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Abstract

This article describes a special move operation provided to assist a microprocessor perform the 'insert' function in a large-screen alphanumeric display terminal. The same operation can also be used to assist with other tasks, such as deleting, repeating to address, clearing, and the general movement of data within the character buffer for the display.

Country

United States

Language

English (United States)

This text was extracted from a PDF file.

This is the abbreviated version, containing approximately
53% of the total text.

Page 1 of 2

Special Move Operation for Insert Assistance

This article describes a special move operation provided to assist a
microprocessor perform the 'insert' function in a large-screen alphanumeric
display terminal. The same operation can also be used to assist with other tasks,
such as deleting, repeating to address, clearing, and the general movement of
data within the character buffer for the display.

When a character is to be inserted, the operation to be performed on the data
in a character buffer RAM (ramdom-access memory) of the terminal is to shift a
number of bytes to the right by one or two bytes, thus making room for the new
character (and its character attribute, if it has one).

In this description, 'source address' refers to the address in the character
buffer from which a byte is read, and 'sink address' means the address to which
a byte is written.

The desired shifting operation can be achieved by incorporating a 3-byte first-
in, first-out (FIFO) buffer through which the bytes are written. Because two extra
bytes are buffered (in addition to the single byte buffered by a conventional
move), no replication or loss of bytes will result when the initial sink address is
one or two bytes to the right of the initial source address.

The required move operation can readily be perfomred by a display adapter,
which interfaces between the microprocessor and the display device and
contains all the registers needed to define and control such an operation. These
are: - an address counter for the source address, - an address counter for the
sink address, - a counter for the number of bytes to be moved, and - three
registers to buffer the bytes being moved.

Implementation of the special move operation only requires the addition of
controls for the operation, all paths needed by the operation being already
present in the dataflow to and from the character buffer RAM.

Two of the registers participating in the 3-byte FIFO are loaded (during an
operation list fetch procedure of the special move) with the first two bytes that will
be written to RAM. These could be the character and the character attribute
being inserted. The source and sink address and the byte count are also set up
during the special move operation list fetch procedure.

The actual move starts with the display adapter reading a byte from RAM at
the source address, which it places in the FIFO. The adapter then increments
the source address by one, extracts a byte from the FIFO, writes it into RAM at
the sink address, increments the sink address, and decrements the byte count.
The operation continues with the adapter alternately reading the writing bytes
until the number of bytes specified by the intial byte count have been written to
RAM.

This special move operation performs as follows for some of the more useful
relative starting values of the source and sink addresses. The first two bytes with