prompt
stringlengths 17
16.2k
| response
stringlengths 1
8.5k
|
|---|---|
(CNN) -- The St. Louis Cardinals finished their improbable run Friday night with a convincing 6-2 win, beating the Texas Rangers and giving the franchise another World Series championship. Instead of the furious comebacks the Cards have been known for this year, the Cards grabbed a commanding lead in the fifth inning Friday and held on. "We got it. It is unbelievable," outfielder Allen Craig said. "This is an unbelievable group of guys. I am just glad to be a part of this." Craig, who caught the last out of the game, was more than a part of it. He hit a home run in the third inning of Friday's game and stole a home run from Ranger Nelson Cruz leaping over the wall to bring the ball back.
The
OPTIONS:
- Allen Craig were pushed to within their last strike in the ninth and 10th innings only to come back and erase two-run deficits both times.
- CNN were pushed to within their last strike in the ninth and 10th innings only to come back and erase two-run deficits both times.
- Cardinals were pushed to within their last strike in the ninth and 10th innings only to come back and erase two-run deficits both times.
- Cards were pushed to within their last strike in the ninth and 10th innings only to come back and erase two-run deficits both times.
- Craig were pushed to within their last strike in the ninth and 10th innings only to come back and erase two-run deficits both times.
- David Freese were pushed to within their last strike in the ninth and 10th innings only to come back and erase two-run deficits both times.
- Freese were pushed to within their last strike in the ninth and 10th innings only to come back and erase two-run deficits both times.
- Game 7 were pushed to within their last strike in the ninth and 10th innings only to come back and erase two-run deficits both times.
- Nelson Cruz were pushed to within their last strike in the ninth and 10th innings only to come back and erase two-run deficits both times.
- St. Louis Cardinals were pushed to within their last strike in the ninth and 10th innings only to come back and erase two-run deficits both times.
- Texas Rangers were pushed to within their last strike in the ninth and 10th innings only to come back and erase two-run deficits both times.
- World Series were pushed to within their last strike in the ninth and 10th innings only to come back and erase two-run deficits both times.
- World Series MVP were pushed to within their last strike in the ninth and 10th innings only to come back and erase two-run deficits both times.
=====
Cardinals were pushed to within their last strike in the ninth and 10th innings only to come back and erase two-run deficits both times.
By Sarah Bull and Mark Duell Last updated at 2:50 PM on 27th February 2012 Hollywood actress Sean Young spent four hours in a police station after allegedly fighting with a security guard at an Oscars party last night. The 52-year-old star, who hasn't been in a major film since 2008, is said to have argued with a guard at the Governor's Ball in Los Angeles. She was placed under citizens' arrest by another member of the security team then taken away by police and booked for battery. Scroll down for video Film star: Sean Young, 52, allegedly argued with a guard at the Governor's Ball, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences official party
Young said she was 'carted off to spend four hours at the Hollywood police', adding 'shame on you (the
OPTIONS:
- Academy) for that.'
- Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences) for that.'
- Blade Runner) for that.'
- Governor's Ball) for that.'
- Hollywood) for that.'
- Jennifer Aniston) for that.'
- L.A.) for that.'
- Los Angeles) for that.'
- Mark Duell) for that.'
- Oscars) for that.'
- Sarah Bull) for that.'
- Sean Young) for that.'
- Vanity Fair) for that.'
- Young) for that.'
=====
Academy) for that.'
By Beth Stebner PUBLISHED: 10:24 EST, 19 February 2013 | UPDATED: 11:42 EST, 19 February 2013 A widow who lost her husband to cancer three years ago is now fighting a battle with Hallmark to create end-of-life sympathy cards. Activist and artist Regina Holliday has been petitioning for the immensely popular card company to create a line of hospice cards that are meant to say goodbye to friends, loved ones, and acquaintances. Though the greeting card company has plenty of ‘Get Well Soon’ cards and sympathy cards if the worst should happen, there are no cards specifically designed for someone in terminal care.
Available options now: Two current options from Hallmark's '
OPTIONS:
- Beth Stebner' section, neither of which Mrs Holliday believes appropriate for a person who is terminally ill
- Fred' section, neither of which Mrs Holliday believes appropriate for a person who is terminally ill
- Get Well Soon' section, neither of which Mrs Holliday believes appropriate for a person who is terminally ill
- Hallmark' section, neither of which Mrs Holliday believes appropriate for a person who is terminally ill
- Regina Holliday' section, neither of which Mrs Holliday believes appropriate for a person who is terminally ill
=====
| Get Well Soon' section, neither of which Mrs Holliday believes appropriate for a person who is terminally ill |
The '80s' "important role" in the family has also meant a greater concentration and focus on the individual. And, it has made the word "me" one of the most frequently used words. Everything seems to be about "me". This generation has a greater awareness of itself. Some people do not seem to agree that all this is self-centred. When Cai Fuchao, prefix = st1 /Beijing's publicity head, was asked to comment on the lack of responsibility of university students during the SARS period, his reply was: "Modern university students are ambitious, knowledgeable and have a very strong sense of responsibility to the society." As news analyst from sina.com, Pan Fengliang, echoed that, saying that blindly blaming them(for running away during the SARS outbreak)was prejudiced and unfair and not backed with evidence. No doubt, the development of information technology has contributed its bit to broadening, or bending, the minds of the 80s generation. Some people even call Gen'80 "the E-generation". They get in touch with each other via email, QQ, ICQ and MSN. While the people of the '60s and '70s swarmed to Shanghai to catch Luo Dayou, Gen'80s were on the BBS saying that it was "really dumb". "The internet is so much more to those of the '80s than you can imagine," said Wu Junyong, an IT engineer who was born in 1978. In Wu's opinion, it's the Internet that separates the 70s from the 80s, "Many of the'70s don't see why those from the '80s can spend everyday in front of a computer." A new weekly Magazine/163.com survey last year found that 40 percent of the 7,000 people surveyed, born in the '80s, thought the computer was the most important article in life; more than 70 percent of their parents preferred the home. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A) The development of information technology contributed to the '80s'greater awareness of itself. B) The E-generation rushed to Shanghaito catch Luo Dayou. C) All the '80s can spend every day in front of a computer. D) Not all people think that the "born in the 1980s" are selfish and irresponsible.
D
Have you ever heard of blogs ? If you haven't, you should have. It's here, it's growing and it's having an influence on our life. Surf the Internet and you'll find blogs everywhere. A blog, shortened from "weblog", is a public Internet journal written by one person or a group of people. It is a website in which a person or a group can place news, personal thoughts, text, photos, video or audio files, or links upon which visitors can comment. A blog lets you post on the Internet without having to know web design or be technical. You are given an environment to make dated entries on the topic of your choice which are "published", so other people can read them. Authoring a blog, maintaining a blog or adding an article to an existing blog is called "blogging". Blogging has revolutionized Internet publishing in the last several years because it gives everyone with Internet access the opportunity to become an online writer. Objects, such as "text and photos" in a blog can be called "blog posts", "posts", or "entries". The person who posts these entries is called a "blogger". Now, somewhere around the world, a blog is created almost every 6 seconds. Because it's great potential, Bill Gates views it as important as e-mail, BBS, and MSN. He's trying to make blogs the important tools for future business communications. According to the passage, the reason why blogs are so popular is that they _ . A) give everyone the chance to be an online writer B) can be created by people without much knowledge of computer technology C) enable a blogger to place news, personal thoughts, text and photos and give comments D) all of the above
D
I had the meanest mother in the world.While other kids ate candy for breakfast.I had to have cereal, eggs and toast.Others had cakes and candy for lunch, while we had to eat a sandwich.As you can guess, my supper was different from the other kids'.But at least I was not alone in my suffering.My sister and two brothers had the same mean mother as I did. My mother insisted on knowing where we were at all times.She had to know who our friends were and what we were doing.We had to wear clean clothes every day.Other kids always wore their clothes for days. We reached the height of disgrace because she made our clothes herself, just to save money. The worst is yet to come.We had to be in bed by 9:00 each night and up at 7:45 the next morning.So while my friends slept, my mother actually had the courage to break Child Labor Law.She made us work. I believed she lay awake all night thinking up mean things to do to us.Through the years, our friends' report cards had beautiful colors on them, black for passing, red for failing.My mother, however, would only be satisfied with black marks.None of us was allowed the pleasure of being a dropout . She forced us to grow up into educated and honest adults.Using this as a background, I'm now trying to bring up my three children.I'm filled with pride when my children think I am mean because now I thank God every day for giving me the meanest mother in the world. It can be inferred from the passage that _ . A) the writer's family lived a miserable life B) all the other kids studied better than the writer C) Mother was punished for breaking the Labor Law D) the writer worked hard and usually got good grades in studies
| D |
Phone call:
+Who won the 2015 Guildford Borough Council election?
+ | Conservatives Richard Billington and David Wright were re-elected with a 799 majority over the Greenbelt candidate in third place. |
OCR (Optical Character Recognition) fonts are used for several purposes when automated systems need a standard character shape defined to properly scan numbers and text without the use of bar codes.
Please remove spaces between words. | OCR(OpticalCharacterRecognition)fontsareusedforseveralpurposeswhenautomatedsystemsneedastandardcharactershapedefinedtoproperlyscannumbersandtextwithouttheuseofbarcodes. |
American Airlines Flight 11: FAA Awareness. Although the Boston Center air traffic controller realized at an early stage that there was something wrong with American 11, he did not immediately interpret the plane's failure to respond as a sign that it had been hijacked. At 8:14, when the flight failed to heed his instruction to climb to 35,000 feet, the controller repeatedly tried to raise the flight. He reached out to the pilot on the emergency frequency. Though there was no response, he kept trying to contact the aircraft. At 8:21, American 11 turned off its transponder, immediately degrading the information available about the aircraft. The controller told his supervisor that he thought something was seriously wrong with the plane, although neither suspected a hijacking. The supervisor instructed the controller to follow standard procedures for handling a "no radio" aircraft. The controller checked to see if American Airlines could establish communication with American 11. He became even more concerned as its route changed, moving into another sector's airspace. Controllers immediately began to move aircraft out of its path, and asked other aircraft in the vicinity to look for American 11. At 8:24:38, the following transmission came from American 11: American 11: We have some planes. Just stay quiet, and you'll be okay. We are returning to the airport. The controller only heard something unintelligible; he did not hear the specific words "we have some planes." The next transmission came seconds later: American 11: Nobody move. Everything will be okay. If you try to make any moves, you'll endanger yourself and the airplane.
According to the above paragraph, the correct answer to the question "At what point was there communication established with American 11 and was said?" is "In the afternoon, they said the plane had been hijacked"? | no |
Select from options: Continue writing the next sentence.
How to play softball
Know the difference between softball and baseball.
Softball and baseball are variations of the same game. The primary difference is that a softball is pitched underhand, while a baseball is pitched overhand.
OPT: (A). A baseball has an underhand--decide why you want to play the game. If one of you wants to play the softball game, then you will go first.; (B). Softball positions do not play softball at all. It is a multi-purpose club meant to return players in a teamwork manner.; (C). As the name implies, there is also a difference in the balls used. Softballs are larger and a bit heavier than baseballs.; (D). Baseball means softball is pitched underhand, but the softball runs under the circle of the american league university. Either way, softball such as softball is played underhand, not underhand.;
Answer: | (C). |
Teacher: In this task, you will be shown a correct English sentence. You need to generate an incorrect form of the input sentence.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example:
Students shouldn't work multiple full-time jobs.
Solution: Student's shouldn't work many full-time jobs.
Reason: The possessive form is not correct in this instance and many should be multiple.
Now, solve this instance: But in general , lies do not last very long .
Student: | But in general , lies do not last very long . |
In this task, you are given a question. You have to answer the question based on your information.
Q: Terrible Terry McGovern, was an American professional boxer who held the World Bantamweight and Featherweight Championships, Featherweight is a weight class in the combat sports of boxing, kickboxing, mixed martial arts, and which style of wrestling?
A: | Greco-Roman |
Q: A question is presented to you in this task, and your job is to write a potentially correct answer.
what role did frederick douglass play in the abolition movement?
A: | American Equal Rights Association |
In this task, you will be presented with a passage and have to answer a question based on your understanding of the events inferred from the passage. Among the entities, try to find the best entity that is most likely to fill in "_" and classify the answers based on options.
Manny Pacquiao is training harder than ever as he prepares for his $300million fight against Floyd Mayweather Jnr in May. The Filipino star posted more videos on Instagram from his Los Angeles training camp on Wednesday as he starts to spend more time in the gym in the run-up to the bout. Pacquiao showed off his hand speed inside the ring and out, dancing about and throwing punches before working on the speed ball. VIDEO: Scroll down to watch videos of Manny Pacquiao training for Mayweather fight Manny Pacquiao takes to the ring in his Los Angeles gym to show off his speed of movementFilipino fighter shows off impressive hand-speed during training sessionManny Pacquiao training in LA ahead of $300m Floyd Mayweather boutPacquiao will complete his training at Freddie Roach's Wild Card GymRoach says his fighter must not get distracted by Mayweather's trash-talkMayweather shared pictures as he continued his preparations for the fight
Questions:_ also posted a message for his fans as he ups the intensity with the fight just two months away. (A) Manny Pacquiao (B) Floyd Mayweather Jnr (C) Filipino (D) Instagram (E) Los Angeles (F) Mayweather (G) LA (H) Floyd Mayweather (I) Freddie Roach (J) Wild Card Gym (K) Roach | (A) |
Imagine you are standing in a farm field in central Illinois. The land is so flat you can see for miles and miles. On a clear day, you might see a grain silo 20 miles away. You might think to yourself, it sure is flat around here. If you drive one hundred miles to the south, the landscape changes. In southern Illinois, there are rolling hills. Why do you think this is? What could have caused these features? There are no big rivers that may have eroded and deposited this material. The ground is capable of supporting grass and trees, so wind erosion would not explain it. To answer the question, you need to go back 12,000 years. Around 12,000 years ago, a giant ice sheet covered much of the Midwest United States. Springfield, Illinois, was covered by over a mile of ice. Its hard to imagine a mile thick sheet of ice. The massive ice sheet, called a glacier, caused the features on the land you see today. Where did glaciers go? Where can you see them today? Glaciers are masses of flowing ice.
What is the landscape in the Illinois farmlands?
Milwaukee, Wisconsin (CNN) -- President Barack Obama, in a bid to create jobs and boost economic growth, called on Congress on Monday to pass a $50 billion plan to renew the country's transportation infrastructure. His address was the first of two speeches the president is scheduled to make this week to frame his administration's ongoing response to the recession, less than two months ahead of midterm elections in which Democratic majorities in the House and Senate are in jeopardy. "Today, I am announcing a new plan for rebuilding and modernizing America's roads, and rails and runways for the long term," said Obama, who spoke on Labor Day in Milwaukee, Wisconsin -- a state with competitive gubernatorial and U.S. Senate races. "We used to have the best infrastructure in the world. We can have it again," he said to loud cheers from a crowd of union workers. The proposal envisions -- over a six year period -- rebuilding 150,000 miles of roads, 4,000 miles of rail and 150 miles of airport runways. It also would include modernizing the nation's air traffic control system in an effort to reduce delays and travel time. "This will not only create jobs immediately. It's also going to make our economy hum over the long haul," said the president. Obama hopes to work with Congress to enact an up-front investment of $50 billion -- an amount a White House statement said would represent a significant chunk of new spending on infrastructure. The investment would then be paired with what the administration called a framework to improve transportation spending. The long-term plan would include the establishment of an Infrastructure Bank, which would leverage federal dollars and focus on projects that could deliver the the biggest bang for the buck, Obama said. The president stressed the need for Democrats and Republicans to work together on the transportation initiative, which would need to be approved by Congress.
What did the president say would be two significant benefits of spending to rebuild many miles of roads, railways, and runways?
Greta ran to the corner with her older brother Tony. He had money for the ice cream truck in his pocket and she was very happy. The ice cream truck had been parked at the curb waiting for children for a very long time. The ice cream truck driver thought that no more children were coming to get ice cream so he started pulling away from the curb when they got to the corner. They yelled. They screamed, "Stop! Stop!" and jumped up and down on the side walk trying to get him to see them. The driver of the truck saw them, waved at them and smiled, pulled back to the curb and opened his truck up so that they could see everything that he had for sale. They were so excited. They saw some new treats. Tony wanted to try something new. He got an ice cream sundae with chocolate ice cream and nuts. He almost got a snow cone. Greta looked at everything that the ice cream truck had. She saw candy, ice cream cones, snow cones, and everything else. It all looked so good. But after looking at everything, she wanted to get an ice cream sandwich. She got the ice cream sandwich. She bit into it and smiled. It tasted so good. She felt so happy. Her brother, Tony, was happy too. He bit into his ice cream cone sundae and grinned. They walked home with their ice cream and told their mom about how close they came to not getting their ice cream at all. Their mom was happy that the truck had stopped for them. She said that they were very lucky to have gotten to the curb before the ice cream truck left.
| Who chose an ice cream sandwich? |
Here is a question about this article: In 1969 the Cubs, managed by Leo Durocher, built a substantial lead in the newly created National League Eastern Division by mid-August. Ken Holtzman pitched a no-hitter on August 19, and the division lead grew to 8 1⁄2 games over the St. Louis Cardinals and by 9 1⁄2 games over the New York Mets. After the game of September 2, the Cubs record was 84-52 with the Mets in second place at 77-55. But then a losing streak began just as a Mets winning streak was beginning. The Cubs lost the final game of a series at Cincinnati, then came home to play the resurgent Pittsburgh Pirates (who would finish in third place). After losing the first two games by scores of 9-2 and 13-4, the Cubs led going into the ninth inning. A win would be a positive springboard since the Cubs were to play a crucial series with the Mets the very next day. But Willie Stargell drilled a 2-out, 2-strike pitch from the Cubs' ace reliever, Phil Regan, onto Sheffield Avenue to tie the score in the top of the ninth. The Cubs would lose 7-5 in extra innings. Burdened by a four-game losing streak, the Cubs traveled to Shea Stadium for a short two-game set. The Mets won both games, and the Cubs left New York with a record of 84-58 just 1⁄2 game in front. Disaster followed in Philadelphia, as a 99 loss Phillies team nonetheless defeated the Cubs twice, to extend Chicago's losing streak to eight games. In a key play in the second game, on September 11, Cubs starter Dick Selma threw a surprise pickoff attempt to third baseman Ron Santo, who was nowhere near the bag or the ball. Selma's throwing error opened the gates to a Phillies rally. After that second Philly loss, the Cubs were 84-60 and the Mets had pulled ahead at 85-57. The Mets would not look back. The Cubs' eight-game losing streak finally ended the next day in St. Louis, but the Mets were in the midst of a ten-game winning streak, and the Cubs, wilting from team fatigue, generally deteriorated in all phases of the game. The Mets (who had lost a record 120 games 7 years earlier), would go on to win the World Series. The Cubs, despite a respectable 92-70 record, would be remembered for having lost a remarkable 17½ games in the standings to the Mets in the last quarter of the season.
What is the answer to this question: Who threw a surprise pickoff attempt to third baseman Ron Santo?
****
So... Dick Selma
The problem: Answer a question about this article:
Still, advancing technology and medicine has had a great impact even in the Global South. Large-scale industry and more centralized media made brutal dictatorships possible on an unprecedented scale in the middle of the century, leading to wars that were also unprecedented. However, the increased communications contributed to democratization. Technological developments included the development of airplanes and space exploration, nuclear technology, advancement in genetics, and the dawning of the Information Age.
What did increased communications lead contribute to?
****
The answer: democratization
Problem: Please answer a question about the following article about Communication:
Communication is observed within the plant organism, i.e. within plant cells and between plant cells, between plants of the same or related species, and between plants and non-plant organisms, especially in the root zone. Plant roots communicate with rhizome bacteria, fungi, and insects within the soil. These interactions are governed by syntactic, pragmatic, and semantic rules,[citation needed] and are possible because of the decentralized "nervous system" of plants. The original meaning of the word "neuron" in Greek is "vegetable fiber" and recent research has shown that most of the microorganism plant communication processes are neuron-like. Plants also communicate via volatiles when exposed to herbivory attack behavior, thus warning neighboring plants. In parallel they produce other volatiles to attract parasites which attack these herbivores. In stress situations plants can overwrite the genomes they inherited from their parents and revert to that of their grand- or great-grandparents.[citation needed]
How do plants communicate to warn nearby plants of danger?
A: via volatiles
Question: Read this and answer the question
As the Reformers wanted all members of the church to be able to read the Bible, education on all levels got a strong boost. By the middle of the eighteenth century, the literacy rate in England was about 60 per cent, in Scotland 65 per cent, and in Sweden eight of ten men and women were able to read and to write. Colleges and universities were founded. For example, the Puritans who established Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1628 founded Harvard College only eight years later. About a dozen other colleges followed in the 18th century, including Yale (1701). Pennsylvania also became a centre of learning.
In the middle of the eighteenth century, how many Swedes could read and write?
Answer: eight of ten men and women
Problem: In the general election, against the advice of his advisors, Eisenhower insisted on campaigning in the South, refusing to surrender the region to the Democratic Party. The campaign strategy, dubbed "K1C2", was to focus on attacking the Truman and Roosevelt administrations on three issues: Korea, Communism and corruption. In an effort to accommodate the right, he stressed that the liberation of Eastern Europe should be by peaceful means only; he also distanced himself from his former boss President Truman.
How did Eisenhower claim Eastern Europe should be liberated?
The answer is the following: peaceful means
Input: Article: The Bamar form an estimated 68% of the population. 10% of the population are Shan. The Kayin make up 7% of the population. The Rakhine people constitute 4% of the population. Overseas Chinese form approximately 3% of the population. Myanmar's ethnic minority groups prefer the term "ethnic nationality" over "ethnic minority" as the term "minority" furthers their sense of insecurity in the face of what is often described as "Burmanisation"—the proliferation and domination of the dominant Bamar culture over minority cultures.
Now answer this question: What is the smallest percentage of the Burmese populace ?
Output: | Overseas Chinese form approximately 3% of the population |
In this task, you will be presented with a context passage, a question about that paragraph, and a possible answer to that question. The task is to check the validity of the answer. Answer with "Yes" or "No".
In 1863, Alexander II re-convened the Diet of Finland and initiated several reforms increasing Finland's autonomy from Russia including establishment of its own currency, the markka. Liberation of business led to increased foreign investment and industrial development. Finland also got its first railways, separately established under Finnish administration. Finally, the elevation of Finnish from a language of the common people to a national language equal to Swedish opened opportunities for a larger proportion of the society. Alexander II is still regarded as "The Good Tsar" in Finland. These reforms could be seen as results of a genuine belief that reforms were easier to test in an underpopulated, homogeneous country, than in the whole of Russia. They may also be seen as a reward for the loyalty of its relatively western-oriented population during the Crimean War and during the Polish uprising. Encouraging Finnish nationalism and language can also be seen as an attempt to dilute ties with Sweden. <sep>In what ways did Alexander ll encourage Finland's growth?<sep>By initiating several reforms increasing Finland's autonomy from Russia | Yes |
Write the next sentence in this paragraph:
How to diagnose progressive aphasia
Watch for speech problems that get worse over time.
Progressive aphasia is when you lose your skills and abilities associated with language and communication over time, in a way that exceeds a natural age-related decline. If you aren't already aware of changes in your communication abilities, be on the lookout for :
Language abilities that become more and more impaired with time.
OPTIONS: (a). Your words becomes more and more difficult, so your voice becomes harder and stricter in conversation. Your speech becomes more " breakable " with repetition.. (b). Weak interflow patterns in the language or the language you understand. Difficulty fitting with living situations, manners, and speech.. (c). For example, impaired speech will only evolve with age, rather than over time. Speech will not be affected by hearing or memory, for example.. (d). Problems with written language in addition to spoken language. Difficulty " finding " words (i.e.. | (d). |
Transfer from Santander SDR airport to Santillana del Mar
Add punctuation | Transfer from Santander (SDR) airport to Santillana del Mar |
Fill in the response. Convo: [-] What happened in 1992 with WKAV? [-] Top-40 radio would not return to the market until the launch of WHTE-FM (101.9 MHz) in 2001. [-] Are there any other interesting aspects about this article? [-] Charlottesville Broadcasting Corporation, longtime owners of WINA (1070 kHz) and WQMZ (95.1 MHz), purchased WKAV in 1993 and flipped it to adult standards. [-] What happened in 1998? [-] Charlottesville Broadcasting merged with Eure Communications, which owned WWWV (97.5 kHz) and WCHV (1260 kHz), in 1998. [-] What did that lead to? [-] | Ownership concentration concerns from the Department of Justice forced the new company to divest the two least-valuable properties, WCHV and WKAV. |
Write the conversation that led to this response. In meetings, a toastmaster typically addresses the audience from behind a dais or from a podium.
****
Conversation:
DIALOG:
What is the difference between a toastmaster and a club president?
- Toastmaster Toastmaster is a general term, prevalent in the United States in the middle 20th century, referring to a person in charge of the proceedings of a public speaking event.
- Who is the leader of the group?
- The toastmaster is typically charged with organization of the event, arranging the order of speakers, introducing one or more of the speakers, and keeping the event on schedule.
- What event or meeting is the leader arranging?
- Such meetings typically include civic events, service organization meetings, and banquets of various purpose.
- Where does the leader speak to the group from?
-
Write the conversation that led to this response. Marie-Thérèse Bourquin Marie-Thérèse Bourquin (7 March 1916 – 5 December 2018) was a Belgian lawyer and the first female member of the Belgian Council of State.
****
Conversation:
DIALOG:
What is the name of Marie-Thérèse Bourquin?
-
Write the conversation that led to this response. 2015–16 Macedonian Handball Super League The 2015–16 Macedonian Handball Super League (known as the "VIP Super Liga" for sponsorship reasons) was the 24th season of the Super League, Macedonia's premier Handball league.
****
Conversation:
DIALOG:
What is the Macedonian Handball Super League?
-
Write the conversation that led to this response. Kirsten offers to help edit her article.
****
Conversation:
| DIALOG:
What happens at the end of Set It Up?
- Kirsten realizes it's true and breaks up with Rick.
- What happens after she breaks up with Rick?
- Harper goes through a crisis but eventually decides to start writing again.
- What happens after Harper starts writing again?
- Charlie is approached by Rick who asks for his help reuniting with his ex-wife whom he actually still cares for.
- How does Charlie respond to Rick?
- Charlie turns over a folder he has on Rick's ex-wife.
- Is that all that happens at the end of the movie?
- Kirsten calls Harper to her office to hire her back, but Harper refuses, telling her she needs to focus on her writing.
- What happens after she refuses?
- |
The Kerala Film Critics Association is an organization of film critics from Kerala, India. The association was founded in 1977 when a group of film journalists met at the behest of K. Aniyan, and Baby. It presents the Kerala Film Critics Association Awards each year to honour the finest achievements in filmmaking.
K. Aniyan, and Baby requested the formation of The Kerala Film Critics Association.
A: Yes
The Whitewater controversy, Whitewater scandal (or simply Whitewater), was an American political episode of the 1990s that began with an investigation into the real estate investments of Bill and Hillary Clinton and their associates, Jim McDougal and Susan McDougal, in the Whitewater Development Corporation, a failed business venture in the 1970s and 1980s.
The Whitewater controversy was an american politcal episode of the 1990's that began with investigations into two democratic political figures.
A: Yes
Eme 15 is the self-titled debut studio album by Mexican-Argentine pop band, Eme 15. The album was released in Mexico and Latin America on June 26, 2012 through Warner Music México, and features songs from the Nickelodeon Latin America and Televisa musical television series, Miss XV.
Eme 14 was released in Mexico and Latin America on June 26, 2012 through Warner Music México, and features songs from the Nickelodeon Latin America and Televisa musical television series, Miss XV.
A: | No |
See the conversation examples, and predict the next turn. DIALOG:
pacifism and tax resistance are closely related to each other how did the quakers and the tax resisters movement differ?
- The theory that taxpayers become complicit in the actions of their government when they pay for the government's functioning and requisitions through their taxes, and that therefore one must scrutinize the actions of the government and refuse to pay for them if they become grossly immoral, is key to the war tax resistance practiced by American Quakers since colonial times.
- were they successful in their tax resistance?
- It also forms an important philosophical basis for other religious and secular American war tax resisters down to the present day.
- Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?
- War tax resisters in the United States pioneered the idea that conscientious objection to military taxation ought to be a legally protected right: that is, taxpayers who are morally opposed to taking part in war should not be forced to fund war, just as governments often permit such people to avoid military conscription.
- did they face any consequences for their tax resistance?
- This theory has been extended by people who oppose other aspects of government funding.
- what other aspects of the theory are being used?
- A few have refused to pay taxes on the grounds that some government health spending goes to institutions that provide abortions.
- are there any other groups using tax resistance?
-
A number of Amish people refused to pay taxes for government social insurance programs on conscientious grounds.
See the conversation examples, and predict the next turn. DIALOG:
What is the difference between Florida State Road 858 and nearby roads?
- Florida State Road 858 State Road 858 (SR 858), known locally as Hallandale Beach Boulevard, is a long divided highway in southern Broward County, Florida.
- Where does the road end?
- Its western terminus is an intersection with US 441 (SR 7) at the border between Miramar and West Park; its eastern terminus is an intersection with South Ocean Drive (SR A1A) on the boundary between Hallandale Beach and Hollywood, just east of the Intracoastal Waterway.
- What city does the road pass through?
- SR 858 is the latitudinal baseline for Hallandale Beach's street grid.
- Where does the road start?
-
State Road 858 begins at the eastern end of the intersection between US 441 (State Road 7), with Miramar Parkway to the west and Hallandale Beach Boulevard to the east at the border between Miramar and West Park. SR 858 takes Hallandale Beach Boulevard east into West Park as a mostly commercial road.
See the conversation examples, and predict the next turn. DIALOG:
What do you know about Omoglymmius consors?
-
| Omoglymmius consors Omoglymmius consors is a species of beetle in the subfamily Rhysodidae. |
In this task, you will be presented with a passage and have to answer a question based on your understanding of the events inferred from the passage. Try to find the best answer that is most likely to fill in "_". Note that the URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].
A British man who spent five months fighting against ISIS in Syria has been banned from giving a speech at his old university over fears he encourages others to travel to the region. Macer Gifford, 28, fought with the Kurdish group YPG and was due to give a talk on Tuesday at top London university UCL, organised by Kurdish Society president Kava Kurda. But Union Activities and Events Officer, Asad Khan, said the decision was due to 'concerns an event with a person speaking about their experiences fighting in Syria could lead to others going and fighting in the conflict'.Macer Gifford, 28, fought with the Kurdish group YPG in Northern SyriaHe was due to give a talk about the conflict at UCL on TuesdayHis talk was aiming to 'shine a light' on the ongoing conflict with ISISBut student union chief Asad Khan stopped the event from happeningFor full news coverage on ISIS visit [Link]
Question:'In absence of advice from the police, _ indicated that their preference would be to not invite Mr Gifford to speak on this occasion, although the final decision rested with us.'
UCL
The number of immigrants from Africa and the Caribbean has been increasing in recent years and they now account for almost ten per cent of the overall black population in the United States. Foreign-born blacks made up just 3.1 per cent of the black population in 1980, but they accounted for 8.7 per cent of that group in 2013, according to a report from the Pew Research Center. With 3.8 million foreign-born blacks already living in the United States, the center estimates 16.5 per cent of the US black population will be comprised of immigrants by 2060. The nearly 586,000 Haitians (above) in the US account for about 15 per cent of the black immigrant populationForeign-born blacks made up 3.1 per cent of the black population in 1980That number has been on rise and they were 8.7 per cent of group in 2013Majority of immigrants are from Jamaica, Haiti, Ethiopia and NigeriaBlack immigrants more likely to have college degree and have a higher income and are less likely to live in poverty than the US-born populationForeign-born blacks are now large part of population in NYC, DC and Miami
Question:Immigrants from Jamaica (above) and _ make up approximately a third of the foreign-born black population.
Haitians
A lorry driver who killed a 70-year-old man in a motorway pile-up after he fell asleep at the wheel has been jailed. Piotr Trojanowski, 41, crashed into the back of a van on the M5 near Burnham-on-Sea, Somerset, ramming the vehicle into another lorry in front. The driver of the van, John Horton, was killed instantly in the October 2013 smash. Shortly after the crash, Trojanowski told a witness, 'my boss is going to kill me. I think I fell asleep', the court heard. Trojanowski, of Yeovil, Somerset, was jailed for four-and-a-half years after being found guilty of causing death by dangerous driving following a trial at Bristol Crown Court.Lorry driver Piotr Trojanowski, 41, crashed into the back of a van on the M5He rammed the vehicle into another lorry, killing van driver John Horton, 70Trojanowski was jailed for four-and-a-half years at Bristol Crown Court
Question:A crash investigation revealed _ pulled up his lorry from 90kph to 1kph in 11 seconds, compared to the Argos lorry decelerating from 85kph to 1kph in 42 seconds.
| Piotr Trojanowski
|
In this task you will be given an answer to a question. You need to generate a question. The answer given should be a correct answer for the generated question.
--------
Question: Not all nation states have codified constitutions, though all such states have a jus commune, or law of the land, that may consist of a variety of imperative and consensual rules. These may include customary law, conventions, statutory law, judge-made law, or international rules and norms. Constitutional law deals with the fundamental principles by which the government exercises its authority. In some instances, these principles grant specific powers to the government, such as the power to tax and spend for the welfare of the population. Other times, constitutional principles act to place limits on what the government can do, such as prohibiting the arrest of an individual without sufficient cause.
Answer: what is the difference between common law statutory law and constitutional law
Question: In electronics, a logic gate is an idealized or physical device implementing a Boolean function; that is, it performs a logical operation on one or more binary inputs and produces a single binary output. Depending on the context, the term may refer to an ideal logic gate, one that has for instance zero rise time and unlimited fan-out, or it may refer to a non-ideal physical device (see Ideal and real op-amps for comparison).
Answer: how logic gates are controlled by boolean logic
Question: Just like other affines, or 'in-laws', siblings-in-law are related by a type of kinship called affinity. Just like the children of one's siblings, the children of one's siblings-in-law are called simply nieces and nephews -- if necessary, specified whether 'by marriage', as opposed to 'by blood' or 'by adoption'.
Answer: | who is your sister inlaws daughter to you
|
Given a text, write a compressed version of it in a single sentence.
Example Input: Second, if federal budget surpluses are achieved, in part, through higher taxes, those higher taxes reduce households' disposable personal income. As discussed in section 1, disposable personal income is the after-tax personal income (including government transfer payments) available for households' consumption and saving.
Example Output: If federal budget surpluses are achieved, through higher taxes, those higher taxes reduce households' disposable personal income. Disposable personal income is the after-tax personal income available for households' consumption and saving.
Example Input: They bombed the Bogota offices last month, destroying its computer and causing $2.5 million in damage.
Example Output: The bombing of Bogota offices destroyed a computer and caused 2.5m in damage
Example Input: The best items to look for include fashionable clothing, shoes, and leather products; antiques; books (Barcelona is the publishing capital of Spain); high-tech design, home furnishings, and objets d'art; and music.
Example Output: | The best items to look for include clothing, shoes, and leather products; antiques; books; high-tech design, home furnishings, and objects d'rt; music
|
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you will be presented with a passage and have to answer a question based on your understanding of the events inferred from the passage. Try to find the best answer that is most likely to fill in "_". Note that the URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].
Q: (CNN) Before "Roots" premiered on the History Channel Memorial Day, there was plenty of discussion among fans about whether there should be a remake of the iconic miniseries. Even rapper T.I., who has a role in the series as a slave named "Cyrus," told the Huffington Post that he was initially leery. "I will admit that I was one of the ones to say, 'Man, I don't know if that needs to be remade,'" he said. "It was just a huge undertaking for him as a producer and for me as an actor to sign up to remake such a classic and to tell a story that has so much pain and just so much turmoil involved in it."The original series aired in 1977Opinions on the first installment varied widely
Question:So it's no surprise that after the initial airing on Monday, there were some cheers and jeers about the rebooted "_."
A: | Roots |
In this task, you are given a passage and a question regarding that passage. You must determine whether or not the question is answerable from the given passage. If a question is answerable, output should be 'True', otherwise 'False'. You must not consider any other information that is not provided in the passage while labelling True or False.
Passage: Overactive immune responses comprise the other end of immune dysfunction, particularly the autoimmune disorders. Here, the immune system fails to properly distinguish between self and non-self, and attacks part of the body. Under normal circumstances, many T cells and antibodies react with "self" peptides. One of the functions of specialized cells (located in the thymus and bone marrow) is to present young lymphocytes with self antigens produced throughout the body and to eliminate those cells that recognize self-antigens, preventing autoimmunity. Question: What disorder causes the immune system to distinguish between self and non-self? | False |
About to Crack is the fifth studio album by Dutch punk hardcore band Vitamin X. Released through Tankcrimes on September 11, 2012 in the US, Agipunk in Europe and Peculio Discos in Brazil. The album was recorded at Electrical Audio in Chicago by Steve Albini who previously recorded Nirvana, Neurosis, PJ Harvey, High on Fire, Iggy Pop & The Stooges. Art is by John Dyer Baizley.
Vitamin X recorded "About to Crack" as a live album. OPTIONS:
- Yes
- It's impossible to say
- No
A: No
Brofiscin Quarry, Groes Faen is a disused limestone quarry in Groes-faen, near Llantrisant in South Wales. It has been designated a Site of Special Scientific Interest due to the exposed Early Carboniferous geological formations on the site. It was used for about seven years for dumping of toxic waste including PCBs and was capped in 2011.
The quarry is a site known to contain coal, lapis lazuli, carboniferous geological formations, and lime stone. The PCBs were added to the site as part of a government coverup. OPTIONS:
- Yes
- It's impossible to say
- No
A: It's impossible to say
George Jacob Gershwin ( ; September 26, 1898 July 11, 1937) was an American composer and pianist. Gershwin's compositions spanned both popular and classical genres, and his most popular melodies are widely known. Among his best-known works are the orchestral compositions "Rhapsody in Blue" (1924) and "An American in Paris" (1928) as well as the opera "Porgy and Bess" (1935).
"An American in Paris" by george gershwin is widely known. OPTIONS:
- Yes
- It's impossible to say
- No
A: | Yes |
By The Associated Press WASHINGTON (AP) — Trump affirms plan to deliver State of Union despite Pelosi’s request to postpone, says it would be ‘very sad’ to delay. Copyright © 2019 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This website is not intended for users located within the European Economic Area.
Pelosi’s request to postpone was not the first such request made.
A: It's impossible to say
Now, what happens is when you begin to get people covered like that -- for instance in diabetes, if you diagnose diabetes early, you could save $50 billion in the health care system of America by avoiding surgery and dialysis. It works. And I'm going to offer it to America.
Diagnosing diabetes early could save more than 20 billion dollars.
A: Yes
Rhododendron catawbiense, with common names Catawba rosebay, Catawba rhododendron, mountain rosebay, purple ivy, purple laurel, purple rhododendron, red laurel, rosebay, rosebay laurel, is a species of "Rhododendron" native to the eastern United States, growing mainly in the southern Appalachian Mountains from Virginia south to northern Alabama.
Rhododendron catawbiense goes by at least 7 other common names
A: | Yes |
A distinction is drawn in the US between professional doctorates and ``doctor's degree - research/scholarship'', with the latter being ``(a) Ph.D. or other doctor's degree that requires advanced work beyond the master's level, including the preparation and defense of a dissertation based on original research, or the planning and execution of an original project demonstrating substantial artistic or scholarly achievement.'' Internationally, US professional doctorates (which, unlike research doctorates, are not defined as requiring work beyond the master's level) are not generally considered to be doctoral level qualifications. The classification of ``Doctor's degree - other'' also exists for doctorates that do not meet the definition of either professional doctorates or research doctorates.
See options at the end. Can we conclude that is a professional degree higher than a phd?
Pick from:
[i] no
[ii] yes | [i] |
Q: Given a context passage, generate a question from the passage such that its answer is shortest continous span from the passage.
A study was carried out on 200 patients of ages 20-40 years suffering from acute viral hepatitis. Sera were tested for markers of hepatitis B (HBsAg, and IgM anti-HBc) and hepatitis A (IgM-anti-HAV) by the ELISA technique. Sera negative for the markers of both viruses: Hepatitis A (HAV) and Hepatitis B (HBV) were subsequently tested for IGM Heterophil antibodies against Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) by the Monospot slide test to diagnose acute infectious mononucleosis and tested for anti-CMV (IgM) by ELISA technique for the diagnosis of acute Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. Non-A, non-B hepatitis (NANB) was diagnosed by exclusion. The results of the study showed that 133 (66.5%) patients had evidence of HBV infection, while only 9(4.5%) were diagnosed as HAV infection. EBV and CMV were the possible etiological agents of acute viral hepatitis in (3.5%) and 1%) respectively. Accordingly the Non-A, non-B hepatitis in this study amounts to (24.5%) of the acute viral hepatitis.
A: | Which virus can be diagnosed with the monospot test? |
In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.
passage: The United States notably does not have one; the establishment of a national curriculum was explicitly banned in 1965, in the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. This act provided federal funding for primary and secondary education ('Title I funding') as part of President Lyndon B. Johnson's War on Poverty. However, most states in the United States voluntarily abide by the Common Core State Standards Initiative, which provides certain uniform standards, See Education in the United States.
question: is there a national curriculum in the us? | No |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task.
In this task you will be given an answer to a question. You need to generate a question. The answer given should be a correct answer for the generated question.
This list contains the top 25 accounts with the most followers on the social photo-sharing platform Instagram. As of May 2018, the most followed user is Instagram's own account, with over 235 million followers. Selena Gomez is the most followed individual, with over 137 million followers. Ten accounts have exceeded 100 million followers on the site.
Solution: who has the maximum number of followers on instagram
Why? The answer is talking about the Instagram accounts that have the most followers. The question asking about the maximum number of followers. So this is a good example.
New input: Ash Wednesday derives its name from the placing of repentance ashes on the foreheads of participants to either the words 'Repent, and believe in the Gospel' or the dictum 'Remember that you are dust, and to dust you shall return.' The ashes may be prepared by burning palm leaves from the previous year's Palm Sunday celebrations.
Solution: | where did they get the ashes for ash wednesday |
In this task, you are given a question and a context passage. You have to answer the question based on the given passage.
How were people ranked within a community?, Context: The original Latin word "universitas" refers in general to "a number of persons associated into one body, a society, company, community, guild, corporation, etc." At the time of the emergence of urban town life and medieval guilds, specialised "associations of students and teachers with collective legal rights usually guaranteed by charters issued by princes, prelates, or the towns in which they were located" came to be denominated by this general term. Like other guilds, they were self-regulating and determined the qualifications of their members. | they were self-regulating and determined the qualifications of their members |
What drinking vessel can overflow if filled with too much water?
Options:
- riverbed
- sewer
- drain
- creek
- glass Let's give stream of consciousness first: | A glass is a small vessel. If too much water is filled in the glass, due to its small capacity, water will overflow.
Therefore, the answer is glass. |
In this task, you are given a question and a context passage. You have to answer the question based on the given passage.
Input: Consider Input: A stance that places high national and religious significance on the State of Israel is called what?, Context: Modern Orthodoxy, as a stream of Orthodox Judaism represented by institutions such as the U.S. National Council for Young Israel, is pro-Zionist and thus places a high national, as well as religious, significance on the State of Israel, and its affiliates are, typically, Zionist in orientation. It also practices involvement with non-Orthodox Jews that extends beyond "outreach (Kiruv)" to continued institutional relations and cooperation; see further under Torah Umadda. Other "core beliefs" are a recognition of the value and importance of secular studies, a commitment to equality of education for both men and women, and a full acceptance of the importance of being able to financially support oneself and one's family.
Output: pro-Zionist
Input: Consider Input: What do you need to happen if you want the water in the water experiment to have a greater arc?, Context: Mach argued that, in effect, the water experiment in an otherwise empty universe would remain flat. But if another object were introduced into this universe, perhaps a distant star, there would now be something relative to which the bucket could be seen as rotating. The water inside the bucket could possibly have a slight curve. To account for the curve that we observe, an increase in the number of objects in the universe also increases the curvature in the water. Mach argued that the momentum of an object, whether angular or linear, exists as a result of the sum of the effects of other objects in the universe (Mach's Principle).
Output: an increase in the number of objects in the universe
Input: Consider Input: Why did broz return to omsk?, Context: After 13 months at the hospital, Broz was sent to a work camp in the Ural Mountains where prisoners selected him for their camp leader. In February 1917, revolting workers broke into the prison and freed the prisoners. Broz subsequently joined a Bolshevik group. In April 1917, he was arrested again but managed to escape and participate in the July Days demonstrations in Petrograd (St. Petersburg) on 16–17 July 1917. On his way to Finland, Broz was caught and imprisoned in the Peter and Paul Fortress for three weeks. He was again sent to Kungur, but escaped from the train. He hid with a Russian family in Omsk, Siberia where he met his future wife Pelagija Belousova. After the October Revolution, he joined a Red Guard unit in Omsk. Following a White counteroffensive, he fled to Kirgiziya and subsequently returned to Omsk, where he married Belousova. In the spring of 1918, he joined the Yugoslav section of the Russian Communist Party. By June of the same year, Broz left Omsk to find work and support his family, and was employed as a mechanic near Omsk for a year.
| Output: a White counteroffensive
|
Sierpe River (Spanish: "Rio Sierpe") is a river of Costa Rica. Boat traffic is common with both locals and tourists. A broad range of wildlife can be seen from the American Crocodile, various other reptile species, and exotic fish and birds. It joins the Rio Terraba.
Can we infer the following?
The Sierpe River can be a dangerous place to visit if you are not with an experienced guide.
[1]. Yes.
[2]. It's impossible to say.
[3]. No.
The answer is: | [2]. |
With the glasses you could not see to the horizon, but the lenses allowed you too, since the
lenses were optically strong.
Catherine liked to draw hearts more than she liked to draw cars because the
hearts are simple.
Jeffrey was a vegetarian, but Randy liked to eat beef.
| Randy ordered the steak for lunch. |
In this task, you are given an article. Your task is to summarize the article in a sentence.
Mark Arries, 26, from Blyth, and Edward Ide, 21, from Amble, died while the boat was moored in Whitby harbour in January 2014.
The men used a gas cooker for heating as they slept on the boat.
Timothy Bowman-Davies, of Haverfordwest in Pembrokeshire, admitted failing to ensure the boat was operated safely.
The 44-year-old also admitted failing to ensure equipment on the ship, called the Eshcol, was maintained efficiently
Read more about this and other stories from across Yorkshire
A trial of issue before a judge is being held at Leeds Crown Court to decide if he knew the crew were using the cooker for heating.
The two fishermen began work on the boat on 8 January 2014 and returned to Whitby in the early hours of 15 January.
Mr Bowman-Davies's son Jake, then 15, was working on one of the other boats and found the bodies of his colleagues.
"There was like a vapoury smoke, there was no air, that's how it felt," he told the court.
He found both men in their bunks and said the grill of the gas cooker had been on.
He denied earlier witness statements in which he told police he and and his father knew the cooker was being used as a heater in "short bursts", insisting neither were aware of the cooker being used as a heater.
The Marine Accident Investigation Branch found the boat had no carbon monoxide alarm, heaters did not work and the cooker had not been installed correctly.
It also found the management of the vessel was ineffective.
An inquest jury in 2014 returned verdicts of death by misadventure and the coroner also said he would be recommending that boats were fitted with alarms.
The hearing continues. | The owner of a fishing boat on which two men died from carbon monoxide poisoning has pleaded guilty to breaching safety laws. |
both versions include a leather headrest. the base is made of satin brushed stainless steel.
Repeat this setence, but with the correct capitalization. | Both versions include a leather headrest. The base is made of satin brushed stainless steel. |
When making a list what comes after the main item?
Options:
- minor
- impossibles
- secondary
- maintopmast
- peripheral Let's think step by step: | Main items are primary items the opposite of which is secondary items. Secondary means less important than main items. So, the answer is secondary. |
Input: See this dialog response. A 270-room extension was added in 1991 for a total of 927 rooms. What came before?
Came before: DIALOG:
What is the meaning of Casino Lisboa (Macau)?
- Casino Lisboa (Macau) Casino Lisboa () is a hotel casino in Sé, Macau, China.
- Who owns the casino?
- The casino is owned by the Sociedade de Turismo e Diversões de Macau (STDM), a Stanley Ho company.
- When was the casino built?
- This three-storey complex was built in late 1960s. . The original casino and the 12-storey round hotel tower were built in 1970 by Stanley Ho, Teddy Yip, Yip Hon and Henry Fok.
- Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?
-
Input: See this dialog response. A proposal to cut a canal across to shorten the sail to Islay and Jura has never progressed further. What came before?
Came before: DIALOG:
What kind of landscape does Tarbert, Kintyre have?
- The coast of Tarbert Bay is rocky and the cliffs are fringed with young firs, the village itself being an extremely tranquil and beautiful place.
- what is the village like?
- The parish church occupies a fine situation.
- Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?
- Overlooking the harbour are the ruins of a castle built by Robert I of Scotland in 1326.
- what is the bay like?
- The isthmus connecting the districts of Knapdale and Kintyre is little more than wide, and boats once used to be dragged across to the head of West Loch Tarbert, a narrow sea loch nearly long.
- are there any other interesting aspects about the bay?
-
Input: See this dialog response. This species looks quite similar to "Neope niphonica" and these two species were treated as one for a long time. What came before?
Came before: | DIALOG:
What is known about the species Neope goschkevitschii?
- Neope goschkevitschii Neope goschkevitschii is a Nymphalidae butterfly found in East Asia.
- Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?
- |
Given a context passage, generate a question from the passage such that its answer is shortest continous span from the passage.
Ex Input:
In eukaryotic cells, there are two sub-pathways of nucleotide excision repair (NER), the global genome (gg) NER and the transcription-coupled repair (TCR). TCR can preferentially remove the bulky DNA lesions located at the transcribed strand of a transcriptional active gene more rapidly than those at the untranscribed strand or overall genomic DNA. This strand-specific repair in a suitable restriction fragment is usually determined by alkaline gel electrophoresis followed by Southern blotting transfer and hybridization with an indirect end-labeled single-stranded probe. Here we describe a new method of TCR assay based on strand-specific-PCR (SS-PCR). Using this method, we have investigated the role of DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs), a member of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related protein kinases (PIKK) family, in the TCR pathway of UV-induced DNA damage. Although depletion of DNA-PKcs sensitized HeLa cells to UV radiation, it did not affect the ggNER efficiency of UV-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) damage. We postulated that DNA-PKcs may involve in the TCR process. To test this hypothesis, we have firstly developed a novel method of TCR assay based on the strand-specific PCR technology with a set of smart primers, which allows the strand-specific amplification of a restricted gene fragment of UV radiation-damaged genomic DNA in mammalian cells. Using this new method, we confirmed that siRNA-mediated downregulation of Cockayne syndrome B resulted in a deficiency of TCR of the UV-damaged dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) gene. In addition, DMSO-induced silencing of the c-myc gene led to a decreased TCR efficiency of UV radiation-damaged c-myc gene in HL60 cells. On the basis of the above methodology verification, we found that the depletion of DNA-PKcs mediated by siRNA significantly decreased the TCR capacity of repairing the UV-induced CPDs damage in DHFR gene in HeLa cells, indicating that DNA-PKcs may also be involved in the TCR pathway of DNA damage repair. By means of immunoprecipitation and MALDI-TOF-Mass spectrometric analysis, we have revealed the interaction of DNA-PKcs and cyclin T2, which is a subunit of the human transcription elongation factor (P-TEFb). While the P-TEFb complex can phosphorylate the serine 2 of the carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II and promote transcription elongation. A new method of TCR assay was developed based the strand-specific-PCR (SS-PCR). Our data suggest that DNA-PKcs plays a role in the TCR pathway of UV-damaged DNA. One possible mechanistic hypothesis is that DNA-PKcs may function through associating with CyclinT2/CDK9 (P-TEFb) to modulate the activity of RNA Pol II, which has already been identified as a key molecule recognizing and initializing TCR.
Ex Output:
Which gene strand is targeted by transcription-coupled repair (TCR)?
Ex Input:
The Battle of al-Qadisiyyah (Arabic: ; transliteration, Ma'rakatu al-Qadisiyyah; Persian: transliteration Nabard-e Qadesiyeh; alternative spellings: Qadisiyya, Qadisiyyah, Kadisiya, Ghadesiyeh), fought in 636, is said to be a decisive engagement between the Arab Muslim army and the Sassanid Persian army during the first period of Muslim expansion.
Ex Output:
On what date did Battle of al-Qādisiyyah end?
Ex Input:
The Noleby Runestone is now located in the Swedish Museum of National Antiquities in Stockholm.
Ex Output:
| What is the name of the place where Noleby Runestone can be found?
|
Ourapteryx claretta Ourapteryx claretta is a moth of the family Geometridae first described by Jeremy Daniel Holloway in 1982.
Previous conversation: | Conversation transcript:
A. What is known about the genus Ourapteryx?
B. |
In this task, you will be presented with a passage and have to answer a question based on your understanding of the events inferred from the passage. Among the entities, try to find the best entity that is most likely to fill in "_" and classify the answers based on options.
[EX Q]: (CNN) -- When the world first met Mickey Mouse, it was as a steamboat captain, a cowboy, a wizard's apprentice and in other roles that, while enduring, wouldn't exactly be considered tech-savvy to a 2013 audience. But before the famous mouse came along, Walt Disney created a character who possessed many of the traits of today's gadget geek -- and who maintains his technological edge over Mickey to this day. Oswald the Lucky Rabbit will be familiar by now to players of "Epic Mickey 2: The Power of Two," released in November, and the original title in the series from Disney Interactive Studios.In "Epic Mickey 2: The Power of Two," Oswald the Lucky Rabbit steps forwardOswald was created by Walt Disney in 1927, a year before Mickey MouseDesigners say while Mickey's a "Boy Scout," Oswald is edgierEven in the 1920s, Oswald was a gadget-obsessed techie
Questions:He describes _ as "Boy Scout-like," "a good guy," "always doing the right thing." (A) CNN (B) Mickey Mouse (C) Walt Disney (D) Lucky Rabbit (E) Epic Mickey 2 (F) Power of Two (G) Disney Interactive Studios (H) Oswald the Lucky Rabbit (I) Oswald (J) Boy Scout
[EX A]: (B)
[EX Q]: (CNN) -- Italian football champions Juventus plan to appeal against the 10-month ban that coach Antonio Conte has received after failing to report match-fixing when he managed Serie B side Siena. Conte and his Juve assistant Angelo Alessio, who was also at Siena, were suspended by the Italian Football Federation (FIGC) following a police investigation over allegations of "sporting fraud and fraudulent association" in relation to a league fixture against Novara in April 2011. While earlier charges of direct involvement in match-fixing have been dropped, the FIGC maintain Conte was aware of the corruption taking place during his tenure at Siena.Juventus coach Antonio Conte banned from football for 10 months.Conte's assistant Angelo Alessio also banned by Italian FederationSerie A champions Juventus to launch an appealSix other Italian players acquitted of charges made against them
Questions:"The club underlines its full support for Antonio Conte and Angelo Alessio, in the hope that their innocence will emerge during the appeals process," said a _ statement. (A) CNN (B) Italian (C) Juventus (D) Antonio Conte (E) Serie B (F) Siena (G) Conte (H) Angelo Alessio (I) Italian Football Federation (J) FIGC (K) Novara (L) Serie A
[EX A]: (C)
[EX Q]: Rio Ferdinand praised Ed Woodward for 'putting his balls on the table' by trying to attract some of the world's best players to Manchester United during the summer, but now fears Daley Blind's head is on the chopping block as a result of the executive vice-chairman's failure to land primary defensive targets in the transfer window. The Dutch international has found himself partnering Chris Smalling so far this season because United missed out on Real Madrid's Sergio Ramos and Borussia Dortmund's Mats Hummels, not to mention Nicolas Otamendi joining rivals Manchester City. And when Liverpool visit Old Trafford on Saturday, Ferdinand has little confidence that one of his successors in the United back four is up to the job of keeping Christian Benteke under wraps.Former Manchester United defender Rio Ferdinand fears that one of his successors Daley Blind is struggling at centre-backBlind has been forced into a makeshift role this season after United failed to sign a number of high-profile defensive targetsEx-England captain Ferdinand is worried that Blind will struggle to cope with the physicality of certain Premier League strikersUnited take on Liverpool this weekend and Ferdinand has singled out the burly Christian Benteke as a particular problem for BlindREAD: Senior Manchester United players rebel against Louis van GaalFerdinand: Manchester United have become BORINGIt's not too late to sign up for MailOnline's Fantasy Football game
Questions:He's a top striker and they played 30-odd million for him, if he even starts having any types of battles with Smalling I'd call him to the side as the manager and tell him to get on _ as he is the weak point. (A) Rio Ferdinand (B) Ed Woodward (C) Manchester United (D) Daley Blind (E) Dutch (F) Chris Smalling (G) United (H) Real Madrid (I) Sergio Ramos (J) Borussia Dortmund (K) Mats Hummels (L) Nicolas Otamendi (M) Manchester City (N) Liverpool (O) Old Trafford (P) Ferdinand (Q) Christian Benteke (R) Blind (S) Ex (T) England (U) Premier League (V) Louis van Gaal (W) MailOnline (X) Fantasy Football
[EX A]: | (D)
|
Q: In this task, you are given a text of many news articles seperated by special token "|||||". Your task is to summarize them.
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - American middle-class neighborhoods are on the decline and the divide between the rich and poor is widening, according to a study on Wednesday.
The share of families living in middle-income neighborhoods has dropped to 44 percent in 2007 from 65 percent in 1970, the Stanford University study showed.
The study sponsored by the Sage Foundation and Brown University covered the country's major 117 metropolitan areas.
It supports views that the income inequality gap is widening and could put the distribution of public resources under the spotlight.
"Given that in 2008 the top 10 percent of earners controlled approximately 48 percent of all income in the United States, the increasing isolation of the affluent from the low and moderate-income families means that a significant portion of society's resources are concentrated in a smaller and smaller portion of neighborhoods," the study said.
The study found that the proportion of families living in affluent neighborhoods doubled to 14 percent in 2007 from 7 percent in 1970.
During the same period, the share of families in poor residential areas increased to 17 percent from 8 percent.
While the study did not examine the impact of the 2007-09 recession on residential patterns, there is little doubt that the proportion of families residing in middle-class areas has dropped even further.
This segment of the population has been hardest hit by the recession, which claimed more than 8 million jobs, most of them in manufacturing and construction.
"The enormous number of housing foreclosures in the last few years has likely led many low-income families to move to lower-income neighborhoods, which would lead to increased income segregation," the study said.
"Conversely, declining incomes and income volatility among the middle-class may lead to lowered income segregation, because it may widen the income distribution within previously middle-income neighborhoods, or force these families to move into lower-income neighborhoods."
(Reporting by Lucia Mutikani; Editing by Andrew Hay) ||||| Much of the shift is the result of changing income structure in the United States. Part of the country’s middle class has slipped to the lower rungs of the income ladder as manufacturing and other middle-class jobs have dwindled, while the wealthy receive a bigger portion of the income pie. Put simply, there are fewer people in the middle.
Photo
But the shift is more than just changes in income. The study also found that there is more residential sorting by income, with the rich flocking together in new exurbs and gentrifying pockets where lower- and middle-income families cannot afford to live.
The study — part of US2010, a research project financed by Russell Sage and Brown University — identified the pattern in about 90 percent of large and medium-size metropolitan areas for 2000 to 2007. Detroit; Oklahoma City; Toledo, Ohio; and Greensboro, N.C., experienced the biggest rises in income segregation in the decade, while 13 areas, including Atlanta, had declines. Philadelphia and its suburbs registered the sharpest rise since 1970.
Sean F. Reardon, an author of the study and a sociologist at Stanford, argued that the shifts had far-reaching implications for the next generation. Children in mostly poor neighborhoods tend to have less access to high-quality schools, child care and preschool, as well as to support networks or educated and economically stable neighbors who might serve as role models.
The isolation of the prosperous, he said, means less interaction with people from other income groups and a greater risk to their support for policies and investments that benefit the broader public — like schools, parks and public transportation systems. About 14 percent of families lived in affluent neighborhoods in 2007, up from 7 percent in 1970, the study found.
The study groups neighborhoods into six income categories. Poor neighborhoods have median family incomes that are 67 percent or less of those of a given metropolitan area. Rich neighborhoods have median incomes of 150 percent or more. Middle-income neighborhoods are those in which the median income is between 80 percent and 125 percent.
The map of that change for Philadelphia is a red stripe of wealthy suburbs curving around a poor, blue urban center, broken by a few red dots of gentrification. It is the picture of the economic change that slammed into Philadelphia decades ago as its industrial base declined and left a shrunken middle class and a poorer urban core.
Photo
The Germantown neighborhood, once solidly middle class, is now mostly low income. Chelten Avenue, one of its main thoroughfares, is a hard-luck strip of check-cashing stores and takeout restaurants. The stone homes on side streets speak to a more affluent past, one that William Wilson, 95, a longtime resident, remembers fondly.
Advertisement Continue reading the main story
“It was real nice,” he said, shuffling along Chelten Avenue on Monday. Theaters thrived on the avenue, he said, as did a fancy department store. Now a Walgreens stands in its place. “Everything started going down in the dumps,” he said.
Philadelphia’s more recent history is one of gentrifying neighborhoods, like the Northern Liberties area, where affluence has rushed in, in the form of espresso shops, glass-walled apartments and a fancy supermarket, and prosperous new suburbs that have mushroomed in the far north and south of the metro area.
Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. Sign Up You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. View all New York Times newsletters.
Lawrence Katz, an economist at Harvard, said the evidence for the presumed adverse effects of economic segregation was inconclusive. In a recent study of low-income families randomly assigned the opportunity to move out of concentrated poverty into mixed-income neighborhoods, Professor Katz and his collaborators found large improvements in physical and mental health, but little change in the families’ economic and educational fortunes.
But there is evidence that income differences are having an effect, beyond the context of neighborhood. One example, Professor Reardon said, is a growing gap in standardized test scores between rich and poor children, now 40 percent bigger than it was in 1970. That is double the testing gap between black and white children, he said.
And the gap between rich and poor in college completion — one of the single most important predictors of economic success — has grown by more than 50 percent since the 1990s, said Martha J. Bailey, an economist at the University of Michigan. More than half of children from high-income families finish college, up from about a third 20 years ago. Fewer than 10 percent of low-income children finish, up from 5 percent.
William Julius Wilson, a sociologist at Harvard who has seen the study, argues that “rising inequality is beginning to produce a two-tiered society in America in which the more affluent citizens live lives fundamentally different from the middle- and lower-income groups. This divide decreases a sense of community.” |||||
A: | A major new study from Stanford finds that America's middle class is shrinking in a big way, reports the New York Times. The researchers looked at 117 of the nation's biggest metropolitan areas and discovered that 44% of families live in areas defined as middle class, down from 65% in 1970. Meanwhile, the number of families living in affluent neighborhoods doubled to 14%, while those in poor neighborhoods rose from 8% to 17%, notes Reuters. In short, the income gap appears to be widening. "Given that in 2008 the top 10% of earners controlled approximately 48% of all income in the United States, the increasing isolation of the affluent from the low and moderate-income families means that a significant portion of society's resources are concentrated in a smaller and smaller portion of neighborhoods," says the study. |
Answer the following question: Given the below context: The seabed contains enormous reserves of minerals which can be exploited by dredging. This has advantages over land-based mining in that equipment can be built at specialised shipyards and infrastructure costs are lower. Disadvantages include problems caused by waves and tides, the tendency for excavations to silt up and the washing away of spoil heaps. There is a risk of coastal erosion and environmental damage. Seafloor massive sulphide deposits are potential sources of silver, gold, copper, lead and zinc and trace metals since their discovery in the 1960s. They form when geothermally heated water is emitted from deep sea hydrothermal vents known as "black smokers". The ores are of high quality but prohibitively costly to extract. Small scale mining of the deep sea floor is being developed off the coast of Papua New Guinea using robotic techniques, but the obstacles are formidable.There are large deposits of petroleum, as oil and natural gas, in rocks beneath the seabed. Offshore platforms and drilling rigs extract the oil or gas and store it for transport to land. Offshore oil and gas production can be difficult due to the remote, harsh environment. Drilling for oil in the sea has environmental impacts. Animals may be disorientated by seismic waves used to locate deposits, probably causing the beaching of whales. Toxic substances such as mercury, lead and arsenic may be released. The infrastructure may cause damage, and oil may be spilt.Large quantities of methane clathrate exist on the seabed and in ocean sediment at a temperature of around 2 °C (36 °F) and these are of interest as a potential energy source. Some estimates put the amount available at between one and 5 million cubic kilometres (0.24 to 1.2 million cubic miles). Also on the seabed are manganese nodules formed of layers of iron, manganese and other hydroxides around a core. In the Pacific these may cover up to 30 percent of the deep ocean floor. The minerals precipitate from seawater and grow very slowly. Their commercial extraction for... Guess a valid title for it!
Answer: | Sea |
In this task, you are given a question and a context passage. You have to answer the question based on the given passage.
Input: Consider Input: What was a upside to the altercation?, Context: On Saturday, July 23, 1989, much of America learned of the AFL for an unintended reason, when the Pittsburgh Gladiators' head coach, Joe Haering, made football history by punching commissioner Jim Foster during a game with the Chicago Bruisers. The national media ran with the story, including a photo in USA Today. The game was played between the two teams in Sacramento's Arco Arena, as part of the AFL's 'Barnstorming America' tour. Foster had walked onto the field of play to mediate an altercation between the two teams when Haering, a former NFL assistant, punched him in the jaw. Haering was suspended without pay.
Output: much of America learned of the AFL
Input: Consider Input: What happened in the month prior to February?, Context: Season 11 premiered on January 18, 2012. On February 23, it was announced that one more finalist would join the Top 24 making it the Top 25, and that was Jermaine Jones. However, on March 14, Jones was disqualified in 12th place for concealing arrests and outstanding warrants. Jones denied the accusation that he concealed his arrests.
Output: Season 11 premiered
Input: Consider Input: What were they doing when they found the signal?, Context: Initially, the station's range was officially a 40 kilometres radius of the Alexandra Palace transmitter—in practice, however, transmissions could be picked up a good deal further away, and on one occasion in 1938 were picked up by engineers at RCA in New York, who were experimenting with a British television set.
| Output: experimenting with a British television set
|
In this task, we ask you to elaborate the sentence without changing its general meaning. You can do so by explaining further the input sentence, using more precise wording, adding qualifiers and auxiliary information etc.
--------
Question: It is built for a particular use instead of for general-purpose use .
Answer: An application-specific integrated circuit ( ASIC ) is an integrated circuit ( IC ) customized for a particular use , rather than intended for general-purpose use .
Question: During the American Civil War , the river , with few convenient fords and fewer bridges , provided a barrier and defensive line .
Answer: During the American Civil War , the river , with few convenient fords and fewer bridges , provided a barrier and defensive line behind which movements of troops could be accomplished with little fear of attack from the river-side flank .
Question: Illusory superiority has been found in education ( such as class performance , exams and overall intelligence ) , at work ( for example in job performance ) , and in social settings ( for example in estimating one 's popularity , or the extent to which one possesses desirable personality traits , such as honesty or confidence ) , as well as everyday abilities requiring particular skill .
Answer: | Illusory superiority has been found in individuals ' comparisons of themselves with others in a variety of aspects of life , including performance in academic circumstances ( such as class performance , exams and overall intelligence ) , in working environments ( for example in job performance ) , and in social settings ( for example in estimating one 's popularity , or the extent to which one possesses desirable personality traits , such as honesty or confidence ) , and in everyday abilities requiring particular skill .
|
a. Luxury Rice Bran Face Soap b. not enough information c. Bioderma face wash d. Lush Fresh Face Masks
I was introduced to the amazing range of handmade products from Okoii back in July and intended to post reviews in early September; however, was struck down with a particularly potent uterine parasite that left me comatosed on the couch each evening by about 8.00pm, so blogging had to take a massive back step. Now that my energy levels are returning I though that it is about time I told you about these amazing products! Okoii products are handmade by Yoko, formally from Japan, now living in Australia. Her aim was to introduce Australian women to traditional natural ingredients from Japan and Asia that they may not previously have been aware of. Some of these ingredients have been used in Japan for upwards of 1000 years, and recently the benefits of such ingredients have been scientifically proven. When you place an order with Okoii, your products are then made by hand, one by one, so you know that they are as fresh as they can possibly be. Other than Lush' Fresh Face Masks, I can't think of any other product that would be as fresh as Okoii. I find it quite exciting to know that when I purchase a product from Okoii, that it hasn't been sitting on the shelf of a warehouse for months, slowly deteriorating. It is recommended that the products be kept in the fridge to maintain their freshness and the all come with a recommended used by date that is between 3-6 months from when it was made. The first product that I am going to introduce you to is the Luxury Rice Bran Face Soap. I decided to review this one on its own for two reasons. Firstly, it was my absolute favourite of all the Okoii products I tried; and secondly, it was actually the product that I was most fearful of trying. Why? Well, the first beauty rule that is drummed into every girls head is to NEVER USE SOAP ON YOUR FACE and I was being forced to break this rule (I am a first born goodie goodie who NEVER breaks the rules - this was tough for me to do!). Yoko assured me that this soap was incredibly gentle and was not at all drying. Lucky for her I am... According to the above context, answer the following question. What product is the author likely to buy next time they need a facial cleanser?
Answer: | a. |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
A question is presented to you in this task, and your job is to write a potentially correct answer.
where did anne frank live before the war?
Output: | Frankfurt |
Q: In this task, you will be presented with a question and you have to answer the question based on your knowledge. Your answers should be as short as possible.
Which street is this dental school found , which is part of the third largest university in the United Kingdom by total enrollment ?
A: | Gray 's Inn Road |
Mercury was a common, long-standing treatment for syphilis, and its use as such has been suggested to date back to The Canon of Medicine (1025) by the Persian physician Ibn Sina (Avicenna); although this is only possible if syphilis existed in the Old World prior to Columbus (see § Origin). One of the first supporters of mercury treatment was Paracelsus because it had positive effects on the Arabic treatment of leprosy, which was thought to be a disease related to syphilis. Giorgio Sommariva of Verona is recorded to have used mercury to treat syphilis in 1496, and is often recognized as the first physician to have done so, although he may not have been a physician. During the sixteenth century, mercury was administered to syphilitic patients in various ways, including by rubbing it on the skin, by applying a plaster, and by mouth. A ``Fumigation'' method of administering mercury was also used, in which mercury was vaporized over a fire and the patients were exposed to the resulting steam, either by being placed in a bottomless seat over the hot coals, or by having their entire bodies except for the head enclosed in a box (called a ``tabernacle'') that received the steam. The goal of mercury treatment was to cause the patient to salivate, which was thought to expel the disease. Unpleasant side effects of mercury treatment included gum ulcers and loose teeth. Mercury continued to be used in syphilis treatment for centuries; an 1869 article by TJ Walker discussed administering mercury by injection for this purpose.
See options at the end. Can we conclude that was mercury used as a cure for syphilis?
OPT: --no; --yes; | yes |
U.S. space shuttle Atlantis and its seven-member crew concluded their pursuit of the International Space Station (ISS) on Wednesday and docked with the orbital outpost at 12:05 EDT (1605 GMT).
Based on the paragraph above can we conclude that "US shuttle Atlantis docks with the Mir space station."? | no |
The basic commission rate for preferred partners is 8 To attain preferred status new partners must complete a minimum number of reservations at the nonpreferred commission rate 12 reservations 10 commission
Add punctuation | The basic commission rate for preferred partners is 8%. To attain preferred status, new partners must complete a minimum number of reservations at the non-preferred commission rate: 12 reservations, 10% commission. |
Kyle was teaching Ryan how to hand embroider pillowcases, since
Ryan was untrained in the art of embroidery.
Kevin used a knife to trim his fingernails while Christopher buffed with an emory board.
Kevin was more bold.
The point Diane made at school was truly one of the best we ever heard. Therefore the
| school was proud. |
In this task you will be given a question and a passage. You need to determine if the answer to the question is contained in the passage. If the answer can be found in the passage you should output 'True'. If the answer cannot be found in the passage you should output 'False'.
Q: Passage: 'A continent is one of several very large landmasses of the world. Generally identified by convention rather than any strict criteria, up to seven regions are commonly regarded as continents. Ordered from largest in size to smallest, they are: Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia.'. Question: 'how many generations of ipad pro are there'.
A: | False |
[Q]: Given the following passage "Pre-sectarian Buddhism is the earliest phase of Buddhism, recognized by nearly all scholars. Its main scriptures are the Vinaya Pitaka and the four principal Nikayas or Agamas. Certain basic teachings appear in many places throughout the early texts, so most scholars conclude that Gautama Buddha must have taught something similar to the Three marks of existence, the Five Aggregates, dependent origination, karma and rebirth, the Four Noble Truths, the Noble Eightfold Path, and nirvana. Some scholars disagree, and have proposed many other theories.", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: Why do some scholars propose other theories?
****
[A]: disagree
[Q]: Given the following passage "A number of modern movements or tendencies in Buddhism emerged during the second half of the 20th Century, including the Dalit Buddhist movement (also sometimes called 'neo-Buddhism'), Engaged Buddhism, and the further development of various Western Buddhist traditions.", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: Which buddhism practice was first mentioned to emerge during the 20th century?
****
[A]: the Dalit Buddhist movement
[Q]: Given the following passage "Most of the Alsatian population is Roman Catholic, but, largely because of the region's German heritage, a significant Protestant community also exists: today, the EPCAAL (a Lutheran church) is France's second largest Protestant church, also forming an administrative union (UEPAL) with the much smaller Calvinist EPRAL. Unlike the rest of France, the Local law in Alsace-Moselle still provides for to the Napoleonic Concordat of 1801 and the organic articles, which provides public subsidies to the Roman Catholic, Lutheran, and Calvinist churches, as well as to Jewish synagogues; religion classes in one of these faiths is compulsory in public schools. This divergence in policy from the French majority is due to the region having been part of Imperial Germany when the 1905 law separating the French church and state was instituted (for a more comprehensive history, see: Alsace-Lorraine). Controversy erupts periodically on the appropriateness of this legal disposition, as well as on the exclusion of other religions from this arrangement.", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: WHo is given public subsidies besides Jewish synagogues and Lutheran and Calvinist churches?
****
[A]: Roman Catholic
[Q]: Given the following passage ""Hellenistic" is a modern word and a 19th-century concept; the idea of a Hellenistic period did not exist in Ancient Greece. Although words related in form or meaning, e.g. Hellenist (Ancient Greek: Ἑλληνιστής, Hellēnistēs), have been attested since ancient times, it was J. G. Droysen in the mid-19th century, who in his classic work Geschichte des Hellenismus, i.e. History of Hellenism, coined the term Hellenistic to refer to and define the period when Greek culture spread in the non-Greek world after Alexander’s conquest. Following Droysen, Hellenistic and related terms, e.g. Hellenism, have been widely used in various contexts; a notable such use is in Culture and Anarchy by Matthew Arnold, where Hellenism is used in contrast with Hebraism.", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: Which of the following does not refer to the same work: History of Hellenism, Geschichte de Hellenismus or Culture and Anarchy?
****
[A]: | Culture and Anarchy |
If the data to be compressed is analog (such as a voltage that varies with time), quantization is employed to digitize it into numbers (normally integers). This is referred to as analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion. If the integers generated by quantization are 8 bits each, then the entire range of the analog signal is divided into 256 intervals and all the signal values within an interval are quantized to the same number. If 16-bit integers are generated, then the range of the analog signal is divided into 65,536 intervals.
If it is possible to answer this question, answer it for me (else, reply "unanswerable"): How many intervals is the range of the conversion divided into if 16-bit integers are generated?
Ah, so.. unanswerable
In the vacuum that followed the 1889 death of Emperor Yohannes II, Gen. Oreste Baratieri occupied the highlands along the Eritrean coast and Italy proclaimed the establishment of the new colony of Italian Eritrea, a colony of the Kingdom of Italy. In the Treaty of Wuchale (It. Uccialli) signed the same year, King Menelik of Shewa, a southern Ethiopian kingdom, recognized the Italian occupation of his rivals' lands of Bogos, Hamasien, Akkele Guzay, and Serae in exchange for guarantees of financial assistance and continuing access to European arms and ammunition. His subsequent victory over his rival kings and enthronement as Emperor Menelek II (r. 1889–1913) made the treaty formally binding upon the entire territory.
If it is possible to answer this question, answer it for me (else, reply "unanswerable"): What was the new colony of Italia Eritrea a colony of?
Ah, so.. the Kingdom of Italy
The educational system of Myanmar is operated by the government agency, the Ministry of Education. The education system is based on the United Kingdom's system due to nearly a century of British and Christian presences in Myanmar. Nearly all schools are government-operated, but there has been a recent increase in privately funded English language schools. Schooling is compulsory until the end of elementary school, approximately about 9 years old, while the compulsory schooling age is 15 or 16 at international level.
If it is possible to answer this question, answer it for me (else, reply "unanswerable"): Are there any alternatives to the public school system in Burma ?
Ah, so.. | privately funded English language schoo |
Given the following passage "Theravadin Buddhists believe that personal effort is required to realize rebirth. Monks follow the vinaya: meditating, teaching and serving their lay communities. Laypersons can perform good actions, producing merit.", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: Who serves those who can perform good actions, producing merit?
| Monks |
In this task, you are given an article. Your task is to summarize the article in a sentence.
In his latest post the vlogger said: "I want to make my little community here on YouTube more inclusive."
His decision was inspired by YouTuber Rikki Poynter, who is hard of hearing and campaigns for producers to make their work more accessible.
"I don't want this to feel like a place where only certain people can come," said Tyler.
"The fact that now millions, and millions and millions more people can enjoy my content is a cool thing."
In his post called Hear Me Out, Tyler, who has more than six million subscribers to his channel, went on to explain how other vloggers can closed caption their videos.
"I just want everyone to enjoy YouTube the way I enjoy YouTube," he said.
As #HearMeOut trended worldwide Tyler tweeted: "Thank you for being a part of this, I hope it completely changes YouTube's community."
In Rikki Poynter's original video asking for help to raise awareness for closed captioning on YouTube she pointed out that there are others who could benefit.
She said: "[This is] Not only for the deaf or hard of hearing, but for people who are learning English, those with auditory processing disorder and simply just people who prefer to read instead of listen."
Following Oakley's video Rikki told Newsbeat "Tyler giving me a shout out was pretty awesome and very much appreciated" but suggested his video could have included a little more encouragement for others to do the same thing.
"The only thing I would say could have been an improvement is instead of just emphasizing on the fact that people who are deaf/hard of hearing can understand what he's saying in his videos, he could've also emphasized that all YouTubers should CC their content and then those deaf/hard of hearing can watch theirs as well.
"Of course, regardless, other people have been CCing their videos but I, and somebody else who mentioned it to me, think it would've had a touch more impact if there was a little more emphasis on saying that all YouTubers should do this.
"It's going to help the #WithCaptions campaign and just CCing YouTube videos in general since Tyler Oakley is very well known on YouTube.
"When somebody with a lot of attention talks about this, it's obviously going to reach hundreds and thousands of people, a lot more than I am able to reach at the moment so it's really good!"
You can find help on how to closed caption your videos from Google.
Follow @BBCNewsbeat on Twitter, BBCNewsbeat on Instagram and Radio1Newsbeat on YouTube | Tyler Oakley has closed captioned (cc) all his YouTube videos - meaning his posts have the option to be subtitled. |
"A Jury of Her Peers" is about the discovery of and subsequent investigation of John Wright's murder. The story begins on a cold, windy day in fictional Dickson County (representing Dickinson County, Iowa) with Martha Hale being abruptly called to ride to a crime scene. In the buggy is Lewis Hale, her husband, Sheriff Peters, the county sheriff, and Mrs. Peters, the sheriff's wife. She rushes out to join them in the buggy, and the group sets off. They arrive at the crime scene: the Wrights' lonesome-looking house. Immediately Mrs. Hale exhibits a feeling of guilt for not visiting her friend Minnie Foster since she married and became Mrs. Wright (the dead man's wife) twenty years prior. Once the whole group is safely inside the house, Mr. Hale is asked to describe to the county attorney what he had seen and experienced the day prior. Despite the serious circumstances, he delivers his story in a long-winded and poorly thought-out manner, tendencies he struggles to avoid throughout. The story begins with Mr. Hale venturing to Mr. Wright's house to convince Wright to get a telephone. Upon entering the house, he finds Mrs. Wright in a delirious state and comes to learn that Mr. Wright has allegedly been strangled. The women's curious nature and very peculiar attention to minute details allows them to find evidence of Mrs. Wright's guilt and of her provocations and motives. Meanwhile, the men are unable to procure any evidence. The women find the one usable piece of evidence: the dead bird in the box. It's stated that Minnie used to love to sing and her husband took that away from her. But now finding her bird is dead, with a broken neck (with the implication that the husband killed it) it is evident Mrs. Wright killed her husband. Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters use their knowledge and experience as two "midwestern rural women" to understand Mrs. Wright's suffering when the only living thing around her has died. The women find justification in Mrs. Wright's actions and go about hiding what they find from the men. In the end, their obstruction of evidence will seemingly prevent a conviction. The story ends here, and does not move into the occurrences after they leave the house.
Answer this question: where does a jury of her peers take place? Let's think fast. Stream of consciousness: | The relevant information is: The story begins on a cold, windy day in fictional Dickson County (representing Dickinson County, Iowa) with Martha Hale being abruptly called to ride to a crime scene. So the final answer is fictional Dickson County ( representing Dickinson County , Iowa ). |
Add spaces: Companyannouncements2013|GreentechEnergySystems
| Company announcements 2013 | Greentech Energy Systems |
In this task, we ask you to elaborate the sentence without changing its general meaning. You can do so by explaining further the input sentence, using more precise wording, adding qualifiers and auxiliary information etc.
[Q]: Abbado has conducted a lot of Romantic music , especially the symphonies of Gustav Mahler .
[A]: Amongst a wide range of Romantic works which he recorded and performed , Abbado had a particular affinity with the music of Gustav Mahler , whose symphonies he recorded several times .
[Q]: An artesian aquifer is trapped between rocks or clay which causes the pressure .
[A]: An artesian aquifer is trapped water , surrounded by layers of impermeable rock or clay which apply positive pressure to the water contained within the aquifer .
[Q]: Eberhard Karls University , Tu ̈ bingen is a public university in the city of Tu ̈ bingen , Baden-Wu ̈ rttemberg , Germany .
[A]: | The University of Tu ̈ bingen , officially the Eberhard Karls University of Tu ̈ bingen ( ; ) , is a public research university located in the city of Tu ̈ bingen , Baden-Wu ̈ rttemberg , Germany .
|
Human Chain (2010) is the twelfth and final poetry collection by Seamus Heaney, who received the 1995 Nobel Prize in Literature. It won the Forward Poetry Prize Best Collection 2010 award, the Irish Times Poetry Now Award for 2011, and was shortlisted for the 2011 Griffin Poetry Prize. This was Heaney's second Poetry Now Award, having previously won in 2007 for "District and Circle".
Can we infer the following?
Human Chain was the last in the poetry collection written by Seamus Heaney. | Yes |
Tom (named ``Jasper'' in his debut appearance) is a grey and white domestic shorthair cat. (``Tom'' is a generic name for a male cat.) He is usually but not always, portrayed as living a comfortable, or even pampered life, while Jerry (named ``Jinx'' in his debut appearance) is a small, brown, house mouse who always lives in close proximity to Tom. Despite being very energetic, determined and much larger, Tom is no match for Jerry's wits. Jerry also possesses surprising strength for his size, approximately the equivalent of Tom's, lifting items such as anvils with relative ease and withstanding considerable impacts. Although cats typically chase mice to eat them, it is quite rare for Tom to actually try to eat Jerry. Most of his attempts are just to torment or humiliate Jerry, sometimes in revenge, and sometimes to obtain a reward from a human for catching Jerry. By the final ``fade-out'' of each cartoon, Jerry usually emerges triumphant, while Tom is shown as the loser.
Is it true that was tom from tom and jerry called jasper? | yes |
A question is presented to you in this task, and your job is to write a potentially correct answer.
Example Input: where did dr seuss go to school?
Example Output: Dartmouth College
Example Input: where does the zambezi river begin?
Example Output: Mwinilunga
Example Input: what language do they in belgium?
Example Output: | French Language
|
You will be given a passage, and your task is to generate a Yes/No question that is answerable based on the given passage.
One example: Powdered sugar, also called confectioners' sugar, icing sugar, and icing cake, is a finely ground sugar produced by milling granulated sugar into a powdered state. It usually contains a small amount of anti-caking agent to prevent clumping and improve flow. Although most often produced in a factory, powdered sugar can also be made by processing ordinary granulated sugar in a coffee grinder, or by crushing it by hand in a mortar and pestle.
Solution is here: is confectionary sugar the same as powdered sugar?
Explanation: The question is a yes/no question, and it is answerable based on the given passage.
Now, solve this: The NBA salary cap is the limit to the total amount of money that National Basketball Association teams are allowed to pay their players. Like many professional sports leagues, the NBA has a salary cap to control costs, defined by the league's collective bargaining agreement (CBA). This limit is subject to a complex system of rules and exceptions and as such is considered a soft cap and is calculated as a percentage of the league's revenue from the previous season. Under the CBA ratified in December 2011, the cap will continue to vary in future seasons based on league revenues. For the 2015--16 season, the salary cap was $70 million and the luxury tax limit was $84.74 million. For the 2016--17 season, the salary cap was set at $94.14 million and the luxury tax limit was $113.29 million. For the 2017--18 season, the cap is set at $99 million for the salary cap and $119 million for the luxury tax.
Solution: | is there a salary cap in nba 2018? |
Q: In this task, you are given Wikipedia articles on a range of topics as passages and a question from the passage. We ask you to answer the question by classifying the answer as 0 (False) or 1 (True)
Passage: Vice President of the United States -- The Vice President of the United States (informally referred to as VPOTUS, or Veep) is a constitutional officer in the legislative branch of the federal government of the United States as the President of the Senate under Article I, Section 3, Clause 4, of the United States Constitution, as well as the second highest executive branch officer, after the President of the United States. In accordance with the 25th Amendment, he is the highest-ranking official in the presidential line of succession, and is a statutory member of the National Security Council under the National Security Act of 1947.
Question: is the vice president president of the senate
A: | 1 |
Available options: (1). because the labor was too long; (2). not enough information; (3). because they were in a small town; (4). because they were born 2 months early;
Q: My fraternal twins were born 2 months early. The staff had already stopped premature labor at six months gestation but it proceeded too quickly this time. Total labor 2.5 hours. Needless to say, they were tiny - female 2 lbs. 3 oz, male 3 lbs. 10 oz. Female was born dark blue - luckily, I was at the finest maternity hospital in this half of the State (McGee Women’s). They brought the female around to breathing, while I cried, thinking that she was dead. The twins were rushed to the NICU, too tiny to breast feed except with pumped milk through a feeding tube. Both were watched closely by doctors and nurses as they were not passing waste properly. The day it was decided that the male needed surgery, the female was discharged to home. The male was transferred to another very good hospital for surgery for a temporary colostomy. He was discharged to home after a week. What broke my heart was that I was allowed to visit him in the hospital but his older brother and twin sister were not allowed. Prior to his discharge, the staff instructed me in changing and maintaining his colostomy bag on a daily basis. He kept the colostomy bag until he was about 5 months old; back into the hospital for the colostomy reversal. The sign that I hung above their shared playpen said “Whatever doesn’t kill me, makes me stronger”. How did I cope with it? Mostly alone. The hospital offered group sessions for parents of severely premature infants. During the very first session, I had a zen realization that, once I realized that the circumstances were out of my control, I GAINED control of myself and my life. A bit like the Serenity Prayer. I shared that epiphany with the group and they looked at me like I had two heads. I had never heard of the Serenity Prayer and I’d been an atheist since age 13, so religion was not my go-to then, nor is it now. That realization helped. The twins are 37 now. According to the above context, answer the following question. Why did the babies have to go to the NICU?
A: | (4). |
Choose your answer: Is "Its largest division is still headquartered in nearby Renton, and the company has large aircraft manufacturing plants in Everett and Renton, so it remains the largest private employer in the Seattle metropolitan area." a good answer to the question "Where in the Seattle area does Boeing have manufacturing plants?"
Select from the following.
[I] yes.
[II] no. | [I] |
In this task, you will be presented with a passage and have to answer a question based on your understanding of the events inferred from the passage. Try to find the best answer that is most likely to fill in "_". Note that the URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].
Example Input: AC Milan owner Silvio Berlusconi has agreed to sell a 48 per cent stake of the club to Thai businessman Bee Taechaubol. Talks had broken down between the pair after Taechaubol, commonly known as 'Mr Bee', offered €1billion for the entirety of the Serie A club. But Gazzetta dello Sport claim that after a lengthy meeting on Friday between Berlusconi and Taechaubol they reached an agreement for around half that amount (£365million), which allows the former Italian Prime Minister to keep his majority stake. 'For now it's a deal that must be confirmed but it's good for Milan,' Berlusconi said after the meeting, according to the ANSA news agency. 'We want to move forward and make Milan a contender again.'Silvio Berlusconi has owned 18-time Italian champions for almost 30 yearsHas agreed to sell 48 per cent stake to Bee TaechaubolThai businessman had offered €1billion for entirety of clubBut new deal allows Berlusconi to keep his majority stakeBerlusconi has been the Prime Minister of Italy on three occasions
Question:The consortium represented by Mr. _ will acquire a minority stake of 48 per cent.
Example Output: Bee Taechaubol
Example Input: Washington (CNN) Sen. Marco Rubio, a longtime hawk on Syria, praised the US airstrike on a Syrian airfield days after a chemical attack on innocents attributed to Syrian President Bashar al-Assad. Following news that President Donald Trump had green-lit the US action, Rubio said Thursday on CNN's "Anderson Cooper 360" that Russia could not fairly criticize the military strike because Russia backed Assad -- who is accused of perpetrating the attack on his own people. "They have no standing to say anything about this," Rubio said of the Russians. He said that the move doesn't just send a message, but amounts to a "significant degrading" of Assad's ability to carry out chemical attacks.Rubio said Russians had put themselves into harm's wayHe said the strikes indicated a firm US stance against Assad's reign
Question:"I'll let them speak for their policy, but tonight's actions show that the days of being able to act with impunity are over when it comes to _-Assad," Rubio said.
Example Output: Bashar al
Example Input: A mother's hell is finally at an end as she was taken to hospital today following her five-day ordeal in the Colombian jungle. Nelly Murillo, 18, and her son Yudier Moreno, not yet one, disappeared in a plane crash in the dense jungles of Colombia and were found alive in what authorities called a 'miracle'. They survived by drinking coconut water in the 'very wild area' in the remote area in the west of the country. Colonel Hector Carrascal, commander of the Colombian Air Force in Antioquia department said: 'It's a miracle. It is a very wild area and it was a catastrophic accident. His mother's spirit must have given him strength to survive.'Nelly Murillo and son Yudier Moreno found in jungle in northwest ColombiaThe 18-year-old was on board a Cessna 303 when it crashed on SaturdayMiss Murillo suffered injuries and minor burns but the baby was unharmedA load of fish on board absorbed much of the impact in the plane's cabinShe was taken to hospital today after surviving the five-day ordeal
Question:The plane offered air taxi services between remote areas in northwest _.
Example Output: | Colombian
|
Detailed Instructions: In this task, we ask you to elaborate the sentence without changing its general meaning. You can do so by explaining further the input sentence, using more precise wording, adding qualifiers and auxiliary information etc.
Q: It is called the International Nuclear Event Scale .
A: | The severity of nuclear accidents is generally classified using the International Nuclear Event Scale ( INES ) introduced by the International Atomic Energy Agency ( IAEA ) . |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. Given a context passage, generate a question from the passage such that its answer is shortest continous span from the passage.
Rochester Cathedral, formally the Cathedral Church of Christ and the Blessed Virgin Mary, is an English church of Norman architecture in Rochester, Medway.
| The art style of Rochester Cathedral is what? |
How to use " too " and " to " correctly
Focus on " too " first.
" too " is used less frequently than " to, " so if you know what " too " means, then you can use it just for those specific meanings. You can feel confident that when " too " is not appropriate, " to " is the right choice.
Try stressing (emphasizing) " too " when spoken, to help yourself assess whether it is the correct word. If the word is meant to be " to, " it will sound odd if stressed.
Several people are seen running down the road around a bull with some holding sticks in their hands. the people
crowd around the bull waving sticks and follow the bull around as he gets angry.
Children are seen entering the water area with floats as well as a pet dog in the area. the man
continues to talk to the camera intersperses with images of the people having fun at the water event.
How to use cbd oil
Use a water bong and a healthstone if you already have them.
Place a healthstone, which is a carbon-stone patty, into your bowl and scoop some cbd oil onto the end of a dabber. Then, hold the end of the dabber just over the healthstone and light the dabber with a lighter.
| This will heat up the dabber so that the oil falls onto the healthstone and becomes vaporized. Light the bowl and use the water bong normally, by inhaling through the mouthpiece. |
Customised cups are a great way to stand out from the coffee cup crowd. And get your name around town. From the café to the subway and up to the meeting room, your logo will go everywhere your signature vanilla latte goes.
Please remove spaces between words. | Customisedcupsareagreatwaytostandoutfromthecoffeecupcrowd.Andgetyournamearoundtown.Fromthecafétothesubwayanduptothemeetingroom,yourlogowillgoeverywhereyoursignaturevanillalattegoes. |
Given the following passage "A climbing elevator is a self-ascending elevator with its own propulsion. The propulsion can be done by an electric or a combustion engine. Climbing elevators are used in guyed masts or towers, in order to make easy access to parts of these constructions, such as flight safety lamps for maintenance. An example would be the Moonlight towers in Austin, Texas, where the elevator holds only one person and equipment for maintenance. The Glasgow Tower — an observation tower in Glasgow, Scotland — also makes use of two climbing elevators.", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: What is the purpose of the low capacity lift?
Ans: the elevator holds only one person and equipment for maintenance
Given the following passage "Created by Takashi Okazaki, Afro Samurai was initially a doujinshi, or manga series, which was then made into an animated series by Studio Gonzo. In 2007 the animated series debuted on American cable television on the Spike TV channel (Denison, 2010). The series was produced for American viewers which “embodies the trend... comparing hip-hop artists to samurai warriors, an image some rappers claim for themselves (Solomon, 2009). The storyline keeps in tone with the perception of a samurais finding vengeance against someone who has wronged him. Starring the voice of well known American actor Samuel L. Jackson, “Afro is the second-strongest fighter in a futuristic, yet, still feudal Japan and seeks revenge upon the gunman who killed his father” (King 2008). Due to its popularity, Afro Samurai was adopted into a full feature animated film and also became titles on gaming consoles such as the PlayStation 3 and Xbox. Not only has the samurai culture been adopted into animation and video games, it can also be seen in comic books.", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: What was Takashi's manga series before it was animated?
Ans: a doujinshi
Given the following passage "Dominic's search for a close relationship with God was determined and unceasing. He rarely spoke, so little of his interior life is known. What is known about it comes from accounts written by people near to him. St. Cecilia remembered him as cheerful, charitable and full of unceasing vigor. From a number of accounts, singing was apparently one of Dominic's great delights. Dominic practiced self-scourging and would mortify himself as he prayed alone in the chapel at night for 'poor sinners.' He owned a single habit, refused to carry money, and would allow no one to serve him.", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: What was something that the man spoken about by St. Cecilia do wrong?
Ans: refused to carry money, and would allow no one to serve him
Given the following passage "When not celebrating Mass but still serving a liturgical function, such as the semiannual Urbi et Orbi papal blessing, some Papal Masses and some events at Ecumenical Councils, cardinal deacons can be recognized by the dalmatics they would don with the simple white mitre (so called mitra simplex).", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: What item that can be worn is mentioned here?
| Ans: the dalmatics |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you will be presented with a passage and have to answer a question based on your understanding of the events inferred from the passage. Try to find the best answer that is most likely to fill in "_". Note that the URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].
Q: While every aspiring actor dreams of Hollywood stardom, an A-list career doesn't always show up. For actors hovering somewhere between the big time and the dole queue, there is the comforting world of the British soap opera, where stars are guaranteed regular work and a spot in the nation's living room three times a week. If long-running series such as EastEnders, Coronation Street and Emmerdale have been a launchpad for many an acting career, it's also provided a safe haven for those looking to side-step from a different career or reinvigorate their public profile. Scroll down for video Gracing the cobbles: After first achieving fame with Girls Aloud, Sarah Harding has turned her hand to acting, signing up to appear in four episodes of Coronation StreetSarah Harding and Denise Van Outen are the latest big-name signings to agree to contracts with British soap operasThey join a long line of stars who've looked to soaps to boost their careersBarbara Windsor, Patsy Kensit and Danny Dyer all saw their profiles rise after taking to the small screen
Question:_ and Denise aren't the only names to sign on the dotted line for soaps at an interesting stage in their careers.
A: | Sarah Harding |
Billy was a kooky person, but he wasn't gay. What was he?
Options:
- mainstream
- conventional
- straight
- standard
- ordinary Let's give stream of consciousness first: | Kooky means strange or eccentric. Billy was a kooky person, but he wasn't gay. He was straight.
Therefore, the answer is straight. |
Q: In this task, you are given Wikipedia articles on a range of topics as passages and a question from the passage. We ask you to answer the question by classifying the answer as 0 (False) or 1 (True)
Passage: Doctor (title) -- Doctor is an academic title that originates from the Latin word of the same spelling and meaning. The word is originally an agentive noun of the Latin verb docēre (dɔˈkeːrɛ) 'to teach'. It has been used as an academic title in Europe since the 13th century, when the first Doctorates were awarded at the University of Bologna and the University of Paris. Having become established in European universities, this usage spread around the world. Contracted ``Dr'' or ``Dr.'', it is used as a designation for a person who has obtained a Doctorate (e.g. PhD). In many parts of the world it is also used by medical practitioners, regardless of whether or not they hold a doctoral-level degree.
Question: does a phd give you a dr title
A: | 1 |
For most of the 20th century, Asia asked itself what it could learn from the modern, innovating West. Now the question must be reversed. What can the West's overly indebted and sluggish nations learn from a flourishing Asia? Just a few decades ago, Asia's two giants were stagnating under faulty economic ideologies. However, once China began embracing free-market reforms in the 1980s, followed by India in the 1990s, both countries achieved rapid growth. Crucially, as they opened up their markets, they balanced market economy with sensible government direction. As the Indian economist Amartya Sen has wisely said, "The invisible hand of the market has often relied heavily on the visible hand of government." Contrast this middle path with America and Europe, which have each gone ideologically over-board in their own ways. Since the 1980s, America has been increasingly clinging to the ideology of uncontrolled free markets and dismissing the role of government---following Ronald Regan's idea that "government is not the solution to our problem; government is the problem. "Of course, when the markets came crashing down in 2007, it was decisive government intervention that saved the day. Despite this fact, many Americans are still strongly opposed to "big government." If Americans could only free themselves from their antigovernment doctrine(,), they would begin to see that the America's problems are not insoluble. A few sensible federal measures could put the country back on the right path. A simple consumption tax of, say, 5% would significantly reduce the country's huge government deficit without damaging productivity. A small gasoline tax would help free America from its dependence on oil imports and create motivations for green energy development. In the same way, a significant reduction of wasteful agricultural subsidies could also lower the deficit. But in order to take advantage of these common-sense solutions, Americans will have to put aside their own attachment to the idea of smaller government and less... What has contributed to the rapid economic growth in China and India? A) Free market plus government intervention. B) Timely reform of government at all levels. C) Heavy reliance on the hand of government. D) Copying western-style economic behavior.
Answer: | A |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
You will be given a passage, and your task is to generate a Yes/No question that is answerable based on the given passage.
Ben and Trevor make it home safely, and having finally coped with the loss of his son, Ben meets his estranged wife and gives her the divorce papers. He continues writing, his next novel being about Trevor. He narrates his writing the last few lines, informing the audience that he eventually quit as Trevor's caregiver, but the two remained friends. On Trevor's 21st birthday, Ben went into his room to find Trevor lying dead on the floor and his new caregiver crying on the floor next to him, only to find out Trevor was faking. The caregiver quit the next day.
Output: | did trevor die in the fundamentals of caring? |
The poet was being discussed amoung teenagers using Socratic dialogue, where was this happening?
Options:
- unemployment line
- library
- home
- classroom
- university
Step-by-step reasoning process below:
| Children discuss various poets in their classroom. Classroom is a place where teenagers use socratic dialogues. The answer: classroom. |
Ans: The 180th meridian or antimeridian
Ques: Context: The 180th meridian or antimeridian is the meridian 180 ° east or west of the Prime Meridian, with which it forms a great circle dividing the earth into the Western and Eastern Hemispheres. It is common to both east longitude and west longitude. It is used as the basis for the International Date Line because it mostly passes through the open waters of the Pacific Ocean. However, the meridian passes through Russia and Fiji as well as Antarctica.
Question: what is the name of the meridian at 180 degrees?
CoT: The relevant information to answer the above question is: The 180th meridian or antimeridian is the meridian 180 ° east or west of the Prime Meridian, with which it forms a great circle dividing the earth into the Western and Eastern Hemispheres.
Answer: John Kongos. Now, what could be the question and solution-maybe?
Ques: Context: "He's Gonna Step On You Again" (a.k.a. "Step On") is a song co-written by Christos Demetriou and performed by John Kongos in 1971.
Question: who sang he going to step on you again?
CoT: To answer this question, we should know that: "He's Gonna Step On You Again" (a.k.a. "Step On") is a song co-written by Christos Demetriou and performed by John Kongos in 1971.
Ans: early 2007
Ques: Passage: In early 2007, Apple Inc. introduced the iPhone, the first smartphone to use a capacitive multi-touch interface. (A year prior the LG Prada was the first mobile phone released with a large capacitive touchscreen, but it was not a smartphone, and its screen was not multi-touch.) The iPhone was notable for abandoning the use of a stylus, keyboard, or keypad typical for smartphones at the time, in favor of a large touchscreen for direct finger input as its main means of interaction. Though one columnist described the initial iPhone as "not a smartphone by conventional terms, being that a smartphone is a platform device that allows software to be installed," the opening of Apple's App Store a year later not only satisfied this requirement, but it became the new main paradigm for smartphone software distribution and installation.
Question: Based on this passage, when did the first touch screen smartphone come out?
CoT: The important part for answering this question is: In early 2007, Apple Inc. introduced the iPhone, the first smartphone to use a capacitive multi-touch interface.
Ans: John Roberts
Ques: John Roberts (born November 10, 1971) is an American actor, voice actor, comedian and writer. Roberts portrays Linda Belcher on the animated sitcom Bob's Burgers.
Who does the voice of linda belcher on bob's burgers?
CoT: The relevant information to answer the above question is: Roberts portrays Linda Belcher on the animated sitcom Bob's Burgers.
Answer: 90. Now, what could be the question and solution-maybe?
Ques: The Haryana Vidhan Sabha or the Haryana Legislative Assembly is the unicameral state legislature of Haryana state in northern India. The seat of the Vidhan Sabha is at Chandigarh, the capital of the state. The Vidhan Sabha comprises 90 Members of Legislative Assembly, directly elected from single-seat constituencies. The term of office is five years.
Answer this question based on the passage: how many seats are there in haryana vidhan sabha?
CoT: To answer the above question, the relevant sentence is: The Vidhan Sabha comprises 90 Members of Legislative Assembly, directly elected from single-seat constituencies.
Ans: a Democrat from South Carolina 's 5th congressional district and House Majority Whip
| Ques: Context: Set in 2010s Washington, D.C., House of Cards is the story of Congressman Frank Underwood (Kevin Spacey), a Democrat from South Carolina's 5th congressional district and House Majority Whip. After being passed over for appointment as Secretary of State, he initiates an elaborate plan to get himself into a position of greater power, aided by his wife, Claire Underwood (Robin Wright). The series deals primarily with themes of ruthless pragmatism, manipulation, and power.
Question: what does kevin spacey play in house of cards?
CoT: To answer this question, we should know that: Set in 2010s Washington, D.C., House of Cards is the story of Congressman Frank Underwood (Kevin Spacey), a Democrat from South Carolina's 5th congressional district and House Majority Whip. |
input with options: What was the reason behind you becoming a Wiccan? I had very bad experiences with the old angry bearded GOD in the Christian religion. He had turned his back on me. He had betrayed me time and time again. So, I left. Still wanting connection with a higher power, I hungered for connection. I liked communing with the Wiccan Gods. I also liked how They made me feel, at peace, and I felt I had the strength to change my own life for the better. They are always there for me. How did you find it? When I was a teen I heard the word Wicca. I didn’t know what that was. I was curious and decided to investigate it. So, the next day I went to a book store. I asked the lady behind the counter if they had any books on “Wicca.” She got excited and whisked me off to the metaphysical section of the store. She told me she was pagan and started handing me book after book into my arms. Soon I could barely see over the books in my arms. I mumbled behind the books, “Which ONE book would you recommend.” She then handed me Scott Cunningham’s book Wicca, A Guide for the Solitary Practitioner. I purchased the book and took it home. With my dyslexia it was not easy for me to read. But I started reading and plowed through the book. I found many things I was already doing. He talked about things I already understood to be true. The book rang true for me. I dedicated myself to the God and Goddess when I finished the book. Have you ever had any bad experiences after completing a spell? I did a prosperity spell once and got the opposite reaction I was hoping for. I lost all my income! I realized later my mistakes and redid the spell correctly and then got the results I truly wanted. According to the above context, answer the following question. Where did the author first learn about the book Wicca, "A Guide for the Solitary Practitioner?"
output: from the lady behind the counter at the bookstore
input with options: SEOUL — The U.S. and South Korea remain united in pursing a diplomatic solution to end the North Korean nuclear threat, but their national security priorities may differ over what would be the role of the U.S. military in Korea after a denuclearization deal is reached. “That is going to be the moment of truth, so to speak, when the United States and South Korea will have to agree on what kind of security alliance we want to maintain moving forword,” said Go Myong-Hyun, a North Korea analyst at the Asan Institute for Policy Studies in Seoul. U.S. President Donald Trump on Friday revived the June 12 Singapore summit with North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, eight days after canceling it. Trump said he was convinced of Kim’s commitment to denuclearization by the renewed diplomatic talks that included a visit to Washington by Kim Yong Chol, the North’s former intelligence chief, who carried a letter from the North Korean leader. South Korean President Moon Jae-in has been influential in facilitating the U.S.-North Korea summit, in getting Kim to agree to the broad goal of denuclearization, and in urging Trump to stay committed to the diplomatic process to resolve differences with North Korea. President Trump seems to be leaning now towards Moon’s approach versus the more confrontational stance advocated by some of his security team in demanding that North Korea unilaterally and completely disarm before any concessions are granted. Friday Trump downplayed expectations for a major breakthrough at the summit, saying it will be the beginning of a process. He also backed away from his “maximum pressure” approach that stressed tough sanctions and the threat of military force, focusing instead on brokering an agreement to end the North’s nuclear program for economic aid and security guarantees that could include a peace treaty to replace the armistice that ended the Korean War in 1953. South Korean officials said there is possibility that Moon may join Trump in Singapore to help negotiate a nuclear deal with Kim, as the... According to the above context, answer the following question. Who has been influencial in making the U.S. and North Korea summit happen?
output: South Korean president Moon Jae-in
input with options: When I was 7, I played this computer game where you were “babysitting” and you had to make sure everything was safe for the kids. One of the tasks was that you were supposed to make sure the windows were closed. Well, one game I forgot to close the windows, and these super creepy, red eyes popped in the window like they were looking in at the kids. That literally has made me paranoid about people looking through my windows ever since. When I was 10, I watched an episode of CSI where some guy had a foot fetish and painted his victims toenails before murdering them. Now, something about red toenails just creep me out. I’ve never been able to shake that episode. When I was 11, a girl in my class told me that she had played the game “Bloody Mary” in her bathroom and explained to me what it was. Ever since then, I literally cannot be in a dark bathroom, and if something happens like the power goes out or something, I instantly close my eyes and get the hell outta there as fast as I can. When I was 15, my boyfriend wanted to take me to “see his grandpa’s farm”. I legit thought he was taking me to meet his grandpa. Well, turns out, he was just wanted to get me in the middle of nowhere so he could take advantage of me. After he had raped me, I felt like I was smaller than an ant. I felt absolutely trashed. I had always planned on being a virgin until I got married. But he took that from me. On the way back home, we drove over this bridge. I remember driving over this bridge thinking that I was totally worthless. Now, almost 10 years later, every time I drive over that bridge, I get horrible flashbacks and avoid it at all cost. According to the above context, answer the following question. Why did she feel worthless after driving across the bridge?
output: She was raped.
input with options: Not exactly. I have no problem with divorce since, as others have stated, everyone has their reasons, however there was one person that I dated briefly but upon hearing the reason why he divorced I opted to end the relationship. I remember, we were having brunch and were talking about our past relationships and what happened. He brought up his marriage. I had previously known his divorce but, up until this point, not the reasoning. He told me, straight out, that he had cheated. Now, cheating in itself is one thing. I try not to judge since everyone has a past and I was never always innocent myself, however his attitude about it was what was very off-putting to me. He didn’t seem remotely fazed by what he was telling me at all. There he was, spreading jelly on his toast as he told me about all the women he had cheated on his wife with. He told me about how it had started with a secretary (talk about cliches!) and then graduated to trysts in motels with girls off Tinder all with the same amount of casualness as someone describing how to make an omelette! And when he finally finished the tale of his cheating adventures I asked him if he regretted cheating on his wife with so many women, His answer? “Oh Definitely.” Oh good! So at least he regrets his actions, right? Or he’s at least a little sorry about it> Wrong. “One of the reasons I regret not divorcing her sooner. Had I divorced her sooner, I wouldn’t have to have cheated on her so much. But it is what it is and, well, I was unhappy.” I have no problems with divorced men. I can forgive a man who has cheated in his past. But a man who had no problems cheating so frivolously and, in all honestly, would likely do it again without problems? Nope, not for me. According to the above context, answer the following question. When were they having brunch?
output: | After his divorce. |
In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question.
Q: Question: In what city is the school that Porter attended from 1969-1973? Passage:Claire Porter was born in New Britain, Connecticut, where, as a child, she was a star athlete and danced in a local studio. After she earned her BA in Mathematics from the College of New Rochelle in New York, she became a computer programmer for G.E. Analytical Engineering in Schenectady, New York. Porter returned to her dancing roots after witnessing a performance by Maria Tallchief. She then attended Sonoma State University in California from 1969-1973. At Sonoma State, she studied dance, taught Family Dance, Exercise, and Children’s Dance, and directed a dance company of 12 members. Porter eventually moved from California to Ohio to study dance at Ohio State University. It was there that Porter discovered Laban Movement Analysis and began exploring gestures, acting, writing, and voice. She later received her certification for Laban Movement Analysis at the Laban/Bartenieff Institute of Movement Studies NYC. She earned her MA in Dance from Ohio State and has continued the exploration of gestural movement as a teacher, choreographer and performer.
Links: a. Rudolf von Laban b. Laban movement analysis c. Sonoma State University d. Maria Tallchief
A: | c |
Given a context passage, generate a question from the passage such that its answer is shortest continous span from the passage.
Q: Sleep disorders are frequent comorbidities in neurologic patients. This review focuses on clinical aspects and prognosis of 3 neurologic sleep disorders: narcolepsy, restless legs syndrome/Willis-Ekbom disease (RLS/WED), and REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD). Narcolepsy causes pervasive, enduring excessive daytime sleepiness, adversely affecting patients' daily functioning. RLS/WED is characterized by an uncomfortable urge to move the legs before sleep, often evolving toward augmentation and resulting in daylong bothersome symptoms. RBD causes potentially injurious dream enactment behaviors that often signify future evolution of overt synucleinopathy neurodegeneration in as many as 81% of patients. Timely recognition, referral for polysomnography, and longitudinal follow-up of narcolepsy, RLS/WED, and RBD patients are imperatives for neurologists in providing quality comprehensive patient care.
A: | Willis-Ekbom disease is also known as? |
Callimaco is taken by the beauty of Lucrezia , but she is the loyal wife of Nicia , a rich and foolish lawyer . Callimaco hires the service of a shady ` fixer ' named Ligurio to aid in his quest to sleep with her . Lgurio informs Callimaco that Nicia and Lucrezia are anxious to have a child . With the fixer's help , . Callimaco masquerades as a doctor and convinces Nicia that the best way for Lucrezia to conceive a child is by her taking a potion made from the Mandrake Root . He lies and warns Nicia that the first man to sleep with Lucrezia after she has taken the potion will die within eight days . Together they devise a plan to kidnap a stranger to sleep with Lucrezia and draw out the poison . Callimaco then disguises himself and arranges to be the one who is kidnapped . Lucrezia is an honorable woman and does not at first agree to meet with the stranger . Nicia gets both Lucrezia's mother , a woman of ill repute , and her confessor Brother Timoteo , a priest of low morals , to aid in convincing Lucrezia of the necessity of the plan . After finally sleeping with Lucrezia , Callimaco confesses everything . Lucrezia gives thought to the duplicity of her husband , her mother , and her confessor , and decides that she now wants Callimaco as a lover forever . Callimaco gets what he had desired and everyone else continues to believe that each had outwitted the others .
Who helped Callimaco masquerade as a doctor?
(CNN) -- The photographer who took images of former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto moments before her assassination Thursday told CNN he was "surprised" to see her rise through the sunroof of her vehicle to wave to supporters after delivering her speech. Getty Images photographer John Moore captured Benazir Bhutto waving, moments before he heard gunshots. "I ran up, got as close as I got, made a few pictures of her waving to the crowd," Getty Images senior staff photographer John Moore told CNN's online streaming news service, CNN.com Live, in a phone interview Thursday from Islamabad, Pakistan. "And then suddenly, there were a few gunshots that rang out, and she went down, she went down through the sunroof," he said. "And just at that moment I raised my camera up and the blast happened. ... And then, of course, there was chaos." Watch Moore describe Bhutto's final moments » Moore said he was about 20 yards away from Bhutto's vehicle when he took his photographs. Bhutto was rushed to Rawalpindi General Hospital, where she was pronounced dead. Moore said he had been following Bhutto's story since her return to Pakistan in October. He was present October 19 when a terror attack targeting her motorcade in Karachi killed 136 people. In the aftermath of that attack, "The rallies had been very small," because of high security, Moore said. However, the Rawalpindi rally was announced beforehand, he observed. "Whoever planned this attack -- they had time on their hands to plan everything properly, and you saw the results today," he said. Between 5,000 and 8,000 were at the Rawalpindi rally, which was held at a parkground, he said. "We [the news media] all expected it to be filled ... but there were less people there than most of us expected to see," he said. "When I talked with a number of people, they said that people were just afraid to come out, for the simple reason that they all remembered what happened in Karachi." Moore said he himself expected there could be another attack following the Karachi massacre. He said he stayed away from gates at the Rawalpindi parkground, where police were searching people, because he suspected that's where a bomb would go off.
Why were there less people than the news reporters expected to see?
On a day it celebrated 50 years of giving free legal advice, Southern Arizona Legal Aid announced it has received two grants totaling more than $7 million. One of the grants includes the creation of a Web site with legal advice for the poor. A three-year grant worth $6.6 million and a separate technology grant were announced at a press conference and dinner held Thursday at Evo. A. DeConcini Federal Courthouse, 405 W. Congress St. Deconcini was one of the organization's early board members. Thursday's celebration was the first public even held at the courthouse. About 100 members of the legal community attended, including state Attorney General Janet Napolitano and Arizona Supreme Court Justice Thomas Zlaket. Both grants come from the Legal Services., a private, nonprofit corporation established by Congress in 1974 to offer poor people equal access to the justice system. It's funded through congressional appropriation. The $6.6 million grant will pay for staffing operations. The Web site, which will be created with a $50,000 grant, is intended to offer legal advice to poor people across Arizona, said Paul Julian, chief executive officer of Southern Arizona Legal Aid. He said he wants every poor person in Arizona to have legal help. "This is another step in trying to realize that. We feel like we do a pretty good job of helping people who find us," Julian said. Julian said that though most people do not own computers, they can still access them at libraries, schools, and courthouses. He said the Web site will help bridge the "digital divide" that keeps the poor from using the Internet as a resource. Southern Arizona Legal Aid was founded in 1951 as the Legal Aid Society of the Pima County Bar Association. It offered free legal advice on civil matters including disputes in small claims court, divorce proceedings and obtaining Social Security benefits. Charles Ares, a member of the board of directors in the 1950s, said the office was kind of a charity operation.
| What grants did Southern Arizona Legal Aid receive on the day it celebrated 50 years of giving free legal advice? |
likely,asteroidsarematerialthatnevercoalescedintoaplanet.
likely, asteroids are material that never coalesced into a planet.
SonofAndersMichelsenandBodelNielsdatter
Son of Anders Michelsen and Bodel Nielsdatter
Thismeritedaninvestigationbuteventuallynothingcameofit.
This merited an investigation but eventually nothing came of it.
ThebattleofSadowadecidedthesupremacyofoneoftwobourgeoismonarchies,theAustrianorthePrussian,increatingaGermannationalcapitaliststate.
| The battle of Sadowa decided the supremacy of one of two bourgeois monarchies, the Austrian or the Prussian, in creating a German national capitalist state. |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you will be presented with a question and you have to answer the question based on your knowledge. Your answers should be as short as possible.
In which round of the 1995 NHL Entry Draft was the player who scored 1 goal drafted ?
| Eighth Round |
Something that has always interested me about Abraham Lincoln is, not surprisingly, his sense of humor. As far as I can tell, he's the first American President to have one. That's because the term"sense of humor" really wasn't in common usage until the eighteen-sixties and seventies. In the eighteen-forties and fifties, it was called"the sense of the ridiculous," and didn't have the positive connotations that"sense of humor" has today. Back then, what was ridiculous was what invited ridicule . Funniness and cruelty went hand in hand. Of course, they still do a lot of arm-in-arm walking in our day as well. Lincoln's humor was very different because, for one thing, it was actually "humor"as what the word meant in his time. We don't make the distinction between "wit "and "humor"anymore; but in the nineteenth century people did. Wit was unpleasant and offensive while humor was pleasant and sympathetic. It's the difference we note now when we distinguish between "laughing with" and "laughing at". Lincoln was much more about "laughing with" than "laughing at". And when "laughing at, " it was often himself he was teasing. In the famous Lincoln-Douglas debates, when Douglas accused Lincoln of being two-faced, Lincoln replied, referencing his plain looking, "Honestly, if I were two-faced, would I be showing you this one?"And, in a way, Lincoln's face itself tells us much about his sense of humor. You can comb through thousands of photographs of politicians, soldiers, and the like from Lincoln's time and not find a single smile. True, the long exposures required for photographs of that time made smiling difficult. Yet Lincoln alone, as far as I can tell, overcame that difficulty. Interestingly, while having a sense of humor, or at least the appearance of one provided by comedy writers has become a necessary characteristic for an American President in our time, in the nineteenth century, too much humor was considered problem. And that was the case for Lincoln. A journalist covering the Lincoln-Douglas debates... What might the writer think of the journalist covering the Lincoln-Douglas debates? A) His comment accurately reflected his time B) He created a false picture of Lincoln C) He was prejudiced and self-centered D) He was brave to point out Lincoln's weakness
A
(Question)
How to make friends with people from a different culture? The rules are as follows: RULE 1: Appreciate the Person. Most Americans like to be recognized as individuals as someone special with unique characteristics and personalities. Therefore, never say, " You're from America so I want to be your friend." Also don't imply that the reason why you approached them is because you wanted someone to practice your English with. That turns people off. Instead try saying," You seem like a real nice and interesting person and I would like to get to know you better." This way, they are much more inclined to be friendly because you see them as a three dimensional person and appreciate them for who they are in the inside. And by doing so, you not only learn about America and practice your English, but also gain a real friend in the process. RULE 2:Quit Calling Us Foreigners. Please refrain from calling a foreigner a foreigner especially in his face. The word makes people feel like an outsider, and even unwelcome, suggesting separation and insurmountable differences, widening an already existing gap in the situation. When Americans travel, they rarely say, "I'm foreign to your place." They tend to say, "I'm new in town. I'm new here." The reason is because new and unfamiliar things can become old and familiar. But can foreign things become native? Aha? You catch my drift. RULE 3: Just Do It. Some students like to be told about American culture but are less interested in spending the time and the effort to actually experience it. As Americans always say, "Get your hands dirty." Until you have first hand and hands on experience, you'll never really know anything. Right? So whenever you have the opportunity to participate in American culture, don't just sit there and watch. Get up and get involved! RULE 4: Find that Common Language. Now I must stress the importance of finding a common language. By that I don't mean English, Chinese, German, French, etc. I mean finding something you have in common with... According to the passage, which of the following is friendly? A) I am longing to make friends with an American. B) This is my friend Tom, who is a foreigner. C) There must be a gap between us in many aspects. D) You've got a great personality.
(Answer)
D
Ques: Swedish sinologist Malmqvist celebrated his 85th birthday with his 20 more students in the Dragon House restaurant in Stockholm on Monday. During the dinner, he accepted a brief interview with the people's Daily Online. While refusing to answer the question relating to the Nobel Prize since he himself is a member of the Nobel Prize Committee in Literature,he said his greatest wish is to have a Chinese writer to wit]the Nobel Prize. He said that there had been a Chinese writer who won the Nobel Prize. That was Gao Xingjian who is a French citizen but writes in Chinese. He also quoted former premier Zhu Rongji's remark on Gao's winning. "I'm glad to hear that Chinese literature works can win the Nobel Prize. Chinese language has some thousand years of history and has great attraction. I believe more Chinese literature works will win the prize. " Being asked whether translation is an obstacle for Chinese literature to be widely recognized in the west,professor Malmqvist agreed. "Chinese literature has entered world. For me,it is not an obstacle. I have translated more than 40 Chinese books,Anna Chen also translated about 30,but it is not enough. Translation work needs to be strengthened so that more western readers Call appreciate Chinese literature. But the translation must be good. One cannot rewrite the story. One must obey the original,learn the original language. " Professor Malmqvist came toprefix = st1 /Chinain 1948 to study Chinese and has translated Chinese classic novels such as the Journey to the West. He said Chinese language is one of the greatest and most beautiful languages. in Malmqvist's opinion,why hasn't Chinese literature been widely recognized in the west? A) There are. no good translators in the west. B) No Chinese writers have ever won the Nobel Prize. C) Western readers don't like Chinese literature. D) Translation work remains to be strengthened.
Ans: D
Adam Smith was the first person to see the importance of the division of the labor. He gave us an example of the process by which pins were made in England. One man draws out the wire, another strengthens it, a third cuts it, a fourth points it, and a fifth gives it a head. Just to make the head requires two or three different operations. The work of making pins is divided into about eighteen different operations, which in some factories are all performed by different people, though in others the same man will sometimes perform two or three of them. Ten men, Smith said, in this way, turned out twelve pounds of pins a day or about 4,800 pins a worker. But if all of them had worked separately and independently without division of labor, they certainly could not have made twenty pins in a day and not even one. There can be no doubt that division of labor is an efficient way of organizing work. Fewer people can make more pins. Adam Smith saw this, but he also took it for granted that the division of labor is itself responsible for economic growth and development and it accounts for the difference between expanding economies and those that stand still. In fact, the division of labor adds nothing new, and it only enables people to produce more of what they already have. According to the writer, Adam Smith's mistake was in believing that the division of labor _ . A) was an efficient way of organizing work B) was an important development in methods of production C) finally led to economic development D) increased the production of existing goods
| C |
But there has to be a limit, as you acknowledge. Perpetual copyright is not permitted. Who is the judge of -- within that line? Who is the judge of when it becomes unlimited? Is there, in other words, judicial review and, if there is, what standard would this Court apply to determine whether something short of perpetual is still unlimited?
Based on the paragraph above can we conclude that "Copyrights aren't for forever."? | Yes |
WASHINGTON (CNN) -- The United States Mint launched a new coin Tuesday featuring jazz legend Duke Ellington, making him the first African-American to appear by himself on a circulating U.S. coin. The District of Columbia coin honoring Duke Ellington was introduced Tuesday in Washington. Ellington, the composer of classics including "It Don't Mean a Thing If It Ain't Got That Swing" appears on the "tails" side of the new D.C. quarter. George Washington is on the "heads" side, as is usual with U.S. quarters. The coin was issued to celebrate Ellington's birthplace, the District of Columbia. U.S. Mint Director Ed Moy introduced the new coin at a news conference Tuesday at the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American History.
The
OPTIONS:
- African-American distinguishes between circulating coins, which are intended for daily use, and commemorative ones, which mark special occasions.
- CNN distinguishes between circulating coins, which are intended for daily use, and commemorative ones, which mark special occasions.
- Coin distinguishes between circulating coins, which are intended for daily use, and commemorative ones, which mark special occasions.
- D.C. distinguishes between circulating coins, which are intended for daily use, and commemorative ones, which mark special occasions.
- District of Columbia distinguishes between circulating coins, which are intended for daily use, and commemorative ones, which mark special occasions.
- Duke Ellington distinguishes between circulating coins, which are intended for daily use, and commemorative ones, which mark special occasions.
- Ed Moy distinguishes between circulating coins, which are intended for daily use, and commemorative ones, which mark special occasions.
- Ellington distinguishes between circulating coins, which are intended for daily use, and commemorative ones, which mark special occasions.
- George Washington distinguishes between circulating coins, which are intended for daily use, and commemorative ones, which mark special occasions.
- It Don't Mean a Thing If It Ain't Got That Swing distinguishes between circulating coins, which are intended for daily use, and commemorative ones, which mark special occasions.
- National Museum of American History distinguishes between circulating coins, which are intended for daily use, and commemorative ones, which mark special occasions.
- Smithsonian distinguishes between circulating coins, which are intended for daily use, and commemorative ones, which mark special occasions.
- Smithsonian Institution distinguishes between circulating coins, which are intended for daily use, and commemorative ones, which mark special occasions.
- U.S. distinguishes between circulating coins, which are intended for daily use, and commemorative ones, which mark special occasions.
- United States Mint distinguishes between circulating coins, which are intended for daily use, and commemorative ones, which mark special occasions.
- WASHINGTON distinguishes between circulating coins, which are intended for daily use, and commemorative ones, which mark special occasions.
- Washington distinguishes between circulating coins, which are intended for daily use, and commemorative ones, which mark special occasions.
| United States Mint distinguishes between circulating coins, which are intended for daily use, and commemorative ones, which mark special occasions. |
Theism generally holds that God exists realistically, objectively, and independently of human thought; that God created and sustains everything; that God is omnipotent and eternal; and that God is personal and interacting with the universe through, for example, religious experience and the prayers of humans. Theism holds that God is both transcendent and immanent; thus, God is simultaneously infinite and in some way present in the affairs of the world. Not all theists subscribe to all of these propositions, but each usually subscribes to some of them (see, by way of comparison, family resemblance). Catholic theology holds that God is infinitely simple and is not involuntarily subject to time. Most theists hold that God is omnipotent, omniscient, and benevolent, although this belief raises questions about God's responsibility for evil and suffering in the world. Some theists ascribe to God a self-conscious or purposeful limiting of omnipotence, omniscience, or benevolence. Open Theism, by contrast, asserts that, due to the nature of time, God's omniscience does not mean the deity can predict the future. Theism is sometimes used to refer in general to any belief in a god or gods, i.e., monotheism or polytheism.
If it is possible to answer this question, answer it for me (else, reply "unanswerable"): What ways can God interact with the universe?
Ah, so.. religious experience and the prayers of humans
Along with the rest of South West England, Somerset has a temperate climate which is generally wetter and milder than the rest of the country. The annual mean temperature is approximately 10 °C (50.0 °F). Seasonal temperature variation is less extreme than most of the United Kingdom because of the adjacent sea temperatures. The summer months of July and August are the warmest with mean daily maxima of approximately 21 °C (69.8 °F). In winter mean minimum temperatures of 1 °C (33.8 °F) or 2 °C (35.6 °F) are common. In the summer the Azores high pressure affects the south-west of England, but convective cloud sometimes forms inland, reducing the number of hours of sunshine. Annual sunshine rates are slightly less than the regional average of 1,600 hours. In December 1998 there were 20 days without sun recorded at Yeovilton. Most the rainfall in the south-west is caused by Atlantic depressions or by convection. Most of the rainfall in autumn and winter is caused by the Atlantic depressions, which is when they are most active. In summer, a large proportion of the rainfall is caused by sun heating the ground leading to convection and to showers and thunderstorms. Average rainfall is around 700 mm (28 in). About 8–15 days of snowfall is typical. November to March have the highest mean wind speeds, and June to August the lightest winds. The predominant wind direction is from the south-west.
If it is possible to answer this question, answer it for me (else, reply "unanswerable"): How much snowfall falls in a typical year?
Ah, so.. unanswerable
The easternmost section, about 10 miles (16 km) in width, consists of hilly land that runs along the western bank of the Tennessee River. To the west of this narrow strip of land is a wide area of rolling hills and streams that stretches all the way to the Mississippi River; this area is called the Tennessee Bottoms or bottom land. In Memphis, the Tennessee Bottoms end in steep bluffs overlooking the river. To the west of the Tennessee Bottoms is the Mississippi Alluvial Plain, less than 300 feet (90 m) above sea level. This area of lowlands, flood plains, and swamp land is sometimes referred to as the Delta region. Memphis is the economic center of West Tennessee and the largest city in the state.
If it is possible to answer this question, answer it for me (else, reply "unanswerable"): What is the lowland area of Tennessee between the Tennessee River and Mississippi River called?
Ah, so.. | Tennessee Bottoms |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you will be shown a correct English sentence. You need to generate an incorrect form of the input sentence.
Such unwritten law is furious , but our world is furious .
| Such unwritten law is very furious , but our world is the furious . |
I have never been a stop-and-smell-the-roses type of person. For me, there’s always something that has to be done. In fact, the biggest complaint that my husband and two children have about me is that I’m “always busy.” Seventeen years ago, when my oldest son was about a year old, he woke up in a very fussy mood. Instead of being his usual cheerful and compliant self, he just wanted to be cuddled. A mother’s dream, right? Well, not for me. There was too much to be done; I didn’t have time to hold him. I was well aware that in addition to some projects I was working on, there was laundry to be washed and ironed, breakfast dishes to do, a house that needed cleaning. My usual response would have been to try to coax my son into cheerfulness, or to put him back to bed to sleep it off. But it was clear that he was unwell, so against my usual inclination, I decided that I would just hold him. The chores could wait another day. So I settled into the recliner chair in the lounge room and held my son while he slept. I dozed occasionally too, waking up now and then to enjoy the feeling of snuggling my baby and looking at the world beyond the window. It was a cold day, but clear and sunny. The trees rustled in the gentle breeze, and birds and butterflies flitted about the garden. Inside, my son and I stayed snuggled together under a blanket for most of the day. He slept while I, for one of the few times in my life, just drank in the beauty of the world and the happiness of sharing this time with my son. Better mothers than I am must have done similar things many, many times with their children. But for me, this very small decision, this day of ‘laziness’, became a treasured memory. With whom did the author spend her day of laziness? Pick the correct answer from the following options: - not enough information - her two children - Her husband - John
A: | John |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you will be presented with a passage and have to answer a question based on your understanding of the events inferred from the passage. Try to find the best answer that is most likely to fill in "_". Note that the URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].
I would love David Cameron to have to put his hand into a box of second-hand men's pants and fish out a pair. This is exactly what the queue of empty-eyed refugees before me are watching me do. There won't be enough to go around. The queue snakes out of sight stretching back some 500 metres from Rome's central Tiburtina station. 'Give each man jeans, pants, socks, a t-shirt and, if he's travelling straight away, give him a bag and shoes,' an Italian co-ordinator at the city's Boabab Refugee Centre instructs volunteers. As soon as a new load of donated clothes and shoes arrive, we pounce on them, hoping they'll be something for the latest refugee we've been asked to help.Mary Stuart-Miller, 55, initially spent one night volunteering in RomeSurrey mum-of-three now spends 180 euros a week cooking for refugeesProvides clothing and shoes to both homeless and migrants in Italian city
Question:To make the euros go further, I soak beans, chick peas and grains, I cook seasonal vegetable curry, and I prepare roast chicken, _'s famous 'Amatriciana' pasta, rice and tuna salad and bean pasta.
| Rome |
In this task, you are given Wikipedia articles on a range of topics, we ask you to write a question based on the content of the articles that can be answered in a binary manner i.e. True or False.
Example input: Property tax -- Property tax or 'house tax' is a local tax on buildings, along with appurtenant land. It is and imposed on the Possessor (not the custodian of property as per 1978, 44th amendment of constitution). It resembles the US-type wealth tax and differs from the excise-type UK rate. The tax power is vested in the states and is delegated to local bodies, specifying the valuation method, rate band, and collection procedures. The tax base is the annual rental value (ARV) or area-based rating. Owner-occupied and other properties not producing rent are assessed on cost and then converted into ARV by applying a percentage of cost, usually four percent. Vacant land is generally exempt. Central government properties are exempt. Instead a 'service charge' is permissible under executive order. Properties of foreign missions also enjoy tax exemption without requiring reciprocity. The tax is usually accompanied by service taxes, e.g., water tax, drainage tax, conservancy (sanitation) tax, lighting tax, all using the same tax base. The rate structure is flat on rural (panchayat) properties, but in the urban (municipal) areas it is mildly progressive with about 80% of assessments falling in the first two brackets.
Example output: is house tax and property tax are same
Example explanation: The question generated asks whether the house tax and property tax are the same and can be answered by reading the passage. Additionally, it has a binary answer and hence the generated question is correct.
Q: Wells Fargo Advisors -- Wells Fargo Advisors is a subsidiary of Wells Fargo, located in Charlotte, North Carolina. It is the ninth largest brokerage firm in the United States as of August 17, 2017 with $490 billion retail client assets under management.
A: | is wells fargo advisors part of wells fargo bank |
Ans: a state college
Ques: Miami Dade College, or simply Miami Dade or MDC, is a state college located in Miami, Florida. Miami Dade has eight campuses and twenty-one outreach centers located throughout Miami-Dade County. Founded in 1959, Miami Dade is the largest college in the Florida College System with over 165,000 students. Additionally, MDC is also the largest institution of higher education in Florida, and the second-largest in the United States. Miami Dade College's main campus, the Wolfson Campus, is in Downtown Miami.
Answer this question: what type of school is miami dade college?
CoT: To answer the above question, the relevant sentence is: Miami Dade College, or simply Miami Dade or MDC, is a state college located in Miami, Florida.
Ans: an ellipsis
Ques: The most common form of an ellipsis is a row of three periods or full stops (...) or a precomposed triple-dot glyph (...). The usage of the em dash (--) can overlap the usage of the ellipsis, especially in dialogue. Style guides often have their own rules governing the use of ellipses. For example, The Chicago Manual of Style recommends that an ellipsis be formed by typing three periods, each with a space on both sides (...). Whether or not an ellipsis at the end of a sentence needs a fourth dot to finish the sentence is a matter of debate; for example, Chicago advises it, but the OxfordWords blog has suggested that a full stop is considered to be paradoxical to an ellipsis used to indicate an incomplete thought, so it is omitted.
What are the dots after a sentence called?
CoT: To answer this question, we should know that: The most common form of an ellipsis is a row of three periods or full stops (...) or a precomposed triple-dot glyph (...).
Answer: The Bill of Rights. Now, what could be the question and solution-maybe?
Ques: The Bill of Rights is the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution. Proposed following the oftentimes bitter 1787 -- 88 battle over ratification of the U.S. Constitution, and crafted to address the objections raised by Anti-Federalists, the Bill of Rights amendments add to the Constitution specific guarantees of personal freedoms and rights, clear limitations on the government's power in judicial and other proceedings, and explicit declarations that all powers not specifically delegated to Congress by the Constitution are reserved for the states or the people. The concepts codified in these amendments are built upon those found in several earlier documents, including the Virginia Declaration of Rights and the English Bill of Rights 1689, along with earlier documents such as Magna Carta (1215). In practice, the amendments had little impact on judgements by the courts for the first 150 years after ratification.
Based on this passage, what is the name of the first 10 amendments to the constitution?
CoT: To answer this question, we should know that: The Bill of Rights is the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution.
Ans: Eminent domain ( United States , Philippines ) , land acquisition ( Singapore ) , compulsory purchase ( United Kingdom , New Zealand , Ireland ) , resumption ( Hong Kong , Uganda ) , resumption / compulsory acquisition ( Australia ) , or expropriation ( France , Italy , Mexico , South Africa , Canada , Brazil , Portugal , Spain , Chile , Denmark , Sweden , Germany )
Ques: Eminent domain (United States, Philippines), land acquisition (Singapore), compulsory purchase (United Kingdom, New Zealand, Ireland), resumption (Hong Kong, Uganda), resumption / compulsory acquisition (Australia), or expropriation (France, Italy, Mexico, South Africa, Canada, Brazil, Portugal, Spain, Chile, Denmark, Sweden, Germany) is the power of a state, provincial, or national government to take private property for public use. However, this power can be legislatively delegated by the state to municipalities, government subdivisions, or even to private persons or corporations, when they are authorized by the legislature to exercise the functions of public character.
The condemnation of private property for public use is allowed under the state's right of?
CoT: To answer this question, we should know that: Eminent domain (United States, Philippines), land acquisition (Singapore), compulsory purchase (United Kingdom, New Zealand, Ireland), resumption (Hong Kong, Uganda), resumption / compulsory acquisition (Australia), or expropriation (France, Italy, Mexico, South Africa, Canada, Brazil, Portugal, Spain, Chile, Denmark, Sweden, Germany) is the power of a state, provincial, or national government to take private property for public use.
Ans: 79
Ques: While the show initially enjoyed high ratings, the average rating of the show at the end of its first season dropped to 52nd out of 94 programs. Unhappy with the show's ratings, NBC threatened to cancel the show during its second season. The show's fan base, led by Bjo Trimble, conducted an unprecedented letter-writing campaign, petitioning the network to keep the show on the air. NBC renewed the show, but moved it from primetime to the "Friday night death slot", and substantially reduced its budget. In protest Roddenberry resigned as producer and reduced his direct involvement in Star Trek, which led to Fred Freiberger becoming producer for the show's third and final season. Despite another letter-writing campaign, NBC cancelled the series after three seasons and 79 episodes.
Answer this question: how many episodes of star trek in total?
CoT: This is the relevant information: Despite another letter-writing campaign, NBC cancelled the series after three seasons and 79 episodes.
Answer: Millie Bobby Brown. Now, what could be the question and solution-maybe?
| Ques: Jane Hopper, also known as Eleven, is a fictional character from the Netflix series Stranger Things. Portrayed by Millie Bobby Brown, she is a girl with psychokinetic and telepathic abilities and a limited vocabulary.
Answer this question: who's the girl that plays 11 on stranger things?
CoT: The important part for answering this question is: Portrayed by Millie Bobby Brown, she is a girl with psychokinetic and telepathic abilities and a limited vocabulary. |
instruction:
In this task, you will be presented with a passage and have to answer a question based on your understanding of the events inferred from the passage. Try to find the best answer that is most likely to fill in "_". Note that the URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].
question:
Daily Show host Jon Stewart took his life into his hands on Monday night when he entered the wrestling ring to spar with WWE star Seth Rollins. The feud had been simmering between the pair for the past two weeks after current Money In The Bank-title holder Rollins claimed that he could do a better job of hosting the Comedy Central show. Stewart then issued a challenge to Rollins via a cell phone clip before the two men briefly came face-to-face on The Daily Show itself last week when Rollins got Stewart in a headlock. Scroll down for videos Daily Show host Jon Stewart took his life into his hands on Monday night when he entered the wrestling ring to spar with WWE star Seth Rollins as their feud continuedDaily Show host Stewart took his life into his hands when he entered the wrestling ring to spar with WWE star Seth Rollins as their feud continuedA feud has been simmering after the Bank-title holder Rollins claimed that he could do a better job of hosting the Comedy Central showAs Rollins was about to hit Stewart, WrestleMania opponent Randy Orton interrupted proceedings and gave Stewart time to kick Rollins
Question:The pair’s beef started two weeks ago when _ had proudly boasted that he had aspirations beyond being 'the future of WWE'.
answer:
Seth Rollins
question:
Washington (CNN) President Donald Trump will begin work Friday dismantling the financial regulations enacted after the 2008 economic crisis, hours after the first major economic report of his administration is released. Trump's executive moves won't have an immediate effect on Wall Street oversight. But they're likely to draw sharp criticism from Democrats and reform proponents who say the regulations that the President is looking to scrap could prevent another meltdown. In two executive actions, Trump plans to direct his administration to evaluate regulatory action taken by his predecessor, Barack Obama, with an eye toward eliminating what his advisers say are burdensome rules on financial services firms and consumers.Trump will issue a broad directive meant to garner input from the heads of federal regulatory agencies on areas for reformA second action will direct the Department of Labor to cease implementation of an Obama administration rule on retirement investment advisers
Question:But the _ administration official said the rule was a "complete mess" with a litany of unintended consequences.
answer:
Donald Trump
question:
Together they wrote a string of chart-topping hits for some of the world's biggest stars and created the memorable theme tune of Australian television soap Neighbours. Tony Hatch and Jackie Trent, who were married for more than three decades, were dubbed 'Mr and Mrs Music' after composing for artists including Frank Sinatra, Dean Martin, Scott Walker, Shirley Bassey and Petula Clark. So when Trent died last month aged 74 after a long battle with cancer, Hatch was expected to be at her funeral to say a final goodbye. True, their marriage had ended in divorce, but they had a daughter together and one of the most successful creative unions in showbusiness.Tony Hatch and Jackie Trent wrote chart-topping hits for musical superstarsThey divorced after three decades of marriage but have a daughter togetherBut he did not attend her funeral when Trent died at the age of 74 last monthHer second husband 'banned Hatch from funeral for breaking his wife's heart'
Question:And when he said he wanted to invite _ to the cremation, I said quite firmly, "No.
answer:
| Tony Hatch
|
Q: Given the following passage "The junior U.S. Senator from Massachusetts, Paul Tsongas, announced in 1984 that he would be stepping down for health reasons. Kerry ran, and as in his 1982 race for Lieutenant Governor, he did not receive the endorsement of the party regulars at the state Democratic convention. Congressman James Shannon, a favorite of House Speaker Tip O'Neill, was the early favorite to win the nomination, and he "won broad establishment support and led in early polling." Again as in 1982, however, Kerry prevailed in a close primary.", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: Why did Tsongas not run for the nomination?
A: health reasons
Q: Given the following passage "The sovereignty of szlachta was ended in 1795 by Partitions of Poland, and until 1918 their legal status was dependent on policies of the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Prussia or the Habsburg Monarchy.", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: The szlachta lost?
A: sovereignty
Q: Given the following passage "The Times features news for the first half of the paper, the Opinion/Comment section begins after the first news section with world news normally following this. The business pages begin on the centre spread, and are followed by The Register, containing obituaries, Court & Social section, and related material. The sport section is at the end of the main paper. The Times current prices are £1.20 for the daily edition and £1.50 for the Saturday edition.", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: What is the last part of The Times?
A: The sport section
Q: Given the following passage "Tom Robinson is the chief example among several innocents destroyed carelessly or deliberately throughout the novel. However, scholar Christopher Metress connects the mockingbird to Boo Radley: "Instead of wanting to exploit Boo for her own fun (as she does in the beginning of the novel by putting on gothic plays about his history), Scout comes to see him as a 'mockingbird'—that is, as someone with an inner goodness that must be cherished." The last pages of the book illustrate this as Scout relates the moral of a story Atticus has been reading to her, and in allusions to both Boo Radley and Tom Robinson states about a character who was misunderstood, "when they finally saw him, why he hadn't done any of those things ... Atticus, he was real nice," to which he responds, "Most people are, Scout, when you finally see them."", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: What did Atticus tell Scout?
A: | Most people are, Scout, when you finally see them |
In this task, you are given an article. Your task is to summarize the article in a sentence.
[Q]: After all, it was unusual for a prime minister to use the bully pulpit in India to exhort people to end this appalling practice and build more toilets.
A staggering 70% of Indians living in villages - or some 550 million people - defecate in the open. Even 13% of urban households do so. Open defecation continues to be high despite decades of sustained economic growth - and despite the obvious and glaring health hazards.
The situation is so bad that open defecation is more common in India than in that are poorer countries such as Bangladesh, Kenya, Democratic Republic of Congo, Malawi, Burundi and Rwanda.
But building toilets may not be enough to end open defecation in India, a new study has found.
A team of researchers asked people in 3,235 rural households in five north Indian states where they defecate and their attitudes to it.
Some 40% of Indians live in these states - Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh. They also account for 45% of households without a toilet. Also, a third of all people worldwide who defecate in the open live in these five states.
The study found that people in households with working toilets continue to defecate in the open, and that toilets provided by the state are especially unlikely to be used.
"In short," the study says, "we find that many people have a revealed preference for open defecating such that merely providing latrine access without promoting latrine use is unlikely to importantly reduce open defecation."
The study found open defecation is very common, even in households with toilets. Toilet use did not necessarily increase with prosperity: in Haryana, one of India's richest states, most people in the villages continue to defecate in the open. Also, men living in households with toilets are more likely to defecate in the open than women.
Why do so many Indians still prefer not to use toilets, even if they are available?
The survey found a range of replies - most said they found it "pleasurable, comfortable, or convenient". Others said it "provides them an opportunity to take a morning walk, see their fields and take in the fresh air". Still others regarded open defecation as "part of a wholesome, healthy virtuous life".
"Building toilets is not enough. What you need is a widespread motivation and information campaign," says Dr Bindeshwar Pathak of Sulabh, a non-profit organisation which has built 1.3 million household toilets in villages.
MP and writer Shashi Tharoor says Indians also have a cultural problem when it comes to sanitation: "We are a nation full of people who live in immaculate homes where we bathe twice a day, but think nothing of littering public spaces, spitting on walls, dumping garbage in the open and urinating and defecating in public, because those spaces are not 'ours'."
So how do you promote behavioural and cultural change?
India, researchers say, "needs a massive campaign to change sanitation preferences" and promote toilets by linking sanitation behaviour with health. One of the ways it can be done is by raising an army of sanitation workers and campaigners in the villages to spread the message.
Punishment can also help, within reason: In a part of Haryana where Sulabh has built 100 household toilets a village council chief fines people caught defecating in the open.
Imaginative designs could also help: Sulabh has designed an open roof toilet to incentivise men who feel claustrophobic in the confines of a toilet, although it is not clear how this will work in bitter winters or monsoons.
Women could possibly be persuaded to help with education efforts - studies show that they are likely to use toilets more than the men.
"I know of women in villages who stay up all night to take their daughters to defecate outside," says Dr Pathak.
Mr Modi has announced plans to build more than 100 million toilets in the country to end a shameful practice. But many believe the money will not be well spent unless it's accompanied by a massive awareness campaign, involving the government, non-profit groups and citizens.
[A]: When Prime Minister Narendra Modi, in his Independence Day speech, vowed to eliminate open defecation, India took notice.
[Q]: Before this, humanlike creatures - or hominins - ate a forest-based diet similar to modern gorillas and chimps.
Researchers analysed fossilised tooth enamel of 11 species of hominins and other primates found in East Africa.
The findings appear in four papers published in PNAS journal.
Like chimpanzees today, many of our early human ancestors lived in forests and ate a diet of leaves and fruits from trees, shrubs and herbs.
But scientists have now found that this changed 3.5 million years ago in the species Australopithecus afarensis and Kenyanthropus platyops.
Their diet included grasses, sedges, and possibly animals that ate such plants. They also tended to live in the open savannahs of Africa.
The new studies show that they not only lived there, but began to consume progressively more foods from the savannahs.
Source: BBC Nature
Was Australopithecus intensely political?
BBC Nature: Modern and early humans
Researchers looked at samples from 175 hominins of 11 species, ranging from 1.4 to 4.1 million years old.
Their diet was analysed from the chemical make up of their teeth, identifying the carbon isotopes within them.
The ratios of different types of carbon atoms, or isotopes, in fossils can give clues to what a fossil creature ate because different foods have different carbon isotope signatures.
"What we have is chemical information on what our ancestors ate, which in simpler terms is like a piece of food item stuck between their teeth and preserved for millions of years," said Dr Zeresenay Alemseged, from the California Academy of Sciences, co-author on two of the papers.
"Because feeding is the most important factor determining an organism's physiology, behaviour and its interaction with the environment, these finds will give us new insight into the evolutionary mechanisms that shaped our evolution."
It is not yet clear whether the change in diet included animals, but "the possible diets of some of our hominin kin" has been considerably narrowed down, Dr Matt Sponheimer, lead author of another of the papers, told BBC News.
"We now have good evidence that some early hominins began using plant foods that are not used in abundance by living African apes today, and this probably led to a major change in the way they used the landscape.
"One consequence could be that the dietary expansion led to a habitat expansion, as they could travel to more open habitats more efficiently.
"We know that many early hominins lived in areas that would not have readily supported chimpanzees with their strong preference for forest fruits. It could also be argued that this dietary expansion was a key element in hominin diversification."
The study has also answered, at least in part, what researchers have long been speculating - how so many large species of primate managed to co-exist.
"They were not competing for the same foods," said Prof Thure Cerling from the University of Utah, who led one of the research papers.
"All these species who were once in the human lineage, ventured out into this new world of foods 3.5 million years ago, but we don't yet understand why that is."
As well as looking at non-human primates, the researchers analysed fossils from other animals from the same era and did not find any evidence of a change in diet.
This combined research highlights a "step towards becoming the modern human", said Dr Jonathan Wynn from the University of South Florida, who led the analysis of Australopithecus afarensis.
"Exploring new environments and testing new foods, ultimately might be correlated with further changes in human history."
These four complementary studies give a persuasive account of shifts in dietary niche in East African hominins, Dr Louise Humphrey from the Natural History Museum in London, told BBC news.
[A]: A new analysis of early human teeth from extinct fossils has found that they expanded their diets about 3.5 million years ago to include grasses and possibly animals.
[Q]: The Investigatory Powers Bill will force the storage of internet browsing records for 12 months and authorise the bulk collection of personal data.
Mrs May said the measures were needed to keep the public safe and would uphold "both privacy and security".
Labour and the SNP said they backed the bill in principle but would withdraw support without substantial changes.
Labour's stance was branded "gutless" by the Lib Dems, who oppose the legislation.
The bill's second reading - where it was backed by 281 votes to 15 - gave MPs their first chance to debate it in the House of Commons. It represented an early step in a long parliamentary process which will see the details of the measures scrutinised at greater length over the coming months.
Shadow home secretary Andy Burnham said Labour would work constructively with Mrs May to get the legislation through Parliament but that "substantial changes" were needed to ensure the right balance "between collective security and individual privacy in the digital age".
Labour abstained at second reading and will be seeking amendments including a specific "presumption of privacy".
"We need new legislation but this bill is not yet good enough," he said. "Simply to block this legislation would, in my view, be irresponsible. It would leave the police and security services in limbo... We must give them the tools to do the job."
The proposals have already been significantly amended after a draft bill last year was heavily criticised by three parliamentary committees.
The government may be forced to give further ground if it is to get the law on to the statute book by the end of the year as it wants, although it is not expected to meet significant resistance until the bill reaches report stage and then goes to the House of Lords.
Mr Burnham called for the use of surveillance powers to be limited to more serious investigations and for greater clarity on who can use them.
He said he did not see why agencies such as the Gambling Commission or the Food Standards Agency should have access to people's internet records, and said he would be calling on Mrs May to "severely reduce" the list of agencies who would get the new powers.
He also called for an independent review of "bulk powers" - the sweeping up of vast quantities of internet data and the collection of personal information from databases by the security services.
"I want a bill that helps the authorities do their job but protects ordinary people from intrusion and abuse from those in positions of power," he added.
Mrs May has said Britain's spies must continue to be allowed to hack into foreign computer networks, under so-called "bulk equipment interference warrants", as this was "a key operational requirement for GCHQ".
She told MPs that bulk powers had played a significant role in every major counter-terrorism investigation over the past decade, including seven terror plots foiled in the past 18 months, and in responding to the bulk of cyber attacks against UK interests.
Operational requests for such information, she said, would have to be approved by a judge as well as the minister responsible under a regime of "robust and consistent safeguards".
But Conservative MP Owen Paterson, a former Northern Ireland secretary, said elected politicians accountable to Parliament and the public should be exclusively responsible for granting warrants.
The SNP said they were in favour of "targeted surveillance" but many of the powers being sought were of "dubious legality".
"We will work with others to try and amend the bill extensively," Joanna Cherry, the party's home affairs spokeswoman, said. "If the bill is not amended to our satisfaction, we reserve the right to vote it down at a later stage."
The Lib Dems blocked Mrs May's previous attempt to legislate in this area, which was dubbed "the snoopers' charter", when they were part of the coalition government.
Speaking in the debate, former leader Nick Clegg said the bill was an improvement on previous proposals but was "not in a fit state" - telling MPs that it was still predicated on a "dragnet approach" to data retention and the powers it sought to grant were "formidable and capable of misuse".
"The implications of this are very big indeed," he said.
"It is that the government believes as a matter of principle that every innocent act of communication online must leave a trace for future possible interrogation by the state. No other country in the world feels the need to do this apart from Russia."
UKIP MEP Steven Woolfe told the BBC's Daily Politics he was "deeply concerned" by the Investigatory Powers Bill, saying it "could put us into an extreme position of monitoring our citizens".
Edward Snowden, the former CIA analyst turned surveillance whistleblower, said he was closely following Tuesday's debate. He tweeted: "Britons, note how your MPs vote today on IPBill. A vote in favour, or abstention, is a vote against you. "
And Amnesty International warned that "wide-ranging snooping powers" were being rushed through parliament at "break-neck speed".
[A]: | Home Secretary Theresa May has defended controversial new surveillance powers as MPs debated them for the first time.
|
Teacher:Given a context passage, generate a question from the passage such that its answer is shortest continous span from the passage.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: While most teachers enjoy the summer break from work, other teachers try to find part-time work during that time. If you're one of those teachers who are finding part-time work during the summer, writing for children might be the right job you're looking for. During the school year, you're very familiar with children in your classroom. That means you know what children think about, how they talk and how they act. If you read stories and books for children with your students during the school year, you also know the kinds of story that children are fond of. As a teacher, you can go to the school library and find out what kinds of books students are most interested in. Also, what kinds of books seem to be in short supply? Use this information to create stories and novels. If you continue writing for children during the school year, you won't have enough time to write as much while you're teaching, but you can probably manage to work on at least one short story for children each month. Even if you don't finish these pieces during the school year, when school ends for the summer you will have lots of writing projects to finish and hand in to editors . Recently, many teachers have turned to writing for children as a part-time job. If you enjoy writing as much as you enjoy teaching, then writing for children might be the second job for you, too.
Student: | Who is the passage probably written for? |
Subsets and Splits