SMART
Collection
Collection of models and datasets used for ACL 2024 paper, SMART - Submodular Data Mixture Strategy for Instruciton Tuning
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You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task.
In this task, you will be presented with a context from an academic paper and a question separated with a
. You have to answer the question based on the context.
We evaluate the proposed approach on the Chinese social media text summarization task, based on the sequence-to-sequence model. Large-Scale Chinese Short Text Summarization Dataset (LCSTS) is constructed by BIBREF1 . The dataset consists of more than 2.4 million text-summary pairs in total, constructed from a famous Chinese social media microblogging service Weibo.
Question: Are results reported only for English data?
Solution: No
Why? Based on the context, the dataset is constructed from a famous Chinese social media microblogging service Weibo.
New input: The goal here being to assess if D2V could effectively replace the related-document function on PubMed, five different document similarity evaluations were designed as seen on figure FIGREF9. Methods ::: Evaluation ::: String length
To assess whether a similar length could lead to convergence of two documents, the size of the query document $D_{x}$ has been compared with the top-close document $C_{x}$ for 10,000 document randomly selected from the TeS after some pre-processing steps (stopwords and spaces were removed from both documents). Methods ::: Evaluation ::: Words co-occurrences
A matrix of words co-occurrence was constructed on the total corpus from PubMed. Briefly, each document was lowered and tokenized. A matrix was filled with the number of times that two words co-occur in a single document. Then, for 5,000 documents $D_{x}$ from the TeS, all models were queried for the top-close document $C_{x}$. All possible combinations between all words $WD_{x} \in D_{x}$ and all words $WC_{x} \in C_{x}$ (excluding stopwords) were extracted, 500 couples were randomly selected and the number of times each of them was co-occurring was extracted from the matrix. The average value of this list was calculated, reflecting the proximity between D and C regarding their words content. This score was also calculated between each $D_{x}$ and the top-close document $C_{x}$ returned by the pmra algorithm. Methods ::: Evaluation ::: Stems co-occurrences
The evaluation task explained above was also applied on 10,000 stemmed texts (using the Gensim’s PorterStemmer to only keep word’s roots). The influence of the conjugation form or other suffixes can be assessed. Methods ::: Evaluation ::: MeSH similarity
It is possible to compare the ability of both pmra and D2V to bring closer articles which were indexed with common labels. To do so, 5,000 documents $D_{x}$ randomly selected from the TeS were sent to both pmra and D2V architectures, and the top-five closer articles $C_{x}$ were extracted. The following rules were then applied to each MeSH found associated with $D_{x}$ for each document $C_{x_i}$ : add 1 to the score if this MeSH term is found in both $D_{x}$ and $C_{x_i}$, add 3 if this MeSH is defined as major topic and add 1 for each qualifier in common between $D_{x}$ and Cxi regarding this particular MeSH term. Then, the mean of these five scores was calculated for both pmra and D2V.
Question: What four evaluation tasks are defined to determine what influences proximity?
Solution: | String length Words co-occurrences Stems co-occurrences MeSH similarity |
Write a multi-choice question for the following article: Article: When an NBA player is young he thinks he can win the championship by himself. It is only later when he has aged and been through many battles that he learns an important lesson: there is no "I " in "team". There is no better example of the value of teamwork than the Boston Celtics. Paul Pierce, Ray Allen and Kevin Garnett were all superstars on three different teams. Yet, none of them had any titles to show for it. Then, last season, they decided to sacrifice money and individual statistics to play together. Garnett and Allen joined Pierce on the Celtics and changed the NBA in the process. It started in simple ways. Garnett and Allen are two of the most intense athletes in the world. They treat every second of every practice like it is the NBA championship. If you want to play alongside them then you will have to do the same. So, the young guys on the Celtics started giving their full effort too. Pierce had been the star of the Celtics for many years. He used to shoot the ball many times a game. But with the addition of Allen and Garnett he shot less and focused on defense. His selflessness showed the young players that doing what made the team better was the only thing that mattered. When the Celtics were winning and the game was almost over, Garnett, Pierce and Allen would come out of the game. But they wouldn't just sit on the bench. Instead, they stood and cheered and screamed for their teammates. They wanted to support their friends and teammates. Now, the guys who don't play know they can still affect the game by cheering so they scream and cheer when Garnett, Allen and Pierce are playing. The Celtics have developed a strong relationship. They are more than just teammates. They are brothers. The result: the Boston Celtics won the championship and are considered the favorites to win the Eastern Conference championship again this year. There is a saying that goes, "A successful team beats with one heart." If that is the case, the Celtics may have the biggest heart in the NBA.
A: | Question: Which of the following didn't contribute to the success of the Boston Celtics?Options:A The whole team has become devoted to each and every stage of the game.B The cooperation and teamwork among the teammates in the match.C The influence of Garnett, Allen, Pierce and other teammates' cheering.D The increasing frequency of team players on the benchAnswer:D |
Consider the question. Yes / no, is the following a verifiable fact?
"Pi's length is only ten decimal places long."
What is the step-by-step reasoning process to arrive at the answer: no? | Pi Is an irrational number that's decimal goes on infinitely on forever. |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you need to write an incorrect answer to the given question. Along with the question, you are also given the correct answer(s) and the associated paragraph. An incorrect answer should be closely related to the content of the paragraph and/or the question but will not truthfully answer the question. Your incorrect answers should be similar to the given correct answer such that it will pose a challenge for students to distinguish the two. A good incorrect answer should prevent those who skip the paragraph from answering the question. The incorrect answer should not be trivial, in the sense that they should not be easily eliminated without reading the paragraph.
Paragraph- Sent 1: Conduction is the transfer of thermal energy.
Sent 2: It occurs between objects or substances that are touching.
Sent 3: Thermal conductors are materials that are good conductors of heat.
Sent 4: Thermal insulators are materials that are poor conductors of heat.
Sent 5: Both conductors and insulators have important uses.
Sent 6: Convection is the transfer of thermal energy.
Sent 7: This occurs as particles move within a fluid.
Sent 8: The fluid may be a liquid or a gas.
Sent 9: The particles within the fluid transfer energy by moving from warmer to cooler areas.
Sent 10: They move in loops.
Sent 11: These loops are called convection currents.
Sent 12: Radiation is the transfer of thermal energy by waves.
Sent 13: These waves can travel through empty space.
Sent 14: When the waves reach objects, the heat is transferred to the objects.
Sent 15: Radiation is how the Sun warms the Earths surface.
Question: What is radiation and how does it move?.
| It is a conductor that moves through liquid. |
Marriott rewards frequent travelers with points for free stays, but they are also enticed by other reward programs from other hotels.
Tell me who they is. | frequent travelers |
Cameron told someone a secret about the murder that happened last night. Given the question "What will Others want to do next?", is "call the police" a valid answer? | Yes |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
You are given a paragraph (Passage), a question (Question) and two answer options (Option1 and Option2). Your task is to choose the correct answer to the question based on the passage. Answer of the question cannot be found directly from the passage, it is indirectly indicated in the passage. Do not answer with words other than the two options, and do not answer with option titles(e.g. "option1" or "1" are not acceptable answers.)
Passage: First , I 'll do some searching online for online banks that have good offers . These typically include no fees under normal operation , interest rates higher than other banks , good ATM availability and low fees . I also check to make sure the bank has the correct type of account I am looking for ( for example , a savings account which just earns interest , or a checking account which I need in order to write checks ) Once I found a bank I like I 'll being the application process on their website . This typically involves me entering a lot of personal information to the bank , in order to prove I am who I say I am . Often this initial transfer requires me to validate a small transaction that the new bank sends to my old bank 's checking account . After around a week the funds will be loaded into my new account and the new bank will send me a debit card or an ATM card in the mail to activate over the phone . Question: When are the initial funds transferred into the account? Option1: about a week Option2: a few days later
Output: | about a week |
The first place that I can well remember was a large pleasant meadow with a pond of clear water in *it* . Some shady trees leaned over
Do "meadow" and "it" have the same meaning? | no |
Are John Crowley and Katharine Kerr both Americans ?
A: | yes |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you will be shown a conversation and a question. You need to write an implausible answer to the question. Even though there exist multiple wrong answers, we only need a single wrong answer. "W" and "M" in the conversations stand for "woman" and "man".
M: I'd like to add some Chinese traditional elements in the decoration of my new house. W: That's great! I like this style very much. And I think if you want to embody the Chinese elements, you should use the red color. It is the most representative color in China, and sometimes it is called "Chinese Red". M: Oh, yes, I agree with you. And as for the door and the windows, I also like to use lattice. I think it is the most important elements of Chinese decorating. W: Yes. I think you have a good understanding of the Chinese style. And I suggest you'd better hang two Chinese landscape paintings. M: Oh. That's a good idea. I will buy them in the afternoon. And I'd like to paint the walls again and buy a new sofa. W: What color do you want to paint? M: I don't know exactly, but I'd like to use fresh colors. I think these colors look vivid. W: What about the sofa? M: I have no idea about it., Question: When will the man buy the paintings?
Output: | Tomorrow. |
Q:Question: "Where do plants get the essential elements for photosynthesis?" Context: "Plants uptake essential elements from the soil through their roots and from the air (consisting of mainly nitrogen and oxygen) through their leaves. Green plants obtain their carbohydrate supply from the carbon dioxide in the air by the process of photosynthesis. Carbon and oxygen are absorbed from the air, while other nutrients are absorbed from the soil. Nutrient uptake in the soil is achieved by cation exchange, wherein root hairs pump hydrogen ions (H+) into the soil through proton pumps. These hydrogen ions displace cations attached to negatively charged soil particles so that the cations are available for uptake by the root. In the leaves, stomata open to take in carbon dioxide and expel oxygen. The carbon dioxide molecules are used as the carbon source in photosynthesis." Answer:
A: | the air |
Pick your answer from: --Twitter and facebook are both usually avoided by, but you can still find the person through either. Open twitter, then select someone in your " account " section to open their profile page. --If the person is a friend of yours or an " on twitter " person/relative, you'll find out his or her twitter credentials. Don't be comfortable asking for this information on twitter! This is your friend's account, so this permission to sign up is visible through a link. --Twitter offers two different identifiers for an account--usernames and real names. Usernames are marked by the' @' symbol. --It's best to use something convenient for that person to see that you're not just creepy. It may also be helpful to know the person's preferred contacts in case they're out of town on the weekends.Choose from options above and answer: What most naturally follows?
How to find people on twitter
Navigate to https: // twitter.com/and sign-in to your account.
If you have not already created an account, read our great article about how to.
Know the person's name or username.
Answer: | Twitter offers two different identifiers for an account--usernames and real names. Usernames are marked by the' @' symbol. |
This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) the answer is unique, (iv) its answer is a continous text span from the paragraph. Avoid creating questions that (i) can be answered correctly without actually understanding the paragraph and (ii) uses same words or phrases given in the passage
Example Input: CHAPTER XXXIII. THE LAST JACOBITE RISING.
While the Kirk was vainly striving to assuage the tempers of Mr Erskine and his friends, the Jacobites were preparing to fish in troubled waters. In 1739 Walpole was forced to declare war against Spain, and Walpole had previously sounded James as to his own chances of being trusted by that exiled prince. James thought that Walpole was merely angling for information. Meanwhile Jacobite affairs were managed by two rivals, Macgregor (calling himself Drummond) of Balhaldy and Murray of Broughton. The sanguine Balhaldy induced France to suppose that the Jacobites in England and Scotland were much more united, powerful, and ready for action than they really were, when Argyll left office in 1742, while Walpole fell from power, Carteret and the Duke of Newcastle succeeding. In 1743 Murray found that France, though now at war with England over the Spanish Succession, was holding aloof from the Jacobite cause, though plied with flourishing and fabulous reports from Balhaldy and the Jacobite Lord Sempill. But, in December 1743, on the strength of alleged Jacobite energy in England, Balhaldy obtained leave from France to visit Rome and bring Prince Charles. The Prince had kept himself in training for war and was eager. Taking leave of his father for the last time, Charles drove out of Rome on January 9, 1744; evaded, in disguise, every trap that was set for him, and landed at Antibes, reaching Paris on February 10. Louis did not receive him openly, if he received him at all; the Prince lurked at Gravelines in disguise, with the Earl Marischal, while winds and waves half ruined, and the approach of a British fleet drove into port, a French fleet of invasion under Roqueville (March 6, 7, 1744).
Example Output: Who was disguised?
Example Input: My name is Sandra. Let me tell you the story of the best meal I ever had.
I was sitting on the school bench outside Springfield Elementary School, waiting to pick up my granddaughter. She is a real cutie, and I am very proud of her grades. To pass the time, I played my triangle. In my youth, I was a triangle player in a large New York band, the Black Triangles. We all wore full black costumes every time we played.
"What lovely triangle music! You make me think of a friend I had once upon a time."
A strange lady, about my age, was standing next to me, talking! She was holding a trumpet. It turns out the strange lady was my old friend and Black Triangle trumpet player Matilda. We hadn't seen each other since New York. Matilda told me she wanted to keep in touch, but couldn't remember what I looked like! We found out that all we remembered were the black costumes we always wore! It turns out; Matilda was also there to pick someone up from school.
"Well, Sandra, why don't you join me and my grandson for lunch? There is a lovely Thai place right down the road.'
We went there with my granddaughter and her grandson, and had a delicious meal. Our grandchildren got married 15 years later.
Example Output: What is the narrator's name?
Example Input: Washington (CNN) -- At one time, Susan Rice seemed to be on a trajectory that would take her to the secretary of state's office in President Barack Obama's second term.
But that trajectory changed Thursday when the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations withdrew her name from consideration to succeed current Secretary of State Hillary Clinton.
In a letter to the president, Rice explained her decision to pull herself out of the running.
"I am highly honored to be considered by you for appointment as Secretary of State," the letter read. "However, if nominated, I am now convinced that the confirmation process would be lengthy, disruptive and costly -- to you and to our most pressing national and international priorities. That trade-off is simply not worth it to our country. ... Therefore, I respectfully request that you no longer consider my candidacy at this time."
A former administration official with knowledge of Rice's decision said this was Rice's decision; the White House did not ask her to stand down.
Obama said that while he regretted Rice's decision to withdraw he would continue to rely on her advice.
Rice's path began decades ago with the help of family friend Madeleine Albright, the woman who became the first female secretary of state.
Benghazi talking points omitted link to al Qaeda
Albright, while serving under President Bill Clinton, recommended that he tap Rice for a high-level State Department post on African affairs in the late 1990s.
Albright had previously served with Rice's mother, Lois Rice, on a school board in Washington and watched Rice grow up with her own daughters.
Example Output: | Who was headed to be Secretary of State before Clinton?
|
Belinda is a novel by Anne Rampling in 1986 , originally published under the pseudonym Anne Rice .
Belinda is a 1986 novel by Anne Rampling , originally published in under the pen name Anne Rice .
Are these two sentences paraphrases of each other? OPTIONS:
- no
- yes
yes
Björn Freiberg ( born March 28 , 1970 in Isny , Allgäu ) is a German actor , painter , author , translator and former university teacher .
Björn Freiberg ( born March 28 , 1970 in Isny , Allgäu ) is a former actor , writer , translator , and German university teacher .
Are these two sentences paraphrases of each other? OPTIONS:
- no
- yes
no
Lucille Wilcox Joullin ( 1876 -- 1924 ) was an American painter known for her landscapes of California and the Pueblo Indians of New Mexico .
Wilcox Joullin ( 1876 -- 1924 ) was an American painter , known for her landscapes of California and the Pueblo Indians of New Mexico .
Are these two sentences paraphrases of each other? OPTIONS:
- no
- yes
yes
Hennig is also president of the Duisburg -- Mülheim -- Dinslaken region and lives in Duisburg .
Hennig is also president referee of the Dinslaken -- Mülheim -- Duisburg region and lives in Duisburg .
Are these two sentences paraphrases of each other? OPTIONS:
- no
- yes
| yes |
Information: - Ski mountaineering is a skiing discipline that involves climbing mountains either on skis or carrying them, depending on the steepness of the ascent, and then descending on skis. There are two major categories of equipment used, free-heel Telemark skis and skis based on Alpine skis, where the heel is free for ascents, but is fixed during descent. The discipline may be practiced recreationally or as a competitive sport. - Alpine Ski () is an Alpine skiing arcade game, released by Taito in 1981. - The World Championships of Ski Mountaineering are biannually held ski mountaineering competitions . - The term mountaineering describes the sport of mountain climbing, including ski mountaineering. Hiking in the mountains can also be a simple form of mountaineering when it involves scrambling, or short stretches of the more basic grades of rock climbing, as well as crossing glaciers. After reading the paragraphs above, we are interested in knowing the entity with which 'world championships of ski mountaineering' exhibits the relationship of 'sport'. Find the answer from the choices below. Choices: - mountaineering - rock climbing - ski mountaineering - skiing - sport
The answer to this question is: | skiing |
In this task, you are given a piece of an article. Your task is to generate a short summary of the text. Try to give the summary in just one sentence.
Arsenal winger Theo Walcott will miss the World Cup for England after being ruled out for six months on Monday with a torn knee ligament, an injury that also deals a major setback to his club's hopes of winning the Premier League. | The answers are listed from, foreign policy should be determined by its impact on Christians. |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you're given an article and an answer. Your task is to generate the fill-in-the-blank question for this answer based on the given article. The blanks are always at the end of the question, and can be filled with more than one word or phrase.
Article: How do you get a man to do his share of the house work? If you are like most of the women, you will face the question the hard way. A man will enjoy a clean, orderly house, but he usually won't make the effort to clean or organize it. This doesn't mean that a woman has to do all the housework; she may have to manage many of household duties, and request his partner's participation. A woman can often say that men and women should take equal responsibility for housework. Very few men are raised to be fully responsible for housework, and many men look on housework as women's work. On the other hand, most men will readily work around the yard, make repairs and complete projects on weekends or evenings, and it's important that you give your man appreciation for those things too. Most man will take a little additional housework around the house if asked politely. They are even more likely to do housework if they choose what they want to do, and do it without being monitored. Here is the key; men want to feel that they are doing housework because they want to please their women. Men are much less likely to take on household tasks they consider uninteresting and unimportant. In other words, _
Answer: get men to do some housework
Output: | The passage is mainly about how to _ . |
You are given a sentence, a question and two answer options ('A' and 'B'). Your task is to find the correct answer (return the string of the correct option, not 'A' or 'B') for the given question.
Q: Sentence: James is a submarine operator who knows that the pacific ocean isn't as rough as the atlantic ocean. The atlantic ocean has more friction. Question: Which ocean can he drive his submarine quicker in? (A) pacific ocean (B) atlantic ocean
A: pacific ocean
****
Q: Sentence: John is flying across the country in a plane. Janet is walking across town. Question: Who is likely to have gone further after an hour? (A) John (B) Janet
A: John
****
Q: Sentence: The Flash is the fastest superhero in the universe. Him and Wolverine decide to race from one side of the earth to the other. Question: Who wins this race? (A) The Flash (B) Wolverine
A: | The Flash
****
|
Extract the answer to the question from the following context. Question: What wasn't thought of as a safe plan? Context: The astrophysicist Nidhal Guessoum while being highly critical of pseudo-scientific claims made about the Quran, has highlighted the encouragement for sciences that the Quran provides by developing "the concept of knowledge.". He writes: "The Qur'an draws attention to the danger of conjecturing without evidence (And follow not that of which you have not the (certain) knowledge of... 17:36) and in several different verses asks Muslims to require proofs (Say: Bring your proof if you are truthful 2:111), both in matters of theological belief and in natural science." Guessoum cites Ghaleb Hasan on the definition of "proof" according the Quran being "clear and strong... convincing evidence or argument." Also, such a proof cannot rely on an argument from authority, citing verse 5:104. Lastly, both assertions and rejections require a proof, according to verse 4:174. Ismail al-Faruqi and Taha Jabir Alalwani are of the view that any reawakening of the Muslim civilization must start with the Quran; however, the biggest obstacle on this route is the "centuries old heritage of tafseer (exegesis) and other classical disciplines" which inhibit a "universal, epidemiological and systematic conception" of the Quran's message. The philosopher Muhammad Iqbal, considered the Quran's methodology and epistemology to be empirical and rational.
----
Answer: danger of conjecturing without evidence
Q: Extract the answer to the question from the following context. Question: where was the death rate 6.88 percent? Context: According to the Sixth China Census, the total population of the City of Nanjing reached 8.005 million in 2010. The statistics in 2011 estimated the total population to be 8.11 million. The birth rate was 8.86 percent and the death rate was 6.88 percent. The urban area had a population of 6.47 million people. The sex ratio of the city population was 107.31 males to 100 females.
A: City of Nanjing
Question: Extract the answer to the question from the following context. Question: What term describes the stance that we are born with ideas that are not developed through experience? Context: Philosophical empiricists hold no knowledge to be properly inferred or deduced unless it is derived from one's sense-based experience. This view is commonly contrasted with rationalism, which states that knowledge may be derived from reason independently of the senses. For example, John Locke held that some knowledge (e.g. knowledge of God's existence) could be arrived at through intuition and reasoning alone. Similarly Robert Boyle, a prominent advocate of the experimental method, held that we have innate ideas. The main continental rationalists (Descartes, Spinoza, and Leibniz) were also advocates of the empirical "scientific method".
Answer: innate ideas
[Q]: Extract the answer to the question from the following context. Question: How do birds communicate indirectly? Context: Birds sometimes use plumage to assess and assert social dominance, to display breeding condition in sexually selected species, or to make threatening displays, as in the sunbittern's mimicry of a large predator to ward off hawks and protect young chicks. Variation in plumage also allows for the identification of birds, particularly between species. Visual communication among birds may also involve ritualised displays, which have developed from non-signalling actions such as preening, the adjustments of feather position, pecking, or other behaviour. These displays may signal aggression or submission or may contribute to the formation of pair-bonds. The most elaborate displays occur during courtship, where "dances" are often formed from complex combinations of many possible component movements; males' breeding success may depend on the quality of such displays.
****
[A]: preening, the adjustments of feather position, pecking, or other behaviour
input: Please answer the following: Extract the answer to the question from the following context. Question: What feature does a bird have that makes it easier to carry its weight when flying? Context: Most birds can fly, which distinguishes them from almost all other vertebrate classes. Flight is the primary means of locomotion for most bird species and is used for breeding, feeding, and predator avoidance and escape. Birds have various adaptations for flight, including a lightweight skeleton, two large flight muscles, the pectoralis (which accounts for 15% of the total mass of the bird) and the supracoracoideus, as well as a modified forelimb (wing) that serves as an aerofoil. Wing shape and size generally determine a bird species' type of flight; many birds combine powered, flapping flight with less energy-intensive soaring flight. About 60 extant bird species are flightless, as were many extinct birds. Flightlessness often arises in birds on isolated islands, probably due to limited resources and the absence of land predators. Though flightless, penguins use similar musculature and movements to "fly" through the water, as do auks, shearwaters and dippers.
++++++++++
output: a lightweight skeleton
Extract the answer to the question from the following context. Question: How were French people allowed to eat after the armistice? Context: The Prussian Army, under the terms of the armistice, held a brief victory parade in Paris on 17 February; the city was silent and draped with black and the Germans quickly withdrew. Bismarck honoured the armistice, by allowing train loads of food into Paris and withdrawing Prussian forces to the east of the city, prior to a full withdrawal once France agreed to pay a five billion franc war indemnity. At the same time, Prussian forces were concentrated in the provinces of Alsace and Lorraine. An exodus occurred from Paris as some 200,000 people, predominantly middle-class, went to the countryside.
----
Answer: | train loads of food |
In this task, you're given a question, along with three passages, 1, 2, and 3. Your job is to determine which passage can be used to answer the question by searching for further information using terms from the passage. Indicate your choice as 1, 2, or 3.
Q: Question: How long did it take to build the second tallest building in Dubai? Passage 1:Montenegro has no currency of its own. As a constituent republic of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia following World War II, and later of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, the Yugoslav dinar was the official currency in Montenegro. In November 1999, the government of Montenegro unilaterally designated the Deutsche Mark as its co-official currency with the dinar, and on 1 January 2001 the dinar officially ceased to be a legal tender in Montenegro. When the euro was introduced and the Deutsche Mark yielded, Montenegro followed suit and began using the euro as well, with no objection from the European Central Bank (ECB). The European Commission and the ECB have since voiced their discontent over Montenegro's unilateral use of the euro on several occasions.” A statement attached to their Stabilisation and Association Agreement with the EU read: "unilateral introduction of the euro was not compatible with the Treaty." The EU insists on the strict adherence to convergence criteria (such as spending at least 2 years in the ERMII system) which are not negotiable before euro adoption, but have not intervened to stop the unilateral adoption of the euro by Montenegro in 2002.
Passage 2:In the 18th century, England was famous for its woollen and worsted cloth. That industry, centred in the east and south in towns such as Norwich, jealously protected their product. Cotton processing was tiny: in 1701 only of cottonwool was imported into England, and by 1730 this had fallen to . This was due to commercial legislation to protect the woollen industry. Cheap calico prints, imported by the East India Company from Hindustān (India), had become popular. In 1700 an Act of Parliament passed to prevent the importation of dyed or printed calicoes from India, China or Persia. This caused demand to switch to imported grey cloth instead—calico that had not been finished—dyed or printed. These were printed with popular patterns in southern England. Also, Lancashire businessmen produced grey cloth with linen warp and cotton weft, known as fustian, which they sent to London for finishing. Cottonwool imports recovered though, and by 1720 were almost back to their 1701 levels. Again the woollen manufacturers, in true protectionist fashion, claimed that the imports were taking jobs away from workers in Coventry. The Woollen, etc., Manufactures Act 1720 was passed, enacting fines against anyone caught wearing printed or stained calico muslins. Neckcloths and fustians were exempted. The Lancashire manufacturers exploited this exemption; coloured cotton weft with linen warp were specifically permitted by the 1736 Manchester Act. There now was an artificial demand for woven cloth.
Passage 3:Dubai, the largest city in the United Arab Emirates, is home to many modern high-rises, 108 of which stand taller than . The tallest building in Dubai is the Burj Khalifa, which rises and contains 163 floors. The tower has stood as both the tallest building in the world and the tallest man-made structure of any kind in the world since its completion in January 2010. The second-tallest building in Dubai is the Marina 101, which also stands as the world's second tallest residential skyscraper. The skyscrapers of Dubai are, for the most part, clustered in three different locations. The land along E 11 Road was the first to develop, followed by the Dubai Marina neighborhood and the Business Bay district.
A: | 3 |
Where would you eat lots of fried foods on a stick?
Options:
- friend's house
- kitchen
- space shuttle
- school
- fairgrounds
Fairgrounds have many food stalls and food stalls have variety of fried food. Most food stalls in fairgounds doesn't have sitting space so have fried foods on a stick so that poeple can eat by standing also.
fairgrounds
Where do you bring empty food cans?
Options:
- recycling center
- store
- backpack
- house
- supermarket
Recycling center recycles the waste cans thrown at garbage so empty food cans are brought to recycling center at last. Food cans becomes waste after being empty.
recycling center
If people are looking for fun in the summertime, where's one good place for them to go?
Options:
- confession
- carnival
- meetings
- state park
- supermarket
Carnivals are usually held in the summer. Carnivals are fun places with rides, food, games, etc. Carnivals are easily reachable.
carnival
What common area do most people keep a sofabed in?
Options:
- one room apartment
- livingroom
- spare room
- sitting room
- in a bathroom
| Living room is a common area. Most people keep a sofabed in a common area such as living room.
livingroom |
In this task, you will be presented with a context from an academic paper and a question based on the context. You have to classify the questions into "Extractive", "Abstractive", or "Yes-no" questions. Extractive questions can be answered by concatenating extracts taken from a context into a summary while answering abstractive questions involves paraphrasing the context using novel sentences. Yes-no question is a question whose expected answer is one of two choices, one that affirms the question and one that denies the question. Typically, the choices are either yes or no.
Experimental Setup
Question: What domains are detected in this paper?
Abstractive
Thus we propose two kinds of relation-specific meta information: relation meta and gradient meta corresponding to afore mentioned two perspectives respectively. In our proposed framework MetaR, relation meta is the high-order representation of a relation connecting head and tail entities. Gradient meta is the loss gradient of relation meta which will be used to make a rapid update before transferring relation meta to incomplete triples during prediction.
Question: What meta-information is being transferred?
Abstractive
Starting with this list, we can locate the profile page for a user, and subsequently extract additional information, which includes fields such as name, email, occupation, industry, and so forth. We also generate two maps that delineate the gender distribution in the dataset. Our dataset provides mappings between location, profile information, and language use, which we can leverage to generate maps that reflect demographic, linguistic, and psycholinguistic properties of the population represented in the dataset.
Question: Which demographic dimensions of people do they obtain?
| Extractive
|
Wir führen auch die Servicebedienung, allerlei Überprüfungen und andere Reparaturen. Wegen der riesigen Unterschiedlichkeit der von uns angebotenen Produkte und weil unsere Produkte Ihre langjährige Investition sind, werden Sie von unserer Bedienung gründlich und ausführlich beraten.
In English?
xxxxx
Our experience, tools equipment as well as trained, multilanguage staff guarantee professional, efficient and punctual service.
Diese Methode der offenen Tür entspricht der Gesamtpolitik der EU, die auf einem konstruktiven Herangehen im Zusammenhang mit Kuba beruht.
In English?
xxxxx
This open-door approach is consistent with the EU's overall policy of constructive engagement towards Cuba.
Artikel geschrieben am Sonntag, 16. November 2008 um 12:45 und ist abgelegt unter Anträge, Command & Shell, Debian GNU-Linux, Tipps & Tricks, Utilities.
In English?
xxxxx
| Article written on Sunday, November 16th, 2008 at 12:45 and is filed under Applications, Command & Shell, Gnu-Linux, Tips & Tricks, Utilities. |
Part 1. Definition
This task is about reading the given passage and the question, return an incorrect answer to the given question.
Part 2. Example
"story" : "Honolulu is the capital and largest city of the U.S. state of Hawaii. It is an unincorporated part of and the county seat of the City and County of Honolulu on the island of Oahu. The city is the main gateway to Hawaii and a major portal into the United States. The city is also a major hub for international business, military defense, as well as famously being host to a diverse variety of east-west and Pacific culture, cuisine, and traditions.
Honolulu is the most remote city of its size in the world and is the westernmost major U.S. city. For statistical purposes, the U.S. Census Bureau recognizes the approximate area commonly referred to as "City of Honolulu" (not to be confused with the "City and County") as a census county division (CCD). Honolulu is a major financial center of the islands and of the Pacific Ocean. The population of the city of Honolulu was 337,256 as of the 2010 census, while the Honolulu CCD was 390,738 and the population of the consolidated city and county was 953,207.
"Honolulu" means "sheltered harbor" or "calm port". The old name is said to be Kou, a district roughly encompassing the area from Nuuanu Avenue to Alakea Street and from Hotel Street to Queen Street which is the heart of the present downtown district. The city has been the capital of the Hawaiian Islands since 1845 and gained historical recognition following the attack on Pearl Harbor by Japan near the city on December 7, 1941.", "question: " "What does Honolulu mean?"
Answer: Macau
Explanation: This answer for the given question is not present in the passage and is irrelevant to the given question. So, it is a good example.
Part 3. Exercise
story: (CNN) -- Yoshinobu Miyake is perhaps the only athlete apart from Dick Fosbury who has had a technique named after him.
Miyake: the strongest man ever?
While Fosbury was throwing himself backward over the bar in the high jump in Mexico City 1968, Miyake was placing his ankles together, instead of apart, for the lifting snatch.
The "Miyake Pull" was also coined "Frog Style" after the stance the lifter adopts before the pull: heels together with knees fanned outward to around sixty degrees with a wide grip on the bar, resembling a frog upon the lift.
The technique proved physiologically efficient for a body bearing some 60 kilograms (132 pounds) of stress.
Miyake's Olympic gold in 1968 is less well known than Fosbury's, but pound for pound, in his own sport, he is considered one of the strongest men who ever lived -- and Japan's finest weightlifting exponent.
The medal re-affirmed Miyake's pre-eminence in the featherweight class and proved he could travel.
In 1964 he had also won gold in Tokyo in front of a home crowd, improving on a silver earned in Rome in 1960.
Born in Miyagi Prefecture in Honshu, north of Tokyo, in 1939, Miyake was all but unstoppable in the mid-1960s.
During that time he set 25 world records, many consecutively as he bettered his own standards. He was the world champion in 1962-1963 and 1964-1965.
After coming fourth at the 1972 Munich Games, Miyake retired from competitive action to coach Japan's weightlifting team, helping his brother, Yoshiyuki, become world champion in 1969 and 1971. ', question: 'Where?
Answer: | 1939 |
Based on the information present in the given passage, you need to write a correct answer to the given question. A correct answer is one that correctly and completely answers the question. Do not write answers that address the question partially or incorrectly. The correct answer must be contained in the given paragraph.
Paragraph- Sent 1: Breathing is the process of moving air into and out of the lungs.
Sent 2: The process depends on a muscle called the diaphragm.
Sent 3: This is a large, sheet-like muscle below the lungs.
Sent 4: Inhaling, or breathing in, occurs when the diaphragm muscle tightens.
Sent 5: This increases the size of the chest.
Sent 6: This too decreases air pressure inside the lungs.
Sent 7: This action allows air and gases to enter the lungs.
Sent 8: Exhaling, or breathing out, occurs when the diaphragm muscle relaxes.
Sent 9: This decreases the size of the chest.
Sent 10: This increases air pressure inside the lungs.
Sent 11: This action allows for air to leave the lungs.
Sent 12: When you inhale, air enters the respiratory system through your nose and ends up in your lungs, where gas exchange with the blood takes place.
Sent 13: What happens to the air along the way?
Sent 14: In the nose, mucus and hairs trap any dust or other particles in the air.
Sent 15: The air is also warmed and moistened.
Sent 16: Next, air passes through a passageway that is connected to the windpipe.
Sent 17: The air then finds its way to the lungs.
Sent 18: In the chest, the windpipe splits so that air enters both the right and left lung.
Question: What happens to the air pressure inside your lungs when you inhale?. | It decreases. |
Overall, there can be 73 minuses. Tus, it is
A certain league has three divisions. The respective divisions had 10, 12 and 15 teams qualify for the playoffs. Each division held its own double-elimination tournament -- where a team is eliminated from the tournament upon losing two games -- in order to determine its champion. The four division champions then played in a single-elimination tournament -- where a team is eliminated upon losing one game -- in order to determine the overall league champion. Assuming that there were no ties and no forfeits, what is the maximum number of games that could have been played in order to determine the overall league champion?
Options:
(A) 70
(B) 72
(C) 73
(D) 78
(E) 80
(C)
Speed of the boat in still water = (80+100)/2 = 90 kmph. Speed of the stream = (100-80)/2 = 10 kmph
The speed of a boat in upstream is 80 kmph and the speed of the boat downstream is 100 kmph. Find the speed of the boat in still water and the speed of the stream?
Options:
(A) 90, 10 kmph
(B) 35, 27 kmph
(C) 50, 60 kmph
(D) 45, 55 kmph
(E) 45, 65 kmph
(A)
S = 180/6 * 18/5 = 108 kmph
| A 180 meter long train crosses a man standing on the platform in 6 sec. What is the speed of the train?
Options:
(A) 48 kmph
(B) 52 kmph
(C) 108 kmph
(D) 100 kmph
(E) 98 kmph
(C) |
In this task, you will be presented with a question and you have to answer the question based on your knowledge. Your answers should be as short as possible.
What type of protected area is the national park that spans eleven of the twelve islands in the province of Trat , including the island that is about 20 nautical miles away from Koh Samet ?
IUCN Category II
What serves as inspiration for the person who created the artwork Jammin ' on the Avenue besides his family history ?
nature
Which countries share a border with the province which contains Cremorne Cemetery ?
| Mozambique , Eswatini and Lesotho
|
Rogalów Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship - Rogalów [rɔˈɡaluf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Krasocin within Włoszczowa County Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) north of Krasocin 13 km (8 mi) north-east of Włoszczowa and 36 km (22 mi) west of the regional capital Kielce.The village has a population of 88. Given a choice of categories company, educational institution, artist, athlete, office holder, mean of transportation, building, natural place, village, animal, plant, album, film or written work, the text refers to which one?
A: | Village |
Teacher:In this task, you are given a context, a subject, a relation, and many options. Based on the context, from the options select the object entity that has the given relation with the subject. Answer with text (not indexes).
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Context: A flood basalt is the result of a giant volcanic eruption or series of eruptions that coats large stretches of land or the ocean floor with basalt lava. Flood basalt provinces such as the Deccan Traps of India are often called traps, which derives from the characteristic stairstep geomorphology of many associated landscapes. Rampino and Stothers (1988) cite eleven distinct flood basalt episodes occurring in the past 250 million years, creating large volcanic provinces, plateaus, and mountain ranges. However, more have been recognized such as the large Ontong Java Plateau, and the Chilcotin Group, though the latter may be linked to the Columbia River Basalt Group. Large igneous provinces have been connected to five mass extinction events, and may be associated with bolide impacts., Lava is the molten rock expelled by a volcano during an eruption. The resulting rock after solidification and cooling is also called "lava". The molten rock is formed in the interior of some planets, including Earth, and some of their satellites. The source of the heat that melts the rock within the earth is geothermal energy. When first erupted from a volcanic vent, lava is a liquid usually at temperatures from . , Earth, otherwise known as the world, is the third planet from the Sun and the only object in the Universe known to harbor life. It is the densest planet in the Solar System and the largest of the four terrestrial planets., In the Lunar geologic timescale , the Late Imbrian epoch occurred between 3800 million years ago to about 3200 million years ago . It was the epoch during which the mantle below the lunar basins partially melted and filled them with basalt . The melting is thought to have occurred because the impacts of the Early Imbrian thinned the overlying rock - either causing the mantle to rise because of the reduced pressure on it , bringing molten material closer to the surface ; or the top melting as heat flowed upwards through the mantle because of reduced overlying thermal insulation . The majority of lunar samples returned to earth for study come from this epoch . The Earth equivalent consists of half of the Archean eon . Millions of years before present, The pre-Nectarian period of the lunar geologic timescale runs from 4533 million years ago (the time of the initial formation of the Moon) to 3920 million years ago, when the Nectaris Basin was formed by a large impact. It is followed by the Nectarian period., The Eratosthenian period in the lunar geologic timescale runs from 3,200 million years ago to 1,100 million years ago. It is named after the crater Eratosthenes, whose formation marks the beginning of this period. The formation of the crater Copernicus marks its end, and the beginning of the subsequent Copernician Period. The massive basaltic volcanism of the Imbrian period tapered off and ceased during this long span of lunar time. The youngest lunar lava flows identified from orbital images are tentatively placed near the end of this period., Regolith is a layer of loose, heterogeneous superficial material covering solid rock. It includes dust, soil, broken rock, and other related materials and is present on Earth, the Moon, Mars, some asteroids, and other terrestrial planets and moons., An impact event is a collision between astronomical objects causing measurable effects. Impact events have physical consequences and have been found to regularly occur in planetary systems, though the most frequent involve asteroids, comets or meteoroids and have minimal impact. When large objects impact terrestrial planets like the Earth, there can be significant physical and biospheric consequences, though atmospheres mitigate many surface impacts through atmospheric entry. Impact craters and structures are dominant landforms on many of the Solar System's solid objects and present the strongest empirical evidence for their frequency and scale., The Moon is an astronomical body that orbits planet Earth, being Earth's only permanent natural satellite. It is the fifth-largest natural satellite in the Solar System, and the largest among planetary satellites relative to the size of the planet that it orbits (its primary). Following Jupiter's satellite Io, the Moon is second-densest satellite among those whose densities are known. , The lunar geological timescale (or selenological timescale) divides the history of Earth's Moon into five generally recognized periods: the Copernican, Eratosthenian, Imbrian (Late and Early epochs), Nectarian, and Pre-Nectarian. The boundaries of this time scale are related to large impact events that have modified the lunar surface, changes in crater form that occur through time, and the size-frequency distribution of craters superposed on geological units. The absolute ages for these periods have been constrained by radiometric dating of samples obtained from the lunar surface. However, there is still much debate concerning the ages of certain key events, because correlating lunar regolith samples with geological units on the Moon is difficult, and most lunar radiometric ages have been highly affected by an intense history of bombardment., Mare Imbrium (Latin for "Sea of Showers" or "Sea of Rains") is a vast lava plain within the Imbrium Basin on the Moon and is one of the larger craters in the Solar System. The Imbrium Basin formed from the collision of a proto-planet during the Late Heavy Bombardment. Basaltic lava later flooded the giant crater to form the flat volcanic plain seen today. The basin's age has been estimated using U-Pb dating methods to 3938 ± 4 million years ago, the diameter of the impactor has been estimated to be 250 ± 25 km. The Moon's maria (plural of mare) have fewer features than other areas of the Moon because molten lava pooled in the craters and formed a relatively smooth surface. Mare Imbrium is not as flat as it was originally because later events have altered its surface., In the lunar geologic timescale, the Early Imbrian epoch occurred between 3850 million years ago to about 3800 million years ago. It overlaps the end of the Late Heavy Bombardment of the Inner Solar System. The impact that created the huge Mare Imbrium basin occurred at the start of the epoch. The other large basins that dominate the lunar nearside (such as Crisium, Tranquilitatis, Serenitatis, Fecunditatis, and Procellarum) were also formed in this period. These basins filled with basalt mostly during the subsequent Late Imbrian epoch. The Early Imbrian was preceded by the Nectarian., Basalt (, , , or ) is a common extrusive igneous (volcanic) rock formed from the rapid cooling of basaltic lava exposed at or very near the surface of a planet or moon. Flood basalt describes the formation in a series of lava basalt flows., Radiometric dating or radioactive dating is a technique used to date materials such as rocks or carbon, in which trace radioactive impurities were selectively incorporated when they were formed. The method compares the abundance of a naturally occurring radioactive isotope within the material to the abundance of its decay products, which form at a known constant rate of decay. The use of radiometric dating was first published in 1907 by Bertram Boltwood and is now the principal source of information about the absolute age of rocks and other geological features, including the age of fossilized life forms or the age of the Earth itself, and can also be used to date a wide range of natural and man-made materials., Subject: late imbrian, Relation: named_after, Options: (A) 1 (B) 100 (C) 3 (D) 4 (E) basalt (F) earth (G) india (H) io (I) isotope (J) java (K) mare imbrium (L) mars (M) moon (N) rock (O) sea (P) span (Q) technique (R) time
Student: | mare imbrium |
Beirut, Lebanon (CNN) -- The message the brother and sister read aloud is one addressed to a missing father: 9-year-old Najwa and 8-year-old Tirad reciting the words in unison, "Our mother's starting to worry about you."
Their mom, Ensaf Haidar, is indeed worried, but she's also pained. She knows how much her children yearn to see their dad, but she just doesn't know what to tell them.
How can she begin to explain that their dad has languished in a Saudi prison for almost a year? How can she expose her kids to a brutal reality she feels they're not ready to face?
"They're always asking me, 'When is Dad coming home?' " Haidar said. "Telling me, 'Mom, I miss Dad so much.' "
Haidar struggles with the dilemma every day.
"It often feels like the world is against me," she said. "When I see how the children are deprived of their father, this is what bothers me the most."
Her three children, including 5-year-old Myriam, think their father's just delayed by work. But Raif Badawi, 30, has been imprisoned since being arrested in June. He is accused of, among other things, breaking Sharia law and starting a website that infringed on religious values.
According to Haidar, her husband just wanted to encourage discussion about religion in his homeland. But starting a liberal Internet forum in conservative Saudi Arabia can be a dangerous pursuit.
"No one wanted to take his case," said Waleed Abualkhair, Badawi's attorney. "Because they believed that anyone who'd take this kind of case, that means he destroys his (own) reputation. But I don't believe in that. I believe that everyone has his right to have a lawyer. And I believe that Raif is innocent." What are the answers to this following set of questions: 1. Who is Badawi's lawyer?
2. Were there a lot of lawyers hoping to get this case?
3. Why not?
4. How many things does his attorney believe?
5. What is one?
6. Does he think his client is guilty?
7. How many children does he have?
8. Where do they think their dad is?
9. How many of the children are less than nine years old?
10. What's the middle child's name?
11. Where is their dad really?
12. Where?
13. For over a year?
14. For how long then?
15. Who is keeping this a secret from the kids?
16. What is her name?
17. What was the father arrested for?
18. What was his purpose of doing that?
19. What law did that break?
20. Is Saudi Arabia known as a liberal country?
Answer: 1. Waleed Abualkhair
2. No
3. it would destroy his (own) reputation
4. Two
5. everyone has his right to have a lawyer.
6. no
7. Three
8. delayed by work
9. Two
10. Tirad
11. in prison
12. Saudi
13. no
14. almost a year
15. Their mom
16. Ensaf Haidar
17. starting a liberal Internet forum
18. encourage discussion about religion in his homeland.
19. Sharia
20. no
Olympic torch relay planned route Beijing, April 27--The Beijing 2008 Olympic Torch Relay will cover the greatest area and include the largest number of people. The plans were announced on Thursday night. The planned route would last 130 days and travel 137 000 km. First Nobel Prize winner to donate to Hope School Chinanews, Beijing, May 10--Professor Dannel Chee Tsui, in the USA, signed the agreement to donate 350 000yuan to his home town to build a Hope Primary School in China. Bill Gates receives Tsinghua honorary doctorate Beijing,April 20--Bill Gates, chairman of global IT giant Microsoft, received an honorary doctorate when he visited China's famous Tsinghua University on Thursday. Big Shaolin kung fu center to be built in Russia Chinanews, Beijing, April 27--China and Russia have signed a letter of intent ( )on the building of a Shaolin kung fu center in Russia. It will be the first of its kind in Russia,and also the biggest overseas kung fu center when it is completed. What are the answers to this following set of questions: 1. What did bill gate recieve
2. Was the plan announced on a weekend?
3. What did China and Russia agreed on to create?
4. How much does the first nobel prize winner donated?
5. For whom did he donate it?
6. Where was the hope school located?
Answer: 1. Tsinghua honorary doctorate.
2. No.
3. A Shaolin kung fu center in Russia
4. 350 000yuan
5. to Hope School
6. China
Chapter XIII. -- SMALL-WAR: FIRST EMERGENCE OF ZIETHEN THE HUSSAR GENERAL INTO NOTICE.
After Brieg, Friedrich undertook nothing military, except strict vigilance of Neipperg, for a couple of months or more. Military, especially offensive operations, are not the methods just now. Rest on your oars; see how this seething Ocean of European Politics, and Peace or War, will settle itself into currents, into set winds; by which of them a man may steer, who happens to have a fixed port in view. Neipperg, too, is glad to be quiescent; "my Infantry hopelessly inferior," he writes to head-quarters: "Could not one hire 10,000 Saxons, think you,"--or do several other chimerical things, for help? Except with his Pandour people, working what mischief they can, Neipperg does nothing. But this Hungarian rabble is extensively industrious, scouring the country far and wide; and gives a great deal of trouble both to Friedrich and the peaceable inhabitants. So that there is plenty of Small War always going on:--not mentionable here, any passage of it, except perhaps one, at a place called Rothschloss; which concerns a remarkable Prussian Hussar Major, their famed Ziethen, and is still remembered by the Prussian public.
We have heard of Captain, now Major Ziethen, how Friedrich Wilhelm sent him to the Rhine Campaign, six years ago, to learn the Hussar Art from the Austrians there. One Baronay (BARONIAY, or even BARANYAI, as others write him), an excellent hand, taught him the Art;--and how well he has learned, Baronay now sadly experiences. The affair of Rothschloss (in abridged form) befell as follows:-- What are the answers to this following set of questions: 1. what is no longer a method used?
2. what is the worse kind?
3. who is choosing not to partake in something?
4. what is he not doing?
5. since when?
6. but what is he doing?
7. how long has it been this way?
8. who is content with things being calm?
9. who does he write to?
10. saying what?
11. what is he asking for?
12. why?
13. was it because he needed help?
14. who did Friedrich send somewhere?
15. how long ago?
16. to where?
17. why?
18. from who?
19. who was teaching it?
20. what do some refer to him as?
Answer: | 1. Military operations
2. offensive
3. Friedrich
4. anythingmilitary,
5. After Brieg,
6. strict vigilance of Neipperg
7. or a couple of months or more
8. Neipperg,
9. head-quarters: "
10. "my Infantry hopelessly inferior,"
11. "Could not one hire 10,000 Saxons,"
12. unknown
13. yes
14. Ziethen
15. , six years ago,
16. the Rhine Campaign,
17. to learn the Hussar Art
18. from the Austrians there.
19. One Baronay taught him the Art;-
20. BARANYAI |
instruction:
In this task you are given a sentence pair from wikipedia that have high lexical overlap. If the sentences have the same meaning and are just paraphrases of each other label them as "Paraphrase" , if not label them as "Not paraphrase". The two sentences are seperated by a new line.
question:
Neural networks where consequently able to identify the key patterns and then identify the customers that were most likely to repeat purchase .
Neural networks were then able to identify key patterns and consequently identify the customers who are most likely to repeat the purchase .
answer:
Not paraphrase
question:
The brewery produces eight standard beers and three standard beers , and the seasonal Natte , Zatte , Columbus and Struis beers are bio-certified .
The brewery produces eight standard beers and three seasonal beers , the standard Natte , Zatte , Columbus and Struis beers are bio-certified .
answer:
Not paraphrase
question:
The Potez X was a French colonial transport aircraft designed and built by Potez in the 1920s .
The Potez X was a colonial French transport aircraft of the 1920s , designed and built by Potez .
answer:
| Not paraphrase
|
You are given a paragraph (Passage), a question (Question) and two answer options (Option1 and Option2). Your task is to choose the correct answer to the question based on the passage. Answer of the question cannot be found directly from the passage, it is indirectly indicated in the passage. Do not answer with words other than the two options, and do not answer with option titles(e.g. "option1" or "1" are not acceptable answers.)
Q: Passage: I went to the doctor for a skin check with a dermatologist a few months ago . I had to call several weeks in advance to schedule the appointment , since it was my first time seeing this doctor they asked me print out new patient paperwork and bring along medical records if I had any . I arrived to the appointment early to complete paperwork . I was called back and a physicians assistant asked me questions about the purpose of the appointment and if I had any history with skin cancer , I told her I did not and was just there for a check to make sure everything was OK . She asked if I minded if the doctor brought in a med student who was working with her , I told her it was fine . The doctor , med student and physicians assistant all came in and the doctor checked over my entire body , commenting about freckles but saying everything looked OK . She said everything looked good and recommended a check once a year since I am very pale and have a family history of skin cancer . Question: When did they remove everything including socks? Option1: To check for cavities Option2: when seeing the dermatologist.
A: when seeing the dermatologist.
****
Q: Passage: I went skiing yesterday . I usually go snowboarding , but this time I thought I 'd try going skiing . This meant that instead of one snowboard , I had one ski on each foot . It was hard to keep my balance , but it was okay because along with the skis there are two ski sticks . Me and my friend took the ski lift up the slope , and then we stood at the top of the slope . It was scary at first , but once I got the hang of it , I could go pretty fast down the hill and had fun ! Me and my friend had fun skiing down the hill and laughing the whole way . I think that I would go skiing again , since I love being in the snow and going fast . Next time , I 'll bring even more friends though ! Question: When did they go down? Option1: Before getting on top slope Option2: After they got off of the ski lift
A: After they got off of the ski lift
****
Q: Passage: The bathroom was filthy . It was time to clean it up . I first started by picking up the laundry that covered the floor . Next I emptied the trash can . I decided to open the window to let in some fresh air . The last plumbing item I cleaned was the toilet . I scrubbed the outside and then the bowl . Everything was sparkling clean . I filled a bucket with cleaner and mopped the floor . After it dried , I wiped down the mirrors and windows . It smelled so fresh and clean ! I made sure all the linens were clean and changed and then I took down the shower curtain . I went outside and sprayed down the shower curtain . After it would dry , I would replace it . Question: When did they close the window? Option1: Before the window was opened Option2: Later in the day.
A: | Later in the day.
****
|
(Question)
Read the following context and choose the correct option to answer the question. Context: Deciding to go on a diet is easy, but sticking to a diet is not easy! So, when facing that challenge, it is important to know how to reach your weight-loss goal. Of course, you have to decide you want to lose weight and be committed to doing so; then, you must stick to your guns and stay motivated or the goal will never be realized. There is no magic bullet, but there are two important tips that can help you reach your weight-loss goal. #1 – Take It a Week at a Time You must break your ultimate goal into smaller chunks and have bench marks that will indicate you are moving in the right direction. According to the Mayo Clinic, “Over the long term, it’s best to aim for losing 1 to 2 pounds (0.5 to 1 kilogram) a week.” When you have a realistic weekly weight-loss target, you will be more confident in your efforts and you will know exactly what you are going to measure at the end of each week. Your long-term goal may be 40 pounds, but take it “one week at a time” (1 to 2 pounds/week = 20 to 30 weeks) In addition to choosing a healthy diet that fits your lifestyle and current health conditions, plus a solid commitment to stay with it, don’t forget to get plenty of rest and exercise. . BUT . . . the primary target should be the number of pounds you plan to lose each week. That target should be clear – and realistic. If it is, you should be able to stick to your weight loss program and enjoy success week after week, after week. AND, feel good in the process. If you are not hitting your target, be willing to look closely at what you are doing, or not doing – and figure out why you are not reaching your weekly target. Maybe the target you set was not sensible or reasonable; or, maybe you are putting too much pressure on yourself. Honest introspection is a good way to see what you are really capable of doing and then, you can develop or choose a plan that is suitable for your unique lifestyle. Question: How long does it take to become committed to a diet. Options: - not enough information - A couple of days. - A couple of weeks. - It is different for each person.
(Answer)
It is different for each person.
(Question)
Read the following context and choose the correct option to answer the question. Context: As academic work is becoming arguably more precarious and competitive, shorter contracts are becoming the norm, and the number of people completing PhDs in the UK is increasing, the risks associated with researching academia are high. This post discusses and explores my experiences of being a PhD student researching women’s lived experiences of research evaluation in the UK, and my thoughts on and experiences of interviewing very senior and esteemed academics as a junior researcher. My PhD study explored research evaluation in the form of the Research Excellence Framework (REF) – a weighty force in UK academia – the outcomes of which, I argue, hold the potential to alter the course of an academic career considerably, as well as playing a role in the type of work that some academics do, particularly given the REF impact agenda. There is currently an international trend towards research evaluation with programmes such as the Excellence in Research for Australia (ERA), the Performance-Based Research fund in New Zealand (PBRF), and equivalents in countries including Denmark, Switzerland and the Netherlands. What is clear is that there is not enough qualitative, exploratory research into the effects of research evaluation on academic careers, especially for women, and so my PhD study was born. My findings suggest that research evaluation in the UK actively contributes to the continuance of gender inequality regimes in the academy, and that the ability to negotiate managerial control and be politically savvy is increasingly important in the academic world. Before embarking on my PhD, I was acutely aware of the sensitivity of my research, as well as my own positionality with regards to my participants. Reflection is and was an important element in the research process for me, as it allowed me to reflect on the effects of the self on the research process and, ultimately, also on the data, as well as the various power dynamics discernible during interviews for my study. I was continually taken aback by participants’... Question: What is most likely true about the author after this story? Options: - They will become a proofreader. - They will move to Denmark. - not enough information - They will have an advanced degree.
(Answer)
They will have an advanced degree.
(Question)
Read the following context and choose the correct option to answer the question. Context: Emily Nagoski is a badass Ph.D. who teaches human sexuality. She wrote a book – Come As You Are. Here’s a secret: the entire sexology community was eager to get their mitts on her book, it was very exciting. I can’t recall the last time there was that much hullabaloo about one book. In this important book, Dr Nagoski explains the interplay between sexual desire and stress — a concept that gives us a unique insight into what is going on in women’s sex lives. THE ACCELERATOR AND THE BRAKES This concept is a big deal. Think of the accelerator and the brake of a car. Each pedal acts independently from one another; you can press on the accelerator and you can stomp on the brakes. You can even press both at the same time. We don’t often press them at the same time – in fact, I was specifically told NOT to do that in driver’s ed – but anyhow, pretend you do. If you press both pedals all the way to the floor of the car, do you stop or go? That’s right, you STOP! Ok, now get this, your brake pedal is all the stress you have and your accelerator is your sexual desire. In the same way that the brake and accelerator of a car are two separate pedals yet also inextricably linked, so are your stress and your arousal. They are not the same things, yet have everything to do with one another. If your stress level is high, the majority of women have brakes that turn on, meaning, no matter how much sexy stuff is going on around her, she does not want sex at all. It is like she is pressing down the brakes and the accelerator at the same time. This isn’t the case for all women; some women have extremely sensitive brakes or extremely sensitive accelerators. And as Nagoski has found, while this correlation between stress and sexual desire is more common for women, men experience it too (just not quite as often). Question: After the end of the story, Nagoski probably: Options: - doesn't write anymore books - ignores people's questions on the book - not enough information - answers questions about her book
(Answer)
| answers questions about her book |
Part 1. Definition
You are given a sentence and a question. You're expected to write the correct answer based on the sentence.
Part 2. Example
Sentence: Jacob and Benny are squatting at the gym. Jacob has thin frail legs and Benny has big strong legs. Question: Who squats less weight?
Answer: Jacob
Explanation: Typically, people with thin frail legs squat less weight than people with big strong legs, so the answer is Jacob.
Part 3. Exercise
Sentence: Atreyu saw two pin-prick green dots in the dark cave far ahead. As he got closer, he saw they were the glowing eyes of the Gmork. When the Gmork lunged at him, Atreyu saw its eyes were very green, very hungry, and very bright. Question: When did Gmork's eyes appear dimmer?
Answer: | when they were far |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you will be presented with a question and you have to answer the question based on your knowledge. Your answers should be as short as possible.
What is the organ/system of the cell type that is an electrically excitable cell a highly complex part of ?
| an animal |
In this task, you will be presented with a context from an academic paper and a question separated with a
. You have to answer the question based on the context.
Ex Input:
We collect utterances from the $\mathbf {C}$hinese $\mathbf {A}$rtificial $\mathbf {I}$ntelligence $\mathbf {S}$peakers (CAIS), and annotate them with slot tags and intent labels. The training, validation and test sets are split by the distribution of intents, where detailed statistics are provided in the supplementary material. Since the utterances are collected from speaker systems in the real world, intent labels are partial to the PlayMusic option. We adopt the BIOES tagging scheme for slots instead of the BIO2 used in the ATIS, since previous studies have highlighted meaningful improvements with this scheme BIBREF30 in the sequence labeling field.
Question: What is the domain of their collected corpus?
Ex Output:
speaker systems in the real world
Ex Input:
Although MCDN doesn't obtain the highest precision, it increases F1-score by 10.2% and 3% compared with the existing best systems $LS \cup KLD \cup CONN$ and $KLD \cup LS \cup LS_{inter}$.
Question: What performance did proposed method achieve, how much better is than previous state-of-the-art?
Ex Output:
increases F1-score by 10.2% and 3% compared with the existing best systems $LS \cup KLD \cup CONN$ and $KLD \cup LS \cup LS_{inter}$
Ex Input:
To address this drawback in ROUGE, we propose a new evaluation metric: Critical Information Completeness (CIC). Formally, CIC is a recall of semantic slot information between a candidate summary and a reference summary. CIC is defined as follows:
where $V$ stands for a set of delexicalized values in the reference summary, $Count_{match}(v)$ is the number of values co-occurring in the candidate summary and reference summary, and $m$ is the number of values in set $V$. In our experiments, CIC is computed as the arithmetic mean over all the dialog domains to retain the overall performance.
CIC is a suitable complementary metric to ROUGE because it accounts for the most important information within each dialog domain. CIC can be applied to any summarization task with predefined essential entities.
Question: How does new evaluation metric considers critical informative entities?
Ex Output:
| Answer with content missing: (formula for CIC) it accounts for the most important information within each dialog domain. CIC can be applied to any summarization task with predefined essential entities
|
The U.S. Supreme Court signaled Wednesday it may be open to new limits on the government's ability to track someone's movements by accessing data on that person's cellphone. A case before the high court could result in a landmark decision in the ongoing debate over civil liberties protections in an era of rapid technological change. At issue is whether law enforcement will be able to access cellphone data that can reveal a person's whereabouts without having to first obtain a court-issued search warrant. The case stems from the conviction of Timothy Carpenter for a series of robberies back in 2010 and 2011. Prosecutors were able to obtain cellphone records that indicated his location over a period of months, information that proved crucial to his conviction. On Wednesday, lawyers for the American Civil Liberties Union argued that law enforcement should be required to obtain a court-ordered search warrant before obtaining such information. They also argued that allowing law enforcement to access the cellphone data without a warrant would violate the prohibition on unreasonable search and seizures contained in the Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. "It is impossible to go about our daily lives without leaving a trail of digital breadcrumbs that reveal where we have been over time, what we have done, who we spent time with," said ACLU attorney Nathan Freed Wessler, who spoke to reporters outside the Supreme Court following oral arguments. "It is time for the court, we think, to update Fourth Amendment doctrine to provide reasonable protections today." Some of the justices also raised concerns about privacy in the digital age. "Most Americans, I think, still want to avoid Big Brother," Justice Sonia Sotomayor, who often sides with the liberal wing of the court, said. Chief Justice John Roberts, who often sides with conservatives on the court, said the central question was whether the cellphone information should be accessible to the government "without a warrant." How long after Timothy Carpenter was convicted did he continue to rob people? Pick the correct answer from the following options: A. 100 days B. 10 days C. 0 days D. not enough information
| C |
In this task you will be given a question and a passage. You need to determine if the answer to the question is contained in the passage. If the answer can be found in the passage you should output 'True'. If the answer cannot be found in the passage you should output 'False'.
Passage: 'The text of the Torah states that the name of Asher means happy / blessing, implying a derivation from the Hebrew term osher in two variations -- beoshri (meaning in my good fortune), and ishsheruni, which textual scholars attribute to different sources -- one to the Yahwist and the other to the Elohist. The Bible states that at his birth Leah exclaimed, 'Happy am I! for the daughters will call me happy: so she called his name Asher,' meaning happy. (Genesis 30: 13). Some scholars argue that the name of Asher may have to do with a deity originally worshipped by the tribe, either Asherah, or Ashur, the chief Assyrian deity; the latter possibility is cognate with Asher.'. Question: 'where did britain's sea empire extend to'. | False |
In this task, you are given a sentence in the Romanian language. Your job is to translate the Romanian sentence into the English language.
A fost anunțat că Green îl va înlocui pe Park în nr. 1 Chevrolet al Dale Earnhardt Inc., începând cu Winston Open de săptămâna viitoare, desfășurată la Loew's Motor Speedway.
It was announced that Green will replace Park in the Dale Earnhardt Inc. No. 1 Chevrolet, beginning with the Winston Open at Lowe's Motor Speedway next week.
Citatul pe care îl furnizați nu are nicio legătură cu verdictul contradictoriu.
The quote you provide has nothing to do with jury nullification.
Oamenii au ocolit legile.
| People bent the laws.
|
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, given a sentence in the English language, your task is to convert it into the Malay language.
Michael Baigent and Richard Leigh, who jointly wrote together with a third author, a 1982 Non-Fiction book The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail have taken The Da Vinci Code publisher Random House, to court claiming that The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail storyline has been stolen by Dan Brown.
| Michael Baigent dan Richard Leigh, yang menulis bersama - sama juga dengan seorang penulis ketiga, sebuah buku bukan fiksyen 1982, The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail, telah membawa penerbit The Da Vinci Code, Random House, ke mahkamah dan mendakwa jalan cerita The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail teah dicuri oleh Dan Brown. |
Please answer this: The following article contains an answer for the question: What acts as reamers when they fail? , can you please find it? The two main requirements of an anti-torque system are that it should prevent rotation of the sonde, and it should allow easy movement of the drill up and down the borehole. Attempts have been made to design drills with counter-rotating components so that overall torque is minimized, but these have had limited success. Five kinds of anti-torque systems have been devised for use with cable-suspended EM drills, though not all are in current use, and some drills have used a combination of more than one design. The first drill to require an anti-torque system was used at Camp Century by CRREL in 1966; the drill incorporated a set of hinged friction blades that swung out from the sonde when the drill motor was started. These were found to have very weak friction against the borehole wall, and were ineffective; the drill had to be controlled carefully to prevent twisting the cable. No other drills have attempted to use this approach.For the next deployment of the drill leaf springs were installed, and this has proved to be a more durable design. These are mounted vertically, with a curve outwards so that they are easily compressed by the borehole wall, and can slide up and down with the movement of the drill. They pass easily through any areas of irregularity in the borehole, but the edges of the springs cut into the borehole wall and prevent rotation. Leaf springs are very simple mechanically, with the additional benefit of being easy to adjust by changing the spacing between the end points. They can be placed anywhere on the drill that does not rotate, so they do not add length to the sonde. The shape is usually a fourth-order parabola, since this has been determined to provide the most even loading against the borehole wall. Leaf springs have been found to be so effective that they can prevent rotation even in heavy drills running at full power.Skate antitorque systems have blades attached to vertical bars which are pushed against the borehole wall; the blades dig into the wall and provide the...
++++++++
Answer: skates
Please answer this: The following article contains an answer for the question: What show a Christian iconography emerging, initially from Roman popular decorative art, but later borrowing from official imperial and pagan motifs? , can you please find it? The Catacombs of Rome contain most of the surviving Christian art of the Early Christian period, mainly in the form of frescos and sculpted sarcophagi. They show a Christian iconography emerging, initially from Roman popular decorative art, but later borrowing from official imperial and pagan motifs. Initially, Christians avoided iconic images of religious figures, and sarcophagi were decorated with ornaments, Christian symbols like the Chi Rho monogram and, later, narrative religious scenes. The Early Christians' habit, after the end of their persecution, of building churches (most famously St Peter's, Rome) over the burial places of martyrs who had originally been buried discreetly or in a mass grave perhaps led to the most distinctive feature of Christian funerary art, the church monument, or tomb inside a church. The beliefs of many cultures, including Judaism and Hinduism as well as classical paganism, consider the dead ritually impure and avoid mixing temples and cemeteries (though see above for Moche, and below for Islamic culture).
++++++++
Answer: Christian art of the Early Christian period
Please answer this: The following article contains an answer for the question: Who is said to not like girls? , can you please find it? Bernard Chanticleer, called "Big Boy" by his parents, is 19 but still lives with his overbearing, clinging mother and his commanding, disapproving father, who is Curator of Incunabula at the New York Public Library. Bernard also works as a low-level assistant at the library, where his father is constantly monitoring and admonishing him. His father decides it's time he grew up and moved out of the family home in Great Neck and into his own Manhattan apartment. His mother is not happy about letting him go, but acquiesces to her husband and arranges for Bernard to live in a rooming house run by nosy, prudish Miss Nora Thing. Miss Thing inherited the building on the condition that her late brother's aggressive pet rooster be allowed to occupy the fifth floor, which Bernard must pass to get to his room. Miss Thing reassures Bernard's mother that the rooster only attacks girls, especially young pretty girls, to which Bernard's mother responds that her son isn't interested in girls yet, but arranges that Miss Thing will spy on Bernard and report any "female" activity. Bernard's mother also constantly mails locks of her hair to Bernard at his new residence.
++++++++
Answer: | Bernard Chanticleer |
Please answer the following question: Read the article and select the best answer. Article: Nate Robinson is unlike any other player in the NBA. This player is the shortest in the NBA, but he is one of the most fearless players. He is 1.75m tall. "In NBA, he looks like a fourth-grader among a group of high school students," according to The Atlantic. How can he compete with them? Robinson _ for this with his ability to jump. Without moving forwards or backwards, he can jump up to 110cm. However, confidence helps him more. "People talk about my height all the time, but I don't really feel smaller than anyone else," said Robinson. "I always think I'm on fire ." No matter who you are or what you've won, he's going to come at you. With that spirit, he has won the NBA Slam Dunk Contest three times. Also, he has made many wonderful blocks . Chicago Bulls played Miami Heat on May 10, 2013. LeBron James, the 2.03-meter-tall player from Miami Heat, went to shoot. But Robinson blocked him. He also blocked Shaquille O'Neal in Cleveland Cavaliers and even Yao Ming in Houston Rockets. Nate Robinson is a hero. He has given many basketball fans hope. Maybe one day, you can also block big guys like LeBron James! Question: According to the report, Nate Robinson once played for _ . Options: A: Chicago Bulls B: Miami Heat C: Houston Rockets D: Cleveland Cavaliers
A: | A |
In this task, you will be presented with a context from an academic paper and you have to write an answerable question based on the context. Your questions can be extractive, abstractive, or yes-no questions.
a) Parallel Scan Inference b) Vectorized Parsing c) Semiring Matrix Operations Torch-Struct aims for computational and memory efficiency. Implemented naively, dynamic programming algorithms in Python are prohibitively slow. As such Torch-Struct provides key primitives to help batch and vectorize these algorithms to take advantage of GPU computation and to minimize the overhead of backpropagating through chart-based dynamic programmming.
What general-purpose optimizations are included?
At the moment defender can draw on methods from image area to text for improving the robustness of DNNs, e.g. adversarial training BIBREF107 , adding extra layer BIBREF113 , optimizing cross-entropy function BIBREF114 , BIBREF115 or weakening the transferability of adversarial examples.
Which strategies show the most promise in deterring these attacks?
For this knowledge, we create a knowledge base by counting how many times a predicate-argument tuple appears in a corpus and use the resulted number to represent the preference strength. Specifically, we use the English Wikipedia as the base corpus for such counting.
| What is the source of external knowledge?
|
A text is given in English. Translate it from the English language to the Gujarati language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
Section 7 of theMicro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development (MSMED) Act, 2006 will accordingly be amended to define units producing goods and rendering services in terms of annual turnover as follows: | સૂક્ષ્મ, લઘુ અને મધ્યમ ઉદ્યોગસાહસ વિકાસ (એમએસએમઈડી) કાયદો, 200ની કલમ માં સંશોધન કરવામાં આવશે તથા માલ અને સેવાઓનાં સંબંધમાં વાર્ષિક વ્યવસાયને ધ્યાનમાં રાખીને એકમોને આ પ્રકારે પરિભાષિત કરવામાં આવશે - |
Teacher: In this task, you're given a context passage, followed by a question that needs to be answered. Based on the paragraph, you must write unambiguous answers to the questions and your answer must refer to a specific phrase from the paragraph. If multiple answers seem to exist, write the answer that is the most plausible.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example:
Tracy slept awkwardly on their new bed and was having some pain, so Tracy cracked her neck.
Question: What did Tracy do with her neck?
Solution: crack her neck
Reason: The output phrase perfectly answers the question and is explicitly mentioned in the passage as well.
Now, solve this instance: In 1939, Martin Kamen and Samuel Ruben of the Radiation Laboratory at Berkeley began experiments to determine if any of the elements common in organic matter had isotopes with half-lives long enough to be of value in biomedical research. They synthesized 14C using the laboratory's cyclotron accelerator and soon discovered that the atom's half-life was far longer than had been previously thought. This was followed by a prediction by Serge A. Korff, then employed at the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia, that the interaction of thermal neutrons with 14N in the upper atmosphere would create 14C. It had previously been thought that 14C would be more likely to be created by deuterons interacting with 13C. At some time during World War II, Willard Libby, who was then at Berkeley, learned of Korff's research and conceived the idea that it might be possible to use radiocarbon for dating.In 1945, Libby moved to the University of Chicago where he began his work on radiocarbon dating. He published a paper in 1946 in which he proposed that the carbon in living matter might include 14C as well as non-radioactive carbon. Libby and several collaborators proceeded to experiment with methane collected from sewage works in Baltimore, and after isotopically enriching their samples they were able to demonstrate that they contained 14C. By contrast, methane created from petroleum showed no radiocarbon activity because of its age. The results were summarized in a paper in Science in 1947, in which the authors commented that their results implied it would be possible to date materials containing carbon of organic origin.Libby and James Arnold proceeded to test the radiocarbon dating theory by analyzing samples with known ages. For example, two samples taken from the tombs of two Egyptian kings, Zoser and Sneferu, independently dated to 2625 BC plus or minus 75 years, were dated by radiocarbon measurement to an average of 2800 BC plus or minus 250 years. These results were published in Science in 1949. Within 11 years of their announcement, more than 20 radiocarbon dating laboratories had been set up worldwide. In 1960, Libby was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for this work.
Question: What are the last names of the people who, within 11 years of their announcement, more than 20 radiocarbon dating laboratories had been set up worldwide?
Student: | Libby, Arnold |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question.
Q: Question: How old was Yamaoka when he left Konami? Passage:The game's history can be traced back to 2005, when Goichi Suda and Shinji Mikami (creator of the Resident Evil series) became good friends while working together on Killer7. Suda wanted to make a survival horror game exclusively for the PlayStation 3. With his first horror title receiving decent sales in Japan by 2006, Suda immediately began working on Kurayami (Japanese for 'Darkness') in his spare time. It was at one time thought to be called "Closer". However, EA later confirmed that name had been abandoned for another title. By the Electronic Entertainment Expo (E3) in 2006, a publisher for Kurayami had not yet been established. In 2008, Suda presented the game's concept to EA Games, who agreed to license the Unreal Engine 3 and to publish the game to a worldwide audience. Shinji Mikami was then invited to executive-produce the project. Suda wanted to announce the game at E3 2009, but was not allowed to do so, due to a media silence agreement between Grasshopper Manufacture and EA Games. That December, Akira Yamaoka (sound designer for the Silent Hill series) left Konami after finishing his work on and joined Grasshopper Manufacture because he enjoyed the latter's game No More Heroes. Yamaoka began work as the sound designer for the game. The game went about five different versions until Electronics Arts approved it. The newly titled Shadows of the Damned was finally unveiled at the Tokyo Game Show in 2010 as an action game.
Links: a. Akira Yamaoka b. Tokyo Game Show c. Electronic Arts d. Akira Yamaoka
A: | a |
Given a passage, write a short incorrect summary based on the passage.
sonia sotomayor was sworn in saturday as the supreme court 's first hispanic justice and only third female member in the top u.s. court 's ###-year history .
israeli officials : new west bank projects frozen
on monday , less than three weeks before the official start of the hurricane season , government forecasters predicted an active season that could be comparable to last year 's destructive one .
pentagon denies preparing to down stray plane
a french military transport plane carrying the body of late palestinian leader yasser arafat left here thursday after a brief solemn ceremony at a french military airport outside paris for the departure of arafat 's body to cairo , egypt for a state UNK .
| un chief says only regional cooperation can solve cross-border issues
|
Given a sentence in French, provide an equivalent paraphrased version from the original that retains the same meaning.
La gestion conjointe du mémorial par la marine des États-Unis et le National Park Service a été fondée le 9 septembre 1980.
L’administration conjointe du mémorial par le Service des parcs nationaux et la marine américaine a été mise en place le 9 septembre 1980.
Il a deux fils: l'aîné Maharana Mahendra Singh et le plus jeune Arvind Singh.
Il a deux fils: l'aîné Maharana Mahendra Singh et le plus jeune Arvind Singh.
La lance de charge est une grosse lance pouvant être «chargée» pour former une lame organique aiguisée qui peut être utilisée pour frapper des ennemis.
| La lance de charge est une grosse lance pouvant être «chargée» pour former une lame organique aiguisée pouvant être utilisée pour poignarder ses ennemis.
|
In this task, you're given a pair of sentences, sentence 1 and sentence 2. Your job is to classify the genre of the sentences from the 10 options displayed. Indicate your answer by entering the number of the choice as 1-10.
Sentence 1: Add the shrill vocals of former Sex Pistol John Lydon, and the result is Leftfield's hectoring . Drench a track in shadowy atmosphere, and the result is the ominous soundscape of Tricky's . Combine '50s space music, French pop balladeering, and Marxist catch phrases, and the result is such Stereolab confections as . Transpose the cyclical rhythms of dance music (and work by minimalist composers like Steve Reich) to guitars, and the result is the hypnotic disorientation of My Bloody Valentine's . Include reggae rhythms and quotations from Indian and Arabic music, and the result is the ethno-techno of Loop Guru tracks like . Sentence 2: Mix two different genres of music together and the result will be a little more or less the same as another. Choices: 1. FACE-TO-FACE, 2. GOVERNMENT, 3. LETTERS, 4. 9/11, 5. SLATE, 6. TELEPHONE, 7. TRAVEL, 8. VERBATIM, 9. OUP, 10. FICTION.
4
Sentence 1: i think the longest we've stayed out there is like five days and they even they had a library at one time out there Sentence 2: We stayed at most five days. Choices: 1. FACE-TO-FACE, 2. GOVERNMENT, 3. LETTERS, 4. 9/11, 5. SLATE, 6. TELEPHONE, 7. TRAVEL, 8. VERBATIM, 9. OUP, 10. FICTION.
5
Sentence 1: Museo Lizaro Galdiano (c/ Serrano, 122) is an astonishingly wide-ranging and priceless private collection. Sentence 2: The collection is very limited and probably not worth much. Choices: 1. FACE-TO-FACE, 2. GOVERNMENT, 3. LETTERS, 4. 9/11, 5. SLATE, 6. TELEPHONE, 7. TRAVEL, 8. VERBATIM, 9. OUP, 10. FICTION.
| 6
|
Construct a question that every answer in the list is correct and reasonable for it.
13, 12, 10, 14, 16
tell me the age at which a kid no longer wants to be seen with his parents.
doll/stuffed animal, imaginary friend, pet, god
instead of a person name something a child talks to.
bran, banana, raisin, corn, chocolate chip, apple
| besides blueberry name a kind of muffin people eat at breakfast.
|
Given a question and a context passage, generate the answer having the word or phrase from the context passage. Here, the answer should be a shortest continous span from the passage.
Q: Context: When a new moon passes directly between the Earth and the Sun, it causes a solar eclipse (Figure 24.20). The Moon casts a shadow on the Earth and blocks our view of the Sun. This happens only all three are lined up and in the same plane. This plane is called the ecliptic. The ecliptic is the plane of Earths orbit around the Sun. The Moons shadow has two distinct parts. The umbra is the inner, cone-shaped part of the shadow. It is the part in which all of the light has been blocked. The penumbra is the outer part of Moons shadow. It is where the light is only partially blocked. When the Moons shadow completely blocks the Sun, it is a total solar eclipse (Figure 24.21). If only part of the Sun is out of view, it is a partial solar eclipse. Solar eclipses are rare events. They usually only last a few minutes. That is because the Moons shadow only covers a very small area on Earth and Earth is turning very rapidly. Solar eclipses are amazing to experience. It appears like night only strange. Birds may sing as they do at dusk. Stars become visible in the sky and it gets colder outside. Unlike at night, the Sun is out. So during a solar eclipse, its easy to see the Suns corona and solar prominences. This NASA page will inform you on when solar eclipses are expected: [Link] Sometimes a full moon moves through Earths shadow. This is a lunar eclipse (Figure 24.22). During a total lunar eclipse, the Moon travels completely in Earths umbra. During a partial lunar eclipse, only a portion of the Moon enters Earths umbra. When the Moon passes through Earths penumbra, it is a penumbral eclipse. Since Earths shadow is large, a lunar eclipse lasts for hours. Anyone with a view of the Moon can see a lunar eclipse. Partial lunar eclipses occur at least twice a year, but total lunar eclipses are less common. The Moon glows with a dull red coloring during a total lunar eclipse. The Moon does not produce any light of its own. It only reflects light from the Sun. As the Moon moves around the Earth, we see different parts of the Moon lit up by the Sun. This causes the phases of the Moon. As the Moon revolves around Earth, it changes from fully lit to completely dark and back again. A full moon occurs when the whole side facing Earth is lit. This happens when Earth is between the Moon and the Sun. About one week later, the Moon enters the quarter-moon phase. Only half of the Moons lit surface is visible from Earth, so it appears as a half circle. When the Moon moves between Earth and the Sun, the side facing Earth is completely dark. This is called the new moon phase. Sometimes you can just barely make out the outline of the new moon in the sky. This is because some sunlight reflects off the Earth and hits the Moon. Before and after the quarter-moon phases are the gibbous and crescent phases. During the crescent moon phase, the Moon is less than half lit. It is seen as only a sliver or crescent shape. During the gibbous moon phase, the Moon is more than half lit. It is not full. The Moon undergoes a complete cycle of phases about every 29.5 days.
Question: phase of the moon in which the entire side facing Earth is dark
A: new moon
****
Q: Context: Bokermannohyla is a genus of frogs in the Hylidae family.
Question: Is Bokermannohyla a genus or species?
A: genus
****
Q: Context: What do temperature, clouds, winds, and rain have in common? They are all part of weather. Weather refers to the conditions of the atmosphere at a given time and place. Weather occurs because of unequal heating of the atmosphere. The source of heat is the Sun. The general principles behind weather can be stated simply: The Sun heats Earths surface more in some places than others. Where it is warm, heat from the Sun warms the air close to the surface. If there is water at the surface, it may cause some of the water to evaporate. Warm air is less dense, so it rises. When this happens, more dense air flows in to take its place. The flowing surface air is wind. The rising air cools as it goes higher in the atmosphere. If it is moist, the water vapor may condense. Clouds may form, and precipitation may fall. The water cycle plays an important role in weather. When liquid water evaporates, it causes humidity. When water vapor condenses, it forms clouds and precipitation. Humidity, clouds, and precipitation are all important weather factors. Humidity is the amount of water vapor in the air. High humidity increases the chances of clouds and precipitation. Humidity usually refers to relative humidity. This is the percent of water vapor in the air relative to the total amount the air can hold. How much water vapor can the air hold? That depends on temperature. Warm air can hold more water vapor than cool air. You can see this in Figure 16.1. People often say, its not the heat but the humidity. Humidity can make a hot day feel even hotter. When sweat evaporates, it cools your body. But sweat cant evaporate when the air already contains as much water vapor as it can hold. The heat index is a measure of what the temperature feels like because of the humidity. You can see the heat index in Figure 16.2. Youve probably noticed dew on the grass on a summer morning. Why does dew form? Remember that the land heats up and cools down fairly readily. So when night comes, the land cools. Air that was warm and humid in the daytime also cools over night. As the air cools, it can hold less water vapor. Some of the water vapor condenses on the cool surfaces, such as blades of grass. The temperature at which water vapor condenses is called the dew point. If this temperature is below freezing, ice crystals of frost form instead of dew. As you can see in Figure 16.1, the dew point occurs at 100 percent relative humidity. Can you explain why? Clouds form when air in the atmosphere reaches the dew point. Clouds may form anywhere in the troposphere. Clouds that form on the ground are called fog. Clouds form when water vapor condenses around particles in the air. The particles are specks of matter, such as dust or smoke. Billions of these tiny water droplets come together to make up a cloud. If the air is very cold, ice crystals form instead of liquid water. Clouds are classified on the basis of where and how they form. Three main types of clouds are cirrus, stratus, and cumulus. Figure 16.3 shows these and other types of clouds. Cirrus clouds form high in the troposphere. Because it is so cold they are made of ice crystals. They are thin and wispy. Cirrus clouds dont usually produce precipitation, but they may be a sign that wet weather is coming. Stratus clouds occur low in the troposphere. They form in layers that spread horizontally and may cover the entire sky like a thick blanket. Stratus clouds that produce precipitation are called nimbostratus. The prefix nimbo- means rain. Cumulus clouds are white and puffy. Convection currents make them grow upward and they may grow very tall. When they produce rain, they are called cumulonimbus. Clouds can affect the temperature on Earths surface. During the day, thick clouds block some of the Suns rays. This keeps the surface from heating up as much as it would on a clear day. At night, thick clouds prevent
Question: The prefix nimbo- means
A: | rain.
****
|
Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
Context: Oxidative stress has been reported to be involved in numerous human diseases, including musculoskeletal disorders such as osteoarthritis. However, the interaction between intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration and oxidative stress is not well understood. The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the contribution of oxidative stress to IVD degeneration and the efficacy of antioxidant treatment for degenerative discs.', 'The expression level of an oxidative stress marker, nitrotyrosine, was assessed by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. For evaluating intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and oxidative stress in rat annulus fibrosus (AF) cells, flow cytometry and luciferase assay with an OKD48 construct were performed. The grade of IVD degeneration was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging and histological analysis.', 'A high frequency of nitrotyrosine-positive cells was observed in rat and human degenerative discs. mRNA expression of catabolic factors such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), matrix metalloprotease-3 (MMP-3), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was significantly induced by treatment with H2O2 or buthionine sulfoximine, whereas that of aggrecan, an important chondrogenic proteoglycan, was reduced in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors blocked the inductive effect of excessive ROS on COX-2 mRNA expression. Western blotting confirmed the phosphorylation of MAPKs in H2O2 and BSO-treated AF cells. Conversely, we showed that TNF-α induced oxidative stress with increased intracellular ROS levels in AF cells. Treatment with the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) abrogated the catabolic effect of excessive ROS and TNF-alpha in vitro. Finally, we showed that oral administration of NAC prevented IVD degeneration in rat degenerative model.
Answer: A positive feedback loop was formed between excessive ROS and TNF-alpha in AF cells. Thus, oxidative stress contributes to the progression of IVD degeneration and NAC can be a therapeutic option for IVD degeneration. | Are excessive reactive oxygen species therapeutic targets for intervertebral disc degeneration? |
In this task, given a sentence in the English language, your task is to convert it into the Malay language.
The "Verizon iPhone," as it has been dubbed for months, has been altered from the original iPhone 4 so it can utilize Verizon's 3G CDMA (code division multiple access) network.
"IPhone Verizon," seperti yang telah digelar berbulan, telah diubah suai dari iPhone 4 asal supaya ia boleh menggunakan jaringan CDMA (pembahagian kod pelbagai akses) 3G Verizon.
Recently acquired reliever Wayne Franklin threatened to lose the lead in the 7th inning, but was saved by Tanyon Sturtze, who came on to get the final out of the inning.
Kelegaan Wayne Franklin yang diperoleh baru-baru ini diancam akan kehilangan pendahuluan di pusing ke-7, tetapi telah diselamatkan oleh Tanyon Sturtze, yang muncul untuk mendapatkan mata di akhir pusingan.
"It is only through the hard work and professionalism of police officers and their military colleagues that the area has been made safe," Cordner said.
| "Hanya melalui kerja susah dan profesionalisme pegawai-pegawai polis dan rakan-tentera mereka bahawa kawasan itu telah dijadikan selamat," kata Cordner.
|
Please answer this: Given the following context: Chat Moss may be named after St Chad, a 7th-century bishop of Mercia, but as it was once part of a great tree-edged lake, as evidenced by the numerous wood remains in the lower levels of the peat, it is perhaps more likely that the name stems from the Celtic word ced, meaning wood. Chat Moss could also derive from Ceatta, an Old English personal name and mos, a swamp or alternatively the first element could be the Old English ceat meaning a piece of wet ground. It was recorded as Catemosse in 1277 and Chatmos in 1322. Moss is the local name for a peat bog.Daniel Defoe visited the area in 1724, on his way from Warrington to Manchester: From hence (Warrington), on the road to Manchester, we pass'd the great bog or waste call'd Chatmos, the first of that kind that we see in England ... The surface, at a distance, looks black and dirty, and is indeed frightful to think of, for it will bear neither horse or man, unless in an exceeding dry season, and then not so as to be passable, or that any one should travel over them ... What nature meant by such a useless production, 'tis hard to imagine; but the land is entirely waste, excep ... for the poor cottagers fuel, and the quantity used for that is very small. Peat bogs sometimes burst their boundaries, particularly after being subjected to heavy rainfall, and this seems to have happened with Chat Moss in the 16th century. John Leland, writing during the reign of King Henry VIII, described one such event: Chat Moss brast up within a mile of Mosley Haul, and destroied much grounde with mosse thereabout, and destroyed much fresh-water fishche thereabout, first corrupting with stinkinge water Glasebrooke, and so Glasebrooke carried stinkinge water and mosse into Mersey water, and Mersey corrupted carried the roulling mosse, part to the shores of Wales, part to the isle of Man, and some unto Ireland. Chat Moss presented a significant challenge to the engineers constructing the Liverpool and Manchester Railway in 1826 because of the difficulty in providing a solid base... answer the following question: What place did Daniel Defoe visited in 1724?
++++++++
Answer: Chatmos
Problem: Given the following context: Fed up with her dead-end job with a Minneapolis car rental agency, Martha quits, cashes her final paycheck, and uses the money to purchase an airline ticket to the least expensive international destination she can find - London. At the airport, she meets Daniel, a successful music label executive, who covertly arranges for her to be upgraded to First Class and seated next to him on the flight. When she sells the ticket to another passenger and Daniel finds his seatmate is an obnoxiously loud woman instead of the girl of his dreams, he moves back to the Economy section and takes the vacant seat next to Martha. Before landing in London, he offers her the use of a deluxe suite in a luxury hotel at his company's expense in exchange for a lunch date the following day. Through a series of flashbacks and flashforwards, we learn Laurence, a former bridge champion who now teaches the game to wealthy women, went to the airport to pick up Daniel but missed him because the flight landed early. Instead, he literally runs into Martha, who hits him with a luggage cart while searching for the exit. She coerces him into taking her into the city and invites him to the suite for dinner. While she is in the bathroom, a bouquet of flowers from Daniel is delivered to the suite, and when Laurence sees the attached card, he departs without explanation. The following day, Martha meets struggling actor Frank, who has fled an audition in a panic and has gone to the park to console himself with a half-bottle of whiskey. Having heard about her from Daniel, he realizes who she is and calls Laurence to boast that he is about to make her his conquest. He takes her to a nearby art gallery. Martha slips away and heads for the exit, where she reunites with Laurence, who was looking for the pair. He invites her back to his flat and she accepts. answer the following question: What is the first name of the person who sells her ticket to a fellow passenger?
A: Martha
Q: Given the following context: American pressmen had been alerted to an upcoming Buddhist demonstration to coincide with Double Seven Day at Chanatareansey Pagoda in the north of Saigon. The nine-man group, which included Arnett, Browne, AP photographer Horst Faas, David Halberstam, Neil Sheehan of United Press International, and CBS's Peter Kalischer and photographer Joseph Masraf waited outside the building with their equipment. After an hour-long religious ceremony, the Buddhist monks, numbering around 300, filed out of the pagoda into a narrow alley along a side street, where they were blocked and ordered to stop by plain-clothed policemen. The Buddhists did not resist, but Arnett and Browne began taking photos of the confrontation. The police, who were loyal to Ngo Dinh Nhu, thereupon punched Arnett in the nose, knocked him to the ground, kicked him with their pointed-toe shoes, and broke his camera. Halberstam, who won a Pulitzer Prize for his coverage of the Buddhist crisis, was a tall man, standing around 20 centimetres (8 in) taller than the average Vietnamese policeman. He waded into the fracas swinging his arms, reportedly saying "Get back, get back, you sons of bitches, or I'll beat the shit out of you!" Nhu's men ran away without waiting for a Vietnamese translation, but not before Browne had clambered up a power pole and taken photos of Arnett's bloodied face. The police smashed Browne's camera, but his photographic film survived the impact. The other journalists were jostled and rocks were thrown at them. Photos of Arnett's bloodied face were circulated in US newspapers and caused further ill-feeling towards Diem's regime, with the images of the burning Thich Quang Duc on the front pages still fresh in the minds of the public. Halberstam's report estimated that the altercation lasted for around ten minutes and also admitted that the pressmen had tried to apprehend the policeman who had smashed Browne's camera but were shielded by the rock-wielding policeman's colleagues. He also claimed that the secret policemen had also... answer the following question: What was the name of the person who took photos of Arnett's bloodied face?
A: | Browne |
[Ans] no
[Question] Given the sentence "An antique car that is yellow is shown lined up with other cars." can we conclude that "Cars were made last year."?
Options:
- yes
- it is not possible to tell
- no
[CoT] An antique car is older than a car from last year.
[Ans] yes
[Question] Given the sentence "Man rides a bike past an old baseball field." is it true that "The man is riding past a field."?
[CoT] Riding past is the a rephrasing of rides a bike past.
[Ans] no
[Question] | Test for natural language inference.
Premise: "One man without a shirt and a man with a hat steering are in a small boat."
Hypothesis: "The man is punching the other man."
Is the hypothesis entailed by the premise?
Options:
- yes
- no
- it is not possible to tell
[CoT] The man punching other can not be in a small boat. |
In this task, you are given a question. You have to answer the question based on your information.
In what year did the singer of The Fact Is have her debut?
2000
MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and Providence Hospital, are both what kind of medical organization?
Hospital
Jack Reynolds won his first super bowl with the niners in which season ?
| the 1981 season
|
Teacher:In this task, you are given a sentence in English language and its corresponding French translation. Here, your job is to output "yes" if the translation is correct, otherwise output "no".
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: English: What would be appropriate indicator species for nanomaterials?
French: Pourquoi les coûts de la HD sont-ils moins élevés?
Student: | no |
What contains an ornately carved fireplace? Answer the above question based on the context below: In comparison to other rooms within the castle, Lord Bute's Bedroom, sited above the Winch Room, is relatively small and simple. The original plan had Bute's personal accommodation in the Keep but the expansion of the Drawing Room to a double-height room in 1879 required a late change of plan. The bedroom contains an ornately carved fireplace. Doors lead off the room to an internal balcony overlooking the courtyard and to the bretache over the gate arch. The furniture is mainly by Chapple and post-dates Burges, although the washstand and dressing table are pared-down versions of two pieces – the Narcissus Washstand and the Crocker Dressing Table – that Burges made for his own home in London, The Tower House.This bedroom is also less richly ornamented than many in the castle, making extensive use of plain, stencilled geometrical patterns on the walls. Crook suggested this provided some "spartan" relief before the culmination of the castle in Lady Bute's Bedroom but Floud considered the result "thin" and drab in comparison with the more richly decorated chambers. The bedroom would have been impractical for regular use, lacking wardrobes and other storage.
The answer to this question is: | Lord Bute's Bedroom |
In this task, you will be presented with a passage, and you need to write an **implausible** answer to to fill in the place of "_". Your answer should be incorrect, but should not be out of context. Try using words that are related to the context of the passage, but are not the correct answer. Even though there exist multiple wrong answers, we only need a single wrong answer.
So this is it, the end of the tale, the final full stop. To a beautiful patch of sand by the sacred Banjar river, with Mark’s family, and his elephant and a handful of his ashes. God, he would have loved this. His daughter, Ayesha, sister Annabel and assorted adoring nieces and nephews. Plus Aditya Patankar, his great old mucker. And Tara, of course, the 60-year-old pachyderm and second great love of his life after Ayesha. At this very moment, in the violet-tinged gloaming, Tara is attempting to eat the wreath of flowers hanging from her mighty neck. Mark’s ashes came with Annabel, via plane and car. The old-fashioned way, you might say, nearly 5,000 miles from rain-lashed England to soft-dusked Madhya Pradesh.Mark Shand died in 2014 after hitting his head on a New York pavementDeath was moments after he raised more than $1m for Elephant FamilyHalf his ashes scattered over The Laines, Sussex and half will be in IndiaMoney raised on Travels To My Elephant will go towards saving the ellies
Question:Then suddenly, as Ayesha throws the ashes into the air, _ becomes utterly still, as if she knows what’s going on.
Banjar
(CNN) Fifteen years ago today, on September 11, 2001, members of the Air National Guard leapt into action -- scrambling F-16s, putting their lives at risk, and serving as the vanguard between our country and its enemies. This should come as no surprise. The first American militia, founded in 1636, consistently lives up to the motto "Always Ready, Always There." And while most Americans are aware of the National Guard's valiant contributions on domestic missions -- its effective and rapid response to hurricanes, wildfires and floods -- perhaps the most significant contribution the Guard makes is on the battlefield. Indeed, the National Guard provides a critical link between local communities and American national security.Wendy Anderson: National Guard is more than simply a critical component of our nation's fighting forceIt is also the connective tissue bridging the civil-military divide, she says
Question:At 42.6% of the total selected reserve, the Army National Guard represents both the largest segment of the nation's "citizen soldiers," but also a diverse cross section of the _ who serve, and whose families serve alongside them.
Air National Guard
A decorated Green Beret claimed he could have safely rescued American and Canadian hostages in Pakistan but a 'dysfunctional' bureaucracy and competing agencies hampered efforts. Speaking in front of the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee on Thursday, Army Special Forces Lt Col Jason Amerine said he was under scrutiny from the FBI for his criticism of US hostage rescue protocols. 'Warren Weinstein is dead,' Amerine said, referring to the USAID worker held hostage in Pakistan, whom President Obama announced in April had been accidentally killed in a drone strike. 'Colin Rutherford, Joshua Boyle, Caitlin Coleman and the child she bore in captivity are still hostages in Pakistan. I failed them.'Lt Col Jason Amerine told a Senate committee Thursday he had crafted a trade for several hostages that was overruled by the State DepartmentAmerine's deal would have secured the release of several Americans and Canadians held in PakistanAn eventual deal for Sgt Bowe Bergdahl was reached in 2014 that saw the release of five Taliban prisoners that had been held in the USAnother hostage, Warren Weinstein, was accidentally killed in a US drone strike in January
Question:Coleman is an American held hostage along with Boyle, her _ husband, while Rutherford is a Canadian tourist who was taken by the Taliban in 2010, the CBC reported.
| Green Beret
|
TASK DEFINITION: In this task, we ask you to write an answer to a question about the events that may happen before or after a certain event. For example, "earning money" usually appears before "spending money". Note that a lot of the questions could have more than one correct answer. We only need a single most-likely answer. Please try to keep your "answer" as simple as possible. Concise and simple "answer" is preferred over those complex and verbose ones.
PROBLEM: Sentence: Zarco and Teixeira were appointed co-governors of Madeira, while Perestrelo was awarded Porto Santo.
Question: What happened after Perestrelo was awarded Porto Santo?
SOLUTION: perestrelo started working.
PROBLEM: Sentence: Pushkin published his first poem at the age of fifteen, and was widely recognized by the literary establishment by the time of his graduation from the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum.
Question: What did Pushkin do after his graduation?
SOLUTION: he published books of his poetry.
PROBLEM: Sentence: No, of course not… I– "Then why," Arthur barreled on, "do you disregard them all and return to this superstitious babble, this morbid, paganistic drivel?.
Question: How did Arthur become angry in the first place?
SOLUTION: | he disagreed with him.
|
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you are given a question and a context passage. You have to answer the question based on the given passage.
What is the second defining English root word to define federalism or confederalism, Context: The terms 'federalism' and 'confederalism' both have a root in the Latin word foedus, meaning treaty, pact or covenant. Their common meaning until the late eighteenth century was a simple league or inter-governmental relationship among sovereign states based upon a treaty. They were therefore initially synonyms. It was in this sense that James Madison in Federalist 39 had referred to the new United States as 'neither a national nor a federal Constitution, but a composition of both' (ie. neither a single large unitary state nor a league/confederation among several small states, but a hybrid of the two). In the course of the nineteenth century the meaning of federalism would come to shift, strengthening to refer uniquely to the novel compound political form, while the meaning of confederalism would remain at a league of states. Thus, this article relates to the modern usage of the word 'federalism'.
Output: | pact |
Please answer this: Determine the topic of the passage. "The term was popularized (though not first used) by U.S. President Richard Nixon in a November 3, 1969, speech in which he said, "And so tonight—to you, the great silent majority of my fellow Americans—I ask for your support."" Topic:
++++++++
Answer: Silent majority
Please answer this: Determine the topic of the passage. "Sound mass techniques also appear in the music of George Crumb (Anon. n.d.)." Topic:
++++++++
Answer: Sound mass
Please answer this: Determine the topic of the passage. "Once appointed, justices have life tenure unless they resign, retire, or are removed after impeachment ." Topic:
++++++++
Answer: | Supreme Court of the United States |
In this task, you're given an article and an answer. Your task is to generate the fill-in-the-blank question for this answer based on the given article. The blanks are always at the end of the question, and can be filled with more than one word or phrase.
Q: Article: There are two major parties in Britain today,the Conservative and the Labour,which have been in power by turns since 1945.The twoparty system of Britain was formed in the course of the development of the capitalist state and the political parties. To strengthen the state machine,the British bourgeosie have let it come into being and exist in one form or another since the 17th century. P.S.Tregidgo once said,"The more parties there are,the less likely it is that any one of them will be strong enough in Parliament to control all the others; but when there are only two,one of them is sure to have a majority of seats. This helps to ensure a strong and stable government." This explains why the British have the twoparty system. The division into two parties grew out the establishment of a Protestant Church of England in the 16th century. Because of a purely religious difference of opinion,the Puritans were separated from the broad body of the Anglican Church. The non Puritan Anglicans were on the side of the King and Church,whose supporters were called by their opponents "Tories".The Puritans were for Parliament and trade,whose supporters are called by the "Tories" "Whigs".The Tories and the Whigs were in power by turns for a long time. In 1833,the Tory Party split into two and its name was changed to Conservative. In the 1860s the Whigs became Liberals. Since then,the Liberals and the Conservatives were in office by turns until 1922.They have some different opinions,but were both controlled by the rich. The working class became more and more unwilling to follow the Conservatives and the Liberals. They wanted to have their own party. So the Labour Party was formed by the trade unions. After 1922,the Labour Party gradually replaced the Liberal Party.
Answer: if there are only two parties in Britain,it will be easy for the government to control
them
A: | We can learn from what P.S Tregidgo once said that _ . |
Give me a possible correct answer to the question "what has anna kendrick been in?"
| Drinking Buddies |
Detailed Instructions: This task is about translating a given English language sentence to Yoruba language.
Problem:a *simplified improper* fraction, like $7/4$
Solution: | ìdá òǹkà *tó jẹ́ tàbí tó ju ọ̀kan lọ, tí a ti mú rọrùn*, bíi $7/4$ |
Input: Can we say "Father gave Timmy a sympathetic look." if "When Tommy dropped his ice cream, Timmy giggled, so father gave him a sympathetic look."?
Output: no
Input: Can we say "Joan made sure to thank Susan for all the help Susan had recieved." if "Joan made sure to thank Susan for all the help she had recieved."?
Output: no
Input: Can we say "No time today to look at old pictures in Alice's favorite photo album." if "Alice was dusting the living room and trying to find the button that Mama had hidden. No time today to look at old pictures in her favorite photo album. Today she had to hunt for a button, so she put the album on a chair without even opening it."?
Output: | yes |
In this task, you are given a part of an article. Your task is to generate headline (title) for this text. Preferred headlines are under fifteen words.
Q: Experimenting with a new dataset of 1.6M user comments from a Greek news portal and existing datasets of English Wikipedia comments, we show that an RNN outperforms the previous state of the art in moderation. A deep, classification-specific attention mechanism improves further the overall performance of the RNN. We also compare against a CNN and a word-list baseline, considering both fully automatic and semi-automatic moderation.
A: | Deep Learning for User Comment Moderation |
What did bella abzug do?
Ans: Lawyer
What was eli whitney education?
Ans: Yale University
What happened vince mcmahon?
Ans: Screenwriter
When did sanchez leave usc?
| Ans: 2009 NFL season |
In this task, you are given a question in Persian, and your task is to translate it into English.
شرایط پزشکی و بیماری ها: طحال چه نقشی دارد؟
Medical Conditions and Diseases: What role does the spleen play?
من کارت PAN را گم کرده ام و شماره PAN خود را نیز فراموش کردم. روش استفاده مجدد از کارت PAN چیست؟
I have lost my PAN card and I also forgot my PAN number. What is the procedure to reissue a PAN card?
فکر می کنید می توانم وارد MIT شوم (لطفا جزئیات را بخوانید)؟
| Do you think I can get into MIT(pls read the details)?
|
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you will be presented with a question that has multiple possible answers. You should choose the most suitable option out of "A", "B", "C", "D", and "E", based on your commonsense knowledge.
Q: Question: What is a negative effect to someone other than a spouse when two spouses are getting divorced?
Options: A lot of grief B depression C no spouse D children suffer E lose money
A: | D |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a sentence and question which can be answered using the sentence. Your task is to answer the question using the information from the sentence. The answer to the question is unique and it is a continuous text span from the sentence.
Q: Sentence: In the context of a Stryker Brigade Combat Team 's Infantry Rifle Companies , one man from each fireteam in a rifle squad is either the Squad Anti-armor Specialist , armed with the FGM-148 Javelin , or the Squad Designated Marksman , who carries the M4 carbine and M14 rifle .
Question: what is someone armed with?
A: | the FGM-148 Javelin |
In this task, you're given the title of a five-sentence story, the first four sentences, and two options for the fifth sentence as a and b. Your job is to pick the sentence option that does not connect with the rest of the story, indicating your choice as 'a' or 'b'. If both sentences are plausible, pick the one that makes less sense.
Let me give you an example: Title: Marcus Buys Khakis. Sentence 1: Marcus needed clothing for a business casual event. Sentence 2: All of his clothes were either too formal or too casual. Sentence 3: He decided to buy a pair of khakis. Sentence 4: The pair he bought fit him perfectly. Choices: a. Marcus was happy to have the right clothes for the event. b. He left in a huff for having his ideas mocked.
The answer to this example can be: b
Here is why: Marcus is buying clothes for a business event and not presenting an idea.
OK. solve this:
Title: How to build a strawman.. Sentence 1: A man was at city hall to support a new police station. Sentence 2: Zarna, who hates cops, started recording as she asked the man's name. Sentence 3: The man joked that it was Hugh Mungus, with no other implication. Sentence 4: Zarna immediately began shouting that this was sexual harassment. Choices: a. It wasn't, and she was rightfully asked to leave for the disturbance. b. She was exhausted afterwards but still enjoyed it.
Answer: | b |
A text is given in English. Translate it from the English language to the Hindi language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
I have a relationship of love and affinity with all of you.
मेरा आप सबसे आत्मीयता का रिश्ता है, अपनेपन का रिश्ता है।
Brothers and sisters, There is a saying in Malwa - ', -, -' This is an old saying.
भाइयों और बहनों, यहां मालवा में एक कहावत है- मालव धरती गगन गंभीर, डग-डग रोटी, पग-पग नीर ।
These decisions will be helpful in further strengthening of our strongest representative of India Post Payments Bank.
| यह फैसले इंडिया पोस्ट पेमेन्ट्स बैंक के हमारे सबसे मजबूत प्रतिनिधि को और मजबूत करने में सहायक सिद्ध होगी।
|
Please answer this: I have a new situation: John was studying plant varieties in different regions. He fist visited the Pacific Northwest. He found that the wind was constantly very strong there. He marked it as case A. Then he studied the plants in the Midwest. He found that on average the wind speed was very light there. He marked it as case B. But I can use this background: Wind dispersal of seeds, or anemochory, is one of the more primitive means of dispersal. Wind dispersal can take on one of two primary forms: seeds can float on the breeze or alternatively, they can flutter to the ground. The classic examples of these dispersal mechanisms include dandelions (Taraxacum spp., Asteraceae), which have a feathery pappus attached to their seeds and can be dispersed long distances, and maples (Acer (genus) spp., Sapindaceae), which have winged seeds and flutter to the ground. An important constraint on wind dispersal is the need for abundant seed production to maximize the likelihood of a seed landing in a site suitable for germination. There are also strong evolutionary constraints on this dispersal mechanism. For instance, species in the Asteraceae on islands tended to have reduced dispersal capabilities (i.e., larger seed mass and smaller pappus) relative to the same species on the mainland. Reliance upon wind dispersal is common among many weedy or ruderal species. Unusual mechanisms of wind dispersal include tumbleweeds. A related process to anemochory is anemophily, which is the process where pollen is distributed by wind. Large families of plants are pollinated in this manner, which is favored when individuals of the dominant plant species are spaced closely together.Wind also limits tree growth. On coasts and isolated mountains, the tree line is often much lower than in corresponding altitudes inland and in larger, more complex mountain systems, because strong winds reduce tree growth. High winds scour away thin soils through erosion, as well as damage limbs and twigs. When high winds knock down or uproot trees, the process is known as windthrow. This is most likely on windward slopes of mountains, with severe cases generally occurring to tree stands that are 75 years or older. Plant varieties near the coast, such as the Sitka spruce and sea grape, are pruned back by wind and salt spray near the coastline.Wind can also cause plants damage through sand abrasion. Strong winds... What is an answer for this question: In which case seedlings would spend less energy to repair the damaged stems, case A or case B?
++++++++
Answer: case B
Please answer this: I have a new situation: Mary had two children. Her firs born was named Bill and was normal, and her second child was named Sam and had Down syndrome. But I can use this background: One of the most common chromosome abnormalities is Down syndrome , due to nondisjunction of chromosome 21 resulting in an extra complete chromosome 21, or part of chromosome 21 ( Figure below ). Down syndrome is the only autosomal trisomy where an affected individual may survive to adulthood. Individuals with Down syndrome often have some degree of mental retardation, some impairment of physical growth, and a specific facial appearance. With proper assistance, individuals with Down syndrome can become successful, contributing members of society. The incidence of Down syndrome increases with maternal age. The risk of having a child with Down syndrome is significantly higher among women age 35 and older. What is an answer for this question: Which child had a degree of mental retardation?
++++++++
Answer: Sam
Please answer this: I have a new situation: The city of Reslie is known for its grilled cheese sandwiches. People come from all over the world to taste their sandwiches. The mayor of Reslie, while having a meeting about how to spend the excess funds from tourism this year, was told that the city is experiencing soil piping. The neighboring city, Tichago, consumes many of Reslie's grilled cheese sandwiches. The mayor of Tichago has just received a phone call from the mayor of Reslie asking if Tichago is also having soil piping. Tichago's mayor replies that no, they are not. But I can use this background: Soil piping is a particular form of soil erosion that occurs below the soil surface. It causes levee and dam failure, as well as sink hole formation. Turbulent flow removes soil starting at the mouth of the seep flow and the subsoil erosion advances up-gradient. The term sand boil is used to describe the appearance of the discharging end of an active soil pipe.Soil salination is the accumulation of free salts to such an extent that it leads to degradation of the agricultural value of soils and vegetation. Consequences include corrosion damage, reduced plant growth, erosion due to loss of plant cover and soil structure, and water quality problems due to sedimentation. Salination occurs due to a combination of natural and human-caused processes. Arid conditions favour salt accumulation. This is especially apparent when soil parent material is saline. Irrigation of arid lands is especially problematic. All irrigation water has some level of salinity. Irrigation, especially when it involves leakage from canals and overirrigation in the field, often raises the underlying water table. Rapid salination occurs when the land surface is within the capillary fringe of saline groundwater. Soil salinity control involves watertable control and flushing with higher levels of applied water in combination with tile drainage or another form of subsurface drainage. What is an answer for this question: Citizens of which city should be less concerned about sink holes?
++++++++
Answer: | Tichago |
In this task, You are given a review of Amazon's food products. Your task is to divide them into two classes: negative or positive, depending on the content of the review.
Good fiction can be character centered, plot centered, or even, as in many historical fiction, setting centered. Rarely does it fulfil all those categories at once. When it does,,it's fully realized. This charming romance is fully realized. Set in Louisiana during and after a hurricane, it has believable (in its own world) characters and plot, and a gentle reminder of a world we all wish we could live in. Recommended for readers of sweet romance. | positive |
In this task, you will be presented with a passage and have to answer a question based on your understanding of the events inferred from the passage. Among the entities, try to find the best entity that is most likely to fill in "_" and classify the answers based on options.
--------
Question: Google allows their users to control the types of advertisements they see across the web, based on gender, interests and age. But an alarming study has discovered that these settings can skew what people see to the point where discrimination against certain groups arises. During one experiment, researchers spotted that men were shown significantly more adverts for higher-paid, executive job sites than women. To test Google’s Ads Setting service, researchers led by Amit Datta from Carnegie Mellon University built a tool called AdFisher. It is an automated tool that explores how user behaviours, Google’s ads, and Ad Settings interact.Researchers edited gender and interests using Google’s Ads Setting toolThis tool controlled which adverts they were shown on selected sitesStudy found that females were shown fewer high-paid job adverts than menIn fact, the difference was substantial - 1,852 ads compared to just 318
Questions:_ showed adverts for a career coaching service for ‘$200k+’ executive positions 1,852 times to the male group but just 318 times to the female group. (A) Google (B) Amit Datta (C) Carnegie Mellon University (D) AdFisher (E) Ad Settings
Answer: (A)
Question: (CNN) Squeals of delight echo around the room at Vanderbilt's Children's Hospital in Nashville, Tennessee. Nine-year-old cancer survivor Bryce Greenwell turns to his mother, Jenny. "Did you know about this?" he asks, hands cupped to his face in surprise. "Yes," she says with a nod, smiling from ear to ear. "Oh, my gosh, he has missed you guys so much!" pet therapist Michelle Thompson says as she hands Swoosh, her trained toy Pomeranian, over to two eager boys. "Did you miss him? He talks to me about you boys all the time." "I haven't seen him in a long time," says 7-year-old Mitchell Montalbano, who recently graduated from chemotherapy treatment, cancer-free. "Swoosh, what have you been up to?"Two boys who were treated for cancer treasured their time with therapy dog SwooshA new study looked at the impact of therapy dogs on children and their parents
Questions:"It was after those first few visits with _ that he would say, 'OK, you know, I'm not going to die. (A) Vanderbilt (B) Children's Hospital (C) Nashville (D) Tennessee (E) Bryce Greenwell (F) Jenny (G) Michelle Thompson (H) Swoosh (I) Pomeranian (J) Mitchell Montalbano
Answer: (H)
Question: This is the emotional moment a South Carolina Republican Rep fought back tears to deliver an impassioned speech imploring her colleagues to vote to take down the Confederate flag by Friday. Jenny Horne wept as she scolded members of her own party for trying to stall the debate over removing the flag from the Capitol grounds and reminded her colleagues she was a descendant of Confederate President Jefferson Davis. 'I cannot believe that we do not have the heart in this body to do something meaningful such as take a symbol of hate off these grounds on Friday,' Horne screamed into a microphone.Republican Rep Jenny Horne broke down in tears as she delivered speechDelaying removal of flag would add 'insult to injury' for victims, she saidImpassioned speech came after group of Republicans mounted oppositionHouse eventually approved its removal in a stunning reversal early todayHorne reminded the floor she is a direct descendant of Confederate President Jefferson Davis
Questions:She said later during a break she didn't intend to speak but got frustrated with fellow _. (A) South Carolina (B) Republican Rep (C) Confederate (D) Jenny Horne (E) Capitol (F) Jefferson Davis (G) Horne (H) Republican (I) House
Answer: | (H)
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Teacher:Given a sentence, fill out the missing word with a 'no' or a number (between zero and ten). You should write the numbers with english alphabet, like: four instead of 4.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Mirror reflection is glide reflection with ____ glide, as translation is a special case of rotation.
Student: | zero |
In this task, you're given the title of a story consisting of five sentences, numbered 1 through 5. Your job is to arrange the sentences in order to make a story that makes complete sense and is apt for the title. Indicate your answer using the number of the sentences in order, such as '34152'.
--------
Question: Title: Anger management. Sentence 1: He would always explode at the smallest things. Sentence 2: Brett was eventually forced into anger management by his family. Sentence 3: The man was walking past and exhaled his cigarette at the wrong time. Sentence 4: Brett was a very angry guy. Sentence 5: He once attacked a man for blowing smoke in his face.
Answer: 41532
Question: Title: Street Fight. Sentence 1: He was severely beat up and hurt. Sentence 2: He got into one with random strangers on the street. Sentence 3: Carl jumped right in. Sentence 4: He stopped getting into as many fights after that. Sentence 5: Carl was easily goaded into fights.
Answer: 52314
Question: Title: Wreck. Sentence 1: Zach only had a scrape. Sentence 2: Zach drove his car into the median. Sentence 3: A man in a truck went into the median. Sentence 4: He ran into Zach's car. Sentence 5: He did not even stop.
Answer: | 23451
|
You are given a sentence in English. Your job is to translate the English sentence into Japanese.
Faiza chose a different route: non-vaginal sex.
ファイザは別の道を選びました挿入を伴わないセックスです
It's in his book "" The Four Loves. "" He said that he distinguished between erotic love, when two people gaze, spellbound, into each other's eyes.
それは彼の著書「四つの愛」の一節です彼は ２人の人間が互いの目を見つめ合い魅かれ合っているときを "" 官能的な愛 ""
Could we dial-in information precisely where we want it to go?
| 信号を思い通りに制御できるのか ？
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You are given a sentence in English. Your job is to translate the English sentence into Portugese.
Two hundred years ago, the United States was less than a few percent urbanized.
Há 200 anos, os Estados Unidos estavam urbanizados apenas numa pequena percentagem.
They have to sleep under them every night.
Têm de dormir debaixo delas todas as noites.
(Traffic sounds, car horns, voices) Room tone is the addition of all the noises inside the room: the ventilation, the heating, the fridge.
| (Trânsito, buzinas, vozes) O som ambiente é a adição de todos os sons dentro da divisão: ventilação, aquecimento, o frigorífico.
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Is the premise "The dog walks on the high plank." true if "a cat sits snoozily"?
--yes.
--it is not possible to tell.
--no. | no |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
You are given a sentence and a question in the input. The information provided in the sentence should be enough to answer the question. You're expected to write the correct answer. Do not use any facts other than those provided in the sentence.
Sentence: She threw the covers on the floor and rolled out of bed, yawning hugely.
Question: What is the very first thing Elena does after waking up?
Output: | Elena threw her covers on the floor and rolled our of bed while yawning. |
I can use this background: Electronic ear protectors work differently. They identify high-amplitude sound waves and send sound waves through them in the opposite direction. This causes destructive interference with the waves, which reduces their amplitude to zero or nearly zero. This changes even the loudest sounds to just a soft hiss. Sounds that people need to hear, such as the voices of co-workers, are not interfered with in this way and may be amplified instead so they can be heard more clearly. This type of hearing protector is recommended for higher noise levels and situations where it’s important to be able to hear lower-decibel sounds. Now, I have a new situation: Carson is a construction worker that operates a jack hammer on the construction site for a new building. The jack hammer is often incredibly loud and generates a high amount of noise. Carson wants to protect himself from this noise, but he also needs to be able to hear the orders given to him by his boss on the site. Answer this question please: Would electronic ear protectors be appropriate for Carson, yes or no?
| yes |
Information: - Not to be confused with the `` Flower Duet '' ( Il cannone del porto ! ) from Giacomo Puccini 's opera Madama Butterfly The `` Flower Duet '' ( French : Duo des fleurs / Sous le dôme épais ) is a famous duet for sopranos from Léo Delibes ' opera Lakmé , first performed in Paris in 1883 . The duet takes place in act 1 of the three - act opera , between characters Lakmé , the daughter of a Brahmin priest , and her servant Mallika , as they go to gather flowers by a river . The duet is frequently used in advertisements and films and is popular as a concert piece . It was adapted for the theme `` Aria on air '' for the British Airways `` face '' advertisements of the 1980s by music composers Yanni and Malcolm McLaren . David Usher used a sample of the record in his 2001 song `` Black Black Heart . '' - Lakmé is an opera in three acts by Léo Delibes to a French libretto by Edmond Gondinet and Philippe Gille. - Le roi l'a dit ("The King Has Spoken") is an opéra comique in three acts by Léo Delibes to a French libretto by Edmond Gondinet. It is a lively comedy, remarkably requiring 14 singers six men and eight women. The libretto had first been offered in 1871 to Offenbach; the title also went through various permutations ("Le Talon rouge", "Si le Roi le savait", "Le Roi le sait") before settling on its final name. The 1885 revival brought further modifications to the libretto. - Edmond Gondinet (7 March 1828 19 November 1888) was a French playwright and librettist. This author, nearly forgotten today, produced forty plays of which several were successful. He collaborated with Alphonse Daudet and Eugène Labiche, among others. - Clément Philibert Léo Delibes (21 February 1836 16 January 1891) was a French composer of the Romantic era (18151910), who specialised in ballets, operas, and other works for the stage. His most notable works include the ballets "Coppélia" (1870) and "Sylvia" (1876), as well as the operas "Le roi l'a dit" (1873) and "Lakmé" (1883). What object entity has the relation of 'librettist' with the subject 'flower duet'? Choices: - alphonse daudet - edmond gondinet
A: | edmond gondinet |
In this task, you will be shown a conversation and a question. You need to answer the question and choose the correct option based on the conversation. "W" and "M" in the conversations stand for "woman" and "man".
Q: W: We all know that poetry is not everyone's cup of tea. But according to Dr James Stewart. M: Hello! W: Hello! If you are suffering from anxiety or depression, poetry may be the solution to your problems. Dr Stewart, how does poetry help? M: Em, OK! Look, let me give you an example. A patient came into our clinic last month. He was a middle-aged businessmen, and he was feeling, well, like most middle-aged businessmen, really stressed and with his life out of control. He talked to me about it, and, well, I was convinced that medication just wouldn't help him. Then I read him a poem called Leisure by WHDavis. Do you know the one? It begins, er... W: I do, yes. M: What is this life, er, so full of. It is so or if... W: I think it's if. M: If full of care, that's it, yes. We have no time to stand and stare. Well, you know the one. The next time he came to see me, he told me that, well, it was a sort of turning point for him. The poem made him think about the quality of his life and the need to find a balance between his work and his social life. Er, you see, because the idea was expressed poetically, he felt that he could identify with it, and actually feel the message in a way that he wouldn't if he simply discussed it with me. And we just had the usual kind of conversation about it. W: Yes, I see. M: You see, reading poetry to patients seems to make them calmer. Encouraging them to write it has an even more dramatic effect, actually. Era, there.., there are something about the process of expressing confused thoughts and feelings and emotions in writing that actually helps people or suffering from stress and anxiety. This happens especially if the words are written in a poetical way with a sense of rhythm rather than in prose, you see. Er, now, for a long time, we've been asking patients to write diaries to put their feelings into words. But it turns out that writing poetry seems to work much better for many patients. W: Right, and have you found that other doctors and therapists have made the same discoveries? M: Yes, many of my colleagues have successfully used poetry with patients suffering from anxiety or depression or even eating disorders. I mean their patients said that, that reading poetry made them feel less stressed. You know, almost as many said that writing it has the same effect. You see, some said that writing poetry reduced the pain they felt when a friend or a close relation had died extraordinarily! W: Yes, it certainly is! M: Era. Others thought that it enabled them to reduce or stop taking antidepressants or tranquillizers. And writing poetry helps them to provide a sort of outlet for their emotions. W: Em, that's fascinating! Can you give any explanation as to why poetry might be calming in this way? M: Well, it's only a guess. But I say that the calming effect of poetry is related to an interplay between the left and right hemispheres of the brain, the.., you probably know the left half is the one which analyzes and responds to language while the right one visualizes images and responds to rhythm. Now, I believe that poetry may activate the system at the base of the brain where thoughts meet emotions, you see. W: Do you think that people need a doctor to prescribe particular poems for particular conditions? M: No, no, no. I think poetry can help everyone to feel calm and less stressed. People who read poetry tend not to be anxious and stressed, probably because they are in touch with their emotions. I mean they certainly don't need a doctor to tell them which poems to read. W: Thank you very much, Dr Stewart. M: You are welcome., Question: Which seems to be most effective for many patients, according to Dr Stewart? (A) Listening to poetry. (B) Reading poetry (C) Writing poetry.
A: | (C) Writing poetry. |
In this task, you are given a sentence in either Spanish or English. Your task is to determine the language of the input sentence. Input sentences can only be in Spanish or English, and they cannot be in two languages at the same time.
Si lee la edición inglesa, podrá ver cuál debe ser el tenor del punto. | Spanish |
In this task, given a sentence in the English language, your task is to convert it into the Filipino language.
The GAO also found that the FDA's high-level management more involved in reviewing this decision than in other change-to-OTC applications.
Natagpuan din ng GAO na ang mataas na antas ng pangangasiwa ng FDA ay masyadong kinabilangan ng pagrepaso sa desisiyong ito kaysa sa ibang pagbabago sa aplikasyon ng OTC.
A mob in Samara, a town in the Sunni-dominated region of Iraq, tore off pieces of a bombed-out Shiite shrine, called the Golden Dome, which was attacked by extremists 10 months ago.
Isang grupo ng mga nagkakagulong tao sa Samara, isang bayan na karamihan ay Sunni ang naninirahan na rehiyon ng Iraq, ang gumiba sa nabombahang dambana ng Shiite, na tinawag na Golden Dome, na inatake ng mga ekstremist 10 buwan na ang nakakaraan.
Writing for the majority, Justice Anthony Kennedy said the Constitution did not allow the death penalty where the crime did not result, and was not intended to result, in a person's death.
| Pagsulat ng kurukuro ng karamihan, sinabi ni Justice Anthony Kennedy na ang Salingang-batas ay hindi nagbibigay pahintulot sa parusang kamatayan kung saan hindi idinulit ng krimen, at walang balak na idulot, ang kamatayan ng tao.
|
Read the below conversation. W: Heat is included unless there's another increase in oil prices. Then the landlord will pass the increase along to you. Now please sign here and here. We'll sign on copy and give it to you. What would the listener say?
| M: Perhaps you could give up a few minutes to read the lease, Miss. |
In this task, you are given a context and four options. Each option is a suggested ending for the context. You should read the context and pick the best ending for the context. Please answer with "A", "B", "C", and "D".
[header] How to clean oil paint brushes [title] Remove excess paint. [step] Use your cleaning rags or similar material. Wrap it around the metal where the bristles connect with the brush (known as a " ferrule "). <sep> (A) The brushing action will suck most of the paint out. Let the paint sit undisturbed in a room for a while. (B) Squeeze with moderate pressure so the paint is pushed out of bristles at end of stroke/bristles, and try roughly to mimic the shape of the brush at the end of wiping the excess paint off. Point the tip of the brush over your dropcloth (or whatever you're using to protect your surfaces) to catch the paint as you remove it. (C) Secure the inside with another rag, then wipe away any excess paint using clean rags or cotton gauze. [substeps] Consider taping the bristles together and covering them with a fine film (cotton gauze or paper towel work great). (D) Alternatively, if you don't own a cleaning rag, lay out blotting paper and the bristles of a paper towel in this manner. [substeps] Quickly change paper towels periodically if the oil paint object becomes saturated in paint. | B |
You are given a passage. You need to construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) its answer is the whole paragraph. Avoid creating questions that can be answered correctly without actually understanding the paragraph.
You didn't say what the penalty was for (late filing, late payment, interest, trust fund penalties, etc.). Nor did you state who is handling your dispute (IRS Appeals, Collection Due Process, Tax Court). There's slightly different rules depending on what's going on.\n\nThe basic process for handling penalties and disputes is outlined on the IRS website.\n\nIn general, the IRS will investigate whether you are responsible for the penalty, and will send up a notice informing you that the penalty was waived or that you really do owe the penalty. Interest will accrue if you really do owe the penalty, but you haven't paid it yet.\n\nGenerally, I advise my clients to pay all penalties in full, and then dispute the penalties. This shows a good faith effort, and stops additional penalties and interest from being added to the account. If we lose the dispute, at least the client paid only the penalty and not additional interest. If we win, the client gets his money back.\n\nI hope this helps. Let us know how your dispute with the IRS turns out.\n\nBest wishes.\n\nWilliam | The IRS said i had to pay a penalty. i filed a dispute. am i legally obligated to pay unless they follow up? |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
You are given a passage. You need to construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) its answer is the whole paragraph. Avoid creating questions that can be answered correctly without actually understanding the paragraph.
There are a variety of ways to connect to an Access database from within a C++ app.\n\nThe oldest and most widely compatible is ODBC. It's not as fully featured as some other technologies, but it's the standard minimum compliance of pretty much everything.\n\nIf you're running on Windows, I'd suggest using ADO or ADO.NET. They're virtually the same interface, ADO.NET has some features that ADO doesn't have, but I'm not sure it's completely compatible with C++.
Output: | how to link an Access database to a C++ application? |
Answer this question: who won season 2 of project runway?
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Answer: The winning designer, Chloe Dao , received $100,000 in seed money to help launch her own line, a 2007 Saturn Sky roadster, a spread in ELLE magazine, and a mentorship with the Banana Republic Design Team.
Answer this question: what is a bad beat in poker?
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Answer: In poker , bad beat is a subjective term for a hand in which a player with what appear to be strong cards nevertheless loses.
Answer this question: how much is jk rowling worth?
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Answer: | The 2008 Sunday Times Rich List estimated Rowling's fortune at £560 million ($798 million), ranking her as the twelfth richest woman in the United Kingdom. |
Why do I eat just enough when eating breakfast? Choose the most suitable option to answer the above question. Options: - gas - full stomach - feeling satisfied - have energy - bloated
| feeling satisfied |
Answer the following question: Use information from the paragraph to answer the question. Paragraph : It would be hard to get a big chunk of chocolate to dissolve in your milk or hot water. Maybe you could make hot chocolate from some smaller pieces like chocolate chips, but it is much easier to add a powder to your milk. This is because the smaller the pieces are, the more surface area they have. Question: Mary melts a 1 pound chocolate bar and 1 pound of chocolate chips in two pots. Which melts first bar or chips?
Answer: | chips |
This task is about translating a given Spanish language sentence to English.
(risas)
(Laughter)
John's Grill (el horno de John) se hizo famoso por ser un escenario en la novela de Daschle Hammett, El Halcón Maltés. Así, John's Grill trabaja desde 1908.
John's Grill became famous when it was a setting in the novel by Daschle Hammett which was the Maltese Falcon, so John's Grill has been in business since 1908.
Buenas tardes.
| Hello
|
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you are given a sentence in the Romanian language. Your job is to translate the Romanian sentence into the English language.
Acesta este un bărbat ce merge cu o bicicletă de munte peste stânci într-o zi senină.
Output: | This is a man riding a mountain bike over rocks on a clear day. |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you will be presented with a text, a pronoun from the text, and two candidate names. You should determine what the pronoun refers to and classify the answers into A, B, or Neither. A and B here are referring to option A and option B. Position of the pronoun in the text is showed within two "_"s.
Hardy Har Har, Atom Ant, Squiddly Diddly, Top Cat, Benny the Ball, and Yakky Doodle are voiced by John Stephenson, Don Messick, Daws Butler, and Walker Edmiston here. It was presumed that Mel Blanc, Paul Frees, Howard Morris, Arnold Stang and Jimmy Weldon weren't available to voice them for this TV movie, while Benny's voice actor Maurice Gosfield had died in 1964. In fact with _his_ Daws Butler voice, Top Cat sounded just like Hokey Wolf. <sep>, Pronoun: his <sep>, A: Benny <sep>, B: Maurice Gosfield
| Neither |
Q: Does "Among the best-known are U.S. Presidents William Howard Taft, Gerald Ford, George H. W. Bush, Bill Clinton and George W. Bush; royals Crown Princess Victoria Bernadotte, Prince Rostislav Romanov and Prince Akiiki Hosea Nyabongo; heads of state, including Italian prime minister Mario Monti, Turkish prime minister Tansu Çiller, Mexican president Ernesto Zedillo, German president Karl Carstens, and Philippines president José Paciano Laurel; U.S. Supreme Court Justices Sonia Sotomayor, Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas; U.S. Secretaries of State John Kerry, Hillary Clinton, Cyrus Vance, and Dean Acheson; authors Sinclair Lewis, Stephen Vincent Benét, and Tom Wolfe; lexicographer Noah Webster; inventors Samuel F. B. Morse and Eli Whitney; patriot and "first spy" Nathan Hale; theologian Jonathan Edwards; actors, directors and producers Paul Newman, Henry Winkler, Vincent Price, Meryl Streep, Sigourney Weaver, Jodie Foster, Angela Bassett, Patricia Clarkson, Courtney Vance, Frances McDormand, Elia Kazan, George Roy Hill, Edward Norton, Lupita Nyong'o, Allison Williams, Oliver Stone, Sam Waterston, and Michael Cimino; "Father of American football" Walter Camp, James Franco, "The perfect oarsman" Rusty Wailes; baseball players Ron Darling, Bill Hutchinson, and Craig Breslow; basketball player Chris Dudley; football players Gary Fencik, and Calvin Hill; hockey players Chris Higgins and Mike Richter; figure skater Sarah Hughes; swimmer Don Schollander; skier Ryan Max Riley; runner Frank Shorter; composers Charles Ives, Douglas Moore and Cole Porter; Peace Corps founder Sargent Shriver; child psychologist Benjamin Spock; architects Eero Saarinen and Norman Foster; sculptor Richard Serra; film critic Gene Siskel; television commentators Dick Cavett and Anderson Cooper; New York Times journalist David Gonzalez; pundits William F. Buckley, Jr., and Fareed Zakaria; economists Irving Fischer, Mahbub ul Haq, and Paul Krugman; cyclotron inventor and Nobel laureate in Physics, Ernest Lawrence; Human Genome Project director Francis S. Collins; mathematician and chemist Josiah Willard Gibbs; and businesspeople, including Time Magazine co-founder Henry Luce, Morgan Stanley founder Harold Stanley, Boeing CEO James McNerney, FedEx founder Frederick W. Smith, Time Warner president Jeffrey Bewkes, Electronic Arts co-founder Bing Gordon, and investor/philanthropist Sir John Templeton; pioneer in electrical applications Austin Cornelius Dunham." provide a valid answer to "What Italian Prime Minister attended Yale?"?
A: yes
Q: Does "A few years later, Philadelphia began to see a rapid drop in homicides and violent crime." provide a valid answer to "How many murders occurred in 1990?"?
A: no
Q: Does "Eight Vice-Presidents serve under the President, as well as a cabinet of twenty-two ministers, who must all be approved by the legislature." provide a valid answer to "How many Vice-Presidents serve under the President in Iran?"?
A: yes
Q: Does "A new feature introduced was the "Judges' Save", and Matt Giraud was saved from elimination at the top seven by the judges when he received the fewest votes." provide a valid answer to "How many finalists were on this season?"?
A: | no |
This is a paraphrasing task. In this task, you're given a sentence and your task is to generate another sentence which express same meaning as the input using different words.
traction really is n't the issue because landshark is not a vehicle , | there 's no traction here because landshark is n't a car . |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you are given a sentence in either Spanish or English. Your task is to determine the language of the input sentence. Input sentences can only be in Spanish or English, and they cannot be in two languages at the same time.
The proposition made in a book by the left-wing philosopher, JeanPaul Sartre, according to which the Jew is basically an artificial creation of the antisemite is clearly false, like the rest of this philosopher' s thinking. However, could the opposite proposition not be true, namely that certain Jewish circles need antisemitism in order to exist, to strengthen their identity and even to assert their moral, political and even financial authority?
Output: | English |
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