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Delete and count files in "/testbed/dir3/subdir1/subsubdir1/tmp" that are older than 2 days
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find /testbed/dir3/subdir1/subsubdir1/tmp -type f -mtime +2 -print0 | xargs -0 rm -f
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Display the 5 largest files in the /testbed directory and its sub-directories.
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find /testbed -type f -exec ls -s {} \; | sort -n -r | head -5
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Display the 5 smallest files in the /testbed directory and its sub-directories ignoring any empty files.
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find /testbed -not -empty -type f -exec ls -s {} \; | sort -n | head -5
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Display the 5 smallest files in the /testbed directory and its sub-directories.
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find /testbed -type f -exec ls -s {} \; | sort -n | head -5
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Display the biggest file sizes only in the /testbed directory
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find /testbed -type f -exec du -Sh {} + | sort -rh | head -n 5
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Find .java files in the testbed directory tree that contain 'Hello', and print their names
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find /testbed -name "*.java" -exec grep -Hin Hello {} + | cut -d ":" -f 1 | xargs -I{} basename {}
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Print a list of all duplicate case insensitive filenames in the /testbed directory tree
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find /testbed -type f | awk -F/ '{print $NF}' | sort -f | uniq -i -d
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Print all unique file paths under "testbed/dir1" compared to "testbed/dir2"
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comm -23 <(find /testbed/dir1 | sed 's#/testbed/dir1/##' | sort) <(find /testbed/dir2 | sed 's#/testbed/dir2/##' | sort) | sed 's#^#/testbed/dir1/#'
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Recursively finds all files containing text 'Hello' and prints folder where they are placed.
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grep -r Hello * | awk '{split($1, path, ":"); print path[1]}' | xargs -I{} dirname {}
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Prints total number of lines of all *.java files in /testbed folder and subfolders.
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find /testbed -name '*.java' -print0 |xargs -0 wc -l|grep 'total' |awk '{ print $1 }'
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Create a symbolc link in the /testbed/dir3/subdir1/subsubdir1/FooBar to root folder
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ln /testbed/dir3/subdir1/subsubdir1/FooBar -s /
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search for all the files in the folder /testbed/dir1 which have sticky bit set and have the permissions 553
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find /testbed/dir1 -perm 553
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search for php files in /testbed directory and search for "world" in all these files
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find /testbed -name '*.php' -exec grep -iq "world" {} \; -print
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Retrieve only build number of current kernel, ie. #104
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uname -v | grep -o '#[0-9]\+'
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Print reverse lookup for adress 127.0.0.1
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dig -x 127.0.0.1
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List file information of the full path of command "c++"
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ls -ald `which c++`
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Extract host name part from "http://www.google.com"
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echo "http://www.google.com" | cut -d'/' -f3
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List environment variables and their values, escaping all semicolons with a backslash.
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env | sed 's/;/\\;/g'
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Displays a tree of all process alongside their command line arguments.
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pstree -a
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Create intermediate directories "dir" and "subdir" as required and create "subsubdir"
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mkdir -p dir/subdir/subsubdir
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Change to the directory of the executable "python"
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cd `dirname $(which python)`
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Print numbers 1 through 10 separated by ":"
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yes | head -n10 | grep -n . | cut -d: -f1 | paste -sd:
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print all readline bindings
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bind -P
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list names of bind functions containing "p"
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bind -l | grep p
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List all files on smbfs mounts
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mount -v | grep smbfs | awk '{print $3}' | xargs ls -ls
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Save first IP address of domain 'google.com' in 'address' variable and display it
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address=$(dig +short google.com | grep -E '^[0-9.]+$' | head -n 1) && echo $address
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Remove all characters except ";" and digits from the string " Hello world;876 "
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echo ' Hello world;876 ' | tr -cd ';0-9'
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Remove leading and trailing spaces or tabs from " Hello world! "
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echo ' Hello world! ' | sed -e 's/^[ \t]*//' | sed -e 's/[ \t]*$//'
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Remove the last 3 characters from "987654321"
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echo 987654321 | rev | cut -c 4- | rev
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Print source of the file system containing current working directory.
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df . | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}'
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List all variables (names only) with names containing "H".
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env | awk -F= '{if($1 ~ /H/) print $1}'
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Print a list of unique users who are logged in
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who | cut -d' ' -f1 | sort | uniq
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Ping hostname, grep for 192.168.11 and print the IP from the output
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ping -c 1 hostname | grep 192.168.11 | grep 'bytes from' | awk '{print $4}' | sed 's/://g'
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Print a line of 99 '=' characters
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seq -s= 100|tr -d '[:digit:]'
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Counts all business days in a current month.
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cal -h | cut -c 4-17 | tail -n +3 | wc -w
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Count number of users logged in
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who | awk -F' ' '{print $1}' | sort -u | wc -l
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Displays calendar of a previous, current and next month for December of 2120 year.
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cal -3 12 2120
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Extract, sort and print only group names from /etc/group.
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cut -d: -f1 /etc/group | sort
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Store system load average number in the 'proc_load_average' variable and print it.
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proc_load_average=$(w | head -n 1 | awk '{print $NF}' | tr ',' '.') && echo $proc_load_average
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Calculate the sum of all the numbers from 1 to 10
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seq 10 | jq -s 'add'
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find files in /workspace directory which are modified 30 days ago
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find /workspace -daystart -type f -mtime -30
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find files in the /workspace directory with pattern` *.c that larger than 1 Kilobytes
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find /workspace -name '*.c' -size +1k -print
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find files in the /workspace directory and sub-directories, that changed within last hour
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find /workspace -cmin -60
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find files in the /workspace directory and sub-directories, that were accessed within last hour
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find /workspace -amin -60
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list all the drectories present in the /workspace directory and do not search in the sub directories.
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find /workspace -maxdepth 1 -type d
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list all the files in the /workspace directory which are of size 0 bytes.
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find /workspace -empty
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list all zero-length files under the /workspace directory
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find /workspace -empty -exec ls {} \;
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locate and remove large files (> 1 KB) in /workspace
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find /workspace -type f -size +1k -delete
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long list al the files in the /workspace directory which have only read permission to the group
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find /workspace -perm 400 -type f -exec ls -l {} \;
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long list al the files in the /workspace directory which have all the permissions
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find /workspace -perm 777 -type f -exec ls -l {} \;
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long list the details of all the shell scripts in /workspace directory
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find /workspace -name "*.sh" -exec ls -ld {} \;
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move all files in the /workspace folder to / and do not move the files in the sub folder
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find /workspace -maxdepth 1 -type f -exec mv -t / {} +
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move files in /workspace accessed more than one day ago to directory /
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find /workspace -atime +1 -type f -exec mv {} / \;
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print all filenames of files under /workspace/dir1 dir containing 'hello', case-insensitive
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find /workspace/dir1 -type f -exec grep -il 'hello' {} \;
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print disk usage of files or folders in /workspace
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du -sh /workspace
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print the last word in /workspace/dir1/long.txt
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tac /workspace/dir1/long.txt | awk 'NF{print $NF; exit}'
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print top 3 largest files and /workspace
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du -a /workspace | sort -nr | head -3
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prints first line of "/workspace/dir1/long.txt"
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head -n1 /workspace/dir1/long.txt
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prints the last non-empty line of "/workspace/dir1/a.txt"
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tac /workspace/dir1/a.txt | grep -m 1 '.'
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prune all the files in the /workspace directory
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find /workspace -prune
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search for all the files in the /workspace directory which have size greater than 1KB (approx) and less than 32KB(approx).
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find /workspace -size +1000c -size -32000c -print
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search for all the files in the /workspace folder and sort them in the order of their depth and display the file names
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find /workspace -type d -printf '%d\t%P\n' | sort -r -nk1 | cut -f2-
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search for all the files in the /workspace folder which are bigger than 1KB and display them biggest file
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find /workspace -size +1k -exec ls -ls {} \+ | sort -n | tail -1
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search for text files in the /workspace folder which do not have write access to others
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find /workspace -type f \( -iname "*.txt" -not -perm -o=w \)
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search for the directory "mysql" in the entire file system
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find /workspace -name mysql -type d
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Print a list of all duplicate case insensitive filenames in the /workspace directory tree
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find /workspace -type f | awk -F/ '{print $NF}' | sort -f | uniq -i -d
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search for the file foo in the /workspace folder and display a long listing of it in sorted order of modification date
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find /workspace -name foo | xargs ls -tl
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search for the word "hello" in all the regular/normal files in the /workspace folder and display the matched file name
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find /workspace -type f | xargs grep -l "hello"
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Calculate the md5 sum of all files in the /workspace directory with the filename printed first
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ls -p | grep -v /workspace | xargs md5sum | awk '{print $2,$1}'
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Calculate the md5 sum of the contents of all files sorted in directory tree "/workspace"
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find /workspace -type f | sort -u | xargs cat | md5sum
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Change directory to the alphabetically last path under the /workspace directory
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cd $(find /workspace -type d -print0 | sort -z | tr '\0' '\n' | tail -1)
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Count the number of unique 3 to 6 character file extensions are in the /workspace directory tree
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find /workspace -type f -name "*.*" | grep -o -E "\.[^\.]+$" | grep -o -E "[[:alpha:]]{3,6}" | awk '{print tolower($0)}' | sort | uniq -c | sort -rn
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Create a copy of the /workspace directory structure in the /usr directory,
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find /workspace -type d -print|sed 's@^@/usr/@'|xargs mkdir -p
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Display a long listing of the oldest file under '/workspace' directory tree
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find /workspace -printf "%T@ %p\n" | sort -n | head -1 | cut -d" " -f2- | xargs ls -al
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Find the largest 2 directories under /workspace directory
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find /workspace -type d -print0 | xargs -0 du | sort -n | tail -2 | cut -f2 | xargs -I{} du -sh {}
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List all files with their paths that have identical content in /workspace directory
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find /workspace -type f | xargs md5sum | sort | uniq -Dw32
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Make directories for each unique file path in "/workspace/files.txt"
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cat /workspace/files.txt |xargs -I {} dirname "{}"| sort -u | xargs -I{} mkdir -p "{}"
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Print the total disk usage in bytes of all files listed in "/workspace/files.txt"
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cat /workspace/files.txt | xargs du -c | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}'
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Unhide all hidden files in the /workspace directory
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find /workspace -maxdepth 1 -type f -name '.*' -exec sh -c 'mv "$0" "${0%/\.*}/${0##*/.}"' {} \;
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Count the number of differing lines in "/workspace/dir1/long.txt" and "/workspace/dir1/terminate.txt"
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diff /workspace/dir1/long.txt /workspace/dir1/terminate.txt | grep ^[\>\<] | wc -l
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Count the number of differing lines in "/workspace/dir1/terminate.txt" and "/workspace/dir1/long.txt" with 0 lines of unified context
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diff -U 0 /workspace/dir1/terminate.txt /workspace/dir1/long.txt | grep -v ^@ | wc -l
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Counts lines in file /workspace/dir1/a.txt ignoring empty lines and lines with spaces only.
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awk '!/^[[:space:]]*$/{++x} END{print x}' /workspace/dir1/a.txt
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Create a symbolic link in directory "~/newlinks" for each file listed in "/workspace/results.txt"
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cat /workspace/results.txt | xargs -I{} ln -s {} ~/newlinks
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Delete all hidden files under /workspace
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find /workspace -type f -name '.*' -delete
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Determine if /workspace/dir2/mysql/ exists on a mounted file system.
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df /workspace/dir2/mysql/
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Display a dump of "/workspace/dir1/long.txt" as floating point values of double size
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od -t fD /workspace/dir1/long.txt
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Display differences between list of files in /workspace/dir1 and /workspace/dir2.
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diff <(ls /workspace/dir1) <(ls /workspace/dir2)
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Display the file size of file '/workspace/dir1/sum.c' in bytes
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du -sb /workspace/dir1/sum.c | cut -f1
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Display the last slash-separated part of each filename path in /workspace/dir1/file.txt
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rev /workspace/dir1/file.txt | cut -d/ -f1 | rev
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Display the sizes and filepaths of all files/directories in /workspace directory sorted in descending order of size
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du /workspace -a -h --max-depth=1 | sort -hr
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Print percentage of the space used on the /workspace directory.
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df -k /workspace | tail -1 | awk '{print $5}'
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Print the contents of "/workspace/dir1/long.txt" in reverse order
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nl /workspace/dir1/long.txt | sort -nr | cut -b8-
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Create an empty file "Icon" with a carriage return character in the end of its name.
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echo $'Icon\r' | xargs touch
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Create a symbolc link in the /workspace/dir1 to root folder
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ln /workspace/dir1 -s /
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Display permissions, user, group, and full path for each file in the /workspace directory tree
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tree /workspace -p -u -g -f
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Search for 'hello' case insensitively in all files under /workspace directory tree and show the matched lines with their filenames
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find /workspace -type f -print0 | xargs -0 grep -iH "hello"
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Split the output of "/workspace/archive.tar.gz" into files of at most 10 MiB in size and use prefix "output_prefix"
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tar -xf /workspace/archive.tar.gz | split -b 10M -d - /output_prefix
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Unpack all *.gz archives in the /workspace directory tree
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find /workspace -name '*.gz' -print0 | xargs -0 gunzip
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Uncompress "/workspace/archive.tar.gz" and extract the archive to "/backup"
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gzip -dc /workspace/archive.tar.gz | tar -xf - -C /backup
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Create a symbolic link to "/workspace/dir1/terminate.txt" named "/workspace/test"
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ln /workspace/dir1/terminate.txt /workspace/test
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