<p>I have an API in a container and when I create a cluster the api works fine, but the pods constantly restart and there isn't any specific reason why in the logs.</p>
<p>I'm on an m5.Large EC2 instance and using k3d. I was following a demo so after installing k3d I ran this command</p>
<pre><code>k3d cluster create test -p &quot;80:80@loadbalancer&quot;
</code></pre>
<p>Here is my deployment file</p>
<pre><code>apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: stock-api
  labels:
    app: stock-api
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: stock-api
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: stock-api
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: stock-api
        image: mpriv32/stock-api:latest
        envFrom:
        - secretRef:
            name: api-credentials
</code></pre>
<p>Service file</p>
<pre><code>apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: stock-api
  labels:
    app: stock-api
spec:
  type: ClusterIP
  ports:
  - port: 80
    protocol: TCP
    targetPort: 80
  selector:
    app: stock-api
</code></pre>
<p>My third file is just my secrets file which I just removed the values for this post</p>
<pre><code>apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: api-credentials
stringData:
  ACCESS_KEY:
  SECRET_KEY:
  EMAIL_PASSWORD:
  EMAIL_USER:
  API_KEY:
</code></pre>
<p>I applied all of the files and the API works fine, but then my pods constantly restart.</p>
<p>First I ran this command and the reason I got stock information is because I had a print statement in my application to test the api response and forgot to remove it.</p>
<pre><code>kubectl logs -p stock-api-7f5c45776b-gc67c 
{'Company': {'S': 'AAPL'}, 'DailyPrice': {'S': '166.02'}}
</code></pre>
<p>Getting the logs didn't help, so then I ran describe and got this output</p>
<pre><code>  Normal   Scheduled  16m                 default-scheduler  Successfully assigned default/stock-api-7f5c45776b-gc67c to k3d-test-server-0
  Normal   Pulled     15m                 kubelet            Successfully pulled image &quot;mpriv32/stock-api:latest&quot; in 16.509616605s
  Normal   Pulled     15m                 kubelet            Successfully pulled image &quot;mpriv32/stock-api:latest&quot; in 696.527075ms
  Normal   Pulled     15m                 kubelet            Successfully pulled image &quot;mpriv32/stock-api:latest&quot; in 734.334806ms
  Normal   Pulled     15m                 kubelet            Successfully pulled image &quot;mpriv32/stock-api:latest&quot; in 823.429206ms
  Normal   Started    15m (x4 over 15m)   kubelet            Started container stock-api
  Normal   Pulling    14m (x5 over 16m)   kubelet            Pulling image &quot;mpriv32/stock-api:latest&quot;
  Normal   Pulled     14m                 kubelet            Successfully pulled image &quot;mpriv32/stock-api:latest&quot; in 698.883126ms
  Normal   Created    14m (x5 over 15m)   kubelet            Created container stock-api
  Warning  BackOff    62s (x67 over 15m)  kubelet            Back-off restarting failed container
</code></pre>
<p>It constantly keeps &quot;backoff restarting&quot;</p>
<pre><code>When I run `describe po` I get this

Name:         stock-api-7f5c45776b-gc67c
Namespace:    default
Priority:     0
Node:         k3d-test-server-0/172.18.0.2
Start Time:   Mon, 23 May 2022 06:44:42 +0000
Labels:       app=stock-api
              pod-template-hash=7f5c45776b
Annotations:  &lt;none&gt;
Status:       Running
IP:           10.42.0.9
IPs:
  IP:           10.42.0.9
Controlled By:  ReplicaSet/stock-api-7f5c45776b
Containers:
  stock-api:
    Container ID:   containerd://846d4c5c282274453c4b2ad8b834f20d2c673468ca18386d7404b07915b81a9c
    Image:          mpriv32/stock-api:latest
    Image ID:       docker.io/mpriv32/stock-api@sha256:98189cdf972ed61af79505b58aba2a0166fd012f5be4e0f012b2dffa0ea3dd5f
    Port:           &lt;none&gt;
    Host Port:      &lt;none&gt;
    State:          Waiting
      Reason:       CrashLoopBackOff
    Last State:     Terminated
      Reason:       Completed
      Exit Code:    0
      Started:      Mon, 23 May 2022 08:23:16 +0000
      Finished:     Mon, 23 May 2022 08:23:17 +0000
    Ready:          False
    Restart Count:  24
    Environment Variables from:
      api-credentials  Secret  Optional: false
    Environment:       &lt;none&gt;
    Mounts:
      /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from kube-api-access-czkv9 (ro)
Conditions:
  Type              Status
  Initialized       True 
  Ready             False 
  ContainersReady   False 
  PodScheduled      True 
Volumes:
  kube-api-access-czkv9:
    Type:                    Projected (a volume that contains injected data from multiple sources)
    TokenExpirationSeconds:  3607
    ConfigMapName:           kube-root-ca.crt
    ConfigMapOptional:       &lt;nil&gt;
    DownwardAPI:             true
QoS Class:                   BestEffort
Node-Selectors:              &lt;none&gt;
Tolerations:                 node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute op=Exists for 300s
                             node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute op=Exists for 300s
Events:
  Type     Reason   Age                    From     Message
  ----     ------   ----                   ----     -------
  Warning  BackOff  3m8s (x457 over 102m)  kubelet  Back-off restarting failed container
</code></pre>
<p>Dockerfile for my application</p>
<pre><code>FROM python:3.8

COPY app.py .

RUN pip install requests python-dotenv

ARG API_KEY
ARG EMAIL_USER
ARG EMAIL_PASSWORD

ENV API_KEY $API_KEY
ENV EMAIL_USER $EMAIL_USER
ENV EMAIL_PASSWORD $EMAIL_PASSWORD

COPY database.py .

RUN pip install boto3

ARG ACCESS_KEY
ARG SECRET_KEY

ENV ACCESS_KEY $ACCESS_KEY
ENV SECRET_KEY $SECRET_KEY

CMD [&quot;python&quot;, &quot;database.py&quot;]

EXPOSE 80
</code></pre>
<p>app.py</p>
<pre><code>from datetime import datetime
import smtplib
import os
import requests

today_date = {datetime.today().strftime(&quot;%Y-%m-%d&quot;)}


url = (
    'https://api.polygon.io/v1/open-close/{stock}/2022-05-10?adjusted=true&amp;apiKey={API_key}'
)

if os.path.isfile('.env'):
    from dotenv import load_dotenv
    load_dotenv()

def __send_email(stock_data: str) -&gt; None:
    gmail_user = os.getenv('EMAIL_USER')
    gmail_password = os.getenv('EMAIL_PASSWORD')

    mail_from = gmail_user
    mail_to = gmail_user

    mail_subject = f'Your stock update for {datetime.today().strftime(&quot;%m/%d/%Y&quot;)}'
    mail_message = f'Subject: {mail_subject}\n\n{stock_data}'

    server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com', 587)
    server.starttls()
    server.login(gmail_user, gmail_password)
    server.sendmail(mail_from, mail_to, mail_message)
    server.close()

class api_data:
    response = requests.get(url.format(
        stock=os.getenv('stock'),
        API_key=os.getenv('API_key')
    ))

    data = response.json()
    ticker = data['symbol']
    daily_high = data['high']
    daily_low = data['low']
    daily_close = data['close']

def __email_body():

    stock_data = (
        f&quot;&quot;&quot;For the stock: {api_data.ticker}
        \nToday's high was {api_data.daily_high}
        \nToday's low was $ {api_data.daily_low} 
        \n{api_data.ticker} closed at $ {api_data.daily_close}&quot;&quot;&quot;
    )

    __send_email(stock_data)

__email_body()
</code></pre>
<p>database.py</p>
<pre><code>import boto3
import app
import os

#Pulling stock name and daily price from API
stock_name = str(app.api_data.ticker)
stock_price = str(app.api_data.daily_close)

if os.path.isfile('.env'):
    from dotenv import load_dotenv
    load_dotenv()

ACCESS_KEY = os.getenv('ACCESS_KEY')
SECRET_KEY = os.getenv('SECRET_KEY')

#DynamoDB table name
table_name = &quot;stock_tracker&quot;
dynamodb_client = boto3.client('dynamodb', region_name='us-west-2', aws_access_key_id=ACCESS_KEY, aws_secret_access_key=SECRET_KEY)

stock_info ={
    'Company': {'S': stock_name}
    ,'DailyPrice': {'S': stock_price}
}

print(stock_info)


if __name__ == &quot;__main__&quot;:
    
    dynamodb_client.put_item(TableName = table_name, Item = stock_info )
</code></pre>

<p>first of all the below line doesnt appears to be a log entry</p>
<pre><code>{'Company': {'S': 'AAPL'}, 'DailyPrice': {'S': '166.02'}}
</code></pre>
<p>you need to have log option, timestamp and other standard values in the log entry. It appears to be a code issue. plug-in standard logging lib like log4j and add log level like debug/warn/error etc to output proper log events. This would help you troubleshoot the issue.</p>
