioxide and trace contaminants are removed by the Air Revitalization System. This is a NASA rack,

Why do I have to pee when I'm nervous?

You may have heard of the 'fight or flight response.' When you are stressed (nervous/frightened etc.) your body releases hormones to help your body deal with the situation - the best known one is adrenaline. This hormone tells your body to do a whole bunch of things, and urinate is among them. It is suggested that this might be to lighten your body to make it easier for you to run.

peeps typically at sexual matters and 'peeks' when one wants surreptitiously to know what something is without being seen".

what's the difference between an "escort" and prostitute?

Looks price and class. That's it. When you pay for an escort you're paying for "the girlfriend experience" you talk to them eat with them you know go on a "real" date but at the end you know your getting lucky. With a whore your getting some drug addicted pimp abused woman who only wants to get you off as fast as she can so she can fuck some other guy in 10 seconds with out cleaning up. That's the difference.

to prostitution, often confined to special red-light districts in big cities. Other names for brothels include bordello, whorehouse, cathouse, knocking shop, and general houses. Prostitution also occurs in some massage parlours, and in Asian countries in some barber shops where sexual services may be offered as a secondary function of the premises. Escorts Escort services may be distinguished from prostitution or other forms of prostitution in that sexual activities are often not explicitly advertised as necessarily included in these services; rather, payment is often noted as being for an escort's time and companionship only, although there is often an implicit

What is stopping us from just replacing our natural adult teeth with synthetic ones?

Mostly Price. Where I live it costs around £1000-£1500 for 1 dental implant.

in people. In theory, stem cells taken from the patient could be coaxed in the lab turning into a tooth bud which, when implanted in the gums, will give rise to a new tooth, and would be expected to be grown in a time over three weeks. It will fuse with the jawbone and release chemicals that encourage nerves and blood vessels to connect with it. The process is similar to what happens when humans grow their original adult teeth. Many challenges remain, however, before stem cells could be a choice for the replacement of missing teeth in the future. Cochlear

Since whales are mammals, and need water to live like we do, how do they get it if they live in salt water, which is bad to drink?

They get it from the food that they eat. Whales, and dolphins, can't starve to death, they die of dehydration first. They do get a little bit from sea water but their kidneys can't remove much salt so if they accidentally drink too much sea water when they eat that could kill them.

however, the salt content of most of their prey (invertebrates) are similar to that of seawater, whereas the salt content of a whale's blood is considerably lower (three times lower) than that of seawater. The whale kidney is adapted to excreting excess salt; however, while producing urine more concentrated than seawater, it wastes a lot of water which must be replaced. Baleen whales have a relatively small brain compared to their body mass. Like other mammals, their brain has a large, folded cerebrum, the part of the brain responsible for memory and processing sensory information. Their cerebrum only makes up about

How exactly a silent approval of criminal acts by law enforcement authorities goes through in modern, western countries?

You've kind of hit the nail on the head. It tends to vary from place to place, but I think a lot of law enforcement organisations don't see a great deal of point going after small-time drug dealers. As you say, there's always going to be demand for drugs and if any police do turn up it's pretty easy just to disappear. In Japan, 'grey area' industries like prostitution and drug dealing are technically illegal, but run by the Yakuza, who's existence is tolerated by the state. They don't want to make that stuff legal, but it's going to happen, so better that it happens in the open.

of serious international crimes, such as genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes helps to strengthen the rule of law by sanctioning those who violate laws with criminal penalties. It also demonstrates that crime will not be tolerated, and that human rights abusers will be held accountable for their actions. From its historical roots in the Nuremberg Trials, recent examples have included International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda and International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, hybrid courts such as Special Court for Sierra Leone, Special Panels of the Dili District Court, Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia, Court of

Why do we move our body (by either dancing or simply bouncing our head) to music? What exactly in our body is causing this?

Actions speak louder than words. Movement can encode aggression or play or healing or prayer or mating or celebration or grief. Movement attracts attention because people need to know how to interpret your intentions. Someone dancing through the front door of a bank will draw a different attention than someone dancing the same way through the door of a club, so context is also in play. Any gesture or movement, done in unison by a group, becomes a rhythmic dance that encodes some agreed on meaning; waving baseball caps up and down in the dugout helps the batter get a hit, or at least feel the support of his teammates. Now for the music side of your question. Music induces emotions in the audience. Good musical technique has been defined as the audience experiencing the emotions that the musician has prepared for them. The derivation of the word 'emotion' contains this: from Latin emovere "move out, remove, agitate,". This are all actions. So the simple answer is that music can make a group of people feel emotional, and if the emotions are strong enough, the group will move their bodies (dancing, fists in the air and shouting). Getting our emotions outside of ourselves lets us celebrate and control ourselves. Here's where the confusion comes in: Calm. This could be indifference to the music. This could be unfamiliarity with a specific kind of music. This could also be the intent of the music; creating a calm state of mind. Calm is not an emotion in the classical sense; it is stillness embodied and lacks agitation. However, in the modern sense of states of mind, calm is just another energy level that we can measure and it happens to be associated with stillness rather than actions. The function that ties all this together is a shared experience. The musician creates it and the audience participates in it. And that, IMHO, is why we dance.

the discovery that musical sensations of a rhythmic nature call for the muscular and nervous response of the whole organism", to develop "a special training designed to regulate nervous reactions and effect a co-ordination of muscles and nerves" and ultimately to seek the connections between "the art of music and the art of dance", which he formulated into his system of eurhythmics. He concluded that "musical rhythm is only the transposition into sound of movements and dynamisms spontaneously and involuntarily expressing emotion". Hence, though doubtless, as Shawn asserts, "it is quite possible to develop the dance without music and... music is

How are outside noises able to be incorporated into your dream?

Brains are complex things. While dreaming you are thought to be basically consolidating the memories you want to keep and not keep, and you create scenes in your mind involving things that were important to you recently (consciously or unconsciously). So while your brain is doing all of that, your ears, eyes, nose, and mouth are still wired in. Incoming stimuli from any one of those sensory organs can be implemented into the seemingly chaotic mess of neural activity that we call dreaming.

first step to begin reaching my dreams, I'm in front of you with a new sound."

How does restarting something (i.e. a computer or a PlayStation or such) work?

PC hardware comes typically with only a single program baked in, called the "bootloader". This program is designed to boot up whatever Operating System, or OS, has been installed on it. When you turn on the PC or PS4, it starts the bootloader, which is a relatively small program that simply loads the PS4 OS or Windows or MacOS or Android, etc. When you restart the PC or PS4 (without shutting it down or turning it off), the OS program exits with an additional instruction to the bootloader program to reload the OS. And that's exactly what the bootloader does: it resets the starting environment and loads the OS, as though it had been turned on for the first time. *edit, phrasing*

drive before restarting the machine. In the latter case, many times it switches off the system instead of restarting it (the reset button is actually also the on/off button, but under normal circumstances, the button needs to be held for 2–4 seconds to turn the system off). However older systems would turn off with a single press or flick of the button/switch. On certain games (especially those that use autosave), one can gain an advantage by using the reset button. If a mistake is made, such as getting a character killed, the reset button can be pressed instead of saving, and

Why are we so reluctant to kill animals nowadays when, in the past, our society used hunt all the time and feel no remorse?

People live sheltered lives, some going through all of it without killing any animals or getting into a fight. There's also social conditioning, people being told since they're toddlers that it's a heinous act to hurt people and animals. People like to elevate themselves to a moral highground by bashing the 'barbaric' practices of their ancestors, something they can afford to do because they've never experienced starvation. Killing animals is necessary to our survival, the only difference is that nowadays the majority of people don't have to get their hands dirty to enjoy the meat and hides.

It is thought that the animals helped with the hunting, but they would, by the nature of the hunt, have gradually become adept at herding.

how does depression change the way you think?

So I'm not quite sure why you have this labeled as chemistry, so I'm going to do my best to mention chemistry, but this is more of a biology question. You have these things called **neurotransmitters**. Some of them dictate how you feel. Serotonin is a mood stabilizer, it's very important in making sure you can have "normal" emotions. Some people have problems with their serotonin levels, take me. I make maybe half or less of the normal serotonin that a healthy person does. This leads to difficulty controlling my emotions, especially those of anger and depression. Depression has many forms besides the one above, but in most cases it can become very difficult to think happy thoughts. You may have self deprecating thoughts or focus solely on the negatives. Final point: depression is different for everyone, and this answer is influenced by **my** experience. Hope this answered your question.

the distortion of one uncontrollable aspect of a person's life being viewed as representative of all aspects of their life – suggesting a mismatch between ultimate cause and modern manifestation. Analytical rumination hypothesis This hypothesis suggests that depression is an adaptation that causes the affected individual to concentrate his or her attention and focus on a complex problem in order to analyze and solve it. One way depression increases the individual's focus on a problem is by inducing rumination. Depression activates the left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, which increases attention control and maintains problem-related information in an "active, accessible state" referred to

How does a boat motor work, and how does a small propeller move such a large object?

A boat motor works similar to a car motor except they're usually direct drive or have a simple single speed forward gearing, as well as a reverse gear. You have a shaft attached directly to the engine rather than a complex gearbox. The shaft runs through what's called a stuffing box, which is a grease filled tube that keeps water out. Very large boats (cruise ships, container ships) use azimuth thrusters. Large rotating pods which contain an electric motor that is powered by a diesel generator in the ship's engine room. So no need for a stuffing As for the propeller, they work the same way an airplane propeller does, or a fan, or a swimmer doing the front crawl. They scoop water and push it back. Since every action has an equal and opposite reaction, this causes the boat to move forward. Thrust. You can change how much water they scoop by adjusting the angle of the blades, the pitch. The sharper the angle, the more water they can scoop at a lower rotational speed. Allowing them to work more efficiently. Since water is more viscous (thicker) than air, you don't need as much surface area or rotational speed as you would with say a plane. Nor will you need to go nearly as fast. So you can make the prop smaller. The downside with adding more pitch is it requires more torque, rotational power. Which is why boats are often powered by high torque engines like diesel, steam, and electric as opposed to gas. With a gas engine, the prop has to turn faster, so it needs a shallower pitch to get the same amount of speed. But it's doing less work per rotation. So when buying a prop, you really have to keep in mind the ones that are designed to work with your engine. There's another issue that crops up too if you spin a prop too fast: cavitation. The spinning prop creates a low pressure zone which causes water to boil at below 100c. Bubbles of steam appear and pop, which cause shock waves that can actually damage the prop.

rotate through 180 degrees, allowing steering by thrust vectoring. The propeller is mounted directly on the driveshaft with no additional gearing or transmission. Usually the engine also swivels up and down to provide a "neutral gear" where the propeller does not contact the water. The driveshaft must be extended by several metres of metal rod to properly position the propeller, giving the boat its name and distinct appearance. Advantages to the inboard engine with a long driveshaft include keeping the engine relatively dry. Following the basic design pattern allows a variety of engines to be attached to a variety of different

Why, when through binoculars or a telescope 'the wrong way' do things look smaller, but you can't make the same thing happen with a magnifying glass?

There is always more than one lens/curved mirror inside the telescope, so the result is different if you reverse the order light goes through them. When there's only one symmetric lens looking either way through it produces same result.

as a single object. Thus larger telescopes can image not only dimmer objects (because they collect more light), but resolve objects that are closer together as well. This improvement of resolution breaks down due to the practical limits imposed by the atmosphere, whose random nature disrupts the single spot of the Airy disk into a pattern of similarly-sized spots scattered over a much larger area (see the adjacent image of a binary). For typical seeing, the practical resolution limits are at mirror sizes much less than the mechanical limits for the size of mirrors, namely at a mirror diameter equal

What does "political economy" mean and how can it meaningfully be contrasted with the "moral economy"

"Political economics" is an old phrase which means the same thing as just plain "economics" means today (or perhaps "macroeconomics", if you want to get less-like 5) Basically, what people used to call "economics" is now called "home economics", or "home ec". And what they used to call "political economics" is now just "economics". "Moral economics" is just some self-righteous people trying to tell everyone else what to do. It is not particularly comparable to economics as a whole, any more than "I like blue and so should you" is comparable to "color exists and is a property of light as perceived by the brain through the eyes". Unless you meant "moral philosophy", which is from the same time period as the term "political economics" is.

Political economy Etymology Originally, political economy meant the study of the conditions under which production or consumption within limited parameters was organized in nation-states. In that way, political economy expanded the emphasis of economics, which comes from the Greek oikos (meaning "home") and nomos (meaning "law" or "order"). Political economy was thus meant to express the laws of production of wealth at the state level, just as economics was the ordering of the home. The phrase économie politique (translated in English as "political economy") first appeared in France in 1615 with the well-known book by Antoine de Montchrétien, Traité de

What is being 'calculated' by supercomputers?

I work at a research university, and system administration of our supercomputers falls under my team's responsibilities. What ours supercomputer do is simulation. They simulate things like chemicals interactions, nuclear reactions, electronic systems, and many other things. In many areas of research, it is a lot cheaper to develop models that can be simulated in supercomputers to test ideas, instead of experimenting with real world systems. Our research groups use their models on our supercomputers to research solar energy, advanced films, water treatment, artificial intelligence, medical imaging, and a lot more. All of this requires a lot of processing power because 1, these are complex models involving the interactions between multiple dimensions of variables; 2, because being able to perform calculations faster means either getting results sooner, or being able to simulate systems in more detail, with better results.

of calculation. The term supercomputer itself is rather fluid, and the speed of today's supercomputers tends to become typical of tomorrow's ordinary computer. Supercomputer processing speeds are measured in floating point operations per second, or FLOPS. An example of a floating point operation is the calculation of mathematical equations in real numbers. In terms of computational capability, memory size and speed, I/O technology, and topological issues such as bandwidth and latency, supercomputers are the most powerful, are very expensive, and not cost-effective just to perform batch or transaction processing. Servers Server usually refers to a computer that is dedicated to

How does Italy regard it's history in terms of their involvement in WW2 different from their "ally" Germany?

Because at one point during the war (1943) the Italian King had Mussolini arrested and at this point Italy was not part of the Axis (Germany, Italy and Japan) anymore. Germany, from an ally became an invading force of Italy. Also, the anti-Jewish laws were repealed by the new Badoglio government while the war was still going on. Basically, by the end of the war, Italy was not viewed as one of the 'bad guys' anymore. So while for Germany there were the [Nuremberg trials](_URL_0_), where all the atrocities committed by Germany came into surface, no such trial took place against Italy. So it's a combination of two things: a. Italy probably didn't commit atrocities comparable to Germany; b. any war crimes Italy did commit did not undergo the same level of inquiry of those commited by Germany.

Germany–Italy relations History Relations were established after the Unification of Italy. The two countries historically enjoy a special relationship since they fought together against the Austrian Empire and parts of their respective territories belonged to the Holy Roman Empire and the German Confederation. Italy and Germany were both part of the Triple Alliance but they became enemies during World War I. Both countries eventually became members of the Axis powers during World War II, formed an alliance during the Cold War (West Germany), were among the inner six and became two of the G6 nations after their economic miracle. Prime Minister

The Operation Teapot video is one of the craziest things I've seen. What exactly am I seeing?

> but what are the "eruptions" coming from it? Was it detonated in the air? It was detonated on the top of a tall tower. The "eruptions" are the guy-wires that stabilized the tower being boiled into gas and plasma from the light of the explosion before the blast wave proper reaches them.

the video was inspired by the 1968 sci-fi film Barbarella, the Star Wars series and space in general. The plot consists of Grande on a fictional planet renouncing her allegiance to an evil regime of extraterrestrials and freeing a group of prisoners from their cages. She subsequently attacks a giant robot using missiles, but the robot managed to release its hand to catch her, bringing her to the planet's overlord. Her character succeeds in defeating the villain, and the clip ends with Grande and the prisoners she rescued flying away in a spaceship, partying with the crew, as Beats by

How does bioluminescence work?

Chemical reactions but instead of releasing (like most of them) heat as energy, or even electricity they release photons aka light

Bioluminescence Bioluminescence is the production and emission of light by a living organism. It is a form of chemiluminescence. Bioluminescence occurs widely in marine vertebrates and invertebrates, as well as in some fungi, microorganisms including some bioluminescent bacteria and terrestrial invertebrates such as fireflies. In some animals, the light is bacteriogenic, produced by symbiotic organisms such as Vibrio bacteria; in others, it is autogenic, produced by the animals themselves. In a general sense, the principal chemical reaction in bioluminescence involves some light-emitting molecule and an enzyme, generally called the luciferin and the luciferase, respectively. Because these are generic names, the luciferins

I read on reddit to get rid of a persons hicups ask them when are they going to pay you back for money they owe you when they really dont owe you. I tried it and it worked why?

I once had someone cure my hiccups by asking me "Hey, what color is eggplant? Do you see anything eggplant colored in this room?" I looked around intently and couldn't find anything, and I told him no. He then asked me if they were gone, and sure enough, totally cured. I think something about the act of suddenly focusing on something else entirely had something to do with it. Maybe someone asking you for money you owe them has a similary effect?

a particular number of days late, and then repossesses the goods before that date, the creditor is guilty of conversion (i.e., civil theft). That being said, unless the consumer received permission to make a late payment in writing, it may be difficult for him or her to later prove that the creditor agreed to permit the late payment. Because of the difficulty proving oral statements, some unscrupulous creditors try to lull debtors into false senses of security with a tactic sometimes called the "gab and grab". The creditor will orally agree to give the debtor extra time to make a

How can they clone living animals?

Well, most people use the word "clone" to mean something other than it actually is. I blame the popular sci-fi use of cloning to refer to creating an exact duplicate of a person, along with their memories and personality and such. In real life, cloning means to take the DNA of an animal, and create a new baby animal with the same DNA. So it's more like creating a new identical twin baby of the original creature, and not at all like creating an exact copy of that creature.

involving the use of a pioneering cloning technique, Japanese researchers created 25 generations of healthy cloned mice with normal lifespans, demonstrating that clones are not intrinsically shorter-lived than naturally born animals. Other sources have noted that the offspring of clones tend to be healthier than the original clones and indistinguishable from animals produced naturally. Dolly the sheep was cloned from a six year old cell sample from a mammary gland. Because of this, some posited she may have aged more quickly than other naturally born animals, as she died relatively early for a sheep at the age of six. Ultimately, her

the difference between shampoo, conditioner, body soap, 2-in-1 and 3-in-1.

Shampoo is a type of soap designed for your hair. It gets grease out of your hair. You should only shampoo your head. Don't put shampoo on the ends of your hair if you're a girl, it's too harsh and will damage your hair. Conditioner puts the life back in hair after being shampooed. It moisturizes it. Body soap is a soap designed for your skin. It gets dirt off your skin. You can't just wash dirt and grease off with water because water and oil don't mix. Soap is an "emulsifier" it means that it makes it so water can wash away oil. 2-in-1 is conditioner and shampoo mixed together. So you only have to use one product to wash your hair. There's a lot of rumors that it's bad for your hair. From what I've learned, if you have very fine hair then it's better to not use a 2 in 1. But most hair works just fine for a 2 in 1. 3 in 1 is shampoo, conditioner and body soap all mixed in one. Guys usually use this. You can literally put it on any part of your body.

acid; therefore, what's now marketed as "original formula" Is not the same product. Frequent Anti-Dandruff is formulated for daily use. 2 in 1 Gentle Action contains a conditioner Activating Shampoo for thinning hair. The Activating Shampoo has a counterpart Activating Tonic, designed to be used in conjunction with the Activating Shampoo as a hair thinning treatment. A range for children is marketed under the Vosene Kids brand and was introduced in 2008. In this range are Extra Shine Detangler Spray, Advanced Conditioning Defence Spray, Conditioning Shampoo, Conditioning Shampoo and Mega Hold Styling Gel. Acquisition The Vosene products are now marketed by Lornamead,

how does your brain decide you like/dislike a certain song? What influences that? And why do we all like different songs?

Basically, it comes down to sensing versus perceiving. Generally everyone senses the same things the same way, from vision to taste, excluding those with sensory deprivations (colorblindness, deafness, etc.). Perceiving is a different story. It's all in your head. We attach meaning to different sensations. Like when you see your SO and get happy if you're in a great relationship. Basically you attach meaning to different sounds you hear. People tend to like major keys that are consonant, but of course not all because different people attach different meanings based on their experiences! Hope this helps, this is the first ELI5 explanation that I've done! Feel free to ask further questions!

almost every circumstance I can think of." In another interview with Billboard, Womack said, "When a song really connects with so many people, it's because they felt something when they heard it. This song makes you think about and feel for the people you really love in your life. Who doesn't have someone like that in their life?" In 2006 Womack told Billboard about an incident at the Country Radio Seminar and said, "I made some new friends at radio, caught up with friends that I had known since the beginning of my career and was able to enjoy a few

How do LED thermometers work?

Op are you talking about Laser Temperature Guns/thermometers?? (That tell the temp after pointing the device and laser at an object) If you are: the laser doesn't have anything to do with the temp, it just aligns the sensor that is located right next to the laser on the front of the device.

Light-addressable potentiometric sensor A light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) is a sensor that uses light (e.g. LEDs) to select what will be measured. Light can activate carriers in semiconductors. History An example is the pH-sensitive LAPS (range pH4 to pH10) that uses LEDs in combination with (semi-conducting) silicon and pH-sensitive Ta₂O₅ (SiO₂; Si₃N₄) insulator. The LAPS has several advantages over other types of chemical sensors. The sensor surface is completely flat, no structures, wiring or passivation are required. At the same time, the "light-addressability" of the LAPS makes it possible to obtain a spatially resolved map of the distribution of the

How is the 3D effect created in movies?

You need a second camera that is filming from a slightly different perspective, just like humans can see in three dimensions because they have two eyes set slightly apart. (In computer animation you can arbitrarily create a second perspective on a scene, so it's easier but it still requires extra rendering to produce the film.) You play back footage from both perspectives at the same time, but the viewer wears polarized lenses which filter the image so that the left eye sees one thing and the right eye another. You may recall older 3D using colored lenses for the same purpose. You can also process a standard film to give it computer-generated 3D effects. This is a lot cheaper than filming a real 3D movie, but the result tends to be ugly.

the world at hand." Bordwell said that, other than "to awe us with special effects", 3D's purposes are typically to be realistic in its enhancement of the depth of objects and "advancing our understanding of the story", which is usually achieved with only one part of the screen in 3D while the rest is out of focus and in 2D. In Goodbye to Language Godard uses 3D in deep focus shots with images that allow the audience to scan the entire frame. Bordwell wrote that Godard's use of 3D "is aiming to make us perceive the world stripped of our

Why is sleep so comfortable shortly upon waking(especially when you have work/school/etc)?

When you wake up in the morning, you get something called sleep inertia. It's the groggyness you feel up to two hours (usually half an hour) after you have woken up. It's a "false" kind of sleepy, which makes you want to stay in bed. This combined with how comfortable your warm, soft bed is, makes it so darn hard to get up. _URL_1_ _URL_0_ edit: a word.

of growth hormones and enzymes necessary for brain and heart growth. Also, the physiology of co-sleeping babies is more stable, including more stable temperatures, more regular heart rhythms, and fewer long pauses in breathing than babies who sleep alone. Besides physical developmental advantages, co-sleeping may also promote long-term emotional health. In long-term follow-up studies of infants who slept with their parents and those who slept alone, the children who co-slept were happier, less anxious, had higher self-esteem, were less likely to be afraid of sleep, had fewer behavioral problems, tended to be more comfortable with intimacy, and were generally more independent

What is the point of using pointers in programming?

Passing around the data itself can get very expensive. It is fine when the data is small, like a single number or even a small string of text. When you get to large objects or data structures like arrays, it becomes prohibitvely expensive to just pass the data. Instead you pass around pointers to the data, so the data can just sit where it is, and whoever needs it can get to it via the pointer. Furthermore, pointers give you a layer of abstraction above the data. On this iteration through the loop, the pointer can point to data structure X. On the next iteration through the loop, maybe it points to data structure X-prime. This gives the programmer a general way to use different data objects without having to rewrite the code to copy them around all over the place. You posted an example of an array data structure in Java below. That is actually a pointer to the array, under the covers. Languages like C and C++ make this pointer explicit, because they are intended for people who want to be a bit closer to the underlying hardware (for performance reasons, typically).

pointers are routinely used to represent conditions such as the end of a list of unknown length or the failure to perform some action; this use of null pointers can be compared to nullable types and to the Nothing value in an option type. Based pointer A based pointer is a pointer whose value is an offset from the value of another pointer. This can be used to store and load blocks of data, assigning the address of the beginning of the block to the base pointer. Multiple indirection In some languages, a pointer can reference another pointer, requiring multiple

What happens to your body that makes you dizzy when you get up too fast?

When you stand, blood briefly pools in your lower extremities. Your body undergoes what is called vasoconstriction, to equalize the blood pressure pretty quickly, by squeezing blood back up into your body. However, you have a brief period of insufficient blood in your upper body, leaving you to feel faint. People occasionally *do* faint from this in fact, if the effect is severe enough. This is called orthostatic hypotension.

dizziness, weakness or fainting. Usually this failure of compensation is due to diseases or drugs that affect the sympathetic nervous system. A similar effect is observed following the experience of excessive gravitational forces (G-loading), such as routinely experienced by aerobatic or combat pilots 'pulling Gs' where the extreme hydrostatic pressures exceed the ability of the body's compensatory mechanisms. Fluctuating blood pressure Normal fluctuation in blood pressure is adaptive and necessary. Fluctuations in pressure that are significantly greater than the norm are associated with greater white matter hyperintensity, a finding consistent with reduced local cerebral blood flow and a heightened

What would happen if an asteroid the size of the moon hit the earth?

The asteroid that may have been responsible for the extinction of the dinosaurs had a diameter of about ~~170~~ 10-15 km. The moon has a diameter of about 3,500 kilometers. I'm not a scientist so I won't pretend to tell you exactly what will happen, but I think that it goes without saying this would be a catastrophe unlike anything seen before.

from Earth's surface. The nominal orbit shows that 2014 LY₂₁ passed 0.001 AU (150,000 km; 93,000 mi) from the Moon on 4 June 2014. But the uncertainty region shows that the asteroid could have impacted the Moon or passed as far as 0.0044 AU (660,000 km; 410,000 mi). But it is very unlikely that the asteroid impacted the Moon.

My grandparents live in a small town, where all of the older residents have a land line number that begins with the same three numbers. Why is it the same?

Jesus christ, are you trying to make us feel old, OP? That's how ALL land line phone numbers used to work. If there was less than 10000 lines, they all belonged to the same exchange. You'd get 555-0000, next person got 555-0001, next person got 555-0002. You kids and your cell phones and skype and hoola hoops and pacman video games and Zima...

digits. For example, the number 38 is between 2⁵=32 and 2⁶=64, so log₂(38) is between 5 and 6. This means that ancestor no.38 belongs to generation five, and was a great-great-great-grandparent of the reference person who is no.1 (generation zero). Multiple numbers for the same person An ancestor may have two or more numbers due to pedigree collapse. For example in the above Ahnentafel for Prince William, Queen Victoria is both no.79 and no.81. She is no.79 because she was the great-great-grandmother of William's grandfather Prince Philip, and she is also no.81 because she was the great-great-grandmother of William's grandmother

How do perishable food companies know the expiration date of their food/drink?

They "set" the date, they don't know it precisely. And they set that date based on a combination of studied observation when they can (how long an apple will last) a set of conditions ("keep refrigerated" or "consume immediately on opening"), and known properties of the food and its packaging, and then add a safety margin to it. The known properties can include how long a piece of cut meat remains safe before too many bacteria contact it and start growing, or how long before the vegetable starts to get brown and crinkly and so won't sell, or how pristine a plastic wrapper can expect to last if exposed to different temperatures and degrading light sources on a store shelf, or how many preservative chemicals are contained within the product, or when it starts to smell bad, or how long before freezer-burn sets in. All of that adds up to a time when it's very likely the product will no longer be AS SAFE (which is not the same as 'safe') to consume, as well as "as tasty" and "as visually appealing" and "as mixed uniformly and not all congealed". Then they stick a time buffer on there so it expires or is 'best before' a bit before that. Finally, that Best Before date has to pass the inspection of whatever food control agencies are out there. Your business will be shut down, for example, if you sell rotten meat.

and Drug Administration (FDA) administers do not preclude the sale of food that is past the expiration date indicated on the label. FDA does not require food firms to place "expired by", "use by" or "best before" dates on food products. This information is entirely at the discretion of the manufacturer. Most expiration dates are used as guidelines based on normal and expected handling and exposure to temperature. Use prior to the expiration date does not guarantee the safety of a food or drug, and a product is not necessarily dangerous or ineffective after the expiration date. According to the United

Why Nuking a asteroid that is headed for Earth is not a good strategy.

Let's start by assuming that we have the nukes to fracture the asteroid. It may be a long shot, but nukes release a *lot* of energy and asteroids aren't necessarily as solid as a typical rock on earth. The big thing is that the Earth is still being hit. When you break an asteroid into two pieces, the energy of the original asteroid just gets split between the two, so all of that energy is still headed towards Earth. This is equally true of breaking it into 2 pieces and breaking it into a million pieces. You're not going to reduce an asteroid to sand-sized pieces, but even if you did all of that sand is going to hit the Earth. This could be bad in and of itself as all of that energy gets transferred to the atmosphere in the form of heat, although that is probably not an apocalyptic event in and of itself. However, the bit thing to realize is that the asteroid isn't going to be split into a billion pieces the size of pebbles/sand. There are going to be *lots* of pieces that are still large enough to make it to the ground. By breaking the asteroid up you are just spreading the destruction over a wider area of the planet's surface. This would be like replacing a cannon ball with grapeshot--it's still highly destructive. Ultimately nuking an asteroid would probably have *some* positive effect, but if all of the pieces are still hitting the Earth then it's not really worth it. By contrast, if we find an apocalyptic asteroid with the Earth in its sites we can send a sapcecraft to it to alter its orbit ever so slightly so that it doesn't actually hit the Earth. If we detect the object early enough then the change to its orbit would not have to be that much.

cost of some specific states' security. In Schweickart's opinion, choosing the way the asteroid should be "dragged" would be a tough diplomatic decision. Analysis of the uncertainty involved in nuclear deflection shows that the ability to protect the planet does not imply the ability to target the planet. A nuclear explosion that changes an asteroid's velocity by 10 meters/second (plus or minus 20%) would be adequate to push it out of an Earth-impacting orbit. However, if the uncertainty of the velocity change was more than a few percent, there would be no chance of directing the asteroid to a particular target.

Why are Canada Geese called such instead of Canadian Geese?

Because it's their name, not their nationality. If I live in New York, and my name is Bob France, you wouldn't call me French.

Canada goose Distribution and habitat This species is native to North America. It breeds in Canada and the northern United States in a wide range of habitats. The Great Lakes region maintains a very large population of Canada geese. Canada geese occur year-round in the southern part of their breeding range, including most of the eastern seaboard and the Pacific coast. Between California and South Carolina in the southern United States and northern Mexico, Canada geese are primarily present as migrants from further north during the winter. By the early 20th century, overhunting and loss of habitat in the late 19th

With fight or flight, is there an effective way to overcome the freeze response?

Training. Specifically, what is known as "stress inoculation." This is why new recruits in the military have to complete tasks while being yelled at and generally messed with by their instructors- a crude imitation of the stress of combat. It's why high quality police training involves responding to crises amidst all sorts of artificial stressors like simulated ammunition and panicked victims. It's why professional boxers get hit again and again and again long before stepping into the ring. If you are routinely exposed to a certain kind of stress, you can become desensitized to it. Mental armor, so to speak. You can be trained to *act* when faced with stress rather than freezing up.

his pilots of VMF-122 began what they called "Operation Freeze". In these missions, a single F4U Corsair flew at 30,000 to 33,000 feet under the guise of practicing high-altitude operations, which also had the side benefits of drawing ineffective Japanese anti-aircraft artillery fire (thereby wasting their ammunition stores), and creating ten gallons of chocolate ice cream. The field-expedient dessert was made from a concoction of canned milk and cocoa powder stored in an underwing tank, which froze during flight at the high altitude. According to the book Corsair: The F4U in World War II and Korea, Bailey called the unit

Did Rob Ford actually help the city of Toronto?

[Here's a good article that goes over the positive outcome for Toronto](_URL_0_) tl;dr: While Ford's campaign was based on "stopping the gravy train", he never found one. Gravy leaked out of small cracks in municipal government. Ford saved $100,000 here and there by combining depts, etc. Didn't see it mentioned in the article, but ~$12mil saved by privatizing garbage collection. Started MUCH needed repairs on the elevated Gardiner Expressway (only highway that serves the direct downtown area). Nothing came out of it thanks to council and provincial government, but Ford was adamant about adding and expanding subway lines.

Ford Nation (book) Synopsis The book documents the career of Toronto mayor Rob Ford and his councillor brother Doug from their perspective. Development of the book began prior to Rob Ford's death in March 2016. Publication The book was released on 22 November 2016.

Why are commenters on YouTube videos so douchey?

1. \ > 1 billion user accounts, so probably some double-digit percentage of the worlds population 2. no sorting or gating, random people from any community can trip across any other video, and some will. 3. Fans. Youtube culture encourages the type of rabid fan building that . . . okay, look, many of the heavier users on youtube are teenagers. Youtube brags that among teenagers, youtube celebrities are better known than other celebrities. There are many sensible teens. There are many sensible teens who like things that I don't like. There are also many teens who embody the worst of, say, justin bieber fans. 4. Let's combine these three points and imagine the youtube comments as the community basis for flamewars that resemble 'psx vs. n64' or 'ps2 vs. xbox', but the sides are obscure, sometimes wholly imagined by only one side, you can't always discern what point someone is making on an unrelated video from their comment if you aren't part of the sub-community, and youtube comments are the base point for these flamewars because the celebrities are wholly on youtube. You ever see those collapsed comments which begin with something like: "I like the vocals at 2:17" [[see 17 collapsed comments]] "Shitting idiot, Prussia was its own country back then and can't be blamed for that!"? Okay, that's a real example that was an argument between (I'm ashamed to have searched this up), a hetelia fan and a fan of some youtube channel that uses DnD minis to represent european countries to make racist punchlines. 5. People who aren't into that . . . stuff . . . stop commenting. People who are into that start commenting more. 6. This means there is almost always a confrontational tone/argument expectation in youtube comment sections. Which means some of the more agreeable folks who are left still commenting, are also given into interpreting other comments in the worst possible light. "Of course it's cavitation!" "Well, it's more likely a heat pump operating through sound waves passing through the centre, which is why it needs a certain frequency differential to produce heat past unity. Cavitation wouldn't explain the heat production beyond 100%, and I bet the core of that freezes after too long" "You're an idiot, there's no need for any of your fancy heat pump BS, look up cavitation!" (Real comments on a rotary water heating engine. . . albeit toned down) And then . . . what's left? A whole bunch of people arguing with each other across the breath of youtube, where 99% of everyone doesn't know what the hell they're on about, and the rest of everyone else commenting is doing so with the expectation of horrible comments & arguments to follow. We are left, in short, with the worst fraction of a billion user accounts. And the bottom 1% of that is pretty deep.

with the occasional burst of wit shining through. In September 2008, The Daily Telegraph commented that YouTube was "notorious" for "some of the most confrontational and ill-formed comment exchanges on the internet", and reported on YouTube Comment Snob, "a new piece of software that blocks rude and illiterate posts". The Huffington Post noted in April 2012 that finding comments on YouTube that appear "offensive, stupid and crass" to the "vast majority" of the people is hardly difficult. On November 6, 2013, Google implemented a new comment system that requires all YouTube users to use a Google+ account to comment on videos, thereby

Why do basements/cellars tend to attract mold and mildew so much?

A cellar is usually colder then the outside as it is kept dark and surrounded by cold dirt. Humidity is based on not only the amount of water in the air but also the temperature of the air. So when air gets down into the basement and gets cooled down its humidity increases. All life needs water to thrive. Basements with a lot of humidity will have a lot more humidity so it is easier for mold to get the water it needs.

species is unknown, some examples of commonly found indoor molds are Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Alternaria and Penicillium. Reaction to molds differ between individuals and can range from mild symptoms such as eye irritation, cough to severe life-threatening asthmatic or allergic reactions. People with history of chronic lung disease, asthma, allergy, other breathing problems or those that are immunocompromised could be more sensitive to molds and may develop fungal pneumonia. The most effective approach to control mold growth after a natural disaster is to control moisture level. Some ways to prevent mold growth after a natural disaster include opening all doors and windows,

Is it possible to have more than one type of flu (bacterial or viral) running in your body at the same time?

Just to clarify a little more... "Flu" does not just mean illness. It is specifically illness caused by *Influenza* viruses. In fact 'flu' is short for 'influenza'. The term "bacterial flu" is misleading because it means a bacterial infection occurring because your immune system has been weakened by the flu virus. So you can't have bacterial flu without having "actual" influenza caused by the influenza virus. So your answer is in your question. You can only have what is confusingly described as "bacterial flu" if you have viral flu. If you're using the word "flu" to describe any illness with similar symptoms then yes, you can definitely have as many infections as you would care to pick up. It will eventually kill you. Immune disorders (like AIDS) are such a problem because you end up with every disease and infection out there and it becomes impossible to stop the sufferer getting sick and dying from any and all kinds of infections.

"two or more people get the same illness from the same pet or other animal". In 2012, the various strains or serotypes of the Salmonella bacteria, related to the outbreaks in the United States, infected over 1800 people and killed seven. In Europe, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) reported 91,034 cases of Salmonella infection with 65,317 cases related to the 2012 outbreaks. Of those 65,317 cases, there were 61 deaths. Salmonella bacteria can be found in almost any product or animal that has been exposed to fecal matter. These exposures can occur from crops grown from

What is the difference between "Partly Cloudy" and "Partly Sunny" forecasts?

Partly Cloudy means blue skies with some clouds Partly Sunny means a cloudy sky with some occasional sun

night, high thin cirrostratus clouds can lead to halos around the moon, which indicate the approach of a warm front and its associated rain. Morning fog portends fair conditions and can be associated with a marine layer, an indication of a stable atmosphere. Rainy conditions are preceded by wind or clouds which prevent fog formation. The approach of a line of thunderstorms could indicate the approach of a cold front. Cloud-free skies are indicative of fair weather for the near future. The use of sky cover in weather prediction has led to various weather lore over the centuries. Tropical cyclones

Why do humans express ourselves creatively?

**TL;DR**: *We have intelligence and spare time and a desire to accomplish something and to leave something behind or give something to other people. Being creative uses the first to fill the second and fulfill those desires.* In terms of flair, this isn't so much about culture as it is biology. The first reason is that we're a thinking animal that isn't driven solely by instinct. We have thought processes that very very routinely move us out of the realms of "automatically do X when the environment is like Y", which cause a caterpillar to munch when placed on a leaf or a deer to run when it hears a loud noise. Then there's our lifespan and living standards. We do not sleep or have to search for food and shelter and comfort and mating every single second of every single day. We have "down time" and the intelligence to both use that "down time", and want to use that "down time" somehow or we'll get bored. Finally that intelligence causes many of us to seek creative satisfaction, and to serve some purpose. We want something called 'fulfillment' out of life. It can be a public form of fulfillment for some where they're recognized by others for what they do, a feeling of pride for having helped others feel better by doing an excellent stand-up comedy or rap song or dance routine that spreads joy, or an entirely internal drive which causes someone to feel very satisfied when they have accomplished something creative like completing a work of sculpture. All three things - time, ability enabled by intelligence, and the need for some form of personal fulfillment, lead to creative expression. And the level varies greatly from person to person, dictating how central that need is to the way they live their life.

It can be seen in tribes' adaptation of natural objects to make tools, and in the uniquely human pursuits of art and music. The creative impulse explains the constant change in fashion, technology and food in modern society. People use creative endeavors like art and literature to distinguish themselves within their social group. They also use their creativity to make money and persuade others of the value of their ideas. Religion and Spirituality Another important aspect of human behavior is religion and spirituality. According to a Pew Research Center report, 54% of adults around the world state that religion is very

When people go outside to take a breath of fresh air, why does that help calm them down?

Going outside firstly removes the trigger and stimulus that's causing the stress - and so they can get out of an emotionally charged situation. Fresh air may also be a change in temperature, so they have a different physical response too, and that may help them breathe deeper, giving the stress hormones a chance to disperse

enough space so that peoples’ hearts and minds feel big enough to live with their discomfort, their fear, their anger or their despair, or their physical or mental anguish. But you can also breathe out for those who have no food and drink, you can breathe out food and drink. For those who are homeless, you can breathe out/send them shelter. For those who are suffering in any way, you can send out safety, comfort. So in the in-breath you breathe in with the wish to take away the suffering, and breathe out with the wish to send

Program Files and Program Files (x86). Why are there two different ones and what is the difference between them?

The processor in your computer works based on instructions. Instructions like "add these two numbers", "move this number to somewhere else in the computer's memory", "erase this section of memory". When someone writes a computer program in a programming language, the compiler turns their code into a series of instructions for the processor. To make this easier there are standardized "instruction sets" that computer makers use that are the same across many processors. The most common instruction set in computers is called x86. This set is based off the instruction set for an Intel processor in the 1970s called the Intel 8086. Since then the standard has been updated many times to add new instructions as processors got more powerful. Because this instruction set is so old, it any processor that uses it is only able to use 4GB of memory in your computer. The numbers it can use as addresses in the computers memory can only go up to 2^32, which is 4,294,967,296 (aka 4 gigabytes, giga means billion.) that is to say, x86 processors have 32 bit wide address space. X86-64 (sometimes just called x64) is an addition to x86 that lets it address memory in a space 2^64 bits wide, allowing up to 256 terabytes (256 thousand gigabytes) of memory space. Basically, programs in Program Files are put together (compiled) for versions of Windows that support x86-64 processors, while programs in the Program Files (X86) folder are built for x86 (32 bit) versions of Windows. 64 bit versions of Windows should have no trouble running x86 programs.

some platforms the format is usually indicated by its filename extension, specifying the rules for how the bytes must be organized and interpreted meaningfully. For example, the bytes of a plain text file (.txt in Windows) are associated with either ASCII or UTF-8 characters, while the bytes of image, video, and audio files are interpreted otherwise. Most file types also allocate a few bytes for metadata, which allows a file to carry some basic information about itself. Some file systems can store arbitrary (not interpreted by the file system) file-specific data outside of the file format, but linked to the file,

I just read the Brian Banks story; Why are women who falsley accuse men of rape hardly ever if at all sent to prison?

If they were proved, in a court of law, beyond a reasonable doubt, to have knowingly and falsely accused someone, they do get sent to prison.

again prosecuted for rape in 2016 almost 40 years after his acquittal for the rape of Greta Rideout. However, those charges stemmed from two different charges of rape in 2013. One by a woman who had hired John Rideout to do handyman work and another by his cohabitating girlfriend at the time. He was convicted of the rapes in 2017 and sentenced to two 100-month sentences. Some criticisms of the court's involvement in this matter included that it was an inefficient use of judicial resources, and that the public scrutiny of the Rideouts' private life may have prevented the Rideouts from

How is Yahoo still a top 5 most visited website?

A tremendous number of browsers came with it auto-homepaged in the earlier days of the internet. It was the preferred way of accessing search functionality when the web really started taking off, and it had excellent branding. And that stuck, and stuck hard. A whole lot of older users have it as their home page, so every time they browse the web they start there because that's what they did ten or fifteen years ago.

It was the second most visited website on the internet as of February 1996, but it quickly dropped below rival search engines and directories such as Yahoo!, Infoseek, Lycos, and Excite by 1997.

What exactly are Reddit bots and who runs them?

They're automated computer programs. Whoever writes them runs them. Anyone can write a bot and read Reddit posts and reply. Automoderator is a special bot that's written by Reddit staff

bots is against the terms of service of many platforms, especially Twitter and Instagram. However, a certain degree of automation is of course intended by making social media APIs available. Many users, especially businesses still automate their Instagram activity in order to gain real followers rather than buying fake ones. This is commonly done through third-party social automation companies. The topic of a legal regulation of social bots is currently discussed in many countries, however due the difficulties to recognize social bots and to separate them from "eligible" automation via social media APIs, it is currently unclear how that can be

What does the term "too big to fail" mean?

It's a commonly used phrase to mean "this company is so big and does so much business that if it were to fail and go under, it would have massive negative effects on the economy as a whole." For example: We have a lot of banks in the US, but we have some *really really big* ones, too. When those banks started to fail, they were big enough that they caused massive, very bad effects to the economy of the *entire country* and frankly even extending out to foreign countries as well. Since those companies are *too big to fail,* the government needed to step in and help them to not fail in order to prevent another Great Depression.

Out-of-box failure An out-of-box failure (OBF or OOBF) refers to the perceived failure of a product that occurs immediately upon first usage. In relations to computing, an out-of-box failure can refer to the immediate failure mode when installing or performing initial configuration on a piece of computer hardware or software. Causes for out-of-box failures include poor quality control, wrong configuration of the product, and bugs/glitches if the failure is software related. It can be highly detrimental to the value of the brand, retailer, or OEM, especially when customer expectations for the product are high.

Charlottesville Protest & Violence

Biased prejudiced people are feeling empowered since the last general election. So they are coming out in a mass rally. Some of them are quite willing to use violence. This is reminiscent of the Brown Shirts in Germany before WWII. The Psychology of this behavior requires a book. Books have been written about this. [Here is a list of 16 good books](_URL_0_) I especially liked the one about Henrietta Lacks. But these books do not really describe the mind set of the protestors. Beyond Hate: White Power and Popular Culture (The Cultural Politics of Media and Popular Culture) may be one book which does. I have not read it. Many people in these groups feel disenfranchised. They actually yearn to return to the days not long past when being white automatically meant being selected for a job or admission to college.

Occupy Charlottesville Occupy Charlottesville was a social movement in Charlottesville, Virginia, United States, that began on October 15, 2011, in solidarity with Occupy Wall Street and the rest of the Occupy movement. The downtown Lee Park encampment was taken down on November 30, 2011, when 18 members of the movement were arrested and charged with trespassing. The group failed to establish a campsite after the eviction, although they continued to hold their 'General Assemblies' and participate in targeted actions for several months thereafter. The group's protests target social and economic injustice both locally and nationally. Although the group's website is still

If your voice sounds higher than what it sounds like to you, how can you sing the correct pitch?

Practice listening to yourself and *actually* hearing your own voice. Singing in a small, acoustically live room (like a bathroom) can help. I recommend purchasing some pvc pipe and making a small phone shape so that you can sing into one end and have it projected directly into your ear. I can almost certainly assure you it is not a biological problem.

same pitch as the other notes in the sequence or a completely different pitch altogether. Monica was asked to respond "yes" if she detected a pitch change on the fourth tone or respond "no" if she could not detect a pitch change. Results show that Monica could barely detect a pitch change as large as two semitones (whole tone), or half steps. While this pitch-processing deficit is extremely severe, it does not seem to include speech intonation. This is because pitch variations in speech are very coarse compared with those used in music. In conclusion, Monica's learning disability arises

Why are there no Grape flavored Yogurts?

Chobani made a grape yogurt, but I don't think it sold very well. Grape and yogurt doesn't really mix in a way that is large scale marketable to consumers. Yogurt can be kind of sour, mixing that with grape is not a flavor many people can get behind.

for beverages or yogurts. Juice from the ripe berries is astringent, sweet (with high sugar content), sour (low pH), and contains vitamin C. In addition to juice, the fruit can be baked into soft breads. In the U.S., Aronia berries are also marketed for their antioxidant properties.

Please ELI5 the concept of IPOs and what are the effects of this IPO to companies that did not previously have this.

IPO = Initial Public Offering Could also be called "Taking a company public" ELI5 version - You own a company. It is not small, but not as large as you want it to be. You could borrow money from a bank in order to grow your business, but for a bunch of reasons banks are not always willing or able to loan you large sums of money. Instead, you offer to sell ownership of your company to the general public - in the form of shares - in exchange for their money. In effect, your company is now partially owned by private individuals and investors, and you have more money to invest in further business development. There are huge legal implications of this. Every country has security laws which must be followed when you take a company public. This is mostly to prevent abuse of the public through various scams and insider trading.

IPO were also credited as a cause for this decision.

Why is tinfoil (aluminum foil) so heat resistant?

Heat resistent in what way? If you refer to "Why doesn't it melt", simply because it's melting point is incredibly high, much higher than your grill can produce (​(660.32 °C, ​1220.58 °F). If you are instead refering to "Why doesn't it get super hot to the touch" then you're building on a wrong premise: it isn't heat resistant at all and does get hot. It gets just as hot as the food underneath it. However tinfoil is so thin and so large that any heat that it does have dissapitates into the surrounding air almost instantly. Things that have little mass cannot hold as well to their energy as more massive things, and things with large surface area cool down faster than things that have lower area.

a radiation barrier by attaching metal foil on one side or both sides, this thermal insulation mainly reduces the radiation heat transfer. Although the polished metal foil attached on the materials can only prevent the radiation heat transfer, its effect to stop heat transfer can be dramatic. Another thermal insulation that doesn’t apply air cavity is vacuum insulation, the vacuum-insulated panels can stop all kinds of convection and conduction and it can also largely mitigate the radiation heat transfer. But the effectiveness of vacuum insulation is also limited by the edge of the material, since the edge of the vacuum

How exactly does alcohol get you "drunk"

Alcohol is a chemical that affects almost every organ in the human body, but in particular it interferes with the brains' cells abilities to communicate with each other. If you drink alcohol faster than your liver and kidneys can process it, it begins to build up in the bloodstream and hence gets carried to your brain, where it basically blocks some of the normal brain behaviour from occurring. [This paper explains alcohol's physical effects](_URL_0_) in a reasonably simple to understand format.

Alcoholic drink An alcoholic drink (or alcoholic beverage) is a drink that contains ethanol, a type of alcohol produced by fermentation of grains, fruits, or other sources of sugar. The consumption of alcohol plays an important social role in many cultures. Most countries have laws regulating the production, sale, and consumption of alcoholic beverages. Some countries ban such activities entirely, but alcoholic drinks are legal in most parts of the world. The global alcoholic drink industry exceeded $1 trillion in 2018. Alcohol is a depressant, which in low doses causes euphoria, reduces anxiety, and improves sociability. In higher doses, it causes

Why do french fries taste good while they're hot and nasty cold?

Your tongue can detect basic flavours only: sweetness, saltiness, sourness, etc. Most of what we call the sense of taste is actually sense of smell. (An experiment can confirm this: peel an apple and a raw potato and cut a cube from each. Pinch your nose and eat both, and it may be hard to tell which is which.) The smell of food while eating comes from molecules being carried from the food into your nose via the back of your mouth. Food that is hot gives off loads of these molecules, but food that is cold gives off hardly any. Hence a large part of the flavour of food is lost when it is cold, so your fries no longer taste as good.

aioli, brown sauce, ketchup, lemon juice, piccalilli, pickled cucumber, pickled gherkins, pickled onions or pickled eggs. Health aspects French fries primarily contain carbohydrates (mostly in the form of starch) and protein from the potato, and fat absorbed during the deep-frying process. Salt, which contains sodium, is almost always applied as a surface seasoning. For example, a large serving of french fries at McDonald's in the United States is 154 grams. The 510 calories come from 66 g of carbohydrates, 24 g of fat, 7 g of protein and 350 mg of sodium. Experts have criticized french fries for being very unhealthy. According

How are we able to measure space?

There are several methods to calculate the distance of a celestial body. Which one is used depends on the exact circumstance. Here are some of the most important methods: --- * **Parallax**: Earth orbits the sun. In the process of this orbit, we change our position in space relative to a celestial body (just like you see a nearby tree in a different position if you move 10 steps to one side) Using trigonometry, we can calculate the distance to the celestial body in question. * Advantages: very precise for close objects, no complicated instruments needed. * Disadvantage: only possible for close objects --- * **Spectral emission**: Stars emit photons with specific wavelengths based on the material they are fusing in their core. We can identify the composition of a star by analyzing those photons. Due to the expansion of space, however, the wavelengths of photons emitted very far away get redshifted. That means, their wavelengths get longer the further they travel. By comparing the wavelengths of the photons we *measure* to the wavelengths the photons *should have* we can calculate the distance those photons traveled. And thus the distance to the celestial body. * Advantage: Possible over longer distances * Disadvantage: The object has to be bright enough so we can measure spectral lines reliably --- * **Standard candles**: Standard candles are celestial bodies of known luminosity (~brightness). We know this luminosity due to the characteristics of some bodies (special types of super novae etc.) By comparing the absolute brightness to the apparent brightness (the brightness the object has vs the brightness we see from the distance) we can calculate the distance to the standard candle. By identifying standard candles in distant galaxies and nebulae, we can infer the distance of those structures. * Advantage: Possible over long distances * Disadvantage: We need to find standard candles ---

how to measure distance in space using parallax. The NASA Sci-Ke group was composed of the following students: Max, Tatiana, Kiara, Ashely Kimberly Echevaria, Cynthia Roman, Aida Yoguely Cortés-Peña, Bryan Plaza, Bryan Castillo, Rubén, David, Amir Saffar, Jonathan and Brandon.

How do nuclear launch codes work exactly, and can just about anyone use it?

This was covered in part by This American Life recently. _URL_0_ "So, here's the thing about the codes that people don't realize. It's not like he has a piece of paper in his pocket. It's like, here are the nuclear codes. It doesn't work that way. How it works is, there's a military officer that walks around with what's called a Football. That officer, he's got more experience than I do. And at the end of the day, if the president goes off the handle and says, nuke these guys because I don't like them, we're taught, in the military, as officers, that we have a moral obligation to refuse orders that are not moral. So if my commander tells me to do that, and it is not moral, I have an obligation to tell him to [BLEEP] off."

to nuclear safety expert Bruce G. Blair, the US Air Force's Strategic Air Command worried that in times of need the codes for the Minuteman ICBM force would not be available, so it quietly decided to set the codes to 00000000 in all missile launch control centers. Blair said the missile launch checklists included an item confirming this combination until 1977. A 2014 article in Foreign Policy said that the US Air Force told the United States House Committee on Armed Services that "A code consisting of eight zeroes has never been used to enable a MM ICBM, as claimed

Why do I always wake up early after a night of hard drinking?

It also messes with your sleep cycle. I'm afraid I can't remember exactly how it goes about doing this, but I saw a documentary where the person who the sleep-scientists gave several large glasses of red wine ended up staying in REM and light sleep relatively longer, and only attaining deep sleep for a short time before coming back into lighter sleep at an early stage than normal

to, and the oaths we never keep,     And all we know most distant and most dear, Across the snoring barrack-room return to break our sleep,     Can you blame us if we soak ourselves in beer? When the drunken comrade mutters and the great guard-lantern gutters     And the horror of our fall is written plain, Every secret, self-revealing on the aching white-washed ceiling,     Do you wonder that we drug ourselves from pain? We have done with Hope and Honour, we are lost to Love and Truth,     We are dropping down the ladder rung by rung, And the measure of our torment is the measure of our youth.     God help us, for we

What the Drake and Meek Mill beef was all about.

Meek called Drake out for using a ghost writer (aka, having someone else write his songs and hiding that). Drake got offended and started a one-sided twitter war while Meek sat back and laughed. Drake made a dis track, Meek still sat back and laughed. It's a joke because it's like watching a 3 year old throw a tantrum and tell their parents they hate them and they're running away forever while the parents are like "yea, sure, uh huh, finish your juice sweetie".

The Wyatt Family Concept Wyatt was portrayed as an evil cult leader who believed himself to be more monster than human. Their gimmick is based on a backwoods cult and Wyatt's character has drawn comparisons to Charles Manson and wrestler Waylon Mercy as well as Max Cady from Cape Fear. During the early process of creation, Judas Devlin and Baron Corbin were considered as part of the stable. Formation and beginnings (2012–2013) The character of Bray Wyatt debuted in Florida Championship Wrestling (FCW) in April 2012 and initially associated himself with Eli Cottonwood. When WWE re-branded their developmental territory into