latest development with the ukranian war
Peter Beaumont; Elena Morresi; Paul Scruton
2024-08-13
<div><div><h2>What is happening with Ukraine’s incursion into Russia and how far has it got?</h2><p>Ukraine launched a surprise <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/aug/13/ukraine-kursk-offensive-1000-square-km-of-russia-seized-incursion">incursion with armour and infantry</a> into the Kursk and Belgorod regions of Russia on 6 August, involving thousands of troops amounting to 14 brigades. While initial details of the attack were murky, both Kyiv and Moscow have now acknowledged the operation into the Russian border regions, while independent analysts have verified claims about the scale of the advance by geolocating images posted by Ukrainian troops.</p><p>This footage shows Ukrainian soldiers raising the Ukrainian flag in Guevo, and taking down the Russian flag from a building in Daryino:</p><p>In his recent first public comments on the operation, Ukraine’s top military commander, Gen Oleksandr Syrskyi, claimed on Monday that <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/ukraine">Ukraine</a> now controlled about 1,000 sq km (386 sq miles) of the region.</p><p>The claim was largely confirmed on the Russian side. Alexei Smirnov, the acting governor of the Kursk region, told the Russian president, <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/vladimir-putin">Vladimir Putin</a>, via a videoconference briefing on Monday that Ukrainian forces controlled 28 Russian settlements, including towns and villages up to 18 miles (30km) inside Russia.</p><p>Footage from just outside the village of Glushkovo in Kursk showed damage to a bridge crossing the Seym River:</p><p>Video from Kursk’s Belovsky district showed damage to cars and roads:</p><p>Despite claims by Russian military bloggers on Sunday that the situation had stabilised, new incursions into western Kursk were reported north-west of the Ukrainian city of Sumy.</p><p>According to the Institute for the Study of War, geolocated footage showed that Ukrainian forces had recently been conducting operations in Sudzha and northern Zaoleshenka. Some Russian bloggers claimed that Ukraine had seized Sudzha.</p><p>Footage posted on social media appeared to show ambushes on rival columns around Sudzha, including on Ukrainian forces in the village of Giri.</p><p>The ISW said its assessment was that Ukrainian forces did not control all of the territory “within the maximalist extent” of claimed advances.</p><p>Smirnov said 121,000 people had been evacuated from their homes in the Kursk region, while 11,000 had been evacuated from Belgorod region.</p><h2>What sort of resistance has Ukraine faced?</h2><p>While Ukraine has previously launched numerous small incursions and sabotage raids into Russian border regions, the scale of this incursion caught Moscow off guard and it initially struggled to respond to the attack.</p><p>Since the weekend Moscow has announced a sweeping counter-terror operation in Kursk and two other border regions. The Russian defence ministry said on Sunday that its forces were fighting Ukrainian troops “in the areas of the settlements of Tolpino, Zhuravli and Obshchy Kolodez”.</p><figure><a href="#EmailSignup-skip-link-19">skip past newsletter promotion</a><p>after newsletter promotion</p></figure><figure><div></div><figcaption> Photograph: Russian defence ministry /EPA</figcaption></figure><p>Maria Zakharova, a foreign ministry spokesperson, said a tough response from Russia’s armed forces “will not take long”.</p><p>The Russian defence ministry said its forces had also blocked an attempt by Ukrainian mobile groups to forge deep into Russian territory near Kauchuk.</p><p>The Russian ally Belarus has also said it was increasing its own troop numbers at its border after claiming Ukraine had entered its airspace with drones.</p><p>Pasi Paroinen, an analyst with the Finland-based Black Bird Group open-source intelligence agency, which monitors the war, said the toughest phase of Ukraine’s incursion was likely to begin now as Russian reserves entered the fray.</p><h2>Why is Ukraine doing it?</h2><p>While the Ukrainian operation is under tight secrecy, and its goals remain unclear, the advance brings Kyiv’s forces closer to key supply lines inside Russia supporting Russia’s ongoing offensive in eastern Ukraine.</p><p>Sudzha in Kursk is also the site of the only pumping station for Russian natural gas to reach <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/europe-news">Europe</a> through Ukraine.</p><p>Ukraine’s president, <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/volodymyr-zelenskiy">Volodymyr Zelenskiy</a>, said on Sunday that the incursion was designed “to put pressure on the aggressor Russia” and push “the war into the aggressor’s territory”. Zelenskiy said thousands of strikes on Ukraine’s territory launched from Russia’s Kursk region deserved a fair response.</p><p>Speaking on Monday at a meeting with top security and defence officials, Putin said the attack appeared to reflect Kyiv’s attempt to achieve a better negotiating position in possible future talks to end the war.</p><div><p>Putin added that Ukraine might have hoped the attack would cause public unrest in Russia, but it had failed to do so. He claimed the number of volunteers to join the Russian military had increased because of the assault. </p><p>
 “It’s obvious that the enemy will keep trying to destabilise the situation in the border zone to try to destabilise the domestic political situation in our country,” Putin said. Russia’s main task was, he said, to “drive the enemy out of our territories and, together with the border service, to ensure reliable cover of the state border”.</p></div></div></div>||||I||||Skip to main contentSkip to navigation
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 View image in fullscreen

 Ukrainian servicemen operate an armoured military vehicle in the Sumy region near the border with Russia on Sunday. Photograph: Roman Pilipey/AFP/Getty Images

 Ukraine’s incursion into Russia explained in maps, footage and photos

 Ukrainian servicemen operate an armoured military vehicle in the Sumy region near the border with Russia on Sunday. Photograph: Roman Pilipey/AFP/Getty Images

 Thousands of Ukrainian troops have entered the Kursk and Belgorod regions and are said to be controlling border territories

 * Russia-Ukraine war – latest news updates
 By Peter Beaumont , Elena Morresi and Paul Scruton
 Tue 13 Aug 2024 10.12 EDT Last modified on Tue 13 Aug 2024 10.40 EDT
 Share

 What is happening with Ukraine’s incursion into Russia and how far has it got?

 Ukraine launched a surprise incursion with armour and infantry into the Kursk and Belgorod regions of Russia on 6 August, involving thousands of troops amounting to 14 brigades. While initial details of the attack were murky, both Kyiv and Moscow have now acknowledged the operation into the Russian border regions, while independent analysts have verified claims about the scale of the advance by geolocating images posted by Ukrainian troops.

 Map

 This footage shows Ukrainian soldiers raising the Ukrainian flag in Guevo, and taking down the Russian flag from a building in Daryino:

 Ukraine incursion flag footage.

 In his recent first public comments on the operation, Ukraine’s top military commander, Gen Oleksandr Syrskyi, claimed on Monday that Ukraine now controlled about 1,000 sq km (386 sq miles) of the region.

 The claim was largely confirmed on the Russian side. Alexei Smirnov, the acting governor of the Kursk region, told the Russian president, Vladimir Putin, via a videoconference briefing on Monday that Ukrainian forces controlled 28 Russian settlements, including towns and villages up to 18 miles (30km) inside Russia.

 Footage from just outside the village of Glushkovo in Kursk showed damage to a bridge crossing the Seym River:

 Bridge damage footage.

 Video from Kursk’s Belovsky district showed damage to cars and roads:

 Belovksy damage footage.

 Despite claims by Russian military bloggers on Sunday that the situation had stabilised, new incursions into western Kursk were reported north-west of the Ukrainian city of Sumy.

 According to the Institute for the Study of War, geolocated footage showed that Ukrainian forces had recently been conducting operations in Sudzha and northern Zaoleshenka. Some Russian bloggers claimed that Ukraine had seized Sudzha.

 Footage posted on social media appeared to show ambushes on rival columns around Sudzha, including on Ukrainian forces in the village of Giri.

 The ISW said its assessment was that Ukrainian forces did not control all of the territory “within the maximalist extent” of claimed advances.

 Smirnov said 121,000 people had been evacuated from their homes in the Kursk region, while 11,000 had been evacuated from Belgorod region.

 What sort of resistance has Ukraine faced?

 While Ukraine has previously launched numerous small incursions and sabotage raids into Russian border regions, the scale of this incursion caught Moscow off guard and it initially struggled to respond to the attack.

 Since the weekend Moscow has announced a sweeping counter-terror operation in Kursk and two other border regions. The Russian defence ministry said on Sunday that its forces were fighting Ukrainian troops “in the areas of the settlements of Tolpino, Zhuravli and Obshchy Kolodez”.

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 View image in fullscreen

 A still image taken from a handout video provided by Russia showing a Lancet drone ready to strike a Ukrainian mobile missile launcher on Monday. Photograph: Russian defence ministry /EPA

 Maria Zakharova, a foreign ministry spokesperson, said a tough response from Russia’s armed forces “will not take long”.

 The Russian defence ministry said its forces had also blocked an attempt by Ukrainian mobile groups to forge deep into Russian territory near Kauchuk.

 The Russian ally Belarus has also said it was increasing its own troop numbers at its border after claiming Ukraine had entered its airspace with drones.

 Pasi Paroinen, an analyst with the Finland-based Black Bird Group open-source intelligence agency, which monitors the war, said the toughest phase of Ukraine’s incursion was likely to begin now as Russian reserves entered the fray.

 Why is Ukraine doing it?

 While the Ukrainian operation is under tight secrecy, and its goals remain unclear, the advance brings Kyiv’s forces closer to key supply lines inside Russia supporting Russia’s ongoing offensive in eastern Ukraine.

 Map

 Sudzha in Kursk is also the site of the only pumping station for Russian natural gas to reach Europe through Ukraine.

 Ukraine’s president, Volodymyr Zelenskiy, said on Sunday that the incursion was designed “to put pressure on the aggressor Russia” and push “the war into the aggressor’s territory”. Zelenskiy said thousands of strikes on Ukraine’s territory launched from Russia’s Kursk region deserved a fair response.

 Speaking on Monday at a meeting with top security and defence officials, Putin said the attack appeared to reflect Kyiv’s attempt to achieve a better negotiating position in possible future talks to end the war.

 Putin added that Ukraine might have hoped the attack would cause public unrest in Russia, but it had failed to do so. He claimed the number of volunteers to join the Russian military had increased because of the assault.

 “It’s obvious that the enemy will keep trying to destabilise the situation in the border zone to try to destabilise the domestic political situation in our country,” Putin said. Russia’s main task was, he said, to “drive the enemy out of our territories and, together with the border service, to ensure reliable cover of the state border”.

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Ukraine’s incursion into Russia explained in maps, footage and photos
https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/aug/13/ukraines-incursion-into-russia-explained-in-maps-footage-and-photos
None
2023-02-23T18:58:00Z
<div><div><div><ul><li><span>On the first anniversary of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, we look back at the key events of the past 12 months.</span></li><li><span>These include military developments, as well as the economic and human crisis that the conflict has caused.</span></li><li><span>Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy called for greater support for his country during live addresses at two World Economic Forum Annual Meetings in Davos.</span></li></ul></div><p>On the first anniversary of Russian President Vladimir Putin ordering his armies to invade Ukraine, his forces remain locked in a bloody war of attrition. </p><p></p><h2>Russia's invasion of Ukraine: 1-year timeline</h2><p></p><p>As the conflict which shook the world marks its first anniversary, here’s a timeline of the key events fo far:</p><p></p><h3>February 2022</h3><p></p><p>On 24 February, Putin launches what he describes as a “special military operation”, ordering<a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukraine-war-major-developments-since-russias-invasion-2023-02-16/"> tens of thousands of Russian troops into neighbouring Ukraine</a> from the north, east and south. 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EU leaders agreed in principle to cut 90% of oil imports from Russia by the end of the year.</p><p></p><h3>July 2022</h3><p></p><div><a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/eu-rolls-out-plan-cut-russia-gas-dependency-this-year-end-it-within-decade-2022-03-08/"><p></p></a><figcaption><span>The EU imported almost half its gas from Russia in 2021.</span><span> Image: Reuters.</span></figcaption></div><p>Moscow and Kyiv agree a deal to re-open Ukraine’s Black Sea ports which had been blockaded by the Russian navy. There are hopes that the breakthrough will ease the global food crisis. </p><p></p><h3>August 2022</h3><p></p><p></p><h3>September 2022</h3><p></p><p><a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/no-stream-eu-gas-markets-brace-price-surge-after-latest-russia-gas-cut-2022-09-04/">European gas prices spike by as much as 30%</a> after Russia says one of its main gas supply pipelines to Europe will remain closed indefinitely. Gazprom had initially said the Nord Stream 1 pipeline had been closed for temporary maintenance work. </p><div><a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/kremlin-says-no-decisions-taken-border-closure-amid-mobilisation-2022-09-26/"><p></p></a><figcaption><span>A traffic jam near Russia’s border with Georgia on 25 September, 2022.</span><span> Image: Reuters.</span></figcaption></div><p>“Any decision to proceed with the annexation of Donetsk, Luhansk, Kherson and Zaporizhzhia regions of Ukraine would have no legal value and deserves to be condemned," United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres tells reporters. </p><p></p><h3>October 2022</h3><p></p><p></p><h3>November 2022</h3><p></p><p><a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russia-orders-pullout-west-bank-dnipro-kherson-2022-11-09/">Russia orders its forces to abandon Kherson</a>, the only regional capital it had captured so far. The Kherson region was one of four that Putin had said would be part of Russia “forever”. </p><div><a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukraines-zelenskiy-russians-shell-kherson-region-258-times-week-2022-11-28/"><p></p></a><figcaption><span>President Zelenskyy visits newly liberated Kherson on 14 November, 2022.</span><span> Image: Reuters.</span></figcaption></div><p>"Russia's bombing of (Ukraine's) infrastructure is clearly a tactic to increase human suffering," EU Energy Commissioner Kadri Simson says.</p><div><p><span>Discover</span></p><p><span>What's the World Economic Forum doing about the transition to clean energy? </span></p></div><p></p><h3>December 2022</h3><p></p><p></p><h3>January 2023</h3><p></p><p>Reinforced by recruits, <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukraine-war-major-developments-since-russias-invasion-2023-02-16/">Russian forces make their first battlefield gains in months</a>, capturing the salt-mining town of Soledar in eastern Donetsk province. 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Here’s how</a></h5></li><li><h5><a href="https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2022/12/ukraines-reconstruction-must-be-green-inclusive-and-technology-driven">Ukraine's reconstruction must be green, inclusive and technology-driven</a></h5></li></ul></div><div><p>Accept our marketing cookies to access this content.</p><p>These cookies are currently disabled in your browser.</p></div></div></div>||||I||||      * Consent
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                                www.linkedin.com
                                2
                                  JSESSIONID [x2] Preserves users states across page requests.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                            + resourcewatch.org
                                4
                                  __Host-next-auth.csrf-token Ensures visitor browsing-security by preventing cross-site request forgery. This cookie is essential for the security of the website and visitor.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  __Secure-next-auth.callback-url Used in order to detect spam and improve the website's security.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  connect.sid The cookie is necessary for secure log-in and the detection of any spam or abuse of the website.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  nextauth.message Preserves users states across page requests.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                            + tag.aticdn.net
                                3
                                  _cookie_test [x3] This cookie determines whether the browser accepts cookies.
                                    Expiry : 1 day Type : HTTP Cookie
                              + weforum.file.force.com
                                weforum--c.documentforce.com
                                10
                                  CookieConsentPolicy [x5] Stores the user's cookie consent state for the current domain
                                    Expiry : 1 year Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  LSKey-c$CookieConsentPolicy [x5] Determines whether the user has accepted the cookie consent box.
                                    Expiry : 1 year Type : HTTP Cookie
                            + widget.sndcdn.com
                                1
                                  sc_anonymous_id Used in context with the 3D-view-function on the website.
                                    Expiry : 10 years Type : HTTP Cookie
                      * Preferences 25
                        Preference cookies enable a website to remember information that changes the way the website behaves or looks, like your preferred language or the region that you are in.
                            + Acast
                                1
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  AcastLang This cookie is used to determine the preferred language of the visitor and sets the language accordingly on the website, if possible.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                            + LinkedIn
                                3
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  lang Necessary for maintaining language-settings across subpages on the website.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  lidc Registers which server-cluster is serving the visitor. This is used in context with load balancing, in order to optimize user experience.
                                    Expiry : 1 day Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  li_alerts Used to determine when and where certain pop-ups on the website should be presented for the user and remember whether the user has closed these, to keep them from showing multiple times.
                                    Expiry : 1 year Type : HTTP Cookie
                            + Sli.do
                                4
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  app.lastEventUuid Captures state of last user event on the app too ensure user flow states are maintained
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                                  app.redux.localFeatureFlags Sets locale as per user preference on the browser
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                                  app.redux.rememberedUser Maintains user state while using Sli.do app on the website
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                                  app.redux.uiNewQuestions.readQuestionsIds Enables capture of new questions from users
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                            + Tableau
                                2
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  tableau_locale The cookie determines the preferred language and country-setting of the visitor - This allows the website to show content most relevant to that region and language.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  tableau_public_negotiated_locale Used in context with the language setting on the website. Facilitates the translation into the preferred language of the visitor.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                            + Vimeo
                                2
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  player Saves the user's preferences when playing embedded videos from Vimeo.
                                    Expiry : 1 year Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  sync_active Contains data on visitor's video-content preferences - This allows the website to remember parameters such as preferred volume or video quality. The service is provided by Vimeo.com.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                            + Weglot
                                1
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  wglang Determines the preferred language of the visitor. Allows the website to set the preferred language upon the visitor's re-entry.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                            + World Economic Forum
                                7
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  jwplayerLocalId Used to determine the optimal video quality based on the visitor's device and network settings.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                                  i18next.translate.boo Used in context with the language setting on the website. Facilitates the translation into the preferred language of the visitor.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTML Local Storage
                                  i18nextLng [x2] Determines the preferred language of the visitor. Allows the website to set the preferred language upon the visitor's re-entry.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                                  inlined_view_id This cookie is used in conjunction with the video player. The cookie remembers if the user has muted the volume and keeps this setting on other video content watched by the visitor.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                                  dismissedCtaBanner Used to determine whether a visitor has dismissed a call to action
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  dismissedNavPromo Used to determine whether a visitor has dismissed a call to action
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                            + www.climatewatchdata.org
                                5
                                  ONE_SIGNAL_SDK_DB#Ids Detects whether the user should be presented with a notification-bar upon entry on the website.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : IndexedDB
                                  ONE_SIGNAL_SDK_DB#NotificationClicked Used by the website to determine which support notifications the user has been shown.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : IndexedDB
                                  ONE_SIGNAL_SDK_DB#NotificationOpened Contains the widget state on whether it has been minimized or opened for internal statistics.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : IndexedDB
                                  ONE_SIGNAL_SDK_DB#NotificationReceived Used by the website to determine which support notifications the user has been shown.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : IndexedDB
                                  ONE_SIGNAL_SDK_DB#Sessions Used to maintain visitors' preferences throughout the visit and sub-pages.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : IndexedDB
                      * Performance 185
                        Performance cookies help website owners to understand how visitors interact with websites by collecting and reporting information anonymously.
                            + Alibaba.com
                                1
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  APLUS_LS_KEY Registers statistical data on users' behaviour on the website. Used for internal analytics by the website operator.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                            + Appcues
                                2
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  apc_local_id Used in context with the VR-content on website. Collects data on who, what and when the content has been viewed for statistical purposes.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                                  apc_user Used in context with the VR-content on website. Collects data on who, what and when the content has been viewed for statistical purposes.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTML Local Storage
                            + Chartbeat
                                39
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  _cb [x6] Collects data such as visitors' IP address, geographical location and website navigation - This information is used for internal optimization and statistics for the website's operator.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  _chartbeat2 [x6] Collects data on the user's visits to the website, such as which pages have been read.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  _chartbeat4 [x21] Collects data on the user's visits to the website, such as which pages have been read.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  _v__cb_cp [x2] Collects data such as visitors' IP address, geographical location and website navigation - This information is used for internal optimization and statistics for the website's operator.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  _cb Collects data such as visitors' IP address, geographical location and website navigation - This information is used for internal optimization and statistics for the website's operator.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                                  _cb_expires This cookie is used in context with HTML local storage, this sets an expiry date/time for the _cb tracker, which makes it function like a cookie.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                                  _chartbeat4 This cookie determines whether the user is new or returning and if they are a visitor or administrator/website owner.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                                  _cbt Collects data such as visitors' IP address, geographical location and website navigation - This information is used for internal optimization and statistics for the website's operator.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                            + Google
                                98
                              Learn more about this provider

                                Some of the data collected by this provider is for the purposes of personalization and measuring advertising effectiveness.

                                  __utma [x4] Collects data on the number of times a user has visited the website as well as dates for the first and most recent visit. Used by Google Analytics.
                                    Expiry : 2 years Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  __utmb [x4] Registers a timestamp with the exact time of when the user accessed the website. Used by Google Analytics to calculate the duration of a website visit.
                                    Expiry : 1 day Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  __utmc [x4] Registers a timestamp with the exact time of when the user leaves the website. Used by Google Analytics to calculate the duration of a website visit.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  __utmv [x4] Saves user-defined tracking parameters for use in Google Analytics.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  __utmz [x4] Collects data on where the user came from, what search engine was used, what link was clicked and what search term was used. Used by Google Analytics.
                                    Expiry : 6 months Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  _ga [x25] Registers a unique ID that is used to generate statistical data on how the visitor uses the website.
                                    Expiry : 2 years Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  _ga_# [x18] Used by Google Analytics to collect data on the number of times a user has visited the website as well as dates for the first and most recent visit.
                                    Expiry : 2 years Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  _gid [x21] Registers a unique ID that is used to generate statistical data on how the visitor uses the website.
                                    Expiry : 1 day Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  _gat [x6] Used by Google Analytics to throttle request rate
                                    Expiry : 1 day Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  __utm.gif Google Analytics Tracking Code that logs details about the visitor's browser and computer.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : Pixel Tracker
                                  collect Used to send data to Google Analytics about the visitor's device and behavior. Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : Pixel Tracker
                                  __utmt [x2] Used to throttle the speed of requests to the server.
                                    Expiry : 1 day Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  __gsas Used by Google AdSense for experimenting with advertisement efficiency across websites using their services.
                                    Expiry : 1 year Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  td Registers statistical data on users' behaviour on the website. Used for internal analytics by the website operator.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : Pixel Tracker
                                  __utmd This cookie is used to assign specific visitors into segments, this segmentation is based on visitor behavior on the website - the segmentation can be used to target larger groups.
                                    Expiry : 1 day Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  __utmli Collects statistics on the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been read.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                            + LinkedIn
                                1
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  AnalyticsSyncHistory Used in connection with data-synchronization with third-party analysis service.
                                    Expiry : 30 days Type : HTTP Cookie
                            + OECD
                                1
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  context_history Pending
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTML Local Storage
                            + Parse.ly
                                3
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  _parsely_session This cookie is used to collect data on visitor behavior on the website.
                                    Expiry : 1 day Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  _parsely_visitor This cookie is used to determine if the visitor has visited the website before, or if it is a new visitor on the website.
                                    Expiry : 13 months Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  parsely_uuid Registers statistical data on users' behaviour on the website. Used for internal analytics by the website operator.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                            + Quantcast
                                5
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  __qca Collects data on the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded with the purpose of generating reports for optimising the website content.
                                    Expiry : 1 year Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  _dlt [x2] Sets a unique ID for the session. This allows the website to obtain data on visitor behaviour for statistical purposes.
                                    Expiry : 1 day Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  __qca Collects data on the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded with the purpose of generating reports for optimising the website content.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                                  qcSes Collects data on the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded with the purpose of generating reports for optimising the website content.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTML Local Storage
                            + Salesforce
                                3
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  BrowserId [x3] Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device for return visits.
                                    Expiry : 1 year Type : HTTP Cookie
                            + Sli.do
                                4
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  _persistenceTest [x2] Pending
                                    Expiry : 1 year Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  Slido.EventAuthTokens [x2] Pending
                                    Expiry : 1 year Type : HTTP Cookie
                            + Taobao.com
                                2
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  x5secdata Registers statistical data on users' behaviour on the website. Used for internal analytics by the website operator.
                                    Expiry : 1 day Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  xlly_s Collects data on visitor interaction with the website's video-content. This data is used to make the website's video-content more relevant towards the visitor.
                                    Expiry : 3 days Type : HTTP Cookie
                            + VWO
                                11
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  analyze This cookie is used by the website’s operator in context with multi-variate testing. This is a tool used to combine or change content on the website. This allows the website to find the best variation/edition of the site.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : Pixel Tracker
                                  l.gif This cookie is used by the website’s operator in context with multi-variate testing. This is a tool used to combine or change content on the website. This allows the website to find the best variation/edition of the site.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : Pixel Tracker
                                  v.gif This cookie is set to make split-tests on the website, which optimizes the website's relevance towards the visitor – the cookie can also be set to improve the visitor's experience on a website.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : Pixel Tracker
                                  vwoSn This cookie is set to make split-tests on the website, which optimizes the website's relevance towards the visitor – the cookie can also be set to improve the visitor's experience on a website.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                                  _vis_opt_exp_#_combi Used by Visual Website Optimizer to ensure that the same user interface variant is displayed for each visit, if the user is participating in a design experiment.
                                    Expiry : 100 days Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  _vis_opt_s Used by Visual Website Optimizer to determine if the visitor is participating in a design experiment.
                                    Expiry : 100 days Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  _vis_opt_test_cookie Used to check if the user's browser supports cookies.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  _vwo_ds Collects data on the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded with the purpose of generating reports for optimising the website content.
                                    Expiry : 2 months Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  _vwo_referrer Registers data on visitors' website-behaviour. This is used for internal analysis and website optimization.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  _vwo_sn Collects statistics on the visitor's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been read.
                                    Expiry : 1 day Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  _vwo_uuid Used by Visual Website Optimizer to ensure that the same user interface variant is displayed for each visit, if the user is participating in a design experiment.
                                    Expiry : 10 years Type : HTTP Cookie
                            + World Economic Forum
                                6
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  _cb_svref Collects data such as visitors' IP address, geographical location and website navigation - This information is used for internal optimization and statistics for the website's operator.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                                  _cb_svref_expires This cookie is used in context with HTML local storage, this sets an expiry date/time for the _cb_sverf, which makes it function like a cookie.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                                  APLUS_CNA Registers statistical data on users' behaviour on the website. Used for internal analytics by the website operator.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                                  dmvk Registers statistical data on users' behaviour on the website. Used for internal analytics by the website operator.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  createDate Contains the expiry date for other cookies.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTML Local Storage
                                  NRBA_SESSION Collects data on the user’s navigation and behavior on the website. This is used to compile statistical reports and heatmaps for the website owner.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                            + embed-cdn.spotifycdn.com
                                1
                                  sentryReplaySession Registers data on visitors' website-behaviour. This is used for internal analysis and website optimization.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTML Local Storage
                              + livestream.com
                                f.vimeocdn.com
                                2
                                  vuid [x2] Collects data on visitor interaction with the website's video-content. This data is used to make the website's video-content more relevant towards the visitor.
                                    Expiry : 2 years Type : HTTP Cookie
                            + public.powrcdn.com
                                3
                                  ahoy_unique_# Registers statistical data on users' behaviour on the website. Used for internal analytics by the website operator.
                                    Expiry : 1 day Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  ahoy_visit Registers statistical data on users' behaviour on the website. Used for internal analytics by the website operator.
                                    Expiry : 1 day Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  ahoy_visitor Registers statistical data on users' behaviour on the website. Used for internal analytics by the website operator.
                                    Expiry : 2 years Type : HTTP Cookie
                            + tag.aticdn.net
                                2
                                  atuserid Registers statistical data on users' behaviour on the website. Used for internal analytics by the website operator.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  pa_user Registers statistical data on users' behaviour on the website. Used for internal analytics by the website operator.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                            + widget.sndcdn.com
                                1
                                  number(#) Used to track user’s interaction with embedded content.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTML Local Storage
                      * Marketing 112
                        Marketing cookies are used to track visitors across websites. The intention is to display ads that are relevant and engaging for the individual user and thereby more valuable for publishers and third party advertisers.
                            + Alibaba.com
                                5
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  atpsida Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device during return visits. Used for conversion tracking and to measure the efficacy of online ads.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  sca Used to track user’s interaction with embedded content.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  tfstk [x2] Necessary for the implementation of video-content on the website.
                                    Expiry : 180 days Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  isg Sets a unique ID for the visitor, that allows third party advertisers to target the visitor with relevant advertisement. This pairing service is provided by third party advertisement hubs, which facilitates real-time bidding for advertisers.
                                    Expiry : 180 days Type : HTTP Cookie
                            + Baidu
                                4
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  HMACCOUNT_BFESS Used to send data to Baidu about the visitor's device and behavior. Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels.
                                    Expiry : 400 days Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  Hm_ck_# Used to send data to Baidu about the visitor's device and behavior. Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  Hm_lpvt_# Used to send data to Baidu about the visitor's device and behavior. Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  Hm_lvt_# Used to send data to Baidu about the visitor's device and behavior. Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels.
                                    Expiry : 1 year Type : HTTP Cookie
                            + Chartbeat
                                13
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  ping Collects data such as visitors' IP address, geographical location and website navigation - This information is used for internal optimization and statistics for the website's operator.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : Pixel Tracker
                                  _cb_svref [x6] This cookie is used to collect information on a visitor. This information will become an ID string with information on a specific visitor – ID information strings can be used to target groups with similar preferences, or can be used by third-party domains or ad-exchanges.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  _chartbeat2 Used by the web analytics company Chartbeat to register whether the user has visited the website before.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                                  _chartbeat2_expires Used by the web analytics company Chartbeat to register whether the user has visited the website before.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                                  _chartbeat4_expires Used by the web analytics company Chartbeat to register whether the user has visited the website before.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                                  _v__chartbeat3 Contains data on user navigation, interaction and time spent on the website and its sub-pages. This data is used to optimise the relevance of advertisements and for statistical purposes.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                                  _v__chartbeat3_expires Contains data on user navigation, interaction and time spent on the website and its sub-pages. This data is used to optimise the relevance of advertisements and for statistical purposes.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                                  _v__chartbeat3 Contains data on user navigation, interaction and time spent on the website and its sub-pages. This data is used to optimise the relevance of advertisements and for statistical purposes.
                                    Expiry : 13 months Type : HTTP Cookie
                            + Dailymotion
                                1
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  _TEST_ Collects data on visitor interaction with the website's video-content. This data is used to make the website's video-content more relevant towards the visitor.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                            + Google
                                11
                              Learn more about this provider

                                Some of the data collected by this provider is for the purposes of personalization and measuring advertising effectiveness.

                                  _gcl_au [x5] Used by Google AdSense for experimenting with advertisement efficiency across websites using their services.
                                    Expiry : 3 months Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  IDE Used by Google DoubleClick to register and report the website user's actions after viewing or clicking one of the advertiser's ads with the purpose of measuring the efficacy of an ad and to present targeted ads to the user.
                                    Expiry : 1 year Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  pagead/landing [x2] Collects data on visitor behaviour from multiple websites, in order to present more relevant advertisement - This also allows the website to limit the number of times that they are shown the same advertisement.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : Pixel Tracker
                                  ads/ga-audiences Used by Google AdWords to re-engage visitors that are likely to convert to customers based on the visitor's online behaviour across websites.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : Pixel Tracker
                                  NID Registers a unique ID that identifies a returning user's device. The ID is used for targeted ads.
                                    Expiry : 6 months Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  GoogleAdServingTest Used to register what ads have been displayed to the user.
                                    Expiry : 1 day Type : HTTP Cookie
                            + Iqiyi.com
                                3
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  Hm_lpvt_# Used to send data to Baidu about the visitor's device and behavior. Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTML Local Storage
                                  Hm_lvt_# Used to send data to Baidu about the visitor's device and behavior. Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                                  HMACCOUNT Used to send data to Baidu about the visitor's device and behavior. Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels.
                                    Expiry : 14 years Type : HTTP Cookie
                            + LinkedIn
                                3
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  bcookie Used by the social networking service, LinkedIn, for tracking the use of embedded services.
                                    Expiry : 1 year Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  li_sugr Collects data on user behaviour and interaction in order to optimize the website and make advertisement on the website more relevant.
                                    Expiry : 3 months Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  UserMatchHistory Ensures visitor browsing-security by preventing cross-site request forgery. This cookie is essential for the security of the website and visitor.
                                    Expiry : 30 days Type : HTTP Cookie
                            + Loginradius
                                1
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  rc::f Pending
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                            + Meta Platforms, Inc.
                                1
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  dpr Pending
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTTP Cookie
                            + Parse.ly
                                1
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  undefined(undefined) Pending
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                            + Quantcast
                                1
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  mc Collects data on the user's visits to the website, such as what pages have been loaded. The registered data is used for targeted ads.
                                    Expiry : 13 months Type : HTTP Cookie
                            + ScorecardResearch
                                1
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  UID Collects information of the user and his/her movement, such as timestamp for visits, most recently loaded pages and IP address. The data is used by the marketing research network, Scorecard Research, to analyse traffic patterns and carry out surveys to help their clients better understand the customer's preferences.
                                    Expiry : 400 days Type : HTTP Cookie
                            + Sli.do
                                1
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  NRBA_SESSION_ID Collects user data through quiz/survey-like content. This allows the website to promote relevant products or services.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTML Local Storage
                            + Spotify
                                2
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  sp_landing Used to implement audio-content from Spotify on the website. Can also be used to register user interaction and preferences in context with audio-content - This can serve statistics and marketing purposes.
                                    Expiry : 1 day Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  sp_t Used to implement audio-content from Spotify on the website. Can also be used to register user interaction and preferences in context with audio-content - This can serve statistics and marketing purposes.
                                    Expiry : 1 year Type : HTTP Cookie
                            + Twitter Inc.
                                4
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  guest_id Collects data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and which pages have been loaded, with the purpose of personalising and improving the Twitter service.
                                    Expiry : 13 months Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  i/jot Sets a unique ID for the visitor, that allows third party advertisers to target the visitor with relevant advertisement. This pairing service is provided by third party advertisement hubs, which facilitates real-time bidding for advertisers.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : Pixel Tracker
                                  i/jot/embeds Sets a unique ID for the visitor, that allows third party advertisers to target the visitor with relevant advertisement. This pairing service is provided by third party advertisement hubs, which facilitates real-time bidding for advertisers.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : Pixel Tracker
                                  RichHistory Collects data on visitors' preferences and behaviour on the website - This information is used make content and advertisement more relevant to the specific visitor.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTML Local Storage
                            + UserReport
                                1
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  apr_dsu Presents the user with relevant content and advertisement. The service is provided by third-party advertisement hubs, which facilitate real-time bidding for advertisers.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                            + VWO
                                1
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  s.gif Registers user behaviour and navigation on the website, and any interaction with active campaigns. This is used for optimizing advertisement and for efficient retargeting.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : Pixel Tracker
                            + World Economic Forum
                                15
                              Learn more about this provider
                                  __mpq_#_# [x2] Collects data on user behaviour and interaction in order to optimize the website and make advertisement on the website more relevant.
                                    Expiry : Persistent Type : HTML Local Storage
                                  mp_#_mixpanel [x6] Pending
                                    Expiry : 1 year Type : HTTP Cookie
                                  client_token Used to track the visitor's usage of GIFs - This serves for analytical and marketing purposes.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTML Local Storage
                                  expires_in Used to track the visitor's usage of GIFs - This serves for analytical and marketing purposes.
                                    Expiry : Session Type : HTML Local Storage
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              Food and Water

              1 year on: A timeline of the war in Ukraine

              Feb 23, 2023

                      A view shows graves of killed Ukrainian defenders, amid Russia's attack on Ukraine.

                      Image: REUTERS/Vitalii Hnidyi

                    Stefan Ellerbeck

                    Senior Writer , Forum Agenda

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                16 min listen
                  * On the first anniversary of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, we look back at the key events of the past 12 months.
                  * These include military developments, as well as the economic and human crisis that the conflict has caused.
                  * Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy called for greater support for his country during live addresses at two World Economic Forum Annual Meetings in Davos.

                On the first anniversary of Russian President Vladimir Putin ordering his armies to invade Ukraine, his forces remain locked in a bloody war of attrition.

                Towns and cities have been devastated. Tens of thousands of civilians and fighters on both sides have been killed and injured. Millions of people have either fled the country or been internally displaced.

                Russia's invasion of Ukraine: 1-year timeline

                As the conflict which shook the world marks its first anniversary, here’s a timeline of the key events fo far:

                February 2022

                On 24 February, Putin launches what he describes as a “special military operation”, ordering tens of thousands of Russian troops into neighbouring Ukraine from the north, east and south. Hoping for a swift victory, Russian forces move on the capital Kyiv but are eventually forced to retreat.

                Neighbouring countries and the EU prepare to open their borders to hundreds of thousands of people fleeing the conflict. Queues at border crossings stretch for several kilometres, although men of conscription age are prevented from leaving the country.

                People flee the city of Kharkiv, in Ukraine on 24 February, 2022. Image: Reuters.

                Western nations impose a widespread package of sanctions on Moscow, in response to the invasion. These include stopping transactions with Russia’s central bank, banning new investment and freezing the assets of Russian political and business leaders.

                March 2022

                At least 441 Ukrainian civilians are killed in the early days of the invasion. UN investigators subsequently say some of the killings, most notoriously in the Kyiv suburb of Bucha, may amount to war crimes.

                Russia is forced to scale back its war goals following stiff resistance from Ukrainian forces. It switches focus to the Donbas region where Moscow-backed separatists launched a rebellion in 2014.

                The conflict escalates the global food crisis and Ukraine’s government announces a ban on a wide range of agricultural exports. World food prices reach a record high in March.

                Global food prices hit a record high in March 2022. Image: FAO.
                        Discover

                        How is the World Economic Forum facilitating the transition to clean energy?

                        Show more

                            The Fostering Effective Energy Transition 2024 report showed that after a decade of progress, the global energy transition has plateaued amid the global energy crisis and geopolitical volatilities.

                            The World Economic Forum’s Centre for Energy and Materials is driving the transition to a “fit for 2050” energy system. It is a cross-industry platform building new coalitions and delivering insights required for a sustainable, secure and just energy future.

                            Learn more about our impact:

                              * Clean energy in emerging economies: We are advancing country-specific renewable energy finance solutions for four of the biggest emerging and developing economies : India, Brazil, Nigeria and Indonesia. In the latter, a new solar and battery initiative is bringing 15MW of clean energy to the East Sumba region – enough to power 4,000 homes and avoid 5.5KtCO₂ yearly emissions.
                              * Energy Transition Index: We have measured the progress of 120 countries on the performance of their energy systems, enabling policymakers and businesses to identify the necessary actions for the energy transition.
                              * Mining and metals blockchain : We released a proof of concept to trace emissions across the value chain using blockchain technology, helping accelerate global action for country-specific financing solutions.
                              * Clean power and electrification: We are accelerating the adoption of clean power and electric solutions in the next decade to help increase clean energy consumption threefold by 2030.

                            Want to know more about our centre’s impact or get involved? Contact us.

                April 2022

                Dozens of people are killed in a missile strike on a train station in Kramatorsk. It was full of women, children and elderly people trying to flee the fighting.

                "Lacking the strength and courage to stand up to us on the battlefield, they are cynically destroying the civilian population," Ukraine’s President Volodymyr Zelenskyy says.

                Later in the month Russia suffers a symbolic blow when the flagship of its Black Sea fleet, the Moskva, is sunk by what Ukraine claims to be its missiles.

                The number of people fleeing Ukraine passes the five million mark according to the UN. Its refugee agency says the conflict has caused the largest refugee crisis in Europe this century.

                Ukrainian refugees after crossing the Polish border on 10 April, 2022. Image: Reuters.

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                May 2022

                Finland and Sweden formally apply to join NATO, in response to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.

                "This is a historic moment which we must seize," NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg says at a ceremony at NATO headquarters with the Finnish and Swedish ambassadors.

                Russia captures the strategic Black Sea port city of Mariupol, following a three-month siege the Red Cross described as “hell”.

                President Zelenskyy delivers a special address on the opening morning of the World Economic Forum’s annual meeting in Davos. He calls on countries to help set up a fund to rebuild his country: “We call on everyone to join this platform,” he says.

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                June 2022

                Russian missiles strike a crowded shopping mall in the city of Kremenchuk, killing at least 16 people. A UN spokesman condemns the attack as “deplorable”.

                The World Bank approves $1.49 billion in additional financing to help pay the wages of public sector workers. This increases the bank’s total pledged support, aided by donor countries, to more than $4 billion.

                Russia says that the European Union's decision to partially phase out Russian oil was likely to destabilize global energy markets, calling it a 'self-destructive' step. EU leaders agreed in principle to cut 90% of oil imports from Russia by the end of the year.

                July 2022

                Russian forces capture the city of Lysychansk completing the conquest of Luhansk province in Eastern Ukraine.

                Russian energy giant Gazprom says it will halve gas supplies to Europe through the Nord Stream 1 pipeline. Prior to the war, Europe imported more than 40% of its gas from Russia.

                The EU imported almost half its gas from Russia in 2021. Image: Reuters.

                Moscow and Kyiv agree a deal to re-open Ukraine’s Black Sea ports which had been blockaded by the Russian navy. There are hopes that the breakthrough will ease the global food crisis.

                August 2022

                Ukrainian forces launch a southern counter-offensive around Kherson, the only land gateway to Crimea. Russian supply lines, ammunition dumps and an air base in Crimea are targeted.

                The UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres says the risk of nuclear confrontation had returned after decades. He calls the Russian shelling of the Zaporizhzhia facility in Ukraine “suicidal”.

                September 2022

                European gas prices spike by as much as 30% after Russia says one of its main gas supply pipelines to Europe will remain closed indefinitely. Gazprom had initially said the Nord Stream 1 pipeline had been closed for temporary maintenance work.

                Ukraine launches a counter-offensive in the Kharkiv region in the north-east. A key rail hub supplying the Russian frontline is recaptured.

                Vladimir Putin orders the partial mobilization of hundreds of thousands of reservists. His decree sparks an exodus of military-age men trying to cross the border into neighbouring countries.

                A traffic jam near Russia’s border with Georgia on 25 September, 2022. Image: Reuters.

                Putin says regions of eastern Ukraine will become part of Russia following local ‘referendums’.

                “Any decision to proceed with the annexation of Donetsk, Luhansk, Kherson and Zaporizhzhia regions of Ukraine would have no legal value and deserves to be condemned," United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres tells reporters.

                October 2022

                An explosion badly damages the only bridge linking Russia to the Crimean peninsula, which Moscow seized in 2014. Days later, Russia retaliates with the first missile strikes on Kyiv in months.

                In the following days, Ukrainian energy infrastructure is targeted in more waves of missile strikes. The country’s energy minister says at least half of the country’s thermal energy capacity has been hit.

                An additional four million children have been plunged into poverty because of the war, according to a UNICEF report - 2.8 million of them are Russian, the UN agency says.

                November 2022

                Russia orders its forces to abandon Kherson, the only regional capital it had captured so far. The Kherson region was one of four that Putin had said would be part of Russia “forever”.

                President Zelenskyy visits newly liberated Kherson on 14 November, 2022. Image: Reuters.

                The EU looks at ways to increase help for Ukraine’s energy sector following “cruel and inhumane” attacks that have caused widespread power cuts.

                "Russia's bombing of (Ukraine's) infrastructure is clearly a tactic to increase human suffering," EU Energy Commissioner Kadri Simson says.

                External power is restored to the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant two days after it was disconnected from the power grid following Russian shelling which damaged high voltage lines. The International Atomic Energy Agency says a protection zone should be placed around the plant “before it’s too late”.

                        Discover

                        What's the World Economic Forum doing about the transition to clean energy?

                        Show more

                            Moving to clean energy is key to combating climate change, yet in the past five years, the energy transition has stagnated.

                            Energy consumption and production contribute to two-thirds of global emissions, and 81% of the global energy system is still based on fossil fuels, the same percentage as 30 years ago. Plus, improvements in the energy intensity of the global economy (the amount of energy used per unit of economic activity) are slowing. In 2018 energy intensity improved by 1.2%, the slowest rate since 2010.

                            Effective policies, private-sector action and public-private cooperation are needed to create a more inclusive, sustainable, affordable and secure global energy system.

                            Benchmarking progress is essential to a successful transition. The World Economic Forum’s Energy Transition Index, which ranks 115 economies on how well they balance energy security and access with environmental sustainability and affordability, shows that the biggest challenge facing energy transition is the lack of readiness among the world’s largest emitters, including US, China, India and Russia. The 10 countries that score the highest in terms of readiness account for only 2.6% of global annual emissions.

                            To future-proof the global energy system, the Forum’s Centre for Energy & Materials is working on initiatives including Clean Power and Electrification, Energy and Industry Transition Intelligence, Industrial Ecosystems Transformation, and Transition Enablers to encourage and enable innovative energy investments, technologies and solutions.

                            Additionally, the Mission Possible Partnership (MPP) is working to assemble public and private partners to further the industry transition to set heavy industry and mobility sectors on the pathway towards net-zero emissions. MPP is an initiative created by the World Economic Forum and the Energy Transitions Commission.

                            Is your organisation interested in working with the World Economic Forum? Find out more here.

                December 2022

                President Zelenskyy addresses the US Congress during his first foreign visit since the war broke out. He says aid to Ukraine is an investment in democracy.

                On Christmas Day, Vladimir Putin says Russia is ready to negotiate over Ukraine. However, Kyiv says Moscow isn’t serious about talks and says it will not rest until every Russian soldier is removed from its territory.

                The European Central Bank says it expects inflation to remain above its 2% target for the next three years. Several factors, including the war in Ukraine, caused inflation to spike at 10.6% in October across the 19 countries that use the euro.

                January 2023

                Reinforced by recruits, Russian forces make their first battlefield gains in months, capturing the salt-mining town of Soledar in eastern Donetsk province. They also focus attention on the strategic town of Bakhmut, key to the prized Donbas region.

                Ukrainian soldiers use artillery near Soledar. Image: Reuters.

                The Food and Agriculture Organization says its food price index reached a record high in 2022, up by 14.3% from 2021. Food prices surged after Russia invaded Ukraine in February. The World Bank also warns that the global economy could slip into recession in 2023.

                “The world overcame apartheid, the pandemic, the financial crisis … Now the world is fighting Putin. The world will overcome again,” President Zelenskyy tells world leaders during a live address to the World Economic Forum’s Annual Meeting in Davos.

                February 2023

                President Zelenskyy says Russian offensives in the east and south are part of a strategy to make gains before Kyiv receives tanks and other heavy weaponry from its allies. NATO also begins discussing its request for fighter jets and long-range missiles.

                Western countries look at imposing a new raft of sanctions against Russia to tie in with the first anniversary of the war. US officials say they are looking at sanctioning more banks with links to Moscow and stepping up enforcement of existing rules.

                Experts estimate lost European sales could halve the export revenues of Russian energy giant Gazprom in 2023. Its revenues from overseas sales may have declined in January to $3.4 billion from $6.3 billion in the year-earlier period.

                  Have you read?

                    * What would a ‘Marshall Plan’ for Ukraine look like?

                    * Ukrainians are protecting their cultural landmarks with their phones. Here’s how

                    * Ukraine's reconstruction must be green, inclusive and technology-driven

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1 year on: A timeline of the war in Ukraine
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2023/02/ukraine-war-timeline-one-year/