The most preeminent mathematics competition for undergraduate college students in the United States and Candada
https://www.maa.org/math-competitions/putnam-competition
Putnam Competition
2023-01-01
None
<div><div><p>The William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition is the preeminent mathematics competition for undergraduate college students in the United States and Canada. The Putnam Competition takes place annually on the first Saturday of December. The competition consists of two 3-hour sessions, one in the morning and one in the afternoon. During each session, participants work individually on 6 challenging mathematical problems.</p>
<p>The Putnam began in 1938 as a competition between mathematics departments at colleges and universities. Now the competition has grown to be the leading university-level mathematics examination in the world. Although participants work independently on the problems, there is a team aspect to the competition as well. Prizes are awarded to the participants with the highest scores and to the departments of mathematics of the five institutions, the sum of whose top three scores is the greatest.</p>
<h2>83rd PUTNAM COMPETITION UPDATE</h2>
<p>The 83rd William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition competition took place on <strong>Saturday, Dec. 3</strong>, proctored in-person on campuses across the US and Canada. By registering, participants were assigned a Putnam Identification Number (PIN) upon registration, which they needed in order to participate in the competition on <strong>Dec. 3. </strong>Any college or university in the United States or Canada that wishes to offer the competition to their students must name a regular faculty member to serve as the local supervisor of the competition. <a href="#FAQs">Learn more here</a>.</p>
<hr />
<h2>The 83rd Putnam Competition Problems and Solutions</h2>
<p>The 83rd William Lowell Putnam Competition Problems and Solutions are now available to download. Follow the links below to access the PDF files. Problems and solutions starting from the year 2017 can be found on the <a href="https://www.maa.org/math-competitions/putnam-competition-archive-0">Putnam Competition Archive</a> page.</p>
<p><strong><a href="/sites/default/files/doc/AMC/2022-Putnam-problems-Session-A.pdf">  83rd Putnam Competition Problems A Session</a> </strong><strong> </strong><strong><a href="/sites/default/files/doc/AMC/2022-Putnam-problems-Session-B.pdf">  83rd Putnam Competition Problems B Session</a> </strong><strong> </strong></p>
<p><strong><strong><a href="/sites/default/files/doc/AMC/2022-Putnam-solutions-Session-A.pdf">83rd Putnam Competition Solutions A Session</a></strong></strong><strong><strong><strong>    </strong><strong><a href="/sites/default/files/doc/AMC/2022-Putnam-solutions-Session-B.pdf"> 83rd Putnam Competition Solutions B Session</a></strong></strong></strong></p>
<h2>The 83rd WILLIAM LOWELL PUTNAM COMPETITION RESULTS</h2>
<p><a href="/sites/default/files/pdf/Putnam/2022/AnnouncementOfWinnersFall2022.docx%20%281%29.pdf">Click here</a> to access the 83rd Announcement of Winners, which includes Putnam Fellows, next highest ranking individuals, honorable mentions, Elizabeth Lowell Putnam Prize winners, winning teams, and teams earning honorable mentions.</p>
<p><a href="https://newsroom.maa.org/229389-83rd-putnam-competition-announces-top-students-in-undergraduate-mathematics">Click here</a> to access the press release for the 83rd William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition.</p>
<p>Results for past William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competitions can also be found <a href="https://www.maa.org/node/322">here</a>.</p>
<hr />
<h2>Preparing for the Putnam</h2>
<p><strong><strong>The Putnam Competition covers a range of material in undergraduate mathematics, including elementary concepts from linear algebra, modern algebra, analysis, and number theory. Below are some books available for purchase that may help students prepare for this exam:</strong></strong></p>
<ul>
	<li><strong><strong><a href="https://bookstore.ams.org/prb-32/">The William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition Problems and Solutions 1938-1964</a> A. M. Gleason, R. E. Greenwood, and L. M. Kelly, Editors</strong></strong></li>
	<li><strong><strong><a href="https://bookstore.ams.org/prb-30/">The William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition Problems and Solutions 1965-1984</a> Gerald L. Alexanderson, Leonard F. Klosinski, and Loren C. Larson, Editors</strong></strong></li>
	<li><strong><strong><a href="https://bookstore.ams.org/prb-33/">The William Putnam Mathematical Competition 1985-2000: Problems, Solutions, and Commentary</a> Kiran S. Kedlaya, Bjorn Poonen, and Ravi Vakil</strong></strong></li>
	<li><a href="https://bookstore.ams.org/prb-37/">The William Putnam Mathematical Competition 2001-2016: Problems, Solutions, and Commentary</a><strong><strong>  Kiran S. Kedlaya, Daniel M. Kane, Jonathan M. Kane, and Evan M. O'Dorney</strong></strong></li>
</ul>
<h2><a>FAQs for the 83rd Putnam</a></h2>
<ol>
	<li>
	<p><strong><strong><b>Q. When is the 84th Putnam Competition?</b></strong></strong></p>
	<p>A. TBA</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><strong><strong><strong>Q. When does supervisor registration open?</strong></strong></strong></p>
	<p>​A. September 1, 2023</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><strong><strong><b>Q. How do students register?</b></strong></strong></p>
	<p>A. TBA</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><strong><strong><b>Q. I have a bachelor’s degree. May I participate?</b></strong></strong></p>
	<p>A. No. The Putnam Competition is open only to actively enrolled undergraduate students who have not yet received a bachelor’s degree.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><strong><strong><b>Q. May I participate in the Putnam Competition without an association with an institution?</b></strong></strong></p>
	<p>A. No. If you are not regularly enrolled in an undergraduate institution in the US or Canada, then you are ineligible to participate. If you meet the eligibility requirements but your institution does not have a Putnam local supervisor, ask a faculty member (perhaps the math department chair) to become the Putnam local supervisor for your institution. If no faculty member is willing to play this role, then you will be unable to participate.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><strong><strong><b>Q. I am a degree candidate at one institution but temporarily at another. May I participate?</b></strong></strong></p>
	<p>A. Yes, and you could compete for either institution.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><strong><strong><b>Q. Must I have a high school diploma to participate?</b></strong></strong></p>
	<p>A. No. Students who are concurrently in high school but are taking classes at a US or Canadian college or university on a regular basis are deemed to be “regularly enrolled” undergraduates. Please note, a student may participate in the official Putnam Competition at most four times. Generally, we discourage high school students from exhausting their eligibility. If you are not regularly enrolled as an undergraduate at an institution of higher education, then you are ineligible.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><strong><strong><b>Q. Is there a limit to the number of times a student can participate in the competition?</b></strong></strong></p>
	<p>A. Yes. The limit is four, not counting the 81st (unofficial) Putnam competition that took place in February 2021.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><strong><strong><b>Q. I am a foreign student who is currently enrolled in a US or Canadian institution. May I participate?</b></strong></strong></p>
	<p>A. Yes.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><strong><strong><b>Q. I am regularly enrolled in a US or Canadian institution, but I am taking a year off. I intend to return to my institution next year. May I participate?</b></strong></strong></p>
	<p>A. Yes.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><strong><strong><b>Q. I will be away from my home institution competition day. Can I still participate in the competition?</b></strong></strong></p>
	<p>A.  Possibly. Arrangements can sometimes be made to take the exam at another registered institution. Discuss this with your local supervisor.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><strong><strong><b>Q. I’ve registered. What do I need to bring with me to the exam room?</b></strong></strong></p>
	<p>A.  Bring pencils or pens (blue or black ink) and the PIN number that you were given at the registration platform. Nothing else is needed. Supervisors provide clean, white paper. Calculators, computers, references, and drawing tools are not allowed, and cell phones must be turned off and stowed away during the exam.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><strong><strong><b>Q. What is the registration deadline for supervisors and institutions?</b></strong></strong></p>
	<p>A. TBA</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><strong><strong><b>Q. What is the registration deadline for student participants?</b></strong></strong></p>
	<p>A. TBA</p>
	</li>
</ol>
</div>||||I|||| Skip to main content
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 Home » Competitions » Putnam Competition

 Putnam Competition

 The William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition is the preeminent mathematics competition for undergraduate college students in the United States and Canada. The Putnam Competition takes place annually on the first Saturday of December. The competition consists of two 3-hour sessions, one in the morning and one in the afternoon. During each session, participants work individually on 6 challenging mathematical problems.

 The Putnam began in 1938 as a competition between mathematics departments at colleges and universities. Now the competition has grown to be the leading university-level mathematics examination in the world. Although participants work independently on the problems, there is a team aspect to the competition as well. Prizes are awarded to the participants with the highest scores and to the departments of mathematics of the five institutions, the sum of whose top three scores is the greatest.

 83rd PUTNAM COMPETITION UPDATE

 The 83rd William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition competition took place on Saturday, Dec. 3 , proctored in-person on campuses across the US and Canada. By registering, participants were assigned a Putnam Identification Number (PIN) upon registration, which they needed in order to participate in the competition on Dec. 3. Any college or university in the United States or Canada that wishes to offer the competition to their students must name a regular faculty member to serve as the local supervisor of the competition. Learn more here .

 The 83rd Putnam Competition Problems and Solutions

 The 83rd William Lowell Putnam Competition Problems and Solutions are now available to download. Follow the links below to access the PDF files. Problems and solutions starting from the year 2017 can be found on the Putnam Competition Archive page.

 83rd Putnam Compet ition Problems A Session 83rd Putnam Competition Problems B Session

 83rd Putnam Competition Solutions A Session 83rd Putnam Competition Solutions B Session

 The 83rd WILLIAM LOWELL PUTNAM COMPETITION RESULTS

 Click here to access the 83rd Announcement of Winners, which includes Putnam Fellows, next highest ranking individuals, honorable mentions, Elizabeth Lowell Putnam Prize winners, winning teams, and teams earning honorable mentions.

 Click here to access the press release for the 83rd William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition.

 Results for past William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competitions can also be found here .

 Preparing for the Putnam

 The Putnam Competition covers a range of material in undergraduate mathematics, including elementary concepts from linear algebra, modern algebra, analysis, and number theory. Below are some books available for purchase that may help students prepare for this exam:

 * The William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition Problems and Solutions 1938-1964 A. M. Gleason, R. E. Greenwood, and L. M. Kelly, Editors
 * The William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition Problems and Solutions 1965-1984 Gerald L. Alexanderson, Leonard F. Klosinski, and Loren C. Larson, Editors
 * The William Putnam Mathematical Competition 1985-2000: Problems, Solutions, and Commentary Kiran S. Kedlaya, Bjorn Poonen, and Ravi Vakil
 * The William Putnam Mathematical Competition 2001-2016: Problems, Solutions, and Commentary Kiran S. Kedlaya, Daniel M. Kane, Jonathan M. Kane, and Evan M. O'Dorney

 FAQs for the 83rd Putnam

 1. Q. When is the 84th Putnam Competition?

 A. TBA

 2. Q. When does supervisor registration open?

 ​A. September 1, 2023

 3. Q. How do students register?

 A. TBA

 4. Q. I have a bachelor’s degree. May I participate?

 A. No. The Putnam Competition is open only to actively enrolled undergraduate students who have not yet received a bachelor’s degree.

 5. Q. May I participate in the Putnam Competition without an association with an institution?

 A. No. If you are not regularly enrolled in an undergraduate institution in the US or Canada, then you are ineligible to participate. If you meet the eligibility requirements but your institution does not have a Putnam local supervisor, ask a faculty member (perhaps the math department chair) to become the Putnam local supervisor for your institution. If no faculty member is willing to play this role, then you will be unable to participate.

 6. Q. I am a degree candidate at one institution but temporarily at another. May I participate?

 A. Yes, and you could compete for either institution.

 7. Q. Must I have a high school diploma to participate?

 A. No. Students who are concurrently in high school but are taking classes at a US or Canadian college or university on a regular basis are deemed to be “regularly enrolled” undergraduates. Please note, a student may participate in the official Putnam Competition at most four times. Generally, we discourage high school students from exhausting their eligibility. If you are not regularly enrolled as an undergraduate at an institution of higher education, then you are ineligible.

 8. Q. Is there a limit to the number of times a student can participate in the competition?

 A. Yes. The limit is four, not counting the 81st (unofficial) Putnam competition that took place in February 2021.

 9. Q. I am a foreign student who is currently enrolled in a US or Canadian institution. May I participate?

 A. Yes.

 10. Q. I am regularly enrolled in a US or Canadian institution, but I am taking a year off. I intend to return to my institution next year. May I participate?

 A. Yes.

 11. Q. I will be away from my home institution competition day. Can I still participate in the competition?

 A. Possibly. Arrangements can sometimes be made to take the exam at another registered institution. Discuss this with your local supervisor.

 12. Q. I’ve registered. What do I need to bring with me to the exam room?

 A. Bring pencils or pens (blue or black ink) and the PIN number that you were given at the registration platform. Nothing else is needed. Supervisors provide clean, white paper. Calculators, computers, references, and drawing tools are not allowed, and cell phones must be turned off and stowed away during the exam.

 13. Q. What is the registration deadline for supervisors and institutions?

 A. TBA

 14. Q. What is the registration deadline for student participants?

 A. TBA

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The William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition is the preeminent mathematics competition for undergraduate college students in the United States and Canada. The Putnam Competition takes place annually on the first Saturday of December. The competition consists of two 3-hour sessions, one in the morning and one in the afternoon. During each session, participants work individually on 6 challenging mathematical problems.
The Putnam began in 1938 as a competition between mathematics departments at colleges and universities. Now the competition has grown to be the leading university-level mathematics examination in the world. Although participants work independently on the problems, there is a team aspect to the competition as well. Prizes are awarded to the participants with the highest scores and to the departments of mathematics of the five institutions, the sum of whose top three scores is the greatest.
83rd PUTNAM COMPETITION UPDATE
The 83rd William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition competition took place on Saturday, Dec. 3, proctored in-person on campuses across the US and Canada. By registering, participants were assigned a Putnam Identification Number (PIN) upon registration, which they needed in order to participate in the competition on Dec. 3. Any college or university in the United States or Canada that wishes to offer the competition to their students must name a regular faculty member to serve as the local supervisor of the competition. Learn more here.
The 83rd Putnam Competition Problems and Solutions
The 83rd William Lowell Putnam Competition Problems and Solutions are now available to download. Follow the links below to access the PDF files. Problems and solutions starting from the year 2017 can be found on the Putnam Competition Archive page.
    83rd Putnam Competition Problems A Session       83rd Putnam Competition Problems B Session    
   83rd Putnam Competition Solutions A Session            83rd Putnam Competition Solutions B Session    
The 83rd WILLIAM LOWELL PUTNAM COMPETITION RESULTS
 Click here to access the 83rd Announcement of Winners, which includes Putnam Fellows, next highest ranking individuals, honorable mentions, Elizabeth Lowell Putnam Prize winners, winning teams, and teams earning honorable mentions.
 Click here to access the press release for the 83rd William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition.
Results for past William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competitions can also be found here.
Preparing for the Putnam
  The Putnam Competition covers a range of material in undergraduate mathematics, including elementary concepts from linear algebra, modern algebra, analysis, and number theory. Below are some books available for purchase that may help students prepare for this exam:  
	   The William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition Problems and Solutions 1938-1964 A. M. Gleason, R. E. Greenwood, and L. M. Kelly, Editors  
	   The William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition Problems and Solutions 1965-1984 Gerald L. Alexanderson, Leonard F. Klosinski, and Loren C. Larson, Editors  
	   The William Putnam Mathematical Competition 1985-2000: Problems, Solutions, and Commentary Kiran S. Kedlaya, Bjorn Poonen, and Ravi Vakil  
	 The William Putnam Mathematical Competition 2001-2016: Problems, Solutions, and Commentary    Kiran S. Kedlaya, Daniel M. Kane, Jonathan M. Kane, and Evan M. O'Dorney  
 FAQs for the 83rd Putnam 
	
	   Q. When is the 84th Putnam Competition?   
	A. TBA
	
	
	   Q. When does supervisor registration open?   
	​A. September 1, 2023
	
	
	   Q. How do students register?   
	A. TBA
	
	
	   Q. I have a bachelor’s degree. May I participate?   
	A. No. The Putnam Competition is open only to actively enrolled undergraduate students who have not yet received a bachelor’s degree.
	
	
	   Q. May I participate in the Putnam Competition without an association with an institution?   
	A. No. If you are not regularly enrolled in an undergraduate institution in the US or Canada, then you are ineligible to participate. If you meet the eligibility requirements but your institution does not have a Putnam local supervisor, ask a faculty member (perhaps the math department chair) to become the Putnam local supervisor for your institution. If no faculty member is willing to play this role, then you will be unable to participate.
	
	
	   Q. I am a degree candidate at one institution but temporarily at another. May I participate?   
	A. Yes, and you could compete for either institution.
	
	
	   Q. Must I have a high school diploma to participate?   
	A. No. Students who are concurrently in high school but are taking classes at a US or Canadian college or university on a regular basis are deemed to be “regularly enrolled” undergraduates. Please note, a student may participate in the official Putnam Competition at most four times. Generally, we discourage high school students from exhausting their eligibility. If you are not regularly enrolled as an undergraduate at an institution of higher education, then you are ineligible.
	
	
	   Q. Is there a limit to the number of times a student can participate in the competition?   
	A. Yes. The limit is four, not counting the 81st (unofficial) Putnam competition that took place in February 2021.
	
	
	   Q. I am a foreign student who is currently enrolled in a US or Canadian institution. May I participate?   
	A. Yes.
	
	
	   Q. I am regularly enrolled in a US or Canadian institution, but I am taking a year off. I intend to return to my institution next year. May I participate?   
	A. Yes.
	
	
	   Q. I will be away from my home institution competition day. Can I still participate in the competition?   
	A.  Possibly. Arrangements can sometimes be made to take the exam at another registered institution. Discuss this with your local supervisor.
	
	
	   Q. I’ve registered. What do I need to bring with me to the exam room?   
	A.  Bring pencils or pens (blue or black ink) and the PIN number that you were given at the registration platform. Nothing else is needed. Supervisors provide clean, white paper. Calculators, computers, references, and drawing tools are not allowed, and cell phones must be turned off and stowed away during the exam.
	
	
	   Q. What is the registration deadline for supervisors and institutions?   
	A. TBA
	
	
	   Q. What is the registration deadline for student participants?   
	A. TBA
Putnam Competition
https://www.maa.org/math-competitions/putnam-competition
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Lowell_Putnam_Mathematical_Competition
William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition - Wikipedia
2003-11-25
None
<div><div>
	<p>From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</p>
	</div><div>
<p>The <b>William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition</b>, often abbreviated to <b>Putnam Competition</b>, is an annual <a href="/wiki/List_of_mathematics_competitions">mathematics competition</a> for <a href="/wiki/Undergraduate">undergraduate</a> <a href="/wiki/College">college</a> <a href="/wiki/Student">students</a> enrolled at institutions of higher learning in the <a href="/wiki/United_States">United States</a> and <a href="/wiki/Canada">Canada</a> (regardless of the students' nationalities). It awards a <a href="/wiki/Scholarship">scholarship</a> and cash prizes ranging from $250 to $2,500 for the top students and $5,000 to $25,000 for the top schools, plus one of the top five individual scorers (designated as <i><a href="#Putnam_Fellows">Putnam Fellows</a></i>) is awarded a scholarship of up to $12,000 plus tuition at <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard University</a> (Putnam Fellow Prize Fellowship),<sup><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup> the top 100 individual scorers have their names mentioned in the <a href="/wiki/American_Mathematical_Monthly">American Mathematical Monthly</a> (alphabetically ordered within rank), and the names and addresses of the top 500 contestants are mailed to all participating institutions. It is widely considered to be the most prestigious university-level mathematics competition in the world, and its difficulty is such that the median score is often zero (out of 120) despite being attempted by students specializing in mathematics.<sup><a href="#cite_note-maadescr-2">[2]</a></sup><sup><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup>
</p><p>The competition was founded in 1927 by <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Lowell_Putnam">Elizabeth Lowell Putnam</a> in memory of her husband <a href="/wiki/William_Lowell_Putnam">William Lowell Putnam</a>, who was an advocate of intercollegiate intellectual competition. The competition has been offered annually since 1938 and is administered by the <a href="/wiki/Mathematical_Association_of_America">Mathematical Association of America</a>.<sup><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2>Competition layout[<a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lowell_Putnam_Mathematical_Competition&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1">edit</a>]</h2>
<p>The Putnam competition takes place on the first Saturday in December, and consists of two three-hour sittings separated by a lunch break. The competition is supervised by faculty members at the participating schools. Each one consists of twelve challenging problems. The problems cover a range of advanced material in undergraduate mathematics, including concepts from group theory, set theory, graph theory, lattice theory, and number theory. <sup><a href="#cite_note-auto-5">[5]</a></sup>
</p><p>Each of the twelve questions is worth 10 points, and the most frequent scores above zero are 10 points for a complete solution, 9 points for a nearly complete solution, and 1 point for the beginnings of a solution. In earlier years, the twelve questions were worth one point each, with no partial credit given. The competition is considered to be very difficult: it is typically attempted by students specializing in mathematics, but the <a href="/wiki/Median">median</a> score is usually zero or one point out of 120 possible, and there have been only five perfect scores as of 2021.<sup><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup><sup><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup> In 2003, of the 3,615 students competing, 1,024 (28%) scored 10 or more points, and 42 points was sufficient to make the top percentile.
</p><p>At a participating college, any student who wishes to take part in the competition may (limited by the number of spots a school receives); but until 2019 the school's official team consisted of three individuals whom it designated in advance. Until 2019, a team's score was the sum of the ranks of its three team members, with the lowest cumulative rank winning. It was entirely possible, even commonplace at some institutions, for the eventual results to show that the "wrong" team was picked—i.e. that some students not on the official team outscored an official team member. For example, in 2010, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a> had two of the top five scorers in the competition and seven of the top 24, while <a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a> had just one student in the top five and only four in the top 24; yet Caltech took first place among teams while MIT took second.<sup><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup> In 2019 the rules of the competition changed, with a school's team consisting of its top three scorers, and team ranks determined by comparing the sums of the scores of the team members. <sup><a href="#cite_note-auto-5">[5]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3>Awards[<a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lowell_Putnam_Mathematical_Competition&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2">edit</a>]</h3>
<p>The top five teams win $25,000, $20,000, $15,000, $10,000, and $5,000, in that order, with team members receiving $1,000, $800, $600, $400, and $200, respectively.
</p><p>The top five individual scorers are named <b>Putnam Fellows</b> and awarded $2,500. The school with the first-place team receives an award of $25,000. Each first-place team member, as well as the winner of the <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Lowell_Putnam_Prize">Elizabeth Lowell Putnam Prize</a>, receives $1,000. Sixth through 15th place individuals receive $1,000 and the next ten receive $250. The names of the top 100 students are published in the <i><a href="/wiki/American_Mathematical_Monthly">American Mathematical Monthly</a></i>, and competition results are published in early April of the year following the competition.<sup><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></sup>
</p><p>Many Putnam Fellows have gone on to become distinguished researchers in mathematics and other fields, including three <a href="/wiki/Fields_Medal">Fields Medalists</a>—<a href="/wiki/John_Milnor">John Milnor</a> (also an <a href="/wiki/Abel_Prize">Abel Prize</a> laureate), <a href="/wiki/David_Mumford">David Mumford</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Quillen">Daniel Quillen</a>—and two <a href="/wiki/Nobel_laureates">Nobel laureates</a> in physics—<a href="/wiki/Richard_Feynman">Richard Feynman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_G._Wilson">Kenneth Wilson</a>.
</p>
<h2>Winners[<a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lowell_Putnam_Mathematical_Competition&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3">edit</a>]</h2>
<h3>Top-scoring teams[<a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lowell_Putnam_Mathematical_Competition&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4">edit</a>]</h3>
<table>
<tbody><tr>
<th>Year
</th>
<th>First
</th>
<th>Second
</th>
<th>Third
</th>
<th>Fourth
</th>
<th>Fifth
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1938</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto">Toronto</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley">UC Berkeley</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Columbia_University">Columbia</a>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1939</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_College">Brooklyn College</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/William_Carey_University">Mississippi Woman's</a>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1940</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto">Toronto</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Yale_University">Yale</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Columbia_University">Columbia</a>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1941</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_College">Brooklyn College</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania">UPenn</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1942</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto">Toronto</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Yale_University">Yale</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/City_College_of_New_York">City College of NY</a>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1946</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto">Toronto</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_College">Brooklyn College</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Institute_of_Technology">Carnegie Tech</a>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1947</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Yale_University">Yale</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Columbia_University">Columbia</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania">UPenn</a>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1948</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_College">Brooklyn College</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto">Toronto</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/City_College_of_New_York">City College of NY</a> <i><b>and</b></i> <a href="/wiki/McGill_University">McGill</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1949</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto">Toronto</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Mellon_University">Carnegie Tech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/City_College_of_New_York">City College of NY</a>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1950</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/New_York_University">NYU</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto">Toronto</a>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1951</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cornell_University">Cornell</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cooper_Union">Cooper Union</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/City_College_of_New_York">City College of NY</a>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1952</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_University_at_Kingston">Queen's</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Polytechnic_Institute_of_New_York_University">Brooklyn Polytech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1953</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/City_College_of_New_York">City College of NY</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cornell_University">Cornell</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley">UC Berkeley</a>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1954</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cornell_University">Cornell</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto">Toronto</a>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1955</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto">Toronto</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Yale_University">Yale</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Kenyon_College">Kenyon</a>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1956</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Columbia_University">Columbia</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_University_at_Kingston">Queen's</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1957</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Columbia_University">Columbia</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cornell_University">Cornell</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1958 (Spring)</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Polytechnic_Institute_of_New_York_University">Brooklyn Polytech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto">Toronto</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Manitoba">Manitoba</a>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1958 (Fall)</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto">Toronto</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cornell_University">Cornell</a>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1959</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/New_York_University_Tandon_School_of_Engineering">Brooklyn Polytech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto">Toronto</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Case_Institute_of_Technology">Case Tech</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1960</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley">UC Berkeley</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Michigan_State_University">Michigan State</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cornell_University">Cornell</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1961</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Michigan_State_University">Michigan State</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Dartmouth_College">Dartmouth</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1962</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Dartmouth_College">Dartmouth</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_University_at_Kingston">Queen's</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Los_Angeles">UCLA</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1963</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Michigan_State_University">Michigan State</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_College">Brooklyn College</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania">UPenn</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1964</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Case_Institute_of_Technology">Case Tech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley">UC Berkeley</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1965</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto">Toronto</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1966</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago">Chicago</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan">Michigan</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1967</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Michigan_State_University">Michigan State</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan">Michigan</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1968</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo">Waterloo</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Los_Angeles">UCLA</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Michigan_State_University">Michigan State</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Kansas">Kansas</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1969</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Rice_University">Rice</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago">Chicago</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Yale_University">Yale</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1970</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago">Chicago</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto">Toronto</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Illinois_Institute_of_Technology">Illinois Tech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1971</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago">Chicago</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Davis">UC Davis</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1972</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Oberlin_College">Oberlin</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Swarthmore_College">Swarthmore</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1973</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_British_Columbia">British Columbia</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago">Chicago</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1974</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo">Waterloo</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago">Chicago</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_British_Columbia">British Columbia</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1975</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago">Chicago</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1976</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Washington_University_in_St._Louis">Washington U in StL</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Case_Western_Reserve_University">Case Western Reserve</a> <i><b>and</b></i> <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1977</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Washington_University_in_St._Louis">Washington U in StL</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Davis">UC Davis</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1978</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Case_Western_Reserve_University">Case Western Reserve</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Washington_University_in_St._Louis">Washington U in StL</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo">Waterloo</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1979</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University">Stanford</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo">Waterloo</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1980</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Washington_University_in_St._Louis">Washington U in StL</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland,_College_Park">Maryland</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago">Chicago</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley">UC Berkeley</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1981</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Washington_University_in_St._Louis">Washington U in StL</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University">Stanford</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland,_College_Park">Maryland</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1982</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo">Waterloo</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Yale_University">Yale</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1983</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Washington_University_in_St._Louis">Washington U in StL</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo">Waterloo</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago">Chicago</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1984</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Davis">UC Davis</a> <i><b>and</b></i> <a href="/wiki/Washington_University_in_St._Louis">Washington U in StL</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Yale_University">Yale</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1985</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley">UC Berkeley</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Rice_University">Rice</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo">Waterloo</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1986</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Washington_University_in_St._Louis">Washington U in StL</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley">UC Berkeley</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Yale_University">Yale</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1987</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Mellon_University">Carnegie Mellon</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley">UC Berkeley</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1988</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Rice_University">Rice</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo">Waterloo</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1989</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo">Waterloo</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Yale_University">Yale</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Rice_University">Rice</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1990</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Duke_University">Duke</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo">Waterloo</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Yale_University">Yale</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Washington_University_in_St._Louis">Washington U in StL</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1991</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo">Waterloo</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Mudd_College">Harvey Mudd</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University">Stanford</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Yale_University">Yale</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1992</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto">Toronto</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo">Waterloo</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cornell_University">Cornell</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1993</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Duke_University">Duke</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Miami_University">Miami University</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan">Michigan</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1994</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cornell_University">Cornell</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo">Waterloo</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1995</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cornell_University">Cornell</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto">Toronto</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1996</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Duke_University">Duke</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Washington_University_in_St._Louis">Washington U in StL</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1997</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Duke_University">Duke</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Washington_University_in_St._Louis">Washington U in StL</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1998</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo">Waterloo</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1999</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo">Waterloo</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Duke_University">Duke</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan">Michigan</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago">Chicago</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>2000</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Duke_University">Duke</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto">Toronto</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>2001</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Duke_University">Duke</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley">UC Berkeley</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University">Stanford</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>2002</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Duke_University">Duke</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley">UC Berkeley</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University">Stanford</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>2003</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Duke_University">Duke</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Mudd_College">Harvey Mudd</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>2004</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Duke_University">Duke</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo">Waterloo</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>2005</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Duke_University">Duke</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo">Waterloo</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>2006</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto">Toronto</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago">Chicago</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>2007</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University">Stanford</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Duke_University">Duke</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>2008</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University">Stanford</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>2009</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University">Stanford</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>2010</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley">UC Berkeley</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo">Waterloo</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>2011</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Mellon_University">Carnegie Mellon</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University">Stanford</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>2012</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Los_Angeles">UCLA</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Stony_Brook_University">Stony Brook</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Mellon_University">Carnegie Mellon</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>2013</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Mellon_University">Carnegie Mellon</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University">Stanford</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>2014</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute">RPI</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo">Waterloo</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Mellon_University">Carnegie Mellon</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>2015</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Mellon_University">Carnegie Mellon</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University">Stanford</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>2016</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Mellon_University">Carnegie Mellon</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University">Stanford</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>2017</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto">Toronto</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Los_Angeles">UCLA</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>2018</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Los_Angeles">UCLA</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Columbia_University">Columbia</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University">Stanford</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>2019</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University">Stanford</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Los_Angeles">UCLA</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo">Waterloo</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>2021</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University">Stanford</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Los_Angeles">UCLA</a>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<h3>Teams ranked by historical performance[<a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lowell_Putnam_Mathematical_Competition&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5">edit</a>]</h3>
<p>Below is a table of teams by the number of appearances in the top five and number of titles.
</p><p>The following table lists Teams finishing in Top Five (as of 2021 competition):
</p>
<table>
<tbody><tr>
<th>Top Five
</th>
<th>Team (s)
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>66</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>51</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>33</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>32</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>20</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo">Waterloo</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>19</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto">Toronto</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>15</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University">Stanford</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>12</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Duke_University">Duke</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>11</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago">Chicago</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington_University_in_St._Louis">Washington University in St. Louis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yale_University">Yale</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>10</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley">UC Berkeley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cornell_University">Cornell</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>9</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Mellon_University">Carnegie Mellon</a> (including former <a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Institute_of_Technology">Carnegie Tech</a>)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>7</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Los_Angeles">UCLA</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>6</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Columbia_University">Columbia</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>5</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_College">Brooklyn College</a>, <a href="/wiki/City_College_of_New_York">City College of New York</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michigan_State_University">Michigan State</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>4</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Case_Western_Reserve_University">Case Western Reserve</a> (including former <a href="/wiki/Case_Institute_of_Technology">Case Tech</a>), <a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan">Michigan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rice_University">Rice</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>3</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Polytechnic_Institute_of_New_York_University">Brooklyn Polytech</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Davis">UC Davis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_University_at_Kingston">Queen's</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania">Penn</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>2</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_British_Columbia">British Columbia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dartmouth_College">Dartmouth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harvey_Mudd_College">Harvey Mudd</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland,_College_Park">Maryland</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cooper_Union">Cooper Union</a>, <a href="/wiki/Illinois_Institute_of_Technology">Illinois Tech</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Kansas">Kansas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kenyon_College">Kenyon</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Manitoba">Manitoba</a>, <a href="/wiki/McGill_University">McGill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Miami_University">Miami University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute">RPI</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/New_York_University">NYU</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oberlin_College">Oberlin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stony_Brook_University">Stony Brook</a>, <a href="/wiki/Swarthmore_College">Swarthmore</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Carey_University">William Carey</a> (under former name of Mississippi Woman's)
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<p>For a recent analysis, the following table lists teams that finished in the top five since 2000 (as of 2021 competition):
</p>
<table>
<tbody><tr>
<th>Top Five
</th>
<th>Team (s)
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>20</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>12</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University">Stanford</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>11</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>8</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>7</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Duke_University">Duke</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>6</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Mellon_University">Carnegie Mellon</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>5</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Los_Angeles">UCLA</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo">Waterloo</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>3</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley">UC Berkeley</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto">Toronto</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago">Chicago</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harvey_Mudd_College">Harvey Mudd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stony_Brook_University">Stony Brook</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute">RPI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University">Columbia</a>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<p>The following table lists Teams with First place finishes (as of 2021 competition):
</p>
<table>
<tbody><tr>
<th>First Place
</th>
<th>Team (s)
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>30</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>11</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>10</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>4</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto">Toronto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington_University_in_St._Louis">Washington University in St. Louis</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>3</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_College">Brooklyn College</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duke_University">Duke</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michigan_State_University">Michigan State</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>2</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Polytechnic_Institute_of_Brooklyn">Brooklyn Polytech</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cornell_University">Cornell</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo">Waterloo</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>1</b>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley">UC Berkeley</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Davis">UC Davis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Mellon_University">Carnegie Mellon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Case_Western_Reserve_University">Case Western Reserve</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago">Chicago</a>, <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University">Princeton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_University_at_Kingston">Queen's</a>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<h3>Putnam Fellows[<a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lowell_Putnam_Mathematical_Competition&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6">edit</a>]</h3>
<p>Since the first competition, the top five (or six, in case of a tie) scorers in the competition have been named <b>Putnam Fellows</b>. Within the top five, Putnam Fellows are not ranked. Students are not allowed to participate in the Putnam Competition more than four times. For example, if a high school senior chooses to officially participate, he/she effectively chooses to forfeit one of his/her years of eligibility in college (see <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Carroll">Gabriel Carroll</a>). This makes it even more of a remarkable feat to become a Putnam Fellow four times. In the history of the Competition, only eight students have been Putnam Fellows four times, with twenty-three others winning the award three times. The following table lists these students:
</p>
<table>
<tbody><tr>
<th>Name
</th>
<th>School
</th>
<th><i>Years</i>
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Don_Coppersmith">Don Coppersmith</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">MIT</a>
</td>
<td>1968
</td>
<td>1969
</td>
<td>1970
</td>
<td>1971
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Rubin">Arthur Rubin</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Purdue_University">Purdue</a>, <a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology">Caltech</a>
</td>
<td>1970
</td>
<td>1971
</td>
<td>1972
</td>
<td>1973
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Bjorn_Poonen">Bjorn M. Poonen</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University">Harvard</a>
</td>
<td>1985
</td>
<td>1986
</td>
<td>1987
</td>
<td>1988
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Ravi_D._Vakil">Ravi D. Vakil</a>
</td>
<td>Toronto
</td>
<td>1988
</td>
<td>1989
</td>
<td>1990
</td>
<td>1991
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_D._Carroll">Gabriel D. Carroll</a>
</td>
<td>UC Berkeley, Harvard
</td>
<td>2000
</td>
<td>2001
</td>
<td>2002
</td>
<td>2003
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Reid_W._Barton">Reid W. Barton</a>
</td>
<td>MIT
</td>
<td>2001
</td>
<td>2002
</td>
<td>2003
</td>
<td>2004
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Kane_(mathematician)">Daniel Kane</a>
</td>
<td>MIT
</td>
<td>2003
</td>
<td>2004
</td>
<td>2005
</td>
<td>2006
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Brian R. Lawrence
</td>
<td>Caltech
</td>
<td>2007
</td>
<td>2008
</td>
<td>2010
</td>
<td>2011
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Edward_L._Kaplan">Edward L. Kaplan</a>
</td>
<td>Carnegie Tech
</td>
<td>1939
</td>
<td>1940
</td>
<td>1941
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Gleason">Andrew M. Gleason</a>
</td>
<td>Yale
</td>
<td>1940
</td>
<td>1941
</td>
<td>1942
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Donald_J._Newman">Donald J. Newman</a>
</td>
<td>City College of NY
</td>
<td>1948
</td>
<td>1949
</td>
<td>1950
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>James B. Herreshoff IV
</td>
<td>UC Berkeley
</td>
<td>1951
</td>
<td>1952
</td>
<td>1953
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Samuel Jacob Klein
</td>
<td>City College of NY
</td>
<td>1953
</td>
<td>1959
</td>
<td>1960
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Randall_Dougherty">Randall L. Dougherty</a>
</td>
<td>UC Berkeley
</td>
<td>1978
</td>
<td>1979
</td>
<td>1980
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Eric D. Carlson
</td>
<td>Michigan State
</td>
<td>1980
</td>
<td>1982
</td>
<td>1983
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>David W. Ash
</td>
<td>Waterloo
</td>
<td>1981
</td>
<td>1982
</td>
<td>1983
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Noam_Elkies">Noam D. Elkies</a>
</td>
<td>Columbia
</td>
<td>1982
</td>
<td>1983
</td>
<td>1984
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>David J. Grabiner
</td>
<td>Princeton
</td>
<td>1986
</td>
<td>1987
</td>
<td>1988
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>David J. Moews
</td>
<td>Harvard
</td>
<td>1986
</td>
<td>1987
</td>
<td>1988
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>J. P. Grossman
</td>
<td>Toronto
</td>
<td>1993
</td>
<td>1994
</td>
<td>1995
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Kiran_Kedlaya">Kiran S. Kedlaya</a>
</td>
<td>Harvard
</td>
<td>1993
</td>
<td>1994
</td>
<td>1995
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Lenhard_Ng">Lenhard L. Ng</a>
</td>
<td>Harvard
</td>
<td>1993
</td>
<td>1994
</td>
<td>1995
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Ciprian_Manolescu">Ciprian Manolescu</a>
</td>
<td>Harvard
</td>
<td>1997
</td>
<td>1998
</td>
<td>2000
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Pixton">Aaron C. Pixton</a>
</td>
<td>Princeton
</td>
<td>2004
</td>
<td>2005
</td>
<td>2007
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Yufei Zhao
</td>
<td>MIT
</td>
<td>2006
</td>
<td>2008
</td>
<td>2009
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Arnav Tripathy
</td>
<td>Harvard
</td>
<td>2007
</td>
<td>2008
</td>
<td>2009
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Seok Hyeong Lee
</td>
<td>Stanford
</td>
<td>2008
</td>
<td>2010
</td>
<td>2011
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Evan_O%27Dorney">Evan M. O'Dorney</a>
</td>
<td>UC Berkeley, Harvard
</td>
<td>2011
</td>
<td>2012
</td>
<td>2013
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Zipei Nie
</td>
<td>MIT
</td>
<td>2012
</td>
<td>2013
</td>
<td>2014
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>David H. Yang
</td>
<td>MIT
</td>
<td>2013
</td>
<td>2014
</td>
<td>2015
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Yunkun Zhou
</td>
<td>MIT
</td>
<td>2015
</td>
<td>2016
</td>
<td>2017
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Shengtong Zhang
</td>
<td>MIT
</td>
<td>2018
</td>
<td>2019
</td>
<td>2021
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<p>The following table lists all Putnam fellows from 1938 to present, with the years they placed in the top five.<sup><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ioana_Dumitriu">Ioana Dumitriu</a> was the first woman to become a <a href="/wiki/Putnam_Fellow">Putnam Fellow</a>, in 1996.
</p>
<table>
<tbody><tr>
<th>Name (School)
</th>
<th>Year (s)
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/George_W._Mackey">George W. Mackey</a> (Rice)
</td>
<td>1938
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Irving_Kaplansky">Irving Kaplansky</a> (Toronto)
</td>
<td>1938
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Michael J. Norris (<a href="/wiki/University_of_St._Thomas_(Minnesota)">College of St. Thomas</a>)
</td>
<td>1938
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Robert W. Gibson (<a href="/wiki/Fort_Hays_State_University">Fort Hays Kansas State</a>)
</td>
<td>1938
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Bernard Sherman (Brooklyn College)
</td>
<td>1938, 1939
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Abraham Hillman (Brooklyn College)
</td>
<td>1939
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Richard_P._Feynman">Richard P. Feynman</a> (MIT)
</td>
<td>1939
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/William_Nierenberg">William Nierenberg</a> (City College of NY)
</td>
<td>1939
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Edward L. Kaplan (Carnegie Tech)
</td>
<td>1939, 1940, 1941
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>John Cotton Maynard (Toronto)
</td>
<td>1940
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Robert Maughan Snow (<a href="/wiki/George_Washington_University">George Washington</a>)
</td>
<td>1940
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>W. J. R. Crosby (Toronto)
</td>
<td>1940
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Gleason">Andrew M. Gleason</a> (Yale)
</td>
<td>1940, 1941, 1942
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Paul_C._Rosenbloom">Paul C. Rosenbloom</a> (UPenn)
</td>
<td>1941
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Richard_F._Arens">Richard F. Arens</a> (<a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Los_Angeles">UCLA</a>)
</td>
<td>1941
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Samuel I. Askovitz (UPenn)
</td>
<td>1941
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Harold Victor Lyons (Toronto)
</td>
<td>1942
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Harvey Cohn (City College of NY)
</td>
<td>1942
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Melvin A. Preston (Toronto)
</td>
<td>1942
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Warren S. Loud (MIT)
</td>
<td>1942
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Donald_A._S._Fraser">Donald A. Fraser</a> (Toronto)
</td>
<td>1946
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Eugenio_Calabi">Eugenio Calabi</a> (MIT)
</td>
<td>1946
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Felix_Browder">Felix Browder</a> (MIT)
</td>
<td>1946
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>J. Arthur Greenwood (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1946
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Maxwell_A._Rosenlicht">Maxwell A. Rosenlicht</a> (Columbia)
</td>
<td>1946, 1947
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Clarence Wilson Hewlett, Jr. (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1947
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>William Turanski (UPenn)
</td>
<td>1947
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Eoin L. Whitney (<a href="/wiki/University_of_Alberta">Alberta</a>)
</td>
<td>1947, 1948
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/W._Forrest_Stinespring">W. Forrest Stinespring</a> (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1947, 1949
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/George_F._D._Duff">George F. D. Duff</a> (Toronto)
</td>
<td>1948
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Harry Gonshor (McGill)
</td>
<td>1948
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Leonard Geller (Brooklyn College)
</td>
<td>1948
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Robert_Mills_(physicist)">Robert L. Mills</a> (Columbia)
</td>
<td>1948
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Donald_J._Newman">Donald J. Newman</a> (City College of NY)
</td>
<td>1948, 1949, 1950
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Ariel Zemach (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1949
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>David L. Yarmush (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1949
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/John_Milnor">John W. Milnor</a> (Princeton)
</td>
<td>1949, 1950
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>John P. Mayberry (Toronto)
</td>
<td>1950
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Richard J. Semple (Toronto)
</td>
<td>1950
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Z. Alexander Melzak (British Columbia)
</td>
<td>1950
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Arthur_P._Dempster">Arthur P. Dempster</a> (Toronto)
</td>
<td>1951
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Harold_Widom">Harold Widom</a> (City College of NY)
</td>
<td>1951
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Herbert C. Kranzer (NYU)
</td>
<td>1951
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Peter John Redmond (Cooper Union)
</td>
<td>1951
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>James B. Herreshoff IV (UC Berkeley)
</td>
<td>1951, 1952, 1953
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Eugene R. Rodemich (Washington U in StL)
</td>
<td>1952
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Gerhard Rayna (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1952
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Richard_G._Swan">Richard G. Swan</a> (Princeton)
</td>
<td>1952
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Walter_Lewis_Baily,_Jr.">Walter Lewis Baily, Jr.</a> (MIT)
</td>
<td>1952
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Marshall L. Freimer (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1953
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Norman Bauman (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1953
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Tai_Tsun_Wu">Tai Tsun Wu</a> (<a href="/wiki/University_of_Minnesota">Minnesota</a>)
</td>
<td>1953
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Samuel Jacob Klein (City College of NY)
</td>
<td>1953, 1959, 1960
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Benjamin Muckenhoupt (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1954
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/James_Daniel_Bjorken">James Daniel Bjorken</a> (MIT)
</td>
<td>1954
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Leonard Evens (Cornell)
</td>
<td>1954
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>William P. Hanf (UC Berkeley)
</td>
<td>1954
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_G._Wilson">Kenneth G. Wilson</a> (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1954, 1956
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Howard C. Rumsey, Jr. (Caltech)
</td>
<td>1955
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Jack Towber (Brooklyn College)
</td>
<td>1955
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/David_B._Mumford">David B. Mumford</a> (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1955, 1956
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Trevor Barker (Kenyon)
</td>
<td>1955, 1956
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Everett_C._Dade">Everett C. Dade</a> (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1955, 1957
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Richard Michael Friedberg (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1956
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>David M. Bloom (Columbia)
</td>
<td>1956, 1957
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>J. Ian Richards (Minnesota)
</td>
<td>1957
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Richard T. Bumby (MIT)
</td>
<td>1957
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Rohit_Jivanlal_Parikh">Rohit J. Parikh</a> (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1957
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>David R. Brillinger (Toronto)
</td>
<td>Spring 1958
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Donald J. C. Bures (Queen's)
</td>
<td>Spring 1958
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Lawrence A. Shepp (Brooklyn Polytech)
</td>
<td>Spring 1958
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Richard_M._Dudley">Richard M. Dudley</a> (Harvard)
</td>
<td>Spring 1958
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Lipman">Joseph Lipman</a> (Toronto)
</td>
<td>Spring 1958, Fall 1958
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Alan Gaisford Waterman (<a href="/wiki/San_Diego_State_College">San Diego State</a>)
</td>
<td>Fall 1958
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>John Rex Forrester Hewett (Toronto)
</td>
<td>Fall 1958
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Robin_Hartshorne">Robert C. Hartshorne</a> (Harvard)
</td>
<td>Fall 1958
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Alfred_W._Hales">Alfred W. Hales</a> (Caltech)
</td>
<td>Fall 1958, 1959
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Quillen">Daniel G. Quillen</a> (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1959
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Donald Passman (Brooklyn Polytech)
</td>
<td>1959
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Donald S. Gorman (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1959
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Martin Isaacs (Brooklyn Polytech)
</td>
<td>1959
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Stephen_L._Adler">Stephen L. Adler</a> (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1959
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Lichtenbaum">Stephen Lichtenbaum</a> (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1959
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Jon_H._Folkman">Jon H. Folkman</a> (UC Berkeley)
</td>
<td>1960
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Louis Jaeckel (<a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Los_Angeles">UCLA</a>)
</td>
<td>1960
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Melvin_Hochster">Melvin Hochster</a> (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1960
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>William R. Emerson (Caltech)
</td>
<td>1960
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Barry Wolk (Manitoba)
</td>
<td>1961
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Elwyn_R._Berlekamp">Elwyn R. Berlekamp</a> (MIT)
</td>
<td>1961
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Edward Anton Bender (Caltech)
</td>
<td>1961, 1962
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>John Hathaway Lindsey (Caltech)
</td>
<td>1961, 1962
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/William_C._Waterhouse">William C. Waterhouse</a> (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1961, 1962
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>John William Wood (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1962
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Robert S. Strichartz (Dartmouth)
</td>
<td>1962
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Joel_Spencer">Joel H. Spencer</a> (MIT)
</td>
<td>1963
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Lawrence A. Zalcman (Dartmouth)
</td>
<td>1963
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Lawrence J. Corwin (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1963
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Robert_E._Greene">Robert E. Greene</a> (Michigan State)
</td>
<td>1963
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Stephen E. Crick, Jr. (Michigan State)
</td>
<td>1963
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Barry B. MacKichan (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1964
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Fred William Roush (<a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Carolina_at_Chapel_Hill">UNC Chapel Hill</a>)
</td>
<td>1964
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Roger_Evans_Howe">Roger E. Howe</a> (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1964
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Rufus_Bowen">Rufus (Robert) Bowen</a> (UC Berkeley)
</td>
<td>1964, 1965
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Vern_Sheridan_Poythress">Vern Sheridan Poythress</a> (Caltech)
</td>
<td>1964
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Blass">Andreas R. Blass</a> (<a href="/wiki/University_of_Detroit">Detroit</a>)
</td>
<td>1965
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Barry_Simon">Barry Simon</a> (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1965
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Daniel Fendel (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1965
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Lon M. Rosen (Toronto)
</td>
<td>1965
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Marshall W. Buck (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1966
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Robert E. Maas (<a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara_University">Santa Clara</a>)
</td>
<td>1966
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Robert S. Winternitz (MIT)
</td>
<td>1966
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Theodore C. Chang (MIT)
</td>
<td>1966
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Richard_C._Schroeppel">Richard C. Schroeppel</a> (MIT)
</td>
<td>1966, 1967
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>David R. Haynor (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1967
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Hejhal">Dennis A. Hejhal</a> (Chicago)
</td>
<td>1967
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Don_B._Zagier">Don B. Zagier</a> (MIT)
</td>
<td>1967
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Peter_Montgomery_(mathematician)">Peter L. Montgomery</a> (UC Berkeley)
</td>
<td>1967
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Dean G. Huffman (Yale)
</td>
<td>1968
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Gerald S. Gras (MIT)
</td>
<td>1968
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Neal_Koblitz">Neal Koblitz</a> (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1968
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Gerald A. Edgar (<a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Santa_Barbara">UC Santa Barbara</a>)
</td>
<td>1968, 1969
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Don_Coppersmith">Don Coppersmith</a> (MIT)
</td>
<td>1968, 1969, 1970, 1971
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Alan R. Beale (Rice)
</td>
<td>1969
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Steven K. Winkler (MIT)
</td>
<td>1969, 1970
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Robert A. Oliver (Chicago)
</td>
<td>1969, 1970
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Lagarias">Jeffrey Lagarias</a> (MIT)
</td>
<td>1970
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Jockum Aniansson (Yale)
</td>
<td>1970
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Rubin">Arthur Rubin</a> (Purdue, Caltech)
</td>
<td>1970, 1971, 1972, 1973
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Dale Peterson (Yale)
</td>
<td>1971
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>David Shucker (Swarthmore)
</td>
<td>1971
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Robert Israel (Chicago)
</td>
<td>1971
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Michael Yoder (Caltech)
</td>
<td>1971, 1972
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Arthur Rothstein (<a href="/wiki/Reed_College">Reed</a>)
</td>
<td>1972
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/David_Vogan">David Vogan</a> (Chicago)
</td>
<td>1972
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Dean Hickerson (UC Davis)
</td>
<td>1972
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Ira_Gessel">Ira Gessel</a> (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1972
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Angelos J. Tsirimokos (Princeton)
</td>
<td>1973
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Matthew L. Ginsberg (<a href="/wiki/Wesleyan_University">Wesleyan</a>)
</td>
<td>1973
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Peter G. De Buda (Toronto)
</td>
<td>1973
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>David J. Anick (MIT)
</td>
<td>1973, 1975
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Grant M. Roberts (Waterloo)
</td>
<td>1974
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/James_B._Saxe">James B. Saxe</a> (<a href="/wiki/Union_College">Union</a>)
</td>
<td>1974
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Karl_Rubin">Karl C. Rubin</a> (Princeton)
</td>
<td>1974
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Philip N. Strenski (<a href="/wiki/Armstrong_State_College">Armstrong State</a>)
</td>
<td>1974
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Goodwillie_(mathematician)">Thomas G. Goodwillie</a> (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1974, 1975
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Ernest S. Davis (MIT)
</td>
<td>1975
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Franklin T. Adams (Chicago)
</td>
<td>1975
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Christopher L. Henley (Caltech)
</td>
<td>1975, 1976
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>David J. Wright (Cornell)
</td>
<td>1976
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Nathaniel S. Kuhn (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1976
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Paul M. Herdig (Case Western Reserve)
</td>
<td>1976
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Philip I. Harrington (Washington U in StL)
</td>
<td>1976
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Steven T. Tschantz (UC Berkeley)
</td>
<td>1976, 1978
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Adam L. Stephanides (Chicago)
</td>
<td>1977, 1981
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Michael Roberts (MIT)
</td>
<td>1977
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Paul_Vojta">Paul A. Vojta</a> (Minnesota)
</td>
<td>1977
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Stephen W. Modzelewski (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1977
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Russell_Lyons">Russell D. Lyons</a> (Case Western Reserve)
</td>
<td>1977, 1978
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Mark R. Kleiman (Princeton)
</td>
<td>1978
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Peter_W._Shor">Peter W. Shor</a> (Caltech)
</td>
<td>1978
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Randall_Dougherty">Randall L. Dougherty</a> (UC Berkeley)
</td>
<td>1978, 1979, 1980
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Charles H. Walter (Princeton)
</td>
<td>1979
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Mark G. Pleszkoch (<a href="/wiki/University_of_Virginia">Virginia</a>)
</td>
<td>1979
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Miller_Puckette">Miller Puckette</a> (MIT)
</td>
<td>1979
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Richard Mifflin (Rice)
</td>
<td>1979
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Daniel J. Goldstein (Chicago)
</td>
<td>1980
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Laurence E. Penn (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1980
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Michael Raship (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1980
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Eric D. Carlson (Michigan State)
</td>
<td>1980, 1982, 1983
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Robin A. Pemantle (UC Berkeley)
</td>
<td>1981
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Scott R. Fluhrer (Case Western Reserve)
</td>
<td>1981
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>David W. Ash (Waterloo)
</td>
<td>1981, 1982, 1983
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Michael_J._Larsen">Michael J. Larsen</a> (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1981, 1983
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Brian R. Hunt (Maryland)
</td>
<td>1982
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Edward A. Shpiz (Washington U in StL)
</td>
<td>1982
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Noam_Elkies">Noam D. Elkies</a> (Columbia)
</td>
<td>1982, 1983, 1984
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Gregg N. Patruno (Princeton)
</td>
<td>1983
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Benji N. Fisher (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1984
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Daniel W. Johnson (<a href="/wiki/Rose-Hulman_Institute_of_Technology">Rose-Hulman Tech</a>)
</td>
<td>1984
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Richard A. Stong (Washington U in StL)
</td>
<td>1984
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Michael Reid (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1984, 1987
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Everett W. Howe (Caltech)
</td>
<td>1985
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Keith A. Ramsay (Chicago)
</td>
<td>1985
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Martin V. Hildebrand (<a href="/wiki/Williams_College">Williams</a>)
</td>
<td>1985
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Douglas S. Jungreis (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1985, 1986
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Bjorn_Poonen">Bjorn M. Poonen</a> (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1985, 1986, 1987, 1988
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/David_Zuckerman_(computer_scientist)">David I. Zuckerman</a> (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1986
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Waldemar P. Horwat (MIT)
</td>
<td>1986
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>David J. Grabiner (Princeton)
</td>
<td>1986, 1987, 1988
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>David J. Moews (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1986, 1987, 1988
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Constantin S. Teleman (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1987
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>John S. Tillinghast (UC Davis)
</td>
<td>1987
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Kahn">Jeremy A. Kahn</a> (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1988
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Ravi_D._Vakil">Ravi D. Vakil</a> (Toronto)
</td>
<td>1988, 1989, 1990, 1991
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Kresch">Andrew H. Kresch</a> (Yale)
</td>
<td>1989
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Christos A. Athanasiadis (MIT)
</td>
<td>1989
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Colin M. Springer (Waterloo)
</td>
<td>1989
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Sihao Wu (Yale)
</td>
<td>1989
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>William P. Cross (Caltech)
</td>
<td>1989
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Jordan Lampe (UC Berkeley)
</td>
<td>1990
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Raymond M. Sidney (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1990
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Eric K. Wepsic (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1990, 1991
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Jordan_Ellenberg">Jordan S. Ellenberg</a> (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1990, 1992
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Joshua B. Fischman (Princeton)
</td>
<td>1991
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Xi Chen (<a href="/wiki/Missouri_University_of_Science_and_Technology">Missouri–Rolla</a>)
</td>
<td>1991
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Samuel A. Kutin (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1991, 1992
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Jeffrey M. Vanderkam (Duke)
</td>
<td>1992
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Serban M. Nacu (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1992
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Adam_Logan">Adam M. Logan</a> (Princeton)
</td>
<td>1992, 1993
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Craig_Gentry_(computer_scientist)">Craig B. Gentry</a> (Duke)
</td>
<td>1993
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Wei-Hwa_Huang">Wei-Hwa Huang</a> (Caltech)
</td>
<td>1993
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>J. P. Grossman (Toronto)
</td>
<td>1993, 1994, 1995
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Kiran_Kedlaya">Kiran S. Kedlaya</a> (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1993, 1994, 1995
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Lenhard_Ng">Lenhard L. Ng</a> (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1993, 1994, 1995
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>William R. Mann (Princeton)
</td>
<td>1994
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Jeremy L. Bem (Cornell)
</td>
<td>1994, 1996
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Sergey V. Levin (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1995
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Yevgeniy Dodis (NYU)
</td>
<td>1995
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Dragos N. Oprea (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1996
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Ioana_Dumitriu">Ioana Dumitriu</a> (NYU)
</td>
<td>1996
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Robert_D._Kleinberg">Robert D. Kleinberg</a> (Cornell)
</td>
<td>1996
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Stephen S. Wang (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1996
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Daniel K. Schepler (Washington U in StL)
</td>
<td>1996, 1997
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Ovidiu_Savin">Ovidiu Savin</a> (<a href="/wiki/University_of_Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh</a>)
</td>
<td>1997
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Patrick K. Corn (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1997
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Samuel Grushevsky (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1997
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Mike_Develin">Mike L. Develin</a> (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1997, 1998
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Ciprian_Manolescu">Ciprian Manolescu</a> (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1997, 1998, 2000
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Ari M. Turner (Princeton)
</td>
<td>1998
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Nathan G. Curtis (Duke)
</td>
<td>1998
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Kevin D. Lacker (Duke)
</td>
<td>1998, 2001
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Christopher C. Mihelich (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1999
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Colin_Percival">Colin A. Percival</a> (<a href="/wiki/Simon_Fraser_University">Simon Fraser</a>)
</td>
<td>1999
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Davesh Maulik (Harvard)
</td>
<td>1999
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Derek I.E. Kisman (Waterloo)
</td>
<td>1999
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Sabin Cautis (Waterloo)
</td>
<td>1999
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Abhinav Kumar (MIT)
</td>
<td>1999, 2000
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Pavlo Pylyavskyy (MIT)
</td>
<td>2000
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Alexander B. Schwartz (Harvard)
</td>
<td>2000, 2002
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_D._Carroll">Gabriel D. Carroll</a> (UC Berkeley, Harvard)
</td>
<td>2000, 2001, 2002, 2003
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>George Lee, Jr. (Harvard)
</td>
<td>2001
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Jan K. Siwanowicz (City College of NY)
</td>
<td>2001
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Reid_W._Barton">Reid W. Barton</a> (MIT)
</td>
<td>2001, 2002, 2003, 2004
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Deniss Cebikins (MIT)
</td>
<td>2002
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Melanie_Wood">Melanie E. Wood</a> (Duke)
</td>
<td>2002
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Ralph C. Furmaniak (Waterloo)
</td>
<td>2003
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Ana_Caraiani">Ana Caraiani</a> (Princeton)
</td>
<td>2003, 2004
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Kane_(mathematician)">Daniel M. Kane</a> (MIT)
</td>
<td>2003, 2004, 2005, 2006
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Vladimir V. Barzov (MIT)
</td>
<td>2004
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Pixton">Aaron Pixton</a> (Princeton)
</td>
<td>2004, 2005, 2007
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Oleg I. Golberg (MIT)
</td>
<td>2005
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Matthew M. Ince (MIT)
</td>
<td>2005
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Ricky I. Liu (Harvard)
</td>
<td>2005
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Tiankai Liu (Harvard)
</td>
<td>2005, 2006
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Hansheng Diao (MIT)
</td>
<td>2006
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Po-Ru Loh (Caltech)
</td>
<td>2006
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Yufei Zhao (MIT)
</td>
<td>2006, 2008, 2009
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Jason C. Bland (Caltech)
</td>
<td>2007
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Brian R. Lawrence (Caltech)
</td>
<td>2007, 2008, 2010, 2011
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Qingchun Ren (MIT)
</td>
<td>2007, 2009
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Xuancheng Shao (MIT)
</td>
<td>2007
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Arnav Tripathy (Harvard)
</td>
<td>2007, 2008, 2009
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Seok Hyeong Lee (<a href="/wiki/Stanford_University">Stanford</a>)
</td>
<td>2008, 2010, 2011
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Bohua Zhan (MIT)
</td>
<td>2008
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>William A. Johnson (U of Washington)
</td>
<td>2009
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Xiaosheng Mu (Yale)
</td>
<td>2009, 2011
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Yu Deng (MIT)
</td>
<td>2010
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Colin P. Sandon (MIT)
</td>
<td>2010
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Alex (Lin) Zhai (Harvard)
</td>
<td>2010
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Samuel S. Elder (Caltech)
</td>
<td>2011
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Evan_O%27Dorney">Evan M. O'Dorney</a> (Harvard)
</td>
<td>2011, 2012, 2013
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Benjamin P. Gunby (MIT)
</td>
<td>2012
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Eric K. Larson (Harvard)
</td>
<td>2012
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Mitchell M. Lee (MIT)
</td>
<td>2012, 2013
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Zipei Nie (MIT)
</td>
<td>2012, 2013, 2014
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Bobby C. Shen (MIT)
</td>
<td>2013, 2014
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>David H. Yang (MIT)
</td>
<td>2013, 2014, 2015
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Ravi Jagadeesan (Harvard)
</td>
<td>2014
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Mark A. Sellke (MIT)
</td>
<td>2014
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Lingfu Zhang (MIT)
</td>
<td>2014
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Pakawut Jiradilok (Harvard)
</td>
<td>2015
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Bumsoo Kim (Princeton)
</td>
<td>2015
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Gyujin Oh (Stanford)
</td>
<td>2015
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Daniel Spivak (Waterloo)
</td>
<td>2015
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Yunkun Zhou (MIT)
</td>
<td>2015, 2016, 2017
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Joshua D. Brakensiek (Carnegie Mellon)
</td>
<td>2016
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Dong Ryul Kim (Harvard)
</td>
<td>2016, 2018
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Thomas E. Swayze (Carnegie Mellon)
</td>
<td>2016
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Samuel Zbarsky (Carnegie Mellon)
</td>
<td>2016
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>David Stoner (Harvard)
</td>
<td>2017, 2018
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/%C3%96mer_Cerraho%C4%9Flu">Ömer Cerrahoğlu</a> (MIT)
</td>
<td>2017
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Jiyang Gao (MIT)
</td>
<td>2017
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Junyao Peng (MIT)
</td>
<td>2017
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Ashwin Sah (MIT)
</td>
<td>2017, 2019
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Yuan Yao (MIT)
</td>
<td>2018, 2019
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Shengtong Zhang (MIT)
</td>
<td>2018, 2019, 2021
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Shyam Narayanan (Harvard)
</td>
<td>2018
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Kevin Sun (MIT)
</td>
<td>2019
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Daniel Zhu (MIT)
</td>
<td>2019, 2021
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Andrew Gu (MIT)
</td>
<td>2021
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Michael Ren (MIT)
</td>
<td>2021
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Edward Wan (MIT)
</td>
<td>2021
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<h3>Elizabeth Lowell Putnam Award winners[<a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lowell_Putnam_Mathematical_Competition&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7">edit</a>]</h3>
<p>Since 1992, the <b>Elizabeth Lowell Putnam Award</b> has been available to be awarded to a female participant with a high score, with three awards being made for the first time in 2019.<sup><a href="#cite_note-2019-winners-11">[11]</a></sup> The year(s) in which they were Fellows are in <b>bold</b>. <a href="/wiki/Ioana_Dumitriu">Ioana Dumitriu</a> was the first woman to become a <a href="/wiki/Putnam_Fellow">Putnam Fellow</a>, in 1996.
</p>
<table>
<tbody><tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>School</th>
<th>Year (s)
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>Dana Pascovici</td>
<td>Dartmouth</td>
<td>1992
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Britto">Ruth A. Britto-Pacumio</a></td>
<td>MIT</td>
<td>1994
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Ioana_Dumitriu">Ioana Dumitriu</a></td>
<td>NYU</td>
<td>1995, <b>1996</b>, 1997
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Wai Ling Yee</td>
<td>Waterloo</td>
<td>1999
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Melanie_Wood">Melanie E. Wood</a></td>
<td>Duke</td>
<td>2001, <b>2002</b>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Ana_Caraiani">Ana Caraiani</a></td>
<td>Princeton</td>
<td><b>2003, 2004</b>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Alison_Miller">Alison B. Miller</a></td>
<td>Harvard</td>
<td>2005, 2006, 2007
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Viktoriya_Krakovna">Viktoriya Krakovna</a></td>
<td>Toronto</td>
<td>2008
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Yinghui Wang</td>
<td>MIT</td>
<td>2010
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Fei Song</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td>2011
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Xiao Wu</td>
<td>Yale</td>
<td>2013
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Simona Diaconu</td>
<td>Princeton</td>
<td>2016
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Ni Yan</td>
<td>UCLA</td>
<td>2017
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Danielle Wang</td>
<td>MIT</td>
<td>2015, 2018
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Laura Pierson</td>
<td>Harvard</td>
<td>2019
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Qi Qi</td>
<td>MIT</td>
<td>2019
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Hanzhi Zheng</td>
<td>Stanford</td>
<td>2019
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Dain Kim</td>
<td>MIT</td>
<td>2021
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<h2>See also[<a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lowell_Putnam_Mathematical_Competition&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8">edit</a>]</h2>
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mathematics_awards">List of mathematics awards</a></li></ul>
<h2>References[<a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lowell_Putnam_Mathematical_Competition&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9">edit</a>]</h2>
<div><ol>
<li><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <cite><a href="http://math.scu.edu/putnam/prizecJan.html">"William Lowell Putnam Competition Prizes"</a>. <i>math.scu.edu</i>. Santa Clara University.</cite>
</li>
<li><b><a href="#cite_ref-maadescr_2-0">^</a></b> <cite><a href="https://www.maa.org/math-competitions/putnam-competition">"Putnam Competition | Mathematical Association of America"</a>. <i>www.maa.org</i>. Retrieved 18 April 2018.</cite>
</li>
<li><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <cite>David Arney; George Rosenstein. <a href="https://www.westpoint.edu/math/SitePages/Math%20Competition.aspx">"The Harvard-United States Military Academy Mathematics Competition of 1933: Genesis of the William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition"</a>. <i>www.westpoint.edu</i>. Retrieved 18 April 2018.</cite>
</li>
<li><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <cite><a href="http://math.scu.edu/putnam/historycJan.html">"History of the Putnam Prize"</a>. <i>Santa Clara University – Mathematics &amp; Computer Science</i>. Retrieved 7 November 2021.</cite>
</li>
<li>^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <cite><a href="https://www.maa.org/math-competitions/putnam-competition">"Putnam Competition | Mathematical Association of America"</a>. <i>www.maa.org</i>. Retrieved Mar 27, 2020.</cite>
</li>
<li><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b> <cite><a href="https://newsroom.maa.org/178598-82nd-putnam-competition-announces-top-students-in-undergraduate-mathematics">"82nd Putnam Competition Announces Top Students in Undergraduate Mathematics"</a>. <i>newsroom.maa.org</i>. Retrieved 2022-12-01.</cite>
</li>
<li><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b> <cite><a href="https://news.mit.edu/2020/mit-students-dominate-putnam-mathematical-competition-0303">"MIT students dominate annual Putnam Mathematical Competition"</a>. <i>MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology</i>. Retrieved 2022-12-01.</cite>
</li>
<li><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b> <cite>Fujimori, Jessica (3 May 2016). <a href="https://news.mit.edu/2016/students-first-putnam-mathematical-competition-0503">"At Putnam, students rise to the challenge"</a>. <i>news.mit.edu</i>. MIT News. Retrieved 18 April 2018.</cite>
</li>
<li><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b> <cite>Weisstein, Eric (17 April 2018). <a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/PutnamMathematicalCompetition.html">"Putnam Mathematical Competition"</a>. <i>mathworld.wolfram.com</i>. Wolfram Web Resources. Retrieved 18 April 2018.</cite>
</li>
<li><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b> <cite><a href="https://www.maa.org/sites/default/files/pdf/Putnam/Competition_Archive/List%20of%20Previous%20Putnam%20Winners.pdf">"List of Previous Putnam Winners"</a> (PDF). <i><a href="/wiki/Mathematical_Association_of_America">Mathematical Association of America</a></i>. Retrieved December 30, 2020.</cite>
</li>
<li><b><a href="#cite_ref-2019-winners_11-0">^</a></b> <cite><a href="https://www.maa.org/news/top-students-and-teams-announced-in-putnam-competition">"Top Students and Teams Announced in Putnam Competition"</a>. <i>www.maa.org</i>. <a href="/wiki/Mathematical_Association_of_America">Mathematical Association of America</a>.</cite>
</li>
</ol></div>
<h2>External links[<a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lowell_Putnam_Mathematical_Competition&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10">edit</a>]</h2>
<ul><li><a href="http://www.maa.org/awards/putnam.html">William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition results</a></li>
<li><a href="http://kskedlaya.org/putnam-archive/">William Lowell Putnam Competition problems, solutions, and results archive</a></li>
<li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080124125203/http://www.kalva.demon.co.uk/putnam.html">Archive of Problems 1938–2003</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.d.umn.edu/~jgallian/putnamfel/PF.html">Searchable data base for information about careers of Putnam Fellows</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.d.umn.edu/~jgallian/putnam16.pdf">A comprehensive history of the Putnam competition</a> An electronic update of Gallian's 2004 paper (PDF)</li></ul>
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 * (Top)
 * 1 Competition layout
 + 1.1 Awards
 * 2 Winners
 + 2.1 Top-scoring teams
 + 2.2 Teams ranked by historical performance
 + 2.3 Putnam Fellows
 + 2.4 Elizabeth Lowell Putnam Award winners
 * 3 See also
 * 4 References
 * 5 External links
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 William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition

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 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

 The William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition, often abbreviated to Putnam Competition, is an annual mathematics competition for undergraduate college students enrolled at institutions of higher learning in the United States and Canada (regardless of the students' nationalities). It awards a scholarship and cash prizes ranging from $250 to $2,500 for the top students and $5,000 to $25,000 for the top schools, plus one of the top five individual scorers (designated as Putnam Fellows) is awarded a scholarship of up to $12,000 plus tuition at Harvard University (Putnam Fellow Prize Fellowship),[1] the top 100 individual scorers have their names mentioned in the American Mathematical Monthly (alphabetically ordered within rank), and the names and addresses of the top 500 contestants are mailed to all participating institutions. It is widely considered to be the most prestigious university-level mathematics competition in the world, and its difficulty is such that the median score is often zero (out of 120) despite being attempted by students specializing in mathematics.[2][3]

 The competition was founded in 1927 by Elizabeth Lowell Putnam in memory of her husband William Lowell Putnam, who was an advocate of intercollegiate intellectual competition. The competition has been offered annually since 1938 and is administered by the Mathematical Association of America.[4]

 Competition layout [ edit ]

 The Putnam competition takes place on the first Saturday in December, and consists of two three-hour sittings separated by a lunch break. The competition is supervised by faculty members at the participating schools. Each one consists of twelve challenging problems. The problems cover a range of advanced material in undergraduate mathematics, including concepts from group theory, set theory, graph theory, lattice theory, and number theory. [5]

 Each of the twelve questions is worth 10 points, and the most frequent scores above zero are 10 points for a complete solution, 9 points for a nearly complete solution, and 1 point for the beginnings of a solution. In earlier years, the twelve questions were worth one point each, with no partial credit given. The competition is considered to be very difficult: it is typically attempted by students specializing in mathematics, but the median score is usually zero or one point out of 120 possible, and there have been only five perfect scores as of 2021.[6][7] In 2003, of the 3,615 students competing, 1,024 (28%) scored 10 or more points, and 42 points was sufficient to make the top percentile.

 At a participating college, any student who wishes to take part in the competition may (limited by the number of spots a school receives); but until 2019 the school's official team consisted of three individuals whom it designated in advance. Until 2019, a team's score was the sum of the ranks of its three team members, with the lowest cumulative rank winning. It was entirely possible, even commonplace at some institutions, for the eventual results to show that the "wrong" team was picked—i.e. that some students not on the official team outscored an official team member. For example, in 2010, MIT had two of the top five scorers in the competition and seven of the top 24, while Caltech had just one student in the top five and only four in the top 24; yet Caltech took first place among teams while MIT took second.[8] In 2019 the rules of the competition changed, with a school's team consisting of its top three scorers, and team ranks determined by comparing the sums of the scores of the team members. [5]

 Awards [ edit ]

 The top five teams win $25,000, $20,000, $15,000, $10,000, and $5,000, in that order, with team members receiving $1,000, $800, $600, $400, and $200, respectively.

 The top five individual scorers are named Putnam Fellows and awarded $2,500. The school with the first-place team receives an award of $25,000. Each first-place team member, as well as the winner of the Elizabeth Lowell Putnam Prize, receives $1,000. Sixth through 15th place individuals receive $1,000 and the next ten receive $250. The names of the top 100 students are published in the American Mathematical Monthly, and competition results are published in early April of the year following the competition.[9]

 Many Putnam Fellows have gone on to become distinguished researchers in mathematics and other fields, including three Fields Medalists—John Milnor (also an Abel Prize laureate), David Mumford, and Daniel Quillen—and two Nobel laureates in physics—Richard Feynman and Kenneth Wilson.

 Winners [ edit ]

 Top-scoring teams [ edit ]

 Year First Second Third Fourth Fifth 
 1938 Toronto UC Berkeley Columbia 
 1939 Brooklyn College MIT Mississippi Woman's 
 1940 Toronto Yale Columbia 
 1941 Brooklyn College UPenn MIT 
 1942 Toronto Yale MIT City College of NY 
 1946 Toronto MIT Brooklyn College Carnegie Tech 
 1947 Harvard Yale Columbia UPenn 
 1948 Brooklyn College Toronto Harvard City College of NY and McGill
 1949 Harvard Toronto Carnegie Tech City College of NY 
 1950 Caltech Harvard NYU Toronto 
 1951 Cornell Harvard Cooper Union City College of NY 
 1952 Queen's Brooklyn Polytech Harvard MIT 
 1953 Harvard City College of NY Cornell UC Berkeley 
 1954 Cornell Harvard MIT Toronto 
 1955 Harvard Toronto Yale Kenyon 
 1956 Harvard Columbia Queen's MIT 
 1957 Harvard Columbia Cornell Caltech 
 1958 (Spring) Brooklyn Polytech Harvard Toronto Manitoba 
 1958 (Fall) Harvard Toronto Caltech Cornell 
 1959 Brooklyn Polytech Caltech Toronto Harvard Case Tech 
 1960 UC Berkeley Harvard MIT Michigan State Cornell 
 1961 Michigan State MIT Caltech Harvard Dartmouth 
 1962 Caltech Dartmouth Harvard Queen's UCLA 
 1963 Michigan State Brooklyn College UPenn Caltech MIT 
 1964 Caltech MIT Harvard Case Tech UC Berkeley 
 1965 Harvard MIT Toronto Princeton Caltech 
 1966 Harvard MIT Chicago Michigan Princeton 
 1967 Michigan State Caltech Harvard MIT Michigan 
 1968 MIT Waterloo UCLA Michigan State Kansas 
 1969 MIT Rice Chicago Harvard Yale 
 1970 Chicago MIT Toronto Illinois Tech Caltech 
 1971 Caltech Chicago Harvard UC Davis MIT 
 1972 Caltech Oberlin Harvard Swarthmore MIT 
 1973 Caltech British Columbia Chicago Harvard Princeton 
 1974 Waterloo Chicago Caltech MIT British Columbia 
 1975 Caltech Chicago MIT Princeton Harvard 
 1976 Caltech Washington U in StL Princeton Case Western Reserve and MIT 
 1977 Washington U in StL UC Davis Caltech Princeton MIT 
 1978 Case Western Reserve Washington U in StL Waterloo Harvard Caltech 
 1979 MIT Caltech Princeton Stanford Waterloo 
 1980 Washington U in StL Harvard Maryland Chicago UC Berkeley 
 1981 Washington U in StL Princeton Harvard Stanford Maryland 
 1982 Harvard Waterloo Caltech Yale Princeton 
 1983 Caltech Washington U in StL Waterloo Princeton Chicago 
 1984 UC Davis and Washington U in StL Harvard Princeton Yale 
 1985 Harvard Princeton UC Berkeley Rice Waterloo 
 1986 Harvard Washington U in StL UC Berkeley Yale MIT 
 1987 Harvard Princeton Carnegie Mellon UC Berkeley MIT 
 1988 Harvard Princeton Rice Waterloo Caltech 
 1989 Harvard Princeton Waterloo Yale Rice 
 1990 Harvard Duke Waterloo Yale Washington U in StL
 1991 Harvard Waterloo Harvey Mudd Stanford Yale 
 1992 Harvard Toronto Waterloo Princeton Cornell 
 1993 Duke Harvard Miami University MIT Michigan 
 1994 Harvard Cornell MIT Princeton Waterloo 
 1995 Harvard Cornell MIT Toronto Princeton 
 1996 Duke Princeton Harvard Washington U in StL Caltech 
 1997 Harvard Duke Princeton MIT Washington U in StL
 1998 Harvard MIT Princeton Caltech Waterloo 
 1999 Waterloo Harvard Duke Michigan Chicago 
 2000 Duke MIT Harvard Caltech Toronto 
 2001 Harvard MIT Duke UC Berkeley Stanford 
 2002 Harvard Princeton Duke UC Berkeley Stanford 
 2003 MIT Harvard Duke Caltech Harvey Mudd 
 2004 MIT Princeton Duke Waterloo Caltech 
 2005 Harvard Princeton Duke MIT Waterloo 
 2006 Princeton Harvard MIT Toronto Chicago 
 2007 Harvard Princeton MIT Stanford Duke 
 2008 Harvard Princeton MIT Stanford Caltech 
 2009 MIT Harvard Caltech Stanford Princeton 
 2010 Caltech MIT Harvard UC Berkeley Waterloo 
 2011 Harvard Carnegie Mellon Caltech Stanford MIT 
 2012 Harvard MIT UCLA Stony Brook Carnegie Mellon 
 2013 MIT Carnegie Mellon Stanford Harvard Caltech 
 2014 MIT Harvard RPI Waterloo Carnegie Mellon 
 2015 MIT Carnegie Mellon Princeton Stanford Harvard 
 2016 Carnegie Mellon Princeton Harvard MIT Stanford 
 2017 MIT Harvard Princeton Toronto UCLA 
 2018 Harvard MIT UCLA Columbia Stanford 
 2019 MIT Harvard Stanford UCLA Waterloo 
 2021 MIT Princeton Harvard Stanford UCLA 
 

 Teams ranked by historical performance [ edit ]

 Below is a table of teams by the number of appearances in the top five and number of titles.

 The following table lists Teams finishing in Top Five (as of 2021 competition):

 Top Five Team (s)  
 66 Harvard  
 51 MIT  
 33 Caltech  
 32 Princeton  
 20 Waterloo  
 19 Toronto  
 15 Stanford  
 12 Duke  
 11 Chicago, Washington University in St. Louis, Yale 
 10 UC Berkeley, Cornell  
 9 Carnegie Mellon (including former Carnegie Tech) 
 7 UCLA  
 6 Columbia  
 5 Brooklyn College, City College of New York, Michigan State 
 4 Case Western Reserve (including former Case Tech), Michigan, Rice 
 3 Brooklyn Polytech, UC Davis, Queen's, Penn 
 2 British Columbia, Dartmouth, Harvey Mudd, Maryland 
 1 Cooper Union, Illinois Tech, Kansas, Kenyon, Manitoba, McGill, Miami University, RPI 
 NYU, Oberlin, Stony Brook, Swarthmore, William Carey (under former name of Mississippi Woman's)
 

 For a recent analysis, the following table lists teams that finished in the top five since 2000 (as of 2021 competition):

 Top Five Team (s) 
 20 Harvard, MIT 
 12 Stanford 
 11 Princeton 
 8 Caltech 
 7 Duke 
 6 Carnegie Mellon 
 5 UCLA, Waterloo 
 3 UC Berkeley, Toronto 
 1 Chicago, Harvey Mudd, Stony Brook, RPI, Columbia
 

 The following table lists Teams with First place finishes (as of 2021 competition):

 First Place Team (s)  
 30 Harvard  
 11 MIT  
 10 Caltech  
 4 Toronto, Washington University in St. Louis 
 3 Brooklyn College, Duke, Michigan State 
 2 Brooklyn Polytech, Cornell, Waterloo 
 1 UC Berkeley, UC Davis, Carnegie Mellon, Case Western Reserve, Chicago, Princeton, Queen's
 

 Putnam Fellows [ edit ]

 Since the first competition, the top five (or six, in case of a tie) scorers in the competition have been named Putnam Fellows. Within the top five, Putnam Fellows are not ranked. Students are not allowed to participate in the Putnam Competition more than four times. For example, if a high school senior chooses to officially participate, he/she effectively chooses to forfeit one of his/her years of eligibility in college (see Gabriel Carroll). This makes it even more of a remarkable feat to become a Putnam Fellow four times. In the history of the Competition, only eight students have been Putnam Fellows four times, with twenty-three others winning the award three times. The following table lists these students:

 Name School Years
 Don Coppersmith MIT 1968 1969 1970 1971
 Arthur Rubin Purdue, Caltech 1970 1971 1972 1973
 Bjorn M. Poonen Harvard 1985 1986 1987 1988
 Ravi D. Vakil Toronto 1988 1989 1990 1991
 Gabriel D. Carroll UC Berkeley, Harvard 2000 2001 2002 2003
 Reid W. Barton MIT 2001 2002 2003 2004
 Daniel Kane MIT 2003 2004 2005 2006
 Brian R. Lawrence Caltech 2007 2008 2010 2011
 Edward L. Kaplan Carnegie Tech 1939 1940 1941 
 Andrew M. Gleason Yale 1940 1941 1942 
 Donald J. Newman City College of NY 1948 1949 1950 
 James B. Herreshoff IV UC Berkeley 1951 1952 1953 
 Samuel Jacob Klein City College of NY 1953 1959 1960 
 Randall L. Dougherty UC Berkeley 1978 1979 1980 
 Eric D. Carlson Michigan State 1980 1982 1983 
 David W. Ash Waterloo 1981 1982 1983 
 Noam D. Elkies Columbia 1982 1983 1984 
 David J. Grabiner Princeton 1986 1987 1988 
 David J. Moews Harvard 1986 1987 1988 
 J. P. Grossman Toronto 1993 1994 1995 
 Kiran S. Kedlaya Harvard 1993 1994 1995 
 Lenhard L. Ng Harvard 1993 1994 1995 
 Ciprian Manolescu Harvard 1997 1998 2000 
 Aaron C. Pixton Princeton 2004 2005 2007 
 Yufei Zhao MIT 2006 2008 2009 
 Arnav Tripathy Harvard 2007 2008 2009 
 Seok Hyeong Lee Stanford 2008 2010 2011 
 Evan M. O'Dorney UC Berkeley, Harvard 2011 2012 2013 
 Zipei Nie MIT 2012 2013 2014 
 David H. Yang MIT 2013 2014 2015 
 Yunkun Zhou MIT 2015 2016 2017 
 Shengtong Zhang MIT 2018 2019 2021
 

 The following table lists all Putnam fellows from 1938 to present, with the years they placed in the top five.[10] Ioana Dumitriu was the first woman to become a Putnam Fellow, in 1996.

 Name (School) Year (s) 
 George W. Mackey (Rice) 1938 
 Irving Kaplansky (Toronto) 1938 
 Michael J. Norris (College of St. Thomas) 1938 
 Robert W. Gibson (Fort Hays Kansas State) 1938 
 Bernard Sherman (Brooklyn College) 1938, 1939 
 Abraham Hillman (Brooklyn College) 1939 
 Richard P. Feynman (MIT) 1939 
 William Nierenberg (City College of NY) 1939 
 Edward L. Kaplan (Carnegie Tech) 1939, 1940, 1941 
 John Cotton Maynard (Toronto) 1940 
 Robert Maughan Snow (George Washington) 1940 
 W. J. R. Crosby (Toronto) 1940 
 Andrew M. Gleason (Yale) 1940, 1941, 1942 
 Paul C. Rosenbloom (UPenn) 1941 
 Richard F. Arens (UCLA) 1941 
 Samuel I. Askovitz (UPenn) 1941 
 Harold Victor Lyons (Toronto) 1942 
 Harvey Cohn (City College of NY) 1942 
 Melvin A. Preston (Toronto) 1942 
 Warren S. Loud (MIT) 1942 
 Donald A. Fraser (Toronto) 1946 
 Eugenio Calabi (MIT) 1946 
 Felix Browder (MIT) 1946 
 J. Arthur Greenwood (Harvard) 1946 
 Maxwell A. Rosenlicht (Columbia) 1946, 1947 
 Clarence Wilson Hewlett, Jr. (Harvard) 1947 
 William Turanski (UPenn) 1947 
 Eoin L. Whitney (Alberta) 1947, 1948 
 W. Forrest Stinespring (Harvard) 1947, 1949 
 George F. D. Duff (Toronto) 1948 
 Harry Gonshor (McGill) 1948 
 Leonard Geller (Brooklyn College) 1948 
 Robert L. Mills (Columbia) 1948 
 Donald J. Newman (City College of NY) 1948, 1949, 1950 
 Ariel Zemach (Harvard) 1949 
 David L. Yarmush (Harvard) 1949 
 John W. Milnor (Princeton) 1949, 1950 
 John P. Mayberry (Toronto) 1950 
 Richard J. Semple (Toronto) 1950 
 Z. Alexander Melzak (British Columbia) 1950 
 Arthur P. Dempster (Toronto) 1951 
 Harold Widom (City College of NY) 1951 
 Herbert C. Kranzer (NYU) 1951 
 Peter John Redmond (Cooper Union) 1951 
 James B. Herreshoff IV (UC Berkeley) 1951, 1952, 1953 
 Eugene R. Rodemich (Washington U in StL) 1952 
 Gerhard Rayna (Harvard) 1952 
 Richard G. Swan (Princeton) 1952 
 Walter Lewis Baily, Jr. (MIT) 1952 
 Marshall L. Freimer (Harvard) 1953 
 Norman Bauman (Harvard) 1953 
 Tai Tsun Wu (Minnesota) 1953 
 Samuel Jacob Klein (City College of NY) 1953, 1959, 1960 
 Benjamin Muckenhoupt (Harvard) 1954 
 James Daniel Bjorken (MIT) 1954 
 Leonard Evens (Cornell) 1954 
 William P. Hanf (UC Berkeley) 1954 
 Kenneth G. Wilson (Harvard) 1954, 1956 
 Howard C. Rumsey, Jr. (Caltech) 1955 
 Jack Towber (Brooklyn College) 1955 
 David B. Mumford (Harvard) 1955, 1956 
 Trevor Barker (Kenyon) 1955, 1956 
 Everett C. Dade (Harvard) 1955, 1957 
 Richard Michael Friedberg (Harvard) 1956 
 David M. Bloom (Columbia) 1956, 1957 
 J. Ian Richards (Minnesota) 1957 
 Richard T. Bumby (MIT) 1957 
 Rohit J. Parikh (Harvard) 1957 
 David R. Brillinger (Toronto) Spring 1958 
 Donald J. C. Bures (Queen's) Spring 1958 
 Lawrence A. Shepp (Brooklyn Polytech) Spring 1958 
 Richard M. Dudley (Harvard) Spring 1958 
 Joseph Lipman (Toronto) Spring 1958, Fall 1958
 Alan Gaisford Waterman (San Diego State) Fall 1958 
 John Rex Forrester Hewett (Toronto) Fall 1958 
 Robert C. Hartshorne (Harvard) Fall 1958 
 Alfred W. Hales (Caltech) Fall 1958, 1959 
 Daniel G. Quillen (Harvard) 1959 
 Donald Passman (Brooklyn Polytech) 1959 
 Donald S. Gorman (Harvard) 1959 
 Martin Isaacs (Brooklyn Polytech) 1959 
 Stephen L. Adler (Harvard) 1959 
 Stephen Lichtenbaum (Harvard) 1959 
 Jon H. Folkman (UC Berkeley) 1960 
 Louis Jaeckel (UCLA) 1960 
 Melvin Hochster (Harvard) 1960 
 William R. Emerson (Caltech) 1960 
 Barry Wolk (Manitoba) 1961 
 Elwyn R. Berlekamp (MIT) 1961 
 Edward Anton Bender (Caltech) 1961, 1962 
 John Hathaway Lindsey (Caltech) 1961, 1962 
 William C. Waterhouse (Harvard) 1961, 1962 
 John William Wood (Harvard) 1962 
 Robert S. Strichartz (Dartmouth) 1962 
 Joel H. Spencer (MIT) 1963 
 Lawrence A. Zalcman (Dartmouth) 1963 
 Lawrence J. Corwin (Harvard) 1963 
 Robert E. Greene (Michigan State) 1963 
 Stephen E. Crick, Jr. (Michigan State) 1963 
 Barry B. MacKichan (Harvard) 1964 
 Fred William Roush (UNC Chapel Hill) 1964 
 Roger E. Howe (Harvard) 1964 
 Rufus (Robert) Bowen (UC Berkeley) 1964, 1965 
 Vern Sheridan Poythress (Caltech) 1964 
 Andreas R. Blass (Detroit) 1965 
 Barry Simon (Harvard) 1965 
 Daniel Fendel (Harvard) 1965 
 Lon M. Rosen (Toronto) 1965 
 Marshall W. Buck (Harvard) 1966 
 Robert E. Maas (Santa Clara) 1966 
 Robert S. Winternitz (MIT) 1966 
 Theodore C. Chang (MIT) 1966 
 Richard C. Schroeppel (MIT) 1966, 1967 
 David R. Haynor (Harvard) 1967 
 Dennis A. Hejhal (Chicago) 1967 
 Don B. Zagier (MIT) 1967 
 Peter L. Montgomery (UC Berkeley) 1967 
 Dean G. Huffman (Yale) 1968 
 Gerald S. Gras (MIT) 1968 
 Neal Koblitz (Harvard) 1968 
 Gerald A. Edgar (UC Santa Barbara) 1968, 1969 
 Don Coppersmith (MIT) 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971
 Alan R. Beale (Rice) 1969 
 Steven K. Winkler (MIT) 1969, 1970 
 Robert A. Oliver (Chicago) 1969, 1970 
 Jeffrey Lagarias (MIT) 1970 
 Jockum Aniansson (Yale) 1970 
 Arthur Rubin (Purdue, Caltech) 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973
 Dale Peterson (Yale) 1971 
 David Shucker (Swarthmore) 1971 
 Robert Israel (Chicago) 1971 
 Michael Yoder (Caltech) 1971, 1972 
 Arthur Rothstein (Reed) 1972 
 David Vogan (Chicago) 1972 
 Dean Hickerson (UC Davis) 1972 
 Ira Gessel (Harvard) 1972 
 Angelos J. Tsirimokos (Princeton) 1973 
 Matthew L. Ginsberg (Wesleyan) 1973 
 Peter G. De Buda (Toronto) 1973 
 David J. Anick (MIT) 1973, 1975 
 Grant M. Roberts (Waterloo) 1974 
 James B. Saxe (Union) 1974 
 Karl C. Rubin (Princeton) 1974 
 Philip N. Strenski (Armstrong State) 1974 
 Thomas G. Goodwillie (Harvard) 1974, 1975 
 Ernest S. Davis (MIT) 1975 
 Franklin T. Adams (Chicago) 1975 
 Christopher L. Henley (Caltech) 1975, 1976 
 David J. Wright (Cornell) 1976 
 Nathaniel S. Kuhn (Harvard) 1976 
 Paul M. Herdig (Case Western Reserve) 1976 
 Philip I. Harrington (Washington U in StL) 1976 
 Steven T. Tschantz (UC Berkeley) 1976, 1978 
 Adam L. Stephanides (Chicago) 1977, 1981 
 Michael Roberts (MIT) 1977 
 Paul A. Vojta (Minnesota) 1977 
 Stephen W. Modzelewski (Harvard) 1977 
 Russell D. Lyons (Case Western Reserve) 1977, 1978 
 Mark R. Kleiman (Princeton) 1978 
 Peter W. Shor (Caltech) 1978 
 Randall L. Dougherty (UC Berkeley) 1978, 1979, 1980 
 Charles H. Walter (Princeton) 1979 
 Mark G. Pleszkoch (Virginia) 1979 
 Miller Puckette (MIT) 1979 
 Richard Mifflin (Rice) 1979 
 Daniel J. Goldstein (Chicago) 1980 
 Laurence E. Penn (Harvard) 1980 
 Michael Raship (Harvard) 1980 
 Eric D. Carlson (Michigan State) 1980, 1982, 1983 
 Robin A. Pemantle (UC Berkeley) 1981 
 Scott R. Fluhrer (Case Western Reserve) 1981 
 David W. Ash (Waterloo) 1981, 1982, 1983 
 Michael J. Larsen (Harvard) 1981, 1983 
 Brian R. Hunt (Maryland) 1982 
 Edward A. Shpiz (Washington U in StL) 1982 
 Noam D. Elkies (Columbia) 1982, 1983, 1984 
 Gregg N. Patruno (Princeton) 1983 
 Benji N. Fisher (Harvard) 1984 
 Daniel W. Johnson (Rose-Hulman Tech) 1984 
 Richard A. Stong (Washington U in StL) 1984 
 Michael Reid (Harvard) 1984, 1987 
 Everett W. Howe (Caltech) 1985 
 Keith A. Ramsay (Chicago) 1985 
 Martin V. Hildebrand (Williams) 1985 
 Douglas S. Jungreis (Harvard) 1985, 1986 
 Bjorn M. Poonen (Harvard) 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988
 David I. Zuckerman (Harvard) 1986 
 Waldemar P. Horwat (MIT) 1986 
 David J. Grabiner (Princeton) 1986, 1987, 1988 
 David J. Moews (Harvard) 1986, 1987, 1988 
 Constantin S. Teleman (Harvard) 1987 
 John S. Tillinghast (UC Davis) 1987 
 Jeremy A. Kahn (Harvard) 1988 
 Ravi D. Vakil (Toronto) 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991
 Andrew H. Kresch (Yale) 1989 
 Christos A. Athanasiadis (MIT) 1989 
 Colin M. Springer (Waterloo) 1989 
 Sihao Wu (Yale) 1989 
 William P. Cross (Caltech) 1989 
 Jordan Lampe (UC Berkeley) 1990 
 Raymond M. Sidney (Harvard) 1990 
 Eric K. Wepsic (Harvard) 1990, 1991 
 Jordan S. Ellenberg (Harvard) 1990, 1992 
 Joshua B. Fischman (Princeton) 1991 
 Xi Chen (Missouri–Rolla) 1991 
 Samuel A. Kutin (Harvard) 1991, 1992 
 Jeffrey M. Vanderkam (Duke) 1992 
 Serban M. Nacu (Harvard) 1992 
 Adam M. Logan (Princeton) 1992, 1993 
 Craig B. Gentry (Duke) 1993 
 Wei-Hwa Huang (Caltech) 1993 
 J. P. Grossman (Toronto) 1993, 1994, 1995 
 Kiran S. Kedlaya (Harvard) 1993, 1994, 1995 
 Lenhard L. Ng (Harvard) 1993, 1994, 1995 
 William R. Mann (Princeton) 1994 
 Jeremy L. Bem (Cornell) 1994, 1996 
 Sergey V. Levin (Harvard) 1995 
 Yevgeniy Dodis (NYU) 1995 
 Dragos N. Oprea (Harvard) 1996 
 Ioana Dumitriu (NYU) 1996 
 Robert D. Kleinberg (Cornell) 1996 
 Stephen S. Wang (Harvard) 1996 
 Daniel K. Schepler (Washington U in StL) 1996, 1997 
 Ovidiu Savin (Pittsburgh) 1997 
 Patrick K. Corn (Harvard) 1997 
 Samuel Grushevsky (Harvard) 1997 
 Mike L. Develin (Harvard) 1997, 1998 
 Ciprian Manolescu (Harvard) 1997, 1998, 2000 
 Ari M. Turner (Princeton) 1998 
 Nathan G. Curtis (Duke) 1998 
 Kevin D. Lacker (Duke) 1998, 2001 
 Christopher C. Mihelich (Harvard) 1999 
 Colin A. Percival (Simon Fraser) 1999 
 Davesh Maulik (Harvard) 1999 
 Derek I.E. Kisman (Waterloo) 1999 
 Sabin Cautis (Waterloo) 1999 
 Abhinav Kumar (MIT) 1999, 2000 
 Pavlo Pylyavskyy (MIT) 2000 
 Alexander B. Schwartz (Harvard) 2000, 2002 
 Gabriel D. Carroll (UC Berkeley, Harvard) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003
 George Lee, Jr. (Harvard) 2001 
 Jan K. Siwanowicz (City College of NY) 2001 
 Reid W. Barton (MIT) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004
 Deniss Cebikins (MIT) 2002 
 Melanie E. Wood (Duke) 2002 
 Ralph C. Furmaniak (Waterloo) 2003 
 Ana Caraiani (Princeton) 2003, 2004 
 Daniel M. Kane (MIT) 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006
 Vladimir V. Barzov (MIT) 2004 
 Aaron Pixton (Princeton) 2004, 2005, 2007 
 Oleg I. Golberg (MIT) 2005 
 Matthew M. Ince (MIT) 2005 
 Ricky I. Liu (Harvard) 2005 
 Tiankai Liu (Harvard) 2005, 2006 
 Hansheng Diao (MIT) 2006 
 Po-Ru Loh (Caltech) 2006 
 Yufei Zhao (MIT) 2006, 2008, 2009 
 Jason C. Bland (Caltech) 2007 
 Brian R. Lawrence (Caltech) 2007, 2008, 2010, 2011
 Qingchun Ren (MIT) 2007, 2009 
 Xuancheng Shao (MIT) 2007 
 Arnav Tripathy (Harvard) 2007, 2008, 2009 
 Seok Hyeong Lee (Stanford) 2008, 2010, 2011 
 Bohua Zhan (MIT) 2008 
 William A. Johnson (U of Washington) 2009 
 Xiaosheng Mu (Yale) 2009, 2011 
 Yu Deng (MIT) 2010 
 Colin P. Sandon (MIT) 2010 
 Alex (Lin) Zhai (Harvard) 2010 
 Samuel S. Elder (Caltech) 2011 
 Evan M. O'Dorney (Harvard) 2011, 2012, 2013 
 Benjamin P. Gunby (MIT) 2012 
 Eric K. Larson (Harvard) 2012 
 Mitchell M. Lee (MIT) 2012, 2013 
 Zipei Nie (MIT) 2012, 2013, 2014 
 Bobby C. Shen (MIT) 2013, 2014 
 David H. Yang (MIT) 2013, 2014, 2015 
 Ravi Jagadeesan (Harvard) 2014 
 Mark A. Sellke (MIT) 2014 
 Lingfu Zhang (MIT) 2014 
 Pakawut Jiradilok (Harvard) 2015 
 Bumsoo Kim (Princeton) 2015 
 Gyujin Oh (Stanford) 2015 
 Daniel Spivak (Waterloo) 2015 
 Yunkun Zhou (MIT) 2015, 2016, 2017 
 Joshua D. Brakensiek (Carnegie Mellon) 2016 
 Dong Ryul Kim (Harvard) 2016, 2018 
 Thomas E. Swayze (Carnegie Mellon) 2016 
 Samuel Zbarsky (Carnegie Mellon) 2016 
 David Stoner (Harvard) 2017, 2018 
 Ömer Cerrahoğlu (MIT) 2017 
 Jiyang Gao (MIT) 2017 
 Junyao Peng (MIT) 2017 
 Ashwin Sah (MIT) 2017, 2019 
 Yuan Yao (MIT) 2018, 2019 
 Shengtong Zhang (MIT) 2018, 2019, 2021 
 Shyam Narayanan (Harvard) 2018 
 Kevin Sun (MIT) 2019 
 Daniel Zhu (MIT) 2019, 2021 
 Andrew Gu (MIT) 2021 
 Michael Ren (MIT) 2021 
 Edward Wan (MIT) 2021 
 

 Elizabeth Lowell Putnam Award winners [ edit ]

 Since 1992, the Elizabeth Lowell Putnam Award has been available to be awarded to a female participant with a high score, with three awards being made for the first time in 2019.[11] The year(s) in which they were Fellows are in bold. Ioana Dumitriu was the first woman to become a Putnam Fellow, in 1996.

 Name School Year (s) 
 Dana Pascovici Dartmouth 1992 
 Ruth A. Britto-Pacumio MIT 1994 
 Ioana Dumitriu NYU 1995, 1996, 1997
 Wai Ling Yee Waterloo 1999 
 Melanie E. Wood Duke 2001, 2002 
 Ana Caraiani Princeton 2003, 2004 
 Alison B. Miller Harvard 2005, 2006, 2007
 Viktoriya Krakovna Toronto 2008 
 Yinghui Wang MIT 2010 
 Fei Song Virginia 2011 
 Xiao Wu Yale 2013 
 Simona Diaconu Princeton 2016 
 Ni Yan UCLA 2017 
 Danielle Wang MIT 2015, 2018 
 Laura Pierson Harvard 2019 
 Qi Qi MIT 2019 
 Hanzhi Zheng Stanford 2019 
 Dain Kim MIT 2021 
 

 See also [ edit ]

 * List of mathematics awards

 References [ edit ]

 1. ^ "William Lowell Putnam Competition Prizes". math.scu.edu. Santa Clara University.
 2. ^ "Putnam Competition | Mathematical Association of America". www.maa.org . Retrieved 18 April 2018 .
 3. ^ David Arney; George Rosenstein. "The Harvard-United States Military Academy Mathematics Competition of 1933: Genesis of the William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition". www.westpoint.edu . Retrieved 18 April 2018 .
 4. ^ "History of the Putnam Prize". Santa Clara University – Mathematics & Computer Science . Retrieved 7 November 2021 .
 5. ^ a b "Putnam Competition | Mathematical Association of America". www.maa.org . Retrieved Mar 27, 2020 .
 6. ^ "82nd Putnam Competition Announces Top Students in Undergraduate Mathematics". newsroom.maa.org . Retrieved 2022-12-01 .
 7. ^ "MIT students dominate annual Putnam Mathematical Competition". MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology . Retrieved 2022-12-01 .
 8. ^ Fujimori, Jessica (3 May 2016). "At Putnam, students rise to the challenge". news.mit.edu. MIT News . Retrieved 18 April 2018 .
 9. ^ Weisstein, Eric (17 April 2018). "Putnam Mathematical Competition". mathworld.wolfram.com. Wolfram Web Resources . Retrieved 18 April 2018 .
 10. ^ "List of Previous Putnam Winners" (PDF) . Mathematical Association of America . Retrieved December 30, 2020 .
 11. ^ "Top Students and Teams Announced in Putnam Competition". www.maa.org. Mathematical Association of America.

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
	 
The William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition, often abbreviated to Putnam Competition, is an annual mathematics competition for undergraduate college students enrolled at institutions of higher learning in the United States and Canada (regardless of the students' nationalities). It awards a scholarship and cash prizes ranging from $250 to $2,500 for the top students and $5,000 to $25,000 for the top schools, plus one of the top five individual scorers (designated as  Putnam Fellows ) is awarded a scholarship of up to $12,000 plus tuition at Harvard University (Putnam Fellow Prize Fellowship), [1]  the top 100 individual scorers have their names mentioned in the American Mathematical Monthly (alphabetically ordered within rank), and the names and addresses of the top 500 contestants are mailed to all participating institutions. It is widely considered to be the most prestigious university-level mathematics competition in the world, and its difficulty is such that the median score is often zero (out of 120) despite being attempted by students specializing in mathematics. [2]   [3] 
 The competition was founded in 1927 by Elizabeth Lowell Putnam in memory of her husband William Lowell Putnam, who was an advocate of intercollegiate intellectual competition. The competition has been offered annually since 1938 and is administered by the Mathematical Association of America. [4] 
Competition layout[edit]
The Putnam competition takes place on the first Saturday in December, and consists of two three-hour sittings separated by a lunch break. The competition is supervised by faculty members at the participating schools. Each one consists of twelve challenging problems. The problems cover a range of advanced material in undergraduate mathematics, including concepts from group theory, set theory, graph theory, lattice theory, and number theory.  [5] 
 Each of the twelve questions is worth 10 points, and the most frequent scores above zero are 10 points for a complete solution, 9 points for a nearly complete solution, and 1 point for the beginnings of a solution. In earlier years, the twelve questions were worth one point each, with no partial credit given. The competition is considered to be very difficult: it is typically attempted by students specializing in mathematics, but the median score is usually zero or one point out of 120 possible, and there have been only five perfect scores as of 2021. [6]   [7]  In 2003, of the 3,615 students competing, 1,024 (28%) scored 10 or more points, and 42 points was sufficient to make the top percentile.
 At a participating college, any student who wishes to take part in the competition may (limited by the number of spots a school receives); but until 2019 the school's official team consisted of three individuals whom it designated in advance. Until 2019, a team's score was the sum of the ranks of its three team members, with the lowest cumulative rank winning. It was entirely possible, even commonplace at some institutions, for the eventual results to show that the "wrong" team was picked—i.e. that some students not on the official team outscored an official team member. For example, in 2010, MIT had two of the top five scorers in the competition and seven of the top 24, while Caltech had just one student in the top five and only four in the top 24; yet Caltech took first place among teams while MIT took second. [8]  In 2019 the rules of the competition changed, with a school's team consisting of its top three scorers, and team ranks determined by comparing the sums of the scores of the team members.  [5] 
Awards[edit]
The top five teams win $25,000, $20,000, $15,000, $10,000, and $5,000, in that order, with team members receiving $1,000, $800, $600, $400, and $200, respectively.
 The top five individual scorers are named Putnam Fellows and awarded $2,500. The school with the first-place team receives an award of $25,000. Each first-place team member, as well as the winner of the Elizabeth Lowell Putnam Prize, receives $1,000. Sixth through 15th place individuals receive $1,000 and the next ten receive $250. The names of the top 100 students are published in the  American Mathematical Monthly , and competition results are published in early April of the year following the competition. [9] 
 Many Putnam Fellows have gone on to become distinguished researchers in mathematics and other fields, including three Fields Medalists—John Milnor (also an Abel Prize laureate), David Mumford, and Daniel Quillen—and two Nobel laureates in physics—Richard Feynman and Kenneth Wilson.
Winners[edit]
Top-scoring teams[edit]
 
Year
First
Second
Third
Fourth
Fifth
 
 1938
 Toronto
 UC Berkeley
 Columbia
 
 1939
 Brooklyn College
 MIT
 Mississippi Woman's
 
 1940
 Toronto
 Yale
 Columbia
 
 1941
 Brooklyn College
 UPenn
 MIT
 
 1942
 Toronto
 Yale
 MIT
 City College of NY
 
 1946
 Toronto
 MIT
 Brooklyn College
 Carnegie Tech
 
 1947
 Harvard
 Yale
 Columbia
 UPenn
 
 1948
 Brooklyn College
 Toronto
 Harvard
 City College of NY  and  McGill
 
 1949
 Harvard
 Toronto
 Carnegie Tech
 City College of NY
 
 1950
 Caltech
 Harvard
 NYU
 Toronto
 
 1951
 Cornell
 Harvard
 Cooper Union
 City College of NY
 
 1952
 Queen's
 Brooklyn Polytech
 Harvard
 MIT
 
 1953
 Harvard
 City College of NY
 Cornell
 UC Berkeley
 
 1954
 Cornell
 Harvard
 MIT
 Toronto
 
 1955
 Harvard
 Toronto
 Yale
 Kenyon
 
 1956
 Harvard
 Columbia
 Queen's
 MIT
 
 1957
 Harvard
 Columbia
 Cornell
 Caltech
 
 1958 (Spring)
 Brooklyn Polytech
 Harvard
 Toronto
 Manitoba
 
 1958 (Fall)
 Harvard
 Toronto
 Caltech
 Cornell
 
 1959
 Brooklyn Polytech
 Caltech
 Toronto
 Harvard
 Case Tech
 
 1960
 UC Berkeley
 Harvard
 MIT
 Michigan State
 Cornell
 
 1961
 Michigan State
 MIT
 Caltech
 Harvard
 Dartmouth
 
 1962
 Caltech
 Dartmouth
 Harvard
 Queen's
 UCLA
 
 1963
 Michigan State
 Brooklyn College
 UPenn
 Caltech
 MIT
 
 1964
 Caltech
 MIT
 Harvard
 Case Tech
 UC Berkeley
 
 1965
 Harvard
 MIT
 Toronto
 Princeton
 Caltech
 
 1966
 Harvard
 MIT
 Chicago
 Michigan
 Princeton
 
 1967
 Michigan State
 Caltech
 Harvard
 MIT
 Michigan
 
 1968
 MIT
 Waterloo
 UCLA
 Michigan State
 Kansas
 
 1969
 MIT
 Rice
 Chicago
 Harvard
 Yale
 
 1970
 Chicago
 MIT
 Toronto
 Illinois Tech
 Caltech
 
 1971
 Caltech
 Chicago
 Harvard
 UC Davis
 MIT
 
 1972
 Caltech
 Oberlin
 Harvard
 Swarthmore
 MIT
 
 1973
 Caltech
 British Columbia
 Chicago
 Harvard
 Princeton
 
 1974
 Waterloo
 Chicago
 Caltech
 MIT
 British Columbia
 
 1975
 Caltech
 Chicago
 MIT
 Princeton
 Harvard
 
 1976
 Caltech
 Washington U in StL
 Princeton
 Case Western Reserve  and  MIT
 
 1977
 Washington U in StL
 UC Davis
 Caltech
 Princeton
 MIT
 
 1978
 Case Western Reserve
 Washington U in StL
 Waterloo
 Harvard
 Caltech
 
 1979
 MIT
 Caltech
 Princeton
 Stanford
 Waterloo
 
 1980
 Washington U in StL
 Harvard
 Maryland
 Chicago
 UC Berkeley
 
 1981
 Washington U in StL
 Princeton
 Harvard
 Stanford
 Maryland
 
 1982
 Harvard
 Waterloo
 Caltech
 Yale
 Princeton
 
 1983
 Caltech
 Washington U in StL
 Waterloo
 Princeton
 Chicago
 
 1984
 UC Davis  and  Washington U in StL
 Harvard
 Princeton
 Yale
 
 1985
 Harvard
 Princeton
 UC Berkeley
 Rice
 Waterloo
 
 1986
 Harvard
 Washington U in StL
 UC Berkeley
 Yale
 MIT
 
 1987
 Harvard
 Princeton
 Carnegie Mellon
 UC Berkeley
 MIT
 
 1988
 Harvard
 Princeton
 Rice
 Waterloo
 Caltech
 
 1989
 Harvard
 Princeton
 Waterloo
 Yale
 Rice
 
 1990
 Harvard
 Duke
 Waterloo
 Yale
 Washington U in StL
 
 1991
 Harvard
 Waterloo
 Harvey Mudd
 Stanford
 Yale
 
 1992
 Harvard
 Toronto
 Waterloo
 Princeton
 Cornell
 
 1993
 Duke
 Harvard
 Miami University
 MIT
 Michigan
 
 1994
 Harvard
 Cornell
 MIT
 Princeton
 Waterloo
 
 1995
 Harvard
 Cornell
 MIT
 Toronto
 Princeton
 
 1996
 Duke
 Princeton
 Harvard
 Washington U in StL
 Caltech
 
 1997
 Harvard
 Duke
 Princeton
 MIT
 Washington U in StL
 
 1998
 Harvard
 MIT
 Princeton
 Caltech
 Waterloo
 
 1999
 Waterloo
 Harvard
 Duke
 Michigan
 Chicago
 
 2000
 Duke
 MIT
 Harvard
 Caltech
 Toronto
 
 2001
 Harvard
 MIT
 Duke
 UC Berkeley
 Stanford
 
 2002
 Harvard
 Princeton
 Duke
 UC Berkeley
 Stanford
 
 2003
 MIT
 Harvard
 Duke
 Caltech
 Harvey Mudd
 
 2004
 MIT
 Princeton
 Duke
 Waterloo
 Caltech
 
 2005
 Harvard
 Princeton
 Duke
 MIT
 Waterloo
 
 2006
 Princeton
 Harvard
 MIT
 Toronto
 Chicago
 
 2007
 Harvard
 Princeton
 MIT
 Stanford
 Duke
 
 2008
 Harvard
 Princeton
 MIT
 Stanford
 Caltech
 
 2009
 MIT
 Harvard
 Caltech
 Stanford
 Princeton
 
 2010
 Caltech
 MIT
 Harvard
 UC Berkeley
 Waterloo
 
 2011
 Harvard
 Carnegie Mellon
 Caltech
 Stanford
 MIT
 
 2012
 Harvard
 MIT
 UCLA
 Stony Brook
 Carnegie Mellon
 
 2013
 MIT
 Carnegie Mellon
 Stanford
 Harvard
 Caltech
 
 2014
 MIT
 Harvard
 RPI
 Waterloo
 Carnegie Mellon
 
 2015
 MIT
 Carnegie Mellon
 Princeton
 Stanford
 Harvard
 
 2016
 Carnegie Mellon
 Princeton
 Harvard
 MIT
 Stanford
 
 2017
 MIT
 Harvard
 Princeton
 Toronto
 UCLA
 
 2018
 Harvard
 MIT
 UCLA
 Columbia
 Stanford
 
 2019
 MIT
 Harvard
 Stanford
 UCLA
 Waterloo
 
 2021
 MIT
 Princeton
 Harvard
 Stanford
 UCLA
   
Teams ranked by historical performance[edit]
Below is a table of teams by the number of appearances in the top five and number of titles.
 The following table lists Teams finishing in Top Five (as of 2021 competition):
 
Top Five
Team (s)
 
 66
 Harvard
 
 51
 MIT
 
 33
 Caltech
 
 32
 Princeton
 
 20
 Waterloo
 
 19
 Toronto
 
 15
 Stanford
 
 12
 Duke
 
 11
 Chicago, Washington University in St. Louis, Yale
 
 10
 UC Berkeley, Cornell
 
 9
 Carnegie Mellon (including former Carnegie Tech)
 
 7
 UCLA
 
 6
 Columbia
 
 5
 Brooklyn College, City College of New York, Michigan State
 
 4
 Case Western Reserve (including former Case Tech), Michigan, Rice
 
 3
 Brooklyn Polytech, UC Davis, Queen's, Penn
 
 2
 British Columbia, Dartmouth, Harvey Mudd, Maryland
 
 1
 Cooper Union, Illinois Tech, Kansas, Kenyon, Manitoba, McGill, Miami University, RPI  NYU, Oberlin, Stony Brook, Swarthmore, William Carey (under former name of Mississippi Woman's)
   
For a recent analysis, the following table lists teams that finished in the top five since 2000 (as of 2021 competition):
 
Top Five
Team (s)
 
 20
 Harvard, MIT
 
 12
 Stanford
 
 11
 Princeton
 
 8
 Caltech
 
 7
 Duke
 
 6
 Carnegie Mellon
 
 5
 UCLA, Waterloo
 
 3
 UC Berkeley, Toronto
 
 1
 Chicago, Harvey Mudd, Stony Brook, RPI, Columbia
   
The following table lists Teams with First place finishes (as of 2021 competition):
 
First Place
Team (s)
 
 30
 Harvard
 
 11
 MIT
 
 10
 Caltech
 
 4
 Toronto, Washington University in St. Louis
 
 3
 Brooklyn College, Duke, Michigan State
 
 2
 Brooklyn Polytech, Cornell, Waterloo
 
 1
 UC Berkeley, UC Davis, Carnegie Mellon, Case Western Reserve, Chicago, Princeton, Queen's
   
Putnam Fellows[edit]
Since the first competition, the top five (or six, in case of a tie) scorers in the competition have been named Putnam Fellows. Within the top five, Putnam Fellows are not ranked. Students are not allowed to participate in the Putnam Competition more than four times. For example, if a high school senior chooses to officially participate, he/she effectively chooses to forfeit one of his/her years of eligibility in college (see Gabriel Carroll). This makes it even more of a remarkable feat to become a Putnam Fellow four times. In the history of the Competition, only eight students have been Putnam Fellows four times, with twenty-three others winning the award three times. The following table lists these students:
 
Name
School
 Years
 
 Don Coppersmith
 MIT
1968
1969
1970
1971
 
 Arthur Rubin
 Purdue, Caltech
1970
1971
1972
1973
 
 Bjorn M. Poonen
 Harvard
1985
1986
1987
1988
 
 Ravi D. Vakil
Toronto
1988
1989
1990
1991
 
 Gabriel D. Carroll
UC Berkeley, Harvard
2000
2001
2002
2003
 
 Reid W. Barton
MIT
2001
2002
2003
2004
 
 Daniel Kane
MIT
2003
2004
2005
2006
 
Brian R. Lawrence
Caltech
2007
2008
2010
2011
 
 Edward L. Kaplan
Carnegie Tech
1939
1940
1941
 
 Andrew M. Gleason
Yale
1940
1941
1942
 
 Donald J. Newman
City College of NY
1948
1949
1950
 
James B. Herreshoff IV
UC Berkeley
1951
1952
1953
 
Samuel Jacob Klein
City College of NY
1953
1959
1960
 
 Randall L. Dougherty
UC Berkeley
1978
1979
1980
 
Eric D. Carlson
Michigan State
1980
1982
1983
 
David W. Ash
Waterloo
1981
1982
1983
 
 Noam D. Elkies
Columbia
1982
1983
1984
 
David J. Grabiner
Princeton
1986
1987
1988
 
David J. Moews
Harvard
1986
1987
1988
 
J. P. Grossman
Toronto
1993
1994
1995
 
 Kiran S. Kedlaya
Harvard
1993
1994
1995
 
 Lenhard L. Ng
Harvard
1993
1994
1995
 
 Ciprian Manolescu
Harvard
1997
1998
2000
 
 Aaron C. Pixton
Princeton
2004
2005
2007
 
Yufei Zhao
MIT
2006
2008
2009
 
Arnav Tripathy
Harvard
2007
2008
2009
 
Seok Hyeong Lee
Stanford
2008
2010
2011
 
 Evan M. O'Dorney
UC Berkeley, Harvard
2011
2012
2013
 
Zipei Nie
MIT
2012
2013
2014
 
David H. Yang
MIT
2013
2014
2015
 
Yunkun Zhou
MIT
2015
2016
2017
 
Shengtong Zhang
MIT
2018
2019
2021
   
The following table lists all Putnam fellows from 1938 to present, with the years they placed in the top five. [10]  Ioana Dumitriu was the first woman to become a Putnam Fellow, in 1996.
 
Name (School)
Year (s)
 
 George W. Mackey (Rice)
1938
 
 Irving Kaplansky (Toronto)
1938
 
Michael J. Norris (College of St. Thomas)
1938
 
Robert W. Gibson (Fort Hays Kansas State)
1938
 
Bernard Sherman (Brooklyn College)
1938, 1939
 
Abraham Hillman (Brooklyn College)
1939
 
 Richard P. Feynman (MIT)
1939
 
 William Nierenberg (City College of NY)
1939
 
Edward L. Kaplan (Carnegie Tech)
1939, 1940, 1941
 
John Cotton Maynard (Toronto)
1940
 
Robert Maughan Snow (George Washington)
1940
 
W. J. R. Crosby (Toronto)
1940
 
 Andrew M. Gleason (Yale)
1940, 1941, 1942
 
 Paul C. Rosenbloom (UPenn)
1941
 
 Richard F. Arens (UCLA)
1941
 
Samuel I. Askovitz (UPenn)
1941
 
Harold Victor Lyons (Toronto)
1942
 
Harvey Cohn (City College of NY)
1942
 
Melvin A. Preston (Toronto)
1942
 
Warren S. Loud (MIT)
1942
 
 Donald A. Fraser (Toronto)
1946
 
 Eugenio Calabi (MIT)
1946
 
 Felix Browder (MIT)
1946
 
J. Arthur Greenwood (Harvard)
1946
 
 Maxwell A. Rosenlicht (Columbia)
1946, 1947
 
Clarence Wilson Hewlett, Jr. (Harvard)
1947
 
William Turanski (UPenn)
1947
 
Eoin L. Whitney (Alberta)
1947, 1948
 
 W. Forrest Stinespring (Harvard)
1947, 1949
 
 George F. D. Duff (Toronto)
1948
 
Harry Gonshor (McGill)
1948
 
Leonard Geller (Brooklyn College)
1948
 
 Robert L. Mills (Columbia)
1948
 
 Donald J. Newman (City College of NY)
1948, 1949, 1950
 
Ariel Zemach (Harvard)
1949
 
David L. Yarmush (Harvard)
1949
 
 John W. Milnor (Princeton)
1949, 1950
 
John P. Mayberry (Toronto)
1950
 
Richard J. Semple (Toronto)
1950
 
Z. Alexander Melzak (British Columbia)
1950
 
 Arthur P. Dempster (Toronto)
1951
 
 Harold Widom (City College of NY)
1951
 
Herbert C. Kranzer (NYU)
1951
 
Peter John Redmond (Cooper Union)
1951
 
James B. Herreshoff IV (UC Berkeley)
1951, 1952, 1953
 
Eugene R. Rodemich (Washington U in StL)
1952
 
Gerhard Rayna (Harvard)
1952
 
 Richard G. Swan (Princeton)
1952
 
 Walter Lewis Baily, Jr. (MIT)
1952
 
Marshall L. Freimer (Harvard)
1953
 
Norman Bauman (Harvard)
1953
 
 Tai Tsun Wu (Minnesota)
1953
 
Samuel Jacob Klein (City College of NY)
1953, 1959, 1960
 
Benjamin Muckenhoupt (Harvard)
1954
 
 James Daniel Bjorken (MIT)
1954
 
Leonard Evens (Cornell)
1954
 
William P. Hanf (UC Berkeley)
1954
 
 Kenneth G. Wilson (Harvard)
1954, 1956
 
Howard C. Rumsey, Jr. (Caltech)
1955
 
Jack Towber (Brooklyn College)
1955
 
 David B. Mumford (Harvard)
1955, 1956
 
Trevor Barker (Kenyon)
1955, 1956
 
 Everett C. Dade (Harvard)
1955, 1957
 
Richard Michael Friedberg (Harvard)
1956
 
David M. Bloom (Columbia)
1956, 1957
 
J. Ian Richards (Minnesota)
1957
 
Richard T. Bumby (MIT)
1957
 
 Rohit J. Parikh (Harvard)
1957
 
David R. Brillinger (Toronto)
Spring 1958
 
Donald J. C. Bures (Queen's)
Spring 1958
 
Lawrence A. Shepp (Brooklyn Polytech)
Spring 1958
 
 Richard M. Dudley (Harvard)
Spring 1958
 
 Joseph Lipman (Toronto)
Spring 1958, Fall 1958
 
Alan Gaisford Waterman (San Diego State)
Fall 1958
 
John Rex Forrester Hewett (Toronto)
Fall 1958
 
 Robert C. Hartshorne (Harvard)
Fall 1958
 
 Alfred W. Hales (Caltech)
Fall 1958, 1959
 
 Daniel G. Quillen (Harvard)
1959
 
Donald Passman (Brooklyn Polytech)
1959
 
Donald S. Gorman (Harvard)
1959
 
Martin Isaacs (Brooklyn Polytech)
1959
 
 Stephen L. Adler (Harvard)
1959
 
 Stephen Lichtenbaum (Harvard)
1959
 
 Jon H. Folkman (UC Berkeley)
1960
 
Louis Jaeckel (UCLA)
1960
 
 Melvin Hochster (Harvard)
1960
 
William R. Emerson (Caltech)
1960
 
Barry Wolk (Manitoba)
1961
 
 Elwyn R. Berlekamp (MIT)
1961
 
Edward Anton Bender (Caltech)
1961, 1962
 
John Hathaway Lindsey (Caltech)
1961, 1962
 
 William C. Waterhouse (Harvard)
1961, 1962
 
John William Wood (Harvard)
1962
 
Robert S. Strichartz (Dartmouth)
1962
 
 Joel H. Spencer (MIT)
1963
 
Lawrence A. Zalcman (Dartmouth)
1963
 
Lawrence J. Corwin (Harvard)
1963
 
 Robert E. Greene (Michigan State)
1963
 
Stephen E. Crick, Jr. (Michigan State)
1963
 
Barry B. MacKichan (Harvard)
1964
 
Fred William Roush (UNC Chapel Hill)
1964
 
 Roger E. Howe (Harvard)
1964
 
 Rufus (Robert) Bowen (UC Berkeley)
1964, 1965
 
 Vern Sheridan Poythress (Caltech)
1964
 
 Andreas R. Blass (Detroit)
1965
 
 Barry Simon (Harvard)
1965
 
Daniel Fendel (Harvard)
1965
 
Lon M. Rosen (Toronto)
1965
 
Marshall W. Buck (Harvard)
1966
 
Robert E. Maas (Santa Clara)
1966
 
Robert S. Winternitz (MIT)
1966
 
Theodore C. Chang (MIT)
1966
 
 Richard C. Schroeppel (MIT)
1966, 1967
 
David R. Haynor (Harvard)
1967
 
 Dennis A. Hejhal (Chicago)
1967
 
 Don B. Zagier (MIT)
1967
 
 Peter L. Montgomery (UC Berkeley)
1967
 
Dean G. Huffman (Yale)
1968
 
Gerald S. Gras (MIT)
1968
 
 Neal Koblitz (Harvard)
1968
 
Gerald A. Edgar (UC Santa Barbara)
1968, 1969
 
 Don Coppersmith (MIT)
1968, 1969, 1970, 1971
 
Alan R. Beale (Rice)
1969
 
Steven K. Winkler (MIT)
1969, 1970
 
Robert A. Oliver (Chicago)
1969, 1970
 
 Jeffrey Lagarias (MIT)
1970
 
Jockum Aniansson (Yale)
1970
 
 Arthur Rubin (Purdue, Caltech)
1970, 1971, 1972, 1973
 
Dale Peterson (Yale)
1971
 
David Shucker (Swarthmore)
1971
 
Robert Israel (Chicago)
1971
 
Michael Yoder (Caltech)
1971, 1972
 
Arthur Rothstein (Reed)
1972
 
 David Vogan (Chicago)
1972
 
Dean Hickerson (UC Davis)
1972
 
 Ira Gessel (Harvard)
1972
 
Angelos J. Tsirimokos (Princeton)
1973
 
Matthew L. Ginsberg (Wesleyan)
1973
 
Peter G. De Buda (Toronto)
1973
 
David J. Anick (MIT)
1973, 1975
 
Grant M. Roberts (Waterloo)
1974
 
 James B. Saxe (Union)
1974
 
 Karl C. Rubin (Princeton)
1974
 
Philip N. Strenski (Armstrong State)
1974
 
 Thomas G. Goodwillie (Harvard)
1974, 1975
 
Ernest S. Davis (MIT)
1975
 
Franklin T. Adams (Chicago)
1975
 
Christopher L. Henley (Caltech)
1975, 1976
 
David J. Wright (Cornell)
1976
 
Nathaniel S. Kuhn (Harvard)
1976
 
Paul M. Herdig (Case Western Reserve)
1976
 
Philip I. Harrington (Washington U in StL)
1976
 
Steven T. Tschantz (UC Berkeley)
1976, 1978
 
Adam L. Stephanides (Chicago)
1977, 1981
 
Michael Roberts (MIT)
1977
 
 Paul A. Vojta (Minnesota)
1977
 
Stephen W. Modzelewski (Harvard)
1977
 
 Russell D. Lyons (Case Western Reserve)
1977, 1978
 
Mark R. Kleiman (Princeton)
1978
 
 Peter W. Shor (Caltech)
1978
 
 Randall L. Dougherty (UC Berkeley)
1978, 1979, 1980
 
Charles H. Walter (Princeton)
1979
 
Mark G. Pleszkoch (Virginia)
1979
 
 Miller Puckette (MIT)
1979
 
Richard Mifflin (Rice)
1979
 
Daniel J. Goldstein (Chicago)
1980
 
Laurence E. Penn (Harvard)
1980
 
Michael Raship (Harvard)
1980
 
Eric D. Carlson (Michigan State)
1980, 1982, 1983
 
Robin A. Pemantle (UC Berkeley)
1981
 
Scott R. Fluhrer (Case Western Reserve)
1981
 
David W. Ash (Waterloo)
1981, 1982, 1983
 
 Michael J. Larsen (Harvard)
1981, 1983
 
Brian R. Hunt (Maryland)
1982
 
Edward A. Shpiz (Washington U in StL)
1982
 
 Noam D. Elkies (Columbia)
1982, 1983, 1984
 
Gregg N. Patruno (Princeton)
1983
 
Benji N. Fisher (Harvard)
1984
 
Daniel W. Johnson (Rose-Hulman Tech)
1984
 
Richard A. Stong (Washington U in StL)
1984
 
Michael Reid (Harvard)
1984, 1987
 
Everett W. Howe (Caltech)
1985
 
Keith A. Ramsay (Chicago)
1985
 
Martin V. Hildebrand (Williams)
1985
 
Douglas S. Jungreis (Harvard)
1985, 1986
 
 Bjorn M. Poonen (Harvard)
1985, 1986, 1987, 1988
 
 David I. Zuckerman (Harvard)
1986
 
Waldemar P. Horwat (MIT)
1986
 
David J. Grabiner (Princeton)
1986, 1987, 1988
 
David J. Moews (Harvard)
1986, 1987, 1988
 
Constantin S. Teleman (Harvard)
1987
 
John S. Tillinghast (UC Davis)
1987
 
 Jeremy A. Kahn (Harvard)
1988
 
 Ravi D. Vakil (Toronto)
1988, 1989, 1990, 1991
 
 Andrew H. Kresch (Yale)
1989
 
Christos A. Athanasiadis (MIT)
1989
 
Colin M. Springer (Waterloo)
1989
 
Sihao Wu (Yale)
1989
 
William P. Cross (Caltech)
1989
 
Jordan Lampe (UC Berkeley)
1990
 
Raymond M. Sidney (Harvard)
1990
 
Eric K. Wepsic (Harvard)
1990, 1991
 
 Jordan S. Ellenberg (Harvard)
1990, 1992
 
Joshua B. Fischman (Princeton)
1991
 
Xi Chen (Missouri–Rolla)
1991
 
Samuel A. Kutin (Harvard)
1991, 1992
 
Jeffrey M. Vanderkam (Duke)
1992
 
Serban M. Nacu (Harvard)
1992
 
 Adam M. Logan (Princeton)
1992, 1993
 
 Craig B. Gentry (Duke)
1993
 
 Wei-Hwa Huang (Caltech)
1993
 
J. P. Grossman (Toronto)
1993, 1994, 1995
 
 Kiran S. Kedlaya (Harvard)
1993, 1994, 1995
 
 Lenhard L. Ng (Harvard)
1993, 1994, 1995
 
William R. Mann (Princeton)
1994
 
Jeremy L. Bem (Cornell)
1994, 1996
 
Sergey V. Levin (Harvard)
1995
 
Yevgeniy Dodis (NYU)
1995
 
Dragos N. Oprea (Harvard)
1996
 
 Ioana Dumitriu (NYU)
1996
 
 Robert D. Kleinberg (Cornell)
1996
 
Stephen S. Wang (Harvard)
1996
 
Daniel K. Schepler (Washington U in StL)
1996, 1997
 
 Ovidiu Savin (Pittsburgh)
1997
 
Patrick K. Corn (Harvard)
1997
 
Samuel Grushevsky (Harvard)
1997
 
 Mike L. Develin (Harvard)
1997, 1998
 
 Ciprian Manolescu (Harvard)
1997, 1998, 2000
 
Ari M. Turner (Princeton)
1998
 
Nathan G. Curtis (Duke)
1998
 
Kevin D. Lacker (Duke)
1998, 2001
 
Christopher C. Mihelich (Harvard)
1999
 
 Colin A. Percival (Simon Fraser)
1999
 
Davesh Maulik (Harvard)
1999
 
Derek I.E. Kisman (Waterloo)
1999
 
Sabin Cautis (Waterloo)
1999
 
Abhinav Kumar (MIT)
1999, 2000
 
Pavlo Pylyavskyy (MIT)
2000
 
Alexander B. Schwartz (Harvard)
2000, 2002
 
 Gabriel D. Carroll (UC Berkeley, Harvard)
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003
 
George Lee, Jr. (Harvard)
2001
 
Jan K. Siwanowicz (City College of NY)
2001
 
 Reid W. Barton (MIT)
2001, 2002, 2003, 2004
 
Deniss Cebikins (MIT)
2002
 
 Melanie E. Wood (Duke)
2002
 
Ralph C. Furmaniak (Waterloo)
2003
 
 Ana Caraiani (Princeton)
2003, 2004
 
 Daniel M. Kane (MIT)
2003, 2004, 2005, 2006
 
Vladimir V. Barzov (MIT)
2004
 
 Aaron Pixton (Princeton)
2004, 2005, 2007
 
Oleg I. Golberg (MIT)
2005
 
Matthew M. Ince (MIT)
2005
 
Ricky I. Liu (Harvard)
2005
 
Tiankai Liu (Harvard)
2005, 2006
 
Hansheng Diao (MIT)
2006
 
Po-Ru Loh (Caltech)
2006
 
Yufei Zhao (MIT)
2006, 2008, 2009
 
Jason C. Bland (Caltech)
2007
 
Brian R. Lawrence (Caltech)
2007, 2008, 2010, 2011
 
Qingchun Ren (MIT)
2007, 2009
 
Xuancheng Shao (MIT)
2007
 
Arnav Tripathy (Harvard)
2007, 2008, 2009
 
Seok Hyeong Lee (Stanford)
2008, 2010, 2011
 
Bohua Zhan (MIT)
2008
 
William A. Johnson (U of Washington)
2009
 
Xiaosheng Mu (Yale)
2009, 2011
 
Yu Deng (MIT)
2010
 
Colin P. Sandon (MIT)
2010
 
Alex (Lin) Zhai (Harvard)
2010
 
Samuel S. Elder (Caltech)
2011
 
 Evan M. O'Dorney (Harvard)
2011, 2012, 2013
 
Benjamin P. Gunby (MIT)
2012
 
Eric K. Larson (Harvard)
2012
 
Mitchell M. Lee (MIT)
2012, 2013
 
Zipei Nie (MIT)
2012, 2013, 2014
 
Bobby C. Shen (MIT)
2013, 2014
 
David H. Yang (MIT)
2013, 2014, 2015
 
Ravi Jagadeesan (Harvard)
2014
 
Mark A. Sellke (MIT)
2014
 
Lingfu Zhang (MIT)
2014
 
Pakawut Jiradilok (Harvard)
2015
 
Bumsoo Kim (Princeton)
2015
 
Gyujin Oh (Stanford)
2015
 
Daniel Spivak (Waterloo)
2015
 
Yunkun Zhou (MIT)
2015, 2016, 2017
 
Joshua D. Brakensiek (Carnegie Mellon)
2016
 
Dong Ryul Kim (Harvard)
2016, 2018
 
Thomas E. Swayze (Carnegie Mellon)
2016
 
Samuel Zbarsky (Carnegie Mellon)
2016
 
David Stoner (Harvard)
2017, 2018
 
 Ömer Cerrahoğlu (MIT)
2017
 
Jiyang Gao (MIT)
2017
 
Junyao Peng (MIT)
2017
 
Ashwin Sah (MIT)
2017, 2019
 
Yuan Yao (MIT)
2018, 2019
 
Shengtong Zhang (MIT)
2018, 2019, 2021
 
Shyam Narayanan (Harvard)
2018
 
Kevin Sun (MIT)
2019
 
Daniel Zhu (MIT)
2019, 2021
 
Andrew Gu (MIT)
2021
 
Michael Ren (MIT)
2021
 
Edward Wan (MIT)
2021
   
Elizabeth Lowell Putnam Award winners[edit]
Since 1992, the Elizabeth Lowell Putnam Award has been available to be awarded to a female participant with a high score, with three awards being made for the first time in 2019. [11]  The year(s) in which they were Fellows are in bold. Ioana Dumitriu was the first woman to become a Putnam Fellow, in 1996.
 
Name
School
Year (s)
 
Dana Pascovici
Dartmouth
1992
 
 Ruth A. Britto-Pacumio 
MIT
1994
 
 Ioana Dumitriu 
NYU
1995, 1996, 1997
 
Wai Ling Yee
Waterloo
1999
 
 Melanie E. Wood 
Duke
2001, 2002
 
 Ana Caraiani 
Princeton
 2003, 2004
 
 Alison B. Miller 
Harvard
2005, 2006, 2007
 
 Viktoriya Krakovna 
Toronto
2008
 
Yinghui Wang
MIT
2010
 
Fei Song
Virginia
2011
 
Xiao Wu
Yale
2013
 
Simona Diaconu
Princeton
2016
 
Ni Yan
UCLA
2017
 
Danielle Wang
MIT
2015, 2018
 
Laura Pierson
Harvard
2019
 
Qi Qi
MIT
2019
 
Hanzhi Zheng
Stanford
2019
 
Dain Kim
MIT
2021
   
See also[edit]
  List of mathematics awards  
References[edit]
 
  ^   "William Lowell Putnam Competition Prizes". math.scu.edu. Santa Clara University.
  ^   "Putnam Competition | Mathematical Association of America". www.maa.org. Retrieved 18 April 2018.
  ^  David Arney; George Rosenstein. "The Harvard-United States Military Academy Mathematics Competition of 1933: Genesis of the William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition". www.westpoint.edu. Retrieved 18 April 2018.
  ^   "History of the Putnam Prize". Santa Clara University – Mathematics &amp; Computer Science. Retrieved 7 November 2021.
^    a       b     "Putnam Competition | Mathematical Association of America". www.maa.org. Retrieved Mar 27, 2020.
  ^   "82nd Putnam Competition Announces Top Students in Undergraduate Mathematics". newsroom.maa.org. Retrieved 2022-12-01.
  ^   "MIT students dominate annual Putnam Mathematical Competition". MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Retrieved 2022-12-01.
  ^  Fujimori, Jessica (3 May 2016). "At Putnam, students rise to the challenge". news.mit.edu. MIT News. Retrieved 18 April 2018.
  ^  Weisstein, Eric (17 April 2018). "Putnam Mathematical Competition". mathworld.wolfram.com. Wolfram Web Resources. Retrieved 18 April 2018.
  ^   "List of Previous Putnam Winners" (PDF).  Mathematical Association of America . Retrieved December 30, 2020.
  ^   "Top Students and Teams Announced in Putnam Competition". www.maa.org. Mathematical Association of America.
 
External links[edit]
  William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition results 
 William Lowell Putnam Competition problems, solutions, and results archive 
 Archive of Problems 1938–2003 
 Searchable data base for information about careers of Putnam Fellows 
 A comprehensive history of the Putnam competition An electronic update of Gallian's 2004 paper (PDF)
William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Lowell_Putnam_Mathematical_Competition