"Fake news" is usually just slanted or biased financial articles.
It costs many investors money.
The obvious flip side is that its the writers of "fake news" are often in a position to make that (lost) money...
Why not,since their are no consequences ?
So this is a form of fraud that has been played out since day 1 of the market...but I certainly do not find that this  "makes investing so much more satisfying than partisan politics"
........
Rather than just "caution" investors about this,the  media should step up and play a role in exposing the financial conflicts that promote it.
I am very disappointed and puzzled that it does not seem to be willing or interested in doing this.