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Multi-choice problem: Continue writing the next sentence in this paragraph:
The person continues shaving and combing the mans hair as well as shaving his beard covering in shaving cream. the man
Options:
1). turns off the camera and puts it down as well.
2). hops the shaving cream into his mouth and shaves his beard with the razor going very messily, then a young man talks in front of him.
3). continues to shave with the brush himself with fluid as well as with a unusual smoothness.
4). wipes off the face when he's done and showing off the clean shave. | 4). |
In this task, you are given a text of many news articles seperated by special token "|||||". Your task is to summarize them.
For Barcelona, Tourism Boom Comes At High Cost
Enlarge this image toggle caption Manu Fernandez/AP Manu Fernandez/AP
On a mild, sunny afternoon, hordes of tourists stroll down Barcelona's famous tree-lined pedestrian avenue, La Rambla. They love it — the weather, the tapas, the laid-back bohemian vibe. One tourist from Australia says he's visited Barcelona 12 times in 10 years.
But the city doesn't always love them back.
In January, thousands of Barcelona residents marched down La Rambla and "occupied" the entrance to a hotel there, to protest the volume of tourists and gentrification in the city.
Such rallies began in the summer of 2014, after a group of Italian tourists rented a flat for a bachelor party in an old fishermen's barrio on Barcelona's seafront. One morning, three of the visitors were photographed gallivanting around the neighborhood grocery store — stark naked — as elderly neighbors looked on, aghast. Their antics made the local newspapers and sparked protests which have spread across the city in recent years.
That incident became a symbol of tourists gone wild in Barcelona, and gave birth to neighborhood anti-tourism groups.
"The promotion of tourism, and all these tourist apartments, is actually driving neighbors out," says Martí Cusó, a member of one anti-tourism group in Barcelona's Gothic quarter, where his family has lived for three generations.
Enlarge this image toggle caption Lauren Frayer for NPR Lauren Frayer for NPR
He takes NPR on a tour of his barrio, where the dry cleaner and local tailor have closed, their storefronts converted into a 24-hour mini-mart and souvenir shop. A city square that used to be entirely residential is now lined with hotels. The only remaining apartment building has just been renovated into luxury condos, mostly to be used as vacation homes for wealthy foreigners.
"All the community that was living here has been broken — completely broken," Cusó says.
At his local market, the centuries-old La Boquería, most people are not buying vegetables.
"They crowd the passageways, taking photos, so regular people can't do their grocery shopping," says Rocí Gayo, who has sold fruit at La Boquería for 20 years. "Out of 20 tourists, if I'm lucky, maybe one will buy one piece of fruit — but no more."
Two years ago, City Hall banned tour groups of 15 or more people from entering the market altogether on Saturday and Sundays before 3 p.m. — peak shopping hours.
Tourism does bring revenue, and has helped Barcelona grow. It currently makes up about 12 percent of Barcelona's economy — up from less than 2 percent before the 1992 Olympic Games showcased this city to the world.
But tourism revenue is not shared as equitably as many locals would like. As old rent controls expire, restaurant and hotel chains have gobbled up mom-and-pop, family-run businesses. With more than 30 million annual tourists in a city of 1.6 million residents, there may be more tourist rentals in Barcelona than year-long leases for full-time residents, says Janet Sanz, the deputy mayor in charge of urban planning.
Enlarge this image toggle caption Lauren Frayer for NPR Lauren Frayer for NPR
"It started with the '92 Olympics, and it's opened to the world," Sanz told NPR in an interview at her office. "We understand that other people love our city. But we're becoming a tourist theme park, every time a grocery store closes and a souvenir shop takes its place. People live and work here. It's not just a fun weekend place."
In January, City Hall banned new hotel beds in the historic quarter. Late last year, it slapped the home-sharing companies Airbnb and HomeAway each with 600,000-euro fines ($634,000) for listing unlicensed tourist rentals.
Such companies have become targets of public anger over rising real estate prices and a diminishing supply of year-long leases. Homeowners can make much more money renting short-term to tourists than long-term to locals.
Sanz estimates there are 10,000 licensed, short-term rental flats in the city, and about 7,000 illegal ones.
"We agree with them on the need to crack down on unwelcome commercial operators," says Patrick Robinson, regional director of public policy for Airbnb, who traveled from London to negotiate with Barcelona officials. "But the city also needs to come to terms with the fact that Barcelona residents are using space in their homes to generate much-needed income at a time of economic stress."
Starting this spring, Airbnb has agreed to limit homeowners to one property listing per person in the city center. But it disputes the city's rule that every listing must have a tourist license — which requires a long bureaucratic process — especially if you're renting out part of your own home.
That's the new sharing economy, Robinson says, and Airbnb helps disperse tourists throughout the whole city.
"More than 70 percent of guests who travel to Barcelona with Airbnb say they want to live like locals do. That is why so many people are now staying in areas that don't normally see tourists," Robinson says. "This is a different kind of tourism."
Enlarge this image toggle caption Lauren Frayer for NPR Lauren Frayer for NPR
The city frames the licensing dispute as a security issue and encourages tourists to ask landlords if they have a tourist license before they rent. Otherwise, city inspectors could evict tourists from unlicensed apartments at a moment's notice, Sanz warns.
Late last year, Sanz and her City Hall colleagues conducted a citizens' survey. Residents responded that their No. 1 concern is still unemployment — currently at around 10 percent — even though the Spanish economy has rebounded from the economic crisis.
Their No. 2 concern: Too many tourists. ||||| Authorities in Barcelona are so fed up with tourist hordes that they have banned new hotels from opening in parts of the city.
They are also - under a sustainable tourism plan approved at the end of January - considering increasing a property tax on tourist accommodation and even introducing a tax for day-trippers.
Barcelona is one of Europe's top destinations but many residents complain the city is being overrun and losing its character.
Shops catering to tourists are pushing out amenities for locals Credit: Manfred Gottschalk mago-world-image/Manfred Gottschalk
Critics say local amenities are being pushed out of the city centre to make way for shops and bars that cater to tourists, while overcrowding around the city's attractions makes roads and streets a nightmare to use.
This summer, action will be taken to reduce pressure on the most heavily touristed areas, such as the Barceloneta beach and the Sagrada Familia, that includes relocating the terraces of certain bars and limiting the circulation of scooters or segways.
"The number of tourist flats in the city is staggering," said Sally Davies, our Barcelona expert, "and has pushed long-term rental prices to stratospheric levels.
Tourist numbers are increasing every year Credit: This content is subject to copyright./Jose Fuste Raga
"It’s hard to not feel exasperated with the clogged-up streets, elevated prices and the closure of tiny family-run businesses. There are now ice-cream parlours where there used to be bodegas, launderettes, herbal pharmacies and hardware stores – specialist shops for locals, who have never really taken to the mega supermarket concept.
"The tens of thousands who come in on cruise ships every month are a big part of the problem too," she added, "they fill the streets but don’t eat or drink, because all of that is provided on board."
How to avoid being an annoying tourist
With visitor numbers in the city increasing every year, our Barcelona expert had the following tips for enjoying this wonderful city without becoming a nuisance:
Tourists are advised to eat local Credit: This content is subject to copyright./Carlos Sanchez Pereyra
Eat and drink local
‘Buy local’ is an obvious one. But eat and drink local, too. Coffee is no better in Starbucks than it is in the sleepy little bar on the corner and will cost you twice as much. If you want ice cream, buy it from an independent shop, not Häagen-Dazs.
Shop at museums
Avoid souvenir shops, which have become something of a plague. Go to a museum gift shop instead, or any of the many ceramics shops, which are also aimed at tourists but sell locally produced and artisanal pieces, with authentic links to the region.
Leave the bike behind
When it comes to sightseeing, quirky transport and tours are ever more popular, but one of the things that frustrates locals the most are the fleets of segways, bikes and scooters that clog up narrow medieval streets and send pedestrians ducking into doorways to avoid being mown down.
Let your app be your guide
Barcelona is not a big place, and one of its great strengths is that you can walk everywhere, particularly in the Old City. Self-guided tours – with a guidebook or app – make perfect sense, and break down the ‘them and us’ divide that makes Barcelonins feel they are living in a theme park.
Rent responsibly
The pull of tourist apartments is understandable, being cheaper than a hotel and having self-catering facilities, but use them responsibly. Keep the noise levels down both inside and outside the building.
Or just stay in a hotel - this is the rooftop of the Pullman Barcelona Skipper Credit: Copyright:Marco Pastori/Photographer:Marco Pastori
Opt for a home stay
Wherever you can, rent a room within a home rather than a whole flat – that way you’re not occupying a flat that would otherwise be rented or bought by Catalans, who are being priced out of the market by speculators looking to make a fast buck. ||||| Barely two days after banning all new hotels from its city center, Barcelona is escalating its war on tourism. Mayor Ada Colau presented her Strategic Plan For Tourism 2020, which includes measures that she says will further curb tourism and reclaim the city for its inhabitants.
Barcelona has a population of 1.6 million, and received 32 million visitors last year. Tourism accounts for a significant chunk of the city's economy—14%—but the ill effects on permanent residents from being such a tourist destination are starting to pile up. The tourism industry pushes out local stores in the city center to make room for bland bars and tourist-trap shopping. Employment is seasonal and casual—a serious problem in a country with an unemployment rate at around 43% for young people—and property prices keep rising, along with rental costs, making it nearly impossible for residents to find affordable housing.
The new plan's goal is to "govern tourism," according to El País. Colau seeks to curb the worst excesses of the industry, and tightly control those it allows to remain in place. In an effort to dampen the short-term rental market, Barcelona will now apply the highest property tax rate to vacation apartments, and the city will not provide licenses for new tourist apartments. The city council is also seeking permission from the Catalan government to regulate room rentals in non-hotel accommodations, like bed and breakfasts, which would allow the city to dictate how many rooms are available per floor, or for how much of the year those rooms could be rented out.
[Photo: JanHetman/iStock]
Sleepover tourism, however, is not the only target of the Strategic Plan: New measures will also ramp up charges for day trippers, making Barcelona less attractive as a cheap tourist destination. This will mostly be accomplished through indirect means: A test scheme, for instance, will raise the parking rates for tourist buses stopping at the Montjuïc fountains—a major traffic hotspot as well as tourist hellhole—from €4.50 to €34 ($4.80 to $36). That, in turn, will likely hike the cost for people on the buses.
Other measures will affect residents more directly: There are plans to limit the use of Segways and electric scooters in the more touristic parts of the city (they are on the seafront), to pedestrianize certain hotspots on the busiest days, and to relocate the terraces of bars and restaurants, which often take over public spaces.
Taken together, it's obvious that Barcelona is serious about curbing tourism, and instead focusing on an economy that can create greater benefit for its local residents. The tourism sector isn't happy, of course, but the industry relies on growth and invasion at the expense of local culture. Tourism may be a big money maker, but it has minimal benefits for the majority of citizens. ||||| | While many cities would welcome 32 million annual visitors, Barcelona has had quite enough of tourists, thank you very much. Though tourism represents 14% of the Spanish city's economy, a tourism plan presented by Mayor Ada Colau this week lays out measures meant to dissuade tourists from rubbing elbows with Barcelona's 1.6 million residents, reports Fast Company. The proposals include blocking licenses for new vacation rentals and taxing those that already exist at the highest property tax rate. The city also has banned hotel construction in the city center and is seeking permission to regulate room rentals at hostels, B&Bs, and other accommodations. There are even plans to increase parking fees for tourist buses. Why are such measures necessary, according to city officials? For one, local businesses like dry cleaners and hardware stores are suffering as those catering to tourists are taking over. Jobs in these establishments are seasonal—a major issue given Spain's 43% unemployment rate for young people. Property prices and rental rates are increasing, to boot. "The number of tourist flats in the city is staggering … and has pushed long-term rental prices to stratospheric levels," one expert tells the Telegraph. All of this has spawned "anti-tourism groups," per NPR—and they aren't just on the fringe. In a 2016 survey, Barcelona residents named unemployment as the only issue of greater concern than the number of tourists. |
Generate a context and a hypothesis.
Answer: Context: Seattle Mariners' Boog Powell, left, dives back to first base as Tampa Bay Rays' Rickie Weeks waits for the ball on a throw from home in the first inning of a game on June 4, 2017, in Seattle. Weeks has joined the Durham Bulls on an injury rehabilitation assignment. Elaine Thompson AP
Hypothesis: Tampa Bay Rays' Rickie Weeks waits for the ball on a throw from home in the first inning of a game on June 4, 2017 as Seattle Mariners' Boog Powell, left, dives back to first base as , in Seattle. Weeks has been reassigned to the Durham Bulls.
Generate a context and a hypothesis.
Answer: Context: Krieger will play for Team Israel in the World Baseball Classic, MLB.com's Jordan Bastian reports. Krieger was the Tribe's fourth-round pick in 2015 and will make his debut on the world stage in March. The middle infielder from Clemson hit .299/.377/.417 with 21 steals (he was caught 15 times, too) last season. Krieger's still a few years away from being on the MLB radar, but his performance in the WBC is worth watching for those in dynasty leagues.
Hypothesis: Baseball is Israel's favorite sport.
Generate a context and a hypothesis.
Answer: Context: Rhododendron luteum, the yellow azalea or honeysuckle azalea, is a species of "Rhododendron" native to southeastern Europe and southwest Asia. In Europe, it occurs from southern Poland and Austria south through the Balkans and east to southern Russia, and in Asia, east to the Caucasus.
Hypothesis: Rhododendron luteum, the yellow azalea or honeysuckle azalea, is a drinkable of "Rhododendron"
Generate a context and a hypothesis.
Answer: | Context: Big Boat<br>Joe bought a brand new boat. He was very excited to show it off to all of his friends. In his excitement he dropped the keys, while signing the final papers. After a brief moment of fear, Joe found the keys on the dock. Joe breathed a sigh of relief as he headed home to see his friends.
Hypothesis: Joe took the boat to see his friends. |
In this task, you are given a text of many news articles seperated by special token "|||||". Your task is to summarize them.
WEST PALM BEACH, Fla. -- - Walking in slowly and without saying a word, Kimberly Lucas, 40, listened to a Palm Beach County judge deny her bond for the murder charges she faces in connection with the death of her former partner's two-year-old girl.
Lucas is accused of killing Elliana Lucas-Jamason and attempting to kill the 10-year-old brother of the girl before investigators said she tried killing herself.
A newly released arrest report reveals the alleged suicide note police found in a word document in an open computer at the scene.
In the note, Lucas references a sermon she had listened to the day before the alleged killing delivered by Metropolitan Community Church Pastor Lea Brown. The sermon touched on Genesis 22 where God asks Abraham to kill his son Isaac.
"Lea's sermon really, really touched me yesterday, but God never told me to stop!" reveals the document.
"The sermons that are preached in this church are always about God's love. About forgiveness. About acceptance," said Brian Ladd, an active member of the church and family friend.
Ladd said he cannot believe Lucas would reference the sermon in an alleged suicide note.
"It just is really the writing of someone who is really disturbed, very broken," said Ladd.
The note found by police also reveals Lucas blamed her former partner, the mother of the slain little girl.
"In YOUR WORDS 'WHEN YOU ARE LAYING IN BED AT NIGHT REMEMBER YOU (expletive) DID THIS TOO YOURSELF!'" reveals the document.
"She's beyond devastated. As you can imagine, there's no words to describe this kind of loss, this kind of hurt," said Ladd.
Lucas remains at a Palm Beach County jail awaiting a future court date.
A memorial fund has been set up in the name of Elliana. Click here for information. ||||| Just One More Thing...
We have sent you a verification email. Please check your email and click on the link to activate your profile.
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Close ||||| | A Florida woman is facing murder charges in a slaying that she suggested was partially motivated by the biblical story of Abraham and Isaac, authorities say. Kimberly Lucas, 40, allegedly killed her ex-partner's 2-year-old daughter, and then unsuccessfully tried to kill both the girl's 10-year-old brother and herself, WPTV reports. A note on Lucas' computer referenced a sermon she attended Sunday that spoke of the Abraham story, saying it "really, really touched me yesterday but God never told me to stop!" Another part of the note, however, lays blame for the incident on Lucas' ex-partner, Jacquelyn Jamason, the girl's mother, with lines like, "In YOUR WORDS 'WHEN YOU ARE LAYING IN BED AT NIGHT REMEMBER YOU (EXPLETIVE) DID THIS TO YOURSELF!'" Lucas and others say she was like a second mother to the children, who have the last name "Lucas-Jamason," the Palm Beach Post reports. A church board member said he was shocked by Lucas' note. "It just is really the writing of someone who is really disturbed, very broken." |
Q: Valerie Ann Brisco-Hooks is a female Olympian.
Valerie Ann Brisco-Hooks (born July 6, 1960 in Greenwood, Mississippi) won three gold medals as an Olympic track and field athlete at the 1984 Olympics at Los Angeles, California, making her the first Olympian to win gold medals in both the 200- and 400-meter races at a single Olympics.
A: Yes
Q: Tom has listened to clinton
Getting Too Fat<br>Tom got a girlfriend after a while of being single. He started to let himself go. Tom gained weight and started not dressing up as much. His girlfriend didn't like his laziness. She broke up with him over it.
A: It's impossible to say
Q: do not remove the outer seal
How to fill a syringe<br>Gather your supplies. You will need the medication vial, syringe-needle unit, alcohol pads, a cotton ball, a band-aid, and a sharps container. [substeps] The alcohol pad is used to wipe the rubber top of the medication container once you remove the outer seal.
A: No
Q: Wayman Lawrence Tisdale was All American more then three times
Wayman Lawrence Tisdale (June 9, 1964 – May 15, 2009) was an American professional basketball player in the NBA and a smooth jazz bass guitarist. A three-time All American at the University of Oklahoma, he was elected to the National Collegiate Basketball Hall of Fame in 2009.
A: | No |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you will be presented with a context passage, a question about that paragraph, and a possible answer to that question. The task is to check the validity of the answer. Answer with "Yes" or "No".
Powell contended that it was not inconsistent to want to foster cooperation even with an organization like the Indonesian military, which has a history of human rights abuses. "If you get young officers, expose them to a military organization that is within a democratic political institution, such as the United States, then that rubs off on them," he said. In Malaysia, Powell met with Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad, who has led the country since 1981. The Malaysian foreign minister, Syed Hamid Albar, later told local reporters that Powell had proposed that American and Malaysian officials review the idea of forming a regional training center in Malaysia to coordinate antiterrorism activities. His brief stop in Malaysia also highlighted the moral ambiguities of the effort to prevent terrorism and its emphasis on cooperation with governments that the United States has often criticized. The United States once distanced itself from Mahathir for strong-arm tactics with political rivals, and human rights groups criticize him for arresting and jailing scores of suspected militants, including some who may be linked to al-Qaida, without trial. Powell said his discussions with Mahathir "touched on the case" of his former deputy, Anwar Ibrahim, who is serving a 15-year sentence on charges of sodomy and abuse of power after trials that Powell said the United States had "always felt" were flawed. The assistant secretary of state for East Asian and Pacific affairs, James Kelly, met on Tuesday morning with Anwar's wife, Wan Azizah Wan Ismail, for what she later told Malaysian reporters was a discussion about both the detention of her husband and six supporters, and the campaign against terrorism. <sep>What was the purpose of Powell's trip to Malaysia?<sep>Detention of Wan Azizah Wan Ismail husband and six supporters, and the campaign against terrorism
Output: | Yes |
In this task, you are given a question and a context passage. You have to answer the question based on the given passage.
--------
Question: Who helped prepare?, Context: The Apollo astronauts were chosen from the Project Mercury and Gemini veterans, plus from two later astronaut groups. All missions were commanded by Gemini or Mercury veterans. Crews on all development flights (except the Earth orbit CSM development flights) through the first two landings on Apollo 11 and Apollo 12, included at least two (sometimes three) Gemini veterans. Dr. Harrison Schmitt, a geologist, was the first NASA scientist astronaut to fly in space, and landed on the Moon on the last mission, Apollo 17. Schmitt participated in the lunar geology training of all of the Apollo landing crews.
Answer: Schmitt
Question: What close language also had something similar happen?, Context: This change is interesting from a sociolinguistic point of view because it has apparently happened relatively recently, in the 1970s, and was pioneered by older well-educated women from the upper middle classes. The lowering of the diphthongs has long been current in many Dutch dialects, and is comparable to the English Great Vowel Shift, and the diphthongisation of long high vowels in Modern High German, which centuries earlier reached the state now found in Polder Dutch. Stroop theorizes that the lowering of open-mid to open diphthongs is a phonetically "natural" and inevitable development and that Dutch, after having diphthongised the long high vowels like German and English, "should" have lowered the diphthongs like German and English as well.
Answer: Polder Dutch
Question: What is larger, a domestic chicken or a bantam?, Context: A bantam is a small variety of domestic chicken, either a miniature version of a member of a standard breed, or a "true bantam" with no larger counterpart. The name derives from the town of Bantam in Java where European sailors bought the local small chickens for their shipboard supplies. Bantams may be a quarter to a third of the size of standard birds and lay similarly small eggs. They are kept by small-holders and hobbyists for egg production, use as broody hens, ornamental purposes, and showing.
Answer: | domestic chicken
|
Problem: What happens next in this paragraph?
A man is shown on the front of an advertisement. we
OPTIONS:
- see plastic duck ears, and a cartoon jack o lantern.
- see a person ironing clothes in a dryer.
- see several people engaged in water sports.
- see a rural area with trees and people sitting in the dirt.
A: see several people engaged in water sports.
How to get fair skin naturally
Protect yourself from the sun.
Most of the normal darkening and discoloration of your skin is caused by exposure to the sun's ultraviolet (uv) rays. If you're extremely concerned about having fairer skin, staying indoors will keep your skin as light as possible.
OPTIONS:
- Wear hats and long-sleeved clothing that block the sun's rays. This means that the sun's rays will remain on your skin after you get outside.
- Ask your dermatologist to check your skin to make sure that your skin no longer absorbs the uv rays from the sun. Live in a uv-rich environment.
- When that's not possible, protect your skin use spf sunblock with a minimum spf of 30. Most dermatologists agree an spf 15 is not sufficient anymore.
- You will want to wear sunscreen in the early weeks of your pregnancy if you are planning to stay indoors for a long period of time. Direct sunlight is the ultimate source of invisible uv radiation.
When that's not possible, protect your skin use spf sunblock with a minimum spf of 30. Most dermatologists agree an spf 15 is not sufficient anymore.
question: Complete the next sentence:
How to make taco salad
Mix the salsa and sour cream together in a small bowl using a fork or mini whisk, then set it aside.
Keep mixing until the color is uniform and there are no unmixed streaks. Set the dressing aside, preferably in the fridge, so that it's nice and cold.
OPTIONS:
- Make sure that you are using the smooth kind of salsa and not the chunky kind; do not use pico de gallo. Cook the ground sirloin over medium-high heat.
- If you can't stand it, skip this step and prepare your dressing for enchiladas, mac' n' cheese, or any other dish. Mix the cheese and corn starch into the dressing.
- Place the taco dip halves to side, since they will be facing up again. Then, place the brisket, olives, tahini and onion wedges halves to the same bowl with the salsa mix.
- Heat oil in a skillet over medium heat, then cook the diced guacamole on high for 6 minutes. The stickiness of the guacamole helps the flavors stay attached, so don't let it get too sticky.
answer: Make sure that you are using the smooth kind of salsa and not the chunky kind; do not use pico de gallo. Cook the ground sirloin over medium-high heat.
Problem: Write the next sentence for:
How to use a milk frother
Buy fresh milk.
Check the expiration date of milk when you buy it at the store. Choose milk that is farther from its expiration date.
OPTIONS:
- Older milk has more glycerol, a natural compound that makes it harder for frothed milk to hold its bubbles. Use skim milk if you're new to frothing.
- To ensure that you are getting the right product, look for cans that have a seal from the expiration date listed on them. Often, these cans will be marked as " canned, " " mixed, " or " open.
- In some places, you can purchase fresh milk without any time in the store. Dairy and non-dairy milk products all have age-appropriate expiration dates, so you don't need to worry about them when shopping for a regular frother.
- Some dairy items may contain expired milk, which is more bitter than fresh. Make sure to choose plain, unflavored milk..
Next sentence: Older milk has more glycerol, a natural compound that makes it harder for frothed milk to hold its bubbles. Use skim milk if you're new to frothing.
context: How to steam clean carpet
Remove everything from the room.
Steam cleaning is most effective when you remove all toys, papers, and general clutter from the floor. Move all tables, chairs, and furniture out of the room.
OPTIONS:
- Rinse the steam mop under warm water. This method can work for all types of furniture, including upholstered furniture and sectional chairs.
- It is also important to only use hot water when absolutely necessary. The intense heat from the steam will zap off dust particles and cause the carpet fibers to break down.
- Clear as much of the floor space as you can. If some furniture is too heavy to move, place squares of wax paper, foil, wood blocks, or plastic film under the legs to protect them from the moisture of the steam cleaner.
- Add air freshener or a combination of essential oils so that the steam is not any more effective. Places that can get cluttered include under dressers and on high shelves.
****
next sentence for the context: Clear as much of the floor space as you can. If some furniture is too heavy to move, place squares of wax paper, foil, wood blocks, or plastic film under the legs to protect them from the moisture of the steam cleaner.
Problem: What happens next in this paragraph?
An athlete practices tossing a javelin in a track a field course. The athlete starts with two or three side steps and then proceeds to toss the javelin. the athlete
OPTIONS:
- then increases his speed and steps.
- runs parallel to the chalk and throws four instructions that lead into a discus throw, where he throws the javelin as far as he can into the distance.
- then does a backswing outside of the track.
- throws the javelin to the other side and then back to the field.
A: | then increases his speed and steps. |
Definition: In this task, you are given a question and a context passage. You have to answer the question based on the given passage.
Input: What is required for a treaty to be activated?, Context: Treaties may be seen as 'self-executing', in that merely becoming a party puts the treaty and all of its obligations in action. Other treaties may be non-self-executing and require 'implementing legislation'—a change in the domestic law of a state party that will direct or enable it to fulfill treaty obligations. An example of a treaty requiring such legislation would be one mandating local prosecution by a party for particular crimes.
Output: | legislation |
How does the next paragraph end?
A man is seen sitting behind a drum set beginning to play while others watch him on the side. the man | continues to play the drum set faster and faster and ends by stopping to speak to the camera. |
In this task, you will be presented with a context passage, a question about that paragraph, and a possible answer to that question. The task is to check the validity of the answer. Answer with "Yes" or "No".
Example Input: Energy is stored in chemical compounds. This energy is called chemical energy. Chemical energy is a form of potential energy. When bonds between atoms are broken, energy is released. The wood in fireplaces has chemical energy. The energy is released as heat and light when the wood burns. Most living things get their energy from food. When food molecules are broken down, the energy is released. It may then be used to do work, like playing ball or studying science. If you have ever heard, "Eat a good breakfast", thats why. You need energy to do things during the day. To do those things you need energy. You get your energy from the food you eat. That energy is stored in your body until you need it. How did you get to school today? If you walked, you used chemical energy from the food you ate. What if you rode the bus or were driven in a car? Where did that energy come from? <sep>Does food have potential energy?<sep>Maybe
Example Output: No
Example Input: Paul put the despised watch away And laid out before him his array Of stones and metals, and when the morning Struck the stones to their best adorning, He chose the brightest, and this new watch Was so light and thin it seemed to catch The sunlight's nothingness, and its gleam. Topazes ran in a foamy stream Over the cover, the hands were studded With garnets, and seemed red roses, budded. The face was of crystal, and engraved Upon it the figures flashed and waved With zircons, and beryls, and amethysts. It took a week to make, and his trysts At night with the Shadow were his alone. Paul swore not to speak till his task was done. The night that the jewel was worthy to give. Paul watched the long hours of daylight live To the faintest streak; then lit his light, And sharp against the wall's pure white The outline of the Shadow started Into form. His burning-hearted Words so long imprisoned swelled To tumbling speech. Like one compelled, He told the lady all his love, And holding out the watch above His head, he knelt, imploring some Littlest sign. The Shadow was dumb. <sep>What types of stones were Paul's watch adorned with?<sep>Foamy stream
Example Output: Yes
Example Input: How would the universe look without gravity? It would have no planets and no stars. Thats how it looked when it was young. When the universe was young, there was only gas and dust. From this gas and dust, everything we now see was made. How were stars and planets created from just gas and dust? The answer is gravity. The same gravity that holds you down on Earth. The same force that causes your pencil to roll off your desk. The same force that causes it to fall to the floor. The invisible force of gravity caused dust and gas particles to be pulled together. This force is what formed all the objects in our solar system. This force formed the smallest moons. It also formed our Sun. This force caused more than just our solar system to form. It caused all the other solar systems to form. It caused the formation of all the galaxies of the universe. <sep>Did gravity cause more than one solar system to form?<sep>No one knows
Example Output: | No
|
[Q]: On August 19, 1999, I received a letter from Dr. Chopra in which he states that, "I mentioned that all these actions were the direct consequence of my testimony, which I was requested (required) to give before the Standing Senate Committee on Agriculture and Forestry for its bovine growth hormone rBST investigations." The testimony had many ramifications
[A]: It's impossible to say
[Q]: The Abbottabad University of Science and Technology (also named "AUST"), is a public university located in Havelian (12 km from Abbottabad), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The University offers admissions in "Bachelors", "Masters", "MS/M. Phill" and "PHD" programs. Havelian in only 3km from Abbottabad.
[A]: No
[Q]: Club de Fútbol Extremadura was a Spanish football team based in Almendralejo, in the autonomous community of Extremadura. Founded in 1924, it played two seasons in La Liga, and held home games at "Estadio Francisco de la Hera", with a capacity of 11,580 seats. The club folded in 2010 following several years of financial problems. the Estadio Francisco de la Hera is an all seater football stadium
[A]: It's impossible to say
[Q]: Bosnia's leading Muslim daily Dnevni Avaz writes excitedly about "a sensational discovery" of "the first European pyramid" in the central town of Visoko, just north of Sarajevo. Dnevni Avaz is the most profitable Muslim daily
[A]: | It's impossible to say |
Teacher:In this task, we ask you to elaborate the sentence without changing its general meaning. You can do so by explaining further the input sentence, using more precise wording, adding qualifiers and auxiliary information etc.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Strategic bombing is a military strategy used to destroy the enemies ' economic ability to fight a war .
Student: | Strategic bombing is a military strategy used in total war with the goal of defeating the enemy by destroying its morale or its economic ability to produce and transport materiel to the theatres of military operations , or both . |
Instructions: In this task, we ask you to elaborate the sentence without changing its general meaning. You can do so by explaining further the input sentence, using more precise wording, adding qualifiers and auxiliary information etc.
Input: A Jathera is a shrine constructed to commemorate common clan ancestors .
Output: | A " jathera " is a shrine constructed to commemorate and show respect to the founding common ancestor of a surname and all subsequent common clan ancestors . |
In this task, you will be presented with a context passage, a question about that paragraph, and a possible answer to that question. The task is to check the validity of the answer. Answer with "Yes" or "No".
Example: Timothy likes to play sports. He spends his time after school playing basketball and baseball. Sometimes Timothy pretends he is a famous baseball pitcher for his favorite team with his friends. He plays with his friends Mandy and Andrew. Timothy also plays pretend when he is alone. He has an imaginary friend named Sean. Sean is an elephant who watches television with Timothy. Mandy likes playing baseball but she also likes to paint. Mandy's favorite class at school is art. She likes making pictures of flowers. Her teacher says she is a good artist. She painted a picture of a tree for her teacher. There were red and yellow leaves on it. It had apples on it. When Andrew goes home after baseball, he likes to eat a snack. He eats carrots and bananas. If he is a good boy his mom, Mrs. Smith, sometimes gives him milk and cookies. Afterwards, Andrew finishes his homework. <sep>Who does Timothy play with?<sep>Basketball and baseball
Example solution: No
Example explanation: Based on the passage Timothy plays with his friends Mandy and Andrew. So, the given answer is incorrect and the output should be "No".
Problem: If you have a mass of 50 kg on Earth, what is your weight in newtons? An object with more mass is pulled by gravity with greater force. Mass and weight are closely related. However, the weight of an object can change if the force of gravity changes. On Earth, the force of gravity is the same everywhere. So how does the force of gravity change? It doesnt if you stay on Earth. What if we travel to another planet or moon in our solar system? Look at the photo of astronaut Edwin E. Aldrin Jr. taken by fellow astronaut Neil Armstrong in the Figure. They were the first humans to walk on the moon. An astronaut weighs less on the moon than he would on Earth. This is because the moons gravity is weaker than Earths. The astronauts mass, on the other hand, did not change. He still contained the same amount of matter on the moon as he did on Earth. If the astronaut weighed 175 pounds on Earth, he would have weighed only 29 pounds on the moon. If his mass on Earth was 80 kg, what would his mass have been on the moon? [Figure 3] <sep>When does the force of gravity change<sep>It never changes
| Solution: No |
IN: What happens next?
A man is standing in a backyard speaking. He picks up several window screens while he talks about them. he
OUT: adds them to the stack and walks away.
IN: What happens next?
How to cook west african white soup and pounded yam
Wash and boil the meat.
Whether it is goat or chicken meat, spice it up with onion, pepper, salt and any other seasonings of your choice.
Remember not to add water at first until it releases its own juices as it boils.
OUT: Ensure that the meat is soft and tasty before finishing the cooking. Slice the yam, wash and boil.
IN: What happens next?
How to make toddler food squeeze pouches
Choose one of the recipes from above.
You can also use your own puree, baby food, or healthy smoothie recipe instead.
Prepare the ingredients.
OUT: | Wash all of the fruits and vegetables that you will be using. If the fruits have a skin on them, peel them away. |
In this task, you will be presented with a context passage, a question about that paragraph, and a possible answer to that question. The task is to check the validity of the answer. Answer with "Yes" or "No".
[Q]: From a human point of view, a habitat is where you live. It might be your city, town, or neighborhood. Your habitat can be altered. Most people move a few times in their lives. But a plant cannot move. An animal may not be suited to live in another area. A habitat is the natural home or environment of an organism. Humans often destroy the habitats of other organisms. The loss of habitat can cause the extinction of species. Extinction is when a species disappears forever. Once a species is extinct, it can never be brought back. Humans cause habitat destruction in many ways. There are two common ways this happens. Land may be cleared. Another way is when an animal or plant is brought to an area where it does not belong. <sep>What is a habitat?<sep>a place to eat
[A]: No
[Q]: Einstein and Maric married in January 1903. In May 1904, the couple's first son, Hans Albert Einstein, was born in Bern, Switzerland. Their second son, Eduard, was born in Zurich in July 1910. In 1914, the couple separated; Einstein moved to Berlin and his wife remained in Zurich with their sons. They divorced on 14 February 1919, having lived apart for five years. Eduard, whom his father called "Tete" (for petit), had a breakdown at about age 20 and was diagnosed with schizophrenia. His mother cared for him and he was also committed to asylums for several periods, including full-time after her death. The marriage with Maric does not seem to have been very happy. In letters revealed in 2015, Einstein wrote to his early love, Marie Winteler, about his marriage and his still strong feelings for Marie. In 1910 he wrote to her that "I think of you in heartfelt love every spare minute and am so unhappy as only a man can be" while his wife was pregnant with their second child. Einstein spoke about a "misguided love" and a "missed life" regarding his love for Marie. Einstein married Elsa Lowenthal on 2 June 1919, after having had a relationship with her since 1912. She was a first cousin maternally and a second cousin paternally. In 1933, they emigrated to the United States. In 1935, Elsa Einstein was diagnosed with heart and kidney problems; she died in December 1936. <sep>How much time passed, after Albert Einstein's father divorced his mother, that he re-married?<sep>About four months had passed
[A]: Yes
[Q]: Energy is stored in chemical compounds. This energy is called chemical energy. Chemical energy is a form of potential energy. When bonds between atoms are broken, energy is released. The wood in fireplaces has chemical energy. The energy is released as heat and light when the wood burns. Most living things get their energy from food. When food molecules are broken down, the energy is released. It may then be used to do work, like playing ball or studying science. If you have ever heard, "Eat a good breakfast", thats why. You need energy to do things during the day. To do those things you need energy. You get your energy from the food you eat. That energy is stored in your body until you need it. How did you get to school today? If you walked, you used chemical energy from the food you ate. What if you rode the bus or were driven in a car? Where did that energy come from? <sep>In order for you to walk, what happens to bonds between atoms?<sep>They repel each other
[A]: | No
|
TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you will be presented with a context passage, a question about that paragraph, and a possible answer to that question. The task is to check the validity of the answer. Answer with "Yes" or "No".
PROBLEM: New Horizons: Exhausted after the Civil War, Spain remained on the sidelines during World War II and began to recover economically under the oppressive, law-and-order regime of Franco. There had been a foretaste of elite foreign tourism in the 1920s, but it was the late 1950s when the rest of Europe began sun-seeking pilgrimages to Spain. Tourism exploded into an annual southern migration, transforming the Spanish economy, landscape, and society. Eager to capitalize, the country poured its soul into mass tourism, which triggered a rash of indiscriminate building on the southern and eastern coastlines, with scant regard for tradition or aesthetics. But after so many years closed off from the rest of Europe, of equal significance was the injection of foreign influences into Franco's once hermetically sealed Spain. Mallorca and Menorca in particular saw explosive growth in tourism; by the 1970s, the Balearics were one of Europe's most popular holiday destinations. Franco named as his successor the grandson of Alfonso XIII, who was enthroned as King Juan Carlos I when the dictator died in 1975. To the dismay of Franco diehards, the king brilliantly managed the transition to democracy, then stood back to allow it full rein, even intervening during a brief attempt at a military coup. After many years of repression, new freedoms and autonomy were granted to Spanish regions, including the Balearics, and their languages and cultures enjoyed a long-desired renaissance. More a part of Europe than ever before, Spain joined the European Community (now European Union) in 1986, giving further boost to a booming economy. The tourist industry continued to expand, and though it became one of the top two income earners in Spain, a realization that unrestricted mass tourism was leading to damaging long-term consequences also began to grow. By the late 1990s, a new emphasis on quality and, especially in the Balearics, on safeguarding the environment had finally taken root—too late for many environmentalists, but hopefully still in time to preserve much of the natural beauty and unique character of the Las Islas Baleares. <sep>Why was Spain so isolated and what event happened that allowed Mallorca and Menorca to see explosions in tourism?<sep>Spain was surrounded by enemies
SOLUTION: No
PROBLEM: Alexander earned the epithet "The Great" due to his unparalleled success as a military commander. He never lost a battle, despite typically being outnumbered. This was due to use of terrain, phalanx and cavalry tactics, bold strategy, and the fierce loyalty of his troops. The Macedonian phalanx, armed with the sarissa, a spear 6 metres (20 ft) long, had been developed and perfected by Philip II through rigorous training, and Alexander used its speed and maneuverability to great effect against larger but more disparate Persian forces. Alexander also recognized the potential for disunity among his diverse army, which employed various languages and weapons. He overcame this by being personally involved in battle, in the manner of a Macedonian king. In his first battle in Asia, at Granicus, Alexander used only a small part of his forces, perhaps 13,000 infantry with 5,000 cavalry, against a much larger Persian force of 40,000. Alexander placed the phalanx at the center and cavalry and archers on the wings, so that his line matched the length of the Persian cavalry line, about 3 km (1.86 mi). By contrast, the Persian infantry was stationed behind its cavalry. This ensured that Alexander would not be outflanked, while his phalanx, armed with long pikes, had a considerable advantage over the Persian's scimitars and javelins. Macedonian losses were negligible compared to those of the Persians. At Issus in 333 BC, his first confrontation with Darius, he used the same deployment, and again the central phalanx pushed through. Alexander personally led the charge in the center, routing the opposing army. At the decisive encounter with Darius at Gaugamela, Darius equipped his chariots with scythes on the wheels to break up the phalanx and equipped his cavalry with pikes. Alexander arranged a double phalanx, with the center advancing at an angle, parting when the chariots bore down and then reforming. The advance was successful and broke Darius' center, causing the latter to flee once again. When faced with opponents who used unfamiliar fighting techniques, such as in Central Asia and India, Alexander adapted his forces to his opponents' style. Thus, in Bactria and Sogdiana, Alexander successfully used his javelin throwers and archers to prevent outflanking movements, while massing his cavalry at the center. <sep>How did Alexander use the phalanx in the battle of Granicus?<sep>Armed with the sarissa
SOLUTION: No
PROBLEM: She led the way into the cheerful schoolroom, where big girls and little girls were sitting about, amusing themselves in the quiet of a long Sunday afternoon. Several of the younger children ran to her as she came in, and stood holding fast to the folds of her black habit, staring up at the strangers, while she explained the kind of instruction given, the system, and the order reigning in each department. Finally, she persuaded a little girl, only six years old, to take her dusky face out of the long flowing veil of the nun, and show how quickly she could read a sentence that Sister Winifred wrote on the blackboard. Then others were called on, and gave examples of their accomplishments in easy arithmetic and spelling. The children must have been very much bored with themselves that stormy Sunday, for they entered into the examination with a quite unnatural zest. Two of the elder girls recited, and some specimens of penmanship and composition were shown. The delicate complexion of the little nun flushed to a pretty wild-rose pink as these pupils of hers won the Colonel's old fashioned compliments. <sep>She led the way into the cheerful schoolroom when who ran to her as she came in?<sep>Several of the younger children
SOLUTION: | Yes
|
In this task, you will be presented with a context passage, a question about that paragraph, and a possible answer to that question. The task is to check the validity of the answer. Answer with "Yes" or "No".
--------
Question: New Horizons: Exhausted after the Civil War, Spain remained on the sidelines during World War II and began to recover economically under the oppressive, law-and-order regime of Franco. There had been a foretaste of elite foreign tourism in the 1920s, but it was the late 1950s when the rest of Europe began sun-seeking pilgrimages to Spain. Tourism exploded into an annual southern migration, transforming the Spanish economy, landscape, and society. Eager to capitalize, the country poured its soul into mass tourism, which triggered a rash of indiscriminate building on the southern and eastern coastlines, with scant regard for tradition or aesthetics. But after so many years closed off from the rest of Europe, of equal significance was the injection of foreign influences into Franco's once hermetically sealed Spain. Mallorca and Menorca in particular saw explosive growth in tourism; by the 1970s, the Balearics were one of Europe's most popular holiday destinations. Franco named as his successor the grandson of Alfonso XIII, who was enthroned as King Juan Carlos I when the dictator died in 1975. To the dismay of Franco diehards, the king brilliantly managed the transition to democracy, then stood back to allow it full rein, even intervening during a brief attempt at a military coup. After many years of repression, new freedoms and autonomy were granted to Spanish regions, including the Balearics, and their languages and cultures enjoyed a long-desired renaissance. More a part of Europe than ever before, Spain joined the European Community (now European Union) in 1986, giving further boost to a booming economy. The tourist industry continued to expand, and though it became one of the top two income earners in Spain, a realization that unrestricted mass tourism was leading to damaging long-term consequences also began to grow. By the late 1990s, a new emphasis on quality and, especially in the Balearics, on safeguarding the environment had finally taken root—too late for many environmentalists, but hopefully still in time to preserve much of the natural beauty and unique character of the Las Islas Baleares. <sep>Why was Spain so isolated and what event happened that allowed Mallorca and Menorca to see explosions in tourism?<sep>Spain was surrounded by enemies
Answer: No
Question: We need natural resources for just about everything we do. We need them for food and clothing, for building materials and energy. We even need them to have fun. Table 2.1 gives examples of how we use natural resources. Can you think of other ways we use natural resources? Use Vehicles Resources Rubber for tires from rubber trees Steel frames and other metal parts from minerals such as iron Example iron ore Electronics Plastic cases from petroleum prod- ucts Glass screens from minerals such as lead lead ore Use Homes Resources Nails from minerals such as iron Timber from trees Example spruce timber Jewelry Gemstones such as diamonds Minerals such as silver silver ore Food Sunlight, water, and soil Minerals such as phosphorus corn seeds in soil Clothing Wool from sheep Cotton from cotton plants cotton plants Recreation Water for boating and swimming Forests for hiking and camping pine forest Some natural resources are renewable. Others are not. It depends, in part, on how we use them. <sep>How can natural resources help us have fun?<sep>We can use them to produce products used for fun
Answer: Yes
Question: Clarifying the Record The defense of U.S. airspace on 9/11 was not conducted in accord with preexisting training and protocols. It was improvised by civilians who had never handled a hijacked aircraft that attempted to disappear, and by a military unprepared for the transformation of commercial aircraft into weapons of mass destruction. As it turned out, the NEADS air defenders had nine minutes' notice on the first hijacked plane, no advance notice on the second, no advance notice on the third, and no advance notice on the fourth. We do not believe that the true picture of that morning reflects discredit on the operational personnel at NEADS or FAA facilities. NEADS commanders and officers actively sought out information, and made the best judgments they could on the basis of what they knew. Individual FAA controllers, facility managers, and Command Center managers thought outside the box in recommending a nationwide alert, in ground-stopping local traffic, and, ultimately, in deciding to land all aircraft and executing that unprecedented order flawlessly. More than the actual events, inaccurate government accounts of those events made it appear that the military was notified in time to respond to two of the hijackings, raising questions about the adequacy of the response. Those accounts had the effect of deflecting questions about the military's capacity to obtain timely and accurate information from its own sources. In addition, they overstated the FAA's ability to provide the military with timely and useful information that morning. In public testimony before this Commission in May 2003, NORAD officials stated that at 9:16, NEADS received hijack notification of United 93 from the FAA. This statement was incorrect. There was no hijack to report at 9:16. United 93 was proceeding normally at that time. In this same public testimony, NORAD officials stated that at 9:24, NEADS received notification of the hijacking of American 77. This statement was also incorrect. The notice NEADS received at 9:24 was that American 11 had not hit the World Trade Center and was heading for Washington, D.C. In their testimony and in other public accounts, NORAD officials also stated that the Langley fighters were scrambled to respond to the notifications about American 77,178 United 93, or both. These statements were incorrect as well. The fighters were scrambled because of the report that American 11 was heading south, as is clear not just from taped conversations at NEADS but also from taped conversations at FAA centers; contemporaneous logs compiled at NEADS, Continental Region headquarters, and NORAD; and other records. <sep>Who needed to clarify the record of the U.S. defense of 9/11?<sep>FAA
Answer: | No
|
In this task, you will be presented with a context passage, a question about that paragraph, and a possible answer to that question. The task is to check the validity of the answer. Answer with "Yes" or "No".
Q: Comanche Indians have trapped the evil of their land in a monster made up of a mixture of other animals . The Comanche have placed a protective spear in the ground to contain the evil . A young boy pulls the spear from the ground while pocketing a rabbit foot talisman . He starts to play with the spear . A Comanche catches the boy , and startled , he runs away with the rabbit's foot . The Native American places the spear back , realizing too late that the rabbits foot is now gone . After that , white men come and start drilling for oil . Skip to current time , a divorced father , Mance Cashen , moves to the area with his new wife , baby , and his son from his first marriage , Willy ( played by ( ( Chris Miller , who is visiting . Willy notices something peculiar in the house and tries to warn his father and step-mother . They do not believe him . Willy is attacked while on a tire swing over a small water hole . The creature grabs his foot and Willy struggles , eventually getting away . He eventually befriends the local drunk , T. C. van Houten . A nice old man with some bad memories who knows something about the evil near the oil well and was in a situation similar to Willy's . In the meantime a Comanche Indian , Chief Sam John , comes to warn Mance of the evil and the need to keep it contained . Sam John informs Mance the evil was originally intended to stop the white man , but it is indiscriminate in whom it kills instead . Mance will have none of it . Willy eventually takes a spear he finds on his property to Sam John and tries to find out what is going on . <sep>Who removes and starts to play with the spear?<sep>A young boy
A: | Yes |
Hawk(e): The Movie is an independent comedy film co-directed by Phil Baker and Tom Turner and written by Phil Baker. The film was produced by Genepool Records with Paramore Productions and is set for a summer 2013 release. The film is to be distributed by Genepool in the UK and Continuum Motion Pictures in North America.
Can we infer the following?
The Movie is an independent comedy film it did not require going into debt to be made.
OPTIONS: a). Yes. b). It's impossible to say. c). No.
The answer is: | b). |
instruction:
In this task you will be given an answer to a question. You need to generate a question. The answer given should be a correct answer for the generated question.
question:
Triton is one of the few moons in the Solar System known to be geologically active (the others being Jupiter's Io and Europa, and Saturn's Enceladus and Titan). As a consequence, its surface is relatively young with few obvious impact craters, and a complex geological history revealed in intricate cryovolcanic and tectonic terrains. Part of its surface has geysers erupting sublimated nitrogen gas, contributing to a tenuous nitrogen atmosphere less than 1 / 70,000 the pressure of Earth's atmosphere at sea level. It is the second-largest planetary moon in relation to its primary, after Earth's moon.
answer:
what do the moons titan & triton have in common
question:
Hagia Sophia (/ ˈhɑːɡiə soʊˈfiːə /; from the Greek: Αγία Σοφία, pronounced (aˈʝia soˈfia), 'Holy Wisdom'; Latin: Sancta Sophia or Sancta Sapientia; Turkish: Ayasofya) was a Greek Orthodox Christian patriarchal basilica (church), later an imperial mosque, and is now a museum (Ayasofya Müzesi) in Istanbul, Turkey. The Roman Empire's first Christian Cathedral, from the date of its construction in 537 AD, and until 1453, it served as an Eastern Orthodox cathedral and seat of the Patriarch of Constantinople, except between 1204 and 1261, when it was converted by the Fourth Crusaders to a Roman Catholic cathedral under the Latin Empire. The building was later converted into an Ottoman mosque from 29 May 1453 until 1931. It was then secularized and opened as a museum on 1 February 1935. Famous in particular for its massive dome, it is considered the epitome of Byzantine architecture and is said to have 'changed the history of architecture'. It remained the world's largest cathedral for nearly a thousand years, until Seville Cathedral was completed in 1520.
answer:
the hagia sophia has been a place of worship for what two major religions
question:
The effects of the Tunisian Revolution spread strongly to five other countries: Libya, Egypt, Yemen, Syria and Bahrain, where either the regime was toppled or major uprisings and social violence occurred, including riots, civil wars or insurgencies. Sustained street demonstrations took place in Morocco, Iraq, Algeria, Iranian Khuzestan, Lebanon, Jordan, Kuwait, Oman and Sudan. Minor protests occurred in Djibouti, Mauritania, the Palestinian National Authority, Saudi Arabia, and the Moroccan-controlled Western Sahara. A major slogan of the demonstrators in the Arab world is ash-shaʻb yurīd isqāṭ an-niẓām ('the people want to bring down the regime').
answer:
| which countries in africa were affected by the arab spring
|
Instructions: In this task, you are given a text of many news articles seperated by special token "|||||". Your task is to summarize them.
Input: The sacrifice of a Chinese television presenter, who died of cancer after refusing chemotherapy treatment while pregnant to stop her unborn child being harmed – has touched the hearts of thousands of people on the mainland.
Qiu Yuanyuan, 26, from Zhengzhou, in the central province of Henan, died on Wednesday – exactly 100 days after giving birth to her son, Niannian.
After getting married, becoming a mother was her biggest wish
Qiu Yuanyuan’s husband, Zhang Qixuan
The story of her selfless act has been one of the hottest topics on China’s microblogging site Weibo since yesterday, and reached more than 10 million views by this morning.
Thousands of Weibo users, moved by her great courage and love for her baby son, posted comments commemorating Qiu and wishing her son a long and healthy life on Qui’s Weibo page.
“After getting married, becoming a mother was her biggest wish,” Qiu’s husband, Zhang Qixuan, told the Zhengzhou Evening News.
“She chose to save our child; she understood that not everything in life can be perfect. And she said she had never regretted her decision.”
She chose to save our child; she understood that not everything in life can be perfect. And she said she had never regretted her decision
Qiu Yuanyuan’s husband, Zhang Qixuan
Qiu, who had hosted of a chess games show on Zhengzhou Television Station, learned she was pregnant in March.
However, her happiness was cut short after the results of a physical examination revealed that Qiu was suffering from a late-stage malignant tumour, the newspaper reported.
In order to prevent the baby being harmed by her chemotherapy, Qiu agreed to halt her treatment, which allowed the cancer to spread.
When Qiu’s condition deteriorated in September, she was admitted to hospital where her son, Niannian – then only seven months old – was delivered by Caesarean section. The boy weighed a little more than 1.5kg at the time of the birth, the report said.
Qiu then underwent an operation for the removal of the malignant tumour, but it came too late to save her.
Despite undergoing more than 20 days of chemotherapy, her doctors said the chances of her being cured were very low. They advised Qiu to halt her remaining therapy and return home to her baby son.
She died at her home on Wednesday evening, after her family held a feast to celebrate the baby’s 100th day since his birth – a traditional custom widely practiced by Chinese families.
The report said Qiu’s husband, who worked as a journalist at the same TV station as Qiu, was way from home when she died, and was unable to be with her at the time.
“Yuanyuan has passed away; the only thing I can do now is to take care our child and her family,” her husband was quoted as saying.
“I hope everyone can silently bless her and our child, and smile at life – just as Yuanyuan did.” ||||| The fate of a Chinese television presenter who died of cancer after refusing chemotherapy to save her unborn son sparked intense online debate Friday.
Qiu Yuanyuan died on Wednesday aged 26, 100 days after giving birth to her child -- a special occasion in Chinese culture.
More than 10 million netizens viewed her story on China's Twitter-like Sina Weibo on Friday, but many of those commenting questioned why she had sacrificed her life.
"I don't think it's good to give up on living, even if the mother's love is great," posted one netizen.
"It's not a beautiful thing if a child is born with no care and love from its natural mother."
Qiu, from the central province of Henan, was told she was pregnant in March, the website of the People's Daily newspaper said.
View gallery Family members and friends mourn during the funeral ceremony of Qiu Yuanyuan, a Chinese television p …
But her "hope turned to despair" soon after when she was diagnosed with a late-stage cancer of the womb, it went on.
Qiu decided to halt her treatment to prevent her baby being harmed, and the cancer soon spread.
As her condition worsened, she was admitted to hospital in September when she gave birth to the boy, named Niannian.
She eventually died as the family were celebrating his 100th day.
"Leaving a little life alone in the world, such a heartless mother," another netizen said.
Others, however, were more sympathetic to her plight.
"Even chemotherapy cannot cure cancer, can it? So she chose this way, wise and helpless," said one poster.
Another added: "Mother's love is so great." |||||
Output: | An up-and-coming TV host in Zhengzhou, China, always gave as much time as she could to her job, often working 14-hour days without complaint, a co-worker says. But when Qiu Yuanyuan became pregnant in March, her focus switched over to her unborn child—so much so that when she found out she had late-stage womb cancer in July, she opted not to go forward with chemo to protect her baby, Shanghaiist reports. In September she gave birth to 3.3-pound Niannian two months early via C-section, after which doctors tried to remove her tumor and begin chemo, but it was too late: Qiu died this month at home on Niannian's 100th day, a traditional Chinese celebration, the South China Morning Post reports. Qiu's choice has launched a back-and-forth online, with some lauding the young mother for a courageous, selfless act, and others insisting she should've tried harder to stay alive. One commenter in an online forum writes, "She's a goddess and great mother. R.I.P.," as per Shanghaiist, while AFP mentions a Sina Weibo lament that states, "It's not a beautiful thing if a child is born with no care and love from its natural mother"; another commenter piles on: "Leaving a little life alone in the world, such a heartless mother." Qiu's husband, a reporter at the same station as his wife, tells the Zhengzhou Evening News that her "biggest wish" had been to be a mom. "She chose to save our child; she understood that not everything in life can be perfect," he says, per the Morning Post. "And she said she had never regretted her decision." (A Colorado woman's family says her decision to have a C-section was the ultimate motherly sacrifice.) |
You will be given a passage, and your task is to generate a Yes/No question that is answerable based on the given passage.
Froot Loops is a brand of sweetened, fruit-flavored breakfast cereal produced by Kellogg's and sold in many countries. The cereal pieces are ring-shaped (hence ``loops'') and come in a variety of bright colors and a blend of fruit flavors (hence ``froot'', a cacography of fruit). However, there is no actual fruit in Froot Loops and they are all the same flavor. Kellogg's introduced Froot Loops in 1963. Originally, there were only red, orange, and yellow loops, but green, purple, and blue were added during the 1990s. Different methods of production are used in the UK where, due to the lack of natural colourings for yellow, red and blue Froot Loops are purple, green and orange, and the loops are also larger in size. Although the marketing side of Kellogg's sold the idea that each individual loop color was a different flavor, Kellogg's has acknowledged that all share the same fruit-blend flavor. | do different colored fruit loops have different flavors? |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task.
In this task, you are given a question and a context passage. You have to answer the question based on the given passage.
what is the first event mentioned?, Context: The Russian Revolution is the series of revolutions in Russia in 1917, which destroyed the Tsarist autocracy and led to the creation of the Soviet Union. Following the abdication of Nicholas II of Russia, the Russian Provisional Government was established. In October 1917, a red faction revolution occurred in which the Red Guard, armed groups of workers and deserting soldiers directed by the Bolshevik Party, seized control of Saint Petersburg (then known as Petrograd) and began an immediate armed takeover of cities and villages throughout the former Russian Empire.
Solution: Russian Revolution
Why? This is a good example, and the Russian Revolution is the first event mentioned.
New input: what city possesses over 80 parks and garden?, Context: Miami's tropical weather allows for year-round outdoors activities. The city has numerous marinas, rivers, bays, canals, and the Atlantic Ocean, which make boating, sailing, and fishing popular outdoors activities. Biscayne Bay has numerous coral reefs which make snorkeling and scuba diving popular. There are over 80 parks and gardens in the city. The largest and most popular parks are Bayfront Park and Bicentennial Park (located in the heart of Downtown and the location of the American Airlines Arena and Bayside Marketplace), Tropical Park, Peacock Park, Morningside Park, Virginia Key, and Watson Island.
Solution: | Miami |
In this task, we ask you to elaborate the sentence without changing its general meaning. You can do so by explaining further the input sentence, using more precise wording, adding qualifiers and auxiliary information etc.
Q: UWA started a Second Life project in mid-2009 .
A: | In mid-2009 , UWA launched its project in " Second Life " ( a 3D online virtual world open to the public , free of charge ) . |
In this task, we ask you to elaborate the sentence without changing its general meaning. You can do so by explaining further the input sentence, using more precise wording, adding qualifiers and auxiliary information etc.
Ex Input:
This order gave the region self-rule and an elected legislative assembly .
Ex Output:
The order granted self-rule to the people of Gilgit-Baltistan , by creating , among other things , an elected Gilgit-Baltistan Legislative Assembly and Gilgit-Baltistan Council .
Ex Input:
Protocols including Packet over SONET / SDH , MPLS , ATM and Frame relay are often used by service providers to deliver the links that are used in WANs .
Ex Output:
Protocols including Packet over SONET / SDH , Multiprotocol Label Switching ( MPLS ) , Asynchronous Transfer Mode ( ATM ) and Frame Relay are often used by service providers to deliver the links that are used in WANs .
Ex Input:
In teaching , the University of Toronto is known for its ideas about literature and communication .
Ex Output:
| Academically , the University of Toronto is noted for influential movements and curricula in literary criticism and communication theory , known collectively as the Toronto School .
|
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a text of many news articles seperated by special token "|||||". Your task is to summarize them.
Problem:Jeweler offers $150,000 in refunds if snow hits New Year's Day
P.K. Bennett Jewelers ran a promotion offering future refunds to customers who made purchases there from between Black Friday and Christmas Eve, if it snows more than 3 inches between midnight and noon on New Year’s Day.
Some folks in the Mundelein area will be anxiously awaiting more than a ball to drop this New Year’s Eve. A local jewelry store is offering $150,000 in refunds if it snows more than 3 inches Wednesday morning.
With weather reports predicting as much as 5 inches Wednesday, the shop is expected to have to pay up.
“It looks like hopefully that’s going to happen,” said Rich Bennett, a Mundelein resident who has owned the store with his wife Peggy since 2001.
Bennett said 224 customers opted in to the free promotion, amounting to almost $151,000 in free jewelry and custom work done at the store.
Because Bennett’s insurance company would cover the cost of refunding the items, he said he thought it would be a good way to celebrate a recent store expansion and thank customers for their support.
“I’m not losing out on anything,” he said. “The cost of the (insurance) premium is figured into our cost of business. For us, there’s only an upside to this entire thing. It’s a great promotion, and a great way for us to help give back to our customers.”
The shop at 742 S. Butterfield Road ran commercials about the promotion, sent out emails and postcards to customers and advertised on their Facebook page, Bennett said.
Owners will use official snowfall amounts at O’Hare airport as their measure. The store plans to throw a “cash and champagne party” to celebrate if the weather forecasts prove accurate.
While Bennett said he’s still working out a way to notify customers if the snow hits, he might not have to do much reaching out.
“Since the weather reports came out in the last day, our Facebook page has just exploded,” he said.
If everything goes according to plan, he said he expects his insurance company to take up to two weeks to certify the snowfall and cut him a check.
Bennett said this year’s Christmas season was the store’s best ever, and only 10 people or so decided not to participate in the promotion. ||||| Courtesy Rich Bennett
Chicago jeweler Rich Bennett tried to drum up business during the Christmas season by promising that the holiday bling would be free if it snowed more than 3 inches by noon on New Year's Day.
The flakes started falling this morning and the National Weather Service measured the accumulations at noon to be 3.7 inches at O'Hare Airport - a declaration that will cost Bennett $151,000.
Bennett insists he is delighted to lose the gamble. He and his wife Peggy, owners of PK Bennett Jewelers, are even throwing a champagne party for the customers.
"Of course I would love to be able to throw a party and hand back cash to all my customers," Bennett told ABC News.
Bennett moved his shop two doors to a larger show room on Oct. 1. "We wanted to think of something we could do that would be fun and give back to our customers," Bennett said.
"This year was the best year ever and we just had the best Christmas season ever," he said.
So he launched his gamble. "If it snows, it's free," reads the banner on P.K. Bennett Jeweler's homepage. The offer was good for anyone who bought jewelry between Black Friday and Christmas day.
He said 224 people opted for the promotion and one man who knew he would be buying an engagement ring down the road decided to purchase a gift card first to double his money and get an even nicer ring.
For one reason or another seven people decided to stay out of it, even though there was zero risk on their part.
"Some were worried that we were going to be writing the check and said, 'You're going to go broke,' then where am I going to go?" Bennett quoted one customer.
Engagement rings and anniversary bands were the big sellers. One of the most popular sales was an opal diamond ring coming in at $7,700 he said.
"It's been a lot of fun and it's generated a lot of excitement amongst our customers this holiday season," Bennett said. |||||
Solution: | It was one of those weird promotions made during the heat of the holiday shopping season: "If it snows, it's free," promised a Chicago jeweler. That is, Rich Bennett pledged refunds to anyone who bought from his shop between Black Friday and Christmas Eve if it snowed more than 3 inches on the first morning of the new year. Final results: 3.7 inches by noon, $151,000 in refunds owed by Bennett, and 224 very happy shoppers, reports ABC News. Bennett, though, says he's happy with the way things turned out, and a story last week in the Chicago Tribune helps explain why: With the forecast then predicting snow, Bennett said that his insurance company would be the one picking up the cost if his gamble didn't pan out. "I'm not losing out on anything," he said. In fact, he and his wife are throwing a champagne party for the customers who participated. |
Multi-choice problem: Continue writing the next sentence in this paragraph:
How to create a faux marble finish on furniture
Read the instruction literature available on the sides of the paint and stain cans and in the brochures provided by your furniture retailer.
Choose a well-ventilated area where the temperature is higher than 65ºf.
Prepare your workspace with an old newspapers, cardboard, or a dropcloth depending on the size of the piece you are finishing.
Remove all hardware, such as handles and nails.
OPT: + Then, clear all other items that might litter floor. You may use a manual abrasive sponge to prevent this.. + Tape over glass and mirrors if necessary. Fill nail holes with a water based filler.. + Examine your work area and determine how you want to clean it. You are going to need specific cleaning supplies for your work.. + Wipe down the walls using a damp rag, then apply a primer. Prepare the work surface on which you will be sanding.. | Tape over glass and mirrors if necessary. Fill nail holes with a water based filler. |
Read the text and determine if the sentence is true:
Herceptin was already approved to treat the sickest breast cancer patients, and the company said, Monday, it will discuss with federal regulators the possibility of prescribing the drug for more breast cancer patients.
Sentence: There is a possibility that the drug will be available for more patients. | Yes |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task.
In this task, you will be presented with a context passage, a question about that paragraph, and a possible answer to that question. The task is to check the validity of the answer. Answer with "Yes" or "No".
Timothy likes to play sports. He spends his time after school playing basketball and baseball. Sometimes Timothy pretends he is a famous baseball pitcher for his favorite team with his friends. He plays with his friends Mandy and Andrew. Timothy also plays pretend when he is alone. He has an imaginary friend named Sean. Sean is an elephant who watches television with Timothy. Mandy likes playing baseball but she also likes to paint. Mandy's favorite class at school is art. She likes making pictures of flowers. Her teacher says she is a good artist. She painted a picture of a tree for her teacher. There were red and yellow leaves on it. It had apples on it. When Andrew goes home after baseball, he likes to eat a snack. He eats carrots and bananas. If he is a good boy his mom, Mrs. Smith, sometimes gives him milk and cookies. Afterwards, Andrew finishes his homework. <sep>Who does Timothy play with?<sep>Basketball and baseball
Solution: No
Why? Based on the passage Timothy plays with his friends Mandy and Andrew. So, the given answer is incorrect and the output should be "No".
New input: When land is cleared, habitats are lost. It may be cleared for agriculture. It may also be used for building new homes or businesses. Within the past 100 years, the amount of land used for agriculture has almost doubled. Land used for grazing cattle has more than doubled. Many wetlands have also been lost to agriculture. The U.S. has lost almost all the natural tall-grass prairies. Thee areas of tall thick grass have virtually disappeared. These areas of land had thick fertile soil. Their grasses had very deep root systems. These deep and thick roots reduced the amount of soil erosion. They also were home to many plants and animals. Prairies were wonderful places. They were home to colorful flowers, prairie dogs, and herds of bison. <sep>What are the reasons land is cleared?<sep>Increase land for herds of bison
Solution: | No |
In this task, you will be presented with a context passage, a question about that paragraph, and a possible answer to that question. The task is to check the validity of the answer. Answer with "Yes" or "No".
Jake was walking to the park to play baseball with his friends. He loved being outside on sunny days, and now that school was over for the year, he was playing baseball every day. The more he played, the better he got. Only Frank was better than he was. He liked playing third base, but he often played in the field. He was carrying his favorite mitt that his Grandfather had bought him. His Grandfather had taught him to catch. He loved spending time with him when he was younger, but he had moved last year. Now he only saw his Grandfather in the summer. Jake was really excited to show him his skills when he came to their next game. He could throw really fast now. He was sure his Grandfather would want to sit in the front to watch him. He knew he would jump up and down. Jake happily ran the rest of the way to the park thinking about how much fun he was going to have playing baseball this year. <sep>Did jake walk to the park everyday to play baseball with his friends during school days?<sep>No
No
Dubai's Crown Prince Sheikh Mohamed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum inaugurated a free zone for e-commerce today, called Dubai Internet City. The preliminary stages of the project, the only one of its kind according to its designers, are estimated at $200 million. Sheikh Mohamed, who is also the Defense Minister of the United Arab Emirates, announced at the inauguration ceremony that "we want to make Dubai a new trading center." The minister, who has his own website, also said: "I want Dubai to be the best place in the world for state-of-the-art technology companies." He said companies engaged in e-commerce would be able to set up offices, employ staff and own equipment in the open zone, including fully-owned foreign companies. The e-commerce free zone is situated in north Dubai, near the industrial free zone in Jebel Ali, the top regional and tenth international leading area in container transit. The inauguration of Dubai Internet City coincides with the opening of an annual IT show in Dubai, the Gulf Information Technology Exhibition (Gitex), the biggest in the Middle East. <sep>What is the full name and title of the Defense Minister of the United Arab Emirates?<sep>Sheikh Mohamed Al Maktoum
No
As food is pushed along, it undergoes digestion. Digestion is the process of breaking down food into nutrients. There are two types of digestion: mechanical digestion and chemical digestion. Mechanical digestion occurs when large chunks are turned into smaller chucks. Perhaps not surprisingly, this happens when you chew your food. Once you swallow the food, your stomach also does some of this work. Chemical digestion occurs when food is broken down into useful nutrients. This is a chemical process that begins as you start to chew your food. The saliva in your mouth starts this process. Once you swallow, the acid in your stomach further breaks down food. From the stomach, the foods moves into the small intestine. In the small intestines, another set of chemicals goes to work. Are you surprised? Your small intestine, and not your stomach, does most of the work! <sep>What bodily fluids aide in digestion?<sep>Blood
| No
|
TASK DEFINITION: In this task you will be given an answer to a question. You need to generate a question. The answer given should be a correct answer for the generated question.
PROBLEM: Once Upon a Time's first season received 'generally favorable' reviews from critics. Metacritic gave it a score of 66 out of 100 based on 26 reviews. The pilot episode was watched by 12.93 million viewers and achieved an adult 18 -- 49 rating / share of 4.0 / 10. The second season premiered on September 30, 2012, to an audience of 11.36 million viewers, while the third season began on September 29, 2013, opening to 8.52 million viewers. In May 2014, ABC renewed the show for its fourth season, premiering in September 2014 to an audience of 9.47 million viewers. The series was renewed for a fifth season in May 2015 and for a sixth season in March 2016. On May 11, 2017, ABC renewed the series for a 22-episode seventh season. In February 2018, it was announced the seventh season would serve as the final season of the series.
SOLUTION: when does once apon a time come back on
PROBLEM: Shanghai (Chinese: 上海; Wu Chinese: Wu pronunciation; Mandarin: (ʂâŋ. xài) (listen)) is one of the four municipalities under the direct administration of the central government of China, the largest city in China by population, and the second most populous city proper in the world, with a population of more than 24 million as of 2017. It is a global financial centre and transport hub, with the world's busiest container port. Located in the Yangtze River Delta, it sits on the south edge of the estuary of the Yangtze in the middle portion of the East China coast. The municipality borders the provinces of Jiangsu and Zhejiang to the north, south and west, and is bounded to the east by the East China Sea.
SOLUTION: where is shanghai located on the world map
PROBLEM: Egyptologists believe the pyramid was built as a tomb for the Fourth Dynasty Egyptian pharaoh Khufu (often Hellenized as 'Cheops') and was constructed over a 20-year period. Khufu's vizier, Hemiunu (also called Hemon) is believed by some to be the architect of the Great Pyramid. It is thought that, at construction, the Great Pyramid was originally 280 Egyptian Royal cubits tall (146.5 metres (480.6 ft)), but with erosion and absence of its pyramidion, its present height is 138.8 metres (455.4 ft). Each base side was 440 cubits, 230.4 metres (755.9 ft) long. The mass of the pyramid is estimated at 5.9 million tonnes. The volume, including an internal hillock, is roughly 2,500,000 cubic metres (88,000,000 cu ft).
SOLUTION: | who built the great pyramid of giza and why
|
In this task, you are given a question and a context passage. You have to answer the question based on the given passage.
Ex Input:
How would we categorize a bird that had strategies for both insects and seed foraging?, Context: Birds that employ many strategies to obtain food or feed on a variety of food items are called generalists, while others that concentrate time and effort on specific food items or have a single strategy to obtain food are considered specialists. Birds' feeding strategies vary by species. Many birds glean for insects, invertebrates, fruit, or seeds. Some hunt insects by suddenly attacking from a branch. Those species that seek pest insects are considered beneficial 'biological control agents' and their presence encouraged in biological pest control programs. Nectar feeders such as hummingbirds, sunbirds, lories, and lorikeets amongst others have specially adapted brushy tongues and in many cases bills designed to fit co-adapted flowers. Kiwis and shorebirds with long bills probe for invertebrates; shorebirds' varied bill lengths and feeding methods result in the separation of ecological niches. Loons, diving ducks, penguins and auks pursue their prey underwater, using their wings or feet for propulsion, while aerial predators such as sulids, kingfishers and terns plunge dive after their prey. Flamingos, three species of prion, and some ducks are filter feeders. Geese and dabbling ducks are primarily grazers.
Ex Output:
generalists
Ex Input:
What criteria is used to decide when Armenia was in its heyday?, Context: The first geographical entity that was called Armenia by neighboring peoples (such as by Hecataeus of Miletus and on the Achaemenid Behistun Inscription) was established in the late 6th century BC under the Orontid dynasty within the Achaemenid Persian Empire as part of the latters' territories, and which later became a kingdom. At its zenith (95–65 BC), the state extended from the Caucasus all the way to what is now central Turkey, Lebanon, and northern Iran. The imperial reign of Tigranes the Great is thus the span of time during which Armenia itself conquered areas populated by other peoples.
Ex Output:
the span of time during which Armenia itself conquered areas populated by other peoples
Ex Input:
What was Burke's focus?, Context: Burke claimed that Bolingbroke's arguments against revealed religion could apply to all social and civil institutions as well. Lord Chesterfield and Bishop Warburton (and others) initially thought that the work was genuinely by Bolingbroke rather than a satire. All the reviews of the work were positive, with critics especially appreciative of Burke's quality of writing. Some reviewers failed to notice the ironic nature of the book, which led to Burke stating in the preface to the second edition (1757) that it was a satire.
Ex Output:
| revealed religion could apply to all social and civil institutions
|
instruction:
In this task, you are given a question and a context passage. You have to answer the question based on the given passage.
question:
Which is larger, cliques or crowds?, Context: Adolescents tend to associate with "cliques" on a small scale and "crowds" on a larger scale. During early adolescence, adolescents often associate in cliques, exclusive, single-sex groups of peers with whom they are particularly close. Despite the common notion that cliques are an inherently negative influence, they may help adolescents become socially acclimated and form a stronger sense of identity. Within a clique of highly athletic male-peers, for example, the clique may create a stronger sense of fidelity and competition. Cliques also have become somewhat a "collective parent," i.e. telling the adolescents what to do and not to do. Towards late adolescence, cliques often merge into mixed-sex groups as teenagers begin romantically engaging with one another. These small friend groups then break down further as socialization becomes more couple-oriented. On a larger scale, adolescents often associate with crowds, groups of individuals who share a common interest or activity. Often, crowd identities may be the basis for stereotyping young people, such as jocks or nerds. In large, multi-ethnic high schools, there are often ethnically-determined crowds. While crowds are very influential during early and middle adolescence, they lose salience during high school as students identify more individually.
answer:
crowds
question:
How bad were Nasser's heart attacks?, Context: Nasser had few personal vices other than chain smoking. He maintained 18-hour workdays and rarely took time off for vacations. The combination of smoking and working long hours contributed to his poor health. He was diagnosed with diabetes in the early 1960s and by the time of his death in 1970, he also had arteriosclerosis, heart disease, and high blood pressure. He suffered two major heart attacks (in 1966 and 1969), and was on bed rest for six weeks after the second episode. State media reported that Nasser's absence from the public view at that time was a result of influenza.
answer:
major heart attacks
question:
What is the name of the first leader mentioned in the text?, Context: Laird writes that Altan Khan abolished the native Mongol practices of shamanism and blood sacrifice, while the Mongol princes and subjects were coerced by Altan to convert to Gelug Buddhism—or face execution if they persisted in their shamanistic ways. Committed to their religious leader, Mongol princes began requesting the Dalai Lama to bestow titles on them, which demonstrated "the unique fusion of religious and political power" wielded by the Dalai Lama, as Laird writes. Kolmaš states that the spiritual and secular Mongol-Tibetan alliance of the 13th century was renewed by this alliance constructed by Altan Khan and Sönam Gyatso. Van Praag writes that this restored the original Mongol patronage of a Tibetan lama and "to this day, Mongolians are among the most devout followers of the Gelugpa and the Dalai Lama." Angela F. Howard writes that this unique relationship not only provided the Dalai Lama and Panchen Lama with religious and political authority in Tibet, but that Altan Khan gained "enormous power among the entire Mongol population."
answer:
| Altan Khan
|
Definition: In this task, you will be presented with a context passage, a question about that paragraph, and a possible answer to that question. The task is to check the validity of the answer. Answer with "Yes" or "No".
Input: She led the way into the cheerful schoolroom, where big girls and little girls were sitting about, amusing themselves in the quiet of a long Sunday afternoon. Several of the younger children ran to her as she came in, and stood holding fast to the folds of her black habit, staring up at the strangers, while she explained the kind of instruction given, the system, and the order reigning in each department. Finally, she persuaded a little girl, only six years old, to take her dusky face out of the long flowing veil of the nun, and show how quickly she could read a sentence that Sister Winifred wrote on the blackboard. Then others were called on, and gave examples of their accomplishments in easy arithmetic and spelling. The children must have been very much bored with themselves that stormy Sunday, for they entered into the examination with a quite unnatural zest. Two of the elder girls recited, and some specimens of penmanship and composition were shown. The delicate complexion of the little nun flushed to a pretty wild-rose pink as these pupils of hers won the Colonel's old fashioned compliments. <sep>Where did the strangers meet the teacher?<sep>The Classroom
Output: | Yes |
In this task, you will be presented with a context passage, a question about that paragraph, and a possible answer to that question. The task is to check the validity of the answer. Answer with "Yes" or "No".
[EX Q]: The dermis is the inner layer of skin. The dermis has blood vessels and nerve endings. The nerve endings explain why your skin is sensitive. You can sense pain, pressure, and temperature. You cut your finger and it starts to bleed. What has happened? If your skin bleeds, it means you have cut the dermis layer and damaged blood vessels. The cut really hurts. It hurts because of the nerve endings in this skin layer. The dermis also contains hair follicles and two types of glands. Hair follicles are structures where hairs originate. Each hair grows out of a follicle. Hair passes up through the epidermis. It then extends above the skin surface. Oil glands produce an oily substance. The oil is secreted into hair follicles. <sep>Why is the dermis a very important part of your skin makeup?<sep>It is important because it allows you to feel conditions with your skin
[EX A]: Yes
[EX Q]: (CNN) -- Japan's prime minister conceded defeat in parliamentary elections Sunday, signaling the return to power of the Liberal Democratic Party and ending the brief rule of the disappointing upstart Democratic Party of Japan. Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda pledged to step down as party president after exit polls showed a smashing loss in lower house voting. The party, once seen as a breath of fresh air in Japanese politics, came to be regarded as increasingly ineffective. "We got a regrettable result," Noda said. "The result is everything in the politics. The biggest responsibility lies on me. I will quit as the partly leader of DPJ." The move clears the way for the return to power of former Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, the current leader of the conservative-leaning Liberal Democratic Party, or LDP. "The Japanese people will be keenly looking whether the LDP can meet with their expectations," Abe said in interviews after the polling. The LDP ruled the country almost continuously since its establishment in 1955 until it was forced from power three years ago by the DPJ. Public broadcaster NHK said the LDP and its coalition partner, the new Komei party, gained at least 302 seats in the 480-seat lower house. CNN's main affiliate, TV Asahi, reports the LDP/Komei coalition gained at least 312 seats. The official count is expected to be released Monday. The LDP is inheriting a struggling economy, regional tensions and questions over Japan's role in Asia. "The economy is at the bottom. It's our first mission to turn it around," Abe said. <sep>As the current prime minister quits as the party leader who can return to power?<sep>Prime Minister Shinzo Abe
[EX A]: Yes
[EX Q]: Breathing is the process of moving air into and out of the lungs. The process depends on a muscle called the diaphragm. This is a large, sheet-like muscle below the lungs. Inhaling, or breathing in, occurs when the diaphragm muscle tightens. This increases the size of the chest. This too decreases air pressure inside the lungs. This action allows air and gases to enter the lungs. Exhaling, or breathing out, occurs when the diaphragm muscle relaxes. This decreases the size of the chest. This increases air pressure inside the lungs. This action allows for air to leave the lungs. When you inhale, air enters the respiratory system through your nose and ends up in your lungs, where gas exchange with the blood takes place. What happens to the air along the way? In the nose, mucus and hairs trap any dust or other particles in the air. The air is also warmed and moistened. Next, air passes through a passageway that is connected to the windpipe. The air then finds its way to the lungs. In the chest, the windpipe splits so that air enters both the right and left lung. <sep>What is happening when your chest increases in size while breathing?<sep>Blows air and gases to enter the lungs
[EX A]: | Yes
|
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you will be presented with a context passage, a question about that paragraph, and a possible answer to that question. The task is to check the validity of the answer. Answer with "Yes" or "No".
The Creed family moves into a new home , close to a road where truckers often drive unsafely . They befriend their neighbor , Jud Crandall , who tells them about a nearby pet cemetery which was built on Indian burial grounds and is rumored to be haunted . Later , Louis Creed , working at the University of Maine at Orono health center , treats Victor Pascow , who has been hit by a truck and incurred massive head injuries . Pascow dies after grabbing Louis , addressing him by name , and uttering a cryptic message . He also promises to `` come to '' him . That night , in what is seemingly a dream , Victor visits Louis , warning him about the burial ground beyond the pet cemetery . Louis wakes up to find his feet covered in dirt . Church , a cat owned by Louis ' daughter Ellie , is killed by a truck on the road in front of their house while Rachel , Ellie and Gage are in Chicago . Jud takes Louis to an ancient Micmac Indian burial ground beyond the pet cemetery they visited earlier and buries the cat . Church is brought back to life , but is an evil shell of himself . He attacks Louis and reeks of decomposition . Louis asks if a person was ever buried in the grounds . Jud replies , `` Christ on His throne , no. . And whoever would? '' Sometime later , Louis ' young son Gage is killed by a truck on the same road . Louis considers burying Gage in the burial grounds . Jud tries to dissuade him from doing so , telling him about a young man from town , Timmy Baterman , who died in service during World War II . <sep>What was the rumor about the pet cemetery that Victor warned Louis about?<sep>That there was an Indian burial ground nearby
Output: | Yes |
Bloating is often caused by gas or trapped air in the abdomen, and there are certain foods that can promote this. The NHS recommends cutting down on foods known to cause excess wind and bloating - and there are six to be watchful of. Beans, onions, broccoli, cabbage, sprouts and cauliflower are all known for causing an uncomfortable feeling in your tummy. But changes to your diet isn’t necessarily the only way to remedy a bloated stomach. Holland and Barrett recommends four supplements to help beat the bloat.
Based on that paragraph can we conclude that this sentence is true?
certain foods can promote gas
Select from the following. 1). Yes 2). It's impossible to say 3). No | 1). |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
You will be given a passage, and your task is to generate a Yes/No question that is answerable based on the given passage.
It is important to note that mithridatism is not effective against all types of poison (immunity generally is only possible with biologically complex types which the immune system can respond to) and, depending on the toxin, the practice can lead to the lethal accumulation of a poison in the body. Results depend on how each poison is processed by the body, ie, on how the toxic compound is metabolized or passed out of the body. In some cases, it is possible to build up tolerance against specific non-biological poisons. For some poisons, this involves conditioning the liver to produce more of the particular enzymes that deal with these poisons (for example alcohol). Another mechanism involves conditioning the target tissues of the poisons. These methods do not work for all non-biological poisons. Exposure to certain toxic substances, such as hydrofluoric acid and heavy metals, is either lethal or has little to no effect, and thus cannot be used in this way at all. Arsenic is a notable exception with some people actually having a genetic adaptation granting them higher resistance which can be replicated with mithridatism. In addition, simple toxins that work through chemical processes that bypass the immune system cannot be dealt with (good example would be the variants of cyanide).
Output: | can you build up a resistance to cyanide? |
You will be given a passage, and your task is to generate a Yes/No question that is answerable based on the given passage.
Ex Input:
For nearly all models of induction cooktops, a cooking vessel must be made of, or contain, a ferromagnetic metal such as cast iron or some stainless steels. However, copper, glass, non magnetic stainless steels, and aluminum vessels can be used if placed on a ferromagnetic disk which functions as a conventional hotplate.
Ex Output:
does cast iron work on induction stove top?
Ex Input:
Tourism in North Korea is tightly controlled by the North Korean government. Only about 4,000 to 6,000 Western tourists visit North Korea each year. All tourism is organized by one of several state-owned tourism bureaus, including Korea International Travel Company (KITC), Korean International Sports Travel Company (KISTC), Korean International Taekwondo Tourism Company (KITTC) and Korean International Youth Travel Company (KIYTC).
Ex Output:
can you travel to north korea as a tourist?
Ex Input:
Freepost is a postal service provided by various postal administrations, whereby a person sends mail without affixing postage, and the recipient pays the postage when collecting the mail. Freepost differs from self-addressed stamped envelopes, courtesy reply mail, and metered reply mail in that the recipient of the freepost pays only for those items that are actually received, rather than for all that are distributed.
Ex Output:
| do i need a stamp for a freepost address?
|
In this task, you will be presented with a context passage, a question about that paragraph, and a possible answer to that question. The task is to check the validity of the answer. Answer with "Yes" or "No".
Example: Timothy likes to play sports. He spends his time after school playing basketball and baseball. Sometimes Timothy pretends he is a famous baseball pitcher for his favorite team with his friends. He plays with his friends Mandy and Andrew. Timothy also plays pretend when he is alone. He has an imaginary friend named Sean. Sean is an elephant who watches television with Timothy. Mandy likes playing baseball but she also likes to paint. Mandy's favorite class at school is art. She likes making pictures of flowers. Her teacher says she is a good artist. She painted a picture of a tree for her teacher. There were red and yellow leaves on it. It had apples on it. When Andrew goes home after baseball, he likes to eat a snack. He eats carrots and bananas. If he is a good boy his mom, Mrs. Smith, sometimes gives him milk and cookies. Afterwards, Andrew finishes his homework. <sep>Who does Timothy play with?<sep>Basketball and baseball
Example solution: No
Example explanation: Based on the passage Timothy plays with his friends Mandy and Andrew. So, the given answer is incorrect and the output should be "No".
Problem: The series starts in Baghdad at an undetermined time . The Sultan Shahryar has gone mad after accidentally killing his wife during a failed coup d' tat , Which she had planned with Shahryar's brother Schahzenan . In his madness , Shahryar believes that all women now want to kill him , but the law states that the Sultan must be married again or the throne will be passed to his brother . Shahryar therefore orders Grand Vizier Ja'Far ( ( ( Jim Carter to bring him a harem girl to marry and then have executed the next day . In order to prevent this , the Grand Vizier's clever daughter , Scheherazade , decides to marry the Sultan herself . Scheherazade has a plan to prevent her execution and at the same time cure the Sultan of his madness . With the help of some tutoring from a bazaar storyteller , Scheherazade tells the Sultan a story every night , stopping at dawn with a cliffhanger and refusing to continue until dusk . Shahryar must therefore let Scheherazade live for another day in order to hear the rest of the story . Cunningly , Scheherazade has hidden a moral within every story , to bring the Sultan out of his madness . Meanwhile , Schahzenan hears about the Sultan's madness and that he is unable to execute Scheherazade . Perceiving this as weakness , Schahzenan leads his army to Baghdad in an attempt to take the throne by force . However , by the time Schahzenan's army reaches the city , Scheherazade's plan has worked . As a result of her stories , Shahryar has overcome his madness and has fallen in love with Scheherazade . <sep>What was the effect of the betrayal of the sultan by his ex wife and what was the name of his new wife?<sep>Distrust of women
| Solution: Yes |
Problem: How does the next paragraph end?
How to start a volunteering club at your school
Decide whether you really want to start the club.
Narrow down your idea until you have a focused, specific mission. For example, rather than being a general volunteering club, start a club to volunteer once a week at a certain soup kitchen in your community.
OPTIONS:
- This will provide more interaction with new people and will also give you a understanding of what kinds of projects need to be done each week. For a more practical goal, you may have a smaller group of people that can help you out, such as help with housework, for instance.
- Ask around and see what your fellow students think of your idea, and whether or not they would join. Once you have strong enough support from your friends and fellow students, you're ready to go.
- Or, if your school doesn't let you join in the club, even though your school is actively raising funds to fund leadership programs, try it on your own. Find a group that fits your personality.
- This is true of the many volunteer clubs. However, even things like raising funds, helping your older students, and helping restore existing school relationships can be meaningful.
A: Ask around and see what your fellow students think of your idea, and whether or not they would join. Once you have strong enough support from your friends and fellow students, you're ready to go.
IN: Write the next sentence in this paragraph:
How to make free phone calls and listen on a tv
Download a voip (voice over ip) program on your computer.
In order to place calls through your tv, you will have to use a computer to do the calling. One of the most popular programs for this is skype, though there are also others available.
OPTIONS:
- Skype is one of the best choices because you can setup a phone number that anyone can call you at. See this guide to get skype installed and configured on your computer.
- Only use voip if your computer already has it. If you do have an existing wireless system, or if you are using cell phones with one.
- Computer-based live-chat (latest version of skype) is the most popular feature. New broadcasters are offering these programs, and you can also download one from a computer.
- Search " free tv on computer " on your search engine. You'll find a lot of users who have used this system for free.
OUT: Skype is one of the best choices because you can setup a phone number that anyone can call you at. See this guide to get skype installed and configured on your computer.
Question:
Multi-choice problem: Continue writing the next sentence for the following:
How to define abs
Do cardio.
Although cardio doesn't necessarily define abs or tone them, it's an essential part to losing any excess weight or decreasing any pesky fat that might be hiding your defined abs.
Include at least 150 minutes of cardio each week.
OPTIONS:
- The more you do this, the faster your muscles will get accustomed to it. You should do about 150 minutes a week.
- Exercising can help tone your abs if you exercise regularly to burn fat. This includes regular physical activity, such as running and biking, swimming or cycling.
- This is the minimum amount that most health professionals will recommended. However, if you are not seeing results or want to see results quicker, you may want to consider increasing your cardio to about 300 minutes per week.
- Increasing your cardio regimen can help ensure adequate muscle tone (usually visible at the midsection) and even improve your muscle performance. If you're looking to lose weight and have an eating disorder, always eat safe, healthy foods, as these will help your weight gain.
****
Answer:
This is the minimum amount that most health professionals will recommended. However, if you are not seeing results or want to see results quicker, you may want to consider increasing your cardio to about 300 minutes per week.
Problem: What happens next in this paragraph?
Several people are in the ocean swimming an surfing. one of the surfers
OPTIONS:
- makes it about 60 km in the water.
- is underwater riding his surf board.
- raises his paddle and goes fast.
- is shown riding a large wave and going up and down.
A: is shown riding a large wave and going up and down.
How to guard against package theft
Direct the package to your place of business.
If you can't be home to accept the package yourself because you work, find out if your workplace will accept personal packages for you. It's wise to ask first, and not to overdo it.
OPTIONS:
- Pick up the package and open it. Be prepared to wait while it's unwrapped.
- Leave your personal packages outside the office so that the potential thieves can easily see your possessions. It isn't appropriate to dig through your papers for packages that appear " out-of-date " or have been tampered with.
- Put your package in a good case. Take out a picture proof bag and place it in the same place where it is most likely to be safe.
- Your company's receiving department or receptionist does have other things to do. If you can have it delivered to work, there's nothing more to do.
Your company's receiving department or receptionist does have other things to do. If you can have it delivered to work, there's nothing more to do.
Problem: Write the next sentence for:
How to make an eyecatching youtube background
Get a decent image editor, such as photoshop or gimp.
Ms paint will not do.
Get a template.
OPTIONS:
- Cut out a piece of paper about the size of a grain of sand. Print out the image using a photo editing software, which will take about 2 minutes.
- It will have to be very advanced, like if you sketch from scratch. On the template, set the size of the background using bullet points for the images' edges.
- Edit the template, but remember, if you seen some more popular users with links on there backgrounds, such as facebook and twitter, you can't add them unless you are a youtube partner. Try to use images that reference things you have done in your videos.
- Photoshop is the most common software for making a thumbnail, you can do the output itself or obtain a gimp template from a photo library for, what ever the heck you need, and it might just make well. But what you don't have at home is a concrete idea..
Next sentence: | Edit the template, but remember, if you seen some more popular users with links on there backgrounds, such as facebook and twitter, you can't add them unless you are a youtube partner. Try to use images that reference things you have done in your videos. |
Definition: In this task, you are given a question and a context passage. You have to answer the question based on the given passage.
Input: What can be said about the pier built during the six decades?, Context: The port on Montevideo Bay is one of the reasons the city was founded. It gives natural protection to ships, although two jetties now further protect the harbour entrance from waves. This natural port is competitive with the other great port of Río de la Plata, Buenos Aires. The main engineering work on the port occurred between the years 1870 and 1930. These six decades saw the construction of the port's first wooden pier, several warehouses in La Aguada, the north and south Rambla, a river port, a new pier, the dredged river basin and the La Teja refinery. A major storm in 1923 necessitated repairs to many of the city's engineering works. Since the second half of the 20th century, physical changes have ceased, and since that time the area has degraded due to national economic stagnation.
Output: | first wooden pier |
You will be given a passage, and your task is to generate a Yes/No question that is answerable based on the given passage.
Q: An artery (plural arteries) (from Greek ἀρτηρία (artēria), meaning 'windpipe, artery') is a blood vessel that takes blood away from the heart to all parts of the body (tissues, lungs, etc). Most arteries carry oxygenated blood; the two exceptions are the pulmonary and the umbilical arteries, which carry deoxygenated blood to the organs that oxygenate it. The effective arterial blood volume is that extracellular fluid which fills the arterial system.
A: | do all arteries carry blood away from the heart? |
This is a test of commonsense. Complete the next sentence:
How to register to vote in washington
Find your driver's license or state identification card.
You will need this number in order to choose the online registration method.
If you do not have this card with a washington-issued id number on it, you will need to register by mail or in person with a different form of id. | Online and mail voter registrations can be submitted up to 1 month before an election. In-person registrations can be completed up to 8 days before an election. |
In this task, you will be presented with a context passage, a question about that paragraph, and a possible answer to that question. The task is to check the validity of the answer. Answer with "Yes" or "No".
Q: Rivers flowing over gentle slopes move more slowly. They move much more slowly than a mountain stream. These slow moving streams create different types of features than mountain streams. Slow moving water erodes the sides of their channels more than the bottom. Also, large curves in the stream form. These curves are called meanders. Meanders are caused by erosion and deposition. Remember, faster moving water causes erosion more quickly. Slower moving water erodes material more slowly. If water is moving slowly enough, the sediment being carried may settle out. This settling out, or dropping off, of sediment is deposition. The curves are called meanders because they slowly wander over the land. As meanders erode from side to side, they create a floodplain. This is a broad, flat area on both sides of a river. Eventually, a meander may become cut off from the rest of the river. This forms an oxbow lake. <sep>What is the flat area on both sides of a river?<sep>Bank of a river
A: No
****
Q: Imagine a glass of your favorite drink that never became empty. Now think about what really happens. You take a drink and there is less in the glass. You keep drinking and soon it is all gone. Good thing you have more to refill your glass. What if there would never be any more of your favorite drink. What would you do? Now you know the difference between renewable and non-renewable. Its too bad that many things here on Earth will run out. This includes some of our natural resources we depend on. Things like oil will not last forever. There is a limited supply. Someday, we will run out, so then what? At current rates of use, coal will last about 300 years. Petroleum will be used up in just a few decades. <sep>What is the difference between renewable and non-renewable?<sep>One is causes air pollution while the other does not
A: No
****
Q: Have you are burned something on the stove or in the oven? Do you know why things burn? It all has to do with temperature. Changes in matter are affected by temperature. For example, what if you place a cake in the oven and you leave it in too long? What do you think will happen? Thats right, it will probably burn. The same thing will happen if the oven setting is too high and you apply too much heat. In either case, heat has affected the rate of change in matter. Its probably obvious that when the temperature is increased a chemical change, like cooking, will occur faster. What about a physical change? Are physical changes affected by temperature? Most of us have seen steam rising off a wet road after a summer rainstorm. This happens because the road surface is very warm. The warm road and warm air temperature causes the water to evaporate quickly. The liquid water is turning into water vapor, but it is still water. The evaporation of water is a physical change. So yes, temperature affects the rate that physical change occurs. <sep>Give two examples of how heat affects the matter.<sep>The cake in the over left for too long will burn, the same if the heat is too high
A: | Yes
****
|
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you are given a text of many news articles seperated by special token "|||||". Your task is to summarize them.
BERKELEY
Cocaine can speedily rewire high-level brain circuits that support learning, memory and decision-making, according to new research from UC Berkeley and UCSF. The findings shed new light on the frontal brain’s role in drug-seeking behavior and may be key to tackling addiction.
Looking into the frontal lobes of live mice at a cellular level, researchers found that, after just one dose of cocaine, the rodents showed fast and robust growth of dendritic spines, which are tiny, twig-like structures that connect neurons and form the nodes of the brain’s circuit wiring.
“Our images provide clear evidence that cocaine induces rapid gains in new spines, and the more spines the mice gain, the more they show they learned about the drug,” said Linda Wilbrecht, assistant professor of psychology and neuroscience at UC Berkeley and lead author of the paper published today (August 25) in the journal Nature Neuroscience.
For mice, “learning about the drug” can mean seeking it out to the exclusion of meeting other needs, which may explain how addiction in humans can override other considerations that are necessary for a balanced life: “The downside is, you might be learning too well about drugs at the expense of other things,” Wilbrecht said.
Using a technology known as 2-photon laser scanning microscopy, researchers made images of nerve cell connections in the frontal cortices of live mice before and after the mice received their first dose of cocaine and, within just two hours, observed the formation of new dendritic spines.
“The number of new, robust spines gained correlated with how much the individual mice learned to prefer the context in which they received the drug,” Wilbrecht said. The findings provide clues to behavioral and environmental factors in drug addiction.
Previous analyses of postmortem mouse brains have shown that repeated cocaine use and withdrawal changes dendritic spine density after weeks of exposure. But this is the first time that 2-photon laser scanning microscopy has been used to make images of spines in the frontal cortex before and after the first cocaine exposure in living mice, Wilbrecht said.
Over the course of a few days, male mice were moved from their cages to a “conditioning box” comprised of two adjoining compartments. Each chamber – one smelled of cinnamon and the other of vanilla – was decorated with different patterns and textures so the mice could differentiate between the two.
Initially, the mice were free to explore both chambers, which were connected by a small doorway. Researchers recorded which side each mouse preferred. The next day, the mice were injected with saline, which has no stimulant effect on mice, and were placed for 15 minutes in the compartment for which they had shown a preference. The door between the two chambers was shut.
The following day, they were injected with cocaine and placed in the chamber that was not their preferred side. Again, the door between the two chambers was shut and they were inside for 15 minutes. On the fourth day, the door between the two chambers was open, yet the mice overwhelmingly picked the chamber where they had received and presumably enjoyed the cocaine.
“When given a choice, most of the mice preferred to explore the side where they had the cocaine, which indicated that they were looking for more cocaine,” Wilbrecht said. “Their change in preference for the cocaine side correlated with gains in new persistent spines that appeared on the day they experienced cocaine.”
According to Wilbrecht, “These drug-induced changes in the brain may explain how drug related cues come to dominate decision-making in a human drug user, leaving more mundane tasks and cues with relatively less power to activate the brain’s decision-making centers.”
Much of the research was conducted at the Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center at UCSF. Other co-authors of the study are Francisco Javier Munoz-Cuevas and Jegath Athilingam from the Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center and Denise Piscopo of the University of Oregon. ||||| Image caption The researchers looked for tiny protrusions from brain cells called dendritic spines
Taking cocaine can change the structure of the brain within hours in what could be the first steps of drug addiction, according to US researchers.
Animal tests, reported in the journal Nature Neuroscience, showed new structures linked to learning and memory began to grow soon after the drug was taken.
Mice with the most brain changes showed a greater preference for cocaine.
Experts described it as the brain "learning addiction".
The team at University of California, Berkeley and UC San Francisco looked for tiny protrusions from brain cells called dendritic spines. They are heavily implicated in memory formation.
Cocaine hunting
The place or environment that drugs are taken plays an important role in addiction.
This study gives us a solid understanding of how addiction occurs - it shows us how addiction is learned by the brain Dr Gerome Breen, Institute of Psychiatry
In the experiments, the mice were allowed to explore freely two very different chambers - each with a different smell and surface texture.
Once they had picked a favourite they were injected with cocaine in the other chamber.
A type of laser microscopy was used to look inside the brains of living mice to hunt for the dendritic spines.
More new spines were produced when the mice were injected with cocaine than with water, suggesting new memories being formed around drug use.
The difference could be detected two hours after the first dose.
Researcher Linda Wilbrecht, assistant professor of psychology and neuroscience at UC Berkeley, said: "Our images provide clear evidence that cocaine induces rapid gains in new spines, and the more spines the mice gain, the more they show they learned about the drug.
"This gives us a possible mechanism for how drug use fuels further drug-seeking behaviour.
"These drug-induced changes in the brain may explain how drug-related cues come to dominate decision making in a human drug user."
Commenting on the research, Dr Gerome Breen, from the Institute of Psychiatry at King's College London, told the BBC: "Dendritic spine development is particularly important in learning and memory.
"This study gives us a solid understanding of how addiction occurs - it shows us how addiction is learned by the brain.
"But it is not immediately apparent how useful this would be in developing a therapy." |||||
| Just one dose of cocaine may physically change the brain as the body begins "learning addiction," scientists say. They investigated the effect of the drug on mice, and noted that within two hours of being injected with the drug, brain changes were visible, the BBC reports. After two hours, scans showed that mice on the drug developed more dendritic spines—key to forming memories—than did mice injected with water. "Our images provide clear evidence that cocaine induces rapid gains in new spines, and the more spines the mice gain, the more they show they learned about the drug," says a researcher. At the beginning of the experiment, the mice were placed in a "conditioning box" comprised of two very different rooms linked by a door. After their room preference became clear, they were injected in the opposite room. Afterward, mice tended to hang out on the side where they'd been injected, suggesting "they were looking for more cocaine," says the researcher, per the UC Berkeley News Center. As for us humans, the brain changes could show how "drug-related cues come to dominate decision-making ... leaving more mundane tasks and cues with relatively less power to activate the brain’s decision-making centers." (Click for another fascinating study involving cocaine.) |
Teacher:In this task, we ask you to elaborate the sentence without changing its general meaning. You can do so by explaining further the input sentence, using more precise wording, adding qualifiers and auxiliary information etc.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: When there were three HouseGuests left , the public would vote for the winner .
Student: | When only three HouseGuests remained , the viewers would vote for which of them should win the series , and the HouseGuest with the most votes would become the winner . |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, we ask you to elaborate the sentence without changing its general meaning. You can do so by explaining further the input sentence, using more precise wording, adding qualifiers and auxiliary information etc.
Q: The 2012 D.C. United is the seventeenth season for D.C. United playing in Major League Soccer .
A: | The 2012 D.C. United season was the club 's seventeenth season of existence , and their seventeenth consecutive season of playing in Major League Soccer , the top division of American soccer . |
[Q]: How to relieve itching from chickenpox<br>Resist the urge to scratch your skin. Chickenpox can be very itchy and the severity of the rash varies from person to person. Your scratching starts a scratch-itch cycle that will never end. Plenty of rest helps
[A]: It's impossible to say
[Q]: Addressing a function organized here by the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC), Anand said, the greatest and most urgent challenges of human rights in India were in the areas of maternal and child care, child education, child labor, child abuse and protection of minorities and weaker sections. Anand said India was facing human rights troubles.
[A]: Yes
[Q]: Mickey's Birthday Party is a theatrical cartoon short made by Walt Disney and distributed by RKO Radio Pictures. It was released on February 7, 1942. The animated film was directed by Riley Thomson and animated by Les Clark, James Moore, Ken Muse, Armin Shaffair, Riley Thompson, Bernie Wolf, and Marvin Woodward. Mickey's Birthday Party is a hysterical theatrical cartoon short made by Walt Disney and distributed by RKO Radio Pictures.
[A]: It's impossible to say
[Q]: Kayak Flipping<br>My friend and I were in a kayak race during Spring Break. We didn't do so well in the first stretch. We decided to spin around in the kayak instead of rowing towards shore. Another kayak hit our kayak so my friend and I fell into the water. Our other friends had to swim out to get us, and it was embarrassing. 7 friends rushed out to help them
[A]: | It's impossible to say |
Definition: You will be given a passage, and your task is to generate a Yes/No question that is answerable based on the given passage.
Input: Card counting is not illegal under British law, nor is it under federal, state, or local laws in the United States provided that no external card counting device or person assists the player in counting cards. Still, casinos object to the practice, and try to prevent it, banning players believed to be counters. In their pursuit to identify card counters, casinos sometimes misidentify and ban players suspected of counting cards even if they do not.
Output: | is it legal to count cards in vegas? |
In this task, we ask you to elaborate the sentence without changing its general meaning. You can do so by explaining further the input sentence, using more precise wording, adding qualifiers and auxiliary information etc.
Q: Plessy argued that the state law which required East Louisiana Railroad to segregate trains had denied him his rights under the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution .
A: | The State of Louisiana " , Plessy 's lawyers argued that the state law which required East Louisiana Railroad to segregate trains had denied him his rights under the Thirteenth and Fourteenth amendments of the United States Constitution , which provided for equal treatment under the law . |
Definition: You will be given a passage, and your task is to generate a Yes/No question that is answerable based on the given passage.
Input: Polygamy is the act or condition of a person marrying another person while still being lawfully married to another spouse. As this is the very definition of bigamy, it is illegal in the United States. The crime is punishable by a fine, imprisonment, or both, according to the law of the individual state and the circumstances of the offense. Polygamy was outlawed federally by the Edmunds Act, and there are laws against the practice in all 50 states, as well as the District of Columbia, Guam, and Puerto Rico. Because state laws exist, polygamy is not actively prosecuted at the federal level, but the practice is considered ``against public policy'' and, accordingly, the U.S. government won't recognize bigamous marriages for immigration purposes (that is, would not allow one of the spouses to petition for immigration benefits for the other), even if they are legal in the country where bigamous marriage was celebrated. Any immigrant who is coming to the United States to practice polygamy is inadmissible.
Output: | is polygamy legal in any state in the united states? |
Definition: In this task, you are given a question and a context passage. You have to answer the question based on the given passage.
Input: How many characters would you find in the Multilingual European Subset that includes everything from MES-1 and WGL-4?, Context: Several subsets of Unicode are standardized: Microsoft Windows since Windows NT 4.0 supports WGL-4 with 652 characters, which is considered to support all contemporary European languages using the Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic script. Other standardized subsets of Unicode include the Multilingual European Subsets: MES-1 (Latin scripts only, 335 characters), MES-2 (Latin, Greek and Cyrillic 1062 characters) and MES-3A & MES-3B (two larger subsets, not shown here). Note that MES-2 includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4.
Output: | 1062 |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, we ask you to elaborate the sentence without changing its general meaning. You can do so by explaining further the input sentence, using more precise wording, adding qualifiers and auxiliary information etc.
See one example below:
Problem: The Inheritance Cycle is a series of fantasy books written by Christopher Paolini.
Solution: The Inheritance Cycle is a tetralogy of young adult high fantasy novels written by American author Christopher Paolini.
Explanation: The output sentence elaborates on the input sentence without changing its general meaning e.g. "tetralogy of young adult high fantasy novels".
Problem: An artesian aquifer is trapped between rocks or clay which causes the pressure .
Solution: | An artesian aquifer is trapped water , surrounded by layers of impermeable rock or clay which apply positive pressure to the water contained within the aquifer . |
input hypothesis: Bellemare was not borrowed from Norman by French.
Context: Bellemare ( ; ] ) is a common Norman surname, that means "somebody from Bellemare", name of several hamlets in Normandy (± 20). It is also one of the most common family names in Mauricie, Quebec. It is a compound of French "belle" "nice, pretty" and "mare" "mere, lake, pond", Norman word of Old Norse origin "marr" "sea", finally borrowed from Norman by French around 1600 as "pond, puddle".
OPTIONS:
- Yes
- It's impossible to say
- No
true or false: No
Context:
The fatal shooting of Steven Charles Jenkins, a terminally ill AIDS patient, by his friend Philip Lee Saylor at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center has again focused attention on the problems of death and dying in our society.
Hypothesis: Steven Charles Jenkins was terminally will with brain cancer OPTIONS:
- Yes
- It's impossible to say
- No
No
Input: OPTIONS:
- Yes
- It's impossible to say
- No
How to calculate an apy of a bond<br>Analyze the terms of a bond. The amount you invest is called the " face value " of the bond, while the interest rate is called the " coupon rate. " the maturity date is the date you receive repayment of the amount you invested plus the interest owed to you.
Sentence: there is a way of calculating a apy of a bond.
Output: Yes
Problem:
Read the following paragraph and determine if the hypothesis is true:
How to bed a rifle stock<br>Order the correct action for your rifle. Contact the manufacturer of your rifle. Work with a company representative to determine the type of action you require.
OPTIONS:
- Yes
- It's impossible to say
- No
Hypothesis: An individual should determine the correct action for their own rifle.
****
Answer:
No
[Q]: Online Renewal<br>I recently got myself a library card. I was limited to only five checkouts at first. I checked out three books and two DVDs. I have renewed each of them twice since then. I fear they may suspect I am stealing the items. The two DVDs didnt work OPTIONS:
- Yes
- It's impossible to say
- No
[A]: It's impossible to say
[Q]: How to make an apple pie smoothie<br>Prepare the apple. Wash one large apple and remove the core. You don't need to peel the apple, although you may want to if your blender isn't very powerful. Apple pie smoothies are dairy free OPTIONS:
- Yes
- It's impossible to say
- No
[A]: | It's impossible to say |
Problem: Write the next sentence for:
A man is standing at the foot of a large wall. He is stretching and staring at it looking like he might climb it. he.
Next sentence: looks up and down before putting a foot on the base of the wall.
Problem: Write the next sentence for:
How to treat feather picking in african grey parrots
Take your parrot to the vet.
If your bird is ill or in pain, then it may pick its feathers to cope. Birds don't understand how illness or pain work, so their instinct tells them to try to remove the cause of what's bothering them, which leads to plucking..
Next sentence: The plucking can also be caused by hormones, which can be treated by the vet. The vet can check for bacterial infections, parasites, and heavy metal poisoning.
Problem: Write the next sentence for:
A man spins a hammer throw sports hammer around and around again at a professional sports event and then lets it go to fly into a field surrounded by an audience in bleachers. The athlete walks away and looks disappointed as a scoreboard reveals the score. two more athletes.
Next sentence: perform the same sport in the same way both letting the hammer fly in the air.
Problem: Write the next sentence for:
How to choose an under the sink water filter
Make sure you have room under your sink for a filter.
The filter will attach to the pipes beneath the sink, so clear enough space to accommodate the filter system.
Understand your water composition..
Next sentence: | Before you choose a filter, you will need to know what kind of impurities are present in your natural water supply. Buy a do-it-yourself water testing kit to determine what you want to filter out of your water. |
Instructions: In this task, we ask you to elaborate the sentence without changing its general meaning. You can do so by explaining further the input sentence, using more precise wording, adding qualifiers and auxiliary information etc.
Input: The London , Brighton and South Coast Railway ( LBSCR was a railway company in England from 1846 to 1922 .
Output: | The London , Brighton and South Coast Railway ( LB & SCR ; known also as " the Brighton line " , " the Brighton Railway " or " the Brighton " ) was a railway company in the United Kingdom from 1846 to 1922 . |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you will be presented with a context passage, a question about that paragraph, and a possible answer to that question. The task is to check the validity of the answer. Answer with "Yes" or "No".
Life for the partners of Cates, Katalinic & Lund holds little of the glamour one might expect from a career in law. Instead of lunches at Lut��ce, they caucus at the Palace Diner in Queens. Wooing clients means passing out fliers on street corners, not securing box seats at Madison Square Garden. To make ends meet, one partner stacks pipe and cleans the yard at a plumbing warehouse. Another handles urine samples in a hospital lab. A sign of failure, of a feeble economy, perhaps? Hardly. They are heeding the call of a growing pool of law schools, which are for the first time pointing graduates in a new direction and teaching them how to get there. Forget the lure of large firms, the security of a government post. Here is how to grapple "in the service of justice," as many of the schools put it, instead. Convinced that corporate largess and government programs barely dent the nation's legal needs, the law schools are urging graduates to buck tradition, pass up big salaries and ignore mushrooming student debt to join tiny neighborhood practices or simply start their own, all with an eye toward charging no more than their clients can afford. This is not pro bono legal work; it is "low bono," a term the schools coined to define the atypical kind of law career they are training students for. While its practitioners do charge for their services, they are also dead set on turning no one away - or at least as few as possible. "When you go into this kind of social justice law, it's really brutal and you're almost guaranteed to struggle for a couple of years before there's a light at the end of the tunnel," said Fred Rooney, director of the Community Legal Resource Network at City University of New York School of Law, from which the lawyers of the newly formed Cates, Katalinic & Lund graduated last May. "But if our graduates don't do it, the millions of people who cannot access justice in this country will continue to soar." The movement, primly called the consortium, started four years ago by CUNY, Northeastern University, the University of Maryland and St. Mary's Law School in Texas. (St. Mary's later dropped out.) Since then, it has drawn seven additional law schools to its ranks: the University of Michigan, Rutgers and Syracuse Law Schools, New York Law School, University of New Mexico School of Law, Thomas M. Cooley Law School and Touro Law School. It has elicited at least initial interest from 19 more. <sep>Who made this statement: "But if our graduates don't do it, the millions of people who cannot access justice in this country will continue to soar."<sep>St. Mary's Law School
Output: | Yes |
You will be given a passage, and your task is to generate a Yes/No question that is answerable based on the given passage.
Example input: Powdered sugar, also called confectioners' sugar, icing sugar, and icing cake, is a finely ground sugar produced by milling granulated sugar into a powdered state. It usually contains a small amount of anti-caking agent to prevent clumping and improve flow. Although most often produced in a factory, powdered sugar can also be made by processing ordinary granulated sugar in a coffee grinder, or by crushing it by hand in a mortar and pestle.
Example output: is confectionary sugar the same as powdered sugar?
Example explanation: The question is a yes/no question, and it is answerable based on the given passage.
Q: John celebrates his 40th birthday and later goes skinny dipping with Jenny in their swimming pool. Increasingly disenchanted with his job, he decides to accept a position as a reporter with The Philadelphia Inquirer with Jenny's blessing, and the family moves to a farm in rural Pennsylvania. John soon realizes that he is a better columnist than reporter and pitches the column idea to his editor. Life is idyllic until the aging Marley begins to show signs of arthritis and deafness. An attack of gastric dilatation volvulus almost kills him, but he recovers. When a second attack occurs, it becomes clear surgery will not help him, and Marley is euthanized with John at his side. The family pay their last respects to their beloved pet as they bury him beneath a tree in their front yard.
A: | does marley die in the movie marley and me? |
You will be given a passage, and your task is to generate a Yes/No question that is answerable based on the given passage.
Talk of a sequel began with the release of Clash of the Titans in March 2010. Scribes Dan Mazeau and David Leslie Johnson were hired in June 2010 and director Jonathan Liebesman was brought on board in August 2010. The majority of the casting took place between January and February 2011. Principal photography began in London in March 2011. Like its predecessor, the film was converted to 3D in post-production. Wrath of the Titans was released in 2D and 3D on March 30, 2012 in the United States. The film received widespread negative reception from critics and grossed $305 million worldwide. A sequel entitled Revenge of the Titans was planned for a 2013 release, but was cancelled due to the two films' critical failures and too few ideas for the script. | will there be a sequel to wrath of the titans? |
Vladimir Oiunovich Oidupaa (Russian: Владимир Ойунович Ойдупаа , Tuvan: Ойдупаа Владимир Ойун оглу, "Oidupaa Vladimir Oiun oglu" ] , 6 September 1949 – 25 September 2013) was a Tuvan musician, who performed Kargyraa and played bayan. He is considered one of the leading figures in the contemporary Tuvan music.
Can we draw the following conclusion?
Vladimir Oiunovich Oidupaa was born after 1945 | Yes |
In this task, you are given a text of many news articles seperated by special token "|||||". Your task is to summarize them.
Q.
What is the reason you want to do another video as a follow-up up to your original video?
A.
In the original video I thought I thought we were very constrained in what I could and couldn’t say because of the Department of Justice investigation that was held above my head. I feel that now is the perfect time to speak my mind without fear of retaliation by the president, the attorney general, the federal government etc.
Q.
What was the first thing that went through your mind when you heard the news that the charges were abandoned?
A.
Initially I was extremely alleviated. Quickly that turned into realization that the Department of Justice finding that there was no basis to pursue charges was just the beginning of a journey my personal journey to correct the wrongs that the federal government did. To ensure that it never happens to any innocent American ever again.
Q.
You mentioned injustice by the federal government. Is there any sort of feeling you have after this whole journey – event that there has been unfairness toward you?
A.
Absolutely the federal government the FBI under the Department of Justice and Eric Holder they had gone to Sanford interviewed in particular a Sanford sergeant who stated in very clear terms that he did not care whether it was legal or not that I should be prosecuted because of the fear of a civil unrest in the city of Sanford. Knowing that the Department of Justice did not investigate further to see if my civil rights were violated. They opened an investigation and reopened it to see if I had violated his civil rights. And again they had various numerous examples of bounties place on my head, credible threats placed against myself and my family. Against from whom they know to be domestic terrorists and the president and the attorney general and the federal government declined to do anything about it.
Q.
Now that we are talking about this let me just ask you going back to the actual event that evening in Sanford. Did you do anything wrong?
A.
No sir
Q.
Do you have clean conscience at this point?
A.
Yes sir
Q.
And, do you wish you had turned out differently?
A.
I believe that the American judicial system failed in the sense that I should not even gone to trial but I do believe that the jury process succeeded and ultimately justice was served and I was acquitted and I am a free man. I don’t see obviously if there was a different outcome then I would feel differently but right now the way things turned out I, I’m satisfied. And with again the news of the Department of Justice definitively concluding there is no charge to be levied against me I feel like the department of justice process worked.
Q.
George how about the actual event itself. Do you wish you had turned different?
A.
I answered that question in my initial interview with Sean Hannity. On different perspectives with me as a Christian I believe that God does everything for a purpose, and he had his plans and for me to second guess them would be hypocritical and almost blasphemous. However as an individual I’ve done a lot of soul-searching and the conclusion that many professionals and, have conveyed to me and I have come to adopt is that it only in a true life or death scenario can you have mental clearness to know that you cannot feel guilty for surviving. Had I had a fraction of the thought that I could have done something differently, acted differently so that both of us who survived then I would have heavier weight on my shoulders. That sense in the back of my mind but in all fairness you cannot as a human feel guilty for living, for surviving
Q.
Do you feel you were treated different from someone else who may have been in the same situation?
A.
That’s hard to tell. I think that there are a lot of characteristics, aspects, personality traits, personal history that was used against me erroneously. For example my last name carrying a Caucasian German connotation definitely helped them portray me as a racist white man when in reality I am you know my mother’s Peruvian my father is American and I was raised by my mother and my grandmother both fully Hispanic. So I’m by no means was I ever portrayed as a white racist prior to this but they used certain aspects of character, characteristics of my personality against me.
Q.
What was the position of the Hispanic community during all of this?
A.
I tell you; personally my Hispanic community from home Northern Virginia was extremely supportive. I was tremendously disappointed and let down by the Hispanic Congressional Caucus. They aligned themselves with the Black Congressional Caucus and did everything that they could to in essence throw me under the bus. They identified with the Black Congressional Caucus and viewing me as a white racist and a, doing something negligent or racist and without even knowing anything about my character.
Q.
George you mentioned unfairness and if you had to point to a government agency or official, who do you think the highest level of fairness to your personal situation?
A.
By far, the President of the United States, Barack Hussein Obama. He had the most authority and in that sense I would hold him in the highest regard believing that he would hold that position and do his absolute hardest to not inflame racial tensions in America.
Unfortunately after even after Jay Carney, his press secretary stated in the White House briefing that the White House will not interject in a local law enforcement matter and at most a state criminal matter, President Obama held his Rose Garden speech stating if I had a son he would look like Trayvon. To me that was clearly a dereliction of duty pitting Americans against each other solely based on race. He took what should have been a clear-cut self-defense matter and still to this day on the anniversary of incident he held a ceremony at the White House inviting the Martin-Fulton family and stating that they should take the day to reflect upon the fact that all children’s lives matter. Unfortunately for the president I’m also my parent’s child and my life matters as well. And for him to make incendiary comments as he did and direct the Department of Justice to pursue a baseless prosecution he by far overstretched, overreached, even broke the law in certain aspects to where you have an innocent American being prosecuted by the federal government which should never happen.
Q.
What would you have had the president do, what would you have considered the proper response throughout the entire situation and at the end?
A.
I think that throughout the process the president should done when he said he was going to do and not interject himself in a local law enforcement matter or a state matter and waited until the facts came out. Instead of rushing to judgment, making racially charged comments and pitting American against American. I believe that he should of taken the higher road given his position and said, been an example, been a leader as the president should be and say lets not rush to judgment. As I’m sure he would want that same luxury afforded to him if he was accused of something, and asked for a calm, ask for peace. Ask for the Martin-Fulton family and their attorneys not to incite violence and asked for calm from the entire community.
Q.
There are a lot of people who point to the fact that you’ve had repeated trouble after this incident and that gives proof right there that you were wrong in what you did. How would you respond to those people?
A.
I would ask them to put themselves in my shoes and again when you have a speeding ticket or a speeding infraction, any traffic citation and it makes international news appearing all the way to the UK you have to sit back and ask what is the media’s agenda.
Q.
Are you the same person right now that you were five years ago?
A.
Absolutely not. I have to have my guard up significantly. I have to look over my shoulder on a daily basis several times a day. I don’t get to spend time with my family, .… my mentor. I do try and keep my ideals the same. I do try and remain pragmatic because despite it all I still believe that people are truly good at heart as Anne Frank has said and I will put myself in any position to help another human in any way I can ,as evidenced by the helping me family the SUV.
Q.
Do you think you will be the person again from five years ago?
A.
I don’t know. I truly, it’s up to God and I put it all in his hands and I do have faith that whatever he has planned out for me is what’s best for me. So whatever he’s determined whatever he has planned out for me I am along for the ride and I just hope to be strong enough to see his will be done
Thank you George
Thank you ||||| In his first public comments since the U.S. Department of Justice announced it would not prosecute him for violating Trayvon Martin's civil rights, George Zimmerman says he was victimized by President Obama.
The president should never have allowed the DOJ investigation and is guilty of ramping up racial tension when he said, "If I had a son, he would look like Trayvon," Zimmerman said.
Zimmerman is the Neighborhood Watch volunteer who killed Trayvon Martin, an unarmed black 17-year-old, in Sanford on Feb. 26, 2012, setting off civil rights demonstrations across the country and beyond.
A Seminole County jury acquitted Zimmerman of manslaughter in 2013.
Zimmerman went into hiding after the shooting and still tightly guards his privacy.
He has rejected most media requests for an interview but on March 8 video-recorded an interview with his Tampa divorce lawyer, Howard Iken of Ayo and Iken PLC.
The appearance of George Zimmerman, who fatally shot 17-year-old Trayvon Martin in Sanford, has changed over the years, and dramatically since the case began. Complete coverage of the case (Orlando Sentinel/Reuters)
In it, he faulted the media for portraying him as a racist and the criminal justice system for bringing him to trial but saved his harshest criticism for Obama, whom he accused of trying to prosecute "an innocent American."
"For him to make incendiary comments as he did and direct the Department of Justice to pursue a baseless prosecution, he by far over-stretched, over-reached," Zimmerman said.
The president, whom he referred to as "Barack Hussein Obama," should have told the public, " 'Let's not rush to judgment,' " Zimmerman said.
On Feb. 24, the Department of Justice announced that it would file no charges against Zimmerman and was closing its three-year-old investigation.
According to Iken, federal authorities have not returned to Zimmerman the Kel-Tec 9mm semiautomatic pistol that he used to kill Trayvon.
Iken interviewed Zimmerman in Orlando.
"Do you have a clean conscience at this point?" the lawyer asked about the shooting.
"Yes, sir."
"Do you wish (it) … had turned out differently?"
"I believe that the American judicial system failed in the sense that I should not even (have) gone to trial, but I do believe that the jury process succeeded," Zimmerman said.
He said he's convinced there's nothing he could have done differently that would have allowed both him and Trayvon to survive their confrontation that night.
"In all fairness, you cannot as a human feel guilty for living, for surviving," he said.
"Are you the same person right now that you were five years ago?" Iken asked.
"Absolutely not," Zimmerman said. "I have to have my guard up. … I still believe that people are truly good at heart, as Anne Frank has said, and I will put myself in any position to help another human in any way I can."
You can watch the interview here.
[email protected] ||||| | Three years after he killed Trayvon Martin, George Zimmerman says he has a clear conscience, but he knows who to blame for racial tensions around the case: "Barack Hussein Obama." In a video posted on his divorce lawyer's website, Zimmerman accuses the president of persecuting him by pursuing a "baseless" federal prosecution, and of inflaming tensions with his comment, "If I had a son, he would look like Trayvon," reports the Orlando Sentinel. The video was recorded earlier this month, a couple of weeks after the Justice Department decided not to bring civil rights charges against Zimmerman over the black teenager's death. Zimmerman calls Obama's comments "clearly a dereliction of duty, pitting Americans against each other solely based on race," and accuses him of breaking the law to the point "where you have an innocent American being prosecuted by the federal government, which should never happen." He says that in his case, the legal process worked, but there should have been a probe into whether his own civil rights were violated, CNN reports. He says he has no guilt about how he acted in what he calls a "life-or-death" situation with Martin, and while he's not the same person he was five years ago, he believes "that people are truly good at heart, as Anne Frank has said, and I will put myself in any position to help another human in any way I can." |
Detailed Instructions: In this task you will be given an answer to a question. You need to generate a question. The answer given should be a correct answer for the generated question.
See one example below:
Problem: This list contains the top 25 accounts with the most followers on the social photo-sharing platform Instagram. As of May 2018, the most followed user is Instagram's own account, with over 235 million followers. Selena Gomez is the most followed individual, with over 137 million followers. Ten accounts have exceeded 100 million followers on the site.
Solution: who has the maximum number of followers on instagram
Explanation: The answer is talking about the Instagram accounts that have the most followers. The question asking about the maximum number of followers. So this is a good example.
Problem: Chandigarh (local pronunciation: (tʃə̃ˈɖiːɡəɽɦ) (listen)) is a city and a union territory in India that serves as the capital of the two neighbouring states of Haryana and Punjab. The city is unique as it is not a part of either of the two states but is governed directly by the Union Government, which administers all such territories in the country.
Solution: | chandigarh is the capital of which two states |
In this task you will be given an answer to a question. You need to generate a question. The answer given should be a correct answer for the generated question.
The House of Wisdom (Arabic: بيت الحكمة ; Bayt al-Hikma) refers either to a major Abbasid public academy and intellectual center in Baghdad or to a large private library belonging to the Abbasid Caliphs during the Islamic Golden Age. The House of Wisdom is the subject of an active dispute over its functions and existence as a formal academy, an issue complicated by a lack of physical evidence following the collapse of the Abbasid Caliphate and a reliance on corroboration of literary sources to construct a narrative. The House of Wisdom was founded either as a library for the collections of the Caliph Harun al-Rashid in the late 8th century and later turned into a public academy during the reign of Al-Ma'mun or was a private collection created by Al-Mansur (reign 754 -- 775) to house rare books and collections of poetry in both Arabic and Persian. Regardless, the House of Wisdom existed as a part of the major Translation Movement taking place during the Abbasid Era, translating works from Greek and Syriac to Arabic, but it is unlikely that The House of Wisdom existed as the sole center of such work, as major translation efforts arose in Cairo and Damascus even earlier than the proposed establishment of the House of Wisdom. This translation movement lent momentum to a great deal of original research occurring in the Islamicate world, which had access to texts from Greek, Persian and Indian sources, as opposed to the 'Bookshelf Thesis' that reduces the contributions of Islamicate scholars to mere translation and preservation of Greek texts. | what was the purpose of the house of wisdom |
In this task, you are given a question and a context passage. You have to answer the question based on the given passage.
Q: What does dell want to do?, Context: Dell has been attempting to offset its declining PC business, which still accounted for half of its revenue and generates steady cash flow, by expanding into the enterprise market with servers, networking, software, and services. It avoided many of the acquisition writedowns and management turnover that plagued its chief rival Hewlett Packard. Dell also managed some success in taking advantage of its high-touch direct sales heritage to establish close relationships and design solutions for clients. Despite spending $13 billion on acquisitions to diversify its portfolio beyond hardware, the company was unable to convince the market that it could thrive or made the transformation in the post-PC world, as it suffered continued declines in revenue and share price. Dell's market share in the corporate segment was previously a "moat" against rivals but this has no longer been the case as sales and profits have fallen precipitously.
A: | offset its declining PC business |
In this task, you are given a text of many news articles seperated by special token "|||||". Your task is to summarize them.
Q: While diplomatically inconvenient for the Western powers, Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas’s attempt to get the United Nations to unilaterally declare a Palestinian state has elicited widespread sympathy. After all, what choice did he have? According to the accepted narrative, Middle East peace is made impossible by a hard-line Likud-led Israel that refuses to accept a Palestinian state and continues to build settlements.
It is remarkable how this gross inversion of the truth has become conventional wisdom. In fact, Benjamin Netanyahu brought his Likud-led coalition to open recognition of a Palestinian state, thereby creating Israel’s first national consensus for a two-state solution. He is also the only prime minister to agree to a settlement freeze — 10 months — something no Labor or Kadima government has ever done.
To which Abbas responded by boycotting the talks for nine months, showing up in the 10th, then walking out when the freeze expired. Last week he reiterated that he will continue to boycott peace talks unless Israel gives up — in advance — claim to any territory beyond the 1967 lines. Meaning, for example, that the Jewish Quarter in Jerusalem is Palestinian territory. This is not just absurd. It violates every prior peace agreement. They all stipulate that such demands are to be the subject of negotiations, not their precondition.
Abbas unwaveringly insists on the so-called “right of return,” which would demographically destroy Israel by swamping it with millions of Arabs, thereby turning the world’s only Jewish state into the world’s 23rd Arab state. And he has repeatedly declared, as recently as last week in New York: “We shall not recognize a Jewish state.”
Nor is this new. It is perfectly consistent with the long history of Palestinian rejectionism. Consider:
●Camp David, 2000. At a U.S.-sponsored summit, Prime Minister Ehud Barak offers Yasser Arafat a Palestinian state on the West Bank and Gaza — and, astonishingly, the previously inconceivable division of Jerusalem. Arafat refuses. And makes no counteroffer, thereby demonstrating his unseriousness about making any deal. Instead, within two months, he launches a savage terror war that kills a thousand Israelis.
●Taba, 2001. An even sweeter deal — the Clinton Parameters — is offered. Arafat walks away again.
●Israel, 2008. Prime Minister Ehud Olmert makes the ultimate capitulation to Palestinian demands — 100 percent of the West Bank (with land swaps), Palestinian statehood, the division of Jerusalem with the Muslim parts becoming the capital of the new Palestine. And incredibly, he offers to turn over the city’s holy places, including the Western Wall — Judaism’s most sacred site, its Kaaba — to an international body on which sit Jordan and Saudi Arabia.
Did Abbas accept? Of course not. If he had, the conflict would be over and Palestine would already be a member of the United Nations.
This is not ancient history. All three peace talks occurred over the past decade. And every one completely contradicts the current mindless narrative of Israeli “intransigence” as the obstacle to peace.
Settlements? Every settlement remaining within the new Palestine would be destroyed and emptied, precisely as happened in Gaza.
So why did the Palestinians say no? Because saying yes would have required them to sign a final peace agreement that accepted a Jewish state on what they consider the Muslim patrimony.
The key word here is “final.” The Palestinians are quite prepared to sign interim agreements, like Oslo. Framework agreements, like Annapolis. Cease-fires, like the 1949 armistice. Anything but a final deal. Anything but a final peace. Anything but a treaty that ends the conflict once and for all — while leaving a Jewish state still standing.
After all, why did Abbas go to the United Nations last week? For nearly half a century, the United States has pursued a Middle East settlement on the basis of the formula of land for peace. Land for peace produced the Israel-Egypt peace of 1979 and the Israel-Jordan peace of 1994. Israel has offered the Palestinians land for peace three times since. And been refused every time.
Why? For exactly the same reason Abbas went to the United Nations last week: to get land without peace. Sovereignty with no reciprocal recognition of a Jewish state. Statehood without negotiations. An independent Palestine in a continued state of war with Israel.
Israel gave up land without peace in south Lebanon in 2000 and, in return, received war (the Lebanon war of 2006) and 50,000 Hezbollah missiles now targeted on the Israeli homeland. In 2005, Israel gave up land without peace in Gaza, and again was rewarded with war — and constant rocket attack from an openly genocidal Palestinian mini-state.
Israel is prepared to give up land, but never again without peace. A final peace. Which is exactly what every Palestinian leader from Haj Amin al-Husseini to Yasser Arafat to Mahmoud Abbas has refused to accept. Which is why, regardless of who is governing Israel, there has never been peace. Territorial disputes are solvable; existential conflicts are not.
Land for peace, yes. Land without peace is nothing but an invitation to national suicide.
[email protected]
More from PostOpinions:
Meyerson: Senate finally stands up to China
Gerson: How Europe threatens the U.S.
Editorial: Bahrain’s repression ||||| To which Abbas responded by boycotting the talks for nine months, showing up in the 10th, then walking out when the freeze expired. Last week he reiterated that he will continue to boycott peace talks unless Israel gives up — in advance — claim to any territory beyond the 1967 lines. Meaning, for example, that the Jewish Quarter in Jerusalem is Palestinian territory. This is not just absurd. It violates every prior peace agreement. They all stipulate that such demands are to be the subject of negotiations, not their precondition.
Abbas unwaveringly insists on the so-called “right of return,” which would demographically destroy Israel by swamping it with millions of Arabs, thereby turning the world’s only Jewish state into the world’s 23rd Arab state. And he has repeatedly declared, as recently as last week in New York: “We shall not recognize a Jewish state.”
Nor is this new. It is perfectly consistent with the long history of Palestinian rejectionism. Consider:
●Camp David, 2000. At a U.S.-sponsored summit, Prime Minister Ehud Barak offers Yasser Arafat a Palestinian state on the West Bank and Gaza — and, astonishingly, the previously inconceivable division of Jerusalem. Arafat refuses. And makes no counteroffer, thereby demonstrating his unseriousness about making any deal. Instead, within two months, he launches a savage terror war that kills a thousand Israelis.
●Taba, 2001. An even sweeter deal — the Clinton Parameters — is offered. Arafat walks away again.
●Israel, 2008. Prime Minister Ehud Olmert makes the ultimate capitulation to Palestinian demands — 100 percent of the West Bank (with land swaps), Palestinian statehood, the division of Jerusalem with the Muslim parts becoming the capital of the new Palestine. And incredibly, he offers to turn over the city’s holy places, including the Western Wall — Judaism’s most sacred site, its Kaaba — to an international body on which sit Jordan and Saudi Arabia.
Did Abbas accept? Of course not. If he had, the conflict would be over and Palestine would already be a member of the United Nations.
This is not ancient history. All three peace talks occurred over the past decade. And every one completely contradicts the current mindless narrative of Israeli “intransigence” as the obstacle to peace.
Settlements? Every settlement remaining within the new Palestine would be destroyed and emptied, precisely as happened in Gaza.
So why did the Palestinians say no? Because saying yes would have required them to sign a final peace agreement that accepted a Jewish state on what they consider the Muslim patrimony.
The key word here is “final.” The Palestinians are quite prepared to sign interim agreements, like Oslo. Framework agreements, like Annapolis. Cease-fires, like the 1949 armistice. Anything but a final deal. Anything but a final peace. Anything but a treaty that ends the conflict once and for all — while leaving a Jewish state still standing.
After all, why did Abbas go to the United Nations last week? For nearly half a century, the United States has pursued a Middle East settlement on the basis of the formula of land for peace. Land for peace produced the Israel-Egypt peace of 1979 and the Israel-Jordan peace of 1994. Israel has offered the Palestinians land for peace three times since. And been refused every time.
Why? For exactly the same reason Abbas went to the United Nations last week: to get land without peace. Sovereignty with no reciprocal recognition of a Jewish state. Statehood without negotiations. An independent Palestine in a continued state of war with Israel.
Israel gave up land without peace in south Lebanon in 2000 and, in return, received war (the Lebanon war of 2006) and 50,000 Hezbollah missiles now targeted on the Israeli homeland. In 2005, Israel gave up land without peace in Gaza, and again was rewarded with war — and constant rocket attack from an openly genocidal Palestinian mini-state.
Israel is prepared to give up land, but never again without peace. A final peace. Which is exactly what every Palestinian leader from Haj Amin al-Husseini to Yasser Arafat to Mahmoud Abbas has refused to accept. Which is why, regardless of who is governing Israel, there has never been peace. Territorial disputes are solvable; existential conflicts are not.
Land for peace, yes. Land without peace is nothing but an invitation to national suicide.
[email protected]
More from PostOpinions:
Meyerson: Senate finally stands up to China
Gerson: How Europe threatens the U.S.
Editorial: Bahrain’s repression |||||
A: | Much of the world swooned over Palestinian leader Mahmoud Abbas' bid for statehood at the UN because it buys into the misconception that Israel is stubbornly standing in the way of peace, writes Charles Krauthammer in the Washington Post. Far from it. The Palestinians have rejected three land-for-peace offers over the last decade, he writes. Why? Because all three deals called for a "final peace agreement that accepted a Jewish state," and that will never happen. "The key word here is 'final,'" he writes. Palestinians want "anything but a treaty that ends the conflict once and for all—while leaving a Jewish state still standing." That's why Abbas went to the UN: "to get land without peace," writes Krauthammer. He wants an independent Palestine and with it an unending war. After all, "territorial disputes are solvable; existential conflicts are not." |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a text of many news articles seperated by special token "|||||". Your task is to summarize them.
Problem:General Funeral Service Facts
Median Cost of an Adult Funeral
Rates of Cremation and Burial
Data Sources
Members of the Media: If you have questions about the statistics below, would like additional information or data, or would like to interview an expert, please contact NFDA's Public Relations team.
General Funeral Service Facts
According to the National Directory of Morticians Redbook, the number of funeral homes in the U.S. is:
2015: 19,391
2014: 19,486
2013: 19,624
2012: 19,680
2011: 19,841
2010: 19,902
2009: 20,557
2008: 20,915
2007: 21,080
2006: 21,088
2005: 21,495
2004: 21,528
Approximately 86% of funeral homes in the United States are privately owned by families or individuals. The remaining 14% are owned by publicly-traded corporations. (Service Corporation International (SCI) owns approximately 12% and Carriage Services Inc. and StoneMor Partners own approximately 1% each.)2
98% of NFDA-member funeral homes are owned by individuals, families, or closely held private corporations.
The average NFDA-member funeral home handles 113 calls per year and has three full-time and four part-time employees.3
NFDA-member Firm Caseload (i.e., number of decedents cared for)3
58.4% of NFDA members handled 150 cases or less; 24.5% reported 151-350 cases; 8.6% reported 351-500 cases; 5.2% reported 501-1000; 3.3% reported 1001 or more.
1997 2002 2007 2012 Revenue1
($ Millions) Cemeteries and
Crematories $2,988 $3,231 $3,350 $3,319 Funeral Homes and
Funeral Services $9,633 $11,049 $11,943 $13,004 TOTAL $12,621 $14,280 $15,293 $16,323 Employment1 Cemeteries and
Crematories 59,458 41,932 35,035 32,617 Funeral Homes and
Funeral Services 105,365 106,263 102,978 108,385 TOTAL 164,823 148,195 138,013 141,002
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Median Cost of an Adult Funeral4
Funeral Professionals: Contact our member services department (800-228-6332) to purchase a copy of the report from the 2015 General Price List Survey; the report can also be purchased online.
Contact our member services department (800-228-6332) to purchase a copy of the report from the 2015 General Price List Survey; the report can also be purchased online. Members of the Media: Please contact NFDA for a regional breakdown of the cost of a funeral with burial and funeral with cremation and further information about the 2015 General Price List Survey.
Median Cost of a Funeral With Burial
Since the 1960s, NFDA has calculated the median cost of a funeral with burial by totaling the costs of the following items: basic services fee, removal/transfer of remains to funeral home, embalming and other preparation of the body (casketing, cosmetology, dressing and grooming), a metal casket, use of facilities and staff for viewing and a funeral ceremony, use of a hearse, use of a service car/van, and a basic memorial printed package (e.g., memorial cards, register book, etc.).
The national median cost of a funeral for calendar year 2014 was $7,181. If a vault is included, something that is typically required by a cemetery, the median cost is $8,508. The cost does not take into account cemetery, monument or marker costs or miscellaneous cash-advance charges, such as for flowers or an obituary.
Over the past decade, the median cost of an adult funeral in the United States has increased 28.6 percent. This is similar to the 2000-2009 period when the median cost of a funeral increased by 26.6 percent. The percent increase during the 1980s (1980-1989) was significantly higher (87 percent), reflecting the significantly higher inflation rates during that decade.
National Median Cost of an Adult Funeral with Viewing and Burial: 2004 vs. 2014 Item 2014* 2004* % Change Nondeclinable basic services fee $2,000 $1,460 37.0% Removal/transfer of remains to funeral home $310 $195 59.0% Embalming $695 $498 39.6% Other preparation of the body $250 $174 42.9% Use of facilities/staff for viewing $420 $339 23.9% Use of facilities/staff for funeral ceremony $495 $395 25.3% Hearse $318 $225 41.1% Service car/van $143 $100 42.5% Basic memorial printed package $155 $95 63.2% Metal casket $2,395 $2,100 14.0% Median Cost of a Funeral With Viewing and Burial
$7,181 $5,582 28.6% Vault $1,327 $998 33.0% Total with vault $8,508 $6,580 29.3% 2004 prices have not been adjusted for inflation. * Median Price – The amount at which half of the figures fall below and half are above.
National Median Cost of a Funeral With Cremation
The national median cost of a cremation in 2014 was $6,078. NFDA calculated the median cost of a cost of an adult funeral with cremation by totaling the costs of the following items: basic services fee, removal/transfer of remains to funeral home, embalming and other preparation of the body, use of facilities and staff for viewing and a funeral ceremony, use of a service car/van, basic memorial printed package, cremation fee, cremation casket and urn. The cost does not take into account vault, cemetery monument/marker costs or other miscellaneous cash advance charges.
National Median Cost of an Adult Funeral with Viewing and Cremation Item 2014* Nondeclinable basic services fee $2,000 Removal/transfer of remains to funeral home $310 Embalming $695 Other preparation of the body $250 Use of facilities/staff for viewing $420 Use of facilities/staff for funeral ceremony $495 Service car/van $143 Basic memorial printed package $155 Cremation fee (if firm uses a third-party)** $330 Cremation casket $1,000 Urn $280 Median Cost of a Funeral with Viewing and Cremation $6,078 * Median Price – The amount at which half of the figures fall below and half are above. **65% of respondents use a third-party crematory (i.e., the funeral home does not own a crematory)
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Rates of Cremation and Burial5
Cremation was the method of disposition for 45.4 in 2013; 48.7% of people were buried in 2013.
NFDA Members: You may download a copy of the 2015 Cremation and Burial Report at no cost (login required).
You may download a copy of the 2015 Cremation and Burial Report at no cost (login required). Members of the Media: Please contact NFDA for a state-by-state breakdown of the rates of cremation and burial and further information about the 2015 NFDA Cremation and Burial Report.
Historic Rates of Cremation and Burial and Future Projections:
2005 final 2010 final
2013 final
2014 projected
2015 projected
2020 projected
2030 projected
Cremation
32.3% 40.4% 45.4% 46.7% 48.5% 56.2% 71.0% Burial
61.4% 53.3% 48.7% 47.3% 45.6% 37.9% 23.2%
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All data published on this page is based on the latest available government, industry, and research reports; data is updated as new information becomes available. The data on this page was last updated on July 30, 2015.
Sources: ||||| This is a mobile-friendly version of the map. For the full interactive, which animates and allows you to select different years, visit this page on a larger platform. Cremations per year as a percentage of deaths ► — Click to select year Interactive by Andrew Kahn and Chris Kirk
A half-century ago, nearly everyone who died in the U.S. was buried. Only about 4 percent were cremated. Now, we cremate half our dead. The map above shows cremation rates by state and animates over the past 15 years; during that relatively brief timespan in several states—particularly in the South and Midwest—cremation rates have doubled. Why the shift?
Money is the biggest reason. “The vast majority of people are looking at value,” says Barbara Kemmis, executive director of the Cremation Association of North America. The average cremation with a memorial service is $3,250 while the average funeral is $7,045, according to the National Funeral Directors Association. As the map shows, cremation tends to be more popular in coastal and mountain regions, where land for gravesites is more expensive. Kemmis notes that there seems to be an increase in so-called direct cremation, the cheapest means of disposal, in which you skip the memorial service altogether.
Another influence on cremation-vs.-burial rates is the fact that families are more dispersed than in the past, making it harder to visit gravesites, Kemmis says. Unsurprisingly, cremation rates are highest in places full of newcomers (such as California) and retirees (Florida, Nevada). Meanwhile, spiritual views of the body and soul have also changed. Christians historically believed that the body should be preserved whole in the hopes of reunification with the soul at the end of days, says Stephen Prothero, author of Purified by Fire: A History of Cremation in America. But the ’60s ushered in a wave of New Age notions that reflected a new view of the body as subordinate to the soul, like reincarnation, karma, and transcendence. Cremation acquired a “countercultural cachet”—it was giving the “middle finger to God,” according to Prothero. (The Catholic Church eased its restrictions on cremation in 1963 but still looks down on it.) As the counterculture has gone mainstream, so has cremation. As the map shows, states tend to gather momentum on cremation rates fairly quickly. Kemmis calls this the “new tradition” effect: Once the first family member is cremated, the taboo is broken and other family members follow suit. |||||
Solution: | If you live in Nevada and plan to die there, you'll be in good company should you opt for cremation. According to a cool interactive map created by Slate, 74% of the state's dead were cremated in 2013. That from a country that, as Slate observes, cremated only 4% of the dead five decades ago; the national average is now just under 50%, though the National Funeral Directors Association projects that'll climb to 70.6% by 2030. Credit money (cremation is far cheaper than a traditional funeral), changing habitation patterns (families don't live as close as they once did, meaning gravesites can be tougher to get to), and the fact that cremation is greener for the shift. The six states that, as of 2013, cremated 70% of the dead: Nevada: 74% Washington state: 74% Oregon: 73% Hawaii: 72% New Hampshire: 71% Maine: 70% The lowest cremation state, at just 18%, also happens to be our most religious. Check out your state on Slate's map. |
Definition: In this task, you are given a question and a context passage. You have to answer the question based on the given passage.
Input: How does the scientists work compare to other famous works?, Context: The biologist Lynn Margulis, famous for her work on endosymbiosis, contends that symbiosis is a major driving force behind evolution. She considers Darwin's notion of evolution, driven by competition, to be incomplete and claims that evolution is strongly based on co-operation, interaction, and mutual dependence among organisms. According to Margulis and Dorion Sagan, "Life did not take over the globe by combat, but by networking."
Output: | symbiosis is a major driving force behind evolution |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a text of many news articles seperated by special token "|||||". Your task is to summarize them.
Q: It would be foolish not to include Amazon on the list of potentially huge players in the tablet industry.
While the company is still only selling simple Kindle e-readers, Amazon has quietly built all the tools it needs to compete against Apple and the other tablet makers with its own Android-based tablets.
Let's review:
Amazon just launched its Android app store today. It could easily end up better than Google's built-in Android Market. Why? Because Amazon cares about building a better storefront than Google. And because Amazon has better e-commerce tools and vision than just about anyone.
Amazon's music store and video streaming service are as close to Apple's iTunes as it gets. That's one of the big problems with the Motorola Xoom, for example -- nice, big screen, but no legit source of movies to stream. Amazon tablets would have an answer.
Amazon Prime members can stream unlimited movies and TV episodes from a small (but inevitably growing) library of content. That sounds like a great bonus feature for Amazon tablets.
Amazon has a massive distribution vehicle... in Amazon.com. This could allow it to sell tablets at lower prices because it doesn't have to factor in a middle man.
When we surveyed Business Insider readers about where they would go to buy a tablet, some 17% picked Amazon -- more than Best Buy. Amazon also has a growing field of Kindle retail partners, to complement web sales. We were surprised to see a Kindle display at Staples last night, but, yes, they sell the Kindle.
Amazon builds good hardware. The new Kindle is no iPad, but it's definitely the best at what it's trying to be -- an e-reader. It's slim, lightweight, and attractive. And Amazon has sold more Kindles over the last several years than most companies have sold of any tablet-shaped devices.
Amazon is ambitious and sees ahead of slower competitors. It was way ahead of the field with Amazon Web Services. We could see it making similarly smart, forward-thinking bets. The tablet market is far from figured out long-term.
Amazon is already trying to hire more Android people. As Nick Bilton noticed at the New York Times, Amazon's Lab 126 division -- which makes the Kindle -- recently added at least five new jobs for developers with Android experience.
We wouldn't be surprised if Amazon did something interesting in mobile advertising, either -- another marketplace in which to disrupt the incumbents like Google.
Apple is clearly scared of Amazon. Why else would it sue over the term "app store?"
So, where would Amazon fit into the market? Probably not at the high end -- it would be almost impossible to beat Apple in hardware or software quality, so Amazon probably won't try.
But if it can design decent hardware, there's no reason Amazon couldn't compete with the likes of Motorola, HTC, and Samsung in the mid-level Android tablet market.
Especially if it could offer better built-in entertainment services, a better built-in app store, and lower pricing.
Related: How Amazon Saved The Kindle
Get the latest Google stock price here. ||||| Amazon is making a 9 inch iPad clone and will start selling it in the third quarter of this year, WSJ reporters say on Twitter.
The full story is here.
In May, Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos told Consumer Reports to "stay tuned" for just such an announcement.
We're pretty sure Amazon will be a big player in the tablets market.
Dan Frommer explained why, in March:
While the company is still only selling simple Kindle e-readers, Amazon has quietly built all the tools it needs to compete against Apple and the other tablet makers with its own Android-based tablets.
Let's review:
Amazon just launched its Android app store today. It could easily end up better than Google's built-in Android Market. Why? Because Amazon cares about building a better storefront than Google. And because Amazon has better e-commerce tools and vision than just about anyone.
Amazon's music store and video streaming service are as close to Apple's iTunes as it gets. That's one of the big problems with the Motorola Xoom, for example -- nice, big screen, but no legit source of movies to stream. Amazon tablets would have an answer.
Amazon Prime members can stream unlimited movies and TV episodes from a small (but inevitably growing) library of content. That sounds like a great bonus feature for Amazon tablets.
Amazon has a massive distribution vehicle... in Amazon.com. This could allow it to sell tablets at lower prices because it doesn't have to factor in a middle man.
When we surveyed Business Insider readers about where they would go to buy a tablet, some 17% picked Amazon -- more than Best Buy. Amazon also has a growing field of Kindle retail partners, to complement web sales. We were surprised to see a Kindle display at Staples last night, but, yes, they sell the Kindle.
Amazon builds good hardware. The new Kindle is no iPad, but it's definitely the best at what it's trying to be -- an e-reader. It's slim, lightweight, and attractive. And Amazon has sold more Kindles over the last several years than most companies have sold of any tablet-shaped devices.
Amazon is ambitious and sees ahead of slower competitors. It was way ahead of the field with Amazon Web Services. We could see it making similarly smart, forward-thinking bets. The tablet market is far from figured out long-term.
Amazon is already trying to hire more Android people. As Nick Bilton noticed at the New York Times, Amazon's Lab 126 division -- which makes the Kindle -- recently added at least five new jobs for developers with Android experience.
We wouldn't be surprised if Amazon did something interesting in mobile advertising, either -- another marketplace in which to disrupt the incumbents like Google.
Apple is clearly scared of Amazon. Why else would it sue over the term "app store?"
So, where would Amazon fit into the market? Probably not at the high end -- it would be almost impossible to beat Apple in hardware or software quality, so Amazon probably won't try.
But if it can design decent hardware, there's no reason Amazon couldn't compete with the likes of Motorola, HTC, and Samsung in the mid-level Android tablet market.
Especially if it could offer better built-in entertainment services, a better built-in app store, and lower pricing.
Disclosure: Jeff Bezos is an investor in Business Insider through his personal investment company Bezos Expeditions. ||||| The Kindle isn't the only special plastic rectangle Amazon wants you to buy: the WSJ claims the book-and-deodorant-and-virtually-everything seller is readying its Android tablet by October. And that's besides the long-gestating touch Kindle.
The proper tablet'll be a nine-incher, forego a camera, and plug straight into Amazon's media bank. But, the Amazondroid (keeping my fingers crossed for that name) won't supplant any of the Kindle's shine—at least not according to Amazon's plan. In fact, two new Kindles are on their way, according to the same Journal report. One will add a touchscreen, with the second being "an improved and cheaper adaptation of the current Kindle." They'll both still be black-and-white E-ink.
This news isn't wholly surprising—we've had a pretty good idea for a while what an Amazon tablet would be like, that it would directly tap into Amazon's steadily expanding streaming and downloadable media offerings—perhaps with a freshly valuable all-you-can-eat Prime membership. But now we know how big it'll be. And that "roughly nine-inch screen" says a lot. It's not looking to simply be a better Nook Color, but a real tablet fighting the iPad and every other major slate thing out there. And maybe, just maybe, that fat, direct line to everything Amazon's got to offer will give us a reason to turn our heads away from iOS and iTunes. [WSJ] ||||| Amazon.com Inc. has battled Apple Inc. over digital books, digital music and mobile applications. Now the two companies are taking their clash to another front: the tablet market.
Amazon plans to release a tablet computer by October, people familiar with the matter said, intensifying its rivalry with Apple's iPad.
Amazon will launch a tablet by October, intensifying the rivalry with Apple and its iPad. WSJ reporter Stu Woo gives Lauren Rudser the details we know so far. Image courtesy of Getty Images.
While Amazon has long offered digital content on its website, it has lacked much of the hardware to go with it. Now the Seattle company hopes customers will use its tablet to buy and rent that content, said people familiar with its thinking.
An Amazon spokesman didn't respond to requests for comment.
Amazon's looming entry into the tablet market, which Chief Executive Jeff Bezos has hinted at in his appearances this year, is the latest example of how technology companies, once focused on a particular segment of the industry, are increasingly jostling one another on multiple fronts.
That trend is evident in the enterprise-technology arena, where onetime partners such as Hewlett-Packard Co. and Oracle Corp. became enemies in markets including server computers, and it is now becoming evident in consumer technology.
In recent years, Apple, Amazon and Google Inc. have found themselves competing in areas such as the mobile software market and digital content. The overlap stems from a race to tap into the young and growing field of selling digital goods, such as video, music and books, which are potentially vast markets as more consumers turn to downloads.
Apple and Amazon have already had some bitter clashes. In March, Apple sued Amazon alleging the online retailer had violated the trademark on the name "App Store." Apple Chief Executive Steve Jobs also has poked fun at Amazon's Kindle electronic-book reader, saying that few people read and that general-purpose devices like the iPad are superior to single-purpose ones.
"Amazon and Apple are frenemies"—both friends and enemies—said Sarah Rotman Epps, a Forrester Research analyst. They "rely on each other as partners"—Amazon, for example, sells digital books via its Kindle app in Apple's iTunes Store—but "at the same time, they aggressively compete for customers' attention and dollars," she said.
Amazon faces a tough road against Apple in the tablet market. Since introducing the iPad last year, Apple had sold 19.5 million of the devices as of the end of March. It is far and away the leader in the tablet market.
The iPad has been bolstered by its connection to Apple's App Store, which sells videogames and other software, and Apple's iTunes store, where people can easily download music, videos and books.
Apple officials didn't respond to a request for comment.
Amazon's tablet will have a roughly nine-inch screen and will run on Google's Android platform, said people familiar with the device. Unlike the iPad, it won't have a camera, one of these people said. While the pricing and distribution of the device is unclear, the online retailer won't design the initial tablet itself. It also is outsourcing production to an Asian manufacturer, the people said.
One of the people said the company is working on another model, of its own design, that could be released next year.
The introduction of a tablet poses a conundrum for Amazon on how to keep from cannibalizing sales of its popular Kindle. Amazon has long said the Kindle is its best-selling device, though it has declined to disclose sales.
A person familiar with Amazon's thinking said it still figuring out how to market the tablet computer. One issue is whether customers will want to buy both the tablet and Kindle, which is viewed as a dedicated-reading device for bookworms.
But Amazon will be facing competitors other than Apple. Sony Corp. on Wednesday unveiled prototypes of a tablet and a wallet-shaped dual-screen portable device that will offer movies, apps, music, books and PlayStation games. Sony said the devices would be available later this year.
Amazon plans to introduce two updated versions of its black-and-white Kindle in this year's third quarter, people familiar with the matter said. One of the new Kindles will have a touch screen, which current models don't have.
Amazon is better-positioned than other companies to go up against Apple, said Ms. Epps, the Forrester analyst. Part of the reason is because Amazon already has a digital-content store with a significant selection and following. Amazon has heavily promoted its digital offerings this year. It launched a streaming video service in February. And in May, it undercut Apple's iTunes store by selling an album by pop singer Lady Gaga for 99 cents.
Amazon is also in a position to offer a cheaper alternative to the iPad, said Ms. Epps. It could sell the tablet for a loss while hoping to make money on sales of movies, music and books.
Customers are "looking for a cheaper alternative, and they're looking for a compelling experience, in terms of both content and shopping," which Amazon can offer, Ms. Epps said.
Nonetheless, she noted that unlike Apple, which has its own retail stores, Amazon lacks a natural brick-and-mortar outlet to sell its products. In addition, Amazon's product may be less refined than the iPad, which is in its second generation.
"I don't know whether Amazon will be able to compete with Apple head-to-head on hardware sophistication," she said.
—Amir Efrati contributed to this article.
Write to Stu Woo at [email protected] and Yukari Iwatani Kane at [email protected] |||||
A: | Amazon will have a tablet computer of its own out by October to compete with the iPad, reports the Wall Street Journal. Insiders say the Android device will have a 9-inch screen but no camera. Amazon also plans two Kindle updates: One version will have a touch-screen and the other will be an improved (and cheaper) version of the current model. Some quick reaction: Sam Biddle, Gizmodo: Not a huge surprise, but the 9-inch screen "says a lot," he writes. "It's not looking to simply be a better Nook Color, but a real tablet fighting the iPad and every other major slate thing out there." Click for the full column. Nicholas Carlson, Fast Company: "We're pretty sure Amazon will be a big player in the tablets market," he writes, referencing this earlier story. |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you are given a text of many news articles seperated by special token "|||||". Your task is to summarize them.
PLATTSBURGH, N.Y. -- A former New York prison worker who helped two murderers escape from a maximum-security lockup has been sentenced to between 2 1/3 and seven years behind bars.
Fifty-one-year-old Joyce Mitchell wiped away tears and apologized before her sentencing Monday, which she agreed to in July as part of plea deal with prosecutors. She pleaded guilty to charges related to providing tools to Richard Matt and David Sweat, who broke out of the Clinton Correctional Facility June 6.
"If I could take it all back I would," Mitchell said. "I can't begin to explain how sorry I am for all this."
During Mitchell's statement she claimed that Matt threatened to kill her husband if she didn't help him and Sweat escape.
"Why I did what I did I don't know, other than that I was scared for my husband," Mitchell said, before asking Judge Mark Rogers to let her "wear an ankle bracelet for the rest of my life," instead of sending her to prison.
But Rogers appeared unswayed by Mitchell's statement. He said before sentencing that if Mitchell wanted to protect her husband, she should have turned Sweat and Matt in when she learned of their escape plan.
"Ms. Mitchell I just don't find that explanation credible, your husband's life just would not have been in more danger," Rogers said.
He also noted that New York State officials estimate the cost of the search for Sweat and Matt -- who eluded more than 1,000 searchers in northern New York for weeks -- at $23 million.
"But staggering as the economic costs to New York State may be, the economic and non-economic cost suffered by so many people is incalculable. A large portion of the population was terrorized, " Rogers said, adding that law enforcement "traversed deeply inhospitable territory, never knowing if the next step they took would be their last."
Matt was killed by a border agent June 26. Sweat was wounded and captured by a trooper two days later.
Mitchell admitted becoming close with the pair, and she agreed to be their getaway driver before backing out.
Prosecutors also requested that Mitchell pay more than $200,000 in restitution to the State of New York. A hearing on that request is scheduled for November. ||||| The former New York state prison worker who helped two murderers escape from a maximum-security lockup has been sentenced to up to seven years in prison. (Published Monday, Sept. 28, 2015)
A remorseful, tearful former prison worker who helped two convicted murderers escape from a maximum-security lockup by providing them with tools was sentenced Monday to up to seven years behind bars.
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Joyce Mitchell, 51, wept and apologized as she was sentenced to 2 1/3 to seven years in prison under terms of a plea deal reached with prosecutors this summer. The judge also set a November hearing on the state's claim for about $120,000 in restitution from Mitchell.
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Mitchell entered the courtroom in tears and continued to cry through most of the 35-minute sentencing, and even removed her glasses to wipe her eyes.
She apologized to the community, her former co-workers and the law enforcement officers for the weeks of fear, disruption and inconvenience the search caused.
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"If I could take it all back, I would," she told the judge. "I never intended for any of this to happen."
Mitchell, 51, had pleaded guilty to charges related to providing hacksaw blades and other tools to Richard Matt and David Sweat, who broke out of the Clinton Correctional Facility on June 6.
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Matt was serving 25 years to life for the killing and dismembering of his former boss. Sweat was serving a sentence of life without parole for killing a sheriff's deputy in Broome County in 2002.
The pair eluded more than 1,000 searchers who combed the thick woods and bogs of northern New York for much of the next three weeks. Matt was killed by a border agent June 26. Sweat was wounded and captured by a state trooper two days later.
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Mitchell admitted becoming close with the pair while she worked as an instructor in the prison tailor shop. She told investigators she agreed to be their getaway driver before backing out after suffering a panic attack at the last minute. The escapees were forced to scrub plans to head to Mexico and instead fled on foot after emerging from a manhole near the prison.
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Clinton County Court Judge Kevin Ryan told Mitchell she "did terrible things" when she helped the inmates and noted how the resulting search disrupted life in a wide swath of the region for three weeks.
"A large portion of the local population were terrorized," he said. "Many were forced to flee their homes."
Mitchell said she didn't tell anyone about the inmates' escape plan because Matt had threatened to harm her family, particularly her husband, Lyle, who also worked in the prison.
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"I was fearful of Mr. Matt threatening to kill my husband and wanting to know where my son and mother live," she told the judge.
But the judge rebuffed her claim that she was protecting her family by not divulging the escape plot to authorities.
"I just don't find that explanation credible," Ryan said.
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Officials said the convicts used tools to cut their way out of their adjacent cells and get into the catwalk between the cell block walls. They crawled through an underground steam pipe and reached a street near the prison walls through a manhole.
Sweat, who is being housed in a solitary cell at a central New York prison, faces charges in the escape.
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A prison guard, Gene Palmer, who authorities have said unwittingly abetted the escape plot, has pleaded not guilty to a charge of promoting prison contraband. Officials said he gave the two prisoners frozen hamburger meat Mitchell used to hide the hacksaw blades she smuggled to Sweat and Matt.
Copyright Associated Press ||||| Former New York prison employee Joyce Mitchell cried at her sentencing today, telling the judge, "If I could take it all back I would."
Interested in ? Add as an interest to stay up to date on the latest news, video, and analysis from ABC News. Add Interest
"I can't begin to explain how sorry I am for all this," she added.
Her sentencing came exactly two months after she pleaded guilty to helping two convicted murderers escape from a maximum-security prison.
Mitchell pleaded guilty in July to first-degree promoting prison contraband and fourth-degree criminal facilitation. Today, on the prison contraband charge, she was sentenced to an indeterminate period of incarceration from 2 1/3 years to 7 years. For the criminal facilitation charge, she was sentenced to 1 year concurrent to the prison contraband sentence.
She was also fined $5,000 and $1,000 for each charge respectively.
Today, the judge described the impact the manhunt had on the community -- from the millions in overtime costs for police officers to the terrorized residents who were forced out of their homes.
Mitchell, 51, wiped away tears in court today before the sentencing was announced.
"Please allow me to start by saying how sorry I am. How much remorse I have," she said through tears.
ABCNews
"I am 51 years old. And this is by far the worst mistake I have ever made in my life. I live with regret every day and will for the rest of my life," Mitchell said.
Mitchell said she is seeking mental help and counseling. She said she acknowledges her actions and is still trying to understand why she made the choices she did.
District Attorney Andrew Wylie said today Mitchell has cooperated with the investigators and gave up her teaching certificate, as required by her plea deal. Wylie also said the state of New York is seeking restitution against Mitchell.
New York State Police
Mitchell's attorney, Stephen Johnston, said the prisoners used power tools to escape -- which Mitchell did not provide -- so they must have had some other assistance.
Mitchell who worked in the tailor shop at Clinton Correctional Facility in Dannemora, New York, was jailed shortly after prisoners Richard Matt and David Sweat escaped in June. She allegedly provided tools to Matt before the escape, authorities said, by concealing them in hamburger meat.
After a three-week manhunt for the prisoners in June, Matt was shot and killed by authorities near the town of Elephant's Head in upstate New York.
Sweat was later shot and apprehended by authorities near the town of Constable in upstate New York. |||||
Output: | Joyce Mitchell, the prison worker who helped two convicts escape an upstate New York correctional facility in June, wept during her sentencing Monday. "If I could take it all back I would," Mitchell said "in a choked voice," per NBC News. "I live with regret every day and will for the rest of my life." She also reiterated what she said in a two-part Today interview from September: that she had only helped David Sweat and Richard Matt because she feared they would kill her husband. She also asked to "wear an ankle bracelet for the rest of my life" rather than be incarcerated, per CBS News. But the presiding judge wasn't buying it. "I just don't find that explanation credible," he said before sentencing her to 2 1/3 to seven years on a contraband charge. (Mitchell avoided charges of sexual relations with the inmates and plotting to kill her husband by taking a July plea deal.) The judge rehashed all the trouble Mitchell caused, including the trauma of upstate residents whose lives were turned upside down by the manhunt, which he says was estimated to cost about $23 million, CBS notes. Mitchell acknowledged it all in her speech before the court. "I am 51 years old. And this is by far the worst mistake I have ever made in my life," she said, per ABC News, adding that she's seeking counseling. Prosecutors are also going after her to recoup the nearly $120,000 in damages that Sweat and Matt reportedly made to cell walls as they busted out; a November hearing has been set to address that issue, per NBC New York. One person who has, apparently, remained by Mitchell's side: her husband, Lyle. "My wife has a heart of gold," he told Today, per NBC. "That's her biggest downfall." |
Select from options: Continue writing the next sentence.
How to get rid of a sore throat
Gargle with warm salt water.
This is one of the oldest remedies for a sore throat, and it works like a charm. When your throat is sore, the mucous membranes are swollen and inflamed, causing the feeling of pain and scratchiness.
OPTIONS:
(a). Salt draws water from the mucous membrane cells, reducing swelling and helping your throat feel better. Make a saltwater rinse by mixing 1/2 teaspoon table salt with 1 cup of warm water..
(b). Dissolve one teaspoon of salt in warm water, gargle, then swish the water back and forth for 3 to 4 minutes. You can also use sodium bicarbonate tablets, which can eliminate colds or relieve pain..
(c). To gargle with salt water : Gently swish the salt water in your mouth. When the air is warm, this should ease pressure on the sore throat..
(d). Gargling with a combination of warm salt water and water is an effective way to remedy this. If you don't like swishing salt water, try a combo of either plain water or salt water instead..
Answer: | (a). |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. You will be given a passage, and your task is to generate a Yes/No question that is answerable based on the given passage.
Salt water chlorination is a process that uses dissolved salt (2,500--6,000 ppm) as a store for the chlorination system. The chlorine generator (also known as salt cell, salt generator, salt chlorinator or SWG) uses electrolysis in the presence of dissolved salt (NaCl) to produce hypochlorous acid (HClO) and sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), which are the sanitizing agents already commonly used in swimming pools. As such, a saltwater pool is not actually chlorine-free; it simply utilizes added salt and a chlorine generator instead of direct addition of chlorine.
| can you use chlorine in a saltwater pool? |
Teacher: In this task, we ask you to elaborate the sentence without changing its general meaning. You can do so by explaining further the input sentence, using more precise wording, adding qualifiers and auxiliary information etc.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example:
The Inheritance Cycle is a series of fantasy books written by Christopher Paolini.
Solution: The Inheritance Cycle is a tetralogy of young adult high fantasy novels written by American author Christopher Paolini.
Reason: The output sentence elaborates on the input sentence without changing its general meaning e.g. "tetralogy of young adult high fantasy novels".
Now, solve this instance: The Japanese Wikipedia is the Japanese-language edition of Wikipedia .
Student: | The Japanese Wikipedia ( Wikipedia Nihongo-ban , literally " " Wikipedia : Japanese-language version " " ) is the Japanese-language edition of Wikipedia , a free , open-content encyclopedia . |
Problem: How does the next paragraph end?
How to extend battery life in ios 9
Identify apps that are battery hogs.
Open the settings app then locate the battery app, which is just below " touch id & passcode. " open the battery app to view detailed information about your battery.
A: View the battery usage heading to see a list of the apps you use. A percentage value is listed to the right of each app, denoting the proportion of battery each app used.
Problem: How does the next paragraph end?
How to make vegan ceviche
Finely chop the cauliflower.
It's the substitute for tilapia or seafood.
Place the chopped cauliflower into a steamer and steam for about 20 minutes until it is soft.
A: Drain any liquid from the steamed cauliflower and put into a medium bowl. Pour 1 cup of lime juice over the cauliflower.
Problem: How does the next paragraph end?
A large track is shown followed by people keeping score and athletes running down a track. several people
A: are seen running down the track into a sand pit while others watch on the sides.
Problem: How does the next paragraph end?
How to use veet
Apply a small drop of cream to the area you wish to treat.
Wait 24 hours to see if there are any adverse skin reactions.
If you suffer from a skin-related disorder or take medication that can affect your skin, consult a doctor before using this cream.
A: | If your skin shows no irritation, continue using the cream. Do not use the cream if the cream itself is not all the same color, or if the tube it comes in is damaged. |
In this task, you will be presented with a context passage, a question about that paragraph, and a possible answer to that question. The task is to check the validity of the answer. Answer with "Yes" or "No".
Paris, France (CNN) -- Hundreds of French workers, angry about proposed layoffs at a Caterpillar factory, were holding executives of the company hostage Tuesday, a spokesman for the workers said. Caterpillar's French staff say they are angry about a lack of negotiations over layoffs. It is at least the third time this month that French workers threatened with cutbacks have blockaded managers in their offices to demand negotiations. Executives were released unharmed in both previous situations. The latest incident started Tuesday morning at the office of the construction equipment company in the southeastern city of Grenoble. The workers were angry that Caterpillar had proposed cutting more than 700 jobs and would not negotiate, said Nicolas Benoit, a spokesman for the workers' union. They did not want to harm the Caterpillar executives, Benoit told CNN. One hostage was released Tuesday evening leaving workers with four captives inside the Caterpillar building. The released man was a human resources director identified only as Mr. Petit, because he has heart problems, union representative Bernard Patrick told CNN. Petit had a heart attack a few weeks ago, Patrick said. The four others still being held are Nicolas Polutnik, the head of operations; two other executives; and Petit's personal assistant, he said. About 500 employees were also outside the building protesting. <sep>Have any executives from the Caterpillar factory been hurt by the workers so far?<sep>Yes
No
Historically, LSEO letter-writing campaigns generated from $11,000 to $25,000 annually, recalls Dallas Ferguson, a Tulsa attorney and board president of the new LASO. That amount hardly offset enormous cuts, beginning in 1996, by Congress to Legal Services Corp., the chief funding source for state legal-aid agencies. Threatened with extinction, LSEO clawed its way back with the help of state funding, grant money and the Tulsa Area United Way. Meanwhile, the clients keep coming. At least three-quarters are women and children living in poverty. The agency helps more than 12,000 children a year. A third of LSEO's clients are the working poor who receive no government benefits. Many are senior citizens. Riggs regrets that retired Tulsa attorney John Athens, a champion of legal aid, did not live to see how much the money has meant. Athens died last year. In his honor, The Oxley Foundation donated $200,000 to expand a client hot line. That service, which will be expanded statewide, enables needy people to consult an attorney about civil legal problems, including rent and contract disputes, domestic abuse, consumer issues and custody matters. Attorneys handle no criminal cases. R.H. Harbaugh, foundation trustee and a colleague of Athens at the Conner & Winters law firm, said his mentor had "a special interest in people who could not afford legal services. He was aware of the hot line and supported its expansion." Said Riggs: "We use lofty phrases such as 'with justice for all,' when we talk about our legal system. That phrase is etched on our U.S. Supreme Court building. Those are just empty words if people don't have access to that system." <sep>The Oxley Foundation donated $200,000 to expand a client hot line in whose honor?<sep>Riggs
No
The Glory of Melaka: In the early days, if you were not a pirate or a mosquito, Melaka was not much of a place to live. The land was infertile, just a swampy plain, the river small and sluggish. But it had a sheltered harbor, protected from the monsoons by neighboring Sumatra. Later, the strategic location and deep-water channel close to the coast brought in the bigger vessels of the trade-wind traffic crossing the Indian Ocean. The first to realize the larger commercial potential, as so often throughout the country's subsequent history, were the Chinese. In 1409, under a new directive from Emperor Chu Ti to pursue trade in the South Seas and the Indian Ocean, a Chinese fleet of 50 ships headed by Admiral Cheng Ho called in at Melaka. They made Parameswara an offer he could not refuse: port facilities and an annual financial tribute in exchange for Chinese protection against the marauding Thais. In 1411, Parameswara took the money to Beijing himself, and the emperor gratefully made him a vassal king. Twenty years later, the Chinese withdrew again from the South Seas trade. The new ruler of Melaka, Sri Maharajah, switched his allegiance to the Muslim trading fraternity by marrying into the Muslim faith, wedding the daughter of a sultan in Sumatra. Islam won its place in Malaya not by conquest — as had been the case in North Africa and Europe — but by trade, dynastic alliances, and peaceful preaching. Bengali peddlers had already brought the faith to the east coast. In Melaka and throughout the peninsula, Islam thrived as a strong, male-dominated religion of individuality, offering dynamic leadership and preaching brotherhood and self-reliance — all qualities ideally suited to the coastal trade. At the same time, Sufi mystics synthesized Islamic teaching with local Malay traditions of animistic magic and charisma, though Islam did not become the state religion until Muzaffar Shah became sultan of Melaka (1446–1459). But the key figure in the sultanate was Tun Perak, bendahara (prime minister) and military commander. He expanded Melaka's power along the west coast and down to Singapore and the neighboring Bintan islands. He also had orang laut pirates patrolling the seas to extort tribute from passing ships. After Ailied district chiefs had repelled assaults from Thai-controlled armies from Pahang, Tun Perak personally led a famous victory over a Thai fleet off Batu Pahat in 1456. <sep>Why might you might not have wanted to live in Melaka in the early days?<sep>The plain was just a swampy one
| Yes
|
In this task, you will be presented with a context passage, a question about that paragraph, and a possible answer to that question. The task is to check the validity of the answer. Answer with "Yes" or "No".
[Q]: During this time, Alexander adopted some elements of Persian dress and customs at his court, notably the custom of proskynesis, either a symbolic kissing of the hand, or prostration on the ground, that Persians showed to their social superiors. The Greeks regarded the gesture as the province of deities and believed that Alexander meant to deify himself by requiring it. This cost him the sympathies of many of his countrymen, and he eventually abandoned it. A plot against his life was revealed, and one of his officers, Philotas, was executed for failing to alert Alexander. The death of the son necessitated the death of the father, and thus Parmenion, who had been charged with guarding the treasury at Ecbatana, was assassinated at Alexander's command, to prevent attempts at vengeance. Most infamously, Alexander personally killed the man who had saved his life at Granicus, Cleitus the Black, during a violent drunken altercation at Maracanda (modern day Samarkand in Uzbekistan), in which Cleitus accused Alexander of several judgemental mistakes and most especially, of having forgotten the Macedonian ways in favour of a corrupt oriental lifestyle. Later, in the Central Asian campaign, a second plot against his life was revealed, this one instigated by his own royal pages. His official historian, Callisthenes of Olynthus, was implicated in the plot; however, historians have yet to reach a consensus regarding this involvement. Callisthenes had fallen out of favor by leading the opposition to the attempt to introduce proskynesis. <sep>What are the details of the second plot on Alexander's life in the Central Asian campaign?<sep>Instigated by his own royal pages
[A]: Yes
[Q]: An archaeological party explore some caverns underground . Dr. Campbell and Dr. Hughes are the two leaders of the archaeological expedition , and get separated . While Dr. Hughes finds an alien corpse with a fossilized diamond , Dr. Campbell finds hieroglyphics at the cost of the party except for Hughes and himself . Two years later , Campbell and his assistant Holly are digging up the bones of Yonggary , a gargantuan dinosaur 50 times the size of a tyrannosaurus rex . Out of nowhere , people slowly are being killed around the site . While Holly is working Dr. Hughes , who has been legally dead for 2 years , goes to Holly and tells her to stop the dig . Dr. Campbell comes into the tent and sends Dr. Hughes off . Holly quits the expedition when another `` Accident '' occurs . In the town bar , Dr. Hughes finds Holly and takes her back to her Hotel room to tell her why he thinks the bones of the Dinosaur , Which he calls Yonggary , are going to bring the end of the world . After explaining , Holly and Hughes go to the site to stop Campbell but it is too late and Aliens resurrect Yonggary . After Yonggary's first appearance , the Army comes in and takes Holly and Campbell to an army base when Yonggary is dispatched by the aliens again . The army sends choppers after Yonggary , but he destroys them . Yonggary is then sent to the city and does some damage , where some jets attack him . Then Yonggary is transported to a power plant where he is attacked by rocket pack soldiers . During the fight , Hughes and Holly find out that the diamond on Yonggary's forehead is the device giving the aliens control of Yonggary . <sep>What did the army send to attack Yonggary prior to the jets?<sep>Choppers
[A]: Yes
[Q]: Heavy wooden shutters dulled the noise of the boisterous gale outside. A thick red curtain hung over the door, and a cheery log fire burnt in the stove. A man and woman sat over it; the man, a tall, repulsive-looking creature, with unkempt hair and matted beard, his age apparently about fifty. The woman looked seventy or more. She too had once been tall, but now old age gave her a withered, witch-like appearance, in spite of her great height. She was dressed in limp, faded garments, with a tattered shawl crossed over her chest, and had a scared, miserable look in her bleared old eyes. There were a few words of explanation from the man who had come home, and then, in gruff but not unkindly tones, he bade Babette be seated, and told his mother to get some supper speedily. She spread a coarse cloth on the wooden table, and when all was ready, lifted a large black saucepan from the stove and turned out a smoking, savoury-looking stew. The youngest son produced a bottle containing the thin acid wine of the country, and another of spirits. As he set them on the table, Babette noticed that across one of his hands, which were much smaller and whiter than those of his brothers, there ran a dull red scar that looked as if he had had a bad cut there. Then they all sat down, excepting the old mother, who busied herself in waiting on them. <sep>Who appears to be older, the woman or the man?<sep>The woman
[A]: | Yes
|
In this task, we ask you to elaborate the sentence without changing its general meaning. You can do so by explaining further the input sentence, using more precise wording, adding qualifiers and auxiliary information etc.
Example Input: For example , milk sugar ( lactose ) is made from glucose and galactose whereas cane sugar ( sucrose ) is made from glucose and fructose .
Example Output: For example , milk sugar ( lactose ) is a disaccharide made by condensation of one molecule of each of the monosaccharides glucose and galactose , whereas the disaccharide sucrose in sugar cane and sugar beet , is a condensation product of glucose and fructose .
Example Input: On 8 October 2010 the Nobel Committee awarded Liu the Prize " for his long and non-violent struggle for fundamental human rights in China " .
Example Output: On 8 October 2010 , the Nobel Committee awarded Liu the Nobel Peace Prize " for his long and non-violent struggle for fundamental human rights in China " , saying that Liu had long been front-runner as the recipient of the prize .
Example Input: Gay bars are drinking establishments that cater to lesbian , gay , bisexual or transgender people .
Example Output: | A gay bar is a drinking establishment that caters to an exclusively or predominantly lesbian , gay , bisexual , and transgender ( LGBT ) clientele ; the term " gay " is used as a broadly inclusive concept for LGBT and queer communities .
|
In this task, we ask you to elaborate the sentence without changing its general meaning. You can do so by explaining further the input sentence, using more precise wording, adding qualifiers and auxiliary information etc.
Q: It is a major library and cultural center on the shore of the Mediterranean Sea in the Egyptian city of Alexandria .
A: | The Bibliotheca Alexandrina ( English : Library of Alexandria ; " " , -RSB- ) is a major library and cultural center located on the shore of the Mediterranean Sea in the Egyptian city of Alexandria . |
In this task, you are given a text of many news articles seperated by special token "|||||". Your task is to summarize them.
Example Input: Published: Friday, 6/26/2015 - Updated: 6 months ago
White lion, 14, on loan from Siegfried & Roy dies at Toledo Zoo
TOLEDO ZOO/ANDI NORMAN Enlarge Legend, a 14-year old white lion on loan from Siegfried & Roy, died today at the Toledo Zoo following a diagnostic procedure.
Legend, a 14-year old white lion on loan from Siegfried & Roy, died today at the Toledo Zoo following a diagnostic procedure.
Zoo keepers had recently noticed Legend showing signs of front left leg lameness, according to a statement from the Toledo Zoo. The lion was immobilized today to allow veterinary staff find the source of the discomfort.
Legend was put under anesthesia for about one hour. During that time, vets treated three over-grown toenails and an inflamed nail bed. The Toledo Zoo reports that the lion was stable throughout the procedure, including during an ultrasound of the heart which indicated no obvious issues.
The white lion was removed from anesthesia when the procedure was concluded. While still on oxygen, he went into cardiac and respiratory arrest. Veterinary staff worked to revive Legend, but were unsuccessful in their attempts.
“Animal deaths are always difficult, but Legend’s is even more so because of its sudden and unexpected nature,” said Dr. Ric Berlinski, Zoo chief veterinarian.
The Toledo Zoo cannot speculate on a cause of death, but will perform a gross necropsy, an autopsy for animals, and histopathology tests in order to investigate further.
“Because of the amount of time our dedicated animal care staff spends caring for the animals they become like family. This is a very sad loss for our entire Toledo Zoo family,” said Ron Fricke, deputy director of the Zoo.
Courage, Legend’s 14-year old brother, will continue to reside in the Toledo Zoo’s Tembo Trail.
Contact Christina Payne at: [email protected] or 419-724-6050. ||||| TOLEDO, Ohio (AP) — A white lion on loan from the Siegfried & Roy animal and magic act has died after undergoing a medical procedure at the Toledo Zoo.
Zoo officials announced Friday that 14-year-old Legend died after being immobilized for an hour to allow veterinarians to treat problems with one of its paws. Legend went into cardiac and respiratory arrest after being removed from anesthesia.
A zoo veterinarian says in a statement that while there are risks whenever anesthesia is administered, the procedure was necessary for Legend's quality of life. A necropsy will be performed to determine a cause of death.
The zoo has one other white lion, Legend's 14-year-old brother Courage. The pair came to the zoo in 2003. A white lion named Wisdom died during surgery at the zoo in 2013. |||||
Example Output: A mesmerizing male white lion belonging to Siegfried & Roy died yesterday while undergoing a minor procedure at the Toledo Zoo, where he was on loan, reports the Toledo Blade. Fourteen-year-old Legend was being operated on after displaying signs of lameness in his front left foot; he was stable as vets treated three toenails and an infected nailbed, but went into cardiac and respiratory arrest as he was taken off anesthesia. "Animal deaths are always difficult, but Legend’s is even more so because of its sudden and unexpected nature," says the zoo's chief vet. A necropsy is planned. It's not the first white lion death in recent memory: The AP notes that Wisdom, another male, also died during surgery in 2013. The zoo's remaining white lion is Legend's 14-year-old brother, Courage.
Example Input: The "Amen break" is one of music's most beloved and essential samples, ranking up there with "Funky Drummer" and "Think (About It)" as the most used breaks in hip-hop, dance and rock. Snatched from the Winstons' 1969 track "Amen, Brother," the sample has appeared at various speeds in the music of N.W.A, Nine Inch Nails, Oasis and even in the theme of the animated series Futurama.
However, because of statute of limitations on the recording, the primary songwriters behind the track – the Winstons' Richard L. Spencer, who wrote the arrangement for the song and owned the copyright on the track, and drummer Gregory Coleman, who died homeless in 2006 – never received royalties from their indispensable beat. That is, until now.
Related Sampled 'Harlem Shake' Artists Seek Compensation Acts say Baauer used their music without permission in his Number One hit
A U.K. DJ named Martyn Webster started a GoFundMe page in order to pay back Spencer just a little of what he's probably owed for his contribution to music (via FACT). While the page set an early goal of £1,000 (roughly $1,500), the drive has already amassed that almost 10 times over thanks to music fans eager to repay their debt to the "Amen break." Just four days after the GoFundMe to benefit Spencer was posted, over 850 people have donated nearly $15,000.
"If you have ever written or sold any music with the amen break, or even just enjoyed one of the countless hundreds and hundreds of tunes that contain it over various genres and styles of music, please donate towards the good cause of the worldwide music community giving something back to the man behind the legendary breakbeat," Webster writes on the GoFund Me page.
Webster was inspired to fundraise on Spencer's behalf after hearing a BBC Radio program in 2011 where they managed to track down the Winstons' arranger and talk to him about the sample. Spencer expressed frustration that he was unable to pursue legal avenues in order to recoup some of the money the sample has helped generate and hoped that people would "do the right thing" when using the "Amen break" in the future. ||||| Starting in 1996, Alexa Internet has been donating their crawl data to the Internet Archive. Flowing in every day, these data are added to the Wayback Machine after an embargo period.
Starting in 1996, Alexa Internet has been donating their crawl data to the Internet Archive. Flowing in every day, these data are added to the Wayback Machine after an embargo period.
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Example Output: In 1969, a band called the Winstons recorded a song whose name you probably don't know—even though there's a good chance you've heard about six seconds of it. "Amen, Brother" was an instrumental B-side to a Grammy-winning hit called "Color Him Father," and it contains six seconds of drumming that have been sampled on more than 1,500 tracks, the BBC reports, pointing to data from whosampled.com. Among those who have used the beat are big names like David Bowie, Oasis, NWA, Nine Inch Nails, and Salt-N-Pepa, not to mention those behind the Futurama theme song, Rolling Stone reports. But the Winstons never received any royalties for the usage. The sampling of what's known as the "Amen Break" began in the 1980s, and at the time, the legal rules surrounding it weren't clear. The drummer who played the beat, one GC Coleman, died homeless in 2006 in Atlanta, and frontman Richard Spencer doesn't think Coleman was aware of the song's influence. But there's something of a happy ending to all this: British musicians have started an online fund to repay Spencer for the band's work, and they've collected more than $32,000 on GoFundMe. "If you have ever written or sold any music with the amen break, or even just enjoyed one of the countless hundreds and hundreds of tunes that contain … please donate towards the good cause," the campaign requests. (Jay Z also wants you to pay for music—via his new streaming service.)
Example Input: Focused crawls are collections of frequently-updated webcrawl data from narrow (as opposed to broad or wide) web crawls, often focused on a single domain or subdomain. ||||| FILE - In this Oct. 21, 2017, file photo, Arizona coach Rich Rodriguez yells from the sideline during the first half of the team's NCAA college football game against California in Berkeley, Calif. Arizona... (Associated Press)
FILE - In this Oct. 21, 2017, file photo, Arizona coach Rich Rodriguez yells from the sideline during the first half of the team's NCAA college football game against California in Berkeley, Calif. Arizona has fired Rodriguez after a notice of claim was filed with the state attorney general's office... (Associated Press)
FILE - In this Oct. 21, 2017, file photo, Arizona coach Rich Rodriguez yells from the sideline during the first half of the team's NCAA college football game against California in Berkeley, Calif. Arizona has fired Rodriguez after a notice of claim was filed with the state attorney general's office... (Associated Press) FILE - In this Oct. 21, 2017, file photo, Arizona coach Rich Rodriguez yells from the sideline during the first half of the team's NCAA college football game against California in Berkeley, Calif. Arizona... (Associated Press)
Arizona has fired football coach Rich Rodriguez after a notice of claim was filed with the state attorney general's office alleging he ran a hostile workplace.
The Arizona Daily Star revealed the notice of claim on Tuesday after making a public-records request. The paper said the claim was filed last Thursday by a former employee. A notice of claim is a legal document that signals a lawsuit will be filed.
The Daily Star reported that the notice was filed after the University's Office of Institutional Equity retained outside counsel to investigate allegations of sexual harassment from a former employee. The investigation, which concluded last week, did not find enough to fire Rodriguez, but the university became concerned with the "climate and direction" of the program.
Arizona athletic director Dave Heeke announced Rodriguez's firing in a statement issued by the school and said the separation terms of his contract will be honored.
"After conducting a thorough evaluation of our football program and its leadership, both on and off the field, President Robbins and I feel it is in the best interest of the University of Arizona and our athletics department to go in a new direction," Heeke said. "We'll move through the coaching search in an effort to identify a head coach that will build a solid foundation for our program and create an identity of Arizona football that the university, Tucson and southern Arizona communities can be proud of. We're excited about the future of our football program and we look forward to introducing our new head coach at the completion of the search process."
Rodriguez arrived in Tucson after an ugly split with Michigan, where he coached for three seasons. He had an immediate impact on the Wildcats, leading them to four straight bowl games.
Arizona took a step back last season, losing eight straight games while finishing 3-9. The Wildcats were one of college football's more surprising teams this season after opening 6-2. They fell flat after that, losing four of their final five, including a 38-35 setback against Purdue in the Holiday Bowl.
Rodriguez was 43-39 in six seasons at Arizona.
In August, Creative Artists Agency, which represented him until 2015, sued Rodriguez on claims he owed it more than $230,000 in past-due fees.
___
This story corrects the name of the newspaper to Arizona Daily Star.
___
More AP college football: https://collegefootball.ap.org and https://twitter.com/AP_Top25 ||||| A current underused tool, the GIF is making it’s mark in the modern advertising world. This fun and playful animation is a simple way to boost brands across all social media platforms while showing consumers that brands are keeping up with current trends. |||||
Example Output: | Arizona has fired head football coach Rich Rodriguez after a notice of claim was filed with the state attorney general's office alleging he ran a hostile workplace. The Arizona Daily Star revealed the $7.5 million notice of claim on Tuesday after making a public-records request. The paper said the claim was filed last Thursday by a former employee. A notice of claim is a legal document that signals a lawsuit will be filed. The Daily Star reports that the notice was filed after the University's Office of Institutional Equity retained outside counsel to investigate allegations of sexual harassment from a former employee. The investigation, which concluded last week, did not find enough to fire Rodriguez, but the university became concerned with the "climate and direction" of the program. Arizona athletic director Dave Heeke announced Rodriguez's firing in a statement issued by the school and said the separation terms of his contract will be honored, the AP reports. Rodriguez arrived in Tucson after an ugly split with Michigan, where he coached for three seasons. He had an immediate impact on the Wildcats, leading them to four straight bowl games, but they took a step back last season, losing eight straight games while finishing 3-9. Rodriguez tweeted late Tuesday that he will fight the "fabricated and groundless" claims. "I am not a perfect man, but the claims by my former assistant are simply not true and her demands for a financial settlement are outrageous," he said.
|
Instructions: In this task, you are given a question and a context passage. You have to answer the question based on the given passage.
Input: Are apicomplexans green algae or chromalveolates?, Context: Apicomplexans are another group of chromalveolates. Like the helicosproidia, they're parasitic, and have a nonphotosynthetic chloroplast. They were once thought to be related to the helicosproidia, but it is now known that the helicosproida are green algae rather than chromalveolates. The apicomplexans include Plasmodium, the malaria parasite. Many apicomplexans keep a vestigial red algal derived chloroplast called an apicoplast, which they inherited from their ancestors. Other apicomplexans like Cryptosporidium have lost the chloroplast completely. Apicomplexans store their energy in amylopectin starch granules that are located in their cytoplasm, even though they are nonphotosynthetic.
Output: | chromalveolates |
Teacher:In this task, you will be presented with a context passage, a question about that paragraph, and a possible answer to that question. The task is to check the validity of the answer. Answer with "Yes" or "No".
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Rough surfaces create more friction than smooth surfaces. Thats why cars have tires. Its also why we use rubber mats in areas that might get wet. In your bathtub, you may even use No-Slip tape. No-slip is another way of saying the items has a lot of friction. In Figure 1.9, the blades of the skates are very smooth. Thats why you cant slide across ice with shoes. The soles of your shoes are much rougher than skates. The rougher surface of shoes causes more friction and slows you down. Heavier objects also have more friction. A heavy object presses down with more force. The surfaces are held together more tightly. This makes the surfaces harder to slide past each other. Did you ever try to push something heavy across the floor? Heavy objects are much harder to push than light objects. <sep>Why do we use rubber mats in areas that might get wet?<sep>Smooth surface
Student: | No |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a question and a context passage. You have to answer the question based on the given passage.
Q: What could cause one to wind up in legal trouble?, Context: Criticism of the term intellectual property ranges from discussing its vagueness and abstract overreach to direct contention to the semantic validity of using words like property and rights in fashions that contradict practice and law. Many detractors think this term specially serves the doctrinal agenda of parties opposing reform in the public interest or otherwise abusing related legislations; and that it disallows intelligent discussion about specific and often unrelated aspects of copyright, patents, trademarks, etc.
A: | validity of using words like property and rights in fashions that contradict practice and law |
In this task, you are given a question and a context passage. You have to answer the question based on the given passage.
Q: What happened to parents who wouldn't take the deal offered by officials?, Context: The New York Times reported that "government officials in Beijing and Sichuan have said they are investigating the collapses. In an acknowledgment of the weakness of building codes in the countryside, the National Development and Reform Commission said on May 27 that it had drafted an amendment to improve construction standards for primary and middle schools in rural areas. Experts are reviewing the draft, the commission said." To limit protests, officials pushed parents to sign a document, which forbade them from holding protests, in exchange of money, but some who refused to sign were threatened. The payment amounts varied from school to school but were approximately the same. In Hanwang, parents were offered a package valued at 8,800 USD in cash and a per-parent pension of nearly 5,600 USD. Furthermore, officials used other methods of silencing: riot police officers broke up protests by parents; the authorities set up cordons around the schools; and officials ordered the Chinese news media to stop reporting on school collapses.
A: | some who refused to sign were threatened |
Definition: In this task, we ask you to elaborate the sentence without changing its general meaning. You can do so by explaining further the input sentence, using more precise wording, adding qualifiers and auxiliary information etc.
Input: The longhorn beetles or long-horned beetles ( Cerambycidae ) are a family of beetles that usually have very long antennae .
Output: | The longhorn beetles ( Cerambycidae ; also known as long-horned or longicorns ) are a cosmopolitan family of beetles , typically characterized by extremely long antennae , which are often as long as or longer than the beetle 's body . |
You will be given a passage, and your task is to generate a Yes/No question that is answerable based on the given passage.
Input: Consider Input: Writers of Sporting News described hitting four home runs in a single Major League Baseball (MLB) game as ``baseball's greatest single-game accomplishment''. Eighteen players have accomplished the feat to date, the most recent being J.D. Martinez--then with the Arizona Diamondbacks--against the Los Angeles Dodgers on September 4, 2017. No player has done this more than once in his career and no player has ever hit more than four in a game. Bobby Lowe was the first to hit four home runs in a single game, doing so on May 30, 1894. Fans were reportedly so excited that they threw $160 in silver coins ($4,500 today) onto the field after his fourth home run.
Output: has any mlb player hit 5 home runs in one game?
Input: Consider Input: Admission to the bar in the United States is the granting of permission by a particular court system to a lawyer to practice law in that system. Each U.S state and similar jurisdiction (e.g., territories under federal control) has its own court system and sets its own rules for bar admission (or privilege to practice law), which can lead to different admission standards among states. In most cases, a person who is ``admitted'' to the bar is thereby a ``member'' of the particular bar.
Output: do you have to be a member of the bar to practice law?
Input: Consider Input: Generally, a passenger with an electronic ticket will only need a boarding pass. If a passenger has a paper airline ticket, that ticket (or flight coupon) may be required to be attached to the boarding pass for him or her to board the aircraft. For ``connecting flights'', a boarding pass is required for each new leg (distinguished by a different flight number), regardless of whether a different aircraft is boarded or not.
| Output: is a e ticket the same as a boarding pass?
|
In this task, you will be presented with a context passage, a question about that paragraph, and a possible answer to that question. The task is to check the validity of the answer. Answer with "Yes" or "No".
Ex Input:
Two women trade houses without ever having met . They 're both looking for an escape from their problems , but by running away , both come to discover a great deal about themselves . Ria Lynch is married to Danny Lynch and they have a daughter and a son . Danny begins spending less and less time at home with his wife and children . Ria believes another baby is the solution , and is shocked to find out that indeed her husband is going to be a father - but to a child from an affair he has been having . Her husband's unfaithfulness is the event that leads Ria into her decision to switch homes with a woman from the US called Marilyn who lost her teenage son to a motorcycle accident on his birthday . Marilyn is struggling to come to terms with her son's death and has become estranged from her husband . She hopes her time in Dublin will cease her grief . Ria and Marilyn discover deep , dark secrets about the other during the summer . The two become close friends but do not reveal the secrets . { { Expand section } } <sep>Why do the women switch houses?<sep>They 're both looking for an escape from their problems
Ex Output:
Yes
Ex Input:
Fossils may form in other ways. Fossils can be preserved almost completely. In this process, the organism doesnt change much. As seen below, tree sap may cover an organism. With time, the sap hardens. It turns to into amber. The original organism is preserved. This is very exciting for scientists. They are able to study the DNA of the organism that no longer lives on Earth. Some animals have been found frozen in ice. Others have been found in tar pits after falling in. Molds and casts are another way organisms can be fossilized. Have you ever walked in soft mud and left footprints? Once in a while, these traces of organisms can be preserved. In this case, nothing is left of the organism. A mold is an imprint of an organism that is preserved in rock. The organisms remains break down completely. There is nothing left of the original plant and animal. <sep>Leaving your footprint in mud, is similar to what process that creates fossils?<sep>Erosion
Ex Output:
No
Ex Input:
The digestive system is the body system that digests food. It digest food in two ways, mechanically and chemically. Both help in the process of turning food into nutrients. The digestive system also eliminates solid food waste. The major organs of the digestive system include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and small and large in- testines. These organs all work together to help you gain energy from the food you eat. Digestion starts in the mouth. When food is swallowed, it travels through the esophagus to the stomach. In the stomach, digestion continues and a small amount of absorption of nutrients takes place. Most chemical digestion and nearly all absorption of nutrients take place in the small intestine. This organ consists of three parts: duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. The large intestine is the last stop in the digestive system. This is where water is absorbed. The food not digested is released as waste. <sep>What are the three parts of the small intestine?<sep>Mouth, Esophagus, Stomach
Ex Output:
| No
|
Definition: In this task, you are given a text of many news articles seperated by special token "|||||". Your task is to summarize them.
Input: Stephen Colbert finally faced off with Donald Trump tonight and told him very bluntly that it’s hard to discern between his over-the-top comments and over-the-top comments his faux conservative character used to say.
First off, Colbert did not pull his punches in joking about Trump before he came on, roasting his ego and big-headedness. But when Trump came on, Colbert thanked him for running for president and told him if money is speech, he’s “a ten billion dollar mouth.”
They bantered a bit about Trump’s wealth, his hat, how Mexico’s actually going to pay for the border wall, and whether Trump has anyone he’d like to apologize to. Trump said no.
Colbert attempted to lob Trump the softest of softballs by asking if President Obama was born in the United States. Trump dodged.
But perhaps the best part of the interview came at the end, when Colbert told Trump he used to play an “over-the-top conservative character, not as long as you did,” and played a game called “Trump or Colbert.”
Colbert read off a series of quotes and Trump had to guess whether he said them or Colbert’s over-the-top caricature did. And there was not that big a difference.
Watch the video below, via CBS:
[image via screengrab]
— —
Follow Josh Feldman on Twitter: @feldmaniac
Have a tip we should know? [email protected] ||||| NEW YORK (AP) — Stephen Colbert showered thanks on Donald Trump, his "Late Show" guest.
In this photo provided by CBS, Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump, left, joins host Stephen Colbert on the set of “The Late Show with Stephen Colbert,” Tuesday, Sept. 22, 2015, in New York.... (Associated Press)
In this photo provided by CBS, Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump, left, joins host Stephen Colbert on the set of “The Late Show with Stephen Colbert,” Tuesday, Sept. 22, 2015, in New York.... (Associated Press)
"I want to thank you not only for being here but for running for president," Colbert told the GOP front-runner Tuesday night. "I'm not going to say this stuff writes itself, but you certainly do deliver it on time every day."
Colbert's gratitude for Trump's comic assistance was well-placed. Peppering Trump with questions and wisecracks during his appearance, the CBS host reduced the usually domineering Trump to straight-man status, an unaccustomed role Trump performed with rare grace.
Bringing up Trump's proposal to build a wall between the United States and Mexico, Colbert offered his own mocking version of a way to bar illegal immigration: Two walls, and in between them a moat filled with fire and fireproof crocodiles. "Is that enough?" Colbert asked.
And focusing on Trump's insistence that Mexico would pay for the wall, Colbert drew him into a role-playing exercise — a phone call where "you're you, and I'm the president of Mexico."
Colbert noted that Trump is leading the field while he vows to finance his campaign out of his own pocket.
"The Republican Party has been a big pusher of the idea that money is speech, and you're a $10 billion mouth," said Colbert. "You're their worst nightmare."
"I think the establishment in the Republican Party probably isn't that thrilled," he agreed.
Trump repeated his contention, as a former heavy campaign donor, that candidates who accept major contributions are typically "owned" by those donors once in office.
"You gave them a big contribution and you want something and all of a sudden they've very receptive," he said. If you didn't make a healthy gift, "believe me, you get the cold shoulder."
Colbert asked if Trump really wants to be president: "If you actually got the gig, would that be a step down for you? You know what the pay is like, right?"
Trump replied that he is running "not because I want it, but because I think I can do a great job."
When pressed on his past contention that President Barack Obama wasn't born in the United States, Trump deferred.
"I don't talk about it anymore," he said.
But he was gung-ho for a game that called for guessing who in the past had made certain outlandish remarks: Trump or the comically conservative blowhard Colbert played for a decade as host of "The Colbert Report."
Trump or Colbert? "Medicare is like a nice pair of cufflinks. Nobody wears cufflinks anymore."
"That's you," said Trump. Correct.
Trump or Colbert? "It's freezing and snowing in New York. We need global warming."
"I think it's you," Trump hedged, "but it's close to being me."
It was Trump.
And finally: "The real strong have no need to prove it to the phonies."
"It's not me," said Trump after a pause. "It COULD be you."
"It's not me, either," Colbert said. "It's Charles Manson."
"Ooooo," said Trump. ||||| Donald Trump ducked an attempt Tuesday by Stephen Colbert to get him to say whether he believes President Obama was born in the United States.
Colbert called the question a "big fat meatball" that Trump would never have to respond to again if he answered during an afternoon taping of the "Late Show" episode.
"Barack Obama, born in the United States?" Colbert asked.
"I don't talk about it anymore," Trump deflected, saying he would rather talk about jobs and veterans' affairs.
After Trump didn't answer, Colbert said that the "meatball is now being dragged down the steps of the subway by a rat," a reference to a viral video that has made the rounds this week.
Trump has in the past been a vocal supporter of claims that Obama was not born in the U.S.
The brash presidential candidate was Colbert's headliner on Tuesday's "Late Show." The two spoke about immigration, the Iran deal, and Trump's run for the White House.
"I want to thank you for running for president," Colbert said. "I'm not going to say this stuff writes itself, but you certainly do deliver it on time every day."
Trump, the GOP front runner, has done many late night appearances, but this was his first with Colbert.
Related: Stephen Colbert's 'Late Show' lights up late night TV
Tuesday's appearance was a gamble for Trump since Colbert isn't known to pull punches with his guests, especially those in the political realm.
However, Colbert was cordial and Trump seemed comfortable playing to the audience. Some gave him a standing ovation when he came out.
Trump wasn't Colbert's only political guest on Tuesday. Secretary of Energy Dr. Ernest Moniz, the architect of the Iran nuclear deal, was Colbert's second guest.
Colbert asked Trump, a vocal critic of the Iran deal, to sign a copy of his book "The Art of the Deal" for Moniz. Trump jokingly went along. "Better luck next time," he wrote.
Trump bashing has been common on Colbert's "Late Show." One of the highlights of the show's debut earlier this month was a bit in which Colbert gorged on Oreos while also gorging on Trump news coverage.
The "Late Show" appearance came a little more than a week after Trump visited Colbert's late night rival Jimmy Fallon on "The Tonight Show."
Trump's "Tonight Show" guest spot was considered to be a "love fest" by some, but gave Fallon a big ratings win over Colbert that night.
Colbert spent years grilling politicians as a fake pundit on Comedy Central's "The Colbert Report."
In fact, Colbert played a game with Trump on Tuesday to see if he could figure out which quote was said by Trump or by Colbert's "Report" character.
Related: Donald Trump buys NBC's half of Miss Universe pageant
The Future of Media, a customized magazine |||||
Output: | "Finally, a place on TV to hear about Donald Trump," Stephen Colbert quipped before Trump joined him on the Late Show last night. "I want to thank you not only for being here but for running for president," Colbert told him. "I'm not going to say this stuff writes itself, but you certainly do deliver it on time every day." Colbert didn't try too hard to make Trump squirm, though he did ask what he called a "big fat meatball" of a question, CNN reports. "Barack Obama, born in the United States?" asked Colbert. "I don't talk about it anymore," Trump replied. "I talk about jobs. I talk about our veterans being horribly treated." Colbert told Trump that he also used to play an "over-the-top conservative character" and, in what Mediaite decides was the best part of the interview, challenged him to a game of "Trump or Colbert," in which Trump had to guess whether remarks had been made by him or by Colbert's cartoonishly conservative Colbert Report character. Trump didn't have much trouble with the quotes, though he had to hesitate over "It's freezing and snowing in New York. We need global warming." "I think it's you," Trump said, "but it's close to being me." It was Trump, but the last quote, "The real strong have no need to prove it to the phonies," turned out to be Charles Manson, the AP reports. (Saturday Night Live has chosen its Donald Trump.) |
You will be given a passage, and your task is to generate a Yes/No question that is answerable based on the given passage.
--------
Question: The Olde English Bulldogge is a recently created American dog breed. In the 1970s David Leavitt created a true-breeding lineage as a re-creation of the healthier working bulldog from early nineteenth century England. Using a breeding scheme developed for cattle, Leavitt crossed English bulldogs, American Bulldogs, American Pit Bull Terriers and Bull Mastiffs. The result was an athletic breed that looks similar to the bulldogs of 1820 but also has a friendly temperament.
Answer: do olde english bulldogs have pitbull in them?
Question: Arm span or reach (sometimes referred to as wingspan) is the physical measurement of the length from one end of an individual's arms (measured at the fingertips) to the other when raised parallel to the ground at shoulder height at a 90° angle. The average reach correlates to the person's height. Age and sex have to be taken into account to best predict height from arm span.
Answer: is your height the same as your arm span?
Question: At the start of the war on 1 September 1939, the Allies consisted of France, Poland and the United Kingdom, as well as their dependent states, such as British India. Within days they were joined by the independent Dominions of the British Commonwealth: Australia, Canada, New Zealand and South Africa. After the start of the German invasion of North Europe until the Balkan Campaign, the Netherlands, Belgium, Greece, and Yugoslavia joined the Allies. After first having cooperated with Germany in invading Poland whilst remaining neutral in the Allied-Axis conflict, the Soviet Union perforce joined the Allies in June 1941 after being invaded by Germany. The United States provided war materiel and money all along, and officially joined in December 1941 after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. China had already been in a prolonged war with Japan since the Marco Polo Bridge Incident of 1937, but officially joined the Allies in 1941.
Answer: | was canada part of the allies in ww2?
|
The three drive-ins nearest to Madison, all less than an hour's drive, are: Big Sky Twin Drive-In Theatres in Wisconsin Dells, Highway 18 Outdoor Theatre, near Jefferson, and Sky-Vu Drive-In, near Monroe.
Highway 18 Outdoor Theatre is near jefferson OPTIONS:
- Yes
- It's impossible to say
- No
A: Yes
How to become a member of the ymca<br>Visit your local ymca and see if its facilities will meet your needs. Ymca staff take prospective members on guided tours of the site and can answer all membership questions. Services vary from one facility to another, so be sure to ask about programs of special interest to you.
You have to go into a ymca to become a member. OPTIONS:
- Yes
- It's impossible to say
- No
A: Yes
Blue Mountain Lumber said today it may have to relocate a $30 million project offshore in the wake of an Environment Court decision that blocked it from a planned development site on the Coromandel.
Blue Mountain Lumber said today it may have to relocate a $330 million project offshore. OPTIONS:
- Yes
- It's impossible to say
- No
A: | No |
Context:
We want the right to copy verbatim works that should be in the public domain and would be in the public domain but for a statute that cannot be justified under ordinary First Amendment analysis or under a proper reading of the limits built into the Copyright 16 Clause.
Hypothesis: If Copyright 16 Clause was properly read, owners of verbatim works would be upset OPTIONS:
- Yes
- It's impossible to say
- No
It's impossible to say
Context:
lottery<br>I found an old lottery ticket in my car. It was a 500 dollar winner. I was worried it was too old to pay out. I took it to the lottery office and it was still good. They gave me a 500 dollar check.
Hypothesis: the lottery ticket was a good purchase OPTIONS:
- Yes
- It's impossible to say
- No
Yes
Context:
hard work<br>Carl had been hired to work at a local factory. It was very hot with temperatures typically over one hundred degrees. Carl hated the job and wanted to quit. However, he had to stick with it to pay the bills. Eventually, Carl got use to job and learned to enjoy it.
Hypothesis: Carl got used to the cold temperatures and learned to enjoy the job. OPTIONS:
- Yes
- It's impossible to say
- No
| No |
In this task you will be given an answer to a question. You need to generate a question. The answer given should be a correct answer for the generated question.
Example Input: Tiger Zinda Hai grossed $2 million in two days, $450,000 on day one in US / Canada and around £ 150,000 in the UK. The film grossed $7 million in its opening weekend in overseas, including $2,535,825 in US / Canada. The film grossed ₹ 190 crore worldwide in its opening weekend. As of 23 January 2018, the film has grossed ₹ 552 crore (US $85 million) worldwide, including at least ₹ 427.67 crore (US $66 million) in India and ₹ 122.98 crore (US $19 million) overseas.
Example Output: tiger zinda hai box office collection day 2 world wide
Example Input: The imprest system is a form of financial accounting system. The most common imprest system is the petty cash system. The base characteristic of an imprest system is that a fixed amount is reserved, which after a certain period of time or when circumstances require, because money was spent, it will be replenished. This replenishment will come from another account source, e.g., petty cash will be replenished by cashing a cheque drawn on a bank account.
Example Output: what is an imprest system of petty cash
Example Input: In the United States, table wine primarily designates a wine style: ordinary wine which is neither fortified nor sparkling nor expensive.
Example Output: | what's the difference between table wine and regular wine
|
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you are given a text of many news articles seperated by special token "|||||". Your task is to summarize them.
Image copyright Getty Images Image caption Cattle need 28 times more land than other livestock, according to a new study
A new study suggests that the production of beef is around 10 times more damaging to the environment than any other form of livestock.
Scientists measured the environment inputs required to produce the main US sources of protein.
Beef cattle need 28 times more land and 11 times more irrigation water than pork, poultry, eggs or dairy.
The research has been published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
While it has long been known that beef has a greater environmental impact than other meats, the authors of this paper say theirs is is the first to quantify the scale in a comparative way.
Beef footprint
The researchers developed a uniform methodology that they were able to apply to all five livestock categories and to four measures of environmental performance.
"We have a sharp view of the comparative impact that beef, pork, poultry, dairy and eggs have in terms of land and water use, reactive nitrogen discharge, and greenhouse gas emissions," lead author Prof Gidon Eshel, from Bard College in New York, told BBC News.
"The uniformity and expansive scope is novel, unique, and important," he said.
The scientists used data from from 2000-2010 from the US department of agriculture to calculate the amount of resources required for all the feed consumed by edible livestock.
They then worked out the amount of hay, silage and concentrates such as soybeans required by the different species to put on a kilo of weight.
They also include greenhouse gas emissions not just from the production of feed for animals but from their digestion and manure.
As ruminants, cattle can survive on a wide variety of plants but they have a very low energy conversion efficiency from what they eat.
As a result, beef comes out clearly as the food animal with the biggest environmental impact.
Image copyright SPL Image caption The scientists have developed a methodology to compare the relative impacts of different protein sources
As well as the effects on land and water, cattle release five times more greenhouse gas and consume six times more nitrogen than eggs or poultry.
Cutting down on beef can have a big environmental impact they say. But the same is not true for all livestock.
"One can reasonably be an environmentally mindful eater, designing one's diet with its environmental impact in mind, while not resorting to exclusive reliance on plant food sources," said Prof Eshel.
"In fact, eliminating beef, and replacing it with relatively efficiency animal-based alternatives such as eggs, can achieve an environmental improvement comparable to switching to plant food source."
Other researchers say the conclusions of the new study are applicable in Europe, even though the work is based on US data.
"The overall environmental footprint of beef is particularly large because it combines a low production efficiency with very high volume," said Prof Mark Sutton, from the UK's Centre for Ecology and Hydrology.
"The result is that the researchers estimate that over 60% of the environmental burden of livestock in the US results from beef. Although the exact numbers will be different for Europe (expecting a larger role of dairy), the overall message will be similar: Cattle dominate the livestock footprint of both Europe and US."
Follow Matt on Twitter @mattmcgrathbbc. ||||| Raising cows for beef requires substantially more land, water, greenhouse gas emissions and fertilizer compared to other livestock in the American diet.
Beef production takes a big toll on the environment, according to one of the most comprehensive studies to date on livestock management in the United States.
To make one steak, 28 times more land, 11 times more irrigation water, five times more greenhouse-gas emissions and six times more fertilizer is needed compared to what's required for other sources of commonly eaten protein, like pork and poultry, the researchers found.
"We were trying to see how many resources we take from planet Earth in order to create what we are eating," Ron Milo, the study's co-principal investigator and a professor of plant sciences at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel, told Live Science. "We found that it is much larger for eating beef." [7 Perfect Survival Foods]
Milo and his colleagues collected data on the environmental costs per calorie of dairy, poultry, pork, eggs and beef — foods that account for 96 percent of the calories Americans get from animals. The researchers consulted records from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the Department of the Interior and the Department of Energy from 2000 to 2010.
The environmental costs of dairy, poultry, pork and eggs are fairly similar, the researchers found.
Plants — including potatoes, wheat and rice — require even fewer resources, the researchers also reported. Compared to plants, nonbeef animals require an average of six times as much land, half as much irrigation water, two times as much greenhouse-gas emissions and three times as much fertilizer use.
In contrast, the same number of calories from beef is much more taxing on the environment — requiring 160 times more land, eight times more irrigation water, 11 times more greenhouse-gas emissions and 19 times more fertilizer than plants, according to the researchers.
The costs include the land, water and fertilizer needed to grow food for the animals. For instance, the researchers based greenhouse-gas emissions on methane associated with the animals' flatulence and manure, and pollutants associated with the tractors and fertilizer production.
Other studies have identified beef as a major drain on environmental resources, but this is one of the largest investigations on the environmental costs of livestock in the United States, said Nathan Pelletier, president of the Global Ecologic Environmental Consulting and Management Services in British Columbia, Canada.
"It's a good message to reiterate," Pelletier told Live Science. "What remains to be seen is to what extent this information will influence policymaking."
Still, the new study can help people make informed decisions about what to eat for dinner, the researchers said.
"Maybe I like beef very much," Milo said. "But from knowing those numbers, maybe I could just eat it once a week, or once every two weeks."
The researchers published the findings today (July 21) in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Follow Laura Geggel on Twitter @LauraGeggel and Google+. Follow Live Science @livescience, Facebook & Google+. Original article on Live Science. |||||
| Think drive-thru cheeseburgers are cheap? Think again. What may be light on the wallet is heavy on the planet, according to a new study on the environmental costs per calorie of beef, pork, poultry, dairy, and eggs—which, combined, make up 96% of the calories Americans get via animal sources. But, as LiveScience reports, the worst offender is beef: Not only does it require about 10 times the resources as pork and poultry (including 28 times the land), but when compared to calories gotten from plants, beef uses 160 times more land, 19 times more fertilizer, 11 times more greenhouse-gas emissions, and 8 times more irrigation water. While this isn't the first study to pinpoint the resources used to raise cattle, the authors say it is one of the largest ever conducted to investigate the full extent of environmental costs across different types of livestock in the US, thereby allowing for direct comparisons. Not ready to drop meat from your diet altogether? "Eliminating beef, and replacing it with relatively efficient animal-based alternatives such as eggs, can achieve an environmental improvement comparable to switching to plant food source," one researcher tells the BBC. Other researchers say the conclusions can likely be extended to Europe. (Check out what is predicted to happen if the whole world suddenly goes vegetarian.) |
Continue writing the next sentence in this paragraph:
He goes through the ingredients and the glassware to make the drink. He fills the glass with ice and now makes the drink explaining the measurements. he | uses a straw to further mix the drink, takes a sip of the drink, explains how the drink tastes and then ends the video of where to find him, how to contact him and how to get on his show. |
How to make eyeliner<br>Buy some activated charcoal. Activated charcoal is available at drug stores and natural health stores. It's commonly used as a remedy for indigestion, so it usually comes in the form of capsules.
Does this next sentence follow, given the preceding text?
eyeliner is impossible to make by yourself many have tried and they are unhappy with the results | No |
In this task, you will be presented with a context passage, a question about that paragraph, and a possible answer to that question. The task is to check the validity of the answer. Answer with "Yes" or "No".
Q: The film begins with Brick Bardo ( Tim Thomerson , from ( ( Dollman hitchhiking to get to the town of Pahoota , where he tries to find a girl named Nurse Ginger ( Melissa Behr , who was shrunken to 11 inches in ( ( Bad Channels , to prove to her that she's not alone . Meanwhile , the film cuts to Judith Grey , who has a nightmare about the events that happened in the previous film a year before . Ever since the events that took place a year before , Judith has been watching the Toyland Warehouse , believing that the toys are still alive . Meanwhile , a bum breaks into the Warehouse , and starts to mess around with a clown tricycle , until he gets knocked in the head with a box of toys , causing him to hit his head on the ground , killing him . However , his blood continues to flow over to the place where the demon was buried , and brings back : Baby Oopsie Daisy , Jack Attack , Mr. Static , and this time brings up a new killer toy named Zombietoid , a blonde GI JOE action figure with a sword as a weapon . Judith , who's now inside the building , finally sees the toys in full view , but is then arrested for breaking into a secluded building . After the police leave , the toys force the new security guard Ray Vernon to help them with their needs . Meanwhile , Judith , who now knows about Nurse Ginger and Brick Bardo's history , bribes a news reporter to tell her where they 're at , and tells her they are in Pahoota . Judith , after having a deal with Bardo and Ginger to help her kill the toys , they head off back to the Warehouse . <sep>What warehouse is Judith having nightmares about?<sep>the Toyland Warehouse
A: | Yes |
In this task, you are given a question and a context passage. You have to answer the question based on the given passage.
Which is larger, cliques or crowds?, Context: Adolescents tend to associate with "cliques" on a small scale and "crowds" on a larger scale. During early adolescence, adolescents often associate in cliques, exclusive, single-sex groups of peers with whom they are particularly close. Despite the common notion that cliques are an inherently negative influence, they may help adolescents become socially acclimated and form a stronger sense of identity. Within a clique of highly athletic male-peers, for example, the clique may create a stronger sense of fidelity and competition. Cliques also have become somewhat a "collective parent," i.e. telling the adolescents what to do and not to do. Towards late adolescence, cliques often merge into mixed-sex groups as teenagers begin romantically engaging with one another. These small friend groups then break down further as socialization becomes more couple-oriented. On a larger scale, adolescents often associate with crowds, groups of individuals who share a common interest or activity. Often, crowd identities may be the basis for stereotyping young people, such as jocks or nerds. In large, multi-ethnic high schools, there are often ethnically-determined crowds. While crowds are very influential during early and middle adolescence, they lose salience during high school as students identify more individually.
crowds
Were more soldiers or vehicles evacuated to Pusan?, Context: During the Hungnam evacuation, about 193 shiploads of UN Command forces and matériel (approximately 105,000 soldiers, 98,000 civilians, 17,500 vehicles, and 350,000 tons of supplies) were evacuated to Pusan. The SS Meredith Victory was noted for evacuating 14,000 refugees, the largest rescue operation by a single ship, even though it was designed to hold 12 passengers. Before escaping, the UN Command forces razed most of Hungnam city, especially the port facilities; and on 16 December 1950, President Truman declared a national emergency with Presidential Proclamation No. 2914, 3 C.F.R. 99 (1953), which remained in force until 14 September 1978.[b] The next day (17 December 1950) Kim Il-sung was deprived of the right of command of KPA by China. After that, the leading part of the war became the Chinese army. Following that, on 1 February 1951, United Nations General Assembly adopted a draft resolution condemning China as an aggressor in the Korean War.
soldiers
What tribe did Borte join unwillingly?, Context: As previously arranged by his father, Temüjin married Börte of the Onggirat tribe when he was around 16 in order to cement alliances between their respective tribes. Soon after Börte's marriage to Temüjin, she was kidnapped by the Merkits and reportedly given away as a wife. Temüjin rescued her with the help of his friend and future rival, Jamukha, and his protector, Toghrul Khan of the Keraite tribe. She gave birth to a son, Jochi (1185–1226), nine months later, clouding the issue of his parentage. Despite speculation over Jochi, Börte would be Temüjin's only empress, though he did follow tradition by taking several morganatic wives.
| Merkits
|
instruction:
In this task, you are given a question and a context passage. You have to answer the question based on the given passage.
question:
The passage lists countries that still implement corporal punishment, which type of countries are closest to Latin America?, Context: Official corporal punishment, often by caning, remains commonplace in schools in some Asian, African and Caribbean countries. For details of individual countries see School corporal punishment.
answer:
Caribbean
question:
Which category contains a 2 year old tree?, Context: To accurately map the Amazon's biomass and subsequent carbon related emissions, the classification of tree growth stages within different parts of the forest is crucial. In 2006 Tatiana Kuplich organized the trees of the Amazon into four categories: (1) mature forest, (2) regenerating forest [less than three years], (3) regenerating forest [between three and five years of regrowth], and (4) regenerating forest [eleven to eighteen years of continued development]. The researcher used a combination of Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and Thematic Mapper (TM) to accurately place the different portions of the Amazon into one of the four classifications.
answer:
2
question:
How many frames are displayed per second in PAL broadcasts?, Context: Standard 35mm photographic film used for cinema projection has a much higher image resolution than HDTV systems, and is exposed and projected at a rate of 24 frames per second (frame/s). To be shown on standard television, in PAL-system countries, cinema film is scanned at the TV rate of 25 frame/s, causing a speedup of 4.1 percent, which is generally considered acceptable. In NTSC-system countries, the TV scan rate of 30 frame/s would cause a perceptible speedup if the same were attempted, and the necessary correction is performed by a technique called 3:2 Pulldown: Over each successive pair of film frames, one is held for three video fields (1/20 of a second) and the next is held for two video fields (1/30 of a second), giving a total time for the two frames of 1/12 of a second and thus achieving the correct average film frame rate.
answer:
| 25 frame/s
|
Read the text and determine if the sentence is true (see options at the end):
Authors Anonymous is a 2014 comedy American film directed and produced by Ellie Kanner. It stars Kaley Cuoco, Chris Klein, Tricia Helfer, Jonathan Banks, Jonathan Bennett, Teri Polo and Dennis Farina in his final film role. The film was released on March 18, 2014 through video on demand prior to its limited release on April 18, 2014 by Screen Media Films and Starz Digital.
Sentence: Ellie Kanner directed two movies in 2014.
Available choices:
[I] Yes.
[II] It's impossible to say.
[III] No. | [II] |
Subsets and Splits