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Gene Symbol IVNS1ABP Involved in RNA splicing; negative regulation of protein ubiquitination; and response to virus. Located in cytosol. Implicated in immunodeficiency 70.
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IVNS1ABP
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Gene Symbol LINC01350
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LINC01350
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Gene Symbol HMCN1 This gene encodes a large extracellular member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. A similar protein in C. elegans forms long, fine tracks at specific extracellular sites that are involved in many processes such as stabilization of the germline syncytium, anchorage of mechanosensory neurons to the epidermis, and organization of hemidesmosomes in the epidermis. Mutations in this gene may be associated with age-related macular degeneration.
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HMCN1
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Gene Symbol PRG4 The protein encoded by this gene is a large proteoglycan that is synthesized by chondrocytes located at the surface of articular cartilage and by some synovial lining cells. This protein contains both chondroitin sulfate and keratan sulfate glycosaminoglycans. It functions as a boundary lubricant at the cartilage surface and contributes to the elastic absorption and energy dissipation of synovial fluid. Mutations in this gene result in camptodactyly-arthropathy-coxa vara-pericarditis syndrome. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
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PRG4
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Gene Symbol TPR This gene encodes a large coiled-coil protein that forms intranuclear filaments attached to the inner surface of nuclear pore complexes (NPCs). The protein directly interacts with several components of the NPC. It is required for the nuclear export of mRNAs and some proteins. Oncogenic fusions of the 5' end of this gene with several different kinase genes occur in some neoplasias.
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TPR
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Gene Symbol ODR4 Predicted to be involved in protein localization. Predicted to be integral component of membrane.
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ODR4
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Gene Symbol PDC This gene encodes a phosphoprotein, which is located in the outer and inner segments of the rod cells in the retina. This protein may participate in the regulation of visual phototransduction or in the integration of photoreceptor metabolism. It modulates the phototransduction cascade by interacting with the beta and gamma subunits of the retinal G-protein transducin. This gene is a potential candidate gene for retinitis pigmentosa and Usher syndrome type II. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified.
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PDC
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Gene Symbol PTGS2 Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), also known as cyclooxygenase, is the key enzyme in prostaglandin biosynthesis, and acts both as a dioxygenase and as a peroxidase. There are two isozymes of PTGS: a constitutive PTGS1 and an inducible PTGS2, which differ in their regulation of expression and tissue distribution. This gene encodes the inducible isozyme. It is regulated by specific stimulatory events, suggesting that it is responsible for the prostanoid biosynthesis involved in inflammation and mitogenesis.
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PTGS2
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Gene Symbol PACERR This gene represents transcription of a long non-coding RNA produced in antisense to the prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) gene. This transcript interacts with NF-kB transcriptional regulators to promote expression of PTGS2.
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PACERR
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Gene Symbol PLA2G4A This gene encodes a member of the cytosolic phospholipase A2 group IV family. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids to release arachidonic acid which is subsequently metabolized into eicosanoids. Eicosanoids, including prostaglandins and leukotrienes, are lipid-based cellular hormones that regulate hemodynamics, inflammatory responses, and other intracellular pathways. The hydrolysis reaction also produces lysophospholipids that are converted into platelet-activating factor. The enzyme is activated by increased intracellular Ca(2+) levels and phosphorylation, resulting in its translocation from the cytosol and nucleus to perinuclear membrane vesicles. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
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PLA2G4A
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Gene Symbol ERVMER61-1
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ERVMER61-1
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Gene Symbol LINC01035
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LINC01035
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Gene Symbol BRINP3 This gene is overexpressed in pituitary tumors but is underexpressed in tongue squamous cell carcinomas, ulcerative colitis, and peri-implantitis. Polymorphisms that increase expression of this gene have been shown to increase vascular inflammation, and an association of this gene with myocardial infarction has been demonstrated. Finally, hypermethylation of this gene may find usefulness as a biomarker for gastric cancer. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
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BRINP3
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Gene Symbol LINC01720
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LINC01720
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Gene Symbol LINC02770
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LINC02770
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Gene Symbol RGS18 This gene encodes a member of the regulator of G-protein signaling family. This protein is contains a conserved, 120 amino acid motif called the RGS domain. The protein attenuates the signaling activity of G-proteins by binding to activated, GTP-bound G alpha subunits and acting as a GTPase activating protein (GAP), increasing the rate of conversion of the GTP to GDP. This hydrolysis allows the G alpha subunits to bind G beta/gamma subunit heterodimers, forming inactive G-protein heterotrimers, thereby terminating the signal. Alternate transcriptional splice variants of this gene have been observed but have not been thoroughly characterized.
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RGS18
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Gene Symbol RGS21
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RGS21
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Gene Symbol RGS1 This gene encodes a member of the regulator of G-protein signalling family. This protein is located on the cytosolic side of the plasma membrane and contains a conserved, 120 amino acid motif called the RGS domain. The protein attenuates the signalling activity of G-proteins by binding to activated, GTP-bound G alpha subunits and acting as a GTPase activating protein (GAP), increasing the rate of conversion of the GTP to GDP. This hydrolysis allows the G alpha subunits to bind G beta/gamma subunit heterodimers, forming inactive G-protein heterotrimers, thereby terminating the signal.
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RGS1
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Gene Symbol RGS13 The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) family. RGS family members share similarity with S. cerevisiae SST2 and C. elegans egl-10 proteins, which contain a characteristic conserved RGS domain. RGS proteins accelerate GTPase activity of G protein alpha-subunits, thereby driving G protein into their inactive GDP-bound form, thus negatively regulating G protein signaling. RGS proteins have been implicated in the fine tuning of a variety of cellular events in response to G protein-coupled receptor activation. The biological function of this gene, however, is unknown. Two transcript variants encoding the same isoform exist.
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RGS13
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Gene Symbol RGS2 Regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) family members are regulatory molecules that act as GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) for G alpha subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins. RGS proteins are able to deactivate G protein subunits of the Gi alpha, Go alpha and Gq alpha subtypes. They drive G proteins into their inactive GDP-bound forms. Regulator of G protein signaling 2 belongs to this family. The protein acts as a mediator of myeloid differentiation and may play a role in leukemogenesis.
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RGS2
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Gene Symbol UCHL5 Enables endopeptidase inhibitor activity; proteasome binding activity; and thiol-dependent deubiquitinase. Involved in negative regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; positive regulation of smoothened signaling pathway; and protein deubiquitination. Located in cytosol; nucleolus; and nucleoplasm. Colocalizes with Ino80 complex.
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UCHL5
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Gene Symbol RO60 Enables RNA binding activity. Involved in cellular response to interferon-alpha and regulation of gene expression. Located in cytosol and nucleoplasm. Part of ribonucleoprotein complex.
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RO60
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Gene Symbol GLRX2 The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the glutaredoxin family of proteins, which maintain cellular thiol homeostasis. These proteins are thiol-disulfide oxidoreductases that use a glutathione-binding site and one or two active cysteines in their active site. This gene undergoes alternative splicing to produce multiple isoforms, one of which is ubiquitously expressed and localizes to mitochondria, where it functions in mitochondrial redox homeostasis and is important for the protection against and recovery from oxidative stress. Other isoforms, which have more restrictive expression patterns, show cytosolic and nuclear localization, and are thought to function in cellular differentiation and transformation, possibly with a role in tumor progression.
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GLRX2
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Gene Symbol CDC73 This gene encodes a tumor suppressor that is involved in transcriptional and post-transcriptional control pathways. The protein is a component of the the PAF protein complex, which associates with the RNA polymerase II subunit POLR2A and with a histone methyltransferase complex. This protein appears to facilitate the association of 3' mRNA processing factors with actively-transcribed chromatin. Mutations in this gene have been linked to hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome, familial isolated hyperparathyroidism, and parathyroid carcinoma.
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CDC73
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Gene Symbol B3GALT2 This gene is a member of the beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase (beta3GalT) gene family. This family encodes type II membrane-bound glycoproteins with diverse enzymatic functions using different donor substrates (UDP-galactose and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine) and different acceptor sugars (N-acetylglucosamine, galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine). The beta3GalT genes are distantly related to the Drosophila Brainiac gene and have the protein coding sequence contained in a single exon. The beta3GalT proteins also contain conserved sequences not found in the beta4GalT or alpha3GalT proteins. The carbohydrate chains synthesized by these enzymes are designated as type 1, whereas beta4GalT enzymes synthesize type 2 carbohydrate chains. The ratio of type 1:type 2 chains changes during embryogenesis. By sequence similarity, the beta3GalT genes fall into at least two groups: beta3GalT4 and 4 other beta3GalT genes (beta3GalT1-3, beta3GalT5). This gene encodes a protein that functions in N-linked glycoprotein glycosylation and shows strict donor substrate specificity for UDP-galactose.
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B3GALT2
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Gene Symbol LINC01031
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LINC01031
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Gene Symbol LINC01724
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LINC01724
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Gene Symbol KCNT2 Enables chloride-activated potassium channel activity. Involved in potassium ion export across plasma membrane. Located in plasma membrane. Implicated in developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 57.
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KCNT2
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Gene Symbol CFH This gene is a member of the Regulator of Complement Activation (RCA) gene cluster and encodes a protein with twenty short consensus repeat (SCR) domains. This protein is secreted into the bloodstream and has an essential role in the regulation of complement activation, restricting this innate defense mechanism to microbial infections. Mutations in this gene have been associated with hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) and chronic hypocomplementemic nephropathy. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized.
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CFH
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Gene Symbol ASPM This gene is the human ortholog of the Drosophila melanogaster 'abnormal spindle' gene (asp), which is essential for normal mitotic spindle function in embryonic neuroblasts. Studies in mouse also suggest a role of this gene in mitotic spindle regulation, with a preferential role in regulating neurogenesis. Mutations in this gene are associated with microcephaly primary type 5. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
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ASPM
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Gene Symbol ZBTB41 Predicted to enable DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific and RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Predicted to be involved in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Predicted to be located in nucleus.
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ZBTB41
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Gene Symbol CRB1 This gene encodes a protein which is similar to the Drosophila crumbs protein and localizes to the inner segment of mammalian photoreceptors. In Drosophila crumbs localizes to the stalk of the fly photoreceptor and may be a component of the molecular scaffold that controls proper development of polarity in the eye. Mutations in this gene are associated with a severe form of retinitis pigmentosa, RP12, and with Leber congenital amaurosis. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants, some protein coding and some non-protein coding.
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CRB1
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Gene Symbol DENND1B
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DENND1B
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Gene Symbol C1orf53
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C1orf53
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Gene Symbol NEK7
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NEK7
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Gene Symbol ATP6V1G3 This gene encodes a component of vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme that mediates acidification of eukaryotic intracellular organelles. V-ATPase dependent organelle acidification is necessary for such intracellular processes as protein sorting, zymogen activation, receptor-mediated endocytosis, and synaptic vesicle proton gradient generation. V-ATPase is composed of a cytosolic V1 domain and a transmembrane V0 domain. The V1 domain consists of three A and three B subunits, two G subunits plus the C, D, E, F, and H subunits. The V1 domain contains the ATP catalytic site. The V0 domain consists of five different subunits: a, c, c', c'' and d. Additional isoforms of many of the V1 and V0 subunit proteins are encoded by multiple genes or alternatively spliced transcript variants. This gene encodes one of three G subunit proteins. Transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
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ATP6V1G3
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Gene Symbol PTPRC The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitosis, and oncogenic transformation. This PTP contains an extracellular domain, a single transmembrane segment and two tandem intracytoplasmic catalytic domains, and thus is classified as a receptor type PTP. This PTP has been shown to be an essential regulator of T- and B-cell antigen receptor signaling. It functions through either direct interaction with components of the antigen receptor complexes, or by activating various Src family kinases required for the antigen receptor signaling. This PTP also suppresses JAK kinases, and thus functions as a regulator of cytokine receptor signaling. Alternatively spliced transcripts variants of this gene, which encode distinct isoforms, have been reported.
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PTPRC
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Gene Symbol MIR181A1HG
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MIR181A1HG
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Gene Symbol LINC01222
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LINC01222
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Gene Symbol LINC01221
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LINC01221
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Gene Symbol LINC02789
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LINC02789
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Gene Symbol NR5A2 The protein encoded by this gene is a DNA-binding zinc finger transcription factor and is a member of the fushi tarazu factor-1 subfamily of orphan nuclear receptors. The encoded protein is involved in the expression of genes for hepatitis B virus and cholesterol biosynthesis, and may be an important regulator of embryonic development.
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NR5A2
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Gene Symbol LINC00862 Predicted to be integral component of membrane.
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LINC00862
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Gene Symbol ZNF281 Enables DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific and RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Involved in negative regulation of gene expression; negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; and positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated. Located in nucleoplasm.
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ZNF281
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Gene Symbol KIF14 This gene encodes a member of the kinesin-3 superfamily of microtubule motor proteins. These proteins are involved in numerous processes including vesicle transport, chromosome segregation, mitotic spindle formation, and cytokinesis. In human HeLa-S3 and 293T cells, this protein is localized to the cytoplasm during interphase, to the spindle poles and spindle microtubules during mitosis, and to the midbody during cytokinesis. An internal motor domain displays microtubule-dependent ATPase activity, consistent with its function as a microtubule motor protein. Knockdown of this gene results in failed cytokinesis with endoreplication, which results in multinucleated cells. This gene has been identified as a likely oncogene in breast, lung and ovarian cancers, as well as retinoblastomas and gliomas. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
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KIF14
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Gene Symbol DDX59 Predicted to enable RNA binding activity and RNA helicase activity. Predicted to be located in cytoplasm and nucleus. Predicted to be integral component of membrane. Implicated in orofaciodigital syndrome V.
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DDX59
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Gene Symbol DDX59-AS1
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DDX59-AS1
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Gene Symbol CAMSAP2 Enables microtubule minus-end binding activity. Involved in several processes, including axon development; regulation of dendrite development; and regulation of organelle organization. Located in cytosol and microtubule end. Colocalizes with Golgi apparatus; centrosome; and microtubule minus-end.
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CAMSAP2
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Gene Symbol GPR25 This gene is intronless and encodes a member of the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. G-protein coupled receptors are membrane proteins which activate signaling cascades as a response to extracellular stress. This gene has been linked to arterial stiffness.
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GPR25
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Gene Symbol INAVA Involved in several processes, including nucleotide-binding activity oligomerization domain containing 2 signaling pathway; positive regulation of cytokine production; and positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction. Located in cytoplasm and nucleus. Implicated in inflammatory bowel disease 29.
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INAVA
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Gene Symbol KIF21B This gene encodes a member of the kinesin superfamily. Kinesins are ATP-dependent microtubule-based motor proteins that are involved in the intracellular transport of membranous organelles. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in this gene are associated with inflammatory bowel disease and multiple sclerosis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene.
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KIF21B
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Gene Symbol CACNA1S This gene encodes one of the five subunits of the slowly inactivating L-type voltage-dependent calcium channel in skeletal muscle cells. Mutations in this gene have been associated with hypokalemic periodic paralysis, thyrotoxic periodic paralysis and malignant hyperthermia susceptibility.
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CACNA1S
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Gene Symbol ASCL5 Predicted to enable DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific and RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Predicted to be involved in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Predicted to be part of RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex and chromatin.
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ASCL5
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Gene Symbol TMEM9 Involved in intracellular pH reduction; positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway; and proton-transporting V-type ATPase complex assembly. Located in bounding membrane of organelle; intercellular bridge; and mitotic spindle.
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TMEM9
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Gene Symbol PHLDA3 Enables phosphatidylinositol phosphate binding activity and phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate binding activity. Involved in intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator; negative regulation of protein kinase B signaling; and positive regulation of apoptotic process. Located in plasma membrane.
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PHLDA3
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Gene Symbol CSRP1 This gene encodes a member of the cysteine-rich protein (CSRP) family. This gene family includes a group of LIM domain proteins, which may be involved in regulatory processes important for development and cellular differentiation. The LIM/double zinc-finger motif found in this gene product occurs in proteins with critical functions in gene regulation, cell growth, and somatic differentiation. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described.
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CSRP1
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Gene Symbol NAV1 This gene belongs to the neuron navigator family and is expressed predominantly in the nervous system. The encoded protein contains coiled-coil domains and a conserved AAA domain characteristic for ATPases associated with a variety of cellular activities. This gene is similar to unc-53, a Caenorhabditis elegans gene involved in axon guidance. The exact function of this gene is not known, but it is thought to play a role in in neuronal development and regeneration. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
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NAV1
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Gene Symbol IPO9-AS1
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IPO9-AS1
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Gene Symbol IPO9 Enables nuclear import signal receptor activity. Involved in protein import into nucleus. Located in cytoplasm.
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IPO9
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Gene Symbol SHISA4 Predicted to be integral component of membrane.
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SHISA4
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Gene Symbol LMOD1 The leiomodin 1 protein has a putative membrane-spanning region and 2 types of tandemly repeated blocks. The transcript is expressed in all tissues tested, with the highest levels in thyroid, eye muscle, skeletal muscle, and ovary. Increased expression of leiomodin 1 may be linked to Graves' disease and thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.
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LMOD1
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Gene Symbol TIMM17A Predicted to contribute to protein transmembrane transporter activity. Predicted to be involved in protein import into mitochondrial matrix. Located in mitochondrial inner membrane and nucleoplasm. Is integral component of mitochondrial inner membrane. Part of TIM23 mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase complex.
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TIMM17A
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Gene Symbol RNPEP Predicted to enable metalloaminopeptidase activity. Predicted to be involved in proteolysis. Located in extracellular exosome.
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RNPEP
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Gene Symbol ELF3-AS1
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ELF3-AS1
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Gene Symbol ELF3 Enables DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific and sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding activity. Involved in inflammatory response; negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; and positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Located in Golgi apparatus; cytosol; and nucleoplasm.
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ELF3
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Gene Symbol GPR37L1 Enables G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity; peptide binding activity; and prosaposin receptor activity. Involved in adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway and positive regulation of MAPK cascade. Located in plasma membrane. Part of receptor complex.
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GPR37L1
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Gene Symbol ARL8A Enables GTP binding activity. Predicted to be involved in chromosome segregation. Located in cytoplasm; midbody; and spindle midzone.
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ARL8A
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Gene Symbol PTPN7 The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. This gene is preferentially expressed in a variety of hematopoietic cells, and is an early response gene in lymphokine stimulated cells. The non-catalytic N-terminus of this PTP can interact with MAP kinases and suppress the MAP kinase activities. This PTP was shown to be involved in the regulation of T cell antigen receptor (TCR) signaling, which was thought to function through dephosphorylating the molecules related to MAP kinase pathway. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene.
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PTPN7
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Gene Symbol LGR6 This gene encodes a member of the leucine-rich repeat-containing subgroup of the G protein-coupled 7-transmembrane protein superfamily. The encoded protein is a glycoprotein hormone receptor with a large N-terminal extracellular domain that contains leucine-rich repeats important for the formation of a horseshoe-shaped interaction motif for ligand binding. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants.
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LGR6
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Gene Symbol UBE2T The protein encoded by this gene catalyzes the covalent attachment of ubiquitin to protein substrates. Defects in this gene have been associated with Fanconi anemia of complementation group T. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
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UBE2T
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Gene Symbol PPP1R12B Myosin phosphatase is a protein complex comprised of three subunits: a catalytic subunit (PP1c-delta, protein phosphatase 1, catalytic subunit delta), a large regulatory subunit (MYPT, myosin phosphatase target) and small regulatory subunit (sm-M20). Two isoforms of MYPT have been isolated--MYPT1 and MYPT2, the first of which is widely expressed, and the second of which may be specific to heart, skeletal muscle, and brain. Each of the MYPT isoforms functions to bind PP1c-delta and increase phosphatase activity. This locus encodes both MYTP2 and M20. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. Related pseudogenes have been defined on the Y chromosome.
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PPP1R12B
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Gene Symbol SYT2 This gene encodes a synaptic vesicle membrane protein. The encoded protein is thought to function as a calcium sensor in vesicular trafficking and exocytosis. Mutations in this gene are associated with myasthenic syndrome, presynaptic, congenital, with or without motor neuropathy. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
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SYT2
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Gene Symbol KDM5B This gene encodes a lysine-specific histone demethylase that belongs to the jumonji/ARID domain-containing family of histone demethylases. The encoded protein is capable of demethylating tri-, di- and monomethylated lysine 4 of histone H3. This protein plays a role in the transcriptional repression or certain tumor suppressor genes and is upregulated in certain cancer cells. This protein may also play a role in genome stability and DNA repair. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
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KDM5B
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Gene Symbol PCAT6
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PCAT6
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Gene Symbol RABIF This gene encodes a member of the SCE4/YPT1/RAB family of small GTP-binding proteins that are involved in the regulation of intracellular vesicular transport. This protein stimulates GTP-GDP exchange in SEC4, and to a lesser extent in YPT1 and RAB3A, and may play a general role in vesicular transport.
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RABIF
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Gene Symbol KLHL12 This gene encodes a member of the KLHL (Kelch-like) family of proteins. This protein has been identified as an autoantigen in the autoimmune disease Sjogren's syndrome and as a potential biomarker in primary biliary cirrhosis. This protein may act as a substrate adaptor of the Cullin-3 ubiquitin ligase complex to promote substrate-specific ubiquitylation. Ubiquitylation by this complex has been shown to regulate the Wnt signaling pathway as well as COPII vesicle coat size. A pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 22. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
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KLHL12
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Gene Symbol ADIPOR1 This gene encodes a protein which acts as a receptor for adiponectin, a hormone secreted by adipocytes which regulates fatty acid catabolism and glucose levels. Binding of adiponectin to the encoded protein results in activation of an AMP-activated kinase signaling pathway which affects levels of fatty acid oxidation and insulin sensitivity. A pseudogene of this gene is located on chromosome 14. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene.
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ADIPOR1
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Gene Symbol CYB5R1 Predicted to enable FAD binding activity. Predicted to be involved in bicarbonate transport. Located in extracellular exosome; membrane; and mitochondrion.
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CYB5R1
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Gene Symbol TMEM183A Predicted to be involved in regulation of protein stability. Predicted to be integral component of membrane. Predicted to be part of SCF ubiquitin ligase complex.
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TMEM183A
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Gene Symbol PPFIA4
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PPFIA4
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Gene Symbol ADORA1 The protein encoded by this gene is an adenosine receptor that belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. There are 3 types of adenosine receptors, each with a specific pattern of ligand binding and tissue distribution, and together they regulate a diverse set of physiologic functions. The type A1 receptors inhibit adenylyl cyclase, and play a role in the fertilization process. Animal studies also suggest a role for A1 receptors in kidney function and ethanol intoxication. Transcript variants with alternative splicing in the 5' UTR have been found for this gene.
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ADORA1
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Gene Symbol MYBPH Predicted to be a structural constituent of muscle. Predicted to be involved in regulation of striated muscle contraction. Predicted to be located in myosin filament.
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MYBPH
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Gene Symbol CHIT1 Chitotriosidase is secreted by activated human macrophages and is markedly elevated in plasma of Gaucher disease patients. The expression of chitotriosidase occurs only at a late stage of differentiation of monocytes to activated macrophages in culture. Human macrophages can synthesize a functional chitotriosidase, a highly conserved enzyme with a strongly regulated expression. This enzyme may play a role in the degradation of chitin-containing pathogens. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described for this gene.
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CHIT1
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Gene Symbol LINC01353
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LINC01353
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Gene Symbol BTG2 The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the BTG/Tob family. This family has structurally related proteins that appear to have antiproliferative properties. This encoded protein is involved in the regulation of the G1/S transition of the cell cycle.
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BTG2
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Gene Symbol FMOD Fibromodulin belongs to the family of small interstitial proteoglycans. The encoded protein possesses a central region containing leucine-rich repeats with 4 keratan sulfate chains, flanked by terminal domains containing disulphide bonds. Owing to the interaction with type I and type II collagen fibrils and in vitro inhibition of fibrillogenesis, the encoded protein may play a role in the assembly of extracellular matrix. It may also regulate TGF-beta activities by sequestering TGF-beta into the extracellular matrix. Sequence variations in this gene may be associated with the pathogenesis of high myopia. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
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FMOD
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Gene Symbol PRELP The protein encoded by this gene is a leucine-rich repeat protein present in connective tissue extracellular matrix. This protein functions as a molecule anchoring basement membranes to the underlying connective tissue. This protein has been shown to bind type I collagen to basement membranes and type II collagen to cartilage. It also binds the basement membrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan perlecan. This protein is suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria (HGP), which is reported to lack the binding of collagen in basement membranes and cartilage. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been observed.
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PRELP
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Gene Symbol ATP2B4 The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the family of P-type primary ion transport ATPases characterized by the formation of an aspartyl phosphate intermediate during the reaction cycle. These enzymes remove bivalent calcium ions from eukaryotic cells against very large concentration gradients and play a critical role in intracellular calcium homeostasis. The mammalian plasma membrane calcium ATPase isoforms are encoded by at least four separate genes and the diversity of these enzymes is further increased by alternative splicing of transcripts. The expression of different isoforms and splice variants is regulated in a developmental, tissue- and cell type-specific manner, suggesting that these pumps are functionally adapted to the physiological needs of particular cells and tissues. This gene encodes the plasma membrane calcium ATPase isoform 4. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified.
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ATP2B4
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Gene Symbol LAX1 Enables SH2 domain binding activity and protein kinase binding activity. Involved in several processes, including B cell activation; negative regulation of MAP kinase activity; and negative regulation of T cell activation. Located in Golgi apparatus; cytosol; and plasma membrane. Is integral component of membrane.
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LAX1
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Gene Symbol ZC3H11A Enables RNA binding activity. Involved in poly(A)+ mRNA export from nucleus. Colocalizes with transcription export complex.
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ZC3H11A
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Gene Symbol ZBED6 The protein encoded by this transposon-derived intronless gene is a transcriptional repressor that binds to the consensus sequence 5'-GCTCGC-3'. The encoded protein has been shown to repress IGF2 transcription. This gene is located within the first intron of the ZC3H11A gene.
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ZBED6
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Gene Symbol SNRPE The protein encoded by this gene is a core component of U small nuclear ribonucleoproteins, which are key components of the pre-mRNA processing spliceosome. The encoded protein plays a role in the 3' end processing of histone transcripts. This protein is one of the targets in the autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus, and mutations in this gene have been associated with hypotrichosis. Several pseudogenes of this gene have been identified.
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SNRPE
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Gene Symbol SOX13 This gene encodes a member of the SOX (SRY-related HMG-box) family of transcription factors involved in the regulation of embryonic development and in the determination of cell fate. The encoded protein may act as a transcriptional regulator after forming a protein complex with other proteins. It has also been determined to be a type-1 diabetes autoantigen, also known as islet cell antibody 12.
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SOX13
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Gene Symbol ETNK2 The protein encoded by this gene is a member of choline/ethanolamine kinase family which catalyzes the first step of phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn) biosynthesis via the cytidine diphosphate (CDP) ethanolamine pathway. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
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ETNK2
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Gene Symbol REN This gene encodes renin, an aspartic protease that is secreted by the kidneys. Renin is a part of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system involved in regulation of blood pressure, and electrolyte balance. This enzyme catalyzes the first step in the activation pathway of angiotensinogen by cleaving angiotensinogen to form angiotensin I, which is then converted to angiotensin II by angiotensin I converting enzyme. This cascade can result in aldosterone release, narrowing of blood vessels, and increase in blood pressure as angiotension II is a vasoconstrictive peptide. Transcript variants that encode different protein isoforms and that arise from alternative splicing and the use of alternative promoters have been described, but their full-length nature has not been determined. Mutations in this gene have been shown to cause hyperuricemic nephropathy familial juvenile 2, familial hyperproreninemia, and renal tubular dysgenesis.
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REN
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Gene Symbol GOLT1A Predicted to be involved in endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport. Located in Golgi apparatus subcompartment; endoplasmic reticulum; and nuclear envelope.
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GOLT1A
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Gene Symbol PLEKHA6
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PLEKHA6
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Gene Symbol PPP1R15B This gene encodes a protein phosphatase I-interacting protein that promotes the dephosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A to regulate translation under conditions of cellular stress. The transcribed messenger RNA contains two upstream open reading frames (ORFs) that repress translation of the main protein coding ORF under normal conditions, while the protein coding ORF is expressed at high levels in response to stress. Continual translation of the mRNA under conditions of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A inactivation is thought to create a feedback loop for reactivation of the gene during recovery from stress. In addition, it has been shown that this protein plays a role in membrane traffic that is independent of translation and that it is required for exocytosis from erythroleukemia cells. Allelic variants of this gene are associated with microcephaly, short stature, and impaired glucose metabolism.
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PPP1R15B
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Gene Symbol PIK3C2B The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) family. PI3-kinases play roles in signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation, oncogenic transformation, cell survival, cell migration, and intracellular protein trafficking. This protein contains a lipid kinase catalytic domain as well as a C-terminal C2 domain, a characteristic of class II PI3-kinases. C2 domains act as calcium-dependent phospholipid binding motifs that mediate translocation of proteins to membranes, and may also mediate protein-protein interactions. The PI3-kinase activity of this protein is sensitive to low nanomolar levels of the inhibitor wortmanin. The C2 domain of this protein was shown to bind phospholipids but not Ca2+, which suggests that this enzyme may function in a calcium-independent manner.
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PIK3C2B
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Gene Symbol MDM4 This gene encodes a nuclear protein that contains a p53 binding domain at the N-terminus and a RING finger domain at the C-terminus, and shows structural similarity to p53-binding protein MDM2. Both proteins bind the p53 tumor suppressor protein and inhibit its activity, and have been shown to be overexpressed in a variety of human cancers. However, unlike MDM2 which degrades p53, this protein inhibits p53 by binding its transcriptional activation domain. This protein also interacts with MDM2 protein via the RING finger domain, and inhibits the latter's degradation. So this protein can reverse MDM2-targeted degradation of p53, while maintaining suppression of p53 transactivation and apoptotic functions. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been noted for this gene.
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MDM4
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