You first statement is a close approximation of the dogma "Extra ecclesiam nulla salus."  A lot of posters on this site disagree with anything that has the whiff of dogma, so you should probably study it, just in case you are asked to defend it - not that that will matter to any number here, but at least you gave it a try.  

The next few sentences, unfortunately, smack (this might be your "Fight Club" confusion) of Feeneyism - a condemned doctrinal position.  Rather than this position, Chaput seems to indicate that it would be in order to recognize by name what is true in practice - that some people are happy being "cultural Catholic" without a desire to perform even the simplest of human endeavors - learning.