kartikagg98/HINMIX_hi-en · Datasets at Hugging Face

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But now, many are challenging the ethical basis of surgery, knowing that gender identity is complex, and doctors can sometimes get it wrong, not knowing how a child will feel about their gender assignment when they grow up.
Back in the middle of the 20th century, it was called a 'psychiatric emergency,' said Drescher.
When these kids were born, you didn't call the psychiatrist, you called a surgeon.
The prevailing theory on how to treat children with ambiguous genitalia was put forward by Dr. John Money at Johns Hopkins University, who held that gender was malleable.
He coined the term "gender identity" and argued that social and environmental cues -- how parents raised a child -- interacted with a child's genes and hormones to shape whether the person identified as male or female.
But in one 1966 case, known as "John/Joan," his theories became controversial.
He advised the parents of a boy whose penis had been severed in a botched circumcision to have the child fully castrated, removing his testicles, as well, and to raise him as a girl.
Money presented the case as a successful case of transition, but it was not, said Drescher.
When the boy was around 15, he transitioned back to a boy and married a woman.
But at 38, he committed suicide.
Drescher said that now some doctors are still "practicing that model."
But in the 1990s, with the advent of the Internet, survivors of these gender surgeries have come forward "not happy with the outcome."
Such was the case with Jim Bruce, a 36-year-old writer from Montana, who was born with XY male chromosomes but ambiguous genitals.
Doctors couldn't be sure if he had a large clitoris or a small penis and were convinced he could never live a "satisfactory life" as a man.
So shortly after his birth in 1976, Bruce's external organ and testes were surgically removed and he was raised as a girl.
He was given female hormones at age 12.
I knew that I wasn't a girl, he told ABCNews.com.
I was unhappy, but it was really difficult to ask questions.
At 18, he was set for a vaginoplasty.
But depressed and knowing something was wrong, he demanded medical records.
What he found out was horrifying.
I was sterilized at birth -- and no one ever told me.
Bruce was born with a DSD that prevented his body from producing enough testosterone to properly develop his genitals.
After learning the truth, he changed back to a man, taking testosterone shots and having his breasts removed.
Surgery rendered him infertile.
Today, he advocates for others in an organization called the Interface Project, trying to normalize perceptions of those who are intersex.
But Anne Tamar-Mattis, executive director for California-based legal group Advocates for Informed Choice, worries that the German law "invites labeling and stigma."
A lot of activists are concerned that what the German rule will do is encourage parents to make quick decisions and give the child an 'undetermined,' she said.
We are afraid it will encourage intervention.
We think a better process is assigning male or female sex, then waiting.
But we haven't seen how the law will play out, so all we can do is speculate.
Tamar-Mattis said that her organization supports the Australian law because "it allows adults to choose to be recognized in a third gender."
Adults should be able to make their own decisions about legal gender, she said.
German law is about assigning it at birth.
That is not a battle young children should have to take up at this point.
When they are grown, they can make decisions about their own bodies.
But Dr. Arlene Baratz, a Pittsburgh breast radiologist who has a daughter with a disorder of sexual development and helps hundreds of others in a support group, said the German law will "empower" both parents and children.
Baratz's daughter Katie was born with male chromosomes, but has a DSD called complete androgen insensitivity syndrome.
Because her androgen receptors are faulty, Katie developed female characteristics.
She has a vagina, but no uterus or ovaries.
Now at 29, Katie is married and at the University of Pennsylvania, a resident in child psychiatry.
Though she is infertile, she hopes to become a parent through adoption or gestational surrogacy.
The law gives parents some space not to have to rush into making decisions themselves, said Baratz.
It gives them the time to do some tests and figure it out and a period of time before they write 'male' or 'female.'
This way, you are OK -- raise the child, love the child.
You have a wonderful baby and enjoy the fun.
We don't have to rush into surgery that is irreversible.
It brings the children into the decision and takes away the anxiety that motivates parents because they don't feel they are doing the right thing, she said.
Ultimately, the child will decide which sex he or she feels more comfortable with -- and that's a wonderful thing.
It empowers children to make the decision for themselves.
On behalf of the Ramnagar Tehsil Legal Services Committee and under the chairmanship of the committee chairman, Ramnagar Sub-Judge Sandip Kaur, a Legal Awareness Camp was organised at the Middle school, Dalher in Ramnagar.
In this camp awareness was raised about the right to education and information for financially underprivileged people.
Advocate M.L. Gupta, Rohin Bharadwaj and Sarpanch presented their views on the subject and gave lectures to the people in the camp.
A large number of villagers attended the camp.
Report: Obama campaign considered dumping Biden for Hillary Clinton
President Barack Obama's closest advisers secretly considered replacing Vice President Joe Biden with Hillary Clinton on the 2012 ticket, according to the New York Times.
The revelation is the most notable bombshell from Mark Halperin and John Heilemann's heavily anticipated 2012 campaign tome, "Double Down: Game Change 2012."
The Times obtained a copy of the forthcoming book and reported Thursday evening that the President's top aides conducted "extensive group-sessions and polling in late 2011" to gauge whether the dumping Biden could help bolster Obama's waning re-election hopes.
According to the Times' national political correspondent Jonathan Martin, the book provides a thorough account of the effort by senior officials inside the campaign and the White House, namely former White House Chief of Staff Bill Daley, to measure what effect swapping former Secretary of State Clinton for the Vice President would have in the polls.
The potential switch was a closely guarded secret within the Chicago campaign infrastructure and inside the Oval Office.
Only half a dozen of the President's closest advisers -- including Daley, former Obama campaign chief Jim Messina, and former White House senior advisers David Axelrod and David Plouffe -- knew the change was under consideration.
Double Down claims Daley spearheaded the effort to replace Biden, despite their "close personal rapport," before ultimately deciding against the move when their data showed adding Clinton to the ticket wouldn't "materially improve Obama's odds."
In an interview with Martin, Daley confirmed that the administration did in fact consider replacing Biden with Clinton.
I was vocal about looking into a whole bunch of things, and this was one of them, Daley told the paper.
You have to remember, at that point the President was in awful shape, so we were like, "Holy Christ, what do we do?"
While Daley characterized the research as "due diligence," Martin told CNN's Anderson Cooper that the re-election campaign made a significant investment in finding out whether the move would pay dividends at the polls.
Campaigns don't spend the kind of money on polling and focus groups unless they're seriously considering something, Martin said on AC360.
It's unclear, however, whether Obama knew his team was exploring the swap.
Martin told CNN that he asked Daley whether his then-boss knew about the potential shuffle.
While Daley said he doesn't think the President "was aware" of the potential change, the former chief of staff admitted that it's "possible" Obama knew.
Martin added that "Double Down" does not definitively answer whether the political probing reached Obama's desk.
Cooper asked Martin whether he seriously thought Obama did not know about the research into dumping Biden from the ticket.
Possibly, Martin replied.
Fancy a glow-in-the-dark ice cream?
A British entrepreneur has created the world's first glow-in-the-dark ice cream - using jellyfish.
Charlie Francis has harnessed the fluorescent properties of the marine animal to develop the luminescent snack.
He came up with the idea after reading a research paper on jellyfish and convinced scientists in China to chemically recreate the glowing protein.
The ice cream reacts with the eater's tongue - raising the pH level in the protein and making it glow.
Chris says because the ice cream lights up when it reacts with the heat of the mouth it means the more you lick, the brighter it becomes.
Charlie, founder of the "Lick Me I'm Delicious" ice cream company, said: "It is incredible stuff but still at very early days in terms of production, so £200 gets you about 2g of the stuff."
The protein we are using in the ice cream reacts with your tongue at neutral pH.
So as your mouth warms up the protein it will raise the pH level and the ice cream will glow.
We have been testing it out over the past few months and it seemed perfect to share it over Halloween because it gives that wonderful glow effect.
It is probably the most expensive ice cream I have made because the jellyfish luminescence is four times more expensive than gold.
So each scoop costs me around £140.
It tastes pretty good though.
Charlie's experimental company, based in Bristol, is famed for its unusual flavours including beer, cheese, beef and gold leaf.
But his next creation is set to be even more ambitious.
He said: "I really want to develop an invisible ice cream."
It is inherently impossible because of the refraction caused by the ice crystals which make up the ice cream, but I reckon we will find a way of doing it.
The ice cream harnesses the fluorescent properties of a jellyfish, synthesized by Chinese scientists
Rani Bagh Market was packed with customers.
The situation was such that people had to wait from 15 to 20 minutes to buy utensils.
The same was the case in Vajirpur, Avantika market, Rohini, Naharpur, Ashok Vihar, the Central Market, and the central market in Prashant Vihar.
There was a similar scene in the jewellery shops in Pitampura, Ashok Vihar, and Model Town.
Many people were shopping for gold and silver ornaments and coins.
Because of this, the outer ring road, along with other markets, were jammed with traffic.
Because of this people leaving the office had to spend hours in traffic jams on their way home.
Halloween 2013: By the Numbers
When I was little, Halloween was magical.

But now, many are challenging the ethical basis of surgery, knowing that gender identity is complex, and doctors can sometimes get it wrong, not knowing how a child will feel about their gender assignment when they grow up.

Back in the middle of the 20th century, it was called a 'psychiatric emergency,' said Drescher.

When these kids were born, you didn't call the psychiatrist, you called a surgeon.

The prevailing theory on how to treat children with ambiguous genitalia was put forward by Dr. John Money at Johns Hopkins University, who held that gender was malleable.

He coined the term "gender identity" and argued that social and environmental cues -- how parents raised a child -- interacted with a child's genes and hormones to shape whether the person identified as male or female.

But in one 1966 case, known as "John/Joan," his theories became controversial.

He advised the parents of a boy whose penis had been severed in a botched circumcision to have the child fully castrated, removing his testicles, as well, and to raise him as a girl.

Money presented the case as a successful case of transition, but it was not, said Drescher.

When the boy was around 15, he transitioned back to a boy and married a woman.

But at 38, he committed suicide.

Drescher said that now some doctors are still "practicing that model."

But in the 1990s, with the advent of the Internet, survivors of these gender surgeries have come forward "not happy with the outcome."

Such was the case with Jim Bruce, a 36-year-old writer from Montana, who was born with XY male chromosomes but ambiguous genitals.

Doctors couldn't be sure if he had a large clitoris or a small penis and were convinced he could never live a "satisfactory life" as a man.

So shortly after his birth in 1976, Bruce's external organ and testes were surgically removed and he was raised as a girl.

He was given female hormones at age 12.

I knew that I wasn't a girl, he told ABCNews.com.

I was unhappy, but it was really difficult to ask questions.

At 18, he was set for a vaginoplasty.

But depressed and knowing something was wrong, he demanded medical records.

What he found out was horrifying.

I was sterilized at birth -- and no one ever told me.

Bruce was born with a DSD that prevented his body from producing enough testosterone to properly develop his genitals.

After learning the truth, he changed back to a man, taking testosterone shots and having his breasts removed.

Surgery rendered him infertile.

Today, he advocates for others in an organization called the Interface Project, trying to normalize perceptions of those who are intersex.

But Anne Tamar-Mattis, executive director for California-based legal group Advocates for Informed Choice, worries that the German law "invites labeling and stigma."

A lot of activists are concerned that what the German rule will do is encourage parents to make quick decisions and give the child an 'undetermined,' she said.

We are afraid it will encourage intervention.

We think a better process is assigning male or female sex, then waiting.

But we haven't seen how the law will play out, so all we can do is speculate.

Tamar-Mattis said that her organization supports the Australian law because "it allows adults to choose to be recognized in a third gender."

Adults should be able to make their own decisions about legal gender, she said.

German law is about assigning it at birth.

That is not a battle young children should have to take up at this point.

When they are grown, they can make decisions about their own bodies.

But Dr. Arlene Baratz, a Pittsburgh breast radiologist who has a daughter with a disorder of sexual development and helps hundreds of others in a support group, said the German law will "empower" both parents and children.

Baratz's daughter Katie was born with male chromosomes, but has a DSD called complete androgen insensitivity syndrome.

Because her androgen receptors are faulty, Katie developed female characteristics.

She has a vagina, but no uterus or ovaries.

Now at 29, Katie is married and at the University of Pennsylvania, a resident in child psychiatry.

Though she is infertile, she hopes to become a parent through adoption or gestational surrogacy.

The law gives parents some space not to have to rush into making decisions themselves, said Baratz.

It gives them the time to do some tests and figure it out and a period of time before they write 'male' or 'female.'

This way, you are OK -- raise the child, love the child.

You have a wonderful baby and enjoy the fun.

We don't have to rush into surgery that is irreversible.

It brings the children into the decision and takes away the anxiety that motivates parents because they don't feel they are doing the right thing, she said.

Ultimately, the child will decide which sex he or she feels more comfortable with -- and that's a wonderful thing.

It empowers children to make the decision for themselves.

On behalf of the Ramnagar Tehsil Legal Services Committee and under the chairmanship of the committee chairman, Ramnagar Sub-Judge Sandip Kaur, a Legal Awareness Camp was organised at the Middle school, Dalher in Ramnagar.

In this camp awareness was raised about the right to education and information for financially underprivileged people.

Advocate M.L. Gupta, Rohin Bharadwaj and Sarpanch presented their views on the subject and gave lectures to the people in the camp.

A large number of villagers attended the camp.

Report: Obama campaign considered dumping Biden for Hillary Clinton

President Barack Obama's closest advisers secretly considered replacing Vice President Joe Biden with Hillary Clinton on the 2012 ticket, according to the New York Times.

The revelation is the most notable bombshell from Mark Halperin and John Heilemann's heavily anticipated 2012 campaign tome, "Double Down: Game Change 2012."

The Times obtained a copy of the forthcoming book and reported Thursday evening that the President's top aides conducted "extensive group-sessions and polling in late 2011" to gauge whether the dumping Biden could help bolster Obama's waning re-election hopes.

According to the Times' national political correspondent Jonathan Martin, the book provides a thorough account of the effort by senior officials inside the campaign and the White House, namely former White House Chief of Staff Bill Daley, to measure what effect swapping former Secretary of State Clinton for the Vice President would have in the polls.

The potential switch was a closely guarded secret within the Chicago campaign infrastructure and inside the Oval Office.

Only half a dozen of the President's closest advisers -- including Daley, former Obama campaign chief Jim Messina, and former White House senior advisers David Axelrod and David Plouffe -- knew the change was under consideration.

Double Down claims Daley spearheaded the effort to replace Biden, despite their "close personal rapport," before ultimately deciding against the move when their data showed adding Clinton to the ticket wouldn't "materially improve Obama's odds."

In an interview with Martin, Daley confirmed that the administration did in fact consider replacing Biden with Clinton.

I was vocal about looking into a whole bunch of things, and this was one of them, Daley told the paper.

You have to remember, at that point the President was in awful shape, so we were like, "Holy Christ, what do we do?"

While Daley characterized the research as "due diligence," Martin told CNN's Anderson Cooper that the re-election campaign made a significant investment in finding out whether the move would pay dividends at the polls.

Campaigns don't spend the kind of money on polling and focus groups unless they're seriously considering something, Martin said on AC360.

It's unclear, however, whether Obama knew his team was exploring the swap.

Martin told CNN that he asked Daley whether his then-boss knew about the potential shuffle.

While Daley said he doesn't think the President "was aware" of the potential change, the former chief of staff admitted that it's "possible" Obama knew.

Martin added that "Double Down" does not definitively answer whether the political probing reached Obama's desk.

Cooper asked Martin whether he seriously thought Obama did not know about the research into dumping Biden from the ticket.

Possibly, Martin replied.

Fancy a glow-in-the-dark ice cream?

A British entrepreneur has created the world's first glow-in-the-dark ice cream - using jellyfish.

Charlie Francis has harnessed the fluorescent properties of the marine animal to develop the luminescent snack.

He came up with the idea after reading a research paper on jellyfish and convinced scientists in China to chemically recreate the glowing protein.

The ice cream reacts with the eater's tongue - raising the pH level in the protein and making it glow.

Chris says because the ice cream lights up when it reacts with the heat of the mouth it means the more you lick, the brighter it becomes.

Charlie, founder of the "Lick Me I'm Delicious" ice cream company, said: "It is incredible stuff but still at very early days in terms of production, so £200 gets you about 2g of the stuff."

The protein we are using in the ice cream reacts with your tongue at neutral pH.

So as your mouth warms up the protein it will raise the pH level and the ice cream will glow.

We have been testing it out over the past few months and it seemed perfect to share it over Halloween because it gives that wonderful glow effect.

It is probably the most expensive ice cream I have made because the jellyfish luminescence is four times more expensive than gold.

So each scoop costs me around £140.

It tastes pretty good though.

Charlie's experimental company, based in Bristol, is famed for its unusual flavours including beer, cheese, beef and gold leaf.

But his next creation is set to be even more ambitious.

He said: "I really want to develop an invisible ice cream."

It is inherently impossible because of the refraction caused by the ice crystals which make up the ice cream, but I reckon we will find a way of doing it.

The ice cream harnesses the fluorescent properties of a jellyfish, synthesized by Chinese scientists

Rani Bagh Market was packed with customers.

The situation was such that people had to wait from 15 to 20 minutes to buy utensils.

The same was the case in Vajirpur, Avantika market, Rohini, Naharpur, Ashok Vihar, the Central Market, and the central market in Prashant Vihar.

There was a similar scene in the jewellery shops in Pitampura, Ashok Vihar, and Model Town.

Many people were shopping for gold and silver ornaments and coins.

Because of this, the outer ring road, along with other markets, were jammed with traffic.

Because of this people leaving the office had to spend hours in traffic jams on their way home.

Halloween 2013: By the Numbers

When I was little, Halloween was magical.