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On the way to the movies, we ran into some old friends while getting in line and they bought our tickets to the
movies .
During the movie, Robert asked Brian the name of the actor that appeared on the screen, because
Robert had difficulty remembering names.
Justin asked Leslie to clean the house because visitors were coming and
| Justin had to work that day. |
It’s October, which means it’s that time of the year again: flu vaccination time! Back when I worked in a primary care clinic, this is when we made a big push to offer the seasonal flu shot to all of our patients. (And we got ourselves immunized, as well.) Not all of our patients agreed. Many older adults are skeptical of the need to get a yearly vaccination against influenza. They aren’t sure it will help. Or they think that the vaccination will actually give them a mild case of the flu. Or they just don’t like needles. Or maybe they aren’t sure which type of seasonal flu shot to get: the regular one or one of the newer “stronger” versions, designed for older adults? I’m never surprised when people bring up these questions. Vaccination for seasonal influenza can indeed be a confusing topic. But it’s certainly important to consider. Depending on the year, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) estimates that every year, influenza affects 9-60 million Americans, causes 140,000-710,100 hospitalizations, and results in 12,000-56,000 deaths. (Influenza is more severe in some years than others.) Most people get better without needing hospitalization, but some people get very sick. Older adults are especially likely to get dangerously ill from catching the flu. So I agree with the CDC’s recommendation: everyone over the age of 6 months should get their seasonal flu shot. In fact, I’m about to go get mine. As a healthy woman in her 40s, I’m not that concerned about getting dangerously ill from influenza. Instead, I get my annual flu shot because I want to minimize my chance of getting sick and perhaps exposing my older patients to influenza. This month, you’ll probably be encouraged to get vaccinated too. So in this article, I’ll address some key things to know about influenza and the flu shot, along with some common questions and concerns. Here’s what I’ll cover: * The basics of influenza and vaccination against the flu * What to know about flu shots for older adults * What’s new and resources for the 2017-2018 flu... How long did it probably take the author to get her flu shot? A. a month B. all of October C. not enough information D. a few minutes
D
(Question)
Zoos are not my favorite places. I always wish the animals could be free. I can’t think of anything “funny” I have seen at the zoo exactly although there has to be something…. we used to go to Catskill Game Farm and Bronx Zoo in NY so I am sure there has to have been something notable, if not funny…. At Catskill Game Farm there were Peacocks that walked around free and made startling noises. There were also punk flamingoes there that were amazing to see. Maybe the funniest (not so funny though) thing was in the area where you could feed deer and baby pigs so sometimes they’d all come around at once and mob you? My daughter wanted to feed who she wanted to feed but the deer and the pigs had their own ideas. The deer liked these crackers kind of like rye crisps and the baby pigs went for the bottles of milk or formula. When my daughter tried to pick and choose and just feed one suddenly she would be surrounded by many. I think my husband must have videos of what transpired. One of these days it might be entertaining to view them again. At the Bronx Zoo I remember going one or more years during the winter to see the animal light sculptures and huge block ice carving and the penguins and polar bears maybe? I can’t remember anything funny happening. When we went out to San Diego around years ago during a business trip my husband got to go on then my daughter and I went with him. I took my daughter to the Zoo and Sea World but she was so young then and it was so long ago I can’t recall much except standing on line to see the pandas and just collapsing on a open type tour after trying to carry her and a collapsible stroller and diaper bag all around. She was so young but seemed to enjoy jumping on some bouncy trampoline type thing at the Sea World. My husband might remember the funny things better than I do. What does the author do for a living? A. not enough information B. She works at a bank C. She is a computer programmer D. She is unemployed
(Answer)
A
Question: Constipation is not a glamorous topic, but it’s certainly important, especially in older adults. As anyone who has experienced occasional — or even chronic — constipation can tell you, it can really put a damper on quality of life and well-being. Constipation can also cause more substantial problems, such as: * Severe abdominal pain, which can lead to emergency room visits * Hemorrhoids, which can bleed or be painful * Increased irritability, agitation, or even aggression, in people with Alzheimer’s disease or other forms of dementia * Stress and/or pain that can contribute to delirium (a state of new or worse confusion that often happens when older adults are hospitalized) * Fecal incontinence, which can be caused or worsened by having a hard lump of stool lodged in the lower bowel * Avoidance of needed pain medication, due to fear of constipation Fortunately, it’s usually possible to help older adults effectively manage and prevent constipation. This helps maintain well-being and quality of life, and can also improve difficult behaviors related to dementia. The trouble is that constipation is often either overlooked or sub-optimally managed by busy healthcare providers who aren’t trained in geriatrics. They are often focused on more “serious” health issues. Also, since many laxatives are available over-the-counter, some providers may assume that people will treat themselves if necessary. Personally, I don’t like this hands-off approach to constipation. Although several useful laxatives are indeed available over-the-counter (OTC), I’ve found that the average person doesn’t know enough to correctly choose among them. Also, although in geriatrics we often do end up recommending or prescribing laxatives, it’s vital to start by figuring out what is likely to be causing — or worsening — an older person’s constipation. For instance, many medications can make constipation worse, so we usually make an attempt to identify and perhaps deprescribe those. In short, if you’re an older adult, or if you’re helping an older... What are some side effects of constipation in the elderly? A. nausea, increased heart rate B. decreased irritability and bleeding C. pain, irritability, bleeding D. not enough information
Answer: | C |
Continue the following story.
Ricky fell while hiking in the woods. He was terrified! He thought he had fallen into a patch of poison ivy. Then he used his nature guide to identify the plant. | He was relieved to find out he was wrong. |
In this task, you are given a sentence and a question, you would be asked to create the answer which is contained in the sentence provided.
[EX Q]: Sentence: A brick wall of these objects is opaque. Question: Which of these objects is opaque?
[EX A]: A brick wall
[EX Q]: Sentence: A sudden flow of mud is called a(n) mudflow. Question: What's it called when there's a sudden flow of mud?
[EX A]: mudflow
[EX Q]: Sentence: Dentists occasionally use metallic mixtures called amalgams for fillings. Question: Dentists occasionally use metallic mixtures called amalgams for what?
[EX A]: | fillings
|
Yellow striped cat resting on blue sofa.
4
An orange tabby cat sleeping on the sofa.
Pictures of the day: 7 August 2013
3
Pictures of the day: 11 April 2013
Israel ends airstrike case; Palestinians critical
1
Israeli gunboats fire at Palestinian fishermen
"I am proud that I stood against Richard Nixon, not with him," Kerry said.
2
| "I marched in the streets against Richard Nixon and the Vietnam War," she said. |
Detailed Instructions: In this task you will be given an answer to a question. You need to generate a question. The answer given should be a correct answer for the generated question.
Q: In his 17 seasons at Anfield, Gerrard won a total of two FA Cups, three League Cups, one UEFA Champions League, one UEFA Cup, one FA Community Shield and one UEFA Super Cup. He was named in the PFA Team of the Year a record eight times, the UEFA Team of the Year and FIFA World XI three times, was named PFA Players' Player of the Year in 2006 and the FWA Footballer of the Year in 2009 and came second to Kenny Dalglish in a Liverpool fan poll of '100 Players Who Shook The Kop' in 2008. Despite collective and individual success, Gerrard never won the Premier League, finishing runner-up with Liverpool on three occasions. He joined Major League Soccer club LA Galaxy in July 2015, spending one-and-a-half seasons there before retiring on 24 November 2016.
A: | how many premier league titles does steven gerrard have |
Old Polish is the time in the history of the Polish language between the 9th and the 16th century , followed by the middle Polish language .
Old Polish language is the period in the history of the Polish language between the 16th and the 9th centuries , followed by the Middle Polish language .
Select your answer from the options. Do these sentences mean the same thing?
pick from the following. A. no. B. yes. | B. |
Given a context passage, generate a question from the passage such that its answer is shortest continous span from the passage.
Q: In anaesthesia and in the intensive care unit, benzodiazepines have proven safe and effective agents for the induction and maintenance of sedation for a variety of therapeutic goals. However, in these contexts, or in benzodiazepine overdose, it is often desirable to be able to terminate or interrupt sedation without waiting for the effect of the benzodiazepine to become dissipated by normal metabolism and excretion. Flumazenil, a 1,4-imidazobenzodiazepine, is a highly effective, specific benzodiazepine antagonist which is indicated for use when the effect of a benzodiazepine must be attenuated or terminated at short notice. It acts by displacing other benzodiazepines from the receptor site by competitive inhibition. The onset of effect after intravenous administration occurs within 1 to 3 minutes. The optimal dosage is determined for each patient by a dose titration procedure and lies in the range 0.2 to 1.0mg in anaesthesiology, and 0.1 to 2.0mg in intensive care use. Despite its short elimination half-life of around 1 hour, after general anaesthesia or conscious to moderate sedation for short procedures, a single dose of flumazenil is usually sufficient to attain and maintain the desired level of consciousness. After intoxication with high benzodiazepine doses, the duration of effect of a single dose of flumazenil is not expected to exceed 1 hour. In such cases, the period of wakefulness can be prolonged as necessary by repeated low intravenous doses of flumazenil or by infusion (0.1 mg/hour). Flumazenil is well tolerated both systemically and locally. The only adverse events seen with greater frequency after flumazenil compared with placebo were nausea and/or vomiting after general anaesthesia, although the incidence of actual vomiting was not significantly different between the 2 groups. Since these effects were virtually absent in studies of intensive care patients and after sedation for short procedures, and were not seen in tolerability studies in healthy volunteers receiving intravenous bolus doses of up to 100mg, there may be a link between these symptoms and the other agents used in general anaesthesia, some of which have well-known emetic properties. Thus, flumazenil provides a safe and effective means of attenuating or reversing the CNS-depressant effects of benzodiazepines whenever indicated, e.g. following benzodiazepine-induced general anaesthesia, conscious sedation, or after benzodiazepine overdose, either alone or in combination with other agents.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
A: Which drug should be used as an antidote in benzodiazepine overdose?
****
Q: Frederik Helstrup Jensen (born 16 March 1993) is a Danish footballer who plays for Helsingborgs IF of the Allsvenskan in Sweden.
A: What was the name of Frederik Helstrup's team?
****
Q: An eastern cult (a parody of the Thuggee cult) is about to sacrifice a woman to the goddess Kaili. Just as she is about to be killed, the high priestess of the cult, Ahme, notices that she is not wearing the sacrificial ring. Ringo Starr, drummer of the Beatles, has and is wearing it; it was secretly sent to him by the victim in a fan letter. Determined to retrieve the ring and sacrifice the woman, the great Swami Clang, Ahme, and several cult members including Bhuta, leave for London. After several failed attempts to steal the ring, they confront the Beatles in an Indian restaurant. Ringo learns that if he does not return the ring soon, he will become the next sacrifice. Ringo then discovers that the ring is stuck on his finger. The Beatles go to a jeweller to remove the ring, but the tools he uses all break. They then go to a mad scientist, Foot, and his assistant Algernon. In a lab full of British-made equipment, they attempt to expand the ring's molecules so it can slide off Ringo's finger. But the machines only manage to remove all his other rings. Astonished that his equipment has no effect on the ring, Foot decides that he, too, must have it. While they bumble with trying to get a laser together, Ahme crashes the lab and holds the scientists at gunpoint while she lets the Beatles escape. Back home, Ahme tells the group that her sister's time has passed and she is now out of danger and Ringo is now the sacrificial victim. She prepares a special solution intended to shrink Ringo's finger so she can get the ring off. But then Clang and his henchmen crash the house, causing Ahme to drop the syringe on Paul's leg. While a shrunken Paul hides in an ashtray, the cult attack the other Beatles and pour red paint on Ringo (as part of the sacrifice). Foot and Algernon come in, shoots a warning shot with his Webley and scares the cult away, Ahme in tow. Paul unshrinks and John subsequently starts to swing a lamp at Foot who tries to shoot him, but his gun misfires. Blaming this on the fact that the gun is British made, Foot retreats. The boys are left to sort things out. The band flees to the Austrian Alps for refuge but both thugs and Foot follow in pursuit. The Beatles practice skiing, then participate in a game of curling. Foot and Algernon booby-trap one of the curling stones with a bomb; George sees the "fiendish thingy" and tells everyone to run. The bomb eventually goes off after a delay, creating a big hole in the ice from which a Channel swimmer (Mal Evans) emerges and asks directions to the White Cliffs of Dover. The boys ski down a slope fleeing from Clang, directed by Ahme, who then misdirects Clang to the take-off ramp for a Ski jumping contest. Clang is the winner, and is forced to the winners' platform to receive a gold medal. The group escapes back to England and they ask for "protection" from Scotland Yard; and get it in the form of a cowardly Inspector (Cargill). After being attacked while recording in the middle of Salisbury Plain surrounded by the British Army, they hide in "A Well Known Palace" (Buckingham Palace) until they are almost captured by Foot. While on a walk with the police, the group step into a small pub, where Clang is disguised as a barman. After being served beer, Ringo cannot pick his glass up from the table, so George tips it over, unknowingly opening a trapdoor to the cellar that Clang set up. Inside the cellar is a door with a broken knob, a broken ladder and a tiger. They go summon the Inspector who tells them to sing the "Ode to Joy" from Beethoven's 9th Symphony to the tiger in order to tame it; everyone inside and outside the pub joins in. The Beatles put out in the press that they're going to the Bahamas to throw the cult off their
A: | Who is the god of the religious cult?
****
|
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you're given a passage, further information available on a particular linked term from the statement, and a question. Your job is to generate the answer to the question by using the information provided. If there is no clear answer obtainable, output 'none'.
Q: Passage: The Lakers opened the series with a 115–109 victory at the Boston Garden. In Game 2, the Lakers led 113–111 with 18 seconds left when Gerald Henderson stole a James Worthy pass to score a game tying layup and the Celtics eventually prevailed in overtime 124–121. In Game 3, the Lakers raced to an easy 137–104 victory as Magic Johnson dished out 21 assists. After the game, Larry Bird said his team played like "sissies" in an attempt to light a fire under his teammates. In Game 4, the Lakers had a five-point game lead with less than a minute to play, but made several execution errors as the Celtics tied the game and then came away with a 129–125 victory in overtime. The game was also marked by Celtic forward Kevin McHale's takedown of Laker forward Kurt Rambis on a breakaway layup which triggered the physical aspect of the rivalry. Kareem Abdul-Jabbar would go after Larry Bird later on in the third quarter, and 1981 Finals MVP Cedric Maxwell further antagonized the Lakers by following a missed James Worthy free throw by crossing the lane with his hands around his own neck, symbolizing that Worthy was "choking" under pressure. In Game 5, the Celtics took a 3–2 series lead as Larry Bird scored 34 points. The game was known as the "Heat Game", as it was played under 97 °F-heat, and without any air conditioning at the infamous Boston Garden. In Game 6, the Lakers evened the series with a 119–108 victory. In the game, the Lakers answered the Celtics rough tactics when Worthy shoved Cedric Maxwell into a basket support. After the game, a Laker fan threw a beer at Celtics guard M.L. Carr as he left the floor, causing him to label the series "all-out-war." In Game 7, the Celtics were led by Cedric Maxwell, who had 24 points, eight rebounds, and eight assists as they came away with a 111–102 victory. In the game the Lakers rallied from a 14-point deficit to three points down with one minute remaining, when Maxwell knocked the ball away from Magic Johnson. Dennis Johnson responded by sinking two free throws to seal the Celtics' victory. Larry Bird was named MVP of the series.
Link Information: Boston Garden was an arena in Boston, Massachusetts. Designed by boxing promoter Tex Rickard, who also built the third iteration of New York's Madison Square Garden, it opened on November 17, 1928 Question: When was the arena built where the Lakers opened the series with a 115-109 victory?
A: | Answer: 1928 |
You cannot get music out of the piano by hitting it.is the reasoning for what question and answer pair? | Q: Which of the following sentences is nonsensical?
Options:
- Sentence A: "The Piano was hit"
- Sentence B: "The Piano was played"
A: Sentence A |
kuwait city - the capital and largest city of kuwait - travels
Make this proper case | Kuwait City - the capital and largest city of Kuwait - travels |
In this task, you're given a passage, further information available on a particular linked term from the statement, and a question. Your job is to generate the answer to the question by using the information provided. If there is no clear answer obtainable, output 'none'.
Passage: During the 1980s, he traveled to India and recorded solo work in the Taj Mahal, and also worked with Vesala in groups led by Chico Freeman and Howard Johnson. In the mid-1980s, he began doing extensive work with Cecil Taylor, performing in his big bands and also led various groups of his own, including COCX (with Vitold Rek and Apostolis Anthimos). Then, before returning to ECM Records, Stańko also worked in a trio that included himself, Arild Andersen and Jon Christensen. In 1993, Stańko formed a new quartet composed of the then 16-year-old drummer Michał Miśkiewicz, along with Miśkiewicz's two friends, pianist Marcin Wasilewski and bassist Sławomir Kurkiewicz. That same year he also formed an international quartet that included Bobo Stenson, Tony Oxley and Anders Jormin. in 1994 the quartet released their first ECM recording titled Matka Joanna. In 1997, Stańko formed a group which performed the songs of pianist Krzysztof Komeda, touring London, Copenhagen, Stockholm and appearing at jazz festivals like those in Nancy and Berlin. The idea for the project came from ECM president Manfred Eicher.
Link Information: Construction of the mausoleum was essentially completed in 1643, but work continued on other phases of the project for another 10 years. Question: How many years had the Taj Mahal been standing for when Stanko recorded solo work there?
Answer: 330
Passage: The Sindhi nationalist movement's demands have ranged from greater cultural, economic and political rights, to political autonomy, and to outright secession from Pakistan and the creation of an independent state referred to as Sindhudesh. It was founded by G. M. Syed in 1972 to help Sindhi separatist forces to separate Sindh from Pakistan. Sindhi separatists believe that the Sindhi people suffer from disenfranchisement at the hands of Pakistan's Punjabi majority. In 1972 G.M Sayed, The founder of Sindhi nationalism formed an organization Jeay Sindh Mahaz. Later JSM divided into many fictions. Majorly two of these various political counterparts of Sindhi nationalism are JSQM and JSMM which believe in the political struggle while another faction of Sindhi nationalists the blacklisted Sindhudesh Liberation Army a Terrorist organisation believes in Armed Struggle for the total independence of Sindh from Pakistan and creation of Sindhudesh as proposed by G.M Sayed.
Link Information: Ghulam Murtaza Syed (Sindhi: غلام مرتضي سيد, z17 January 1904 – 25 April 1995), Question: How old was G. M. Syed the year he founded Jeay Sindh Mahaz?
Answer: 68
Passage: Loving premiered on June 26, 1983 as a two-hour primetime movie. It starred much of the original cast and featured film actors Lloyd Bridges and Geraldine Page. Set in the fictional town of Corinth, Pennsylvania, the early years of the show revolved around the blue-collar Donovans and the blue-blood Aldens. Major social issues such as incest, alcoholism, and post-traumatic stress syndrome of Vietnam veterans were covered. But Marland and Nixon left the series after a few years and in spite of ABC's bumping down Ryan's Hope to give Loving a choice timeslot, and cast additions of such popular All My Children stars as Debbi Morgan and Jean LeClerc, the ratings remained low throughout the show's run. Loving suffered from a constant revolving door of writers and producers, leading to questionable story moments such as a heroine's addiction to cough syrup and one character's selling his soul to the Devil. Circumstances became so desperate in the early 1990s that, to keep the show afloat, ABC assigned its own programming suits, network executive Haidee Granger and later, Vice President of Daytime Programming JoAnn Emmerich, to serve as executive producers. Despite its frequently subpar ratings, on June 26, 1993, Loving celebrated its 10th Anniversary on ABC.
Link Information: Loving premiered on June 26, 1983 Question: Which of the featured film actors was older when Loving premiered?
| Answer: Lloyd Bridges
|
As Ollie carried Tommy up the long winding steps, *his* legs ached.
Are "his" and "Ollie" the same thing in the aforementioned sentence (choose from options)?
Available options: *no *yes | yes |
In this task, we ask you to rewrite a sentence in simple English without changing its general meaning. Essentially, you want to make the sentence easier to read by using simpler words, utilizing more straightforward sentence structures, and omitting non-essential information etc.
The Burmese python ( " Python bivittatus " ) is one of the five largest species of snakes in the world ( about the fourth-largest as measured either by length or weight ) .
The Python bivittatus ( or Burmese python ) is one of the fifth largest snakes in the world .
From the 17th to the mid-20th century , French served as the pre-eminent international language of diplomacy and international affairs as well as a lingua franca among the educated classes of Europe .
French was the language of diplomacy and culture in Europe between the 17th and 19th century and is still widely used .
The most optimistic search project to date was Project Ozma , which was intended to " search for extraterrestrial intelligence " ( SETI ) by examining selected stars for indications of artificial radio signals .
| Project Ozma searched for intelligent life ( SETI ) by examining selected stars for artificial radio signals .
|
Teacher:In this task, you are given Wikipedia articles on a range of topics as passages and a question from the passage. We ask you to answer the question by classifying the answer as 0 (False) or 1 (True)
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Passage: Middle name -- In the United States, such names are specifically referred to as middle names; in most other countries, as far as they are given names and not, for example, patronymics, they would simply be regarded as second, third etc. given names. In the U.S., the ``middle name'' is often abbreviated to the middle initial (e.g. Mary Lee Bianchi becomes Mary L. Bianchi, which is usually standard for signatures ) or omitted entirely in everyday use (e.g. just Mary Bianchi). An individual may have more than one middle name, or none. In the United Kingdom, for comparison, she would usually be referred to as either Mary Bianchi, M.L. Bianchi or Mary Lee Bianchi, or she may choose Lee Bianchi, and informally there may be familiar shortenings.
Question: do you have to have a middle name in the united states
Student: | 0 |
The army is led by a civilian Secretary of the Army, who has the statutory authority to conduct all the affairs of the army under the authority, direction and control of the Secretary of Defense. The Chief of Staff of the Army, who is the highest-ranked military officer in the army, serves as the principal military adviser and executive agent for the Secretary of the Army, i.e., its service chief; and as a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, a body composed of the service chiefs from each of the four military services belonging to the Department of Defense who advise the President of the United States, the Secretary of Defense, and the National Security Council on operational military matters, under the guidance of the Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. In 1986, the Goldwater–Nichols Act mandated that operational control of the services follows a chain of command from the President to the Secretary of Defense directly to the unified combatant commanders, who have control of all armed forces units in their geographic or function area of responsibility. Thus, the secretaries of the military departments (and their respective service chiefs underneath them) only have the responsibility to organize, train and equip their service components. The army provides trained forces to the combatant commanders for use as directed by the Secretary of Defense.
Who does the Chief of Staff serve as the principal military adviser to?
Secretary of the Army
Executive authority in Bermuda is vested in the monarch and is exercised on her behalf by the Governor. The governor is appointed by the Queen on the advice of the British Government. The current governor is George Fergusson; he was sworn in on 23 May 2012. There is also a Deputy Governor (currently David Arkley JP). Defence and foreign affairs are carried out by the United Kingdom, which also retains responsibility to ensure good government. It must approve any changes to the Constitution of Bermuda. Bermuda is classified as a British Overseas Territory, but it is the oldest British colony. In 1620, a Royal Assent granted Bermuda limited self-governance; its Parliament is the fifth oldest in the world, behind the Parliament of the United Kingdom, the Tynwald of the Isle of Man, the Althing of Iceland, and Sejm of Poland. Of these, only Bermuda's and the Isle of Man's Tynwald have been in continuous existence since 1620.
Who appoints the Governor of Bermuda?
the Queen on the advice of the British Government.
Despite being a persistent critic of some of the government's policies, the paper supported Labour in both subsequent elections the party won. For the 2005 general election, The Sun backed Blair and Labour for a third consecutive election win and vowed to give him "one last chance" to fulfil his promises, despite berating him for several weaknesses including a failure to control immigration. However, it did speak of its hope that the Conservatives (led by Michael Howard) would one day be fit for a return to government. This election (Blair had declared it would be his last as prime minister) resulted in Labour's third successive win but with a much reduced majority.
What did Blair state about the 2005 election?
| it would be his last as prime minister |
A question is presented to you in this task, and your job is to write a potentially correct answer.
where is luke afb arizona? | Glendale |
I know that the answer to the question "A diode that allows current to flow with light" is in "LEDs have also been used as a medium-quality voltage reference in electronic circuits. The forward voltage drop (e.g. about 1.7 V for a normal red LED) can be used instead of a Zener diode in low-voltage regulators. Red LEDs have the flattest I/V curve above the knee. Nitride-based LEDs have a fairly steep I/V curve and are useless for this purpose. Although LED forward voltage is far more current-dependent than a Zener diode, Zener diodes with breakdown voltages below 3 V are not widely available.". Can you tell me what it is?
| LEDs |
A school board in the eastern state of Virginia has filed an emergency appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court to halt a ruling that allows a transgender student to use the boys’ restroom next school year. The Gloucester County School Board is trying to prevent Gavin Grimm from using the bathroom that matches his gender identity when school resumes later this year, saying it will "put parents' constitutional rights in jeopardy.'' Grimm sued the school district last year for the right to use the boys’ restroom after the school board enacted a policy limiting bathroom use to the one corresponding with a person’s biological sex rather than the gender with which the student identifies. Grimm was born female but identifies as male. "Depriving parents of any say over whether their children should be exposed to members of the opposite biological sex, possibly in a state of full or complete undress, in intimate settings deprives parents of their right to direct the education and upbringing of their children,'' attorneys for the school board wrote. The ACLU, which is defending Grimm, has argued that forcing him to use the girls' bathroom is a violation of Title IX and the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. The issue is one that has been hotly debated in schools, courts and state legislatures across the U.S. The Obama administration in May directed the nation’s public schools to allow transgender students to use bathrooms and locker rooms that match their gender identity or risk losing their federal funding. Twenty-one states have sued to overturn the directive. The 4th Circuit Court of Appeals sided with Grimm in April. The court reinstated Grimm's Title IX claim and sent it back to the district court for further consideration. The school board wants the Supreme Court to put Grimm's district court case on hold until the justices decide whether to review the appeals court decision. The board says it plans to file its petition for Supreme Court review by late August. After the end of the text, the Supreme Court has probably Pick the correct answer from the following options: - ruminated on the issue - decided the issue - discussed the issue - not enough information
| decided the issue |
australia, commonwealth of australia, photos of australia, , canberra - photography - australian war memorial
Make this proper case. | Australia, Commonwealth of Australia, photos of Australia, , Canberra - photography - Australian War Memorial |
Teacher:In this task, you will be given text in English. You need to translate the text into the Sinhali language.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Many Taíno died, particularly due to smallpox, of which they had no immunity.
Student: | ගොඩක් Taíno මියගියා පැපොල නිසා, මක්නිසාද යත් ඔව්න්ට එයට මුහුණදීමට ප්රතිශක්තියක් නොවන නිසා. |
Use stream of consciousness to answer the following. The 2007 model year brought a complete redesign of the Jeep Wrangler, and also a four-door model. The TJ chassis was replaced by an all new JK platform. This next-generation Wrangler was noticeably wider than the previous model, with a 3.4-inch (86 mm) wider track; and though the two-door model has a 2-inch (51 mm) longer wheelbase, it is actually 2.5 inches (64 mm) shorter in overall length than the TJ, allowing for a 44.3 ° approach angle and a 40.4 ° departure angle. With a larger factory available tire size of 32 inches, the breakover angle on the Rubicon is increased from 22.6 ° to 25.4 °. The four-door Unlimited model has an over 20-inch (510 mm) longer wheelbase at 116 in (2,950 mm) to offer much improved rear seating room, but is nevertheless only 2.4-inch (61 mm) longer than the 2006 TJ Unlimited.
When did they start making 4 door jeep wrangler? | The relevant information to answer the above question is: The 2007 model year brought a complete redesign of the Jeep Wrangler, and also a four-door model. Final answer: 2007. |
How to travel in latin america
Make sure you know enough spanish to get by.
You don't have to be fluent, but you should at least know some.
Ensure that your passport is up to date.
OPTIONS:
- All latin american countries require passports for entry (paraguay, bolivia, and brazil also require tourists visas; these can be purchased at the border). Choose departure and return dates that coincide with the season during which you wish to travel.
- You'll need a valid passport to travel internationally. Even if you don't have a valid passport, you can definitely get a passport through your local border.
- Passport releases can be very tricky, because there is no law against driving a rental car or delivering it to one. Download the latin america itinerary but reserve it for your passport.
- It is especially important that you apply by mail. Some countries may require that you first have an academic visa before you can travel.
All latin american countries require passports for entry (paraguay, bolivia, and brazil also require tourists visas; these can be purchased at the border). Choose departure and return dates that coincide with the season during which you wish to travel.
A person is seen sticking their hands under a dink and rubbing soap on their hands. The person scrubs their hands thoroughly and then runs them under a faucet. she
OPTIONS:
- dries her hands under the faucet while falling backwards several times.
- then grabs a paper towel to dry her hands and show them off.
- dips the toothbrush into the water and dips the toothbrush in to thoroughly feel the area.
- continues scrubbing the soap all over her body.
then grabs a paper towel to dry her hands and show them off.
A person is riding a bike over a trail. they
OPTIONS:
- go over several jumps on the trail.
- set up a camera in the middle of the trail.
- are going down the road on a dirt trail.
- go through a tunnel on the side.
go over several jumps on the trail.
The camera focuses on an alcoholic beverage and a bottle then cuts to a female bartender. She begins mixing a drink together in a glass and covers it with a metal cover. she
OPTIONS:
- pours a small straw filled with ice into the drink and shakes it up.
- demonstrates how the glass is to be secured and begins to mix the contents properly.
- pours beer, lemon juice, and a little liquid into the glass and adds it all together in an alcoholic drink.
- takes a drink and licks the rim, then puts it down.
| demonstrates how the glass is to be secured and begins to mix the contents properly. |
In this task you will be given a question and a passage. You need to determine if the answer to the question is contained in the passage. If the answer can be found in the passage you should output 'True'. If the answer cannot be found in the passage you should output 'False'.
Passage: 'The dimensions of a tennis court are defined and regulated by the International Tennis Federation (ITF) governing body and are written down in the annual' Rules of Tennis' document. The court is 78 feet (23.77 metres) long. Its width is 27 feet (8.23 metres) for singles matches and 36 feet (10.97 metres) for doubles matches. The service line is 21 feet (6.40 metres) from the net. Additional clear space around the court is needed in order for players to reach overrun balls for a total of 60 feet (18 metres) wide and 120 feet (37 metres) long. A net is stretched across the full width of the court, parallel with the baselines, dividing it into two equal ends. The net is 3 feet 6 inches (1.07 metres) high at the posts, and 3 feet (0.91 metres) high in the center. The net posts are 3 feet (0.91 metres) outside the doubles court on each side or, for a singles net, 3 feet (0.91 metres) outside the singles court on each side.'. Question: 'what is the area of a tennis court'. | True |
Please answer the following question: Given the following passage "Ninety-five percent of bird species are socially monogamous. These species pair for at least the length of the breeding season or—in some cases—for several years or until the death of one mate. Monogamy allows for both paternal care and biparental care, which is especially important for species in which females require males' assistance for successful brood-rearing. Among many socially monogamous species, extra-pair copulation (infidelity) is common. Such behaviour typically occurs between dominant males and females paired with subordinate males, but may also be the result of forced copulation in ducks and other anatids. Female birds have sperm storage mechanisms that allow sperm from males to remain viable long after copulation, a hundred days in some species. Sperm from multiple males may compete through this mechanism. For females, possible benefits of extra-pair copulation include getting better genes for her offspring and insuring against the possibility of infertility in her mate. Males of species that engage in extra-pair copulations will closely guard their mates to ensure the parentage of the offspring that they raise.", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: Why is this theory not 100% true?
Answer: | Among many socially monogamous species, extra-pair copulation (infidelity) is common |
No process enables anyone to turn exhaust fumes into gold and John Ashcroft made no claim to have developed any such method.
Is the following sentence factually correct?
"John Ashcroft developed an alchemical process that enabled automotive companies to turn exhaust fumes into gold."
Options:
- yes
- no
no
She died in 1954 which is less than 70 years.
Is the following statement true?
"Frida Kahlo passed away over 70 years ago."
no
People's Bank of China is a bank not a grocer.
Yes / no, is the following a verifiable fact?
"People's Bank of China sells produce to the general public."
no
Warren Buffett is a widely known and popular investor.
| Claim: "A renowned value investor and one of the most wealthiest individuals is Warren Buffett."
Is the claim above correct, and can it be verified by human common sense and without a web search?
Options:
- yes
- no
yes |
In this task, you're given an article and an answer. Your task is to generate the question for the answer based on the given article.
Example Input: Article: Seven tips to good table manners Whether it's a dinner at a friend's house or a business meeting over lunch, we judge people based on their table manners. But what can you do if your kids do not behave themselves at the dinner tables? The following are seven tips to set your children on the road to good table manners: *Look for the good. Instead of pointing out all the things your children do wrong, point out what they do right. Please say, for example, "I am so proud of you. It was wonderful the way you served yourself." *Don't turn dinner into an unpleasant "lecture time". That will turn kids off not only manners, but dinner, and you, too. *Check your own example. Don't show up for dinner in just your underwear unless you want your kids to do the same. *Don't always consider your kids lazy and dirty ones. Instead, point out the behavior in a tender way. For example: " It' s a good idea to unfold your napkin, so if food falls you won't dirty your clothes." *Teach your kids good manners in the form of a game. One night a week, try to have a formal dinner. Try dressing up, serve a special meal, and expect more formal manners. That will help improve their sense of manners. *Make kids understand part of the tradition. Invite guests over and let kids help serve them. This helps them indirectly learn about table manners. *Try dining out once in a while. Fast food restaurants aren't counted. Try a nice restaurant and let kids order their own food, pay the bill and give the tip.
Answer: Improve kids' sense of manners by having a formal dinner at times.
Example Output: Which of the following should parents do to help their kids learn good table manners?
Example Input: Article: The Wall Street Journal Asia Edition(prefix = st1 /U. S.), the Globe and Mail(Canada), the Guardian(U. K. ),among other foreign news agencies,have recently published articles on China's earthquake relief. They have all praised the earthquake relief efforts made by the Chinese government. The Wall Street Journal Asia Edition published an article on May 21 saying that on the eighth day of the most serious natural disaster to hit China in decades, rescuing survivors from the ruins had been quickly replaced by the _ challenge of helping them. The article said that people overseas have been deeply impressed by earthquake relief efforts by the Chinese government. The Associated French Press(AFP) reported on May 21 that Chinahas become more open during the campaign. Aircraft loaded with relief supplies from Ukraine,Russia,the United States, Singapore and other countries have arrived in disaster areas in southwestern China. The Associated Press(AP) published an article on May 21 reporting that Chinais making great efforts to deal with an extremely difficult task caused by the earthquake how to provide temporary shelter far so many people. The article said that many tents have been built;and food and medical care are provided to the people whose lives have been completely disturbed by the earthquake. The Global and Mail of Canada published an article on May 20 that said the rapid earthquake relief work in Sichuan demonstrates China's powerful economic strength. An article carried in the British Guardian said that one week after the Sichuan earthquake,China began a three-day national mourning period at 14:28 on may 19, and all Chinese people stood in silence for three minutes in memory of the victims. The ongoing search and rescue action is encouraged by one miraculous survivor after another: Chinese officials said that,so far, no epidemic had occurred after the earthquake.
Answer: 6
Example Output: How many press media are mentioned in the article?
Example Input: Article: She was returning from teaching out in a small community . It was a moonless night, and a heavy snow was falling. She remembered back to when she had first started teaching out in small communities. In those days she had always picked up hitchhikers , until the day her sister told her of a friend who had been shot in the head by a hitchhiker, all because she had stopped out of kindness to help him during a storm. Her family didn't become concerned about her safety over the hitchhikers until the family heard the promise: "No more hitchhikers!" The snow that night was making her think back to this. Then she saw a man waving. She slowed down for him, but now as he ran toward the car in the dark she shook with fear. Yet she thought that if he was truly in need she couldn't leave him here in this storm. The stranger explained that his car was dead, and she told him to get in. They drove for an hour into the next city and she took him to a telephone booth . She waited until he had made a call. When he reported back to her that a family member would soon come for him, she wished him well and left. _ "I hope they'll understand why I had to break my promise," she thought.
Answer: She seldom picked up strangers.
Example Output: | What can we learn about the woman?
|
Continue the following story.
The side effects of the medication prescribed to Lindsey by Betty are bad,
OPT:
- Lindsey says consult before you stop taking medication.;
- Betty says consult before you stop taking medication.; | Betty says consult before you stop taking medication. |
In this task, you will be shown an incorrect English sentence. You need to generate a corrected form of the input sentence.
--------
Question: when you are a teenager , you start experiencing some sexual changes , which in contrast changes your way of thinking , thinking more about the other gender than thinking about toys , would enjoy going out with some friends , than staying home playing with your toys .
Answer: when you are a teenager , you start experiencing some sexual changes , which in contrast changes your way of thinking , thinking more about the other gender than thinking about toys , would enjoy going out with some friends , than staying home playing with your toys .
Question: The student must be capable of understanding ideas and concepts , and at the same time , knowing the way how they must be developed .
Answer: The student must be capable of understanding ideas and concepts , and , at the same time , know the way how they must be developed .
Question: Successful people have to do things stablely and do what they already know how to do well .
Answer: | Successful people have to do things they find stable and do what they already know how to do well .
|
In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question.
Q: Question: What was the population of Drogheda the year Connolly station was first opened? Passage:The station opened on 29 November 1844 by the Dublin and Drogheda Railway Company as Dublin Station, but was renamed Amiens Street Station ten years later after the street on which it is located. Originally the station served only a single mainline to Drogheda, and in 1853 through services to Belfast commenced. In 1891, the City of Dublin Junction Railway connected the station with Westland Row Station (now Pearse Station) on the city's South side. The City of Dublin Junction had a separate station known as Amiens Street Junction consisting of the present platforms 5, 6, and 7 (currently used by DART, Commuter and Rosslare services) with a separate street entrance. After the amalgamation of the GNR (I) at the end of the 1950s, this station became part of Amiens Street and the separate entrance fell into disuse. The City of Dublin Junction Railway allowed services to run from Amiens Street through to Westland Row to Rosslare and the South East. Services to Sligo were transferred to Westland Row (Pearse Station) running non-stop through the station in 1937, with the closure of Broadstone Station by CIÉ (see also MGWR). Services to Galway and Mayo also terminated at Westland Row, operating through Connolly Station after 1937, running via Mullingar and Athlone. This was discontinued in the 1970s in favour of running services from Heuston Station. Sunday trains to Cork, Limerick and Waterford during the 1960s operated from Connolly platforms 5, 6 and 7 through the Phoenix Park Tunnel, so as to avoid the cost of opening Heuston for the limited Sunday traffic demand at that time.
Links: a. CIÉ b. Dublin Pearse railway station c. Athlone d. Drogheda
A: | d |
Please answer the following question: I lost my baby boy at 31 weeks of pregnancy in February 2013. My heart shattered into a million pieces that weekend in February. I knew that I wanted the chance to bring home another live, healthy baby in my arms. I had some medical issues that would concern doctors during a uncomplicated pregnancy and would put me at high risk if, and that at the time was a big if I was able to get pregnant, and could I make it past the second trimester. I had doctors who supported my decision to try again, but my body wasn’t co operating. 2015. I got pregnant, straight on the medication I needed, lots of blood tests. Got a horrible sinking feeling something went wrong at the 6 week stage, bleeding at 8 weeks. At 9weeks of pregnancy, got a scan and no heartbeat was found. I choose the d&c operation, I couldn’t deal with seeing the miscarriage blood for days. I tried to convince myself to give up, move on. Wasn’t an easy thing to do, but the depression and sadness wasn’t fair to my 6 year old son. He needed his mummy who was always sad, in his mind. About 6 months later, I was having a scan. This time, I had a strong heart beat on screen. The pregnancy was extremely high risk, consultant led, daily injections, scans every 2 weeks from 18 weeks. No guarantees of a good outcome. Planned c section at 38 weeks. Healthy baby girl. I was lucky, I got the chance to have my happy ever after. Was it worth the heartache and infertility caused by stress - yes Was it worth the terrifying 34 weeks of pregnancy- yes Do I miss and wish the baby boy I lost at 31 weeks was here - every day For me, being bloody minded and stubborn worked out for me. Question: What happened at week 38? Options: - Another regular routine screening - Another failed birth - not enough information - Her successful birth === The correct answer is
A: | Her successful birth |
Summarize the following:
If you are using Word 2010 or newer, you can create PDF files directly from Word. If you are using Word 2007, you'll need to download the "Save as PDF Add-in" from Microsoft first. You can use this method for any text file you can open or copy into Word. If you are using Word 2003, you'll need to install a virtual printer like CutePDf Writer. See the instructions in the first section of this article and then follow the directions to create the PDF from the Print window in Word 2003. It's a little different depending on the version you are using: Word 2013 - Click the "File" tab and select "Export". Click the "Create PDF/XPS" button. Word 2010 - Click the "File" tab and select "Save & Send". Click the "Create PDF/XPS" button. Word 2007 - Click the "Office" button and select "Save to PDF". You'll need the Add-in installed first. You can choose to optimize the file for publishing online, which will make it smaller but lower-quality. You can also click the Options... button and choose what pages you want to include and other PDF options. By default, the entire document will be turned into a PDF. By default, the file will have the same name as the original file. Save or Publish. This will create your new PDF file.
Summary: | Open the document in Microsoft Word. Start the saving process. Choose your options. Give the file a name and set where you want it saved. Click the . |
In this task, you are given an article. Your task is to summarize the article in a sentence.
The France right-back, 33, made the remark after his side's 2-1 Premier League win over Burnley on 2 January.
City were reduced to 10 men in the 32nd minute of the match, when referee Lee Mason sent off midfielder Fernandinho.
The Football Association said the post "questioned the integrity of the match official".
Sagna has also been warned about his future conduct.
BBC Sport football reporter Simon Stone
It is fair to say some senior figures at Manchester City feel Bacary Sagna was pretty harshly dealt with.
The feeling was Sagna has been given no credit for admitting he was wrong to post what he did on social media, nor has any account been taken for the fact he took down the "10 against 12" Instagram post down within an hour of putting it up.
Players and managers are allowed, within reason, to criticise a referee's performance or their decisions provided they do not imply bias, question the official's integrity or make offensive personal comments.
Manchester City defender Bacary Sagna's appeal against his £40,000 fine for posting "10 against 12" on social media has been dismissed.
They have doubled in weight over the past decade, they sit higher in the water and are flatter underneath to enable them to enter more harbours. To the untrained eye they look top heavy, and with up to 6,000 people on board, they look difficult to evacuate quickly. But is that the case?
One maritime union, Nautilus International, thinks the regulations need looking at. It has been warning for some time that something like this might happen.
Look at this quote, which raises the spectre of the Titanic.
"The grounding of a cruise ship carrying more than 4,000 passengers and crew two weeks into the Titanic centenary year should serve as a wake-up call to the shipping industry and those who regulate it. Attention needs to be paid to existing evacuation systems and more innovative systems for abandonment."
The evacuation of the Costa Concordia didn't go well. The fact that the ship listed so quickly and so far meant they couldn't launch all the lifeboats. Passengers have complained of chaos, confused staff - some of whom didn't speak their language - and the fact they hadn't been taken through a drill.
The International Maritime Organization, which regulates ship safety across the world, sets the rules on evacuating ships and providing drills for new passengers.
Here is what they sent me:
Regulation 19: Emergency training and drills.
Effectively, the company has 24 hours to take you through a drill once you are on board. The Costa Concordia was only a few hours into its voyage. Some people arriving back at Heathrow started flashing their drill cards around. They had been scheduled for a rehearsal on Saturday afternoon, by which time the ship was lying on its side.
I suspect, in the light of this accident, all cruise companies will now make sure they drill passengers before they set sail.
But what about the time it took to get everyone off?
Regulation III/21.1.3: All survival craft required to provide for abandonment by the total number of persons on board shall be capable of being launched with their full complement of persons and equipment within a period of 30 min from the time the abandon ship signal is given after all persons have been assembled, with life jackets donned.
In practice, this means all passengers and crew are ordered to lifeboat stations first and then, when everyone is mustered, the captain orders abandon ship. So Coast Guards test to see if ships can load the boats and place them in the water within 30 minutes.
Regulations also state that a ship's systems should last for at least three hours because that is how long it is expected to take to completely abandon a large ship.
It took a good five hours to get most passengers off the ship. One former sea captain I spoke to had some sympathy with the crew in this situation. Once the ship was listing heavily, he told me, and the lifeboats were sitting on what had become the top of the boat, everyone just had to leave the ship any way they could.
The regulations work to the principle that the ship itself is the best lifeboat, and is designed to be able to limp back to port in most situations.
Prof Philip Wilson at the University of Southampton specialises in ship dynamics and we spoke alongside his 29ft (9m) testing tank.
"Modern ships are safe as they can possibly be," he told me.
"The centre of buoyancy is in the right place... instinctively it doesn't look right but it is in fact very, very stable, the beam of the boat being very large."
We have also heard a lot about watertight compartments since the Costa Concordia went down. The theory is that if one side of the hull is breached, the other side can be flooded to keep the ship upright. The big question is then, why didn't it work in this case? The truth is we won't know until the investigation is finished.
But Prof Wilson wasn't too surprised, saying: "Every ship will sink if you make the hole big enough."
He added, however, that something was "puzzling" him.
The hole in the hull is sticking out of the water. It should be under the sea, because that is where the water came rushing in. In other words, the ship seems to be lying on the wrong side.
"We're working on information that's incomplete so we don't know really what's happened. Potentially of course, the crew could have been pumping water to bring the ship upright, and maybe took too much water on board."
What many people are keen to stress is that cruise ships are still among the safest ways to travel. Companies emphasise that training and regulations are rigorous and that this kind of accident is very rare. But no-one argues that there isn't room for improvement.
The International Maritime Organization has not had a lot to say on this accident so far, but it has released a statement, and once again, it revives memories of the Titanic.
"IMO must not take this accident lightly," it says.
"We should seriously consider the lessons to be learnt and, if necessary, re-examine the regulations on the safety of large passenger ships in the light of the findings of the casualty investigation. In the centenary year of the Titanic, we have once again been reminded of the risks involved in maritime activities."
The capsizing of the Costa Concordia has raised many questions about the safety of modern cruise ships.
His plea of ignorance took a knock today when his own company's Management and Standards Committee provided that committee with an email stream, sent in June 2008, at the bottom of which there's an unambiguous allegation that phone hacking was "rife throughout the organisation".
It also contains an indirect reference to the notorious "For Neville" email, which is widely seen as prima facie evidence that phone hacking was more prevalent than News International, owner of the News of the World, admitted at the time.
Mr Murdoch says he received the email stream on a Saturday. He says: "I am confident that I did not review the full email chain".
That's plausible - especially since the email stream shows him firing off his contribution to the 2008 email exchange three minutes after receiving an email from Colin Myler, who was editor of the News of the World at the time.
The problem for Mr Murdoch is that Mr Myler's email is short and very blunt about the importance of the email at the bottom of the chain, which is written by Julian Pike, a solicitor at Farrar & Co.
Mr Myler, in his email to Mr Murdoch on Saturday 7 June, says: "Unfortunately it is as bad as we feared. The note from Julian Pike of Farrer's (sic) is extremely telling regarding Taylor's vindictiveness".
So Mr Myler gives an incentive to Mr Murdoch to read Mr Pyke's email - which is dated 6 June 2008 and is an account of a case being brought against the News of the World by Gordon Taylor, the chairman of the Professional Footballers' Association, whose phone had been hacked by the News of the World.
Mr Pike says: "He [Gordon Taylor] wants to demonstrate that what happened to him is/was rife throughout the organisation. He wants to correct the paper telling parliamentary enquiries that this was not happening when it was".
Mr Pike also says Mr Taylor wants a staggering £1.2m to settle.
Now if Mr Murdoch had read all that, he might well have been motivated also to read the email above that one, which is to Mr Myler from Tom Crone, the former legal affairs manager of News International.
Mr Crone's email contains this explosive line:
"There is a further nightmare scenario in this, which is that several of those voicemails on the Ross Hindley email were taken from Joanne Armstrong's phone [Joanne Armstrong was the PFA's in-house lawyer]".
So here we have a News International lawyer referring to a "nightmare". And said horror is yet another email - now widely known as the "For Neville email" - that is regarded as prima facie evidence of phone hacking being more widespread than News International had said at the time.
I know this is all very confusing. But what does it all mean?
Well, it shows that Mr Murdoch was given the ability in June 2008 to get a grip on the phone-hacking scandal, via this email stream.
Had he read the email stream, Mr Murdoch would surely have gleaned that the News of the World faced the serious allegation that it had misled MPs about the full extent of phone hacking at the News of the World.
However he says he didn't read the email stream.
The defence of his probity - his claim that he knew nothing of the extent of phone hacking till about a year ago - rests on his admitting that he made a management mistake by ignoring evidence of a serious problem that was put under his nose.
It is for MPs on the Culture, Media and Sport Select Committee to decide whether that management error is forgiveable and understandable.
| James Murdoch's reputation and (probably) his ability to remain as chair of British Sky Broadcasting hinge to a great extent on whether MPs on the Culture Media and Sport Select Committee choose to believe him when he says that he did not know that phone hacking was widespread at the News of the World in 2008.
|
In this task, you are given Wikipedia articles on a range of topics as passages and a question from the passage. We ask you to answer the question by classifying the answer as 0 (False) or 1 (True)
Ex Input:
Passage: My Generation -- Another salient aspect of ``My Generation'' is Daltrey's delivery: an angry and frustrated stutter. Various stories exist as to the reason for this distinct delivery. One is that the song began as a slow talking blues number without the stutter (in the 1970s it was sometimes performed as such, but with the stutter, as ``My Generation Blues''), but after being inspired by John Lee Hooker's ``Stuttering Blues,'' Townshend reworked the song into its present form. Another reason is that it was suggested to Daltrey that he stutter to sound like a British mod on speed. It is also proposed, albeit less frequently, that the stutter was introduced to give the group a framework for implying an expletive in the lyrics: ``Why don't you all fff... fade away!'' However, producer Shel Talmy insisted it was simply ``one of those happy accidents'' that he thought they should keep. Roger Daltrey has also commented that he had not rehearsed the song prior to the recording, was nervous, and he was unable to hear his own voice through the monitors. The stutter came about as he tried to fit the lyrics to the music as best he could, and the band decided it worked well enough to keep. The BBC initially refused to play ``My Generation'' because it did not want to offend people who stutter, but it reversed its decision after the song became more popular.
Question: did the lead singer of the who have a stutter
Ex Output:
0
Ex Input:
Passage: Bare king -- Under modern rules, a player with a bare king does not automatically lose and may continue playing. A bare king can never give check, however, and can therefore never deliver a checkmate. (A bare king can in some situations play to a stalemate.) Therefore, a bare king can never win. For example, if the opponent of a bare king oversteps the time limit, the game is drawn. If both players are left with a bare king, the game is immediately drawn. Similarly, if one player has only a king and bishop or knight while the opponent has a bare king, the game is immediately drawn.
Question: can you win with only a king in chess
Ex Output:
0
Ex Input:
Passage: Jeep Grand Cherokee -- The Jeep Grand Cherokee is a range of Mid-size SUVs produced by the American manufacturer Jeep. While some other SUVs were manufactured with body-on-frame construction, the Jeep Grand Cherokee has always used a unibody chassis.
Question: is jeep grand cherokee a full size suv
Ex Output:
| 0
|
Q: Given an English sentence, convert it into the french language.
Richard " Richie " Tozier Known by many as " Trashmouth , " Richie is the Losers ' self-appointed comic relief , always cracking jokes and doing impersonations or " voices , " which proves to be a very powerful weapon against It .
A: | Richard " Richie " Tozier : connu sous le surnom de " Grande Gueule " , Richie est le boute-en-train du groupe , toujours en train de faire des blagues et des imitations qui se révèlent par la suite être des armes très puissantes contre Ça . |
What is creativity? How de we define creativity? Where does creativity come from? How philosophical is the notion of creativity? Is everyone’s ‘creativity’ different? Or is it an ill conceived, simplified term that is used to describe a very specific series of neuronal & bodily reactions to certain stimuli? These are all the questions I’ve been thinking (and googling, and youtubing) since beginning this Capturing Creativity studio* and I have found some answers or maybe I’ve just found more questions: Creativity is generally defined as the ability to make new things, or come up with new ideas, it’s an ability to think outside the box, to see unique solutions and employ them in inventive ways. In this sense creativity is not always utilised when being ‘creative’, as to be creative is simply defined as the ability to make or produce something. However I guess that depends on your definition of creative, how different, unique, special, once off, un-influenced does something have to be, to be classified as creative? This is where creativity get’s tricky. It’s all well and good to be like oh this is what creativity is, so it’s easy to investigate it, but what if you don’t define that as being creative, maybe that was just following a formula, a somewhat inspired formula, but maybe it is just a formula. Creativity to most people seems to be a random mix of once off genius combined with solid skill and hard work and for us humans these percentages are unique to us. Maybe creativity to you is 90% unique idea, 5% skill and 5% hard work. Maybe creativity to you is 40% unique idea, 50% skill and 10% hard work. Maybe for you creativity doesn’t have to involve any hard work at all. For me when it comes to creativity I’m most interested in that unique idea portion; where does that unique idea come from? Is it simply random? Is it a gift from the gods? Is our unique idea just a product of a lot of subconscious effort, only made aware to us in the sense of a ‘random’ idea? Have we been influenced by something, processed it... According to the above context, answer the following question. What does creativity seem to be to most people?
OPTIONS:
[A]. Something that doesn't involve any hard work at all.
[B]. not enough information.
[C]. A random mix of once off genius combined with solid skill and hard work.
[D]. The ability to make or produce something. | [C]. |
What should I do if the scrolling wheel on my middle mouse button starts to slip?
My Dell mouse scroll wheel is not working, how can this be fixed?
Are these two questions inquiring about the same information? | no |
In this task, you will be shown an incorrect English sentence. You need to generate a corrected form of the input sentence.
Let me give you an example: The car's wheel are loose.
The answer to this example can be: The car's wheel is loose.
Here is why: The instance of are is replaced by the word is. This makes the sentence grammatically correct.
OK. solve this:
we gone to the Pink 's hot dog .
Answer: | We went to Pink 's hot dog stand . |
Read the text and determine if the sentence is true:
B: Uh, with regard uh, to jury trials. I really feel as though, uh, uh, whatever system has been used historically, in particular jurisdiction, you know, is really the only kinds of things that you can use. Because the jurisprudence is, you know, based uh, you know, on accumulated body of law. And if you have a situation where you change that body of law, then all of sudden they could start going back and digging up all these cases uh, that would be handled differently were they judged by today's standards. So I really don't think they can really do much of anything to change it.
Sentence: they can really do something to change it
A: No
Read the text and determine if the sentence is true:
Jim waited. He waited a long time, and when the young doctor finally came out, it was almost dark. Jim could nonetheless tell by his anxious face that something was wrong.
Sentence: something was wrong
A: Yes
Read the text and determine if the sentence is true:
``I hope you are settling down and the cat is well.'' This was a lie. She did not hope the cat was well.
Sentence: the cat was well
A: It's impossible to say
Read the text and determine if the sentence is true:
A: Sometimes you hear things on the radio that, you know, could be true or couldn't be. B: Uh-huh. A: Uh, do you feel like this is, I guess they're spending a billion or so a year on this AIDS research. B: Uh-huh. A: Do you think they should spend more?
Sentence: they should spend more
A: | It's impossible to say |
In this task, you will be presented with a context from an academic paper and a question separated with a
. You have to answer the question based on the context.
Input: Consider Input: In particular, we use Semeval 2014 BIBREF34 Twitter Sentiment Analysis Dataset for the training Sarcasm Datasets Used in the Experiment
This dataset was created by BIBREF8 . The tweets were downloaded from Twitter using #sarcasm as a marker for sarcastic tweets. It is a monolingual English dataset which consists of a balanced distribution of 50,000 sarcastic tweets and 50,000 non-sarcastic tweets.
Since sarcastic tweets are less frequently used BIBREF8 , we also need to investigate the robustness of the selected features and the model trained on these features on an imbalanced dataset. To this end, we used another English dataset from BIBREF8 . It consists of 25,000 sarcastic tweets and 75,000 non-sarcastic tweets.
We have obtained this dataset from The Sarcasm Detector. It contains 120,000 tweets, out of which 20,000 are sarcastic and 100,000 are non-sarcastic. We randomly sampled 10,000 sarcastic and 20,000 non-sarcastic tweets from the dataset. Visualization of both the original and subset data show similar characteristics.
Question: Which benchmark datasets are used?
Output: Semeval 2014 BIBREF34 Twitter Sentiment Analysis Dataset dataset was created by BIBREF8 English dataset from BIBREF8 dataset from The Sarcasm Detector
Input: Consider Input: We adopt a DNN-based acoustic model BIBREF0 with 11 hidden layers and the alignment used to train the model is derived from a HMM-GMM model trained with SAT criterion.
Question: What are the deep learning architectures used in the task?
Output: DNN-based acoustic model BIBREF0
Input: Consider Input: We use 300 Dimensional Glove Common Crawl Embeddings (840B Token) BIBREF11 and fine tune them for the task.
Question: What data are the embeddings trained on?
| Output: Common Crawl
|
In this task, you're given a context passage. Your job is to generate relevant questions that can be answered by directly referring to the passage.
Ash prevented the large heavy ball from rolling down the hill towards the small child.
Why did Ash do this?
I don't recognize the number but it's a suburban area code so I answer with my usual " This is Snoopy " ( work habit ) . He's like " Hey there ... " ( god the voice sounded great on the phone .... yum ) and for a second I wanted to play the " um ... who's this ? " game but I didn't .
Why don't I recognize the number ?
Riley left home with their sister today, because they were grounded by their step dad.
| What will their step dad want to do next?
|
In this task you will be given a question and a passage. You need to determine if the answer to the question is contained in the passage. If the answer can be found in the passage you should output 'True'. If the answer cannot be found in the passage you should output 'False'.
Passage: 'The British thermal unit (Btu or BTU) is a traditional unit of heat; it is defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of water by one degree Fahrenheit. It is part of the United States customary units. Its counterpart in the metric system is the calorie, which is defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius. Heat is now known to be equivalent to energy, for which the SI unit is the joule; one BTU is about 1055 joules. While units of heat are often supplanted by energy units in scientific work, they are still important in many fields. As examples, in the United States the price of natural gas is quoted in dollars per million BTUs.'. Question: 'who won the german invasion of the soviet union'. | False |
Bionico, ingredient, Condensed milk
What is sentence that verbalizes this data? | Condensed milk is used in bionico. |
Sentence 1: On the main coast road east out of Ocho Rios is Prosect Plantation, which offers tours by jitney and horse trails through crops of coffee, bananas, plantains, and sugar cane.
Sentence 2: Prosect Plantation offers bus tours through the sugar cane fields.
Is this second sentence entailed by the first?
Answer: no
Sentence 1: and i wasn't there at supper time or bed time or they couldn't tell me what went on at school because they'd be coming in the door i'd be going out
Sentence 2: It was difficult not being around a lot and getting to hear what went on at school.
Is this second sentence entailed by the first?
Answer: it is not possible to tell
Sentence 1: Great reviews for Memphis soul-blues singer and guitarist Cray's 11 th A sheer blast of rocking good times (Amy Linden, People ). It may not break any new ground, but it nevertheless impresses the critics--Joe Rosenthal of Rolling Stone writes that it is a slow-burning soul record--and one of the most focused album's of Cray's 25 year career.
Sentence 2: Cray's newest album gets excellent reviews.
Is this second sentence entailed by the first?
Answer: | yes |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you will be given text in English. You need to translate the text into the Sinhali language.
Sinoatrial node is located at the right atrium (at the right upper chamber of the heart). Near the connecting part of the upper respiratory tract.
| සයිනො - හෘත්කර්ණික ගැටය පිහිටියේ දකුණු කර්ණිකාවේ ඉහළ පෙදෙසේ උත්තර මහා ශිරාව සම්බන්ධවන සන්ධිය ආසන්නයේ ය. |
Frederick Ferdinand of Anhalt-Köthen (25 June 1769, Pless – 23 August 1830, Köthen) was a German prince, Ascanian ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Pless and, from 1818, of the duchy of Anhalt-Köthen. He was the second son of Frederick Erdmann, Prince of Anhalt-Pless, and his wife, Louise Ferdinande, daughter of Henry Ernest, Count of Stolberg-Wernigerode.
Choose your answer: based on the paragraph above can we conclude that "Frederick Ferdinand was the duchy of Anhalt-Pless"?
pick from the following.
--Yes.
--It's impossible to say.
--No.
I think the answer is | No |
Read this and answer the question
Since it was quite easy to stack interconnections (wires) inside the embedding matrix, the approach allowed designers to forget completely about the routing of wires (usually a time-consuming operation of PCB design): Anywhere the designer needs a connection, the machine will draw a wire in straight line from one location/pin to another. This led to very short design times (no complex algorithms to use even for high density designs) as well as reduced crosstalk (which is worse when wires run parallel to each other—which almost never happens in Multiwire), though the cost is too high to compete with cheaper PCB technologies when large quantities are needed.
Along with quick design times, what problem does Multiwire cut down on? | crosstalk |
DIALOG:
What were the critical receptions of J. R. R. Tolkien?
- The New York Times" reviewer Judith Shulevitz criticized the "pedantry" of Tolkien's literary style, saying that he "formulated a high-minded belief in the importance of his mission as a literary preservationist, which turns out to be death to literature itself." Critic Richard Jenkyns, writing in "The New Republic", criticized a perceived lack of psychological depth.
- What did others criticize him for?
- Both the characters and the work itself are, according to Jenkyns, "anemic, and lacking in fiber." Even within Tolkien's literary group, The Inklings, reviews were mixed.
- Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?
- Hugo Dyson complained loudly at its readings, and Christopher Tolkien records Dyson as "lying on the couch, and lolling and shouting and saying, 'Oh God, no more Elves.'" However, another Inkling, C. S. Lewis, had very different feelings, writing, " here are beauties which pierce like swords or burn like cold iron.
- Did any of his work win awards?
-
Next turn: " Despite these reviews and its lack of paperback printing until the 1960s, "The Lord of the Rings" initially sold well in hardback.
Problem: What could be the response? DIALOG:
What is The Very Best Of?
- The Very Best of Jimmy Somerville, Bronski Beat and The Communards The Very Best of Jimmy Somerville, Bronski Beat and The Communards is a compilation album covering Jimmy Somerville's career in Bronski Beat, The Communards and as a solo artist.
- Did it do well?
- It was released in 2001 and reached number 29 in the UK Albums Chart.
- Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?
- The album features mostly the same tracks, although in a different order, to the 1990 compilation "The Singles Collection 1984/1990".
- Why did it do well?
- Only one track from that album, "Run from Love", isn't featured on "The Very Best" and is replaced with the newer track "Hurt So Good".
- What is the most interesting part of the article, to you?
- Although Bronski Beat had three UK top 40 hits after Sommerville's departure ("Hit That Perfect Beat", "C'mon C'mon" and "Cha Cha Heels") they are not included on the compilation as it is intended as a retrospective of Somerville's career.
- Is there anything else that is important?
-
A: Adapted from AllMusic.
QUESTION: Write another turn of this conversation. DIALOG:
What is the Shroud of Devour in relation to Mordin Solus?
- If the player has not already chosen to notify him of it, Mordin will notice salarian sabotage in the Shroud, designed to stop any cure being distributed through it.
- What happens next?
- Depending on the player's choices thus far, they can choose between: letting Mordin go up to fix the sabotage and cure the genophage, at the cost of his life; shooting Mordin to prevent the genophage being cured (while giving the illusion that it was), ensuring salarian support; or convincing Mordin that now is not the right time to cure the genophage, causing him to back down and go into hiding (to fake his death and thus fake the dispersing of the cure).
- Does Mordin survive?
- If Mordin survives the game, he will available to talk via holocommunication before the final mission.
- What happens if he doesn't?
- If a save is imported where Mordin died during the Suicide Mission, his role in the game will be replaced by another salarian named Padok Wiks.
- Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?
-
ANS: The ninth issue of the "Foundation" comic series, published March 2014, focuses on Mordin's creation of the modified genophage prior to the games' events.
question: Write a response. DIALOG:
What is known about moca?
-
response: Moca Moca or MOCA may refer to:
Q: See the conversation. DIALOG:
What is meant by The Sane Society?
- In "The Sane Society" (1955), Fromm wrote ""An unhealthy society is one which creates mutual hostility [and] distrust, which transforms man into an instrument of use and exploitation for others, which deprives him of a sense of self, except inasmuch as he submits to others or becomes an automaton"..."Yet many psychiatrists and psychologists refuse to entertain the idea that society as a whole may be lacking in sanity.
- Why do they refuse to entertain the idea?
-
****
Next: They hold that the problem of mental health in a society is only that of the number of 'unadjusted' individuals, and not of a possible unadjustment of the culture itself".
QUESTION: Write another turn of this conversation. DIALOG:
What was the Orient match of 1974-75 in English football?
- Football hooliganism was rife at the Orient match, with reports of clashes between United supporters, "smashed subway trains" and fighting in the ground.
- Was Carlisle United a successful team?
- 24 August 1974: Carlisle United move to the top of the league after winning their first three games in the First Division.
- Did other teams experience success?
- In the Second Division, Old Trafford hosts its first Second Division game in 36 years as Manchester United beat Millwall 4–0, with Gerry Daly scoring a hat-trick and Stuart Pearson scoring the other goal.
- Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?
- 31 August 1974: At the end of August, champions Liverpool have gained the lead of the First Division under new manager Bob Paisley, one point ahead of Ipswich Town, Everton and Manchester City, whose 2–1 defeat of Leeds United leaves the champions just one point off the bottom.
- Who was the manager of Leeds United?
- 12 September 1974: Brian Clough is sacked after 44 days and six league matches in charge of Leeds United, who have won just once in the league and stand 19th of 22 clubs in the First Division.
- What happened when he was sacked?
-
ANS: | He receives a pay-off in the region of £98,000. 14 September 1974: Leeds United lose 2–1 to Burnley in their first match after the departure of Brian Clough. |
Given the following passage "As of 2003[update] the average price to rent an average apartment in Bern was 1108.92 Swiss francs (CHF) per month (US$890, £500, €710 approx. exchange rate from 2003). The average rate for a one-room apartment was 619.82 CHF (US$500, £280, €400), a two-room apartment was about 879.36 CHF (US$700, £400, €560), a three-room apartment was about 1040.54 CHF (US$830, £470, €670) and a six or more room apartment cost an average of 2094.80 CHF (US$1680, £940, €1340). The average apartment price in Bern was 99.4% of the national average of 1116 CHF. The vacancy rate for the municipality, in 2010[update], was 0.45%.", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: How much is the average Bern apartment in USD?
Ans: US$890
Given the following passage "Many television shows and films have been produced which portray in-character professional wrestlers as protagonists, such as Ready to Rumble, ¡Mucha Lucha!, Nacho Libre, and the Santo film series. In the wildly popular Rocky series of films about the fictional boxer Rocky Balboa, Rocky III saw its hero fighting a "boxer vs. wrestler" exhibition match against the enormous and villainous wrestler "Thunderlips", portrayed by real-life soon-to-be wrestling icon Hulk Hogan. At least two stage plays set in the world of pro wrestling have been produced: The Baron is a comedy that retells the life of an actual performer known as Baron von Raschke. From Parts Unknown... is an award-nominated Canadian drama about the rise and fall of a fictional wrestler. The 2009 South Park episode "W.T.F." played on the soap operatic elements of professional wrestling. One of the lead characters on the Disney Channel series Kim Possible was a huge fan of pro wrestling and actually featured it on an episode (with two former WWE wrestlers voicing the two fictitious wrestlers featured in the episode). The 2008 film The Wrestler, about a washed-up professional wrestler, garnered several Oscar nominations.", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: What kind of person was Hulk Hogan in Rocky III?
Ans: enormous and villainous
Given the following passage "In some languages, such as English, aspiration is allophonic. Stops are distinguished primarily by voicing, and voiceless stops are sometimes aspirated, while voiced stops are usually unaspirated.", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: What causes the break between words
Ans: aspiration
Given the following passage "Vinaya is the specific moral code for monks and nuns. It includes the Patimokkha, a set of 227 rules for monks in the Theravadin recension. The precise content of the vinayapitaka (scriptures on Vinaya) differs slightly according to different schools, and different schools or subschools set different standards for the degree of adherence to Vinaya. Novice-monks use the ten precepts, which are the basic precepts for monastics.", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: What do the new monks learn?
| Ans: ten precepts |
Sergeant Holmes asked the girls to describe the intruder . Nancy not only provided the policeman with an excellent description of the heavyset thirty-year-old prowler, but drew a rough sketch of *his* face.
Do "Sergeant Holmes" and "his" have the same meaning? | no |
The head was weaving through the crowd and couldn't be missed. The
OPTIONS:
- head was bald.
- crowd was bald.
head was bald.
Ben was contemplating on shaving his head bald or getting a perm. Since he wanted to look like an egg, he got the
OPTIONS:
- perm .
- bald .
bald .
Blogging is more simple for Neil than it is for Robert due to
OPTIONS:
- Neil being an inefficient blogger.
- Robert being an inefficient blogger.
| Robert being an inefficient blogger. |
Determine the topic of the passage. "Protection policies – designed to provide a benefit in the event of specified event, typically a lump sum payment." Topic:
Ans: Life insurance
Determine the topic of the passage. "The relationship between percentage changes and basis points can be summarized as follows: 1 percentage point change = 100 basis points, and 0.01 percentage points = 1 basis point." Topic:
Ans: Basis point
Determine the topic of the passage. "The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain and became the first states in the Union." Topic:
Ans: Flag of the United States
Determine the topic of the passage. "According to the South Carolina Department of Corrections , Smith will be eligible for parole on November 4, 2024, after serving a minimum of thirty years." Topic:
| Ans: Susan Smith |
In this task you will be given an answer to a question. You need to generate a question. The answer given should be a correct answer for the generated question.
Example Input: Bumblebee is a fictional character from the Transformers franchise. In most incarnations, Bumblebee is a small, yellow (with black stripes) Autobot with most of his alternative vehicle modes inspired by several generations of the Chevrolet American muscle cars (with the live-action film versions being very real Camaros: the original vehicle mode was based on a classic European Type 1 Volkswagen Beetle). The characters and related events are described, below, using in-universe tone. He is named after a genus of bee which inspired his paint scheme.
Example Output: what type of car is bumblebee in transformers 1
Example Input: The International System of Units (SI) defines seven units of measure as a basic set from which all other SI units can be derived. The SI base units and their physical quantities are the metre for measurement of length, the kilogram for mass, the second for time, the ampere for electric current, the kelvin for temperature, the candela for luminous intensity, and the mole for amount of substance.
Example Output: what are all units of the si based on
Example Input: The first direct elections for native Kenyans to the Legislative Council took place in 1957. Despite British hopes of handing power to 'moderate' local rivals, it was the Kenya African National Union (KANU) of Jomo Kenyatta that formed a government. The Colony of Kenya and the Protectorate of Kenya each came to an end on 12 December 1963 with independence being conferred on all of Kenya. The United Kingdom ceded sovereignty over the Colony of Kenya. The Sultan of Zanzibar agreed that simultaneous with independence for the Colony of Kenya, the Sultan would cease to have sovereignty over the Protectorate of Kenya so that all of Kenya would be one sovereign, independent state. In this way, Kenya became an independent country under the Kenya Independence Act 1963 of the United Kingdom. Exactly 12 months later on 12 December 1964, Kenya became a republic under the name 'Republic of Kenya'.
Example Output: | when did the country of kenya come into existence
|
Detailed Instructions: You are given a sentence in English. Your job is to translate the English sentence into Japanese.
Problem:And they use a red hot iron needle to make a hole through the muzzle.
Solution: | 熱した鉄の針で鼻面を貫かれ穴が開けられます |
This is some data: A Glastonbury Romance PUBLISHER The Bodley Head.
Generate a detailed description of this data | A Glastonbuy Romance is published by The Bodley Head. |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you are given a second sentence. Your task is to generate the first sentence on the same topic but incoherent and inconsistent with the second sentence.
However , these factors alone are not considered to explain the Great Depression 's booming condom industry .
| The elimination of moral and legal barriers , and the introduction of condom programs by the U.S. government helped condom sales . |
In this task, you are given a question. You have to answer the question based on your information.
Boss Bailey is the brother of the NFL player who played college ball for which team? | Georgia |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task you will be given a question and a passage. You need to determine if the answer to the question is contained in the passage. If the answer can be found in the passage you should output 'True'. If the answer cannot be found in the passage you should output 'False'.
Passage: 'Memorial Day or Decoration Day is a federal holiday in the United States for remembering the people who died while serving in the country's armed forces. The holiday, which is currently observed every year on the last Monday of May, was held on May 29, 2017. The holiday was held on May 30 from 1868 to 1970. It marks the start of the unofficial summer vacation season, while Labor Day marks its end. The holiday, from latest to earliest, is slightly more likely to fall on May 30, May 28 or May 25 (58 in 400 years each) than on May 27 or May 26 (57), and slightly less likely to occur on May 31 or May 29 (56).'. Question: 'how many memorial days are in a year'.
| True |
For this chain-of-thought reasoning and answer, what was the question?
The average age of a US third grader is 8. Guitar Hero is recommended for ages 7 and up. The Beatles were a British rock band with a plethora of radio friendly hits.
A: no | Q: Is Guitar Hero Beatles inappropriate for a US third grader? |
TASK DEFINITION: In this task you will be given a question and a passage. You need to determine if the answer to the question is contained in the passage. If the answer can be found in the passage you should output 'True'. If the answer cannot be found in the passage you should output 'False'.
PROBLEM: Passage: 'Those who hold for the importance of apostolic succession via episcopal laying on of hands appeal to the New Testament, which, they say, implies a personal apostolic succession (from Paul to Timothy and Titus, for example). They appeal as well to other documents of the early Church, especially the Epistle of Clement. In this context, Clement explicitly states that the apostles appointed bishops as successors and directed that these bishops should in turn appoint their own successors; given this, such leaders of the Church were not to be removed without cause and not in this way. Further, proponents of the necessity of the personal apostolic succession of bishops within the Church point to the universal practice of the undivided early Church (up to AD 431), before being divided into the Church of the East, Oriental Orthodoxy, the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church. Christians of the Roman Catholic, Orthodox, Old Catholic, Anglican, Moravian, and Scandinavian Lutheran traditions maintain that 'a bishop cannot have regular or valid orders unless he has been consecrated in this apostolic succession.' Each of these groups does not necessarily consider consecration of the other groups as valid.'. Question: 'where in the bible does it talk about apostolic succession'.
SOLUTION: True
PROBLEM: Passage: ''I Want You (She's So Heavy)' is a song by the Beatles, written by John Lennon (credited to Lennon -- McCartney). The song closes side one on the Beatles' 1969 album Abbey Road. This song is an unusual Beatles composition for a variety of reasons, namely its length (nearly eight minutes), few lyrics (the title makes up most of the lyrics, aside from two more phrases; only 14 different words are sung), a three-minute descent through repeated guitar chords (a similar arpeggiated figure appears in another Lennon contribution to the album, 'Because'), and abrupt ending. It was the first song recorded for the Abbey Road album but one of the last songs to be finished, on 20 August 1969, the last time all four Beatles were together in the studio.'. Question: 'the beatles i want you she's so heavy abbey road'.
SOLUTION: True
PROBLEM: Passage: 'Hebrew (/ ˈhiːbruː /; עִבְרִית, Ivrit (ivˈʁit) (listen) or (ʕivˈɾit) (listen)) is a Northwest Semitic language native to Israel, spoken by over 9 million people worldwide. Historically, it is regarded as the language of the Israelites and their ancestors, although the language was not referred to by the name Hebrew in the Tanakh. The earliest examples of written Paleo-Hebrew date from the 10th century BCE. Hebrew belongs to the West Semitic branch of the Afroasiatic language family. Hebrew is the only living Canaanite language left, and the only truly successful example of a revived dead language.'. Question: 'hebrew is an example of a language from the language family'.
SOLUTION: | True
|
Balthazar is a popular french restaurant located where?
Options:
- wine
- manhattan
- underwater
- quebec
- montreal
Please answer and provide answer explanation. | Balthazar was established by Keith McNally in Manhattan in 1997. The final answer: manhattan. |
This is a test of commonsense with single/multi-choices. Complete the next sentence:
How to cook potatoes in a pressure cooker
Insert the steamer insert.
Follow your pressure cooker manual for using the steamer insert.
Add potatoes to the pressure cooker.
[1]. Again, follow this same instructions on how you cook your potatoes, this refers to how thick they will be : 1 lb. ( 454 g) of potatoes is about the right amount for an average pressure cooker.
[2]. This should come with the recipe, so be sure to look it over! Ensure your pressure cooker is full before beginning the next step. Turn on the pressure cooker and allow the pressure cooker to bring the pressure down a bit.
[3]. Add the amount of water called for in your pressure cooker manual. The mirro booklet says to add 4 cups water to the pressure cooker.
[4]. As with all steam cooking methods, use only as many potatoes as you want to cook. You can use 2 tbsp at first and then add more for 1 minute at a time until all potatoes have been added.
The answer is: | [3]. |
Is "Expansions were expected in September 2013, but yet again are mainly Thai and other Asian-based airlines according to Eleven Media Group's Eleven, "Thailand-based Nok Air and Business Airlines and Singapore-based Tiger Airline"." a good answer to the question "Has the travel industry considered making changes to fight plans for Myanmar ?" | no |
Come up with a question and reasoning that would justify this answer: Besides their flagship lemonade , Mike 's offers a variety of permanent and seasonal flavors including Black Cherry , Strawberry , Watermelon , and many more . | The question is: Mike's is offered in a variety of formats in both bottles and cans: singles, 6-packs, and multi-packs. All flavors and formats are 5 % ABV, or 3.2 % ABV where required by law, and have been crafted to remove gluten. Besides their flagship lemonade, Mike's offers a variety of permanent and seasonal flavors including Black Cherry, Strawberry, Watermelon, and many more.
Answer this question based on the passage: what are the different kinds of mike's hard lemonade?
Step-by-step reasoning process: This is the relevant information: Besides their flagship lemonade, Mike's offers a variety of permanent and seasonal flavors including Black Cherry, Strawberry, Watermelon, and many more.
|
Q: Given a passage and a query based on the passage, generate an unambiguous, concise and simple answer to the query from information in the passage. Note that the answer may not be present in exact form.
There could be any number of reasons. The money has to come from the seller’s or originator’s account before it can be sent to you. This can take several business days. Also, the refund will be made to the original payment source. Was that your de... Re: How long will my refund take to clear? If you funded the original paypal payment to the seller with a debit or credit card then it won't go back to your paypal balance. Once marked as completed it will automatically go back to your bank account or credit card but takes up to a week to process through to the bank and a bit longer for a c.c. Can you reopen a claim if it has been 17 aug 2017 how long does refund take to appear on my credit debit statement? Refunds paypal are instant and the funds instantly removed from will receive an email confirmation when your nike is processed. Refund? Paypal Paypal on the web it deposit my refund prepaid faq shopify payments center. How do i make a payment? Can pay online with 2 may 2012 as soon am refunded my money, plan to close the account. How long would it take for the refunded money to a paypal solved i'm not seeing my refund yet. I cannot take the money out do i have to pay rent with my which there could be any number of reasons. The money has to come from the seller's or originator's account before it can be sent you. Re: How long will my refund take to clear? I paid on a clothing website via PayPal they refunded me for an item it will say complete on your PayPal account but it won't clear for at least 2 too 3 days it's super annoying but I've had the same problem so wanted to share! There could be any number of reasons. The money has to come from the seller’s or originator’s account before it can be sent to you. This can take several business days. Also, the refund will be made to the original payment source. Was that your debit card? If there’s a problem with refunding it to your card, then it will be credited to your PayPal account. To know for sure, log in to your PayPal account and check the status: Here’s how to view the latest status: 1 Log in to your PayPal account. 2 Click Activity at the top of the page. 3 Click Advanced search to see the dropdown menu. 4 Select Refunds. 5 If needed, select the desired date range to see your refund. 6 Click the refunded transaction to view the details. This can please contact your card issuer or paypal if you do not receive refund within 30 so it may take up to days for the funds appear back in account 2122 jan 2017 this regard, does have a buyer protection scheme but doesn't internet and read through reviews of same goods what $100. How long will my refund take to clear? I bought an item on eBay and paid for it then the seller advised me it was faulty so they have refunded me. This shows in .y PayPal history but not in my balance or in my bank account. How long does it take paypal to refund a payment? I've recently placed an order using paypal with my checking account and noticed The recipient of this payment is Unregistered at the transaction details.After seeing this I canceled the payment and was wondering how long it would take paypal to refund my money. Moving on, the refund will take as long as it take for the original payment to clear your bank. A payment through PayPal takes 3-4 business days to clear your bank account. Essentially 3-4 business days after the orignal transaction date, the funds will appear in your PayPal balance. Query: how long do paypal payment refunds take
A: | Paypal payment refund takes a week if payment made by a debit card or credit card. |
It has become increasingly common for academics to use social media to communicate with wider audiences. Twitter, like many other social platforms, typically measures success in terms of numbers of followers, likes and retweets, but this only tells us something about the spreading of messages but not necessarily whether the content of the messages is understood or embraced. One way to ascertain this is through network and language analysis, which, used together, can tell us how effective the communication is. Economists tweet less, mention fewer people and have fewer conversations with strangers than a comparable group of experts in the sciences, and use less accessible language with words that are more complex, with more abbreviations and with a more distant tone. Their tweets are less personal and less inclusive than those used by scientists. This is what appeared in April 2017 when we gathered data on tens of thousands of tweets from the Twitter accounts of both the top 25 economists and 25 scientists as identified by IDEAS and Science, including the top three economists at the time, Paul Krugman, Joseph Stiglitz, and Erik Brynjolfsson and, on the other side, the top three scientists, Neil deGrasse Tyson, Brian Cox, and Richard Dawkins. At that time those accounts covered roughly two thirds of all the following. The timing is significant because 2016 has been declared the year of post-truth politics, the year in which appeals to emotions (pathos) superseded the significance of factual evidence-based information (logos), affecting people’s constructions and interpretations of events. This has been accompanied by the growing prominence of political “alt” movements (e.g. UKIP, the Alt-right) and their aggressive, provocative, and populist narratives, and “fake news” leading to political shock events such as Brexit and the Trump election. The relatively low traction of economists in these public debates has been and continues to be an important issue. Does the public not trust economists? Don’t they understand... The analysis lasted Pick the correct answer from the following options: - couple hours - not enough information - few years - couple days
few years
(Question)
SHE moved through the crowded streets like she owned the place. Hell, if things went as planned in the coming months, she might in fact own the place. Or some other place if that's what she wanted. If things went as planned, there was no limit to what she could have. She smiled to herself as a crowd of sunburned, middle-aged men broke ranks to let her pass on her way toward Mallory Square. They had no idea who she was, but she liked to think that they could sense her strength and that it intimidated them. Not enough to stop them from staring openly at her chest of course, but what did she expect? They were still men. Duval Street, Key West's main tourist drag, buzzed with early evening activity. The sun had set less than an hour ago, and the throngs moving up from the nightly sunset ritual in Mallory Square now wandered about, trying to choose between the dozens of bars and restaurants vying for their attention. She moved against the general flow and seemed to know exactly where she was going. She knew these streets well and had planned out her route ahead of time. But something bothered her. That nagging feeling in the back of her brain that she'd long ago learned to heed even though it was wrong as often as it was right. You couldn't survive in her world without learning to pay attention to such feelings, and she'd more than survived - she'd prospered beyond the dreams of any young hacker or con artist. Heeding the subliminal warning, she changed plans and stepped out into the crawling Duval Street traffic. A purple taxi honked angrily but she just smiled as she strode across the street and stared intently at a display of cheap, tasteless T-shirts in a storefront window. Why she changed her plan? Pick the correct answer from the following options: - She spotted a taxi. - The streets were too crowded with pedestrians. - She felt something wasn't right. - not enough information
(Answer)
She felt something wasn't right.
Question: Oh dear. Another tale of woe from me… When I met my ex, I was in foster care. I was a very confused 17 year old, and she took an interest in me, and we would talk about all my problems with my own family, and everything that was going wrong with me. I even ‘came out’ to her at one point. We spent a lot of time together and gradually, I thought I might not be gay after all, as I had feelings of love for her. Eventually, we started dating and I tried to suppress my gay feelings. Eventually, I proposed. We were engaged for just over a year and I got married at the age of 19. I have to admit, when the wedding plans got firmed up and much closer to the date, I started to feel that I was in fact still gay but so much money had already been spent, and plans made that I was too afraid to pull out. Don’t get me wrong, I still love my ex wife a heck of a lot, but as my very best friend. I hate to use the phrase, but with everything that has gone on with me the last few years, she has been ‘my rock’. We separated after about 8 years, when our daughter was 7 years old, and I told her why. I just couldn’t go on living the lie. I hate myself for doing it to her. Selfishly, I wouldn’t change things though, as I have my daughter and I love her, and I love being a parent. We had ‘Unexpected Song’ played as she walked down the aisle at the church; the lyrics really summed up how we felt about each other and how we had gotten together… Unexpected Song Michael Crawford YouTube. The author wanted to believe: Pick the correct answer from the following options: - That if he got married he wouldn't be gay. - not enough information - That maybe he was just confused about being gay - That he wasn't gay because he loved a woman
Answer: | That he wasn't gay because he loved a woman |
Q: You are given a sentence and a question. You're expected to write the correct answer based on the sentence.
Sentence: Two cars are going to race each other. One driver puts just enough fuel into his car's tank to get through the race in order to keep the weight of his car low. The other driver fills his car's tank completely, which makes the car more heavy. Question: Which car will get up to full speed more quickly at the start of the race?
A: | car with nearly empty fuel tank |
How to diagnose a frozen shoulder
Check for stiffness and pain in the shoulder.
The first stage of frozen shoulder is the " freezing " phase. In this phase, you will experience stiffness and pain in your shoulder that builds up over time, usually 2-9 months.
The onset of pain is slow and gradual and localizes near the deltoid insertion. Most people describe it as achy, but it can become sharp when the affected shoulder reaches its extreme range of motion.
The boy in green zooms out to the side. The boy moves to the side of the boat and then flips over the second skier. the boy
leans back on his board and flips back over the other skier.
A man in a red shirt is sitting at an exercise bike. He is moving his legs on the pedals. there
are other bikes next to him.
How to check dns settings
Swipe in from the right side of your windows 8 device to access the " start " screen.
If you're using a mouse, point to the lower left corner of your session to access the " start " screen.
Type " control panel " into the search field and select the option after it displays in the search results.
| Click on " view network status and tasks " below the network and internet section. A list of all your active networks will display. |
IN: What happens next?
How to calculate the circumference of a circle
Write down the formula for finding the circumference of a circle using the diameter.
The formula is simply this :. In this equation, " c " represents the circumference of the circle, and " d " represents its diameter.
OUT: That is to say, you can find the circumference of a circle just by multiplying the diameter by pi. Plugging π into your calculator will give you its numerical value, which is a closer approximation of 3.14 or 22/7.
IN: What happens next?
How to measure trampoline springs
Wear gloves and safety goggles to protect yourself.
The springs on the trampoline can be rough on your bare hands, especially if there are no protective coverings on the hook ends of the springs. Wear gardening gloves or thick work gloves to protect your hands.
OUT: Get safety goggles so your eyes are protected in the event the spring flies in your face. Unhook the first spring from the trampoline with flat-head pliers.
IN: What happens next?
How to install and use ad aware for spyware removal
In your internet browser, go to the ad-aware spyware removal software.
When the page loads, scroll down a bit and click on the name of the site you want to download from.
They are all good sites, but wikihow recommend choosing download.com for ease of use.
OUT: | When the download.com page loads, click on the green " download now " button or the link next to it. After you click, a new page will load which informs you that your download will begin soon. |
** Newspaper is a printed publication consisting of folded unstapled sheets and containing news, articles, advertisements and correspondence. I might find information on current events in print form in newspaper.
newspaper
** Where might I find information on current events in print form?
Options:
- internet
- car
- television
- book
- newspaper
Detailed logic: Reproducing relates to birth. Reproducing begins and ends with giving birth to new life.
birth
Question for this logic: There's a lot to reproducing, but it begins and end with new life by giving what?
Options:
- overpopulation
- birth
- presents
- propagation
- fun
Logic ==> Inevitable things are death end. taxes are death end as per old saying.
death and
Question ==> The old saying is that taxes are inevitable, and also what?
Options:
- discount
- death and
- refund
- free money
- spend
** Fairgrounds have many food stalls and food stalls have variety of fried food. Most food stalls in fairgounds doesn't have sitting space so have fried foods on a stick so that poeple can eat by standing also.
fairgrounds
** Where would you eat lots of fried foods on a stick?
Options:
- friend's house
- kitchen
- space shuttle
- school
- fairgrounds
Detailed logic: The large house have many rooms. The drawing room was one of fifty rooms.
large house
Question for this logic: The drawing room was one of fifty rooms, where was it located?
Options:
- kid's house
- studio
- large house
- house in england
- mansion
** Taking notes means to write down the important points. During a lecture one should write down the important points.
take notes
** | While attending a lecture what should be done in the auditorium?
Options:
- take notes
- listening
- fall asleep
- falling asleep
- learning |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you will be presented with a passage, and you need to write an **implausible** answer to to fill in the place of "_". Your answer should be incorrect, but should not be out of context. Try using words that are related to the context of the passage, but are not the correct answer. Even though there exist multiple wrong answers, we only need a single wrong answer.
Former U.S. presidents cost taxpayers more than $879,000 per year in pensions, personnel, benefits, travel and office expenses, and Bill Clinton's cumulative near-$16 million total is bringing him new scrutiny as his wife makes the case for a White House run of her own. Daily Mail Online reported Clinton's take in 2014, amounting to slightly less than $1.14 million per year, based on a paper from the nonpartisan Congressional Research Service (CRS). That amount is still less than George W. Bush's $1.18 million annual haul. But since Clinton has had an eight-year head start, his overall benefits are the highest by far, totalling $15,938,000 since he left the White House in January 2001.The Former Presdients Act provides pensions and office expenses for Clinton, both Bushes and Jimmy CarterA 2014 Congressional Research Service report described the payments, pegging Clinton's total at $15.9 million, an average of $1.14 million per yearHe has an 8-year head start on George W. Bush, who nevertheless collects the most each year – an average of $1.18 millionSome of the Clinton payouts are subsidizing staff who work at his family foundation, now closely tied to his wife HillaryClinton spokesman insists the infamous private email server in the power-couple's home was paid for out of Bill Clinton's pocket
Question:ART SUBSIDY: _ has taken up painting in his post-presidency, and taxpayers are buying the brushes and canvases.
| U.S. |
Determine the topic of the passage. "Pain and suffering is the legal term for the physical and emotional stress caused from an injury (see also pain and suffering )." Topic:
| Pain and suffering |
In this task, you are given a sentence and question which can be answered using the sentence. Your task is to answer the question using the information from the sentence. The answer to the question is unique and it is a continuous text span from the sentence.
Example Input: Sentence: Official retirement took place at Fort Knox , on 17 October 1992 .
Question: when did something take?
Example Output: on 17 October 1992
Example Input: Sentence: Latif said he traveled from Yemen to Pakistan in August 2001 to seek medical treatment , while the U.S. government alleged he went there to receive military training from affiliates of al Qaeda .
Question: what might someone have received something from?
Example Output: affiliates of al Qaeda
Example Input: Sentence: If neither contestant has been eliminated before time runs out in round three , the contestant with the higher score is declared the champion , adds their opponent 's score to their own , and their opponent is dropped .
Question: when may someone be eliminated?
Example Output: | before time runs out in round three
|
Teacher:In this task, you are given a passage and a question regarding that passage. You must determine whether or not the question is answerable from the given passage. If a question is answerable, output should be 'True', otherwise 'False'. You must not consider any other information that is not provided in the passage while labelling True or False.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Passage: Gamma delta T cells (γδ T cells) possess an alternative T cell receptor (TCR) as opposed to CD4+ and CD8+ (αβ) T cells and share the characteristics of helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells and NK cells. The conditions that produce responses from γδ T cells are not fully understood. Like other 'unconventional' T cell subsets bearing invariant TCRs, such as CD1d-restricted Natural Killer T cells, γδ T cells straddle the border between innate and adaptive immunity. On one hand, γδ T cells are a component of adaptive immunity as they rearrange TCR genes to produce receptor diversity and can also develop a memory phenotype. On the other hand, the various subsets are also part of the innate immune system, as restricted TCR or NK receptors may be used as pattern recognition receptors. For example, large numbers of human Vγ9/Vδ2 T cells respond within hours to common molecules produced by microbes, and highly restricted Vδ1+ T cells in epithelia respond to stressed epithelial cells. Question: What type of T cells help with both innnate and adaptive immunity?
Student: | True |
A mailbox provider is an organization that provides services for hosting electronic mail domains with access to storage for mail boxes. It provides email servers to send, receive, accept, and store email for end users or other organizations.
If it is possible to answer this question, answer it for me (else, reply "unanswerable"): What is a mailbox provider?
Ah, so.. an organization that provides services for hosting electronic mail domains with access to storage for mail boxes
Until the 1980s, the governor of the Federal District was appointed by the Federal Government, and the laws of Brasília were issued by the Brazilian Federal Senate. With the Constitution of 1988 Brasília gained the right to elect its Governor, and a District Assembly (Câmara Legislativa) was elected to exercise legislative power. The Federal District does not have a Judicial Power of its own. The Judicial Power which serves the Federal District also serves federal territories. Currently, Brazil does not have any territories, therefore, for now the courts serve only cases from the Federal District.
If it is possible to answer this question, answer it for me (else, reply "unanswerable"): What does the Federal Government not have?
Ah, so.. unanswerable
The percentage of students attending a Gesamtschule varies by Bundesland. In the State of Brandenburg more than 50% of all students attended a Gesamtschule in 2007, while in the State of Bavaria less than 1% did.
If it is possible to answer this question, answer it for me (else, reply "unanswerable"): What percentage of Brandenburg teachers went to a Gesamtschule in 2007?
Ah, so.. | unanswerable |
Accra, Ghana (CNN) -- Thousands of mourners gathered Friday in the West African nation of Ghana to pay their respects to the late President John Atta Mills, as his funeral was held in the capital, Accra. Mills died last month at age 68, prompting outpourings of grief from many Ghanaians. Ghanaians from all walks of life, many dressed in the traditional black and red of mourning, thronged Independence Square in Accra to witness the ceremony, in a show of national unity. U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton was among the many foreign dignitaries who traveled to Ghana for the funeral.
Giant screens were set up around the country for those who could not travel to
OPTIONS:
- Accra to watch the ceremony.
- CNN to watch the ceremony.
- Ghana to watch the ceremony.
- Ghanaians to watch the ceremony.
- Hillary Clinton to watch the ceremony.
- Independence Square to watch the ceremony.
- John Atta Mills to watch the ceremony.
- John Dramani Mahama to watch the ceremony.
- Mills to watch the ceremony.
- Osu Castle to watch the ceremony.
- U.S. to watch the ceremony.
- West African to watch the ceremony.
| Accra to watch the ceremony. |
How would the universe look without gravity? It would have no planets and no stars. Thats how it looked when it was young. When the universe was young, there was only gas and dust. From this gas and dust, everything we now see was made. How were stars and planets created from just gas and dust? The answer is gravity. The same gravity that holds you down on Earth. The same force that causes your pencil to roll off your desk. The same force that causes it to fall to the floor. The invisible force of gravity caused dust and gas particles to be pulled together. This force is what formed all the objects in our solar system. This force formed the smallest moons. It also formed our Sun. This force caused more than just our solar system to form. It caused all the other solar systems to form. It caused the formation of all the galaxies of the universe.
After reading the above, is "Stars, planets and galxies" the correct answer to the question "What has gravity formed in our universe?"?
Possible answers:
a). no
b). yes | b). |
Given a passage and a query based on the passage, generate an unambiguous, concise and simple answer to the query from information in the passage. Note that the answer may not be present in exact form.
[EX Q]: That would be alot of work, only replace what you need to. Unless it is your sewer line then i would replace it all to the main. I agree with answer # 1. IN ADDITION: Back in the day, cast iron joints were sealed together with hot lead. Depending on the position of the cast iron pipe and the size of it. Either one can cut the cast iron piping and clamp PVC to it or you can melt the old lead out of the cast iron joints and place PVC piping inside and then recork (reseal) it with prattley putty to prevent it from leaking. the flow of water: slow drainage is often the first indication of a problem, and homeowners may find themselves calling the plumber every six months to clear out the pipe. The average lifespan of cast iron drain/sewer pipe is 50 to 65 years. It is easily recognized by the thickened female “hub” at each pipe segment connection. Rust eventually eats through cast iron, primarily from the inside out, as shown in the photo below. Because corrosion is accelerated by moisture, pipe with light effluent flow and installed in a dry environment can survive 20 to 30 years longer. So keep cast iron piping or cast it out? Older cast iron waste pipes should be judged on a case-by-case basis. First hire an experienced home inspector to collect information about the drain waste system’s performance. Ask your home inspector to do a visual inspection of the pipes if possible. If your inspector is any Trenchless Pipe Lining LLC matches that warranty with a 50-year labor warranty since the liner has turned into rock inside the pipe and cannot move, shrink, or be displaced in any way. Interestingly, the hardened pipe liner actually DOES flex a little which allows it to accommodate ground settlement without cracking, unlike clay or cast iron sewer pipes. Re: Cast Iron Drain Pipe - Life Expectancy. I simply put cast-iron and galvanized piping will rust from the inside to the outside and eventually will need updating. If mineral deposits are noted as reported as a leak. Also be aware I have found vent pipes totally rusted out behind the wall. A good quality cast iron pipe, installed under ideal conditions, has a life expectancy of 75 – 100 years, and possibly even more. Cast iron does rust but when it does the rust actually forms a barrier layer over the remainder of the pipe which helps protect it from further rusting. Since most cast iron pipes were thick walled to begin with even with some rusting inside they can handle the lower pressures of waste water disposal quite well and last a long time. Cast iron also provides many other benefits in home waste systems that still makes it a good choice for homes. For all of its good points cast iron does have some problems related to it. One of the problems had to do with the varying quality of the pipe that was manufactured in earlier years. Standards for cast iron pipe have been around since the 1800’s but like anything else they are voluntary standards. Cast Iron and galvanized drain pipe may appear to be in fairly good condition from the outside. When I had some cast iron drain pipe replaced, we found sever... Cast Iron and galvanized drain pipe may appear to be in fairly good condition from the outside. When I had some cast iron drain pipe replaced, we found several potential problems that would have surfaced in the near future. The estimated life expectancy for cast iron drain pipe is 60 years. I couldn't find any good estimates for the life span of galvanized pipe, however, my 2 inch pipe from the kitchen drain was almost rusted closed. What kind of paint for a cast iron drain pipe? If you want to prime it first, latex is fine or oil base by itself. You can probably get by with latex directly on the pipe, but there may be oils or dirt on it that will blee … d through. Query: how long does cast iron drain pipe last
[EX A]: The average lifespan of cast iron drain pipe is 50 to 65 years.
[EX Q]: The Qin dynasty was brief in duration (221-206 BCE) but very important in Chinese history. It followed the Zhou dynasty (1046-256 BCE) and... The Qin dynasty was brief in duration (221-206 BCE) but very important in Chinese history. It followed the Zhou dynasty (1046-256 BCE) and it ended when Liu Bang became the king of Han in 206 BCE (the formal beginning of the Han dynasty). Despite its brevity, the Qin dynasty left important marks on Chinese culture. The imperial era was 221 BC – 1912 AD, from China's unification under Qin rule till the end of the Qing Dynasty, the Republic of China era from 1912, and the modern China era from 1949. Timeline of Chinese History The short-lived Qin Dynasty was the first to unite China as a country under an emperor instead of a ruling clan. A bureaucratic government was introduced, and was continued by the less-extreme Han Dynasty. The Qin Dynasty (221–206 BC) was the first and shortest imperial dynasty in China, famous for great building projects like the Great Wall and the Terracotta Army. Liu Bang, a peasant leader, overthrew the unpopular Qin regime and established the Han Dynasty. Written By: Shang dynasty, Wade-Giles romanization Shang, the first recorded Chinese dynasty for which there is both documentary and archaeological evidence. The Shang dynasty was the reputed successor to the quasi-legendary first dynasty, the Xia (c. 2070–c. 1600 bce). Bronze gu from Anyang, Henan province, China, Shang dynasty (c. 1600–1046 bce); in the William Rockhill Nelson Gallery and Mary Atkins Museum of Fine Arts, Kansas City, Mo. China is one of the world's four ancient civilizations, and the written history of China dates back to the Shang Dynasty (c. 1600–1046 BC), over 3,000 years ago. Pre-1600 BC China is charted mainly by legend and pre-historic evidence. The ancient China era was c. 1600–221 BC. Assorted References. 1 major treatment (in China: The first historical dynasty: the Shang) 2 archaeological discoveries (in Li Chi) (in archaeology: Developments in the 20th century and beyond) 3 Chinese architecture (in Chinese architecture: Neolithic and Shang dynasty (c. 1600–1046 bce)) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search 漢朝 The Han Dynasty ← 206 BC – 220 → → → Han Dynasty in 87 BC Capital Chang'an (202 BC–9 AD) Luoyang (25 AD–190 AD) Language(s) Chinese Religion Taoism, Confucianism Government Monarchy History - Establishment 206 BC - Battle of Gaixia; Han rule of China begins 202 BC - Interruption of ... The Han Dynasty was ruled by the prominent family known as the Liu (劉) clan. The reign of the Han Dynasty, lasting over 400 years, is commonly considered within China to be one of the greatest periods in the history of China. To this day, the ethnic majority of China still refer to themselves as People of the Han.. Hope that helps. 1 The dates given for the founding of the Shang dynasty vary from about 1760 to 1520 bce, and the dates for the dynasty’s fall also vary, from 1122 to 1030 bce. The period of the dynasty’s rule has traditionally been dated 1766–1122 bce. The latter part of the Shang dynasty, from the reign of the Pangeng emperor onward (i.e., c. 1300 bce), has also been called the Yin dynasty. Query: how long ago was the qin dynasty
[EX A]: The Qin Dynasty is from 221 BC to 206 BC.
[EX Q]: Quickly convert Pacific Standard Time (PST) to time in Austin, Texas with this easy-to-use, modern time zone converter. Austin, Texas, Information Known for its casual and playful nature, Austin is the playground of Texas. Situated at the centre of the Lone Star State, it stands as the gateway to the Texas Hill Country and the Highland Lakes. Getting Started. 1 1 Add locations (or remove, set home, order) 2 2 Mouse over hours to convert time at a glance. 3 3 Click hour tiles to schedule and share. + 4 Sign in to save settings - it's FREE! Converting PST to Austin Time This time zone converter lets you visually and very quickly convert PST to Austin, Texas time and vice-versa. Simply mouse over the colored hour-tiles and glance at the hours selected by the column... and done! Austin, TX City of Austin, Capital of Texas, USA . Current time now incTime Zone: America Chicago (USA Central Time) Converting PST to Austin Time. This time zone converter lets you visually and very quickly convert PST to Austin, Texas time and vice-versa. Simply mouse over the colored hour-tiles and glance at the hours selected by the column... and done! PST stands for Pacific Standard Time. Austin, Texas time is 2 hours ahead of PST. Pacific Standard Time (PST) to Austin, Texas ( in Austin) 12 am PST: is : 2 am in Austin: 1 am PST: is : 3 am in Austin: 2 am PST: is : 4 am in Austin: 3 am PST: is : 5 am in Austin: 4 am PST: is : 6 am in Austin: 5 am PST: is : 7 am in Austin: 6 am PST: is : 8 am in Austin: 7 am PST: is : 9 am in Austin: 8 am PST: is : 10 am in Austin: 9 am PST: is : 11 am in Austin: 10 am PST: is : 12 pm in Austin Austin, Texas, Information. Known for its casual and playful nature, Austin is the playground of Texas. Situated at the centre of the Lone Star State, it stands as the gateway to the Texas Hill Country and the Highland Lakes. As the state capital and home to the University of Texas, the city supports a politically charged and culturally rich environment. Blessed with a temperate year-round climate and 300 days of sunshine a year, Austin lives for the outdoors. Nature trails, parks and wilderness preserves create an oasis in the heart of the city. Town Lake bisects the centre of downtown and is bordered by 10 miles of hike-and-bike trails where devoted joggers, walkers and cyclists flock every hour of the day. Austin, Texas, Websites . City of Austin website . Visit Austin website . Austin, Texas, Information . Known for its casual and playful nature, Austin is the playground of Texas. Situated at the centre of the Lone Star State, it stands as the gateway to the Texas Hill Country and the Highland Lakes. Query: austin is what time zone
[EX A]: | Austin is in USA Central Time zone.
|
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you are given a text of many news articles seperated by special token "|||||". Your task is to summarize them.
(CNN) Traveling to a different time zone can be very exciting. You are ready to explore and check items off your bucket list. Jet lag is probably the last thing you want to deal with.
A math model developed by a group of researchers at the University of Maryland explains why it takes you days to establish a new sleep-wake cycle when you travel east, but you may barely feel anything when going west.
Cross-time-zone travel causes disruptions in the brain's internal clock, known as the circadian rhythm. Cells in a brain region called suprachiasmatic nucleus maintain a healthy rhythm by oscillating in a synchronized manner. Known as a "pacemaker cell," these have a natural cycle slightly longer than 24 hours.
After rapid time zone shifts, these cells cannot instantly establish a rhythm appropriate to the new time zone, making it hard for people to immediately live by a new schedule.
The study , published Tuesday in the journal Chaos, uses math equations to look at how pacemaker cells in the brain resynchronize themselves to adapt to a new sleep cycle.
Michelle Girvan, co-author of the study and associate professor at the physics department of University of Maryland, said that the project is an extension of an undergraduate research program. She wanted the research to be relatable to everyday living while mathematically workable.
Modeling the brain clock with math
Think about how you set your watch forward to match the time in the destination when you head east. You would expect your brain clock to do the same for eastward trips, which basically makes you start the day earlier. But because most pacemaker cells in the internal clock have a natural cycle of 24.5 hours (longer than a day), it actually has a much easier time stretching the day than shrinking it.
The researchers worked out a math model to represent all the pacemaker cells in our brain clock and accounted for inputs such as lights and how sensitive a person is to sunlight, cloudiness, geographical latitude and seasonal factors, therefore creating new circadian rhythms over various trajectories.
The model shows that when your eastbound trip is long enough, the pacemaker cells adjust themselves to move the brain clock backward. This "wrong direction" is what makes it extra hard to recover from long-distance eastward travels. When you go east and cross nine time zones, instead of adjusting nine hours forward, the brain clock sets 15 hours backward. This is the kind of travel where jet lag is the toughest to overcome.
Even if your eastward trip is short and your internal clock manages to adjust itself forward, it still has a harder time doing so because of its 24.5-hour natural period. For instance, according to the model, it will take an average person about four days to recover from an eastward trip crossing three time zones, but only three days from a westward one.
The model also explains why different people suffer from jet lag of various severity. "Some people may have a natural circadian rhythm with a period of 24.5 hours, while others may have longer or shorter natural rhythms," said Girvan in a news release . "Our model suggests the difference between a person's natural period and 24 hours controls how they experience jet lag."
Girvan stressed that the mathematical model they used is a greatly simplified one. "We want to see people push this further in terms of the model parameters and biological data," said Girvan, "and make the model even more biologically realistic."
How to recover faster from jet lag
The dynamics among cells, the strength of external signals and a person's inherent sensitivity to natural stimuli all affect how soon the body clock readjusts itself, according to Girvan. So it is important to keep these things in mind when preparing for your next adventure.
Girvan suggested that you know your body well, and know what kind of travel is the most disruptive for you so you can start preparing beforehand.
Before your trip, try to artificially change external light sources corresponding to the ones in the new time zone.
Join the conversation See the latest news and share your comments with CNN Health on Facebook and Twitter.
When you arrive at your destination, resist the temptation of closing the curtains in your hotel room and diving right into bed when it is still bright outside. What you should do is to fully expose yourself to the local light-dark cycle. It might not be easy to do, but your recovery will be faster if you stay awake during daytime and sleep only when it gets dark. ||||| If you've ever found that recovery from jet lag took even longer than you expected it to, physicists have answers: A new mathematical model helps explain why flying east is tougher on jet-lag recovery.
The model takes into account how certain cells in the human brain respond to crossing time zones, according to the study, published today (July 12) in the journal Chaos.
These cells, called "neuronal oscillator cells," regulate people's circadian rhythm, or biological clock, by syncing up with one another and also linking up with external cues, said Michelle Girvan, an associate professor of physics at the University of Maryland and a co-author of the study. [10 Things You Didn't Know About the Brain]
But the cells don't quite operate on a perfect 24-hour schedule, Girvan told Live Science. Rather, their activity follows a cycle that lasts slightly longer than that, about 24.5 hours, she said. That means that it's easier for a person to extend the length of a day — for example, by flying west across time zones — than to shorten the day, by flying east, she said.
The researchers incorporated the activity of these cells into their model of jet lag, Girvan said. They found that jet-lag recovery doesn't quite fit into a neat pattern of the widely touted advice to give yourself "one day of recovery for every time zone crossed."
Rather, the amount of time it takes for a person to adjust to a new time zone depends on not only how many time zones are crossed but also the direction in which the person travels.
The researchers found that for westward travel, a person who crossed three time zones would fully adjust in a little less than four days. For six time zones, recovery would take about six days. For nine time zones, the recovery would take just less than eight days.
However, when a person travels eastward, the recovery times don't match up as neatly. When a person crosses three time zones going east, it takes a little more than four days to recover. For six time zones, the recovery time jumps to more than eight days. And for nine time zones, the recovery period is more than 12 days.
And when a person crosses 12 time zones, going either east or west, the recovery period is the same: around nine days.
Girvan noted that not everyone has a circadian rhythm of exactly 24.5 hours. Rather, it varies from person to person, she said.
The other factor to consider is external cues such as sunlight, Girvan added. How a person reacts to these external cues can also impact how quickly he or she will adjust to a new time zone, she said.
The researchers hope that their new model can be used in the future to figure out the best ways to beat jet lag, they wrote in their study.
But planning ahead can help you adjust. For example, if you will be traveling six time zones eastward, start by setting your clock ahead an hour or two several days before you leave, Girvan said. And when you arrive in a new time zone, make sure that the external cues you are exposed to match the new time zone, she said. That means that if it's daytime in the new time zone, expose yourself to sunlight. And if it's nighttime, avoid artificial lights, including those from smartphones and computers, to help your biological clock adjust, she said.
Originally published on Live Science. ||||| Cells in the brain's Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN) are known to regulate circadian rhythms in mammals. We model synchronization of SCN cells using the forced Kuramoto model, which consists of a large population of coupled phase oscillators (modeling individual SCN cells) with heterogeneous intrinsic frequencies and external periodic forcing. Here, the periodic forcing models diurnally varying external inputs such as sunrise, sunset, and alarm clocks. We reduce the dimensionality of the system using the ansatz of Ott and Antonsen and then study the effect of a sudden change of clock phase to simulate cross-time-zone travel. We estimate model parameters from previous biological experiments. By examining the phase space dynamics of the model, we study the mechanism leading to the difference typically experienced in the severity of jet-lag resulting from eastward and westward travel.
Published by AIP Publishing.
Received Mon Mar 21 00:00:00 UTC 2016 Accepted Wed Jun 01 00:00:00 UTC 2016 Published online Tue Jul 12 00:00:00 UTC 2016
Lead Paragraph: Jet-lag due to cross-time-zone travel is thought to result from a disruption of the circadian clock within the human brain. After a rapid shift in time-zones, the brain's oscillatory pacemaker cells cannot instantly establish a rhythm appropriate to the new time-zone. We study the dynamics of how these coupled pacemakers cells adjust to the new time-zone. Experiments on suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) slice cultures from neonatal mice (similar results for humans are not available) show that when the pacemaker cells are uncoupled, they display dynamical periods that are near 24 h, but differ from cell to cell, with an average slightly longer than 24 h. In this paper, we model the dynamics of the circadian clock in response to travel, starting at the level of the individual coupled oscillators and then making use of a reduction of this microscopic model to a low dimensional macroscopic description. Our model helps to explain how eastward and westward travel can have different effects on the recovery of circadian rhythms.
Acknowledgments: This work was supported by the Army Research Office under Grant No. W911NF-12-1-0101, and by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY-1461089. ||||| Jet lag is terrible no matter where you're going. But regular travellers will know that your body clock seems to take way longer to recover when you're flying east, rather than heading west.
Now physicists have finally been able to explain why this could be happening, using a mathematical model to show that our brain cells respond differently depending on which direction we're travelling.
Jet lag occurs when the brain cells that regulate our circadian rhythm, called neuronal oscillator cells, can't adjust to our new time zone fast enough, messing up our metabolism, sleep pattern, and pretty much everything else on the first few days of our vacation.
Up until now, the general advice has been to give yourself one day of recovery for every time zone crossed. But the new research, led by physicists from the University of Maryland, suggests that might not be enough if you're flying east.
That's because our neuronal oscillator cells - the pacemakers for the rest of our brain - don't follow a perfect 24-hour schedule.
Studies have shown that without any external cues, their activity follows a slightly longer cycle - around 24.5 hours. And that means it's easier for someone to extend the length of their day - for example, by flying westward across time zones - than shorten their day by flying east.
To figure this out, the physicists took this 24.5-hour rhythm and applied it to a mathematical model that calculates how long it takes someone to recover from jet lag - and they showed that it's not just the amount of time zones crossed that impacts recovery time, but also the direction someone's travelling.
Their model showed that someone who crosses three time zones heading westward can adjust fully in a little less than four days. And for six time zones, recovery takes around six days - much as you'd expect based on the "one day per time zone crossed" principle.
But when people are travelling east, the model predicts that it'll take more than four days to recover from a flight that crosses three time zones, and a whopping eight days to recover from crossing six time zones (which is why it feels so hellish to fly from New York to Paris).
The model also explains why some people can cope with jet lag so much better than others - they likely have slight variations in their natural brain cell cycle.
"Some people may have a natural circadian rhythm with a period of 24.5 hours, while others may have longer or shorter natural rhythms," said lead researcher Michelle Girvan, from the University of Maryland. "Our model suggests that the difference between a person's natural period and 24 hours controls how they experience jet lag."
The research has been published in the journal Chaos, but it's important to note that none of this has been tested experimentally as yet - the researchers made their predictions by factoring in everything they know about how the human brain adjusts to new time zones, and let maths do the rest.
Further research is now needed to back up these predictions, but the researchers' ultimate goal is to help people better manage their expectations when they travel, and will "serve as a guide for developing more in-depth qualitative approaches, as well as strategies to combat circadian rhythm disruptions due to rapid cross-time-zone travel, shift work, or blindness," said Girvan. |||||
Output: | A flight from Paris to New York is easier on the brain than one from New York to Paris, according to a new study that finds jet lag is based not only on distance traveled, but also the direction of travel. In the journal Chaos, researchers from the University of Maryland present a mathematical model that considers the brain's "neuronal oscillator cells," which regulate a person's biological clock, or circadian rhythm. Though everyone's clock is different, it tends to operate on a schedule slightly longer than 24 hours, study author Michelle Girvan explains, per Live Science. That means the brain responds better to a longer day achieved by flying west across time zones than a shorter one achieved by flying east. Researchers say a person flying west across three time zones can recover in less than four days, while a person flying east would need a little more than four days. The divide becomes more apparent across more time zones. A person flying west across nine time zones would need a little less than eight days to recover, compared to more than 12 days for those flying east—though the recovery for crossing 12 time zones is about nine days either way. The mathematical model—which considers external cues like sunlight and geographical latitude, per CNN—was based on a circadian rhythm of 24.5 hours, and some people "may have longer or shorter natural rhythms," Girvan says. But overall, the study shows that the general rule of giving yourself one day of recovery for every time zone crossed is off base. Girvan says researchers hope the model will "serve as a guide for developing more in-depth qualitative approaches, as well as strategies to combat circadian rhythm disruptions due to rapid cross-time-zone travel, shift work, or blindness," per Science Alert. (This trick might stop jet lag before it starts.) |
In this task, we ask you to rewrite a sentence in simple English without changing its general meaning. Essentially, you want to make the sentence easier to read by using simpler words, utilizing more straightforward sentence structures, and omitting non-essential information etc.
Input: Consider Input: A Horn clause with exactly one positive literal is a definite clause or a strict Horn clause ; a definite clause with no negative literals is sometimes called a unit clause , and a unit clause without variables is sometimes called a fact ; and a Horn clause without a positive literal is sometimes called a goal clause ( note that the empty clause consisting of no literals is a goal clause ) .
Output: A Horn clause with exactly one positive literal is a definite clause ; a definite clause with no negative literals is sometimes called a “ fact ” ; and a Horn clause without a positive literal is sometimes called a goal clause .
Input: Consider Input: A starburst galaxy is a galaxy undergoing an exceptionally high rate of star formation , as compared to the long-term average rate of star formation in the galaxy or the star formation rate observed in most other galaxies .
Output: A starburst galaxy is a galaxy with a very high rate of star formation .
Input: Consider Input: The iPhone 4S introduced a new automated voice control system called Siri , that allows the user to give the iPhone commands , which it can execute and respond to .
| Output: The iPhone 4S introduced a new automated voice control system called " Siri " .
|
Part 1. Definition
You are given a sentence and a question in the input. The information provided in the sentence should be enough to answer the question. You're expected to write the correct answer. Do not use any facts other than those provided in the sentence.
Part 2. Example
Sentence: GOP leaders submitted the new offer Tuesday afternoon in an effort to appease Democrats, whose votes are needed to avert a shutdown of federal agencies, several House and Senate aides said. Question: Who has to be appeased to keep the government open?
Answer: Democrats.
Explanation: The sentence says that "Democrats" have to be appeased, which answers the question.
Part 3. Exercise
Sentence: Jhochhen Tol, also known as Freak Street, is Kathmandu's original traveler's haunt, made popular by the hippies of the 1960s and 1970s; it remains a popular alternative to Thamel.
Question: What is the traditional name for Freak Street?
Answer: | Jhochhen Tol. |
Few athletes would disagree that more muscle is an advantage in their sport. And protein is the perfect source of amino acid building blocks needed for new muscle growth and repair. Taken together, strength training and sufficient protein will stimulate new muscle protein synthesis. Note that the keyword here is sufficient, because this is where protein supplement marketers like to extend to “the more the better”. So how much protein do sportspeople need? Consensus position statements such as those produced by the American College of Sports Medicine give the range of 1.2 grams to 1.7 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight. But the top end of that range is for elite endurance athletes, power sportspeople and those in the early stages of a strength training phase. The “recreational athlete”, which describes the majority of active sportspeople, should aim for the bottom end of the range. So how do those protein requirement numbers stack up against a regular diet? Protein intake and body weights collected in the 2011-2012 Australian Health Survey, as an example, show the average Australian male already eats 1.2 grams and the average female 1.1 grams of protein per kilogram body weight. And this is for mostly sedentary people who are not following any special “high protein” training diet. Sportspeople do have higher energy needs. But by simply eating a greater volume of food with a focus on higher protein content, it’s very feasible for an athlete to get their protein requirements from food alone. This has been backed up by research; numerous dietary surveys show the normal diet of strength-based athletes provides around two grams of protein per kilogram body weight per day. And that’s before using any protein powders. But protein supplements can’t be dismissed altogether. There are circumstances where supplementation is an appropriate and convenient option for athletes, such as when travelling, or during an intense training schedule. How many grams of protein per kilo does the author probably eat? Pick the correct answer from the following options: - The author doesn't consumer much protein because he doesn't see the point of it - The higher amount recommended - The lower amount recommended - not enough information
A: | not enough information |
In this task, you will be shown a correct English sentence. You need to generate an incorrect form of the input sentence.
--------
Question: I want to talk about harmful or bad products like alcohol , hair spray and cigarettes .
Answer: I want to talk about nocive or bad products like alcohol , hair spray and cigarrets .
Question: It 's rightly said that life is not about adding years to life , but life to years .
Answer: Its rightly said , life is not about adding years to life but life to years .
Question: For example , the famous Thomas Edison was questioned when he applied at a bank for yet another loan for his experiments , which were failing .
Answer: | For example , the most famous Thomas Edison was asked a question when he applied for a loan to a bank one more time for his experiments which were failing .
|
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you will be presented with a context from an academic paper and a question separated with a
. You have to answer the question based on the context.
In the first one, shown in Figure FIGREF12, a special dedicated discriminator is added to the model to control that the latent representation does not contain stylistic information. The second extension of the baseline architecture does not use an adversarial component $D_z$ that is trying to eradicate information on $c$ from component $z$. Instead, the system, shown in Figure FIGREF16 feeds the "soft" generated sentence $\tilde{G}$ into encoder $E$ and checks how close is the representation $E(\tilde{G} )$ to the original representation $z = E(x)$ in terms of the cosine distance. We further refer to it as shifted autoencoder or SAE. We also study a combination of both approaches described above, shown on Figure FIGREF17.
Question: What are three new proposed architectures?
| special dedicated discriminator is added to the model to control that the latent representation does not contain stylistic information shifted autoencoder or SAE combination of both approaches |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task you will be given an answer to a question. You need to generate a question. The answer given should be a correct answer for the generated question.
A rain shadow is a dry area on the leeward side of a mountainous area (away from the wind). The mountains block the passage of rain-producing weather systems and cast a 'shadow' of dryness behind them. Wind and moist air is drawn by the prevailing winds towards the top of the mountains, where it condenses and precipitates before it crosses the top. The air, without much moisture left, advances across the mountains creating a drier side called the 'rain shadow'.
| rainshadows occur on the windward side of mountain ranges. true false |
In this task, you're given a passage, further information available on a particular linked term from the statement, and a question. Your job is to generate the answer to the question by using the information provided. If there is no clear answer obtainable, output 'none'.
Example Input: Passage: In November 1988, a new development team within Microsoft (which included former Digital Equipment Corporation developers Dave Cutler and Mark Lucovsky) began work on a revamped version of IBM and Microsoft's OS/2 operating system known as "NT OS/2". NT OS/2 was intended to be a secure, multi-user operating system with POSIX compatibility and a modular, portable kernel with preemptive multitasking and support for multiple processor architectures. However, following the successful release of Windows 3.0, the NT development team decided to rework the project to use an extended 32-bit port of the Windows API known as Win32 instead of those of OS/2. Win32 maintained a similar structure to the Windows APIs (allowing existing Windows applications to easily be ported to the platform), but also supported the capabilities of the existing NT kernel. Following its approval by Microsoft's staff, development continued on what was now Windows NT, the first 32-bit version of Windows. However, IBM objected to the changes, and ultimately continued OS/2 development on its own.
Link Information: none Question: Which former Digital Equipment Corporation who worked for Microsoft is the oldest?
Example Output: Answer: none
Example Input: Passage: His grandfather was architect Alexandros Tzonis who designed many buildings in Thessaloniki during the Interwar period. Tzonis studied architecture at the National Technical University of Athens (1956 -1961). During the period of his university studies, he was instructed privately in mathematics (Pandelis Rokos) and art (Spyros Papaloukas) meeting regularly with the architect Dimitris Pikionis who was by then retired from teaching. He worked professionally as a stage designer in the theatre and art director in the cinema. (Never on Sunday, 1960 directed by Jules Dassin). In 1961 he moved to the United States as a Ford Fellow, where he pursued his studies at Yale University, briefly in the Drama School and soon after in the School of Art and Architecture under Paul Rudolph, Shadrach Woods, Robert Venturi, and Serge Chermayeff. In 1965, with sponsorship from the Twentieth Century Fund he was appointed fellow at Yale where he carried out pioneering research on Planning and Design Methodology in collaboration with Chermayeff with whom he co-authored The Shape of Community (1972). In 1968 he was invited to teach at the Graduate School of Design at Harvard University by Jerzy Soltan and Josep Lluis Sert appointed assistant professor. There he taught and did advanced research in analytical design methods in association with Walter Isard and Ovadia Salama, receiving outside advice from Anatol Rapaport and Seymour Papert. In collaboration with Ovadia Salama, introducing the newly developed method ELECTRE he worked out a new method for multi-criteria evaluation of architectural projects (1975). In collaboration with Michael Freeman, Etienne de Cointet, and his undergraduate student Robert Berwick, who became later professor of computational linguistics at MIT, he developed a method for design discourse analysis applied to the case of 17th and 18th century texts of French architectural theory, a project funded by the French Government carried out at Harvard and in France (1975).
Link Information: none Question: In which country did Tzonis studied architecture?
Example Output: Answer: none
Example Input: Passage: She made her first film in 1924, and with her blonde hair, green eyes, delicate features, and good-natured demeanor, was cast in a string of supporting roles, where she was required to do very little but smile and look pretty. She proved herself capable of handling the small roles she was assigned, and over a period of time, she came to be taken seriously as an actress. By 1928, she was playing starring roles, achieving success in MGM's first talkie release, Alias Jimmy Valentine (1928) opposite William Haines, Lionel Barrymore, and Karl Dane. The following year, she appeared in the popular murder mystery The Thirteenth Chair, a role that offered her the chance to display her dramatic abilities as a murder suspect. At Fox that same year, she appeared in director Allan Dwan's now lost romantic adventure The Far Call opposite Charles Morton. The quality of her parts continued to improve as the decade turned, including a role as Robert Montgomery's sister in the prison drama The Big House (1930) with Chester Morris and Wallace Beery, for which Hyams once again received positive reviews. She then appeared in Surrender (1931) in which Warner Baxter and Ralph Bellamy desperately competed for her attention.
Link Information: William "Billy" Haines (January 2, 1900 Question: Which of Hyam's male co-stars in Alias Jimmy Valentine was the oldest?
Example Output: | Answer: Lionel Barrymore
|
This is part two of a four part series on Inner Wisdom Eating (IWE) The 4 steps of Inner Wisdom Eating (or eating like a thin person) are exactly the same as those promoted by Intuitive Eating. Eat when you’re hungry Eat what you want Eat consciously Stop when you are full The difference lies in the approach and the detail. I will discuss each step in this four part series. ————————————————— EAT WHAT YOU WANT DOES YOUR FOOD SING TO YOU? Have a look in your fridge and cupboards. Does the food in there sing to you, does it call your name, and are you looking forward to eating it? Do you eat it because you enjoy it or because you think you should? By choosing only to eat what sings to me, I have discovered (again!) that I am not a big fan of meat and would rather eat a predominantly vegetarian diet. Occasionally I’ll eat chicken leg and I love bacon but beyond that I’m not fussed. FOOD DOES NOT HAVE A VALUE There are no good and bad foods. There are no trigger foods or forbidden foods. There is nosuch thing as junk. There is a place in your diet for your favourite indulgences in moderation. Believe me that when you let yourself eat cheesecake, chocolate and hot chips, the novelty soon wears off. I mostly eat unprocessed food, not because it’s “good” but because I love the taste and prefer how it makes me feel. YOU CAN STILL EAT DIET FOOD Low fat ice-cream, Diet Coke and protein powder are still in my diet but I eat them because I prefer the taste over their ‘real’ counterparts. I can still ask for dressing on the side and no butter on my sandwich not because I’m counting calories but because I can’t see the point in eating food I don’t actually want. According to the above context, choose the correct option to answer the following question. Question: What are some likely outcomes of following this advice? Options: - feeling healthier - enjoying your food more - not enough information - saving money on grocerys
not enough information
------
The filming was kind of a long process, but maybe it didn’t need to be? Or maybe it did? The first night of filming at the Thornbury Bowls Club was for a test shoot with mine and Rosie’s camera, to work out which one we wanted to use for her film. The second night of filming involved us getting establishing shots of the location. The third night of filming involved us mainly shooting Rosie’s script. And the fourth night of shooting involved us mainly shooting Bell’s script and getting any other shots we needed to get. Perhaps we didn’t need an entire night of filming just to get establishing shots and filler shots, but it certainly made it a lot easier having multiple shots to choose from. For the two nights of shooting we certainly didn’t get that much coverage, which meant in the edit we were somewhat stuck using certain shots because we didn’t have other options. This was mainly because of time limitations with actors and batteries on cameras dying and such. I’m so neurotic I would have happily spent two nights shooting establishing shots and filler shots and two nights on each shoot, but not everyone wants to rearrange the rest of their life to fit around such projects. I get a tad obsessive if I’m allowed, which can often benefit me, although I do become a giant pain in everyone else’s ass. The main thing I learnt from the filming process was that you can plan out exactly what you want to do, and how your going to do it, but once you get into the location with the actors this plan often changes – however, you are still much better of having the plan than none at all! As the neurotic freak I am, I had all the shots I wanted to use storyboarded. I had originally planned to shoot all the establishing shots, stick them in a timeline and then also shoot the other shots (with fill in actors) and add them to the timeline to see how it looked. Of course no one else was interested in spending an entire night shooting the film – but with them as stands in – just so I could complete my psychotic endeavour of... According to the above context, choose the correct option to answer the following question. Question: After the end of this story, the narrator is probably: Options: - annoyed at the actors - not enough information - discouraged with the extras - happy with the actors
annoyed at the actors
------
Michael Morzeny put his hands into the pockets of his overcoat and hugged the fabric tighter around his body. The winter wind hurried down Columbus Avenue and the hem of his coat flapped around his knees letting little pockets of cold waft up to invade the warmth his body had spent so much time preparing and storing around his torso. With a bitter squeeze of his hands, his knuckles now getting cold, Morzeny bowed his square shoulders to the wind and continued walking. At sixty-seven years old the New York winters bothered Morzeny more than he cared to admit. And, although no doctor would admit it to him, he was positive that the first faint hints of arthritis tweaking through his hands were made worse by the cold. At every cross street the setting sun flashed through to the avenue in shades of crisp pink and red. Morzeny didn't want to be working right now. But these outings were the price he paid for having a hybrid job, owning buildings and brokering as many of his own leases as possible. When he had first come to the city he had been told that he needed a job, not for income, his providers took care of that, but for his own sanity. Something to keep him going. He had asked for something in real estate and had never bothered to wonder what other paths he might have taken. He had always been able to focus to the point of blindness. It helped him in every aspect of his work. He arrived at the brownstone building housing the apartment he was to show tonight. His building was tucked into a short row of buildings that squatted over the street, their steps reaching towards the curb like stunted growths. More to prove to himself that he could do it than anything else, Morzeny took the front steps two at a time. According to the above context, choose the correct option to answer the following question. Question: What was the name of the building? Options: - City View - The Park - not enough information - 100th Street Place
not enough information
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We had a light bulb that stopped working and when a new bulb was placed it wouldn’t light up. We eventually had a technician from John Moore come out to fix this problem. He was nice enough and took the time to explain to me why it had stopped working and how he would fix this. After about 30 minutes he had completed this and then offered as a free service to inspect the electrical parts of the house. He went out back to the fuse box to look and then after inspection offered to show me what he had found. It was mid to late afternoon in the back yard and that’s when the sun is aiming straight to my back yard. I should mention we live in Texas. He went over ever single fuse and wire that we had and explained about the piping and all the other things that go with it and that what we have isn’t what is recommended anymore. Our house was about 9 years old at the time. We were back there for more than 90 minutes. I started getting very restless because I wanted to work on dinner, the sun was blazing hot and I needed to do many other things. It was coming up on 5 o’clock. He then went to his truck to write up an estimate. After 20 minutes or so he comes back and tells me it will be about $10,000 to fix our fuse box system. So what started out for changing a light bulb was going to end up costing 10K. We did later get it looked at by someone else that is qualified in this field,m who was there working on some other project and he said there was nothing wrong with what we had. According to the above context, choose the correct option to answer the following question. Question: A technician came to the house: Options: - after a bulb stopped lighting - when i worked on a project - around dinner time - not enough information
| after a bulb stopped lighting
------ |
TASK DEFINITION: You will be given a passage, and your task is to generate a Yes/No question that is answerable based on the given passage.
PROBLEM: Unlike the other pieces, pawns cannot move backwards. Normally a pawn moves by advancing a single square, but the first time a pawn moves, it has the option of advancing two squares. Pawns may not use the initial two-square advance to jump over an occupied square, or to capture. Any piece immediately in front of a pawn, friend or foe, blocks its advance. In the diagram, the pawn on c4 can move to c5, while the pawn on e2 can move to either e3 or e4.
SOLUTION: can you move a pawn backwards in chess?
PROBLEM: The pound is the currency of Guernsey. Since 1921, Guernsey has been in currency union with the United Kingdom and the Guernsey pound is not a separate currency but is a local issue of banknotes and coins denominated in pound sterling, in a similar way to the banknotes issued in Scotland, England and Northern Ireland (see Banknotes of the pound sterling). It can be exchanged at par with other sterling coinage and notes (see also sterling zone).
SOLUTION: can you use guernsey money in the uk?
PROBLEM: In American football and Canadian football, a lateral pass or lateral (officially backward pass in American football and onside pass in Canadian football) occurs when the ball carrier throws the football to a teammate in a direction parallel to or away from the opponents' goal line. A lateral pass is distinguished from a forward pass, in which the ball is thrown forward, towards the opposition's end zone. In a lateral pass the ball is not advanced, but unlike a forward pass a lateral may be attempted from anywhere on the field by any player to any player at any time.
SOLUTION: | can you pass the ball forward in american football?
|
An attempt to confirm an applicant's reference would fail if the reference does what?
Options:
- question
- dispute
- deny
- contradict
- refuse
If a confrmation is denied, the confirmation fails. When a refrence deny the confirmation, it means they do not know that person which fails the confirmation.
deny
Driving to work late is never pleasant, but you still shouldn't what?
Options:
- listen to radio
- sing
- speed
- anger
- statue
Speed should not be an ulternative when you are running late. Speed may result in accident.
speed
Where did you try many escalators?
Options:
- motion
- bringing people up
- mall
- vacuum bay
- department store
Mall is a place consists of escalators. You can try many escalators at mall.
mall
What do people with a lot of money do?
Options:
- shake hands
- pay bills
- work hard
- talk to each other
- own property
| People prefer investment when they have a lot of money. People generally prefer to invest in property.
own property |
Model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana are used for studying the molecular biology of plant cells and the chloroplast. Ideally, these organisms have small genomes that are well known or completely sequenced, small stature and short generation times. Corn has been used to study mechanisms of photosynthesis and phloem loading of sugar in C4 plants. The single celled green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, while not an embryophyte itself, contains a green-pigmented chloroplast related to that of land plants, making it useful for study. A red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae has also been used to study some basic chloroplast functions. Spinach, peas, soybeans and a moss Physcomitrella patens are commonly used to study plant cell biology.
If it is possible to answer this question, answer it for me (else, reply "unanswerable"): What mechanism can be studied through chromosome sequencing? | photosynthesis |
In this task you're given a question and you have to paraphrase the question to create the output question while retaining the meaning of the original question.
Is there any alternatives to safe-mail that are just as good? | What is a good alternative to ZOLA Software? |
Instructions: Given a passage and a question, find the answer to the question based on the passage. The answer should consist of only one word that lies in the span of only one of the sentences in the passage.
Input: Paragraph: Before Romeo meets Juliet , he loves Rosaline , Capulet 's niece and Juliet 's cousin . He describes her as wonderfully beautiful : `` The all - seeing sun / ne'er saw her match since first the world begun . '' Rosaline , however , chooses to remain chaste ; Romeo says : `` She hath forsworn to love , and in that vow / Do I live dead that live to tell it now . '' This is the source of his depression , and he makes his friends unhappy ; Mercutio comments : `` That same pale , hard - hearted wench , that Rosaline , torments him so that he will sure run mad . '' Benvolio urges Romeo to sneak into a Capulet gathering where , he claims , Rosaline will look like `` a crow '' alongside the other beautiful women . Romeo agrees , but doubts Benvolio 's assessment . After Romeo sees Juliet his feelings suddenly change : `` Did my heart love till now ? Forswear it , sight / For I ne'er saw true beauty till this night . '' Because their relationship is sudden and secret , Romeo 's friends and Friar Laurence continue to speak of his affection for Rosaline throughout much of the play .
Question: what family is rosaline from in romeo and juliet
Output: | Capulet |
Q: Is a construction worker required to build a portfolio?
A: no
CoT: Construction workers build physical constructs, usually buildings or structures. A portfolio is a collection of items of a similar type, including art, writing, or financial investments.
Q: Are fresh garlic cloves as easy to eat as roasted garlic cloves?
A: no
CoT: Allicin is the component of garlic that makes it 'spicy' feeling in the mouth. When garlic is cooked, the Allicin in it is removed.
Q: Could someone theoretically use an armadillo as a shield?
A: yes
CoT: | Armadillos have hard armor made of dermal bone. Humans have ended up in the hospital due to bullets ricocheting against an armadillo's shell. |
How to have fun in a mall with your friends
See what stores your local mall has to offer.
Shopping malls are home to dozens of stores of all types, from high-end department stores to little shops offering unique handmade trinkets. Have a look around with your friends and see which shops you'd all be interested in checking out.
You could fill up an entire day just exploring all the different storefronts in a shopping mall. Having trouble finding a place to start? Most shopping malls have a directory board placed near each entrance to familiarize shoppers with the stores in the vicinity.
A close up is seen of a bolt being removed with a screw driver. A wheel is removed from a bicycle. it
is then replaced with a new one.
A woman is explaining how to remove wallpaper. She turns around and bends over to pick up a steamer. she
shows how to steam the wallpaper in sections.
The man is hunched over on the the ground trying to build a fire by himself. It's all about adding oxygen at the right time once you have started a nice fire. also
| , if the fire is dead or dying you just hit it with a little bit more oxygen and it will help bring it back up. |
Knowing that "ethanol sometimes is made of corn", how would one answer "Ethyl alcohol can be made by distilling and fermenting simple sugars from" | a starchy slurry |
Detailed Instructions: Given a text, write a compressed version of it in a single sentence.
Q: The Rousseauian view provided the substrate for the twentieth-century counterpoint to behaviorism: a belief in the powerful role of children's inborn characteristics. At mid-century, Freud's psychoanalytic theory vied with behaviorism's reinforcement principles for parents' and educators' attentions.
A: | The Rousseauian view provided the substrate for the counterpoint to behaviorism: a belief in the role of children's characteristics. Freud's psychoanalytic theory vied with behaviorism's reinforcement principles. |
Question: The human had lustful needs to fulfill, where did he go as a result? Options: - space shuttle - anywhere on earth - strip club - church - international space station The answer is "strip club" because
Ans: there are erotic men and women at the strip clubs.
Question: If a group of friends have gathered after reading a book they are likely about to have a what? Options: - learn things - discussion - fit - learning - nightmares The answer is "discussion" because
Ans: friends like to discuss common experiences.
Question: John thought that it was a mistake to pick A. He meant to choose B put picked A by accident. He was relieved when he learned that A was what? Options: - on purpose - correction - good - correct answer - success The answer is "correct answer" because
Ans: show your respondents the correct answer
Question: Why would you be going for run if you are not ill? Options: - mouth wash - breathlessness - losing weight - better health - satisfaction The answer is "losing weight" because
| Ans: to speed up your walk |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
Given a paragraph, your job is to generate a question that can be answered from the passage. The answer to your question should be a single entity, person, time, etc. that can be extracted from the passage.
The efficiency of a Rankine cycle is usually limited by the working fluid. Without the pressure reaching supercritical levels for the working fluid, the temperature range the cycle can operate over is quite small; in steam turbines, turbine entry temperatures are typically 565 °C (the creep limit of stainless steel) and condenser temperatures are around 30 °C. This gives a theoretical Carnot efficiency of about 63% compared with an actual efficiency of 42% for a modern coal-fired power station. This low turbine entry temperature (compared with a gas turbine) is why the Rankine cycle is often used as a bottoming cycle in combined-cycle gas turbine power stations.[citation needed]
Output: | What limits the Rankine cycle's efficiency? |
In this task, you are given a question and an answer. Answer "Yes" if the given answer correctly answers the question, otherwise answer "No".
what two empires fought to control afghanistan, Answer: In the late 19th century, Afghanistan became a buffer state in the " Great Game " between the British and Russian empires.
Yes
how are ribosomes made, Answer: The differences in structure allow some antibiotics to kill bacteria by inhibiting their ribosomes, while leaving human ribosomes unaffected.
No
how was the moon formed, Answer: Although there have been several hypotheses for its origin in the past, the current most widely accepted explanation is that the Moon formed from the debris left over after a giant impact between Earth and a Mars -sized body.
| Yes
|
You are given a sentence in English. Your job is to translate the English sentence into Japanese.
However, there's a big problem with the official statistics, in that if, for instance, a Japanese component supplier ships something to China to be put into an iPod, and then the iPod gets shipped to the U.S., that component ends up getting counted multiple times. | しかし公式統計には大きな問題がありますたとえば日本の部品メーカーがある部品を中国に輸出してiPodに組み込まれそのiPodがアメリカに出荷されたとするとその部品は複数回輸出されたと計算されてしまいます |
Subsets and Splits