But were those really "official teachings"? Where did the hierarchy teach definitively that it was a matter of faith and morals to sell indulgences and that we must do that? Or was this the actions of some rogue priests and bishops? Where did they teach definitively that Limbo was real and that the faithful had to submit to this teaching, or was it just casually brought up as a "possibility"? As for biology, well, biologically speaking regarding sexual actions, it's seems to me that the Church is spot on. Just because something is shown in other species of animals, does not mean that it is a good thing.