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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Nova 1", "paragraph_text": "Nova 1 is the first in a series of anthologies of original science fiction stories edited by American writer Harry Harrison, published by Delacorte Press in 1970. A Science Fiction Book Club edition was issued later that year, with a Dell paperback reprint following in 1971. A British paperback appeared in 1975, with an abridged British hardcover following in 1976. \"Nova 1\" placed 15th in the 1971 Locus Poll in the Anthologies/Collections category.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Battlestar Galactica (season 1)", "paragraph_text": "The first season of the reimagined science fiction television series \"Battlestar Galactica\", commissioned by the Sci-Fi Channel in February 2004, began airing eight months later in the United Kingdom and Ireland. It premiered on Sci-Fi in the United States with a two-hour debut on January 14, 2005. The first episode of the series received a Hugo Award and the season's 13 episodes were recognized with a Peabody Award \"for pushing the limits of science fiction and making it accessible to all.\"", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Arizona Robbins", "paragraph_text": "Arizona Robbins, M.D. is a fictional character on the ABC television series Grey's Anatomy, portrayed by Jessica Capshaw. She was introduced in the show's fifth season as an attending surgeon and the new chief of pediatric surgery. Originally contracted to appear in three episodes, Capshaw's contract was extended to the remainder of the fifth season, with her becoming a series regular in the sixth season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "RuPaul's Drag Race (season 1)", "paragraph_text": "RuPaul's Drag Race Season 1 Broadcast from February 2 (2009 - 02 - 02) -- March 23, 2009 (2009 - 03 - 23) Judges RuPaul Santino Rice Merle Ginsberg Host (s) RuPaul Broadcaster Logo Competitors 9 Winner BeBe Zahara Benet Origin Minneapolis, Minnesota. Runner - up Nina Flowers Chronology Season 1 ▶", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Owen Hunt", "paragraph_text": "Owen Hunt, M.D. is a fictional character from the medical drama television series Grey's Anatomy, which airs on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States. The character was created by series' producer Shonda Rhimes, and is portrayed by actor Kevin McKidd. He was introduced in season five as a U.S. Army trauma surgeon who served in war - torn Iraq, and subsequently joins the fictional Seattle Grace Hospital to teach medicine as a surgical attending, head of trauma surgery, and eventual chief of surgery, sometimes with unorthodox methods. Originally contracted to appear for a multi-episode story arc, he was upgraded to a series' regular at the conclusion of his first appearance.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Sky Mangel", "paragraph_text": "Sky Mangel (also Bishop) is a fictional character from the Australian soap opera \"Neighbours\". She made her first screen appearance during the episode broadcast on 1 February 1989. The character was originally played by Miranda Fryer until 1991. When Sky was reintroduced on 13 August 2003, Stephanie McIntosh took over the role. She departed on 3 August 2007. McIntosh reprised her role as part of the show's 30th anniversary celebrations and Sky appeared via Skype on 20 March 2015.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Lieutenant Starbuck", "paragraph_text": "Lieutenant Starbuck of the Colonial Service, played by Dirk Benedict, is a fictional character in the 1978 science fiction television series \"Battlestar Galactica.\" Starbuck is a Viper starfighter pilot, gambler, womanizer and smoker of \"fumerellos\" (cigars). He is involved with Lieutenant Athena and socialator Cassiopeia, and best friend of Captain Apollo.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "The X-Files", "paragraph_text": "The X-Files Genre Science fiction Horror Drama Mystery Thriller Supernatural fiction Created by Chris Carter Starring David Duchovny Gillian Anderson Robert Patrick Annabeth Gish Mitch Pileggi Music by Mark Snow Country of origin United States Original language (s) English No. of seasons 10 No. of episodes 208 (list of episodes) Production Executive producer (s) Chris Carter R.W. Goodwin Howard Gordon Frank Spotnitz Vince Gilligan John Shiban Kim Manners Glen Morgan James Wong Michelle MacLaren Michael W. Watkins David Greenwalt Location (s) Vancouver (seasons 1 -- 5, 10 -- 11) Los Angeles (seasons 6 -- 9) Running time 45 minutes Production company (s) Ten Thirteen Productions 20th Television (1993 -- 95) 20th Century Fox Television (1995 -- 2002, 2016) Distributor 20th Television Release Original network Fox Picture format 480i (4: 3 SDTV) (original broadcast) 480i 16: 9 (DVD seasons 5 -- 9) 1080p (16: 9 HDTV) (2014 remaster, season 10 -) Audio format Dolby Surround 2.0 (original broadcast) Dolby Digital 5.1 (2014 remaster; Descriptive Video Service over SAP season 10 -) Original release Original series: September 10, 1993 (1993 - 09 - 10) -- May 19, 2002 (2002 - 05 - 19) Revival: January 24, 2016 (2016 - 01 - 24) -- present Chronology Related shows Millennium (1996 -- 99) The Lone Gunmen (2001) External links Website www.fox.com/the-x-files", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Scream (TV series)", "paragraph_text": "On October 1, 2015, the entire first season of Scream became available to stream instantly on Netflix worldwide except in the United States. On May 13, 2016, the first season of Scream became available on Netflix in the United States. The streaming service started to broadcast the second season weekly on May 31, 2016, with a one - day delay with respect to the original United States broadcast. On September 30, 2016, the second season of Scream became available on Netflix in the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Owen Hunt", "paragraph_text": "Owen Hunt, M.D. is a fictional character from the medical drama television series \"Grey's Anatomy\", which airs on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States. The character was created by series' producer Shonda Rhimes, and is portrayed by Scottish actor Kevin McKidd. He was introduced in season five as a U.S. Army trauma surgeon who served in war-torn Iraq, and subsequently joins the fictional Seattle Grace Hospital to teach medicine as a surgical attending, head of trauma surgery, and eventual chief of surgery, sometimes with unorthodox methods. Originally contracted to appear for a multi-episode story arc, he was upgraded to a series' regular at the conclusion of his first appearance.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Boxey", "paragraph_text": "Boxey is a fictional character from the original \"Battlestar Galactica\" television series portrayed by Noah Hathaway. He is the son of Serina and soon after the beginning of the show he becomes the stepson of Captain Apollo.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "List of Once Upon a Time characters", "paragraph_text": "Captain Killian ``Hook ''Jones is a fictional character in ABC's television series Once Upon a Time. He is portrayed by Irish actor / musician Colin O'Donoghue, who became a series regular in the second season after making recurring appearances and has become a fan favorite since his debut. He is based on the character from J.M. Barrie's play, Peter and Wendy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Captain Apollo", "paragraph_text": "Captain Apollo is a fictional character in the \"Battlestar Galactica\" franchise. He was first played by Richard Hatch, who would also later appear as the character of Tom Zarek in the reimagined \"Battlestar Galactica\" series in 2005.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Rory Flanagan", "paragraph_text": "Rory Flanagan is a recurring fictional character from the Fox musical comedy-drama series \"Glee\". The character is portrayed by actor Damian McGinty, and appeared in \"Glee\" starting with its third season episode \"Pot o' Gold\", first broadcast on November 1, 2011. Rory is an exchange student from Ireland who arrives as a sophomore, and is living at the home of Brittany Pierce (Heather Morris) while studying at McKinley High. He joins the McKinley glee club, New Directions, in his first episode.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Captain America", "paragraph_text": "Captain America is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by cartoonists Joe Simon and Jack Kirby, the character first appeared in Captain America Comics # 1 (cover dated March 1941) from Timely Comics, a predecessor of Marvel Comics. Captain America was designed as a patriotic supersoldier who often fought the Axis powers of World War II and was Timely Comics' most popular character during the wartime period. The popularity of superheroes waned following the war and the Captain America comic book was discontinued in 1950, with a short - lived revival in 1953. Since Marvel Comics revived the character in 1964, Captain America has remained in publication.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Captain Britain", "paragraph_text": "Captain Britain (Brian Braddock) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. He first appeared in \"Captain Britain Weekly\" #1 (October 1976), the beginning of a serial best-remembered for runs by writer Chris Claremont, artist Alan Davis, and writer Alan Moore.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Derek Morgan (Criminal Minds)", "paragraph_text": "Derek Morgan is a fictional character on the CBS crime drama Criminal Minds, portrayed by Emmy Award winner Shemar Moore. Morgan specializes in fixations and obsessive behaviors. He is a Supervisory Special Agent of the FBI's Behavioral Analysis Unit, (although has served as interim unit chief for Aaron Hotchner), and has appeared from the series' pilot episode ``Extreme Aggressor '', which was originally broadcast on September 22, 2005. Before he left in season 11, he was one of only three main characters to appear since the first season as`` starring'', while also becoming the only character to appear in all episodes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Space Race", "paragraph_text": "The United States recovered from the Apollo 1 fire, fixing the fatal flaws in an improved version of the Block II command module. The US proceeded with unpiloted test launches of the Saturn V launch vehicle (Apollo 4 and Apollo 6) and the Lunar Module (Apollo 5) during the latter half of 1967 and early 1968. Apollo 1's mission to check out the Apollo Command/Service Module in Earth orbit was accomplished by Grissom's backup crew commanded by Walter Schirra on Apollo 7, launched on October 11, 1968. The eleven-day mission was a total success, as the spacecraft performed a virtually flawless mission, paving the way for the United States to continue with its lunar mission schedule.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "RuPaul's Drag Race (season 2)", "paragraph_text": "RuPaul's Drag Race Season 2 Broadcast from February 1 (2010 - 02 - 01) -- April 26, 2010 (2010 - 04 - 26) Judges RuPaul Santino Rice Merle Ginsberg Host (s) RuPaul Broadcaster Logo Competitors 12 Winner Tyra Sanchez Origin Orlando, Florida Runner - up Raven Chronology ◀ Season 2 ▶", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "RuPaul's Drag Race All Stars (season 1)", "paragraph_text": "RuPaul's Drag Race: All Stars Season 1 Broadcast from October 22 (2012 - 10 - 22) -- November 26, 2012 (2012 - 11 - 26) Judges RuPaul Michelle Visage Santino Rice Host (s) RuPaul Competitors 12 Winner Chad Michaels Origin San Diego, CA Runner - up Raven Chronology Season 1 ▶", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 149910, "question": "To which fictional work does Captain Apollo appear in?", "answer": "Battlestar Galactica", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 }, { "id": 465977, "question": "#1 , season 1 >> original broadcaster", "answer": "Sci-Fi Channel", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess", "paragraph_text": "There is very little voice acting in the game, as is the case in most Zelda titles to date. Link remains silent in conversation, but grunts when attacking or injured and gasps when surprised. His emotions and responses are largely indicated visually by nods and facial expressions. Other characters have similar language-independent verbalizations, including laughter, surprised or fearful exclamations, and screams. The character of Midna has the most voice acting—her on-screen dialog is often accompanied by a babble of pseudo-speech, which was produced by scrambling the phonemes of English phrases[better source needed] sampled by Japanese voice actress Akiko Kōmoto.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Lies and the Lying Liars Who Tell Them", "paragraph_text": "Lies and the Lying Liars Who Tell Them is a satirical book on American politics by Al Franken, a comedian, political commentator, and politician. It was published in 2003 by Dutton Penguin. Franken had a study group of 14 Harvard graduate students known as \"TeamFranken\" to help him with the research. The book's subtitle, \"A Fair and Balanced Look at the Right\", is a parody of Fox News' tagline \"Fair and Balanced.\" Fox sued Franken over the use of the phrase in a short-lived and unsuccessful lawsuit, which has been credited with increasing the sales of the book, an example of the Streisand effect.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Pre-Columbian era", "paragraph_text": "While the phrase ``pre-Columbian era ''literally refers only to the time preceding Christopher Columbus's voyages of 1492, in practice the phrase is usually used to denote the entire history of indigenous Americas cultures until those cultures were exterminated, diminished, or extensively altered by Europeans, even if this happened decades or centuries after Columbus's first landing. For this reason the alternative terms of Precontact Americas, Pre-Colonial Americas or Prehistoric Americas are also in use. In areas of Latin America the term usually used is Pre-Hispanic.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "The Population Bomb", "paragraph_text": "\"The Population Bomb\" was written at the suggestion of David Brower the executive director of the environmentalist Sierra Club, and Ian Ballantine of Ballantine Books following various public appearances Ehrlich had made regarding population issues and their relation to the environment. Although the Ehrlichs collaborated on the book, the publisher insisted that a single author be credited, and also asked to change their preferred title: \"Population, Resources, and Environment.\" The title \"Population Bomb\" was taken (with permission) from General William H. Draper, founder of the Population Crisis Committee and a pamphlet issued in 1954 by the Hugh Moore Fund. The Ehrlichs regret the choice of title, which they admit was a perfect choice from a marketing perspective, but think that \"it led Paul to be miscategorized as solely focused on human numbers, despite our interest in all the factors affecting the human trajectory.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Scientia potentia est", "paragraph_text": "The phrase ``scientia potentia est ''(or`` scientia est potentia'' or also ``scientia potestas est '') is a Latin aphorism meaning`` knowledge is power''. It is commonly attributed to Sir Francis Bacon, although there is no known occurrence of this precise phrase in Bacon's English or Latin writings. However, the expression ``ipsa scientia potestas est ''('knowledge itself is power') occurs in Bacon's Meditationes Sacrae (1597). The exact phrase`` scientia potentia est'' was written for the first time in the 1668 version of the work Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes, who was secretary to Bacon as a young man.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Pharyngeal arch", "paragraph_text": "All of the pharyngeal muscles of the second pharyngeal arch are innervated by the facial nerve. These muscles include the muscles of facial expression, the posterior belly of the digastric, the stylohyoid muscle, the auricular muscle and the stapedius muscle of the middle ear.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Communication", "paragraph_text": "Nonverbal communication describes the process of conveying meaning in the form of non-word messages. Examples of nonverbal communication include haptic communication, chronemic communication, gestures, body language, facial expression, eye contact, and how one dresses. Nonverbal communication also relates to intent of a message. Examples of intent are voluntary, intentional movements like shaking a hand or winking, as well as involuntary, such as sweating. Speech also contains nonverbal elements known as paralanguage, e.g. rhythm, intonation, tempo, and stress. There may even be a pheromone component. Research has shown that up to 55% of human communication may occur through non-verbal facial expressions, and a further 38% through paralanguage. It affects communication most at the subconscious level and establishes trust. Likewise, written texts include nonverbal elements such as handwriting style, spatial arrangement of words and the use of emoticons to convey emotion.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "On the Origin of Species", "paragraph_text": "Natural theology was not a unified doctrine, and while some such as Louis Agassiz were strongly opposed to the ideas in the book, others sought a reconciliation in which evolution was seen as purposeful. In the Church of England, some liberal clergymen interpreted natural selection as an instrument of God's design, with the cleric Charles Kingsley seeing it as \"just as noble a conception of Deity\". In the second edition of January 1860, Darwin quoted Kingsley as \"a celebrated cleric\", and added the phrase \"by the Creator\" to the closing sentence, which from then on read \"life, with its several powers, having been originally breathed by the Creator into a few forms or into one\". While some commentators have taken this as a concession to religion that Darwin later regretted, Darwin's view at the time was of God creating life through the laws of nature, and even in the first edition there are several references to \"creation\".", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 8, "title": "The Kingdom of God Is Within You", "paragraph_text": "The Kingdom of God Is Within You (pre-reform Russian: ; post-reform ) is a non-fiction book written by Leo Tolstoy. A philosophical treatise, the book was first published in Germany in 1894 after being banned in his home country of Russia. It is the culmination of thirty years of Tolstoy's thinking, and lays out a new organization for society based on an interpretation of Christianity focusing on universal love.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Population and Development Review", "paragraph_text": "Population and Development Review is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Population Council. It was established in 1975 and the editor-in-chief is Landis MacKellar. The journal covers population studies, the relationships between population and economic, environmental, and social change, and related thinking on public policy. Content types are original research articles, commentaries, data and perspectives on statistics, archival documents on population issues, book reviews, and official documents from population agencies or related organizations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "The Kingdom of God Is Within You", "paragraph_text": "The Kingdom of God Is Within You (pre-reform Russian: Царство Божіе внутри васъ; post-reform Russian: Царство Божие внутри вас, tr. Tsárstvo Bózhiye vnutrí vas) is a non-fiction book written by Leo Tolstoy. A philosophical treatise, the book was first published in Germany in 1894 after being banned in his home country of Russia. It is the culmination of thirty years of Tolstoy's thinking, and lays out a new organization for society based on a literal Christian interpretation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Facial expression", "paragraph_text": "The universality hypothesis is the assumption that certain facial expressions and face - related acts / events are signals of specific emotions (happiness with laughter and smiling, sadness with tears, anger with a clenched jaw, fear with a grimace, surprise with raised eyebrows and wide eyes along with a slight retraction of the ears, and disgust with a wrinkled nose and squinted eyes -- emotions which frequently lack the social component of those like shame, pride, jealousy, envy, deferance, etc.) and are recognized by people regardless of culture, language, or time. The belief in the evolutionary basis of these kinds of facial expressions can be traced back to Darwin's The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals. Reviews of the universality hypothesis have been both supportive and critical. Work in 2013 by Nelson and Russell and Jack et al. has been especially critical.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Cold shoulder", "paragraph_text": "``Cold shoulder ''is a phrase used to express dismissal or the act of disregarding someone. Its origin is attributed to Sir Walter Scott in a work published in 1816, which is in fact a mistranslation of an expression from the Vulgate Bible. There is also a commonly repeated incorrect folk etymology.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Crucifixion of Jesus", "paragraph_text": "The only words of Jesus on the cross in the Mark and Matthew accounts, this is a quotation of Psalm 22. Since other verses of the same Psalm are cited in the crucifixion accounts, it is often considered a literary and theological creation. Geza Vermes, however, points out that the verse is cited in Aramaic rather than the Hebrew in which it usually would have been recited, and suggests that by the time of Jesus, this phrase had become a proverbial saying in common usage. Compared to the accounts in the other Gospels, which he describes as 'theologically correct and reassuring', he considers this phrase 'unexpected, disquieting and in consequence more probable'. He describes it as bearing 'all the appearances of a genuine cry'. Raymond Brown likewise comments that he finds 'no persuasive argument against attributing to the Jesus of Mark/Matt the literal sentiment of feeling forsaken expressed in the Psalm quote'.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Kenneth Wolstenholme", "paragraph_text": "Kenneth Wolstenholme, DFC & Bar (17 July 1920 -- 25 March 2002) was an English football commentator for BBC television in the 1950s and 1960s. In the final moments of the 1966 FIFA World Cup, he said ``some people are on the pitch... they think it's all over... it is now! ''as Geoff Hurst scored England's fourth goal. The phrase became part of British popular culture.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Pain", "paragraph_text": "When a person is non-verbal and cannot self-report pain, observation becomes critical, and specific behaviors can be monitored as pain indicators. Behaviors such as facial grimacing and guarding indicate pain, as well as an increase or decrease in vocalizations, changes in routine behavior patterns and mental status changes. Patients experiencing pain may exhibit withdrawn social behavior and possibly experience a decreased appetite and decreased nutritional intake. A change in condition that deviates from baseline such as moaning with movement or when manipulating a body part, and limited range of motion are also potential pain indicators. In patients who possess language but are incapable of expressing themselves effectively, such as those with dementia, an increase in confusion or display of aggressive behaviors or agitation may signal that discomfort exists, and further assessment is necessary.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "No worries", "paragraph_text": "Early documentation dates the phrase back to 1966. According to author of When Cultures Collide: Leading Across Cultures, Richard D. Lewis, the phrase is a form of expression of the relaxed attitude in Australian culture. Anna Wierzbicka comments that the expression illustrates important parts of Australian culture, including: ``amiability, friendliness, an expectation of shared attitudes (a proneness to easy 'mateship'), jocular toughness, good humour, and, above all, casual optimism ''. She concludes that along with`` good on you'', the expressions reflect the ``national character ''and`` prevailing ethos'' of Australia. Though initially utilized in Australia, the phrase migrated to New Zealand as well.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "YouTube", "paragraph_text": "On November 6, 2013, Google implemented a new comment system that requires all YouTube users to use a Google+ account in order to comment on videos and making the comment system Google+ oriented. The changes are in large part an attempt to address the frequent criticisms of the quality and tone of YouTube comments. They give creators more power to moderate and block comments, and add new sorting mechanisms to ensure that better, more relevant discussions appear at the top. The new system restored the ability to include URLs in comments, which had previously been removed due to problems with abuse. In response, YouTube co-founder Jawed Karim posted the question \"why the fuck do I need a google+ account to comment on a video?\" on his YouTube channel to express his negative opinion of the change. The official YouTube announcement received 20,097 \"thumbs down\" votes and generated more than 32,000 comments in two days. Writing in the Newsday blog Silicon Island, Chase Melvin noted that \"Google+ is nowhere near as popular a social media network as Facebook, but it's essentially being forced upon millions of YouTube users who don't want to lose their ability to comment on videos\" and \"Discussion forums across the Internet are already bursting with outcry against the new comment system\". In the same article Melvin goes on to say:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Elaine Howard Ecklund", "paragraph_text": "Elaine Howard Ecklund is the Herbert S. Autrey Chair in Social Sciences and Professor of Sociology in the Rice University Department of Sociology, director of the Religion and Public Life Program in Rice's Social Sciences Research Institute, and a Rice Scholar at the James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy. She is also a Faculty Affiliate in the Rice Department of Religion. Ecklund received a B.S. in Human Development and an M.A. and Ph.D. in Sociology from Cornell University. Her research focuses on institutional change in the areas of religion, immigration, science, medicine, and gender. She has authored numerous research articles, as well as four books with Oxford University Press and a book with New York University Press. Her latest book is Secularity and Science: What Scientists Around the World Really Think About Religion (Oxford University Press, 2019).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "To Kill a Mockingbird", "paragraph_text": "Not all reviewers were enthusiastic. Some lamented the use of poor white Southerners, and one-dimensional black victims, and Granville Hicks labeled the book \"melodramatic and contrived\". When the book was first released, Southern writer Flannery O'Connor commented, \"I think for a child's book it does all right. It's interesting that all the folks that are buying it don't know they're reading a child's book. Somebody ought to say what it is.\" Carson McCullers apparently agreed with the Time magazine review, writing to a cousin: \"Well, honey, one thing we know is that she's been poaching on my literary preserves.\"", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 64591, "question": "who was the first researcher to suggest that facial expressions are pre-verbal", "answer": "Darwin", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 }, { "id": 24815, "question": "What did some commentators think about #1 changing the phrasing in his book?", "answer": "some commentators have taken this as a concession to religion that Darwin later regretted", "paragraph_support_idx": 7 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Red", "paragraph_text": "\"So he carried me away in the spirit into the wilderness: and I saw a woman sit upon a scarlet coloured beast, full of names of blasphemy, having seven heads and ten horns. \"And the woman was arrayed in purple and scarlet colour, and decked with gold and precious stones and pearls, having a golden cup in her hand full of abominations and filthiness of her fornication: \"And upon her forehead was a name written a mystery: Babylon the Great, the Mother of Harlots and of all the abominations of the earth: And I saw the woman drunken with the blood of the saints, and with the blood of the martyrs of Jesus.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Flowering plant", "paragraph_text": "Island genetics provides one proposed explanation for the sudden, fully developed appearance of flowering plants. Island genetics is believed to be a common source of speciation in general, especially when it comes to radical adaptations that seem to have required inferior transitional forms. Flowering plants may have evolved in an isolated setting like an island or island chain, where the plants bearing them were able to develop a highly specialized relationship with some specific animal (a wasp, for example). Such a relationship, with a hypothetical wasp carrying pollen from one plant to another much the way fig wasps do today, could result in the development of a high degree of specialization in both the plant(s) and their partners. Note that the wasp example is not incidental; bees, which, it is postulated, evolved specifically due to mutualistic plant relationships, are descended from wasps.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Animal Liberation (book)", "paragraph_text": "Animal Liberation: A New Ethics for Our Treatment of Animals is a 1975 book by Australian philosopher Peter Singer. It is widely considered within the animal liberation movement to be the founding philosophical statement of its ideas. Singer himself rejected the use of the theoretical framework of rights when it comes to human and nonhuman animals. Following Jeremy Bentham, Singer argued that the interests of animals should be considered because of their ability to experience suffering and that the idea of rights was not necessary in order to consider them. His ethical ideas fall under the umbrella of biocentrism. He popularized the term ``speciesism ''in the book, which had been coined by Richard D. Ryder to describe the exploitative treatment of animals.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "On the Origin of Species", "paragraph_text": "In the sixth edition Darwin inserted a new chapter VII (renumbering the subsequent chapters) to respond to criticisms of earlier editions, including the objection that many features of organisms were not adaptive and could not have been produced by natural selection. He said some such features could have been by-products of adaptive changes to other features, and that often features seemed non-adaptive because their function was unknown, as shown by his book on Fertilisation of Orchids that explained how their elaborate structures facilitated pollination by insects. Much of the chapter responds to George Jackson Mivart's criticisms, including his claim that features such as baleen filters in whales, flatfish with both eyes on one side and the camouflage of stick insects could not have evolved through natural selection because intermediate stages would not have been adaptive. Darwin proposed scenarios for the incremental evolution of each feature.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "On the Origin of Species", "paragraph_text": "In January 1871, George Jackson Mivart's On the Genesis of Species listed detailed arguments against natural selection, and claimed it included false metaphysics. Darwin made extensive revisions to the sixth edition of the Origin (this was the first edition in which he used the word \"evolution\" which had commonly been associated with embryological development, though all editions concluded with the word \"evolved\"), and added a new chapter VII, Miscellaneous objections, to address Mivart's arguments.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change", "paragraph_text": "In February 2010, in response to controversies regarding claims in the Fourth Assessment Report, five climate scientists – all contributing or lead IPCC report authors – wrote in the journal Nature calling for changes to the IPCC. They suggested a range of new organizational options, from tightening the selection of lead authors and contributors, to dumping it in favor of a small permanent body, or even turning the whole climate science assessment process into a moderated \"living\" Wikipedia-IPCC. Other recommendations included that the panel employ a full-time staff and remove government oversight from its processes to avoid political interference.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "On the Origin of Species", "paragraph_text": "There were serious scientific objections to the process of natural selection as the key mechanism of evolution, including Karl von Nägeli's insistence that a trivial characteristic with no adaptive advantage could not be developed by selection. Darwin conceded that these could be linked to adaptive characteristics. His estimate that the age of the Earth allowed gradual evolution was disputed by William Thomson (later awarded the title Lord Kelvin), who calculated that it had cooled in less than 100 million years. Darwin accepted blending inheritance, but Fleeming Jenkin calculated that as it mixed traits, natural selection could not accumulate useful traits. Darwin tried to meet these objections in the 5th edition. Mivart supported directed evolution, and compiled scientific and religious objections to natural selection. In response, Darwin made considerable changes to the sixth edition. The problems of the age of the Earth and heredity were only resolved in the 20th century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "History of evolutionary thought", "paragraph_text": "In 1858 Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace published a new evolutionary theory, explained in detail in Darwin's On the Origin of Species (1859). Unlike Lamarck, Darwin proposed common descent and a branching tree of life, meaning that two very different species could share a common ancestor. Darwin based his theory on the idea of natural selection: it synthesized a broad range of evidence from animal husbandry, biogeography, geology, morphology, and embryology. Debate over Darwin's work led to the rapid acceptance of the general concept of evolution, but the specific mechanism he proposed, natural selection, was not widely accepted until it was revived by developments in biology that occurred during the 1920s through the 1940s. Before that time most biologists regarded other factors as responsible for evolution. Alternatives to natural selection suggested during ``the eclipse of Darwinism ''(c. 1880 to 1920) included inheritance of acquired characteristics (neo-Lamarckism), an innate drive for change (orthogenesis), and sudden large mutations (saltationism). Mendelian genetics, a series of 19th - century experiments with pea plant variations rediscovered in 1900, was integrated with natural selection by Ronald Fisher, J.B.S. Haldane, and Sewall Wright during the 1910s to 1930s, and resulted in the founding of the new discipline of population genetics. During the 1930s and 1940s population genetics became integrated with other biological fields, resulting in a widely applicable theory of evolution that encompassed much of biology -- the modern synthesis.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Gene", "paragraph_text": "Genes can acquire mutations in their sequence, leading to different variants, known as alleles, in the population. These alleles encode slightly different versions of a protein, which cause different phenotype traits. Colloquial usage of the term \"having a gene\" (e.g., \"good genes,\" \"hair colour gene\") typically refers to having a different allele of the gene. Genes evolve due to natural selection or survival of the fittest of the alleles.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Flowering plant", "paragraph_text": "The evolution of seed plants and later angiosperms appears to be the result of two distinct rounds of whole genome duplication events. These occurred at 319 million years ago and 192 million years ago. Another possible whole genome duplication event at 160 million years ago perhaps created the ancestral line that led to all modern flowering plants. That event was studied by sequencing the genome of an ancient flowering plant, Amborella trichopoda, and directly addresses Darwin's \"abominable mystery.\"", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Sociological imagination", "paragraph_text": "The term sociological imagination was coined by the American sociologist C. Wright Mills in 1959 to describe the type of insight offered by the discipline of sociology. The term is used in introductory textbooks in sociology to explain the nature of sociology and its relevance in daily life.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Animal Liberation (book)", "paragraph_text": "Animal Liberation: A New Ethics for Our Treatment of Animals is a 1975 book by Australian philosopher Peter Singer. It is widely considered within the animal liberation movement to be the founding philosophical statement of its ideas. Singer himself rejected the use of the theoretical framework of rights when it comes to human and nonhuman animals. Following Jeremy Bentham, Singer argued that the interests of animals should be considered because of their ability to experience suffering and that the idea of rights was not necessary in order to consider them. He popularized the term \"speciesism\" in the book, which had been coined by Richard D. Ryder to describe the exploitative treatment of animals.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "On the Origin of Species", "paragraph_text": "Evolution had less obvious applications to anatomy and morphology, and at first had little impact on the research of the anatomist Thomas Henry Huxley. Despite this, Huxley strongly supported Darwin on evolution; though he called for experiments to show whether natural selection could form new species, and questioned if Darwin's gradualism was sufficient without sudden leaps to cause speciation. Huxley wanted science to be secular, without religious interference, and his article in the April 1860 Westminster Review promoted scientific naturalism over natural theology, praising Darwin for \"extending the domination of Science over regions of thought into which she has, as yet, hardly penetrated\" and coining the term \"Darwinism\" as part of his efforts to secularise and professionalise science. Huxley gained influence, and initiated the X Club, which used the journal Nature to promote evolution and naturalism, shaping much of late Victorian science. Later, the German morphologist Ernst Haeckel would convince Huxley that comparative anatomy and palaeontology could be used to reconstruct evolutionary genealogies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Empiricism", "paragraph_text": "Around the beginning of the 20th century, William James (1842–1910) coined the term \"radical empiricism\" to describe an offshoot of his form of pragmatism, which he argued could be dealt with separately from his pragmatism – though in fact the two concepts are intertwined in James's published lectures. James maintained that the empirically observed \"directly apprehended universe needs ... no extraneous trans-empirical connective support\", by which he meant to rule out the perception that there can be any value added by seeking supernatural explanations for natural phenomena. James's \"radical empiricism\" is thus not radical in the context of the term \"empiricism\", but is instead fairly consistent with the modern use of the term \"empirical\". (His method of argument in arriving at this view, however, still readily encounters debate within philosophy even today.)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine", "paragraph_text": "The journal is issued six times a year and contains clinical articles from all medical disciplines. In January 2007, John Wiley & Sons assumed publishing responsibilities and re-launched the journal as \"Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine: A Journal of Translational and Personalized Medicine\", the focus being on the evolving nature of clinical care.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Natural selection", "paragraph_text": "Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype. It is a key mechanism of evolution, the change in heritable traits of a population over time. Charles Darwin popularised the term ``natural selection '', and compared it with artificial selection.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "United States dollar", "paragraph_text": "In February 2007, the U.S. Mint, under the Presidential $1 Coin Act of 2005, introduced a new $1 U.S. Presidential dollar coin. Based on the success of the \"50 State Quarters\" series, the new coin features a sequence of presidents in order of their inaugurations, starting with George Washington, on the obverse side. The reverse side features the Statue of Liberty. To allow for larger, more detailed portraits, the traditional inscriptions of \"E Pluribus Unum\", \"In God We Trust\", the year of minting or issuance, and the mint mark will be inscribed on the edge of the coin instead of the face. This feature, similar to the edge inscriptions seen on the British £1 coin, is not usually associated with U.S. coin designs. The inscription \"Liberty\" has been eliminated, with the Statue of Liberty serving as a sufficient replacement. In addition, due to the nature of U.S. coins, this will be the first time there will be circulating U.S. coins of different denominations with the same president featured on the obverse (heads) side (Lincoln/penny, Jefferson/nickel, Franklin D. Roosevelt/dime, Washington/quarter, Kennedy/half dollar, and Eisenhower/dollar). Another unusual fact about the new $1 coin is Grover Cleveland will have two coins with his portrait issued due to the fact he was the only U.S. President to be elected to two non-consecutive terms.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Natural selection", "paragraph_text": "Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype. It is a key mechanism of evolution, the change in the heritable traits characteristic of a population over generations. Charles Darwin popularised the term ``natural selection '', contrasting it with artificial selection, which is intentional, whereas natural selection is not.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Of Mice and Men in popular culture", "paragraph_text": "Theatrical cartoon shorts of the 1940s and 1950s, particularly the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies cartoons released by Warner Bros., are awash with Of Mice and Men parodies. The reference most often appears in the form of one character asking another, à la Lennie, ``Which way did he go, George; which way did he go? '', such as the episodes Hiawatha's Rabbit Hunt or Falling Hare. The other popular reference draws on Lennie's love of soft furry animals and his underestimation of his strength. In The Abominable Snow Rabbit (1961), the abominable snowman grabs Bugs Bunny and Daffy Duck saying,`` I will name him George, and I will hug him, and pet him, and squeeze him'' with Mel Blanc doing an unmistakable imitation of Lon Chaney, Jr.'s Lennie. This material was re-used in Spaced Out Bunny (1980), the last Warner Bros. cartoon in which Bugs Bunny was voiced by Mel Blanc.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "On the Origin of Species", "paragraph_text": "Darwin was hard at work on his \"big book\" on Natural Selection, when on 18 June 1858 he received a parcel from Wallace, who stayed on the Maluku Islands (Ternate and Gilolo). It enclosed twenty pages describing an evolutionary mechanism, a response to Darwin's recent encouragement, with a request to send it on to Lyell if Darwin thought it worthwhile. The mechanism was similar to Darwin's own theory. Darwin wrote to Lyell that \"your words have come true with a vengeance, ... forestalled\" and he would \"of course, at once write and offer to send [it] to any journal\" that Wallace chose, adding that \"all my originality, whatever it may amount to, will be smashed\". Lyell and Hooker agreed that a joint publication putting together Wallace's pages with extracts from Darwin's 1844 Essay and his 1857 letter to Gray should be presented at the Linnean Society, and on 1 July 1858, the papers entitled On the Tendency of Species to form Varieties; and on the Perpetuation of Varieties and Species by Natural Means of Selection, by Wallace and Darwin respectively, were read out but drew little reaction. While Darwin considered Wallace's idea to be identical to his concept of natural selection, historians have pointed out differences. Darwin described natural selection as being analogous to the artificial selection practised by animal breeders, and emphasised competition between individuals; Wallace drew no comparison to selective breeding, and focused on ecological pressures that kept different varieties adapted to local conditions. Some historians have suggested that Wallace was actually discussing group selection rather than selection acting on individual variation.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 33443, "question": "Who coined the term \"abominable mystery\"?", "answer": "Darwin", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 }, { "id": 24792, "question": "What was #1 's response to the claims that certain animals could not have evolved through natural selection?", "answer": "Darwin proposed scenarios for the incremental evolution of each feature.", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Banka Banka Station", "paragraph_text": "Banka Banka Station is a location in the Northern Territory of Australia, 100 kilometres north of Tennant Creek along the Stuart Highway. The historic cattle station was the first operational pastoral lease in this region, and a supply camp during World War II, providing meat, eggs, fruits and vegetables. It was occupied and run by the Ward family and is still the site of a mudbrick homestead.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "YMCA", "paragraph_text": "In the United States, the YMCA exists as a national resource entity (named YMCA of the USA and denoted as Y - USA) plus about 2,700 separate local YMCA entities. The local entities ``engage ''about 21 million men, women and children, and seek to`` nurture the potential of children and teens, improve the nation's health and well - being and provide opportunities to give back and support neighbors.''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "New Britain naked-backed fruit bat", "paragraph_text": "The New Britain naked-backed fruit bat (\"Dobsonia praedatrix\") is a species of megabat in the family Pteropodidae. It is endemic to New Britain island in northern Papua New Guinea.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Oakland County International Airport", "paragraph_text": "Oakland County International Airport is a county-owned public-use airport located in Waterford Township, Oakland County, Michigan, United States. The airport is located approximately 1 mile from the center of Waterford Township and Oakland County. It is included in the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2017–2021, in which it is categorized as a non primary commercial service facility.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Khabarovsky District", "paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Andrade", "paragraph_text": "Andrade is a surname of Galician origin, which emerged in the 12th century as the family name of the knights and lords of the small parish of San Martiño de Andrade (St. Martin of Andrade, into the council of Pontedeume). The first mention of this small territory, is to be found in the documentation of the monastery of Caaveiro (located just 18km away), and belong chronologically to the 9th century. It was part of the region of Pruzos, which was created as an administrative and ecclesiastical territory of Kingdom of Galicia in the sixth century by the King: Teodomiro (559 - 570), through a document written in Latin called: Parrochiale suevum, Parochiale suevorum or Theodomiri Divisio. From the 12th century Pruzos, and therefore Andrade, were integrated into the county of Trastámara that belonged to the lineage Traba, the most powerful Galician family. By this same time the family group: Fortúnez, begins to unite their names Andrade as surname, since in this parish their family home was located. The knights of Andrade were faithful vassals of their lords the Counts of Trastámara throughout the middle centuries of the Middle Ages.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Novhorod-Siverskyi Raion", "paragraph_text": "Novhorod-Siverskyi Raion () is a raion (district) of Chernihiv Oblast, northern Ukraine. Its administrative centre is located at Novhorod-Siverskyi which is incorporated as a city of oblast significance and does not belong to the raion. Population:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Khmilnyk Raion", "paragraph_text": "Khmilnyk Raion () is one of the 33 regions of Vinnytsia Oblast, located in southwestern Ukraine. The administrative center of the raion is the city of Khmilnyk, which does not belong to the district and is incorporated separately as a town of oblast significance. Population:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Cuban flower bat", "paragraph_text": "The Cuban flower bat (\"Phyllonycteris poeyi\"), also called Poey's flower bat, is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Cuba, Haiti and the Dominican Republic.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Bogotá", "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Alpandeire, Spain", "paragraph_text": "Alpandeire is a Spanish municipality and village located in the Ronda area, near the peak of Jarestepar, (1,421 metres high), and surrounded by rugged scenery. A number of streams run through its territory. The municipality belongs to Málaga province, in the autonomous community of Andalusia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Leschenault's rousette", "paragraph_text": "Leschenault's rousette (\"Rousettus leschenaultii\") is a species of fruit bat. The scientific name of the species was first published by Desmarest in 1820.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Alcantarilla", "paragraph_text": "The town is part of a low-lying fertile plain rich in gardens, orchards and citrus fruits, known as the \"Huerta\", which includes the valleys of the river Segura and its right-hand tributary the Guadalentín or river Sangonera and is surrounded by mountains. The Huerta belongs mainly to the large administrative authority of the city of Murcia but it also includes other small municipalities (Alcantarilla, Beniel y Santomera) that could not be omitted from the Huerta's framework either functionally or visually.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Mehely's horseshoe bat", "paragraph_text": "Mehely's horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus mehelyi) is a species of bat in the family Rhinolophidae found in southern Europe and parts of the Middle East.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Tulita Airport", "paragraph_text": "Tulita Airport is located adjacent to Tulita, Northwest Territories, Canada. The hours of operation is Monday to Friday from 9am to 5pm local time. The airport does operate outside of its operational hours when responding to MEDIVAC (air ambulance) call out.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Sloviansk Raion", "paragraph_text": "Sloviansk Raion () is one of the 18 districts of Donetsk Oblast, located in southeastern Ukraine. The administrative center of the district is the city of Sloviansk, which is separately incorporated as a city of oblast significance and does not belong to the raion. Population: .", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Pavlohrad Raion", "paragraph_text": "Pavlohrad Raion () is a raion (district) of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, southeastern-central Ukraine. Its administrative centre is located at Pavlohrad, which is separately incorporated as a town of oblast significance and does not belong to the district. Population: .", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Hoskins Airport", "paragraph_text": "Hoskins Airport is an airport in Hoskins (on the island of New Britain) in Papua New Guinea. The airport serves Kimbe - the capital of West New Britain province. Mount Pago is 16 km from the airport.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Seri's sheath-tailed bat", "paragraph_text": "Seri's sheath-tailed bat (\"Emballonura serii\") is a species of sac-winged bat in the family Emballonuridae. It is found in the Bismarck Archipelago (Papua New Guinea) and Yapen Island (Indonesia). Its natural habitat is caves.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Sachs Harbour (David Nasogaluak Jr. Saaryuaq) Airport", "paragraph_text": "Sachs Harbour (David Nasogaluak Jr. Saaryuaq) Airport is located at Sachs Harbour, Northwest Territories, Canada. Pilots will need to bring their own pump if they require 100LL fuel.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 361726, "question": "Hoskins Airport >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "answer": "New Britain", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 }, { "id": 141649, "question": "What family does #1 naked-backed fruit bat belong?", "answer": "Dobsonia", "paragraph_support_idx": 2 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Kyrgyzstan Airlines", "paragraph_text": "JSC National Air Carrier \"Kyrgyzstan Airlines\" () was the national airline of Kyrgyzstan, with its head office on the grounds of Manas International Airport in Bishkek. It operated scheduled international and domestic services, as well as charter flights. Its main base was Manas International Airport, with a hub at Osh Airport.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Buraq Air", "paragraph_text": "Buraq Air (El-Buraq Air Transport Inc) is an airline with its headquarters on the grounds of Mitiga International Airport in Tripoli, Libya. It operates scheduled domestic and international services to Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. Buraq also operates passenger and cargo charter services and flights in support of CHC. Until recently, the airline's hub was Mitiga Airport, which, although smaller than Tripoli International Airport, is much closer to the city centre of Tripoli. Its new hub is Tripoli International.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "America West Express", "paragraph_text": "Mesa Airlines operated America West Express from hubs at Sky Harbor International Airport in Phoenix, Arizona, McCarran International Airport in Las Vegas, Nevada, and Los Angeles International Airport in Los Angeles, California to regional destinations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Miami", "paragraph_text": "Miami International Airport serves as the primary international airport of the Greater Miami Area. One of the busiest international airports in the world, Miami International Airport caters to over 35 million passengers a year. The airport is a major hub and the single largest international gateway for American Airlines. Miami International is the busiest airport in Florida, and is the United States' second-largest international port of entry for foreign air passengers behind New York's John F. Kennedy International Airport, and is the seventh-largest such gateway in the world. The airport's extensive international route network includes non-stop flights to over seventy international cities in North and South America, Europe, Asia, and the Middle East.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Crimean War", "paragraph_text": "1853: There were four main events. 1. In the north the Turks captured the border fort of Saint Nicholas in a surprise night attack (27/28 October). They then pushed about 20000 troops across the Cholok River border. Being outnumbered the Russians abandoned Poti and Redut Kale and drew back to Marani. Both sides remained immobile for the next seven months. 2. In the center the Turks moved north from Ardahan to within cannon-shot of Akhaltsike and awaited reinforcements (13 November). The Russians routed them. The claimed losses were 4000 Turks and 400 Russians. 3. In the south about 30000 Turks slowly moved east to the main Russian concentration at Gyumri or Alexandropol (November). They crossed the border and set up artillery south of town. Prince Orbeliani tried to drive them off and found himself trapped. The Turks failed to press their advantage, the remaining Russians rescued Orbeliani and the Turks retired west. Orbeliani lost about 1000 men out of 5000. The Russians now decided to advance, the Turks took up a strong position on the Kars road and attacked. They were defeated in the battle of Başgedikler, losing 6000 men, half their artillery and all their supply train. The Russians lost 1300, including Prince Orbeliani. This was Prince Ellico Orbeliani whose wife was later kidnaped by Shamyl at Tsinandali. 4. At sea the Turks sent a fleet east which was destroyed by Admiral Nakhimov at Sinope.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Mahikeng Airport", "paragraph_text": "Mahikeng Airport or Mmabatho Airport is an airport serving Mahikeng and Mmabatho, the current and former capital cities of the North West province in South Africa. The airport is widely known as Mafikeng Airport after Mahikeng's former name. The airport is managed by the North West Province Department of Transport and Roads. The airport is a former air force base of the Boputhatswana Defence Force and was previously classified as an international airport. As of 2014, discussions and construction was in progress in order for the airport to regain its status as an international airport.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Shirak Airport", "paragraph_text": "Shirak Airport (, is an international airport serving Gyumri and the province of Shirak, Armenia. It is located about 5 km from the center of Gyumri. The airport was inaugurated in 1961, and is the second largest airport in the country, after Yerevan's Zvartnots International Airport.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Roxas Airport", "paragraph_text": "Roxas Airport (Hiligaynon: \"Hulugpaan sang Roxas\", Tagalog: \"Paliparan ng Roxas\") is an airport serving the general area of Roxas City, the capital of the province of Capiz, in the Philippines. The airport is classified as a Class 1 principal airport, by the Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines, a body of the Department of Transportation that is responsible for the operations of not only this airport but also of all other airports in the Philippines except the major international airports.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "London", "paragraph_text": "London is a major international air transport hub with the busiest city airspace in the world. Eight airports use the word London in their name, but most traffic passes through six of these. London Heathrow Airport, in Hillingdon, West London, is the busiest airport in the world for international traffic, and is the major hub of the nation's flag carrier, British Airways. In March 2008 its fifth terminal was opened. There were plans for a third runway and a sixth terminal; however, these were cancelled by the Coalition Government on 12 May 2010.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Sam Mbakwe Airport", "paragraph_text": "Sam Mbakwe International Cargo Airport (IATA: QOW, ICAO: DNIM), also known as Imo State Airport, serves Owerri, the capital city of Imo State in southeastern Nigeria. Owerri is one of the fastest growing, developing cities after Lagos and Abuja in Nigeria. Other cities served by the airport are, the commercial city of Onitsha, automobile and manufacturing city of Nnewi in Anambra State, the industrial hub of Aba, Umuahia and Arochukwu in Abia State. Others are Okigwe, Oguta, and Orlu business districts in Imo State. The airport also serves some parts of Akwa Ibom and Cross River States in the South South part of Nigeria.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Korean Air", "paragraph_text": "Korean Air's international passenger division and related subsidiary cargo division together serve 127 cities in 44 countries, while its domestic division serves 12 destinations. It is among the top 20 airlines in the world in terms of passengers carried and is also the top-ranked international cargo airline. Incheon International Airport serves as Korean Air's international hub. Korean Air also maintains a satellite headquarters campus at Incheon. The majority of Korean Air's pilots, ground staff, and flight attendants are based in Seoul.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Paris", "paragraph_text": "Paris is a major international air transport hub with the 4th busiest airport system in the world. The city is served by three commercial international airports: Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Paris-Orly and Beauvais-Tillé. Together these three airports recorded traffic of 96.5 million passengers in 2014. There is also one general aviation airport, Paris-Le Bourget, historically the oldest Parisian airport and closest to the city centre, which is now used only for private business flights and air shows.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Winnipeg James Armstrong Richardson International Airport", "paragraph_text": "Winnipeg James Armstrong Richardson International Airport (commonly known as Winnipeg International Airport or simply Winnipeg Airport) is an international airport located in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. It is the seventh busiest airport in Canada by passenger traffic, serving 4,305,744 passengers in 2017, and the 11th busiest airport by aircraft movements. It is a hub for passenger airlines Calm Air, Perimeter Airlines, Flair Airlines, and cargo airline Cargojet. It is also a focus city for WestJet. The airport is co-located with Canadian Forces Base Winnipeg.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Toronto Pearson International Airport", "paragraph_text": "Toronto Pearson is located 22.5 kilometres (14.0 mi) northwest of Downtown Toronto, with the majority of the airport situated in the city of Mississauga, and a small portion of the airfield extending into Toronto's western district of Etobicoke. It features five runways and two passenger terminals along with numerous cargo and maintenance facilities on a site that covers 1,867 hectares (4,613 acres).Pearson Airport is the primary hub for Air Canada. It also serves as a hub for WestJet, cargo airline FedEx Express and as a base of operations for Air Transat and Sunwing Airlines. Pearson is operated by the Greater Toronto Airports Authority (GTAA) as part of Transport Canada's National Airports System, and is the largest airport in the world with facilities for United States border preclearance.An extensive network of non-stop domestic flights is operated from Toronto Pearson by several airlines to all major and many secondary cities across all provinces of Canada. As of 2019, over 75 airlines operate around 1,250 daily departures from the airport to more than 180 destinations across all six of the world's inhabited continents.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Bluebird Nordic", "paragraph_text": "Bluebird Nordic is a cargo airline based in Reykjavík, Iceland, operating scheduled and chartered cargo services to and from Iceland and within Europe out of its base at Keflavík International Airport, with a special focus on Liège Airport as a freight hub.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Malta International Airport", "paragraph_text": "Malta International Airport (Maltese: Ajruport Internazzjonali ta 'Malta, IATA: MLA, ICAO: LMML) is the only airport in Malta and it serves the whole of the Maltese Islands. It is located on island of Malta, between Luqa and Gudja, and occupies the location of the former RAF Luqa. It was completely refurbished, becoming fully operational on 25 March 1992. It is still referred to by locals as Luqa Airport, and sometimes as Valletta Airport internationally, as it is located 5 km (3.1 mi) southwest of the Maltese capital Valletta. The airport serves as the main hub for Air Malta and a base for Ryanair. It is also home to the Area Control Center and hosts the annual Malta Airshow, visited by military and civil aircraft from various countries. The airport is operated by Malta International Airport plc.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Airport", "paragraph_text": "Many large airports are located near railway trunk routes for seamless connection of multimodal transport, for instance Frankfurt Airport, Amsterdam Airport Schiphol, London Heathrow Airport, London Gatwick Airport and London Stansted Airport. It is also common to connect an airport and a city with rapid transit, light rail lines or other non-road public transport systems. Some examples of this would include the AirTrain JFK at John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York, Link Light Rail that runs from the heart of downtown Seattle to Seattle–Tacoma International Airport, and the Silver Line T at Boston's Logan International Airport by the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA). Such a connection lowers risk of missed flights due to traffic congestion. Large airports usually have access also through controlled-access highways ('freeways' or 'motorways') from which motor vehicles enter either the departure loop or the arrival loop.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Kunming Changshui International Airport", "paragraph_text": "Kunming Changshui International Airport (IATA: KMG, ICAO: ZPPP) is the primary airport serving Kunming, the capital of Yunnan Province, China. The airport is located 24.5 km (15.2 mi) northeast of the city center in a graded mountainous area about 2,100 m (6,900 ft) above sea level. The airport opened at 08:00 (UTC+8) on June 28, 2012, replacing the old Kunming Wujiaba International Airport, which will be demolished. As a gateway to Southeast and South Asia, Changshui Airport is a hub for China Eastern Airlines, Kunming Airlines, Lucky Air, Sichuan Airlines and Ruili Airlines.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Lynden Pindling International Airport", "paragraph_text": "Lynden Pindling International Airport (IATA: NAS, ICAO: MYNN), formerly known as Nassau International Airport (1957 - 2006), is the largest airport in the Bahamas and the largest international gateway into the country. It is a major hub for Bahamasair and is located in western New Providence island near the capital city of Nassau.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Transportes Aéreos Guatemaltecos", "paragraph_text": "Transportes Aéreos Guatemaltecos (TAG) is a private passenger and cargo airline with its headquarters in Zone 13 of Guatemala City, and with its main hub at La Aurora International Airport. It was founded in 1969 in Guatemala City. In 1972 the airline added a Douglas DC-3 to its fleet, competing with the state-owned Aviateca.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 400723, "question": "Shirak International Airport >> place served by transport hub", "answer": "Gyumri", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 }, { "id": 22796, "question": "How many troops did the Turks send to #1 ?", "answer": "30000", "paragraph_support_idx": 4 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "List of longest-living organisms", "paragraph_text": "Jonathan, a Seychelles giant tortoise living on the island of Saint Helena, is reported to be about 184 years old, and may, therefore, be the oldest currently living terrestrial animal if the claim is true.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Eugene Blair", "paragraph_text": "Chief Machinist's Mate Eugene Blair (Tremont, Virginia, April 26, 1908–Darwin, Australia, February 19, 1942) was a United States Navy sailor of World War II who had a ship named for him.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "On the Origin of Species", "paragraph_text": "In January 1871, George Jackson Mivart's On the Genesis of Species listed detailed arguments against natural selection, and claimed it included false metaphysics. Darwin made extensive revisions to the sixth edition of the Origin (this was the first edition in which he used the word \"evolution\" which had commonly been associated with embryological development, though all editions concluded with the word \"evolved\"), and added a new chapter VII, Miscellaneous objections, to address Mivart's arguments.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 2018", "paragraph_text": "Eurovision Song Contest 2018 Country United Kingdom National selection Selection process Eurovision: You Decide Selection date (s) 7 February 2018 Selected entrant SuRie Selected song ``Storm ''Selected songwriter (s) Nicole Blair Gil Lewis Sean Hargreaves Finals performance Final result 24th, 48 points United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest ◄ 2017 2018", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "George Orwell", "paragraph_text": "David Astor lived in Sutton Courtenay, Oxfordshire, and arranged for Orwell to be interred in the churchyard of All Saints' there. Orwell's gravestone bears the simple epitaph: \"Here lies Eric Arthur Blair, born June 25th 1903, died January 21st 1950\"; no mention is made on the gravestone of his more famous pen name.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Prime number", "paragraph_text": "The evolutionary strategy used by cicadas of the genus Magicicada make use of prime numbers. These insects spend most of their lives as grubs underground. They only pupate and then emerge from their burrows after 7, 13 or 17 years, at which point they fly about, breed, and then die after a few weeks at most. The logic for this is believed to be that the prime number intervals between emergences make it very difficult for predators to evolve that could specialize as predators on Magicicadas. If Magicicadas appeared at a non-prime number intervals, say every 12 years, then predators appearing every 2, 3, 4, 6, or 12 years would be sure to meet them. Over a 200-year period, average predator populations during hypothetical outbreaks of 14- and 15-year cicadas would be up to 2% higher than during outbreaks of 13- and 17-year cicadas. Though small, this advantage appears to have been enough to drive natural selection in favour of a prime-numbered life-cycle for these insects.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "On the Origin of Species", "paragraph_text": "On the Origin of Species (or, more completely, On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life), published on 24 November 1859, is a work of scientific literature by Charles Darwin which is considered to be the foundation of evolutionary biology. Darwin's book introduced the scientific theory that populations evolve over the course of generations through a process of natural selection. It presented a body of evidence that the diversity of life arose by common descent through a branching pattern of evolution. Darwin included evidence that he had gathered on the \"Beagle\" expedition in the 1830s and his subsequent findings from research, correspondence, and experimentation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Gore Vidal", "paragraph_text": "Eugene Louis Vidal was born in the cadet hospital of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, New York, the only child of Eugene Luther Vidal (1895–1969) and Nina S. Gore (1903–1978). Vidal was born there because his first lieutenant father was the first aeronautics instructor of the military academy. The middle name, Louis, was a mistake on the part of his father, \"who could not remember, for certain, whether his own name was Eugene Louis or Eugene Luther\". In the memoir \"Palimpsest\" (1995), Vidal said, \"My birth certificate says 'Eugene Louis Vidal': this was changed to Eugene Luther Vidal Jr.; then Gore was added at my christening [in 1939]; then, at fourteen, I got rid of the first two names.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "On the Origin of Species", "paragraph_text": "In the sixth edition Darwin inserted a new chapter VII (renumbering the subsequent chapters) to respond to criticisms of earlier editions, including the objection that many features of organisms were not adaptive and could not have been produced by natural selection. He said some such features could have been by-products of adaptive changes to other features, and that often features seemed non-adaptive because their function was unknown, as shown by his book on Fertilisation of Orchids that explained how their elaborate structures facilitated pollination by insects. Much of the chapter responds to George Jackson Mivart's criticisms, including his claim that features such as baleen filters in whales, flatfish with both eyes on one side and the camouflage of stick insects could not have evolved through natural selection because intermediate stages would not have been adaptive. Darwin proposed scenarios for the incremental evolution of each feature.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Natural selection", "paragraph_text": "Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype. It is a key mechanism of evolution, the change in the heritable traits characteristic of a population over generations. Charles Darwin popularised the term ``natural selection '', contrasting it with artificial selection, which is intentional, whereas natural selection is not.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine", "paragraph_text": "The journal is issued six times a year and contains clinical articles from all medical disciplines. In January 2007, John Wiley & Sons assumed publishing responsibilities and re-launched the journal as \"Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine: A Journal of Translational and Personalized Medicine\", the focus being on the evolving nature of clinical care.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "On the Origin of Species", "paragraph_text": "There were serious scientific objections to the process of natural selection as the key mechanism of evolution, including Karl von Nägeli's insistence that a trivial characteristic with no adaptive advantage could not be developed by selection. Darwin conceded that these could be linked to adaptive characteristics. His estimate that the age of the Earth allowed gradual evolution was disputed by William Thomson (later awarded the title Lord Kelvin), who calculated that it had cooled in less than 100 million years. Darwin accepted blending inheritance, but Fleeming Jenkin calculated that as it mixed traits, natural selection could not accumulate useful traits. Darwin tried to meet these objections in the 5th edition. Mivart supported directed evolution, and compiled scientific and religious objections to natural selection. In response, Darwin made considerable changes to the sixth edition. The problems of the age of the Earth and heredity were only resolved in the 20th century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Dog", "paragraph_text": "While all dogs are genetically very similar, natural selection and selective breeding have reinforced certain characteristics in certain populations of dogs, giving rise to dog types and dog breeds. Dog types are broad categories based on function, genetics, or characteristics. Dog breeds are groups of animals that possess a set of inherited characteristics that distinguishes them from other animals within the same species. Modern dog breeds are non-scientific classifications of dogs kept by modern kennel clubs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "History of evolutionary thought", "paragraph_text": "In 1858 Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace published a new evolutionary theory, explained in detail in Darwin's On the Origin of Species (1859). Unlike Lamarck, Darwin proposed common descent and a branching tree of life, meaning that two very different species could share a common ancestor. Darwin based his theory on the idea of natural selection: it synthesized a broad range of evidence from animal husbandry, biogeography, geology, morphology, and embryology. Debate over Darwin's work led to the rapid acceptance of the general concept of evolution, but the specific mechanism he proposed, natural selection, was not widely accepted until it was revived by developments in biology that occurred during the 1920s through the 1940s. Before that time most biologists regarded other factors as responsible for evolution. Alternatives to natural selection suggested during ``the eclipse of Darwinism ''(c. 1880 to 1920) included inheritance of acquired characteristics (neo-Lamarckism), an innate drive for change (orthogenesis), and sudden large mutations (saltationism). Mendelian genetics, a series of 19th - century experiments with pea plant variations rediscovered in 1900, was integrated with natural selection by Ronald Fisher, J.B.S. Haldane, and Sewall Wright during the 1910s to 1930s, and resulted in the founding of the new discipline of population genetics. During the 1930s and 1940s population genetics became integrated with other biological fields, resulting in a widely applicable theory of evolution that encompassed much of biology -- the modern synthesis.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Pieter Boel", "paragraph_text": "Pieter Boel or Peeter Boel (1626–1674) was a Flemish painter who specialised in lavish still lifes and animal paintings. He moved to Paris, where he worked in the gobelin factory and became a painter to the king. Pieter Boel revolutionized animal painting by working directly from live animals in a natural setting. He thus arrived at representations of animals showing them in their natural, characteristic poses. He had many followers in France.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Smoky Owens", "paragraph_text": "Raymond \"Smoky\" Owens (1912 - September 7, 1942) was an American baseball pitcher in the Negro Leagues. He played from 1939 to 1942 with the Cleveland Bears, St. Louis Stars, and the Cincinnati Clowns. He was selected to the second 1939 East-West All-Star Game. Owens died in a car accident on September 7, 1942. Ulysses Brown also died, while Eugene Bremmer, Herman Watts, Alonzo Boone, and Wilbur Hayes were also injured.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Flowering plant", "paragraph_text": "Island genetics provides one proposed explanation for the sudden, fully developed appearance of flowering plants. Island genetics is believed to be a common source of speciation in general, especially when it comes to radical adaptations that seem to have required inferior transitional forms. Flowering plants may have evolved in an isolated setting like an island or island chain, where the plants bearing them were able to develop a highly specialized relationship with some specific animal (a wasp, for example). Such a relationship, with a hypothetical wasp carrying pollen from one plant to another much the way fig wasps do today, could result in the development of a high degree of specialization in both the plant(s) and their partners. Note that the wasp example is not incidental; bees, which, it is postulated, evolved specifically due to mutualistic plant relationships, are descended from wasps.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Gene", "paragraph_text": "Genes can acquire mutations in their sequence, leading to different variants, known as alleles, in the population. These alleles encode slightly different versions of a protein, which cause different phenotype traits. Colloquial usage of the term \"having a gene\" (e.g., \"good genes,\" \"hair colour gene\") typically refers to having a different allele of the gene. Genes evolve due to natural selection or survival of the fittest of the alleles.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change", "paragraph_text": "In February 2010, in response to controversies regarding claims in the Fourth Assessment Report, five climate scientists – all contributing or lead IPCC report authors – wrote in the journal Nature calling for changes to the IPCC. They suggested a range of new organizational options, from tightening the selection of lead authors and contributors, to dumping it in favor of a small permanent body, or even turning the whole climate science assessment process into a moderated \"living\" Wikipedia-IPCC. Other recommendations included that the panel employ a full-time staff and remove government oversight from its processes to avoid political interference.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "White House Correspondents' Association", "paragraph_text": "The White House Correspondents' Association (WHCA) is an organization of journalists who cover the White House and the President of the United States. The WHCA was founded on February 25, 1914 by journalists in response to an unfounded rumor that a United States congressional committee would select which journalists could attend press conferences of President Woodrow Wilson.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 147164, "question": "Where did Eugene Blair live when he died?", "answer": "Darwin", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 }, { "id": 24792, "question": "What was #1 's response to the claims that certain animals could not have evolved through natural selection?", "answer": "Darwin proposed scenarios for the incremental evolution of each feature.", "paragraph_support_idx": 8 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Uganda", "paragraph_text": "Beginning in 1894, the area was ruled as a protectorate by the UK, who established administrative law across the territory. Uganda gained independence from the UK on 9 October 1962. The period since then has been marked by intermittent conflicts, including a lengthy civil war against the Lord's Resistance Army in the Northern Region led by Joseph Kony, which has caused hundreds of thousands of casualties.The official languages are English and Swahili, although \"any other language may be used as a medium of instruction in schools or other educational institutions or for legislative, administrative or judicial purposes as may be prescribed by law.\" Luganda, a central language, is widely spoken across the country, and several other languages are also spoken including Runyoro, Runyankole, Rukiga, Luo and Lusoga.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Salt March", "paragraph_text": "The march was the most significant organised challenge to British authority since the Non-cooperation movement of 1920 -- 22, and directly followed the Purna Swaraj declaration of sovereignty and self - rule by the Indian National Congress on 26 January 1930.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Salt March", "paragraph_text": "The Salt March, also known as the Dandi March and the Dandi Satyagraha, was an act of nonviolent civil disobedience in colonial India led by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi to produce salt from the seawater in the coastal village of Dandi (now in Gujarat), as was the practice of the local populace until British officials introduced taxation on salt production, deemed their sea - salt reclamation activities illegal, and then repeatedly used force to stop it. The 26 - day march lasted from 12 March 1930 to 6 April 1930 as a direct action campaign of tax resistance and nonviolent protest against the British salt monopoly. It gained worldwide attention which gave impetus to the Indian independence movement and started the nationwide Civil Disobedience Movement. Mahatma Gandhi started this march with 78 of his trusted volunteers. The march was over 240 miles. They walked for 24 days 10 miles a day.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Nicaraguan Sign Language", "paragraph_text": "In 1980, a vocational school for deaf adolescents was opened in the area of Managua called Villa Libertad. By 1983, there were over 400 deaf students enrolled in the two schools. Initially, the language program emphasized spoken Spanish and lipreading, and the use of signs by teachers was limited to fingerspelling (using simple signs to sign the alphabet). The program achieved little success, with most students failing to grasp the concept of Spanish words.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Konkani language", "paragraph_text": "Konkani (Kōṅkaṇī) is an Indo - Aryan language belonging to the Indo - European family of languages and is spoken along the South western coast of India. It is one of the 22 scheduled languages mentioned in the 8th schedule of the Indian Constitution and the official language of the Indian state of Goa. The first Konkani inscription is dated 1187 A.D. It is a minority language in Karnataka, Maharashtra and Kerala, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, and Daman and Diu.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Southern Europe", "paragraph_text": "The most widely spoken family of languages in southern Europe are the Romance languages, the heirs of Latin, which have spread from the Italian peninsula, and are emblematic of Southwestern Europe. (See the Latin Arch.) By far the most common romance languages in Southern Europe are: Italian, which is spoken by over 50 million people in Italy, San Marino, and the Vatican; and Spanish, which is spoken by over 40 million people in Spain and Gibraltar. Other common romance languages include: Romanian, which is spoken in Romania and Moldova; Portuguese, which is spoken in Portugal; Catalan, which is spoken in eastern Spain; and Galician, which is spoken in northwestern Spain.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Ah Long Pte Ltd", "paragraph_text": "\"Ah Long Pte Ltd\" was released in Singapore on 7 February 2008, and in Malaysia on 13 March. Its languages consist of Mandarin (in a heavily Johor-accented version as spoken by Mark Lee), Hokkien and Cantonese.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Togo", "paragraph_text": "Togo is a tropical, sub-Saharan nation, whose economy depends highly on agriculture, with a climate that provides good growing seasons. While the official language is French, many other languages are spoken in Togo, particularly those of the Gbe family. The largest religious group in Togo consists of those with indigenous beliefs, and there are significant Christian and Muslim minorities. Togo is a member of the United Nations, African Union, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone, Francophonie, and Economic Community of West African States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Israel", "paragraph_text": "Israeli literature is primarily poetry and prose written in Hebrew, as part of the renaissance of Hebrew as a spoken language since the mid-19th century, although a small body of literature is published in other languages, such as English. By law, two copies of all printed matter published in Israel must be deposited in the National Library of Israel at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. In 2001, the law was amended to include audio and video recordings, and other non-print media. In 2013, 91 percent of the 7,863 books transferred to the library were in Hebrew. The Hebrew Book Week is held each June and features book fairs, public readings, and appearances by Israeli authors around the country. During the week, Israel's top literary award, the Sapir Prize, is presented.[citation needed]", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "The Singer of My City", "paragraph_text": "El Cantar de mi ciudad (English language: The Singer of My City) is a 1930 Argentine film directed and written by José A. Ferreyra. The film has historical significance as it was the first ever sound film produced in Argentina. The film was released on 3 October 1930.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Languages of Mexico", "paragraph_text": "Many different languages are spoken in Mexico. The indigenous languages are from eleven distinct language families, including four isolates and one that immigrated from the United States. The Mexican government recognizes 68 national languages, 63 of which are indigenous, including around 350 dialects of those languages. The large majority of the population is monolingual in Spanish. Some immigrant and indigenous populations are bilingual, while some indigenous people are monolingual in their languages. Mexican Sign Language is spoken by much of the deaf population, and there are one or two indigenous sign languages as well.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Vedaranyam March", "paragraph_text": "The Vedaranyam March (also called the Vedaranyam Satyagraha) was a framework of the nonviolent civil disobedience movement in British India. Modeled on the lines of Dandi March, which was led by Mahatma Gandhi on the western coast of India the month before, it was organised to protest the salt tax imposed by the British Raj in the colonial India.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Languages of Sierra Leone", "paragraph_text": "Sierra Leone is a multilingual country. English is the de facto official language, and Krio is the most widely spoken and is spoken in different countries.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Navajivan Trust", "paragraph_text": "Earlier, Navajivan referred to a weekly newspaper published by Gandhi, in Gujarati, from 1919 (September 7) to 1931, from Ahmedabad.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Ottoman Empire", "paragraph_text": "Ottoman Turkish was the official language of the Empire. It was an Oghuz Turkic language highly influenced by Persian and Arabic. The Ottomans had several influential languages: Turkish, spoken by the majority of the people in Anatolia and by the majority of Muslims of the Balkans except in Albania and Bosnia; Persian, only spoken by the educated; Arabic, spoken mainly in Arabia, North Africa, Iraq, Kuwait, the Levant and parts of the Horn of Africa; and Somali throughout the Horn of Africa. In the last two centuries, usage of these became limited, though, and specific: Persian served mainly as a literary language for the educated, while Arabic was used for religious rites.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Togo", "paragraph_text": "Togo is a multilingual country. According to Ethnologue, 39 distinct languages are spoken in the country, many of them by communities that number fewer than 100,000 members. Of the 39 languages, the sole official language is French. Two spoken indigenous languages were designated politically as national languages in 1975: Ewé (Ewe: Èʋegbe; French: Evé) and Kabiyé; they are also the two most widely spoken indigenous languages.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "A-Pucikwar language", "paragraph_text": "The Pucikwar language, A-Pucikwar, is an extinct language of the Andaman Islands, India, formerly spoken by the Pucikwar people on the south coast of Middle Andaman, the northeast coast of South Andaman, and on Baratang Island. It belonged to the Great Andamanese family.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Les clefs de babel", "paragraph_text": "Les clefs de babel (literally \"The keys of Babel\") is a French language children's novel written by Carina Rozenfeld. The book was published in 2009 by Syros and features in a children's book collection organised by Denis Guiot called Soon.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Dialect", "paragraph_text": "Unlike most languages that use alphabets to indicate the pronunciation, Chinese characters have developed from logograms that do not always give hints to its pronunciation. Although the written characters remained relatively consistent for the last two thousand years, the pronunciation and grammar in different regions has developed to an extent that the varieties of the spoken language are often mutually unintelligible. As a series of migration to the south throughout the history, the regional languages of the south, including Xiang, Wu, Gan, Min, Yue (Cantonese), and Hakka often show traces of Old Chinese or Middle Chinese. From the Ming dynasty onward, Beijing has been the capital of China and the dialect spoken in Beijing has had the most prestige among other varieties. With the founding of the Republic of China, Standard Mandarin was designated as the official language, based on the spoken language of Beijing. Since then, other spoken varieties are regarded as fangyan (dialects). Cantonese is still the most commonly used language in Hong Kong, Macau and among some overseas Chinese communities, whereas Southern Min has been accepted in Taiwan as an important local language along with Mandarin.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Indigenous peoples of the Americas", "paragraph_text": "The \"General Law of Linguistic Rights of the Indigenous Peoples\" grants all indigenous languages spoken in Mexico, regardless of the number of speakers, the same validity as Spanish in all territories in which they are spoken, and indigenous peoples are entitled to request some public services and documents in their native languages. Along with Spanish, the law has granted them — more than 60 languages — the status of \"national languages\". The law includes all indigenous languages of the Americas regardless of origin; that is, it includes the indigenous languages of ethnic groups non-native to the territory. As such the National Commission for the Development of Indigenous Peoples recognizes the language of the Kickapoo, who immigrated from the United States, and recognizes the languages of the Guatemalan indigenous refugees. The Mexican government has promoted and established bilingual primary and secondary education in some indigenous rural communities. Nonetheless, of the indigenous peoples in Mexico, only about 67% of them (or 5.4% of the country's population) speak an indigenous language and about a sixth do not speak Spanish (1.2% of the country's population).", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 89112, "question": "who organised march on tanjore coast to break salt law in 1930", "answer": "Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi", "paragraph_support_idx": 2 }, { "id": 726919, "question": "#1 >> languages spoken, written or signed", "answer": "Gujarati", "paragraph_support_idx": 13 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "On the Origin of Species", "paragraph_text": "Darwin was hard at work on his \"big book\" on Natural Selection, when on 18 June 1858 he received a parcel from Wallace, who stayed on the Maluku Islands (Ternate and Gilolo). It enclosed twenty pages describing an evolutionary mechanism, a response to Darwin's recent encouragement, with a request to send it on to Lyell if Darwin thought it worthwhile. The mechanism was similar to Darwin's own theory. Darwin wrote to Lyell that \"your words have come true with a vengeance, ... forestalled\" and he would \"of course, at once write and offer to send [it] to any journal\" that Wallace chose, adding that \"all my originality, whatever it may amount to, will be smashed\". Lyell and Hooker agreed that a joint publication putting together Wallace's pages with extracts from Darwin's 1844 Essay and his 1857 letter to Gray should be presented at the Linnean Society, and on 1 July 1858, the papers entitled On the Tendency of Species to form Varieties; and on the Perpetuation of Varieties and Species by Natural Means of Selection, by Wallace and Darwin respectively, were read out but drew little reaction. While Darwin considered Wallace's idea to be identical to his concept of natural selection, historians have pointed out differences. Darwin described natural selection as being analogous to the artificial selection practised by animal breeders, and emphasised competition between individuals; Wallace drew no comparison to selective breeding, and focused on ecological pressures that kept different varieties adapted to local conditions. Some historians have suggested that Wallace was actually discussing group selection rather than selection acting on individual variation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "On the Origin of Species", "paragraph_text": "In the sixth edition Darwin inserted a new chapter VII (renumbering the subsequent chapters) to respond to criticisms of earlier editions, including the objection that many features of organisms were not adaptive and could not have been produced by natural selection. He said some such features could have been by-products of adaptive changes to other features, and that often features seemed non-adaptive because their function was unknown, as shown by his book on Fertilisation of Orchids that explained how their elaborate structures facilitated pollination by insects. Much of the chapter responds to George Jackson Mivart's criticisms, including his claim that features such as baleen filters in whales, flatfish with both eyes on one side and the camouflage of stick insects could not have evolved through natural selection because intermediate stages would not have been adaptive. Darwin proposed scenarios for the incremental evolution of each feature.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Mozart effect", "paragraph_text": "A set of research results indicating that listening to Mozart's music may induce a short - term improvement on the performance of certain kinds of mental tasks known as ``spatial - temporal reasoning; ''Popularized versions of the hypothesis, which suggest that`` listening to Mozart makes you smarter'', or that early childhood exposure to classical music has a beneficial effect on mental development; A US trademark for a set of commercial recordings and related materials, which are claimed to harness the effect for a variety of purposes. The trademark owner, Don Campbell, Inc., claims benefits far beyond improving spatio - temporal reasoning or raising intelligence, defining the mark as ``an inclusive term signifying the transformational powers of music in health, education, and well - being. ''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "On the Origin of Species", "paragraph_text": "On the Origin of Species (or, more completely, On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life), published on 24 November 1859, is a work of scientific literature by Charles Darwin which is considered to be the foundation of evolutionary biology. Darwin's book introduced the scientific theory that populations evolve over the course of generations through a process of natural selection. It presented a body of evidence that the diversity of life arose by common descent through a branching pattern of evolution. Darwin included evidence that he had gathered on the \"Beagle\" expedition in the 1830s and his subsequent findings from research, correspondence, and experimentation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Dog", "paragraph_text": "While all dogs are genetically very similar, natural selection and selective breeding have reinforced certain characteristics in certain populations of dogs, giving rise to dog types and dog breeds. Dog types are broad categories based on function, genetics, or characteristics. Dog breeds are groups of animals that possess a set of inherited characteristics that distinguishes them from other animals within the same species. Modern dog breeds are non-scientific classifications of dogs kept by modern kennel clubs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "On the Origin of Species", "paragraph_text": "On the Origin of Species, published on 24 November 1859, is a work of scientific literature by Charles Darwin which is considered to be the foundation of evolutionary biology. Darwin's book introduced the scientific theory that populations evolve over the course of generations through a process of natural selection. It presented a body of evidence that the diversity of life arose by common descent through a branching pattern of evolution. Darwin included evidence that he had gathered on the Beagle expedition in the 1830s and his subsequent findings from research, correspondence, and experimentation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Facial expression", "paragraph_text": "The universality hypothesis is the assumption that certain facial expressions and face - related acts / events are signals of specific emotions (happiness with laughter and smiling, sadness with tears, anger with a clenched jaw, fear with a grimace, surprise with raised eyebrows and wide eyes along with a slight retraction of the ears, and disgust with a wrinkled nose and squinted eyes -- emotions which frequently lack the social component of those like shame, pride, jealousy, envy, deferance, etc.) and are recognized by people regardless of culture, language, or time. The belief in the evolutionary basis of these kinds of facial expressions can be traced back to Darwin's The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals. Reviews of the universality hypothesis have been both supportive and critical. Work in 2013 by Nelson and Russell and Jack et al. has been especially critical.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess", "paragraph_text": "There is very little voice acting in the game, as is the case in most Zelda titles to date. Link remains silent in conversation, but grunts when attacking or injured and gasps when surprised. His emotions and responses are largely indicated visually by nods and facial expressions. Other characters have similar language-independent verbalizations, including laughter, surprised or fearful exclamations, and screams. The character of Midna has the most voice acting—her on-screen dialog is often accompanied by a babble of pseudo-speech, which was produced by scrambling the phonemes of English phrases[better source needed] sampled by Japanese voice actress Akiko Kōmoto.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "KevJumba", "paragraph_text": "Kevin Wu (born June 12, 1990) is an American blogger, activist and humanitarian who was best known for being an early YouTube celebrity, comedian and actor known by his YouTube username of KevJumba. The \"San Francisco Chronicle\"'s Jeff Yang has noted that Wu is not a comedian in the conventional sense but that by \"just talking [he] is, well, pretty hilarious\" due to his deadpan vocal delivery, animated facial expressions and tendency toward unexpected digressions.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Helen Rodd", "paragraph_text": "Helen Rodd is a Canadian zoologist and Associate professor at the University of Toronto. Dr. Rodd's work focuses on reproductive strategies among livebearing fish, as part of an effort to understand mate selection among animals. Her work on mate preference in the guppy fish species (\"Poecilia reticulata\") attracted media attention in numerous nature magazines and the United States public broadcasting service, as well as academic notice, based upon her research finding that female guppies in Trinidad may choose males for orange coloration similar to a favored food, the fruit of a local tree. In 2001, Professor Rodd was awarded a \"Premier's Research Excellence Award\" by the Ontario government for her work in guppy mate selection.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "On the Origin of Species", "paragraph_text": "There were serious scientific objections to the process of natural selection as the key mechanism of evolution, including Karl von Nägeli's insistence that a trivial characteristic with no adaptive advantage could not be developed by selection. Darwin conceded that these could be linked to adaptive characteristics. His estimate that the age of the Earth allowed gradual evolution was disputed by William Thomson (later awarded the title Lord Kelvin), who calculated that it had cooled in less than 100 million years. Darwin accepted blending inheritance, but Fleeming Jenkin calculated that as it mixed traits, natural selection could not accumulate useful traits. Darwin tried to meet these objections in the 5th edition. Mivart supported directed evolution, and compiled scientific and religious objections to natural selection. In response, Darwin made considerable changes to the sixth edition. The problems of the age of the Earth and heredity were only resolved in the 20th century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "On the Origin of Species", "paragraph_text": "Scientific readers were already aware of arguments that species changed through processes that were subject to laws of nature, but the transmutational ideas of Lamarck and the vague \"law of development\" of Vestiges had not found scientific favour. Darwin presented natural selection as a scientifically testable mechanism while accepting that other mechanisms such as inheritance of acquired characters were possible. His strategy established that evolution through natural laws was worthy of scientific study, and by 1875, most scientists accepted that evolution occurred but few thought natural selection was significant. Darwin's scientific method was also disputed, with his proponents favouring the empiricism of John Stuart Mill's A System of Logic, while opponents held to the idealist school of William Whewell's Philosophy of the Inductive Sciences, in which investigation could begin with the intuitive truth that species were fixed objects created by design. Early support for Darwin's ideas came from the findings of field naturalists studying biogeography and ecology, including Joseph Dalton Hooker in 1860, and Asa Gray in 1862. Henry Walter Bates presented research in 1861 that explained insect mimicry using natural selection. Alfred Russel Wallace discussed evidence from his Malay archipelago research, including an 1864 paper with an evolutionary explanation for the Wallace line.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change", "paragraph_text": "In February 2010, in response to controversies regarding claims in the Fourth Assessment Report, five climate scientists – all contributing or lead IPCC report authors – wrote in the journal Nature calling for changes to the IPCC. They suggested a range of new organizational options, from tightening the selection of lead authors and contributors, to dumping it in favor of a small permanent body, or even turning the whole climate science assessment process into a moderated \"living\" Wikipedia-IPCC. Other recommendations included that the panel employ a full-time staff and remove government oversight from its processes to avoid political interference.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Emotion", "paragraph_text": "More contemporary views along the evolutionary psychology spectrum posit that both basic emotions and social emotions evolved to motivate (social) behaviors that were adaptive in the ancestral environment. Current research[citation needed] suggests that emotion is an essential part of any human decision-making and planning, and the famous distinction made between reason and emotion is not as clear as it seems. Paul D. MacLean claims that emotion competes with even more instinctive responses, on one hand, and the more abstract reasoning, on the other hand. The increased potential in neuroimaging has also allowed investigation into evolutionarily ancient parts of the brain. Important neurological advances were derived from these perspectives in the 1990s by Joseph E. LeDoux and António Damásio.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Emotion", "paragraph_text": "A situated perspective on emotion, developed by Paul E. Griffiths and Andrea Scarantino , emphasizes the importance of external factors in the development and communication of emotion, drawing upon the situationism approach in psychology. This theory is markedly different from both cognitivist and neo-Jamesian theories of emotion, both of which see emotion as a purely internal process, with the environment only acting as a stimulus to the emotion. In contrast, a situationist perspective on emotion views emotion as the product of an organism investigating its environment, and observing the responses of other organisms. Emotion stimulates the evolution of social relationships, acting as a signal to mediate the behavior of other organisms. In some contexts, the expression of emotion (both voluntary and involuntary) could be seen as strategic moves in the transactions between different organisms. The situated perspective on emotion states that conceptual thought is not an inherent part of emotion, since emotion is an action-oriented form of skillful engagement with the world. Griffiths and Scarantino suggested that this perspective on emotion could be helpful in understanding phobias, as well as the emotions of infants and animals.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Cell theory", "paragraph_text": "However, the idea that all cells come from pre-existing cells had in fact already been proposed by Robert Remak; it has been suggested that Virchow plagiarized Remak and did not give him credit. Remak published observations in 1852 on cell division, claiming Schleiden and Schawnn were incorrect about generation schemes. He instead said that binary fission, which was first introduced by Dumortier, was how reproduction of new animal cells were made. Once this tenet was added, the classical cell theory was complete.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Pharyngeal arch", "paragraph_text": "All of the pharyngeal muscles of the second pharyngeal arch are innervated by the facial nerve. These muscles include the muscles of facial expression, the posterior belly of the digastric, the stylohyoid muscle, the auricular muscle and the stapedius muscle of the middle ear.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "On the Origin of Species", "paragraph_text": "In January 1871, George Jackson Mivart's On the Genesis of Species listed detailed arguments against natural selection, and claimed it included false metaphysics. Darwin made extensive revisions to the sixth edition of the Origin (this was the first edition in which he used the word \"evolution\" which had commonly been associated with embryological development, though all editions concluded with the word \"evolved\"), and added a new chapter VII, Miscellaneous objections, to address Mivart's arguments.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Wallace and Gromit", "paragraph_text": "Wallace and Gromit is a British stop motion clay animation comedy series created by Nick Park of Aardman Animations. The series consists of four short films and one feature-length film, but has spawned numerous spin-offs and TV adaptations. The series centres on Wallace, a good-natured, eccentric, cheese-loving inventor, along with his companion Gromit, a silent yet loyal and intelligent anthropomorphic dog. The first short film, \"A Grand Day Out\", was finished and made public in the year 1989. Wallace was originally voiced by veteran actor Peter Sallis, and later by Ben Whitehead. Gromit always remains silent, instead communicating only through means of facial expressions and body language.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "On the Origin of Species", "paragraph_text": "Evolution had less obvious applications to anatomy and morphology, and at first had little impact on the research of the anatomist Thomas Henry Huxley. Despite this, Huxley strongly supported Darwin on evolution; though he called for experiments to show whether natural selection could form new species, and questioned if Darwin's gradualism was sufficient without sudden leaps to cause speciation. Huxley wanted science to be secular, without religious interference, and his article in the April 1860 Westminster Review promoted scientific naturalism over natural theology, praising Darwin for \"extending the domination of Science over regions of thought into which she has, as yet, hardly penetrated\" and coining the term \"Darwinism\" as part of his efforts to secularise and professionalise science. Huxley gained influence, and initiated the X Club, which used the journal Nature to promote evolution and naturalism, shaping much of late Victorian science. Later, the German morphologist Ernst Haeckel would convince Huxley that comparative anatomy and palaeontology could be used to reconstruct evolutionary genealogies.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 64591, "question": "who was the first researcher to suggest that facial expressions are pre-verbal", "answer": "Darwin", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 }, { "id": 24792, "question": "What was #1 's response to the claims that certain animals could not have evolved through natural selection?", "answer": "Darwin proposed scenarios for the incremental evolution of each feature.", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "As with the other majors, winning the Masters gives a golfer several privileges which make his career more secure. Masters champions are automatically invited to play in the other three majors (the U.S. Open, The Open Championship, and the PGA Championship) for the next five years (except for amateur winners, unless they turn pro within the five - year period), and earn a lifetime invitation to the Masters. They also receive membership on the PGA Tour for the following five seasons and invitations to The Players Championship for five years.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "By tradition, the winner of the previous year's Masters Tournament puts the jacket on the current winner at the end of the tournament. In 1966, Jack Nicklaus became the first player to win in consecutive years and he donned the jacket himself. When Nick Faldo (in 1990) and Tiger Woods (in 2002) repeated as champions, the chairman of Augusta National put the jacket on them.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "2010 BNP Paribas Masters", "paragraph_text": "Robin Söderling defeated Gaël Monfils 6–1, 7–6 in the final to win his first Masters 1000 championship and rise to a career-high world ranking of No. 4. Monfils was playing in his second successive Paris Masters final having saved five match points in defeating Roger Federer in the semifinals.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Ink Master (season 9)", "paragraph_text": "No. Shops 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Finale No. Flash Challenge Winner Allegory Arts Unkindness Art Old Town Ink Unkindness Art Old Town Ink Artistic Skin Designs Old Town Ink Black Spade Tattoo Unkindness Art Black Cobra Tattoos Black Cobra Tattoos None None None Golden Skull Tattoo None None Old Town Ink H / L HIGH HIGH WIN LOW WIN IN LOW HIGH F / O LOW F / O WIN WIN MASTER SHOP Black Cobra Tattoos HIGH HIGH IN WIN HIGH F / O LOW WIN RUNNER - UP Basilica Tattoo IN IN WIN IN F / O HIGH WIN LOW WIN OUT Unkindness Art IMM IN IN WIN IN HIGH HIGH LOW IN LOW WIN LOW WIN HIGH OUT 5 Golden Skull Tattoo WIN F / O WIN F / O OUT 6 Empire State Studio LOW HIGH WIN IN OUT 7 Allegory Arts IMM HIGH IN LOW IN IN IN LOW LOW LOW WIN OUT 8 Artistic Skin Designs WIN WIN HIGH IN IN IN LOW WIN HIGH LOW OUT 9 Classic Trilogy Tattoo IN IN IN IN LOW LOW LOW HIGH HIGH OUT 10 Pinz & Needlez IN LOW WIN HIGH LOW WIN IN IN OUT 11 Black Spade Tattoo LOW LOW LOW OUT 12 Boneface Ink Tattoo Shop IN OUT 13 House of Monkey Tattoo IN IN OUT 14 Think Before You Ink LOW LOW OUT 15 Tri-Cities Tattoo LOW LOW LOW OUT 16 Black Anchor Collective HIGH IN OUT 17 The Marked Society Tattoo LOW OUT 18 Thicker Than Blood OUT", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "List of men's major championships winning golfers", "paragraph_text": "Jack Nicklaus has won the most majors, achieving 18 victories during his career. Second on the list is Tiger Woods, who has won 14 majors to date; his most recent major victory was at the 2008 U.S. Open. Walter Hagen is third with 11 majors; he and Nicklaus have both won the most PGA Championships with five. Nicklaus also holds the record for the most victories in the Masters, winning the tournament six times. Additionally, Nicklaus shares the record for the most U.S. Open victories with Willie Anderson, Bobby Jones and Ben Hogan, each winning four times. Harry Vardon holds the record for the most Open Championship victories, winning six times during his career. Nicklaus, Woods, Hogan, Gary Player and Gene Sarazen are the only golfers to have won all four of the majors during their career, thus achieving the so - called career slam.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "İrşadi Aksun", "paragraph_text": "M. İrşadi Aksun (born April 5, 1957 in Turkey) is an award-winning Turkish professor of electrical and electronics engineering and the dean of College of Engineering at Koç University. He received his bachelor's and master's degrees from ODTÜ and his Ph.D. degree from the University of Illinois in 1990.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "1996 Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "The 1996 Masters Tournament was the 60th Masters Tournament, held April 11–14 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "The Plague Lords of Ruel", "paragraph_text": "The Plague Lords of Ruel is the thirteenth book in the award-winning Lone Wolf book series created by Joe Dever. This is the first book in the \"Grand Master\" series, in which Lone Wolf founds a new order of the Kai. Starting from this book, the remaining books which were published in the US were abridged versions with a reduced number of sections.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "1936 Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "The 1936 Masters Tournament was the third Masters Tournament, held April 3–6 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "1954 Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "The 1954 Masters Tournament was the 18th Masters Tournament, held April 8–12 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. Sam Snead defeated defending champion Ben Hogan by one stroke in an 18-hole Monday playoff to win his third Masters tournament. It was Snead's seventh and final major victory.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Men's major golf championships", "paragraph_text": "The majors originally consisted of two British tournaments, The Open Championship and The Amateur Championship, and two American tournaments, the U.S. Open and the U.S. Amateur. With the introduction of the Masters Tournament in 1934, and the rise of professional golf in the late 1940s and 1950s, the term ``major championships ''eventually came to describe the Masters, the U.S. Open, the Open Championship, and the PGA Championship. It is difficult to determine when the definition changed to include the current four tournaments, although many trace it to Arnold Palmer's 1960 season. After winning the Masters and the U.S. Open to start the season, he remarked that if he could win the Open Championship and PGA Championship to finish the season, he would complete`` a grand slam of his own'' to rival Bobby Jones's 1930 feat. Until that time, many U.S. players such as Byron Nelson also considered the Western Open and the North and South Open as two of golf's ``majors, ''and the British PGA Matchplay Championship was as important to British and Commonwealth professionals as the PGA Championship was to Americans.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Marionette (band)", "paragraph_text": "Marionette was a Swedish melodic death metal band. They hail from Gothenburg, Sweden, formed in 2005. The band achieved recognition from placing high, and often winning, many national and international music contests. Inspired by the Japanese visual-kei scene and the brutality of Swedish hardcore and metal, Marionette has brought new light to the metal genre. When founded in 2005, when the average member's age was 16, Marionette quickly made a name for themselves in the Swedish metal scene by winning and placing high in many national and international music contests. In support of the EP, \"Terror Hearts\" -which was mixed and mastered by Fredrick Nordström (In Flames, At the Gates) – Marionette shared the stage with some of the world's most renowned metal acts including: Machine Head, Slayer, Mastodon, Meshuggah, and Candlemass among others.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Soppin' the Gravy", "paragraph_text": "Soppin' the Gravy is an album by Mark O'Connor. It consists mostly of traditional Texas Fiddle music, with O'Connor's own piece, \"Misty Moonlight Waltz\", and an instrumental version of \"Over the Rainbow\". O'Connor can be seen on the cover with the white-painted fiddle that he used for competition. At the time of this album's release, O'Connor had won numerous fiddle championships, including a win in the National Old Time Fiddler's Contest Open division in 1979 and a 1975 win in the Grand Masters Contest in Nashville, Tennessee.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Jack Nicklaus", "paragraph_text": "Jack William Nicklaus (born January 21, 1940), nicknamed The Golden Bear, is an American retired professional golfer. In the opinion of many observers, he is the greatest golfer of all time. During a span of more than 25 years, he won a record 18 major championships, three ahead of Tiger Woods (15). Nicklaus focused on the major championships—Masters Tournament, U.S. Open, Open Championship and PGA Championship—and played a selective schedule of regular PGA Tour events. He has competed in more major championships (164) than any other player. He finished with 73 PGA Tour victories, third on the all-time list behind Sam Snead (82) and Tiger Woods (81).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 14, "title": "A Knight's Tale", "paragraph_text": "At a jousting tournament in 14th - century Europe, young squires William Thatcher, Roland, and Wat discover that their master, Sir Ector, has died. If he had completed one final pass he would have won the tournament. Destitute, William wears Ector's armour to impersonate him, winning the tournament and taking the prize.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "List of Masters Tournament champions", "paragraph_text": "Jack Nicklaus holds the record for the most Masters victories, winning the tournament six times during his career. Nicklaus is also the oldest winner of the Masters: he was 46 years 82 days old when he won in 1986. Nicklaus, Nick Faldo, and Tiger Woods co-hold the record for most consecutive victories with two. Woods was the youngest winner of the Masters, 21 years 104 days old when he won in 1997. Woods also set the record for the widest winning margin (12 strokes), and the lowest winning score, with 270, 18 below par (- 18) in 1997. The latter was equaled by Jordan Spieth in 2015.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 16, "title": "1996 Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "Nick Faldo won his third Masters and his sixth and final major title, five strokes ahead of runner-up Greg Norman. Faldo overcame a six-stroke deficit going into the final day as Norman, leader after each of the first three rounds, faltered down the stretch once again at Augusta. The win was the seventh by a European in the last nine Masters. The first win by an Australian at the Masters came seventeen years later when Adam Scott won in 2013.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "The Curse of Naar", "paragraph_text": "The Curse of Naar is the twentieth book in the award-winning Lone Wolf book series created by Joe Dever. This is the final book in the \"Grand Master\" series, and the last one released in North America.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Dustin Johnson", "paragraph_text": "Dustin Johnson Johnson at 2012 Open Championship Full name Dustin Hunter Johnson Nickname DJ (1984 - 06 - 22) June 22, 1984 (age 34) Columbia, South Carolina Height 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m) Weight 190 lb (86 kg; 14 st) Nationality United States Residence Palm Beach Gardens, Florida Spouse Paulina Gretzky Children Career College Coastal Carolina University Turned professional 2007 Current tour (s) PGA Tour Professional wins 20 Number of wins by tour PGA Tour 19 Other Best results in major championships (wins: 1) Masters Tournament T4: 2016 U.S. Open Won: 2016 The Open Championship T2: 2011 PGA Championship T5: 2010 Achievements and awards PGA Player of the Year 2016 PGA Tour Player of the Year 2016 PGA Tour leading money winner 2016 Vardon Trophy 2016 Byron Nelson Award 2016", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Ink Master (season 11)", "paragraph_text": "Ink Master: Grudge Match -- Cleen vs. Christian is the eleventh season of the tattoo reality competition Ink Master that premiered on Paramount Network on August 28, 2018 instead of its original airdate September 4. Hosted by Dave Navarro and co-judged by Oliver Peck and Chris Nunez, Season 11 will finally see Ink Master veterans Cleen Rock One and Christian Buckingham getting the chance to settle their heated rivalry that began in Season 7 and again in Season 9. But they wo n't be doing it alone this time as each of them will coach a new group of artists where the winner will receive $100,000, a feature in Inked Magazine and the title of Ink Master. In addition, the winning coach will also receive $100,000.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 87681, "question": "who has the most wins at the masters", "answer": "Jack Nicklaus", "paragraph_support_idx": 15 }, { "id": 159941, "question": "Who is #1 ?", "answer": "an American retired professional golfer", "paragraph_support_idx": 13 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Babe Didrikson Zaharias", "paragraph_text": "Mildred Ella ``Babe ''Didrikson Zaharias (/ zəˈhɑːriəs /; June 26, 1911 -- September 27, 1956) was an American athlete who achieved a great deal of success in golf, basketball, baseball and track and field. She won two gold medals in track and field at the 1932 Summer Olympics, before turning to professional golf and winning 10 LPGA major championships. She is widely regarded as one of the greatest female athletes of all time.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Stacy Lewis", "paragraph_text": "Stacy Lewis (born February 16, 1985) is an American professional golfer on the U.S.-based LPGA Tour. She has won two major championships: the Kraft Nabisco Championship in 2011 and the Women's British Open in 2013. She was ranked number one in the Women's World Golf Rankings for four weeks in 2013, and reclaimed the position in June 2014 with a victory at the ShopRite LPGA Classic for another 21 weeks.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "June Beebe", "paragraph_text": "She was born in Chicago, Illinois. She won the Women's Western Open 1931 and 1933, and finished second in 1930 and 1932. She also competed under her married name, Mrs. Phillip Atwood. She also won the Chicago Women's District Golf Association's Championship twice, in 1933 and 1935.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Arnond Vongvanij", "paragraph_text": "Vongvanij was born in Hawaii but grew up in Thailand. He moved to Florida at the age of 12 to play golf. He played college golf at the University of Florida where he won three times.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Morgan Pressel", "paragraph_text": "Morgan Pressel (born May 23, 1988) is an American professional golfer, currently playing on the LPGA Tour. In 2001, as a 12-year-old, she became the youngest player to qualify for the U.S. Women's Open. She was the 2005 American Junior Golf Association (AJGA) Player of the Year, and won the 2006 AJGA Nancy Lopez Award. She turned pro at age 17, and is the youngest-ever winner of a modern LPGA major championship, which vaulted her to a career-high fourth in the world rankings.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "2013 Open Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 2013 Open Championship was a men's major golf championship and the 142nd Open Championship, held from 18 -- 21 July at Muirfield Golf Links in Gullane, East Lothian, Scotland. Phil Mickelson shot a final round 66 (− 5) to win his fifth major title, three strokes ahead of runner - up Henrik Stenson. Mickelson began the round five strokes back, in a tie for ninth place. Ian Poulter, Adam Scott, and 54 - hole leader Lee Westwood tied for third, four back of Mickelson.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "2015 Open Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 2015 Open Championship was a men's major golf championship and the 144th Open Championship, held from 16 -- 20 July at the Old Course at St Andrews in Fife, Scotland. It was the 29th Open Championship played at the course and Zach Johnson won in a four - hole playoff for his second major title.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Amanda Blumenherst", "paragraph_text": "Amanda Blumenherst (born November 4, 1986) is an American professional golfer who plays on the U.S.-based LPGA Tour. She was a three-time National Player of the Year at Duke University and won the U.S. Women's Amateur title in 2008. In 2013, she announced that she would take a leave from professional golf to spend more time with her husband, major league baseball player Nate Freiman.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Matt Peterson", "paragraph_text": "Peterson was born in Chicago, Illinois. He played college golf at the University of Georgia where he won one event and was a three-time All-American. He turned professional in 1990.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "List of men's major championships winning golfers", "paragraph_text": "Jack Nicklaus has won the most majors, achieving 18 victories during his career. Second on the list is Tiger Woods, who has won 14 majors to date; his most recent major victory was at the 2008 U.S. Open. Walter Hagen is third with 11 majors; he and Nicklaus have both won the most PGA Championships with five. Nicklaus also holds the record for the most victories in the Masters, winning the tournament six times. Additionally, Nicklaus shares the record for the most U.S. Open victories with Willie Anderson, Bobby Jones and Ben Hogan, each winning four times. Harry Vardon holds the record for the most Open Championship victories, winning six times during his career. Nicklaus, Woods, Hogan, Gary Player and Gene Sarazen are the only golfers to have won all four of the majors during their career, thus achieving the so - called career slam.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "1961 Open Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 1961 Open Championship was the 90th Open Championship, played 12–15 July at Royal Birkdale Golf Club in Southport, England. Arnold Palmer won the first of two consecutive Open Championships, one stroke ahead of Dai Rees. It was the second Open for Palmer, the runner-up in his first in 1960, and the fourth of his seven major titles. He was the first American to win the Claret Jug since Ben Hogan in 1953. This was the second Open Championship at Royal Birkdale, which hosted in 1954.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Johnny Fischer", "paragraph_text": "Fischer was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. He won the 1932 NCAA individual golf championship and the Big Ten Conference individual championship in 1932, 1933 and 1935 while playing at the University of Michigan. He also won the 1936 U.S. Amateur.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "2017 Open Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 2017 Open Championship was a men's major golf championship and the 146th Open Championship, held from 20 -- 23 July at Royal Birkdale Golf Club in Southport, England. It was the tenth Open Championship at Royal Birkdale, which held its first in 1954.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Barbara Barrow", "paragraph_text": "Barrow played college golf at San Diego State University, when in 1975 she won the national individual intercollegiate golf championship. She was a member of the U.S. Curtis Cup team in 1976. She was inducted into the San Diego State University Aztec Hall of Fame in 1992", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Scottish Open (golf)", "paragraph_text": "The Scottish Open (known as the Aberdeen Asset Management Scottish Open for sponsorship reasons) is a golf tournament on the European Tour. The 2016 event was won by Alexander Norén at Castle Stuart, northeast of Inverness.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "2012 WGC-HSBC Champions", "paragraph_text": "The 2012 WGC-HSBC Champions was a golf tournament played 1–4 November 2012 at the Olazabal Course of Mission Hills Golf Club in Shenzhen, China. It was the fourth WGC-HSBC Champions tournament, and the fourth of four World Golf Championships events held in 2012. The event was won by Ryder Cup star Ian Poulter who shot consecutive rounds of 65 (−7) on the weekend and broke the tournament scoring record with 267 (−21) for his second WGC win. Two strokes back were runners-up Jason Dufner, Ernie Els, Phil Mickelson, and Scott Piercy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "1949 Ryder Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 8th Ryder Cup Matches were held 16–17 September 1949, at Ganton Golf Club in Scarborough, North Yorkshire, England. The United States team won the competition by a score of seven to five.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Jack Nicklaus", "paragraph_text": "Jack William Nicklaus (born January 21, 1940), nicknamed The Golden Bear, is an American retired professional golfer. In the opinion of many observers, he is the greatest golfer of all time. During a span of more than 25 years, he won a record 18 major championships, three ahead of Tiger Woods (15). Nicklaus focused on the major championships—Masters Tournament, U.S. Open, Open Championship and PGA Championship—and played a selective schedule of regular PGA Tour events. He has competed in more major championships (164) than any other player. He finished with 73 PGA Tour victories, third on the all-time list behind Sam Snead (82) and Tiger Woods (81).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Mike Nicolette", "paragraph_text": "Nicolette was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He attended Rollins College in Winter Park, Florida and was a member of the golf team. While a student at Rollins, he won the 1976 NCAA Division II Men's Golf Championship. He turned pro in 1978.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Alex Russell (golfer)", "paragraph_text": "Commissioned in the Royal Garrison Artillery on 9 October 1914, Russell served on the Western Front during World War I, where he was twice wounded, won the Military Cross, and in 1918 was promoted acting major. After the war he and his wife returned to Australia and lived at Sandringham in Melbourne, close to the Royal Melbourne Golf Club.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 57682, "question": "who is won the most majors in golf", "answer": "Jack Nicklaus", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 }, { "id": 159941, "question": "Who is #1 ?", "answer": "an American retired professional golfer", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Walter Hagen", "paragraph_text": "Walter Charles Hagen (December 21, 1892 – October 6, 1969) was an American professional golfer and a major figure in golf in the first half of the 20th century. His tally of 11 professional majors is third behind Jack Nicklaus (18) and Tiger Woods (15). Hagen is widely considered one of the greatest golfers ever.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "True Swing Golf", "paragraph_text": "True Swing Golf (also known as \"Nintendo Touch Golf: Birdie Challenge\" in PAL regions, and \"大人のDSゴルフ (Otona no DS Golf; DS Golf for Adults)\" in Japan) is a golf video game by long-time golf game creators T&E Soft, published by Nintendo and released for the Nintendo DS handheld video game system.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "2013 Open Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 2013 Open Championship was a men's major golf championship and the 142nd Open Championship, held from 18 -- 21 July at Muirfield Golf Links in Gullane, East Lothian, Scotland. Phil Mickelson shot a final round 66 (− 5) to win his fifth major title, three strokes ahead of runner - up Henrik Stenson. Mickelson began the round five strokes back, in a tie for ninth place. Ian Poulter, Adam Scott, and 54 - hole leader Lee Westwood tied for third, four back of Mickelson.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Augusta National Golf Club", "paragraph_text": "Augusta National Golf Club, located in Augusta, Georgia, is one of the most famous golf clubs in the world. Founded by Bobby Jones and Clifford Roberts on the site of the former Fruitland (later Fruitlands) Nursery, the course was designed by Jones and Alister MacKenzie and opened for play in January 1933. Since 1934, it has played host to the annual Masters Tournament, one of the four major championships in professional golf, and the only major played each year at the same course. It was the top - ranked course in Golf Digest's 2009 list of America's 100 greatest courses and was the number ten - ranked course based on course architecture on Golfweek Magazine's 2011 list of best classic courses in the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "2012 WGC-HSBC Champions", "paragraph_text": "The 2012 WGC-HSBC Champions was a golf tournament played 1–4 November 2012 at the Olazabal Course of Mission Hills Golf Club in Shenzhen, China. It was the fourth WGC-HSBC Champions tournament, and the fourth of four World Golf Championships events held in 2012. The event was won by Ryder Cup star Ian Poulter who shot consecutive rounds of 65 (−7) on the weekend and broke the tournament scoring record with 267 (−21) for his second WGC win. Two strokes back were runners-up Jason Dufner, Ernie Els, Phil Mickelson, and Scott Piercy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "1954 Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "The 1954 Masters Tournament was the 18th Masters Tournament, held April 8–12 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. Sam Snead defeated defending champion Ben Hogan by one stroke in an 18-hole Monday playoff to win his third Masters tournament. It was Snead's seventh and final major victory.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "2017 Open Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 2017 Open Championship was a men's major golf championship and the 146th Open Championship, held from 20 -- 23 July at Royal Birkdale Golf Club in Southport, England. It was the tenth Open Championship at Royal Birkdale, which held its first in 1954.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "NES Open Tournament Golf", "paragraph_text": "NES Open Tournament Golf, known in Japan as , is a 1991 sports game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Entertainment System. \"NES Open Tournament Golf\" is the second Nintendo published golf-based video game released for the NES, the first game being \"Golf\". In addition to the Famicom version of \"Golf\", there were two other Nintendo published golf-based video games released in Japan. These games were released in disk format on the Family Computer Disk System in 1987. These two games were \"Family Computer Golf: Japan Course\" and \"Family Computer Golf: U.S. Course\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "2018 Ryder Cup", "paragraph_text": "42nd Ryder Cup Matches Dates 28 -- 30 September 2018 Venue Le Golf National, Albatros Course Location Guyancourt, Île - de-France, France Captains Thomas Bjørn (Europe) Jim Furyk (USA) 171⁄2 101⁄2 Europe wins the Ryder Cup ← 2016 2020 →", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Jack Nicklaus", "paragraph_text": "Jack William Nicklaus (born January 21, 1940), nicknamed The Golden Bear, is an American retired professional golfer. In the opinion of many observers, he is the greatest golfer of all time. During a span of more than 25 years, he won a record 18 major championships, three ahead of Tiger Woods (15). Nicklaus focused on the major championships—Masters Tournament, U.S. Open, Open Championship and PGA Championship—and played a selective schedule of regular PGA Tour events. He has competed in more major championships (164) than any other player. He finished with 73 PGA Tour victories, third on the all-time list behind Sam Snead (82) and Tiger Woods (81).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "2015 Open Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 2015 Open Championship was a men's major golf championship and the 144th Open Championship, held from 16 -- 20 July at the Old Course at St Andrews in Fife, Scotland. It was the 29th Open Championship played at the course and Zach Johnson won in a four - hole playoff for his second major title.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "NFL Golf Classic", "paragraph_text": "The NFL Golf Classic was a golf tournament on the Champions Tour from 1993 to 2002. It was played in May or June at the Upper Montclair Country Club in Clifton, New Jersey. It was a joint production with the NFL and attracted top NFL talent to play in a tournament within a tournament (separate from the golf pros). NFL players Trent Dilfer and Al Del Greco frequently played to the top of the leaderboard. The 2000 edition was also the final competitive win for golfing great Lee Trevino. In its day it was amongst the more popular stops of the Champions Tour.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "List of men's major championships winning golfers", "paragraph_text": "Jack Nicklaus has won the most majors; he won 18 during his career. Second on the list is Tiger Woods, who has won 14 majors to date; his most recent major victory was at the 2008 U.S. Open. Walter Hagen is third with 11 majors; he and Nicklaus have both won the most PGA Championships with five. Nicklaus also holds the record for the most victories in the Masters, winning the competition six times. Nicklaus also shares the record for the most U.S. Open victories with Willie Anderson, Bobby Jones and Ben Hogan, each winning this competition four times. Harry Vardon holds the record for the most Open Championship victories, winning six times during his career. Nicklaus, Woods, Hogan, Gary Player and Gene Sarazen are the only golfers to have won all four of the majors during their career, thus achieving the so - called career slam.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Babe Didrikson Zaharias", "paragraph_text": "Mildred Ella ``Babe ''Didrikson Zaharias (/ zəˈhɑːriəs /; June 26, 1911 -- September 27, 1956) was an American athlete who achieved a great deal of success in golf, basketball, baseball and track and field. She won two gold medals in track and field at the 1932 Summer Olympics, before turning to professional golf and winning 10 LPGA major championships. She is widely regarded as one of the greatest female athletes of all time.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Claret Jug", "paragraph_text": "The awarding of the Claret Jug dates from 1872, when a new trophy was needed after Young Tom Morris had won the original Challenge Belt (presented by Prestwick Golf Club) outright in 1870 by winning the Championship three years in a row. Prestwick had both hosted and organised the Championship from 1860 to 1870.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "1961 Open Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 1961 Open Championship was the 90th Open Championship, played 12–15 July at Royal Birkdale Golf Club in Southport, England. Arnold Palmer won the first of two consecutive Open Championships, one stroke ahead of Dai Rees. It was the second Open for Palmer, the runner-up in his first in 1960, and the fourth of his seven major titles. He was the first American to win the Claret Jug since Ben Hogan in 1953. This was the second Open Championship at Royal Birkdale, which hosted in 1954.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Simone de la Chaume", "paragraph_text": "In 1924, she became the first foreign player to win the Girls Amateur Championship and in 1927 the first to win the British Ladies Amateur, then the most prestigious tournament in British and European ladies' golf and an event her daughter, Catherine Lacoste, would also win 42 years later.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Freak Strike", "paragraph_text": "\"Freak Strike\" is the third episode of the sixth season of the Comedy Central series \"South Park\" and the 80th episode of the series overall. It originally aired on March 20, 2002. In the episode, the boys disguise Butters as a mutant with testicles on his chin, allowing him to win them a prize on a television show. However, Butters only wins a round of putt-putt golf. The freaks who make a career of appearing on TV talk shows go on strike, and make Butters strike with them.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Men's major golf championships", "paragraph_text": "The majors originally consisted of two British tournaments, The Open Championship and The Amateur Championship, and two American tournaments, the U.S. Open and the U.S. Amateur. With the introduction of the Masters Tournament in 1934, and the rise of professional golf in the late 1940s and 1950s, the term ``major championships ''eventually came to describe the Masters, the U.S. Open, the Open Championship, and the PGA Championship. It is difficult to determine when the definition changed to include the current four tournaments, although many trace it to Arnold Palmer's 1960 season. After winning the Masters and the U.S. Open to start the season, he remarked that if he could win the Open Championship and PGA Championship to finish the season, he would complete`` a grand slam of his own'' to rival Bobby Jones's 1930 feat. Until that time, many U.S. players such as Byron Nelson also considered the Western Open and the North and South Open as two of golf's ``majors, ''and the British PGA Matchplay Championship was as important to British and Commonwealth professionals as the PGA Championship was to Americans.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Mark O'Meara", "paragraph_text": "Mark O'Meara O'Meara in 2005 Full name Mark Francis O'Meara (1957 - 01 - 13) January 13, 1957 (age 61) Goldsboro, North Carolina Height 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m) Weight 195 lb (88 kg; 13.9 st) Nationality United States Residence Houston, Texas Spouse Meredith O'Meara Children Michelle, Shaun, Aidan Berkman (stepson) Career College Long Beach State University Turned professional 1980 Current tour (s) PGA Tour Champions (joined 2007) Former tour (s) PGA Tour (joined 1981) Professional wins 34 Number of wins by tour PGA Tour 16 European Tour Japan Golf Tour PGA Tour Champions Best results in major championships (wins: 2) Masters Tournament Won: 1998 U.S. Open T3: 1988 The Open Championship Won: 1998 PGA Championship T4: 1998 Achievements and awards World Golf Hall of Fame 2015 (member page) PGA Player of the Year 1998 PGA Tour Player of the Year 1998", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 89833, "question": "who has the most major wins in golf", "answer": "Jack Nicklaus", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 }, { "id": 159941, "question": "Who is #1 ?", "answer": "an American retired professional golfer", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "1993 Masters of Formula 3", "paragraph_text": "The 1993 Marlboro Masters of Formula 3 was the third Masters of Formula 3 race held at Circuit Park Zandvoort on 1 August 1993. It was won by Jos Verstappen, for Opel Team WTS.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "1985 Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "Bernhard Langer won the first of his two major championships, both Masters, two strokes ahead of runners-up Seve Ballesteros, Raymond Floyd, and Curtis Strange. A 69 (−3) on Saturday put Floyd in the lead after 54 holes at 212 (−4); Strange was a stroke back, with Langer and Ballesteros two strokes back. Despite an opening round 80, Strange led by three strokes with six holes to play in the final round, but made key bogeys at 13 and 15 when his attempts to reach both greens in two shots found water instead and finished two strokes back. It was Strange's only top-5 finish at Augusta, but he won consecutive U.S. Opens in 1988 and 1989.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Green", "paragraph_text": "In the 1980s green became the color of a number of new European political parties organized around an agenda of environmentalism. Green was chosen for its association with nature, health, and growth. The largest green party in Europe is Alliance '90/The Greens (German: Bündnis 90/Die Grünen) in Germany, which was formed in 1993 from the merger of the German Green Party, founded in West Germany in 1980, and Alliance 90, founded during the Revolution of 1989–1990 in East Germany. In the 2009 federal elections, the party won 10.7% of the votes and 68 out of 622 seats in the Bundestag.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "List of Masters Tournament champions", "paragraph_text": "Jack Nicklaus holds the record for the most Masters victories, winning the tournament six times during his career. Nicklaus is also the oldest winner of the Masters: he was 46 years 82 days old when he won in 1986. Nicklaus, Nick Faldo, and Tiger Woods co-hold the record for most consecutive victories with two. Woods was the youngest winner of the Masters, 21 years 104 days old when he won in 1997. Woods also set the record for the widest winning margin (12 strokes), and the lowest winning score, with 270, 18 below par (- 18) in 1997. The latter was equaled by Jordan Spieth in 2015.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Battle Cat", "paragraph_text": "Battle Cat is a fictional character in the Masters of the Universe franchise. He is a large cat with green fur and yellow stripes in a tiger - like pattern, and he serves primarily as He - Man's fighting mount.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "1996 Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "Nick Faldo won his third Masters and his sixth and final major title, five strokes ahead of runner-up Greg Norman. Faldo overcame a six-stroke deficit going into the final day as Norman, leader after each of the first three rounds, faltered down the stretch once again at Augusta. The win was the seventh by a European in the last nine Masters. The first win by an Australian at the Masters came seventeen years later when Adam Scott won in 2013.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Sewn Mouth Secrets", "paragraph_text": "\"Sewn Mouth Secrets\" was Soilent Green's first full-length album to be released on Relapse Records; they had already worked with the label for their previous EP \"A String of Lies\". It was recorded in 1998, the 22nd of May through the 1st of June; it was produced by Keith Falgout and Soilent Green. It was mixed during the 20th and 21st of June of the same year at Festival Studios by Keith Falgout and the band. It was mastered by Dave Shirk at Sonorous Mastering, Inc., in Tempe, Arizona. The album was finally released on September 22, 1998. Scott Hull remastered the album at Visceral Sound for a compilation with the EP \"A String of Lies\" which was released on October 11, 2005.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Roger Federer", "paragraph_text": "In 2003, Federer won his first Grand Slam singles title at Wimbledon, beating Mark Philippoussis in the final. Federer won his first and only doubles Masters Series 1000 event in Miami with Max Mirnyi and made it to one singles Masters Series 1000 event in Rome on clay, which he lost. Federer made it to nine finals on the ATP Tour and won seven of them, including the 500 series events at Dubai and Vienna. Lastly, Federer won the year - end championships over Andre Agassi, finishing the year as world # 2, narrowly behind Andy Roddick by only 160 points.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Alpha Industries", "paragraph_text": "Alpha Industries is an American clothing manufacturer founded in 1959 in Knoxville, Tennessee. Initially a contractor to the United States military, the company grew into an international commercial seller of American military style and fashion apparel. Alpha makes items such as flight jackets and vests, and has made jackets for the military of the United States like the M65 Jacket for over half a century. The jackets are made for men and women, as well as children. Popular models include the MA-1 and CWU-45/P pilot jackets.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "1996 Masters of Formula 3", "paragraph_text": "The 1996 Marlboro Masters of Formula 3 was the sixth Masters of Formula 3 race held at Circuit Park Zandvoort on 4 August 1996. It was won by Kurt Mollekens, for Alan Docking Racing.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "The tournament has a number of traditions. Since 1949, a green jacket has been awarded to the champion, who must return it to the clubhouse one year after his victory, although it remains his personal property and is stored with other champions' jackets in a specially designated cloakroom. In most instances, only a first - time and currently reigning champion may remove his jacket from the club grounds. A golfer who wins the event multiple times uses the same green jacket awarded upon his initial win (unless he needs to be re-fitted with a new jacket). The Champions Dinner, inaugurated by Ben Hogan in 1952, is held on the Tuesday before each tournament, and is open only to past champions and certain board members of the Augusta National Golf Club. Beginning in 1963, legendary golfers, usually past champions, have hit an honorary tee shot on the morning of the first round to commence play. These have included Fred McLeod, Jock Hutchinson, Gene Sarazen, Sam Snead, Byron Nelson, Arnold Palmer, Jack Nicklaus, and Gary Player. Since 1960, a semi-social contest at the par - 3 course has been played on Wednesday, the day before the first round.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Roy Schooley", "paragraph_text": "Roy D. Schooley (April 13, 1880 – November 13, 1933) was a former hockey referee who later became the manager of both Duquesne Gardens, located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and the Pittsburgh Yellow Jackets of the United States Amateur Hockey Association. In 1925, the Yellow Jackets hockey club, evolved into the Pittsburgh Pirates of the National Hockey League. On March 16, 1920 at the Duquesne Gardens, he helped found USA Hockey, the governing body for amateur ice hockey in the United States. That same year, he assembled the first U.S. Olympic Hockey Team which won a silver medal at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp, Belgium and is credited with helping to foster the growth of hockey in the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Tennis Masters Series records and statistics", "paragraph_text": "Ivan Lendl and Novak Djokovic are the only players to win all nine events during their careers. However, since the creation of the ``Masters 1000 ''in 2009, Novak Djokovic is the only player to claim all nine ATP Masters 1000 events. Winning all nine events during a career has been called a`` Career 'Golden Masters'''. Rafael Nadal has won the most number of ATP Masters 1000 singles titles. He has won 33 titles to date. Bob Bryan and Mike Bryan have won the most doubles titles of all - time with 38.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Aleksander Sznapik", "paragraph_text": "He won at Warsaw 1979 and shared first at Copenhagen (Politiken Cup) in 1984 and 1989, shared second at Biel Masters Open Tournament 1987 (Lev Gutman won).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Sergei Zjukin", "paragraph_text": "Sergei Zjukin (born 19 January 1972, Tallinn, Estonia) is an Estonian chess player, who won the Estonian Chess Championship. He was awarded the International Master title in 2000.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "David Mostyn", "paragraph_text": "Educated at Downside School and at the Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst, David Mostyn was commissioned into the Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry in 1949. He was mentioned in despatches for helping to suppress the Brunei Revolt in 1962 whilst serving with the 1st Green Jackets (43rd and 52nd). In 1969 he was appointed Commanding Officer of the 2nd Battalion The Royal Green Jackets and was deployed to BAOR and Northern Ireland. In 1972 he went on to command the 8th Infantry Brigade. In 1980 he became Commandant of the British Sector in Berlin and in 1983 he was appointed Military Secretary. He went on to be Adjutant General in 1986 retiring from the British Army in 1989.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Jack Nicklaus", "paragraph_text": "Jack William Nicklaus (born January 21, 1940), nicknamed The Golden Bear, is an American retired professional golfer. In the opinion of many observers, he is the greatest golfer of all time. During a span of more than 25 years, he won a record 18 major championships, three ahead of Tiger Woods (15). Nicklaus focused on the major championships—Masters Tournament, U.S. Open, Open Championship and PGA Championship—and played a selective schedule of regular PGA Tour events. He has competed in more major championships (164) than any other player. He finished with 73 PGA Tour victories, third on the all-time list behind Sam Snead (82) and Tiger Woods (81).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Bożena Sikora-Giżyńska", "paragraph_text": "Bożena Sikora-Giżyńska (born 18 April 1960) is a Polish chess player who won the Polish Women's Chess Championship in 1990. FIDE Woman International Master (1986).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Jacques Esclassan", "paragraph_text": "Jacques Esclassan (born 3 September 1948) is a French former road bicycle racer who won the green jersey in the 1977 Tour de France. He also won five stages in Tour de France and a stage in Vuelta a España.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Petteri Nummelin", "paragraph_text": "Timo Petteri Nummelin (born November 25, 1972) is a Finnish former professional ice hockey defenceman who played in the National Hockey League for the Minnesota Wild and Columbus Blue Jackets. He was drafted by the Columbus Blue Jackets as their fifth-round pick, #133 overall, in the 2000 NHL Entry Draft.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 93487, "question": "who has won the most masters green jackets", "answer": "Jack Nicklaus", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 }, { "id": 159941, "question": "Who is #1 ?", "answer": "an American retired professional golfer", "paragraph_support_idx": 16 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Batman (comic book)", "paragraph_text": "Batman is an ongoing American comic book series featuring the DC Comics superhero Batman as its main protagonist. The character first appeared in Detective Comics # 27 (cover dated May 1939). Batman proved to be so popular that a self - titled ongoing comic book series began publication with a cover date of Spring 1940. It was first advertised in early April 1940, one month after the first appearance of his new sidekick, Robin, the Boy Wonder.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Batman Returns", "paragraph_text": "Batman Returns is a 1992 American superhero film directed by Tim Burton, based on the DC Comics character Batman. It is a sequel to the 1989 film \"Batman\" and the second installment of Warner Bros. initial \"Batman\" film series, with Michael Keaton reprising the role of Bruce Wayne / Batman. The film, produced by Denise Di Novi and Burton, also stars Danny DeVito, Michelle Pfeiffer, Christopher Walken, Michael Gough, Pat Hingle, and Michael Murphy. In \"Batman Returns\", Batman finds a new foe in the form of the Penguin, whose aim is to kill all of Gotham City's firstborn sons, while dealing with Selina Kyle/Catwoman, the former secretary of businessman Max Shreck and who seeks vengeance against Shreck for attempting to kill her to hide his own plans to bring the city under his control.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Dr. Hackenstein", "paragraph_text": "Dr. Hackenstein is a 1988 comedy horror film written and directed by Richard Clark and distributed by Troma Entertainment. After the death of his wife, Dr. Hackenstein (David Muir) concocts the perfect plan: with the help of a few graverobbers and a couple of lost girls, he can use the spare parts to reanimate his dead spouse and build a better woman.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Batman (1989 film)", "paragraph_text": "Batman is a 1989 American superhero film directed by Tim Burton and produced by Jon Peters and Peter Guber, based on the DC Comics character of the same name. It is the first installment of Warner Bros. 'initial Batman film series. The film stars Michael Keaton as Bruce Wayne / Batman and Jack Nicholson as the Joker, alongside Kim Basinger, Robert Wuhl, Pat Hingle, Billy Dee Williams, Michael Gough and Jack Palance. The film takes place early in the title character's war on crime, and depicts a battle with his nemesis the Joker.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Planet of the Apes (2001 film)", "paragraph_text": "Planet of the Apes is a 2001 American science fiction film directed by Tim Burton and starring Mark Wahlberg, Tim Roth, Helena Bonham Carter, Michael Clarke Duncan, Paul Giamatti, and Estella Warren. The sixth film produced in the \"Planet of the Apes\" franchise, it was loosely adapted from Pierre Boulle's 1963 novel of the same name and the 1968 film version. It tells the story of astronaut Leo Davidson crash-landing on a planet inhabited by intelligent apes. The apes treat humans as slaves, but with the help of an ape named Ari, Leo starts a rebellion.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Batman", "paragraph_text": "The first Batman story, \"The Case of the Chemical Syndicate\", was published in Detective Comics #27 (May 1939). Finger said, \"Batman was originally written in the style of the pulps\", and this influence was evident with Batman showing little remorse over killing or maiming criminals. Batman proved a hit character, and he received his own solo title in 1940 while continuing to star in Detective Comics. By that time, Detective Comics was the top-selling and most influential publisher in the industry; Batman and the company's other major hero, Superman, were the cornerstones of the company's success. The two characters were featured side-by-side as the stars of World's Finest Comics, which was originally titled World's Best Comics when it debuted in fall 1940. Creators including Jerry Robinson and Dick Sprang also worked on the strips during this period.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Lew Moxon", "paragraph_text": "Lew Moxon is a fictional character in the DC Comics Batman series. He is most famous for hiring Joe Chill to murder young Bruce Wayne's parents in early versions of Batman's origin story, thus making him indirectly responsible for Batman's existence.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Batman", "paragraph_text": "Batman meets and regularly works with other heroes during the silver age, most notably Superman, whom he began regularly working alongside in a series of team-ups in World's Finest Comics, starting in 1954 and continuing through the series' cancellation in 1986. Batman and Superman are usually depicted as close friends. As a founding member of the Justice League of America, Batman appears in its first story, in 1960's Brave and the Bold #28. In the 1970s and 1980s, Brave and the Bold became a Batman title, in which Batman teams up with a different DC Universe superhero each month.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Martha Wayne", "paragraph_text": "Lauren Cohan portrays Martha Wayne in the 2016 film Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice. During the opening credits, Martha tried to fight the mugger after Thomas gets shot to protect their son only to be killed herself. The mugger's gun gets stuck in her pearl neckalace, and its Recoil damages the necklace. Before dying, her husband yells out her name after seeing her corpse. When Batman and Superman clash due to Lex Luthor's manipulations, Batman spares Superman when Superman asks Batman to ``save Martha ''due to the memories of his own mother and Lois Lane mentioning that Superman's mother is also named Martha.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "The Dark Knight Rises", "paragraph_text": "The Dark Knight Rises is a 2012 American - British superhero film directed by Christopher Nolan, who co-wrote the screenplay with his brother Jonathan Nolan, and the story with David S. Goyer. Featuring the DC Comics character Batman, the film is the final installment in Nolan's The Dark Knight Trilogy, and the sequel to The Dark Knight (2008). Christian Bale reprises the lead role of Bruce Wayne / Batman, with a returning cast of allies: Michael Caine as Alfred Pennyworth, Gary Oldman as James Gordon, and Morgan Freeman as Lucius Fox. The film introduces Selina Kyle (Anne Hathaway) and Bane (Tom Hardy). Eight years after the events of The Dark Knight, merciless revolutionary Bane forces an older Bruce Wayne to resume his role as Batman and save Gotham City from nuclear destruction.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "The Lovers of Lisbon", "paragraph_text": "The Lovers of Lisbon is a 1955 French drama film directed by Henri Verneuil and starring Daniel Gélin, Françoise Arnoul, Trevor Howard and Betty Stockfeld. Two French exiles in Lisbon fall in love after both have murdered their spouses. It was based on a novel by Joseph Kessel. Its French title is Les amants du Tage.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Blanche of Anjou", "paragraph_text": "Blanche of Anjou (1280 – 14 October 1310) was Queen of Aragon as the second spouse of King James II. She was a member of the Capetian House of Anjou, she is also known as \"Blanche of Naples\". She served as Regent or \"Queen-Lieutenant\" of Aragon during the absence of her spouse in 1310.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Mehmet Sincar", "paragraph_text": "Mehmet Sincar (1953 in İkipınar, Mardin Province – 4 September 1993 in Batman) was a Turkish-Kurdish politician, and a Democracy Party (DEP) member of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey. He was assassinated in September 1993 together with the local chairman of the DEP in Batman. The Turkish Revenge Brigade took responsibility.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Batman Forever", "paragraph_text": "\"Batman Forever\"s tone is significantly different from the previous installments, becoming more family-friendly since Warner Bros. believed that \"Batman Returns\" failed to outgross its predecessor due to parent complaints about the film's violence and dark overtones. Schumacher eschewed the dark, dystopian atmosphere of Burton's films by drawing inspiration from the Batman comic books of the Dick Sprang era, as well as the 1960s television series. After Keaton chose not to reprise his role, William Baldwin and Ethan Hawke were considered as a replacement before Val Kilmer joined the cast.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Batman (1966 film)", "paragraph_text": "Batman (often promoted as Batman: The Movie) is a 1966 American superhero film based on the Batman television series, and the first full - length theatrical adaptation of the DC Comics character Batman. Released by 20th Century Fox, the film starred Adam West as Batman and Burt Ward as Robin. The film hit theaters two months after the last episode of the first season of the television series. The film includes most members of the original TV cast, with the exception of Lee Meriwether as Catwoman, the character previously played by Julie Newmar in two episodes of the series' first season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Harley Quinn", "paragraph_text": "Harley Quinn (Dr. Harleen Frances Quinzel) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The character was created by Paul Dini and Bruce Timm, and first appeared in Batman: The Animated Series in September 1992. She later appeared in DC Comics's Batman comic books, with the character's first comic book appearance in The Batman Adventures # 12 (September 1993).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Batman: Under the Red Hood", "paragraph_text": "Batman: Under the Red Hood is a 2010 American animated superhero direct - to - video film produced by Warner Bros. Animation and released by Warner Home Video. It is the eighth feature in the DC Universe Animated Original Movies series. It was released on July 27, 2010. The film stars Bruce Greenwood as Bruce Wayne / Batman, Jensen Ackles as the Red Hood / Jason Todd, John DiMaggio as the Joker, Neil Patrick Harris as Nightwing / Dick Grayson, Jason Isaacs as Ra's al Ghul, and Wade Williams as Black Mask. The screenplay was written by Judd Winick, who also wrote the ``Under the Hood ''run in the monthly Batman comic.As in the comic, it focuses on Batman dealing with the return of his former apprentice, the second Robin, Jason Todd, who now goes by the moniker of Red Hood, a murderous vigilante and the former alias of Batman's archenemy, The Joker, on whom Jason is trying to exact revenge.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "The Dark Knight Rises", "paragraph_text": "The Dark Knight Rises is a 2012 superhero film directed by Christopher Nolan, who co-wrote the screenplay with his brother Jonathan Nolan, and the story with David S. Goyer. Featuring the DC Comics character Batman, the film is the final installment in Nolan's The Dark Knight Trilogy, and the sequel to The Dark Knight (2008). Christian Bale reprises the lead role of Bruce Wayne / Batman, with a returning cast of allies: Michael Caine as Alfred Pennyworth, Gary Oldman as James Gordon, and Morgan Freeman as Lucius Fox. The film introduces Selina Kyle (Anne Hathaway) and Bane (Tom Hardy). Eight years after the events of The Dark Knight, merciless revolutionary Bane forces an older Bruce Wayne to resume his role as Batman and save Gotham City from nuclear destruction.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Justice League (film)", "paragraph_text": "With the release of Man of Steel in June 2013, Goyer was hired to write a sequel, as well as a new Justice League, with the Beall draft being scrapped. The sequel was later revealed to be Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice, a team - up film featuring Henry Cavill as Superman, Ben Affleck as Batman, Gal Gadot as Wonder Woman, Ezra Miller as The Flash, Jason Momoa as Aquaman, and Ray Fisher as Victor Stone / Cyborg, the latter three in minor roles that became more significant in the Justice League film. The universe is separate from Nolan and Goyer's work on The Dark Knight trilogy, although Nolan was still involved as an executive producer for Batman v Superman. In April 2014, it was announced that Zack Snyder would also direct Goyer's Justice League script. Warner Bros. was reportedly courting Chris Terrio to rewrite Justice League the following July, after having been impressed with his rewrite of Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice. On October 15, 2014, Warner Bros. announced the film would be released in two parts, with Part One on November 17, 2017, and Part Two on June 14, 2019. Snyder was set to direct both films. In early July 2015, EW revealed that the script for Justice League Part One had been completed by Terrio. Zack Snyder stated that the film would be inspired by the New Gods comic series by Jack Kirby. Although Justice League was initially announced as a two - part film, with the second part set for release two years after the first, Snyder stated in June 2016 that they would be two distinct, separate films and not one film split into two parts, both being stand - alone stories.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Steven Spielberg", "paragraph_text": "After two forays into more serious dramatic films, Spielberg then directed the third Indiana Jones film, 1989's Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade. Once again teaming up with Lucas and Ford, Spielberg also cast actor Sean Connery in a supporting role as Indy's father. The film earned generally positive reviews and was another box office success, becoming the highest grossing film worldwide that year; its total box office receipts even topped those of Tim Burton's much-anticipated film Batman, which had been the bigger hit domestically. Also in 1989, he re-united with actor Richard Dreyfuss for the romantic comedy-drama Always, about a daredevil pilot who extinguishes forest fires. Spielberg's first romantic film, Always was only a moderate success and had mixed reviews.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 32056, "question": "Who directed 'Batman'?", "answer": "Tim Burton", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 }, { "id": 423632, "question": "#1 >> spouse", "answer": "Helena Bonham Carter", "paragraph_support_idx": 4 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Rives McBee", "paragraph_text": "McBee was born in Denton, Texas, and has called nearby Irving home for most of his life. He played on the PGA Tour from 1965 to 1971, before accepting a job as the head golf professional at Las Colinas Country Club in Irving. His best finish in a major championship was T-13 at the 1966 U.S. Open. He was a founding member of the Northern Texas Junior Golf Association, and a former Northern Texas PGA \"Teacher of the Year\". McBee won the club pro's national title in 1973.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Barbara Barrow", "paragraph_text": "Barrow played college golf at San Diego State University, when in 1975 she won the national individual intercollegiate golf championship. She was a member of the U.S. Curtis Cup team in 1976. She was inducted into the San Diego State University Aztec Hall of Fame in 1992", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "2013 Open Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 2013 Open Championship was a men's major golf championship and the 142nd Open Championship, held from 18 -- 21 July at Muirfield Golf Links in Gullane, East Lothian, Scotland. Phil Mickelson shot a final round 66 (− 5) to win his fifth major title, three strokes ahead of runner - up Henrik Stenson. Mickelson began the round five strokes back, in a tie for ninth place. Ian Poulter, Adam Scott, and 54 - hole leader Lee Westwood tied for third, four back of Mickelson.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "2004 U.S. Open (golf)", "paragraph_text": "The 2004 United States Open Championship was the 104th U.S. Open, held June 17 -- 20 at Shinnecock Hills Golf Club in Shinnecock Hills, New York. Retief Goosen won his second U.S. Open title, two strokes ahead of runner - up Phil Mickelson, the reigning Masters champion. The purse was $6.25 million with a winner's share of $1.125 million.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Three Rivers High School (Texas)", "paragraph_text": "Three Rivers High School is a high school in Three Rivers, Texas, United States. It is operated by Three Rivers Independent School District. The Three Rivers Bulldogs compete in cross country, volleyball, football, basketball, golf, tennis, track, softball & baseball. They have won state titles in Boys Golf in 2003 and 2004, and in Boys Track in 1955, 1985, and 1989. In 2017, the principal reported a teacher's aide to the police for an \"inappropriate relationship\" with two students, leading to an arrest.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "2017 Open Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 2017 Open Championship was a men's major golf championship and the 146th Open Championship, held from 20 -- 23 July at Royal Birkdale Golf Club in Southport, England. It was the tenth Open Championship at Royal Birkdale, which held its first in 1954.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Brett Ogle", "paragraph_text": "Ogle was born in Paddington, New South Wales, adopted at 6 weeks of age and was brought up in the town of Goulburn. He was a successful hockey player in his early years representing Southern Zone. He was also a State Champion sprinter at 200m and table tennis player, winning the NSW Schoolboys doubles title in 1978. He took up the game of golf not long after and reduced his golfing handicap from 32 to 1 in just two years. He was the Senior and Junior Club Champion at his home club in Goulburn, Tully Park. His first big break through was the Senior and Junior Club Champion of Champions event at the Federal Golf Club in 1980, a tournament that pitted all of the NSW Club Champions together. Ogle then won the NSW Junior in 1984 and 1985 along with NSW Senior in 1985 turning pro in December of that year.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Babe Didrikson Zaharias", "paragraph_text": "Mildred Ella ``Babe ''Didrikson Zaharias (/ zəˈhɑːriəs /; June 26, 1911 -- September 27, 1956) was an American athlete who achieved a great deal of success in golf, basketball, baseball and track and field. She won two gold medals in track and field at the 1932 Summer Olympics, before turning to professional golf and winning 10 LPGA major championships. She is widely regarded as one of the greatest female athletes of all time.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "2002 Tonga Major League", "paragraph_text": "The 2002 season of the Tonga Major League was the 24th season of top flight association football competition in Tonga. Lotohaʻapai United won the championship for the fifth time, the 5th in a record streak of 11 titles in the Tonga Major League.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "List of men's major championships winning golfers", "paragraph_text": "Jack Nicklaus has won the most majors; he won 18 during his career. Second on the list is Tiger Woods, who has won 14 majors to date; his most recent major victory was at the 2008 U.S. Open. Walter Hagen is third with 11 majors; he and Nicklaus have both won the most PGA Championships with five. Nicklaus also holds the record for the most victories in the Masters, winning the competition six times. Nicklaus also shares the record for the most U.S. Open victories with Willie Anderson, Bobby Jones and Ben Hogan, each winning this competition four times. Harry Vardon holds the record for the most Open Championship victories, winning six times during his career. Nicklaus, Woods, Hogan, Gary Player and Gene Sarazen are the only golfers to have won all four of the majors during their career, thus achieving the so - called career slam.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Amanda Blumenherst", "paragraph_text": "Amanda Blumenherst (born November 4, 1986) is an American professional golfer who plays on the U.S.-based LPGA Tour. She was a three-time National Player of the Year at Duke University and won the U.S. Women's Amateur title in 2008. In 2013, she announced that she would take a leave from professional golf to spend more time with her husband, major league baseball player Nate Freiman.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Arnond Vongvanij", "paragraph_text": "Vongvanij was born in Hawaii but grew up in Thailand. He moved to Florida at the age of 12 to play golf. He played college golf at the University of Florida where he won three times.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Mario Golf: Toadstool Tour", "paragraph_text": "Mario Golf: Toadstool Tour, known in Japan as , is a 2003 sports game developed by Camelot Software Planning and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo GameCube. It is the sequel to the 1999 Nintendo 64 title \"Mario Golf\", and is the second game in the \"Mario Golf\" series. It was released in North America on July 28, 2003, in Japan on September 5, 2003, and in the PAL region in 2004.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Augusta National Golf Club", "paragraph_text": "Augusta National Golf Club, located in Augusta, Georgia, is one of the most famous golf clubs in the world. Founded by Bobby Jones and Clifford Roberts on the site of the former Fruitland (later Fruitlands) Nursery, the course was designed by Jones and Alister MacKenzie and opened for play in January 1933. Since 1934, it has played host to the annual Masters Tournament, one of the four major championships in professional golf, and the only major played each year at the same course. It was the top - ranked course in Golf Digest's 2009 list of America's 100 greatest courses and was the number ten - ranked course based on course architecture on Golfweek Magazine's 2011 list of best classic courses in the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Alex Russell (golfer)", "paragraph_text": "Commissioned in the Royal Garrison Artillery on 9 October 1914, Russell served on the Western Front during World War I, where he was twice wounded, won the Military Cross, and in 1918 was promoted acting major. After the war he and his wife returned to Australia and lived at Sandringham in Melbourne, close to the Royal Melbourne Golf Club.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "1961 Open Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 1961 Open Championship was the 90th Open Championship, played 12–15 July at Royal Birkdale Golf Club in Southport, England. Arnold Palmer won the first of two consecutive Open Championships, one stroke ahead of Dai Rees. It was the second Open for Palmer, the runner-up in his first in 1960, and the fourth of his seven major titles. He was the first American to win the Claret Jug since Ben Hogan in 1953. This was the second Open Championship at Royal Birkdale, which hosted in 1954.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Mike Nicolette", "paragraph_text": "Nicolette was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He attended Rollins College in Winter Park, Florida and was a member of the golf team. While a student at Rollins, he won the 1976 NCAA Division II Men's Golf Championship. He turned pro in 1978.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Novak Djokovic", "paragraph_text": "Djokovic is widely regarded as one of the greatest tennis players of all time. He has won 13 Grand Slam singles titles, five ATP Finals titles, 30 Masters 1000 series titles, 12 ATP World Tour 500 tournaments, and has held the No. 1 spot in the ATP rankings for a total of 223 weeks. In majors, he has won six Australian Open titles, four Wimbledon titles, two US Open titles and one French Open title. In 2016, he became the eighth player in history to achieve the Career Grand Slam. Following his victory at the 2016 French Open, he became the third man to hold all four major titles at once, the first since Rod Laver in 1969, and the first ever to do so on three different surfaces.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Jack Nicklaus", "paragraph_text": "Jack William Nicklaus (born January 21, 1940), nicknamed The Golden Bear, is an American retired professional golfer. In the opinion of many observers, he is the greatest golfer of all time. During a span of more than 25 years, he won a record 18 major championships, three ahead of Tiger Woods (15). Nicklaus focused on the major championships—Masters Tournament, U.S. Open, Open Championship and PGA Championship—and played a selective schedule of regular PGA Tour events. He has competed in more major championships (164) than any other player. He finished with 73 PGA Tour victories, third on the all-time list behind Sam Snead (82) and Tiger Woods (81).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Naples, Florida", "paragraph_text": "With more than 80 championship golf courses in the Naples area, Naples is the self - titled ``Golf Capital of the World '', claiming to have more holes per capita than any other community.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 56428, "question": "who has won the most major golf titles", "answer": "Jack Nicklaus", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 }, { "id": 159941, "question": "Who is #1 ?", "answer": "an American retired professional golfer", "paragraph_support_idx": 18 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Simone de la Chaume", "paragraph_text": "In 1924, she became the first foreign player to win the Girls Amateur Championship and in 1927 the first to win the British Ladies Amateur, then the most prestigious tournament in British and European ladies' golf and an event her daughter, Catherine Lacoste, would also win 42 years later.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "1996 Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "The 1996 Masters Tournament was the 60th Masters Tournament, held April 11–14 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "2013 Open Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 2013 Open Championship was a men's major golf championship and the 142nd Open Championship, held from 18 -- 21 July at Muirfield Golf Links in Gullane, East Lothian, Scotland. Phil Mickelson shot a final round 66 (− 5) to win his fifth major title, three strokes ahead of runner - up Henrik Stenson. Mickelson began the round five strokes back, in a tie for ninth place. Ian Poulter, Adam Scott, and 54 - hole leader Lee Westwood tied for third, four back of Mickelson.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "2012 WGC-HSBC Champions", "paragraph_text": "The 2012 WGC-HSBC Champions was a golf tournament played 1–4 November 2012 at the Olazabal Course of Mission Hills Golf Club in Shenzhen, China. It was the fourth WGC-HSBC Champions tournament, and the fourth of four World Golf Championships events held in 2012. The event was won by Ryder Cup star Ian Poulter who shot consecutive rounds of 65 (−7) on the weekend and broke the tournament scoring record with 267 (−21) for his second WGC win. Two strokes back were runners-up Jason Dufner, Ernie Els, Phil Mickelson, and Scott Piercy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Edwin Hunter (sportsman)", "paragraph_text": "Edwin Hunter (March 25, 1874 – March 30, 1935) was an American golf and tennis player. He competed in the individual golf event and the men's doubles tennis tournament at the 1904 Summer Olympics.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Dan Pohl", "paragraph_text": "Danny Joe Pohl (born April 1, 1955) is an American professional golfer who has played on the PGA Tour and the Champions Tour. He won two PGA Tour tournaments (the 1986 Colonial and the 1986 World Series of Golf at Firestone Country Club) and tied Craig Stadler for first place in the 1982 Masters Tournament before losing in a playoff. Pohl competed for his country as a member of the 1987 Ryder Cup team at Muirfield Village Golf Club.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "2012 Championship League", "paragraph_text": "The 2012 Championship League was a professional non-ranking snooker tournament that was played from 9 January to 22 March 2012 at the Crondon Park Golf Club in Stock, England.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Augusta National Golf Club", "paragraph_text": "Augusta National Golf Club, located in Augusta, Georgia, is one of the most famous golf clubs in the world. Founded by Bobby Jones and Clifford Roberts on the site of the former Fruitland (later Fruitlands) Nursery, the course was designed by Jones and Alister MacKenzie and opened for play in January 1933. Since 1934, it has played host to the annual Masters Tournament, one of the four major championships in professional golf, and the only major played each year at the same course. It was the top - ranked course in Golf Digest's 2009 list of America's 100 greatest courses and was the number ten - ranked course based on course architecture on Golfweek Magazine's 2011 list of best classic courses in the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "1989 Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "The 1989 Masters Tournament was the 53rd Masters Tournament, held April 6–9 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Babe Didrikson Zaharias", "paragraph_text": "Mildred Ella ``Babe ''Didrikson Zaharias (/ zəˈhɑːriəs /; June 26, 1911 -- September 27, 1956) was an American athlete who achieved a great deal of success in golf, basketball, baseball and track and field. She won two gold medals in track and field at the 1932 Summer Olympics, before turning to professional golf and winning 10 LPGA major championships. She is widely regarded as one of the greatest female athletes of all time.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "1954 Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "The 1954 Masters Tournament was the 18th Masters Tournament, held April 8–12 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. Sam Snead defeated defending champion Ben Hogan by one stroke in an 18-hole Monday playoff to win his third Masters tournament. It was Snead's seventh and final major victory.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Roger Federer career statistics", "paragraph_text": "Federer has won the most grand slam tournament titles for a male player (19). He has reached the most finals (29), semifinals (42) and quarterfinals (51). He has participated in the highest number of majors (71), and the most consecutively (65). He has won the most matches at these tournaments (325). He is the only man to reach each final at least five times. He is the only man to win three tournaments five times each. He is the only man to win two of these tournaments five times consecutively. He is one of eight men to win all four majors.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Mark O'Meara", "paragraph_text": "Mark O'Meara O'Meara in 2005 Full name Mark Francis O'Meara (1957 - 01 - 13) January 13, 1957 (age 61) Goldsboro, North Carolina Height 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m) Weight 195 lb (88 kg; 13.9 st) Nationality United States Residence Houston, Texas Spouse Meredith O'Meara Children Michelle, Shaun, Aidan Berkman (stepson) Career College Long Beach State University Turned professional 1980 Current tour (s) PGA Tour Champions (joined 2007) Former tour (s) PGA Tour (joined 1981) Professional wins 34 Number of wins by tour PGA Tour 16 European Tour Japan Golf Tour PGA Tour Champions Best results in major championships (wins: 2) Masters Tournament Won: 1998 U.S. Open T3: 1988 The Open Championship Won: 1998 PGA Championship T4: 1998 Achievements and awards World Golf Hall of Fame 2015 (member page) PGA Player of the Year 1998 PGA Tour Player of the Year 1998", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Men's major golf championships", "paragraph_text": "The majors originally consisted of two British tournaments, The Open Championship and The Amateur Championship, and two American tournaments, the U.S. Open and the U.S. Amateur. With the introduction of the Masters Tournament in 1934, and the rise of professional golf in the late 1940s and 1950s, the term ``major championships ''eventually came to describe the Masters, the U.S. Open, the Open Championship, and the PGA Championship. It is difficult to determine when the definition changed to include the current four tournaments, although many trace it to Arnold Palmer's 1960 season. After winning the Masters and the U.S. Open to start the season, he remarked that if he could win the Open Championship and PGA Championship to finish the season, he would complete`` a grand slam of his own'' to rival Bobby Jones's 1930 feat. Until that time, many U.S. players such as Byron Nelson also considered the Western Open and the North and South Open as two of golf's ``majors, ''and the British PGA Matchplay Championship was as important to British and Commonwealth professionals as the PGA Championship was to Americans.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "The Masters was started by noted amateur champion Bobby Jones and investment banker Clifford Roberts. After his grand slam in 1930, Jones acquired the former plant nursery and co-designed Augusta National with course architect Alister MacKenzie. First played 84 years ago in 1934, the tournament is an official money event on the PGA Tour, the European Tour, and the Japan Golf Tour. The field of players is smaller than those of the other major championships because it is an invitational event, held by the Augusta National Golf Club.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "2018 WGC-Bridgestone Invitational", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 WGC - Bridgestone Invitational was a professional golf tournament held August 2 -- 5 on the South Course of Firestone Country Club in Akron, Ohio. It was the 20th WGC - Bridgestone Invitational tournament, and the third of the World Golf Championships events in 2018.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "List of men's major championships winning golfers", "paragraph_text": "Jack Nicklaus has won the most majors; he won 18 during his career. Second on the list is Tiger Woods, who has won 14 majors to date; his most recent major victory was at the 2008 U.S. Open. Walter Hagen is third with 11 majors; he and Nicklaus have both won the most PGA Championships with five. Nicklaus also holds the record for the most victories in the Masters, winning the competition six times. Nicklaus also shares the record for the most U.S. Open victories with Willie Anderson, Bobby Jones and Ben Hogan, each winning this competition four times. Harry Vardon holds the record for the most Open Championship victories, winning six times during his career. Nicklaus, Woods, Hogan, Gary Player and Gene Sarazen are the only golfers to have won all four of the majors during their career, thus achieving the so - called career slam.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Jack Nicklaus", "paragraph_text": "Jack William Nicklaus (born January 21, 1940), nicknamed The Golden Bear, is an American retired professional golfer. In the opinion of many observers, he is the greatest golfer of all time. During a span of more than 25 years, he won a record 18 major championships, three ahead of Tiger Woods (15). Nicklaus focused on the major championships—Masters Tournament, U.S. Open, Open Championship and PGA Championship—and played a selective schedule of regular PGA Tour events. He has competed in more major championships (164) than any other player. He finished with 73 PGA Tour victories, third on the all-time list behind Sam Snead (82) and Tiger Woods (81).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "NES Open Tournament Golf", "paragraph_text": "NES Open Tournament Golf, known in Japan as , is a 1991 sports game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Entertainment System. \"NES Open Tournament Golf\" is the second Nintendo published golf-based video game released for the NES, the first game being \"Golf\". In addition to the Famicom version of \"Golf\", there were two other Nintendo published golf-based video games released in Japan. These games were released in disk format on the Family Computer Disk System in 1987. These two games were \"Family Computer Golf: Japan Course\" and \"Family Computer Golf: U.S. Course\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "1936 Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "The 1936 Masters Tournament was the third Masters Tournament, held April 3–6 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 69727, "question": "who has the most major golf tournament wins", "answer": "Jack Nicklaus", "paragraph_support_idx": 16 }, { "id": 159941, "question": "Who is #1 ?", "answer": "an American retired professional golfer", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Barbara Barrow", "paragraph_text": "Barrow played college golf at San Diego State University, when in 1975 she won the national individual intercollegiate golf championship. She was a member of the U.S. Curtis Cup team in 1976. She was inducted into the San Diego State University Aztec Hall of Fame in 1992", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Arnond Vongvanij", "paragraph_text": "Vongvanij was born in Hawaii but grew up in Thailand. He moved to Florida at the age of 12 to play golf. He played college golf at the University of Florida where he won three times.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Scottish Open (golf)", "paragraph_text": "The Scottish Open (known as the Aberdeen Asset Management Scottish Open for sponsorship reasons) is a golf tournament on the European Tour. The 2016 event was won by Alexander Norén at Castle Stuart, northeast of Inverness.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Dan Pohl", "paragraph_text": "Danny Joe Pohl (born April 1, 1955) is an American professional golfer who has played on the PGA Tour and the Champions Tour. He won two PGA Tour tournaments (the 1986 Colonial and the 1986 World Series of Golf at Firestone Country Club) and tied Craig Stadler for first place in the 1982 Masters Tournament before losing in a playoff. Pohl competed for his country as a member of the 1987 Ryder Cup team at Muirfield Village Golf Club.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "2017 Open Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 2017 Open Championship was a men's major golf championship and the 146th Open Championship, held from 20 -- 23 July at Royal Birkdale Golf Club in Southport, England. It was the tenth Open Championship at Royal Birkdale, which held its first in 1954.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Johnny Fischer", "paragraph_text": "Fischer was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. He won the 1932 NCAA individual golf championship and the Big Ten Conference individual championship in 1932, 1933 and 1935 while playing at the University of Michigan. He also won the 1936 U.S. Amateur.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "1949 Ryder Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 8th Ryder Cup Matches were held 16–17 September 1949, at Ganton Golf Club in Scarborough, North Yorkshire, England. The United States team won the competition by a score of seven to five.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Alex Russell (golfer)", "paragraph_text": "Commissioned in the Royal Garrison Artillery on 9 October 1914, Russell served on the Western Front during World War I, where he was twice wounded, won the Military Cross, and in 1918 was promoted acting major. After the war he and his wife returned to Australia and lived at Sandringham in Melbourne, close to the Royal Melbourne Golf Club.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "List of men's major championships winning golfers", "paragraph_text": "Jack Nicklaus has won the most majors; he won 18 during his career. Second on the list is Tiger Woods, who has won 14 majors to date; his most recent major victory was at the 2008 U.S. Open. Walter Hagen is third with 11 majors; he and Nicklaus have both won the most PGA Championships with five. Nicklaus also holds the record for the most victories in the Masters, winning the competition six times. Nicklaus also shares the record for the most U.S. Open victories with Willie Anderson, Bobby Jones and Ben Hogan, each winning this competition four times. Harry Vardon holds the record for the most Open Championship victories, winning six times during his career. Nicklaus, Woods, Hogan, Gary Player and Gene Sarazen are the only golfers to have won all four of the majors during their career, thus achieving the so - called career slam.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 9, "title": "1961 Open Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 1961 Open Championship was the 90th Open Championship, played 12–15 July at Royal Birkdale Golf Club in Southport, England. Arnold Palmer won the first of two consecutive Open Championships, one stroke ahead of Dai Rees. It was the second Open for Palmer, the runner-up in his first in 1960, and the fourth of his seven major titles. He was the first American to win the Claret Jug since Ben Hogan in 1953. This was the second Open Championship at Royal Birkdale, which hosted in 1954.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Stacy Lewis", "paragraph_text": "Stacy Lewis (born February 16, 1985) is an American professional golfer on the U.S.-based LPGA Tour. She has won two major championships: the Kraft Nabisco Championship in 2011 and the Women's British Open in 2013. She was ranked number one in the Women's World Golf Rankings for four weeks in 2013, and reclaimed the position in June 2014 with a victory at the ShopRite LPGA Classic for another 21 weeks.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Augusta National Golf Club", "paragraph_text": "Augusta National Golf Club, located in Augusta, Georgia, is one of the most famous golf clubs in the world. Founded by Bobby Jones and Clifford Roberts on the site of the former Fruitland (later Fruitlands) Nursery, the course was designed by Jones and Alister MacKenzie and opened for play in January 1933. Since 1934, it has played host to the annual Masters Tournament, one of the four major championships in professional golf, and the only major played each year at the same course. It was the top - ranked course in Golf Digest's 2009 list of America's 100 greatest courses and was the number ten - ranked course based on course architecture on Golfweek Magazine's 2011 list of best classic courses in the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Jack Nicklaus", "paragraph_text": "Jack William Nicklaus (born January 21, 1940), nicknamed The Golden Bear, is an American retired professional golfer. In the opinion of many observers, he is the greatest golfer of all time. During a span of more than 25 years, he won a record 18 major championships, three ahead of Tiger Woods (15). Nicklaus focused on the major championships—Masters Tournament, U.S. Open, Open Championship and PGA Championship—and played a selective schedule of regular PGA Tour events. He has competed in more major championships (164) than any other player. He finished with 73 PGA Tour victories, third on the all-time list behind Sam Snead (82) and Tiger Woods (81).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Mike Nicolette", "paragraph_text": "Nicolette was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He attended Rollins College in Winter Park, Florida and was a member of the golf team. While a student at Rollins, he won the 1976 NCAA Division II Men's Golf Championship. He turned pro in 1978.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Babe Didrikson Zaharias", "paragraph_text": "Mildred Ella ``Babe ''Didrikson Zaharias (/ zəˈhɑːriəs /; June 26, 1911 -- September 27, 1956) was an American athlete who achieved a great deal of success in golf, basketball, baseball and track and field. She won two gold medals in track and field at the 1932 Summer Olympics, before turning to professional golf and winning 10 LPGA major championships. She is widely regarded as one of the greatest female athletes of all time.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Matt Peterson", "paragraph_text": "Peterson was born in Chicago, Illinois. He played college golf at the University of Georgia where he won one event and was a three-time All-American. He turned professional in 1990.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "June Beebe", "paragraph_text": "She was born in Chicago, Illinois. She won the Women's Western Open 1931 and 1933, and finished second in 1930 and 1932. She also competed under her married name, Mrs. Phillip Atwood. She also won the Chicago Women's District Golf Association's Championship twice, in 1933 and 1935.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "2015 Open Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 2015 Open Championship was a men's major golf championship and the 144th Open Championship, held from 16 -- 20 July at the Old Course at St Andrews in Fife, Scotland. It was the 29th Open Championship played at the course and Zach Johnson won in a four - hole playoff for his second major title.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "2012 WGC-HSBC Champions", "paragraph_text": "The 2012 WGC-HSBC Champions was a golf tournament played 1–4 November 2012 at the Olazabal Course of Mission Hills Golf Club in Shenzhen, China. It was the fourth WGC-HSBC Champions tournament, and the fourth of four World Golf Championships events held in 2012. The event was won by Ryder Cup star Ian Poulter who shot consecutive rounds of 65 (−7) on the weekend and broke the tournament scoring record with 267 (−21) for his second WGC win. Two strokes back were runners-up Jason Dufner, Ernie Els, Phil Mickelson, and Scott Piercy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "2013 Open Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 2013 Open Championship was a men's major golf championship and the 142nd Open Championship, held from 18 -- 21 July at Muirfield Golf Links in Gullane, East Lothian, Scotland. Phil Mickelson shot a final round 66 (− 5) to win his fifth major title, three strokes ahead of runner - up Henrik Stenson. Mickelson began the round five strokes back, in a tie for ninth place. Ian Poulter, Adam Scott, and 54 - hole leader Lee Westwood tied for third, four back of Mickelson.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 56691, "question": "who's won the most majors in golf", "answer": "Jack Nicklaus", "paragraph_support_idx": 8 }, { "id": 159941, "question": "Who is #1 ?", "answer": "an American retired professional golfer", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Men's major golf championships", "paragraph_text": "Along with his record 18 major victories, Jack Nicklaus also holds the record for most runner - up finishes in major championships, with 19, including a record 7 at the Open Championship. Phil Mickelson has the second most with 11 runner - up finishes after the 2016 Open Championship, which includes a record 6 runner - up finishes at the U.S. Open, the one major he has never won. Arnold Palmer had 10 second places, including three in the major he never won, the PGA Championship. There have been three golfers with 8 runner - up finishes -- Sam Snead, Greg Norman and Tom Watson. Norman shares the distinction of having lost playoffs in each of the four majors with Craig Wood (who lost the 1934 PGA final -- at match play -- on the second extra hole).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Dustin Johnson", "paragraph_text": "Dustin Johnson Johnson at 2012 Open Championship Full name Dustin Hunter Johnson Nickname DJ (1984 - 06 - 22) June 22, 1984 (age 34) Columbia, South Carolina Height 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m) Weight 190 lb (86 kg; 14 st) Nationality United States Residence Palm Beach Gardens, Florida Spouse Paulina Gretzky Children Career College Coastal Carolina University Turned professional 2007 Current tour (s) PGA Tour Professional wins 20 Number of wins by tour PGA Tour 19 Other Best results in major championships (wins: 1) Masters Tournament T4: 2016 U.S. Open Won: 2016 The Open Championship T2: 2011 PGA Championship T5: 2010 Achievements and awards PGA Player of the Year 2016 PGA Tour Player of the Year 2016 PGA Tour leading money winner 2016 Vardon Trophy 2016 Byron Nelson Award 2016", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "2000 PGA Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 2000 PGA Championship was the 82nd PGA Championship, held August 17–20 at the Valhalla Golf Club in Louisville, Kentucky. It was the second time for the event at Valhalla, which hosted four years earlier in 1996. Tiger Woods won his second straight PGA Championship and fifth major in a three-hole playoff over Bob May. Woods and May finished at 18 under par to set the PGA Championship record to par, later equaled by Woods in 2006. It was the first time since 1937 that a PGA Championship title was successfully defended, and the first ever as a stroke play event. Woods and May were five shots ahead of third-place finisher Thomas Bjørn.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Men's major golf championships", "paragraph_text": "The majors originally consisted of two British tournaments, The Open Championship and The Amateur Championship, and two American tournaments, the U.S. Open and the U.S. Amateur. With the introduction of the Masters Tournament in 1934, and the rise of professional golf in the late 1940s and 1950s, the term ``major championships ''eventually came to describe the Masters, the U.S. Open, the Open Championship, and the PGA Championship. It is difficult to determine when the definition changed to include the current four tournaments, although many trace it to Arnold Palmer's 1960 season. After winning the Masters and the U.S. Open to start the season, he remarked that if he could win the Open Championship and PGA Championship to finish the season, he would complete`` a grand slam of his own'' to rival Bobby Jones's 1930 feat. Until that time, many U.S. players such as Byron Nelson also considered the Western Open and the North and South Open as two of golf's ``majors, ''and the British PGA Matchplay Championship was as important to British and Commonwealth professionals as the PGA Championship was to Americans.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "2010 PGA Championship", "paragraph_text": "Martin Kaymer won his first major championship in a three - hole playoff over Bubba Watson. It was the second PGA Championship in six years at Whistling Straits, the first in 2004 was won by Vijay Singh, also in a playoff.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "The Honda Classic", "paragraph_text": "Some celebrated players have won this tournament, including Nicklaus in 1977 and 1978, the only consecutive winner in its history. However, the tournament had acquired a reputation for struggling to attract the top players as it moved from course to course in South Florida. Since 2007, The Honda Classic has seen a vastly improved player field, largely due to the decision to make PGA National the tournament's permanent home.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Clark Dennis", "paragraph_text": "Clark Sherwood Dennis (born February 14, 1966) is an American professional golfer. He played on the PGA Tour and Nationwide Tour from 1990 to 2000. He had one win on the Nationwide Tour and a best finish of tied for third place on the PGA Tour. He was tied for sixth in the 1994 U.S. Open. He qualified for the 2017 European Senior Tour where he had two tournament wins and won the John Jacobs Trophy as the leader of the Order of Merit.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Brian Henninger", "paragraph_text": "Brian Hatfield Henninger (born October 19, 1962) is an American professional golfer who played on the PGA Tour and the Nationwide Tour. He has won two tournaments on the PGA Tour and three on the Nationwide Tour.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Tiger Woods", "paragraph_text": "Tiger Woods Woods in June 2014 Full name Eldrick Tont Woods Nickname Tiger (1975 - 12 - 30) December 30, 1975 (age 42) Cypress, California Height 6 ft 1 in (185 cm) Weight 185 lb (84 kg) Nationality United States Residence Jupiter Island, Florida Spouse Elin Nordegren (2004 -- 2010) Children Career College Stanford University (did not graduate) Turned professional Current tour (s) PGA Tour (joined 1996) Professional wins 106 Number of wins by tour PGA Tour 79 (2nd all time) European Tour 40 (3rd all time) Japan Golf Tour Asian Tour PGA Tour of Australasia Other 16 Best results in major championships (wins: 14) Masters Tournament Won: 1997, 2001, 2002, 2005 U.S. Open Won: 2000, 2002, 2008 The Open Championship Won: 2000, 2005, 2006 PGA Championship Won: 1999, 2000, 2006, 2007 Achievements and awards PGA Tour Rookie of the Year PGA Player of the Year 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2013 PGA Tour Player of the Year 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2013 PGA Tour leading money winner 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2013 Vardon Trophy 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2013 Byron Nelson Award 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009 FedEx Cup Champion 2007, 2009 (For a full list of awards, see here)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "List of men's major championships winning golfers", "paragraph_text": "Jack Nicklaus has won the most majors, achieving 18 victories during his career. Second on the list is Tiger Woods, who has won 14 majors to date; his most recent major victory was at the 2008 U.S. Open. Walter Hagen is third with 11 majors; he and Nicklaus have both won the most PGA Championships with five. Nicklaus also holds the record for the most victories in the Masters, winning the tournament six times. Additionally, Nicklaus shares the record for the most U.S. Open victories with Willie Anderson, Bobby Jones and Ben Hogan, each winning four times. Harry Vardon holds the record for the most Open Championship victories, winning six times during his career. Nicklaus, Woods, Hogan, Gary Player and Gene Sarazen are the only golfers to have won all four of the majors during their career, thus achieving the so - called career slam.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "1980 PGA Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 1980 PGA Championship was the 62nd PGA Championship, held August 7–10 at the East Course of Oak Hill Country Club in Rochester, New York. Jack Nicklaus won his fifth PGA Championship, seven strokes ahead of runner-up Andy Bean. The victory tied Nicklaus with Walter Hagen, who won five PGA titles in match play competition in the 1920s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "David Graham (golfer)", "paragraph_text": "Anthony David Graham, AM (born 23 May 1946) is a former professional golfer from Australia. He won eight times on the PGA Tour, including two major championships.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "1975 PGA Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 1975 PGA Championship was the 57th PGA Championship, played August 7–10 at the South Course of Firestone Country Club in Akron, Ohio. Jack Nicklaus, an Ohio native, won the fourth of his five PGA Championships and the fourteenth of his eighteen major titles, two strokes ahead of runner-up Bruce Crampton. Nicklaus was the 54-hole leader, four strokes ahead of Crampton.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "List of golfers with most PGA Tour wins", "paragraph_text": "The column for Major refers to so - called ``Professional Majors ''. The U.S. Amateur and the British Amateur were also considered to be majors for much of their history, but these championships are not considered here. Players under 50 years of age are shown in bold. During the last 30 years, only three players have won PGA Tour events after their 50th birthday. A golfer becomes eligible to compete on PGA Tour Champions, against other older players, at that age. Craig Stadler won in 2003 at age 50, Fred Funk won in 2007 at age 50, and Davis Love III won in 2015 at age 51. Sam Snead is the oldest to win a PGA event, at age 52, in 1965. Others who have won PGA Tour events past age 50 include Jim Barnes, John Barnum, and Art Wall, Jr. The rarity of golfers winning a non-senior event at that age is not restricted to the PGA Tour; Miguel Ángel Jiménez is the only golfer to win a European Tour event after turning 50, doing so in 2014.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Jimmy Walker (golfer)", "paragraph_text": "James William Walker (born January 16, 1979) is an American professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour. After playing in 187 events without a win on the PGA Tour, Walker won three times in the first eight events of the 2014 season. He is a six-time winner on the PGA Tour, and in 2016 won his first major title at the PGA Championship.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Jack Nicklaus", "paragraph_text": "Jack William Nicklaus (born January 21, 1940), nicknamed The Golden Bear, is an American retired professional golfer. In the opinion of many observers, he is the greatest golfer of all time. During a span of more than 25 years, he won a record 18 major championships, three ahead of Tiger Woods (15). Nicklaus focused on the major championships—Masters Tournament, U.S. Open, Open Championship and PGA Championship—and played a selective schedule of regular PGA Tour events. He has competed in more major championships (164) than any other player. He finished with 73 PGA Tour victories, third on the all-time list behind Sam Snead (82) and Tiger Woods (81).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Tiger Woods", "paragraph_text": "Tiger Woods Woods in June 2018 Full name Eldrick Tont Woods Nickname Tiger (1975 - 12 - 30) December 30, 1975 (age 42) Cypress, California Height 6 ft 1 in (185 cm) Weight 185 lb (84 kg) Nationality United States Residence Jupiter Island, Florida Spouse Elin Nordegren (2004 -- 2010) Children Career College Stanford University (did not graduate) Turned professional Current tour (s) PGA Tour (joined 1996) Professional wins 107 Number of wins by tour PGA Tour 80 (2nd all time) European Tour 40 (3rd all time) Japan Golf Tour Asian Tour PGA Tour of Australasia Other 16 Best results in major championships (wins: 14) Masters Tournament Won: 1997, 2001, 2002, 2005 U.S. Open Won: 2000, 2002, 2008 The Open Championship Won: 2000, 2005, 2006 PGA Championship Won: 1999, 2000, 2006, 2007 Achievements and awards PGA Tour Rookie of the Year PGA Player of the Year 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2013 PGA Tour Player of the Year 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2013 PGA Tour leading money winner 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2013 Vardon Trophy 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2013 Byron Nelson Award 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009 FedEx Cup Champion 2007, 2009 (For a full list of awards, see here)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Dan Pohl", "paragraph_text": "Danny Joe Pohl (born April 1, 1955) is an American professional golfer who has played on the PGA Tour and the Champions Tour. He won two PGA Tour tournaments (the 1986 Colonial and the 1986 World Series of Golf at Firestone Country Club) and tied Craig Stadler for first place in the 1982 Masters Tournament before losing in a playoff. Pohl competed for his country as a member of the 1987 Ryder Cup team at Muirfield Village Golf Club.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Oklahoma", "paragraph_text": "Regular LPGA tournaments are held at Cedar Ridge Country Club in Tulsa, and major championships for the PGA or LPGA have been played at Southern Hills Country Club in Tulsa, Oak Tree Country Club in Oklahoma City, and Cedar Ridge Country Club in Tulsa. Rated one of the top golf courses in the nation, Southern Hills has hosted four PGA Championships, including one in 2007, and three U.S. Opens, the most recent in 2001. Rodeos are popular throughout the state, and Guymon, in the state's panhandle, hosts one of the largest in the nation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Lou Graham", "paragraph_text": "Louis Krebs Graham (born January 7, 1938) is an American professional golfer who won six PGA Tour tournaments including the 1975 U.S. Open. Most of his wins were in the 1970s.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 63020, "question": "who has won the most pga major tournaments", "answer": "Jack Nicklaus", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 }, { "id": 159941, "question": "Who is #1 ?", "answer": "an American retired professional golfer", "paragraph_support_idx": 15 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Alpha Industries", "paragraph_text": "Alpha Industries is an American clothing manufacturer founded in 1959 in Knoxville, Tennessee. Initially a contractor to the United States military, the company grew into an international commercial seller of American military style and fashion apparel. Alpha makes items such as flight jackets and vests, and has made jackets for the military of the United States like the M65 Jacket for over half a century. The jackets are made for men and women, as well as children. Popular models include the MA-1 and CWU-45/P pilot jackets.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Scottish Open (golf)", "paragraph_text": "The Scottish Open (known as the Aberdeen Asset Management Scottish Open for sponsorship reasons) is a golf tournament on the European Tour. The 2016 event was won by Alexander Norén at Castle Stuart, northeast of Inverness.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Buhl Farm Golf Course", "paragraph_text": "Buhl Farm Golf Course, formerly known as Buhland Golf Course, located in Sharon, Pennsylvania, is the only free public golf course in the United States. The 9-hole course is open from mid-April to November between 8 a.m. to sundown (closing times vary on season, so call ahead). The course is known for its flat greens, high rough and little room between each hole. It is also known for its easy layout including straight and wide fairways. The course is also known for its one artificial turf tee box, and eight other natural tee boxes. The course also includes a driving range and a First Tee center. It is run by the Buhl Farm Trust and generous donations from the public. The free course is called \"Dum Dum\" by the locals. It also has a children's golf program in the summer.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Penn State Golf Courses", "paragraph_text": "The Penn State Golf Courses are two 18-hole courses located in State College, Pennsylvania, USA, operated by The Pennsylvania State University. The individual 18-hole courses are named after the school colors (blue and white). They, along with their practice facilities, are the home of the men's and women's golf team and all intramural golf activities of the university. The practice facilities include a double-sided driving range with both natural grass and artificial teeing areas, and several putting greens located throughout the facility.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "David Mostyn", "paragraph_text": "Educated at Downside School and at the Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst, David Mostyn was commissioned into the Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry in 1949. He was mentioned in despatches for helping to suppress the Brunei Revolt in 1962 whilst serving with the 1st Green Jackets (43rd and 52nd). In 1969 he was appointed Commanding Officer of the 2nd Battalion The Royal Green Jackets and was deployed to BAOR and Northern Ireland. In 1972 he went on to command the 8th Infantry Brigade. In 1980 he became Commandant of the British Sector in Berlin and in 1983 he was appointed Military Secretary. He went on to be Adjutant General in 1986 retiring from the British Army in 1989.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Matt Peterson", "paragraph_text": "Peterson was born in Chicago, Illinois. He played college golf at the University of Georgia where he won one event and was a three-time All-American. He turned professional in 1990.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "True Swing Golf", "paragraph_text": "True Swing Golf (also known as \"Nintendo Touch Golf: Birdie Challenge\" in PAL regions, and \"大人のDSゴルフ (Otona no DS Golf; DS Golf for Adults)\" in Japan) is a golf video game by long-time golf game creators T&E Soft, published by Nintendo and released for the Nintendo DS handheld video game system.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Priddis Greens", "paragraph_text": "Priddis Greens is a hamlet in Alberta, Canada within the Municipal District of Foothills No. 31. It is located approximately west of the Hamlet of Priddis, southeast of the Hamlet of Bragg Creek and southwest of the City of Calgary. The hamlet is developed in two residential nodes adjacent to the Priddis Greens Golf & Country Club.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Babe Didrikson Zaharias", "paragraph_text": "Mildred Ella ``Babe ''Didrikson Zaharias (/ zəˈhɑːriəs /; June 26, 1911 -- September 27, 1956) was an American athlete who achieved a great deal of success in golf, basketball, baseball and track and field. She won two gold medals in track and field at the 1932 Summer Olympics, before turning to professional golf and winning 10 LPGA major championships. She is widely regarded as one of the greatest female athletes of all time.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "June Beebe", "paragraph_text": "She was born in Chicago, Illinois. She won the Women's Western Open 1931 and 1933, and finished second in 1930 and 1932. She also competed under her married name, Mrs. Phillip Atwood. She also won the Chicago Women's District Golf Association's Championship twice, in 1933 and 1935.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Jack Nicklaus", "paragraph_text": "Jack William Nicklaus (born January 21, 1940), nicknamed The Golden Bear, is an American retired professional golfer. In the opinion of many observers, he is the greatest golfer of all time. During a span of more than 25 years, he won a record 18 major championships, three ahead of Tiger Woods (15). Nicklaus focused on the major championships—Masters Tournament, U.S. Open, Open Championship and PGA Championship—and played a selective schedule of regular PGA Tour events. He has competed in more major championships (164) than any other player. He finished with 73 PGA Tour victories, third on the all-time list behind Sam Snead (82) and Tiger Woods (81).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Barbara Barrow", "paragraph_text": "Barrow played college golf at San Diego State University, when in 1975 she won the national individual intercollegiate golf championship. She was a member of the U.S. Curtis Cup team in 1976. She was inducted into the San Diego State University Aztec Hall of Fame in 1992", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Lord Selkirk Provincial Park", "paragraph_text": "Lord Selkirk Provincial Park is a provincial park in Prince Edward Island, Canada. The park hosts a community-operated campground and playground. It is adjacent to the \"Belfast Highland Greens\" golf course, in addition to a pool and a canteen.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Indian Open (golf)", "paragraph_text": "Year Winner Country Venue Score To par Margin of victory Runner (s) - up First prize (US $) Asian Euro Hero Indian Open 2018 2018 Matt Wallace England DLF Golf and Country Club 277 − 11 Playoff Andrew Johnston 291,660 2017 2017 Shiv Chawrasia (2) India DLF Golf and Country Club 278 − 10 7 strokes Gavin Green 291,660 2016 2016 Shiv Chawrasia India Delhi Golf Club 273 − 15 2 strokes Anirban Lahiri Wang Jeung - hun 275,000 2015 2015 Anirban Lahiri India Delhi Golf Club 277 − 7 Playoff Shiv Chawrasia 250,000", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "2012 WGC-HSBC Champions", "paragraph_text": "The 2012 WGC-HSBC Champions was a golf tournament played 1–4 November 2012 at the Olazabal Course of Mission Hills Golf Club in Shenzhen, China. It was the fourth WGC-HSBC Champions tournament, and the fourth of four World Golf Championships events held in 2012. The event was won by Ryder Cup star Ian Poulter who shot consecutive rounds of 65 (−7) on the weekend and broke the tournament scoring record with 267 (−21) for his second WGC win. Two strokes back were runners-up Jason Dufner, Ernie Els, Phil Mickelson, and Scott Piercy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Arnond Vongvanij", "paragraph_text": "Vongvanij was born in Hawaii but grew up in Thailand. He moved to Florida at the age of 12 to play golf. He played college golf at the University of Florida where he won three times.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "The first winner of the Masters Tournament was Horton Smith in 1934, and he repeated in 1936. The player with the most Masters victories is Jack Nicklaus, who won six times between 1963 and 1986. Arnold Palmer and Tiger Woods have each won four, and Jimmy Demaret, Gary Player, Sam Snead, Nick Faldo, and Phil Mickelson have three titles to their name. Player was the tournament's first overseas winner with his first victory in 1961. Two - time champions include Byron Nelson, Ben Hogan, Tom Watson, Seve Ballesteros, Bernhard Langer, Ben Crenshaw, José María Olazábal, and Bubba Watson.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "The tournament has a number of traditions. Since 1949, a green jacket has been awarded to the champion, who must return it to the clubhouse one year after his victory, although it remains his personal property and is stored with other champions' jackets in a specially designated cloakroom. In most instances, only a first - time and currently reigning champion may remove his jacket from the club grounds. A golfer who wins the event multiple times uses the same green jacket awarded upon his initial win (unless he needs to be re-fitted with a new jacket). The Champions Dinner, inaugurated by Ben Hogan in 1952, is held on the Tuesday before each tournament, and is open only to past champions and certain board members of the Augusta National Golf Club. Beginning in 1963, legendary golfers, usually past champions, have hit an honorary tee shot on the morning of the first round to commence play. These have included Fred McLeod, Jock Hutchinson, Gene Sarazen, Sam Snead, Byron Nelson, Arnold Palmer, Jack Nicklaus, and Gary Player. Since 1960, a semi-social contest at the par - 3 course has been played on Wednesday, the day before the first round.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "By tradition, the winner of the previous year's Masters Tournament puts the jacket on the current winner at the end of the tournament. In 1966, Jack Nicklaus became the first player to win in consecutive years and he donned the jacket himself. When Nick Faldo (in 1990) and Tiger Woods (in 2002) repeated as champions, the chairman of Augusta National put the jacket on them.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Mike Nicolette", "paragraph_text": "Nicolette was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He attended Rollins College in Winter Park, Florida and was a member of the golf team. While a student at Rollins, he won the 1976 NCAA Division II Men's Golf Championship. He turned pro in 1978.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 88794, "question": "who has won the most green jackets in golf", "answer": "Jack Nicklaus", "paragraph_support_idx": 16 }, { "id": 159941, "question": "Who is #1 ?", "answer": "an American retired professional golfer", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Professional wrestling", "paragraph_text": "Many modern specialty matches have been devised, with unique winning conditions. The most common of these is the ladder match. In the basic ladder match, the wrestlers or teams of wrestlers must climb a ladder to obtain a prize that is hoisted above the ring. The key to winning this match is that the wrestler or team of wrestlers must try to incapacitate each other long enough for one wrestler to climb the ladder and secure that prize for their team. As a result, the ladder can be used as a weapon. The prizes include – but are not limited to any given championship belt (the traditional prize), a document granting the winner the right to a future title shot, or any document that matters to the wrestlers involved in the match (such as one granting the winner a cash prize). Another common specialty match is known as the battle royal. In a battle royal, all the wrestlers enter the ring to the point that there are 20-30 wrestlers in the ring at one time. When the match begins, the simple objective is to throw the opponent over the top rope and out of the ring with both feet on the floor in order to eliminate that opponent. The last wrestler standing is declared the winner. A variant on this type of match is the WWE's Royal Rumble where two wrestlers enter the ring to start the match and other wrestlers follow in 90 second intervals (previously 2 minutes) until 30-40 wrestlers have entered the ring. All other rules stay the same. For more match types, see Professional wrestling match types.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Professional wrestling", "paragraph_text": "Sometimes, poly-sided matches that pit every one for themselves will incorporate tagging rules. Outside of kayfabe, this is done to give wrestlers a break from the action (as these matches tend to go on for long periods of time), and to make the action in the ring easier to choreograph. One of the most mainstream examples of this is the four-corner match, the most common type of match in the WWE before it was replaced with its equivalent fatal four-way; four wrestlers, each for themselves, fight in a match, but only two wrestlers can be in the match at any given time. The other two are positioned in the corner, and tags can be made between any two wrestlers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Professional wrestling", "paragraph_text": "A count may be started at any time that a wrestler's shoulders are down (both shoulders touching the mat), back-first and any part of the opponent's body is lying over the wrestler. This often results in pins that can easily be kicked out of, if the defensive wrestler is even slightly conscious. For example, an attacking wrestler who is half-conscious may simply drape an arm over an opponent, or a cocky wrestler may place their foot gently on the opponent's body, prompting a three-count from the referee.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Wrestlers (sculpture)", "paragraph_text": "The Wrestlers (also known as The Two Wrestlers, The Uffizi Wrestlers or The Pancrastinae) is a Roman marble sculpture after a lost Greek original of the third century BCE. It is now in the Uffizi collection in Florence, Italy.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Bobo Brazil", "paragraph_text": "Houston Harris (July 10, 1924 – January 20, 1998) was an American professional wrestler, better known by his ring name Bobo Brazil. Credited with breaking down barriers of racial segregation in professional wrestling, Harris is considered one of the first successful African-American professional wrestlers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Professional wrestling", "paragraph_text": "Since all contact between the wrestlers must cease if any part of the body is touching, or underneath, the ropes, many wrestlers will attempt to break submission holds by deliberately grabbing the bottom ropes. This is called a \"rope break\", and it is one of the most common ways to break a submission hold. Most holds leave an arm or leg free, so that the person can tap out if they want. Instead, they use these free limbs to either grab one of the ring ropes (the bottom one is the most common, as it is nearest the wrestlers, though other ropes sometimes are used for standing holds such as Chris Masters' Master Lock) or drape their foot across, or underneath one. Once this has been accomplished, and the accomplishment is witnessed by the referee, the referee will demand that the offending wrestler break the hold, and start counting to five if the wrestler does not. If the referee reaches the count of five, and the wrestler still does not break the hold, they are disqualified.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Stephen Cepello", "paragraph_text": "Stephen Cepello (born June 29, 1949) is an American artist and a former professional wrestler. As a wrestler, he was best known by his ring names, Steve Strong. After retiring from wrestling to focus on his art career, he was selected to paint the official Governor's Mansion and Minnesota State Capitol portraits of former wrestler and Governor of Minnesota Jesse Ventura.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Professional wrestling", "paragraph_text": "A wrestler may voluntarily submit by verbally informing the referee (usually used in moves such as the Mexican Surfboard, where all four limbs are incapacitated, making tapping impossible). Also, since Ken Shamrock (a legitimate UFC competitor in its early days) popularized it in 1997, a wrestler can indicate a voluntary submission by \"tapping out\", that is, tapping a free hand against the mat or against an opponent. Occasionally, a wrestler will reach for a rope (see rope breaks below), only to put their hand back on the mat so they can crawl towards the rope some more; this is not a submission, and the referee decides what their intent is.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Mainoumi Shūhei", "paragraph_text": "Mainoumi Shūhei (born 17 February 1968 as Shūhei Nagao) is a former sumo wrestler from Aomori, Japan. His highest rank was \"komusubi.\" During the 1990s he was one of the most popular wrestlers in sumo due to his wide variety of techniques and great fighting spirit in battling opponents nearly twice his size.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Professional wrestling", "paragraph_text": "Many television shows and films have been produced which portray in-character professional wrestlers as protagonists, such as Ready to Rumble, ¡Mucha Lucha!, Nacho Libre, and the Santo film series. In the wildly popular Rocky series of films about the fictional boxer Rocky Balboa, Rocky III saw its hero fighting a \"boxer vs. wrestler\" exhibition match against the enormous and villainous wrestler \"Thunderlips\", portrayed by real-life soon-to-be wrestling icon Hulk Hogan. At least two stage plays set in the world of pro wrestling have been produced: The Baron is a comedy that retells the life of an actual performer known as Baron von Raschke. From Parts Unknown... is an award-nominated Canadian drama about the rise and fall of a fictional wrestler. The 2009 South Park episode \"W.T.F.\" played on the soap operatic elements of professional wrestling. One of the lead characters on the Disney Channel series Kim Possible was a huge fan of pro wrestling and actually featured it on an episode (with two former WWE wrestlers voicing the two fictitious wrestlers featured in the episode). The 2008 film The Wrestler, about a washed-up professional wrestler, garnered several Oscar nominations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Grizzly Smith", "paragraph_text": "Aurelian Smith (August 1, 1932 – June 12, 2010) was an American professional wrestler better known as Grizzly Smith. He was the father of professional wrestlers Aurelian, Jr. (Jake \"The Snake\" Roberts), Michael (Sam Houston), and Robin (Rockin' Robin).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Uffizi", "paragraph_text": "The Uffizi Gallery (, ) is a prominent art museum located adjacent to the Piazza della Signoria in the Historic Centre of Florence in the region of Tuscany, Italy. One of the most important Italian museums and the most visited, it is also one of the largest and best known in the world and holds a collection of priceless works, particularly from the period of the Italian Renaissance.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Jake Deitchler", "paragraph_text": "Jacob \"Jake\" Deitchler (born December 1, 1989) is a retired American wrestler who won a position on the United States Olympic Greco-Roman wrestling team in 2008. Deitchler, from Ramsey, Minnesota, is a former University of Minnesota wrestler and is only the third wrestler in history to come directly from high school to earn a spot on the United States Olympic Team.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Professional wrestling", "paragraph_text": "In the 1980s, mixed tag team matches began to take place, with a male and female on each team and a rule stating that each wrestler could only attack the opponent of the same gender. If a tag was made, the other team had to automatically switch their legal wrestler as well. Despite these restrictions, many mixed tag matches do feature some physical interaction between participants of different genders. For example, a heel may take a cheap shot at the female wrestler of the opposing team to draw a negative crowd reaction. In lucha libre, cheap-shots and male-female attacks are not uncommon.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "WWE Day of Reckoning", "paragraph_text": "WWE Day of Reckoning is a professional wrestling video game released for the Nintendo GameCube console in 2004. The game is based on World Wrestling Entertainment and many of the wrestlers who were on the WWE roster at the time of release were included as player characters. The game also features the option to create wrestlers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Mark Coleman", "paragraph_text": "Mark Daniel Coleman (born December 20, 1964) is a retired American mixed martial artist, professional wrestler, former NCAA collegiate wrestler and former Olympic amateur wrestler. Known as The Hammer, he was the UFC 10 and UFC 11 tournament champion, the first UFC Heavyweight Champion, and the Pride Fighting Championships 2000 Open Weight Grand Prix champion. At UFC 82 Coleman was inducted into the UFC Hall of Fame. At the age of retirement he was taking 150,000 USD salary per year.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Professional wrestling", "paragraph_text": "All notable wrestlers now enter the ring accompanied by music, and regularly add other elements to their entrance. The music played during the ring entrance will usually mirror the wrestler's personality. Many wrestlers, particularly in America, have music and lyrics specially written for their ring entrance. While invented long before, the practice of including music with the entrance gained rapid popularity during the 1980s, largely as a result of the huge success of Hulk Hogan and the WWF, and their Rock 'n' Wrestling Connection. When a match is won, the victor's theme music is usually also played in celebration.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Pequeño Nitro", "paragraph_text": "Pequeño Nitro is a Mexican \"luchador enmascarado\", or masked professional wrestler, working for the Mexican professional wrestling promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) in their Mini-Estrella division. This does not necessarily mean that Pequeño Nitro is a dwarf as several wrestlers who are just shorter in stature work in the \"Mini\" division. Pequeño Nitro's real name is not a matter of public record, as is often the case with masked wrestlers in Mexico where their private lives are kept a secret from the wrestling fans. His name means \"Little Nitro\" and his ring character is based on Nitro, a regular-sized \"luchador\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Scott Lost", "paragraph_text": "Scott Epperson (born June 8, 1980), better known by the ring name Scott Lost, is an American retired professional wrestler. He is best known for his work with Pro Wrestling Guerrilla, which he founded with five other wrestlers and where he is a former five-time PWG World Tag Team Champion.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Jeff Prescott", "paragraph_text": "Jeff Prescott (born 1969, Olean, New York) is an American amateur wrestler, who won two NCAA division 1 championships at Penn State University and was the first Penn State Most Outstanding Wrestler (MOW) of the NCAA tournament. He currently runs his own training center in Limestone, New York, and serves as a coach and mentor to youth and high school wrestlers in the Western New York and North East Pennsylvania areas.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 376081, "question": "Wrestlers >> location", "answer": "Uffizi", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 }, { "id": 127733, "question": "What language is #1 in?", "answer": "Italian", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Hibiscus Town", "paragraph_text": "Hibiscus Town () is a 1986 Chinese film directed by Xie Jin, based on a novel by the same name written by Gu Hua. The film, a melodrama, follows the life and travails of a young woman who lives through the turmoil of the Cultural Revolution and as such is an example of the \"scar drama\" genre that emerged in the 1980s and 1990s that detailed life during that period. The film was produced by the Shanghai Film Studio.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Pickin' Up Pieces", "paragraph_text": "Pickin' Up Pieces is the lead single from Brenda K. Starr's debut album, \"I Want Your Love\" released in 1985 on Mirage Records. Produced by Arthur Baker and co-written with Lotti Golden. \"Pickin' Up Pieces\" is a freestyle classic. The record peaked at #9 on the Billboard Hot Dance Club Play Charts and the Maxi Single's Chart helping Brenda K. Starr become the queen of Freestyle. \"Pickin' Up Pieces\" also cracked the R&B Hip Hop Billboard Charts. Freestyle, a dance genre, emerged in New York City, sharing musical and cultural elements with electro and hip hop.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Marc Belke", "paragraph_text": "Marc Belke (born February 1, 1965 in Edmonton, Alberta) is a Canadian musician and former radio personality. He played guitar in the punk and alternative rock bands SNFU and The Wheat Chiefs, and sang lead vocals in the latter. He was later an on-air personality with Rogers based in Victoria, British Columbia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Phil Keaggy", "paragraph_text": "Philip Tyler \"Phil\" Keaggy (born March 23, 1951) is an American acoustic and electric guitarist and vocalist who has released more than 50 albums and contributed to many more recordings in both the contemporary Christian music and mainstream markets. He is a seven-time recipient of the GMA Dove Award for Instrumental Album of the Year, and was twice nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Rock Gospel Album. He has frequently been listed as one of the world's top-three \"finger-style\", as well as \"finger-picking\", guitarists by \"Guitar Player Magazine\" readers' polls.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Kelela", "paragraph_text": "A second-generation Ethiopian American and an only child, Mizanekristos was born in Washington, D.C. on June 4, 1983. Growing up in Gaithersburg, Maryland, she learned to play the violin in fourth grade and sang in her school's choir. In 2001, she graduated from Magruder High School. After transferring from Montgomery College to the American University, Mizanekristos began singing jazz standards at cafés. In 2008, she joined an indie band called Dizzy Spells and sang progressive metal after meeting Tosin Abasi, whom she later dated. In 2010, she moved to Los Angeles, where she currently lives, in addition to London.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Ricardo Cabrera Martínez", "paragraph_text": "Ricardo Cabrera Martínez (October 28, 1912 in Santa Tecla, La Libertad - 2007 in San Salvador) was a Salvadoran tenor, poet and diplomat. He is best remembered as a composer and tenor within the romance genre of Cuban and Mexican boleros. He sang on the song \"A Mi Bolivia\", composed by the musician Apolinar Camacho in 1944 in La Paz, Bolivia. A Doctor of Economics and Law, during the presidency of Colonel Arturo Armando Molina in 1975, he was appointed a Counsellor.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Emerging", "paragraph_text": "Emerging is the title of the only album by the Phil Keaggy Band, released in 1977 on NewSong Records. The album was re-released on CD in 2000 as ReEmerging with a different track listing, including four newly recorded songs by the original band members.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Beethoven Project Trio", "paragraph_text": "The Beethoven Project Trio is an American piano trio that was formed in Chicago in 2008. Its founding members are pianist George Lepauw, violinist Sang Mee Lee and cellist Wendy Warner. The first public concert given by the trio was on March 1, 2009 at Chicago’s Murphy Auditorium for the world premiere of a recently rediscovered piano trio by (Hess 47) Ludwig van Beethoven, as well as the American premiere of another Beethoven trio (Anhang 3) and the Chicago premiere of yet another Trio (Opus 63); the performance also included the well-known “Archduke” Trio by Beethoven. John von Rhein, music critic of the Chicago Tribune, wrote about the trio's first concert that \"for musicians who had never worked together as a trio before, pianist George Lepauw, violinist Sang Mee Lee and cellist Wendy Warner made a splendid ensemble, playing with finely judged balance, evenness of sound and unanimity of style [...] Lepauw, Lee and Warner ended their program with Beethoven’s familiar “Archduke” Trio, a masterpiece that drew fully on their individual and collective abilities. The slow movement emerged with particular eloquence here.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Jimmy Bryant (singer)", "paragraph_text": "James Howard Bryant (born June 2, 1929) is a singer, arranger and composer. He is most well known for providing the singing voice of Tony (played onscreen by Richard Beymer) in the 1961 film musical West Side Story. While he received no screen credit, he states that Beymer was ``a nice guy, and every time he did an interview he would mention my name. ''He also sang for James Fox in the 1967 film musical Thoroughly Modern Millie, and sang in`` The Telephone Hour'' number in Bye Bye Birdie. He also sang in the group that performed the theme song of the TV series Batman.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Winged Victory (play)", "paragraph_text": "Winged Victory is a 1943 play by Moss Hart, created and produced by the U.S. Army Air Forces during World War II as a morale booster and as a fundraiser for the Army Emergency Relief Fund. Hart adapted the play for a 1944 motion picture directed by George Cukor.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Squint Entertainment", "paragraph_text": "Squint Entertainment was a record label owned by Word Entertainment, started in 1997 and run by musician and songwriter Steve Taylor. Squint pushed Sixpence None the Richer to mainstream success with their single \"Kiss Me\". (The band had been in the CCM genre for several years before that). Other successful bands, such as Chevelle, emerged from Squint's brief creative life.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Monte Carlo (1930 film)", "paragraph_text": "Monte Carlo is a 1930 American pre-Code musical comedy film, directed by Ernst Lubitsch. It stars Jeanette MacDonald as Countess Helene Mara. The film is notable for the song \"Beyond the Blue Horizon\", which was written for the film and was performed by Jeanette MacDonald. The film was also hailed by critics as a masterpiece of the newly emerging musical genre. The screenplay was based on the Booth Tarkington novel \"Monsieur Beaucaire\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Sang Run, Maryland", "paragraph_text": "Sang Run is an unincorporated community in Garrett County, Maryland, United States. Sang Run is located along the Youghiogheny River, southwest of Accident.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "This Guy's in Love with You", "paragraph_text": "``This Guy's in Love with You ''is a song written by Burt Bacharach and Hal David, and recorded by Herb Alpert. Although known primarily for his trumpet playing as the leader of the Tijuana Brass, Alpert sang lead vocals on this solo recording, arranged by Bacharach.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "House music", "paragraph_text": "Back in America the scene had still not progressed beyond a small number of clubs in Chicago, Detroit, Newark and New York City. However, many independent Chicago-based record labels were making appearances on the Dance Chart with their releases. In the UK, any house song released by a Chicago-based label was routinely considered a must play at many clubs playing house music. Paradise Garage in New York City was still a top club. The emergence of Todd Terry, a pioneer of the genre, was important in America. His cover of Class Action's Larry Levan mixed \"Weekend\" demonstrated the continuum from the underground disco to a new house sound with hip-hop influences evident in the quicker sampling and the more rugged bass-line.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Lee Sang-il (footballer)", "paragraph_text": "Lee Sang-Il (; born 25 May 1979) is a South Korean football Midfielder, who last played for Changsha Ginde in Chinese Super League. His previous club was Beveren, Germinal Beerschot in Belgium and Daegu FC, Chunnam Dragons at South Korean K-League.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "999: What's Your Emergency?", "paragraph_text": "999: What's Your Emergency? Series 1 titles Genre Reality television, Documentary Narrated by Hugo Speer (2012) Julian Barratt (2013) Hugo Speer (2016) Country of origin United Kingdom Original language (s) British English No. of series No. of episodes 18 (16 aired) Production Executive producer (s) Ed Coulthard (2012 - 2013) Simon Ford (2012 - 2013) Guy Davies (2013) Producer (s) Daniel Fromm (2012) Mark Jones (2012) Ally Roberts (2013) Location (s) Blackpool (2012) Various (2013) Cheshire (2016) Running time 60 minutes Production company (s) Blast! Release Original network Channel 4 Original release 10 September 2012 -- present External links 999: What's Your Emergency? www.channel4.com/programmes/999-whats-your-emergency", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Cyprus", "paragraph_text": "Popular music in Cyprus is generally influenced by the Greek Laïka scene; artists who play in this genre include international platinum star Anna Vissi, Evridiki, and Sarbel. Hip Hop, R&B and reggae have been supported by the emergence of Cypriot rap and the urban music scene at Ayia Napa. Cypriot rock music and Éntekhno rock is often associated with artists such as Michalis Hatzigiannis and Alkinoos Ioannidis. Metal also has a small following in Cyprus represented by bands such as Armageddon (rev.16:16), Blynd, Winter's Verge and Quadraphonic.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Ken Kuhlken", "paragraph_text": "Ken Kuhlken was born and grew up in San Diego, played semi-pro baseball in Tijuana, and attended San Diego State University, first as a philosophy and then as an English major. After college, he wrote, played guitar and sang in a rock and blues band, and taught high school, before relocating to attend the University of Iowa Writers’ Workshop.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Sang Dhesian", "paragraph_text": "Sang Dhesian (Dhesian Sang) is a village in Phillaur tahsil of Jalandhar district of Punjab state of India known for Baba Sang ji Gurdwara.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 143656, "question": "Who sang or played Emerging?", "answer": "Phil Keaggy", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 }, { "id": 268716, "question": "#1 >> genre", "answer": "contemporary Christian music", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 } ]

[ "CCM", "Contemporary Christian music" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 20 World Cup tournaments have been won by eight national teams. Brazil have won five times, and they are the only team to have played in every tournament. The other World Cup winners are Germany and Italy, with four titles each; Argentina and inaugural winner Uruguay, with two titles each; and England, France, and Spain, with one title each.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "2018 Shanghai Darts Masters", "paragraph_text": "2018 21.co.uk Shanghai Darts Masters Tournament information Dates 13 -- 14 July 2018 Venue Pullman Hotel Location Shanghai Country China Organisation (s) PDC Format Legs Prize fund £60,000 Winners share £20,000 High checkout 170 Michael van Gerwen (First round and Semi-finals) Champion (s) Michael Smith ``2017 2019 ''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "List of Jeopardy! tournaments and events", "paragraph_text": "In addition to the above - mentioned winnings, the winner earns an automatic position in the next Tournament of Champions, though two winners (Vinita Kailasanath in 2001 and Joey Beachum in 2008) deferred their berths in their intended tournament until the following installments due to scheduling conflicts. Three College Champions have made the Tournament of Champions finals (Tom Cubbage in 1989, Jeff Stewart in 1994, and Cliff Galiher in 2007), but only Cubbage won the event.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "1965 Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "Jack Nicklaus, age 25, won the second of his six Masters titles with a score of 271 (−17), at the time a tournament record, three strokes better than Ben Hogan's 274 in 1953. It was equaled in 1976 by Raymond Floyd and surpassed in 1997 by Tiger Woods' 270 (−18). Nicklaus' winning margin of nine strokes also stood until 1997, when Woods was victorious by twelve strokes to win his first green jacket. It was the fourth of a record 18 major titles won by Nicklaus in his career.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 20 World Cup tournaments have been won by eight national teams. Brazil have won five times, and they are the only team to have played in every tournament. The other World Cup winners are Germany and Italy, with four titles each; Argentina and inaugural winner Uruguay, with two titles each; and England, France and Spain, with one title each.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "1936 Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "The 1936 Masters Tournament was the third Masters Tournament, held April 3–6 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "1996 Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "The 1996 Masters Tournament was the 60th Masters Tournament, held April 11–14 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "By tradition, the winner of the previous year's Masters Tournament puts the jacket on the current winner at the end of the tournament. In 1966, Jack Nicklaus became the first player to win in consecutive years and he donned the jacket himself. When Nick Faldo (in 1990) and Tiger Woods (in 2002) repeated as champions, the chairman of Augusta National put the jacket on them.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 20 World Cup tournaments have been won by eight different national teams. Brazil have won five times, and they are the only team to have played in every tournament. The other World Cup winners are Germany and Italy, with four titles each; Argentina and inaugural winner Uruguay, with two titles each; and England, France and Spain, with one title each.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 21 World Cup tournaments have been won by eight national teams. Brazil have won five times, and they are the only team to have played in every tournament. The other World Cup winners are Germany and Italy, with four titles each; Argentina, France and inaugural winner Uruguay, with two titles each; and England and Spain with one title each.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "A Knight's Tale", "paragraph_text": "At a jousting tournament in 14th - century Europe, young squires William Thatcher, Roland, and Wat discover that their master, Sir Ector, has died. If he had completed one final pass he would have won the tournament. Destitute, William wears Ector's armour to impersonate him, winning the tournament and taking the prize.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "List of Masters Tournament champions", "paragraph_text": "Jack Nicklaus holds the record for the most Masters victories, winning the tournament six times during his career. Nicklaus is also the oldest winner of the Masters: he was 46 years 82 days old when he won in 1986. Nicklaus, Nick Faldo, and Tiger Woods co-hold the record for most consecutive victories with two. Woods was the youngest winner of the Masters, 21 years 104 days old when he won in 1997. Woods also set the record for the widest winning margin (12 strokes), and the lowest winning score, with 270, 18 below par (- 18) in 1997. The latter was equaled by Jordan Spieth in 2015.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "1954 Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "The 1954 Masters Tournament was the 18th Masters Tournament, held April 8–12 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. Sam Snead defeated defending champion Ben Hogan by one stroke in an 18-hole Monday playoff to win his third Masters tournament. It was Snead's seventh and final major victory.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "Masters Tournament Tournament information Location Augusta, Georgia, U.S. Established March 22, 1934; 84 years ago (1934 - 03 - 22) Course (s) Augusta National Golf Club Par 72 Length 7,435 yards (6,799 m) Organized by Augusta National Golf Club Tour (s) PGA Tour European Tour Japan Golf Tour Format Stroke play Prize fund $11.0 million Month played April Tournament record score Aggregate 270 Tiger Woods (1997) 270 Jordan Spieth (2015) To par − 18 as above Current champion Patrick Reed 2018 Masters Tournament", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "1989 Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "The 1989 Masters Tournament was the 53rd Masters Tournament, held April 6–9 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Regional Four Day Competition", "paragraph_text": "The Regional Four Day Competition, formerly known as Shell Shield and Carib Beer Cup, is the first class cricket competition in the West Indies, it is administered by the West Indies Cricket Board. In the 2013 - 2014 season the winner of the tournament was awarded the WICB President's Trophy while the winners of the knockout competition were awarded the George Headley / Everton Weekes trophy. In a few previous seasons the winners of the tournament were awarded the Headley / Weekes trophy. From the 2017 - 18, the Competition has been sponsored by Digicel and is known as the Digicel Four Day Championship.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Jack Nicklaus", "paragraph_text": "Jack William Nicklaus (born January 21, 1940), nicknamed The Golden Bear, is an American retired professional golfer. In the opinion of many observers, he is the greatest golfer of all time. During a span of more than 25 years, he won a record 18 major championships, three ahead of Tiger Woods (15). Nicklaus focused on the major championships—Masters Tournament, U.S. Open, Open Championship and PGA Championship—and played a selective schedule of regular PGA Tour events. He has competed in more major championships (164) than any other player. He finished with 73 PGA Tour victories, third on the all-time list behind Sam Snead (82) and Tiger Woods (81).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 17, "title": "2018 Auckland Darts Masters", "paragraph_text": "2018 Auckland Darts Masters Tournament information Dates 3 -- 5 August 2018 Venue The Trusts Arena Location Auckland Country New Zealand Organisation (s) PDC Format Legs Prize fund £60,000 Winners share £20,000 High checkout 170 Gary Anderson 170 Michael van Gerwen Champion (s) Michael van Gerwen ``2017 2019 ''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Russian State Social University", "paragraph_text": "Kulikovskaya, Evgenia – tennis player and coach, master of sports of the Russian Federation (1998), the winner of four tournaments WTA (1996).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Tottenham Hotspur F.C.", "paragraph_text": "Anglo - Italian League Cup: Winners (1): 1971 Costa Del Sol Tournament: Winners (2): 1965, 1966 Nolia Cup: Winners (1): 1977 Kirin Cup: Winners (1): 1979 Sun International Challenge Trophy: Winners (1): 1983 Peace Cup: Winners (1): 2005 Vodacom Challenge: Winners (2): 2007, 2011 Feyenoord Jubileum Tournament: Winners (1): 2008 Barclays Asia Trophy: Winners (1): 2009 AIA Cup: Winners (1): 2015", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 510294, "question": "1965 Masters Tournament >> winner", "answer": "Jack Nicklaus", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 }, { "id": 159941, "question": "Who is #1 ?", "answer": "an American retired professional golfer", "paragraph_support_idx": 16 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Professional wrestling", "paragraph_text": "Many modern specialty matches have been devised, with unique winning conditions. The most common of these is the ladder match. In the basic ladder match, the wrestlers or teams of wrestlers must climb a ladder to obtain a prize that is hoisted above the ring. The key to winning this match is that the wrestler or team of wrestlers must try to incapacitate each other long enough for one wrestler to climb the ladder and secure that prize for their team. As a result, the ladder can be used as a weapon. The prizes include – but are not limited to any given championship belt (the traditional prize), a document granting the winner the right to a future title shot, or any document that matters to the wrestlers involved in the match (such as one granting the winner a cash prize). Another common specialty match is known as the battle royal. In a battle royal, all the wrestlers enter the ring to the point that there are 20-30 wrestlers in the ring at one time. When the match begins, the simple objective is to throw the opponent over the top rope and out of the ring with both feet on the floor in order to eliminate that opponent. The last wrestler standing is declared the winner. A variant on this type of match is the WWE's Royal Rumble where two wrestlers enter the ring to start the match and other wrestlers follow in 90 second intervals (previously 2 minutes) until 30-40 wrestlers have entered the ring. All other rules stay the same. For more match types, see Professional wrestling match types.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Wrestlers (sculpture)", "paragraph_text": "The Wrestlers (also known as The Two Wrestlers, The Uffizi Wrestlers or The Pancrastinae) is a Roman marble sculpture after a lost Greek original of the third century BCE. It is now in the Uffizi collection in Florence, Italy.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "WWE Day of Reckoning", "paragraph_text": "WWE Day of Reckoning is a professional wrestling video game released for the Nintendo GameCube console in 2004. The game is based on World Wrestling Entertainment and many of the wrestlers who were on the WWE roster at the time of release were included as player characters. The game also features the option to create wrestlers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Professional wrestling", "paragraph_text": "A wrestler may voluntarily submit by verbally informing the referee (usually used in moves such as the Mexican Surfboard, where all four limbs are incapacitated, making tapping impossible). Also, since Ken Shamrock (a legitimate UFC competitor in its early days) popularized it in 1997, a wrestler can indicate a voluntary submission by \"tapping out\", that is, tapping a free hand against the mat or against an opponent. Occasionally, a wrestler will reach for a rope (see rope breaks below), only to put their hand back on the mat so they can crawl towards the rope some more; this is not a submission, and the referee decides what their intent is.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Pequeño Nitro", "paragraph_text": "Pequeño Nitro is a Mexican \"luchador enmascarado\", or masked professional wrestler, working for the Mexican professional wrestling promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) in their Mini-Estrella division. This does not necessarily mean that Pequeño Nitro is a dwarf as several wrestlers who are just shorter in stature work in the \"Mini\" division. Pequeño Nitro's real name is not a matter of public record, as is often the case with masked wrestlers in Mexico where their private lives are kept a secret from the wrestling fans. His name means \"Little Nitro\" and his ring character is based on Nitro, a regular-sized \"luchador\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Uffizi", "paragraph_text": "The building of Uffizi complex was begun by Giorgio Vasari in 1560 for Cosimo I de' Medici so as to accommodate the offices of the Florentine magistrates, hence the name , \"offices\". The construction was later continued by Alfonso Parigi and Bernardo Buontalenti; it was completed in 1581. The top floor was made into a gallery for the family and their guests and included their collection of Roman sculptures.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Arnold Schwarzenegger", "paragraph_text": "Schwarzenegger, who dreamed of moving to the U.S. since the age of 10, and saw bodybuilding as the avenue through which to do so, realized his dream by moving to the United States in September 1968 at the age of 21, speaking little English. There he trained at Gold's Gym in Venice, Los Angeles, California, under Joe Weider. From 1970 to 1974, one of Schwarzenegger's weight training partners was Ric Drasin, a professional wrestler who designed the original Gold's Gym logo in 1973. Schwarzenegger also became good friends with professional wrestler Superstar Billy Graham. In 1970, at age 23, he captured his first Mr. Olympia title in New York, and would go on to win the title a total of seven times.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Oginishiki Yasutoshi", "paragraph_text": "Oginishiki Yasutoshi (born 8 July 1971 as Yasutoshi Koiwai) is a former sumo wrestler from Ichikawa, Chiba Prefecture, Japan. His highest rank was \"komusubi.\" His father and brother were also sumo wrestlers. He is now a coach at Dewanoumi stable.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Scott Lost", "paragraph_text": "Scott Epperson (born June 8, 1980), better known by the ring name Scott Lost, is an American retired professional wrestler. He is best known for his work with Pro Wrestling Guerrilla, which he founded with five other wrestlers and where he is a former five-time PWG World Tag Team Champion.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Mark Coleman", "paragraph_text": "Mark Daniel Coleman (born December 20, 1964) is a retired American mixed martial artist, professional wrestler, former NCAA collegiate wrestler and former Olympic amateur wrestler. Known as The Hammer, he was the UFC 10 and UFC 11 tournament champion, the first UFC Heavyweight Champion, and the Pride Fighting Championships 2000 Open Weight Grand Prix champion. At UFC 82 Coleman was inducted into the UFC Hall of Fame. At the age of retirement he was taking 150,000 USD salary per year.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Professional wrestling", "paragraph_text": "In the 1980s, mixed tag team matches began to take place, with a male and female on each team and a rule stating that each wrestler could only attack the opponent of the same gender. If a tag was made, the other team had to automatically switch their legal wrestler as well. Despite these restrictions, many mixed tag matches do feature some physical interaction between participants of different genders. For example, a heel may take a cheap shot at the female wrestler of the opposing team to draw a negative crowd reaction. In lucha libre, cheap-shots and male-female attacks are not uncommon.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Professional wrestling", "paragraph_text": "All notable wrestlers now enter the ring accompanied by music, and regularly add other elements to their entrance. The music played during the ring entrance will usually mirror the wrestler's personality. Many wrestlers, particularly in America, have music and lyrics specially written for their ring entrance. While invented long before, the practice of including music with the entrance gained rapid popularity during the 1980s, largely as a result of the huge success of Hulk Hogan and the WWF, and their Rock 'n' Wrestling Connection. When a match is won, the victor's theme music is usually also played in celebration.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Professional wrestling", "paragraph_text": "A count may be started at any time that a wrestler's shoulders are down (both shoulders touching the mat), back-first and any part of the opponent's body is lying over the wrestler. This often results in pins that can easily be kicked out of, if the defensive wrestler is even slightly conscious. For example, an attacking wrestler who is half-conscious may simply drape an arm over an opponent, or a cocky wrestler may place their foot gently on the opponent's body, prompting a three-count from the referee.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Jeff Prescott", "paragraph_text": "Jeff Prescott (born 1969, Olean, New York) is an American amateur wrestler, who won two NCAA division 1 championships at Penn State University and was the first Penn State Most Outstanding Wrestler (MOW) of the NCAA tournament. He currently runs his own training center in Limestone, New York, and serves as a coach and mentor to youth and high school wrestlers in the Western New York and North East Pennsylvania areas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Professional wrestling", "paragraph_text": "Many television shows and films have been produced which portray in-character professional wrestlers as protagonists, such as Ready to Rumble, ¡Mucha Lucha!, Nacho Libre, and the Santo film series. In the wildly popular Rocky series of films about the fictional boxer Rocky Balboa, Rocky III saw its hero fighting a \"boxer vs. wrestler\" exhibition match against the enormous and villainous wrestler \"Thunderlips\", portrayed by real-life soon-to-be wrestling icon Hulk Hogan. At least two stage plays set in the world of pro wrestling have been produced: The Baron is a comedy that retells the life of an actual performer known as Baron von Raschke. From Parts Unknown... is an award-nominated Canadian drama about the rise and fall of a fictional wrestler. The 2009 South Park episode \"W.T.F.\" played on the soap operatic elements of professional wrestling. One of the lead characters on the Disney Channel series Kim Possible was a huge fan of pro wrestling and actually featured it on an episode (with two former WWE wrestlers voicing the two fictitious wrestlers featured in the episode). The 2008 film The Wrestler, about a washed-up professional wrestler, garnered several Oscar nominations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Bobo Brazil", "paragraph_text": "Houston Harris (July 10, 1924 – January 20, 1998) was an American professional wrestler, better known by his ring name Bobo Brazil. Credited with breaking down barriers of racial segregation in professional wrestling, Harris is considered one of the first successful African-American professional wrestlers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Professional wrestling", "paragraph_text": "Sometimes, poly-sided matches that pit every one for themselves will incorporate tagging rules. Outside of kayfabe, this is done to give wrestlers a break from the action (as these matches tend to go on for long periods of time), and to make the action in the ring easier to choreograph. One of the most mainstream examples of this is the four-corner match, the most common type of match in the WWE before it was replaced with its equivalent fatal four-way; four wrestlers, each for themselves, fight in a match, but only two wrestlers can be in the match at any given time. The other two are positioned in the corner, and tags can be made between any two wrestlers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Jake Deitchler", "paragraph_text": "Jacob \"Jake\" Deitchler (born December 1, 1989) is a retired American wrestler who won a position on the United States Olympic Greco-Roman wrestling team in 2008. Deitchler, from Ramsey, Minnesota, is a former University of Minnesota wrestler and is only the third wrestler in history to come directly from high school to earn a spot on the United States Olympic Team.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Professional wrestling", "paragraph_text": "Since all contact between the wrestlers must cease if any part of the body is touching, or underneath, the ropes, many wrestlers will attempt to break submission holds by deliberately grabbing the bottom ropes. This is called a \"rope break\", and it is one of the most common ways to break a submission hold. Most holds leave an arm or leg free, so that the person can tap out if they want. Instead, they use these free limbs to either grab one of the ring ropes (the bottom one is the most common, as it is nearest the wrestlers, though other ropes sometimes are used for standing holds such as Chris Masters' Master Lock) or drape their foot across, or underneath one. Once this has been accomplished, and the accomplishment is witnessed by the referee, the referee will demand that the offending wrestler break the hold, and start counting to five if the wrestler does not. If the referee reaches the count of five, and the wrestler still does not break the hold, they are disqualified.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Stephen Cepello", "paragraph_text": "Stephen Cepello (born June 29, 1949) is an American artist and a former professional wrestler. As a wrestler, he was best known by his ring names, Steve Strong. After retiring from wrestling to focus on his art career, he was selected to paint the official Governor's Mansion and Minnesota State Capitol portraits of former wrestler and Governor of Minnesota Jesse Ventura.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 376081, "question": "Wrestlers >> location", "answer": "Uffizi", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 }, { "id": 94210, "question": "Who was #1 designed by?", "answer": "Giorgio Vasari", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 } ]

[ "Buontalenti", "Alfonso Parigi", "Vasari", "vasari", "Bernardo Buontalenti" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "2017 Open Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 2017 Open Championship was a men's major golf championship and the 146th Open Championship, held from 20 -- 23 July at Royal Birkdale Golf Club in Southport, England. It was the tenth Open Championship at Royal Birkdale, which held its first in 1954.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "University of Kansas", "paragraph_text": "The school's sports teams, wearing crimson and royal blue, are called the Kansas Jayhawks. They participate in the NCAA's Division I and in the Big 12 Conference. KU has won thirteen National Championships: five in men's basketball (two Helms Foundation championships and three NCAA championships), three in men's indoor track and field, three in men's outdoor track and field, one in men's cross country and one in women's outdoor track and field. The home course for KU Cross Country is Rim Rock Farm. Their most recent championship came on June 8, 2013 when the KU women's track and field team won the NCAA outdoor in Eugene, Oregon becoming the first University of Kansas women's team to win a national title.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "June Beebe", "paragraph_text": "She was born in Chicago, Illinois. She won the Women's Western Open 1931 and 1933, and finished second in 1930 and 1932. She also competed under her married name, Mrs. Phillip Atwood. She also won the Chicago Women's District Golf Association's Championship twice, in 1933 and 1935.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "1867 Open Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 1867 Open Championship was the eighth Open Championship and was held on 26 September at Prestwick Golf Club. Tom Morris, Sr. won the championship for the fourth time, by two shots from Willie Park, Sr. Tom Morris, Sr. was 46 years old and remains the oldest Open Championship winner.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Claret Jug", "paragraph_text": "The awarding of the Claret Jug dates from 1872, when a new trophy was needed after Young Tom Morris had won the original Challenge Belt (presented by Prestwick Golf Club) outright in 1870 by winning the Championship three years in a row. Prestwick had both hosted and organised the Championship from 1860 to 1870.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Babe Didrikson Zaharias", "paragraph_text": "Mildred Ella ``Babe ''Didrikson Zaharias (/ zəˈhɑːriəs /; June 26, 1911 -- September 27, 1956) was an American athlete who achieved a great deal of success in golf, basketball, baseball and track and field. She won two gold medals in track and field at the 1932 Summer Olympics, before turning to professional golf and winning 10 LPGA major championships. She is widely regarded as one of the greatest female athletes of all time.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "2015 Open Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 2015 Open Championship was a men's major golf championship and the 144th Open Championship, held from 16 -- 20 July at the Old Course at St Andrews in Fife, Scotland. It was the 29th Open Championship played at the course and Zach Johnson won in a four - hole playoff for his second major title.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Barbara Barrow", "paragraph_text": "Barrow played college golf at San Diego State University, when in 1975 she won the national individual intercollegiate golf championship. She was a member of the U.S. Curtis Cup team in 1976. She was inducted into the San Diego State University Aztec Hall of Fame in 1992", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Jack Nicklaus", "paragraph_text": "Jack William Nicklaus (born January 21, 1940), nicknamed The Golden Bear, is an American retired professional golfer. In the opinion of many observers, he is the greatest golfer of all time. During a span of more than 25 years, he won a record 18 major championships, three ahead of Tiger Woods (15). Nicklaus focused on the major championships—Masters Tournament, U.S. Open, Open Championship and PGA Championship—and played a selective schedule of regular PGA Tour events. He has competed in more major championships (164) than any other player. He finished with 73 PGA Tour victories, third on the all-time list behind Sam Snead (82) and Tiger Woods (81).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Rives McBee", "paragraph_text": "McBee was born in Denton, Texas, and has called nearby Irving home for most of his life. He played on the PGA Tour from 1965 to 1971, before accepting a job as the head golf professional at Las Colinas Country Club in Irving. His best finish in a major championship was T-13 at the 1966 U.S. Open. He was a founding member of the Northern Texas Junior Golf Association, and a former Northern Texas PGA \"Teacher of the Year\". McBee won the club pro's national title in 1973.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Buster Bishop", "paragraph_text": "Bernays Emery \"Buster\" Bishop (1920 – November 19, 2004) was an American college golf coach. Bishop was best known for leading the Florida Gators men's golf team of the University of Florida to National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I championships in 1968 and 1973.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Augusta National Golf Club", "paragraph_text": "Augusta National Golf Club, located in Augusta, Georgia, is one of the most famous golf clubs in the world. Founded by Bobby Jones and Clifford Roberts on the site of the former Fruitland (later Fruitlands) Nursery, the course was designed by Jones and Alister MacKenzie and opened for play in January 1933. Since 1934, it has played host to the annual Masters Tournament, one of the four major championships in professional golf, and the only major played each year at the same course. It was the top - ranked course in Golf Digest's 2009 list of America's 100 greatest courses and was the number ten - ranked course based on course architecture on Golfweek Magazine's 2011 list of best classic courses in the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "List of men's major championships winning golfers", "paragraph_text": "Jack Nicklaus has won the most majors, achieving 18 victories during his career. Second on the list is Tiger Woods, who has won 14 majors to date; his most recent major victory was at the 2008 U.S. Open. Walter Hagen is third with 11 majors; he and Nicklaus have both won the most PGA Championships with five. Nicklaus also holds the record for the most victories in the Masters, winning the tournament six times. Additionally, Nicklaus shares the record for the most U.S. Open victories with Willie Anderson, Bobby Jones and Ben Hogan, each winning four times. Harry Vardon holds the record for the most Open Championship victories, winning six times during his career. Nicklaus, Woods, Hogan, Gary Player and Gene Sarazen are the only golfers to have won all four of the majors during their career, thus achieving the so - called career slam.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Mark O'Meara", "paragraph_text": "Mark O'Meara O'Meara in 2005 Full name Mark Francis O'Meara (1957 - 01 - 13) January 13, 1957 (age 61) Goldsboro, North Carolina Height 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m) Weight 195 lb (88 kg; 13.9 st) Nationality United States Residence Houston, Texas Spouse Meredith O'Meara Children Michelle, Shaun, Aidan Berkman (stepson) Career College Long Beach State University Turned professional 1980 Current tour (s) PGA Tour Champions (joined 2007) Former tour (s) PGA Tour (joined 1981) Professional wins 34 Number of wins by tour PGA Tour 16 European Tour Japan Golf Tour PGA Tour Champions Best results in major championships (wins: 2) Masters Tournament Won: 1998 U.S. Open T3: 1988 The Open Championship Won: 1998 PGA Championship T4: 1998 Achievements and awards World Golf Hall of Fame 2015 (member page) PGA Player of the Year 1998 PGA Tour Player of the Year 1998", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Johnny Fischer", "paragraph_text": "Fischer was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. He won the 1932 NCAA individual golf championship and the Big Ten Conference individual championship in 1932, 1933 and 1935 while playing at the University of Michigan. He also won the 1936 U.S. Amateur.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "1961 Open Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 1961 Open Championship was the 90th Open Championship, played 12–15 July at Royal Birkdale Golf Club in Southport, England. Arnold Palmer won the first of two consecutive Open Championships, one stroke ahead of Dai Rees. It was the second Open for Palmer, the runner-up in his first in 1960, and the fourth of his seven major titles. He was the first American to win the Claret Jug since Ben Hogan in 1953. This was the second Open Championship at Royal Birkdale, which hosted in 1954.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Men's major golf championships", "paragraph_text": "The majors originally consisted of two British tournaments, The Open Championship and The Amateur Championship, and two American tournaments, the U.S. Open and the U.S. Amateur. With the introduction of the Masters Tournament in 1934, and the rise of professional golf in the late 1940s and 1950s, the term ``major championships ''eventually came to describe the Masters, the U.S. Open, the Open Championship, and the PGA Championship. It is difficult to determine when the definition changed to include the current four tournaments, although many trace it to Arnold Palmer's 1960 season. After winning the Masters and the U.S. Open to start the season, he remarked that if he could win the Open Championship and PGA Championship to finish the season, he would complete`` a grand slam of his own'' to rival Bobby Jones's 1930 feat. Until that time, many U.S. players such as Byron Nelson also considered the Western Open and the North and South Open as two of golf's ``majors, ''and the British PGA Matchplay Championship was as important to British and Commonwealth professionals as the PGA Championship was to Americans.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "2013 Open Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 2013 Open Championship was a men's major golf championship and the 142nd Open Championship, held from 18 -- 21 July at Muirfield Golf Links in Gullane, East Lothian, Scotland. Phil Mickelson shot a final round 66 (− 5) to win his fifth major title, three strokes ahead of runner - up Henrik Stenson. Mickelson began the round five strokes back, in a tie for ninth place. Ian Poulter, Adam Scott, and 54 - hole leader Lee Westwood tied for third, four back of Mickelson.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Dick Gould", "paragraph_text": "Dick Gould is an American tennis coach. He was the Men's Tennis Coach at Stanford University for 38 years from 1966–2004. His Stanford men's tennis teams won 17 NCAA Men's Tennis Championships, and 50 of his players won All-American honors. He was named the ITA-Wilson \"Coach of the Decade\" both for the 1980s and the 1990s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Mike Nicolette", "paragraph_text": "Nicolette was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He attended Rollins College in Winter Park, Florida and was a member of the golf team. While a student at Rollins, he won the 1976 NCAA Division II Men's Golf Championship. He turned pro in 1978.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 52500, "question": "who has won the most men's major golf championships", "answer": "Jack Nicklaus", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 }, { "id": 159941, "question": "Who is #1 ?", "answer": "an American retired professional golfer", "paragraph_support_idx": 8 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "1936–37 Scottish Division Two", "paragraph_text": "The 1936–37 Scottish Second Division was won by Ayr United who, along with second placed Morton, were promoted to the First Division. Edinburgh City finished bottom.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "1985–86 Scottish Second Division", "paragraph_text": "The 1985–86 Scottish Second Division was won by Dunfermline Athletic who, along with second placed Queen of the South, were promoted to the First Division. Stranraer finished bottom.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "1984–85 Scottish Second Division", "paragraph_text": "The 1984–85 Scottish Second Division was won by Montrose who, along with second placed Alloa Athletic, were promoted to the First Division. Arbroath finished bottom.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "FC Osipovichi", "paragraph_text": "FC Osipovichi was founded in 1994 as KRZ Osipovichi and started playing in Belarusian Second League since 1994–95 season. In 1997, they changed their name to FC Svisloch-Krovlya Osipovichi and won the Second league, receiving promotion to the First League. In 1998 Svisloch-Krovlya finished 2nd in the First League and were promoted to the Premier League. In 1999 Svisloch-Krovlya finished last and were relegated back to the First League, where they were playing from 2000 to 2002. In 2001 team's name was shortened to FC Svosloch Osipovishi and in 2002 to FC Osipovichi. From 2003 till 2016, they played in the Second League. In 2016 they finished at the 2nd place, which led to promotion to Belarusian First League. The season 2017 they finished on the 15th place in the First League and were relegated back to the Second League. Since 2018 they play in the Second League.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Britain's Got Talent (series 11)", "paragraph_text": "The eleventh series was won by musician Tokio Myers, with magician Issy Simpson finishing in second place and comedian Daliso Chaponda in third place. During its broadcast, the series averaged around 9.1 million viewers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "2015 Open Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 2015 Open Championship was a men's major golf championship and the 144th Open Championship, held from 16 -- 20 July at the Old Course at St Andrews in Fife, Scotland. It was the 29th Open Championship played at the course and Zach Johnson won in a four - hole playoff for his second major title.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Pavel Kolmakov", "paragraph_text": "Kolmakov competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics for Kazakhstan. He placed 11th in the first qualifying round in the moguls, not advancing. He then finished 4th in the second qualifying round, moving on to the final. In the first run of the final, he placed 11th, advancing to the second run, where he finished 10th, not advancing to the final medal run.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Rives McBee", "paragraph_text": "McBee was born in Denton, Texas, and has called nearby Irving home for most of his life. He played on the PGA Tour from 1965 to 1971, before accepting a job as the head golf professional at Las Colinas Country Club in Irving. His best finish in a major championship was T-13 at the 1966 U.S. Open. He was a founding member of the Northern Texas Junior Golf Association, and a former Northern Texas PGA \"Teacher of the Year\". McBee won the club pro's national title in 1973.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "America's Got Talent", "paragraph_text": "On September 20, Darci Lynne Farmer won the twelfth season, becoming the third ventriloquist, third child act and the third female act to win the competition (second year in a row after VanderWaal's win in 2016). Child singer Angelica Hale was announced as the runner - up, Ukrainian dance act Light Balance finished in third place, deaf musician Mandy Harvey finished in fourth place and dog act Sara & Hero finished in fifth place.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "1956–57 Scottish Division Two", "paragraph_text": "The 1956–57 Scottish Second Division was won by Clyde who, along with second placed Third Lanark, were promoted to the First Division. East Stirlingshire finished bottom.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "2013 Open Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 2013 Open Championship was a men's major golf championship and the 142nd Open Championship, held from 18 -- 21 July at Muirfield Golf Links in Gullane, East Lothian, Scotland. Phil Mickelson shot a final round 66 (− 5) to win his fifth major title, three strokes ahead of runner - up Henrik Stenson. Mickelson began the round five strokes back, in a tie for ninth place. Ian Poulter, Adam Scott, and 54 - hole leader Lee Westwood tied for third, four back of Mickelson.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "1935 Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "In a change from the first year, the nines were switched to their present order, with the finishing hole at ``Holly. ''In the fourth round, Gene Sarazen holed a double eagle (235 yards, 4 wood) to tie Craig Wood and force a 36 - hole playoff. This second shot at`` Firethorn,'' the par - 5 15th hole, then 485 yards (443 m), is referred to in golf as the ``shot heard 'round the world. ''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "2000 PGA Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 2000 PGA Championship was the 82nd PGA Championship, held August 17–20 at the Valhalla Golf Club in Louisville, Kentucky. It was the second time for the event at Valhalla, which hosted four years earlier in 1996. Tiger Woods won his second straight PGA Championship and fifth major in a three-hole playoff over Bob May. Woods and May finished at 18 under par to set the PGA Championship record to par, later equaled by Woods in 2006. It was the first time since 1937 that a PGA Championship title was successfully defended, and the first ever as a stroke play event. Woods and May were five shots ahead of third-place finisher Thomas Bjørn.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Britain's Got Talent (series 10)", "paragraph_text": "The tenth series was won by magician Richard Jones, with jazz singer Wayne Woodward finishing in second place and dance troupe Boogie Storm in third place.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Chung Jae-hun (archer)", "paragraph_text": "He competed for South Korea in the 1992 Summer Olympics held in Barcelona, Spain in the individual event where he finished in second place behind Frenchman Sebastien Flute. He was also part of the South Korean team that finished fifth in the team event.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "1946–47 Scottish Division Two", "paragraph_text": "The 1946–47 Scottish Second Division was won by Dundee who, along with second placed Airdrieonians, were promoted to the First Division. Cowdenbeath finished bottom. It was the first season after World War II.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Men's major golf championships", "paragraph_text": "Along with his record 18 major victories, Jack Nicklaus also holds the record for most runner - up finishes in major championships, with 19, including a record 7 at the Open Championship. Phil Mickelson has the second most with 11 runner - up finishes after the 2016 Open Championship, which includes a record 6 runner - up finishes at the U.S. Open, the one major he has never won. Arnold Palmer had 10 second places, including three in the major he never won, the PGA Championship. There have been three golfers with 8 runner - up finishes -- Sam Snead, Greg Norman and Tom Watson. Norman shares the distinction of having lost playoffs in each of the four majors with Craig Wood (who lost the 1934 PGA final -- at match play -- on the second extra hole).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 17, "title": "2017 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix", "paragraph_text": "Mercedes driver Valtteri Bottas controlled the pace throughout the race to win from pole position. Lewis Hamilton finished in close second place, with Sebastian Vettel finishing third. Red Bull's Daniel Ricciardo retired due to mechanical failure, which was significant in facilitating fourth place for Kimi Räikkönen in the Driver's Championship.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "June Beebe", "paragraph_text": "She was born in Chicago, Illinois. She won the Women's Western Open 1931 and 1933, and finished second in 1930 and 1932. She also competed under her married name, Mrs. Phillip Atwood. She also won the Chicago Women's District Golf Association's Championship twice, in 1933 and 1935.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Jack Nicklaus", "paragraph_text": "Jack William Nicklaus (born January 21, 1940), nicknamed The Golden Bear, is an American retired professional golfer. In the opinion of many observers, he is the greatest golfer of all time. During a span of more than 25 years, he won a record 18 major championships, three ahead of Tiger Woods (15). Nicklaus focused on the major championships—Masters Tournament, U.S. Open, Open Championship and PGA Championship—and played a selective schedule of regular PGA Tour events. He has competed in more major championships (164) than any other player. He finished with 73 PGA Tour victories, third on the all-time list behind Sam Snead (82) and Tiger Woods (81).", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 54719, "question": "who has the most second place finishes in golf majors", "answer": "Jack Nicklaus", "paragraph_support_idx": 16 }, { "id": 159941, "question": "Who is #1 ?", "answer": "an American retired professional golfer", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Keen Software House", "paragraph_text": "Keen Software House is an independent video game developing company based in Prague, Czech Republic. The company was founded by Marek Rosa in 2010.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Cannon Mills", "paragraph_text": "The Cannon Mills Company was an American textile company founded by James William Cannon, based in Kannapolis, North Carolina. It was founded in 1888 and went bankrupt in July 2003. The Cannon brands were then purchased by the Iconix Brand Group.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "The Kennedy/Marshall Company", "paragraph_text": "The Kennedy/Marshall Company (KM) is an American film-production company, based in Santa Monica, California, founded in 1992 by spouses Kathleen Kennedy and Frank Marshall.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Airblaster", "paragraph_text": "Airblaster is a clothing company of the United States that makes clothing and accessories for snowboarding and winter fun. It is independently owned.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Transportistas Unidos Mexicanos", "paragraph_text": "Transportistas Unidos Mexicanos otherwise known as TUM or TUM Transportistas, is a Mexican Trucking Company based out of Mexico City founded in 1938. TUM operates 18 terminals all over Mexico, with its corporate headquarters located in Mexico City Mexico, and its international headquarters located across from the U.S.' busiest port of entry in Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas. TUM carries a fleet of over 1,800 Trucks, 2,500 trailers, and 1,800 drivers making it the largest trucking company in Mexico.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association", "paragraph_text": "The Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) of the United States was founded in 1909 by several flavor firms in response to the passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906. Founding members were McCormick & Company, Ulman Driefus & Company, Jones Brothers, Blanke Baer Chemical Company, Frank Tea & Spice Company, Foote & Jenkes, Sherer Gillett Company, and C.F. Sauer Company.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Gary Culliss", "paragraph_text": "Gary Culliss (born 1970) is an American entrepreneur who has founded several technology companies, including the search engine company Direct Hit Technologies and the interactive voice telecommunications company, SoundBite Communications (NASDAQ: SDBT).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Kids Wish Network", "paragraph_text": "The Kids Wish Network was founded in 1997 as the \"Fulfill a Wish Foundation\" by Mark Breiner, his wife Shelley Breiner and Shelley's mother Barbara Askin in honor of Shelley's father, who died of cancer in 1993. In 1998, the company's name was changed to \"Kids Wish Network\" as part of a settlement after the Make-A-Wish Foundation sued the organization on the premise that it had a confusingly similar name.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "De Agostini", "paragraph_text": "De Agostini S.p.A. is an Italian holding company that coordinates the strategic operating companies - De Agostini Editore, De Agostini Communications, IGT and DeA Capital - and makes financial investments, among which the main investment is a minority stake in Assicurazioni Generali. It was founded in 1901 by the geographer Giovanni De Agostini in Rome, Italy, and later moved to Novara, Italy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Jolt Online Gaming", "paragraph_text": "Founded in 1999, Jolt Online Gaming was based in Europe, with servers across the US. Jolt was known as one of the pioneers of the supply of rentable servers to online gaming clans. Jolt was acquired by OMAC Industries, a company based in Dublin, Ireland in June 2008. On November 8, 2009, the website Silicon Republic confirmed that Gamestop had acquired a stake in Jolt, making a major, undisclosed investment.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "The Ultimate Entrepreneur", "paragraph_text": "The biographical book, The ultimate entrepreneur: the story of Ken Olsen and Digital Equipment Corporation, chronicles the experiences of Ken Olsen racing to design minicomputers at the company of his own founding, Digital Equipment Corporation. At the time the book was published by two computer journal writers, Ken Olsen was competing with other Massachusetts computing companies such as Data General (founded by his former employee), Prime Computer, Wang Laboratories, Symbolics, Lotus Development Corporation, and Apollo Computer. While believing in the value of software, he did not believe in the value of software separate from hardware, and missed the opportunity to fund Lotus 1-2-3 or Visicalc. He also missed the importance of the personal computer, but his futuristic vision of the Client–server model helped to launch Ethernet.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Mogen David", "paragraph_text": "Mogen David is a company based in Westfield, New York that makes wines, including the fortified wine MD 20 / 20. Mogen David Wine Co. is a trademark held by their parent company The Wine Group in Livermore, California.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Logica", "paragraph_text": "Logica was a multinational IT and management consultancy company headquartered in Reading, United Kingdom. Founded in 1969, the company became a wholly owned subsidiary of CGI Group in 2012.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "MACOSA", "paragraph_text": "The Company Material y Construcciones S.A. (or MACOSA) was founded in 1947 by the merger of the Valencian company \"Construcciones Devis\" (founded by Talleres Devis in 1879) and the \"Sociedad Material para Ferrocarriles y Construcciones S.A.\" of Barcelona; this coincided with the beginning of the industrialisation of Spain.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Hainaut-Sambre", "paragraph_text": "Hainaut-Sambre was a Belgian group of steel companies based in the Charleroi region, it was founded in 1955 by the merger of Usine Métallurgiques du Hainaut (based in Couillet, Charleroi), and the metal making division of \"Sambre et Moselle\" (based in Montignies-sur-Sambre, Charleroi).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Renaissance Broadcasting", "paragraph_text": "Renaissance Broadcasting, founded in 1982 by Michael Finkelstein, was a company that owned several UHF television stations, it was sold to Tribune Broadcasting in 1997. The company was headquartered in Greenwich, Connecticut.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Bally Manufacturing", "paragraph_text": "The Bally Manufacturing Corporation was founded by Raymond Moloney on January 10, 1932, when Bally's original parent, Lion Manufacturing, established the company to make pinball games. The company took its name from its first game, Ballyhoo. The company, based in Chicago, quickly became a leading maker of the games. In the late 1930s, Moloney began making gambling equipment, and had great success developing and improving the mechanical slot machines that were the core of the nascent gaming industry. After manufacturing munitions and airplane parts during World War II, Bally Manufacturing Corporation continued to produce innovations in flipperless pinball machines, bingo machines, payout machines and console slot machines through the late 1950s. They also designed and manufactured vending machines and established a coffee vending service. The company made a brief venture into the music business with their own record label, Bally Records.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Bayou City Broadcasting", "paragraph_text": "Bayou City Broadcasting, LLC is a broadcasting company founded in December 2007 and owned by DuJuan McCoy. The company is based in The Woodlands, Texas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "VT100", "paragraph_text": "The VT100 is a video terminal, introduced in August 1978 by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC). It was one of the first terminals to support ANSI escape codes for cursor control and other tasks, and added a number of extended codes for special features like controlling the status lights on the keyboard. This led to rapid uptake of the ANSI standard, becoming the de facto standard for terminal emulators.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Starbucks", "paragraph_text": "Starbucks Corporation is an American coffee company and coffeehouse chain. Starbucks was founded in Seattle, Washington in 1971. As of 2018, the company operates 28,218 locations worldwide.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 132805, "question": "What company makes VT100?", "answer": "Digital Equipment Corporation", "paragraph_support_idx": 18 }, { "id": 855283, "question": "#1 >> founded by", "answer": "Ken Olsen", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "A. James Clark", "paragraph_text": "Alfred James Clark (December 2, 1927 – March 20, 2015) was an American engineer, businessman and philanthropist. He was chairman and CEO of Clark Enterprises, Inc., headquartered in Bethesda, Maryland. The company's largest subsidiary is Clark Construction Group, LLC, one of the United States' largest construction companies, founded in 1906 as the George Hyman Construction Company.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Plumtree Software", "paragraph_text": "Plumtree Software is a former software company founded in 1996 by product managers and engineers from Oracle and Informix with funding from Sequoia Capital. The company was a pioneer of extending the portal concept popularized by Yahoo! from the web to enterprise computing. BEA Systems acquired Plumtree on October 20, 2005, and Oracle subsequently acquired BEA. Plumtree's former portal product continues as part of Oracle's product line.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Mogen David", "paragraph_text": "Mogen David is a company based in Westfield, New York that makes wines, including the fortified wine MD 20 / 20. Mogen David Wine Co. is a trademark held by their parent company The Wine Group in Livermore, California.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "DECsystem", "paragraph_text": "DECsystem was a line of server computers from Digital Equipment Corporation. They were based on MIPS architecture processors and ran DEC's version of the UNIX operating system, called Ultrix. They ranged in size from workstation-style desktop enclosures to large pedestal cabinets.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Laverda (harvesters)", "paragraph_text": "Laverda is a manufacturer of combine harvesters and hay equipment, based in Breganze, Italy. It was founded in 1873 by Pietro Laverda to produce farming implements in the Province of Vicenza. 1956 was the year the first self-propelled Laverda combine, the M 60, was manufactured. Laverda formed a partnership with Fiat in 1981, and would be a part of that company for some 20 years.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Transportistas Unidos Mexicanos", "paragraph_text": "Transportistas Unidos Mexicanos otherwise known as TUM or TUM Transportistas, is a Mexican Trucking Company based out of Mexico City founded in 1938. TUM operates 18 terminals all over Mexico, with its corporate headquarters located in Mexico City Mexico, and its international headquarters located across from the U.S.' busiest port of entry in Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas. TUM carries a fleet of over 1,800 Trucks, 2,500 trailers, and 1,800 drivers making it the largest trucking company in Mexico.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Figure Eight Inc.", "paragraph_text": "Originally called Dolores Labs, the company was founded in 2007 by Lukas Biewald and Chris Van Pelt. They found a need for temporary workers doing simple tasks that could not be automated. After experimenting with pictures and questions related to them on Amazon's Mechanical Turk, a crowdsourcing internet marketplace, they encouraged others to participate in their experimentation through the site Facestat. They collected 20 million assessments of people's faces within three months and began to add queries for companies needing data such as event listing site Zvents and O'Reilly Media.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Alza", "paragraph_text": "Founded in 1968 by Dr. Alejandro Zaffaroni; the company's name is a portmanteau of his name. Alza was a major pioneer in the field of drug delivery systems, bringing over 20 prescription pharmaceutical products to market, and employing about 10,000 people during 20 years. In 2001, Alza was acquired by Johnson & Johnson via a stock-for-stock transaction worth US$10.5 billion.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Kids Wish Network", "paragraph_text": "The Kids Wish Network was founded in 1997 as the \"Fulfill a Wish Foundation\" by Mark Breiner, his wife Shelley Breiner and Shelley's mother Barbara Askin in honor of Shelley's father, who died of cancer in 1993. In 1998, the company's name was changed to \"Kids Wish Network\" as part of a settlement after the Make-A-Wish Foundation sued the organization on the premise that it had a confusingly similar name.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Hainaut-Sambre", "paragraph_text": "Hainaut-Sambre was a Belgian group of steel companies based in the Charleroi region, it was founded in 1955 by the merger of Usine Métallurgiques du Hainaut (based in Couillet, Charleroi), and the metal making division of \"Sambre et Moselle\" (based in Montignies-sur-Sambre, Charleroi).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "John Henry Comstock", "paragraph_text": "In 1893, John Henry Comstock and Simon Henry Gage founded the Comstock Publishing Company in order to make textbooks on microscopy, histology, and entomology available at a reasonable price to students and to publish the works of Anna Botsford Comstock on nature study.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association", "paragraph_text": "The Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) of the United States was founded in 1909 by several flavor firms in response to the passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906. Founding members were McCormick & Company, Ulman Driefus & Company, Jones Brothers, Blanke Baer Chemical Company, Frank Tea & Spice Company, Foote & Jenkes, Sherer Gillett Company, and C.F. Sauer Company.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Nest Seekers International", "paragraph_text": "President and CEO Eddie Shapiro founded the company in 2001, and has presently expanded to over 20 offices and more than 800 team members and around the globe . Based in Manhattan, Brooklyn, Long Island City, The Hamptons, New Jersey, Miami, Beverly Hills, Seoul and London, Nest Seekers International has emerged as a leading global real estate firm.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "De Agostini", "paragraph_text": "De Agostini S.p.A. is an Italian holding company that coordinates the strategic operating companies - De Agostini Editore, De Agostini Communications, IGT and DeA Capital - and makes financial investments, among which the main investment is a minority stake in Assicurazioni Generali. It was founded in 1901 by the geographer Giovanni De Agostini in Rome, Italy, and later moved to Novara, Italy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "The Ultimate Entrepreneur", "paragraph_text": "The biographical book, The ultimate entrepreneur: the story of Ken Olsen and Digital Equipment Corporation, chronicles the experiences of Ken Olsen racing to design minicomputers at the company of his own founding, Digital Equipment Corporation. At the time the book was published by two computer journal writers, Ken Olsen was competing with other Massachusetts computing companies such as Data General (founded by his former employee), Prime Computer, Wang Laboratories, Symbolics, Lotus Development Corporation, and Apollo Computer. While believing in the value of software, he did not believe in the value of software separate from hardware, and missed the opportunity to fund Lotus 1-2-3 or Visicalc. He also missed the importance of the personal computer, but his futuristic vision of the Client–server model helped to launch Ethernet.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Scott Ross (film executive)", "paragraph_text": "Scott Ross (born November 20, 1951) is an American digital media executive with a career spanning three decades. In the 1980s he led George Lucas' companies and in 1993 he founded, along with James Cameron and Stan Winston, Digital Domain, Inc., one of the largest digital production studios in the motion picture and advertising industries.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Daewoo", "paragraph_text": "It was founded on 22 March 1967 as \"Daewoo Industrial\" and was declared bankrupt on 1 November 1999, with debts of about US$50 billion (equivalent to $ billion in ). Prior to the Asian financial crisis, Daewoo was the second largest conglomerate in Korea after the Hyundai Group. There were about 20 divisions under the Daewoo Group, some of which survive today as independent companies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "British colonization of the Americas", "paragraph_text": "In 1607, Jamestown, Virginia was founded by the London Company (also known as the Virginia Company). In Newfoundland, a chartered company known as the Society of Merchant Venturers established a permanent settlement at Cuper's Cove, from 1610. St. George's, Bermuda was founded by the Virginia Company, in 1612.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "DECSYSTEM-20", "paragraph_text": "The DECSYSTEM-20 was a 36-bit Digital Equipment Corporation PDP-10 mainframe computer running the TOPS-20 operating system (products introduced in 1977).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 19, "title": "San Jacinto, California", "paragraph_text": "San Jacinto is a city in Riverside County, California. It was named after Saint Hyacinth and is located at the north end of the San Jacinto Valley, with Hemet to its south and Beaumont, California, to its north. The mountains associated with the valley are the San Jacinto Mountains. The population was 44,199 at the 2010 census. The city was founded in 1870 and incorporated on April 20, 1888, making it one of the oldest cities in Riverside County.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 132681, "question": "What company makes DECSYSTEM-20?", "answer": "Digital Equipment Corporation", "paragraph_support_idx": 18 }, { "id": 855283, "question": "#1 >> founded by", "answer": "Ken Olsen", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "1980 PGA Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 1980 PGA Championship was the 62nd PGA Championship, held August 7–10 at the East Course of Oak Hill Country Club in Rochester, New York. Jack Nicklaus won his fifth PGA Championship, seven strokes ahead of runner-up Andy Bean. The victory tied Nicklaus with Walter Hagen, who won five PGA titles in match play competition in the 1920s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "As with the other majors, winning the Masters gives a golfer several privileges which make his career more secure. Masters champions are automatically invited to play in the other three majors (the U.S. Open, The Open Championship, and the PGA Championship) for the next five years (except for amateur winners, unless they turn pro within the five - year period), and earn a lifetime invitation to the Masters. They also receive membership on the PGA Tour for the following five seasons and invitations to The Players Championship for five years.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Jay Hebert", "paragraph_text": "Junius Joseph \"Jay\" Hebert (February 14, 1923 – May 25, 1997) was an American professional golfer. He won seven times on the PGA Tour including the 1960 PGA Championship. His younger brother, Lionel Hebert, also won the PGA Championship, in 1957, the last edition at match play. Jay played on the 1959 and 1961 Ryder Cup teams and was captain for the 1971 team.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Jeff Gove", "paragraph_text": "Jeff Gove (born May 28, 1971) is an American professional golfer who has played on the PGA Tour and the Web.com Tour.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Jack Nicklaus", "paragraph_text": "Jack William Nicklaus (born January 21, 1940), nicknamed The Golden Bear, is an American retired professional golfer. In the opinion of many observers, he is the greatest golfer of all time. During a span of more than 25 years, he won a record 18 major championships, three ahead of Tiger Woods (15). Nicklaus focused on the major championships—Masters Tournament, U.S. Open, Open Championship and PGA Championship—and played a selective schedule of regular PGA Tour events. He has competed in more major championships (164) than any other player. He finished with 73 PGA Tour victories, third on the all-time list behind Sam Snead (82) and Tiger Woods (81).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Dustin Johnson", "paragraph_text": "Dustin Johnson Johnson at 2012 Open Championship Full name Dustin Hunter Johnson Nickname DJ (1984 - 06 - 22) June 22, 1984 (age 34) Columbia, South Carolina Height 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m) Weight 190 lb (86 kg; 14 st) Nationality United States Residence Palm Beach Gardens, Florida Spouse Paulina Gretzky Children Career College Coastal Carolina University Turned professional 2007 Current tour (s) PGA Tour Professional wins 20 Number of wins by tour PGA Tour 19 Other Best results in major championships (wins: 1) Masters Tournament T4: 2016 U.S. Open Won: 2016 The Open Championship T2: 2011 PGA Championship T5: 2010 Achievements and awards PGA Player of the Year 2016 PGA Tour Player of the Year 2016 PGA Tour leading money winner 2016 Vardon Trophy 2016 Byron Nelson Award 2016", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Pelham Country Club", "paragraph_text": "Pelham Country Club is a country club located on the border of Pelham Manor and New Rochelle in Westchester County, New York. The club hosted the PGA Championship in 1923, which Gene Sarazen won.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "2009 PGA Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 2009 PGA Championship was the 91st PGA Championship, held August 13–16 at Hazeltine National Golf Club in Chaska, Minnesota, a suburb southwest of Minneapolis.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Jimmy Walker (golfer)", "paragraph_text": "James William Walker (born January 16, 1979) is an American professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour. After playing in 187 events without a win on the PGA Tour, Walker won three times in the first eight events of the 2014 season. He is a six-time winner on the PGA Tour, and in 2016 won his first major title at the PGA Championship.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "1971 PGA Championship", "paragraph_text": "Jack Nicklaus won the second of his five PGA Championships, two strokes ahead of Billy Casper, the reigning Masters champion. Nicklaus led wire-to-wire, and held a four-stroke lead over Gary Player after 54 holes, with Casper seven shots back. The two were pre-tournament favorites, along with Arnold Palmer, who shot an opening round 75 and finished at 289 (+1), eight strokes back.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "2010 PGA Championship", "paragraph_text": "Martin Kaymer won his first major championship in a three - hole playoff over Bubba Watson. It was the second PGA Championship in six years at Whistling Straits, the first in 2004 was won by Vijay Singh, also in a playoff.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "David Graham (golfer)", "paragraph_text": "Anthony David Graham, AM (born 23 May 1946) is a former professional golfer from Australia. He won eight times on the PGA Tour, including two major championships.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Oklahoma", "paragraph_text": "Regular LPGA tournaments are held at Cedar Ridge Country Club in Tulsa, and major championships for the PGA or LPGA have been played at Southern Hills Country Club in Tulsa, Oak Tree Country Club in Oklahoma City, and Cedar Ridge Country Club in Tulsa. Rated one of the top golf courses in the nation, Southern Hills has hosted four PGA Championships, including one in 2007, and three U.S. Opens, the most recent in 2001. Rodeos are popular throughout the state, and Guymon, in the state's panhandle, hosts one of the largest in the nation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Rives McBee", "paragraph_text": "McBee was born in Denton, Texas, and has called nearby Irving home for most of his life. He played on the PGA Tour from 1965 to 1971, before accepting a job as the head golf professional at Las Colinas Country Club in Irving. His best finish in a major championship was T-13 at the 1966 U.S. Open. He was a founding member of the Northern Texas Junior Golf Association, and a former Northern Texas PGA \"Teacher of the Year\". McBee won the club pro's national title in 1973.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Mark O'Meara", "paragraph_text": "Mark O'Meara O'Meara in 2005 Full name Mark Francis O'Meara (1957 - 01 - 13) January 13, 1957 (age 61) Goldsboro, North Carolina Height 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m) Weight 195 lb (88 kg; 13.9 st) Nationality United States Residence Houston, Texas Spouse Meredith O'Meara Children Michelle, Shaun, Aidan Berkman (stepson) Career College Long Beach State University Turned professional 1980 Current tour (s) PGA Tour Champions (joined 2007) Former tour (s) PGA Tour (joined 1981) Professional wins 34 Number of wins by tour PGA Tour 16 European Tour Japan Golf Tour PGA Tour Champions Best results in major championships (wins: 2) Masters Tournament Won: 1998 U.S. Open T3: 1988 The Open Championship Won: 1998 PGA Championship T4: 1998 Achievements and awards World Golf Hall of Fame 2015 (member page) PGA Player of the Year 1998 PGA Tour Player of the Year 1998", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Tiger Woods", "paragraph_text": "Tiger Woods Woods in June 2014 Full name Eldrick Tont Woods Nickname Tiger (1975 - 12 - 30) December 30, 1975 (age 42) Cypress, California Height 6 ft 1 in (185 cm) Weight 185 lb (84 kg) Nationality United States Residence Jupiter Island, Florida Spouse Elin Nordegren (2004 -- 2010) Children Career College Stanford University (did not graduate) Turned professional Current tour (s) PGA Tour (joined 1996) Professional wins 106 Number of wins by tour PGA Tour 79 (2nd all time) European Tour 40 (3rd all time) Japan Golf Tour Asian Tour PGA Tour of Australasia Other 16 Best results in major championships (wins: 14) Masters Tournament Won: 1997, 2001, 2002, 2005 U.S. Open Won: 2000, 2002, 2008 The Open Championship Won: 2000, 2005, 2006 PGA Championship Won: 1999, 2000, 2006, 2007 Achievements and awards PGA Tour Rookie of the Year PGA Player of the Year 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2013 PGA Tour Player of the Year 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2013 PGA Tour leading money winner 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2013 Vardon Trophy 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2013 Byron Nelson Award 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009 FedEx Cup Champion 2007, 2009 (For a full list of awards, see here)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Don January", "paragraph_text": "Donald Ray January (born November 20, 1929) is an American retired professional golfer, best known for winning the 1967 PGA Championship.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "1975 PGA Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 1975 PGA Championship was the 57th PGA Championship, played August 7–10 at the South Course of Firestone Country Club in Akron, Ohio. Jack Nicklaus, an Ohio native, won the fourth of his five PGA Championships and the fourteenth of his eighteen major titles, two strokes ahead of runner-up Bruce Crampton. Nicklaus was the 54-hole leader, four strokes ahead of Crampton.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "WWE Championship", "paragraph_text": "WWE Championship The current WWE Championship belt with default side plates (2014 -- present) Details Promotion WWE Brand SmackDown Date established April 25, 1963 Current champion (s) Jinder Mahal Date won May 21, 2017 Other name (s) WWWF World Heavyweight Championship (1963 -- 1971) WWWF Heavyweight Championship (1971 -- 1979) WWF Heavyweight Championship (1979 -- 1983) WWF World Heavyweight Championship (1983 -- 1998) WWF Championship (1998 -- 2001) Undisputed WWF Championship (2001 -- 2002) Undisputed WWE Championship (2002) WWE Undisputed Championship (2002) WWE Championship (2002 -- 2013, 2016 -- present) WWE World Heavyweight Championship (2013 -- 2016) WWE World Championship (2016) (show) Statistics First champion (s) Buddy Rogers Most reigns John Cena (13 times) Longest reign Bruno Sammartino (2803 days) Shortest reign André the Giant (1 minute, 48 seconds) Oldest winner Vince McMahon (7004197500000000000 ♠ 54 years, 27 days) Youngest winner Brock Lesnar (7003917500000000000 ♠ 25 years, 44 days) Heaviest champion Yokozuna (568 lb (258 kg)) Lightest champion Rey Mysterio (175 lb (79 kg))", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "2000 PGA Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 2000 PGA Championship was the 82nd PGA Championship, held August 17–20 at the Valhalla Golf Club in Louisville, Kentucky. It was the second time for the event at Valhalla, which hosted four years earlier in 1996. Tiger Woods won his second straight PGA Championship and fifth major in a three-hole playoff over Bob May. Woods and May finished at 18 under par to set the PGA Championship record to par, later equaled by Woods in 2006. It was the first time since 1937 that a PGA Championship title was successfully defended, and the first ever as a stroke play event. Woods and May were five shots ahead of third-place finisher Thomas Bjørn.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 246646, "question": "1971 PGA Championship >> winner", "answer": "Jack Nicklaus", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 }, { "id": 159941, "question": "Who is #1 ?", "answer": "an American retired professional golfer", "paragraph_support_idx": 4 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Retsil, Washington", "paragraph_text": "Retsil is an unincorporated community in Kitsap County, Washington, United States. It is located on the Puget Sound, and is known for its veterans facilities. Retsil is located within the Parkwood Census-designated place (CDP).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Jefferson, Jefferson County, Wisconsin", "paragraph_text": "Jefferson is a town in Jefferson County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 2,178 at the 2010 census. The city of Jefferson is located partially within the town. The census-designated place of Helenville is also located in the town.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Fano Altarpiece", "paragraph_text": "The Fano Altarpiece is a painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Pietro Perugino, executed in 1497, and housed in the church of Santa Maria Nuova, Fano, central Italy. It also includes a lunette with a \"Pietà\" and several predella panels.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Turtle Trek", "paragraph_text": "Turtle Trek is a 3D dome theater located at SeaWorld Orlando in the United States. It was designed by Falcon's Treehouse and PGAV Destinations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Hill Building", "paragraph_text": "The Hill Building is a 17-story modernistic skyscraper located in Durham, North Carolina. Built in 1935-1937, the Hill Building was designed by New York City architecture firm Shreve, Lamb & Harmon, best known for the design of the Empire State Building.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Pavillon Suisse", "paragraph_text": "The Pavillon Suisse or Swiss pavilion was designed by Le Corbusier between 1930–31 and is located at the Cité Internationale Universitaire, Paris.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Daeyang Gallery and House", "paragraph_text": "The Daeyang Gallery and House, designed by Steven Holl Architects, is located in the Kangbuk neighborhood of Seoul, South Korea.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Bainbridge, Pennsylvania", "paragraph_text": "Bainbridge, Pennsylvania, is a census-designated place located in Conoy Township in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, with a zip code of 17502. Bainbridge is located along Pennsylvania Route 441. As of the 2010 census the popululation was 1,355 residents.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Ellicott, Colorado", "paragraph_text": "Ellicott is a census-designated place located in El Paso County, Colorado. The population as of the 2010 Census was 1,131.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Menakuru", "paragraph_text": "Menakuru is a village located in the Naidupet mandal of Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India. It is a designated Special Economic Zone (SEZ).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Nolen Niu", "paragraph_text": "Nolen Niu (born 1975) is an American Industrial Designer who received his Bachelor of Science in Industrial Design from the Art Center College of Design located in Pasadena, California.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Huntsman Cancer Institute", "paragraph_text": "Huntsman Cancer Institute (HCI) is an NCI-designated cancer research facility and hospital located on the campus of the University of Utah in Salt Lake City, Utah. It is the only National Cancer Institute-designated Comprehensive Cancer Center in the Intermountain West.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Uffizi", "paragraph_text": "The building of Uffizi complex was begun by Giorgio Vasari in 1560 for Cosimo I de' Medici so as to accommodate the offices of the Florentine magistrates, hence the name , \"offices\". The construction was later continued by Alfonso Parigi and Bernardo Buontalenti; it was completed in 1581. The top floor was made into a gallery for the family and their guests and included their collection of Roman sculptures.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Joutseno Church", "paragraph_text": "Joutseno Church () is a church designed by Josef Stenbäck located in Joutseno, Lappeenranta, Finland. The church was built in 1921.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Pietà or Revolution by Night", "paragraph_text": "Pietà or Revolution by Night (Pietà ou La révolution la nuit) (1923) is a painting by German surrealist and Dadaist Max Ernst. Since 1981 it has been part of the collection of the Tate Gallery in London.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Ashford Designer Outlet", "paragraph_text": "The McArthurGlen Ashford Designer Outlet was designed by the Richard Rogers Partnership and engineers Buro Happold, and opened in March 2000. There are over 120 designer brands located at the shopping outlet.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Kaufmann Desert House", "paragraph_text": "The Kaufmann House (or Kaufmann Desert House) is a house located in Palm Springs, California, that was designed by architect Richard Neutra in 1946.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Manurhin", "paragraph_text": "Manurhin is a trademark used by Chapuis Armes beginning in 1998, and located in Saint-Bonnet-le-Château, France to designate the Manurhin MR73 revolver. Manurhin is also used the designate \"Manufacture de Machines du Haut-Rhin\" the original designer and manufacturer of said revolver but who now only manufactures military munitions.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Pietà (Perugino)", "paragraph_text": "Pietà is a painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Pietro Perugino, executed around 1483-1493, and housed in the Uffizi Gallery, Florence.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Michelangelo", "paragraph_text": "A number of Michelangelo's works of painting, sculpture and architecture rank among the most famous in existence. His output in these fields was prodigious; given the sheer volume of surviving correspondence, sketches and reminiscences, he is the best - documented artist of the 16th century. He sculpted two of his best - known works, the Pietà and David, before the age of thirty. Despite holding a low opinion of painting, he also created two of the most influential frescoes in the history of Western art: the scenes from Genesis on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in Rome, and The Last Judgment on its altar wall. His design of the Laurentian Library pioneered Mannerist architecture. At the age of 74, he succeeded Antonio da Sangallo the Younger as the architect of St. Peter's Basilica. He transformed the plan so that the western end was finished to his design, as was the dome, with some modification, after his death.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 651488, "question": "Pietà >> location", "answer": "Uffizi", "paragraph_support_idx": 18 }, { "id": 94210, "question": "Who was #1 designed by?", "answer": "Giorgio Vasari", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 } ]

[ "Buontalenti", "Alfonso Parigi", "Vasari", "vasari", "Bernardo Buontalenti" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Gang Related", "paragraph_text": "Gang Related is a 1997 American crime thriller film written and directed by Jim Kouf starring James Belushi, Tupac Shakur, Dennis Quaid, Lela Rochon, David Paymer and James Earl Jones. The film revolves around two corrupt cops who attempt to frame a homeless man for the murder of an undercover DEA agent they themselves had killed. The film, Shakur's last, was released over a year after his death.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Island Life", "paragraph_text": "Island Life is a compilation album by Grace Jones released in December 1985, summing up the first nine years of her musical career. The album sits among Jones' best-selling works.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "David Bowie", "paragraph_text": "Dissatisfied with his stage name as Davy (and Davie) Jones, which in the mid-1960s invited confusion with Davy Jones of The Monkees, Bowie renamed himself after the 19th - century American pioneer James Bowie and the knife he had popularised. His April 1967 solo single, ``The Laughing Gnome '', using speeded - up thus high - pitched vocals, failed to chart. Released six weeks later, his album debut, David Bowie, an amalgam of pop, psychedelia, and music hall, met the same fate. It was his last release for two years.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Oshman's Sporting Goods", "paragraph_text": "Oshman's Sporting Goods Former type Private Industry Retail Fate Acquired by Gart Sports Founded 1919; 99 years ago (1919) (as Oshman's Dry Goods); 1933; 85 years ago (1933) (as Oshman's Sporting Goods) Defunct 2005; 13 years ago (2005) Headquarters Houston, Texas Area served United States Key people J.S. ``Jake ''Oshman (founder) Products Apparel, sports equipment, footwear, exercise equipment Parent Gart Sports (2001 - 2005) Website Oshman's Sporting Goods (Archive)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Lancashire", "paragraph_text": "Lancashire produced well known teams in super league such as St Helens, Wigan, and Warrington. The county was once the focal point for many of the sport's professional competitions including the Lancashire League competition which ran from 1895 to 1970, and the Lancashire County Cup which was abandoned in 1993. Rugby League has also seen a representative fixture between Lancashire and Yorkshire contested 89 times since its inception in 1895. Currently there are several rugby league teams that are based within the ceremonial county which include Blackpool Panthers, East Lancashire Lions, Blackpool Sea Eagles, Bamber Bridge, Leyland Warriors, Chorley Panthers, Blackpool Stanley, Blackpool Scorpions and Adlington Rangers.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Thomas Bevan", "paragraph_text": "Thomas Bevan (c.1796 – 31 January 1819) was, with fellow Welshman David Jones, the first Christian missionary to Madagascar, sent by the London Missionary Society.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Zipp Newman", "paragraph_text": "Henry Hardin \"Zipp\" Newman (May 24, 1894 – March 3, 1977) was an early 20th-century American sportswriter. In 1919 he became the South's youngest sports editor at the \"Birmingham News\" and was to become the Dean of Southern sports writers. For 44 years he was the official scorer for baseball's \"AA\" Southern League. Newman was a correspondent for \"The Sporting News\" for many years, and became first associated with the Birmingham News in 1912. He started restricting his duties in 1959 when he became sports editor emeritus, but continued to write his column. Newman was elected to the Alabama Sports Hall of Fame in 1975, and started the institution as its first executive secretary.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Dave Johnson (announcer)", "paragraph_text": "Dave Johnson is an American announcer and sportscaster, best known for his work in horse racing with ABC and NBC Sports and at various race tracks in New York and New Jersey. His signature line -- ``And down the stretch they come! ''-- is instantly recognizable throughout the sport, and often imitated by comedians, notably David Letterman.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "David Jones (rugby)", "paragraph_text": "David \"Tarw\" Jones (1881- 21 January 1933) (also known as Dai Jones) was a Welsh dual-code international rugby union and rugby league footballer. He was a member of the winning Welsh team who beat the 1905 touring All Blacks in a game considered one of the greatest in the history of rugby union. Jones is the only Welsh player to have been part of a team to have beaten the All Blacks in the union and league game and is the second dual-code international rugby player from the Northern Hemisphere.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "The Masters was started by noted amateur champion Bobby Jones and investment banker Clifford Roberts. After his grand slam in 1930, Jones acquired the former plant nursery and co-designed Augusta National with course architect Alister MacKenzie. First played 84 years ago in 1934, the tournament is an official money event on the PGA Tour, the European Tour, and the Japan Golf Tour. The field of players is smaller than those of the other major championships because it is an invitational event, held by the Augusta National Golf Club.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Range Rover Sport", "paragraph_text": "The Range Rover Sport is a British luxury mid-size SUV made by Land Rover. The first generation (codename: L320) started production in 2004, and was replaced by the second generation Sport (codename: L494) in 2013.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Department store", "paragraph_text": "David Jones was started by David Jones, a Welsh merchant who met Hobart businessman Charles Appleton in London. Appleton established a store in Sydney in 1825 and Jones subsequently established a partnership with Appleton, moved to Australia in 1835, and the Sydney store became known as Appleton & Jones. When the partnership was dissolved in 1838, Jones moved his business to premises on the corner of George Street and Barrack Lane, Sydney. David Jones claims to be the oldest department store in the world still trading under its original name.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Jessica Jones (season 1)", "paragraph_text": "Jessica Jones (season 1) Promotional poster Starring Krysten Ritter Mike Colter Rachael Taylor Wil Traval Erin Moriarty Eka Darville Carrie - Anne Moss David Tennant Country of origin United States No. of episodes 13 Release Original network Netflix Original release November 20, 2015 (2015 - 11 - 20) Season chronology Next → Season 2 List of Jessica Jones episodes", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "David Lloyd Club Turó", "paragraph_text": "The David Lloyd Club Turó is a sports club in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The venue has been the host of the annual WTA tournament, the Barcelona Ladies Open in 2008, 2009 and 2010.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Thursday FC", "paragraph_text": "Thursday FC was an Australian sports variety television program which covered professional association football in Australia. It was shown on SBS2 and presented by Lucy Zelic and former footballer David Zdrilic.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Santiago Lambre", "paragraph_text": "Santiago Lambre was born in Porto Alegre, Brazil on July 23rd, 1975. His father, Nestor Lambre was a professional show jumping rider with proven success and recognition in South America and Europe, who influenced Santiago’s love for the sport who started riding when he was 5 years old.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "List of Only Fools and Horses characters", "paragraph_text": "Character Actor First appearance Last appearance Duration Episodes Del Boy David Jason (James Buckley in Rock & Chips) ``Big Brother ''2014 Sport Relief special 1981 - 2003, 2014 64 Rodney Nicholas Lyndhurst`` Big Brother'' 2014 Sport Relief special 1981 - 2003, 2014 64 Grandad Lennard Pearce (Phil Daniels in Rock & Chips) ``Big Brother ''`` Licensed to Drill'' 1981 -- 1984 22 Uncle Albert Buster Merryfield ``Strained Relations ''`` The Comic Relief Special'' 1985 -- 1997 37 Cassandra Gwyneth Strong ``Yuppy Love ''`` Sleepless in Peckham'' 1989 -- 2003 21 Raquel Tessa Peake - Jones ``Dates ''`` Sleepless in Peckham'' 1988 - 2003 20", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Rod Laver", "paragraph_text": "Rodney George Laver AC, MBE (born 9 August 1938) is an Australian former tennis player widely regarded as one of the greatest in the history of the sport. He was the No. 1 ranked professional from 1964 to 1970, spanning four years before and three years after the start of the Open Era in 1968. He also was the No. 1 ranked amateur in 1961 -- 62.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Norah Jones", "paragraph_text": "In 1999, Jones left Texas for New York City. Less than a year later, she started a band with Harris, and her recordings with them were bestsellers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "The Confession (1999 film)", "paragraph_text": "The Confession is a 1999 American drama film directed by David Hugh Jones, starring Ben Kingsley and Alec Baldwin. It is based on the novel by Sol Yurick.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 349407, "question": "David Jones >> sport", "answer": "rugby league", "paragraph_support_idx": 8 }, { "id": 12907, "question": "What year did #1 start?", "answer": "1895", "paragraph_support_idx": 4 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Isabel of Coimbra", "paragraph_text": "Infanta Isabel of Coimbra (Isabella of Portugal) (1 March 1432 – 2 December 1455) was a Portuguese infanta and a queen consort of Portugal as the first spouse of King Afonso V of Portugal.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Jim (Huckleberry Finn)", "paragraph_text": "Jim Adventures of Huckleberry Finn character Jim standing on a raft alongside Huck Created by Mark Twain Information Gender Male Spouse (s) Sadie (wife) Children Elizabeth (daughter) Johnny (son) Nationality African American", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Louise of the Netherlands", "paragraph_text": "Louise of the Netherlands (Wilhelmina Frederika Alexandrine Anna Louise; 5 August 1828 – 30 March 1871) was the Queen of Sweden and Norway as spouse of King Charles XV of Sweden and IV of Norway.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Norah Michener", "paragraph_text": "Norah Willis Michener (1902 – January 12, 1987) was the wife of Roland Michener, the 20th Governor General of Canada. As the spouse of a Governor General, she held the title of Chatelaine of Rideau Hall.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Beatrice of Bohemia", "paragraph_text": "Beatrice of Bohemia (; 1225–1290) was a daughter of King Wenceslaus I of Bohemia and his wife Kunigunde of Hohenstaufen.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Dr. Hackenstein", "paragraph_text": "Dr. Hackenstein is a 1988 comedy horror film written and directed by Richard Clark and distributed by Troma Entertainment. After the death of his wife, Dr. Hackenstein (David Muir) concocts the perfect plan: with the help of a few graverobbers and a couple of lost girls, he can use the spare parts to reanimate his dead spouse and build a better woman.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Khentetka", "paragraph_text": "Khentetka or Khentetenka (fl. 26th century BCE) was a Queen of Egypt; the wife of King Djedefre during the 4th dynasty.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Christopher, Duke of Lolland", "paragraph_text": "Christopher (; 1341 – 11 June 1363), Duke of Lolland, was the son of King Valdemar IV of Denmark and his wife Helvig of Schleswig. Christopher was appointed duke in 1359 and also was selected to succeed as king.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Aliya bint Ali", "paragraph_text": "Queen Aliya bint Ali of Hejaz (1911 – 21 December 1950), was an Arabian princess and a queen consort of Iraq. She was the spouse and first cousin of King Ghazi of Iraq and the queen mother of King Faisal II of Iraq. She was the last Queen of Iraq.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "I Have a Dream", "paragraph_text": "``I Have a Dream ''is a public speech delivered by American civil rights activist Martin Luther King Jr. during the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom on August 28, 1963, in which he calls for an end to racism in the United States and called for civil and economic rights. Delivered to over 250,000 civil rights supporters from the steps of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C., the speech was a defining moment of the civil rights movement.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Soledad Román de Núñez", "paragraph_text": "Soledad Román de Núñez (1835-1924) was the first lady of Colombia in 1880-82, 1884–88 and 1892, by her marriage to president Rafael Núñez. She is considered to have wielded a considerable influence in policy and participated in state affairs in Colombia during the presidencies of her spouse more than any other woman in Colombia before her. She is credited with the victory of the government in the conflict of 1885, as well as the concordat of 1887. She was a controversial figure, because her marriage was not recognized by the Catholic church, as the wedding had been civil, as her spouse's first wife was still alive and he was still married to her in the eyes of the Catholic church.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Valdemar Christian of Schleswig-Holstein", "paragraph_text": "Valdemar Christian of Schleswig-Holstein (1622–February 26, 1656) was the son of king Christian IV of Denmark and his morganatic spouse Kirsten Munk. He had the title Count of Schleswig-Holstein.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Mahabharat (1988 TV series)", "paragraph_text": "Girija Shankar as Dhritrashtra, Vichitravirya's son from Ambika (eldest) / later king of Hastinapur / father of Kauravas Renuka Israni as Gandhari, wife of Dhritrashtra / Queen of Hastinapur / mother of Kauravas / princess of Gandhara Tarakesh Chauhan as Pandu, Vichitravirya's son from Ambalika (youngest) / King of Hastinapur / father of Pandavas Nazneen as Kunti, Pandu's first wife / mother of Yudhisthira, Bhim and Arjun / Daughter of Shoorsen hence Vasudev's sister andYadava princess Roma Manik as Madri, Padu's second wife / Matsya princess / mother of Nakul and Sahadev Virendra Razdan as Vidur, the Mahaa Mantri of Hastinapur / son of Ambika's head maid, Parishrami / half - brother to the kings Dhritarashtra and Pandu of Hastinapura and also the uncle of Pandavas and Kauravas Kamlesh Maan as Sulabha, Vidur's wife", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Planet of the Apes (2001 film)", "paragraph_text": "Planet of the Apes is a 2001 American science fiction film directed by Tim Burton and starring Mark Wahlberg, Tim Roth, Helena Bonham Carter, Michael Clarke Duncan, Paul Giamatti, and Estella Warren. The sixth film produced in the \"Planet of the Apes\" franchise, it was loosely adapted from Pierre Boulle's 1963 novel of the same name and the 1968 film version. It tells the story of astronaut Leo Davidson crash-landing on a planet inhabited by intelligent apes. The apes treat humans as slaves, but with the help of an ape named Ari, Leo starts a rebellion.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Notulu", "paragraph_text": "Notulu I was queen consort as a wife of King Ngombala of the Lozi people. She was starved to death by one of his successors, King Mwananyanda Liwale. Her father was named Mwiyawamatende.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Louise of Mecklenburg-Güstrow", "paragraph_text": "Louise of Mecklenburg-Güstrow (28 August 1667 – 15 March 1721) was Queen consort of Denmark and Norway as the first spouse of the King Frederick IV of Denmark. In 1708–09, she was regent during her husband's trip to Italy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "The King's Speech", "paragraph_text": "Colin Firth as King George VI Geoffrey Rush as Lionel Logue Helena Bonham Carter as Queen Elizabeth Guy Pearce as King Edward VIII Timothy Spall as Winston Churchill Derek Jacobi as Cosmo Gordon Lang Jennifer Ehle as Myrtle Logue Michael Gambon as King George V Freya Wilson as Princess Elizabeth Ramona Marquez as Princess Margaret Patrick Ryecart as Clive Wigram, 1st Baron Wigram Simon Chandler as Bertrand Dawson, 1st Viscount Dawson of Penn Claire Bloom as Queen Mary Orlando Wells as Prince George, Duke of Kent Eve Best as Wallis Simpson Anthony Andrews as Stanley Baldwin", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Eve Best", "paragraph_text": "Emily ``Eve ''Best (born 31 July 1971) is an English stage and screen actress and director, known for her television roles as Dr. Eleanor O'Hara in the Showtime series Nurse Jackie (2009 -- 13), First Lady Dolley Madison in the American Experience television special (2011), and Monica Chatwin in the BBC miniseries The Honourable Woman (2014). She also played Wallis Simpson in the 2010 film The King's Speech.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Clementia of Hungary", "paragraph_text": "Clementia of Hungary (; 1293–13 October 1328) was queen of France and Navarre as the second wife of King Louis X.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Blanche of Anjou", "paragraph_text": "Blanche of Anjou (1280 – 14 October 1310) was Queen of Aragon as the second spouse of King James II. She was a member of the Capetian House of Anjou, she is also known as \"Blanche of Naples\". She served as Regent or \"Queen-Lieutenant\" of Aragon during the absence of her spouse in 1310.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 90625, "question": "who played the wife in the king's speech", "answer": "Helena Bonham Carter", "paragraph_support_idx": 16 }, { "id": 576533, "question": "#1 >> spouse", "answer": "Tim Burton", "paragraph_support_idx": 13 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Singapore Airlines International Cup", "paragraph_text": "The Singapore Airlines International Cup was a Group 1 flat horse race in Singapore which is open to thoroughbreds aged three years or older. It is run at Kranji over a distance of 2,000 metres (about 1¼ miles), and it is scheduled to take place each year in May. It has been discontinued to run from 2016 onwards.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Manuel Ycaza", "paragraph_text": "An icon in his country of birth, Ycaza's success inspired other diminutive Panamanian youngsters to pursue a career as a jockey. In 1962, \"Sports Illustrated\" magazine published an article about the \"Spanish invasion\" of American Thoroughbred horse racing led by Ycaza.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "War Admiral", "paragraph_text": "War Admiral (May 2, 1934 -- October 30, 1959) was an American thoroughbred racehorse, best known as the fourth winner of the American Triple Crown and Horse of the Year in 1937, and rival of Seabiscuit in the 'Match Race of the Century' in 1938. During his career toward the end of the Great Depression, War Admiral won 21 of his 26 starts with earnings of $273,240 ($3.5 million in 2016 dollars.) After his retirement stud, he was the leading sire in North America for 1945 and was also an outstanding broodmare sire whose influence is still felt today in descendants such as American Pharoah.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "John Albert Morris", "paragraph_text": "John Albert Morris (July 29, 1836 – May 25, 1895) was an American businessman widely known as the \"Lottery King\" and a prominent figure in the sport of thoroughbred horse racing. A native of New Jersey, he benefited from a large inheritance and added substantially to his fortune through a majority interest in the Louisiana State Lottery Company.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Scone Thoroughbreds", "paragraph_text": "Scone Thoroughbreds is a country rugby league team, based in Scone, New South Wales, competing in the Group 21 competition under the auspices of the Country Rugby League.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Flawlessly", "paragraph_text": "Flawlessly (1988–2002) was an American Thoroughbred race horse bred by Harbor View Farm. She was a daughter of 1978 Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing champion Affirmed and La Confidence by Nijinsky II.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Range Rover Sport", "paragraph_text": "The Range Rover Sport is a British luxury mid-size SUV made by Land Rover. The first generation (codename: L320) started production in 2004, and was replaced by the second generation Sport (codename: L494) in 2013.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Eldon Nelson", "paragraph_text": "Glen Eldon Nelson (January 28, 1927 - March 16, 2012) was an American jockey in the sport of Thoroughbred horse racing who competed primarily at tracks on the East Coast of the United States and who is best known for winning the 1972 Preakness Stakes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Kentucky Derby", "paragraph_text": "Kentucky Derby Grade I race The Most Exciting Two Minutes in Sports; The Run for the Roses Location Churchill Downs Louisville, Kentucky, U.S. Inaugurated 1875 Race type Thoroughbred Website www.kentuckyderby.com Race information Distance 1 ⁄ miles (10 furlongs; 2,012 m) Record 1: ​ 59 ⁄, Secretariat (1973) Surface Dirt Track Left - handed Qualification 3 - year - old Weight Colt / Gelding: 126 lbs (57.2 kg) Filly: 121 lb (55 kg) Purse US $2 million 1st: $1,425,000 Bonuses US $200", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Quebec Derby", "paragraph_text": "The Quebec Derby was a Canadian Thoroughbred horse race held annually between 1961 and 1975 at Blue Bonnets Raceway in Montreal, Canada. A race for three-year-olds on dirt, it was run over a distance of 1⅛ miles (9 furlongs or 1,811 metres).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Grosser Preis von Baden", "paragraph_text": "The Grosser Preis von Baden is a Group 1 flat horse race in Germany open to thoroughbreds aged three years or older. It is run at Baden-Baden over a distance of 2,400 metres (about 1½ miles), and it is scheduled to take place each year in early September.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Burley E. Parke", "paragraph_text": "Burley Elijah Parke (March 21, 1905 – October 4, 1977) was an American jockey and a Hall of Fame trainer in the sport of Thoroughbred horse racing.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "England", "paragraph_text": "England has a strong sporting heritage, and during the 19th century codified many sports that are now played around the world. Sports originating in England include association football, cricket, rugby union, rugby league, tennis, boxing, badminton, squash, rounders, hockey, snooker, billiards, darts, table tennis, bowls, netball, thoroughbred horseracing, greyhound racing and fox hunting. It has helped the development of golf, sailing and Formula One.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing (United States)", "paragraph_text": "In the United States, the Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing, commonly known as the Triple Crown, is a title awarded to a three - year - old Thoroughbred horse who wins the Kentucky Derby, Preakness Stakes, and Belmont Stakes. The three races were inaugurated in different years, the last being the Kentucky Derby in 1875. These races are now run annually in May and early June of each year. The Triple Crown Trophy, commissioned in 1950 but awarded to all previous winners as well as those after 1950, is awarded to a Triple Crown winner.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Cradle Stakes", "paragraph_text": "The Cradle Stakes is an American flat Thoroughbred horse race for two-year-olds held annually at River Downs in Cincinnati, Ohio. It is currently an ungraded stakes race run over a distance of 8.5 furlongs on turf.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "The Great British Bake Off", "paragraph_text": "Location (s) Cotswolds, Scone Palace, Sandwich, Bakewell, Mousehole, Fulham Palace (all 2010) Valentines Mansion (2011) Harptree Court (2012 -- 13) Welford Park (2014 --)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Rod Laver", "paragraph_text": "Rodney George Laver AC, MBE (born 9 August 1938) is an Australian former tennis player widely regarded as one of the greatest in the history of the sport. He was the No. 1 ranked professional from 1964 to 1970, spanning four years before and three years after the start of the Open Era in 1968. He also was the No. 1 ranked amateur in 1961 -- 62.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Santiago Lambre", "paragraph_text": "Santiago Lambre was born in Porto Alegre, Brazil on July 23rd, 1975. His father, Nestor Lambre was a professional show jumping rider with proven success and recognition in South America and Europe, who influenced Santiago’s love for the sport who started riding when he was 5 years old.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Thoroughbred Racing on NBC", "paragraph_text": "Thoroughbred Racing on NBC is the \"de facto\" title for a series of horse races events whose broadcasts are produced by NBC Sports, the sports division of the NBC television network in the United States. Race coverage is currently helmed by, among others, host Mike Tirico, along with analysts Randy Moss and Jerry Bailey, handicappers Eddie Olczyk and Britney Eurton, reporters Kenny Rice, Donna Barton Brothers, Laffit Pincay, III and Carolyn Manno and track announcer Larry Collmus.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Lancashire", "paragraph_text": "Lancashire produced well known teams in super league such as St Helens, Wigan, and Warrington. The county was once the focal point for many of the sport's professional competitions including the Lancashire League competition which ran from 1895 to 1970, and the Lancashire County Cup which was abandoned in 1993. Rugby League has also seen a representative fixture between Lancashire and Yorkshire contested 89 times since its inception in 1895. Currently there are several rugby league teams that are based within the ceremonial county which include Blackpool Panthers, East Lancashire Lions, Blackpool Sea Eagles, Bamber Bridge, Leyland Warriors, Chorley Panthers, Blackpool Stanley, Blackpool Scorpions and Adlington Rangers.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 570534, "question": "Scone Thoroughbreds >> sport", "answer": "rugby league", "paragraph_support_idx": 4 }, { "id": 12907, "question": "What year did #1 start?", "answer": "1895", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Sierradyne", "paragraph_text": "Acme Aircraft Co was an aircraft manufacturer founded by Hugh Crawford and Roger Keeney in Torrance, California. After 1953 the company was known as Sierradyne.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Laerdal", "paragraph_text": "Laerdal is a major manufacturer of medical equipment and medical training products based in Stavanger, Norway. Established in 1940 as a print shop, it soon began manufacturing popular rubber toys under the name Tomte Laerdal - the company's best-known product in the 1960s. An outgrowth of this expertise in plastics was the manufacture of medical training models and devices - the company's mainstay. Laerdal's best-known product today is a training mannequin popularly named 'CPR Annie'.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Colt's Manufacturing Company", "paragraph_text": "Colt's Manufacturing Company, LLC (CMC, formerly Colt's Patent Firearms Manufacturing Company) is an American firearms manufacturer, founded in 1855 by Samuel Colt. It is the successor corporation to Colt's earlier firearms-making efforts, which started in 1836. Colt is known for the engineering, production, and marketing of firearms, most especially between the 1850s and World War I, when it was a dominating force in its industry and a seminal influence on manufacturing technology. Colt's earliest designs played a major role in the popularization of the revolver and the shift away from earlier single-shot pistols. Although Samuel Colt did not invent the revolver concept, his designs resulted in the first very successful ones.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "ANCA (company)", "paragraph_text": "ANCA Pty Ltd (formerly Australian Numerical Control and Automation Pty Ltd) is an Australia company which designs and manufactures computer numerical controlled grinding machines. The company was founded in 1974 by Pat Boland and Pat McCluskey in Melbourne, Australia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Ross Video", "paragraph_text": "Ross Video Ltd is a privately held Canadian company that designs and manufactures equipment for live event and video production. The company's signature product line is production switchers, or vision mixers, which were the basis for the founding of the company. The company's products are used daily in over 100 countries by broadcast television networks, cable TV networks, sports stadiums, live production companies, government agencies and houses of worship. Ross Video's headquarters and manufacturing operations are located in Iroquois, Ontario, Canada, while their R&D labs are in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association", "paragraph_text": "The Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) of the United States was founded in 1909 by several flavor firms in response to the passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906. Founding members were McCormick & Company, Ulman Driefus & Company, Jones Brothers, Blanke Baer Chemical Company, Frank Tea & Spice Company, Foote & Jenkes, Sherer Gillett Company, and C.F. Sauer Company.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Erickson Inc.", "paragraph_text": "Erickson Incorporated is an American aircraft manufacturing and operating company based in Portland, Oregon, United States. Founded in 1971, it is known for producing the S-64 Aircrane helicopter, which is used in fire suppression and other heavy-lift operations. The company was known as Erickson Air-Crane Incorporated until 2014. Erickson's main facility is located in the Southern Oregon community of Central Point.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "William Doud Packard", "paragraph_text": "William Doud Packard (November 3, 1861 – November 11, 1923) was an American automobile manufacturer who founded the Packard Motor Car Company and Packard Electric Company with his brother James Ward Packard.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Mil-Muğan FK", "paragraph_text": "Mil-Muğan FK is an Azerbaijani football club based in Imishli, that currently plays in Azerbaijan First Division. The club was founded in 2004 by МКТ Istehsalat-Kommersiya, a cotton manufacturing company.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Nigeria", "paragraph_text": "Nigeria in recent years has been embracing industrialisation. It currently has an indigenous vehicle manufacturing company, Innoson Motors, which manufactures Rapid Transit Buses, Trucks and SUVs with an upcoming introduction of Cars. Nigeria also has few Electronic manufacturers like Zinox, the first Branded Nigerian Computer and Electronic gadgets (like tablet PCs) manufacturers. In 2013, Nigeria introduced a policy regarding import duty on vehicles to encourage local manufacturing companies in the country. In this regard, some foreign vehicle manufacturing companies like Nissan have made known their plans to have manufacturing plants in Nigeria. Ogun is considered to be the current Nigeria's industrial hub, as most factories are located in Ogun and more companies are moving there, followed by Lagos.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "The Ultimate Entrepreneur", "paragraph_text": "The biographical book, The ultimate entrepreneur: the story of Ken Olsen and Digital Equipment Corporation, chronicles the experiences of Ken Olsen racing to design minicomputers at the company of his own founding, Digital Equipment Corporation. At the time the book was published by two computer journal writers, Ken Olsen was competing with other Massachusetts computing companies such as Data General (founded by his former employee), Prime Computer, Wang Laboratories, Symbolics, Lotus Development Corporation, and Apollo Computer. While believing in the value of software, he did not believe in the value of software separate from hardware, and missed the opportunity to fund Lotus 1-2-3 or Visicalc. He also missed the importance of the personal computer, but his futuristic vision of the Client–server model helped to launch Ethernet.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Maybach", "paragraph_text": "Maybach Motorenbau () is a defunct German car manufacturer that today exists as a sub-brand of Mercedes-Benz. The company was founded in 1909 by Wilhelm Maybach and his son, originally as a subsidiary of \"Luftschiffbau Zeppelin GmbH\", and it was known as \"Luftfahrzeug-Motorenbau GmbH\" until 1999.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Consett Iron Company", "paragraph_text": "The Consett Iron Company Ltd was an industrial business based in the Consett area of County Durham in the United Kingdom. The company owned coal mines and limestone quarries, and manufactured iron and steel. It was registered on 4 April 1864 as successor to the Derwent & Consett Iron Company Ltd. This in turn was the successor to the Derwent Iron Company, founded in 1840.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "History of the automobile", "paragraph_text": "In the United States, brothers Charles and Frank Duryea founded the Duryea Motor Wagon Company in 1893, becoming the first American automobile manufacturing company. The Autocar Company, founded in 1897, established a number of innovations still in use and remains the oldest operating motor vehicle manufacturer in the United States However, it was Ransom E. Olds and his Olds Motor Vehicle Company (later known as Oldsmobile) who would dominate this era of automobile production. Its production line was running in 1901. The Thomas B. Jeffery Company developed the world's second mass - produced automobile, and 1,500 Ramblers were built and sold in its first year, representing one - sixth of all existing motorcars in the United States at the time. Within a year, Cadillac (formed from the Henry Ford Company), Winton, and Ford were also producing cars in the thousands.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Pernigotti", "paragraph_text": "It is one of the oldest and most traditional manufacturers of chocolate and nougat candy in Italy, founded in 1860 in the town of Novi Ligure, Piedmont. In 2013 it was sold to the Toksoz company of Istanbul.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "LINC-8", "paragraph_text": "LINC-8 was the name of a minicomputer manufactured by Digital Equipment Corporation between 1966 and 1969. It combined a LINC computer with a PDP-8 in one cabinet, thus being able to run programs written for either of the two architectures.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Ag-Chem Equipment", "paragraph_text": "Ag-Chem Equipment Company was a manufacturer of nutrient and pesticide application equipment that was founded in Jackson, Minnesota USA. It was sold to AGCO Corporation in 2001.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Johnson & Johnson", "paragraph_text": "Johnson & Johnson is an American multinational medical devices, pharmaceutical and consumer packaged goods manufacturing company founded in 1886. Its common stock is a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average and the company is listed among the Fortune 500.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Holden", "paragraph_text": "Holden, formerly known as General Motors - Holden, is an Australian automobile importer and former automobile manufacturer with its headquarters in Port Melbourne, Victoria. The company was founded in 1856 as a saddlery manufacturer in South Australia. In 1908 it moved into the automotive field, becoming a subsidiary of the United States - based General Motors (GM) in 1931, when the company was renamed General Motors - Holden's Ltd. It was renamed Holden Ltd in 1998, and General Motors - Holden in 2005.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Sheffield Pharmaceuticals", "paragraph_text": "Sheffield Pharmaceuticals is a manufacturer of over the counter pharmaceutical products to retailers in the United States. It manufactures and sells products both under its own labels and privately for other companies, and is an FDA registered cGMP facility. The company was founded in 1880 as the Sheffield Dentifrice Company by Washington Sheffield, the inventor of modern toothpaste.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 133254, "question": "Which company is known as the manufacturer of LINC-8?", "answer": "Digital Equipment Corporation", "paragraph_support_idx": 15 }, { "id": 855283, "question": "#1 >> founded by", "answer": "Ken Olsen", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Gilbert Seldes", "paragraph_text": "Gilbert Vivian Seldes (; January 3, 1893 – September 29, 1970) was an American writer and cultural critic. Seldes served as the editor and drama critic of the seminal modernist magazine \"The Dial\" and hosted the NBC television program \"The Subject is Jazz\" (1958). He also wrote for other magazines and newspapers like \"Vanity Fair\" and the \"Saturday Evening Post\". He was most interested in American popular culture and cultural history. He wrote and adapted for Broadway, including \"Lysistrata\" and \"A Midsummer Night's Dream\" in the 1930s. Later, he made films, wrote radio scripts and became the first director of television for CBS News and the founding dean of the Annenberg School for Communication at the University of Pennsylvania.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Take Offs and Landings", "paragraph_text": "Take Offs and Landings is Rilo Kiley's debut full-length album, originally released in 2001 under the vanity label \"Rilo Records,\" then shortly thereafter on the independent label Barsuk Records. It was released for the first time on vinyl on March 15, 2011.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Dr. Seuss", "paragraph_text": "Geisel adopted the name ``Dr. Seuss ''as an undergraduate at Dartmouth College and a graduate student at the University of Oxford. He left Oxford in 1927 to begin his career as an illustrator and cartoonist for Vanity Fair, Life, and various other publications. He also worked as an illustrator for advertising campaigns, most notably for FLIT and Standard Oil, and as a political cartoonist for the New York newspaper PM. He published his first children's book And to Think That I Saw It on Mulberry Street in 1937. During World War II, he took a brief hiatus from children's literature and worked in an animation department of the United States Army where he produced several short films, including Design for Death, which later won the 1947 Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Qiu Shihua", "paragraph_text": "Qiu Shihua (Chinese: 邱世华) is a notable Chinese landscape painter born 1940 in Zizhong, Sichuan Province, China. He lives and works in Beijing and Shenzhen.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Tout ce qui brille", "paragraph_text": "Tout ce qui brille is a 2010 French film and the debut feature film for Géraldine Nakache and Hervé Mimran, who co-wrote and co-directed the film. It was filmed in Puteaux, La Défense, and Paris, notably the 16th arrondissement.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Anirudh Lal Nagar", "paragraph_text": "Anirudh Lal Nagar (4 October 1930 – 4 February 2014) was an Indian econometrician notable for his work on the finite-sample inference in econometrics.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Benjamin Franklin", "paragraph_text": "Franklin is known to have played the violin, the harp, and the guitar. He also composed music, notably a string quartet in early classical style. While he was in London, he developed a much-improved version of the glass harmonica, in which the glasses rotate on a shaft, with the player's fingers held steady, instead of the other way around. He worked with the London glassblower Charles James to create it, and instruments based on his mechanical version soon found their way to other parts of Europe. Joesph Haydn (a fan of Franklin's enlightened ideas) had a glass harmonica in his instrument collection. Beethoven wrote a sonata for the glass harmonica.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Alexander Graham Bell", "paragraph_text": "At the age of 19, he wrote a report on his work and sent it to philologist Alexander Ellis, a colleague of his father (who would later be portrayed as Professor Henry Higgins in Pygmalion). Ellis immediately wrote back indicating that the experiments were similar to existing work in Germany, and also lent Bell a copy of Hermann von Helmholtz's work, The Sensations of Tone as a Physiological Basis for the Theory of Music.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Weepecket Islands", "paragraph_text": "The Weepecket Islands are a group of three islands which are part of the Elizabeth Islands of Dukes County, Massachusetts, United States. They are located off the north shore of Naushon Island, the largest of the Elizabeth Islands. Together the three Weepeckets have a land area of 0.051 km (0.02 sq mi, or 12.6 acres). The islands were used as practice target for bombs, rockets, and machine guns from 1941 to 1957. There are no signs on the islands anymore due to a bonfire in the summer of 2005.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Grasshoppers (Cavallette)", "paragraph_text": "Grasshoppers (Cavallette) is an Italian animated short by Bruno Bozzetto which condenses the whole of human civilization into 9 minutes, focusing primarily on the human race's predilection for warfare and the vanity of war. It was an nominated for an Academy Award for Best Animated Short in 1990.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Mark Seal", "paragraph_text": "Mark Seal is an American journalist and author. Seal worked as a journalist in Texas before becoming a freelance magazine writer in 1984, a contributing editor at \"Vanity Fair\" since 2003, and has written and co-written about 15 books.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Jacques Damala", "paragraph_text": "Aristides Damalas (Greek: Aριστεíδης Δαμαλάς, alternative spellings \"Aristidis\" or \"Aristide\"; 15 January 1855 – 18 August 1889), known in France by the stage name Jacques Damala, was a Greek military officer-turned-actor, who is mostly remembered as being husband to Sarah Bernhardt for a number of years. Damala's characterization by modern researchers is far from positive. His handsomeness was as notable as his insolence and Don Juan quality. Writer Fredy Germanos describes him as an opportunistic and hedonistic person, whose marriage to the great diva would inevitably intensify and maximize his vices, namely, his vanity and obsession with women, alcohol, and drugs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "The Bronx", "paragraph_text": "By contrast, Tom Wolfe's Bonfire of the Vanities (1987) portrays a wealthy, white protagonist, Sherman McCoy, getting lost off the Major Deegan Expressway in the South Bronx and having an altercation with locals. A substantial piece of the last part of the book is set in the resulting riotous trial at the Bronx County Courthouse. However, times change, and in 2007, the New York Times reported that \"the Bronx neighborhoods near the site of Sherman's accident are now dotted with townhouses and apartments.\" In the same article, the Reverend Al Sharpton (whose fictional analogue in the novel is \"Reverend Bacon\") asserts that \"twenty years later, the cynicism of The Bonfire of the Vanities is as out of style as Tom Wolfe's wardrobe.\"", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Adonais", "paragraph_text": "Shelley regarded Adonais as the ``least imperfect ''of his works. In a 5 June 1821 letter to John and Maria Gisborne, Shelley wrote about the work:`` It is a highly wrought piece of art, perhaps better in point of composition than anything I have written.''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "More Demi Moore", "paragraph_text": "More Demi Moore or the August 1991 \"Vanity Fair\" cover was a controversial handbra nude photograph of the then seven-months pregnant Demi Moore taken by Annie Leibovitz for the August 1991 cover of \"Vanity Fair\" to accompany a cover story about Moore.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Vanity Lair", "paragraph_text": "Vanity Lair is a reality television programme on Channel 4 in the United Kingdom. The series began on 3 February 2008 and is presented by Alexa Chung.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Jean-Victor Poncelet", "paragraph_text": "Jean-Victor Poncelet (1 July 1788 – 22 December 1867) was a French engineer and mathematician who served most notably as the Commanding General of the École Polytechnique. He is considered a reviver of projective geometry, and his work \"Traité des propriétés projectives des figures\" is considered the first definitive text on the subject since Gérard Desargues' work on it in the 17th century. He later wrote an introduction to it: \"Applications d’analyse et de géométrie\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test", "paragraph_text": "The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test is a nonfiction book by Tom Wolfe that was published in 1968. The book is remembered today as an early – and arguably the most popular – example of the growing literary style called New Journalism. Wolfe presents an as-if-firsthand account of the experiences of Ken Kesey and his band of Merry Pranksters, who traveled across the country in a colorfully painted school bus, the destination of which was always \"Furthur\", as indicated on its sign, but also exemplified by the general ethos of the Pranksters themselves. Kesey and the Pranksters became famous for their use of LSD and other psychedelic drugs in hopes of achieving intersubjectivity. The book chronicles the Acid Tests (parties in which LSD-laced Kool-Aid was used to obtain a communal trip), the group's encounters with (in)famous figures of the time, including famous authors, Hells Angels, and The Grateful Dead, and it also describes Kesey's exile to Mexico and his arrests.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Bonfire toffee", "paragraph_text": "Bonfire toffee (also known as treacle toffee, Plot toffee, or Tom Trot) is a hard, brittle toffee associated with Halloween and Guy Fawkes Night (also known as \"Bonfire Night\") in the United Kingdom. The toffee tastes very strongly of molasses (black treacle), and cheap versions can be quite bitter. In Scotland, the treat is known as claggum, with less sweet versions known as clack. In Wales, it is known as loshin du. (losin du or taffi triog). The flavour is similar to that of butterscotch, although it is a toffee and never a viscous liquid.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Brian Rust", "paragraph_text": "Rust was born in London, and collected records from the age of five. He worked in the BBC's record library from 1945 to 1960, and supervised broadcasting selections. He wrote for \"The Gramophone\" from 1948 to 1970, and wrote freelance from 1960, including liner notes for record releases , such as Bernard Miles' ' Over the Gate ' , ep., in 1956.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 38555, "question": "Who wrote 'Bonfire of the Vanities'?", "answer": "Tom Wolfe", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 }, { "id": 631696, "question": "#1 >> notable work", "answer": "The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Rock Hill (point)", "paragraph_text": "Rock Hill (not to be confused with the town of Rock Hill, Florida) is a high point in Florida. This hill is located in Walton County, Florida. The hill is 193 feet high. Just outside Eglin Air Force Base, Rock Hill is north of Freeport, Florida; and is south of DeFuniak Springs, Florida, near the intersection of U.S. Route 331 and State Road 20. Its exact location is 30°36'2\"N 86°6'22\"W.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Frattamaggiore", "paragraph_text": "Frattamaggiore (locally also known as Fratta) is a \"comune\" in the Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy. It is located 15 kilometers north of Naples and 15 kilometers southwest of Caserta. It was awarded the title of \"City of art\" in 2008 and named Benedictine city in 1997.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Florida Space Institute", "paragraph_text": "The Florida Space Institute (FSI) is a research institute of the State University System of Florida and the University of Central Florida located in Orlando, Florida, United States. The director of the institute is Ramon Lugo III, who previously served as the director of NASA's Glenn Research Center.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Naples, Florida", "paragraph_text": "With more than 80 championship golf courses in the Naples area, Naples is the self - titled ``Golf Capital of the World '', claiming to have more holes per capita than any other community.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "East Naples, Florida", "paragraph_text": "East Naples is an unincorporated community in Collier County, Florida, United States. East Naples has been the county seat since 1962, when the Collier County Courthouse was moved from Everglades (see Old Collier County Courthouse).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Naples, Florida", "paragraph_text": "Naples is a city in Collier County, Florida, United States. As of 2015, the city's population was about 20,600. Naples is a principal city of the Naples - Marco Island, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had a population of about 322,000 as of 2015. Naples is one of the wealthiest cities in the United States, with the sixth highest per capita income in the country, and the second highest proportion of millionaires per capita in the US. Real estate is among the most expensive in the country, with houses for sale in excess of $40 million.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Florida", "paragraph_text": "Florida i/ˈflɒrɪdə/ (Spanish for \"flowery land\") is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States. The state is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the north by Alabama and Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida and the sovereign state of Cuba. Florida is the 22nd most extensive, the 3rd most populous, and the 8th most densely populated of the United States. Jacksonville is the most populous city in Florida, and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States. The Miami metropolitan area is the eighth-largest metropolitan area in the United States. Tallahassee is the state capital.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Yellow River Marsh Preserve State Park", "paragraph_text": "Yellow River Marsh Preserve State Park is a Florida State Park located on Garcon Point, south of Milton, in northwestern Florida. A small parking area, gazebo, and public access point are located on Dickerson City Road. Located on County Road 191, approximately one mile north of the intersection with County Road 281 and along both sides of the highway on Blackwater Bay.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Ochopee, Florida", "paragraph_text": "Ochopee is an unincorporated community in Collier County, Florida, United States. It is located to the east of the intersection of US 41 and State Road 29, near Carnestown. The community is part of the Naples–Marco Island Metropolitan Statistical Area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Kingdom of the Two Sicilies", "paragraph_text": "The Kingdom of the Two Sicilies lasted from 1815 until 1860, when it was annexed by the Savoyard Kingdom of Sardinia to form the Kingdom of Italy in 1861. The capitals of the Two Sicilies were in Naples and in Palermo. Jordan Lancaster notes that the integration of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies into the Kingdom of Italy changed the status of Naples forever: \"Abject poverty meant that, throughout Naples and Southern Italy, thousands decided to leave in search of a better future.\" Many went to the new world. The kingdom was heavily agricultural, like the other Italian states; the church owned 50–65% of the land by 1750.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Sugarloaf Shores, Florida", "paragraph_text": "Sugarloaf Shores is an unincorporated community in Monroe County, Florida, United States, located in the lower Florida Keys on Lower Sugarloaf Key near mile marker 17 on US 1 (the Overseas Highway).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Marathon Shores", "paragraph_text": "Marathon Shores is a neighborhood within the city of Marathon in Monroe County, Florida, United States. It is located in the middle Florida Keys on the island of Key Vaca.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Taylor County, Florida", "paragraph_text": "Taylor County is a county located in the state of Florida. As of the 2010 census, the population was 22,570. Its county seat is Perry. The county hosts the annual Florida Forest Festival and has been long known as the \"Tree Capital of the South\" since a 1965 designation from then-Governor W. Haydon Burns.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Matecumbe", "paragraph_text": "Matecumbe is a neighborhood within the village of Islamorada in Monroe County, Florida, United States. It is located in the upper Florida Keys on the island of Upper Matecumbe Key.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Ottaviano", "paragraph_text": "Ottaviano () is a \"comune\" (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Naples in the Italian region Campania, located about east of Naples and is located in the Vesuvian Area. Ottaviano was in Roman times a hamlet of houses within a vast estate (praedium Octaviorum) belonging to the gens Octavia, Augustus's family.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Naples (CDP), Maine", "paragraph_text": "Naples is a census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Naples in Cumberland County, Maine, United States. The population of the CDP was 428 at the 2010 census.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Ave Maria, Florida", "paragraph_text": "Ave Maria, Florida, United States, is a planned college town currently under development in Collier County, near Immokalee and Naples.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "San Sebastiano al Vesuvio", "paragraph_text": "San Sebastiano al Vesuvio () is a \"comune\" in the Metropolitan City of Naples, located on the western slopes of Mount Vesuvius. Its elevation means that it is often a few degrees cooler than the neighbouring metropolis of Naples.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "WSGL", "paragraph_text": "WSGL is a commercial radio station located in Naples, Florida, broadcasting on 104.7 FM. WSGL airs a hot adult contemporary music format branded as \"Mix 104.7\". Mix 104.7 currently airs a mix of pop rock from 90's 2000's and today's current hits. Although the station's format is Hot AC, WSGL reports to Mediabase as a mainstream Adult Contemporary station.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Clarksville, Florida", "paragraph_text": "Clarksville is an unincorporated community in Calhoun County, Florida, United States. The community is located at the intersection of Florida State Road 20 and Florida State Road 73 west of Blountstown. Clarksville has a post office with ZIP code 32430.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 44361, "question": "where is naples florida located in the state", "answer": "Collier County", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 }, { "id": 336593, "question": "#1 >> capital", "answer": "East Naples", "paragraph_support_idx": 4 } ]

[ "East Naples, Florida" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "ASCII developed from telegraphic codes. Its first commercial use was as a seven-bit teleprinter code promoted by Bell data services. Work on the ASCII standard began on October 6, 1960, with the first meeting of the American Standards Association's (ASA) X3.2 subcommittee. The first edition of the standard was published during 1963, underwent a major revision during 1967, and experienced its most recent update during 1986. Compared to earlier telegraph codes, the proposed Bell code and ASCII were both ordered for more convenient sorting (i.e., alphabetization) of lists, and added features for devices other than teleprinters.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Latin-1 Supplement (Unicode block)", "paragraph_text": "The Latin-1 Supplement (also called C1 Controls and Latin-1 Supplement) is the second Unicode block in the Unicode standard. It encodes the upper range of ISO 8859-1: 80 (U+0080) - FF (U+00FF). Controls C1 (0080–009F) are not graphic. This block ranges from U+0080 to U+00FF, contains 128 characters and includes the C1 controls, Latin-1 punctuation and symbols, 30 pairs of majuscule and minuscule accented Latin characters and 2 mathematical operators.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "The Tale of Jemima Puddle-Duck", "paragraph_text": "The Tale of Jemima Puddle - Duck is a children's book written and illustrated by Beatrix Potter. It was first published by Frederick Warne & Co. in July 1908. Potter composed the book at Hill Top, a working farm in the Lake District she bought in 1905. Following the purchase, her works began to focus on country and village life, incorporating large casts of animal characters and sinister villains. Jemima Puddle - Duck was the first of her books set wholly at the farm with background illustrations based on the farm buildings and yard, and nearby locales.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "For example, character 10 represents the \"line feed\" function (which causes a printer to advance its paper), and character 8 represents \"backspace\". RFC 2822 refers to control characters that do not include carriage return, line feed or white space as non-whitespace control characters. Except for the control characters that prescribe elementary line-oriented formatting, ASCII does not define any mechanism for describing the structure or appearance of text within a document. Other schemes, such as markup languages, address page and document layout and formatting.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "From early in its development, ASCII was intended to be just one of several national variants of an international character code standard, ultimately published as ISO/IEC 646 (1972), which would share most characters in common but assign other locally useful characters to several code points reserved for \"national use.\" However, the four years that elapsed between the publication of ASCII-1963 and ISO's first acceptance of an international recommendation during 1967 caused ASCII's choices for the national use characters to seem to be de facto standards for the world, causing confusion and incompatibility once other countries did begin to make their own assignments to these code points.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "The X3.2 subcommittee designed ASCII based on the earlier teleprinter encoding systems. Like other character encodings, ASCII specifies a correspondence between digital bit patterns and character symbols (i.e. graphemes and control characters). This allows digital devices to communicate with each other and to process, store, and communicate character-oriented information such as written language. Before ASCII was developed, the encodings in use included 26 alphabetic characters, 10 numerical digits, and from 11 to 25 special graphic symbols. To include all these, and control characters compatible with the Comité Consultatif International Téléphonique et Télégraphique (CCITT) International Telegraph Alphabet No. 2 (ITA2) standard, Fieldata, and early EBCDIC, more than 64 codes were required for ASCII.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "Originally based on the English alphabet, ASCII encodes 128 specified characters into seven-bit integers as shown by the ASCII chart on the right. The characters encoded are numbers 0 to 9, lowercase letters a to z, uppercase letters A to Z, basic punctuation symbols, control codes that originated with Teletype machines, and a space. For example, lowercase j would become binary 1101010 and decimal 106. ASCII includes definitions for 128 characters: 33 are non-printing control characters (many now obsolete) that affect how text and space are processed and 95 printable characters, including the space (which is considered an invisible graphic:223).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Save the Pearls: Revealing Eden", "paragraph_text": "Save the Pearls: Revealing Eden is a 2012 young adult novel by American author Victoria Foyt and the first book in the Save the Pearls series. The book is set in a post-apocalyptic dystopian society and follows the titular character of Eden as she attempts to move outside of her set station in life and find a way to survive outside the norms set by society.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "MIME defines two different mechanisms for encoding non-ASCII characters in email, depending on whether the characters are in email headers (such as the \"Subject:\"), or in the text body of the message; in both cases, the original character set is identified as well as a transfer encoding. For email transmission of Unicode the UTF-8 character set and the Base64 or the Quoted-printable transfer encoding are recommended, depending on whether much of the message consists of ASCII-characters. The details of the two different mechanisms are specified in the MIME standards and generally are hidden from users of email software.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Baudot code", "paragraph_text": "The Baudot code , invented by Émile Baudot, is a character set predating EBCDIC and ASCII. It was the predecessor to the International Telegraph Alphabet No. 2 (ITA2), the teleprinter code in use until the advent of ASCII. Each character in the alphabet is represented by a series of five bits, sent over a communication channel such as a telegraph wire or a radio signal. The symbol rate measurement is known as baud, and is derived from the same name.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "ASCII (i/ˈæski/ ASS-kee), abbreviated from American Standard Code for Information Interchange, is a character-encoding scheme (the IANA prefers the name US-ASCII). ASCII codes represent text in computers, communications equipment, and other devices that use text. Most modern character-encoding schemes are based on ASCII, though they support many additional characters. ASCII was the most common character encoding on the World Wide Web until December 2007, when it was surpassed by UTF-8, which is fully backward compatibe to ASCII.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "Unicode can be implemented by different character encodings. The most commonly used encodings are UTF-8, UTF-16 and the now-obsolete UCS-2. UTF-8 uses one byte for any ASCII character, all of which have the same code values in both UTF-8 and ASCII encoding, and up to four bytes for other characters. UCS-2 uses a 16-bit code unit (two 8-bit bytes) for each character but cannot encode every character in the current Unicode standard. UTF-16 extends UCS-2, using one 16-bit unit for the characters that were representable in UCS-2 and two 16-bit units (4 × 8 bits) to handle each of the additional characters.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Fooblitzky", "paragraph_text": "Fooblitzky is a board game-style computer game published by Infocom in 1985 and designed by a team including interactive fiction authors Marc Blank and Michael Berlyn. It is unique among Infocom titles for not being interactive fiction and for being the first to incorporate graphics beyond ASCII characters. Like most Infocom titles, it was written in highly portable ZIL, but was only made available for the Apple II, IBM PC, and the Atari 8-bit family. It was not ported to the most popular home computer of the time, the Commodore 64.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "ASCII was incorporated into the Unicode character set as the first 128 symbols, so the 7-bit ASCII characters have the same numeric codes in both sets. This allows UTF-8 to be backward compatible with 7-bit ASCII, as a UTF-8 file containing only ASCII characters is identical to an ASCII file containing the same sequence of characters. Even more importantly, forward compatibility is ensured as software that recognizes only 7-bit ASCII characters as special and does not alter bytes with the highest bit set (as is often done to support 8-bit ASCII extensions such as ISO-8859-1) will preserve UTF-8 data unchanged.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 14, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "Originally based on the English alphabet, ASCII encodes 128 specified characters into seven - bit integers as shown by the ASCII chart above. Ninety - five of the encoded characters are printable: these include the digits 0 to 9, lowercase letters a to z, uppercase letters A to Z, and punctuation symbols. In addition, the original ASCII specification included 33 non-printing control codes which originated with Teletype machines; most of these are now obsolete.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "ASCII (squat)", "paragraph_text": "The Amsterdam Subversive Center for Information Interchange (ASCII) was a squatted communication laboratory in the Dutch city of Amsterdam. The first incarnation was formed in 1999 and based at the Herengracht. The lab then moved to the following locations: Jodenbreestraat, Kinkerstraat, Kostverlorenkade, Wibautstraat and Javastraat.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "ASCII itself was first used commercially during 1963 as a seven-bit teleprinter code for American Telephone & Telegraph's TWX (TeletypeWriter eXchange) network. TWX originally used the earlier five-bit ITA2, which was also used by the competing Telex teleprinter system. Bob Bemer introduced features such as the escape sequence. His British colleague Hugh McGregor Ross helped to popularize this work – according to Bemer, \"so much so that the code that was to become ASCII was first called the Bemer-Ross Code in Europe\". Because of his extensive work on ASCII, Bemer has been called \"the father of ASCII.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "Thousands of fonts exist on the market, but fewer than a dozen fonts—sometimes described as \"pan-Unicode\" fonts—attempt to support the majority of Unicode's character repertoire. Instead, Unicode-based fonts typically focus on supporting only basic ASCII and particular scripts or sets of characters or symbols. Several reasons justify this approach: applications and documents rarely need to render characters from more than one or two writing systems; fonts tend to demand resources in computing environments; and operating systems and applications show increasing intelligence in regard to obtaining glyph information from separate font files as needed, i.e., font substitution. Furthermore, designing a consistent set of rendering instructions for tens of thousands of glyphs constitutes a monumental task; such a venture passes the point of diminishing returns for most typefaces.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "Other international standards bodies have ratified character encodings such as ISO/IEC 646 that are identical or nearly identical to ASCII, with extensions for characters outside the English alphabet and symbols used outside the United States, such as the symbol for the United Kingdom's pound sterling (£). Almost every country needed an adapted version of ASCII, since ASCII suited the needs of only the USA and a few other countries. For example, Canada had its own version that supported French characters. Other adapted encodings include ISCII (India), VISCII (Vietnam), and YUSCII (Yugoslavia). Although these encodings are sometimes referred to as ASCII, true ASCII is defined strictly only by the ANSI standard.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "With the other special characters and control codes filled in, ASCII was published as ASA X3.4-1963, leaving 28 code positions without any assigned meaning, reserved for future standardization, and one unassigned control code.:66, 245 There was some debate at the time whether there should be more control characters rather than the lowercase alphabet.:435 The indecision did not last long: during May 1963 the CCITT Working Party on the New Telegraph Alphabet proposed to assign lowercase characters to columns 6 and 7, and International Organization for Standardization TC 97 SC 2 voted during October to incorporate the change into its draft standard. The X3.2.4 task group voted its approval for the change to ASCII at its May 1963 meeting. Locating the lowercase letters in columns 6 and 7 caused the characters to differ in bit pattern from the upper case by a single bit, which simplified case-insensitive character matching and the construction of keyboards and printers.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 13398, "question": "ASCII was incorporated into what other character set?", "answer": "Unicode", "paragraph_support_idx": 13 }, { "id": 864388, "question": "#1 >> follows", "answer": "ISO 8859-1", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 } ]

[ "ISO-8859-1", "Latin-1" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Sunshine, Lollipops and Rainbows", "paragraph_text": "\"Sunshine, Lollipops and Rainbows\" is a popular song sung by Lesley Gore. It was originally released on Gore's 1963 album \"Lesley Gore Sings of Mixed-Up Hearts\". The song, composed by Marvin Hamlisch, was released as a single in conjunction with Gore's rendition in the 1965 film \"Ski Party\". It was arranged by Claus Ogerman and produced by Quincy Jones. The tune peaked at #13 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Cockleshell Bay", "paragraph_text": "Cockleshell Bay is a children's television series which was shown at lunchtime on ITV during the early 1980s. It was made by Cosgrove Hall for their parent company, the ITV broadcaster Thames Television. Other children's programmes in the same ITV time slot on the remaining four weekdays included \"Let's Pretend\", \"Jamie and the Magic Torch\", and \"Rainbow\" – the latter in which \"Cockleshell Bay\" began as a regular story feature (reflected in the rainbow design of \"Cockleshell Bay\"s logo).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Twizzlers", "paragraph_text": "While the original flavor introduced in 1845 was licorice, in the late 1970s the company began to expand its flavors to include strawberry, grape, chocolate, cherry, and watermelon flavors, and a variety of shapes and sizes. In addition to their Twists, Bites, and Nibs of various sizes, Y&S introduced Pull 'n' Peel in 1994. Twerpz and Strawz came along in 2004. Limited edition cherry cola and ``rainbow ''(fruit variety consisting of strawberry, orange, lemonade, watermelon, blue raspberry and grape) flavors were introduced in 2006. Today all these flavors of`` rainbow'' Twizzlers are still sold in stores and movie theaters. The company also manufactures a special 2 - foot - long (61 cm) variety; the regular length of Twizzlers is 8 inches (20 cm).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Hainaut-Sambre", "paragraph_text": "Hainaut-Sambre was a Belgian group of steel companies based in the Charleroi region, it was founded in 1955 by the merger of Usine Métallurgiques du Hainaut (based in Couillet, Charleroi), and the metal making division of \"Sambre et Moselle\" (based in Montignies-sur-Sambre, Charleroi).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "De Agostini", "paragraph_text": "De Agostini S.p.A. is an Italian holding company that coordinates the strategic operating companies - De Agostini Editore, De Agostini Communications, IGT and DeA Capital - and makes financial investments, among which the main investment is a minority stake in Assicurazioni Generali. It was founded in 1901 by the geographer Giovanni De Agostini in Rome, Italy, and later moved to Novara, Italy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six", "paragraph_text": "Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six is a media franchise created by American author Tom Clancy about a fictional international counter-terrorist unit called ``Rainbow ''. The franchise began with Clancy's novel Rainbow Six, which was adapted into a series of tactical first - person shooter video games.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Ross Video", "paragraph_text": "Ross Video Ltd is a privately held Canadian company that designs and manufactures equipment for live event and video production. The company's signature product line is production switchers, or vision mixers, which were the basis for the founding of the company. The company's products are used daily in over 100 countries by broadcast television networks, cable TV networks, sports stadiums, live production companies, government agencies and houses of worship. Ross Video's headquarters and manufacturing operations are located in Iroquois, Ontario, Canada, while their R&D labs are in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Sara Blakely", "paragraph_text": "Sara Treleaven Blakely (born February 27, 1971) is an American billionaire businesswoman, and founder of Spanx, an American intimate apparel company with pants and leggings, founded in Atlanta, Georgia. In 2012, Blakely was named in \"Time\" magazine's \"Time 100\" annual list of the 100 most influential people in the world. As of 2014, she is listed as the 93rd most powerful woman in the world by \"Forbes\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Life at the End of the Rainbow", "paragraph_text": "Life at the End of the Rainbow is a 2002 documentary by Australian filmmaker Wayne Coles-Janess about the small farming community of Rainbow, population 500, which lies on the edge of the Big Desert, North Western Victoria, Australia. It is 55 minutes long.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Pop'n TwinBee: Rainbow Bell Adventures", "paragraph_text": "Pop'n TwinBee: Rainbow Bell Adventures is a video game published and developed by Konami, released for the Super Famicom/Super NES. Released first in Japan, it later appeared in Europe. \"Rainbow Bell Adventures\" is a side-scrolling platform game, the first departure in a series of mostly vertically scrolling shooter games.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Day of the Fight", "paragraph_text": "Although the original planned buyer of the picture went out of business, Kubrick was able to sell \"Day of the Fight\" to RKO Pictures for $4,000, making a small benefit of $100 above the $3,900 cost of making the film.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Labrisz Lesbian Association", "paragraph_text": "Labrisz Lesbian Association was founded in 1999 in Budapest, Hungary. Its purpose is making the lives and issues of lesbian, bisexual and transgender women more visible, along with seeking to aid these women with various cultural programs and discussion groups. Labrisz Lesbian Association is also one of the co-founders of the Rainbow Mission Foundation - the Foundation mainly responsible for organizing the Budapest gay Pride festival each year.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "The Ultimate Entrepreneur", "paragraph_text": "The biographical book, The ultimate entrepreneur: the story of Ken Olsen and Digital Equipment Corporation, chronicles the experiences of Ken Olsen racing to design minicomputers at the company of his own founding, Digital Equipment Corporation. At the time the book was published by two computer journal writers, Ken Olsen was competing with other Massachusetts computing companies such as Data General (founded by his former employee), Prime Computer, Wang Laboratories, Symbolics, Lotus Development Corporation, and Apollo Computer. While believing in the value of software, he did not believe in the value of software separate from hardware, and missed the opportunity to fund Lotus 1-2-3 or Visicalc. He also missed the importance of the personal computer, but his futuristic vision of the Client–server model helped to launch Ethernet.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Winx Club", "paragraph_text": "On 8 October 2006, a \"Winx Club\" feature film was announced on Rainbow's website. \"The Secret of the Lost Kingdom\" was released theatrically in Italy on 30 November 2007. Its television premiere was on 11 March 2012 on Nickelodeon in the United States. The plot takes place after the events of the first three seasons, following Bloom as she searches for her birth parents and fights the Ancestral Witches who destroyed her home planet. Iginio Straffi had planned a feature-length story since the beginning of the series' development, and the film eventually entered production after Straffi founded Rainbow CGI in Rome.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "British colonization of the Americas", "paragraph_text": "In 1607, Jamestown, Virginia was founded by the London Company (also known as the Virginia Company). In Newfoundland, a chartered company known as the Society of Merchant Venturers established a permanent settlement at Cuper's Cove, from 1610. St. George's, Bermuda was founded by the Virginia Company, in 1612.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Rainbow 100", "paragraph_text": "The Rainbow 100 was a microcomputer introduced by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) in 1982. This desktop unit had a monitor similar to the VT220 in a dual-CPU box with both Zilog Z80 and Intel 8088 CPUs.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Rexair", "paragraph_text": "A newly designed Rexair Cleaner was released in 1955 with a motor allegedly twice as powerful as its predecessor. Rexair executives rechristened it the ``Rainbow ''with one ad reading,`` Now your home can be fresh as a rainbow''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "John Henry Comstock", "paragraph_text": "In 1893, John Henry Comstock and Simon Henry Gage founded the Comstock Publishing Company in order to make textbooks on microscopy, histology, and entomology available at a reasonable price to students and to publish the works of Anna Botsford Comstock on nature study.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Net realizable value", "paragraph_text": "Under IFRS, companies need to record the cost of their Ending Inventory at the lower of cost and NRV, to ensure that their inventory and income statement are not overstated (under ASPE, companies record the lower of cost and market value). For example, under IFRS, at a company's year end, if an unfinished good that already cost $25 is expected to sell for $100 to a customer, but it will take an additional $20 to complete and $10 to advertise to the customer, its NRV will be $100 - $20 - $10 = $70. In this year's income statement, since the cost of the good ($25) is less than its NRV ($70), the cost of the good will get recorded as the cost of inventory. In next year's income statement after the good was sold, this company will record a revenue of $100, Cost of Goods Sold of $25, and Cost of Completion and Disposal of $20 + $10 = $30. This leads to a profit of $100 - $25 - $30 = $45 on this transaction.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Cerulean Lake", "paragraph_text": "Cerulean Lake is located in Glacier National Park, in the U. S. state of Montana. Cerulean Lake is in a cirque surrounded by high peaks including Rainbow Peak to the west, which rises more than above the lake. Melt from Rainbow Glacier to the west enters Cerulean lake via Rainbow Creek and other sources.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 132594, "question": "What company makes Rainbow 100?", "answer": "Digital Equipment Corporation", "paragraph_support_idx": 15 }, { "id": 855283, "question": "#1 >> founded by", "answer": "Ken Olsen", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Bonfire toffee", "paragraph_text": "Bonfire toffee (also known as treacle toffee, Plot toffee, or Tom Trot) is a hard, brittle toffee associated with Halloween and Guy Fawkes Night (also known as \"Bonfire Night\") in the United Kingdom. The toffee tastes very strongly of molasses (black treacle), and cheap versions can be quite bitter. In Scotland, the treat is known as claggum, with less sweet versions known as clack. In Wales, it is known as loshin du. (losin du or taffi triog). The flavour is similar to that of butterscotch, although it is a toffee and never a viscous liquid.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "A Question of Taste", "paragraph_text": "A Question of Taste (, also known as \"A Matter of Taste\" in the United States) is a 2000 French film directed by Bernard Rapp. Rapp and Gilles Taurand wrote the screenplay which was based on the book \"Affaires de goût\" by Philippe Balland. The film received 5 César Award nominations, including the nomination for Best Film.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Nita Engle", "paragraph_text": "Nita Engle (born 1926, Michigan) is an American watercolor painter. She has worked as an art director and magazine illustrator and exhibited in and out of the United States. Engle has received several awards, including an honorary doctorate from Northern Michigan University. A documentary has been made about her entitled \"Wilderness Palette - Nita Engle in Michigan\" and she wrote the book \"How to Make a Watercolor Paint Itself: Experimental Techniques for Achieving Realistic Effects\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "PEN/Faulkner Award for Fiction", "paragraph_text": "The PEN/Faulkner Award for Fiction is awarded annually by the PEN/Faulkner Foundation to the authors of the year's best works of fiction by living American citizens. The winner receives US $15,000 and each of four runners-up receives US $5000. Finalists read from their works at the presentation ceremony in the Great Hall of the Folger Shakespeare Library in Washington, D.C.. The organization claims it to be \"the largest peer-juried award in the country.\" The award was first given in 1981.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Daniel Brocklebank", "paragraph_text": "Daniel Brocklebank (born 21 December 1979) is an English actor. He is currently best known for playing Billy Mayhew in \"Coronation Street\". He received a Screen Actors Guild Award for his performance in the multi-award-winning movie \"Shakespeare in Love\". He also received the Best Actor Award at LesGaiCineMad International Film Festival for his role in \"Release\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "List of awards and nominations received by Foo Fighters", "paragraph_text": "This is a comprehensive list of major music awards and nominations received by Foo Fighters, an American alternative rock band. Foo Fighters were formed in 1994 by lead singer Dave Grohl. Foo Fighters has received twenty-six awards from ninety-seven nominations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "More Demi Moore", "paragraph_text": "More Demi Moore or the August 1991 \"Vanity Fair\" cover was a controversial handbra nude photograph of the then seven-months pregnant Demi Moore taken by Annie Leibovitz for the August 1991 cover of \"Vanity Fair\" to accompany a cover story about Moore.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Suzanne Legrand", "paragraph_text": "Suzanne Legrand is a French actress, musical theater performer and writer. Her career started on French TV with the series by in which she played the part of the youngest daughter. Since then she has played in many television series, movies, theater plays and musicals, in France and in the US. She has received several awards in international film festivals for her performance in La pisseuse (\"Desperate\") which she also wrote and directed with Frederic Benzaquen.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Gilbert Seldes", "paragraph_text": "Gilbert Vivian Seldes (; January 3, 1893 – September 29, 1970) was an American writer and cultural critic. Seldes served as the editor and drama critic of the seminal modernist magazine \"The Dial\" and hosted the NBC television program \"The Subject is Jazz\" (1958). He also wrote for other magazines and newspapers like \"Vanity Fair\" and the \"Saturday Evening Post\". He was most interested in American popular culture and cultural history. He wrote and adapted for Broadway, including \"Lysistrata\" and \"A Midsummer Night's Dream\" in the 1930s. Later, he made films, wrote radio scripts and became the first director of television for CBS News and the founding dean of the Annenberg School for Communication at the University of Pennsylvania.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Maharaj Krishan Kaushik", "paragraph_text": "Maharaj Krishan Kaushik (born May 2, 1955) is a former member of the India national field hockey team and former coach of the Indian women's national field hockey team. He was a member of the team when it won the gold medal at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow.In 1998, he received the Arjuna Award. He also wrote the book \"The Golden Boot.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Mark Seal", "paragraph_text": "Mark Seal is an American journalist and author. Seal worked as a journalist in Texas before becoming a freelance magazine writer in 1984, a contributing editor at \"Vanity Fair\" since 2003, and has written and co-written about 15 books.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Fiction-absolute", "paragraph_text": "The term was coined and defined by journalist Tom Wolfe in his 2006 Jefferson Lecture for the National Endowment for the Humanities. Wolfe defined the term as the propaganda that a tribe or social group employs to explain why that group is the best of all groups and its people the best people. The term itself indicates that it is absolutist in that it defines in stark terms why members should prefer that tribe, and necessarily fictional because it is propaganda, although it might have some basis in truth. The fiction-absolute is essentially a tribe's core propaganda. It can lead to intolerance and forms of collective action.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "IIFA Award for Best Choreography", "paragraph_text": "The IIFA Award for Best Choreography is a technical award chosen ahead of the main International Indian Film Academy Awards ceremonies. Saroj Khan received the first choreography award in 2000.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "The Bronx", "paragraph_text": "By contrast, Tom Wolfe's Bonfire of the Vanities (1987) portrays a wealthy, white protagonist, Sherman McCoy, getting lost off the Major Deegan Expressway in the South Bronx and having an altercation with locals. A substantial piece of the last part of the book is set in the resulting riotous trial at the Bronx County Courthouse. However, times change, and in 2007, the New York Times reported that \"the Bronx neighborhoods near the site of Sherman's accident are now dotted with townhouses and apartments.\" In the same article, the Reverend Al Sharpton (whose fictional analogue in the novel is \"Reverend Bacon\") asserts that \"twenty years later, the cynicism of The Bonfire of the Vanities is as out of style as Tom Wolfe's wardrobe.\"", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 14, "title": "List of people who have won Academy, Emmy, Grammy, and Tony Awards", "paragraph_text": "Whoopi Goldberg (born 1955), an actress, comedian and talk - show host, received her fourth distinct award in 2002. Between 1985 and 2009, Goldberg received a total of 6 awards. Goldberg is the first African American winner, the first to win the Oscar as their second award, and the first to win two of their awards in the same year (she won both her first Daytime Emmy and her Tony in 2002).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Grasshoppers (Cavallette)", "paragraph_text": "Grasshoppers (Cavallette) is an Italian animated short by Bruno Bozzetto which condenses the whole of human civilization into 9 minutes, focusing primarily on the human race's predilection for warfare and the vanity of war. It was an nominated for an Academy Award for Best Animated Short in 1990.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Academy Award for Best Director", "paragraph_text": "Throughout the history of the Academy Awards, there have been directors that have received multiple Academy Awards for Best Directing. As of 2015 (88th Academy Awards), 20 directors have received two or more Academy Awards for Best Directing. Three of these directors have received more than two Academy Awards for Best Directing: John Ford (four Best Directing awards), Frank Capra (three Best Directing awards), and William Wyler (three Best Directing awards).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Vanity Lair", "paragraph_text": "Vanity Lair is a reality television programme on Channel 4 in the United Kingdom. The series began on 3 February 2008 and is presented by Alexa Chung.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Jean-Philippe Salabreuil", "paragraph_text": "Jean-Philippe Salabreuil (25 May 1940 in Neuilly-sur-Seine – 27 February 1970 in Paris), real name Jean-Pierre Steinbach, was a French poet. His first book, \"La Liberté des feuilles\", received awards in the name of Félix Fénéon and Max Jacob. He often wrote poems in prose. He died at the age of 29; it is possible that he committed suicide.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "The Sweetness at the Bottom of the Pie", "paragraph_text": "The Sweetness at the Bottom of the Pie is a mystery by Alan Bradley published in 2009. Set in the English countryside in 1950, it features Flavia de Luce, an 11-year-old amateur sleuth who pulls herself away from her beloved chemistry lab in order to clear her father in a murder investigation. Bradley, a first-time novelist, wrote the book after winning the 2007 Debut Dagger Award and selling the publishing rights in three countries, based on the first chapter and a synopsis. Well received by critics as an old-fashioned mystery featuring an unforgettable protagonist, the novel has won multiple awards and is the first in a proposed 10-book series.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 38555, "question": "Who wrote 'Bonfire of the Vanities'?", "answer": "Tom Wolfe", "paragraph_support_idx": 13 }, { "id": 442521, "question": "#1 >> award received", "answer": "Jefferson Lecture", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "East Naples, Florida", "paragraph_text": "East Naples is an unincorporated community in Collier County, Florida, United States. East Naples has been the county seat since 1962, when the Collier County Courthouse was moved from Everglades (see Old Collier County Courthouse).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Franklintown, Florida", "paragraph_text": "Franklintown is an unincorporated community in Nassau County, Florida, United States. It is located in the southern half of Amelia Island, on A1A near the Amelia River.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "San Marcos, Guatemala", "paragraph_text": "San Marcos (elevation: 7,868 feet (2,398 meters) is a city and municipality in Guatemala. It is the capital of the department of San Marcos.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "St. Petersburg, Florida", "paragraph_text": "St. Petersburg is a city in Pinellas County, Florida, United States. As of the 2015 census estimate, the population was 257,083, making it the fifth-most populous city in Florida and the largest in the state that is not a county seat (the city of Clearwater is the seat of Pinellas County).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "House of Refuge at Gilbert's Bar", "paragraph_text": "The House of Refuge at Gilbert's Bar, also known as Gilbert's Bar House of Refuge, the House of Refuge Museum, or simply the House of Refuge, is an historic building located at 301 S.E. MacArthur Boulevard, on Hutchinson Island east of Stuart, Florida. It is the oldest surviving building in Martin County.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Holmes Beach, Florida", "paragraph_text": "Holmes Beach is a city on Anna Maria Island in Manatee County, Florida, United States. It is part of the Bradenton–Sarasota–Venice Metropolitan Statistical Area. The city occupies the central part of Anna Maria Island and is one of three municipalities on the island. The others are Bradenton Beach in the south and Anna Maria in the north.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza", "paragraph_text": "Rodolfo Marcos Teófilo is one of the neighborhoods of Fortaleza, the capital of the state of Ceará in northeastern Brazil. Rodolfo Teófilo is home to the Universidade Federal do Ceará's (UFC) school of medicine and hospital.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "List of Florida hurricanes (2000–present)", "paragraph_text": "June 21 -- 22 - Tropical Storm Cindy brought floods in Florida Panhandle and a EF0 tornado was reported in Fort Walton Beach July 31 - Tropical Storm Emily made landfall in Florida with winds of 45 mph (75 km / h). Emily also brought heavy rain to the state September 10 -- 11 - Hurricane Irma makes landfall on Cudjoe Key as a Category 4 hurricane with sustained winds of 130 mph (215 km / h), then makes a second landfall on Marco Island with winds of 115 mph (185 km / h). It is the strongest hurricane in terms of windspeed to hit the state since Charley in 2004, and the most intense in terms of pressure since Andrew in 1992. Irma has killed at least 82 people in the state. October 29 -- Tropical Storm Philippe makes landfall in the Everglades, causing minimal damage. Moderate rainfall was reported.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Indianola, Florida", "paragraph_text": "Indianola is a historic unincorporated community on Merritt Island in Brevard County, Florida, United States. It is centered on Indianola Drive, which is about half a mile south of where State Road 528, the Bennett Causeway across the Indian River, enters Merritt Island. It extends north of 528 a short distance to include the \"Indianola Cemetery near the Barge Canal, and east to State Road 3", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Saint Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands", "paragraph_text": "Saint Thomas (Danish: Sankt Thomas) is one of the Virgin Islands in the Caribbean Sea and, together with Saint John, Water Island and Saint Croix, a former Danish colony, form a county and constituent district of the United States Virgin Islands (USVI), an unincorporated territory of the United States. Located on the island is the territorial capital and port of Charlotte Amalie. As of the 2010 census, the population of Saint Thomas was 51,634 about 48.5% of the US Virgin Islands total. The district has a land area of 32 square miles (83 km).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Perdido Bay", "paragraph_text": "Perdido Bay is a bay at the mouth of and draining the Perdido River, a designated Outstanding Florida Waters river, in Baldwin County, Alabama and Escambia County, Florida, United States. It is essentially a coastal lagoon enclosed by barrier islands, with an inlet, Perdido Pass.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Yuan dynasty", "paragraph_text": "The first recorded travels by Europeans to China and back date from this time. The most famous traveler of the period was the Venetian Marco Polo, whose account of his trip to \"Cambaluc,\" the capital of the Great Khan, and of life there astounded the people of Europe. The account of his travels, Il milione (or, The Million, known in English as the Travels of Marco Polo), appeared about the year 1299. Some argue over the accuracy of Marco Polo's accounts due to the lack of mentioning the Great Wall of China, tea houses, which would have been a prominent sight since Europeans had yet to adopt a tea culture, as well the practice of foot binding by the women in capital of the Great Khan. Some suggest that Marco Polo acquired much of his knowledge through contact with Persian traders since many of the places he named were in Persian.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "San Marcos, Carazo", "paragraph_text": "San Marcos is a municipality in the Carazo Department of Nicaragua. It is located at south from the capital, Managua, and has a population of around 30,600 inhabitants.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Cape Canaveral", "paragraph_text": "Cape Canaveral, from the Spanish Cabo Cañaveral, is a cape in Brevard County, Florida, United States, near the center of the state's Atlantic coast. Known as Cape Kennedy from 1963 to 1973, it lies east of Merritt Island, separated from it by the Banana River. It was discovered by the Spanish conquistador Juan Ponce de León in 1513.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Ochopee, Florida", "paragraph_text": "Ochopee is an unincorporated community in Collier County, Florida, United States. It is located to the east of the intersection of US 41 and State Road 29, near Carnestown. The community is part of the Naples–Marco Island Metropolitan Statistical Area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Fleming Island, Florida", "paragraph_text": "Fleming Island is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Clay County, Florida, United States. It is located southwest of downtown Jacksonville, on the western side of the St. Johns River, off US 17. As of the 2010 census the Fleming Island CDP had a population of 27,126. Fleming Island's ZIP code became 32003 in 2004, giving it a different code from Orange Park, the incorporated town to the north.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Marathon Shores", "paragraph_text": "Marathon Shores is a neighborhood within the city of Marathon in Monroe County, Florida, United States. It is located in the middle Florida Keys on the island of Key Vaca.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Fort Clinch", "paragraph_text": "Fort Clinch is a 19th-century masonry coastal fortification, built as part of the Third System of seacoast defense conceived by the United States. It is located on a peninsula near the northernmost point of Amelia Island in Nassau County, Florida. The fort lies to the northeast of Fernandina Beach at the entrance to the Cumberland Sound (Florida), in the northeast part of the state. Today it is included within the boundaries of Fort Clinch State Park.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Matecumbe", "paragraph_text": "Matecumbe is a neighborhood within the village of Islamorada in Monroe County, Florida, United States. It is located in the upper Florida Keys on the island of Upper Matecumbe Key.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Marco Island, Florida", "paragraph_text": "Marco Island is a city in Collier County, Florida, United States, located on an island by the same name in the Gulf of Mexico off the coast of Southwest Florida. It is a principal city of the Naples -- Marco Island Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 16,413 at the 2010 census.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 60492, "question": "what county is marco island in in florida", "answer": "Collier County", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 }, { "id": 336593, "question": "#1 >> capital", "answer": "East Naples", "paragraph_support_idx": 0 } ]

[ "East Naples, Florida" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "King George Hall, Colombo", "paragraph_text": "The King George Hall (KGH) of the University of Colombo in Colombo is one of the oldest theatres of Sri Lanka. Built the mid-1920s following the establishment of the University College Colombo it was meant function as a theater, lecture hall and venue for many university functions, a purpose it serves to this day.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Table Mountain (Kings County, California)", "paragraph_text": "Table Mountain is a mountain located in the Diablo Range in California on the boundary between Kings and Monterey counties. It rises to an elevation of and is the highest point in Kings County. A large 500 kV power line, connected to Path 15, runs to the north of the summit. A little snow falls on the mountain during the winter.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Classical music", "paragraph_text": "Certain staples of classical music are often used commercially (either in advertising or in movie soundtracks). In television commercials, several passages have become clichéd, particularly the opening of Richard Strauss' Also sprach Zarathustra (made famous in the film 2001: A Space Odyssey) and the opening section \"O Fortuna\" of Carl Orff's Carmina Burana, often used in the horror genre; other examples include the Dies Irae from the Verdi Requiem, Edvard Grieg's In the Hall of the Mountain King from Peer Gynt, the opening bars of Beethoven's Symphony No. 5, Wagner's Ride of the Valkyries from Die Walküre, Rimsky-Korsakov's Flight of the Bumblebee, and excerpts of Aaron Copland's Rodeo.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Troldhaugen", "paragraph_text": "Troldhaugen is the former home of Norwegian composer Edvard Grieg and his wife Nina Grieg. Troldhaugen is located in Bergen, Norway and consists of the Edvard Grieg Museum, Grieg’s villa, the hut where he composed music, and his and his wife's gravesite.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Jamie and the Magic Torch", "paragraph_text": "Jamie and the Magic Torch is a British children's television series made by Cosgrove Hall for Thames Television and shown on the ITV network, running from 1976 to 1979. It was shown again in the 1980s to a new audience of children. The series was written and narrated by Brian Trueman, who later wrote shows such as \"Danger Mouse\" and \"Count Duckula\" for Cosgrove Hall, and Kate Murray-Henderson (uncredited) as the voice of Jamie's Mother and the character \"Nutmeg\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Maria Pia of Savoy", "paragraph_text": "Dona Maria Pia of Savoy (16 October 1847 – 5 July 1911) was a Portuguese Queen consort, spouse of King Luís I of Portugal. On the day of her baptism, Pope Pius IX, her godfather, gave her a Golden Rose. Maria Pia was married to Luís on the 6 October 1862 in Lisbon. She was the grand mistress of the Order of Saint Isabel.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "The Body Has a Head", "paragraph_text": "The Body Has a Head is an album by King Missile frontman John S. Hall, released exclusively in Germany in 1996. Though billed as a Hall \"solo album,\" the collection features considerable input from multi-instrumentalists Sasha Forte, Bradford Reed, and Jane Scarpantoni, all of whom would become members of the next incarnation of King Missile (\"King Missile III\") and contribute to that group's \"debut\" album, 1998's \"Failure.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Rule of law", "paragraph_text": "In 1776, the notion that no one is above the law was popular during the founding of the United States. For example, Thomas Paine wrote in his pamphlet Common Sense that ``in America, the law is king. For as in absolute governments the King is law, so in free countries the law ought to be king; and there ought to be no other. ''In 1780, John Adams enshrined this principle in the Massachusetts Constitution by seeking to establish`` a government of laws and not of men.''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Wilmar H. Shiras", "paragraph_text": "Wilmar House Shiras (1908–1990) was an American science fiction author, who also wrote under the name Jane Howes. Her most famous story was \"In Hiding\" (1948), a novella included in the anthology, \"The Science Fiction Hall of Fame\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Blanche of Anjou", "paragraph_text": "Blanche of Anjou (1280 – 14 October 1310) was Queen of Aragon as the second spouse of King James II. She was a member of the Capetian House of Anjou, she is also known as \"Blanche of Naples\". She served as Regent or \"Queen-Lieutenant\" of Aragon during the absence of her spouse in 1310.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Both Sides, Now", "paragraph_text": "Mitchell wrote ``Both Sides, Now ''in March 1967, inspired by a passage in Henderson the Rain King, a 1959 novel by Saul Bellow.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Hall Nunatak", "paragraph_text": "Hall Nunatak () is a small nunatak about southeastward of Thomas Nunatak, situated along the ice escarpment at the head of Minnesota Glacier, in the Ellsworth Mountains of Antarctica. It was named by the University of Minnesota Geological Party to these mountains (1963–64) for George S. Hall, a helicopter crew chief with the US Army 62nd Transportation Corps Detachment, who assisted the party.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Norah Michener", "paragraph_text": "Norah Willis Michener (1902 – January 12, 1987) was the wife of Roland Michener, the 20th Governor General of Canada. As the spouse of a Governor General, she held the title of Chatelaine of Rideau Hall.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Valdemar Christian of Schleswig-Holstein", "paragraph_text": "Valdemar Christian of Schleswig-Holstein (1622–February 26, 1656) was the son of king Christian IV of Denmark and his morganatic spouse Kirsten Munk. He had the title Count of Schleswig-Holstein.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Louise of Mecklenburg-Güstrow", "paragraph_text": "Louise of Mecklenburg-Güstrow (28 August 1667 – 15 March 1721) was Queen consort of Denmark and Norway as the first spouse of the King Frederick IV of Denmark. In 1708–09, she was regent during her husband's trip to Italy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Edgehill, King George County, Virginia", "paragraph_text": "Edgehill is an unincorporated community in King George County, Virginia, United States. The main roads in Office Hall are U.S. Route 301 and Virginia State Route 205.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Mons Dilip", "paragraph_text": "Mons Dilip is a mountain (hill) on the Moon, located in King, an impact crater (along with other peaks Mons André, Mons Ardeshir, Mons Dieter), at . The mountain was named \"Dilip\", an Indian male name, in 1976.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Louise of the Netherlands", "paragraph_text": "Louise of the Netherlands (Wilhelmina Frederika Alexandrine Anna Louise; 5 August 1828 – 30 March 1871) was the Queen of Sweden and Norway as spouse of King Charles XV of Sweden and IV of Norway.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Aliya bint Ali", "paragraph_text": "Queen Aliya bint Ali of Hejaz (1911 – 21 December 1950), was an Arabian princess and a queen consort of Iraq. She was the spouse and first cousin of King Ghazi of Iraq and the queen mother of King Faisal II of Iraq. She was the last Queen of Iraq.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Isabel of Coimbra", "paragraph_text": "Infanta Isabel of Coimbra (Isabella of Portugal) (1 March 1432 – 2 December 1455) was a Portuguese infanta and a queen consort of Portugal as the first spouse of King Afonso V of Portugal.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 8479, "question": "Who wrote in the Hall of the Mountain King?", "answer": "Edvard Grieg", "paragraph_support_idx": 2 }, { "id": 809461, "question": "#1 >> spouse", "answer": "Nina Grieg", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Marx generator", "paragraph_text": "A Marx generator is an electrical circuit first described by Erwin Otto Marx in 1924. Its purpose is to generate a high-voltage pulse from a low-voltage DC supply. Marx generators are used in high-energy physics experiments, as well as to simulate the effects of lightning on power-line gear and aviation equipment. A bank of 36 Marx generators is used by Sandia National Laboratories to generate X-rays in their Z Machine.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Brosl Hasslacher", "paragraph_text": "Brosl Hasslacher obtained a bachelor's in physics from Harvard University in 1962. He did his Ph.D. with D.Z. Freeman and C.N. Yang at the State University of New York at Stony Brook. After having several postdoctoral and research positions at Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, Caltech, ENS in Paris, and CERN, he settled for more than twenty years at the Theoretical Division of the Los Alamos National Laboratory. There he was involved in theoretical, experimental, and numerical work in theoretical physics, high-energy physics, nonlinear dynamics, fluid dynamics, nanotechnology, and robotics.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Franco Bassani", "paragraph_text": "Franco Bassani graduated cum laude in physics from the University of Pavia in November 1952. After two years as a researcher at the Italian National Research Council in Milan (with Professors Piero Caldirola and Fausto Fumi), he moved to the United States, where until 1956 he worked with Frederick Seitz at the University of Illinois. On his return to Italy he served as Adjunct Professor at the Department of Physics, University of Palermo (1956–1957) and Pavia (1957–1959). Five years as an Associate Physicist at Argonne National Laboratory in Illinois marked a second American parentheses. Subsequently, he served as Professor of Theoretical Physics of the University of Messina (1964–1966) and Pisa (1966–1969), and professor of Solid State Physics at the University of Rome until 1980. In that period he was Invited Professor at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (1972–1973) and at the University of Illinois, Urbana (1979–1980).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Michale Fee", "paragraph_text": "Michale Fee received a B.E. with honors in Engineering Physics from the School of Engineering at the University of Michigan (1985). He received a Ph.D. in Applied Physics from Stanford University (1992), where he conducted his thesis work in the laboratory of Steven Chu. From September 1992–June 1996 he was a postdoctoral fellow at Bell Laboratories in the Biological Computation Research Department, where he worked in the laboratory of David Kleinfeld on the cortical circuitry in the vibrissa system of the rat underlying the sense of touch.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Ames, Iowa", "paragraph_text": "Ames is a city in central Iowa approximately 30 miles (48 km) north of Des Moines. It is best known as the home of Iowa State University (ISU), with leading Agriculture, Design, Engineering, and Veterinary Medicine colleges. An United States Department of Energy national laboratory, Ames Laboratory, is located on the ISU campus.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "New Delhi has a population of 249,998. Hindi and Punjabi are the most widely spoken languages in New Delhi and the lingua franca of the city. English is primarily used as the formal language by business and government institutes. New Delhi has a literacy rate of 89.38% according to 2011 census, which is highest in Delhi.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Journal of Applied Physics", "paragraph_text": "The Journal of Applied Physics is a peer - reviewed scientific journal with a focus on the physics of modern technology. The journal was originally established in 1931 under the name of Physics, and was published by the American Physical Society for its first 7 volumes. In January 1937, ownership was transferred to the American Institute of Physics ``in line with the efforts of the American Physical Society to enhance the standing of physics as a profession ''. The journal's current editor - in - chief is André Anders (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory). According to the 2015 Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2016 impact factor of 2.068.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Seibert Q. Duntley", "paragraph_text": "He started the Visibility Laboratory at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1939/40. It was the brainchild of Duntley and MIT physics chair Dr. Arthur C. Hardy. It was focused on applying optics to such problems as camouflage, misdirection of aerial bombardment, target location, visibility of submerged objects at sea. In 1952, Roger Revelle and Quimby Duntley agreed that the laboratory would become part of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in San Diego, and the U.S. Navy Bureau of Ships agreed to pay for the move. The work of the laboratory centered on the transmission of visible light through the atmosphere and water and the related problems of image formation and recognition. The nature of much of the research required measurements of the optical properties of the ocean or atmosphere for which no instruments existed. As a result of these requirements, many unique and very specialized instruments were developed by the laboratory, many of which were based on concepts or optical designs devised by Duntley. He earned the academic rank of Professor in 1966 and taught at Scripps Institution of Oceanography and at the Department of Applied Physics and Information Science (APIS) at UCSD until his retirement.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Marcela Carena", "paragraph_text": "Marcela Carena (born March 22, 1962 in Buenos Aires, Argentina) is a theoretical physicist at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory and a professor at the University of Chicago and the Enrico Fermi Institute. She is the Director of International Relations at Fermilab, as well as the head of the Theoretical Physics Department. As of January 1, 2016 she is the Chair Elect of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American Physical Society.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Applied Physics Laboratory Ice Station", "paragraph_text": "The Applied Physics Laboratory Ice Station 2007 (APLIS07) is a U.S.A. and Japanese laboratory dedicated to the study of global climate change, located about 300 km south of the Arctic Circle, Alaska on the West Ridge of the University of Alaska Fairbanks campus.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "National Physical Laboratory of India", "paragraph_text": "The National Physical Laboratory of India, situated in New Delhi, is the measurement standards laboratory of India. It maintains standards of SI units in India and calibrates the national standards of weights and measures.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Kimballton, Virginia", "paragraph_text": "Kimballton is an unincorporated community in Giles County, Virginia, United States. Kimballton is located on Stony Creek, northeast of Pearisburg. Virginia Tech's Kimballton Underground Research Facility, a low-background physics laboratory, is located in a limestone mine in Kimballton.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Melvin Schwartz", "paragraph_text": "In the 1970s he founded and became president of Digital Pathways. In 1972 he published a textbook on classical electrodynamics that has become a standard reference for intermediate and advanced students for its particularly clear exposition of the basic physical principles of the theory. In 1991, he became Associate Director of High Energy and Nuclear Physics at Brookhaven National Laboratory. At the same time, he rejoined the Columbia faculty as Professor of Physics. He became I. I. Rabi Professor of Physics in 1994 and retired as Rabi Professor Emeritus in 2000. He spent his retirement years in Ketchum, Idaho, and died August 28, 2006 at a Twin Falls, Idaho, nursing home after struggling with Parkinson's disease and hepatitis C.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Fiodar Fiodaraŭ", "paragraph_text": "He took an active part in the organization of the Institute of Physics and Mathematics of the Belarus Science Academy, and was the leader of one of the four major laboratories there (the laboratory of theoretical physics) until 1987.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Harry Buck", "paragraph_text": "Harry Crowe Buck (November 25, 1884 -- July 24, 1943) was an American college sports coach and physical education instructor. He founded the YMCA College of Physical Education at Madras in 1920, which played a key role in promoting sports and in establishing the Olympic movement in India. He has been called ``The Father of Physical Education in India ''. He was also one of the founding members of the Olympic movement in India and the Indian Olympic Association, and was manager of the Indian team at the 1924 Olympics.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Model Laboratory School", "paragraph_text": "Model Laboratory School is a semi-private laboratory school located on the campus of Eastern Kentucky University, in Richmond, Kentucky, United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Haryana", "paragraph_text": "Haryana (IPA: (ɦərɪˈjaːɳaː)), (Urdu: ہریانہ ‎), is one of the 29 states in India, situated in North India. It was carved out of the former state of East Punjab on 1 November 1966 on a linguistic basis. It stands 21st in terms of its area, which is spread about 44,212 km (17,070 sq mi). As of 2011 census of India, the state is eighteenth largest by population with 25,353,081 inhabitants. The city of Chandigarh is its capital while the National Capital Region city of Faridabad is the most populous city of the state and the city of Gurugram is financial hub of NCR with major Fortune 500 companies located in it.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Alenush Terian", "paragraph_text": "Teriān graduated in 1947 in the Science Department of University of Tehran. She began her career in the physics laboratory of this university and was elected the chief of laboratory operations in the same year.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat", "paragraph_text": "North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat (formerly Regional Research Laboratory) is a constituent establishment of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), a premier R&D organisation of India, which has a chain of laboratories across the country. This laboratory was established in 1961 under the chemical science group of CSIR and originally its main aim was to develop indigenous technologies by utilising the immense natural resources of northeastern India like Petroleum, Natural Gas, Minerals, Tea, Aromatic and Medicinal plants.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Alfred Mueller", "paragraph_text": "Mueller studied at Iowa State University, receiving a Bachelor's Degree in 1961 and in 1965 completed his PhD at MIT. He then served until 1971 as a post-doc at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Since 1972 he has been at Columbia University. He was also a visiting scientist at the Institute for Advanced Study (1975), at the nuclear research centers in Saclay, the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics at the University of California, Santa Barbara, New York University, and at SLAC.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 45290, "question": "where is the national physical laboratory located in india", "answer": "in New Delhi", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 }, { "id": 11179, "question": "What is the population of #1 ?", "answer": "249,998", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Latin-1 Supplement (Unicode block)", "paragraph_text": "The Latin-1 Supplement (also called C1 Controls and Latin-1 Supplement) is the second Unicode block in the Unicode standard. It encodes the upper range of ISO 8859-1: 80 (U+0080) - FF (U+00FF). Controls C1 (0080–009F) are not graphic. This block ranges from U+0080 to U+00FF, contains 128 characters and includes the C1 controls, Latin-1 punctuation and symbols, 30 pairs of majuscule and minuscule accented Latin characters and 2 mathematical operators.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Alfred North Whitehead", "paragraph_text": "In fact, process theology is difficult to define because process theologians are so diverse and transdisciplinary in their views and interests. John B. Cobb, Jr. is a process theologian who has also written books on biology and economics. Roland Faber and Catherine Keller integrate Whitehead with poststructuralist, postcolonialist, and feminist theory. Charles Birch was both a theologian and a geneticist. Franklin I. Gamwell writes on theology and political theory. In Syntheism - Creating God in The Internet Age, futurologists Alexander Bard and Jan Söderqvist repeatedly credit Whitehead for the process theology they see rising out of the participatory culture expected to dominate the digital era.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Time Ace", "paragraph_text": "Time Ace is an aerial combat game developed for the Nintendo DS by Trainwreck Studios and The Farm 51 and published by Konami. The game was released on June 12, 2007. Time Ace is based on the concept that an eccentric inventor from 1914, Dr. Hugo Clock, has formed a plan to travel forward in time to end World War I, but the evil Dr. Klaus Scythe uses the time machine to further his own plan for world domination. The player's goal is to stop Scythe's scheme.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Wild Things with Dominic Monaghan", "paragraph_text": "Wild Things with Dominic Monaghan is a wildlife documentary series commissioned by Channel 5 and BBC America and presented by actor Dominic Monaghan, who also serves as an executive producer for the show. Each hour-long episode follows Monaghan, an avid outdoorsman, as he travels to a new exotic location in search of \"some of the most dangerous and elusive creatures known to man.\" The show's 8-episode first series premiered in the UK on 9 November 2012 and in the U.S. on 22 January 2013, and was nominated for Best Reality Series at the 3rd Annual Critics' Choice Television Awards. In June 2013, \"Wild Things with Dominic Monaghan\" was renewed for a second series, which premiered in the U.S. on 25 March 2014 on BBC America. After Channel 5 elected not to acquire the second season, BBC Worldwide acquired the international rights to the show. In the US, the third season aired on the Travel Channel instead of BBC America. It originally aired in prime time on Wednesdays, but later moved to Saturday mornings.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Kidnap and Ransom", "paragraph_text": "Kidnap and Ransom is a British television three-part miniseries, originally shown on ITV in January 2011 with a second series following in February 2012. The series follows the work of a British hostage negotiator Dominic King, played by Trevor Eve, who is also executive producer of the series.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Nordwolle", "paragraph_text": "The Nordwolle or more correctly the Nordwolle museum or the \"Nordwestdeutsche Museum für IndustrieKultur\" is situated in and around the engine house of the former \"Norddeutsche Wollkämmerei & Kammgarnspinnerei\" in Delmenhorst. Nordwolle was a dominant company that processed wool and worsted: it closed between 1981 and 1984. The building and the factory housing is listed as a Denkmalschutz", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Equality Act 2010", "paragraph_text": "The Parliamentary process was completed following a debate, shortly after 11pm on 6 April 2010, when amendments by the House of Lords were accepted in full.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Language processing in the brain", "paragraph_text": "Much of the language function is processed in several association areas, and there are two well - identified areas that are considered vital for human communication: Wernicke's area and Broca's area. These areas are usually located in the dominant hemisphere (the left hemisphere in 97% of people) and are considered the most important areas for language processing. This is why language is considered a localized and lateralized function.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "Unicode has become the dominant scheme for internal processing and storage of text. Although a great deal of text is still stored in legacy encodings, Unicode is used almost exclusively for building new information processing systems. Early adopters tended to use UCS-2 (the fixed-width two-byte precursor to UTF-16) and later moved to UTF-16 (the variable-width current standard), as this was the least disruptive way to add support for non-BMP characters. The best known such system is Windows NT (and its descendants, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Vista and Windows 7), which uses UTF-16 as the sole internal character encoding. The Java and .NET bytecode environments, Mac OS X, and KDE also use it for internal representation. Unicode is available on Windows 95 through Microsoft Layer for Unicode, as well as on its descendants, Windows 98 and Windows ME.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Limerick (poetry)", "paragraph_text": "A limerick is a form of verse, often humorous and sometimes obscene, in five - line, predominantly anapestic meter with a strict rhyme scheme of AABBA, in which the first, second and fifth line rhyme, while the third and fourth lines are shorter and share a different rhyme. The following example is a limerick of unknown origin:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Database", "paragraph_text": "The relational model, first proposed in 1970 by Edgar F. Codd, departed from this tradition by insisting that applications should search for data by content, rather than by following links. The relational model employs sets of ledger-style tables, each used for a different type of entity. Only in the mid-1980s did computing hardware become powerful enough to allow the wide deployment of relational systems (DBMSs plus applications). By the early 1990s, however, relational systems dominated in all large-scale data processing applications, and as of 2015[update] they remain dominant : IBM DB2, Oracle, MySQL and Microsoft SQL Server are the top DBMS. The dominant database language, standardised SQL for the relational model, has influenced database languages for other data models.[citation needed]", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Paper", "paragraph_text": "There are three main chemical pulping processes: the sulfite process dates back to the 1840s and it was the dominant method extent before the second world war. The kraft process, invented in the 1870s and first used in the 1890s, is now the most commonly practiced strategy, one of its advantages is the chemical reaction with lignin, that produces heat, which can be used to run a generator. Most pulping operations using the kraft process are net contributors to the electricity grid or use the electricity to run an adjacent paper mill. Another advantage is that this process recovers and reuses all inorganic chemical reagents. Soda pulping is another specialty process used to pulp straws, bagasse and hardwoods with high silicate content.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Spain in the Eurovision Song Contest 1986", "paragraph_text": "For the tenth straight year, Spain's national broadcaster, Televisión Española, selected their entrant and song for the Eurovision Song Contest internally. This internal selection process would apply to each Spanish Eurovision entrant until 1999.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Leblanc process", "paragraph_text": "The Leblanc process was an early industrial process for the production of \"soda ash\" (sodium carbonate) used throughout the 19th century, named after its inventor, Nicolas Leblanc. It involved two stages: production of sodium sulfate from sodium chloride, followed by reaction of the sodium sulfate with coal and calcium carbonate to produce sodium carbonate. The process gradually became obsolete after the development of the Solvay process.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Political party", "paragraph_text": "Political color schemes in the United States diverge from international norms. Since 2000, red has become associated with the right-wing Republican Party and blue with the left-wing Democratic Party. However, unlike political color schemes of other countries, the parties did not choose those colors; they were used in news coverage of 2000 election results and ensuing legal battle and caught on in popular usage. Prior to the 2000 election the media typically alternated which color represented which party each presidential election cycle. The color scheme happened to get inordinate attention that year, so the cycle was stopped lest it cause confusion the following election.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Tibet", "paragraph_text": "Between 1346 and 1354, Tai Situ Changchub Gyaltsen toppled the Sakya and founded the Phagmodrupa Dynasty. The following 80 years saw the founding of the Gelug school (also known as Yellow Hats) by the disciples of Je Tsongkhapa, and the founding of the important Ganden, Drepung and Sera monasteries near Lhasa. However, internal strife within the dynasty and the strong localism of the various fiefs and political-religious factions led to a long series of internal conflicts. The minister family Rinpungpa, based in Tsang (West Central Tibet), dominated politics after 1435. In 1565 they were overthrown by the Tsangpa Dynasty of Shigatse which expanded its power in different directions of Tibet in the following decades and favoured the Karma Kagyu sect.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Sanskrit", "paragraph_text": "Since the late 18th century, Sanskrit has been transliterated using the Latin alphabet. The system most commonly used today is the IAST (International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration), which has been the academic standard since 1888. ASCII-based transliteration schemes have also evolved because of difficulties representing Sanskrit characters in computer systems. These include Harvard-Kyoto and ITRANS, a transliteration scheme that is used widely on the Internet, especially in Usenet and in email, for considerations of speed of entry as well as rendering issues. With the wide availability of Unicode-aware web browsers, IAST has become common online. It is also possible to type using an alphanumeric keyboard and transliterate to Devanagari using software like Mac OS X's international support.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Bright Orange for the Shroud", "paragraph_text": "Bright Orange for the Shroud (1965) is a sixth novel in the Travis McGee series by John D. MacDonald. The plot follows McGee as he attempts to salvage the money of friend Arthur Wilkinson after the man is defrauded in a semi-legal confidence scheme involving a land deal.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "British Empire", "paragraph_text": "During the Age of Discovery in the 15th and 16th centuries, Portugal and Spain pioneered European exploration of the globe, and in the process established large overseas empires. Envious of the great wealth these empires generated, England, France, and the Netherlands began to establish colonies and trade networks of their own in the Americas and Asia. A series of wars in the 17th and 18th centuries with the Netherlands and France left England (and then, following union between England and Scotland in 1707, Great Britain) the dominant colonial power in North America and India.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "List of Portuguese football champions", "paragraph_text": "S.L. Benfica, with 36 titles, have been crowned champions more times than any other club, and dominated the league during the 1960s and 1970s. Benfica are followed by Porto with 28 titles, who dominated in the 1990s and 2000s, who in turn are followed by Sporting CP with 18 titles, they dominated in the 1940s and 1950s. C.F. Os Belenenses and Boavista F.C. are the only other clubs which managed to win the league, each having won it once. All five clubs are from the two largest cities, of Lisbon and Porto respectively.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 25985, "question": "What is the dominant scheme for internal processing?", "answer": "Unicode", "paragraph_support_idx": 8 }, { "id": 864388, "question": "#1 >> follows", "answer": "ISO 8859-1", "paragraph_support_idx": 0 } ]

[ "Latin-1" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "KTM", "paragraph_text": "KTM is known for its off - road motorcycles (Enduro, Motocross and Supermoto). Since the late 1990s, it has expanded into street motorcycle production and developing sports cars -- namely the X-Bow. In 2015, KTM sold almost as many street as off - road bikes. Production of the KTM sports car X-BOW started in 2007.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Rod Laver", "paragraph_text": "Rodney George Laver AC, MBE (born 9 August 1938) is an Australian former tennis player widely regarded as one of the greatest in the history of the sport. He was the No. 1 ranked professional from 1964 to 1970, spanning four years before and three years after the start of the Open Era in 1968. He also was the No. 1 ranked amateur in 1961 -- 62.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "The Diary of a Teenage Girl", "paragraph_text": "The Diary of a Teenage Girl is a 2015 American comedy-drama film written and directed by Marielle Heller, based on the hybrid novel by Phoebe Gloeckner. It stars Bel Powley as a 15-year-old girl who becomes sexually active by starting a relationship with her mother's boyfriend. It also stars Kristen Wiig, Alexander Skarsgård, Christopher Meloni, Quinn Nagle, and Austin Lyon. It premiered at the 2015 Sundance Film Festival and had a limited release on August 7, 2015 by Sony Pictures Classics.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Rugby Football League Hall of Fame", "paragraph_text": "The Rugby League Hall of Fame honours the leading players of the sport of rugby league. It was established by the sport's governing body in the UK, the Rugby Football League, in 1988. Players must have been retired for at least five years to be eligible; they must also have played at least ten years within the British game. Players are chosen for induction to the hall of fame by a panel consisting of sports writers, broadcasters and officials.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Phil Rogers", "paragraph_text": "Philip John Rogers (born 24 April 1971) is a former breaststroke swimmer who competed in three consecutive Summer Olympics for Australia, starting in 1992. He was an Australian Institute of Sport scholarship holder.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Olympic Games", "paragraph_text": "The modern Olympic Games or Olympics (French: Jeux olympiques) are leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions. The Olympic Games are considered the world's foremost sports competition with more than 200 nations participating. The Olympic Games are held every four years, with the Summer and Winter Games alternating by occurring every four years but two years apart.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Chris McKivat", "paragraph_text": "Christopher Hobart McKivat (alternatively spelled McKivatt, pronounced ; 27 November 1880 − 4 May 1941) was an Australian rugby union and rugby league player – a dual-code rugby international. He represented the Wallabies in over 20 Tests and tour matches from 1907 to 1909 and the Kangaroos in 5 Tests from 1910 to 1912. He is unique in Australian rugby history as the only man to captain both the national rugby union and rugby league teams. Following his playing career he became the most successful coach of North Sydney in the club's history.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Zipp Newman", "paragraph_text": "Henry Hardin \"Zipp\" Newman (May 24, 1894 – March 3, 1977) was an early 20th-century American sportswriter. In 1919 he became the South's youngest sports editor at the \"Birmingham News\" and was to become the Dean of Southern sports writers. For 44 years he was the official scorer for baseball's \"AA\" Southern League. Newman was a correspondent for \"The Sporting News\" for many years, and became first associated with the Birmingham News in 1912. He started restricting his duties in 1959 when he became sports editor emeritus, but continued to write his column. Newman was elected to the Alabama Sports Hall of Fame in 1975, and started the institution as its first executive secretary.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Oshman's Sporting Goods", "paragraph_text": "Oshman's Sporting Goods Former type Private Industry Retail Fate Acquired by Gart Sports Founded 1919; 99 years ago (1919) (as Oshman's Dry Goods); 1933; 85 years ago (1933) (as Oshman's Sporting Goods) Defunct 2005; 13 years ago (2005) Headquarters Houston, Texas Area served United States Key people J.S. ``Jake ''Oshman (founder) Products Apparel, sports equipment, footwear, exercise equipment Parent Gart Sports (2001 - 2005) Website Oshman's Sporting Goods (Archive)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Aasta Hansteen", "paragraph_text": "Aasta Hansteen was born in Christiania, modern day Oslo, the daughter of Christopher Hansteen, a noted professor of astronomy, geophysics and applied mathematics at the University of Oslo. She started her art education in Copenhagen (1840 - 1841) where she learned to draw. She continued her training for three years at the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf where she studied fine brush alignment. She is associated with the Düsseldorf school of painting. She exhibited her work at the 1855 World's Fair in Paris.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Range Rover Sport", "paragraph_text": "The Range Rover Sport is a British luxury mid-size SUV made by Land Rover. The first generation (codename: L320) started production in 2004, and was replaced by the second generation Sport (codename: L494) in 2013.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Lancashire", "paragraph_text": "Lancashire produced well known teams in super league such as St Helens, Wigan, and Warrington. The county was once the focal point for many of the sport's professional competitions including the Lancashire League competition which ran from 1895 to 1970, and the Lancashire County Cup which was abandoned in 1993. Rugby League has also seen a representative fixture between Lancashire and Yorkshire contested 89 times since its inception in 1895. Currently there are several rugby league teams that are based within the ceremonial county which include Blackpool Panthers, East Lancashire Lions, Blackpool Sea Eagles, Bamber Bridge, Leyland Warriors, Chorley Panthers, Blackpool Stanley, Blackpool Scorpions and Adlington Rangers.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Vladimir Turchinsky", "paragraph_text": "Vladimir Yevgenyevich Turchinsky (; 28 September 1963 – 16 December 2009) was a Russian bodybuilder, television and radio presenter, actor, author, singer and businessman. He started participating in sports in 4th grade. After completing his studies, he joined the Army. After that, Vladimir started his career during the years of Perestroika(Restructuring), working as a photographer and as a bodyguard. He was a maestro of sambo and judo, and for a time he practiced American football. He also was the president of Professional League of Strongest Extreme. He was born in Moscow, USSR and died in Pashukovo village, Noginsk District, Moscow Oblast.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Idrottsarvet", "paragraph_text": "Idrottsarvet: årets bok (en: \"Sports Heritage: Year Book\") () is a Swedish sport yearbook established in 1986. It is published annually by the Sports Museum of Gothenburg (Idrottsmuseet i Göteborg), and edited by Bo W. Karlsson.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Lorenzo Wright", "paragraph_text": "Lorenzo Christopher Wright (9 December 1926 – 27 March 1972) was a Detroit native and star athlete at Miller High School and Wayne State University; Wright is renowned for his noteworthy accomplishments in the sport of track and field.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "BFW M.27", "paragraph_text": "The BFW M.27, sometimes known as the Messerschmitt M.27, was a German two-seat sports plane with a low, cantilever wing, open cockpits and a fixed undercarriage sold in small numbers at the start of the 1930s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "2017 BBC Sports Personality of the Year Award", "paragraph_text": "2017 BBC Sports Personality of the Year Award Date 17 December 2017 Location Echo Arena, Liverpool Country United Kingdom Presented by British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) Hosted by Gary Lineker Clare Balding Gabby Logan Winner Mo Farah Website www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/sports-personality/ Television / radio coverage Network BBC One BBC One HD BBC Radio 5 Live ← 2016 BBC Sports Personality of the Year Award 2018 →", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Christophe Dominici", "paragraph_text": "Christophe Dominici (born 20 May 1972) is a former French rugby union footballer of Italian origin. He played wing for Stade Français and France. He has been a coach with Stade Français since the start of the 2008/9 season and a board member since 2009/10 season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Gilmore Girls (season 7)", "paragraph_text": "The season picks up with Lorelai having slept with Christopher immediately after ending her engagement to Luke, while Rory is attempting a long - distance relationship with Logan. Lorelai and Christopher attempt a relationship and, after going to Paris together, come back married. The marriage lasts until midway through the season but Christopher struggles to fit into Lorelai's life in Stars Hollow. Luke learns Anna is moving to New Mexico with April and applies for joint custody, winning after Lorelai gives him a glowing character reference. Christopher finds out and he and Lorelai argue, with Christopher feeling like second choice. Richard, who has just started working at Yale as a lecturer, has a heart attack during a class and Christopher stays away from the hospital while everyone worries about him. He and Lorelai eventually admit their marriage is n't right and split. Emily struggles with the finances while Richard is convalescing and Lorelai helps her out.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Chris Sanders (wide receiver)", "paragraph_text": "Christopher Dwayne Sanders (born May 8, 1972) is a former American football wide receiver who was a multi-sport athlete at the Ohio State University before playing seven seasons in the National Football League for the Houston/Tennessee Oilers/Titans. He attended Montbello High School in Denver, Colorado.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 585569, "question": "Christopher McKivat >> sport", "answer": "rugby league", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 }, { "id": 12907, "question": "What year did #1 start?", "answer": "1895", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "March Hare", "paragraph_text": "March Hare Alice character The March Hare. Illustration by John Tenniel. First appearance Alice's Adventures in Wonderland Last appearance Through the Looking - Glass Created by Lewis Carroll Information Aliases Haigha Species Hare Gender Male Occupation Host of the Mad Tea Party Messenger Significant other (s) The Hatter The Dormouse Nationality Wonderland", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Red Queen (Through the Looking-Glass)", "paragraph_text": "The 2010 live - action film Alice in Wonderland, fashioned as a sequel to the novel, features Helena Bonham Carter as the Red Queen. Bonham Carter's head was digitally increased three times its original size on screen. Bonham Carter's character is a combination of the Red Queen, the Duchess and the Queen of Hearts. From the original Red Queen, this character gets only a relationship to the White Queen. Here the Red Queen is the older sister of the White Queen, and is jealous of her sister, whom her subjects genuinely love. From the original John Tenniel illustrations of the Duchess, she gets a massive head in proportion to her body and a retinue of frog footmen. The White Queen theorizes that the movie's Red Queen has a tumor pressing against her brain, explaining both her large head and her deranged behaviour. Most of her characteristics are taken from the Queen of Hearts, including:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Alice in Wonderland (2010 film)", "paragraph_text": "Helena Bonham Carter as The Red Queen. She is an amalgamation of two Carroll characters: the Red Queen and the Queen of Hearts. Her first name is a play on the word irascible because she is easily irritated, obstreperous, impatient, and quick to anger. Bonham Carter's head was digitally increased to three times its original size on screen. The character hates animals, and chooses to use them as servants and furniture. It is implied that the Red Queen beheaded her former husband, the King. The actress took inspiration from her young daughter Nell, a toddler, stating that, ``The Red Queen is just like a toddler, because she's got a big head and she's a tyrant. ''", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Alice's Curious Labyrinth", "paragraph_text": "Alice's Curious Labyrinth is a hedge maze attraction at the Disneyland Park within Disneyland Paris. It opened in 1992 with the Park, and belongs to the British part of Fantasyland. A similar maze attraction, based on both the 1951 and 2010 Disney film adaptations of Lewis Carroll's \"Alice in Wonderland\", exists at Shanghai Disneyland Park.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "The Sheep", "paragraph_text": "The Sheep is a character, created by Charles Lutwidge Dodgson, a.k.a. Lewis Carroll. It appeared in Dodgson's book, \"Through the Looking-Glass\", the sequel to his book \"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Mount Alice (British Columbia)", "paragraph_text": "Mount Alice is a mountain located at the Queens Reach arm of the Jervis Inlet within the Pacific Ranges of the Coast Mountains in British Columbia Canada. The mountain was named during the 1860 survey by who charted all of the known area and named the mountain after HRH Alice Maud Mary who was the third child of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "American McGee's Alice", "paragraph_text": "American McGee's Alice is a third-person psychological horror action-adventure platform video game released for PC on December 6, 2000. The game, developed by Rogue Entertainment and published by Electronic Arts, is an unofficial sequel to Lewis Carroll's Alice novels. It was designed by American McGee and features music composed by Chris Vrenna.The game uses the id Tech 3 game engine. A PlayStation 2 port was in development and planned for a release sometime around 2001 but was canceled. Set years after Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass, the game features an older, more cynical and macabre incarnation of Alice. As of 22 July 2010, American McGee's Alice has sold over 1.5 million copies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Helena Bonham Carter", "paragraph_text": "Bonham Carter joined the cast of Tim Burton's 2010 film, Alice in Wonderland as The Red Queen. She appears alongside Johnny Depp, Anne Hathaway, Mia Wasikowska, Crispin Glover and Harry Potter co-star Alan Rickman. Her role was an amalgamation of The Queen of Hearts and The Red Queen. In early 2009, Bonham Carter was named one of The Times's top 10 British Actresses of all time. She appeared on the list with fellow actresses Julie Andrews, Helen Mirren, Maggie Smith, Judi Dench, and Audrey Hepburn.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Don't Come Around Here No More", "paragraph_text": "The music video is themed around Alice in Wonderland and was directed by Jeff Stein. Dave Stewart appears as the caterpillar at the beginning, sitting on a mushroom with a hookah water pipe while playing a sitar. Petty appears in the video dressed as The Mad Hatter, and actress Louise ``Wish ''Foley played Alice. At the end of the video, Alice, who has been turned into a cake, is eaten by Petty and even friends of her own, and then a final shot of her being swallowed whole by Petty, after which he gives a small burp and pats his mouth dry.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Mock Turtle", "paragraph_text": "The Mock Turtle is a fictional character devised by Lewis Carroll from his popular book \"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\". Its name is taken from a dish that was popular in the Victorian period, mock turtle soup.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Blanche of Anjou", "paragraph_text": "Blanche of Anjou (1280 – 14 October 1310) was Queen of Aragon as the second spouse of King James II. She was a member of the Capetian House of Anjou, she is also known as \"Blanche of Naples\". She served as Regent or \"Queen-Lieutenant\" of Aragon during the absence of her spouse in 1310.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Hatter (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)", "paragraph_text": "The Hatter character, alongside all the other fictional beings, first appears in Lewis Carroll's 1865 novel Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. In it, the Hatter explains to Alice that he and the March Hare are always having tea because when he tried to sing for the foul - tempered Queen of Hearts, she sentenced him to death for ``murdering the time '', but he escapes decapitation. In retaliation, time (referred to as a`` he'' in the novel) halts himself in respect to the Hatter, keeping him and the March Hare stuck at 18: 00 (or 6: 00 pm) forever.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Planet of the Apes (2001 film)", "paragraph_text": "Planet of the Apes is a 2001 American science fiction film directed by Tim Burton and starring Mark Wahlberg, Tim Roth, Helena Bonham Carter, Michael Clarke Duncan, Paul Giamatti, and Estella Warren. The sixth film produced in the \"Planet of the Apes\" franchise, it was loosely adapted from Pierre Boulle's 1963 novel of the same name and the 1968 film version. It tells the story of astronaut Leo Davidson crash-landing on a planet inhabited by intelligent apes. The apes treat humans as slaves, but with the help of an ape named Ari, Leo starts a rebellion.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "ArchEnemy", "paragraph_text": "ArchEnemy is a 2009 science-fiction and fantasy novel by Frank Beddor and the third novel of the Looking Glass Wars trilogy. The book was published on October 15, 2009 by Dial Press and is heavily inspired by Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Hatter (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)", "paragraph_text": "The Hatter appears in Tim Burton's 2010 version of Alice in Wonderland portrayed by Johnny Depp and given the name Tarrant Hightopp. In the film, the Hatter takes Alice toward the White Queen's castle and relates the terror of the Red Queen's reign while commenting that Alice is not the same as she once was. The Hatter subsequently helps Alice avoid capture by the Red Queen's guards by allowing himself to be seized instead. He is later saved from execution by the Cheshire Cat and calls for rebellion against the Red Queen. Near the end of the film, the Hatter unsuccessfully suggests to Alice that she could stay in Wonderland and consummate his feelings for her.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Alice in Wonderland (1903 film)", "paragraph_text": "Alice in Wonderland is a 1903 British silent film directed by Cecil Hepworth and Percy Stow. Only one copy of the original film is known to exist. The British Film Institute (BFI) partially restored the movie and its original film tinting and released it in 2010. According to BFI, the original film ran about 12 minutes; the restoration runs 9 minutes and 35 seconds. At the beginning of the restoration, it states that this is the first movie adaptation of Lewis Carroll's children's book Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Through the Looking-Glass", "paragraph_text": "Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There (1871) (also known as \"Alice through the Looking-Glass\" or simply \"Through the Looking-Glass\") is a novel by Lewis Carroll and the sequel to \"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\" (1865). Alice again enters a fantastical world, this time by climbing through a mirror into the world that she can see beyond it. There she finds that, just like a reflection, everything is reversed, including logic (running helps you remain stationary, walking away from something brings you towards it, chessmen are alive, nursery rhyme characters exist, etc) \"Through the Looking-Glass\" includes such verses as \"Jabberwocky\" and \"The Walrus and the Carpenter\", and the episode involving Tweedledum and Tweedledee. The mirror which inspired Carroll remains displayed in Charlton Kings.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert", "paragraph_text": "The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert is a 1994 Australian comedy - drama film written and directed by Stephan Elliott. The plot follows two drag queens played by Hugo Weaving and Guy Pearce and a transgender woman, played by Terence Stamp, as they journey across the Australian Outback from Sydney to Alice Springs in a tour bus that they have named ``Priscilla '', along the way encountering various groups and individuals. The film's title references the slang term`` queen'' for a drag queen or female impersonator.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Kathryn Beaumont", "paragraph_text": "Kathryn Beaumont (born 27 June 1938) is an English actress, voice actress, singer and school teacher. She is best known for providing Disney animated films with the voices of both Alice in Alice in Wonderland (1951) and Wendy Darling in Peter Pan (1953), for which she was named a Disney Legend in 1998. Walt Disney personally cast Beaumont after seeing the film On an Island with You (1948), in which she had a small role. Beaumont reprised her voice acting role as Alice in two episodes of the animated series Disney's House of Mouse (2001 -- 2003) and as both Alice and Wendy in the 2002 video game Kingdom Hearts.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland", "paragraph_text": "Chapter Twelve -- Alice's Evidence: Alice is then called up as a witness. She accidentally knocks over the jury box with the animals inside them and the King orders the animals be placed back into their seats before the trial continues. The King and Queen order Alice to be gone, citing Rule 42 (``All persons more than a mile high to leave the court ''), but Alice disputes their judgement and refuses to leave. She argues with the King and Queen of Hearts over the ridiculous proceedings, eventually refusing to hold her tongue. The Queen shouts her familiar`` Off with her head!'' but Alice is unafraid, calling them out as just a pack of cards; just as they start to swarm over her. Alice's sister wakes her up from a dream, brushing what turns out to be some leaves and not a shower of playing cards from Alice's face. Alice leaves her sister on the bank to imagine all the curious happenings for herself.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 77808, "question": "who plays the queen of hearts in alice and wonderland", "answer": "Helena Bonham Carter", "paragraph_support_idx": 2 }, { "id": 576533, "question": "#1 >> spouse", "answer": "Tim Burton", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "2012 NRL season", "paragraph_text": "The 2012 NRL season was the 105th season of professional rugby league club competition in Australia, and the first run by the newly formed Australian Rugby League Commission. The main competition, called the 2012 NRL Telstra Premiership due to sponsorship from Telstra Corporation was contested by the sixteen teams of the National Rugby League. The season started with the 2012 NRL All Stars match and culminated in the 2012 NRL grand final. The 2012 Toyota Cup season also took place alongside the Premiership. The McIntyre Final Eight System, in use since 1999, was replaced with the finals system previously used by the ARL in the 1990s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Mania (Fall Out Boy album)", "paragraph_text": "After the release of the album's first two singles, ``Young and Menace ''and`` Champion'', Patrick Stump issued a statement on Twitter confirming that the band was postponing the release date for Mania until January 19, 2018 due to the album ``feeling rushed. ''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "List of Happy Valley episodes", "paragraph_text": "Happy Valley is a British crime drama television series created by Sally Wainwright and produced by Red Production Company. The first series of six episodes started airing on BBC One in the United Kingdom on 29 April 2014. It was released on Netflix in the United States and Canada on 20 August 2014. A second series of six episodes started airing on BBC One on 9 February 2016 and was made available on Netflix in the US later that year.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Lancashire", "paragraph_text": "Lancashire produced well known teams in super league such as St Helens, Wigan, and Warrington. The county was once the focal point for many of the sport's professional competitions including the Lancashire League competition which ran from 1895 to 1970, and the Lancashire County Cup which was abandoned in 1993. Rugby League has also seen a representative fixture between Lancashire and Yorkshire contested 89 times since its inception in 1895. Currently there are several rugby league teams that are based within the ceremonial county which include Blackpool Panthers, East Lancashire Lions, Blackpool Sea Eagles, Bamber Bridge, Leyland Warriors, Chorley Panthers, Blackpool Stanley, Blackpool Scorpions and Adlington Rangers.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "NRL Mascot Mania", "paragraph_text": "NRL Mascot Mania is a National Rugby League video game, developed by Wicked Witch Software for Nintendo DS. It was released in July 2009.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Uga (mascot)", "paragraph_text": "The Uga mascot line first started in 1956 when Seiler brought a bulldog that was given to him as a wedding present by Frank Heard to Georgia's first home game of the season. Afterwards, head coach Wally Butts asked his permission to use the dog as Georgia's mascot, and around the same time a college friend, Billy Young, suggested that he name it Uga, a play on the common abbreviation of the University of Georgia, UGA. Since then, every Uga has been owned by and lived with the Seiler family in Savannah, Georgia. Even to this day, Uga is owned by the Seiler family, who take care of him when he is n't acting as the mascot on the field. The Seiler family bathes Uga, clips his nails, and makes sure Uga is looking perfect for game time. They also transport him to and from the events he attends as mascot.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Andrew McCullough", "paragraph_text": "Andrew McCullough (born 30 January 1990) is an Australian professional rugby league footballer who plays as a for the Brisbane Broncos in the NRL.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Mania (Fall Out Boy album)", "paragraph_text": "Mania (stylized as MA N I A and formally titled Mania: A Fall Out Boy LP) is the upcoming seventh studio album by American rock band Fall Out Boy, set to be released on January 19, 2018, by Island Records and DCD2 as the follow - up to their 2015 album, American Beauty / American Psycho.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Fudge (TV series)", "paragraph_text": "Fudge is an American children's television series based on a series of Judy Blume books about a young boy nicknamed Fudge. The series ran for two seasons (1995–1997), with 24 episodes following a telefilm adaptation of Blume's novel \"Fudge-a-Mania\", which aired on January 7, 1995 in primetime. \"Fudge\" premiered on ABC in January 1995, and switched to CBS for its second season. \"TV Guide\" twice listed \"Fudge\" as one of the Ten Best Shows for Children. The show was canceled in 1997. At the Seventeenth Annual Youth in Film Awards, the cast was nominated for a Young Actors Award, Best Performance by a Young Ensemble: Television. Nassira Nicola, who played Sheila Tubman, won for Best Performance by a Young Actress: TV Comedy Series.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Benny Beaver", "paragraph_text": "Benny Beaver is the official mascot of Oregon State University and winner of the 2011 Capital One Mascot of the Year write - in campaign. The exact date of when the name was first used as the university's mascot is not known, but photographs in the school's yearbook document its use as early as the 1940s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Chicago Cubs", "paragraph_text": "The Cubs had no official physical mascot prior to Clark, though a man in a 'polar bear' looking outfit, called \"The Bear-man\" (or Beeman), which was mildly popular with the fans, paraded the stands briefly in the early 1990s. There is no record of whether or not he was just a fan in a costume or employed by the club. Through the 2013 season, there were \"Cubbie-bear\" mascots outside of Wrigley on game day, but none are employed by the team. They pose for pictures with fans for tips. The most notable of these was \"Billy Cub\" who worked outside of the stadium until for over 6 years until July 2013, when the club asked him to stop. Billy Cub, who is played by fan John Paul Weier, had unsuccessfully petitioned the team to become the official mascot.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Twister Mania", "paragraph_text": "Developed by Naked Sky Entertainment, Twister Mania is published by Majesco Entertainment and is rated E for Everyone by the ESRB.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Johnathan Thurston", "paragraph_text": "Johnathan Thurston started his career at the Canterbury - Bankstown Bulldogs in 2002, where he won the 2004 NRL premiership, before moving to the North Queensland Cowboys in 2005, playing in that year's grand final. In that year, he made his debut for Queensland, before making his Australian debut in 2006. He was the 2008 Wally Lewis medalist for State of Origin player of the series. Also in 2008, he was named as halfback of the Australian Aboriginal team of the century. Thurston was the only player to play in all 24 games of Queensland's eight - year State of Origin winning streak from 2006, having played 36 consecutive Origin matches to date since his debut in 2005. Thurston broke the record for most points in State of Origin history during the 2015 State of Origin Series. Also in 2015, Thurston co-captained the North Queensland Cowboys, along with team mate Matt Scott, to their inaugural NRL Premiership. He was also the 2015 Clive Churchill Medallist for Grand Final man of the match. In the 2015 NRL Grand Final Thurston captained the team leading them to victory against the Brisbane Broncos.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Call the Midwife", "paragraph_text": "\"Call the Midwife\" achieved very high ratings in its first series, making it the most successful new drama series on BBC One since 2001. Since then, five more series of eight episodes each have aired year-on-year, along with an annual Christmas special broadcast every Christmas Day since 2012. It is also broadcast in the United States on the PBS network, with the first series starting on 30 September 2012.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Ramsele witch trial", "paragraph_text": "The Ramsele witch trial, which took place in 1634, is one of the few known Swedish witch trials before the great witch mania of 1668–1676.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Mark Reber", "paragraph_text": "Mark Reber (born 14 January 1969) is a former professional rugby league footballer who played for North Sydney Bears in the ARL and NRL, and Wigan Warriors in the Super League.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Rugby League Challenge", "paragraph_text": "Rugby League Challenge is a sport simulation game for the PlayStation Portable based on the National Rugby League and the Super League. The game was developed by Australian game developer Wicked Witch Software and was published by Tru Blu Entertainment. The game is based on the 2009 NRL season and Super League XIV. It features all 16 NRL teams and 14 Super League teams.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "2015 NRL Grand Final", "paragraph_text": "The 2015 NRL Grand Final was the conclusive and premiership - deciding game of the 2015 NRL season and was played on Sunday 4 October at Sydney's ANZ Stadium between the Brisbane Broncos and North Queensland Cowboys. North Queensland won the match 17 -- 16 in golden point extra time, claiming their first premiership title in their twentieth year of competition. Due to its dramatic ending, the match has been regarded as one of the greatest grand finals in rugby league history, drawing comparisons with the 1989 NSWRL Grand Final and the 1997 ARL Grand Final. Cowboys co-captain Johnathan Thurston, who kicked the winning field goal for his team, was awarded the Clive Churchill Medal as the best player on the ground. Pre-match entertainment was headlined by Australian rock band Cold Chisel.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "SuperTux", "paragraph_text": "SuperTux is a free and open-source two-dimensional platform video game published under the GNU General Public License (GPL). The game was inspired by Nintendo's \"Super Mario Bros.\" series; instead of Mario, the hero in the game is Tux, the official mascot of the Linux kernel.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Smokey (mascot)", "paragraph_text": "There is an actual Bluetick Coonhound mascot, Smokey X, who leads the Vols on the field for football games. The Alpha Gamma Rho fraternity cares for the hound on the University of Tennessee campus. There is also a costumed mascot that appears at every Vols game and has won several mascot championships.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 153574, "question": "What series is NRL Mascot Mania in?", "answer": "Rugby League", "paragraph_support_idx": 4 }, { "id": 12907, "question": "What year did #1 start?", "answer": "1895", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Structure (journal)", "paragraph_text": "Structure is a peer-reviewed scientific journal founded by Wayne Hendrickson, Carl-Ivar Brändén and Alan R. Fersht in September 1993. It focuses on structural biology, studies of macromolecular structure and related issues. In early 1999, the journal merged with \"Folding & Design\" and the name changed to \"Structure with Folding & Design\". In 2001, the journal reverted to \"Structure\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Uffizi", "paragraph_text": "The building of Uffizi complex was begun by Giorgio Vasari in 1560 for Cosimo I de' Medici so as to accommodate the offices of the Florentine magistrates, hence the name , \"offices\". The construction was later continued by Alfonso Parigi and Bernardo Buontalenti; it was completed in 1581. The top floor was made into a gallery for the family and their guests and included their collection of Roman sculptures.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Mummery Cliff", "paragraph_text": "Mummery Cliff () is a cliff situated in Antarctica rising to about 1,250 m to the southeast of Whymper Spur in the Pioneers Escarpment, Shackleton Range. In association with the names of pioneers of polar life and travel grouped in this area, named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in 1971 after Albert F. Mummery (1855–95), English mountaineer and designer of the Mummery tent.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Mila Doce, Texas", "paragraph_text": "Mila Doce (\"Mile Twelve\" in Spanish, from the name of the road it adjoins) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Hidalgo County, Texas. The population was 6,222 at the 2010 United States Census. It is part of the McAllen–Edinburg–Mission Metropolitan Statistical Area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Four Lakes, Washington", "paragraph_text": "Four Lakes is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Spokane County, Washington, United States, just southwest of the city of Spokane, and north of Cheney. As of the 2010 census, its population was 512. Both Interstate 90 and SR 904 run through Four Lakes and the junction of the two is located near the center of town. Four Lakes was founded in 1879 by G.H. Morgan. The community was so named on account of there being four lakes near the original town site.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Lightstreet, Pennsylvania", "paragraph_text": "Lightstreet is a census-designated place (CDP) in Columbia County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 1,093 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Bloomsburg–Berwick Micropolitan Statistical Area. The CDP is named after a street in Baltimore.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Beltsville, Maryland", "paragraph_text": "Beltsville is a census-designated place (CDP) in northern Prince George's County, Maryland, United States. The community was named for Truman Belt, a local landowner. The population was 16,772 at the 2010 census. Beltsville includes the unincorporated community of Vansville.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Walland, Tennessee", "paragraph_text": "Walland is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Blount County, Tennessee, in the Southeastern United States. Its population was 259 as of the 2010 census. Walland is the site of a post office and is the place name associated with zip code 37886, which covers an area beyond the Walland community.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "136 Austria", "paragraph_text": "Austria (minor planet designation: 136 Austria) is a main-belt asteroid that was found by the prolific asteroid discoverer Johann Palisa on 18 March 1874, from the Austrian Naval Observatory in Pola, Istria. It was his first asteroid discovery and was given the Latin name of his homeland.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Quentin, Pennsylvania", "paragraph_text": "Quentin is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lebanon County, Pennsylvania, United States that was named after Quentin Roosevelt. The population was 529 at the 2000 census.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Jackson Tooth", "paragraph_text": "Jackson Tooth () is a nunatak rising to at the western end of Pioneers Escarpment, in the Shackleton Range, Antarctica. In association with the names of pioneers of polar life and travel grouped in this area, it was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1971 after Major Frederick George Jackson, an English Arctic explorer who in 1895 designed the features of the pyramid tent, later to become standard equipment on British polar expeditions.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Vodien Internet Solutions", "paragraph_text": "Vodien Internet Solutions was founded in 2002, and was then registered as a sole proprietorship under the business name of \"Vodien Studios\". Alvin Poh and John Jervis Lee, the founders of Vodien, started the company off providing graphic design, web design and web development services.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Cass, West Virginia", "paragraph_text": "Cass is a census-designated place (CDP) on the Greenbrier River in Pocahontas County, West Virginia, USA. As of the 2010 census, its population was 52. The town, founded in 1901, was named for Joseph Kerr Cass, vice president and cofounder of the West Virginia Pulp and Paper Company.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Londontowne, Maryland", "paragraph_text": "Londontowne is an unincorporated area and former census-designated place (CDP) in Anne Arundel County, Maryland, United States, and the site of a former colonial seaport founded on the South River in 1683. The population was 7,595 at the 2000 census. At the 2010 census, the area was delineated as the Edgewater CDP.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Badia Polyptych", "paragraph_text": "The Badia Polyptych (Italian: \"Polittico di Badia\") is a painting by the Italian artist Giotto, painted around 1300 and housed in the Uffizi Gallery of Florence.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Sukhoi", "paragraph_text": "The JSC Sukhoi Company (, ) is a major Soviet and now Russian aircraft manufacturer, headquartered in Begovoy District, Northern Administrative Okrug, Moscow, and designs both civilian and military aircraft. It was founded by Pavel Sukhoi in 1939 as the Sukhoi Design Bureau (OKB-51, design office prefix Su). During February 2006, the Russian government merged Sukhoi with Mikoyan, Ilyushin, Irkut, Tupolev, and Yakovlev as a new company named United Aircraft Corporation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Riverhead (CDP), New York", "paragraph_text": "Riverhead is a census-designated place (CDP) roughly corresponding to the hamlet by the same name located in the town of Riverhead in Suffolk County, New York on Long Island. The CDP's population was 13,299 at the 2010 census.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Saint Catherine of Alexandria Polyptych", "paragraph_text": "The Saint Catherine of Alexandria Polyptych (also known as Pisa Polyptych) is a painting by the Italian medieval artist Simone Martini, dating to 1320. Originally placed at the high altar of the church of Santa Caterina in Pisa, it is now housed in the Museo Nazionale di San Matteo of the same city.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "East Norwich, New York", "paragraph_text": "East Norwich is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) located within the town of Oyster Bay in Nassau County, New York, United States. The population was 2,709 at the 2010 census. East Norwich was originally named Norwich, until the postal service requested the name change to eliminate confusion from the other Norwich, in Chenango County.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Heron, Montana", "paragraph_text": "Heron is a census-designated place (CDP) in Sanders County, Montana, named for the village of Heron which is located within it. The population of the entire CDP was 149 at the 2000 census.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 96657, "question": "What is the name of the place where Badia Polyptych can be found?", "answer": "Uffizi", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 }, { "id": 94210, "question": "Who was #1 designed by?", "answer": "Giorgio Vasari", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 } ]

[ "Buontalenti", "Alfonso Parigi", "Vasari", "vasari", "Bernardo Buontalenti" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar", "paragraph_text": "The Pepsi - Cola Made with Real Sugar, formerly called Throwback, is a brand of soft drink sold by PepsiCo in the United States and in sweet stores in South Australia for its flagship Pepsi and Mountain Dew brands. The drinks, called Pepsi Throwback and Mountain Dew Throwback, are named as such because they are flavored with cane sugar and beet sugar instead of high fructose corn syrup, which soft drink companies used to replace sugar (in their North American products) in the 1980s. In addition, these drinks use retro packaging. As of June 2014, Pepsi Throwback has been replaced in one area of the United States by ``Pepsi - Cola Made with Real Sugar '', a new product formulation, also made without high fructose corn syrup.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Cocoa Puffs", "paragraph_text": "Cocoa Puffs is a brand of chocolate-flavored puffed grain breakfast cereal, manufactured by General Mills. Introduced in 1958, the cereal consists of small orbs of corn, oats, and rice flavored with cocoa. Essentially, Cocoa Puffs are Kix cereal with chocolate flavoring; similarly, Trix has been, for most of its existence, fruit-flavored Kix.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Punjab, Pakistan", "paragraph_text": "Despite the lack of a coastline, Punjab is the most industrialised province of Pakistan; its manufacturing industries produce textiles, sports goods, heavy machinery, electrical appliances, surgical instruments, vehicles, auto parts, metals, sugar mill plants, aircraft, cement, agricultural machinery, bicycles and rickshaws, floor coverings, and processed foods. In 2003, the province manufactured 90% of the paper and paper boards, 71% of the fertilizers, 69% of the sugar and 40% of the cement of Pakistan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Shamishi", "paragraph_text": "Shamishi are semolina fried pies that have been produced in Cyprus since at least the 19th century and they are considered a traditional delicacy of the cuisine of Cyprus. Shamishi are known as a dessert that is served hot in special occasions such as weddings and local religious feasts usually along with loukoumades and water and it is a variety of fried pastry filled with halva and semolina. In addition to halva and semolina, shamishi includes ingredients like flour, water, sugar, mastic, oil (corn or groundnut oil), salt, among others.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Shark Energy", "paragraph_text": "Shark Energy Drink is available in a number of variations, including carbonated, uncarbonated versions, sugared and sugar-free. The drink is manufactured in Thailand by the Osotspa Co. Ltd in Bangkok, and also in Europe by Shark AG in Innsbruck, Austria.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Red", "paragraph_text": "During the summer growing season, phosphate is at a high level. It has a vital role in the breakdown of the sugars manufactured by chlorophyll. But in the fall, phosphate, along with the other chemicals and nutrients, moves out of the leaf into the stem of the plant. When this happens, the sugar-breakdown process changes, leading to the production of anthocyanin pigments. The brighter the light during this period, the greater the production of anthocyanins and the more brilliant the resulting color display. When the days of autumn are bright and cool, and the nights are chilly but not freezing, the brightest colorations usually develop.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Prince of Wales (cocktail)", "paragraph_text": "The Prince of Wales is a cocktail created by Albert Edward, Prince of Wales, who later becomes King Edward VII. There are several variations of the cocktail, but what they usually have in common is champagne, angostura bitters, sugar (or simple syrup), either rye whiskey or cognac, and a liqueur.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "High-fructose corn syrup", "paragraph_text": "High - fructose corn syrup (HFCS) (also called glucose - fructose, isoglucose and glucose - fructose syrup) is a sweetener made from corn starch that has been processed by glucose isomerase to convert some of its glucose into fructose. HFCS was first marketed in the early 1970s by the Clinton Corn Processing Company, together with the Japanese Agency of Industrial Science and Technology where the enzyme was discovered in 1965.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Es teler", "paragraph_text": "Es Teler is a fruit cocktail from Indonesia. Avocado, coconut meat, cincau, jackfruit and other fruits are served with coconut milk, sweetened condensed milk, \"Pandanus amaryllifolius\" leaf (normally in the form of cocopandan syrup), sugar, and a tiny amount of salt.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Corn production in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Iowa, the largest producer of corn in the US, grows three times as much corn as Mexico. Iowa harvested 3,548 acres (1,436 ha) of sweet corn in 2007. In 2011, the state had 92,300 corn farms on 30,700,000 acres (12,400,000 ha), the average size being 333 acres (135 ha), and the average dollar value per acre being US $6,708. In the same year, there were 13.7 million harvested acres of corn for grain, producing 2.36 billion bushels, which yielded 172.0 bu / acre, with US $14.5 billion of corn value of production. Almost 1.88 billion bushels of corn were grown in the state in 2012 on 13.7 million acres of land, while the 2013 projections are 2.45 billion bushels of corn on 13.97 million acres of land.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Maple syrup", "paragraph_text": "Until the 1930s, the United States produced most of the world's maple syrup. Today, after rapid growth in the 1990s, Canada produces more than 80 percent of the world's maple syrup, producing about 73,000,000 litres (19,000,000 US gal) in 2016. The vast majority of this comes from the province of Quebec, which is the world's largest producer, with about 70 percent of global production.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Heaven Hill", "paragraph_text": "Deep Eddy Vodka Distillery is a distillery in Dripping Springs, Texas that manufactures vodka products made of south Texas corn using continuous distillation in a column still. Dripping Springs is not a part of Austin, Texas, but is, in fact, a separate town.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Baghdad Soft Drinks Co", "paragraph_text": "PepsiCo International's franchise agreement authorises Baghdad Soft Drinks Company to produce and distribute PepsiCo's Pepsi-Cola, Seven-Up and Mirinda soft drink brands.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Corning Museum of Glass", "paragraph_text": "The Corning Museum of Glass is a museum in Corning, New York dedicated to the art, history and science of glass. It was founded in 1951 by Corning Glass Works and currently has a collection of more than 50,000 glass objects, some over 3,500 years old.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Valtra", "paragraph_text": "Valtra is a manufacturer of tractors and agricultural machinery and forms part of the AGCO Corporation. Valtra tractors are manufactured in Suolahti, Finland, and Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil. Valtra’s products in the Brazilian market also include combine harvesters, sugar cane harvesters, self-propelled sprayers and seed drills.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Maple liqueur", "paragraph_text": "Maple liqueur refers to various alcoholic products made from maple syrup, primarily in the Northeast United States and Canada. It is most commonly made by mixing Canadian rye whiskey and Canadian maple syrup. Maple liqueur is considered an important cultural beverage in certain Canadian festivals.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Kola Shaler", "paragraph_text": "Kola Shaler is a cola soft drink manufactured in Nicaragua by a company called \"Kola Shaler Industrial\", founded by David Robleto Aleman. Kola Shaler ingredients are imported from England. It is lower in sugar and carbonation compared to others soft drinks.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Aachener Printen", "paragraph_text": "Aachener Printen are a type of Lebkuchen originating from the city of Aachen in Germany. Somewhat similar to gingerbread, Printen were originally sweetened with honey, but for two centuries the tradition is to use a syrup made from sugar beets.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Corn Belt", "paragraph_text": "The Corn Belt is a region of the Midwestern United States that, since the 1850s, has dominated corn production in the United States. More generally, the concept of the ``Corn Belt ''connotes the area of the Midwest dominated by farming. Many towns in this area are connected to powerful farm organizations with lobbying power.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Sippin' on Some Syrup", "paragraph_text": "``Sippin 'on Some Syrup ''Single by Three 6 Mafia featuring UGK and Project Pat from the album When the Smoke Clears: Sixty 6, Sixty 1 Released February 6, 2000 Format CD single, 12'' Recorded 1999 Genre Hip hop Length 4: 24 Label Loud Songwriter (s) Paul Beauregard, Chad L. Butler, Bernard Freeman, Jordan Houston Producer (s) DJ Paul, Juicy J Three 6 Mafia singles chronology``' Who Run It? '''(2000) ``Sippin' on Some Syrup'' (2000)`` 'Stay Fly' ''(2005) Who Run It? (2000) Sippin 'on Some Syrup (2000) Stay Fly (2005)", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 768310, "question": "Mirinda >> manufacturer", "answer": "Pepsi", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 }, { "id": 89145, "question": "when did #1 change from sugar to corn syrup", "answer": "the 1980s", "paragraph_support_idx": 0 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Power Rangers Lost Galaxy", "paragraph_text": "Power Rangers Lost Galaxy is an American television series and the seventh season of the \"Power Rangers\" franchise, based on the Super Sentai series \"Seijuu Sentai Gingaman\". The series was the first to follow the Sentai tradition of a new cast with each new series.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Jack Lancien", "paragraph_text": "Jack Lancien was a skilled defenceman who played parts of four seasons with the New York Rangers in the 40s and 50s. He was a fine playmaker who could cover people in his own end. He had a lengthy 15-year career also playing in the minors and senior leagues.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Lancashire", "paragraph_text": "Lancashire produced well known teams in super league such as St Helens, Wigan, and Warrington. The county was once the focal point for many of the sport's professional competitions including the Lancashire League competition which ran from 1895 to 1970, and the Lancashire County Cup which was abandoned in 1993. Rugby League has also seen a representative fixture between Lancashire and Yorkshire contested 89 times since its inception in 1895. Currently there are several rugby league teams that are based within the ceremonial county which include Blackpool Panthers, East Lancashire Lions, Blackpool Sea Eagles, Bamber Bridge, Leyland Warriors, Chorley Panthers, Blackpool Stanley, Blackpool Scorpions and Adlington Rangers.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Ford Explorer Sport Trac", "paragraph_text": "The Ford Explorer Sport Trac, sometimes referred to as simply the Ford Sport Trac, is a mid-size pickup truck sold mostly in North America produced by Ford from 2000 through 2010. The Sport Trac was based on the Ford Explorer SUV - not based on the compact Ford Ranger (North America) - because it was introduced when the Explorer and Ranger platforms diverged (Explorer's chassis was a heavy duty variant of the Ranger's). The Sport Trac fell between the Ranger and Ford F - Series in Ford's truck lineup, based on capability and price. It competed with other mid-size trucks and SUVs, such as the mid-size Honda Ridgeline and even the larger full - size Chevrolet Avalanche. During its first year on sale in the U.S., there was a waiting list of over 3 months. The Sport Trac was a Class 2 vehicle with a GVWR of 6250 lbs. and a maximum GCWR of 12,000 lbs. This made it one of the more and the then most capable mid-size pickups, having a greater GVWR and GCWR than the Dodge Dakota, GM's GMC Canyon / Chevrolet Colorado pickups and Toyota Tacoma.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "George Ruddick", "paragraph_text": "George Ruddick (birth registered third ¼ 1881 – death registered first ¼ 1949) was a Welsh rugby union, and professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1890s, 1900s and 1910s. He played club level rugby union (RU) for Brecon RFC, and representative level rugby league (RL) for Great Britain, Wales, and Lancashire, and at club level for Broughton Rangers, as a , or , i.e. number 8 or 10, or, 11 or 12, during the era of contested scrums.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Gordie Bell", "paragraph_text": "In the 1945–46 season he made 8 appearances for the Toronto Maple Leafs. He would not play another NHL game for 10 more years when he suited up for the New York Rangers in 2 playoff games.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "East Broughton, Quebec", "paragraph_text": "East Broughton is a municipality located in Les Appalaches Regional County Municipality in the Chaudière-Appalaches region of Quebec, Canada. Its population was 2,229 as of 2011. It was named following its location in the township of Broughton, in opposition to West Broughton, today's Saint-Pierre-de-Broughton.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Jayson More", "paragraph_text": "Born in Souris, Manitoba, More played four seasons in the Western Hockey League junior league. More made his professional debut as a 19-year-old with the International Hockey League's Denver Rangers in the 1988–89 season. He also appeared in one NHL game with the New York Rangers that same season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "The Cliff (training ground)", "paragraph_text": "The Cliff is a sports ground in Broughton, Salford on the banks of the River Irwell, that was used as rugby league club Broughton Rangers' home ground until 1933. It was purchased by association football club Manchester United for use as their training ground. It continued to be used by United until 1999, when it was replaced by the Trafford Training Centre in Carrington. However, it continues to host some Manchester United academy matches, and it is sometimes used by Salford rugby league side as a training venue. As of 2018 The Cliff will be home to Manchester United Women.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Gregorian calendar", "paragraph_text": "To unambiguously specify the date, dual dating or Old Style (O.S.) and New Style (N.S.) are sometimes used with dates. Dual dating uses two consecutive years because of differences in the starting date of the year, or includes both the Julian and Gregorian dates. Old Style and New Style (N.S.) indicate either whether the start of the Julian year has been adjusted to start on 1 January (N.S.) even though documents written at the time use a different start of year (O.S.), or whether a date conforms to the Julian calendar (O.S.) rather than the Gregorian (N.S.).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Power Rangers Turbo", "paragraph_text": "Power Rangers Turbo is an American television series and the fifth season of the Power Rangers franchise. The show was prefaced with the franchise's second film, \"\". As with its predecessors, \"Power Rangers Turbo\" is a based on one of the entries of the Super Sentai series; in Turbo's case, the source of the series is \"Gekisou Sentai Carranger\". The series introduced a child actor as the new Blue Ranger, and featured the departure of the long-running characters Zordon and Alpha 5, as well the veteran team of Rangers and introduced four new characters to take the place of the veteran Rangers. This was Jason David Frank's last appearance in the Power Rangers franchise until he appeared in the 10th anniversary special \"Forever Red\" on \"Power Rangers Wild Force\". He later starred in \"Power Rangers Dino Thunder\", which premiered seven years later. It also marked the final appearances of Catherine Sutherland and Steve Cardenas until the 25th anniversary special \"Dimensions in Danger\" during \"Power Rangers Super Ninja Steel\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "New Broughton Rangers", "paragraph_text": "New Broughton Rangers were a rugby league team based in Broughton, Salford. They played in the North West Premier division of the Rugby League Conference, but have since withdrawn from the league and are no longer active. New Broughton Rangers are not connected to the historic rugby league club Broughton Rangers. The rights to the intellectual property of Broughton Rangers and Belle Vue Rangers are owned by entrepreneur Stefan Hopewell, who is also currently chairman of Mancunians RL, based in the south of the city.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Go Go Power Rangers", "paragraph_text": "A cover of the song, performed by Noam Kaniel, has been used as the show's intro theme since 2011, starting with the 18th season of the franchise, Power Rangers Samurai. A rearrangement of Kaniel's version was used for 2013's Power Rangers Megaforce, revising some lyrics to reflect that season. Another rearrangement, again with revised lyrics, was later used for Power Rangers Dino Charge and Power Rangers Ninja Steel.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "List of New York Rangers seasons", "paragraph_text": "After missing the playoffs in the 1992 -- 93 season, the Rangers accumulated 112 points in the 1993 -- 94 season and won their second Presidents' Trophy. With a seven - game victory against the Vancouver Canucks in the 1994 Stanley Cup Finals, the Rangers ended a 54 - year Stanley Cup drought. After reaching the Eastern Conference Finals in 1997, the Rangers did not return to the playoffs until 2006. In the 2013 -- 14 season, the Rangers reached the Stanley Cup Finals for the first time in 20 years, defeating the Canadiens in the Eastern Conference Finals in six games before losing to the Los Angeles Kings in the championship series. New York earned its third Presidents' Trophy with a team record 113 points in 2014 -- 15, but was eliminated in the Conference Finals by the Tampa Bay Lightning. In the most recent season, 2017 -- 18, the Rangers finished last in the Metropolitan Division with 77 points and failed to reach the playoffs for the first time since the 2009 -- 10 season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "List of highest paid Major League Baseball players", "paragraph_text": "Rodriguez has signed two record - breaking contracts over the course of his career. First, he signed a $252 million, 10 - year contract with the Texas Rangers in December 2000 ($350,462,609 inflation - adjusted from 2000 dollars). Sandy Alderson called the deal ``stupefying '', while Sports Illustrated noted that Rodriguez's early salaries under the contract ($21 million) would be greater than the annual payroll of the entire Minnesota Twins team that year ($15.8 million). The deal was the largest sports contract in history, doubling the total value of Kevin Garnett's $126 million National Basketball Association contract (the previous record holder) and more than doubling Mike Hampton's $121 million contract, the previous MLB record which had been signed just days before. The Rangers later traded Rodriguez to the Yankees in exchange for Alfonso Soriano before the 2004 season, though they agreed to pay $67 million of the $179 million outstanding on the contract. Despite this, he opted out of the remainder of his deal after the 2007 season and renegotiated a new $275 million, 10 - year agreement with the Yankees, breaking his own record for the largest sports contract. Under this deal, Rodriguez also receives $6 million each if and when he ties the career home run totals of Willie Mays (660), Babe Ruth (714), Hank Aaron (755), and Barry Bonds (762), along with another $6 million for breaking Bonds' mark.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Zipp Newman", "paragraph_text": "Henry Hardin \"Zipp\" Newman (May 24, 1894 – March 3, 1977) was an early 20th-century American sportswriter. In 1919 he became the South's youngest sports editor at the \"Birmingham News\" and was to become the Dean of Southern sports writers. For 44 years he was the official scorer for baseball's \"AA\" Southern League. Newman was a correspondent for \"The Sporting News\" for many years, and became first associated with the Birmingham News in 1912. He started restricting his duties in 1959 when he became sports editor emeritus, but continued to write his column. Newman was elected to the Alabama Sports Hall of Fame in 1975, and started the institution as its first executive secretary.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Noel Price", "paragraph_text": "Price started his National Hockey League career with the Toronto Maple Leafs in 1958. He would also play for the New York Rangers, Detroit Red Wings, Montreal Canadiens, Los Angeles Kings, Pittsburgh Penguins and Atlanta Flames. He would retire after the 1976 season. He would win one Stanley Cup with Montreal in 1966.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "George Bunter", "paragraph_text": "George Bunter is an English former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1940s. He played at representative level for England, and at club level for Broughton Rangers and Dewsbury (World War II guest), as a , i.e. number 11 or 12, during the era of contested scrums.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Ford Ranger", "paragraph_text": "Since 1998, Ford began to use the Ranger nameplate globally. The Ranger was discontinued in the United States and Canada for the 2011 model year, while sales of an updated version continued in international markets throughout the 2012 to 2018 model years. As of the 2019 model year, Ford will resume sales of the Ford Ranger in the United States and Canada.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Brady Skjei", "paragraph_text": "Brady Skjei (; born March 26, 1994) is an American ice hockey defenseman, currently playing for the New York Rangers of the National Hockey League (NHL). Skjei was drafted by the Rangers in the first round, 28th overall of the 2012 National Hockey League (NHL) Entry Draft.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 501692, "question": "New Broughton Rangers >> sport", "answer": "rugby league", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 }, { "id": 12907, "question": "What year did #1 start?", "answer": "1895", "paragraph_support_idx": 2 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Zipp Newman", "paragraph_text": "Henry Hardin \"Zipp\" Newman (May 24, 1894 – March 3, 1977) was an early 20th-century American sportswriter. In 1919 he became the South's youngest sports editor at the \"Birmingham News\" and was to become the Dean of Southern sports writers. For 44 years he was the official scorer for baseball's \"AA\" Southern League. Newman was a correspondent for \"The Sporting News\" for many years, and became first associated with the Birmingham News in 1912. He started restricting his duties in 1959 when he became sports editor emeritus, but continued to write his column. Newman was elected to the Alabama Sports Hall of Fame in 1975, and started the institution as its first executive secretary.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Queens Sports Club", "paragraph_text": "Queens Sports Club Ground is a stadium in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. It is used primarily used for cricket matches. The stadium has a capacity of up to 13,000. The stadium is the home ground for the Matabeleland Tuskers, who are the current Logan Cup champions. The other Cricket ground in Bulawayo is the Bulawayo Athletic Club.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "AFL Grand Final", "paragraph_text": "The AFL Grand Final is an annual Australian rules football match, traditionally held on the final Saturday in September at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne, Australia, to determine the Australian Football League (AFL) premiers for that year. The game has become significant to Australian culture, spawning a number of traditions and surrounding activities which have grown in popularity since the interstate expansion of the Victorian Football League in the 1980s and the subsequent creation of the national AFL competition in the 1990s. The 2006 Sweeney Sports Report concluded that the AFL Grand Final has become Australia's most important sporting event, with the largest attendance, metropolitan television audience and overall interest of any annual Australian sporting event.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Cherno More Sports Complex", "paragraph_text": "The Cherno More Sports Complex is a football training ground located in the Asparuhovo district of Varna, Bulgaria. Cherno More Sports Complex is the home ground of the Reserves and Academy of PFC Cherno More Varna. The stadium is located below the Asparuhov Bridge and has a capacity of 1,500 spectators.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Ukraine at the 2000 Summer Olympics", "paragraph_text": "Ukraine competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia. 230 competitors, 139 men and 91 women, took part in 185 events in 23 sports.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "New South Wales Institute of Sport", "paragraph_text": "The New South Wales Institute of Sport (NSWIS), located at Sydney Olympic Park, was established as a statutory body under the Institute of Sport Act, 1995, following a review recommending central coordination and monitoring of high performance sports programs. Operations officially commenced in 1996. Today, the Institute has almost 700 athletes on squad or individual scholarships and offers 31 sport programs across 24 sports. The services ensure that NSWIS athletes have access to coaching and sports technology while also receiving tailored support to help balance their sporting commitments with personal development and a career.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "East Melbourne Cricket Ground", "paragraph_text": "The East Melbourne Cricket Ground was a grass oval sports venue located at the corner of Wellington Parade and Jolimont Parade, in East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Now part of Yarra Park and being adjacent to the Melbourne Cricket Ground, the site is most well known for playing host to many sporting events during the city of Melbourne's early existence, consisting mainly of Cricket & Australian Rules Football, and occasionally Association Football (soccer).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "Major sporting venues in New Delhi include the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, Ambedkar Stadium, Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium, Feroz Shah Kotla Ground, R.K. Khanna Tennis Complex, Dhyan Chand National Stadium and Siri Fort Sports Complex.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Birchgrove Park", "paragraph_text": "Birchgrove Park is a park and sports ground located in Birchgrove, New South Wales on the waterfront of Sydney Harbour. It is the location of Birchgrove Oval, the headquarters of the Sydney Cricket Club from 1897 to 1947 and a historic rugby league football ground which served as the original home of the Balmain Tigers club.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Penydarren Park", "paragraph_text": "Penydarren Park is a sports stadium in Merthyr Tydfil, Wales, that is the present home ground of Merthyr Town F.C.. Historically used for varying sports, it has been the home to two professional football teams, Merthyr Town and Merthyr Tydfil F.C.. It has a capacity of 4,500.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Oshman's Sporting Goods", "paragraph_text": "Oshman's Sporting Goods Former type Private Industry Retail Fate Acquired by Gart Sports Founded 1919; 99 years ago (1919) (as Oshman's Dry Goods); 1933; 85 years ago (1933) (as Oshman's Sporting Goods) Defunct 2005; 13 years ago (2005) Headquarters Houston, Texas Area served United States Key people J.S. ``Jake ''Oshman (founder) Products Apparel, sports equipment, footwear, exercise equipment Parent Gart Sports (2001 - 2005) Website Oshman's Sporting Goods (Archive)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "The Cliff (training ground)", "paragraph_text": "The Cliff is a sports ground in Broughton, Salford on the banks of the River Irwell, that was used as rugby league club Broughton Rangers' home ground until 1933. It was purchased by association football club Manchester United for use as their training ground. It continued to be used by United until 1999, when it was replaced by the Trafford Training Centre in Carrington. However, it continues to host some Manchester United academy matches, and it is sometimes used by Salford rugby league side as a training venue. As of 2018 The Cliff will be home to Manchester United Women.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Idrottsarvet", "paragraph_text": "Idrottsarvet: årets bok (en: \"Sports Heritage: Year Book\") () is a Swedish sport yearbook established in 1986. It is published annually by the Sports Museum of Gothenburg (Idrottsmuseet i Göteborg), and edited by Bo W. Karlsson.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Lancashire", "paragraph_text": "Lancashire produced well known teams in super league such as St Helens, Wigan, and Warrington. The county was once the focal point for many of the sport's professional competitions including the Lancashire League competition which ran from 1895 to 1970, and the Lancashire County Cup which was abandoned in 1993. Rugby League has also seen a representative fixture between Lancashire and Yorkshire contested 89 times since its inception in 1895. Currently there are several rugby league teams that are based within the ceremonial county which include Blackpool Panthers, East Lancashire Lions, Blackpool Sea Eagles, Bamber Bridge, Leyland Warriors, Chorley Panthers, Blackpool Stanley, Blackpool Scorpions and Adlington Rangers.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Hjorthagens IP", "paragraph_text": "Hjorthagens IP is a sports ground in Stockholm, Sweden. It has been used by Djurgårdens IF FF as practice ground. and by Djurgårdens IF Handikappfotbollförening as well as Värtans IK. In the wintertime ice skating is performed there.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Sydney Roosters", "paragraph_text": "In 2018, the Roosters finished in 1st place, claiming their 20th minor premiership. They beat the Sharks 21 - 12 in week one of the finals earning the week off. They then broke their preliminary final hoodoo beating rivals Rabbitohs 12 - 4 in what was the last sports match ever played at the Sydney Football Stadium. They managed to keep the Rabbitohs tryless and the crowd was the highest ever recorded in a sporting match at the Sydney Football Stadium with 44,380 people attending the match. They played the Storm in the Grand Final and won 21 - 6 to claim their 14th premiership.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Range Rover Sport", "paragraph_text": "The Range Rover Sport is a British luxury mid-size SUV made by Land Rover. The first generation (codename: L320) started production in 2004, and was replaced by the second generation Sport (codename: L494) in 2013.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Matich", "paragraph_text": "The Matich name was applied to a series of sports racing cars and open wheel racing cars produced in Australia between 1967 and 1974 under the direction of Sydney-based racing driver and engineer Frank Matich.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Giants Netball", "paragraph_text": "Giants Netball Founded 2016 Based in Sydney Regions Greater Western Sydney & Canberra Home venue Qudos Bank Arena (18,200) State Sports Centre (5,006) AIS Arena (5,000) Head coach Julie Fitzgerald Captain Kimberlee Green League Suncorp Super Netball 2018 placing 3rd Website www.giantsnetball.com.au", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Latvia at the 2000 Summer Olympics", "paragraph_text": "Latvia competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia. Latvia won their first summer Olympic gold medal at these games. 45 competitors, 30 men and 15 women, took part in 47 events in 13 sports.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 452011, "question": "Sydney Sports Ground >> sport", "answer": "rugby league", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 }, { "id": 12907, "question": "What year did #1 start?", "answer": "1895", "paragraph_support_idx": 13 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Ap Lo Chun", "paragraph_text": "Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Planet of the Apes (2001 film)", "paragraph_text": "Planet of the Apes is a 2001 American science fiction film directed by Tim Burton and starring Mark Wahlberg, Tim Roth, Helena Bonham Carter, Michael Clarke Duncan, Paul Giamatti, and Estella Warren. The sixth film produced in the \"Planet of the Apes\" franchise, it was loosely adapted from Pierre Boulle's 1963 novel of the same name and the 1968 film version. It tells the story of astronaut Leo Davidson crash-landing on a planet inhabited by intelligent apes. The apes treat humans as slaves, but with the help of an ape named Ari, Leo starts a rebellion.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Planet of the Apes", "paragraph_text": "Number Title Release date Director Continuity Planet of the Apes 000000001968 - 02 - 08 - 0000 February 8, 1968 Franklin J. Schaffner Original series Beneath the Planet of the Apes 000000001970 - 05 - 27 - 0000 May 27, 1970 Ted Post Escape from the Planet of the Apes 000000001971 - 05 - 21 - 0000 May 21, 1971 Don Taylor Conquest of the Planet of the Apes 000000001972 - 06 - 29 - 0000 June 29, 1972 J. Lee Thompson 5 Battle for the Planet of the Apes 000000001973 - 06 - 15 - 0000 June 15, 1973 6 Planet of the Apes 000000002001 - 07 - 27 - 0000 July 27, 2001 Tim Burton Remake 7 Rise of the Planet of the Apes 000000002011 - 08 - 05 - 0000 August 5, 2011 Rupert Wyatt Reboot series 8 Dawn of the Planet of the Apes 000000002014 - 07 - 11 - 0000 July 11, 2014 Matt Reeves 9 War for the Planet of the Apes 000000002017 - 07 - 14 - 0000 July 14, 2017", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Dawn of the Planet of the Apes", "paragraph_text": "Dawn of the Planet of the Apes is a 2014 American science fiction film directed by Matt Reeves and written by Mark Bomback, Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver. It stars Andy Serkis, Jason Clarke, Gary Oldman, Keri Russell, Toby Kebbell and Kodi Smit - McPhee. It is the sequel to the 2011 film Rise of the Planet of the Apes, which began 20th Century Fox's reboot of the original Planet of the Apes series. Dawn is set ten years after the events of Rise, and follows a group of people in San Francisco who struggle to stay alive in the aftermath of a plague that is wiping out humanity, while Caesar tries to maintain dominance over his community of intelligent apes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Dawn of the Planet of the Apes", "paragraph_text": "Dawn of the Planet of the Apes is a 2014 American science fiction film directed by Matt Reeves and written by Mark Bomback, Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver. It stars Andy Serkis, Jason Clarke, Gary Oldman, Keri Russell, Toby Kebbell, and Kodi Smit-McPhee. It is the sequel to the 2011 film \"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\", which began 20th Century Fox's reboot of the original \"Planet of the Apes\" series. \"Dawn\" is set ten years after the events of \"Rise\", and follows a group of people in San Francisco who struggle to stay alive in the aftermath of a plague that is wiping out humanity, while Caesar tries to maintain dominance over his community of intelligent apes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Rise of the Planet of the Apes", "paragraph_text": "Rise of the Planet of the Apes is a 2011 American science fiction film directed by Rupert Wyatt and starring James Franco, Freida Pinto, John Lithgow, Brian Cox, Tom Felton, David Oyelowo, and Andy Serkis. Written by Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver, it is 20th Century Fox's reboot of the Planet of the Apes series, intended to act as an origin story for a new series of films. Its premise is similar to the fourth film in the original series, Conquest of the Planet of the Apes (1972), but it is not a direct remake of that film.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "War for the Planet of the Apes", "paragraph_text": "War for the Planet of the Apes is a 2017 American science fiction film directed by Matt Reeves and written by Mark Bomback and Reeves. A sequel to Rise of the Planet of the Apes (2011) and Dawn of the Planet of the Apes (2014), it is the third installment in the Planet of the Apes reboot series. The film stars Andy Serkis, Woody Harrelson and Steve Zahn, and follows a confrontation between the apes, led by Caesar, and the humans for control of Earth. Like its predecessor, its premise shares several similarities to the fifth film in the original series, Battle for the Planet of the Apes, but it is not a direct remake.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Planet of the Apes", "paragraph_text": "Planet of the Apes is an American science fiction media franchise consisting of films, books, television series, comics, and other media about a world in which humans and intelligent apes clash for control. The series began with French author Pierre Boulle's 1963 novel La Planète des Singes, translated into English as Planet of the Apes or Monkey Planet. The 1968 film adaptation, Planet of the Apes, was a critical and commercial hit, initiating a series of sequels, tie - ins, and derivative works. Arthur P. Jacobs produced the series under APJAC Productions until his death in 1973; since then 20th Century Fox has owned the franchise.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Planet of the Apes", "paragraph_text": "Fox was confident enough in Dawn of the Planet of the Apes that the studio started planning for the next installment months before the film debuted. After Fox and Chernin Entertainment screened Matt Reeves' cut of Dawn, he was contracted to return as director; he also wrote the script with Mark Bomback. Peter Chernin, Dylan Clark, Rick Jaffa, and Amanda Silver again served as producers. Given a $150 million budget, War for the Planet of the Apes was released on July 14, 2017.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "List of Planet of the Apes characters", "paragraph_text": "Planet of the Apes character Zira Species Chimpanzee First appearance Planet of the Apes Last appearance Escape from the Planet of the Apes Created by Pierre Boulle Portrayed by Kim Hunter", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Planet of the Apes", "paragraph_text": "Planet of the Apes is an American science fiction media franchise consisting of films, books, television series, comics, and other media about a world in which humans and intelligent apes clash for control. The franchise is based on French author Pierre Boulle's 1963 novel La Planète des singes, translated into English as Planet of the Apes or Monkey Planet. Its 1968 film adaptation, Planet of the Apes, was a critical and commercial hit, initiating a series of sequels, tie - ins, and derivative works. Arthur P. Jacobs produced the first five Apes films through APJAC Productions for distributor 20th Century Fox; since his death in 1973, Fox has controlled the franchise.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Planet of the Apes", "paragraph_text": "The producers were confident enough in Dawn of the Planet of the Apes that they started planning for the next installment before production had completed. They contracted Matt Reeves to return as director after seeing his cut of Dawn; he also wrote the script with Mark Bomback. Peter Chernin, Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver serve as producers. The film, War for the Planet of the Apes, was released on July 14, 2017. Woody Harrelson and Gabriel Chavarria played human characters, while Steve Zahn played Bad Ape. The film received overwhelmingly positive reviews.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Planet of the Apes", "paragraph_text": "The producers were confident enough in Dawn of the Planet of the Apes that they started planning for the next installment before production had completed. They contracted Matt Reeves to return as director after seeing his cut of Dawn; he also wrote the script with Mark Bomback. Peter Chernin, Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver serve as producers. The film, War for the Planet of the Apes, was released on July 14, 2017. Woody Harrelson and Gabriel Chavarria played human characters, while Steve Zahn played Bad Ape. The film received overwhelmingly positive reviews. It earned $490,567,967 against a $150 million budget.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Meilyr ap Gwalchmai", "paragraph_text": "Meilyr ap Gwalchmai (fl. second half of the 12th century) was the son of the Welsh poet Gwalchmai ap Meilyr (fl. 1130 - 1180) and brother of another poet, Einion ap Gwalchmai. His surviving work is religious in nature.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "College football national championships in NCAA Division I FBS", "paragraph_text": "School Championships Seasons Alabama 12 1961, 1964, 1965 (AP), 1973 (Coaches), 1978 (AP), 1979, 1992, 2009, 2011, 2012, 2015, 2017 Notre Dame 8 1943, 1946, 1947, 1949, 1966, 1973 (AP), 1977, 1988 Oklahoma 7 1950, 1955, 1956, 1974 (AP), 1975, 1985, 2000 USC 7 1962, 1967, 1972, 1974 (Coaches), 1978 (Coaches), 2003 (AP), 2004 (AP) † Ohio State 6 1942, 1954 (AP), 1957 (Coaches), 1968, 2002, 2014 Miami (FL) 5 1983, 1987, 1989, 1991 (AP), 2001 Nebraska 5 1970 (AP), 1971, 1994, 1995, 1997 (Coaches) Minnesota 1936, 1940, 1941, 1960 Texas 1963, 1969, 1970 (Coaches), 2005 Florida 1996, 2006, 2008 Florida State 1993, 1999, 2013 LSU 1958, 2003 (Coaches), 2007 Army 1944, 1945 (AP) Auburn 1957 (AP), 2010 Clemson 1981, 2016 Michigan 1948, 1997 (AP) Michigan State 1952, 1965 (Coaches) Penn State 1982, 1986 Pittsburgh 1937, 1976 Tennessee 1951, 1998 BYU 1984 Colorado 1990 (AP) Georgia 1980 Georgia Tech 1990 (Coaches) Maryland 1953 Oklahoma State 1945 (Coaches) ‡ Syracuse 1959 TCU 1938 Texas A&M 1939 UCLA 1954 (Coaches) Washington 1991 (Coaches)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "List of Planet of the Apes characters", "paragraph_text": "Ari was the daughter of Senator Sandar, a high - ranking member of the Ape Senate. She was portrayed by Helena Bonham Carter", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 16, "title": "List of Planet of the Apes characters", "paragraph_text": "Caesar (birth name: Milo) is a fictional character in the Planet of the Apes franchise. He is the leader and later ruler of the apes in both the original and the 2011 reboot series. He does not appear in the 2001 film.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Planet of the Apes", "paragraph_text": "Planet of the Apes Created by Pierre Boulle Original work La Planète des singes (1963) Print publications Novel (s) La Planète des singes (1963) Comics List of comics Films and television Film (s) Original series Planet of the Apes (1968) Beneath the Planet of the Apes (1970) Escape from the Planet of the Apes (1971) Conquest of the Planet of the Apes (1972) Battle for the Planet of the Apes (1973) Remake Planet of the Apes (2001) Reboot series Rise of the Planet of the Apes (2011) Dawn of the Planet of the Apes (2014) War for the Planet of the Apes (2017) Television series Planet of the Apes (1974) Return to the Planet of the Apes (1975 -- 1976) Games Video game (s) Planet of the Apes (2001) Revenge of the Apes (2003) Planet of the Apes: Last Frontier (2017)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "War for the Planet of the Apes", "paragraph_text": "War for the Planet of the Apes is a 2017 American science fiction film directed by Matt Reeves and written by Mark Bomback and Reeves. A sequel to \"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\" (2011) and \"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\" (2014), it is the third installment in the \"Planet of the Apes\" reboot series. The film stars Andy Serkis, Woody Harrelson and Steve Zahn, and follows a confrontation between the apes, led by Caesar, and the humans for control of Earth. Like its predecessor, its premise shares several similarities to the fifth film in the original series, \"Battle for the Planet of the Apes\", but it is not a direct remake.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "College football national championships in NCAA Division I FBS", "paragraph_text": "School Championships Seasons Alabama 11 1961, 1964, 1965 (AP), 1973 (Coaches), 1978 (AP), 1979, 1992, 2009, 2011, 2012, 2015 Notre Dame 8 1943, 1946, 1947, 1949, 1966, 1973 (AP), 1977, 1988 Oklahoma 7 1950, 1955, 1956, 1974 (AP), 1975, 1985, 2000 USC 7 1962, 1967, 1972, 1974 (Coaches), 1978 (Coaches), 2003 (AP), 2004 (AP) * Ohio State 6 1942, 1954 (AP), 1957 (Coaches), 1968, 2002, 2014 Miami (FL) 5 1983, 1987, 1989, 1991 (AP), 2001 Nebraska 5 1970 (AP), 1971, 1994, 1995, 1997 (Coaches) Minnesota 1936, 1940, 1941, 1960 Texas 1963, 1969, 1970 (Coaches), 2005 Florida 1996, 2006, 2008 Florida State 1993, 1999, 2013 LSU 1958, 2003 (Coaches), 2007 Army 1944, 1945 (AP) Auburn 1957 (AP), 2010 Clemson 1981, 2016 Michigan 1948, 1997 (AP) Michigan State 1952, 1965 (Coaches) Penn State 1982, 1986 Pittsburgh 1937, 1976 Tennessee 1951, 1998 BYU 1984 Colorado 1990 (AP) Georgia 1980 Georgia Tech 1990 (Coaches) Maryland 1953 Oklahoma State 1945 (Coaches) * * Syracuse 1959 TCU 1938 Texas A&M 1939 UCLA 1954 (Coaches) Washington 1991 (Coaches)", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 45324, "question": "who played the woman ape in planet of the apes", "answer": "Helena Bonham Carter", "paragraph_support_idx": 15 }, { "id": 576533, "question": "#1 >> spouse", "answer": "Tim Burton", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Don't Come Around Here No More", "paragraph_text": "The music video is themed around Alice in Wonderland and was directed by Jeff Stein. Dave Stewart appears as the caterpillar at the beginning, sitting on a mushroom with a hookah water pipe while playing a sitar. Petty appears in the video dressed as The Mad Hatter, and actress Louise ``Wish ''Foley played Alice. At the end of the video, Alice, who has been turned into a cake, is eaten by Petty and even friends of her own, and then a final shot of her being swallowed whole by Petty, after which he gives a small burp and pats his mouth dry.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Hatter (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)", "paragraph_text": "The Hatter appears in Tim Burton's 2010 version of Alice in Wonderland portrayed by Johnny Depp and given the name Tarrant Hightopp. In the film, the Hatter takes Alice toward the White Queen's castle and relates the terror of the Red Queen's reign while commenting that Alice is not the same as she once was. The Hatter subsequently helps Alice avoid capture by the Red Queen's guards by allowing himself to be seized instead. He is later saved from execution by the Cheshire Cat and calls for rebellion against the Red Queen. Near the end of the film, the Hatter unsuccessfully suggests to Alice that she could stay in Wonderland and consummate his feelings for her.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Through the Looking-Glass", "paragraph_text": "Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There (1871) (also known as \"Alice through the Looking-Glass\" or simply \"Through the Looking-Glass\") is a novel by Lewis Carroll and the sequel to \"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\" (1865). Alice again enters a fantastical world, this time by climbing through a mirror into the world that she can see beyond it. There she finds that, just like a reflection, everything is reversed, including logic (running helps you remain stationary, walking away from something brings you towards it, chessmen are alive, nursery rhyme characters exist, etc) \"Through the Looking-Glass\" includes such verses as \"Jabberwocky\" and \"The Walrus and the Carpenter\", and the episode involving Tweedledum and Tweedledee. The mirror which inspired Carroll remains displayed in Charlton Kings.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland", "paragraph_text": "Chapter Twelve -- Alice's Evidence: Alice is then called up as a witness. She accidentally knocks over the jury box with the animals inside them and the King orders the animals be placed back into their seats before the trial continues. The King and Queen order Alice to be gone, citing Rule 42 (``All persons more than a mile high to leave the court ''), but Alice disputes their judgement and refuses to leave. She argues with the King and Queen of Hearts over the ridiculous proceedings, eventually refusing to hold her tongue. The Queen shouts her familiar`` Off with her head!'' but Alice is unafraid, calling them out as just a pack of cards; just as they start to swarm over her. Alice's sister wakes her up from a dream, brushing what turns out to be some leaves and not a shower of playing cards from Alice's face. Alice leaves her sister on the bank to imagine all the curious happenings for herself.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "ArchEnemy", "paragraph_text": "ArchEnemy is a 2009 science-fiction and fantasy novel by Frank Beddor and the third novel of the Looking Glass Wars trilogy. The book was published on October 15, 2009 by Dial Press and is heavily inspired by Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Alice in Wonderland (2010 film)", "paragraph_text": "Helena Bonham Carter as Iracebeth of Crims, the Red Queen. She is an amalgamation of two Carroll characters: the Red Queen and the Queen of Hearts. Her first name is a play on the word irascible because she is easily irritated, obstreperous, impatient, and quick to anger. Bonham Carter's head was digitally increased to three times its original size on screen. The character hates animals, and chooses to use them as servants and furniture. It is implied that the Red Queen beheaded her former husband, the King. The actress took inspiration from her young daughter Nell, a toddler, stating that, ``The Red Queen is just like a toddler, because she's got a big head and she's a tyrant. ''", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Kathryn Beaumont", "paragraph_text": "Kathryn Beaumont (born 27 June 1938) is an English actress, voice actress, singer and school teacher. She is best known for providing Disney animated films with the voices of both Alice in Alice in Wonderland (1951) and Wendy Darling in Peter Pan (1953), for which she was named a Disney Legend in 1998. Walt Disney personally cast Beaumont after seeing the film On an Island with You (1948), in which she had a small role. Beaumont reprised her voice acting role as Alice in two episodes of the animated series Disney's House of Mouse (2001 -- 2003) and as both Alice and Wendy in the 2002 video game Kingdom Hearts.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Planet of the Apes (2001 film)", "paragraph_text": "Planet of the Apes is a 2001 American science fiction film directed by Tim Burton and starring Mark Wahlberg, Tim Roth, Helena Bonham Carter, Michael Clarke Duncan, Paul Giamatti, and Estella Warren. The sixth film produced in the \"Planet of the Apes\" franchise, it was loosely adapted from Pierre Boulle's 1963 novel of the same name and the 1968 film version. It tells the story of astronaut Leo Davidson crash-landing on a planet inhabited by intelligent apes. The apes treat humans as slaves, but with the help of an ape named Ari, Leo starts a rebellion.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Buckingham Palace", "paragraph_text": "Before Prince Albert's death, the palace was frequently the scene of musical entertainments, and the greatest contemporary musicians entertained at Buckingham Palace. The composer Felix Mendelssohn is known to have played there on three occasions. Johann Strauss II and his orchestra played there when in England. Strauss's \"Alice Polka\" was first performed at the palace in 1849 in honour of the queen's daughter, Princess Alice. Under Victoria, Buckingham Palace was frequently the scene of lavish costume balls, in addition to the usual royal ceremonies, investitures and presentations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Blanche of Anjou", "paragraph_text": "Blanche of Anjou (1280 – 14 October 1310) was Queen of Aragon as the second spouse of King James II. She was a member of the Capetian House of Anjou, she is also known as \"Blanche of Naples\". She served as Regent or \"Queen-Lieutenant\" of Aragon during the absence of her spouse in 1310.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Alice in Wonderland (1903 film)", "paragraph_text": "Alice in Wonderland is a 1903 British silent film directed by Cecil Hepworth and Percy Stow. Only one copy of the original film is known to exist. The British Film Institute (BFI) partially restored the movie and its original film tinting and released it in 2010. According to BFI, the original film ran about 12 minutes; the restoration runs 9 minutes and 35 seconds. At the beginning of the restoration, it states that this is the first movie adaptation of Lewis Carroll's children's book Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Aliya bint Ali", "paragraph_text": "Queen Aliya bint Ali of Hejaz (1911 – 21 December 1950), was an Arabian princess and a queen consort of Iraq. She was the spouse and first cousin of King Ghazi of Iraq and the queen mother of King Faisal II of Iraq. She was the last Queen of Iraq.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Hatter (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)", "paragraph_text": "The Hatter character, alongside all the other fictional beings, first appears in Lewis Carroll's 1865 novel Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. In it, the Hatter explains to Alice that he and the March Hare are always having tea because when he tried to sing for the foul - tempered Queen of Hearts, she sentenced him to death for ``murdering the time '', but he escapes decapitation. In retaliation, time (referred to as a`` he'' in the novel) halts himself in respect to the Hatter, keeping him and the March Hare stuck at 18: 00 (or 6: 00 pm) forever.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Alice's Curious Labyrinth", "paragraph_text": "Alice's Curious Labyrinth is a hedge maze attraction at the Disneyland Park within Disneyland Paris. It opened in 1992 with the Park, and belongs to the British part of Fantasyland. A similar maze attraction, based on both the 1951 and 2010 Disney film adaptations of Lewis Carroll's \"Alice in Wonderland\", exists at Shanghai Disneyland Park.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Red Queen (Through the Looking-Glass)", "paragraph_text": "The 2010 live - action film Alice in Wonderland, fashioned as a sequel to the novel, features Helena Bonham Carter as the Red Queen. Bonham Carter's head was digitally increased three times its original size on screen. Bonham Carter's character is a combination of the Red Queen, the Duchess and the Queen of Hearts. From the original Red Queen, this character gets only a relationship to the White Queen. Here the Red Queen is the older sister of the White Queen, and is jealous of her sister, whom her subjects genuinely love. From the original John Tenniel illustrations of the Duchess, she gets a massive head in proportion to her body and a retinue of frog footmen. The White Queen theorizes that the movie's Red Queen has a tumor pressing against her brain, explaining both her large head and her deranged behaviour. Most of her characteristics are taken from the Queen of Hearts, including:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Mock Turtle", "paragraph_text": "The Mock Turtle is a fictional character devised by Lewis Carroll from his popular book \"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\". Its name is taken from a dish that was popular in the Victorian period, mock turtle soup.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert", "paragraph_text": "The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert is a 1994 Australian comedy - drama film written and directed by Stephan Elliott. The plot follows two drag queens played by Hugo Weaving and Guy Pearce and a transgender woman, played by Terence Stamp, as they journey across the Australian Outback from Sydney to Alice Springs in a tour bus that they have named ``Priscilla '', along the way encountering various groups and individuals. The film's title references the slang term`` queen'' for a drag queen or female impersonator.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "American McGee's Alice", "paragraph_text": "American McGee's Alice is a third-person psychological horror action-adventure platform video game released for PC on December 6, 2000. The game, developed by Rogue Entertainment and published by Electronic Arts, is an unofficial sequel to Lewis Carroll's Alice novels. It was designed by American McGee and features music composed by Chris Vrenna.The game uses the id Tech 3 game engine. A PlayStation 2 port was in development and planned for a release sometime around 2001 but was canceled. Set years after Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass, the game features an older, more cynical and macabre incarnation of Alice. As of 22 July 2010, American McGee's Alice has sold over 1.5 million copies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Mount Alice (British Columbia)", "paragraph_text": "Mount Alice is a mountain located at the Queens Reach arm of the Jervis Inlet within the Pacific Ranges of the Coast Mountains in British Columbia Canada. The mountain was named during the 1860 survey by who charted all of the known area and named the mountain after HRH Alice Maud Mary who was the third child of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "March Hare", "paragraph_text": "March Hare Alice character The March Hare. Illustration by John Tenniel. First appearance Alice's Adventures in Wonderland Last appearance Through the Looking - Glass Created by Lewis Carroll Information Aliases Haigha Species Hare Gender Male Occupation Host of the Mad Tea Party Messenger Significant other (s) The Hatter The Dormouse Nationality Wonderland", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 48330, "question": "who plays queen of hearts in alice in wonderland", "answer": "Helena Bonham Carter", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 }, { "id": 576533, "question": "#1 >> spouse", "answer": "Tim Burton", "paragraph_support_idx": 7 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Beowulf", "paragraph_text": "The poem is set in Scandinavia. Beowulf, a hero of the Geats, comes to the aid of Hrothgar, the king of the Danes, whose mead hall in Heorot has been under attack by a monster known as Grendel. After Beowulf slays him, Grendel's mother attacks the hall and is then also defeated. Victorious, Beowulf goes home to Geatland (Götaland in modern Sweden) and later becomes king of the Geats. After a period of fifty years has passed, Beowulf defeats a dragon, but is mortally wounded in the battle. After his death, his attendants cremate his body and erect a tower on a headland in his memory.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Portugal", "paragraph_text": "Pelayos' plan was to use the Cantabrian mountains as a place of refuge and protection from the invading Moors. He then aimed to regroup the Iberian Peninsula's Christian armies and use the Cantabrian mountains as a springboard from which to regain their lands from the Moors. In the process, after defeating the Moors in the Battle of Covadonga in 722 AD, Pelayos was proclaimed king, thus founding the Christian Kingdom of Asturias and starting the war of Christian reconquest known in Portuguese as the Reconquista Cristã.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "King Khalid Foundation", "paragraph_text": "The King Khalid Foundation is a charitable organization established in Saudi Arabia in 2001 by the family of the late King Khalid, who ruled the country from 1975 until his death in 1982.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Notulu", "paragraph_text": "Notulu I was queen consort as a wife of King Ngombala of the Lozi people. She was starved to death by one of his successors, King Mwananyanda Liwale. Her father was named Mwiyawamatende.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Cammie King", "paragraph_text": "Cammie King As ``Bonnie Blue Butler ''in Gone With the Wind (1939) Eleanore Cammack King (1934 - 08 - 05) August 5, 1934 Los Angeles, California, U.S. September 1, 2010 (2010 - 09 - 01) (aged 76) Fort Bragg, California, U.S. Cause of death Lung cancer Resting place Holy Cross Cemetery, Culver City Occupation Actress Years active 1939 -- 1942", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Table Mountain (Kings County, California)", "paragraph_text": "Table Mountain is a mountain located in the Diablo Range in California on the boundary between Kings and Monterey counties. It rises to an elevation of and is the highest point in Kings County. A large 500 kV power line, connected to Path 15, runs to the north of the summit. A little snow falls on the mountain during the winter.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Classical music", "paragraph_text": "Certain staples of classical music are often used commercially (either in advertising or in movie soundtracks). In television commercials, several passages have become clichéd, particularly the opening of Richard Strauss' Also sprach Zarathustra (made famous in the film 2001: A Space Odyssey) and the opening section \"O Fortuna\" of Carl Orff's Carmina Burana, often used in the horror genre; other examples include the Dies Irae from the Verdi Requiem, Edvard Grieg's In the Hall of the Mountain King from Peer Gynt, the opening bars of Beethoven's Symphony No. 5, Wagner's Ride of the Valkyries from Die Walküre, Rimsky-Korsakov's Flight of the Bumblebee, and excerpts of Aaron Copland's Rodeo.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Duncan Tucker", "paragraph_text": "Tucker was born in Arizona and graduated from New York University. After the short subject film \"The Mountain King\", which was screened at over 31 international festivals, he wrote and directed his first feature film, \"Transamerica\". His book \"Many Fish\" is published by Ascent, and his photos and pictures are exhibited at many New York art galleries.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "King George Hall, Colombo", "paragraph_text": "The King George Hall (KGH) of the University of Colombo in Colombo is one of the oldest theatres of Sri Lanka. Built the mid-1920s following the establishment of the University College Colombo it was meant function as a theater, lecture hall and venue for many university functions, a purpose it serves to this day.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Beowulf", "paragraph_text": "The story is set in Scandinavia. Beowulf, a hero of the Geats, comes to the aid of Hrothgar, the king of the Danes, whose mead hall in Heorot has been under attack by a monster known as Grendel. After Beowulf slays him, Grendel's mother attacks the hall and is then also defeated. Victorious, Beowulf goes home to Geatland (Götaland in modern Sweden) and later becomes king of the Geats. After a period of fifty years has passed, Beowulf defeats a dragon, but is mortally wounded in the battle. After his death, his attendants cremate his body and erect a tower on a headland in his memory.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Visbur", "paragraph_text": "Visbur or Wisbur (Old Norse \"Certain/Undoubted Son\") in Scandinavian mythology was a king of the House of Ynglings and the son of Vanlandi. He was burned to death inside his hall by the arson of two of his own sons in revenge for rejecting their mother and denying them their heritage. He was succeeded by his son Dómaldi.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Maze Runner (film series)", "paragraph_text": "In March 2015, T.S. Nowlin, who co-wrote the first and wrote the second film, was hired to write Maze Runner: The Death Cure based on the novel The Death Cure. In September 2015, Ball was hired to direct the film. Ball said that the film would not be split into two films. Principal photography took place in Cape Town, South Africa between March and June 2017 for a January 26, 2018 release.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "After the Ball (play)", "paragraph_text": "After the Ball is a play by Australian playwright David Williamson, published by Currency Press in 1997. Williamson wrote the play in response to his mother's death.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "The Body Has a Head", "paragraph_text": "The Body Has a Head is an album by King Missile frontman John S. Hall, released exclusively in Germany in 1996. Though billed as a Hall \"solo album,\" the collection features considerable input from multi-instrumentalists Sasha Forte, Bradford Reed, and Jane Scarpantoni, all of whom would become members of the next incarnation of King Missile (\"King Missile III\") and contribute to that group's \"debut\" album, 1998's \"Failure.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Hall Nunatak", "paragraph_text": "Hall Nunatak () is a small nunatak about southeastward of Thomas Nunatak, situated along the ice escarpment at the head of Minnesota Glacier, in the Ellsworth Mountains of Antarctica. It was named by the University of Minnesota Geological Party to these mountains (1963–64) for George S. Hall, a helicopter crew chief with the US Army 62nd Transportation Corps Detachment, who assisted the party.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Griegprisen", "paragraph_text": "Griegprisen (established 1972 in Bergen, Norway) is awarded by the «Edvard Grieg Museum Troldhaugen» to a Norwegian musician, conductor or musicologist who in a special way have communicated the music of Edvard Grieg. It has also been awarded an extraordinary five times to people who have made a special effort to Edvard Grieg and Troldhaugen. The prize is awarded every year on the birthday of Edvard Grieg, 15 June.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Both Sides, Now", "paragraph_text": "Mitchell wrote ``Both Sides, Now ''in March 1967, inspired by a passage in Henderson the Rain King, a 1959 novel by Saul Bellow.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Death and the King's Horseman", "paragraph_text": "Death and the King's Horseman is a play by Wole Soyinka based on a real incident that took place in Nigeria during British colonial rule: the horseman of a Yoruba King was prevented from committing ritual suicide by the colonial authorities. In addition to the British intervention, Soyinka calls the horseman's own conviction toward suicide into question, posing a problem that throws off the community's balance.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Evelyn Beatrice Hall", "paragraph_text": "Evelyn Beatrice Hall (28 September 1868 -- 13 April 1956), who wrote under the pseudonym S.G. Tallentyre, was an English writer best known for her biography of Voltaire entitled The Life of Voltaire, first published in 1903. She also wrote The Friends of Voltaire, which she completed in 1906.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Lulach", "paragraph_text": "Lulach was the son of Gruoch of Scotland, from her first marriage to Gille Coemgáin, Mormaer of Moray, and thus the stepson of Macbeth (Mac Bethad mac Findlaích). Following the death of Macbeth at the Battle of Lumphanan on 15 August 1057, the king's followers placed Lulach on the throne. He has the distinction of being the first king of Scotland of whom there are coronation details available: he was crowned, probably on 8 September 1057 at Scone. Lulach appears to have been a weak king, as his nicknames suggest, and ruled only for a few months before being assassinated and usurped by Malcolm III.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 8479, "question": "Who wrote in the Hall of the Mountain King?", "answer": "Edvard Grieg", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 }, { "id": 792738, "question": "#1 >> place of death", "answer": "Bergen", "paragraph_support_idx": 15 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Kakamega", "paragraph_text": "Kakamega Forest is the main tourist destination in the area. Another attraction is the Crying Stone of Ilesi located along the highway towards Kisumu. It is a 40 metres high rock dome resembling a human figure whose ``eyes ''drop water.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Planet of the Apes (2001 film)", "paragraph_text": "Planet of the Apes is a 2001 American science fiction film directed by Tim Burton and starring Mark Wahlberg, Tim Roth, Helena Bonham Carter, Michael Clarke Duncan, Paul Giamatti, and Estella Warren. The sixth film produced in the \"Planet of the Apes\" franchise, it was loosely adapted from Pierre Boulle's 1963 novel of the same name and the 1968 film version. It tells the story of astronaut Leo Davidson crash-landing on a planet inhabited by intelligent apes. The apes treat humans as slaves, but with the help of an ape named Ari, Leo starts a rebellion.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Their Eyes Were Watching God", "paragraph_text": "Their Eyes Were Watching God is a 1937 novel and the best known work by African-American writer Zora Neale Hurston. The novel explores main character Janie Crawford's \"ripening from a vibrant, but voiceless, teenage girl into a woman with her finger on the trigger of her own destiny.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "The Off Season", "paragraph_text": "The Off Season is a 2004 independent horror film directed by James Felix McKenney and produced by Larry Fessenden's Glass Eye Pix. It was filmed in Old Orchard Beach, Maine and distributed through Lionsgate Home Entertainment.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Alcohol laws of Wisconsin", "paragraph_text": "The drinking age in Wisconsin is 21. Those under the legal drinking age may be served, possess, or consume alcohol if they are with a parent, legal guardian, or spouse who is of legal drinking age. Those age 18 - 20 may also be served, possess or consume alcohol if they are with a parent, legal guardian, or spouse who is of legal drinking age. Those age 18 to 20 may also possess (but not consume) alcohol as part of their employment.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Jagunço", "paragraph_text": "A Jagunço (), from the Portuguese \"zarguncho\" (a weapon of African origin, similar to a short lance or \"chuzo\"), is a armed hand or bodyguard, usually hired by big farmers and \"colonels\" in the backlands of Brazil, especially in the Northern regions. They were hired to protect their employer, big land owner against invaders and feudal enemies, and also to control their slaves and indentured servants. Some farmers formed their own private militias with a number of heavily armed jagunços. There were also free-lancing or mercenary jagunços, who could be hired for temporary conflicts, as vigilantes, or for contract murders. Local folklore says that jagunços with yellow eyes were particularly fearsome and efficient.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Sexual orientation", "paragraph_text": "Gay and lesbian people can have sexual relationships with someone of the opposite sex for a variety of reasons, including the desire for a perceived traditional family and concerns of discrimination and religious ostracism. While some LGBT people hide their respective orientations from their spouses, others develop positive gay and lesbian identities while maintaining successful heterosexual marriages. Coming out of the closet to oneself, a spouse of the opposite sex, and children can present challenges that are not faced by gay and lesbian people who are not married to people of the opposite sex or do not have children.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Louis Nelson Delisle", "paragraph_text": "\"Big Eye\" Louis Nelson Delisle (28 January 1885 – 20 August 1949) was an early twentieth-century Dixieland jazz clarinetist in New Orleans, Louisiana. He also played double bass, banjo, and accordion.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "The Twilight Zone", "paragraph_text": "Actor Leonardo DiCaprio is planning to make a new movie with Warner Bros., citing The Twilight Zone as his favorite TV series. Unlike the first film, which was an anthology feature, it will be a big - budget, SFX - laden continuous story possibly based on classic episodes of the series such as ``The Eye of the Beholder '',`` To Serve Man'', or any of the 92 scripts written by Rod Serling, to which Warner Bros. owns the rights. One plot leaked from the script tells about a pilot who time - travels 96 years into the future. Cloverfield director Matt Reeves was signed in 2011 to direct the movie, but left in 2012 to direct Dawn of the Planet of the Apes. On August 16, 2013, Joseph Kosinski was announced to direct. The studio hired Aron Eli Coleite to pen the screenplay for the film and will not be an anthology but use various elements from the Twilight Zone universe. In June 2017, Christine Lavaf was hired to pen the script.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Big Eyes", "paragraph_text": "Big Eyes is a 2014 American biographical drama film directed by Tim Burton, written by Scott Alexander and Larry Karaszewski and starring Amy Adams and Christoph Waltz. The film is about the life of American artist Margaret Keane—famous for drawing portraits and paintings with big eyes. It follows the story of Margaret and her husband, Walter Keane, who took credit for Margaret's phenomenally successful and popular paintings in the 1950s and 1960s. It follows the lawsuit and trial between Margaret and Walter, after Margaret reveals she is the true artist behind the paintings.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle", "paragraph_text": "Bobby Cannavale as Russel Van Pelt, an archeologist - turned - mercenary and an enemy of Smolder Bravestone. He tries to retrieve the Jaguar's Eye, whose power possesses him. Rhys Darby as Nigel Billingsley, the main guide. William Tokarsky as a food vendor. Rohan Chand as a young guide at the bazaar.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Richard Barringer", "paragraph_text": "Richard 'Dick' Edward Barringer (born November 21, 1937) is an American politician and writer from Maine. Barringer served as Director of Public Lands in Maine from 1973-1975, when he was appointed Conservation Commissioner. In 1994, Barringer ran for Governor of Maine as a Democrat, finishing in third place in the primary. He is the author of \"The Maine Manifest\" and \"Changes\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Social Security (United States)", "paragraph_text": "Originally the benefits received by retirees were not taxed as income. Beginning in tax year 1984, with the Reagan - era reforms to repair the system's projected insolvency, retirees with incomes over $25,000 (in the case of married persons filing separately who did not live with the spouse at any time during the year, and for persons filing as ``single ''), or with combined incomes over $32,000 (if married filing jointly) or, in certain cases, any income amount (if married filing separately from the spouse in a year in which the taxpayer lived with the spouse at any time) generally saw part of the retiree benefits subject to federal income tax. In 1984, the portion of the benefits potentially subject to tax was 50%. The Deficit Reduction Act of 1993 set the portion to 85%.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Sentimental Journey: The Girl Singer and Her New Big Band", "paragraph_text": "Sentimental Journey: The Girl Singer and Her New Big Band is a 2001 album by Rosemary Clooney. This was Clooney's last studio recording. Clooney sings on the album with Big Kahuna and the Copa Cat Pack, a 12-piece swing band led by musician Matt Catingub. Clooney's longtime musical director John Oddo arranged and conducted the music. Clooney and Big Kahuna and the Copa Cat Pack recorded the album following a lengthy performance run at New York's Regency Hotel.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Big Basin Prairie Preserve", "paragraph_text": "The Big Basin Prairie Preserve is a nature preserve owned and managed by the Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks. The preserve is in the Red Hills near Ashland in Clark County, Kansas. The main features are St. Jacob's Well, a water-filled sinkhole which lies in the Little Basin, and the Big Basin, a lush mile-wide crater-like depression, also resulting from a sinkhole. The area is stocked with buffalo and is open to the public.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Olavum Theeravum", "paragraph_text": "Olavum Theeravum (\"Waves and the Shore\") is a 1970 Malayalam-language film directed by P. N. Menon and written by M. T. Vasudevan Nair based on his own short story of the same title, published in an anthology of short stories in 1957. The story is about a Muslim trader who falls in love with his dead friend's sister who is the daughter of a prostitute. But the girl's mother forces her to marry a wealthy man who has an eye on her. She rejects him but is raped by him and commits suicide. The film was produced by P. A. Backer, who later turned director, under the banner of Charuchithra.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Moon in the Gutter", "paragraph_text": "Although it immediately followed Beineix's big, commercial success \"Diva\" and featured two very big stars, Gérard Depardieu and Nastassja Kinski, \"The Moon in the Gutter\" was not well received by critics or audiences and failed at the box office with only 625,000 admissions in France. Its vivid visual style was noted by critics. It preceded a much better-appreciated cult success from the same director, known in the US and UK as \"Betty Blue\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Soledad Román de Núñez", "paragraph_text": "Soledad Román de Núñez (1835-1924) was the first lady of Colombia in 1880-82, 1884–88 and 1892, by her marriage to president Rafael Núñez. She is considered to have wielded a considerable influence in policy and participated in state affairs in Colombia during the presidencies of her spouse more than any other woman in Colombia before her. She is credited with the victory of the government in the conflict of 1885, as well as the concordat of 1887. She was a controversial figure, because her marriage was not recognized by the Catholic church, as the wedding had been civil, as her spouse's first wife was still alive and he was still married to her in the eyes of the Catholic church.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Marcella Rovena", "paragraph_text": "Marcella Rovena (January 22, 1905 – October 6, 1991) was an Italian film and voice actress. Born in Conegliano, she started her career on the big screen in 1932 with director Nunzio Malasomma in the film \"La telefonista\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Angel Eyes (film)", "paragraph_text": "Angel Eyes is a 2001 American romantic drama film directed by Luis Mandoki and starring Jennifer Lopez, Jim Caviezel, and Jeremy Sisto. Written by Gerald Di Pego, the film is about a mysterious man who finds himself drawn to a female police officer with whom he forms a relationship that helps each to deal with trauma from their past. The original music score was composed by Marco Beltrami. The film received ALMA Award Nominations for Outstanding Actress (Jennifer Lopez) and Outstanding Director (Luis Mandoki).", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 116292, "question": "The main director of Big Eyes was who?", "answer": "Tim Burton", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 }, { "id": 423632, "question": "#1 >> spouse", "answer": "Helena Bonham Carter", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "Unicode can be implemented by different character encodings. The most commonly used encodings are UTF-8, UTF-16 and the now-obsolete UCS-2. UTF-8 uses one byte for any ASCII character, all of which have the same code values in both UTF-8 and ASCII encoding, and up to four bytes for other characters. UCS-2 uses a 16-bit code unit (two 8-bit bytes) for each character but cannot encode every character in the current Unicode standard. UTF-16 extends UCS-2, using one 16-bit unit for the characters that were representable in UCS-2 and two 16-bit units (4 × 8 bits) to handle each of the additional characters.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "Other international standards bodies have ratified character encodings such as ISO/IEC 646 that are identical or nearly identical to ASCII, with extensions for characters outside the English alphabet and symbols used outside the United States, such as the symbol for the United Kingdom's pound sterling (£). Almost every country needed an adapted version of ASCII, since ASCII suited the needs of only the USA and a few other countries. For example, Canada had its own version that supported French characters. Other adapted encodings include ISCII (India), VISCII (Vietnam), and YUSCII (Yugoslavia). Although these encodings are sometimes referred to as ASCII, true ASCII is defined strictly only by the ANSI standard.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "The X3.2 subcommittee designed ASCII based on the earlier teleprinter encoding systems. Like other character encodings, ASCII specifies a correspondence between digital bit patterns and character symbols (i.e. graphemes and control characters). This allows digital devices to communicate with each other and to process, store, and communicate character-oriented information such as written language. Before ASCII was developed, the encodings in use included 26 alphabetic characters, 10 numerical digits, and from 11 to 25 special graphic symbols. To include all these, and control characters compatible with the Comité Consultatif International Téléphonique et Télégraphique (CCITT) International Telegraph Alphabet No. 2 (ITA2) standard, Fieldata, and early EBCDIC, more than 64 codes were required for ASCII.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Baudot code", "paragraph_text": "The Baudot code , invented by Émile Baudot, is a character set predating EBCDIC and ASCII. It was the predecessor to the International Telegraph Alphabet No. 2 (ITA2), the teleprinter code in use until the advent of ASCII. Each character in the alphabet is represented by a series of five bits, sent over a communication channel such as a telegraph wire or a radio signal. The symbol rate measurement is known as baud, and is derived from the same name.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Fooblitzky", "paragraph_text": "Fooblitzky is a board game-style computer game published by Infocom in 1985 and designed by a team including interactive fiction authors Marc Blank and Michael Berlyn. It is unique among Infocom titles for not being interactive fiction and for being the first to incorporate graphics beyond ASCII characters. Like most Infocom titles, it was written in highly portable ZIL, but was only made available for the Apple II, IBM PC, and the Atari 8-bit family. It was not ported to the most popular home computer of the time, the Commodore 64.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "Unicode has become the dominant scheme for internal processing and storage of text. Although a great deal of text is still stored in legacy encodings, Unicode is used almost exclusively for building new information processing systems. Early adopters tended to use UCS-2 (the fixed-width two-byte precursor to UTF-16) and later moved to UTF-16 (the variable-width current standard), as this was the least disruptive way to add support for non-BMP characters. The best known such system is Windows NT (and its descendants, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Vista and Windows 7), which uses UTF-16 as the sole internal character encoding. The Java and .NET bytecode environments, Mac OS X, and KDE also use it for internal representation. Unicode is available on Windows 95 through Microsoft Layer for Unicode, as well as on its descendants, Windows 98 and Windows ME.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Microsoft Software Assurance", "paragraph_text": "Access to exclusive software products: Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs, Windows Vista Enterprise Edition, Windows 7 Enterprise Edition, Windows 8 Enterprise Edition and Microsoft Desktop Optimization Pack are only available to Software Assurance customers", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "With the other special characters and control codes filled in, ASCII was published as ASA X3.4-1963, leaving 28 code positions without any assigned meaning, reserved for future standardization, and one unassigned control code.:66, 245 There was some debate at the time whether there should be more control characters rather than the lowercase alphabet.:435 The indecision did not last long: during May 1963 the CCITT Working Party on the New Telegraph Alphabet proposed to assign lowercase characters to columns 6 and 7, and International Organization for Standardization TC 97 SC 2 voted during October to incorporate the change into its draft standard. The X3.2.4 task group voted its approval for the change to ASCII at its May 1963 meeting. Locating the lowercase letters in columns 6 and 7 caused the characters to differ in bit pattern from the upper case by a single bit, which simplified case-insensitive character matching and the construction of keyboards and printers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Null-terminated string", "paragraph_text": "In computer programming, a null-terminated string is a character string stored as an array containing the characters and terminated with a null character (codice_1, called NUL in ASCII). Alternative names are C string, which refers to the C programming language and ASCIIZ (although C can use encodings other than ASCII).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "For example, character 10 represents the \"line feed\" function (which causes a printer to advance its paper), and character 8 represents \"backspace\". RFC 2822 refers to control characters that do not include carriage return, line feed or white space as non-whitespace control characters. Except for the control characters that prescribe elementary line-oriented formatting, ASCII does not define any mechanism for describing the structure or appearance of text within a document. Other schemes, such as markup languages, address page and document layout and formatting.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "MIME defines two different mechanisms for encoding non-ASCII characters in email, depending on whether the characters are in email headers (such as the \"Subject:\"), or in the text body of the message; in both cases, the original character set is identified as well as a transfer encoding. For email transmission of Unicode the UTF-8 character set and the Base64 or the Quoted-printable transfer encoding are recommended, depending on whether much of the message consists of ASCII-characters. The details of the two different mechanisms are specified in the MIME standards and generally are hidden from users of email software.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "ASCII (i/ˈæski/ ASS-kee), abbreviated from American Standard Code for Information Interchange, is a character-encoding scheme (the IANA prefers the name US-ASCII). ASCII codes represent text in computers, communications equipment, and other devices that use text. Most modern character-encoding schemes are based on ASCII, though they support many additional characters. ASCII was the most common character encoding on the World Wide Web until December 2007, when it was surpassed by UTF-8, which is fully backward compatibe to ASCII.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "Thousands of fonts exist on the market, but fewer than a dozen fonts—sometimes described as \"pan-Unicode\" fonts—attempt to support the majority of Unicode's character repertoire. Instead, Unicode-based fonts typically focus on supporting only basic ASCII and particular scripts or sets of characters or symbols. Several reasons justify this approach: applications and documents rarely need to render characters from more than one or two writing systems; fonts tend to demand resources in computing environments; and operating systems and applications show increasing intelligence in regard to obtaining glyph information from separate font files as needed, i.e., font substitution. Furthermore, designing a consistent set of rendering instructions for tens of thousands of glyphs constitutes a monumental task; such a venture passes the point of diminishing returns for most typefaces.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "The code itself was patterned so that most control codes were together, and all graphic codes were together, for ease of identification. The first two columns (32 positions) were reserved for control characters.:220, 236 § 8,9) The \"space\" character had to come before graphics to make sorting easier, so it became position 20hex;:237 § 10 for the same reason, many special signs commonly used as separators were placed before digits. The committee decided it was important to support uppercase 64-character alphabets, and chose to pattern ASCII so it could be reduced easily to a usable 64-character set of graphic codes,:228, 237 § 14 as was done in the DEC SIXBIT code. Lowercase letters were therefore not interleaved with uppercase. To keep options available for lowercase letters and other graphics, the special and numeric codes were arranged before the letters, and the letter A was placed in position 41hex to match the draft of the corresponding British standard.:238 § 18 The digits 0–9 were arranged so they correspond to values in binary prefixed with 011, making conversion with binary-coded decimal straightforward.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "Originally based on the English alphabet, ASCII encodes 128 specified characters into seven-bit integers as shown by the ASCII chart on the right. The characters encoded are numbers 0 to 9, lowercase letters a to z, uppercase letters A to Z, basic punctuation symbols, control codes that originated with Teletype machines, and a space. For example, lowercase j would become binary 1101010 and decimal 106. ASCII includes definitions for 128 characters: 33 are non-printing control characters (many now obsolete) that affect how text and space are processed and 95 printable characters, including the space (which is considered an invisible graphic:223).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "ASCII was incorporated into the Unicode character set as the first 128 symbols, so the 7-bit ASCII characters have the same numeric codes in both sets. This allows UTF-8 to be backward compatible with 7-bit ASCII, as a UTF-8 file containing only ASCII characters is identical to an ASCII file containing the same sequence of characters. Even more importantly, forward compatibility is ensured as software that recognizes only 7-bit ASCII characters as special and does not alter bytes with the highest bit set (as is often done to support 8-bit ASCII extensions such as ISO-8859-1) will preserve UTF-8 data unchanged.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Westminster Abbey", "paragraph_text": "At the east end of the Lady Chapel is a memorial chapel to the airmen of the RAF who were killed in the Second World War. It incorporates a memorial window to the Battle of Britain, which replaces an earlier Tudor stained glass window destroyed in the war.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Windows 98", "paragraph_text": "Windows 98 is not designed to handle more than 1.0 GB of RAM without changes. Workarounds and third-party patches are available to fix this shortcoming.Both Windows 98 and Windows 98 Second Edition have problems running on hard drives bigger than 32 GB and certain Phoenix BIOS settings. A software update fixed this shortcoming. In addition, until Windows XP with Service Pack 1, Windows was unable to handle hard drives that are over 137 GB in size with the default drivers, because of missing 48-bit Logical Block Addressing support. While Microsoft never officially fixed this issue, unofficial patches are available to fix this shortcoming in Windows 9x, although the author stated that data corruption is possible and did not guarantee that it would work as expected.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "RPG Maker 2000", "paragraph_text": "RPG Maker 2000 (RM2K) is the second Microsoft Windows version of the RPG Maker series of programs developed by Enterbrain and published by ASCII.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "From early in its development, ASCII was intended to be just one of several national variants of an international character code standard, ultimately published as ISO/IEC 646 (1972), which would share most characters in common but assign other locally useful characters to several code points reserved for \"national use.\" However, the four years that elapsed between the publication of ASCII-1963 and ISO's first acceptance of an international recommendation during 1967 caused ASCII's choices for the national use characters to seem to be de facto standards for the world, causing confusion and incompatibility once other countries did begin to make their own assignments to these code points.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 13398, "question": "ASCII was incorporated into what other character set?", "answer": "Unicode", "paragraph_support_idx": 15 }, { "id": 25986, "question": "What is #1 available through Windows on?", "answer": "Microsoft Layer", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 } ]

[ "MS", "Microsoft" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Applewood Farm", "paragraph_text": "Applewood Farm is a farmstead in Ledyard, Connecticut, United States. Constructed in 1826 by Russel Gallup, the farmhouse was built with a colonial center chimney design with Federal style details that has been modernized to the early 20th century without significantly changing the floor plan. Named after the apple orchards planted by Russel Gallup, Applewood Farm developed significantly under the ownership of Everett Gallup, the last member of the family to own the property. The property was later owned by Arlene Meyer Cohen and a 40-acre parcel was sold off in November 1984. After the Betz family became the owners it was added to the National Register of Historic Places and operated as a bed and breakfast through the 1990s. In 1987, the property included five contributory structures, the farmhouse, corn crib, barn, silo and chicken coop. The property also has one non-contributing structure, a machinery shed from the 1960s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Shamishi", "paragraph_text": "Shamishi are semolina fried pies that have been produced in Cyprus since at least the 19th century and they are considered a traditional delicacy of the cuisine of Cyprus. Shamishi are known as a dessert that is served hot in special occasions such as weddings and local religious feasts usually along with loukoumades and water and it is a variety of fried pastry filled with halva and semolina. In addition to halva and semolina, shamishi includes ingredients like flour, water, sugar, mastic, oil (corn or groundnut oil), salt, among others.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Aachener Printen", "paragraph_text": "Aachener Printen are a type of Lebkuchen originating from the city of Aachen in Germany. Somewhat similar to gingerbread, Printen were originally sweetened with honey, but for two centuries the tradition is to use a syrup made from sugar beets.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Maple syrup", "paragraph_text": "Until the 1930s, the United States produced most of the world's maple syrup. Today, after rapid growth in the 1990s, Canada produces more than 80 percent of the world's maple syrup, producing about 73,000,000 litres (19,000,000 US gal) in 2016. The vast majority of this comes from the province of Quebec, which is the world's largest producer, with about 70 percent of global production.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Corned beef", "paragraph_text": "Corned beef was used as a substitute for bacon by Irish - American immigrants in the late 19th century. Corned beef and cabbage is the Irish - American variant of the Irish dish of bacon and cabbage. A similar dish is the New England boiled dinner, consisting of corned beef, cabbage, and root vegetables such as carrots, turnips, and potatoes, which is popular in New England and another similar dish, Jiggs dinner, is popular in parts of Atlantic Canada.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Changes (David Bowie song)", "paragraph_text": "``Changes ''Single by David Bowie from the album Hunky Dory B - side`` Andy Warhol'' Released 7 January 1972 Format 7 ''single Recorded Trident Studios, London, summer 1971 Genre Art pop, glam rock Length 3: 33 Label RCA Records 2160 Songwriter (s) David Bowie Producer (s) Ken Scott, David Bowie David Bowie singles chronology ``Moonage Daydream'' (1971)`` Changes ''(1972) ``Starman'' (1972)`` Moonage Daydream ''(Arnold Corns) (1971) ``Changes'' (1972)`` Starman ''(1972) Hunky Dory track listing ``Changes'' (1)`` Oh! You Pretty Things ''(2) Alternative cover Music video ``Changes'' (Live) on YouTube", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Imelletty perunalaatikko", "paragraph_text": "Sweetened potato casserole (Finnish \"imelletty perunalaatikko\") is a traditional Finnish dish from Päijät-Häme, eaten elsewhere in Finland at Christmastime. It is prepared by letting puréed potatoes, mixed with wheat flour, stand at a temperature of around 50°C (122°F). The amylase in the flour will start to break down the potato’s starches to shorter carbohydrate chains, that is sugars. The temperature cannot exceed 75°C (167°F); otherwise, the amylase molecules will break down. Through this process, the dish gets its distinct sweet flavour; nowadays, however, dark syrup (Finnish \"tumma siirappi\") can be added to give it sweetness. Dark syrup is made from sugarcane and it's the most common type of syrup in Finland. It has a similar taste to molasses, but is sweeter.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Red", "paragraph_text": "During the summer growing season, phosphate is at a high level. It has a vital role in the breakdown of the sugars manufactured by chlorophyll. But in the fall, phosphate, along with the other chemicals and nutrients, moves out of the leaf into the stem of the plant. When this happens, the sugar-breakdown process changes, leading to the production of anthocyanin pigments. The brighter the light during this period, the greater the production of anthocyanins and the more brilliant the resulting color display. When the days of autumn are bright and cool, and the nights are chilly but not freezing, the brightest colorations usually develop.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Sippin' on Some Syrup", "paragraph_text": "``Sippin 'on Some Syrup ''Single by Three 6 Mafia featuring UGK and Project Pat from the album When the Smoke Clears: Sixty 6, Sixty 1 Released February 6, 2000 Format CD single, 12'' Recorded 1999 Genre Hip hop Length 4: 24 Label Loud Songwriter (s) Paul Beauregard, Chad L. Butler, Bernard Freeman, Jordan Houston Producer (s) DJ Paul, Juicy J Three 6 Mafia singles chronology``' Who Run It? '''(2000) ``Sippin' on Some Syrup'' (2000)`` 'Stay Fly' ''(2005) Who Run It? (2000) Sippin 'on Some Syrup (2000) Stay Fly (2005)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar", "paragraph_text": "The Pepsi - Cola Made with Real Sugar, formerly called Throwback, is a brand of soft drink sold by PepsiCo in the United States and in sweet stores in South Australia for its flagship Pepsi and Mountain Dew brands. The drinks, called Pepsi Throwback and Mountain Dew Throwback, are named as such because they are flavored with cane sugar and beet sugar instead of high fructose corn syrup, which soft drink companies used to replace sugar (in their North American products) in the 1980s. In addition, these drinks use retro packaging. As of June 2014, Pepsi Throwback has been replaced in one area of the United States by ``Pepsi - Cola Made with Real Sugar '', a new product formulation, also made without high fructose corn syrup.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Corning Museum of Glass", "paragraph_text": "The Corning Museum of Glass is a museum in Corning, New York dedicated to the art, history and science of glass. It was founded in 1951 by Corning Glass Works and currently has a collection of more than 50,000 glass objects, some over 3,500 years old.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Some Like It Hot", "paragraph_text": "Once in Miami, Joe woos Sugar by assuming a second disguise as a millionaire named Junior, the heir to Shell Oil, while feigning disinterest in Sugar. An actual millionaire, the much - married aging mama's boy Osgood Fielding III, (Joe E. Brown) tries repeatedly to pick up Daphne, who rebuffs him. Osgood invites Daphne for a champagne supper on his yacht. Joe convinces Daphne to keep Osgood occupied onshore so that Junior can take Sugar to Osgood's yacht, passing it off as his. Once on the yacht, Junior explains to Sugar that, due to psychological trauma, he is impotent and frigid, but that he would marry anyone who could change that. Sugar tries to arouse some sexual response in Junior, and begins to succeed. Meanwhile, Daphne and Osgood dance the tango (``La Cumparsita '') till dawn. When Joe and Jerry get back to the hotel, Jerry explains that Osgood has proposed marriage to Daphne and that he, as Daphne, has accepted, anticipating an instant divorce and huge cash settlement when his ruse is revealed. Joe convinces Jerry that he can not actually marry Osgood.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Izze", "paragraph_text": "Izze (pronounced iz-ee) is the brand name of a line of carbonated juice drinks produced by the IZZE Beverage Company in Boulder, Colorado, which is owned by PepsiCo. The drinks consist of 70% fruit juice from concentrate, and 30% seltzer water. Izze does not contain added preservatives.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Corn production in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Iowa, the largest producer of corn in the US, grows three times as much corn as Mexico. Iowa harvested 3,548 acres (1,436 ha) of sweet corn in 2007. In 2011, the state had 92,300 corn farms on 30,700,000 acres (12,400,000 ha), the average size being 333 acres (135 ha), and the average dollar value per acre being US $6,708. In the same year, there were 13.7 million harvested acres of corn for grain, producing 2.36 billion bushels, which yielded 172.0 bu / acre, with US $14.5 billion of corn value of production. Almost 1.88 billion bushels of corn were grown in the state in 2012 on 13.7 million acres of land, while the 2013 projections are 2.45 billion bushels of corn on 13.97 million acres of land.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Cornelis Schut III", "paragraph_text": "Cornelio Schut or Cornelis Schut III (alternative names: Cornelis Escut III, Cornelis Scut III, Cornelio Schut el Mozo, Cornelio Schut el joven) (c. 1629 – 1685) was a Flemish painter who was active in Seville, Spain during his entire career. He was one of the leading Flemish painters working at that time in Seville and he was very close in style to Murillo.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Eva Mendes", "paragraph_text": "Eva de la Caridad Méndez (born March 5, 1974), known professionally as Eva Mendes, is an American actress, model and businesswoman. She began acting in the late 1990s. After a series of roles in B movies such as Children of the Corn V: Fields of Terror (1998) and Urban Legends: Final Cut (2000), she made a career - changing appearance in Training Day (2001). Since then, Mendes has co-starred in films such as All About the Benjamins, 2 Fast 2 Furious, Ghost Rider, We Own the Night, Stuck on You, Hitch, and The Other Guys.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "W40CN-D", "paragraph_text": "W40CN-D is a low-power Class A television station in Sugar Grove, Illinois, United States, owned by Waubonsee Community College, a community college serving the Aurora area. Programming includes distance education telecourses from the college.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Maple liqueur", "paragraph_text": "Maple liqueur refers to various alcoholic products made from maple syrup, primarily in the Northeast United States and Canada. It is most commonly made by mixing Canadian rye whiskey and Canadian maple syrup. Maple liqueur is considered an important cultural beverage in certain Canadian festivals.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Prince of Wales (cocktail)", "paragraph_text": "The Prince of Wales is a cocktail created by Albert Edward, Prince of Wales, who later becomes King Edward VII. There are several variations of the cocktail, but what they usually have in common is champagne, angostura bitters, sugar (or simple syrup), either rye whiskey or cognac, and a liqueur.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "High-fructose corn syrup", "paragraph_text": "High - fructose corn syrup (HFCS) (also called glucose - fructose, isoglucose and glucose - fructose syrup) is a sweetener made from corn starch that has been processed by glucose isomerase to convert some of its glucose into fructose. HFCS was first marketed in the early 1970s by the Clinton Corn Processing Company, together with the Japanese Agency of Industrial Science and Technology where the enzyme was discovered in 1965.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 358881, "question": "Izze >> owned by", "answer": "Pepsi", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 }, { "id": 89145, "question": "when did #1 change from sugar to corn syrup", "answer": "the 1980s", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "ASCII (i/ˈæski/ ASS-kee), abbreviated from American Standard Code for Information Interchange, is a character-encoding scheme (the IANA prefers the name US-ASCII). ASCII codes represent text in computers, communications equipment, and other devices that use text. Most modern character-encoding schemes are based on ASCII, though they support many additional characters. ASCII was the most common character encoding on the World Wide Web until December 2007, when it was surpassed by UTF-8, which is fully backward compatibe to ASCII.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "With the other special characters and control codes filled in, ASCII was published as ASA X3.4-1963, leaving 28 code positions without any assigned meaning, reserved for future standardization, and one unassigned control code.:66, 245 There was some debate at the time whether there should be more control characters rather than the lowercase alphabet.:435 The indecision did not last long: during May 1963 the CCITT Working Party on the New Telegraph Alphabet proposed to assign lowercase characters to columns 6 and 7, and International Organization for Standardization TC 97 SC 2 voted during October to incorporate the change into its draft standard. The X3.2.4 task group voted its approval for the change to ASCII at its May 1963 meeting. Locating the lowercase letters in columns 6 and 7 caused the characters to differ in bit pattern from the upper case by a single bit, which simplified case-insensitive character matching and the construction of keyboards and printers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "Originally based on the English alphabet, ASCII encodes 128 specified characters into seven - bit integers as shown by the ASCII chart above. Ninety - five of the encoded characters are printable: these include the digits 0 to 9, lowercase letters a to z, uppercase letters A to Z, and punctuation symbols. In addition, the original ASCII specification included 33 non-printing control codes which originated with Teletype machines; most of these are now obsolete.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Baudot code", "paragraph_text": "The Baudot code , invented by Émile Baudot, is a character set predating EBCDIC and ASCII. It was the predecessor to the International Telegraph Alphabet No. 2 (ITA2), the teleprinter code in use until the advent of ASCII. Each character in the alphabet is represented by a series of five bits, sent over a communication channel such as a telegraph wire or a radio signal. The symbol rate measurement is known as baud, and is derived from the same name.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "ASCII itself was first used commercially during 1963 as a seven-bit teleprinter code for American Telephone & Telegraph's TWX (TeletypeWriter eXchange) network. TWX originally used the earlier five-bit ITA2, which was also used by the competing Telex teleprinter system. Bob Bemer introduced features such as the escape sequence. His British colleague Hugh McGregor Ross helped to popularize this work – according to Bemer, \"so much so that the code that was to become ASCII was first called the Bemer-Ross Code in Europe\". Because of his extensive work on ASCII, Bemer has been called \"the father of ASCII.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "User State Migration Tool", "paragraph_text": "The User State Migration Tool (USMT) is a Microsoft command line utility program intended to allow advanced users, comfortable with Scripting languages, to transfer files and settings between PCs. This task is also performed by Windows Easy Transfer, recommended for general users. USMT supports the high - volume, automated deployment of files and settings from Microsoft Windows versions 2000, XP, Vista and Windows 7 and is useful in migrating user settings and files during OS upgrades. 32 - bit to 64 - bit migrations are supported, but 64 - bit to 32 - bit are not.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Null-terminated string", "paragraph_text": "In computer programming, a null-terminated string is a character string stored as an array containing the characters and terminated with a null character (codice_1, called NUL in ASCII). Alternative names are C string, which refers to the C programming language and ASCIIZ (although C can use encodings other than ASCII).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "Originally based on the English alphabet, ASCII encodes 128 specified characters into seven-bit integers as shown by the ASCII chart on the right. The characters encoded are numbers 0 to 9, lowercase letters a to z, uppercase letters A to Z, basic punctuation symbols, control codes that originated with Teletype machines, and a space. For example, lowercase j would become binary 1101010 and decimal 106. ASCII includes definitions for 128 characters: 33 are non-printing control characters (many now obsolete) that affect how text and space are processed and 95 printable characters, including the space (which is considered an invisible graphic:223).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "MIME defines two different mechanisms for encoding non-ASCII characters in email, depending on whether the characters are in email headers (such as the \"Subject:\"), or in the text body of the message; in both cases, the original character set is identified as well as a transfer encoding. For email transmission of Unicode the UTF-8 character set and the Base64 or the Quoted-printable transfer encoding are recommended, depending on whether much of the message consists of ASCII-characters. The details of the two different mechanisms are specified in the MIME standards and generally are hidden from users of email software.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Noetherian topological space", "paragraph_text": "In mathematics, a Noetherian topological space, named for Emmy Noether, is a topological space in which closed subsets satisfy the descending chain condition. Equivalently, we could say that the open subsets satisfy the ascending chain condition, since they are the complements of the closed subsets. It can also be shown to be equivalent that every open subset of such a space is compact, and in fact the seemingly stronger statement that \"every\" subset is compact.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "Unicode can be implemented by different character encodings. The most commonly used encodings are UTF-8, UTF-16 and the now-obsolete UCS-2. UTF-8 uses one byte for any ASCII character, all of which have the same code values in both UTF-8 and ASCII encoding, and up to four bytes for other characters. UCS-2 uses a 16-bit code unit (two 8-bit bytes) for each character but cannot encode every character in the current Unicode standard. UTF-16 extends UCS-2, using one 16-bit unit for the characters that were representable in UCS-2 and two 16-bit units (4 × 8 bits) to handle each of the additional characters.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Fooblitzky", "paragraph_text": "Fooblitzky is a board game-style computer game published by Infocom in 1985 and designed by a team including interactive fiction authors Marc Blank and Michael Berlyn. It is unique among Infocom titles for not being interactive fiction and for being the first to incorporate graphics beyond ASCII characters. Like most Infocom titles, it was written in highly portable ZIL, but was only made available for the Apple II, IBM PC, and the Atari 8-bit family. It was not ported to the most popular home computer of the time, the Commodore 64.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "Thousands of fonts exist on the market, but fewer than a dozen fonts—sometimes described as \"pan-Unicode\" fonts—attempt to support the majority of Unicode's character repertoire. Instead, Unicode-based fonts typically focus on supporting only basic ASCII and particular scripts or sets of characters or symbols. Several reasons justify this approach: applications and documents rarely need to render characters from more than one or two writing systems; fonts tend to demand resources in computing environments; and operating systems and applications show increasing intelligence in regard to obtaining glyph information from separate font files as needed, i.e., font substitution. Furthermore, designing a consistent set of rendering instructions for tens of thousands of glyphs constitutes a monumental task; such a venture passes the point of diminishing returns for most typefaces.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "Several subsets of Unicode are standardized: Microsoft Windows since Windows NT 4.0 supports WGL-4 with 652 characters, which is considered to support all contemporary European languages using the Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic script. Other standardized subsets of Unicode include the Multilingual European Subsets: MES-1 (Latin scripts only, 335 characters), MES-2 (Latin, Greek and Cyrillic 1062 characters) and MES-3A & MES-3B (two larger subsets, not shown here). Note that MES-2 includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 14, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "From early in its development, ASCII was intended to be just one of several national variants of an international character code standard, ultimately published as ISO/IEC 646 (1972), which would share most characters in common but assign other locally useful characters to several code points reserved for \"national use.\" However, the four years that elapsed between the publication of ASCII-1963 and ISO's first acceptance of an international recommendation during 1967 caused ASCII's choices for the national use characters to seem to be de facto standards for the world, causing confusion and incompatibility once other countries did begin to make their own assignments to these code points.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "ASCII was incorporated into the Unicode character set as the first 128 symbols, so the 7-bit ASCII characters have the same numeric codes in both sets. This allows UTF-8 to be backward compatible with 7-bit ASCII, as a UTF-8 file containing only ASCII characters is identical to an ASCII file containing the same sequence of characters. Even more importantly, forward compatibility is ensured as software that recognizes only 7-bit ASCII characters as special and does not alter bytes with the highest bit set (as is often done to support 8-bit ASCII extensions such as ISO-8859-1) will preserve UTF-8 data unchanged.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 16, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "The X3.2 subcommittee designed ASCII based on the earlier teleprinter encoding systems. Like other character encodings, ASCII specifies a correspondence between digital bit patterns and character symbols (i.e. graphemes and control characters). This allows digital devices to communicate with each other and to process, store, and communicate character-oriented information such as written language. Before ASCII was developed, the encodings in use included 26 alphabetic characters, 10 numerical digits, and from 11 to 25 special graphic symbols. To include all these, and control characters compatible with the Comité Consultatif International Téléphonique et Télégraphique (CCITT) International Telegraph Alphabet No. 2 (ITA2) standard, Fieldata, and early EBCDIC, more than 64 codes were required for ASCII.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "Unicode defines two mapping methods: the Unicode Transformation Format (UTF) encodings, and the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) encodings. An encoding maps (possibly a subset of) the range of Unicode code points to sequences of values in some fixed-size range, termed code values. The numbers in the names of the encodings indicate the number of bits per code value (for UTF encodings) or the number of bytes per code value (for UCS encodings). UTF-8 and UTF-16 are probably the most commonly used encodings. UCS-2 is an obsolete subset of UTF-16; UCS-4 and UTF-32 are functionally equivalent.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Windows 8", "paragraph_text": "Microsoft began an advertising campaign centered around Windows 8 and its Surface tablet in October 2012, starting with its first television advertisement premiering on October 14, 2012. Microsoft's advertising budget of US$1.5–1.8 billion was significantly larger than the US$200 million campaign used to promote Windows 95. As part of its campaign, Microsoft set up 34 pop-up stores inside malls (primarily focusing on Surface), provided training for retail employees in partnership with Intel, and collaborated with the electronics store chain Best Buy to design expanded spaces to showcase devices. In an effort to make retail displays of Windows 8 devices more \"personal\", Microsoft also developed a character known in English-speaking markets as \"Allison Brown\", whose fictional profile (including personal photos, contacts, and emails) is also featured on demonstration units of Windows 8 devices.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "RPG Maker 2000", "paragraph_text": "RPG Maker 2000 (RM2K) is the second Microsoft Windows version of the RPG Maker series of programs developed by Enterbrain and published by ASCII.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 13398, "question": "ASCII was incorporated into what other character set?", "answer": "Unicode", "paragraph_support_idx": 15 }, { "id": 25981, "question": "What subset of #1 is used by Windows?", "answer": "WGL-4 with 652 characters", "paragraph_support_idx": 13 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Kimballton, Virginia", "paragraph_text": "Kimballton is an unincorporated community in Giles County, Virginia, United States. Kimballton is located on Stony Creek, northeast of Pearisburg. Virginia Tech's Kimballton Underground Research Facility, a low-background physics laboratory, is located in a limestone mine in Kimballton.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Persis Drell", "paragraph_text": "Persis S. Drell is an American physicist best known for her expertise in the field of particle physics. She was the director of the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory from 2007 to 2012. She was dean of the Stanford University School of Engineering from 2014 until 2017. Drell became the Provost of Stanford University on February 1, 2017.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "2018 Winter Olympics torch relay", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 Winter Olympics torch relay began 24 October 2017 and ended on 9 February 2018, in advance of the 2018 Winter Olympics. After being lit in Olympia, Greece, the torch traveled to Athens on 31 October. The torch began its Korean journey on 1 November, visiting all Regions of Korea. The Korean leg began in Incheon: the torch travelled across the country for 101 days. 7,500 relay runners participated in the torch relay over a distance of 2,017 km. The torchbearers each carried the flame for 200 metres. The relay ended in Pyeongchang's Olympic Stadium, the main venue of the 2018 Olympics. The final torch was lit by figure skater Yuna Kim.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Melvin Schwartz", "paragraph_text": "In the 1970s he founded and became president of Digital Pathways. In 1972 he published a textbook on classical electrodynamics that has become a standard reference for intermediate and advanced students for its particularly clear exposition of the basic physical principles of the theory. In 1991, he became Associate Director of High Energy and Nuclear Physics at Brookhaven National Laboratory. At the same time, he rejoined the Columbia faculty as Professor of Physics. He became I. I. Rabi Professor of Physics in 1994 and retired as Rabi Professor Emeritus in 2000. He spent his retirement years in Ketchum, Idaho, and died August 28, 2006 at a Twin Falls, Idaho, nursing home after struggling with Parkinson's disease and hepatitis C.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Michale Fee", "paragraph_text": "Michale Fee received a B.E. with honors in Engineering Physics from the School of Engineering at the University of Michigan (1985). He received a Ph.D. in Applied Physics from Stanford University (1992), where he conducted his thesis work in the laboratory of Steven Chu. From September 1992–June 1996 he was a postdoctoral fellow at Bell Laboratories in the Biological Computation Research Department, where he worked in the laboratory of David Kleinfeld on the cortical circuitry in the vibrissa system of the rat underlying the sense of touch.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Seibert Q. Duntley", "paragraph_text": "He started the Visibility Laboratory at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1939/40. It was the brainchild of Duntley and MIT physics chair Dr. Arthur C. Hardy. It was focused on applying optics to such problems as camouflage, misdirection of aerial bombardment, target location, visibility of submerged objects at sea. In 1952, Roger Revelle and Quimby Duntley agreed that the laboratory would become part of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in San Diego, and the U.S. Navy Bureau of Ships agreed to pay for the move. The work of the laboratory centered on the transmission of visible light through the atmosphere and water and the related problems of image formation and recognition. The nature of much of the research required measurements of the optical properties of the ocean or atmosphere for which no instruments existed. As a result of these requirements, many unique and very specialized instruments were developed by the laboratory, many of which were based on concepts or optical designs devised by Duntley. He earned the academic rank of Professor in 1966 and taught at Scripps Institution of Oceanography and at the Department of Applied Physics and Information Science (APIS) at UCSD until his retirement.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Brosl Hasslacher", "paragraph_text": "Brosl Hasslacher obtained a bachelor's in physics from Harvard University in 1962. He did his Ph.D. with D.Z. Freeman and C.N. Yang at the State University of New York at Stony Brook. After having several postdoctoral and research positions at Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, Caltech, ENS in Paris, and CERN, he settled for more than twenty years at the Theoretical Division of the Los Alamos National Laboratory. There he was involved in theoretical, experimental, and numerical work in theoretical physics, high-energy physics, nonlinear dynamics, fluid dynamics, nanotechnology, and robotics.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "National Physical Laboratory of India", "paragraph_text": "The National Physical Laboratory of India, situated in New Delhi, is the measurement standards laboratory of India. It maintains standards of SI units in India and calibrates the national standards of weights and measures.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Alfred Mueller", "paragraph_text": "Mueller studied at Iowa State University, receiving a Bachelor's Degree in 1961 and in 1965 completed his PhD at MIT. He then served until 1971 as a post-doc at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Since 1972 he has been at Columbia University. He was also a visiting scientist at the Institute for Advanced Study (1975), at the nuclear research centers in Saclay, the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics at the University of California, Santa Barbara, New York University, and at SLAC.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Alenush Terian", "paragraph_text": "Teriān graduated in 1947 in the Science Department of University of Tehran. She began her career in the physics laboratory of this university and was elected the chief of laboratory operations in the same year.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Melmalayanur", "paragraph_text": "Melmalayanur is located near Gingee, Tamil Nadu, India, 21 km from chetput (Tiruvannamalai District) and 21 km away from Gingee (Villupuram District) It is famous for the Goddess Angalaamman. Across from Southern India devotee use to visit.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay", "paragraph_text": "India rejected Chinese demands that the torch route be clear of India's 150,000-strong Tibetan exile community, by which they required a ban on congregation near the curtailed 3 km route. In response Indian officials said India was a democracy, and \"a wholesale ban on protests was out of the question\". Contradicting some other reports, Indian officials also refused permission to the \"Olympic Holy Flame Protection Unit\". The combined effect is a \"rapid deterioration\" of relations between India and China. Meanwhile, the Tibetan government in exile, which is based in India, has stated that it did not support the disruption of the Olympic torch relay.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Applied Physics Laboratory Ice Station", "paragraph_text": "The Applied Physics Laboratory Ice Station 2007 (APLIS07) is a U.S.A. and Japanese laboratory dedicated to the study of global climate change, located about 300 km south of the Arctic Circle, Alaska on the West Ridge of the University of Alaska Fairbanks campus.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Fiodar Fiodaraŭ", "paragraph_text": "He took an active part in the organization of the Institute of Physics and Mathematics of the Belarus Science Academy, and was the leader of one of the four major laboratories there (the laboratory of theoretical physics) until 1987.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Journal of Applied Physics", "paragraph_text": "The Journal of Applied Physics is a peer - reviewed scientific journal with a focus on the physics of modern technology. The journal was originally established in 1931 under the name of Physics, and was published by the American Physical Society for its first 7 volumes. In January 1937, ownership was transferred to the American Institute of Physics ``in line with the efforts of the American Physical Society to enhance the standing of physics as a profession ''. The journal's current editor - in - chief is André Anders (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory). According to the 2015 Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2016 impact factor of 2.068.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay", "paragraph_text": "India: Due to concerns about pro-Tibet protests, the relay through New Delhi on April 17 was cut to just 2.3 km (less than 1.5 miles), which was shared amongst 70 runners. It concluded at the India Gate. The event was peaceful due to the public not being allowed at the relay. A total of five intended torchbearers -Kiran Bedi, Soha Ali Khan, Sachin Tendulkar, Bhaichung Bhutia and Sunil Gavaskar- withdrew from the event, citing \"personal reasons\", or, in Bhutia's case, explicitly wishing to \"stand by the people of Tibet and their struggle\" and protest against the PRC \"crackdown\" in Tibet. Indian national football captain, Baichung Bhutia refused to take part in the Indian leg of the torch relay, citing concerns over Tibet. Bhutia, who is Sikkimese, is the first athlete to refuse to run with the torch. Indian film star Aamir Khan states on his personal blog that the \"Olympic Games do not belong to China\" and confirms taking part in the torch relay \"with a prayer in his heart for the people of Tibet, and ... for all people across the world who are victims of human rights violations\". Rahul Gandhi, son of the Congress President Sonia Gandhi and scion of the Nehru-Gandhi family, also refused to carry the torch.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Ames, Iowa", "paragraph_text": "Ames is a city in central Iowa approximately 30 miles (48 km) north of Des Moines. It is best known as the home of Iowa State University (ISU), with leading Agriculture, Design, Engineering, and Veterinary Medicine colleges. An United States Department of Energy national laboratory, Ames Laboratory, is located on the ISU campus.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "University of Chicago", "paragraph_text": "The university operates 12 research institutes and 113 research centers on campus. Among these are the Oriental Institute—a museum and research center for Near Eastern studies owned and operated by the university—and a number of National Resource Centers, including the Center for Middle Eastern Studies. Chicago also operates or is affiliated with a number of research institutions apart from the university proper. The university partially manages Argonne National Laboratory, part of the United States Department of Energy's national laboratory system, and has a joint stake in Fermilab, a nearby particle physics laboratory, as well as a stake in the Apache Point Observatory in Sunspot, New Mexico. Faculty and students at the adjacent Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago collaborate with the university, In 2013, the university announced that it was affiliating the formerly independent Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Mass. Although formally unrelated, the National Opinion Research Center is located on Chicago's campus.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Franco Bassani", "paragraph_text": "Franco Bassani graduated cum laude in physics from the University of Pavia in November 1952. After two years as a researcher at the Italian National Research Council in Milan (with Professors Piero Caldirola and Fausto Fumi), he moved to the United States, where until 1956 he worked with Frederick Seitz at the University of Illinois. On his return to Italy he served as Adjunct Professor at the Department of Physics, University of Palermo (1956–1957) and Pavia (1957–1959). Five years as an Associate Physicist at Argonne National Laboratory in Illinois marked a second American parentheses. Subsequently, he served as Professor of Theoretical Physics of the University of Messina (1964–1966) and Pisa (1966–1969), and professor of Solid State Physics at the University of Rome until 1980. In that period he was Invited Professor at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (1972–1973) and at the University of Illinois, Urbana (1979–1980).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Marcela Carena", "paragraph_text": "Marcela Carena (born March 22, 1962 in Buenos Aires, Argentina) is a theoretical physicist at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory and a professor at the University of Chicago and the Enrico Fermi Institute. She is the Director of International Relations at Fermilab, as well as the head of the Theoretical Physics Department. As of January 1, 2016 she is the Chair Elect of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American Physical Society.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 45290, "question": "where is the national physical laboratory located in india", "answer": "in New Delhi", "paragraph_support_idx": 7 }, { "id": 3752, "question": "When did the torch visit #1 ?", "answer": "April 17", "paragraph_support_idx": 15 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "One Good Knight", "paragraph_text": "One Good Knight (2006) is the second novel in the Tales of the Five Hundred Kingdoms series by Mercedes Lackey. Characters from the first novel \"The Fairy Godmother\" are either mentioned or appear as secondary characters.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Helena Bonham Carter", "paragraph_text": "Bonham Carter began her film career playing the title character in Lady Jane (1986), and playing Lucy Honeychurch in A Room with a View (1985). Her other film roles include Ophelia in Hamlet (1990), Where Angels Fear to Tread (1991), Howards End (1992), Elizabeth Lavenza in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein (1994), Woody Allen's Mighty Aphrodite (1995), Marla Singer in Fight Club (1999), Bellatrix Lestrange in the Harry Potter series (2007 -- 11), Skynet in Terminator Salvation (2009), Miss Havisham in Great Expectations (2012), Madame Thénardier in Les Misérables (2012), the Fairy Godmother in Cinderella (2015) and Rose Weil in Ocean's 8 (2018). She has frequently collaborated with director Tim Burton; in Planet of the Apes (2001), Big Fish (2003), Corpse Bride (2005), Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (2005), Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (2007), Dark Shadows (2012), and playing the Red Queen in Alice in Wonderland (2010) and its sequel Alice Through the Looking Glass (2016). Her other television films include A Pattern of Roses (1983), Fatal Deception: Mrs. Lee Harvey Oswald (1993), Live from Baghdad (2002), Toast (2010), and Burton & Taylor (2013).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Cinderella's Eyes", "paragraph_text": "Cinderella's Eyes is the debut studio album by English recording artist Nicola Roberts. It was released on 23 September 2011 by Polydor Records. As a member of the British girl group Girls Aloud, Roberts drew inspiration from her time with the group. Her experience with Girls Aloud's formation found her being labelled \"ugly\" by the media, and the constant negative attention and subsequent personal problems resulted in her struggling with her confidence. She started recording for the album in 2010 and co-wrote all of the original tracks on the album, working closely with producers Dimitri Tikovoi, Maya von Doll (from electro group Sohodolls) and Diplo on the album, as well as Canadian electropop band Dragonette. The concept of the album derived from fairy tales, focusing mostly upon \"Cinderella\" after titling the album \"Cinderella's Eyes\". The album artwork features Roberts next to a collection of vintage artefacts wearing a modern interpretation of the Cinderella glass slipper, co-produced by shoe designer Atalanta Weller.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "List of Shrek characters", "paragraph_text": "Prince Charming (voiced by Rupert Everett in the second and third movie, Sean Bishop in Scared Shrekless) is the son of the Fairy Godmother. He is very handsome, and was supposed to rescue Princess Fiona from her dragon - guarded tower.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Cinderella Castle", "paragraph_text": "Cinderella Castle is the fairy tale castle at the center of two Disney theme parks: the Magic Kingdom at the Walt Disney World Resort, and Tokyo Disneyland at the Tokyo Disney Resort. Both serve as worldwide recognized icons and the flagship attraction for their respective theme parks. Along with Sleeping Beauty Castle, the Castle is an iconic symbol of The Walt Disney Company.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Cinderella (1997 film)", "paragraph_text": "Cinderella (also known as Rodgers & Hammerstein's Cinderella) is a 1997 American made - for - television romantic musical fantasy film from The Wonderful World of Disney, based on the fairy tale by Charles Perrault and the third version of Rodgers and Hammerstein's television movie musical following the 1957 and the 1965 versions.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Cinderella (1950 film)", "paragraph_text": "Cinderella is a 1950 American animated musical fantasy film produced by Walt Disney and originally released by RKO Radio Pictures. Based on the fairy tale Cinderella by Charles Perrault, it is the twelfth Disney animated feature film. Directing credits go to Clyde Geronimi, Hamilton Luske, and Wilfred Jackson. Songs were written by Mack David, Jerry Livingston, and Al Hoffman. Songs in the film include ``Cinderella '',`` A Dream is a Wish Your Heart Makes'', ``Sing Sweet Nightingale '',`` The Work Song'', ``Bibbidi - Bobbidi - Boo '', and`` So This is Love''. It features the voices of Ilene Woods, Eleanor Audley, Verna Felton, Rhoda Williams, James MacDonald, Luis van Rooten, Don Barclay, Mike Douglas, William Phipps, and Lucille Bliss.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Nick Bottom", "paragraph_text": "Nick Bottom is a character in Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream who provides comic relief throughout the play. A weaver by trade, he is famously known for getting his head transformed into that of a donkey by the elusive Puck. Bottom and Puck are the only two characters who converse with and progress the three central stories in the whole play. Puck is first introduced in the fairies' story and creates the drama of the lovers' story by messing up who loves whom, and places the donkey head on Bottom's in his story. Similarly, Bottom is performing in a play in his story intending it to be presented in the lovers' story, as well as interacting with Titania in the fairies' story.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Newton Pittman", "paragraph_text": "Newton Brandburn Pittman (born August 29, 1976) is an American voice actor working for Funimation, best known for playing Zwei in Phantom ~ Requiem for the Phantom, Panties in Eden of the East, and Gray Fullbuster in Fairy Tail. Pittman lived in New York City for eight years, before returning to the Dallas - Fort Worth Metroplex area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Cinderella (2015 Disney film)", "paragraph_text": "Cate Blanchett as Stepmother, also known as Lady Tremaine Lily James as Cinderella, also known as Ella Eloise Webb as a young Ella Richard Madden as Prince, also known as Kit Helena Bonham Carter as Fairy Godmother Nonso Anozie as Captain Stellan Skarsgård as Grand Duke Sophie McShera as Drisella Holliday Grainger as Anastasia Derek Jacobi as King Ben Chaplin as Ella's father Hayley Atwell as Ella's mother Rob Brydon as Master Phineus Jana Perez as Princess Chelina of Zaragosa Alex Macqueen as Royal Crier", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Grietje Vanderheijden", "paragraph_text": "She studied music at the conservatories of Brussels & Antwerp (Belgium). During and after her studies she appeared in multiple Belgian musicals such as \"Cinderella\", \"The Wizard of Oz\", \"Sleeping Beauty\", \"Pinocchio\", \"Robin Hood\" and \"Peter Pan\", in which she played the role of Tiger Lily and understudy for Wendy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Eleanor Audley", "paragraph_text": "Eleanor Audley (born Eleanor Zellman; November 19, 1905 -- November 25, 1991) was an American actress who had a distinctive voice in radio and animation, in addition to her TV and film roles. She is best remembered on television as Oliver Douglas's mother, Eunice Douglas, on the CBS sitcom, Green Acres (1965 -- 69); and for providing Disney animated features with the villainess voices of Lady Tremaine, Cinderella's evil stepmother, from Cinderella (1950); and the evil fairy, Maleficent, from Sleeping Beauty (1959). She was known in her career for mostly playing characters with snobbish and mean attitudes. Audley provided the voice of Madame Leota, the spirit medium, from Disney's Haunted Mansion attractions.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Ever After", "paragraph_text": "Ever After (known in promotional material as Ever After: A Cinderella Story) is a 1998 American romantic drama film inspired by the fairy tale \"Cinderella\". It was directed by Andy Tennant and stars Drew Barrymore, Anjelica Huston, Dougray Scott, and Jeanne Moreau. The screenplay is written by Tennant, Susannah Grant, and Rick Parks. The original music score is composed by George Fenton. The film's closing theme song \"Put Your Arms Around Me\" is performed by the rock band Texas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Sleeping Beauty", "paragraph_text": "At the christening of a king and queen's long - wished - for child, seven good fairies are invited to be godmothers to the infant princess. The fairies attend the banquet at the palace. Each fairy is presented with a golden plate and drinking cups adorned with jewels. Soon after, an old fairy enters the palace and is seated with a plate of fine china and a crystal drinking glass. This old fairy is overlooked because she has been within a tower for many years and everyone had believed her to be deceased. Six of the other seven fairies then offer their gifts of beauty, wit, grace, dance, song, and goodness to the infant princess. The evil fairy is very angry about having been forgotten, and as her gift, enchants the infant princess so that she will one day prick her finger on a spindle of a spinning wheel and die. The seventh fairy, who has n't yet given her gift, attempts to reverse the evil fairy's curse. However, she can only do so partially. Instead of dying, the Princess will fall into a deep sleep for 100 years and be awakened by a kiss from a king's son.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Brewster McCloud", "paragraph_text": "Brewster McCloud is a 1970 American experimental comedy film directed by Robert Altman. It concerns a young recluse (Bud Cort, as the title character) who lives in a fallout shelter of the Houston Astrodome, where he is building a pair of wings so he can fly. He is helped by his comely and enigmatic \"fairy godmother\", played by Sally Kellerman, as he becomes a suspect in a series of murders. The film was shot on location in Houston, Texas. During the opening credits, shots of the downtown Houston skyline (with One Shell Plaza under construction) zoom toward the Houston Astrodome and Astrohall, with the emerging Texas Medical Center in the background. It was the first film shot inside the Astrodome.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Cinderella (1914 film)", "paragraph_text": "Cinderella is a 1914 silent film starring Mary Pickford, directed by James Kirkwood Sr., produced by Daniel Frohman, and released by Famous Players Film Company. The film is based upon the fairy tale \"Cinderella\". The film was released on Blu-ray & DVD as a bonus feature from the DVD of \"Through the Back Door\" (1921).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Cinderella, or the Little Glass Slipper", "paragraph_text": "Cinderella, or the Little Glass Slipper is a book illustrated by Marcia Brown. Released by Scribner Press, the book is a retelling of the story of Cinderella as written by Charles Perrault, and was the recipient of the Caldecott Medal for illustration in 1955.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "MS Viking Cinderella", "paragraph_text": "MS \"Viking Cinderella is a cruiseferry built in 1989 at Wärtsilä Marine Perno Shipyard in Turku, Finland, as MS \"Cinderella for SF Line, one of the owners of the Viking Line consortium. She's currently used on cruise traffic from Stockholm to Mariehamn and occasionally Riga during the summer.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Planet of the Apes (2001 film)", "paragraph_text": "Planet of the Apes is a 2001 American science fiction film directed by Tim Burton and starring Mark Wahlberg, Tim Roth, Helena Bonham Carter, Michael Clarke Duncan, Paul Giamatti, and Estella Warren. The sixth film produced in the \"Planet of the Apes\" franchise, it was loosely adapted from Pierre Boulle's 1963 novel of the same name and the 1968 film version. It tells the story of astronaut Leo Davidson crash-landing on a planet inhabited by intelligent apes. The apes treat humans as slaves, but with the help of an ape named Ari, Leo starts a rebellion.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 19, "title": "List of Disney's Cinderella characters", "paragraph_text": "Fairy Godmother First appearance Cinderella (1950) Created by Milt Kahl Voiced by Verna Felton (Cinderella) Russi Taylor (sequels) Portrayed by Helena Bonham Carter (2015 film) Melanie Paxson (Descendants) Children Jane (daughter; in Descendants and Descendants 2 only)", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 53479, "question": "who plays the fairy godmother in the new cinderella", "answer": "Helena Bonham Carter", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 }, { "id": 576533, "question": "#1 >> spouse", "answer": "Tim Burton", "paragraph_support_idx": 18 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Armenia", "paragraph_text": "The exonym Armenia is attested in the Old Persian Behistun Inscription (515 BC) as Armina ( ). The ancient Greek terms Ἀρμενία (Armenía) and Ἀρμένιοι (Arménioi, \"Armenians\") are first mentioned by Hecataeus of Miletus (c. 550 BC – c. 476 BC). Xenophon, a Greek general serving in some of the Persian expeditions, describes many aspects of Armenian village life and hospitality in around 401 BC. He relates that the people spoke a language that to his ear sounded like the language of the Persians. According to the histories of both Moses of Chorene and Michael Chamchian, Armenia derives from the name of Aram, a lineal descendant of Hayk.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Moses Asch", "paragraph_text": "Moses Asch was born in Warsaw, Poland, the son of Yiddish language novelist and dramatist Sholem Asch, and the younger brother of novelist Nathan Asch.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Holy of Holies", "paragraph_text": "The Holy of Holies (Tiberian Hebrew: קֹדֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁים ‎ Qṓḏeš HaQŏḏāšîm) is a term in the Hebrew Bible which refers to the inner sanctuary of the Tabernacle where God dwelt. The Ark is said to have contained the Ten Commandments, which were given by God to Moses on Mount Sinai. It is thought to be located under the Dome of the Rock.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "The Prince of Egypt", "paragraph_text": "Val Kilmer as Moses, a Jew who was adopted by Pharaoh Seti I and Queen Tuya. Val Kilmer also provides the uncredited voice of God Amick Byram provides Moses' singing voice. Ralph Fiennes as Ramesses II, Moses' brother and eventual successor to his father Seti. Michelle Pfeiffer as Tzipporah, Jethro's oldest daughter and Moses' wife. Sandra Bullock as Miriam, Aaron's sister, Moses' biological sister. Sally Dworsky provides Miriam's singing voice. Eden Riegel provides the voice of a younger Miriam. Jeff Goldblum as Aaron, Miriam's brother, Moses' biological brother. Danny Glover as Jethro, Tzipporah's father and Midian's high priest. Brian Stokes Mitchell provides Jethro's singing voice. Patrick Stewart as Seti, Rameses' and Moses' father, the first Pharaoh in the film. Helen Mirren as Tuya, Seti's wife, Rameses' and Moses' mother. Linda Dee Shayne provides Tuya's singing voice. Steve Martin as Hotep, one of the high priests who serves as advisor to Seti, and later Rameses. Martin Short as Huy, Hotep's fellow high priest. Ofra Haza as Yocheved, the mother of Miriam and Aaron and birth mother of Moses. She also sang her character's number, ``Deliver Us '', in seventeen other languages for the film's dubbing) Bobby Motown as Ramses' son", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Denel Y3 AGL", "paragraph_text": "The Denel Y3 AGL is a South African-manufactured automatic grenade launcher currently manufactured by Denel Land Systems. Originally developed by Aram Ltd as the AS88 as a support weapon for infantry, the patent rights were purchased and modified by Vektor, which later became a division of Denel Ltd. Further enhancements included rate of fire upgrade and the addition of a ballistics computer, with final qualification testing taking place in 1998, and operational testing in 2002. The Y3 was launched during the 2003 United Kingdom Defence Systems & Equipment (DSEi) International Exhibition.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "The Test of Fire of Moses (Giorgione)", "paragraph_text": "The work is dimensionally and thematically similar to the its Pendant painting \"\"The Judgement of Solomon\", also in the Uffizi, and is dated to the years immediately after Giorgione's moving to Venice.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "AGR-14 ZAP", "paragraph_text": "In 1967, a contract for the development of HART was given to the Martin Marietta corporation, based in Orlando, Florida; the rocket received the official designation of AGR-14 ZAP, for \"Zero Anti-Aircraft Potential\", at this time. Initial test firings of the XAGR-14A prototypes were conducted in late 1969, with the Douglas A-4 Skyhawk being used as a launch aircraft. Despite the rocket being tested successfully, the project was cancelled shortly thereafter, and ZAP failed to reach operational service.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Life in the United Kingdom test", "paragraph_text": "The Life in the United Kingdom test is a computer - based test constituting one of the requirements for anyone seeking Indefinite Leave to Remain in the UK or naturalisation as a British citizen. It is meant to prove that the applicant has a sufficient knowledge of British life and sufficient proficiency in the English language. The test is a requirement under the Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002. It consists of 24 questions covering topics such as British values, history, traditions and everyday life. The test has been continuously criticised for containing factual errors, expecting candidates to know information that would not be expected of even native - born citizens as well as being just a ``bad pub quiz ''and`` unfit for purpose''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems", "paragraph_text": "The ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS) is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal on programming languages published by the Association for Computing Machinery since 1979. The current editor-in-chief is Jens Palsberg. Its scope includes programming language design, implementation, and semantics of programming languages, compilers and interpreters, run-time systems, storage allocation and garbage collection, and formal specification, testing, and verification of software.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "National Test Pilot School", "paragraph_text": "The National Test Pilot School (NTPS) is the only civilian test pilot school in the United States, located in Mojave, California. It is organized as a not-for-profit educational institute under California state law and is governed by a Board of Trustees. NTPS is one of the seven test pilots schools worldwide recognized by the international Society of Experimental Test Pilots (SETP), giving pilot graduates of NTPS instant initial acceptance into their Society. In 2016, NTPS became the first test pilot school in the world to be certified as a Flight Test Authorised Training Organisation (ATO) by the European Aviation Safety Organization (EASA).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Book of Moses", "paragraph_text": "The Book of Moses, dictated by Joseph Smith, is part of the scriptural canon for some in the Latter Day Saint movement. The book begins with the \"Visions of Moses,\" a prologue to the story of the creation and the fall of man (Moses chapter 1), and continues with material corresponding to Smith's revision (JST) of the first six chapters of the Book of Genesis (Moses chapters 2–5, 8), interrupted by two chapters of \"extracts from the prophecy of Enoch\" (Moses chapters 6–7). Portions of the Book of Moses were originally published separately by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) in 1851, but later combined and published as the Book of Moses in the Pearl of Great Price, one of the four books of its scriptural canon. The same material is published by the Community of Christ as parts of its Doctrine and Covenants and Inspired Version of the Bible.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Uffizi", "paragraph_text": "The Uffizi Gallery (, ) is a prominent art museum located adjacent to the Piazza della Signoria in the Historic Centre of Florence in the region of Tuscany, Italy. One of the most important Italian museums and the most visited, it is also one of the largest and best known in the world and holds a collection of priceless works, particularly from the period of the Italian Renaissance.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Black Intelligence Test of Cultural Homogeneity", "paragraph_text": "The Black Intelligence Test of Cultural Homogeneity, or BITCH-100, is an intelligence test created by Robert Williams in 1972 oriented toward the language, attitudes, and life-styles of African Americans.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Wadi Musa", "paragraph_text": "Wadi Musa (, literally \"Valley of Moses\") is a town located in the Ma'an Governorate in southern Jordan. It is the administrative center of the Petra Department and the nearest town to the archaeological site of Petra. It hosts many hotels and restaurants for tourists, and there is an important Bedouin settlement approximately from the town.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Arboga Airport", "paragraph_text": "Arboga Airport is an airport serving Arboga in Västmanland County, Sweden. It is a former Swedish Airforce backup base located outside of Arboga used by the Test Unit of SWAF for tests of airborne missiles. Today, the airfield is solely used by the local flying club.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Moses (3/3)", "paragraph_text": "Moses (3/3) is a public sculpture of the prophet Moses by United States artist Tony Smith. It is on the grounds of the Toledo Museum of Art in Toledo, Ohio. The title of the work was inspired from readings of his own work that links this sculpture to the work of Michelangelo and Rembrandt.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Dothraki language", "paragraph_text": "The Dothraki language is a constructed fictional language in George R.R. Martin's fantasy novel series A Song of Ice and Fire and its television adaptation Game of Thrones, where it is spoken by the Dothraki, nomadic inhabitants of the Dothraki Sea. The language was developed for the TV series by the linguist David J. Peterson based on the Dothraki words and phrases in Martin's novels.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "The Prince of Egypt", "paragraph_text": "Val Kilmer as Moses, a Hebrew who was adopted by Pharaoh Seti. Val Kilmer also provides the uncredited voice of God Amick Byram provides Moses' singing voice.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Finale (The Office)", "paragraph_text": "Jim Halpert (John Krasinski) has been appointed best man at the wedding and proceeds to plan a series of ``good surprises ''(`` Guten Pranken'') for Dwight during his bachelor party, which consists of most of the current and former male employees. At the bachelor party, the group has Dwight fire a bazooka and receive a lap dance from Elizabeth the Stripper (Jackie Debatin), though Dwight thinks she is their waitress and remains oblivious. At the bachelorette party, with the current and former female employees plus Angela's sister Rachael (Rachael Harris), the group is shocked to see that the stripper hired for entertainment is Meredith Palmer's (Kate Flannery) son Jake (Spencer Daniels). Angela is then kidnapped by Dwight's cousin Mose (Michael Schur). After hearing about Angela's kidnapping, Dwight and the male employees visit the bar that Kevin owns, where Dwight, at Jim's insistence to bury the hatchet, is forced to apologize to Kevin and confirm that his firing was not personal but based solely on his job performance, which cheers him up. The two decide to make amends. Mose then leads Dwight and Jim out to his car where Angela is stuck in the trunk and finally let out.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "SAT", "paragraph_text": "The first administration of the SAT occurred on June 23, 1926, when it was known as the Scholastic Aptitude Test. This test, prepared by a committee headed by Princeton psychologist Carl Campbell Brigham, had sections of definitions, arithmetic, classification, artificial language, antonyms, number series, analogies, logical inference, and paragraph reading. It was administered to over 8,000 students at over 300 test centers. Men composed 60% of the test-takers. Slightly over a quarter of males and females applied to Yale University and Smith College. The test was paced rather quickly, test-takers being given only a little over 90 minutes to answer 315 questions. The raw score of each participating student was converted to a score scale with a mean of 500 and a standard deviation of 100. This scale was effectively equivalent to a 200 to 800 scale, although students could score more than 800 and less than 200.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 436936, "question": "The Test of Fire of Moses >> location", "answer": "Uffizi", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 }, { "id": 127733, "question": "What language is #1 in?", "answer": "Italian", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Madonna of the Carnation", "paragraph_text": "The Madonna of the Carnation, also known as the Madonna with Vase, Madonna with Child or Virgin with Flower, is a Renaissance oil painting by Leonardo da Vinci created around 1478–1480. It is permanently displayed at the Alte Pinakothek gallery in Munich, Germany.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Felice Cappelletti", "paragraph_text": "He was born and trained in Verona under Santo Prunati. He contributed paintings to the churches of Santa Caterina presso Ognissanti, Sant’Anastasia, and Santi Apollonia e Margherita in Verona. Many works were lost during the French occupation of Verona.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Walland, Tennessee", "paragraph_text": "Walland is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Blount County, Tennessee, in the Southeastern United States. Its population was 259 as of the 2010 census. Walland is the site of a post office and is the place name associated with zip code 37886, which covers an area beyond the Walland community.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Madonna dei Tramonti", "paragraph_text": "Madonna dei Tramonti is a 1330 Madonna fresco by the Italian artist Pietro Lorenzetti. It is located in the Basilica of San Francesco d'Assisi, in Assisi, Italy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Madonna of the Pomegranate", "paragraph_text": "The Madonna of the Pomegranate (\"Madonna della Melagrana\") is a painting by the Italian Renaissance master Sandro Botticelli, circa 1487. It is housed in the Uffizi Gallery of Florence, Italy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Madonna (entertainer)", "paragraph_text": "Madonna is dedicated to Kabbalah, and in 2004 she adopted the name Esther which in Persian means \"star\". She has donated millions of dollars to New York and London schools teaching the subject. She faced opposition from rabbis who felt Madonna's adoption of the Kabbalah was sacrilegious and a case of celebrity dilettantism. Madonna defended her studies, saying: \"It would be less controversial if I joined the Nazi Party\", and that her involvement with the Kabbalah is \"not hurting anybody\". The influence of the Kabbalah was subsequently observed in Madonna's music, especially albums like Ray of Light and Music. During the Re-Invention World Tour, at one point in the show, Madonna and her dancers wore T-shirts that read \"Kabbalists Do It Better\". Her 2012 MDNA album has also drawn many influences from her Catholic upbringing, and since 2011 she has been attending meetings and services at an Opus Dei center, a Catholic institution that encourages spirituality through every day life.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Madonna (entertainer)", "paragraph_text": "Madonna entered mainstream films in February 1985, beginning with a brief appearance as a club singer in Vision Quest, a romantic drama film. Its soundtrack contained two new singles, her U.S. number-one single, \"Crazy for You\" and \"Gambler\". She also appeared in the comedy Desperately Seeking Susan in March 1985, a film which introduced the song \"Into the Groove\", her first number one single in the United Kingdom. Although Madonna was not the lead actress for the film, her profile was such that the movie widely became considered (and marketed) as a Madonna vehicle. The New York Times film critic Vincent Canby named it one of the ten best films of 1985.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Four Lakes, Washington", "paragraph_text": "Four Lakes is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Spokane County, Washington, United States, just southwest of the city of Spokane, and north of Cheney. As of the 2010 census, its population was 512. Both Interstate 90 and SR 904 run through Four Lakes and the junction of the two is located near the center of town. Four Lakes was founded in 1879 by G.H. Morgan. The community was so named on account of there being four lakes near the original town site.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Quentin, Pennsylvania", "paragraph_text": "Quentin is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lebanon County, Pennsylvania, United States that was named after Quentin Roosevelt. The population was 529 at the 2000 census.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Madonna (entertainer)", "paragraph_text": "Madonna was born to Catholic parents Silvio Anthony \"Tony\" Ciccone (b. 1931) and Madonna Louise Fortin (c. 1933 – December 1, 1963) in Bay City, Michigan, on August 16, 1958. Her father's parents were immigrants from Pacentro, Italy, while her mother was of French-Canadian ancestry. Tony worked as an engineer designer for Chrysler and General Motors. Since Madonna had the same name as her mother, family members called her \"Little Nonni\". She has two elder brothers, Anthony (born 1956) and Martin (born 1957), and three younger siblings, Paula (born 1959), Christopher (born 1960), and Melanie (born 1962).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Ognissanti Madonna", "paragraph_text": "Madonna Enthroned, also known as the Ognissanti Madonna, is a painting by the Italian late medieval artist Giotto di Bondone, housed in the Uffizi Gallery of Florence, Italy.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Madonna (entertainer)", "paragraph_text": "Madonna's popularity was further enhanced by her film roles, including Desperately Seeking Susan (1985), Dick Tracy (1990), and Evita (1996); the latter earned her a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress. However, most of her other films have been panned by critics. Her other ventures include fashion design, writing children's books, and filmmaking. She has been acclaimed as a businesswoman, particularly after she founded entertainment company Maverick (including the label Maverick Records). In 2007 she signed an unprecedented US $120 million 360 deal with Live Nation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Uffizi", "paragraph_text": "The building of Uffizi complex was begun by Giorgio Vasari in 1560 for Cosimo I de' Medici so as to accommodate the offices of the Florentine magistrates, hence the name , \"offices\". The construction was later continued by Alfonso Parigi and Bernardo Buontalenti; it was completed in 1581. The top floor was made into a gallery for the family and their guests and included their collection of Roman sculptures.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Heron, Montana", "paragraph_text": "Heron is a census-designated place (CDP) in Sanders County, Montana, named for the village of Heron which is located within it. The population of the entire CDP was 149 at the 2000 census.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Máriapócs", "paragraph_text": "Máriapócs is a small town in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county, in the Northern Great Plain region of eastern Hungary. It lies near Nyíregyháza. It is an important place for pilgrimage. It has a Byzantine Catholic church, which houses the Weeping Madonna, an enormous ornate iconostasis that now takes pride of place above the altar. This icon is not the original, but an 18th-century copy. The original one is kept in St. Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Madonna (entertainer)", "paragraph_text": "Academics noted that with her videos, Madonna was subtly reversing the usual role of male as the dominant sex. This symbolism and imagery was probably the most prevalent in the music video for \"Like a Prayer\". The video included scenes of an African-American church choir, Madonna being attracted to a statue of a black saint, and singing in front of burning crosses. This mix of the sacred and the profane upset the Vatican and resulted in the Pepsi commercial withdrawal. In 2003, MTV named her \"The Greatest Music Video Star Ever\" and said that \"Madonna's innovation, creativity and contribution to the music video art form is what won her the award.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Cass, West Virginia", "paragraph_text": "Cass is a census-designated place (CDP) on the Greenbrier River in Pocahontas County, West Virginia, USA. As of the 2010 census, its population was 52. The town, founded in 1901, was named for Joseph Kerr Cass, vice president and cofounder of the West Virginia Pulp and Paper Company.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Vodien Internet Solutions", "paragraph_text": "Vodien Internet Solutions was founded in 2002, and was then registered as a sole proprietorship under the business name of \"Vodien Studios\". Alvin Poh and John Jervis Lee, the founders of Vodien, started the company off providing graphic design, web design and web development services.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Londontowne, Maryland", "paragraph_text": "Londontowne is an unincorporated area and former census-designated place (CDP) in Anne Arundel County, Maryland, United States, and the site of a former colonial seaport founded on the South River in 1683. The population was 7,595 at the 2000 census. At the 2010 census, the area was delineated as the Edgewater CDP.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Madonna della seggiola", "paragraph_text": "The Madonna della seggiola or Madonna della sedia is a Madonna painting by the Italian renaissance artist Raphael, dating to c. 1513-1514 and housed in the Palazzo Pitti collection in Florence. It depicts Mary embracing the child Christ, while the young John the Baptist devoutly watches.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 96762, "question": "What is the name of the place where Ognissanti Madonna can be found?", "answer": "Uffizi", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 }, { "id": 94210, "question": "Who was #1 designed by?", "answer": "Giorgio Vasari", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 } ]

[ "Buontalenti", "Alfonso Parigi", "Vasari", "vasari", "Bernardo Buontalenti" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Alice in Wonderland (2010 film)", "paragraph_text": "Helena Bonham Carter as The Red Queen. She is an amalgamation of two Carroll characters: the Red Queen and the Queen of Hearts. Her first name is a play on the word irascible because she is easily irritated, obstreperous, impatient, and quick to anger. Bonham Carter's head was digitally increased to three times its original size on screen. The character hates animals, and chooses to use them as servants and furniture. It is implied that the Red Queen beheaded her former husband, the King. The actress took inspiration from her young daughter Nell, a toddler, stating that, ``The Red Queen is just like a toddler, because she's got a big head and she's a tyrant. ''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Helena Bonham Carter", "paragraph_text": "Bonham Carter began her film career playing the title character in Lady Jane (1986), and playing Lucy Honeychurch in A Room with a View (1985). Her other film roles include Ophelia in Hamlet (1990), Where Angels Fear to Tread (1991), Howards End (1992), Elizabeth Lavenza in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein (1994), Woody Allen's Mighty Aphrodite (1995), Marla Singer in Fight Club (1999), Bellatrix Lestrange in the Harry Potter series (2007 -- 11), Skynet in Terminator Salvation (2009), Miss Havisham in Great Expectations (2012), Madame Thénardier in Les Misérables (2012), the Fairy Godmother in Cinderella (2015) and Rose Weil in Ocean's 8 (2018). She has frequently collaborated with director Tim Burton; in Planet of the Apes (2001), Big Fish (2003), Corpse Bride (2005), Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (2005), Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (2007), Dark Shadows (2012), and playing the Red Queen in Alice in Wonderland (2010) and its sequel Alice Through the Looking Glass (2016). Her other television films include A Pattern of Roses (1983), Fatal Deception: Mrs. Lee Harvey Oswald (1993), Live from Baghdad (2002), Toast (2010), and Burton & Taylor (2013).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "ArchEnemy", "paragraph_text": "ArchEnemy is a 2009 science-fiction and fantasy novel by Frank Beddor and the third novel of the Looking Glass Wars trilogy. The book was published on October 15, 2009 by Dial Press and is heavily inspired by Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Blanche of Anjou", "paragraph_text": "Blanche of Anjou (1280 – 14 October 1310) was Queen of Aragon as the second spouse of King James II. She was a member of the Capetian House of Anjou, she is also known as \"Blanche of Naples\". She served as Regent or \"Queen-Lieutenant\" of Aragon during the absence of her spouse in 1310.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "American McGee's Alice", "paragraph_text": "American McGee's Alice is a third-person psychological horror action-adventure platform video game released for PC on December 6, 2000. The game, developed by Rogue Entertainment and published by Electronic Arts, is an unofficial sequel to Lewis Carroll's Alice novels. It was designed by American McGee and features music composed by Chris Vrenna.The game uses the id Tech 3 game engine. A PlayStation 2 port was in development and planned for a release sometime around 2001 but was canceled. Set years after Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass, the game features an older, more cynical and macabre incarnation of Alice. As of 22 July 2010, American McGee's Alice has sold over 1.5 million copies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Mount Alice (British Columbia)", "paragraph_text": "Mount Alice is a mountain located at the Queens Reach arm of the Jervis Inlet within the Pacific Ranges of the Coast Mountains in British Columbia Canada. The mountain was named during the 1860 survey by who charted all of the known area and named the mountain after HRH Alice Maud Mary who was the third child of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland", "paragraph_text": "Chapter Twelve -- Alice's Evidence: Alice is then called up as a witness. She accidentally knocks over the jury box with the animals inside them and the King orders the animals be placed back into their seats before the trial continues. The King and Queen order Alice to be gone, citing Rule 42 (``All persons more than a mile high to leave the court ''), but Alice disputes their judgement and refuses to leave. She argues with the King and Queen of Hearts over the ridiculous proceedings, eventually refusing to hold her tongue. The Queen shouts her familiar`` Off with her head!'' but Alice is unafraid, calling them out as just a pack of cards; just as they start to swarm over her. Alice's sister wakes her up from a dream, brushing what turns out to be some leaves and not a shower of playing cards from Alice's face. Alice leaves her sister on the bank to imagine all the curious happenings for herself.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "March Hare", "paragraph_text": "March Hare Alice character The March Hare. Illustration by John Tenniel. First appearance Alice's Adventures in Wonderland Last appearance Through the Looking - Glass Created by Lewis Carroll Information Aliases Haigha Species Hare Gender Male Occupation Host of the Mad Tea Party Messenger Significant other (s) The Hatter The Dormouse Nationality Wonderland", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Hatter (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)", "paragraph_text": "The Hatter character, alongside all the other fictional beings, first appears in Lewis Carroll's 1865 novel Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. In it, the Hatter explains to Alice that he and the March Hare are always having tea because when he tried to sing for the foul - tempered Queen of Hearts, she sentenced him to death for ``murdering the time '', but he escapes decapitation. In retaliation, time (referred to as a`` he'' in the novel) halts himself in respect to the Hatter, keeping him and the March Hare stuck at 18: 00 (or 6: 00 pm) forever.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Planet of the Apes (2001 film)", "paragraph_text": "Planet of the Apes is a 2001 American science fiction film directed by Tim Burton and starring Mark Wahlberg, Tim Roth, Helena Bonham Carter, Michael Clarke Duncan, Paul Giamatti, and Estella Warren. The sixth film produced in the \"Planet of the Apes\" franchise, it was loosely adapted from Pierre Boulle's 1963 novel of the same name and the 1968 film version. It tells the story of astronaut Leo Davidson crash-landing on a planet inhabited by intelligent apes. The apes treat humans as slaves, but with the help of an ape named Ari, Leo starts a rebellion.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Don't Come Around Here No More", "paragraph_text": "The music video is themed around Alice in Wonderland and was directed by Jeff Stein. Dave Stewart appears as the caterpillar at the beginning, sitting on a mushroom with a hookah water pipe while playing a sitar. Petty appears in the video dressed as The Mad Hatter, and actress Louise ``Wish ''Foley played Alice. At the end of the video, Alice, who has been turned into a cake, is eaten by Petty and even friends of her own, and then a final shot of her being swallowed whole by Petty, after which he gives a small burp and pats his mouth dry.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Mock Turtle", "paragraph_text": "The Mock Turtle is a fictional character devised by Lewis Carroll from his popular book \"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\". Its name is taken from a dish that was popular in the Victorian period, mock turtle soup.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Helena Bonham Carter", "paragraph_text": "Bonham Carter joined the cast of Tim Burton's 2010 film, Alice in Wonderland as The Red Queen. She appears alongside Johnny Depp, Anne Hathaway, Mia Wasikowska, Crispin Glover and Harry Potter co-star Alan Rickman. Her role was an amalgamation of The Queen of Hearts and The Red Queen. In early 2009, Bonham Carter was named one of The Times's top 10 British Actresses of all time. She appeared on the list with fellow actresses Julie Andrews, Helen Mirren, Maggie Smith, Judi Dench, and Audrey Hepburn.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Alice's Curious Labyrinth", "paragraph_text": "Alice's Curious Labyrinth is a hedge maze attraction at the Disneyland Park within Disneyland Paris. It opened in 1992 with the Park, and belongs to the British part of Fantasyland. A similar maze attraction, based on both the 1951 and 2010 Disney film adaptations of Lewis Carroll's \"Alice in Wonderland\", exists at Shanghai Disneyland Park.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Kathryn Beaumont", "paragraph_text": "Kathryn Beaumont (born 27 June 1938) is an English actress, voice actress, singer and school teacher. She is best known for providing Disney animated films with the voices of both Alice in Alice in Wonderland (1951) and Wendy Darling in Peter Pan (1953), for which she was named a Disney Legend in 1998. Walt Disney personally cast Beaumont after seeing the film On an Island with You (1948), in which she had a small role. Beaumont reprised her voice acting role as Alice in two episodes of the animated series Disney's House of Mouse (2001 -- 2003) and as both Alice and Wendy in the 2002 video game Kingdom Hearts.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Alice in Wonderland (1903 film)", "paragraph_text": "Alice in Wonderland is a 1903 British silent film directed by Cecil Hepworth and Percy Stow. Only one copy of the original film is known to exist. The British Film Institute (BFI) partially restored the movie and its original film tinting and released it in 2010. According to BFI, the original film ran about 12 minutes; the restoration runs 9 minutes and 35 seconds. At the beginning of the restoration, it states that this is the first movie adaptation of Lewis Carroll's children's book Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "The Sheep", "paragraph_text": "The Sheep is a character, created by Charles Lutwidge Dodgson, a.k.a. Lewis Carroll. It appeared in Dodgson's book, \"Through the Looking-Glass\", the sequel to his book \"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Buckingham Palace", "paragraph_text": "Before Prince Albert's death, the palace was frequently the scene of musical entertainments, and the greatest contemporary musicians entertained at Buckingham Palace. The composer Felix Mendelssohn is known to have played there on three occasions. Johann Strauss II and his orchestra played there when in England. Strauss's \"Alice Polka\" was first performed at the palace in 1849 in honour of the queen's daughter, Princess Alice. Under Victoria, Buckingham Palace was frequently the scene of lavish costume balls, in addition to the usual royal ceremonies, investitures and presentations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Red Queen (Through the Looking-Glass)", "paragraph_text": "The 2010 live - action film Alice in Wonderland, fashioned as a sequel to the novel, features Helena Bonham Carter as the Red Queen. Bonham Carter's head was digitally increased three times its original size on screen. Bonham Carter's character is a combination of the Red Queen, the Duchess and the Queen of Hearts. From the original Red Queen, this character gets only a relationship to the White Queen. Here the Red Queen is the older sister of the White Queen, and is jealous of her sister, whom her subjects genuinely love. From the original John Tenniel illustrations of the Duchess, she gets a massive head in proportion to her body and a retinue of frog footmen. The White Queen theorizes that the movie's Red Queen has a tumor pressing against her brain, explaining both her large head and her deranged behaviour. Most of her characteristics are taken from the Queen of Hearts, including:", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Aliya bint Ali", "paragraph_text": "Queen Aliya bint Ali of Hejaz (1911 – 21 December 1950), was an Arabian princess and a queen consort of Iraq. She was the spouse and first cousin of King Ghazi of Iraq and the queen mother of King Faisal II of Iraq. She was the last Queen of Iraq.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 53230, "question": "who played the red queen in alice in wonderland", "answer": "Helena Bonham Carter", "paragraph_support_idx": 18 }, { "id": 576533, "question": "#1 >> spouse", "answer": "Tim Burton", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Es teler", "paragraph_text": "Es Teler is a fruit cocktail from Indonesia. Avocado, coconut meat, cincau, jackfruit and other fruits are served with coconut milk, sweetened condensed milk, \"Pandanus amaryllifolius\" leaf (normally in the form of cocopandan syrup), sugar, and a tiny amount of salt.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar", "paragraph_text": "The Pepsi - Cola Made with Real Sugar, formerly called Throwback, is a brand of soft drink sold by PepsiCo in the United States and in sweet stores in South Australia for its flagship Pepsi and Mountain Dew brands. The drinks, called Pepsi Throwback and Mountain Dew Throwback, are named as such because they are flavored with cane sugar and beet sugar instead of high fructose corn syrup, which soft drink companies used to replace sugar (in their North American products) in the 1980s. In addition, these drinks use retro packaging. As of June 2014, Pepsi Throwback has been replaced in one area of the United States by ``Pepsi - Cola Made with Real Sugar '', a new product formulation, also made without high fructose corn syrup.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Cocoa Puffs", "paragraph_text": "Cocoa Puffs is a brand of chocolate-flavored puffed grain breakfast cereal, manufactured by General Mills. Introduced in 1958, the cereal consists of small orbs of corn, oats, and rice flavored with cocoa. Essentially, Cocoa Puffs are Kix cereal with chocolate flavoring; similarly, Trix has been, for most of its existence, fruit-flavored Kix.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "High-fructose corn syrup", "paragraph_text": "High - fructose corn syrup (HFCS) (also called glucose - fructose, isoglucose and glucose - fructose syrup) is a sweetener made from corn starch that has been processed by glucose isomerase to convert some of its glucose into fructose. HFCS was first marketed in the early 1970s by the Clinton Corn Processing Company, together with the Japanese Agency of Industrial Science and Technology where the enzyme was discovered in 1965.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Changes (David Bowie song)", "paragraph_text": "``Changes ''Single by David Bowie from the album Hunky Dory B - side`` Andy Warhol'' Released 7 January 1972 Format 7 ''single Recorded Trident Studios, London, summer 1971 Genre Art pop, glam rock Length 3: 33 Label RCA Records 2160 Songwriter (s) David Bowie Producer (s) Ken Scott, David Bowie David Bowie singles chronology ``Moonage Daydream'' (1971)`` Changes ''(1972) ``Starman'' (1972)`` Moonage Daydream ''(Arnold Corns) (1971) ``Changes'' (1972)`` Starman ''(1972) Hunky Dory track listing ``Changes'' (1)`` Oh! You Pretty Things ''(2) Alternative cover Music video ``Changes'' (Live) on YouTube", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Prince of Wales (cocktail)", "paragraph_text": "The Prince of Wales is a cocktail created by Albert Edward, Prince of Wales, who later becomes King Edward VII. There are several variations of the cocktail, but what they usually have in common is champagne, angostura bitters, sugar (or simple syrup), either rye whiskey or cognac, and a liqueur.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Kola Shaler", "paragraph_text": "Kola Shaler is a cola soft drink manufactured in Nicaragua by a company called \"Kola Shaler Industrial\", founded by David Robleto Aleman. Kola Shaler ingredients are imported from England. It is lower in sugar and carbonation compared to others soft drinks.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Red", "paragraph_text": "During the summer growing season, phosphate is at a high level. It has a vital role in the breakdown of the sugars manufactured by chlorophyll. But in the fall, phosphate, along with the other chemicals and nutrients, moves out of the leaf into the stem of the plant. When this happens, the sugar-breakdown process changes, leading to the production of anthocyanin pigments. The brighter the light during this period, the greater the production of anthocyanins and the more brilliant the resulting color display. When the days of autumn are bright and cool, and the nights are chilly but not freezing, the brightest colorations usually develop.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Corning Museum of Glass", "paragraph_text": "The Corning Museum of Glass is a museum in Corning, New York dedicated to the art, history and science of glass. It was founded in 1951 by Corning Glass Works and currently has a collection of more than 50,000 glass objects, some over 3,500 years old.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Sippin' on Some Syrup", "paragraph_text": "``Sippin 'on Some Syrup ''Single by Three 6 Mafia featuring UGK and Project Pat from the album When the Smoke Clears: Sixty 6, Sixty 1 Released February 6, 2000 Format CD single, 12'' Recorded 1999 Genre Hip hop Length 4: 24 Label Loud Songwriter (s) Paul Beauregard, Chad L. Butler, Bernard Freeman, Jordan Houston Producer (s) DJ Paul, Juicy J Three 6 Mafia singles chronology``' Who Run It? '''(2000) ``Sippin' on Some Syrup'' (2000)`` 'Stay Fly' ''(2005) Who Run It? (2000) Sippin 'on Some Syrup (2000) Stay Fly (2005)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Heaven Hill", "paragraph_text": "Deep Eddy Vodka Distillery is a distillery in Dripping Springs, Texas that manufactures vodka products made of south Texas corn using continuous distillation in a column still. Dripping Springs is not a part of Austin, Texas, but is, in fact, a separate town.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Punjab, Pakistan", "paragraph_text": "Despite the lack of a coastline, Punjab is the most industrialised province of Pakistan; its manufacturing industries produce textiles, sports goods, heavy machinery, electrical appliances, surgical instruments, vehicles, auto parts, metals, sugar mill plants, aircraft, cement, agricultural machinery, bicycles and rickshaws, floor coverings, and processed foods. In 2003, the province manufactured 90% of the paper and paper boards, 71% of the fertilizers, 69% of the sugar and 40% of the cement of Pakistan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Imelletty perunalaatikko", "paragraph_text": "Sweetened potato casserole (Finnish \"imelletty perunalaatikko\") is a traditional Finnish dish from Päijät-Häme, eaten elsewhere in Finland at Christmastime. It is prepared by letting puréed potatoes, mixed with wheat flour, stand at a temperature of around 50°C (122°F). The amylase in the flour will start to break down the potato’s starches to shorter carbohydrate chains, that is sugars. The temperature cannot exceed 75°C (167°F); otherwise, the amylase molecules will break down. Through this process, the dish gets its distinct sweet flavour; nowadays, however, dark syrup (Finnish \"tumma siirappi\") can be added to give it sweetness. Dark syrup is made from sugarcane and it's the most common type of syrup in Finland. It has a similar taste to molasses, but is sweeter.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Corn production in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Iowa, the largest producer of corn in the US, grows three times as much corn as Mexico. Iowa harvested 3,548 acres (1,436 ha) of sweet corn in 2007. In 2011, the state had 92,300 corn farms on 30,700,000 acres (12,400,000 ha), the average size being 333 acres (135 ha), and the average dollar value per acre being US $6,708. In the same year, there were 13.7 million harvested acres of corn for grain, producing 2.36 billion bushels, which yielded 172.0 bu / acre, with US $14.5 billion of corn value of production. Almost 1.88 billion bushels of corn were grown in the state in 2012 on 13.7 million acres of land, while the 2013 projections are 2.45 billion bushels of corn on 13.97 million acres of land.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Valtra", "paragraph_text": "Valtra is a manufacturer of tractors and agricultural machinery and forms part of the AGCO Corporation. Valtra tractors are manufactured in Suolahti, Finland, and Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil. Valtra’s products in the Brazilian market also include combine harvesters, sugar cane harvesters, self-propelled sprayers and seed drills.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Maple liqueur", "paragraph_text": "Maple liqueur refers to various alcoholic products made from maple syrup, primarily in the Northeast United States and Canada. It is most commonly made by mixing Canadian rye whiskey and Canadian maple syrup. Maple liqueur is considered an important cultural beverage in certain Canadian festivals.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Josta", "paragraph_text": "Josta was a soft drink brand that was produced by PepsiCo and the first energy drink ever introduced by a major US beverage company. Josta's flavor has been described as predominantly fruity, with a hint of spice and a touch of the key ingredient guaraná. It was marketed as a \"high-energy drink\" with guaraná and caffeine.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Shark Energy", "paragraph_text": "Shark Energy Drink is available in a number of variations, including carbonated, uncarbonated versions, sugared and sugar-free. The drink is manufactured in Thailand by the Osotspa Co. Ltd in Bangkok, and also in Europe by Shark AG in Innsbruck, Austria.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Shamishi", "paragraph_text": "Shamishi are semolina fried pies that have been produced in Cyprus since at least the 19th century and they are considered a traditional delicacy of the cuisine of Cyprus. Shamishi are known as a dessert that is served hot in special occasions such as weddings and local religious feasts usually along with loukoumades and water and it is a variety of fried pastry filled with halva and semolina. In addition to halva and semolina, shamishi includes ingredients like flour, water, sugar, mastic, oil (corn or groundnut oil), salt, among others.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Aachener Printen", "paragraph_text": "Aachener Printen are a type of Lebkuchen originating from the city of Aachen in Germany. Somewhat similar to gingerbread, Printen were originally sweetened with honey, but for two centuries the tradition is to use a syrup made from sugar beets.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 172762, "question": "Josta >> manufacturer", "answer": "Pepsi", "paragraph_support_idx": 16 }, { "id": 89145, "question": "when did #1 change from sugar to corn syrup", "answer": "the 1980s", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Uffizi", "paragraph_text": "The building of Uffizi complex was begun by Giorgio Vasari in 1560 for Cosimo I de' Medici so as to accommodate the offices of the Florentine magistrates, hence the name , \"offices\". The construction was later continued by Alfonso Parigi and Bernardo Buontalenti; it was completed in 1581. The top floor was made into a gallery for the family and their guests and included their collection of Roman sculptures.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Land Titles Building (Arcola)", "paragraph_text": "The Land Titles Building is located at 301 Main Street in Arcola, Saskatchewan, Canada. The architectural firm of Storey and Van Egmond designed the building. The building is a designated Heritage Property. The building housed land title records until the 1960s; due to the importance of these records the building was designed to be fire-proof and therefore the walls, floor, ceiling and doors were all made of metal, brick or stone.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Jaguar Land Rover Gaydon Centre", "paragraph_text": "The Jaguar Land Rover Gaydon Centre, which is situated north-west of the village of Gaydon, Warwickshire, England, is one of the principal engineering centres of Jaguar Land Rover and the location of the headquarters of Land Rover. The site houses a design, research and development centre and extensive test track facilities and is used for the design and development of Jaguar and Land Rover vehicles. The site, along with the smaller Aston Martin facility adjacent, occupies the land that was once the RAF V bomber base of RAF Gaydon. The British Motor Museum is also located on the same site.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Teatro Comunale Alighieri", "paragraph_text": "The Teatro Comunale Alighieri is an opera house located at 2 Via Mariani in Ravenna, Italy and designed by the Venetian architects, Tommaso Meduna and his brother, Giambattista who had designed the second \"La Fenice\" theatre after the fire of 1836 . The new Teatro Comunale Alighieri was inaugurated on 15 May 1852 with a production of Meyerbeer's \"Robert le diable\", followed by Giovanni Pacini's \"Medea\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Testament and Death of Moses", "paragraph_text": "The Testament and Death of Moses is a fresco attributed to the Italian Renaissance painters Luca Signorelli and Bartolomeo della Gatta, executed in around 1482 and located in the Sistine Chapel, Rome.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Toodyay Fire Station", "paragraph_text": "Toodyay Fire Station was designed by architect Ken Duncan, a member of the Volunteer Fire Brigade, and was built in 1939. It is notable for its Art Deco facade. It is one of two single bay Stripped Classical fire stations built during the Western Australian Fire Brigades Board's 1930s building campaign. It is rendered in part and bricked to lower level, all painted. An extension to the side is in the same style.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Pregnancy test", "paragraph_text": "Organon International obtained the first patent on a home pregnancy test in 1969, two years after product designer Margaret Crane noticed that the laboratory testing procedure was relatively simple and made a prototype. The product became available in Canada in 1971, and the United States in 1977, after delays caused by concerns over sexual morality and the ability of women to perform test and cope with the results without a doctor.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Soviet atomic bomb project", "paragraph_text": "On 29 August 1949, the Soviet Union secretly conducted its first successful weapon test (First Lightning), based on the U.S. design at the Semipalatinsk in Kazakhstan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "The Prince of Egypt", "paragraph_text": "Val Kilmer as Moses, a Hebrew who was adopted by Pharaoh Seti. Val Kilmer also provides the uncredited voice of God Amick Byram provides Moses' singing voice.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Anti-aircraft warfare", "paragraph_text": "The future of projectile based weapons may be found in the railgun. Currently tests are underway on developing systems that could create as much damage as a Tomahawk (missile), but at a fraction of the cost. In February 2008 the US Navy tested a railgun; it fired a shell at 5,600 miles (9,000 km) per hour using 10 megajoules of energy. Its expected performance is over 13,000 miles (21,000 km) per hour muzzle velocity, accurate enough to hit a 5-meter target from 200 nautical miles (370 km) away while shooting at 10 shots per minute. It is expected to be ready in 2020 to 2025.[verification needed] These systems while currently designed for static targets would only need the ability to be retargeted to become the next generation of AA system.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Centretown United Church", "paragraph_text": "Centretown United Church is an historic church located in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada at 507 Bank Street at Argyle in the Centretown area. It was built in 1906 as the Stewarton Presbyterian Church using Gothic Revival architecture under the architecture of Moses Chamberlain Edey, (designer of Heritage site the Aberdeen Pavilion and the Daly Building. The corner stone was laid by Sir Mortimer Clarke, Lieutenant Governor of Ontario. Centretown United Church is a member church of the United Church of Canada.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Wadi Musa", "paragraph_text": "Wadi Musa (, literally \"Valley of Moses\") is a town located in the Ma'an Governorate in southern Jordan. It is the administrative center of the Petra Department and the nearest town to the archaeological site of Petra. It hosts many hotels and restaurants for tourists, and there is an important Bedouin settlement approximately from the town.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Smiling Buddha", "paragraph_text": "Smiling Buddha (MEA designation: Pokhran - I) was the assigned code name of India's first successful nuclear bomb test on 18 May 1974. The bomb was detonated on the army base, Pokhran Test Range (PTR), in Rajasthan by the Indian Army under the supervision of several key Indian generals.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Iowa Assessments", "paragraph_text": "The Iowa Assessments (previously the Iowa Test of Basic Skills and originally Iowa Every Pupil Test of Basic Skills) also known informally as the Iowa Tests or colloquially as ITBS tests, are standardized tests provided as a service to schools by the College of Education of the University of Iowa. Developers Everett Franklin Lindquist, Harry Greene, Ernest Horn, Maude McBroom, and Herbert Spitzer first designed and administered the tests in 1935 as a tool for improving student instruction. The tests are administered to students in kindergarten through eighth grade as part of the Iowa Statewide Testing Programs, a division of the Iowa Testing Programs (ITP). Over decades, participation expanded and currently nearly all school districts in Iowa participate annually in the program, as do many other school districts across the United States. In a cooperative relationship, participating schools receive ITBS test materials, scoring and reporting services and consultation in the use of ITBS for instructional purposes, and ITP utilizes participation by schools in research and test development. Both the ITBS and Iowa Tests of Educational Development (ITED) were revised in the 2011 -- 2012 school year. They were rebranded the Iowa Assessments. In 2016 - 2017, Iowa Assessments will roll out their new testing program, Next Generation Iowa Assessments.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Expeditionary tank", "paragraph_text": "In the late 1970s, Teledyne Vehicle Systems carried out several studies on a highly mobile light tracked vehicle, which could be used for a variety of tasks. The in-house trials lasted from 1980 to 1981. In 1982, a detailed design had been decided on. This vehicle competed in the Armored Gun System (AGS) competition. The first prototype was completed in December 1983, and the turret was completed mid-1984. In October, testing took place in the Nevada test center on mobility and reliability, and in April 1985, the chassis and turret were united. A month later, the vehicle was presented for the first time at the U.S. Army Armor Conference at Fort Knox. A 1986 test firing took place. In 1992, the Expeditionary tank lost the AGS competition to United Defense's CCV-L, which was type classified as the M8 Armored Gun System. The Expeditionary tank was later offered to other nations by Teledyne and later General Dynamics, but was never bought.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Book of Moses", "paragraph_text": "The Book of Moses, dictated by Joseph Smith, is part of the scriptural canon for some in the Latter Day Saint movement. The book begins with the \"Visions of Moses,\" a prologue to the story of the creation and the fall of man (Moses chapter 1), and continues with material corresponding to Smith's revision (JST) of the first six chapters of the Book of Genesis (Moses chapters 2–5, 8), interrupted by two chapters of \"extracts from the prophecy of Enoch\" (Moses chapters 6–7). Portions of the Book of Moses were originally published separately by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) in 1851, but later combined and published as the Book of Moses in the Pearl of Great Price, one of the four books of its scriptural canon. The same material is published by the Community of Christ as parts of its Doctrine and Covenants and Inspired Version of the Bible.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Camp Meigs", "paragraph_text": "In 1869, the land was obtained by the Norfolk Agricultural Association, improved upon, and ultimately became the Readville Race Track. On December 12, 1915, the newly formed Sturtevant Aeroplane Company tested its new A-3 Battleplane prototype on the Readville field, becoming the first American airplane engineered specifically for air combat. The A-3 was designed by Grover C. Loening, most recently the Army’s aeronautical engineer at San Diego and hired by Sturtevant. The \"Battleplane\" featured a water-cooled 14 hp Sturtevant V-8 engine with two removable 8-foot × 2.5-foot nacelles positioned mid-wing for machine gunners to fire outside the propeller arc. The test flight was piloted by Lt. Byron Jones.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Oxygen", "paragraph_text": "Concentrated O\n2 will allow combustion to proceed rapidly and energetically. Steel pipes and storage vessels used to store and transmit both gaseous and liquid oxygen will act as a fuel; and therefore the design and manufacture of O\n2 systems requires special training to ensure that ignition sources are minimized. The fire that killed the Apollo 1 crew in a launch pad test spread so rapidly because the capsule was pressurized with pure O\n2 but at slightly more than atmospheric pressure, instead of the 1⁄3 normal pressure that would be used in a mission.[k]", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "The Test of Fire of Moses (Giorgione)", "paragraph_text": "The work is dimensionally and thematically similar to the its Pendant painting \"\"The Judgement of Solomon\", also in the Uffizi, and is dated to the years immediately after Giorgione's moving to Venice.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 19, "title": "AGR-14 ZAP", "paragraph_text": "In 1967, a contract for the development of HART was given to the Martin Marietta corporation, based in Orlando, Florida; the rocket received the official designation of AGR-14 ZAP, for \"Zero Anti-Aircraft Potential\", at this time. Initial test firings of the XAGR-14A prototypes were conducted in late 1969, with the Douglas A-4 Skyhawk being used as a launch aircraft. Despite the rocket being tested successfully, the project was cancelled shortly thereafter, and ZAP failed to reach operational service.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 436936, "question": "The Test of Fire of Moses >> location", "answer": "Uffizi", "paragraph_support_idx": 18 }, { "id": 94210, "question": "Who was #1 designed by?", "answer": "Giorgio Vasari", "paragraph_support_idx": 0 } ]

[ "Buontalenti", "Alfonso Parigi", "Vasari", "vasari", "Bernardo Buontalenti" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Es teler", "paragraph_text": "Es Teler is a fruit cocktail from Indonesia. Avocado, coconut meat, cincau, jackfruit and other fruits are served with coconut milk, sweetened condensed milk, \"Pandanus amaryllifolius\" leaf (normally in the form of cocopandan syrup), sugar, and a tiny amount of salt.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Nagaland", "paragraph_text": "Nagaland became the 16th state of India on 1 December 1963. Agriculture is the most important economic activity and the principal crops include rice, corn, millets, pulses, tobacco, oilseeds, sugarcane, potatoes, and fibres. Other significant economic activity includes forestry, tourism, insurance, real estate, and miscellaneous cottage industries.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Corn production in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Iowa, the largest producer of corn in the US, grows three times as much corn as Mexico. Iowa harvested 3,548 acres (1,436 ha) of sweet corn in 2007. In 2011, the state had 92,300 corn farms on 30,700,000 acres (12,400,000 ha), the average size being 333 acres (135 ha), and the average dollar value per acre being US $6,708. In the same year, there were 13.7 million harvested acres of corn for grain, producing 2.36 billion bushels, which yielded 172.0 bu / acre, with US $14.5 billion of corn value of production. Almost 1.88 billion bushels of corn were grown in the state in 2012 on 13.7 million acres of land, while the 2013 projections are 2.45 billion bushels of corn on 13.97 million acres of land.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Punjab, Pakistan", "paragraph_text": "Despite its tropical wet and dry climate, extensive irrigation makes it a rich agricultural region. Its canal-irrigation system established by the British is the largest in the world. Wheat and cotton are the largest crops. Other crops include rice, sugarcane, millet, corn, oilseeds, pulses, vegetables, and fruits such as kinoo. Livestock and poultry production are also important. Despite past animosities, the rural masses in Punjab's farms continue to use the Hindu calendar for planting and harvesting.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Maple liqueur", "paragraph_text": "Maple liqueur refers to various alcoholic products made from maple syrup, primarily in the Northeast United States and Canada. It is most commonly made by mixing Canadian rye whiskey and Canadian maple syrup. Maple liqueur is considered an important cultural beverage in certain Canadian festivals.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "French colonization of the Americas", "paragraph_text": "The French colonization of the Americas began in the 16th century, and continued on into the following centuries as France established a colonial empire in the Western Hemisphere. France founded colonies in much of eastern North America, on a number of Caribbean islands, and in South America. Most colonies were developed to export products such as fish, rice sugar, and furs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Rice-A-Roni", "paragraph_text": "Rice-A-Roni is a product of PepsiCo's subsidiary the Quaker Oats Company. It is a pilaf-like boxed food mix that consists of rice, vermicelli pasta, and seasonings. To prepare, the rice and pasta are browned in butter, then water and seasonings are added and simmered until absorbed.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Ovos moles", "paragraph_text": "Ovos Moles de Aveiro (\"soft eggs from Aveiro\", literally) is a local delicacy from Aveiro District, Portugal, made of egg yolks and sugar. This mixture is often put inside of small rice paper casings in nautical shapes, such as shells, or into communion wafers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Gerald R. Dickens", "paragraph_text": "Gerald R. Dickens is Professor of Earth Science at Rice University, and is a researcher into the history of the world’s oceans, with respect to the changing patterns of their geology, chemistry and biology.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Imelletty perunalaatikko", "paragraph_text": "Sweetened potato casserole (Finnish \"imelletty perunalaatikko\") is a traditional Finnish dish from Päijät-Häme, eaten elsewhere in Finland at Christmastime. It is prepared by letting puréed potatoes, mixed with wheat flour, stand at a temperature of around 50°C (122°F). The amylase in the flour will start to break down the potato’s starches to shorter carbohydrate chains, that is sugars. The temperature cannot exceed 75°C (167°F); otherwise, the amylase molecules will break down. Through this process, the dish gets its distinct sweet flavour; nowadays, however, dark syrup (Finnish \"tumma siirappi\") can be added to give it sweetness. Dark syrup is made from sugarcane and it's the most common type of syrup in Finland. It has a similar taste to molasses, but is sweeter.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Shamishi", "paragraph_text": "Shamishi are semolina fried pies that have been produced in Cyprus since at least the 19th century and they are considered a traditional delicacy of the cuisine of Cyprus. Shamishi are known as a dessert that is served hot in special occasions such as weddings and local religious feasts usually along with loukoumades and water and it is a variety of fried pastry filled with halva and semolina. In addition to halva and semolina, shamishi includes ingredients like flour, water, sugar, mastic, oil (corn or groundnut oil), salt, among others.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar", "paragraph_text": "The Pepsi - Cola Made with Real Sugar, formerly called Throwback, is a brand of soft drink sold by PepsiCo in the United States and in sweet stores in South Australia for its flagship Pepsi and Mountain Dew brands. The drinks, called Pepsi Throwback and Mountain Dew Throwback, are named as such because they are flavored with cane sugar and beet sugar instead of high fructose corn syrup, which soft drink companies used to replace sugar (in their North American products) in the 1980s. In addition, these drinks use retro packaging. As of June 2014, Pepsi Throwback has been replaced in one area of the United States by ``Pepsi - Cola Made with Real Sugar '', a new product formulation, also made without high fructose corn syrup.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "High-fructose corn syrup", "paragraph_text": "High - fructose corn syrup (HFCS) (also called glucose - fructose, isoglucose and glucose - fructose syrup) is a sweetener made from corn starch that has been processed by glucose isomerase to convert some of its glucose into fructose. HFCS was first marketed in the early 1970s by the Clinton Corn Processing Company, together with the Japanese Agency of Industrial Science and Technology where the enzyme was discovered in 1965.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Prince of Wales (cocktail)", "paragraph_text": "The Prince of Wales is a cocktail created by Albert Edward, Prince of Wales, who later becomes King Edward VII. There are several variations of the cocktail, but what they usually have in common is champagne, angostura bitters, sugar (or simple syrup), either rye whiskey or cognac, and a liqueur.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Corning Museum of Glass", "paragraph_text": "The Corning Museum of Glass is a museum in Corning, New York dedicated to the art, history and science of glass. It was founded in 1951 by Corning Glass Works and currently has a collection of more than 50,000 glass objects, some over 3,500 years old.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "French colonization of the Americas", "paragraph_text": "The French colonization of the Americas began in the 16th century, and continued on into the following centuries as France established a colonial empire in the Western Hemisphere. France founded colonies in much of eastern North America, on a number of Caribbean islands, and in South America. Most colonies were developed to export products such as fish, rice, sugar, and furs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Eva Mendes", "paragraph_text": "Eva de la Caridad Méndez (born March 5, 1974), known professionally as Eva Mendes, is an American actress, model and businesswoman. She began acting in the late 1990s. After a series of roles in B movies such as Children of the Corn V: Fields of Terror (1998) and Urban Legends: Final Cut (2000), she made a career - changing appearance in Training Day (2001). Since then, Mendes has co-starred in films such as All About the Benjamins, 2 Fast 2 Furious, Ghost Rider, We Own the Night, Stuck on You, Hitch, and The Other Guys.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Rice Belt", "paragraph_text": "The Rice Belt of the United States includes Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi and Texas, four southern U.S. states that grow a significant portion of the nation's rice crop. The name is in conformity with the Corn Belt of the Midwest, in which much of the nation's corn is grown.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Aachener Printen", "paragraph_text": "Aachener Printen are a type of Lebkuchen originating from the city of Aachen in Germany. Somewhat similar to gingerbread, Printen were originally sweetened with honey, but for two centuries the tradition is to use a syrup made from sugar beets.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Palitaw", "paragraph_text": "Palitaw (from \"litaw\", the Tagalog word for \"float\" or \"rise\") is a small, flat, sweet rice cake eaten in the Philippines. They are made from washed, soaked, and ground malagkit (sticky rice). After excess water is let out from the grinding process, scoops of the batter are rolled and flattened to a circular shape and cooked by dropping into boiling water; floating to the surface is an indication that they're done. Before serving, they are dipped in grated coconut, and presented with a separate mix of sugar and toasted sesame seeds.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 496460, "question": "Rice-A-Roni >> owned by", "answer": "Pepsi", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 }, { "id": 89145, "question": "when did #1 change from sugar to corn syrup", "answer": "the 1980s", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "(What Can I Say) To Make You Love Me", "paragraph_text": "``(What Can I Say) To Make You Love Me ''is a song written by Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and recorded by American recording artist Alexander O'Neal. It is the fifth single from the singer's second solo album, Hearsay (1987). The song's distinctive backing vocals were performed by Lisa Keith. Following the successful chart performances of the Hearsay singles`` Fake'', ``Criticize '',`` Never Knew Love Like This'', and ``The Lovers '',`` (What Can I Say) To Make You Love Me'' was released as the album's fifth single.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "So into You (Tamia song)", "paragraph_text": "``So Into You ''is a song performed by Canadian singer Tamia, recorded for her self - titled debut album Tamia (1998). It was written by Tamia, Tim Kelley, Bob Robinson, Lionel Richie and Ronald LaPread and produced by Tim & Bob.`` So Into You'' is a mid-tempo R&B song with lyrics describing the protagonist's feelings of love for her partner. The song uses a modified sample from The Commodores single ``Say Yeah ''(1978). The song was noted for Tamia using a more restrained and seductive singing technique, at the time unheard of on her previously released material.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Go Your Own Way", "paragraph_text": "``Go Your Own Way ''Single by Fleetwood Mac from the album Rumours B - side`` Silver Springs'' Released December 1976 Format 7 - inch single Recorded 1976 Studio Record Plant, Sausalito, California Wally Heider Studios, Los Angeles Criteria Studios, Miami Genre Rock Length 3: 34 Label Warner Bros. Songwriter (s) Lindsey Buckingham Producer (s) Fleetwood Mac Richard Dashut Ken Caillat Fleetwood Mac singles chronology ``Say You Love Me ''(1976)`` Go Your Own Way'' (1976) ``Do n't Stop ''(1977)`` Say You Love Me'' (1976) ``Go Your Own Way ''(1976)`` Do n't Stop'' (1977) Rumours track listing 11 tracks (show) Side one ``Second Hand News ''`` Dreams'' ``Never Going Back Again ''`` Do n't Stop'' ``Go Your Own Way ''`` Songbird'' Side two ``The Chain ''`` You Make Loving Fun'' ``I Do n't Want to Know ''`` Oh Daddy'' ``Gold Dust Woman ''Audio sample file help", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Baheb Nuoa Kalamak", "paragraph_text": "\"Baheb Nuoa Kalamak\" (\"I love what you say\") is an Arabic pop-song written by Ahmed Darwesh and chosen for Amal Hijazi's album, \"Baya al Ward\". This fast-beat song was released in the early 2007. The music video was directed by Mirna Khayat. It was chosen over Yahia Sa’adeh.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Bengal Tiger (2015 film)", "paragraph_text": "Shraddha rejects Karan and convinces Nagappa for the same. She adds that she would prefer to a self - made man like Akash to already financially settled person, as she finds the potential of making it big in Akash. On Shraddha's birthday, Nagappa hosts a big part and announces Akash as Shraddha's potential lover in the presence of many politicians, including the chief minister Ashok Gajapathi (Boman Irani). Akash however rejects Nagappa's presence and says that he loves Meera (Tamannaah), the daughter of Gajapathi, much to everyone's shock.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "I've Always Loved You", "paragraph_text": "I've Always Loved You is a 1946 American Technicolor drama film produced and directed by Frank Borzage and written by Borden Chase. The film stars Philip Dorn, Catherine McLeod, William Carter, Maria Ouspenskaya, Felix Bressart and Elizabeth Patterson. Rare for a film produced by Republic Pictures, \"I've Always Loved You\" is a high-budget prestige production with an A-list director in Borzage.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Christmas Is the Time to Say 'I Love You'", "paragraph_text": "``Christmas Is the Time to Say 'I Love You' ''is a holiday rock song by Billy Squier, released in 1981 as the B - side of his hit`` My Kinda Lover'' (Capitol 5037). In 1981, a video of the song was recorded with MTV VJs and staff members singing along with a live performance by Squier. VJ Martha Quinn remembers it as her number one moment when working for MTV.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Say You Love Me (album)", "paragraph_text": "Say You Love Me is the second studio album by American singer Jennifer Holliday released on vinyl and cassette. It was released by Geffen Records. In 1985, two singles were released from the album. The singles were \"Hard Time for Lovers\" and \"No Frills Love\". Michael Jackson co-wrote and produced the album's opener \"You're The One.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Wie es geht", "paragraph_text": "\"Wie es geht\" (\"How to do it\", lit. \"How it goes\") is a punk song by Die Ärzte. It is the first track and the first single from their 2000 album \"Runter mit den Spendierhosen, Unsichtbarer!\". The singer addresses a woman, trying several times to tell her \"I love you\", but keeps on ending up saying \"(I just don't know) how to do it\"; at the end of the song he finally manages to say the words.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Everyone Says I Love You", "paragraph_text": "Everyone Says I Love You is a 1996 American musical comedy film written and directed by Woody Allen, who also stars alongside Julia Roberts, Alan Alda, Edward Norton, Drew Barrymore, Gaby Hoffmann, Tim Roth, Goldie Hawn, Natasha Lyonne and Natalie Portman. Set in New York City, Venice and Paris, the film features singing by actors not usually known for their singing.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Call Me (Aretha Franklin song)", "paragraph_text": "``Call Me ''is a song written and recorded by American Soul singer Aretha Franklin. The song was co-produced by Jerry Wexler, Tom Dowd and Arif Mardin. Franklin came up with the idea for the song after she saw a young couple engaged in deep conversation on New York's Park Avenue. Before they parted, Franklin heard them say to each other:`` I love you... call me.'' With the exception of Franklin on piano, musical backing for ``Call Me ''was handled by members of the Muscle Shoals Rhythm Section.`` Call Me'' was released as a single in January 1970 from Aretha's This Girl's in Love with You album and became another hit for her, spending two weeks at number one on the US R&B Singles chart, while reaching number 13 on the Pop chart.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Say You Love Me (Jessie Ware song)", "paragraph_text": "``Say You Love Me ''is a song by British singer Jessie Ware from her second studio album, Tough Love (2014). The song was released in the United Kingdom as a digital download on 28 September 2014 as the second single from the album. The song was written by Ware, Ed Sheeran, Benny Blanco and Ben Ash.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "When You Walk in the Room", "paragraph_text": "``When You Walk in the Room ''is a song written and recorded by Jackie DeShannon, released as a single on November 23, 1963 as the B - Side to`` Till You Say You'll Be Mine''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Say You Love Me (Fleetwood Mac song)", "paragraph_text": "``Say You Love Me ''is a song written by singer Christine McVie, for Fleetwood Mac's 1975 self - titled album. The song peaked at # 11 on the Billboard Hot 100 for three weeks, and remains one of their best known songs. Its success helped the group's eponymous 1975 album to sell over 8 million copies worldwide.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Letty Aronson", "paragraph_text": "Ellen Letty Aronson (née Konigsberg; born in 1943), is an American film producer and is the younger sister of writer and director Woody Allen.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "List of Billboard Hot 100 chart achievements and milestones", "paragraph_text": "Number of singles Artist Biggest number - one † 20 The Beatles ``Hey Jude ''18 Elvis Presley ‡`` Do n't Be Cruel'' / ``Hound Dog ''Mariah Carey`` We Belong Together'' 14 Rihanna ``We Found Love ''13 Michael Jackson`` Say Say Say'' (duet with Paul McCartney) 12 The Supremes ``Love Child ''Madonna`` Like a Virgin'' 11 Whitney Houston ``I Will Always Love You ''10 Stevie Wonder`` Ebony and Ivory'' (duet with Paul McCartney) Janet Jackson ``Miss You Much ''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Khyapar Gaan", "paragraph_text": "Khyapar Gaan (Songs of the loony) was the last album of the Bengali band Moheener Ghoraguli. It was released in 1999. Their song \"Tai Janai Gaaney (Bhalobashi Tomay)\" is based on (both in terms of lyrics and tune) the Jim Croce song \"I'll Have To Say I Love You In A Song\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Majajan", "paragraph_text": "Majajan is a 2006 Pakistani Punjabi film directed by Syed Noor which was released across theaters in Pakistan on 24 March 2006. Director of Majajan Syed Noor married the heroine Saima during the filming of this film. \"Majajan\" is a love story Syed Noor says he \"made most passionately\". Inspired by the life of Baba Bulleh Shah and his 'Ishq' with his 'Murshad'.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "How Sweet It Is (To Be Loved by You)", "paragraph_text": "``How Sweet It Is (To Be Loved by You) ''Single by Marvin Gaye from the album How Sweet It Is to Be Loved by You B - side`` Forever'' Released November 4, 1964 Format 7 ''single Recorded July 24, 1964 Studio Hitsville U.S.A. (Studio A) Genre Soul pop rock Length 2: 57 Label Tamla Songwriter (s) Holland -- Dozier -- Holland Producer (s) Brian Holland Lamont Dozier Marvin Gaye singles chronology ``Baby Do n't You Do It'' (1964)`` How Sweet It Is (To Be Loved by You) ''(1964) ``I'll Be Doggone'' (1965)`` Baby Do n't You Do It ''(1964) ``How Sweet It Is (To Be Loved By You)'' (1964)`` I'll Be Doggone ''(1965)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Natasha Lyonne", "paragraph_text": "Natasha Bianca Lyonne Braunstein (born April 4, 1979), better known as Natasha Lyonne, is an American actress. She is best known for her roles as Nicky Nichols on the Netflix series Orange Is the New Black, for which she received a nomination for the 2014 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series, and Jessica in the American Pie film series. Her other films include Everyone Says I Love You (1996), Slums of Beverly Hills (1998), and But I'm a Cheerleader (1999).", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 116585, "question": "What is the director of Everyone Says I Love You?", "answer": "Woody Allen", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 }, { "id": 243370, "question": "#1 >> sibling", "answer": "Letty Aronson", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 } ]

[ "Ellen Letty Aronson" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Punjab, Pakistan", "paragraph_text": "Despite the lack of a coastline, Punjab is the most industrialised province of Pakistan; its manufacturing industries produce textiles, sports goods, heavy machinery, electrical appliances, surgical instruments, vehicles, auto parts, metals, sugar mill plants, aircraft, cement, agricultural machinery, bicycles and rickshaws, floor coverings, and processed foods. In 2003, the province manufactured 90% of the paper and paper boards, 71% of the fertilizers, 69% of the sugar and 40% of the cement of Pakistan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Shamishi", "paragraph_text": "Shamishi are semolina fried pies that have been produced in Cyprus since at least the 19th century and they are considered a traditional delicacy of the cuisine of Cyprus. Shamishi are known as a dessert that is served hot in special occasions such as weddings and local religious feasts usually along with loukoumades and water and it is a variety of fried pastry filled with halva and semolina. In addition to halva and semolina, shamishi includes ingredients like flour, water, sugar, mastic, oil (corn or groundnut oil), salt, among others.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Prince of Wales (cocktail)", "paragraph_text": "The Prince of Wales is a cocktail created by Albert Edward, Prince of Wales, who later becomes King Edward VII. There are several variations of the cocktail, but what they usually have in common is champagne, angostura bitters, sugar (or simple syrup), either rye whiskey or cognac, and a liqueur.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Shark Energy", "paragraph_text": "Shark Energy Drink is available in a number of variations, including carbonated, uncarbonated versions, sugared and sugar-free. The drink is manufactured in Thailand by the Osotspa Co. Ltd in Bangkok, and also in Europe by Shark AG in Innsbruck, Austria.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Maple liqueur", "paragraph_text": "Maple liqueur refers to various alcoholic products made from maple syrup, primarily in the Northeast United States and Canada. It is most commonly made by mixing Canadian rye whiskey and Canadian maple syrup. Maple liqueur is considered an important cultural beverage in certain Canadian festivals.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Maple syrup", "paragraph_text": "Until the 1930s, the United States produced most of the world's maple syrup. Today, after rapid growth in the 1990s, Canada produces more than 80 percent of the world's maple syrup, producing about 73,000,000 litres (19,000,000 US gal) in 2016. The vast majority of this comes from the province of Quebec, which is the world's largest producer, with about 70 percent of global production.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Changes (David Bowie song)", "paragraph_text": "``Changes ''Single by David Bowie from the album Hunky Dory B - side`` Andy Warhol'' Released 7 January 1972 Format 7 ''single Recorded Trident Studios, London, summer 1971 Genre Art pop, glam rock Length 3: 33 Label RCA Records 2160 Songwriter (s) David Bowie Producer (s) Ken Scott, David Bowie David Bowie singles chronology ``Moonage Daydream'' (1971)`` Changes ''(1972) ``Starman'' (1972)`` Moonage Daydream ''(Arnold Corns) (1971) ``Changes'' (1972)`` Starman ''(1972) Hunky Dory track listing ``Changes'' (1)`` Oh! You Pretty Things ''(2) Alternative cover Music video ``Changes'' (Live) on YouTube", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Corning Museum of Glass", "paragraph_text": "The Corning Museum of Glass is a museum in Corning, New York dedicated to the art, history and science of glass. It was founded in 1951 by Corning Glass Works and currently has a collection of more than 50,000 glass objects, some over 3,500 years old.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Corn Belt", "paragraph_text": "The Corn Belt is a region of the Midwestern United States that, since the 1850s, has dominated corn production in the United States. More generally, the concept of the ``Corn Belt ''connotes the area of the Midwest dominated by farming. Many towns in this area are connected to powerful farm organizations with lobbying power.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Corn production in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Iowa, the largest producer of corn in the US, grows three times as much corn as Mexico. Iowa harvested 3,548 acres (1,436 ha) of sweet corn in 2007. In 2011, the state had 92,300 corn farms on 30,700,000 acres (12,400,000 ha), the average size being 333 acres (135 ha), and the average dollar value per acre being US $6,708. In the same year, there were 13.7 million harvested acres of corn for grain, producing 2.36 billion bushels, which yielded 172.0 bu / acre, with US $14.5 billion of corn value of production. Almost 1.88 billion bushels of corn were grown in the state in 2012 on 13.7 million acres of land, while the 2013 projections are 2.45 billion bushels of corn on 13.97 million acres of land.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Teem", "paragraph_text": "Teem is a lemon-lime-flavored soft drink produced by The Pepsi-Cola Company. It was introduced in 1960 as Pepsi's answer to 7 Up and Coca-Cola's Sprite.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Heaven Hill", "paragraph_text": "Deep Eddy Vodka Distillery is a distillery in Dripping Springs, Texas that manufactures vodka products made of south Texas corn using continuous distillation in a column still. Dripping Springs is not a part of Austin, Texas, but is, in fact, a separate town.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Sippin' on Some Syrup", "paragraph_text": "``Sippin 'on Some Syrup ''Single by Three 6 Mafia featuring UGK and Project Pat from the album When the Smoke Clears: Sixty 6, Sixty 1 Released February 6, 2000 Format CD single, 12'' Recorded 1999 Genre Hip hop Length 4: 24 Label Loud Songwriter (s) Paul Beauregard, Chad L. Butler, Bernard Freeman, Jordan Houston Producer (s) DJ Paul, Juicy J Three 6 Mafia singles chronology``' Who Run It? '''(2000) ``Sippin' on Some Syrup'' (2000)`` 'Stay Fly' ''(2005) Who Run It? (2000) Sippin 'on Some Syrup (2000) Stay Fly (2005)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Cocoa Puffs", "paragraph_text": "Cocoa Puffs is a brand of chocolate-flavored puffed grain breakfast cereal, manufactured by General Mills. Introduced in 1958, the cereal consists of small orbs of corn, oats, and rice flavored with cocoa. Essentially, Cocoa Puffs are Kix cereal with chocolate flavoring; similarly, Trix has been, for most of its existence, fruit-flavored Kix.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Aachener Printen", "paragraph_text": "Aachener Printen are a type of Lebkuchen originating from the city of Aachen in Germany. Somewhat similar to gingerbread, Printen were originally sweetened with honey, but for two centuries the tradition is to use a syrup made from sugar beets.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Valtra", "paragraph_text": "Valtra is a manufacturer of tractors and agricultural machinery and forms part of the AGCO Corporation. Valtra tractors are manufactured in Suolahti, Finland, and Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil. Valtra’s products in the Brazilian market also include combine harvesters, sugar cane harvesters, self-propelled sprayers and seed drills.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Kola Shaler", "paragraph_text": "Kola Shaler is a cola soft drink manufactured in Nicaragua by a company called \"Kola Shaler Industrial\", founded by David Robleto Aleman. Kola Shaler ingredients are imported from England. It is lower in sugar and carbonation compared to others soft drinks.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Es teler", "paragraph_text": "Es Teler is a fruit cocktail from Indonesia. Avocado, coconut meat, cincau, jackfruit and other fruits are served with coconut milk, sweetened condensed milk, \"Pandanus amaryllifolius\" leaf (normally in the form of cocopandan syrup), sugar, and a tiny amount of salt.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar", "paragraph_text": "The Pepsi - Cola Made with Real Sugar, formerly called Throwback, is a brand of soft drink sold by PepsiCo in the United States and in sweet stores in South Australia for its flagship Pepsi and Mountain Dew brands. The drinks, called Pepsi Throwback and Mountain Dew Throwback, are named as such because they are flavored with cane sugar and beet sugar instead of high fructose corn syrup, which soft drink companies used to replace sugar (in their North American products) in the 1980s. In addition, these drinks use retro packaging. As of June 2014, Pepsi Throwback has been replaced in one area of the United States by ``Pepsi - Cola Made with Real Sugar '', a new product formulation, also made without high fructose corn syrup.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Imelletty perunalaatikko", "paragraph_text": "Sweetened potato casserole (Finnish \"imelletty perunalaatikko\") is a traditional Finnish dish from Päijät-Häme, eaten elsewhere in Finland at Christmastime. It is prepared by letting puréed potatoes, mixed with wheat flour, stand at a temperature of around 50°C (122°F). The amylase in the flour will start to break down the potato’s starches to shorter carbohydrate chains, that is sugars. The temperature cannot exceed 75°C (167°F); otherwise, the amylase molecules will break down. Through this process, the dish gets its distinct sweet flavour; nowadays, however, dark syrup (Finnish \"tumma siirappi\") can be added to give it sweetness. Dark syrup is made from sugarcane and it's the most common type of syrup in Finland. It has a similar taste to molasses, but is sweeter.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 827207, "question": "Teem >> manufacturer", "answer": "Pepsi", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 }, { "id": 89145, "question": "when did #1 change from sugar to corn syrup", "answer": "the 1980s", "paragraph_support_idx": 18 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "National Register of Historic Places listings in Oktibbeha County, Mississippi", "paragraph_text": "This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Oktibbeha County, Mississippi, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "National Register of Historic Places listings in Emery County, Utah", "paragraph_text": "This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Emery County, Utah, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Applied Physics Laboratory Ice Station", "paragraph_text": "The Applied Physics Laboratory Ice Station 2007 (APLIS07) is a U.S.A. and Japanese laboratory dedicated to the study of global climate change, located about 300 km south of the Arctic Circle, Alaska on the West Ridge of the University of Alaska Fairbanks campus.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Vellicode", "paragraph_text": "Vellicode is a village located in Kanyakumari District of Tamil Nadu, India on National Highway 47 approximately 47 km south of Trivandrum [Nearest AirPort].", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "National Register of Historic Places listings in Hampden County, Massachusetts", "paragraph_text": "This is a list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Hampden County, Massachusetts, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Seibert Q. Duntley", "paragraph_text": "He started the Visibility Laboratory at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1939/40. It was the brainchild of Duntley and MIT physics chair Dr. Arthur C. Hardy. It was focused on applying optics to such problems as camouflage, misdirection of aerial bombardment, target location, visibility of submerged objects at sea. In 1952, Roger Revelle and Quimby Duntley agreed that the laboratory would become part of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in San Diego, and the U.S. Navy Bureau of Ships agreed to pay for the move. The work of the laboratory centered on the transmission of visible light through the atmosphere and water and the related problems of image formation and recognition. The nature of much of the research required measurements of the optical properties of the ocean or atmosphere for which no instruments existed. As a result of these requirements, many unique and very specialized instruments were developed by the laboratory, many of which were based on concepts or optical designs devised by Duntley. He earned the academic rank of Professor in 1966 and taught at Scripps Institution of Oceanography and at the Department of Applied Physics and Information Science (APIS) at UCSD until his retirement.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "University of Chicago", "paragraph_text": "The university operates 12 research institutes and 113 research centers on campus. Among these are the Oriental Institute—a museum and research center for Near Eastern studies owned and operated by the university—and a number of National Resource Centers, including the Center for Middle Eastern Studies. Chicago also operates or is affiliated with a number of research institutions apart from the university proper. The university partially manages Argonne National Laboratory, part of the United States Department of Energy's national laboratory system, and has a joint stake in Fermilab, a nearby particle physics laboratory, as well as a stake in the Apache Point Observatory in Sunspot, New Mexico. Faculty and students at the adjacent Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago collaborate with the university, In 2013, the university announced that it was affiliating the formerly independent Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Mass. Although formally unrelated, the National Opinion Research Center is located on Chicago's campus.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Fiodar Fiodaraŭ", "paragraph_text": "He took an active part in the organization of the Institute of Physics and Mathematics of the Belarus Science Academy, and was the leader of one of the four major laboratories there (the laboratory of theoretical physics) until 1987.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "National Register of Historic Places listings in Clay County, Indiana", "paragraph_text": "This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Clay County, Indiana, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "National Register of Historic Places listings in Wells County, Indiana", "paragraph_text": "This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Wells County, Indiana, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Karjule Hareshwar", "paragraph_text": "Karjule Hareshwar formerly called Karjule Harya is a village in Ahmednagar district of Maharashtra, India. This village is located on Kalyan Ahmednagar highway National Highway 222. It is located 50 km towards west from District headquarters Ahmednagar. 25 km from Parner. 181 km from State capital Mumbai. It is well known village as Mumbaikar's Village. Most of the family members are working in Mumbai in transportation and many more things.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "National Register of Historic Places listings in Hinds County, Mississippi", "paragraph_text": "This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Hinds County, Mississippi, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Thekkady", "paragraph_text": "Thekkady (Idukki district) is the location of the Periyar National Park, which is an important tourist attraction in the Kerala state of India.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Marcela Carena", "paragraph_text": "Marcela Carena (born March 22, 1962 in Buenos Aires, Argentina) is a theoretical physicist at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory and a professor at the University of Chicago and the Enrico Fermi Institute. She is the Director of International Relations at Fermilab, as well as the head of the Theoretical Physics Department. As of January 1, 2016 she is the Chair Elect of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American Physical Society.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "National Register of Historic Places listings in Clark County, Missouri", "paragraph_text": "This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Clark County, Missouri, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "National Physical Laboratory of India", "paragraph_text": "The National Physical Laboratory of India, situated in New Delhi, is the measurement standards laboratory of India. It maintains standards of SI units in India and calibrates the national standards of weights and measures.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Kimballton, Virginia", "paragraph_text": "Kimballton is an unincorporated community in Giles County, Virginia, United States. Kimballton is located on Stony Creek, northeast of Pearisburg. Virginia Tech's Kimballton Underground Research Facility, a low-background physics laboratory, is located in a limestone mine in Kimballton.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "National Register of Historic Places listings in Tishomingo County, Mississippi", "paragraph_text": "This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Tishomingo County, Mississippi, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "List of districts of Delhi", "paragraph_text": "Sl.No. District Headquarter Sub divisions (Tehsils) New Delhi Connaught Place Chanakyapuri Delhi Cantonment Vasant Vihar North Delhi Narela Model Town Narela Alipur North West Delhi Kanjhawala Rohini Kanjhawala Saraswati Vihar West Delhi Rajouri Garden Patel Nagar Punjabi Bagh Rajouri Garden 5 South West Delhi Dwarka Dwarka Najafgarh Kapashera 6 South Delhi Saket Saket Hauz Khas Mehrauli 7 South East Delhi Defence Colony Defence Colony Kalkaji Sarita Vihar 8 Central Delhi Daryaganj Kotwali Civil Lines Karol Bagh 9 North East Delhi Seelampur Seelampur Yamuna Vihar Karawal Nagar 10 Shahdara Shahdara Shahdara Seemapuri Vivek Vihar 11 East Delhi Preet Vihar Gandhi Nagar Preet Vihar Mayur Vihar", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Rasoolpur Abad", "paragraph_text": "Rasoolpur Abad is a village in Bijnor district of Uttar Pradesh state in India. It is located south 10 kilometers of Kalagarh and Jim Corbett National Park, Uttarakhand.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 45290, "question": "where is the national physical laboratory located in india", "answer": "in New Delhi", "paragraph_support_idx": 15 }, { "id": 52135, "question": "how many districts are there in #1", "answer": "11", "paragraph_support_idx": 18 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Punjab, Pakistan", "paragraph_text": "Despite the lack of a coastline, Punjab is the most industrialised province of Pakistan; its manufacturing industries produce textiles, sports goods, heavy machinery, electrical appliances, surgical instruments, vehicles, auto parts, metals, sugar mill plants, aircraft, cement, agricultural machinery, bicycles and rickshaws, floor coverings, and processed foods. In 2003, the province manufactured 90% of the paper and paper boards, 71% of the fertilizers, 69% of the sugar and 40% of the cement of Pakistan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Es teler", "paragraph_text": "Es Teler is a fruit cocktail from Indonesia. Avocado, coconut meat, cincau, jackfruit and other fruits are served with coconut milk, sweetened condensed milk, \"Pandanus amaryllifolius\" leaf (normally in the form of cocopandan syrup), sugar, and a tiny amount of salt.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Corn production in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Iowa, the largest producer of corn in the US, grows three times as much corn as Mexico. Iowa harvested 3,548 acres (1,436 ha) of sweet corn in 2007. In 2011, the state had 92,300 corn farms on 30,700,000 acres (12,400,000 ha), the average size being 333 acres (135 ha), and the average dollar value per acre being US $6,708. In the same year, there were 13.7 million harvested acres of corn for grain, producing 2.36 billion bushels, which yielded 172.0 bu / acre, with US $14.5 billion of corn value of production. Almost 1.88 billion bushels of corn were grown in the state in 2012 on 13.7 million acres of land, while the 2013 projections are 2.45 billion bushels of corn on 13.97 million acres of land.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Maple syrup", "paragraph_text": "Until the 1930s, the United States produced most of the world's maple syrup. Today, after rapid growth in the 1990s, Canada produces more than 80 percent of the world's maple syrup, producing about 73,000,000 litres (19,000,000 US gal) in 2016. The vast majority of this comes from the province of Quebec, which is the world's largest producer, with about 70 percent of global production.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Prince of Wales (cocktail)", "paragraph_text": "The Prince of Wales is a cocktail created by Albert Edward, Prince of Wales, who later becomes King Edward VII. There are several variations of the cocktail, but what they usually have in common is champagne, angostura bitters, sugar (or simple syrup), either rye whiskey or cognac, and a liqueur.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Shamishi", "paragraph_text": "Shamishi are semolina fried pies that have been produced in Cyprus since at least the 19th century and they are considered a traditional delicacy of the cuisine of Cyprus. Shamishi are known as a dessert that is served hot in special occasions such as weddings and local religious feasts usually along with loukoumades and water and it is a variety of fried pastry filled with halva and semolina. In addition to halva and semolina, shamishi includes ingredients like flour, water, sugar, mastic, oil (corn or groundnut oil), salt, among others.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Corning Museum of Glass", "paragraph_text": "The Corning Museum of Glass is a museum in Corning, New York dedicated to the art, history and science of glass. It was founded in 1951 by Corning Glass Works and currently has a collection of more than 50,000 glass objects, some over 3,500 years old.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "High-fructose corn syrup", "paragraph_text": "High - fructose corn syrup (HFCS) (also called glucose - fructose, isoglucose and glucose - fructose syrup) is a sweetener made from corn starch that has been processed by glucose isomerase to convert some of its glucose into fructose. HFCS was first marketed in the early 1970s by the Clinton Corn Processing Company, together with the Japanese Agency of Industrial Science and Technology where the enzyme was discovered in 1965.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Valtra", "paragraph_text": "Valtra is a manufacturer of tractors and agricultural machinery and forms part of the AGCO Corporation. Valtra tractors are manufactured in Suolahti, Finland, and Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil. Valtra’s products in the Brazilian market also include combine harvesters, sugar cane harvesters, self-propelled sprayers and seed drills.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Red", "paragraph_text": "During the summer growing season, phosphate is at a high level. It has a vital role in the breakdown of the sugars manufactured by chlorophyll. But in the fall, phosphate, along with the other chemicals and nutrients, moves out of the leaf into the stem of the plant. When this happens, the sugar-breakdown process changes, leading to the production of anthocyanin pigments. The brighter the light during this period, the greater the production of anthocyanins and the more brilliant the resulting color display. When the days of autumn are bright and cool, and the nights are chilly but not freezing, the brightest colorations usually develop.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar", "paragraph_text": "The Pepsi - Cola Made with Real Sugar, formerly called Throwback, is a brand of soft drink sold by PepsiCo in the United States and in sweet stores in South Australia for its flagship Pepsi and Mountain Dew brands. The drinks, called Pepsi Throwback and Mountain Dew Throwback, are named as such because they are flavored with cane sugar and beet sugar instead of high fructose corn syrup, which soft drink companies used to replace sugar (in their North American products) in the 1980s. In addition, these drinks use retro packaging. As of June 2014, Pepsi Throwback has been replaced in one area of the United States by ``Pepsi - Cola Made with Real Sugar '', a new product formulation, also made without high fructose corn syrup.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Tava (soft drink)", "paragraph_text": "Tava was a carbonated beverage fortified with vitamins and minerals, released by PepsiCo in the first half of 2008. It was marketed exclusively on the web.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Maple liqueur", "paragraph_text": "Maple liqueur refers to various alcoholic products made from maple syrup, primarily in the Northeast United States and Canada. It is most commonly made by mixing Canadian rye whiskey and Canadian maple syrup. Maple liqueur is considered an important cultural beverage in certain Canadian festivals.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Kola Shaler", "paragraph_text": "Kola Shaler is a cola soft drink manufactured in Nicaragua by a company called \"Kola Shaler Industrial\", founded by David Robleto Aleman. Kola Shaler ingredients are imported from England. It is lower in sugar and carbonation compared to others soft drinks.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Changes (David Bowie song)", "paragraph_text": "``Changes ''Single by David Bowie from the album Hunky Dory B - side`` Andy Warhol'' Released 7 January 1972 Format 7 ''single Recorded Trident Studios, London, summer 1971 Genre Art pop, glam rock Length 3: 33 Label RCA Records 2160 Songwriter (s) David Bowie Producer (s) Ken Scott, David Bowie David Bowie singles chronology ``Moonage Daydream'' (1971)`` Changes ''(1972) ``Starman'' (1972)`` Moonage Daydream ''(Arnold Corns) (1971) ``Changes'' (1972)`` Starman ''(1972) Hunky Dory track listing ``Changes'' (1)`` Oh! You Pretty Things ''(2) Alternative cover Music video ``Changes'' (Live) on YouTube", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Cocoa Puffs", "paragraph_text": "Cocoa Puffs is a brand of chocolate-flavored puffed grain breakfast cereal, manufactured by General Mills. Introduced in 1958, the cereal consists of small orbs of corn, oats, and rice flavored with cocoa. Essentially, Cocoa Puffs are Kix cereal with chocolate flavoring; similarly, Trix has been, for most of its existence, fruit-flavored Kix.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Heaven Hill", "paragraph_text": "Deep Eddy Vodka Distillery is a distillery in Dripping Springs, Texas that manufactures vodka products made of south Texas corn using continuous distillation in a column still. Dripping Springs is not a part of Austin, Texas, but is, in fact, a separate town.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Birinci Udullu", "paragraph_text": "Birinci Udullu (also, Tava, Udula, Uduli, Uduli Pervyye, Udullu Pervoye, Udulu, and Uduly) is a village and municipality in the Hajigabul District of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 1,837.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Shark Energy", "paragraph_text": "Shark Energy Drink is available in a number of variations, including carbonated, uncarbonated versions, sugared and sugar-free. The drink is manufactured in Thailand by the Osotspa Co. Ltd in Bangkok, and also in Europe by Shark AG in Innsbruck, Austria.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Corn Belt", "paragraph_text": "The Corn Belt is a region of the Midwestern United States that, since the 1850s, has dominated corn production in the United States. More generally, the concept of the ``Corn Belt ''connotes the area of the Midwest dominated by farming. Many towns in this area are connected to powerful farm organizations with lobbying power.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 802256, "question": "Tava >> manufacturer", "answer": "Pepsi", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 }, { "id": 89145, "question": "when did #1 change from sugar to corn syrup", "answer": "the 1980s", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Glass", "paragraph_text": "The observation that old windows are sometimes found to be thicker at the bottom than at the top is often offered as supporting evidence for the view that glass flows over a timescale of centuries, the assumption being that the glass has exhibited the liquid property of flowing from one shape to another. This assumption is incorrect, as once solidified, glass stops flowing. The reason for the observation is that in the past, when panes of glass were commonly made by glassblowers, the technique used was to spin molten glass so as to create a round, mostly flat and even plate (the crown glass process, described above). This plate was then cut to fit a window. The pieces were not absolutely flat; the edges of the disk became a different thickness as the glass spun. When installed in a window frame, the glass would be placed with the thicker side down both for the sake of stability and to prevent water accumulating in the lead cames at the bottom of the window. Occasionally such glass has been found installed with the thicker side at the top, left or right.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "BrowserChoice.eu", "paragraph_text": "BrowserChoice.eu was a website created by Microsoft in March 2010 following a decision in the European Union Microsoft competition case. The case involved legal proceedings by the European Union against Microsoft and found that, by including Internet Explorer with their market-dominant Windows operating system, Microsoft had used this dominance to create a similar market position in the web browser market. The BrowserChoice.eu website was created to allow users that had not made, or were unaware of, a choice to try other browsers, and thus comply with the European Commission's ruling.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Windows 8", "paragraph_text": "The term \"Immersive app\" had been used internally by Microsoft developers to refer to the apps prior to the first official presentation of Windows 8, after which they were referred to as \"Metro-style apps\" in reference to the Metro design language. The term was phased out in August 2012; a Microsoft spokesperson denied rumors that the change was related to a potential trademark issue, and stated that \"Metro\" was only a codename that would be replaced prior to Windows 8's release. Following these reports, the terms \"Modern UI-style apps\", \"Windows 8-style apps\" and \"Windows Store apps\" began to be used by various Microsoft documents and material to refer to the new apps. In an interview on September 12, 2012, Soma Somasegar (vice president of Microsoft's development software division) confirmed that \"Windows Store apps\" would be the official term for the apps. An MSDN page explaining the Metro design language uses the term \"Modern design\" to refer to the language as a whole.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Windows 8", "paragraph_text": "Retail distribution of Windows 8 has since been discontinued in favor of Windows 8.1. Unlike 8, 8.1 is available as \"full version software\" at both retail and online for download that does not require a previous version of Windows in order to be installed. Pricing for these new copies remain identical. With the retail release returning to full version software for Windows 8.1, the \"Personal Use License\" exemption was removed from the OEM SKU, meaning that end users building their own PCs for personal use must use the full retail version in order to satisfy the Windows 8.1 licensing requirements. Windows 8.1 with Bing is a special OEM-specific SKU of Windows 8.1 subsidized by Microsoft's Bing search engine.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "Several subsets of Unicode are standardized: Microsoft Windows since Windows NT 4.0 supports WGL-4 with 652 characters, which is considered to support all contemporary European languages using the Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic script. Other standardized subsets of Unicode include the Multilingual European Subsets: MES-1 (Latin scripts only, 335 characters), MES-2 (Latin, Greek and Cyrillic 1062 characters) and MES-3A & MES-3B (two larger subsets, not shown here). Note that MES-2 includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Paper", "paragraph_text": "There are three main chemical pulping processes: the sulfite process dates back to the 1840s and it was the dominant method extent before the second world war. The kraft process, invented in the 1870s and first used in the 1890s, is now the most commonly practiced strategy, one of its advantages is the chemical reaction with lignin, that produces heat, which can be used to run a generator. Most pulping operations using the kraft process are net contributors to the electricity grid or use the electricity to run an adjacent paper mill. Another advantage is that this process recovers and reuses all inorganic chemical reagents. Soda pulping is another specialty process used to pulp straws, bagasse and hardwoods with high silicate content.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Windows 8", "paragraph_text": "Task Manager has been redesigned, including a new processes tab with the option to display fewer or more details of running applications and background processes, a heat map using different colors indicating the level of resource usage, network and disk counters, grouping by process type (e.g. applications, background processes and Windows processes), friendly names for processes and a new option which allows users to search the web to find information about obscure processes. Additionally, the Blue Screen of Death has been updated with a simpler and modern design with less technical information displayed.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Windows 8", "paragraph_text": "In March 2013, Microsoft also amended its certification requirements to allow tablets to use the 1024×768 resolution as a minimum; this change is expected to allow the production of certified Windows 8 tablets in smaller form factors—a market which is currently dominated by Android-based tablets. Despite the reaction of industry experts, Microsoft reported that they had sold 100 million licenses in the first six months. This matched sales of Windows 7 over a similar period. This statistic includes shipments to channel warehouses which now need to be sold in order to make way for new shipments.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Windows Media Player", "paragraph_text": "Beginning with Windows Vista, Windows Media Player supports the Media Foundation framework besides DirectShow; as such it plays certain types of media using Media Foundation as well as some types of media using DirectShow. Windows Media Player 12 was released with Windows 7. It included support for more media formats and added new features. With Windows 8, however, the player did not receive an upgrade.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Noetherian topological space", "paragraph_text": "In mathematics, a Noetherian topological space, named for Emmy Noether, is a topological space in which closed subsets satisfy the descending chain condition. Equivalently, we could say that the open subsets satisfy the ascending chain condition, since they are the complements of the closed subsets. It can also be shown to be equivalent that every open subset of such a space is compact, and in fact the seemingly stronger statement that \"every\" subset is compact.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Time Ace", "paragraph_text": "Time Ace is an aerial combat game developed for the Nintendo DS by Trainwreck Studios and The Farm 51 and published by Konami. The game was released on June 12, 2007. Time Ace is based on the concept that an eccentric inventor from 1914, Dr. Hugo Clock, has formed a plan to travel forward in time to end World War I, but the evil Dr. Klaus Scythe uses the time machine to further his own plan for world domination. The player's goal is to stop Scythe's scheme.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "Unicode defines two mapping methods: the Unicode Transformation Format (UTF) encodings, and the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) encodings. An encoding maps (possibly a subset of) the range of Unicode code points to sequences of values in some fixed-size range, termed code values. The numbers in the names of the encodings indicate the number of bits per code value (for UTF encodings) or the number of bytes per code value (for UCS encodings). UTF-8 and UTF-16 are probably the most commonly used encodings. UCS-2 is an obsolete subset of UTF-16; UCS-4 and UTF-32 are functionally equivalent.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "WinEdt", "paragraph_text": "WinEdt is a shareware Unicode (UTF-8) editor and shell for Microsoft Windows. It is primarily used for the creation of TeX (or LaTeX) documents, but can also be used to edit HTML or any other type of text file. It can be configured to run as a front-end for a variety of TeX systems, including MiKTeX, fpTeX and TeX Live. WinEdt's highlighting schemes can be customized for different modes and its spell checking functionality supports multi-lingual setups, with dictionaries (word-lists) for many languages available for downloading from WinEdt's Community Site. It supports DVI and PDF workflow.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Sanskrit", "paragraph_text": "Since the late 18th century, Sanskrit has been transliterated using the Latin alphabet. The system most commonly used today is the IAST (International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration), which has been the academic standard since 1888. ASCII-based transliteration schemes have also evolved because of difficulties representing Sanskrit characters in computer systems. These include Harvard-Kyoto and ITRANS, a transliteration scheme that is used widely on the Internet, especially in Usenet and in email, for considerations of speed of entry as well as rendering issues. With the wide availability of Unicode-aware web browsers, IAST has become common online. It is also possible to type using an alphanumeric keyboard and transliterate to Devanagari using software like Mac OS X's international support.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Language processing in the brain", "paragraph_text": "Much of the language function is processed in several association areas, and there are two well - identified areas that are considered vital for human communication: Wernicke's area and Broca's area. These areas are usually located in the dominant hemisphere (the left hemisphere in 97% of people) and are considered the most important areas for language processing. This is why language is considered a localized and lateralized function.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "Unicode has become the dominant scheme for internal processing and storage of text. Although a great deal of text is still stored in legacy encodings, Unicode is used almost exclusively for building new information processing systems. Early adopters tended to use UCS-2 (the fixed-width two-byte precursor to UTF-16) and later moved to UTF-16 (the variable-width current standard), as this was the least disruptive way to add support for non-BMP characters. The best known such system is Windows NT (and its descendants, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Vista and Windows 7), which uses UTF-16 as the sole internal character encoding. The Java and .NET bytecode environments, Mac OS X, and KDE also use it for internal representation. Unicode is available on Windows 95 through Microsoft Layer for Unicode, as well as on its descendants, Windows 98 and Windows ME.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Indigenous peoples of the Americas", "paragraph_text": "The Native American name controversy is an ongoing dispute over the acceptable ways to refer to the indigenous peoples of the Americas and to broad subsets thereof, such as those living in a specific country or sharing certain cultural attributes. When discussing broader subsets of peoples, naming may be based on shared language, region, or historical relationship. Many English exonyms have been used to refer to the indigenous peoples of the Americas. Some of these names were based on foreign-language terms used by earlier explorers and colonists, while others resulted from the colonists' attempt to translate endonyms from the native language into their own, and yet others were pejorative terms arising out of prejudice and fear, during periods of conflict.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "WannaCry ransomware attack", "paragraph_text": "WannaCry propagates using EternalBlue, an exploit of Windows' Server Message Block (SMB) protocol. Much of the attention and comment around the event was occasioned by the fact that the U.S. National Security Agency (NSA) had already discovered the vulnerability, but used it to create an exploit for its own offensive work, rather than report it to Microsoft. Microsoft eventually discovered the vulnerability, and on Tuesday, March 14, 2017, they issued security bulletin MS17 - 010, which detailed the flaw and announced that patches had been released for all Windows versions that were currently supported at that time, these being Windows 7, Windows 8.1, Windows 10, Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2012, and Windows Server 2016, in addition to Windows Vista (which had recently ended support). However, many Windows users had not installed the patches when, two months later on May 12, 2017, WannaCry used the EternalBlue vulnerability to spread itself. The next day, Microsoft released emergency security patches for Windows 7 and Windows 8.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Light-dependent reactions", "paragraph_text": "The photosynthesis process in chloroplasts begins when an electron of P680 of PSII attains a higher - energy level. This energy is used to reduce a chain of electron acceptors that have subsequently lowered redox - potentials. This chain of electron acceptors is known as an electron transport chain. When this chain reaches PS I, an electron is again excited, creating a high redox - potential. The electron transport chain of photosynthesis is often put in a diagram called the z - scheme, because the redox diagram from P680 to P700 resembles the letter z.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Microsoft Security Essentials", "paragraph_text": "Support for MSE has officially ended for Windows Vista and Windows XP. Older versions still function on those systems and definition updates remain available. It is still supported on Windows 7 until January 14, 2020.Microsoft Security Essentials does not run on Windows 8 and later, which has its own security subsystem, Windows Defender. On September 13, 2011, at the Build conference in Anaheim, California, Microsoft unveiled the developer preview of Windows 8, which had a security component capable of preventing an infected USB flash memory from compromising the system during the boot process. On September 15, Windows 8 developer's blog confirmed that Windows Defender in Windows 8 would take over the role of virus protection. In an included video, Jason Garms of Microsoft showed how Windows Defender is registered with Action Center as an AV and spyware protection tool, and how it blocks drive-by malware. On March 3, 2012, Softpedia reviewed the consumer preview of Windows 8 and noted the similarity in appearance of Windows Defender and Microsoft Security Essentials 4.0 Beta. According to Softpedia, Windows 8 Setup requires Microsoft Security Essentials to be uninstalled before upgrading from Windows 7.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 25985, "question": "What is the dominant scheme for internal processing?", "answer": "Unicode", "paragraph_support_idx": 15 }, { "id": 25981, "question": "What subset of #1 is used by Windows?", "answer": "WGL-4 with 652 characters", "paragraph_support_idx": 4 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Glass", "paragraph_text": "Fused quartz is a glass made from chemically-pure SiO2 (silica). It has excellent thermal shock characteristics, being able to survive immersion in water while red hot. However, its high melting-temperature (1723 °C) and viscosity make it difficult to work with. Normally, other substances are added to simplify processing. One is sodium carbonate (Na2CO3, \"soda\"), which lowers the glass transition temperature. The soda makes the glass water-soluble, which is usually undesirable, so lime (calcium oxide [CaO], generally obtained from limestone), some magnesium oxide (MgO) and aluminium oxide (Al2O3) are added to provide for a better chemical durability. The resulting glass contains about 70 to 74% silica by weight and is called a soda-lime glass. Soda-lime glasses account for about 90% of manufactured glass.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "A&W Cream Soda", "paragraph_text": "A&W Cream Soda is a cream soda carbonated soft drink introduced by A&W Root Beer in 1986. A&W Root Beer was first sold at a Veterans Day parade in Lodi, California in 1919 and the company established in 1922 by Frank Wright and Roy Allen. The first product they created was A & W Root Beer. It was not until 1986 that A&W Brands, headquartered in White Plains, N.Y. introduced A&W Cream Soda and A&W Diet Cream Soda through its network of franchised bottlers and distributors. Although cream soda had been created in 1852 by E.M. Sheldon, A&W Brands was one of the first American companies to make it commercially. In 1993, A&W Brands was purchased by Cadbury/Schweppes, and in 1995 Cadbury/Schweppes purchased the Dr. Pepper/Seven-Up Company, which made A&W a part of the Dr. Pepper/Seven Up, Inc. In 2001, DPSU purchased the Snapple Beverage Group (formally TriArc Beverages), and moved the New York-based company operations to its new headquarters in Plano, Texas. This acquisition put A&W within the same company as the top soda brand companies and made A&W Cream Soda the top brand in cream sodas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar", "paragraph_text": "The Pepsi - Cola Made with Real Sugar, formerly called Throwback, is a brand of soft drink sold by PepsiCo in the United States and in sweet stores in South Australia for its flagship Pepsi and Mountain Dew brands. The drinks, called Pepsi Throwback and Mountain Dew Throwback, are named as such because they are flavored with cane sugar and beet sugar instead of high fructose corn syrup, which soft drink companies used to replace sugar (in their North American products) in the 1980s. In addition, these drinks use retro packaging. As of June 2014, Pepsi Throwback has been replaced in one area of the United States by ``Pepsi - Cola Made with Real Sugar '', a new product formulation, also made without high fructose corn syrup.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 3, "title": "High-fructose corn syrup", "paragraph_text": "High - fructose corn syrup (HFCS) (also called glucose - fructose, isoglucose and glucose - fructose syrup) is a sweetener made from corn starch that has been processed by glucose isomerase to convert some of its glucose into fructose. HFCS was first marketed in the early 1970s by the Clinton Corn Processing Company, together with the Japanese Agency of Industrial Science and Technology where the enzyme was discovered in 1965.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Maple liqueur", "paragraph_text": "Maple liqueur refers to various alcoholic products made from maple syrup, primarily in the Northeast United States and Canada. It is most commonly made by mixing Canadian rye whiskey and Canadian maple syrup. Maple liqueur is considered an important cultural beverage in certain Canadian festivals.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Imelletty perunalaatikko", "paragraph_text": "Sweetened potato casserole (Finnish \"imelletty perunalaatikko\") is a traditional Finnish dish from Päijät-Häme, eaten elsewhere in Finland at Christmastime. It is prepared by letting puréed potatoes, mixed with wheat flour, stand at a temperature of around 50°C (122°F). The amylase in the flour will start to break down the potato’s starches to shorter carbohydrate chains, that is sugars. The temperature cannot exceed 75°C (167°F); otherwise, the amylase molecules will break down. Through this process, the dish gets its distinct sweet flavour; nowadays, however, dark syrup (Finnish \"tumma siirappi\") can be added to give it sweetness. Dark syrup is made from sugarcane and it's the most common type of syrup in Finland. It has a similar taste to molasses, but is sweeter.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Cott", "paragraph_text": "Cott Beverage Corporation was founded in 1923 by Solomon Cott, a Polish immigrant, and his son Harry, in Port Chester, New York. Harry Pencer, a clothier from Montreal, Quebec, Canada, began to import Cott sodas into Quebec, Canada, in 1952. In 1955 Pencer acquired the Canadian rights to the Cott label and established Cott Beverages (Canada) Ltd., to bottle the Cott line of sodas. From 1976 to 1991, Cott expanded its distribution throughout Canada and back into the U.S. and into Europe. In 1969, the name was changed to Cott Beverages Ltd., and in 1991 to Cott Corporation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Heaven Hill", "paragraph_text": "Deep Eddy Vodka Distillery is a distillery in Dripping Springs, Texas that manufactures vodka products made of south Texas corn using continuous distillation in a column still. Dripping Springs is not a part of Austin, Texas, but is, in fact, a separate town.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Red", "paragraph_text": "During the summer growing season, phosphate is at a high level. It has a vital role in the breakdown of the sugars manufactured by chlorophyll. But in the fall, phosphate, along with the other chemicals and nutrients, moves out of the leaf into the stem of the plant. When this happens, the sugar-breakdown process changes, leading to the production of anthocyanin pigments. The brighter the light during this period, the greater the production of anthocyanins and the more brilliant the resulting color display. When the days of autumn are bright and cool, and the nights are chilly but not freezing, the brightest colorations usually develop.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Punjab, Pakistan", "paragraph_text": "Despite the lack of a coastline, Punjab is the most industrialised province of Pakistan; its manufacturing industries produce textiles, sports goods, heavy machinery, electrical appliances, surgical instruments, vehicles, auto parts, metals, sugar mill plants, aircraft, cement, agricultural machinery, bicycles and rickshaws, floor coverings, and processed foods. In 2003, the province manufactured 90% of the paper and paper boards, 71% of the fertilizers, 69% of the sugar and 40% of the cement of Pakistan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Shamishi", "paragraph_text": "Shamishi are semolina fried pies that have been produced in Cyprus since at least the 19th century and they are considered a traditional delicacy of the cuisine of Cyprus. Shamishi are known as a dessert that is served hot in special occasions such as weddings and local religious feasts usually along with loukoumades and water and it is a variety of fried pastry filled with halva and semolina. In addition to halva and semolina, shamishi includes ingredients like flour, water, sugar, mastic, oil (corn or groundnut oil), salt, among others.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "La Fave Block", "paragraph_text": "The La Fave Block is located at the intersection of East Cooper Avenue and South Hunter Street in Aspen, Colorado, United States. It is a brick commercial building erected in the late 1880s, during the initial mining boom that created Aspen. Today it is the second oldest brick commercial building in the city, and, along with its neighbors on East Cooper, the only structure left built by Frank LaFave, one of Aspen's early settlers. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Aachener Printen", "paragraph_text": "Aachener Printen are a type of Lebkuchen originating from the city of Aachen in Germany. Somewhat similar to gingerbread, Printen were originally sweetened with honey, but for two centuries the tradition is to use a syrup made from sugar beets.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Soda Springs (near Boonville), Mendocino County, California", "paragraph_text": "Soda Springs (also, Soda Spring and Singleys Soda Spring) is an unincorporated community in Mendocino County, California. It is located northeast of Boonville, at an elevation of 1388 feet (423 m).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Cocoa Puffs", "paragraph_text": "Cocoa Puffs is a brand of chocolate-flavored puffed grain breakfast cereal, manufactured by General Mills. Introduced in 1958, the cereal consists of small orbs of corn, oats, and rice flavored with cocoa. Essentially, Cocoa Puffs are Kix cereal with chocolate flavoring; similarly, Trix has been, for most of its existence, fruit-flavored Kix.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Kola Shaler", "paragraph_text": "Kola Shaler is a cola soft drink manufactured in Nicaragua by a company called \"Kola Shaler Industrial\", founded by David Robleto Aleman. Kola Shaler ingredients are imported from England. It is lower in sugar and carbonation compared to others soft drinks.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Valtra", "paragraph_text": "Valtra is a manufacturer of tractors and agricultural machinery and forms part of the AGCO Corporation. Valtra tractors are manufactured in Suolahti, Finland, and Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil. Valtra’s products in the Brazilian market also include combine harvesters, sugar cane harvesters, self-propelled sprayers and seed drills.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Aspen Soda", "paragraph_text": "Aspen Soda was an apple-flavored soft drink sold across the United States by PepsiCo from 1978 until 1982. In 1984, PepsiCo came out with a replacement apple soda under its new Slice line.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Prince of Wales (cocktail)", "paragraph_text": "The Prince of Wales is a cocktail created by Albert Edward, Prince of Wales, who later becomes King Edward VII. There are several variations of the cocktail, but what they usually have in common is champagne, angostura bitters, sugar (or simple syrup), either rye whiskey or cognac, and a liqueur.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Es teler", "paragraph_text": "Es Teler is a fruit cocktail from Indonesia. Avocado, coconut meat, cincau, jackfruit and other fruits are served with coconut milk, sweetened condensed milk, \"Pandanus amaryllifolius\" leaf (normally in the form of cocopandan syrup), sugar, and a tiny amount of salt.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 217416, "question": "Aspen Soda >> manufacturer", "answer": "Pepsi", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 }, { "id": 89145, "question": "when did #1 change from sugar to corn syrup", "answer": "the 1980s", "paragraph_support_idx": 2 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Alenush Terian", "paragraph_text": "Teriān graduated in 1947 in the Science Department of University of Tehran. She began her career in the physics laboratory of this university and was elected the chief of laboratory operations in the same year.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Cherrapunji", "paragraph_text": "Sohra or Cherrapunji has a mild subtropical highland climate (Köppen Cwb), with monsoonal influences typical of India. The city's annual rainfall average stands at 11,777 millimetres (463.7 in). This figure places it behind only nearby Mawsynram, Meghalaya, whose average is 11,873 millimetres (467.4 in). Cherrapunji receives both the southwest and northeast monsoonal winds, giving it a single monsoon season. It lies on the windward side of the Khasi Hills, so the resulting orographic lift enhances precipitation. In the winter months it receives the northeast monsoon showers that travel down the Brahmaputra valley. The driest months are November, December, January and February.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Climate of India", "paragraph_text": "Post-monsoon or autumn season, lasting from October to November. In the northwest of India, October and November are usually cloudless. Tamil Nadu receives most of its annual precipitation in the northeast monsoon season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Climate of India", "paragraph_text": "The Climate of India comprises a wide range of weather conditions across a vast geographic scale and varied topography, making generalisations difficult. Based on the Köppen system, India hosts six major climatic subtypes, ranging from arid desert in the west, alpine tundra and glaciers in the north, and humid tropical regions supporting rainforests in the southwest and the island territories. Many regions have starkly different microclimates. The country's meteorological department follows the international standard of four climatological seasons with some local adjustments: winter (December, January and February), summer (March, April and May), a monsoon rainy season (June to September), and a post-monsoon period (October to November).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "University of Chicago", "paragraph_text": "The university operates 12 research institutes and 113 research centers on campus. Among these are the Oriental Institute—a museum and research center for Near Eastern studies owned and operated by the university—and a number of National Resource Centers, including the Center for Middle Eastern Studies. Chicago also operates or is affiliated with a number of research institutions apart from the university proper. The university partially manages Argonne National Laboratory, part of the United States Department of Energy's national laboratory system, and has a joint stake in Fermilab, a nearby particle physics laboratory, as well as a stake in the Apache Point Observatory in Sunspot, New Mexico. Faculty and students at the adjacent Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago collaborate with the university, In 2013, the university announced that it was affiliating the formerly independent Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Mass. Although formally unrelated, the National Opinion Research Center is located on Chicago's campus.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Kimballton, Virginia", "paragraph_text": "Kimballton is an unincorporated community in Giles County, Virginia, United States. Kimballton is located on Stony Creek, northeast of Pearisburg. Virginia Tech's Kimballton Underground Research Facility, a low-background physics laboratory, is located in a limestone mine in Kimballton.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "2009–10 NLA season", "paragraph_text": "The 2009–10 National League A season was the third ice hockey season of the National League A since the reorganization of the Swiss league. Prior to the season, no promotion and relegation occurred between the National League A and National League B as a result of NLA club Biel's victory over Lausanne in the prior season's relegation playoff.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Persis Drell", "paragraph_text": "Persis S. Drell is an American physicist best known for her expertise in the field of particle physics. She was the director of the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory from 2007 to 2012. She was dean of the Stanford University School of Engineering from 2014 until 2017. Drell became the Provost of Stanford University on February 1, 2017.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Irrigation in India", "paragraph_text": "Irrigation in India includes a network of major and minor canals from Indian rivers, groundwater well based systems, tanks, and other rainwater harvesting projects for agricultural activities. Of these groundwater system is the largest. In 2010, only about 35% of total agricultural land in India was reliably irrigated. About 2 / 3rd cultivated land in India is dependent on monsoons. Irrigation in India helps improve food security, reduce dependence on monsoons, improve agricultural productivity and create rural job opportunities. Dams used for irrigation projects help produce electricity and transport facilities, as well as provide drinking water supplies to a growing population, control floods and prevent droughts.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology", "paragraph_text": "The Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM) is a scientific institution based in Pune, India for expanding research in tropical Indian Ocean (formerly on tropical meteorology), of the tropics in general with special reference to monsoon meteorology, and air-sea interaction of Indian monsoon.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "National Physical Laboratory of India", "paragraph_text": "The National Physical Laboratory of India, situated in New Delhi, is the measurement standards laboratory of India. It maintains standards of SI units in India and calibrates the national standards of weights and measures.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Journal of Applied Physics", "paragraph_text": "The Journal of Applied Physics is a peer - reviewed scientific journal with a focus on the physics of modern technology. The journal was originally established in 1931 under the name of Physics, and was published by the American Physical Society for its first 7 volumes. In January 1937, ownership was transferred to the American Institute of Physics ``in line with the efforts of the American Physical Society to enhance the standing of physics as a profession ''. The journal's current editor - in - chief is André Anders (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory). According to the 2015 Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2016 impact factor of 2.068.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Applied Physics Laboratory Ice Station", "paragraph_text": "The Applied Physics Laboratory Ice Station 2007 (APLIS07) is a U.S.A. and Japanese laboratory dedicated to the study of global climate change, located about 300 km south of the Arctic Circle, Alaska on the West Ridge of the University of Alaska Fairbanks campus.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "RuPaul's Drag Race (season 5)", "paragraph_text": "The winner of the fifth season of RuPaul's Drag Race was Jinkx Monsoon, with Alaska and Roxxxy Andrews being the runners - up.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Seibert Q. Duntley", "paragraph_text": "He started the Visibility Laboratory at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1939/40. It was the brainchild of Duntley and MIT physics chair Dr. Arthur C. Hardy. It was focused on applying optics to such problems as camouflage, misdirection of aerial bombardment, target location, visibility of submerged objects at sea. In 1952, Roger Revelle and Quimby Duntley agreed that the laboratory would become part of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in San Diego, and the U.S. Navy Bureau of Ships agreed to pay for the move. The work of the laboratory centered on the transmission of visible light through the atmosphere and water and the related problems of image formation and recognition. The nature of much of the research required measurements of the optical properties of the ocean or atmosphere for which no instruments existed. As a result of these requirements, many unique and very specialized instruments were developed by the laboratory, many of which were based on concepts or optical designs devised by Duntley. He earned the academic rank of Professor in 1966 and taught at Scripps Institution of Oceanography and at the Department of Applied Physics and Information Science (APIS) at UCSD until his retirement.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "North American Monsoon", "paragraph_text": "The North American monsoon, variously known as the Southwest monsoon, the Mexican monsoon, the New Mexican monsoon, or the Arizona monsoon, is a pattern of pronounced increase in thunderstorms and rainfall over large areas of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, typically occurring between July and mid September. During the monsoon, thunderstorms are fueled by daytime heating and build up during the late afternoon - early evening. Typically, these storms dissipate by late night, and the next day starts out fair, with the cycle repeating daily. The monsoon typically loses its energy by mid-September when drier and cooler conditions are reestablished over the region. Geographically, the North American monsoon precipitation region is centered over the Sierra Madre Occidental in the Mexican states of Sinaloa, Durango, Sonora and Chihuahua.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Fiodar Fiodaraŭ", "paragraph_text": "He took an active part in the organization of the Institute of Physics and Mathematics of the Belarus Science Academy, and was the leader of one of the four major laboratories there (the laboratory of theoretical physics) until 1987.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Nepal", "paragraph_text": "Nepal experiences five seasons: summer, monsoon, autumn, winter and spring. The Himalaya blocks cold winds from Central Asia in the winter and forms the northern limit of the monsoon wind patterns. In a land once thickly forested, deforestation is a major problem in all regions, with resulting erosion and degradation of ecosystems.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Marcela Carena", "paragraph_text": "Marcela Carena (born March 22, 1962 in Buenos Aires, Argentina) is a theoretical physicist at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory and a professor at the University of Chicago and the Enrico Fermi Institute. She is the Director of International Relations at Fermilab, as well as the head of the Theoretical Physics Department. As of January 1, 2016 she is the Chair Elect of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American Physical Society.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "The climate of New Delhi is a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa) with high variation between summer and winter in terms of both temperature and rainfall. The temperature varies from 46 °C (115 °F) in summers to around 0 °C (32 °F) in winters. The area's version of a humid subtropical climate is noticeably different from many other cities with this climate classification in that it features long and very hot summers, relatively dry and mild winters, a monsoonal period, and dust storms. Summers are long, extending from early April to October, with the monsoon season occurring in the middle of the summer. Winter starts in November and peaks in January. The annual mean temperature is around 25 °C (77 °F); monthly daily mean temperatures range from approximately 14 to 34 °C (57 to 93 °F). New Delhi's highest temperature ever recorded is 49.1 °C (120.4 °F) while the lowest temperature ever recorded is −3.2 °C (26.2 °F). Those for Delhi metropolis stand at 49.9 °C (121.8 °F) and −3.2 °C (26.2 °F) respectively. The average annual rainfall is 784 millimetres (30.9 in), most of which is during the monsoons in July and August.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 45290, "question": "where is the national physical laboratory located in india", "answer": "in New Delhi", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 }, { "id": 11125, "question": "When does the monsoon season occur in #1 ?", "answer": "the middle of the summer", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Tuvalu", "paragraph_text": "Cyclone Bebe in 1972 caused severe damage to Funafuti. Funafuti's Tepuka Vili Vili islet was devastated by Cyclone Meli in 1979, with all its vegetation and most of its sand swept away during the cyclone. Along with a tropical depression that affected the islands a few days later, Severe Tropical Cyclone Ofa had a major impact on Tuvalu with most islands reporting damage to vegetation and crops. Cyclone Gavin was first identified during 2 March 1997, and was the first of three tropical cyclones to affect Tuvalu during the 1996–97 cyclone season with Cyclones Hina and Keli following later in the season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "1999 Brazilian Grand Prix", "paragraph_text": "The 1999 Brazilian Grand Prix (formally the XXVIII Grande Prêmio Marlboro do Brasil) was a Formula One motor race held on 11 April 1999 at the Autódromo José Carlos Pace in São Paulo, Brazil. It was the second race of the 1999 Formula One season. The 71-lap race was won by McLaren driver Mika Häkkinen after starting from pole position. Michael Schumacher finished second in a Ferrari with Heinz-Harald Frentzen third for the Jordan team.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "1999 Cairns Cyclones season", "paragraph_text": "The 1999 Cairns Cyclones season was the fourth season that the Cairns Cyclones rugby league team competed in the Queensland Cup. Twelve teams competed in the 22 round competition. Four teams had left at the end of the 1998 season, the Bundaberg Grizzlies, the Gold Coast Vikings, Past Brothers and the Townsville Stingers. The Cairns Cyclones team was managed by Nigel Tillett and coached by Gary Smith.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Houston Rockets", "paragraph_text": "Their first permanent arena in Houston was the 10,000 seat Hofheinz Pavilion on the campus of the University of Houston, which they moved into starting in their second season. They played in the arena for four years, before occupying The Summit in 1975. The arena, which could hold 16,611 spectators, was their home for the next 28 years. It was renamed the Compaq Center from 1998 to 2003. Following the 1994 title, the Rockets had a sellout streak of 176 consecutive home games, including the playoffs, which lasted until 1999. However, the struggling 2000 -- 01 and 2001 -- 02 seasons saw Houston having the worst attendance average in the league, with less than 12,000 spectators each season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Kuranda Range road", "paragraph_text": "The Kuranda Range road is an informally named section of the Kennedy Highway in Queensland, Australia. The road traverses the Macalister Range near Cairns (). The section of road connects Smithfield, a suburb of Cairns in the Cairns Region with Kuranda, a town in the Shire of Mareeba on the Atherton Tableland, at an altitude of about . Traffic is primarily limited to one lane each way, with overtaking lanes at various points. The Kuranda Skyrail cableway crosses the road twice. Henry Ross Lookout is located near the road's highest point, at an altitude of , and is named after the foreman in charge of building the road to cross the range in 1939.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Darin Brassfield", "paragraph_text": "Charles Darin Brassfield (born September 16, 1960) is a former American racing driver from Los Gatos, California. He attempted to make his CART Championship Car debut in 1985 at the season ender in Miami driving for Wysard Racing. However, he failed to qualify. He returned to sports car racing to gain more experience. He returned to CART for two races at the end of the 1988 season and made his first start at the Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course but was knocked out by engine failure after 30 laps. He also drove at Laguna Seca Raceway a month later but suffered a broken gearbox 31 laps in. He subsequently returned to sports cars and was a multiple race winner in the IMSA GT Championship. He also made three NASCAR Winston Cup starts in 1989 on the road courses at Sears Point and Watkins Glen, finishing 22nd and 12th, and on the oval at Richmond International Raceway, finishing 30th. He also attempted to qualify for the first race of the 1997 Craftsman Truck Series season at the Walt Disney World Speedway but failed to qualify. He continued to be active in IMSA sports car racing until the late 1990s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "1866 Atlantic hurricane season", "paragraph_text": "The 1866 Atlantic hurricane season was originally one of only four Atlantic hurricane seasons in which every known tropical cyclone attained hurricane status, along with 1852, 1858, and 1884. Initially, there were three known storms during the season, but a re-analysis confirmed the increased activity. There were also two other systems that were included as tropical cyclones at one time, although both were considered to have been other storms already in the database. All tropical activity occurred between the middle of July and the end of October. There may have been additional unconfirmed tropical cyclones during the season. Meteorologist Christopher Landsea estimates that up to six storms were missed from the official database, due to small tropical cyclone size, sparse ship reports, and relatively unpopulated coastlines.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "2017 North Indian Ocean cyclone season", "paragraph_text": "The season officially had an early start compared with the last two seasons, with the formation of Cyclone Maarutha over the Bay of Bengal in mid-April. Cyclone Mora, formed in late May over the Bay of Bengal. At its peak intensity, it was equivalent to a marginal Category 1 hurricane on the Saffir - Simpson hurricane wind scale. The cyclone produced severe flooding across Sri Lanka, India, Myanmar and Bangladesh and caused 15 deaths directly and 208 deaths indirectly. The floods persisted in Bangladesh since a Deep Depression over Bay of Bengal made landfall and killed 156 people in Bangladesh. A depression formed in northwestern Bay of Bengal and produced torrential rainfall. It was followed by a depression over Jharkhand which killed 70 people in West Bengal. Under the influence of strong monsoon surge a disturbance developed over Bay of Bengal travelled westwards and intensified to an unnamed depression. It also affected neighboring Karachi in Pakistan. A strong monsoon surge prevented formation of systems until a deep depression formed over West Bengal in October and caused heavy rainfall. A couple of depression formed between mid October and November which continued the rain spell causing destruction of life and property. Very Severe Cyclonic Storm Ockhi formed in early December and wreaked havoc in the countries where it impacted. It was equivalent to a strong Category 3 hurricane on the Saffir - Simpson scale at peak intensity. The twin storm of Ockhi was a deep depression which originated in Bay of Bengal while its counterpart was in Arabian Sea.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Lamine Diack", "paragraph_text": "Lamine Diack (born 7 June 1933) is a Senegalese businessman, sports administrator, and former athlete. He was president of the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) from 1999 to 2015. He is the subject of numerous investigations into corruption during his tenure as president. He was also a member of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), and the chairman of the National Water Company \"Société Nationale des Eaux\" of Senegal (SONES) from 1995 to 2001. He is under house arrest since November 2015, and his trial in France started in June 2019. He is facing up to 10 years in jail.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Lancashire", "paragraph_text": "Lancashire produced well known teams in super league such as St Helens, Wigan, and Warrington. The county was once the focal point for many of the sport's professional competitions including the Lancashire League competition which ran from 1895 to 1970, and the Lancashire County Cup which was abandoned in 1993. Rugby League has also seen a representative fixture between Lancashire and Yorkshire contested 89 times since its inception in 1895. Currently there are several rugby league teams that are based within the ceremonial county which include Blackpool Panthers, East Lancashire Lions, Blackpool Sea Eagles, Bamber Bridge, Leyland Warriors, Chorley Panthers, Blackpool Stanley, Blackpool Scorpions and Adlington Rangers.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Norah Jones", "paragraph_text": "In 1999, Jones left Texas for New York City. Less than a year later, she started a band with Harris, and her recordings with them were bestsellers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Fiji", "paragraph_text": "The climate in Fiji is tropical marine and warm year round with minimal extremes. The warm season is from November to April and the cooler season lasts from May to October. Temperatures in the cool season still average 22 °C (72 °F). Rainfall is variable, with the warm season experiencing heavier rainfall, especially inland. For the larger islands, rainfall is heavier on the southeast portions of the islands than on the northwest portions, with consequences for agriculture in those areas. Winds are moderate, though cyclones occur about once a year (10–12 times per decade).On 20 February 2016, Fiji was hit by the full force of Cyclone Winston, the only Category 5 tropical cyclone to make landfall in the nation. Winston destroyed tens of thousands of homes across the island, killing 44 people and causing an estimated FJ$2 billion (US$1 billion) in damage.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Timeline of the 2010 Atlantic hurricane season", "paragraph_text": "The 2010 Atlantic hurricane season was one of the most active Atlantic hurricane seasons since records began in 1851 in which nineteen named storms formed. It was also considered the most active season according to the count of Category 2 hurricanes. The season officially began on June 1 (with Hurricane Alex, the first hurricane of the season forming on June 15) and ended on November 30, dates that conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones develop in the Atlantic basin. The season's final storm, Hurricane Tomas, dissipated on November 7.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Winnipeg Jets", "paragraph_text": "The Jets began play as the Atlanta Thrashers in the 1999 -- 2000 NHL season. True North Sports & Entertainment then bought the team in May 2011 and relocated the franchise from Atlanta, Georgia to Winnipeg prior to the 2011 -- 12 season (the first NHL franchise to relocate since the Hartford Whalers became the Carolina Hurricanes in 1997). The team was renamed the Jets after Winnipeg's original WHA / NHL team, which relocated after the 1995 -- 96 season to become the team now known as the Arizona Coyotes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Mooroobool, Queensland", "paragraph_text": "Mooroobool is a suburb of the Cairns Region, Queensland, Australia. It is located west of the central business district of Cairns. At the , Mooroobool had a population of 6,618.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Atlantic hurricane season", "paragraph_text": "Tropical disturbances that reach tropical storm intensity are named from a pre-determined list. On average, 10.1 named storms occur each season, with an average of 5.9 becoming hurricanes and 2.5 becoming major hurricanes (Category 3 or greater). The most active season was 2005, during which 28 tropical cyclones formed, of which a record 15 became hurricanes. The least active season was 1914, with only one known tropical cyclone developing during that year. The Atlantic hurricane season is a time when most tropical cyclones are expected to develop across the northern Atlantic Ocean. It is currently defined as the time frame from June 1 through November 30, though in the past the season was defined as a shorter time frame. During the season, regular tropical weather outlooks are issued by the National Hurricane Center, and coordination between the Weather Prediction Center and National Hurricane Center occurs for systems which have not formed yet, but could develop during the next three to seven days.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "List of Florida hurricanes", "paragraph_text": "The List of Florida hurricanes encompasses approximately 500 tropical or subtropical cyclones that affected the state of Florida. More storms hit Florida than any other U.S. state, and since 1851 only eighteen hurricane seasons passed without a known storm impacting the state. Collectively, cyclones that hit the region have resulted in over 10,000 deaths, most of which occurring prior to the start of Hurricane Hunters flights in 1943. Additionally, the cumulative impact from the storms totaled over $141 billion in damage (2017 USD), primarily from Hurricane Andrew and hurricanes in the 2004 and 2005 seasons.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Atlantic hurricane season", "paragraph_text": "Worldwide, tropical cyclone activity peaks in late summer, when the difference between temperatures aloft and sea surface temperatures is the greatest. However, each particular basin has its own seasonal patterns. On a worldwide scale, May is the least active month, while September is the most active. In the Northern Atlantic Ocean, a distinct hurricane season occurs from June 1 to November 30, sharply peaking from late August through September; the season's climatological peak of activity occurs around September 10 each season. This is the norm, but in 1938, the Atlantic hurricane season started as early as January 3.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Climate of North Carolina", "paragraph_text": "Fall is the most rapidly changing season temperature wise, especially in October and November. Tropical cyclones remain a threat until late in the season. The Appalachian Mountains are frequently visited at this time of year, due to the leaves changing color in the trees.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "British Block Cairn", "paragraph_text": "The British Block Cairn (Ed0p-1) is located on the Suffield Block in Alberta, Canada. In the summers of 1961 and 1962, the Chief Superintendent of the Suffield Experimental Station, Mr. A. M. Pennie, granted crews from the Glenbow Foundation, consisting of R.G. Forbis, D. R. King, Frank O'Leary, Kenneth Smith, John Miller, and James Farmilo, access to the cairn. Dating from around 1400 C.E, the site consists of a large boulder cairn surrounded by a ring of stones and a human effigy figure.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 525450, "question": "1999 Cairns Cyclones season >> sport", "answer": "rugby league", "paragraph_support_idx": 2 }, { "id": 12907, "question": "What year did #1 start?", "answer": "1895", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Super Bowl", "paragraph_text": "The location of the Super Bowl is chosen by the NFL well in advance, usually three to five years before the game. Cities place bids to host a Super Bowl and are evaluated in terms of stadium renovation and their ability to host. In 2014, a document listing the specific requirements of Super Bowl hosts was leaked, giving a clear list of what was required for a Super Bowl host. Much of the cost of the Super Bowl is to be assumed by the host community, although some costs are enumerated within the requirements to be assumed by the NFL. Some of the host requirements include:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Chai Lai", "paragraph_text": "Director Poj Arnon acknowledged he was asked by Sahamongkol Film International to copy the style of \"Charlie's Angels\", but that budgetary differences – 35 million baht compared to the US$92 million budget for the \"Charlie's Angels films\" – and Thai styles of fighting (muay Thai) make \"Chai Lai\" different.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Arnold Schwarzenegger", "paragraph_text": "Schwarzenegger's breakthrough film was the sword-and-sorcery epic Conan the Barbarian in 1982, which was a box-office hit. This was followed by a sequel, Conan the Destroyer, in 1984, although it was not as successful as its predecessor. In 1983, Schwarzenegger starred in the promotional video, Carnival in Rio. In 1984, he made his first appearance as the eponymous character, and what some would say was his acting career's signature role, in James Cameron's science fiction thriller film The Terminator. Following this, Schwarzenegger made Red Sonja in 1985.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Sylvester", "paragraph_text": "Sylvester is a name derived from the Latin adjective silvestris meaning ``wooded ''or`` wild'', which derives from the noun silva meaning ``woodland ''. Classical Latin spells this with i. In Classical Latin y represented a separate sound distinct from i, not a native Latin sound but one used in transcriptions of foreign words. After the Classical period y came to be pronounced as i. Spellings with Sylv - in place of Silv - date from after the Classical period.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Hokkien", "paragraph_text": "While most Hokkien morphemes have standard designated characters, they are not always etymological or phono-semantic. Similar-sounding, similar-meaning or rare characters are commonly borrowed or substituted to represent a particular morpheme. Examples include \"beautiful\" (美 bí is the literary form), whose vernacular morpheme suí is represented by characters like 媠 (an obsolete character), 婎 (a vernacular reading of this character) and even 水 (transliteration of the sound suí), or \"tall\" (高 ko is the literary form), whose morpheme kôan is 懸. Common grammatical particles are not exempt; the negation particle m̄ (not) is variously represented by 毋, 呣 or 唔, among others. In other cases, characters are invented to represent a particular morpheme (a common example is the character 𪜶 in, which represents the personal pronoun \"they\"). In addition, some characters have multiple and unrelated pronunciations, adapted to represent Hokkien words. For example, the Hokkien word bah (\"meat\") has been reduced to the character 肉, which has etymologically unrelated colloquial and literary readings (he̍k and jio̍k, respectively). Another case is the word 'to eat,' chia̍h, which is often transcribed in Taiwanese newspapers and media as 呷 (a Mandarin transliteration, xiā, to approximate the Hokkien term), even though its recommended character in dictionaries is 食.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Article One of the United States Constitution", "paragraph_text": "The Constitution provides three requirements for Representatives: A Representative must be at least 25 years old, must be an inhabitant of the state in which he or she is elected, and must have been a citizen of the United States for the previous seven years. There is no requirement that a Representative reside within the district in which he or she represents; although this is usually the case, there have been occasional exceptions.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Age of candidacy", "paragraph_text": "In the United States, a person must be aged 35 or over to be President or Vice President, 30 or over to be a Senator, and 25 or over to be a Representative, as specified in the U.S. Constitution. Most states in the U.S. also have age requirements for the offices of Governor, State Senator, and State Representative. Some states have a minimum age requirement to hold any elected office (usually 21 or 18).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Age of candidacy", "paragraph_text": "In the United States, a person must be at least 35 to be President or Vice President, 30 to be a Senator, and 25 to be a Representative, as specified in the U.S. Constitution. Most states in the U.S. also have age requirements for the offices of Governor, State Senator, and State Representative. Some states have a minimum age requirement to hold any elected office (usually 21 or 18).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Bechdel test", "paragraph_text": "The rules now known as the Bechdel test first appeared in 1985 in Alison Bechdel's comic strip Dykes To Watch Out For. In a strip titled \"The Rule\", two women, who resemble the future characters Mo and Ginger, discuss seeing a film and one woman explains that she only goes to a movie if it satisfies the following requirements:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "Characters with diacritical marks can generally be represented either as a single precomposed character or as a decomposed sequence of a base letter plus one or more non-spacing marks. For example, ḗ (precomposed e with macron and acute above) and ḗ (e followed by the combining macron above and combining acute above) should be rendered identically, both appearing as an e with a macron and acute accent, but in practice, their appearance may vary depending upon what rendering engine and fonts are being used to display the characters. Similarly, underdots, as needed in the romanization of Indic, will often be placed incorrectly[citation needed]. Unicode characters that map to precomposed glyphs can be used in many cases, thus avoiding the problem, but where no precomposed character has been encoded the problem can often be solved by using a specialist Unicode font such as Charis SIL that uses Graphite, OpenType, or AAT technologies for advanced rendering features.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Tyrannosaurus", "paragraph_text": "Tyrannosaurus is a genus of coelurosaurian theropod dinosaur. The species Tyrannosaurus rex (rex meaning ``king ''in Latin), often colloquialy called simply T. rex or T - Rex, is one of the most well - represented of the large theropods. Tyrannosaurus lived throughout what is now western North America, on what was then an island continent known as Laramidia. Tyrannosaurus had a much wider range than other tyrannosaurids. Fossils are found in a variety of rock formations dating to the Maastrichtian age of the upper Cretaceous Period, 68 to 66 million years ago. It was the last known member of the tyrannosaurids, and among the last non-avian dinosaurs to exist before the Cretaceous -- Paleogene extinction event.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "Several subsets of Unicode are standardized: Microsoft Windows since Windows NT 4.0 supports WGL-4 with 652 characters, which is considered to support all contemporary European languages using the Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic script. Other standardized subsets of Unicode include the Multilingual European Subsets: MES-1 (Latin scripts only, 335 characters), MES-2 (Latin, Greek and Cyrillic 1062 characters) and MES-3A & MES-3B (two larger subsets, not shown here). Note that MES-2 includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Serbo-Croatian", "paragraph_text": "The Croatian Latin alphabet (Gajica) followed suit shortly afterwards, when Ljudevit Gaj defined it as standard Latin with five extra letters that had diacritics, apparently borrowing much from Czech, but also from Polish, and inventing the unique digraphs \"lj\", \"nj\" and \"dž\". These digraphs are represented as \"ļ, ń and ǵ\" respectively in the \"Rječnik hrvatskog ili srpskog jezika\", published by the former Yugoslav Academy of Sciences and Arts in Zagreb. The latter digraphs, however, are unused in the literary standard of the language. All in all, this makes Serbo-Croatian the only Slavic language to officially use both the Latin and Cyrillic scripts, albeit the Latin version is more commonly used.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Old English", "paragraph_text": "The Latin alphabet of the time still lacked the letters ⟨j⟩ and ⟨w⟩, and there was no ⟨v⟩ as distinct from ⟨u⟩; moreover native Old English spellings did not use ⟨k⟩, ⟨q⟩ or ⟨z⟩. The remaining 20 Latin letters were supplemented by four more: ⟨æ⟩ (æsc, modern ash) and ⟨ð⟩ (ðæt, now called eth or edh), which were modified Latin letters, and thorn ⟨þ⟩ and wynn ⟨ƿ⟩, which are borrowings from the futhorc. A few letter pairs were used as digraphs, representing a single sound. Also used was the Tironian note ⟨⁊⟩ (a character similar to the digit 7) for the conjunction and, and a thorn with a crossbar through the ascender for the pronoun þæt. Macrons over vowels were originally used not to mark long vowels (as in modern editions), but to indicate stress, or as abbreviations for a following m or n.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Hokkien", "paragraph_text": "Hokkien, especially Taiwanese, is sometimes written in the Latin script using one of several alphabets. Of these the most popular is Pe̍h-ōe-jī (traditional Chinese: 白話字; simplified Chinese: 白话字; pinyin: Báihuàzì). POJ was developed first by Presbyterian missionaries in China and later by the indigenous Presbyterian Church in Taiwan; use of this alphabet has been actively promoted since the late 19th century. The use of a mixed script of Han characters and Latin letters is also seen, though remains uncommon. Other Latin-based alphabets also exist.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "The set of graphic and format characters defined by Unicode does not correspond directly to the repertoire of abstract characters that is representable under Unicode. Unicode encodes characters by associating an abstract character with a particular code point. However, not all abstract characters are encoded as a single Unicode character, and some abstract characters may be represented in Unicode by a sequence of two or more characters. For example, a Latin small letter \"i\" with an ogonek, a dot above, and an acute accent, which is required in Lithuanian, is represented by the character sequence U+012F, U+0307, U+0301. Unicode maintains a list of uniquely named character sequences for abstract characters that are not directly encoded in Unicode.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Hokkien", "paragraph_text": "All Latin characters required by Pe̍h-ōe-jī can be represented using Unicode (or the corresponding ISO/IEC 10646: Universal Character Set), using precomposed or combining (diacritics) characters. Prior to June 2004, the vowel akin to but more open than o, written with a dot above right, was not encoded. The usual workaround was to use the (stand-alone; spacing) character Interpunct (U+00B7, ·) or less commonly the combining character dot above (U+0307). As these are far from ideal, since 1997 proposals have been submitted to the ISO/IEC working group in charge of ISO/IEC 10646—namely, ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2—to encode a new combining character dot above right. This is now officially assigned to U+0358 (see documents N1593, N2507, N2628, N2699, and N2713). Font support is expected to follow.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Latin-1 Supplement (Unicode block)", "paragraph_text": "The Latin-1 Supplement (also called C1 Controls and Latin-1 Supplement) is the second Unicode block in the Unicode standard. It encodes the upper range of ISO 8859-1: 80 (U+0080) - FF (U+00FF). Controls C1 (0080–009F) are not graphic. This block ranges from U+0080 to U+00FF, contains 128 characters and includes the C1 controls, Latin-1 punctuation and symbols, 30 pairs of majuscule and minuscule accented Latin characters and 2 mathematical operators.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Christian", "paragraph_text": "The Chinese word is 基督徒 (pinyin: jīdū tú), literally \"Christ follower.\" The two characters now pronounced Jīdū in Mandarin Chinese, were originally pronounced Ki-To in Cantonese as representation of Latin \"Cristo\".[citation needed] In Vietnam, the same two characters read Cơ đốc, and a \"follower of Christianity\" is a tín đồ Cơ đốc giáo.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Chinese characters", "paragraph_text": "The art of writing Chinese characters is called Chinese calligraphy. It is usually done with ink brushes. In ancient China, Chinese calligraphy is one of the Four Arts of the Chinese Scholars. There is a minimalist set of rules of Chinese calligraphy. Every character from the Chinese scripts is built into a uniform shape by means of assigning it a geometric area in which the character must occur. Each character has a set number of brushstrokes; none must be added or taken away from the character to enhance it visually, lest the meaning be lost. Finally, strict regularity is not required, meaning the strokes may be accentuated for dramatic effect of individual style. Calligraphy was the means by which scholars could mark their thoughts and teachings for immortality, and as such, represent some of the more precious treasures that can be found from ancient China.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 19013, "question": "All LAtin characters required by POJ can be represented by what?", "answer": "Unicode", "paragraph_support_idx": 16 }, { "id": 864388, "question": "#1 >> follows", "answer": "ISO 8859-1", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 } ]

[ "Latin-1" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Manzanita Sol", "paragraph_text": "Manzanita Sol is a brand of apple-flavored soft drinks owned by PepsiCo and is predominant in Mexico. In the United States it is sold in 12-pack cans, 2-liter, and 20-ounce bottles. The drink is known to be available at Walmart, Albertsons, H-E-B, Ralphs, Kmart, Food 4 Less, Jewel-Osco, Dominick's, Target, Vons, Stater Bros., United Supermarkets in the Amarillo and Lubbock, Texas area, and other smaller chains and smaller family run stores. In Latin American countries, Manzanita Sol will compete with The Coca-Cola Company's Manzana Lift. Manzanita Sol is PepsiCo's number two brand in Mexico, with apple being Mexico's second most popular soft drink flavor. It is also very popular in the borderlands such as the El Paso/Juarez border.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Darian calendar", "paragraph_text": "The basic time periods from which the calendar is constructed are the Martian solar day (sometimes called a sol) and the Martian vernal equinox year, which is slightly different from the tropical year. The sol is 39 minutes 35.244 seconds longer than the Terrestrial solar day and the Martian vernal equinox year is 668.5907 sols in length (which corresponds to 686.86 days on Earth). The basic intercalation formula therefore allocates six 669-sol years and four 668-sol years to each Martian decade. The former (still called leap years even though they are more common than non-leap years) are years that are either odd (not evenly divisible by 2) or else are evenly divisible by 10, producing 6,686 sols per ten years (668.6 sols per year).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Loomis Museum", "paragraph_text": "The Loomis Museum, also known as the Loomis Visitor Center, the Manzanita Lake Visitor Center and the Manzanita Lake Museum, was built by Benjamin Franklin Loomis in 1927 near Manzanita Lake, just outside Lassen Volcanic National Park in California, USA. Loomis was a local homesteader and photographer who documented the 1915 eruptions of Lassen Peak, and was instrumental in the 1916 establishment of the national park. In 1929 Loomis donated the museum and of surrounding lands to the National Park Service, which since then has used the structure as an interpretational facility.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Shark Energy", "paragraph_text": "Shark Energy Drink is available in a number of variations, including carbonated, uncarbonated versions, sugared and sugar-free. The drink is manufactured in Thailand by the Osotspa Co. Ltd in Bangkok, and also in Europe by Shark AG in Innsbruck, Austria.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Arctostaphylos klamathensis", "paragraph_text": "Arctostaphylos klamathensis, with the common name Klamath manzanita, is a species of manzanita. It is endemic to the Klamath Mountains of far northern California, where it was first described during an ecological survey in Cedar Basin near the border between Siskiyou and Trinity Counties in 1982.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Maple liqueur", "paragraph_text": "Maple liqueur refers to various alcoholic products made from maple syrup, primarily in the Northeast United States and Canada. It is most commonly made by mixing Canadian rye whiskey and Canadian maple syrup. Maple liqueur is considered an important cultural beverage in certain Canadian festivals.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Darian calendar", "paragraph_text": "The year is divided into 24 months. The first 5 months in each quarter have 28 sols. The final month has only 27 sols unless it is the final month of a leap year when it contains the leap sol as its final sol.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Kola Shaler", "paragraph_text": "Kola Shaler is a cola soft drink manufactured in Nicaragua by a company called \"Kola Shaler Industrial\", founded by David Robleto Aleman. Kola Shaler ingredients are imported from England. It is lower in sugar and carbonation compared to others soft drinks.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Punjab, Pakistan", "paragraph_text": "Despite the lack of a coastline, Punjab is the most industrialised province of Pakistan; its manufacturing industries produce textiles, sports goods, heavy machinery, electrical appliances, surgical instruments, vehicles, auto parts, metals, sugar mill plants, aircraft, cement, agricultural machinery, bicycles and rickshaws, floor coverings, and processed foods. In 2003, the province manufactured 90% of the paper and paper boards, 71% of the fertilizers, 69% of the sugar and 40% of the cement of Pakistan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar", "paragraph_text": "The Pepsi - Cola Made with Real Sugar, formerly called Throwback, is a brand of soft drink sold by PepsiCo in the United States and in sweet stores in South Australia for its flagship Pepsi and Mountain Dew brands. The drinks, called Pepsi Throwback and Mountain Dew Throwback, are named as such because they are flavored with cane sugar and beet sugar instead of high fructose corn syrup, which soft drink companies used to replace sugar (in their North American products) in the 1980s. In addition, these drinks use retro packaging. As of June 2014, Pepsi Throwback has been replaced in one area of the United States by ``Pepsi - Cola Made with Real Sugar '', a new product formulation, also made without high fructose corn syrup.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Valtra", "paragraph_text": "Valtra is a manufacturer of tractors and agricultural machinery and forms part of the AGCO Corporation. Valtra tractors are manufactured in Suolahti, Finland, and Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil. Valtra’s products in the Brazilian market also include combine harvesters, sugar cane harvesters, self-propelled sprayers and seed drills.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Aachener Printen", "paragraph_text": "Aachener Printen are a type of Lebkuchen originating from the city of Aachen in Germany. Somewhat similar to gingerbread, Printen were originally sweetened with honey, but for two centuries the tradition is to use a syrup made from sugar beets.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Cocoa Puffs", "paragraph_text": "Cocoa Puffs is a brand of chocolate-flavored puffed grain breakfast cereal, manufactured by General Mills. Introduced in 1958, the cereal consists of small orbs of corn, oats, and rice flavored with cocoa. Essentially, Cocoa Puffs are Kix cereal with chocolate flavoring; similarly, Trix has been, for most of its existence, fruit-flavored Kix.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Imelletty perunalaatikko", "paragraph_text": "Sweetened potato casserole (Finnish \"imelletty perunalaatikko\") is a traditional Finnish dish from Päijät-Häme, eaten elsewhere in Finland at Christmastime. It is prepared by letting puréed potatoes, mixed with wheat flour, stand at a temperature of around 50°C (122°F). The amylase in the flour will start to break down the potato’s starches to shorter carbohydrate chains, that is sugars. The temperature cannot exceed 75°C (167°F); otherwise, the amylase molecules will break down. Through this process, the dish gets its distinct sweet flavour; nowadays, however, dark syrup (Finnish \"tumma siirappi\") can be added to give it sweetness. Dark syrup is made from sugarcane and it's the most common type of syrup in Finland. It has a similar taste to molasses, but is sweeter.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Red", "paragraph_text": "During the summer growing season, phosphate is at a high level. It has a vital role in the breakdown of the sugars manufactured by chlorophyll. But in the fall, phosphate, along with the other chemicals and nutrients, moves out of the leaf into the stem of the plant. When this happens, the sugar-breakdown process changes, leading to the production of anthocyanin pigments. The brighter the light during this period, the greater the production of anthocyanins and the more brilliant the resulting color display. When the days of autumn are bright and cool, and the nights are chilly but not freezing, the brightest colorations usually develop.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "High-fructose corn syrup", "paragraph_text": "High - fructose corn syrup (HFCS) (also called glucose - fructose, isoglucose and glucose - fructose syrup) is a sweetener made from corn starch that has been processed by glucose isomerase to convert some of its glucose into fructose. HFCS was first marketed in the early 1970s by the Clinton Corn Processing Company, together with the Japanese Agency of Industrial Science and Technology where the enzyme was discovered in 1965.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Es teler", "paragraph_text": "Es Teler is a fruit cocktail from Indonesia. Avocado, coconut meat, cincau, jackfruit and other fruits are served with coconut milk, sweetened condensed milk, \"Pandanus amaryllifolius\" leaf (normally in the form of cocopandan syrup), sugar, and a tiny amount of salt.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Prince of Wales (cocktail)", "paragraph_text": "The Prince of Wales is a cocktail created by Albert Edward, Prince of Wales, who later becomes King Edward VII. There are several variations of the cocktail, but what they usually have in common is champagne, angostura bitters, sugar (or simple syrup), either rye whiskey or cognac, and a liqueur.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Arctostaphylos otayensis", "paragraph_text": "Arctostaphylos otayensis is a species of manzanita known by the common name Otay manzanita. This shrub is endemic to California, where it is native to the mountains of San Diego County. It is an erect shrub, reaching up to 2.5 meters in height. It has shreddy red bark that grows gray with age. It has smooth oval-shaped pointed leaves and dense inflorescences of flowers. The tightly bunched flowers are pale pink highlighted with bright magenta. The fruit is a red drupe between one half and one centimeter wide.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Heaven Hill", "paragraph_text": "Deep Eddy Vodka Distillery is a distillery in Dripping Springs, Texas that manufactures vodka products made of south Texas corn using continuous distillation in a column still. Dripping Springs is not a part of Austin, Texas, but is, in fact, a separate town.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 403273, "question": "Manzanita Sol >> manufacturer", "answer": "Pepsi", "paragraph_support_idx": 0 }, { "id": 89145, "question": "when did #1 change from sugar to corn syrup", "answer": "the 1980s", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Roman Catholic Archdiocese of São Salvador da Bahia", "paragraph_text": "The Archdiocese of São Salvador da Bahia () is part of the Roman Catholic Church in Brazil. The Archbishop of São Salvador da Bahia also carries the title Primate of Brazil. The archiocese is located in the city of Salvador, Bahia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Uffizi", "paragraph_text": "The building of Uffizi complex was begun by Giorgio Vasari in 1560 for Cosimo I de' Medici so as to accommodate the offices of the Florentine magistrates, hence the name , \"offices\". The construction was later continued by Alfonso Parigi and Bernardo Buontalenti; it was completed in 1581. The top floor was made into a gallery for the family and their guests and included their collection of Roman sculptures.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Rodovia Doutor Roberto Moreira", "paragraph_text": "Rodovia Doutor Roberto Moreira (official designation PLN-010, also known as Estrada da Rhodia) is a highway in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Portrait of Guidobaldo da Montefeltro", "paragraph_text": "The Portrait of Guidobaldo da Montefeltro is a picture by the Italian Renaissance artist Raphael, dating from around 1506 and housed in the Uffizi Gallery, Florence. It portrays Guidobaldo da Montefeltro, duke of Urbino.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Mercês, Minas Gerais", "paragraph_text": "Mercês is a Brazilian municipality located in the state of Minas Gerais. The city belongs to the mesoregion of Zona da Mata and to the microregion of Ubá.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Palazzo Baldassini", "paragraph_text": "Palazzo Baldassini is a palace in Rome, Italy, designed by the Renaissance architect Antonio da Sangallo the Younger in about 1516-1519. It was designed for the papal jurist from Naples, Melchiorre Baldassini. The ground floor was used for shops or workshops, and the piano nobile consisted of private apartments.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Antonio da Sangallo the Elder", "paragraph_text": "Antonio da Sangallo the Elder (c. 1453December 27, 1534) was an Italian Renaissance architect who specialized in the design of fortifications.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Santuario della Beata Vergine della Consolazione", "paragraph_text": "Santuario della Beata Vergine della Consolazione is a church in San Marino. It belongs to the Roman Catholic Diocese of San Marino-Montefeltro. It was built in 1964 and consecrated in 1967.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Albarquel", "paragraph_text": "Albarquel is a beach located in the city of Setúbal, Portugal. Along with the beaches of Sesimbra, Portinho da Arrábida and Costa da Caparica, it is one of the most popular beaches of the Península de Setúbal subregion. Being located in a bay, Albarquel has a scenic view over Tróia (a peninsula extending around the bay). Sea life includes plenty of dolphins, sea horses, periwinkles, and numerous species of fish.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Guangdong International Circuit", "paragraph_text": "Guangdong International Circuit is a motor sport facility located at Da Wang, Sihui, in Zhaoqing city in China, approx 45 mins by car from Guangzhou. Designed by a female Chinese designer Qiming Yao, it is the second permanent motor sport facility in Guangdong, China, after Zhuhai International Circuit. The Guangdong International Circuit completed in 2009.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Robert Edge Pine", "paragraph_text": "Robert Edge Pine (1730, London – November 18, 1788, Philadelphia) was an English portrait and historical painter, born in London. He was the son of John Pine, the engraver and designer.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Portrait of a Musician", "paragraph_text": "Portrait of a Musician is an oil on wood painting by Leonardo da Vinci. It was probably painted in 1485.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Dynamic Tower", "paragraph_text": "The Dynamic Tower (also known as Dynamic Architecture Building or the Da Vinci Tower) is a proposed , 80-floor moving skyscraper, designed by architect David Fisher.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Braccio da Montone", "paragraph_text": "In the next August Ladislaus died, and Braccio freed Bologna after receiving a payment of 180,000 gold ducats. He thus invaded and conquered most of Umbria, his goal being again the beloved Perugia. The city gave itself to Carlo Malatesta. At the battle of Sant'Egidio (12 July 1416, later portrayed in a famous fresco by Paolo Uccello), the \"bracceschi\" were victorious, and Perugia was finally forced to open its gates to Braccio da Montone. Other Umbrian cities, such as Todi, Narni, Orvieto and Terni named him as lord: at this point, Braccio da Montone was ready to form a state for himself in central Italy. He asked the newly elected Pope Martin V to name him Papal vicar for Umbria, but Martin replied by sending against him two armies under Guidantonio da Montefeltro, from the north, and under Sforza, from the South, but Montone defeated them at Spoleto. On 14 March 1419 he met the Pope in Florence, obtaining the long-awaited title (including the lordships of Perugia, Todi, Assisi, Spello, Jesi and others) in exchange for ousting Antongaleazzo Bentivoglio from Bologna. After conquering the latter, he could finally retreat in Perugia to enjoy ruling the city which had ousted him and his family many years ago.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Vittoria Colonna", "paragraph_text": "Colonna was born at Marino in 1490, a fief of the Colonna family in the Alban Hills near Rome. She was the daughter of Fabrizio Colonna, grand constable of the kingdom of Naples, and of Agnese da Montefeltro, daughter of the Duke of Urbino. She was engaged in 1495 at the age of 3 years old to \"Ferrante\" Fernando Francesco d'Ávalos, son of the marquese di Pescara, at the insistence of Ferdinand, King of Naples.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Nicholas Callaway", "paragraph_text": "Nicholas Callaway graduated from Harvard University with a degree in Classics and Fine Arts, where he studied with Robert Fitzgerald and Emily Vermeule. He undertook early fine art photography and design studies at MIT with the founder of \"Aperture\", Minor White, with designer Muriel Cooper, and with portrait photographer Wendy Snyder McNeil.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Pamela Stafford", "paragraph_text": "Pamela Stafford (born 1946) is an American model, fashion designer and portrait artist. She is best known for her award winning work \"New Hope,\" the winner of a mural award by the Abbey Foundation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Portrait of Emilia Pia da Montefeltro", "paragraph_text": "The Portrait of Emilia Pia da Montefeltro is a picture from around 1504–1505, attributed to the Italian Renaissance artist Raphael and housed by the Baltimore Museum of Art, United States", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Bust of Francesco Barberini", "paragraph_text": "The Bust of Francesco Barberini is a marble sculpture by the Italian artist Gian Lorenzo Bernini, now in the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C.. It was executed in 1623. It was commissioned by Pope Urban VIII, who was nephew of Francesco Barberini, an apostolic protonotary. Francesco had actually died in 1600 so Bernini created the bust from an existing painted portrait. The painted portrait is in Corsini Collection in Florence; Bernini made close use of the design, although the painting was a three quarter portrait as opposed to a bust of head, shoulders and upper body.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Bridge of Sighs", "paragraph_text": "The Bridge of Sighs (Italian: Ponte dei Sospiri) is a bridge located in Venice, northern Italy. The enclosed bridge is made of white limestone, has windows with stone bars, passes over the Rio di Palazzo, and connects the New Prison (Prigioni Nuove) to the interrogation rooms in the Doge's Palace. It was designed by Antonio Contino (whose uncle Antonio da Ponte had designed the Rialto Bridge) and was built in 1600.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 419600, "question": "Portrait of Guidobaldo da Montefeltro >> location", "answer": "Uffizi", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 }, { "id": 94210, "question": "Who was #1 designed by?", "answer": "Giorgio Vasari", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 } ]

[ "Buontalenti", "Alfonso Parigi", "Vasari", "vasari", "Bernardo Buontalenti" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "Unicode has become the dominant scheme for internal processing and storage of text. Although a great deal of text is still stored in legacy encodings, Unicode is used almost exclusively for building new information processing systems. Early adopters tended to use UCS-2 (the fixed-width two-byte precursor to UTF-16) and later moved to UTF-16 (the variable-width current standard), as this was the least disruptive way to add support for non-BMP characters. The best known such system is Windows NT (and its descendants, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Vista and Windows 7), which uses UTF-16 as the sole internal character encoding. The Java and .NET bytecode environments, Mac OS X, and KDE also use it for internal representation. Unicode is available on Windows 95 through Microsoft Layer for Unicode, as well as on its descendants, Windows 98 and Windows ME.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 1, "title": "ISO 7001", "paragraph_text": "ISO 7001 (\"public information symbols\") is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization that defines a set of pictograms and symbols for public information. The latest version, ISO 7001:2007, was published in November 2007.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "ASCII (i/ˈæski/ ASS-kee), abbreviated from American Standard Code for Information Interchange, is a character-encoding scheme (the IANA prefers the name US-ASCII). ASCII codes represent text in computers, communications equipment, and other devices that use text. Most modern character-encoding schemes are based on ASCII, though they support many additional characters. ASCII was the most common character encoding on the World Wide Web until December 2007, when it was surpassed by UTF-8, which is fully backward compatibe to ASCII.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Classical conditioning", "paragraph_text": "Classical conditioning (also known as Pavlovian or respondent conditioning) refers to a learning procedure in which a biologically potent stimulus (e.g. food) is paired with a previously neutral stimulus (e.g. a bell). It also refers to the learning process that results from this pairing, through which the neutral stimulus comes to elicit a response (e.g. salivation) that is usually similar to the one elicited by the potent stimulus. These basic facts, which require many qualifications (see below), were first studied in detail by Ivan Pavlov through experiments with dogs. Together with operant conditioning, classical conditioning became the foundation of behaviorism, a school of psychology which was dominant in the mid-20th century and is still an important influence on the practice of psychological therapy and the study of animal behavior. Classical conditioning is a basic learning process, and its neural substrates are now beginning to be understood.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Telephone numbers in Australia", "paragraph_text": "When dialling from outside Australia, after dialling the appropriate International Access Code it is necessary to dial the Country Code for Australia (61) followed by the nine digit ``National 'Significant' Number ''. (The + symbol is used to represent International Access Code, e.g. + 61 3 xxxx xxxx for a number in Victoria / Tasmania or + 61 4xx xxx xxx for a`` Mobile'' number). Some numbers beginning with a 1 may be dialled without any replacement, after dialling the required International Access Code and the Country Code for Australia (+ 61). (see below)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "Originally based on the English alphabet, ASCII encodes 128 specified characters into seven - bit integers as shown by the ASCII chart above. Ninety - five of the encoded characters are printable: these include the digits 0 to 9, lowercase letters a to z, uppercase letters A to Z, and punctuation symbols. In addition, the original ASCII specification included 33 non-printing control codes which originated with Teletype machines; most of these are now obsolete.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "Other international standards bodies have ratified character encodings such as ISO/IEC 646 that are identical or nearly identical to ASCII, with extensions for characters outside the English alphabet and symbols used outside the United States, such as the symbol for the United Kingdom's pound sterling (£). Almost every country needed an adapted version of ASCII, since ASCII suited the needs of only the USA and a few other countries. For example, Canada had its own version that supported French characters. Other adapted encodings include ISCII (India), VISCII (Vietnam), and YUSCII (Yugoslavia). Although these encodings are sometimes referred to as ASCII, true ASCII is defined strictly only by the ANSI standard.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Sanskrit", "paragraph_text": "Since the late 18th century, Sanskrit has been transliterated using the Latin alphabet. The system most commonly used today is the IAST (International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration), which has been the academic standard since 1888. ASCII-based transliteration schemes have also evolved because of difficulties representing Sanskrit characters in computer systems. These include Harvard-Kyoto and ITRANS, a transliteration scheme that is used widely on the Internet, especially in Usenet and in email, for considerations of speed of entry as well as rendering issues. With the wide availability of Unicode-aware web browsers, IAST has become common online. It is also possible to type using an alphanumeric keyboard and transliterate to Devanagari using software like Mac OS X's international support.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Canton of Nidwalden", "paragraph_text": "From the middle of the 19th century onwards, trade, industry and tourism gained momentum. Nevertheless, until the middle of the 20th century, agriculture dominated the canton. Today a great number of small and middle-sized businesses dominate the economy. The largest employer is the airplane constructor Pilatus. The small and middle-sized businesses work in a wide range of areas. Many specialize in machine construction, medical equipment, international trade, optics and electronics.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "For example, character 10 represents the \"line feed\" function (which causes a printer to advance its paper), and character 8 represents \"backspace\". RFC 2822 refers to control characters that do not include carriage return, line feed or white space as non-whitespace control characters. Except for the control characters that prescribe elementary line-oriented formatting, ASCII does not define any mechanism for describing the structure or appearance of text within a document. Other schemes, such as markup languages, address page and document layout and formatting.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Baudot code", "paragraph_text": "The Baudot code , invented by Émile Baudot, is a character set predating EBCDIC and ASCII. It was the predecessor to the International Telegraph Alphabet No. 2 (ITA2), the teleprinter code in use until the advent of ASCII. Each character in the alphabet is represented by a series of five bits, sent over a communication channel such as a telegraph wire or a radio signal. The symbol rate measurement is known as baud, and is derived from the same name.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "ISO 5776", "paragraph_text": "ISO 5776, published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), is an international standard that specifies symbols for proofreading such as of manuscripts, typescripts and printer's proofs. The total number of symbols specified is 16, each in English, French and Russian.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana", "paragraph_text": "This Centrally Sponsored Scheme was introduced in 2000 by the then - prime minister of India Atal Behari Vajpayee. The Assam Tribune has reported that the scheme has started to change the lifestyle of many villagers as it has resulted in new roads and upgrade of certain inter-village routes in Manipur.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Light-dependent reactions", "paragraph_text": "The photosynthesis process in chloroplasts begins when an electron of P680 of PSII attains a higher - energy level. This energy is used to reduce a chain of electron acceptors that have subsequently lowered redox - potentials. This chain of electron acceptors is known as an electron transport chain. When this chain reaches PS I, an electron is again excited, creating a high redox - potential. The electron transport chain of photosynthesis is often put in a diagram called the z - scheme, because the redox diagram from P680 to P700 resembles the letter z.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "From early in its development, ASCII was intended to be just one of several national variants of an international character code standard, ultimately published as ISO/IEC 646 (1972), which would share most characters in common but assign other locally useful characters to several code points reserved for \"national use.\" However, the four years that elapsed between the publication of ASCII-1963 and ISO's first acceptance of an international recommendation during 1967 caused ASCII's choices for the national use characters to seem to be de facto standards for the world, causing confusion and incompatibility once other countries did begin to make their own assignments to these code points.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "United Nations General Assembly resolution ES-10/L.22", "paragraph_text": "On 6 December 2017, US President Donald Trump said that he would recognise Jerusalem as Israel's capital and begin the process of moving the embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem. This was a departure from previous Security Council resolutions and prevailing international norms (where no state either recognises Jerusalem as a national capital nor has an embassy there).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "The X3.2 subcommittee designed ASCII based on the earlier teleprinter encoding systems. Like other character encodings, ASCII specifies a correspondence between digital bit patterns and character symbols (i.e. graphemes and control characters). This allows digital devices to communicate with each other and to process, store, and communicate character-oriented information such as written language. Before ASCII was developed, the encodings in use included 26 alphabetic characters, 10 numerical digits, and from 11 to 25 special graphic symbols. To include all these, and control characters compatible with the Comité Consultatif International Téléphonique et Télégraphique (CCITT) International Telegraph Alphabet No. 2 (ITA2) standard, Fieldata, and early EBCDIC, more than 64 codes were required for ASCII.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Social security in Australia", "paragraph_text": "The Age Pension was the first payment made by the Commonwealth Government, dating back to 1909. It is available to persons aged 65 years and over. The eligibility age is currently being progressively increased to a cap of 67 years old. Except for the mandatory superannuation scheme, workers do not contribute to a pension or insurance scheme in Australia, unlike pension schemes in many other countries. Taxpayer - funded pensions are means tested.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "ASCII itself was first used commercially during 1963 as a seven-bit teleprinter code for American Telephone & Telegraph's TWX (TeletypeWriter eXchange) network. TWX originally used the earlier five-bit ITA2, which was also used by the competing Telex teleprinter system. Bob Bemer introduced features such as the escape sequence. His British colleague Hugh McGregor Ross helped to popularize this work – according to Bemer, \"so much so that the code that was to become ASCII was first called the Bemer-Ross Code in Europe\". Because of his extensive work on ASCII, Bemer has been called \"the father of ASCII.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "ASCII was incorporated into the Unicode character set as the first 128 symbols, so the 7-bit ASCII characters have the same numeric codes in both sets. This allows UTF-8 to be backward compatible with 7-bit ASCII, as a UTF-8 file containing only ASCII characters is identical to an ASCII file containing the same sequence of characters. Even more importantly, forward compatibility is ensured as software that recognizes only 7-bit ASCII characters as special and does not alter bytes with the highest bit set (as is often done to support 8-bit ASCII extensions such as ISO-8859-1) will preserve UTF-8 data unchanged.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 25985, "question": "What is the dominant scheme for internal processing?", "answer": "Unicode", "paragraph_support_idx": 0 }, { "id": 13399, "question": "How many of the symbols are the same in the beginning of the ASCII and #1 ?", "answer": "128 symbols", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Raskens", "paragraph_text": "Raskens is a 1927 novel by Swedish writer Vilhelm Moberg. The story takes place in the 19th century and is about Gustav Rask, a peasant who becomes a soldier in the Swedish allotment system.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Pueblo de Los Ángeles", "paragraph_text": "El Pueblo de Nuestra Señora la Reina de los Ángeles (the Town of Our Lady the Queen of the Angels) was the Spanish civilian pueblo founded in 1781, which by the 20th century became the American metropolis of Los Angeles.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "New Mexico Territory", "paragraph_text": "The Territory of New Mexico was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed (with varying boundaries) from September 9, 1850, until January 6, 1912, when the remaining extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of New Mexico, making it the longest - lived organized incorporated territory of the United States, lasting approximately 62 years.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 3, "title": "American Revolution", "paragraph_text": "The American Revolution was a colonial revolt that took place between 1765 and 1783. The American Patriots in the Thirteen Colonies won independence from Great Britain, becoming the United States of America. They defeated the British in the American Revolutionary War in alliance with France and others.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "The Mystical Adventures of Billy Owens", "paragraph_text": "The Mystical Adventures of Billy Owens is a 2008 Canadian fantasy film, which takes place in Spirit River, Alberta, Canada, about a boy who discovers on his 11th birthday that he is capable of using magic and must save his town from destruction. This film was presented in two parts under a \"To Be Continued\" format, with a sequel, \"Billy Owens and the Secret of the Runes\", which followed in 2010.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "France–United Kingdom relations", "paragraph_text": "The French and British fought each other and made treaties with Native American tribes to gain control of North America. Both nations coveted the Ohio Territory and in 1753 a British expedition there led by George Washington clashed with a French force. Shortly afterwards the French and Indian War broke out, initially taking place only in North America but in 1756 becoming part of the wider Seven Years' War in which Britain and France were part of opposing coalitions.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Zagreb Pride", "paragraph_text": "Zagreb Pride is the LGBT pride march in the city of Zagreb, capital of Croatia, with first taking place in 2002. Zagreb Pride is the first successful pride march that took place in Southeast Europe, and has become an annual event. Zagreb Pride members claim their work is inspired by the Stonewall Riots and Gay Liberation Front.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Arrow to the Sun", "paragraph_text": "Arrow to the Sun is a 1973 short film and a 1974 book, both by Gerald McDermott. The book was printed in gouache and ink, and won the 1975 Caldecott Medal for illustration. Both media are a retelling of a Pueblo tale, specifically an Acoma Pueblo tale, in which a mysterious boy seeks his father.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "70th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)", "paragraph_text": "The 70th Infantry Division was an infantry division of the British Army that fought during the Western Desert Campaign of the Second World War. What would become the 70th Division originated with the 7th Infantry Division, which was formed in 1938 to serve in the British Mandate of Palestine during the Arab Revolt. This division then transferred to Egypt on the outbreak of the Second World War and soon became the 6th Infantry Division, which went on to take part in the Battle of Crete and the Syria–Lebanon Campaign. On 10 October 1941, the 6th Division was re-created as the 70th Infantry Division, in an attempt to deceive Axis intelligence concerning the strength of British forces in the Middle East.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Pueblo Revolt", "paragraph_text": "In 1598 Juan de Oñate led 129 soldiers and 10 Franciscan Catholic priests plus a large number of women, children, servants, slaves, and livestock into the Rio Grande valley of New Mexico. There were at the time approximately 40,000 Pueblo Indians inhabiting the region. Oñate put down a revolt at Acoma Pueblo by killing and enslaving hundreds of the Indians and sentencing all men 25 or older to have their foot cut off. The Acoma Massacre would instill fear of the Spanish in the region for years to come, though Franciscan missionaries were assigned to several of the Pueblo towns to Christianize the natives.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Acoma Massacre", "paragraph_text": "The Acoma Massacre was fought in January 1599 between Spanish conquistadors and Acoma Native Americans in what is now New Mexico. After twelve soldiers were killed at Acoma Pueblo in 1598, the Spanish retaliated by launching a punitive expedition, which led to the deaths of around 800 men, women and children during a three - day battle. Several hundred survivors were also enslaved or otherwise severely punished.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Nueva Esparta, El Salvador", "paragraph_text": "Nueva Esparta is a municipality in the northeasternmost zone of El Salvador, inside La Unión Department. The municipality is politically divided into the central Pueblo Nueva Esparta, six outlying canton communities and 31 caserios (smaller community outgrowths from the pueblo or canton communities).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Johann Otto von Gemmingen", "paragraph_text": "Johann Otto von Gemmingen (23 October 1545 – 6 October 1598) was the Bishop of Augsburg from 1591 to 1598.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Rebellion of the Alpujarras (1499–1501)", "paragraph_text": "On 18 December 1499, as part of this effort, constable Velasco de Barrionuevo and an assistant were taking a female elche from the Albayzín for such questioning. When they passed through a square, she shouted that she was being forced to become Christian. The officials were then surrounded by a hostile crowd, and the constable was killed and the assistant managed to escape after being sheltered by a local Muslim woman.This incident escalated into an open revolt. The residents of the Albayzín barricaded the streets and armed themselves. An angry crowd marched to Cisneros' house, apparently for an assault. This crowd later dispersed, but over the following days the revolt become more organized. The population of the Albayzín elected their own officials and leaders. In the standoff that ensued, the archbishop Hernando de Talavera and the Captain-General Marquis de Tendilla attempted to defuse the situation through negotiations and gestures of good-will. After ten days, the uprising ended as the Muslims handed in their weapons and handed over the constable's killers, who were promptly executed.Subsequently, Cisneros was summoned to the court in Seville to account for his actions, facing a furious Ferdinand. Cisneros however argued that it was the Muslims, not him, who breached the Treaty by engaging in armed rebellion. He convinced Ferdinand and Isabella to declare a collective pardon to the rebels, on condition that they convert to Christianity. Cisneros returned to Granada, which now nominally became a fully Christian city.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Muhammad's first revelation", "paragraph_text": "Muhammad's first revelation was an event described in Islam as taking place in 610 AD, during which the prophet Muhammad was visited by the archangel Gabriel, who revealed to him the beginnings of what would later become the Holy Quran. The event took place in a cave called Hira, located on the mountain Jabal an - Nour, near Makka.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Tucson, Arizona", "paragraph_text": "Tucson is commonly known as \"The Old Pueblo\". While the exact origin of this nickname is uncertain, it is commonly traced back to Mayor R. N. \"Bob\" Leatherwood. When rail service was established to the city on March 20, 1880, Leatherwood celebrated the fact by sending telegrams to various leaders, including the President of the United States and the Pope, announcing that the \"ancient and honorable pueblo\" of Tucson was now connected by rail to the outside world. The term became popular with newspaper writers who often abbreviated it as \"A. and H. Pueblo\". This in turn transformed into the current form of \"The Old Pueblo\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Sins of the Fleshapoids", "paragraph_text": "Sins of the Fleshapoids is a 1965 underground film directed by Mike Kuchar. It is a low-budget, campy sci-fi movie about an android revolt a million years in the future after humans have become too lazy and selfish to take care of themselves. The film was a major influence on cult director John Waters who has said that \"Sins of the Fleshapoids\" \"really shows what an underground movie was.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "It's a Long Road", "paragraph_text": "It's a Long Road (\"Όλα είναι δρόμος\" Óla eínai drómos) is a 1998 film by Greek film director Pantelis Voulgaris. It is a triptich, with all three parts taking place in Thrace, one of the more economically depressed parts of Greece.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Pueblo, San Juan, Puerto Rico", "paragraph_text": "Río Piedras Pueblo, (officially just \"Pueblo\"), is one of 18 barrios in the municipality of San Juan, Puerto Rico. It is made up of 6 subbarrios: Buen Consejo, Capetillo, Monte Rey, Río Piedras Antiguo, Ubarri, and Venezuela. Rio Piedras Pueblo is what used to be the urban center barrio of the former municipality of Río Piedras until 1951, when the municipality of Rio Piedras was absorbed by the municipality of San Juan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "New Mexico", "paragraph_text": "Inhabited by Native Americans for thousands of years before European exploration, it was colonized by the Spanish in 1598 as part of the Imperial Spanish viceroyalty of New Spain. It was named Nuevo México after the Aztec Valley of Mexico by Spanish settlers, 223 years before the establishment of the present - day country of Mexico. The present - day state of New Mexico was not named after, nor is it a part of, Mexico. Its geographic characteristics made settlement and effective political control difficult which prompted Mexico's invasion and control of the area from 1824 to 1846. New Mexico's Spanish origins made cultural integration with Mexico unsuitable, which sparked the Revolt of 1837 and a growing economic association with the expanding United States. The 1848 Mexican -- American War indirectly capitalized on this tension and created the U.S. New Mexico Territory. It was admitted to the Union as the 47th state on January 6, 1912.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 60971, "question": "where did the acoma pueblo revolt of 1598 take place", "answer": "in what is now New Mexico", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 }, { "id": 43057, "question": "when did #1 become part of the us", "answer": "January 6, 1912", "paragraph_support_idx": 2 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Federbet", "paragraph_text": "Federbet is an organization of European casino owners and bookmakers that was founded to help unify the laws with respect to gambling in the countries under the European Union, through lobbying and other methods. Part of their operation is to identify match fixing, and to work to eliminate it. Federbet was established in October 2010 in response to the European Commission inquiry regarding on-line gambling. Their headquarters is in Brussels, Paul Tavarelli is the current president of Fedbet, and Francesco Baranca is their secretary general.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Portrait of Francesco Gonzaga", "paragraph_text": "Portrait of Francesco Gonzaga (c. 1461) is a painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Andrea Mantegna. It is housed in the National Museum of Capodimonte, Naples, Italy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Bust of Francesco I d'Este", "paragraph_text": "The Bust of Francesco I d'Este is a marble portrait bust by the Italian sculptor Gian Lorenzo Bernini. Completed in 1652, the work depicts Francesco I d'Este, Duke of Modena. It is in the Museo Estense, Modena, Italy. The noble yet detached expression of the face, the extensive drapery and the lavish locks of hair are often taken to be emblematic of the way Bernini represented 'absolute monarchs' as seemingly adopting superior poses, oblivious to their surroundings. A painting of the portrait bust, surrounded by various objects, undertaken by the artist Francesco Stringa in the late 1660s is in the Minneapolis Institute of Art.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Costa Concordia", "paragraph_text": "Costa Concordia () was a built in 2004 by the Fincantieris Sestri Ponente yards in Italy and operated from 2005 until 2012 by the Costa Crociere subsidiary of Carnival Corporation. It was wrecked off the coast of Isola del Giglio in Italy on 13 January 2012 due to a collision with a submerged rock; the ship capsized hours later and was subsequently declared a total loss. The ship's captain Francesco Schettino was found guilty of manslaughter, causing a maritime accident, and abandoning ship. The wreck was salvaged and then towed to the port of Genoa where scrapping operations began. The name \"Concordia\" was intended to express the wish for \"continuing harmony, unity, and peace between European nations.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Julien Hudson", "paragraph_text": "Julien Hudson (January 9, 1811 – 1844) was a 19th-century free man of color who lived in New Orleans. He was a successful painter and art teacher. He is known as the first African American or French Creole of Color operating in America by whom a self-portrait has been found.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Dell", "paragraph_text": "Assembly of desktop computers for the North American market formerly took place at Dell plants in Austin, Texas (original location) and Lebanon, Tennessee (opened in 1999), which have been closed in 2008 and early 2009, respectively. The plant in Winston-Salem, North Carolina received $280 million USD in incentives from the state and opened in 2005, but ceased operations in November 2010, and Dell's contract with the state requires them to repay the incentives for failing to meet the conditions. Most of the work that used to take place in Dell's U.S. plants was transferred to contract manufacturers in Asia and Mexico, or some of Dell's own factories overseas. The Miami, Florida facility of its Alienware subsidiary remains in operation, while Dell continues to produce its servers (its most profitable products) in Austin, Texas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Bust of Francesco Barberini", "paragraph_text": "The Bust of Francesco Barberini is a marble sculpture by the Italian artist Gian Lorenzo Bernini, now in the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C.. It was executed in 1623. It was commissioned by Pope Urban VIII, who was nephew of Francesco Barberini, an apostolic protonotary. Francesco had actually died in 1600 so Bernini created the bust from an existing painted portrait. The painted portrait is in Corsini Collection in Florence; Bernini made close use of the design, although the painting was a three quarter portrait as opposed to a bust of head, shoulders and upper body.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Frank Kirchbach", "paragraph_text": "Frank Kirchbach (June 2, 1859 (London) - March 19 1912 (Schliersee)), was a German historical-, portrait-, genre- and landscape-painter; who also operated as a graphic designer and illustrator.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Cass, West Virginia", "paragraph_text": "Cass is a census-designated place (CDP) on the Greenbrier River in Pocahontas County, West Virginia, USA. As of the 2010 census, its population was 52. The town, founded in 1901, was named for Joseph Kerr Cass, vice president and cofounder of the West Virginia Pulp and Paper Company.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Dell", "paragraph_text": "By the late 2000s, Dell's \"configure to order\" approach of manufacturing—delivering individual PCs configured to customer specifications from its US facilities was no longer as efficient or competitive with high-volume Asian contract manufacturers as PCs became powerful low-cost commodities. Dell closed plants that produced desktop computers for the North American market, including the Mort Topfer Manufacturing Center in Austin, Texas (original location) and Lebanon, Tennessee (opened in 1999) in 2008 and early 2009, respectively. The desktop production plant in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, received US$280 million in incentives from the state and opened in 2005, but ceased operations in November 2010. Dell's contract with the state required them to repay the incentives for failing to meet the conditions, and they sold the North Carolina plant to Herbalife. Most of the work that used to take place in Dell's U.S. plants was transferred to contract manufacturers in Asia and Mexico, or some of Dell's own factories overseas. The Miami, Florida, facility of its Alienware subsidiary remains in operation, while Dell continues to produce its servers (its most profitable products) in Austin, Texas. On January 8, 2009, Dell announced the closure of its manufacturing plant in Limerick, Ireland, with the loss of 1,900 jobs and the transfer of production to its plant in Łodź in Poland.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Portrait of Francesco delle Opere", "paragraph_text": "The Portrait of Francesco delle Opere is a painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Perugino, dating to 1494 and housed in the Uffizi Gallery, Florence.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Dell", "paragraph_text": "In May 2008, Dell reached an agreement with office supply chain, Officeworks (part of Coles Group), to stock a few modified models in the Inspiron desktop and notebook range. These models have slightly different model numbers, but almost replicate the ones available from the Dell Store. Dell continued its retail push in the Australian market with its partnership with Harris Technology (another part of Coles Group) in November of the same year. In addition, Dell expanded its retail distributions in Australia through an agreement with discount electrical retailer, The Good Guys, known for \"Slashing Prices\". Dell agreed to distribute a variety of makes of both desktops and notebooks, including Studio and XPS systems in late 2008. Dell and Dick Smith Electronics (owned by Woolworths Limited) reached an agreement to expand within Dick Smith's 400 stores throughout Australia and New Zealand in May 2009 (1 year since Officeworks — owned by Coles Group — reached a deal). The retailer has agreed to distribute a variety of Inspiron and Studio notebooks, with minimal Studio desktops from the Dell range. As of 2009[update], Dell continues to run and operate its various kiosks in 18 shopping centres throughout Australia. On March 31, 2010 Dell announced to Australian Kiosk employees that they were shutting down the Australian/New Zealand Dell kiosk program.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Erismena", "paragraph_text": "Erismena is an opera in a prologue and three acts by Francesco Cavalli. It was designated as a \"dramma per musica\". The Italian libretto was by Aurelio Aureli, the only work by this writer for Cavalli.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Francesco Hayez", "paragraph_text": "Francesco Hayez (; 10 February 1791 – 21 December 1882) was an Italian painter, the leading artist of Romanticism in mid-19th-century Milan, renowned for his grand historical paintings, political allegories, and exceptionally fine portraits.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Dell", "paragraph_text": "Dell service and support brands include the Dell Solution Station (extended domestic support services, previously \"Dell on Call\"), Dell Support Center (extended support services abroad), Dell Business Support (a commercial service-contract that provides an industry-certified technician with a lower call-volume than in normal queues), Dell Everdream Desktop Management (\"Software as a Service\" remote-desktop management, originally a SaaS company founded by Elon Musk's cousin, Lyndon Rive, which Dell bought in 2007), and Your Tech Team (a support-queue available to home users who purchased their systems either through Dell's website or through Dell phone-centers).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Uffizi", "paragraph_text": "The building of Uffizi complex was begun by Giorgio Vasari in 1560 for Cosimo I de' Medici so as to accommodate the offices of the Florentine magistrates, hence the name , \"offices\". The construction was later continued by Alfonso Parigi and Bernardo Buontalenti; it was completed in 1581. The top floor was made into a gallery for the family and their guests and included their collection of Roman sculptures.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Dell", "paragraph_text": "Dell announced a change campaign called \"Dell 2.0,\" reducing the number of employees and diversifying the company's products. While chairman of the board after relinquishing his CEO position, Michael Dell still had significant input in the company during Rollins' years as CEO. With the return of Michael Dell as CEO, the company saw immediate changes in operations, the exodus of many senior vice-presidents and new personnel brought in from outside the company. Michael Dell announced a number of initiatives and plans (part of the \"Dell 2.0\" initiative) to improve the company's financial performance. These include elimination of 2006 bonuses for employees with some discretionary awards, reduction in the number of managers reporting directly to Michael Dell from 20 to 12, and reduction of \"bureaucracy\". Jim Schneider retired as CFO and was replaced by Donald Carty, as the company came under an SEC probe for its accounting practices.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Acquaviva delle Fonti railway station", "paragraph_text": "Acquaviva delle Fonti is a railway station in Acquaviva delle Fonti, Italy. The station is located on the Bari–Taranto railway. The train services are operated by Trenitalia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Oristeo", "paragraph_text": "Oristeo is an opera in a prologue and three acts by Francesco Cavalli. It was designated as a \"dramma per musica\". The Italian libretto was by Giovanni Faustini.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Dell", "paragraph_text": "From 1997 to 2004, Dell enjoyed steady growth and it gained market share from competitors even during industry slumps. During the same period, rival PC vendors such as Compaq, Gateway, IBM, Packard Bell, and AST Research struggled and eventually left the market or were bought out. Dell surpassed Compaq to become the largest PC manufacturer in 1999. Operating costs made up only 10 percent of Dell's $35 billion in revenue in 2002, compared with 21 percent of revenue at Hewlett-Packard, 25 percent at Gateway, and 46 percent at Cisco. In 2002, when Compaq merged with Hewlett Packard (the fourth-place PC maker), the newly combined Hewlett Packard took the top spot but struggled and Dell soon regained its lead. Dell grew the fastest in the early 2000s.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 96782, "question": "What is the name of the place where Portrait of Francesco delle Opere can be found?", "answer": "Uffizi", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 }, { "id": 94210, "question": "Who was #1 designed by?", "answer": "Giorgio Vasari", "paragraph_support_idx": 15 } ]

[ "Buontalenti", "Alfonso Parigi", "Vasari", "vasari", "Bernardo Buontalenti" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Mariemont City School District", "paragraph_text": "The Mariemont City School District is located east of Cincinnati, Ohio, United States and includes the villages of Fairfax, Terrace Park, Mariemont, and the unincorporated areas of Plainville and Williams' Meadow. The district can trace its founding to April 14, 1879.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Tim Meadows", "paragraph_text": "Meadows was born in Highland Park, Michigan, the son of Mardell, a nurse's assistant, and Lathon Meadows, a janitor. He attended Pershing High School in Detroit and studied television and radio broadcasting at Wayne State University.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "The Goldbergs (2013 TV series)", "paragraph_text": "Tim Meadows as Jonathan ``Andre ''Glascott, a disenchanted teacher who also delivers pizza and gives guitar lessons for extra money. He serves as the school's hapless guidance counselor.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Meadow, Utah", "paragraph_text": "Meadow is a town in Millard County, Utah, United States. The population was 254 at the 2000 census. Originally called Meadow Creek, the town is located about eight miles south of Fillmore.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Eastern Bengal and Assam", "paragraph_text": "Eastern Bengal and Assam was an administrative subdivision (province) of the British Raj between 1905 and 1912. Headquartered in the city of Dacca, it covered territories in what are now Bangladesh, Northeast India and Northern West Bengal.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Meadow Lake (provincial electoral district)", "paragraph_text": "Meadow Lake is a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan, Canada. Incorporated as a city in 2009, Meadow Lake (pop. 5,045) is the largest centre in the constituency.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Highland Park, Michigan", "paragraph_text": "Highland Park is a city in Wayne County in the State of Michigan, within Metro Detroit. The population was 11,776 at the 2010 census. The city is completely surrounded by Detroit except for a small portion that touches the city of Hamtramck, which is also surrounded by Detroit.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Municipio XIX", "paragraph_text": "The Municipio XIX was an administrative subdivision of the city of Rome. Following the administrative reform of 11 March 2013, it was suppressed and merged into the new, and coextensive, Municipio XIV. Its territory is situated to the north-west part of the municipality of Rome.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Mountain Meadows Massacre", "paragraph_text": "Mountain Meadows Massacre Part of the Mormon wars Date September 7 -- 11, 1857 Location Mountain Meadows, Utah Territory, United States Deaths 120 -- 140 members of the Baker -- Fancher wagon train Non-fatal injuries Around 17 Accused Utah Territorial Militia (Iron County district), Paiute Native American auxiliaries Weapons Guns, Bowie knives", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Territory of Papua", "paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Grand Meadow Township, Mower County, Minnesota", "paragraph_text": "Grand Meadow Township is a township in Mower County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 344 at the 2000 census. The city of Grand Meadow, lies on the eastern boundary of Grand Meadow. All other areas of the township are unincorporated areas. The township was named for the typical landscapes within its borders.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Białołęka", "paragraph_text": "Białołęka (, from \"biały\" - \"white\" and \"łąka\" - \"meadow\") is one of 18 districts of Warsaw, located in the northern part of the city. Until October 27, 2002 Białołęka was a gmina. The name \"Białołęka\" comes from a nobleman Białołęcki, who bought the area before the First World War.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Słupsk County", "paragraph_text": "Słupsk County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Pomeranian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the Baltic coast. It came into being on 1 January 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Słupsk, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The only towns in Słupsk County are Ustka, a coastal resort north-west of Słupsk, and Kępice, south of Słupsk.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Biysky District", "paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "States of Germany", "paragraph_text": "Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "The Ladies Man (2000 film)", "paragraph_text": "The Ladies Man is a 2000 American comedy film that stars actor, comedian and former \"Saturday Night Live\" cast member Tim Meadows. It was directed by Reginald Hudlin. The movie focuses on the exploits of radio host and sex therapy expert Leon Phelps, a character Meadows developed on \"SNL\". The film was a critical and financial flop.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Man with a Plan (TV series)", "paragraph_text": "Kali Rocha as Marcy Burns, Don's wife. Swoosie Kurtz as Beverly Burns, Adam and Don's mother. Sherri Shepherd as Joy, the Burns' neighbor who is also the building inspector on Adam's job site. Tim Meadows as Rudy, the Burns' neighbor and Joy's husband.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Meadow Creek, West Virginia", "paragraph_text": "Meadow Creek is an unincorporated community in Summers County, West Virginia, United States. Meadow Creek is located on the New River, southwest of Meadow Bridge and north of Hinton.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Khabarovsky District", "paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Olsztyn Voivodeship", "paragraph_text": "Olsztyn Voivodeship () was an administrative division and unit of local government in Poland in the years 1945-75, and a new territorial division between 1975–1998, superseded by Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. Its capital city was Olsztyn.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 144148, "question": "In what city was Tim Meadows born?", "answer": "Highland Park", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 }, { "id": 311210, "question": "#1 >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "answer": "Wayne County", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Brazos Mountains", "paragraph_text": "The Brazos Mountains is a range in far northern Rio Arriba County, in northern New Mexico in the southwestern United States. The range is part of the southern portion of the San Juan Mountains which are more well known in Colorado. A high crest runs from the border with Colorado for over in a south-southeasterly direction. The high point of the range at is on Grouse Mesa,", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Mexican Hat, Utah", "paragraph_text": "Mexican Hat is a census-designated place (CDP) on the San Juan River on the northern edge of the Navajo Nations borders in south-central San Juan County, Utah, United States. The population was 31 at the 2010 census, a sharp decline from the previous two censuses.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Mission San Juan Bautista", "paragraph_text": "Mission San Juan Bautista is a Spanish mission in San Juan Bautista, San Benito County, California. Founded on June 24, 1797 by Fermín Lasuén of the Franciscan order, the mission was the fifteenth of the Spanish missions established in present - day California. Named for Saint John the Baptist, the mission is the namesake of the city of San Juan Bautista.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Arrow to the Sun", "paragraph_text": "Arrow to the Sun is a 1973 short film and a 1974 book, both by Gerald McDermott. The book was printed in gouache and ink, and won the 1975 Caldecott Medal for illustration. Both media are a retelling of a Pueblo tale, specifically an Acoma Pueblo tale, in which a mysterious boy seeks his father.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Peñasco Blanco", "paragraph_text": "Peñasco Blanco (\"White Bluff\" in Spanish) is a Chacoan Ancestral Puebloan great house and notable archaeological site located in Chaco Canyon, a canyon in San Juan County, New Mexico, United States. The pueblo consists of an arc-shaped room block, part of an oval enclosing a plaza and great kiva, along with two great kivas outside the great house. The pueblo was built atop the canyon's southern rim to the northwest of the great houses in the main section of the canyon. The building was constructed in five distinct stages between AD 900 and 1125. A cliff painting (the \"Supernova Pictograph\") nearby may record the sighting of a supernova on July 5, 1054 AD.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Arecibo, Puerto Rico", "paragraph_text": "Arecibo () is a municipality on the northern coast of Puerto Rico (U.S.), on the shores of the Atlantic Ocean, located north of Utuado and Ciales; east of Hatillo; and west of Barceloneta and Florida. It is about west of San Juan, the capital city. Arecibo is the largest municipality in Puerto Rico by area, and is part of the San Juan, Caguas and Guaynabo Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is spread over 18 wards and Arecibo Pueblo (the downtown area and the administrative center of the city). Its population in 2010 was 96,440.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Flora Vista, New Mexico", "paragraph_text": "Flora Vista is a census-designated place (CDP) in San Juan County, New Mexico, United States. The population was 1,383 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Farmington Metropolitan Statistical Area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Acoma Massacre", "paragraph_text": "The Acoma Massacre was fought in January 1599 between Spanish conquistadors and Acoma Native Americans in what is now New Mexico. After twelve soldiers were killed at Acoma Pueblo in 1598, the Spanish retaliated by launching a punitive expedition, which led to the deaths of around 800 men, women and children during a three - day battle. Several hundred survivors were also enslaved or otherwise severely punished.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Geography of the United States", "paragraph_text": "On average, the mountains of the western states receive the highest levels of snowfall on Earth. The greatest annual snowfall level is at Mount Rainier in Washington, at 692 inches (1,758 cm); the record there was 1,122 inches (2,850 cm) in the winter of 1971–72. This record was broken by the Mt. Baker Ski Area in northwestern Washington which reported 1,140 inches (2,896 cm) of snowfall for the 1998-99 snowfall season. Other places with significant snowfall outside the Cascade Range are the Wasatch Mountains, near the Great Salt Lake, the San Juan Mountains in Colorado, and the Sierra Nevada, near Lake Tahoe.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "San Juan Mountains", "paragraph_text": "The San Juan Mountains are a high and rugged mountain range in the Rocky Mountains in southwestern Colorado and northwestern New Mexico. The area is highly mineralized (the Colorado Mineral Belt) and figured in the gold and silver mining industry of early Colorado. Major towns, all old mining camps, include Creede, Lake City, Silverton, Ouray, and Telluride. Large scale mining has ended in the region, although independent prospectors still work claims throughout the range. The last large scale mines were the Sunnyside Mine near Silverton, which operated until late in the 20th century and the Idarado Mine on Red Mountain Pass that closed down in the 1970s. Famous old San Juan mines include the Camp Bird and Smuggler Union mines, both located between Telluride and Ouray.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "San Diego", "paragraph_text": "In 1821, Mexico won its independence from Spain, and San Diego became part of the Mexican territory of Alta California. In 1822, Mexico began attempting to extend its authority over the coastal territory of Alta California. The fort on Presidio Hill was gradually abandoned, while the town of San Diego grew up on the level land below Presidio Hill. The Mission was secularized by the Mexican government in 1833, and most of the Mission lands were sold to wealthy Californio settlers. The 432 residents of the town petitioned the governor to form a pueblo, and Juan María Osuna was elected the first alcalde (\"municipal magistrate\"), defeating Pío Pico in the vote. (See, List of pre-statehood mayors of San Diego.) However, San Diego had been losing population throughout the 1830s and in 1838 the town lost its pueblo status because its size dropped to an estimated 100 to 150 residents. Beyond town Mexican land grants expanded the number of California ranchos that modestly added to the local economy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Tselakai Dezza, Utah", "paragraph_text": "Tselakai Dezza is a census-designated place (CDP) in San Juan County, Utah, United States. The population was 103 at the 2000 census.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Spanish Valley, Utah", "paragraph_text": "Spanish Valley is a census-designated place (CDP) in San Juan County, Utah, in the United States. As of the 2000 census, the CDP population was 181. But on almost all maps of the area, and especially in local usage, the name identifies the geographic valley that extends south of the city of Moab. The majority of the valley, and the majority of the population living in it, lies within Grand County the northern neighbor to San Juan County. Only the southern-most third of Spanish Valley lies within San Juan County, and it is the least populated.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Seymour Range", "paragraph_text": "The Seymour Range is a low and small mountain range comprising the mountains/hills between the valley of Cowichan Lake and that of the San Juan River on southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. It has an area of 888 km and is a subrange of the Vancouver Island Ranges which in turn form part of the Insular Mountains.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Caucete Department", "paragraph_text": "Caucete is a department in the eastern part of the San Juan Province of Argentina, which is predominantly a landscape of mountains, and many plantations. It contains the popular Shrine of the Difunta Correa.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "San Juan Bautista District, Ica", "paragraph_text": "San Juan Bautista District is one of fourteen districts of the Ica Province of the Ica Region of Peru. The District 'seat' is the town of San Juan Bautista.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "San Diego", "paragraph_text": "In 1846, the United States went to war against Mexico and sent a naval and land expedition to conquer Alta California. At first they had an easy time of it capturing the major ports including San Diego, but the Californios in southern Alta California struck back. Following the successful revolt in Los Angeles, the American garrison at San Diego was driven out without firing a shot in early October 1846. Mexican partisans held San Diego for three weeks until October 24, 1846, when the Americans recaptured it. For the next several months the Americans were blockaded inside the pueblo. Skirmishes occurred daily and snipers shot into the town every night. The Californios drove cattle away from the pueblo hoping to starve the Americans and their Californio supporters out. On December 1 the Americans garrison learned that the dragoons of General Stephen W. Kearney were at Warner's Ranch. Commodore Robert F. Stockton sent a mounted force of fifty under Captain Archibald Gillespie to march north to meet him. Their joint command of 150 men, returning to San Diego, encountered about 93 Californios under Andrés Pico. In the ensuing Battle of San Pasqual, fought in the San Pasqual Valley which is now part of the city of San Diego, the Americans suffered their worst losses in the campaign. Subsequently a column led by Lieutenant Gray arrived from San Diego, rescuing Kearny's battered and blockaded command.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "History of Puerto Rico", "paragraph_text": "On November 22, 1595, English privateer Sir Francis Drake—with 27 vessels and 2,500 troops—sailed into San Juan Bay intending to loot the city. However, they were unable to defeat the forces entrenched in the forts. Knowing Drake had failed to overcome the city's defenses by sea, on June 15, 1598, the Royal Navy, led by George Clifford, 3rd Earl of Cumberland, landed troops from 21 ships to the east in Santurce. Clifford and his men met Spanish resistance while attempting to cross the San Antonio bridge (from an area known today as Condado) into the islet of San Juan. Nonetheless, the English conquered the island and held it for several months. They were forced to abandon the island owing to an outbreak of dysentery among the troops. The following year Spain sent soldiers, cannons, and a new governor, Alonso de Mercado, to rebuild the city of San Juan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Pueblo Revolt", "paragraph_text": "In 1598 Juan de Oñate led 129 soldiers and 10 Franciscan Catholic priests plus a large number of women, children, servants, slaves, and livestock into the Rio Grande valley of New Mexico. There were at the time approximately 40,000 Pueblo Indians inhabiting the region. Oñate put down a revolt at Acoma Pueblo by killing and enslaving hundreds of the Indians and sentencing all men 25 or older to have their foot cut off. The Acoma Massacre would instill fear of the Spanish in the region for years to come, though Franciscan missionaries were assigned to several of the Pueblo towns to Christianize the natives.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Pueblo, San Juan, Puerto Rico", "paragraph_text": "Río Piedras Pueblo, (officially just \"Pueblo\"), is one of 18 barrios in the municipality of San Juan, Puerto Rico. It is made up of 6 subbarrios: Buen Consejo, Capetillo, Monte Rey, Río Piedras Antiguo, Ubarri, and Venezuela. Rio Piedras Pueblo is what used to be the urban center barrio of the former municipality of Río Piedras until 1951, when the municipality of Rio Piedras was absorbed by the municipality of San Juan.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 60971, "question": "where did the acoma pueblo revolt of 1598 take place", "answer": "in what is now New Mexico", "paragraph_support_idx": 7 }, { "id": 92427, "question": "where are the san juan mountains in #1", "answer": "northwestern New Mexico", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 } ]

[ "NM", "New Mexico", "New Mexico, United States" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Gonzales County, Texas", "paragraph_text": "According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,070 square miles (2,800 km2), of which 1,067 square miles (2,760 km2) is land and 3.2 square miles (8.3 km2) (0.3%) is water.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Ames, Iowa", "paragraph_text": "Ames is a city in central Iowa approximately 30 miles (48 km) north of Des Moines. It is best known as the home of Iowa State University (ISU), with leading Agriculture, Design, Engineering, and Veterinary Medicine colleges. An United States Department of Energy national laboratory, Ames Laboratory, is located on the ISU campus.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Montana", "paragraph_text": "With a total area of 147,040 square miles (380,800 km2), Montana is slightly larger than Japan. It is the fourth largest state in the United States after Alaska, Texas, and California; the largest landlocked U.S. state; and the 56th largest national state/province subdivision in the world. To the north, Montana shares a 545-mile (877 km) border with three Canadian provinces: British Columbia, Alberta, and Saskatchewan, the only state to do so. It borders North Dakota and South Dakota to the east, Wyoming to the south and Idaho to the west and southwest.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "List of national parks of India", "paragraph_text": "Further federal legislation strengthening protection for wildlife was introduced in the 1980s. As of July 2018, there were 110 national parks encompassing an area of 40,501 km2 (15,638 sq mi), under protected areas of India category II comprising 1.23% of India's total surface area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Oklahoma City", "paragraph_text": "According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 620.34 square miles (1,606.7 km2), of which, 601.11 square miles (1,556.9 km2) of it is land and 19.23 square miles (49.8 km2) of it is water. The total area is 3.09 percent water.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Sydney", "paragraph_text": "Sydney is a coastal basin with the Tasman Sea to the east, the Blue Mountains to the west, the Hawkesbury River to the north, and the Woronora Plateau to the south. The inner city measures 25 square kilometres (10 square miles), the Greater Sydney region covers 12,367 square kilometres (4,775 square miles), and the city's urban area is 1,687 square kilometres (651 square miles) in size.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Detroit", "paragraph_text": "Detroit is the center of a three-county urban area (population 3,734,090, area of 1,337 square miles (3,460 km2), a 2010 United States Census) six-county metropolitan statistical area (2010 Census population of 4,296,250, area of 3,913 square miles [10,130 km2]), and a nine-county Combined Statistical Area (2010 Census population of 5,218,852, area of 5,814 square miles [15,060 km2]). The Detroit–Windsor area, a commercial link straddling the Canada–U.S. border, has a total population of about 5,700,000. The Detroit metropolitan region holds roughly one-half of Michigan's population.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Richmond, Virginia", "paragraph_text": "Richmond is located at 37°32′N 77°28′W / 37.533°N 77.467°W / 37.533; -77.467 (37.538, −77.462). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 62 square miles (160 km2), of which 60 square miles (160 km2) is land and 2.7 square miles (7.0 km2) of it (4.3%) is water. The city is located in the Piedmont region of Virginia, at the highest navigable point of the James River. The Piedmont region is characterized by relatively low, rolling hills, and lies between the low, sea level Tidewater region and the Blue Ridge Mountains. Significant bodies of water in the region include the James River, the Appomattox River, and the Chickahominy River.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Phoenix Marketcity (Pune)", "paragraph_text": "Phoenix Market City is a shopping mall developed by Phoenix Mills Limited located in Pune, Maharashtra. It was opened in January 2013 and is the smallest mall in India, with the area of 3.4 million square feet. It is located in the Vimannagar area of Pune.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "United States Virgin Islands", "paragraph_text": "The U.S. Virgin Islands consist of the main islands of Saint Croix, Saint John, and Saint Thomas, and many other surrounding minor islands. The total land area of the territory is 133.73 square miles (346.36 km). The territory's capital is Charlotte Amalie on the island of Saint Thomas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "List of counties in Georgia", "paragraph_text": "Counties of Georgia Location State of Georgia Number 159 Populations Greatest: 1,010,562 (Fulton) Least: 1,680 (Taliaferro) Average: 64,845 (2016) Areas Largest: 903 square miles (2,340 km) (Ware) Smallest: 121 square miles (310 km) (Clarke) Average: 374 square miles (970 km) Government County government Subdivisions Cities, towns, unincorporated communities, census designated place", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Funafuti", "paragraph_text": "Funafuti is an atoll and the capital of the island nation of Tuvalu. It has a population of 6,025 people, making it the country's most populated atoll, with 56.6 percent of Tuvalu's population. It is a narrow sweep of land between 20 and 400 metres (66 and 1,312 feet) wide, encircling a large lagoon (Te Namo) 18 km (11 miles) long and 14 km (9 miles) wide. The average depth in the Funafuti lagoon is about 20 fathoms (36.5 metres or 120 feet). With a surface of 275 square kilometres (106.2 sq mi), it is by far the largest lagoon in Tuvalu. The land area of the 33 islets aggregates to 2.4 square kilometres (0.9 sq mi), less than one percent of the total area of the atoll. Cargo ships can enter Funafuti's lagoon and dock at the port facilities on Fongafale.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Swiss Alps", "paragraph_text": "The Alps cover 65% of Switzerland's total 41,285 square kilometres (15,940 sq mi) surface area, making it one of the most alpine countries. Despite the fact that Switzerland covers only 14% of the Alps total 192,753 square kilometres (74,422 sq mi) area, 48 out of 82 alpine four - thousanders are located in the Swiss Alps and practically all of the remaining 34 are within 20 kilometres (12 mi) of the country's border.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "With a total area of 42.7 km2 (16.5 sq mi), New Delhi forms a small part of the Delhi metropolitan area. Because the city is located on the Indo-Gangetic Plain, there is little difference in elevation across the city. New Delhi and surrounding areas were once a part of the Aravalli Range; all that is left of those mountains is the Delhi Ridge, which is also called the Lungs of Delhi. While New Delhi lies on the floodplains of the Yamuna River, it is essentially a landlocked city. East of the river is the urban area of Shahdara. New Delhi falls under the seismic zone-IV, making it vulnerable to earthquakes.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Protected areas of India", "paragraph_text": "As of May 2004, the protected areas of India cover 156,700 square kilometres (60,500 sq mi), roughly 4.95% of the total surface area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "San Juan, Puerto Rico", "paragraph_text": "San Juan is located along the north - eastern coast of Puerto Rico. It lies south of the Atlantic Ocean; north of Caguas and Trujillo Alto; east of and Guaynabo; and west of Carolina. The city occupies an area of 76.93 square miles (199.2 km), of which, 29.11 square miles (75.4 km) (37.83%) is water. San Juan's main water bodies are San Juan Bay and two natural lagoons, the Condado and San José.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Canada", "paragraph_text": "Canada (French: (kanadɑ)) is a country located in the northern part of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles), making it the world's second - largest country by total area. Canada's southern border with the United States is the world's longest bi-national land border. As a whole, Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land area being dominated by forest and tundra. Consequently, its population is highly urbanized, with 82 percent of the 35.15 million people concentrated in large and medium - sized cities, many near the southern border. Its capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver. Canada's climate varies widely across its vast area, ranging from arctic weather in the north, to hot summers in the southern regions, with four distinct seasons.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "National Physical Laboratory of India", "paragraph_text": "The National Physical Laboratory of India, situated in New Delhi, is the measurement standards laboratory of India. It maintains standards of SI units in India and calibrates the national standards of weights and measures.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Mexican–American War", "paragraph_text": "Before the secession of Texas, Mexico comprised almost 1,700,000 sq mi (4,400,000 km), but by 1849 it was just under 800,000 square miles (2,100,000 km). Another 30,000 square miles (78,000 km) were sold to the U.S. in the Gadsden Purchase of 1853, so the total reduction of Mexican territory was more than 55%, or 900,000 square miles (2,300,000 km).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Washington County, Wisconsin", "paragraph_text": "According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 436 square miles (1,130 km2), of which 431 square miles (1,120 km2) is land and 5.0 square miles (13 km2) (1.2%) is water. It is the fifth-smallest county in Wisconsin by total area.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 45290, "question": "where is the national physical laboratory located in india", "answer": "in New Delhi", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 }, { "id": 11117, "question": "What is the total area of #1 in square miles?", "answer": "16.5 sq mi", "paragraph_support_idx": 13 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Pope Leo X", "paragraph_text": "Pope Leo X (11 December 1475 – 1 December 1521), born Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici, was Pope from 9 March 1513 to his death in 1521.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Republic of Florence", "paragraph_text": "The republic had a checkered history of coups and counter-coups against various factions. The Medici faction gained governance of the city in 1434, upon Cosimo de 'Medici's counter-coup against the faction that had sent him into exile the previous year. The Medici kept control of Florence until 1494. Giovanni de' Medici (later Pope Leo X) re-conquered the republic in 1512.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Jardin du Luxembourg", "paragraph_text": "The Jardin du Luxembourg, also known in English as the Luxembourg Gardens, is located in the 6th arrondissement of Paris, France. It was created beginning in 1612 by Marie de' Medici, the widow of King Henry IV of France, for a new residence she constructed, the Luxembourg Palace. The garden today is owned by the French Senate, which meets in the Palace. It covers 23 hectares and is known for its lawns, tree-lined promenades, flowerbeds, model sailboats on its circular basin, and picturesque Medici Fountain, built in 1620.. The name Luxembourg comes from the Latin Mons Lucotitius, the name of the hill where the garden is located.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Victoria of France", "paragraph_text": "Victoria of France (; 24 June 1556 – 17 August 1556) and her twin sister Joan were the last children born to King Henry II of France and his wife, Catherine de' Medici.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Giuliano de' Medici", "paragraph_text": "Giuliano de' Medici (25 March 1453 – 26 April 1478) was the second son of Piero de' Medici (the Gouty) and Lucrezia Tornabuoni. As co-ruler of Florence, with his brother Lorenzo the Magnificent, he complemented his brother's image as the \"patron of the arts\" with his own image as the handsome, sporting, \"golden boy.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Nannina de' Medici", "paragraph_text": "Nannina de' Medici (14 February 1448 – 14 May 1493), born Lucrezia de' Medici, was the second daughter of Piero di Cosimo de' Medici and Lucrezia Tornabuoni. She was thus the elder sister of Lorenzo de' Medici. She married Bernardo Rucellai. Her father's name was Piero, so she is sometimes known as Lucrezia di Piero de' Medici.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "IKEA effect", "paragraph_text": "The IKEA effect is a cognitive bias in which consumers place a disproportionately high value on products they partially created. The name derives from the name of Swedish manufacturer and furniture retailer IKEA, which sells many furniture products that require assembly.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Carlo de' Medici", "paragraph_text": "Carlo di Cosimo de' Medici (1428 or 1430 – May 29, 1492) was an Italian priest. A member of the powerful Medici family, he became a senior clergyman and collector.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Platonic Academy (Florence)", "paragraph_text": "The Neoplatonic Florentine Academy was founded after Gemistus Pletho reintroduced Plato's thoughts to Western Europe during the 1438 -- 39 Council of Florence. It was sponsored by Cosimo de 'Medici, led by Marsilio Ficino and supported by Medici until death of Lorenzo Medici. It was never a formal group but the members considered themselves a modern form of Plato's Academy. Important members were Poliziano, Cristoforo Landino, Pico della Mirandola, and Gentile de' Becchi. The academy would proceed to translate into Latin all of Plato's works, the Enneads of Plotinus, and various other Neoplatonic works.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Catalunya Ràdio", "paragraph_text": "Catalunya Ràdio () is Catalonia's public radio network. With headquarters in Barcelona, it is part of the Corporació Catalana de Mitjans Audiovisuals (CCMA), owned by the Generalitat de Catalunya. Catalunya Ràdio broadcasts exclusively in Catalan and is the major Catalan-language network today, although Ràdio 4 from Radio Nacional de España (founded in 1976) was the first post-Franco Era station to broadcast in the language.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Catherine de' Medici", "paragraph_text": "Catherine de' Medici (Italian: \"Caterina de Medici\", ; French: \"Catherine de Médicis\", ; 13 April 1519 – 5 January 1589), daughter of Lorenzo II de' Medici and Madeleine de La Tour d'Auvergne, was an Italian noblewoman who was queen of France from 1547 until 1559, by marriage to King Henry II. As the mother of kings Francis II, Charles IX and Henry III, she had extensive, if at times varying, influence in the political life of France. From 1560 to 1563, she ruled France as regent for her son Charles IX, King of France.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Portrait of Pablo de Valladolid", "paragraph_text": "Portrait of Pablo de Valladolid is a portrait painted c. 1635 by Diego Velázquez of Pablo or \"Pablillos\" de Valladolid (1587–1648), a jester and actor at Philip IV's court from 1632 until his death. It is now in the Prado, to which it was moved in 1827.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Portrait of Bia de' Medici", "paragraph_text": "The Portrait of Bia de' Medici is an oil-tempera on wood painting by Agnolo Bronzino, dating to around 1542 and now in the Uffizi in Florence. For a long time it was displayed in the Tribuna at the heart of the museum, but since 2012 it has been moved to the 'sale rosse' of the Nuovi Uffizi. A second portrait, by Pontormo, has also been argued to show Bia de' Medici, but this identification is disputed.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Place Carnot", "paragraph_text": "During the First Empire, the square was named Place des Victoires. The name was changed to Place Louis XVI under Charles X, then Place Louis XVIII (1821–48), Place de la Liberté (1848), Place de la République (1848–49), Place Napoléon (1849–71) and Place Perrache (1871–89). The name Place Carnot was officially assigned by the Municipal Council on 18 February 1889, in honor of Lazare Carnot, a Hero of the Revolution.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Valencia", "paragraph_text": "In 1409, a hospital was founded and placed under the patronage of Santa María de los Inocentes; to this was attached a confraternity devoted to recovering the bodies of the unfriended dead in the city and within a radius of three miles (4.8 km) around it. At the end of the 15th century this confraternity separated from the hospital, and continued its work under the name of \"Cofradia para el ámparo de los desamparados\". King Philip IV of Spain and the Duke of Arcos suggested the building of the new chapel, and in 1647 the Viceroy, Conde de Oropesa, who had been preserved from the bubonic plague, insisted on carrying out their project. The Blessed Virgin was proclaimed patroness of the city under the title of Virgen de los desamparados (Virgin of the Forsaken), and Archbishop Pedro de Urbina, on 31 June 1652, laid the cornerstone of the new chapel of this name. The archiepiscopal palace, a grain market in the time of the Moors, is simple in design, with an inside cloister and a handsome chapel. In 1357, the arch that connects it with the cathedral was built. In the council chamber are preserved the portraits of all the prelates of Valencia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Uffizi", "paragraph_text": "The Uffizi Gallery (, ) is a prominent art museum located adjacent to the Piazza della Signoria in the Historic Centre of Florence in the region of Tuscany, Italy. One of the most important Italian museums and the most visited, it is also one of the largest and best known in the world and holds a collection of priceless works, particularly from the period of the Italian Renaissance.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Eleanor de' Medici", "paragraph_text": "Eleonor de' Medici (28 February 1567 – 9 September 1611) was a Duchess of Mantua by marriage to Vincenzo I Gonzaga. She was a daughter of Francesco I de' Medici and Joanna of Austria. She was a family member of the famous House of Medici and the sister of Marie de' Medici the Queen of France.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Giovio Series", "paragraph_text": "The Giovio Series, also known as the Giovio Collection or Giovio Portraits, is a series of 484 portraits assembled by the 16th-century Italian Renaissance historian and biographer Paolo Giovio. It includes portraits of literary figures, rulers, statesmen and other dignitaries, many of which were done from life. Intended by Giovio as a public archive of famous men, the collection was originally housed in a specially-built museum on the shore of Lake Como. Although the original collection has not survived intact, a set of copies made for Cosimo I de' Medici now has a permanent home in Florence's Uffizi Gallery.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici", "paragraph_text": "Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici (11 August 1667 – 18 February 1743) was the last lineal descent of the main branch of the House of Medici. A patron of the arts, she bequeathed the Medici's large art collection, including the contents of the Uffizi, Palazzo Pitti and the Medicean villas, which she inherited upon her brother Gian Gastone's death in 1737, and her Palatine treasures to the Tuscan state, on the condition that no part of it could be removed from \"the Capital of the grand ducal State...[and from] the succession of His Serene Grand Duke.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Namibia", "paragraph_text": "The first newspaper in Namibia was the German-language Windhoeker Anzeiger, founded 1898. Radio was introduced in 1969, TV in 1981. During German rule, the newspapers mainly reflected the living reality and the view of the white German-speaking minority. The black majority was ignored or depicted as a threat. During South African rule, the white bias continued, with mentionable influence of the Pretoria government on the \"South West African\" media system. Independent newspapers were seen as a menace to the existing order, critical journalists threatened.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 96774, "question": "What is the name of the place where Portrait of Bia de' Medici can be found?", "answer": "Uffizi", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 }, { "id": 127733, "question": "What language is #1 in?", "answer": "Italian", "paragraph_support_idx": 15 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Man on the Moon (film)", "paragraph_text": "Man on the Moon is a 1999 American biographical comedy-drama film about the late American entertainer Andy Kaufman, starring Jim Carrey as Kaufman. The film was directed by Miloš Forman and also features Danny DeVito, Courtney Love, and Paul Giamatti.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Danny Manning", "paragraph_text": "Daniel Ricardo Manning (born May 17, 1966) is an American college basketball coach and retired National Basketball Association player. He is the current men's head coach at Wake Forest. After retiring from professional basketball Manning became an assistant coach at his alma mater, the University of Kansas. He won the national championship with the Jayhawks in 1988 as a player, and again on the coaching staff in 2008. He is the all - time leading scorer in Kansas basketball history with 2,951 points; the closest player to his point total, Nick Collison, is 854 points behind.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Territory of Papua", "paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Paea", "paragraph_text": "Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert", "paragraph_text": "The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a \"zone d'exploitation contrôlée\" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Bogotá", "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Peyton Manning", "paragraph_text": "Peyton Williams Manning (born March 24, 1976) is a former American football quarterback who played 18 seasons in the National Football League (NFL), primarily with the Indianapolis Colts. Considered to be one of the greatest quarterbacks of all time due to his numerous career achievements, he spent 14 seasons with the Colts and was a member of the Denver Broncos in his last four seasons. Manning played college football for the University of Tennessee, leading the Tennessee Volunteers to the 1997 SEC Championship in his senior season. He is the second son of former NFL quarterback Archie Manning and older brother of New York Giants quarterback Eli Manning.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Graham House (cricketer)", "paragraph_text": "House played a further three matches for Western Australia (two during the rest of the 1972–73 season and one the following season), but Bob Paulsen was generally the state's first-choice spinner, and he transferred to South Australia for the following season. Though hoping to gain more regular selection, he only played twice at first-class level for South Australia—once against Queensland and once against England on its 1974–75 tour of Australia. Returning to Busselton, House occasionally played Australian rules football in the local South West Football League (SWFL), and won the Busselton Football Club's best and fairest award in 1976. After retiring from playing, House served in various coaching and administrative roles in the Northern Territory, including head coach of the Northern Territory Institute of Sport's cricket program and chairman of selectors of Northern Territory Cricket.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Ap Lo Chun", "paragraph_text": "Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "The Man from the Diners' Club", "paragraph_text": "The Man from the Diners' Club is a 1963 comedy film starring Danny Kaye, directed by Frank Tashlin. It was made by Ampersand and Dena Productions and released by Columbia Pictures.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Arrondissement of Mechelen", "paragraph_text": "The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Guillaume Yango", "paragraph_text": "Guillaume Yango (born January 31, 1982 in Aubervilliers, France) is a French basketball player who played 29 games for French Pro A league club Le Mans Sarthe Basket during the 2009–2010 season and 15 games for Paris-Levallois Basket during the 2010–2011 season. Yango began his college playing career at the College of Southern Idaho. He then helped lead the University of the Pacific Tigers to NCAA Tournament First Round wins in both 2004 and 2005.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "States of Germany", "paragraph_text": "Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Lutsel K'e Dene School", "paragraph_text": "Lutsel K'e Dene School is a K-12 public school located in Lutselk'e, Northwest Territories, Canada. The school currently represents the only public education option for youth in the settlement and serves a student population of approximately 73 students. The administration of the school is the responsibility of the South Slave Divisional Education Council (SSDEC).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Vilnius County", "paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Khabarovsky District", "paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Deninu School", "paragraph_text": "Deninu School is a K-12 public school located in Fort Resolution, Northwest Territories, Canada. The school currently represents the only public education option for youth in the hamlet and serves a student population of approximately 125 students. The administration of the school is the responsibility of the South Slave Divisional Education Council (SSDEC).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Angela Cartwright", "paragraph_text": "Angela Margaret Cartwright (born September 9, 1952) is an English - born American actress primarily known for her roles in movies and television. Cartwright is best known as a child actress for her role as Brigitta von Trapp in the Academy Award winning film The Sound of Music (1965). On television, she played Linda Williams, the stepdaughter of Danny Williams (played by Danny Thomas) in the 1950s TV series The Danny Thomas Show, and Penny Robinson, in the 1960s television series Lost in Space. Her older sister is actress Veronica Cartwright.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Biysky District", "paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Center for the Study of Science Fiction", "paragraph_text": "The Center for the Study of Science Fiction is an endowed educational institution associated with the University of Kansas in Lawrence, KS, that emerged from the science-fiction (SF) programs that James Gunn created at the University beginning in 1968. The Center was formally established through an endowment in 1982 as a focus for courses, workshops, lectures, student and international awards, a conference, fan groups, and other SF-related programs at the University of Kansas.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 62735, "question": "who did danny manning play for in college", "answer": "the University of Kansas", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 }, { "id": 471321, "question": "#1 >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "answer": "Lawrence", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "The Sue Sylvester Shuffle", "paragraph_text": "\"The Sue Sylvester Shuffle\" is the eleventh episode of the second season of the American musical television series \"Glee\", and the thirty-third episode overall. It was written by Ian Brennan, directed by Brad Falchuk, and was broadcast immediately following Super Bowl XLV on February 6, 2011. In the episode, an effort to dispel student rivalry forces the McKinley High football team and glee club to unite. When cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch) withdraws her squad from the halftime show of a championship football game, the disparate groups must come together to perform a routine and win the game.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Super Bowl LII", "paragraph_text": "Super Bowl LII, the 52nd Super Bowl and the 48th modern - era National Football League (NFL) championship game, will decide the league champion for the 2017 NFL season. The game is scheduled to be held on February 4, 2018, at U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota, the second Super Bowl in Minneapolis, which previously hosted Super Bowl XXVI in 1992. The game will be televised in the United States by NBC. It will be the sixth Super Bowl in a cold weather city.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "List of Super Bowl champions", "paragraph_text": "Before the 1970 merger between the American Football League (AFL) and the National Football League (NFL), the two leagues met in four such contests. The first two were marketed as the ``AFL -- NFL World Championship Game '', but were also casually referred to as`` the Super Bowl game'' during the television broadcast. Super Bowl III in January 1969 was the first such game that carried the ``Super Bowl ''moniker in official marketing, the names`` Super Bowl I'' and ``Super Bowl II ''were retroactively applied to the first two games. The NFC / NFL leads in Super Bowl wins with 26, while the AFC / AFL has won 25. Nineteen different franchises, including teams that relocated to another city, have won the Super Bowl.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Super Bowl commercials", "paragraph_text": "The prominence of airing a commercial during the Super Bowl has also carried an increasingly high price: the average cost of a 30 - second commercial during the Super Bowl has ranged from $37,500 at Super Bowl I, to around $2.2 million at Super Bowl XXXIV in 2000, and by Super Bowl XLIX in 2015, had doubled to around $4.5 million. The cost of advertising during the Super Bowl has reached a point that some companies may not be able to recoup their costs from the resulting revenue. Some commercials airing during, or proposed to air during the game, have also attracted controversy due to the nature of their content.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Aachener Printen", "paragraph_text": "Aachener Printen are a type of Lebkuchen originating from the city of Aachen in Germany. Somewhat similar to gingerbread, Printen were originally sweetened with honey, but for two centuries the tradition is to use a syrup made from sugar beets.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Super Bowl LII halftime show", "paragraph_text": "Super Bowl LII halftime show Date February 4, 2018 Location Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S. Venue U.S. Bank Stadium Headliner Justin Timberlake Special guests The Tennessee Kids, University of Minnesota Marching Band Sponsor Pepsi Director Hamish Hamilton Producer Ricky Kirshner Super Bowl halftime show chronology LI (2017) LII (2018) LIII (2019)", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Cowboys–Steelers rivalry", "paragraph_text": "The Steelers have remained competitive since and have won two more Super Bowls (Super Bowl XL, Super Bowl XLIII) and losing one (Super Bowl XLV) while the Cowboys have not been back to the Super Bowl since Super Bowl XXX and have won only three playoff games from 1996 onward. The two teams have only met four times since the 1998 NFL season. The Steelers defeated the Cowboys in the first two games, winning 24 -- 20 in 2004 and 20 -- 13 in 2008. The Cowboys then defeated the Steelers in 2012 by a 27 -- 24 margin in overtime and again in 2016 by a 35 -- 30 margin.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Super Bowl LI halftime show", "paragraph_text": "Super Bowl LI halftime show Date February 5, 2017 Location Houston, Texas Venue NRG Stadium Headliner Lady Gaga Sponsor Pepsi Director Hamish Hamilton Producer Ricky Kirshner Super Bowl halftime show chronology 50 (2016) LI (2017) LII (2018)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Super Bowl LII", "paragraph_text": "Super Bowl LII was an American football game played to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2017 season. The National Football Conference (NFC) champion Philadelphia Eagles defeated the American Football Conference (AFC) and defending Super Bowl LI champion New England Patriots, 41 -- 33, to win their first Super Bowl and their first NFL title since 1960. The game was played on February 4, 2018, at U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota. This was the second time that a Super Bowl was played in Minneapolis, the northernmost city to ever host the event, after Super Bowl XXVI at the Metrodome during the 1991 season, and the sixth Super Bowl held in a cold - weather city.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Super Bowl LII", "paragraph_text": "Justin Timberlake headlined the Super Bowl LII halftime show, along with his band ``The Tennessee Kids ''and featuring the University of Minnesota Marching Band. Timberlake performed in two previous Super Bowls: Super Bowl XXXV in 2001 as a member of NSYNC, and Super Bowl XXXVIII in 2004 with Janet Jackson.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "John Elway", "paragraph_text": "After two more Super Bowl losses, the Broncos entered a period of decline; however, that ended during the 1997 season, as Elway and Denver won their first Super Bowl title by defeating the Green Bay Packers 31 -- 24 in Super Bowl XXXII. The Broncos repeated as champions the following season in Super Bowl XXXIII by defeating the Atlanta Falcons 34 -- 19. Elway was voted MVP of that Super Bowl, which was the last game of his career, and in doing so Elway set a then - record five Super Bowl starts which was broken in February 2015 when Tom Brady of the New England Patriots started Super Bowl XLIX. As Denver's quarterback, Elway led his teams to six AFC Championship Games and five Super Bowls, winning two. After his retirement as a player, he served as general manager and executive vice president of football operations of the Broncos, which won four division titles, two AFC Championships, and Super Bowl 50 during his tenure. Elway has been a member of the Broncos organization for all three of their Super Bowl victories, two as a player and one as an executive.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar", "paragraph_text": "The Pepsi - Cola Made with Real Sugar, formerly called Throwback, is a brand of soft drink sold by PepsiCo in the United States and in sweet stores in South Australia for its flagship Pepsi and Mountain Dew brands. The drinks, called Pepsi Throwback and Mountain Dew Throwback, are named as such because they are flavored with cane sugar and beet sugar instead of high fructose corn syrup, which soft drink companies used to replace sugar (in their North American products) in the 1980s. In addition, these drinks use retro packaging. As of June 2014, Pepsi Throwback has been replaced in one area of the United States by ``Pepsi - Cola Made with Real Sugar '', a new product formulation, also made without high fructose corn syrup.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "List of Super Bowl halftime shows", "paragraph_text": "The NFL does not pay the halftime show performers an appearance fee, though it covers all expenses for the performers and their entourage of band members management, technical crew, security personnel, family, and friends. Super Bowl XXVII halftime show with Michael Jackson provided an exception, as the NFL and Frito - Lay agreed to make a donation and provide commercial time for Jackson's Heal the World Foundation. According to Nielsen SoundScan data, the halftime performers regularly experience significant spikes in weekly album sales and paid digital downloads due to the exposure. For Super Bowl XLIX, it was reported by the Wall Street Journal that league officials asked representatives of potential acts if they would be willing to provide financial compensation to the NFL in exchange for their appearance, in the form of either an up - front fee, or a cut of revenue from concert performances made after the Super Bowl. While these reports were denied by an NFL spokeswoman, the request had, according to the Journal, received a ``chilly ''response from those involved.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "List of Super Bowl halftime shows", "paragraph_text": "LI Main article: Super Bowl LI halftime show Date: Feb 5, 2017 Location: NRG Stadium (Houston, Texas) Performer: Lady Gaga Producer: Ricky Kirshner Director: Hamish Hamilton Sponsor: Pepsi Zero Sugar References: Setlist: ``God Bless America ''/`` This Land Is Your Land'' ``Poker Face ''`` Born This Way'' ``Telephone ''`` Just Dance'' ``Million Reasons ''`` Bad Romance''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Super Bowl LI halftime show", "paragraph_text": "The Super Bowl LI Halftime show took place on February 5, 2017, at NRG Stadium in Houston, Texas as part of Super Bowl LI. The show was headlined by Lady Gaga, who performed a medley of her songs, including newer material from her most recent studio album Joanne.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Super Bowl", "paragraph_text": "The location of the Super Bowl is chosen by the NFL well in advance, usually three to five years before the game. Cities place bids to host a Super Bowl and are evaluated in terms of stadium renovation and their ability to host. In 2014, a document listing the specific requirements of Super Bowl hosts was leaked, giving a clear list of what was required for a Super Bowl host. Much of the cost of the Super Bowl is to be assumed by the host community, although some costs are enumerated within the requirements to be assumed by the NFL. Some of the host requirements include:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Keith McKeller", "paragraph_text": "Terrell Keith McKeller (born July 9, 1964 in Birmingham, Alabama) is a former American football tight end for the Buffalo Bills from 1987 to 1993. McKeller's blocking and pass receiving was a big asset to the team during the early 90's, assisting them to 4 Super Bowl appearances — Super Bowl XXV, Super Bowl XXVI, Super Bowl XXVII, and Super Bowl XXVIII. His best season was in 1990, when he caught 34 passes for 464 yards and 5 touchdowns.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Es teler", "paragraph_text": "Es Teler is a fruit cocktail from Indonesia. Avocado, coconut meat, cincau, jackfruit and other fruits are served with coconut milk, sweetened condensed milk, \"Pandanus amaryllifolius\" leaf (normally in the form of cocopandan syrup), sugar, and a tiny amount of salt.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Super Bowl XXXVII", "paragraph_text": "Super Bowl XXXVII was an American football game between the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Oakland Raiders and the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Tampa Bay Buccaneers to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 2002 season. The Buccaneers defeated the Raiders by the score of 48 -- 21, tied with Super Bowl XXXV for the seventh largest Super Bowl margin of victory, and winning their first ever Super Bowl. The game, played on January 26, 2003 at Qualcomm Stadium in San Diego, California, was the sixth Super Bowl to be held a week after the conference championship games (XVII, XXV, XXVIII, XXXIV, and XXXVI). It was also the last Super Bowl played in the month of January.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Green Bay Packers", "paragraph_text": "The Packers have won 13 league championships, the most in NFL history, with nine pre-Super Bowl NFL titles in addition to four Super Bowl victories. The Packers won the first two Super Bowls in 1967 and 1968 and were the only NFL team to defeat the American Football League (AFL) prior to the AFL -- NFL merger. The Vince Lombardi Trophy is named after the Packers' coach Lombardi, who guided them to their first two Super Bowls. Their two additional Super Bowl wins came in 1997 and 2011.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 89735, "question": "who is sponsoring the halftime show for the super bowl", "answer": "Pepsi", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 }, { "id": 89145, "question": "when did #1 change from sugar to corn syrup", "answer": "the 1980s", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "2003 FIFA Confederations Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2003 FIFA Confederations Cup football tournament was the sixth FIFA Confederations Cup, held in France in June 2003. France retained the title they had won in 2001, but the tournament was overshadowed by the death of Cameroon player Marc-Vivien Foé, who died of heart failure in his side's semi-final against Colombia. Foé's death united the France and Cameroon teams in the final match, which was played even though team players from both sides had explicitly stated that the match should not be played out of respect for Foé. France went on to win the trophy with a golden goal from Thierry Henry.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Arsenal F.C.", "paragraph_text": "The return of former player George Graham as manager in 1986 brought a third period of glory. Arsenal won the League Cup in 1987, Graham's first season in charge. This was followed by a League title win in 1988–89, won with a last-minute goal in the final game of the season against fellow title challengers Liverpool. Graham's Arsenal won another title in 1990–91, losing only one match, won the FA Cup and League Cup double in 1993, and a second European trophy, the European Cup Winners' Cup, in 1994. Graham's reputation was tarnished when he was found to have taken kickbacks from agent Rune Hauge for signing certain players, and he was dismissed in 1995. His replacement, Bruce Rioch, lasted for only one season, leaving the club after a dispute with the board of directors.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "List of Premier League seasons", "paragraph_text": "Six clubs have won the title: Manchester United (13 times), Chelsea (5), Arsenal (3), Manchester City (2), Blackburn Rovers and Leicester City; Manchester United was the first club to win the league three consecutive seasons in a row twice (1998 -- 99 to 2000 -- 01 & 2006 -- 07 to 2008 -- 09) and Arsenal was the only team to go an entire season without a single defeat in 2003 -- 04. The record number of points accumulated by a team is 95 by Chelsea, who won the Premier League in 2004 -- 05. Crystal Palace, Norwich and Sunderland have been relegated the most times (4) while Derby County accumulated the lowest ever points total with 11 in the 2007 -- 08 season. 16 top goalscorers from 11 different clubs have been awarded the Premier League Golden Boot. Andy Cole and Alan Shearer scored 34 goals in a 42 - game season -- the most in a Premier League season, while Alan Shearer, Cristiano Ronaldo and Luis Suárez jointly hold the record in a 38 - game season with 31. Dutchman Jimmy Floyd Hasselbaink was the first foreigner to win the award outright in 2000 -- 01 having shared the accolade with Dwight Yorke of Trinidad and Tobago in 1998 -- 99.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "List of Premier League winning players", "paragraph_text": "Since the 2012 -- 13 season, a player needs to have played in a minimum of five matches for a title - winning team to qualify for a medal. This is down from the previous standard of ten matches played. At the discretion of the Premier League board, additional medals can be awarded to players who played less than five matches. This special dispensation is usually reserved for back - up goalkeepers and players who did not make the minimum number of appearances through injury. For the first season, players received a miniature version of the trophy rather than a medal.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "FC Barcelona", "paragraph_text": "After Laporta's departure from the club in June 2010, Sandro Rosell was soon elected as the new president. The elections were held on 13 June, where he got 61.35% (57,088 votes, a record) of total votes. Rosell signed David Villa from Valencia for €40 million and Javier Mascherano from Liverpool for €19 million. In November 2010, Barcelona defeated their main rival, Real Madrid 5–0 in El Clásico. In the 2010–11 season, Barcelona retained the La Liga trophy, their third title in succession, finishing with 96 points. In April 2011, the club reached the Copa del Rey final, losing 1–0 to Real Madrid at the Mestalla in Valencia. In May, Barcelona defeated Manchester United in the 2011 Champions League Final 3–1 held at Wembley Stadium, a repeat of the 2009 final, winning their fourth European Cup. In August 2011, La Masia graduate Cesc Fàbregas was bought from Arsenal and he would help Barcelona defend the Spanish Supercup against Real Madrid. The Supercup victory brought the total number of official trophies to 73, matching the number of titles won by Real Madrid.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "List of FA Community Shield matches", "paragraph_text": "Manchester United hold the record for the most victories, winning the competition 21 times since its inception. They also hold the distinction of having the most appearances (30) and most losses (9). Although the Shield has had its share of historical moments -- from Eric Cantona's first career hat - trick in 1992, to Manchester United's first loss of 1999 ending a streak of 33 consecutive games without a defeat -- it has been dismissed as a ceremonial friendly that is not on par with other domestic honours in terms of prestige. Winning the Shield has proven to be an unreliable indicator of success in the forthcoming season. Since the establishment of the Premier League in 1992, only seven clubs that won the Shield proceeded to become League champions in the same season, the last being Manchester United in 2010 -- 11. Indeed, Gianluca Vialli was sacked only weeks after guiding Chelsea to the victory in the 2000 match, following a lacklustre start to the season. The current holders are Arsenal, who defeated Chelsea in a penalty shootout after a 1 -- 1 draw in the 2017 edition.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Arsenal F.C.", "paragraph_text": "Arsenal's tally of 13 League Championships is the third highest in English football, after Manchester United (20) and Liverpool (18), and they were the first club to reach 8 League Championships. They hold the highest number of FA Cup trophies, 12. The club is one of only six clubs to have won the FA Cup twice in succession, in 2002 and 2003, and 2014 and 2015. Arsenal have achieved three League and FA Cup \"Doubles\" (in 1971, 1998 and 2002), a feat only previously achieved by Manchester United (in 1994, 1996 and 1999). They were the first side in English football to complete the FA Cup and League Cup double, in 1993. Arsenal were also the first London club to reach the final of the UEFA Champions League, in 2006, losing the final 2–1 to Barcelona.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "FA Cup", "paragraph_text": "Winners receive the FA Cup trophy, of which there have been two designs and five actual cups; the latest is a 2014 replica of the second design, introduced in 1911. Winners also qualify for European football and a place in the FA Community Shield match. Arsenal are the current holders, having beaten Aston Villa 4–0 in the 2015 final to win the cup for the second year in a row. It was their 12th FA Cup title overall, making Arsenal the FA Cup's most successful club ahead of Manchester United on 11.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Pekka Rinne", "paragraph_text": "Pekka Rinne (; born 3 November 1982) is a Finnish professional hockey goaltender for the Nashville Predators of the National Hockey League (NHL). Drafted by the Predators in the 2004 NHL Entry Draft, Rinne became their starting goaltender during the 2008–09 season and quickly established himself as one of the NHL's best goaltenders. He was a Vezina Trophy finalist as the NHL's top regular season goaltender in 2011, 2012 and 2015 before winning the award in 2018.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Everton F.C.", "paragraph_text": "Everton hold the record for the most seasons in England's top tier (Division One/Premier League), at 111 seasons out of 114 as of 2014–15 (the club played in Division 2 in 1930–31 and from 1951–54). They are one of seven teams to have played all 22 seasons of the Premier League since its inception in August 1992 – the others being Arsenal, Aston Villa, Chelsea, Liverpool, Manchester United, and Tottenham Hotspur. Everton against Aston Villa is the most played fixture in England's top flight, as of the 2012–13 season the two founder members of the Football League have played a record 196 league games.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "New England Patriots", "paragraph_text": "The Patriots have appeared in the Super Bowl ten times in franchise history, the most of any team, eight of them since the arrival of head coach Bill Belichick and quarterback Tom Brady in 2000. The Patriots have since become one of the most successful teams in NFL history, winning 15 AFC East titles in 17 seasons since 2001, without a losing season in that period. The franchise has since set numerous notable records, including most wins in a ten - year period (126, in 2003 -- 2012), an undefeated 16 - game regular season in 2007, the longest winning streak consisting of regular season and playoff games in NFL history (a 21 - game streak from October 2003 to October 2004), and the most consecutive division titles won by a team in NFL history (won nine straight division titles from 2009 to 2017). The team owns the record for most Super Bowls reached (eight) and won (five) by a head coach -- quarterback tandem. Currently, the team is tied with the 49ers and Cowboys for the second most Super Bowl wins with five, after the Steelers, who have six.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "FA Cup", "paragraph_text": "Winners receive the FA Cup trophy, of which there have been two designs and five actual cups; the latest is a 2014 replica of the second design, introduced in 1911. Winners also qualify for the Europa League and a place in the FA Community Shield match. Arsenal are the current holders, having beaten Chelsea 2 -- 1 in the 2017 final to win the cup for the 13th time in their history and become the tournament's most successful club. Arsenal's Arsène Wenger is the most successful manager in the competition with seven finals won.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Arsenal F.C.", "paragraph_text": "The club's success in the late 1990s and first decade of the 21st century owed a great deal to the 1996 appointment of Arsène Wenger as manager. Wenger brought new tactics, a new training regime and several foreign players who complemented the existing English talent. Arsenal won a second League and Cup double in 1997–98 and a third in 2001–02. In addition, the club reached the final of the 1999–2000 UEFA Cup (losing on penalties to Galatasaray), were victorious in the 2003 and 2005 FA Cups, and won the Premier League in 2003–04 without losing a single match, an achievement which earned the side the nickname \"The Invincibles\". The feat came within a run of 49 league matches unbeaten from 7 May 2003 to 24 October 2004, a national record.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Arsenal F.C.", "paragraph_text": "They hold the highest number of FA Cup trophies, with 13. The club is one of only six clubs to have won the FA Cup twice in succession, in 2002 and 2003, and 2014 and 2015. Arsenal have achieved three League and FA Cup ``Doubles ''(in 1971, 1998 and 2002), a feat only previously achieved by Manchester United (in 1994, 1996 and 1999). They were the first side in English football to complete the FA Cup and League Cup double, in 1993. Arsenal were also the first London club to reach the final of the UEFA Champions League, in 2006, losing the final 2 -- 1 to Barcelona.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Turkey national football B team", "paragraph_text": "The Turkey national football B team, also known as the Turkey A2 national football team is a reserve team for the Turkey national football team. It features players from the A2 Ligi. The team played their first match in 2002 at the 2003 Future Cup. They have played 23 matches, winning eleven, drawing eight, and losing four. The team is currently coached by Gökhan Keskin.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Arsenal F.C.", "paragraph_text": "Arsenal reached the final of the 2007 and 2011 League Cups, losing 2–1 to Chelsea and Birmingham City respectively. The club had not gained a major trophy since the 2005 FA Cup until 17 May 2014, when Arsenal beat Hull City in the 2014 FA Cup Final, coming back from a 2–0 deficit to win the match 3–2. This qualified them for the 2014 FA Community Shield where they would play Premier League champions Manchester City. They recorded a resounding 3–0 win in the game, winning their second trophy in three months. Nine months after their Community Shield triumph, Arsenal appeared in the FA Cup final for the second year in a row, thrashing Aston Villa 4–0 in the final and becoming the most successful club in the tournament's history with 12 titles. On 2 August 2015, Arsenal beat Chelsea 1–0 at Wembley Stadium to retain the Community Shield and earn their 14th Community Shield title.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Martin Ekani", "paragraph_text": "Martin Ekani (born April 21, 1984 in Aubervilliers, France) is a French footballer who played 4 matches in Ligue 1 for RC Lens in the 2003-2004 season and 13 matches in Ligue 2 for Angers SCO in the 2004-2005 season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Arsenal F.C.", "paragraph_text": "In 1985, Arsenal founded a community scheme, \"Arsenal in the Community\", which offered sporting, social inclusion, educational and charitable projects. The club support a number of charitable causes directly and in 1992 established The Arsenal Charitable Trust, which by 2006 had raised more than £2 million for local causes. An ex-professional and celebrity football team associated with the club also raised money by playing charity matches. The club launched the Arsenal for Everyone initiative in 2008 as an annual celebration of the diversity of the Arsenal family. In the 2009–10 season Arsenal announced that they had raised a record breaking £818,897 for the Great Ormond Street Hospital Children's Charity. The original target was £500,000.Save the Children has been Arsenal global charity partner since 2011 and have worked together in numerous projects to improve safety and well-being for vulnerable children in London and abroad. On 3 September 2016 The Arsenal Foundation has donated £1m to build football pitches for children in London, Indonesia, Iraq, Jordan and Somalia thanks to The Arsenal Foundation Legends Match against Milan Glorie at the Emirates Stadium. On 3 June 2018 Arsenal will play Real Madrid in the Corazon Classic Match 2018 at the Bernabeu, where the proceeds will go to Real Madrid Foundation projects that are aimed at the most vulnerable children. In addition there will be a return meeting on 8 September 2018 at the Emirates stadium where proceeds will go towards the Arsenal foundation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Indian cricket team in South Africa in 2017–18", "paragraph_text": "The India cricket team toured South Africa in January and February 2018 to play three Tests, six One Day Internationals (ODIs) and three Twenty20 International (T20I) matches. In January 2017, Cricket South Africa (CSA) revealed that this tour would replace the scheduled visit by Sri Lanka due to costs and scheduling congestion. The Test series was played for the Freedom Trophy, with South Africa winning the trophy following victories in the first two Tests. South Africa went on to win the Test series 2 -- 1. It was the first Test series of three matches or more in which all 40 wickets fell in each match of the series. With India's win the third Test, they retained the number one place in the ICC Test Championship, taking an unassailable lead before the April 2018 cut - off date for next season's rankings.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Tom Brady", "paragraph_text": "In his second season, Brady took over as the starting quarterback after Drew Bledsoe was injured. He led the Patriots to first place in the AFC East and a victory over the favored St. Louis Rams in Super Bowl XXXVI, winning his first Super Bowl MVP award. Despite the Patriots' missing the playoffs the following season, Brady would then lead them to back - to - back World Championships in 2003 and 2004, winning Super Bowl MVP honors again in 2003. Along the way, the Patriots won an NFL - record 21 consecutive games (including the playoffs) between the 2003 and 2004 seasons. The 2005 season was Brady's first to throw for 4,000 yards and lead the NFL in passing. That postseason, Brady would win his 10th consecutive playoff game, another NFL postseason record.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 18025, "question": "What trophy did Arsenal win in the 2003-2004 season without losing a match?", "answer": "Premier League", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 }, { "id": 12703, "question": "When was #1 established?", "answer": "1992", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Giovio Series", "paragraph_text": "The Giovio Series, also known as the Giovio Collection or Giovio Portraits, is a series of 484 portraits assembled by the 16th-century Italian Renaissance historian and biographer Paolo Giovio. It includes portraits of literary figures, rulers, statesmen and other dignitaries, many of which were done from life. Intended by Giovio as a public archive of famous men, the collection was originally housed in a specially-built museum on the shore of Lake Como. Although the original collection has not survived intact, a set of copies made for Cosimo I de' Medici now has a permanent home in Florence's Uffizi Gallery.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Uffizi", "paragraph_text": "The building of Uffizi complex was begun by Giorgio Vasari in 1560 for Cosimo I de' Medici so as to accommodate the offices of the Florentine magistrates, hence the name , \"offices\". The construction was later continued by Alfonso Parigi and Bernardo Buontalenti; it was completed in 1581. The top floor was made into a gallery for the family and their guests and included their collection of Roman sculptures.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici", "paragraph_text": "Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici (11 August 1667 – 18 February 1743) was the last lineal descent of the main branch of the House of Medici. A patron of the arts, she bequeathed the Medici's large art collection, including the contents of the Uffizi, Palazzo Pitti and the Medicean villas, which she inherited upon her brother Gian Gastone's death in 1737, and her Palatine treasures to the Tuscan state, on the condition that no part of it could be removed from \"the Capital of the grand ducal State...[and from] the succession of His Serene Grand Duke.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Jardin du Luxembourg", "paragraph_text": "The Jardin du Luxembourg, also known in English as the Luxembourg Gardens, is located in the 6th arrondissement of Paris, France. It was created beginning in 1612 by Marie de' Medici, the widow of King Henry IV of France, for a new residence she constructed, the Luxembourg Palace. The garden today is owned by the French Senate, which meets in the Palace. It covers 23 hectares and is known for its lawns, tree-lined promenades, flowerbeds, model sailboats on its circular basin, and picturesque Medici Fountain, built in 1620.. The name Luxembourg comes from the Latin Mons Lucotitius, the name of the hill where the garden is located.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Saint Roch Interceding with the Virgin for the Plague-Stricken", "paragraph_text": "Saint Roch Interceding with the Virgin for the Plague-Stricken is an early religious painting by the French artist Jacques-Louis David. He painted it in 1780 during his stay at the Villa Medici in Rome after winning first prize for painting in the Prix de Rome (before his \"Portrait of count Stanislas Potocki\") and exhibited it at the 1781 Paris Salon on his return to France. Its influences include Caravaggio, Poussin, Guercino and Lebrun. It shows Saint Roch interceding to the Virgin Mary and Christ Child for the plague sufferers shown around him.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Portrait of Pablo de Valladolid", "paragraph_text": "Portrait of Pablo de Valladolid is a portrait painted c. 1635 by Diego Velázquez of Pablo or \"Pablillos\" de Valladolid (1587–1648), a jester and actor at Philip IV's court from 1632 until his death. It is now in the Prado, to which it was moved in 1827.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Richard Madden", "paragraph_text": "Richard Madden (born 18 June 1986) is a Scottish actor. He is best known for his roles as Robb Stark in the HBO television series Game of Thrones, Prince Kit in the Disney romantic fantasy film Cinderella (2015), and Sergeant David Budd in the BBC thriller Bodyguard (2018 -- present). He has also played Cosimo de 'Medici in the drama series Medici: Masters of Florence (2016) and starred in the Netflix romantic comedy Ibiza (2018).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Giuliano de' Medici", "paragraph_text": "Giuliano de' Medici (25 March 1453 – 26 April 1478) was the second son of Piero de' Medici (the Gouty) and Lucrezia Tornabuoni. As co-ruler of Florence, with his brother Lorenzo the Magnificent, he complemented his brother's image as the \"patron of the arts\" with his own image as the handsome, sporting, \"golden boy.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Platonic Academy (Florence)", "paragraph_text": "The Neoplatonic Florentine Academy was founded after Gemistus Pletho reintroduced Plato's thoughts to Western Europe during the 1438 -- 39 Council of Florence. It was sponsored by Cosimo de 'Medici, led by Marsilio Ficino and supported by Medici until death of Lorenzo Medici. It was never a formal group but the members considered themselves a modern form of Plato's Academy. Important members were Poliziano, Cristoforo Landino, Pico della Mirandola, and Gentile de' Becchi. The academy would proceed to translate into Latin all of Plato's works, the Enneads of Plotinus, and various other Neoplatonic works.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "IKEA effect", "paragraph_text": "The IKEA effect is a cognitive bias in which consumers place a disproportionately high value on products they partially created. The name derives from the name of Swedish manufacturer and furniture retailer IKEA, which sells many furniture products that require assembly.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Cass, West Virginia", "paragraph_text": "Cass is a census-designated place (CDP) on the Greenbrier River in Pocahontas County, West Virginia, USA. As of the 2010 census, its population was 52. The town, founded in 1901, was named for Joseph Kerr Cass, vice president and cofounder of the West Virginia Pulp and Paper Company.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Valencia", "paragraph_text": "In 1409, a hospital was founded and placed under the patronage of Santa María de los Inocentes; to this was attached a confraternity devoted to recovering the bodies of the unfriended dead in the city and within a radius of three miles (4.8 km) around it. At the end of the 15th century this confraternity separated from the hospital, and continued its work under the name of \"Cofradia para el ámparo de los desamparados\". King Philip IV of Spain and the Duke of Arcos suggested the building of the new chapel, and in 1647 the Viceroy, Conde de Oropesa, who had been preserved from the bubonic plague, insisted on carrying out their project. The Blessed Virgin was proclaimed patroness of the city under the title of Virgen de los desamparados (Virgin of the Forsaken), and Archbishop Pedro de Urbina, on 31 June 1652, laid the cornerstone of the new chapel of this name. The archiepiscopal palace, a grain market in the time of the Moors, is simple in design, with an inside cloister and a handsome chapel. In 1357, the arch that connects it with the cathedral was built. In the council chamber are preserved the portraits of all the prelates of Valencia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Portrait of Bia de' Medici", "paragraph_text": "The Portrait of Bia de' Medici is an oil-tempera on wood painting by Agnolo Bronzino, dating to around 1542 and now in the Uffizi in Florence. For a long time it was displayed in the Tribuna at the heart of the museum, but since 2012 it has been moved to the 'sale rosse' of the Nuovi Uffizi. A second portrait, by Pontormo, has also been argued to show Bia de' Medici, but this identification is disputed.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Appalachian Mountains", "paragraph_text": "While exploring inland along the northern coast of Florida in 1528, the members of the Narváez expedition, including Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, found a Native American village near present-day Tallahassee, Florida whose name they transcribed as Apalchen or Apalachen [a.paˈla.tʃɛn]. The name was soon altered by the Spanish to Apalachee and used as a name for the tribe and region spreading well inland to the north. Pánfilo de Narváez's expedition first entered Apalachee territory on June 15, 1528, and applied the name. Now spelled \"Appalachian,\" it is the fourth-oldest surviving European place-name in the US.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Catherine de' Medici", "paragraph_text": "Catherine de' Medici (Italian: \"Caterina de Medici\", ; French: \"Catherine de Médicis\", ; 13 April 1519 – 5 January 1589), daughter of Lorenzo II de' Medici and Madeleine de La Tour d'Auvergne, was an Italian noblewoman who was queen of France from 1547 until 1559, by marriage to King Henry II. As the mother of kings Francis II, Charles IX and Henry III, she had extensive, if at times varying, influence in the political life of France. From 1560 to 1563, she ruled France as regent for her son Charles IX, King of France.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Pope Leo X", "paragraph_text": "Pope Leo X (11 December 1475 – 1 December 1521), born Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici, was Pope from 9 March 1513 to his death in 1521.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Victoria of France", "paragraph_text": "Victoria of France (; 24 June 1556 – 17 August 1556) and her twin sister Joan were the last children born to King Henry II of France and his wife, Catherine de' Medici.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Carlo de' Medici", "paragraph_text": "Carlo di Cosimo de' Medici (1428 or 1430 – May 29, 1492) was an Italian priest. A member of the powerful Medici family, he became a senior clergyman and collector.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Nannina de' Medici", "paragraph_text": "Nannina de' Medici (14 February 1448 – 14 May 1493), born Lucrezia de' Medici, was the second daughter of Piero di Cosimo de' Medici and Lucrezia Tornabuoni. She was thus the elder sister of Lorenzo de' Medici. She married Bernardo Rucellai. Her father's name was Piero, so she is sometimes known as Lucrezia di Piero de' Medici.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Republic of Florence", "paragraph_text": "The republic had a checkered history of coups and counter-coups against various factions. The Medici faction gained governance of the city in 1434, upon Cosimo de 'Medici's counter-coup against the faction that had sent him into exile the previous year. The Medici kept control of Florence until 1494. Giovanni de' Medici (later Pope Leo X) re-conquered the republic in 1512.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 96774, "question": "What is the name of the place where Portrait of Bia de' Medici can be found?", "answer": "Uffizi", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 }, { "id": 94210, "question": "Who was #1 designed by?", "answer": "Giorgio Vasari", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 } ]

[ "Buontalenti", "Alfonso Parigi", "Vasari", "vasari", "Bernardo Buontalenti" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Johann Otto von Gemmingen", "paragraph_text": "Johann Otto von Gemmingen (23 October 1545 – 6 October 1598) was the Bishop of Augsburg from 1591 to 1598.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Acoma Massacre", "paragraph_text": "The Acoma Massacre was fought in January 1599 between Spanish conquistadors and Acoma Native Americans in what is now New Mexico. After twelve soldiers were killed at Acoma Pueblo in 1598, the Spanish retaliated by launching a punitive expedition, which led to the deaths of around 800 men, women and children during a three - day battle. Several hundred survivors were also enslaved or otherwise severely punished.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Pueblo Revolt", "paragraph_text": "In 1598 Juan de Oñate led 129 soldiers and 10 Franciscan Catholic priests plus a large number of women, children, servants, slaves, and livestock into the Rio Grande valley of New Mexico. There were at the time approximately 40,000 Pueblo Indians inhabiting the region. Oñate put down a revolt at Acoma Pueblo by killing and enslaving hundreds of the Indians and sentencing all men 25 or older to have their foot cut off. The Acoma Massacre would instill fear of the Spanish in the region for years to come, though Franciscan missionaries were assigned to several of the Pueblo towns to Christianize the natives.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Pretty Little Liars", "paragraph_text": "Janel Parrish portrays Mona Vanderwaal, the original and first ``A ''. She is the person who stalked Alison before her disappearance, and did this as revenge for Alison crowning her`` Rosewood's biggest loser''. After Alison disappeared she became best friends with Hanna Marin and they transformed themselves into the most popular girls at school, taking Alison's place. In the season two finale she is exposed as ``A ''and sent to Radley Sanitarium, where she is visited by CeCe Drake (Charlotte), who takes Mona's place in the`` A'' game. In Season 3, she continues working as ``A ''and by the end of the season is kicked off the`` A'' team and becomes a victim of ``A ''along with the other girls. In Season 4 she helps the girls out with their investigations of the new`` A''. In season 5 she creates an army so as not to be intimidated by Alison's return. Later in the season, she fakes her own death to ferret out ``A ''but is kidnapped by`` A'' and imprisoned in ``A '''s dollhouse. After the time jump, Mona is working for Veronica Hastings' rival for State Senator, and is revealed to be Charlotte Drake's killer.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "North American Monsoon", "paragraph_text": "The North American monsoon, variously known as the Southwest monsoon, the Mexican monsoon, the New Mexican monsoon, or the Arizona monsoon, is a pattern of pronounced increase in thunderstorms and rainfall over large areas of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, typically occurring between July and mid September. During the monsoon, thunderstorms are fueled by daytime heating and build up during the late afternoon - early evening. Typically, these storms dissipate by late night, and the next day starts out fair, with the cycle repeating daily. The monsoon typically loses its energy by mid-September when drier and cooler conditions are reestablished over the region. Geographically, the North American monsoon precipitation region is centered over the Sierra Madre Occidental in the Mexican states of Sinaloa, Durango, Sonora and Chihuahua.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Kofi Annan", "paragraph_text": "On 23 February 2012, Annan was appointed as the UN-Arab League envoy to Syria, in an attempt to end the civil war taking place. He developed a six-point plan for peace:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Territory Wildlife Park", "paragraph_text": "The Territory Wildlife Park is a zoo at Berry Springs in the Northern Territory of Australia, some (about a 45 minutes drive) south of Darwin. It opened in 1989. Situated on 400 ha of natural bushland, it contains native animals and plants representative of Northern Territory, and especially Top End tropical monsoonal, environments. It contributes to their conservation through research programs as well as through public education. The three main habitats represented are woodland, wetland and monsoon vine forest.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Climate of India", "paragraph_text": "Post-monsoon or autumn season, lasting from October to November. In the northwest of India, October and November are usually cloudless. Tamil Nadu receives most of its annual precipitation in the northeast monsoon season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Pueblo, San Juan, Puerto Rico", "paragraph_text": "Río Piedras Pueblo, (officially just \"Pueblo\"), is one of 18 barrios in the municipality of San Juan, Puerto Rico. It is made up of 6 subbarrios: Buen Consejo, Capetillo, Monte Rey, Río Piedras Antiguo, Ubarri, and Venezuela. Rio Piedras Pueblo is what used to be the urban center barrio of the former municipality of Río Piedras until 1951, when the municipality of Rio Piedras was absorbed by the municipality of San Juan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Nepal", "paragraph_text": "Nepal experiences five seasons: summer, monsoon, autumn, winter and spring. The Himalaya blocks cold winds from Central Asia in the winter and forms the northern limit of the monsoon wind patterns. In a land once thickly forested, deforestation is a major problem in all regions, with resulting erosion and degradation of ecosystems.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Ninety-Three", "paragraph_text": "Ninety-Three (\"Quatrevingt-treize\") is the last novel by the French writer Victor Hugo. Published in 1874, shortly after the bloody upheaval of the Paris Commune, the novel concerns the Revolt in the Vendée and Chouannerie – the counter-revolutionary revolts in 1793 during the French Revolution. It is divided into three parts, but not chronologically; each part tells a different story, offering a different view of historical general events. The action mainly takes place in Brittany and in Paris.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Darth Maul", "paragraph_text": "Darth Maul appears in the fourth and fifth seasons of the animated series Star Wars: The Clone Wars, which takes place between Attack of the Clones and Revenge of the Sith.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Cherrapunji", "paragraph_text": "Sohra or Cherrapunji has a mild subtropical highland climate (Köppen Cwb), with monsoonal influences typical of India. The city's annual rainfall average stands at 11,777 millimetres (463.7 in). This figure places it behind only nearby Mawsynram, Meghalaya, whose average is 11,873 millimetres (467.4 in). Cherrapunji receives both the southwest and northeast monsoonal winds, giving it a single monsoon season. It lies on the windward side of the Khasi Hills, so the resulting orographic lift enhances precipitation. In the winter months it receives the northeast monsoon showers that travel down the Brahmaputra valley. The driest months are November, December, January and February.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Tucson, Arizona", "paragraph_text": "Tucson is commonly known as \"The Old Pueblo\". While the exact origin of this nickname is uncertain, it is commonly traced back to Mayor R. N. \"Bob\" Leatherwood. When rail service was established to the city on March 20, 1880, Leatherwood celebrated the fact by sending telegrams to various leaders, including the President of the United States and the Pope, announcing that the \"ancient and honorable pueblo\" of Tucson was now connected by rail to the outside world. The term became popular with newspaper writers who often abbreviated it as \"A. and H. Pueblo\". This in turn transformed into the current form of \"The Old Pueblo\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "The Omen Machine", "paragraph_text": "The Omen Machine is Terry Goodkind's 12th novel, and the first in a new series about Richard and Kahlan. Events in the book take place directly after the end of \"Confessor\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Southeast Asia", "paragraph_text": "The climate in Southeast Asia is mainly tropical–hot and humid all year round with plentiful rainfall. Northern Vietnam and the Myanmar Himalayas are the only regions in Southeast Asia that feature a subtropical climate, which has a cold winter with snow. The majority of Southeast Asia has a wet and dry season caused by seasonal shift in winds or monsoon. The tropical rain belt causes additional rainfall during the monsoon season. The rain forest is the second largest on earth (with the Amazon being the largest). An exception to this type of climate and vegetation is the mountain areas in the northern region, where high altitudes lead to milder temperatures and drier landscape. Other parts fall out of this climate because they are desert like.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "2018–19 NHL season", "paragraph_text": "The regular season will begin in October 2018, and will end in April 2019. Each team will receive a five - day ``bye week '', all of which will take place in mid-January. The regular season schedule will be released in June.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Arrow to the Sun", "paragraph_text": "Arrow to the Sun is a 1973 short film and a 1974 book, both by Gerald McDermott. The book was printed in gouache and ink, and won the 1975 Caldecott Medal for illustration. Both media are a retelling of a Pueblo tale, specifically an Acoma Pueblo tale, in which a mysterious boy seeks his father.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "RuPaul's Drag Race (season 5)", "paragraph_text": "The winner of the fifth season of RuPaul's Drag Race was Jinkx Monsoon, with Alaska and Roxxxy Andrews being the runners - up.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Climate of India", "paragraph_text": "The Climate of India comprises a wide range of weather conditions across a vast geographic scale and varied topography, making generalisations difficult. Based on the Köppen system, India hosts six major climatic subtypes, ranging from arid desert in the west, alpine tundra and glaciers in the north, and humid tropical regions supporting rainforests in the southwest and the island territories. Many regions have starkly different microclimates. The country's meteorological department follows the international standard of four climatological seasons with some local adjustments: winter (December, January and February), summer (March, April and May), a monsoon rainy season (June to September), and a post-monsoon period (October to November).", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 60971, "question": "where did the acoma pueblo revolt of 1598 take place", "answer": "in what is now New Mexico", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 }, { "id": 68900, "question": "when does monsoon season end in #1", "answer": "mid-September", "paragraph_support_idx": 4 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Late Middle Ages", "paragraph_text": "The main representatives of the new style, often referred to as ars nova as opposed to the ars antiqua, were the composers Philippe de Vitry and Guillaume de Machaut. In Italy, where the Provençal troubadours had also found refuge, the corresponding period goes under the name of trecento, and the leading composers were Giovanni da Cascia, Jacopo da Bologna and Francesco Landini. Prominent reformer of Orthodox Church music from the first half of 14th century was John Kukuzelis; he also introduced a system of notation widely used in the Balkans in the following centuries.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Cova da Piedade", "paragraph_text": "Cova da Piedade is a former civil parish in the municipality of Almada, Lisbon metropolitan area, Portugal. In 2013, the parish merged into the new parish Almada, Cova da Piedade, Pragal e Cacilhas. The population in 2011 was 19,904, in an area of 1.42 km². The parish was founded on February 7, 1928.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Tai Jia", "paragraph_text": "Tai Jia () or Da Jia, personal name Zhi (), was the son of Prince Da Ding (son of King Tang) and a king of the ancient Chinese Shang dynasty.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Braccio da Montone", "paragraph_text": "In the next August Ladislaus died, and Braccio freed Bologna after receiving a payment of 180,000 gold ducats. He thus invaded and conquered most of Umbria, his goal being again the beloved Perugia. The city gave itself to Carlo Malatesta. At the battle of Sant'Egidio (12 July 1416, later portrayed in a famous fresco by Paolo Uccello), the \"bracceschi\" were victorious, and Perugia was finally forced to open its gates to Braccio da Montone. Other Umbrian cities, such as Todi, Narni, Orvieto and Terni named him as lord: at this point, Braccio da Montone was ready to form a state for himself in central Italy. He asked the newly elected Pope Martin V to name him Papal vicar for Umbria, but Martin replied by sending against him two armies under Guidantonio da Montefeltro, from the north, and under Sforza, from the South, but Montone defeated them at Spoleto. On 14 March 1419 he met the Pope in Florence, obtaining the long-awaited title (including the lordships of Perugia, Todi, Assisi, Spello, Jesi and others) in exchange for ousting Antongaleazzo Bentivoglio from Bologna. After conquering the latter, he could finally retreat in Perugia to enjoy ruling the city which had ousted him and his family many years ago.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Portrait of Guidobaldo da Montefeltro", "paragraph_text": "The Portrait of Guidobaldo da Montefeltro is a picture by the Italian Renaissance artist Raphael, dating from around 1506 and housed in the Uffizi Gallery, Florence. It portrays Guidobaldo da Montefeltro, duke of Urbino.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Leonardo Glacier", "paragraph_text": "Leonardo Glacier is a glacier flowing into Wilhelmina Bay between Sadler Point and Café Point, on the west coast of Graham Land, Antarctica. It was charted by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition under Gerlache, 1897–99, and was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1960 for Leonardo da Vinci, artist, musician, architect and the first aeronautical scientist.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Morgan dollar", "paragraph_text": "The Morgan dollar was a United States dollar coin minted from 1878 to 1904, and again in 1921. It was the first standard silver dollar minted since production of the previous design, the Seated Liberty dollar, ceased due to the passage of the Coinage Act of 1873, which also ended the free coining of silver. The coin is named after its designer, United States Mint Assistant Engraver George T. Morgan. The obverse depicts a profile portrait representing Liberty, while the reverse depicts an eagle with wings outstretched.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Dynamic Tower", "paragraph_text": "The Dynamic Tower (also known as Dynamic Architecture Building or the Da Vinci Tower) is a proposed , 80-floor moving skyscraper, designed by architect David Fisher.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Vittoria Colonna", "paragraph_text": "Colonna was born at Marino in 1490, a fief of the Colonna family in the Alban Hills near Rome. She was the daughter of Fabrizio Colonna, grand constable of the kingdom of Naples, and of Agnese da Montefeltro, daughter of the Duke of Urbino. She was engaged in 1495 at the age of 3 years old to \"Ferrante\" Fernando Francesco d'Ávalos, son of the marquese di Pescara, at the insistence of Ferdinand, King of Naples.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Santuario della Beata Vergine della Consolazione", "paragraph_text": "Santuario della Beata Vergine della Consolazione is a church in San Marino. It belongs to the Roman Catholic Diocese of San Marino-Montefeltro. It was built in 1964 and consecrated in 1967.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Quentin, Pennsylvania", "paragraph_text": "Quentin is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lebanon County, Pennsylvania, United States that was named after Quentin Roosevelt. The population was 529 at the 2000 census.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Portrait of a Commander", "paragraph_text": "Portrait of a Commander or A Commander Being Dressed for Battle is a portrait of an unknown man in plate armour, normally attributed to Peter Paul Rubens. In July 2010 it was sold for £9 million by Christie's after Sotheby's turned it down, suspecting its authenticity as a Rubens. In December 2011, the portrait was placed on loan with the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Cass, West Virginia", "paragraph_text": "Cass is a census-designated place (CDP) on the Greenbrier River in Pocahontas County, West Virginia, USA. As of the 2010 census, its population was 52. The town, founded in 1901, was named for Joseph Kerr Cass, vice president and cofounder of the West Virginia Pulp and Paper Company.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Horst Krüger", "paragraph_text": "Horst Krüger (September 17, 1919 Magdeburg – October 21, 1999 Frankfurt am Main) was a German novelist. His autobiographical debut novel, \"A Crack in the Wall: Growing Up Under Hitler\" (original title \"Das Zerbrochene Haus. Eine Jugend in Deutschland\" or \"The Broken House: A Youth in Germany\") is regarded as an exemplary portrait of youth in Germany in the time of the Third Reich, and received international acclaim. His travel literature on various parts of the world has found a wide audience.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Ana da Silva", "paragraph_text": "Ana da Silva is a founding member of The Raincoats. In February 2005, she released a solo album \"The Lighthouse\" on Chicks on Speed Records.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Rodovia Doutor Roberto Moreira", "paragraph_text": "Rodovia Doutor Roberto Moreira (official designation PLN-010, also known as Estrada da Rhodia) is a highway in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Uffizi", "paragraph_text": "The building of Uffizi complex was begun by Giorgio Vasari in 1560 for Cosimo I de' Medici so as to accommodate the offices of the Florentine magistrates, hence the name , \"offices\". The construction was later continued by Alfonso Parigi and Bernardo Buontalenti; it was completed in 1581. The top floor was made into a gallery for the family and their guests and included their collection of Roman sculptures.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Robert Edge Pine", "paragraph_text": "Robert Edge Pine (1730, London – November 18, 1788, Philadelphia) was an English portrait and historical painter, born in London. He was the son of John Pine, the engraver and designer.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Portrait of a Musician", "paragraph_text": "Portrait of a Musician is an oil on wood painting by Leonardo da Vinci. It was probably painted in 1485.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Portrait of Emilia Pia da Montefeltro", "paragraph_text": "The Portrait of Emilia Pia da Montefeltro is a picture from around 1504–1505, attributed to the Italian Renaissance artist Raphael and housed by the Baltimore Museum of Art, United States", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 96783, "question": "What is the name of the place where Portrait of Guidobaldo da Montefeltro can be found?", "answer": "Uffizi", "paragraph_support_idx": 4 }, { "id": 94210, "question": "Who was #1 designed by?", "answer": "Giorgio Vasari", "paragraph_support_idx": 16 } ]

[ "Buontalenti", "Alfonso Parigi", "Vasari", "vasari", "Bernardo Buontalenti" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "The set of graphic and format characters defined by Unicode does not correspond directly to the repertoire of abstract characters that is representable under Unicode. Unicode encodes characters by associating an abstract character with a particular code point. However, not all abstract characters are encoded as a single Unicode character, and some abstract characters may be represented in Unicode by a sequence of two or more characters. For example, a Latin small letter \"i\" with an ogonek, a dot above, and an acute accent, which is required in Lithuanian, is represented by the character sequence U+012F, U+0307, U+0301. Unicode maintains a list of uniquely named character sequences for abstract characters that are not directly encoded in Unicode.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Hokkien", "paragraph_text": "All Latin characters required by Pe̍h-ōe-jī can be represented using Unicode (or the corresponding ISO/IEC 10646: Universal Character Set), using precomposed or combining (diacritics) characters. Prior to June 2004, the vowel akin to but more open than o, written with a dot above right, was not encoded. The usual workaround was to use the (stand-alone; spacing) character Interpunct (U+00B7, ·) or less commonly the combining character dot above (U+0307). As these are far from ideal, since 1997 proposals have been submitted to the ISO/IEC working group in charge of ISO/IEC 10646—namely, ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2—to encode a new combining character dot above right. This is now officially assigned to U+0358 (see documents N1593, N2507, N2628, N2699, and N2713). Font support is expected to follow.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Chinese characters", "paragraph_text": "Chinese characters number in the tens of thousands, though most of them are minor graphic variants encountered only in historical texts. Studies in China have shown that functional literacy in written Chinese requires a knowledge of between three and four thousand characters. In Japan, 2,136 are taught through secondary school (the Jōyō kanji); hundreds more are in everyday use. Due to post-WWII simplifications of Kanji in Japan as well as the post-WWII simplifications of characters in China, the Chinese characters used in Japan today are distinct from those used in China in several respects. There are various national standard lists of characters, forms, and pronunciations. Simplified forms of certain characters are used in mainland China, Singapore, and Malaysia; the corresponding traditional characters are used in Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau, and to a limited extent in South Korea.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Somali Latin alphabet", "paragraph_text": "The Somali Latin alphabet is an official writing script in the Federal Republic of Somalia and its constituent Federal Member States. It was developed by the Somali linguist Shire Jama Ahmed specifically for transcribing the Somali language, and is based on the Latin script. The Somali Latin alphabet uses all letters of the English Latin alphabet except \"p\", \"v\" and \"z\". There are no diacritics or other special characters, although it includes three consonant digraphs: DH, KH and SH. Tone is not marked and a word-initial glottal stop is also not shown. Capital letters are used for names and at the beginning of a sentence.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Chinese characters", "paragraph_text": "In addition, there are a number of dialect characters (方言字) that are not used in formal written Chinese but represent colloquial terms in non-Mandarin varieties of Chinese. One such variety is Written Cantonese, in widespread use in Hong Kong even for certain formal documents, due to the former British colonial administration's recognition of Cantonese for use for official purposes. In Taiwan, there is also an informal body of characters used to represent Hokkien Chinese. Many varieties have specific characters for words exclusive to them. For example, the vernacular character 㓾, pronounced cii11 in Hakka, means \"to kill\". Furthermore, Shanghainese and Sichuanese also have their own series of written text, but these are not widely used in actual texts, Mandarin being the preference for all mainland regions.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Sylvester", "paragraph_text": "Sylvester is a name derived from the Latin adjective silvestris meaning ``wooded ''or`` wild'', which derives from the noun silva meaning ``woodland ''. Classical Latin spells this with i. In Classical Latin y represented a separate sound distinct from i, not a native Latin sound but one used in transcriptions of foreign words. After the Classical period y came to be pronounced as i. Spellings with Sylv - in place of Silv - date from after the Classical period.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "AUTOSAR", "paragraph_text": "To support dynamic deployment of customer applications and to provide an environment for applications that require high-end computing power AUTOSAR is currently standardizing the AUTOSAR Adaptive Platform. Its core is an operating system based on the POSIX standard. The operating system can be used from the application via a subset of the POSIX according to IEEE1003.13 (namely PSE51). One of the key features of the Adaptive Platform is service-oriented communication.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Windows 8", "paragraph_text": "Retail distribution of Windows 8 has since been discontinued in favor of Windows 8.1. Unlike 8, 8.1 is available as \"full version software\" at both retail and online for download that does not require a previous version of Windows in order to be installed. Pricing for these new copies remain identical. With the retail release returning to full version software for Windows 8.1, the \"Personal Use License\" exemption was removed from the OEM SKU, meaning that end users building their own PCs for personal use must use the full retail version in order to satisfy the Windows 8.1 licensing requirements. Windows 8.1 with Bing is a special OEM-specific SKU of Windows 8.1 subsidized by Microsoft's Bing search engine.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Hokkien", "paragraph_text": "Hokkien, especially Taiwanese, is sometimes written in the Latin script using one of several alphabets. Of these the most popular is Pe̍h-ōe-jī (traditional Chinese: 白話字; simplified Chinese: 白话字; pinyin: Báihuàzì). POJ was developed first by Presbyterian missionaries in China and later by the indigenous Presbyterian Church in Taiwan; use of this alphabet has been actively promoted since the late 19th century. The use of a mixed script of Han characters and Latin letters is also seen, though remains uncommon. Other Latin-based alphabets also exist.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "IPod", "paragraph_text": "All iPods except for the iPod Touch can function in \"disk mode\" as mass storage devices to store data files but this may not be the default behavior, and in the case of the iPod Touch, requires special software.[citation needed] If an iPod is formatted on a Mac OS computer, it uses the HFS+ file system format, which allows it to serve as a boot disk for a Mac computer. If it is formatted on Windows, the FAT32 format is used. With the release of the Windows-compatible iPod, the default file system used on the iPod line switched from HFS+ to FAT32, although it can be reformatted to either file system (excluding the iPod Shuffle which is strictly FAT32). Generally, if a new iPod (excluding the iPod Shuffle) is initially plugged into a computer running Windows, it will be formatted with FAT32, and if initially plugged into a Mac running Mac OS it will be formatted with HFS+.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Windows 8", "paragraph_text": "Unlike previous versions of Windows, Windows 8 was distributed at retail in \"Upgrade\" licenses only, which require an existing version of Windows to install. The \"full version software\" SKU, which was more expensive but could be installed on computers without an eligible OS or none at all, was discontinued. In lieu of full version, a specialized \"System Builder\" SKU was introduced. The \"System Builder\" SKU replaced the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) SKU, which was only allowed to be used on PCs meant for resale, but added a \"Personal Use License\" exemption that officially allowed its purchase and personal use by users on homebuilt computers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Noetherian topological space", "paragraph_text": "In mathematics, a Noetherian topological space, named for Emmy Noether, is a topological space in which closed subsets satisfy the descending chain condition. Equivalently, we could say that the open subsets satisfy the ascending chain condition, since they are the complements of the closed subsets. It can also be shown to be equivalent that every open subset of such a space is compact, and in fact the seemingly stronger statement that \"every\" subset is compact.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "Several subsets of Unicode are standardized: Microsoft Windows since Windows NT 4.0 supports WGL-4 with 652 characters, which is considered to support all contemporary European languages using the Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic script. Other standardized subsets of Unicode include the Multilingual European Subsets: MES-1 (Latin scripts only, 335 characters), MES-2 (Latin, Greek and Cyrillic 1062 characters) and MES-3A & MES-3B (two larger subsets, not shown here). Note that MES-2 includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Nestor Burma", "paragraph_text": "Nestor Burma is a fictional character created by French crime novelist Léo Malet. In the series of crime novels featuring him one can isolate a subset of novels each set in a different quarter (arrondissement) of Paris which Malet dubbed the \"New Mysteries of Paris\", alluding to Eugene Sue's \"The Mysteries of Paris\" (1842–43). Burma is a hardboiled private detective, in the mold of American characters such as Sam Spade and Philip Marlowe but decidedly more humorous. He works with a secretary, Hélène, who is hopelessly infatuated with Nestor, in what he calls the \"Fiat Lux Agency\". Burma's nemeses are typically just as much the police investigating the crime as they are the original perpetrators. Specifically, he often matches wits with Commissaire Faroux and Inspector Fabre.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Chai Lai", "paragraph_text": "Director Poj Arnon acknowledged he was asked by Sahamongkol Film International to copy the style of \"Charlie's Angels\", but that budgetary differences – 35 million baht compared to the US$92 million budget for the \"Charlie's Angels films\" – and Thai styles of fighting (muay Thai) make \"Chai Lai\" different.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "Unicode has become the dominant scheme for internal processing and storage of text. Although a great deal of text is still stored in legacy encodings, Unicode is used almost exclusively for building new information processing systems. Early adopters tended to use UCS-2 (the fixed-width two-byte precursor to UTF-16) and later moved to UTF-16 (the variable-width current standard), as this was the least disruptive way to add support for non-BMP characters. The best known such system is Windows NT (and its descendants, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Vista and Windows 7), which uses UTF-16 as the sole internal character encoding. The Java and .NET bytecode environments, Mac OS X, and KDE also use it for internal representation. Unicode is available on Windows 95 through Microsoft Layer for Unicode, as well as on its descendants, Windows 98 and Windows ME.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Old English", "paragraph_text": "The Latin alphabet of the time still lacked the letters ⟨j⟩ and ⟨w⟩, and there was no ⟨v⟩ as distinct from ⟨u⟩; moreover native Old English spellings did not use ⟨k⟩, ⟨q⟩ or ⟨z⟩. The remaining 20 Latin letters were supplemented by four more: ⟨æ⟩ (æsc, modern ash) and ⟨ð⟩ (ðæt, now called eth or edh), which were modified Latin letters, and thorn ⟨þ⟩ and wynn ⟨ƿ⟩, which are borrowings from the futhorc. A few letter pairs were used as digraphs, representing a single sound. Also used was the Tironian note ⟨⁊⟩ (a character similar to the digit 7) for the conjunction and, and a thorn with a crossbar through the ascender for the pronoun þæt. Macrons over vowels were originally used not to mark long vowels (as in modern editions), but to indicate stress, or as abbreviations for a following m or n.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "Unicode defines two mapping methods: the Unicode Transformation Format (UTF) encodings, and the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) encodings. An encoding maps (possibly a subset of) the range of Unicode code points to sequences of values in some fixed-size range, termed code values. The numbers in the names of the encodings indicate the number of bits per code value (for UTF encodings) or the number of bytes per code value (for UCS encodings). UTF-8 and UTF-16 are probably the most commonly used encodings. UCS-2 is an obsolete subset of UTF-16; UCS-4 and UTF-32 are functionally equivalent.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Norman Cob", "paragraph_text": "The Norman Cob or Cob Normand is a breed of light draught horse that originated in the region of Normandy in northern France. It is of medium size, with a range of heights and weights, due to selective breeding for a wide range of uses. Its conformation is similar to a robust Thoroughbred, and it more closely resembles a Thoroughbred cross than other French draught breeds. The breed is known for its lively, long-striding trot. Common colours include chestnut, bay and seal brown. There are three general subsets within the breed: horses used under saddle, those used in harness, and those destined for meat production. It is popular for recreational and competitive driving, representing France internationally in the latter, and is also used for several riding disciplines.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Slavs", "paragraph_text": "Slavic standard languages which are official in at least one country: Belarusian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Macedonian, Montenegrin, Polish, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, and Ukrainian. The alphabet depends on what religion is usual for the respective Slavic ethnic groups. The Orthodox use the Cyrillic alphabet and the Roman Catholics use Latin alphabet, the Bosniaks who are Muslims also use the Latin. Few Greek Roman and Roman Catholics use the Cyrillic alphabet however. The Serbian language and Montenegrin language uses both Cyrillic and Latin alphabets. There is also a Latin script to write in Belarusian, called the Lacinka alphabet.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 19013, "question": "All LAtin characters required by POJ can be represented by what?", "answer": "Unicode", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 }, { "id": 25981, "question": "What subset of #1 is used by Windows?", "answer": "WGL-4 with 652 characters", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Celestia", "paragraph_text": "Celestia is available for AmigaOS 4, Linux, macOS, and Microsoft Windows. Celestia is free and open source software released under the GNU General Public License.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Hokkien", "paragraph_text": "All Latin characters required by Pe̍h-ōe-jī can be represented using Unicode (or the corresponding ISO/IEC 10646: Universal Character Set), using precomposed or combining (diacritics) characters. Prior to June 2004, the vowel akin to but more open than o, written with a dot above right, was not encoded. The usual workaround was to use the (stand-alone; spacing) character Interpunct (U+00B7, ·) or less commonly the combining character dot above (U+0307). As these are far from ideal, since 1997 proposals have been submitted to the ISO/IEC working group in charge of ISO/IEC 10646—namely, ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2—to encode a new combining character dot above right. This is now officially assigned to U+0358 (see documents N1593, N2507, N2628, N2699, and N2713). Font support is expected to follow.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Sanskrit", "paragraph_text": "Since the late 18th century, Sanskrit has been transliterated using the Latin alphabet. The system most commonly used today is the IAST (International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration), which has been the academic standard since 1888. ASCII-based transliteration schemes have also evolved because of difficulties representing Sanskrit characters in computer systems. These include Harvard-Kyoto and ITRANS, a transliteration scheme that is used widely on the Internet, especially in Usenet and in email, for considerations of speed of entry as well as rendering issues. With the wide availability of Unicode-aware web browsers, IAST has become common online. It is also possible to type using an alphanumeric keyboard and transliterate to Devanagari using software like Mac OS X's international support.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Windows 8", "paragraph_text": "Retail distribution of Windows 8 has since been discontinued in favor of Windows 8.1. Unlike 8, 8.1 is available as \"full version software\" at both retail and online for download that does not require a previous version of Windows in order to be installed. Pricing for these new copies remain identical. With the retail release returning to full version software for Windows 8.1, the \"Personal Use License\" exemption was removed from the OEM SKU, meaning that end users building their own PCs for personal use must use the full retail version in order to satisfy the Windows 8.1 licensing requirements. Windows 8.1 with Bing is a special OEM-specific SKU of Windows 8.1 subsidized by Microsoft's Bing search engine.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "Unicode has become the dominant scheme for internal processing and storage of text. Although a great deal of text is still stored in legacy encodings, Unicode is used almost exclusively for building new information processing systems. Early adopters tended to use UCS-2 (the fixed-width two-byte precursor to UTF-16) and later moved to UTF-16 (the variable-width current standard), as this was the least disruptive way to add support for non-BMP characters. The best known such system is Windows NT (and its descendants, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Vista and Windows 7), which uses UTF-16 as the sole internal character encoding. The Java and .NET bytecode environments, Mac OS X, and KDE also use it for internal representation. Unicode is available on Windows 95 through Microsoft Layer for Unicode, as well as on its descendants, Windows 98 and Windows ME.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 5, "title": "PuTTY", "paragraph_text": "PuTTY was originally written for Microsoft Windows, but it has been ported to various other operating systems. Official ports are available for some Unix-like platforms, with work-in-progress ports to and , and unofficial ports have been contributed to platforms such as Symbian, Windows Mobile and Windows Phone.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Call of Duty: Modern Warfare Remastered", "paragraph_text": "Call of Duty: Modern Warfare Remastered is a first - person shooter video game developed by Raven Software and published by Activision. A remastered version of Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare, it was released worldwide on November 4, 2016 for the PlayStation 4, Xbox One and Microsoft Windows. It is available by purchasing either the Legacy, Digital Deluxe or Legacy Pro editions of Call of Duty: Infinite Warfare, with physical versions requiring the Infinite Warfare disc inserted to access the remaster. A standalone edition of the game was released on June 27, 2017 for the PlayStation 4, and July 27, 2017 for Xbox One and Microsoft Windows.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Hokkien", "paragraph_text": "Hokkien, especially Taiwanese, is sometimes written in the Latin script using one of several alphabets. Of these the most popular is Pe̍h-ōe-jī (traditional Chinese: 白話字; simplified Chinese: 白话字; pinyin: Báihuàzì). POJ was developed first by Presbyterian missionaries in China and later by the indigenous Presbyterian Church in Taiwan; use of this alphabet has been actively promoted since the late 19th century. The use of a mixed script of Han characters and Latin letters is also seen, though remains uncommon. Other Latin-based alphabets also exist.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "The set of graphic and format characters defined by Unicode does not correspond directly to the repertoire of abstract characters that is representable under Unicode. Unicode encodes characters by associating an abstract character with a particular code point. However, not all abstract characters are encoded as a single Unicode character, and some abstract characters may be represented in Unicode by a sequence of two or more characters. For example, a Latin small letter \"i\" with an ogonek, a dot above, and an acute accent, which is required in Lithuanian, is represented by the character sequence U+012F, U+0307, U+0301. Unicode maintains a list of uniquely named character sequences for abstract characters that are not directly encoded in Unicode.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Windows 8", "paragraph_text": "Backup and Restore, the backup component of Windows, is deprecated. It still ships with Windows 8 and continues to work on preset schedules, but is pushed to the background and can only be accessed through a Control Panel applet called \"Windows 7 File Recovery\".:76 Shadow Copy, a component of Windows Explorer that once saved previous versions of changed files, no longer protects local files and folders. It can only access previous versions of shared files stored on a Windows Server computer.:74 The subsystem on which these components worked, however, is still available for other software to use.:74", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Windows 98", "paragraph_text": "Windows 98 is not designed to handle more than 1.0 GB of RAM without changes. Workarounds and third-party patches are available to fix this shortcoming.Both Windows 98 and Windows 98 Second Edition have problems running on hard drives bigger than 32 GB and certain Phoenix BIOS settings. A software update fixed this shortcoming. In addition, until Windows XP with Service Pack 1, Windows was unable to handle hard drives that are over 137 GB in size with the default drivers, because of missing 48-bit Logical Block Addressing support. While Microsoft never officially fixed this issue, unofficial patches are available to fix this shortcoming in Windows 9x, although the author stated that data corruption is possible and did not guarantee that it would work as expected.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Windows Vista", "paragraph_text": "Windows Vista is an operating system that was produced by Microsoft for use on personal computers, including home and business desktops, laptops, tablet PCs and media center PCs. Development was completed on 8 November 2006, and over the following three months, it was released in stages to computer hardware and software manufacturers, business customers and retail channels. On 30 January 2007, it was released worldwide and was made available for purchase and download from the Windows Marketplace. The release of Windows Vista came more than five years after the introduction of its predecessor, Windows XP, the longest time span between successive releases of Microsoft Windows desktop operating systems.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Windows 8", "paragraph_text": "Retail versions of Windows 8 are only able to install these apps through Windows Store—a namesake distribution platform which offers both apps, and listings for desktop programs certified for comparability with Windows 8. A method to sideload apps from outside Windows Store is available to devices running Windows 8 Enterprise and joined to a domain; Windows 8 Pro and Windows RT devices that are not part of a domain can also sideload apps, but only after special product keys are obtained through volume licensing.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Joanna Leunis", "paragraph_text": "Joanna Leunis, born 22 May 1981 in Rocourt, Liège, Belgium, is a professional Latin ballroom dancer. With Michael Malitowski, she is a former professional World Latin Dance Champion and the current International Latin American Dance Champion. The couple represented Poland until 2011, representing England from then on.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "Several subsets of Unicode are standardized: Microsoft Windows since Windows NT 4.0 supports WGL-4 with 652 characters, which is considered to support all contemporary European languages using the Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic script. Other standardized subsets of Unicode include the Multilingual European Subsets: MES-1 (Latin scripts only, 335 characters), MES-2 (Latin, Greek and Cyrillic 1062 characters) and MES-3A & MES-3B (two larger subsets, not shown here). Note that MES-2 includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Article One of the United States Constitution", "paragraph_text": "The Constitution provides three requirements for Representatives: A Representative must be at least 25 years old, must be an inhabitant of the state in which he or she is elected, and must have been a citizen of the United States for the previous seven years. There is no requirement that a Representative reside within the district in which he or she represents; although this is usually the case, there have been occasional exceptions.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "KGB Archiver", "paragraph_text": "KGB Archiver is free and open-source, released under the terms of the GNU General Public License. Version 2 beta 2 is available for Microsoft Windows and a command-line version of KGB Archiver 1.0 is available for Unix-like operating systems.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Windows 8", "paragraph_text": "Relatively few changes were made from the Release Preview to the final version; these included updated versions of its pre-loaded apps, the renaming of Windows Explorer to File Explorer, the replacement of the Aero Glass theme from Windows Vista and 7 with a new flat and solid-colored theme, and the addition of new background options for the Start screen, lock screen, and desktop. Prior to its general availability on October 26, 2012, updates were released for some of Windows 8's bundled apps, and a \"General Availability Cumulative Update\" (which included fixes to improve performance, compatibility, and battery life) was released on Tuesday, October 9, 2012. Microsoft indicated that due to improvements to its testing infrastructure, general improvements of this nature are to be released more frequently through Windows Update instead of being relegated to OEMs and service packs only.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Microsoft Software Assurance", "paragraph_text": "Access to exclusive software products: Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs, Windows Vista Enterprise Edition, Windows 7 Enterprise Edition, Windows 8 Enterprise Edition and Microsoft Desktop Optimization Pack are only available to Software Assurance customers", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Microsoft Security Essentials", "paragraph_text": "Support for MSE has officially ended for Windows Vista and Windows XP. Older versions still function on those systems and definition updates remain available. It is still supported on Windows 7 until January 14, 2020.Microsoft Security Essentials does not run on Windows 8 and later, which has its own security subsystem, Windows Defender. On September 13, 2011, at the Build conference in Anaheim, California, Microsoft unveiled the developer preview of Windows 8, which had a security component capable of preventing an infected USB flash memory from compromising the system during the boot process. On September 15, Windows 8 developer's blog confirmed that Windows Defender in Windows 8 would take over the role of virus protection. In an included video, Jason Garms of Microsoft showed how Windows Defender is registered with Action Center as an AV and spyware protection tool, and how it blocks drive-by malware. On March 3, 2012, Softpedia reviewed the consumer preview of Windows 8 and noted the similarity in appearance of Windows Defender and Microsoft Security Essentials 4.0 Beta. According to Softpedia, Windows 8 Setup requires Microsoft Security Essentials to be uninstalled before upgrading from Windows 7.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 19013, "question": "All LAtin characters required by POJ can be represented by what?", "answer": "Unicode", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 }, { "id": 25986, "question": "What is #1 available through Windows on?", "answer": "Microsoft Layer", "paragraph_support_idx": 4 } ]

[ "MS", "Microsoft" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Shire of Swan Hill", "paragraph_text": "The Shire of Swan Hill was a local government area in northwestern Victoria, Australia, along the Murray River. The shire covered an area of , and existed from 1893 until 1995. From 1939 onwards, Swan Hill itself was managed by a separate entity, ultimately known as the City of Swan Hill. After a large-scale statewide amalgamation program by the Victorian Government in 1994–1995, they were reunited under the Rural City of Swan Hill.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Paea", "paragraph_text": "Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Territory of Papua", "paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "The Cooker", "paragraph_text": "The Cooker is an album by the jazz trumpeter Lee Morgan, released on the Blue Note label in 1958 as BLP 1578. It was recorded on September 29, 1957, and features a quintet with Morgan, Pepper Adams, Bobby Timmons, Paul Chambers and Philly Joe Jones.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "States of Germany", "paragraph_text": "Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Moumouni Fabré", "paragraph_text": "Moumouni Fabré (born 28 November 1953) is a Burkinabé politician who has served as the Ambassador of Burkina Faso to South Africa since 2008. He was Minister of Territorial Administration and Decentralization from 2002 to 2006.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Bobby Joe Hill", "paragraph_text": "Bobby Joe Hill was the 5'11 point guard from Highland Park, Michigan on the Texas Western college basketball team that won the national title in 1966. Texas Western's win over the top-ranked Kentucky team, nicknamed \"Rupp's Runts,\" in the title game in College Park, Maryland, is considered one of the most historic games in the annals of college basketball. The school's all-black starting five defeated a white Kentucky team, 72–65. Bobby Joe Hill was one of the most prominent players on the court. In the first half, he stole the ball from both Louie Dampier and Tommy Kron twice within the span of a minute and converted both steals into easy layups. He led all scorers with twenty points, and his plays were complemented by talented teammates Harry Flournoy, Nevil Shed, David Lattin, and Willie Worsley. Don Haskins coached Texas Western, and Adolph Rupp directed Kentucky. The Miners' victory over the Kentucky Wildcats was a landmark event in the history of civil right and sports desegregation, comparable to Jackie Robinson's baseball tenure with the Brooklyn Dodgers, decisively proving that color of skin has no bearing on talent and ability. Of note is that Don Haskins and the entire Texas Western squad rose above racial threats, insults, vandalism, and violence throughout the 1965–1966 season to their against-all-odds triumph.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Northeast India", "paragraph_text": "State Historic Name Capital (s) Statehood Arunachal Pradesh North - East Frontier Agency Itanagar 1987 (earlier a Union Territory of India, constituted in 1971) Assam Pragjyotisha, Kamarupa Shillong (till 1969), Dispur 1947 Manipur Kangleipak Imphal 1971 (earlier a Union Territory of India, constituted in 1956) Meghalaya Khasi hills, Jaintia hills and Garo hills Shillong 1971 Mizoram Lushai hills Aizawl 1987 (earlier a Union Territory of India, constituted in 1971) Nagaland Naga hills Kohima 1963 Sikkim Sukhim Gangtok Tripura Tipperah Agartala 1971 (earlier a Union Territory of India, constituted in 1956)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Highland Park, Michigan", "paragraph_text": "Highland Park is a city in Wayne County in the State of Michigan, within Metro Detroit. The population was 11,776 at the 2010 census. The city is completely surrounded by Detroit except for a small portion that touches the city of Hamtramck, which is also surrounded by Detroit.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Arrondissement of Mechelen", "paragraph_text": "The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Vilnius County", "paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert", "paragraph_text": "The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a \"zone d'exploitation contrôlée\" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Khabarovsky District", "paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Union territory", "paragraph_text": "A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Bobby Joe Hill", "paragraph_text": "The story of Bobby Joe Hill and the 1966 Texas Western national championship has been immortalized in the film Glory Road, which was released in the U.S. in January, 2006, forty years after the ``fabulous five ''forever altered the landscape of college basketball. Derek Luke was cast to play Bobby Joe in the movie.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Judgment!", "paragraph_text": "Judgment! is a studio album by American jazz pianist Andrew Hill, recorded and released in 1964 on Blue Note Records. Accompanied by a rhythm section and vibraphone - played by Bobby Hutcherson - Hill weaves his music around a complex harmonic structure.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Ap Lo Chun", "paragraph_text": "Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Bobby Hill (footballer)", "paragraph_text": "Robert \"Bobby\" Hill (born 9 June 1938 in Edinburgh, Scotland) is a Scottish former professional footballer who played as an inside forward in The Football League for Colchester United.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Bogotá", "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Michael Warren (actor)", "paragraph_text": "Michael Warren (born March 5, 1946) is an American TV actor and former college basketball player, best known for playing Officer Bobby Hill on the NBC television series Hill Street Blues.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 145217, "question": "Where was Bobby Joe Hill born?", "answer": "Highland Park", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 }, { "id": 311210, "question": "#1 >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "answer": "Wayne County", "paragraph_support_idx": 8 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Microsoft India", "paragraph_text": "Microsoft India Private Limited is a subsidiary of American software company Microsoft Corporation, headquartered in Hyderabad, India. The company first entered the Indian market in 1990 and has since worked closely with the Indian government, the IT industry, academia and the local developer community to usher in some of the early successes in the IT market. Microsoft currently has offices in the 9 cities of Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Chennai, Hyderabad, Kochi, Kolkata, Mumbai, the NCR (New Delhi and Gurgaon) and Pune. Increasingly, the company has become a key IT partner of the Indian government and industry, supporting and fueling the growth of the local IT industry through its partner enablement programs. Since its entry into India, Microsoft has focused on three key objectives:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Aspen Soda", "paragraph_text": "Aspen Soda was an apple-flavored soft drink sold across the United States by PepsiCo from 1978 until 1982. In 1984, PepsiCo came out with a replacement apple soda under its new Slice line.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Sugar Land, Texas", "paragraph_text": "Sugar Land is a city in Fort Bend County, Texas, United States, located in the southwestern part of the Houston -- The Woodlands -- Sugar Land metropolitan area. Located approximately 19 miles (31 km) southwest of Downtown Houston, Sugar Land is a populous suburban municipality centered around the junction of Texas State Highway 6 and U.S. Route 59. Beginning in the 19th century, the present - day Sugar Land area was home to a large sugar plantation situated in the fertile floodplain of the Brazos River. Following the consolidation of local plantations into Imperial Sugar Company in 1908, Sugar Land grew steadily as a company town and incorporated as a city in 1959. Since then, Sugar Land has grown rapidly alongside other edge cities around Houston, with large - scale development of master - planned communities contributing to population swells since the 1980s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "A&W Cream Soda", "paragraph_text": "A&W Cream Soda is a cream soda carbonated soft drink introduced by A&W Root Beer in 1986. A&W Root Beer was first sold at a Veterans Day parade in Lodi, California in 1919 and the company established in 1922 by Frank Wright and Roy Allen. The first product they created was A & W Root Beer. It was not until 1986 that A&W Brands, headquartered in White Plains, N.Y. introduced A&W Cream Soda and A&W Diet Cream Soda through its network of franchised bottlers and distributors. Although cream soda had been created in 1852 by E.M. Sheldon, A&W Brands was one of the first American companies to make it commercially. In 1993, A&W Brands was purchased by Cadbury/Schweppes, and in 1995 Cadbury/Schweppes purchased the Dr. Pepper/Seven-Up Company, which made A&W a part of the Dr. Pepper/Seven Up, Inc. In 2001, DPSU purchased the Snapple Beverage Group (formally TriArc Beverages), and moved the New York-based company operations to its new headquarters in Plano, Texas. This acquisition put A&W within the same company as the top soda brand companies and made A&W Cream Soda the top brand in cream sodas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Soda Springs (near Boonville), Mendocino County, California", "paragraph_text": "Soda Springs (also, Soda Spring and Singleys Soda Spring) is an unincorporated community in Mendocino County, California. It is located northeast of Boonville, at an elevation of 1388 feet (423 m).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "WWE", "paragraph_text": "On May 5, 2002, the World Wrestling Federation announced it was changing both its company name and the name of its wrestling promotion to World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). Although mainly caused by an unfavorable ruling in its dispute with the World Wildlife Fund regarding the ``WWF ''initialism, the company noted it provided an opportunity to emphasize its focus on entertainment.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Beyoncé", "paragraph_text": "Beyoncé has worked with Pepsi since 2002, and in 2004 appeared in a Gladiator-themed commercial with Britney Spears, Pink, and Enrique Iglesias. In 2012, Beyoncé signed a $50 million deal to endorse Pepsi. The Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPINET) wrote Beyoncé an open letter asking her to reconsider the deal because of the unhealthiness of the product and to donate the proceeds to a medical organisation. Nevertheless, NetBase found that Beyoncé's campaign was the most talked about endorsement in April 2013, with a 70 per cent positive audience response to the commercial and print ads.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "High-fructose corn syrup", "paragraph_text": "High - fructose corn syrup (HFCS) (also called glucose - fructose, isoglucose and glucose - fructose syrup) is a sweetener made from corn starch that has been processed by glucose isomerase to convert some of its glucose into fructose. HFCS was first marketed in the early 1970s by the Clinton Corn Processing Company, together with the Japanese Agency of Industrial Science and Technology where the enzyme was discovered in 1965.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Lasantha Abeywickrama", "paragraph_text": "Lasantha Abeywickrama (born January 27, 1963 in Colombo, Sri Lanka) is a prominent business consultant in Sri Lanka. He is currently the managing director of DiventarsTraining and Symbiosis Business Partners. In 2001 and 2002 he was the chairman of the Chartered Institute of Marketing (CIM) in Sri-Lanka, and he has contributed to a large number of consulting and training programs for local and foreign companies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Prince of Wales (cocktail)", "paragraph_text": "The Prince of Wales is a cocktail created by Albert Edward, Prince of Wales, who later becomes King Edward VII. There are several variations of the cocktail, but what they usually have in common is champagne, angostura bitters, sugar (or simple syrup), either rye whiskey or cognac, and a liqueur.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Queer Eye", "paragraph_text": "Queer Eye is an American reality television series that premiered on the cable television network Bravo during July 2003. The program's original name Queer Eye for the Straight Guy was changed after the third season to generalize the scope of its content. The series was created by executive producers David Collins and Michael Williams along with their producing partner David Metzler; it was produced by their production company, Scout Productions.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Eswatini", "paragraph_text": "The Swazi economy is very closely linked to the economy of South Africa, from which it receives over 90% of its imports and to which it sends about 70% of its exports. Swaziland's other key trading partners are the United States and the EU, from whom the country has received trade preferences for apparel exports (under the African Growth and Opportunity Act – AGOA – to the US) and for sugar (to the EU). Under these agreements, both apparel and sugar exports did well, with rapid growth and a strong inflow of foreign direct investment. Textile exports grew by over 200% between 2000 and 2005 and sugar exports increasing by more than 50% over the same period.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar", "paragraph_text": "The Pepsi - Cola Made with Real Sugar, formerly called Throwback, is a brand of soft drink sold by PepsiCo in the United States and in sweet stores in South Australia for its flagship Pepsi and Mountain Dew brands. The drinks, called Pepsi Throwback and Mountain Dew Throwback, are named as such because they are flavored with cane sugar and beet sugar instead of high fructose corn syrup, which soft drink companies used to replace sugar (in their North American products) in the 1980s. In addition, these drinks use retro packaging. As of June 2014, Pepsi Throwback has been replaced in one area of the United States by ``Pepsi - Cola Made with Real Sugar '', a new product formulation, also made without high fructose corn syrup.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Kellogg's", "paragraph_text": "Kellogg's was founded as the Battle Creek Toasted Corn Flake Company on February 19, 1906, by Will Keith Kellogg as an outgrowth of his work with his brother John Harvey Kellogg at the Battle Creek Sanitarium following practices based on the Seventh - day Adventist Church. The company produced and marketed the hugely successful Kellogg's Toasted Corn Flakes and was renamed the Kellogg Company in 1922.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Imelletty perunalaatikko", "paragraph_text": "Sweetened potato casserole (Finnish \"imelletty perunalaatikko\") is a traditional Finnish dish from Päijät-Häme, eaten elsewhere in Finland at Christmastime. It is prepared by letting puréed potatoes, mixed with wheat flour, stand at a temperature of around 50°C (122°F). The amylase in the flour will start to break down the potato’s starches to shorter carbohydrate chains, that is sugars. The temperature cannot exceed 75°C (167°F); otherwise, the amylase molecules will break down. Through this process, the dish gets its distinct sweet flavour; nowadays, however, dark syrup (Finnish \"tumma siirappi\") can be added to give it sweetness. Dark syrup is made from sugarcane and it's the most common type of syrup in Finland. It has a similar taste to molasses, but is sweeter.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "The Liberator Magazine", "paragraph_text": "The Liberator Magazine is a publication/production company started by Brian Kasoro, Gayle Smaller, Tazz Hunter, Kenya McKnight, Marcus Harcus and Mike Clark in Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. The company's first release was published July 21, 2002. Originally known as \"The Minneapolis Liberator\", the company's name was later changed to \"The Liberator Magazine\" when it was incorporated and expanded onto the internet.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Cott", "paragraph_text": "Cott Beverage Corporation was founded in 1923 by Solomon Cott, a Polish immigrant, and his son Harry, in Port Chester, New York. Harry Pencer, a clothier from Montreal, Quebec, Canada, began to import Cott sodas into Quebec, Canada, in 1952. In 1955 Pencer acquired the Canadian rights to the Cott label and established Cott Beverages (Canada) Ltd., to bottle the Cott line of sodas. From 1976 to 1991, Cott expanded its distribution throughout Canada and back into the U.S. and into Europe. In 1969, the name was changed to Cott Beverages Ltd., and in 1991 to Cott Corporation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Shamishi", "paragraph_text": "Shamishi are semolina fried pies that have been produced in Cyprus since at least the 19th century and they are considered a traditional delicacy of the cuisine of Cyprus. Shamishi are known as a dessert that is served hot in special occasions such as weddings and local religious feasts usually along with loukoumades and water and it is a variety of fried pastry filled with halva and semolina. In addition to halva and semolina, shamishi includes ingredients like flour, water, sugar, mastic, oil (corn or groundnut oil), salt, among others.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Sir James Rankin, 1st Baronet", "paragraph_text": "Sir James Rankin, 1st Baronet (25 December 1842 – 17 April 1915) was a Conservative Party politician in the United Kingdom. He was Member of Parliament for Leominster from 1880 to 1885, and from 1886 until the general election of 1906, losing the seat by only 28 votes to the Liberal candidate. He regained the seat in January 1910 and resigned in March 1912. He was made a Baronet on 20 June 1898, of Bryngwyn (Bryngwyn Manor, near Wormelow Tump), Herefordshire. He was a senior partner of the family timber and shipbuilding company, Pollok, Gilmour and Company. The Rankin Constitutional Club, in Corn Square, Leominster, is named after him.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Es teler", "paragraph_text": "Es Teler is a fruit cocktail from Indonesia. Avocado, coconut meat, cincau, jackfruit and other fruits are served with coconut milk, sweetened condensed milk, \"Pandanus amaryllifolius\" leaf (normally in the form of cocopandan syrup), sugar, and a tiny amount of salt.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 320, "question": "Which soda company has Beyonce partnered with since 2002?", "answer": "Pepsi", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 }, { "id": 89145, "question": "when did #1 change from sugar to corn syrup", "answer": "the 1980s", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Gerry Ward (footballer)", "paragraph_text": "Born in Stepney, London, Ward joined Arsenal as a trainee in 1952 and was quickly propelled into the first team. He made his debut on the left wing in a home match against Huddersfield Town on 22 August 1953 at the age of 16 years and 321 days, this made him at the time Arsenal's youngest-ever player (since surpassed by Jermaine Pennant and then Cesc Fàbregas), and until 2008 he held the record for Arsenal's youngest-ever player in a league match, a record now held by Jack Wilshere. As Wilshere's appearance was as a substitute, Ward remains the youngest Arsenal player to ever start a league match.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Steve Mocco", "paragraph_text": "Steve Mocco (born December 28, 1981) is an American amateur wrestler and mixed martial artist originally from North Bergen, New Jersey. Starting his collegiate wrestling career at the University of Iowa, Mocco was the 285-pound NCAA Division I runner-up in 2002 and champion in 2003. After taking an Olympic redshirt year, Mocco transferred to Oklahoma State University to wrestle for coach John Smith. In his first year at OSU, Mocco won the 285 title in 2005 without losing a match.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "FC Barcelona", "paragraph_text": "After Laporta's departure from the club in June 2010, Sandro Rosell was soon elected as the new president. The elections were held on 13 June, where he got 61.35% (57,088 votes, a record) of total votes. Rosell signed David Villa from Valencia for €40 million and Javier Mascherano from Liverpool for €19 million. In November 2010, Barcelona defeated their main rival, Real Madrid 5–0 in El Clásico. In the 2010–11 season, Barcelona retained the La Liga trophy, their third title in succession, finishing with 96 points. In April 2011, the club reached the Copa del Rey final, losing 1–0 to Real Madrid at the Mestalla in Valencia. In May, Barcelona defeated Manchester United in the 2011 Champions League Final 3–1 held at Wembley Stadium, a repeat of the 2009 final, winning their fourth European Cup. In August 2011, La Masia graduate Cesc Fàbregas was bought from Arsenal and he would help Barcelona defend the Spanish Supercup against Real Madrid. The Supercup victory brought the total number of official trophies to 73, matching the number of titles won by Real Madrid.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Turkey national football B team", "paragraph_text": "The Turkey national football B team, also known as the Turkey A2 national football team is a reserve team for the Turkey national football team. It features players from the A2 Ligi. The team played their first match in 2002 at the 2003 Future Cup. They have played 23 matches, winning eleven, drawing eight, and losing four. The team is currently coached by Gökhan Keskin.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Mumbai Indians", "paragraph_text": "In IPL 2017, the Mumbai Indians finished at the top of the points table, winning 10 out of 14 matches. They went on to win the trophy after beating Rising Pune Supergiant in a nail - biting finish which is often hailed as the best IPL match and IPL final till date. This was their 3rd IPL title and with it they became the most successful team in the history of IPL.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "2003 Triglav Trophy", "paragraph_text": "The 2003 Triglav Trophy was the Triglav Trophy figure skating competition of the 2002–03 figure skating season. The competition is always held annually in the spring in Jesenice, Slovenia. Due to its timing, the Triglav Trophy is usually the last or one of the last International Skating Union-sanctioned international competitions of the season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Arsenal F.C.", "paragraph_text": "Arsenal's tally of 13 League Championships is the third highest in English football, after Manchester United (20) and Liverpool (18), and they were the first club to reach 8 League Championships. They hold the highest number of FA Cup trophies, 12. The club is one of only six clubs to have won the FA Cup twice in succession, in 2002 and 2003, and 2014 and 2015. Arsenal have achieved three League and FA Cup \"Doubles\" (in 1971, 1998 and 2002), a feat only previously achieved by Manchester United (in 1994, 1996 and 1999). They were the first side in English football to complete the FA Cup and League Cup double, in 1993. Arsenal were also the first London club to reach the final of the UEFA Champions League, in 2006, losing the final 2–1 to Barcelona.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "List of Premier League winning players", "paragraph_text": "Since the 2012 -- 13 season, a player needs to have played in a minimum of five matches for a title - winning team to qualify for a medal. This is down from the previous standard of ten matches played. At the discretion of the Premier League board, additional medals can be awarded to players who played less than five matches. This special dispensation is usually reserved for back - up goalkeepers and players who did not make the minimum number of appearances through injury. For the first season, players received a miniature version of the trophy rather than a medal.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "List of Premier League seasons", "paragraph_text": "Six clubs have won the title: Manchester United (13 times), Chelsea (5), Arsenal (3), Manchester City (2), Blackburn Rovers and Leicester City; Manchester United was the first club to win the league three consecutive seasons in a row twice (1998 -- 99 to 2000 -- 01 & 2006 -- 07 to 2008 -- 09) and Arsenal was the only team to go an entire season without a single defeat in 2003 -- 04. The record number of points accumulated by a team is 95 by Chelsea, who won the Premier League in 2004 -- 05. Crystal Palace, Norwich and Sunderland have been relegated the most times (4) while Derby County accumulated the lowest ever points total with 11 in the 2007 -- 08 season. 16 top goalscorers from 11 different clubs have been awarded the Premier League Golden Boot. Andy Cole and Alan Shearer scored 34 goals in a 42 - game season -- the most in a Premier League season, while Alan Shearer, Cristiano Ronaldo and Luis Suárez jointly hold the record in a 38 - game season with 31. Dutchman Jimmy Floyd Hasselbaink was the first foreigner to win the award outright in 2000 -- 01 having shared the accolade with Dwight Yorke of Trinidad and Tobago in 1998 -- 99.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Robin van Persie", "paragraph_text": "After failing to score against Fulham, van Persie scored again for Arsenal, this time against Wigan Athletic to make the score 4 -- 0 to Arsenal on 3 December 2011. He then added to his tally with the only goal of the game against Everton, an exquisite volley from an Alex Song long ball. The following match, versus Aston Villa, saw him score a penalty and provide an assist. Van Persie's final goal of the 2011 calendar year came in Arsenal's one - goal win over Queens Park Rangers on the last day of the year. The goal took his tally for the year to 35 goals, one short of Alan Shearer's Premier League record.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Arsenal F.C.", "paragraph_text": "The club's success in the late 1990s and first decade of the 21st century owed a great deal to the 1996 appointment of Arsène Wenger as manager. Wenger brought new tactics, a new training regime and several foreign players who complemented the existing English talent. Arsenal won a second League and Cup double in 1997–98 and a third in 2001–02. In addition, the club reached the final of the 1999–2000 UEFA Cup (losing on penalties to Galatasaray), were victorious in the 2003 and 2005 FA Cups, and won the Premier League in 2003–04 without losing a single match, an achievement which earned the side the nickname \"The Invincibles\". The feat came within a run of 49 league matches unbeaten from 7 May 2003 to 24 October 2004, a national record.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Arsenal F.C.", "paragraph_text": "Arsenal have appeared in a number of media \"firsts\". On 22 January 1927, their match at Highbury against Sheffield United was the first English League match to be broadcast live on radio. A decade later, on 16 September 1937, an exhibition match between Arsenal's first team and the reserves was the first football match in the world to be televised live. Arsenal also featured in the first edition of the BBC's Match of the Day, which screened highlights of their match against Liverpool at Anfield on 22 August 1964. BSkyB's coverage of Arsenal's January 2010 match against Manchester United was the first live public broadcast of a sports event on 3D television.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Tom Brady", "paragraph_text": "In his second season, Brady took over as the starting quarterback after Drew Bledsoe was injured. He led the Patriots to first place in the AFC East and a victory over the favored St. Louis Rams in Super Bowl XXXVI, winning his first Super Bowl MVP award. Despite the Patriots' missing the playoffs the following season, Brady would then lead them to back - to - back World Championships in 2003 and 2004, winning Super Bowl MVP honors again in 2003. Along the way, the Patriots won an NFL - record 21 consecutive games (including the playoffs) between the 2003 and 2004 seasons. The 2005 season was Brady's first to throw for 4,000 yards and lead the NFL in passing. That postseason, Brady would win his 10th consecutive playoff game, another NFL postseason record.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Arsenal F.C.", "paragraph_text": "The return of former player George Graham as manager in 1986 brought a third period of glory. Arsenal won the League Cup in 1987, Graham's first season in charge. This was followed by a League title win in 1988–89, won with a last-minute goal in the final game of the season against fellow title challengers Liverpool. Graham's Arsenal won another title in 1990–91, losing only one match, won the FA Cup and League Cup double in 1993, and a second European trophy, the European Cup Winners' Cup, in 1994. Graham's reputation was tarnished when he was found to have taken kickbacks from agent Rune Hauge for signing certain players, and he was dismissed in 1995. His replacement, Bruce Rioch, lasted for only one season, leaving the club after a dispute with the board of directors.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Arsenal F.C.", "paragraph_text": "Arsenal finished in either first or second place in the league in eight of Wenger's first eleven seasons at the club, although on no occasion were they able to retain the title. As of July 2013, they were one of only five teams, the others being Manchester United, Blackburn Rovers, Chelsea, and Manchester City, to have won the Premier League since its formation in 1992. Arsenal had never progressed beyond the quarter-finals of the Champions League until 2005–06; in that season they became the first club from London in the competition's fifty-year history to reach the final, in which they were beaten 2–1 by Barcelona. In July 2006, they moved into the Emirates Stadium, after 93 years at Highbury.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "New England Patriots", "paragraph_text": "The Patriots have appeared in the Super Bowl ten times in franchise history, the most of any team, eight of them since the arrival of head coach Bill Belichick and quarterback Tom Brady in 2000. The Patriots have since become one of the most successful teams in NFL history, winning 15 AFC East titles in 17 seasons since 2001, without a losing season in that period. The franchise has since set numerous notable records, including most wins in a ten - year period (126, in 2003 -- 2012), an undefeated 16 - game regular season in 2007, the longest winning streak consisting of regular season and playoff games in NFL history (a 21 - game streak from October 2003 to October 2004), and the most consecutive division titles won by a team in NFL history (won nine straight division titles from 2009 to 2017). The team owns the record for most Super Bowls reached (eight) and won (five) by a head coach -- quarterback tandem. Currently, the team is tied with the 49ers and Cowboys for the second most Super Bowl wins with five, after the Steelers, who have six.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Martin Ekani", "paragraph_text": "Martin Ekani (born April 21, 1984 in Aubervilliers, France) is a French footballer who played 4 matches in Ligue 1 for RC Lens in the 2003-2004 season and 13 matches in Ligue 2 for Angers SCO in the 2004-2005 season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "2003 FIFA Confederations Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2003 FIFA Confederations Cup football tournament was the sixth FIFA Confederations Cup, held in France in June 2003. France retained the title they had won in 2001, but the tournament was overshadowed by the death of Cameroon player Marc-Vivien Foé, who died of heart failure in his side's semi-final against Colombia. Foé's death united the France and Cameroon teams in the final match, which was played even though team players from both sides had explicitly stated that the match should not be played out of respect for Foé. France went on to win the trophy with a golden goal from Thierry Henry.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Arsenal F.C.", "paragraph_text": "Arsenal Football Club is a professional football club based in Highbury, London, England, that plays in the Premier League, the top flight of English football. The club has won 13 League titles, a record 13 FA Cups, two League Cups, the League Centenary Trophy, 15 FA Community Shields, one UEFA Cup Winners' Cup and one Inter-Cities Fairs Cup. It has won more top flight matches than any English club except Liverpool, and has completed the only 38 match season unbeaten.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Indian cricket team in South Africa in 2017–18", "paragraph_text": "The India cricket team toured South Africa in January and February 2018 to play three Tests, six One Day Internationals (ODIs) and three Twenty20 International (T20I) matches. In January 2017, Cricket South Africa (CSA) revealed that this tour would replace the scheduled visit by Sri Lanka due to costs and scheduling congestion. The Test series was played for the Freedom Trophy, with South Africa winning the trophy following victories in the first two Tests. South Africa went on to win the Test series 2 -- 1. It was the first Test series of three matches or more in which all 40 wickets fell in each match of the series. With India's win the third Test, they retained the number one place in the ICC Test Championship, taking an unassailable lead before the April 2018 cut - off date for next season's rankings.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 18025, "question": "What trophy did Arsenal win in the 2003-2004 season without losing a match?", "answer": "Premier League", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 }, { "id": 18027, "question": "In what year was #1 created?", "answer": "1992", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Mexico City", "paragraph_text": "On Thursday, September 19, 1985, at 7:19 am local time, Mexico City was struck by an earthquake of magnitude 8.1 on the Richter scale. Although this earthquake was not as deadly or destructive as many similar events in Asia and other parts of Latin America, it proved to be a disaster politically for the one-party government. The government was paralyzed by its own bureaucracy and corruption, forcing ordinary citizens to create and direct their own rescue efforts and to reconstruct much of the housing that was lost as well.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Fiodar Fiodaraŭ", "paragraph_text": "He took an active part in the organization of the Institute of Physics and Mathematics of the Belarus Science Academy, and was the leader of one of the four major laboratories there (the laboratory of theoretical physics) until 1987.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Chater Plain", "paragraph_text": "Chater Plain is a Union Council (an administrative subdivision) of Mansehra District in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is part of Mansehra Tehsil and is located in an area that was affected by the 2005 Kashmir earthquake. Majority of the clans are Swati Pashtuns and Gujars.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "2003 Boumerdès earthquake", "paragraph_text": "The 2003 Boumerdès earthquake occurred on May 21 at in northern Algeria. The shock had a moment magnitude of 6.8 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (\"Extreme\"). The epicentre of the earthquake was located near the town of Thénia in Boumerdès Province, approximately 60 km east of the capital Algiers. The quake was the strongest to hit Algeria in more than twenty years – since 1980, when a magnitude 7.1 earthquake resulted in at least 2,633 deaths.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Michale Fee", "paragraph_text": "Michale Fee received a B.E. with honors in Engineering Physics from the School of Engineering at the University of Michigan (1985). He received a Ph.D. in Applied Physics from Stanford University (1992), where he conducted his thesis work in the laboratory of Steven Chu. From September 1992–June 1996 he was a postdoctoral fellow at Bell Laboratories in the Biological Computation Research Department, where he worked in the laboratory of David Kleinfeld on the cortical circuitry in the vibrissa system of the rat underlying the sense of touch.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "New Delhi lies on several fault lines and thus experiences frequent earthquakes, most of them of mild intensity. There has, however, been a spike in the number of earthquakes in the last six years, most notable being a 5.4 magnitude earthquake in 2015 with its epicentre in Nepal, a 4.7-magnitude earthquake on 25 November 2007, a 4.2-magnitude earthquake on 7 September 2011, a 5.2-magnitude earthquake on 5 March 2012, and a swarm of twelve earthquakes, including four of magnitudes 2.5, 2.8, 3.1, and 3.3, on 12 November 2013.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "2007 Solomon Islands earthquake", "paragraph_text": "The 2007 Solomon Islands earthquake took place on 2 April 2007, near the provincial capital of Gizo on Ghizo Island, in Solomon Islands. Its magnitude was estimated at 8.1 on the scale, and 7.8 on the scale. The tsunami that followed the earthquake killed 52 people. According to the USGS, the earthquake was recorded around 7:39:56 a.m. local time (UTC+11). The focus was 10 km (6 mi) deep and 40 km (25 mi) South South-East of Gizo township on New Georgia Islands in Western Province. There were numerous aftershocks, the largest of which had a magnitude of 6.2.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Alaska", "paragraph_text": "On March 27, 1964, the massive Good Friday earthquake killed 133 people and destroyed several villages and portions of large coastal communities, mainly by the resultant tsunamis and landslides. It was the second-most-powerful earthquake in the recorded history of the world, with a moment magnitude of 9.2. It was over one thousand times more powerful than the 1989 San Francisco earthquake. The time of day (5:36 pm), time of year and location of the epicenter were all cited as factors in potentially sparing thousands of lives, particularly in Anchorage.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "National Physical Laboratory of India", "paragraph_text": "The National Physical Laboratory of India, situated in New Delhi, is the measurement standards laboratory of India. It maintains standards of SI units in India and calibrates the national standards of weights and measures.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Icherrian", "paragraph_text": "Icherrian is a village and union council (an administrative subdivision) of Mansehra District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is located to the north east of Mansehra the district capital and lies in an area affected by the 2005 Kashmir earthquake.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "June 2011 Christchurch earthquake", "paragraph_text": "The June 2011 Christchurch earthquake was a shallow magnitude 6.0 earthquake that occurred on 13 June 2011 at 14:20 NZST (02:20 UTC). It was centred at a depth of , about 5 km (3 mi) south-east of Christchurch, which had previously been devastated by a magnitude 6.2 M earthquake in February 2011. The June quake was preceded by a magnitude 5.9 M tremor that struck the region at a slightly deeper 8.9 km (5.5 mi). The United States Geological Survey reported a magnitude of 6.0 M at a depth of about 9 km (5.6 mi).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "2008 Sichuan earthquake", "paragraph_text": "Because of the magnitude of the quake, and the media attention on China, foreign nations and organizations immediately responded to the disaster by offering condolences and assistance. On May 14, UNICEF reported that China formally requested the support of the international community to respond to the needs of affected families.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Glacier", "paragraph_text": "In glaciated areas where the glacier moves faster than one km per year, glacial earthquakes occur. These are large scale temblors that have seismic magnitudes as high as 6.1. The number of glacial earthquakes in Greenland peaks every year in July, August and September and is increasing over time. In a study using data from January 1993 through October 2005, more events were detected every year since 2002, and twice as many events were recorded in 2005 as there were in any other year. This increase in the numbers of glacial earthquakes in Greenland may be a response to global warming.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "1905 Tsetserleg earthquake", "paragraph_text": "The 1905 Tsetserleg earthquake occurred in or near the Tsetserleg Sum of Khövsgöl Province in Mongolia on 9 July 1905. The earthquake has been estimated at 7.9 to 8.3 on the moment magnitude scale.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "2017 Puebla earthquake", "paragraph_text": "The 2017 Central Mexico earthquake struck at 13: 14 CDT (18: 14 UTC) on 19 September 2017 with an estimated magnitude of M 7.1 and strong shaking for about 20 seconds. Its epicenter was about 55 km (34 mi) south of the city of Puebla. The earthquake caused damage in the Mexican states of Puebla and Morelos and in the Greater Mexico City area, including the collapse of more than 40 buildings. 370 people were killed by the earthquake and related building collapses, including 228 in Mexico City, and more than 6,000 were injured.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "1983 Biga earthquake", "paragraph_text": "The 1983 Biga earthquake hit northwestern Turkey on 5 July 1983. Responsible for five deaths and approximately twenty-six casualties throughout Biga and Erdek and damage in Istanbul, the earthquake measured 6.1 on the surface wave magnitude scale. It shook places as far away as eastern Greece. The United States Geological Survey listed the earthquake among the \"Significant Earthquakes of the World\" for 1983.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Guam", "paragraph_text": "The island of Guam is 30 miles (50 km) long and 4 to 12 miles (6 to 19 km) wide, 3⁄4 the size of Singapore. The island experiences occasional earthquakes due to its location on the western edge of the Pacific Plate and near the Philippine Sea Plate. In recent years, earthquakes with epicenters near Guam have had magnitudes ranging from 5.0 to 8.7. Unlike the Anatahan volcano in the Northern Mariana Islands, Guam is not volcanically active. However, due to its proximity to Anatahan, vog (i.e. volcanic smog) does occasionally affect Guam.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "2011 Yunnan earthquake", "paragraph_text": "The 2011 Yunnan earthquake was a 5.4 magnitude earthquake that occurred on 10 March 2011 at 12:58 CST, with its epicenter in Yingjiang County, Yunnan, People's Republic of China, near the Burmese border. A total of 26 people died and 313 were injured with 133 in serious condition. China's Xinhua reports that up to seven aftershocks, measuring up to a magnitude of 4.7, followed the initial quake, which caused a total of 127,000 people to be evacuated to nearby shelters. It joined over 1,000 other minor tremors that affected the region in the two preceding months. Following damage surveys, officials reported that 1,039 buildings were destroyed and 4,994 more were seriously damaged. The earthquake occurred one day before a much larger earthquake struck Japan that also formed a tsunami.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "2008 Sichuan earthquake", "paragraph_text": "Official figures (as of July 21, 2008 12:00 CST) stated that 69,197 were confirmed dead, including 68,636 in Sichuan province, and 374,176 injured, with 18,222 listed as missing. The earthquake left about 4.8 million people homeless, though the number could be as high as 11 million. Approximately 15 million people lived in the affected area. It was the deadliest earthquake to hit China since the 1976 Tangshan earthquake, which killed at least 240,000 people, and the strongest in the country since the 1950 Chayu earthquake, which registered at 8.5 on the Richter magnitude scale. It is the 21st deadliest earthquake of all time. On November 6, 2008, the central government announced that it would spend 1 trillion RMB (about US $146.5 billion) over the next three years to rebuild areas ravaged by the earthquake, as part of the Chinese economic stimulus program.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Seattle", "paragraph_text": "Due to its location in the Pacific Ring of Fire, Seattle is in a major earthquake zone. On February 28, 2001, the magnitude 6.8 Nisqually earthquake did significant architectural damage, especially in the Pioneer Square area (built on reclaimed land, as are the Industrial District and part of the city center), but caused only one fatality. Other strong quakes occurred on January 26, 1700 (estimated at 9 magnitude), December 14, 1872 (7.3 or 7.4), April 13, 1949 (7.1), and April 29, 1965 (6.5). The 1965 quake caused three deaths in Seattle directly, and one more by heart failure. Although the Seattle Fault passes just south of the city center, neither it nor the Cascadia subduction zone has caused an earthquake since the city's founding. The Cascadia subduction zone poses the threat of an earthquake of magnitude 9.0 or greater, capable of seriously damaging the city and collapsing many buildings, especially in zones built on fill.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 45290, "question": "where is the national physical laboratory located in india", "answer": "in New Delhi", "paragraph_support_idx": 8 }, { "id": 11122, "question": "What was the magnitude of the earthquake that affected #1 on September 2011?", "answer": "4.2-magnitude", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Visakan Kadirkamanathan", "paragraph_text": "Visakan Kadirkamanathan (born 1962) is a Professor of Signal and Information Processing at the Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering at the University of Sheffield, United Kingdom. He is Director of the Rolls-Royce supported University Technology Centre in Control and Monitoring Systems Engineering and is a Founding Member of the University Centre for Signal Processing and Complex Systems. From April 2009 to August 2014, he was Head of the Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering. He is known for his contribution to the field of statistical signal processing applied to system identification, signal estimation, and fault detection. Kadirkamanathan is the Co-editor of \"International Journal of Systems Science\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Glass", "paragraph_text": "In the 20th century, new types of glass such as laminated glass, reinforced glass and glass bricks have increased the use of glass as a building material and resulted in new applications of glass. Multi-storey buildings are frequently constructed with curtain walls made almost entirely of glass. Similarly, laminated glass has been widely applied to vehicles for windscreens. While glass containers have always been used for storage and are valued for their hygienic properties, glass has been utilized increasingly in industry. Optical glass for spectacles has been used since the late Middle Ages. The production of lenses has become increasingly proficient, aiding astronomers as well as having other application in medicine and science. Glass is also employed as the aperture cover in many solar energy systems.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Gospel", "paragraph_text": "The four gospels of the New Testament -- Matthew, Mark, Luke and John -- are almost our only source of information on Jesus, and thus occupy a uniquely important place in Christianity. They were all written in the period between c. 70 AD and the end of the 1st century, by anonymous authors, and stand at the end of a process of oral and written tradition that began on, or even before, the death of Jesus.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "House VI", "paragraph_text": "House VI, or the Frank Residence, is a significant building designed by Peter Eisenman, completed in 1975. His second built work, the getaway house, located on Great Hollow Road near Bird's Eye Brook in Cornwall, Connecticut (across from Mohawk Mountain Ski Area) has become famous for both its revolutionary definition of a \"house\" as much as for the physical problems of design and difficulty of use. At the time of construction, the architect was known almost exclusively as a theorist and \"paper architect,\" promulgating a highly formalist approach to architecture he calls \"postfunctionalism.\" Rather than form following function or an aesthetic design, the design emerged from a conceptual process, and remains pinned to that conceptual framework.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Motobdella montezuma", "paragraph_text": "Motobdella montezuma is a species of leech which is only found in Montezuma Well, central Arizona, United States. It is a nocturnal pelagic predator that feeds almost exclusively on the endemic amphipod \"Hyalella montezuma\", which it detects using passive sonar and swallows whole.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Data Protection Act 1998", "paragraph_text": "The Data Protection Act 1998 (c 29) is a United Kingdom Act of Parliament designed to protect personal data stored on computers or in an organised paper filing system. It follows the EU Data Protection Directive 1995 protection, processing and movement of data. Individuals have legal rights to control information about themselves. Most of the Act does not apply to domestic use, for example keeping a personal address book. Anyone holding personal data for other purposes is legally obliged to comply with this Act, subject to some exemptions. The Act defines eight data protection principles to ensure that information is processed lawfully.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Latin-1 Supplement (Unicode block)", "paragraph_text": "The Latin-1 Supplement (also called C1 Controls and Latin-1 Supplement) is the second Unicode block in the Unicode standard. It encodes the upper range of ISO 8859-1: 80 (U+0080) - FF (U+00FF). Controls C1 (0080–009F) are not graphic. This block ranges from U+0080 to U+00FF, contains 128 characters and includes the C1 controls, Latin-1 punctuation and symbols, 30 pairs of majuscule and minuscule accented Latin characters and 2 mathematical operators.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Ellis Island", "paragraph_text": "The first station was a three - story - tall structure with outbuildings, built of Georgia Pine, containing the amenities thought to be necessary. It opened with fanfare on January 1, 1892. Three large ships landed on the first day, and 700 immigrants passed over the docks. Almost 450,000 immigrants were processed at the station during its first year. On June 15, 1897, a fire of unknown origin, possibly caused by faulty wiring, turned the wooden structures on Ellis Island into ashes. No loss of life was reported, but most of the immigration records dating back to 1855 were destroyed. About 1.5 million immigrants had been processed at the first building during its five years of use. Plans were immediately made to build a new, fireproof immigration station. During the construction period, passenger arrivals were again processed at the Barge Office. Edward Lippincott Tilton and William A. Boring won the 1897 competition to design the first phase, including the Main Building (1897 -- 1900), Kitchen and Laundry Building (1900 -- 01), Main Powerhouse (1900 -- 01), and the Main Hospital Building (1900 -- 01).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Sky UK", "paragraph_text": "When Sky Digital was launched in 1998 the new service used the Astra 2A satellite which was located at the 28.5°E orbital position, unlike the analogue service which was broadcast from 19.2°E. This was subsequently followed by more Astra satellites as well as Eutelsat's Eurobird 1 (now Eutelsat 33C) at 28.5°E), enabled the company to launch a new all-digital service, Sky, with the potential to carry hundreds of television and radio channels. The old position was shared with broadcasters from several European countries, while the new position at 28.5°E came to be used almost exclusively for channels that broadcast to the United Kingdom.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Lath and plaster", "paragraph_text": "Lath and plaster is a building process used to finish mainly interior walls and ceilings in Canada and the United States until the late 1950s. After the 1950s, drywall began to replace the lath and plaster process in the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Sint-Maartenscollege", "paragraph_text": "The Sint-Maartenscollege (abbreviated as, and informally SMC) is a state secondary school in Maastricht, the Netherlands. It operates two buildings and offers all streams of the Dutch secondary education system including the VMBO, HAVO and VWO (Atheneum and Gymnasium).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Daguerreotype", "paragraph_text": "Invented by Louis - Jacques - Mandé Daguerre and introduced worldwide in 1839, daguerreotype was almost completely superseded by 1860 with new, less expensive processes yielding more readily viewable images. During the past few decades, there has been a small revival of daguerreotypy among photographers interested in making artistic use of early photographic processes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "The Death of Money", "paragraph_text": "The Death of Money is a 1993 book (and an article with the same title) by Joel Kurtzman, a former editor of \"Harvard Business Review\". Kurtzman uses the \"death of money\" to refer to a change in the economic nature of money in the United States following Richard Nixon's removal of US dollar from the gold standard (as in the Bretton Woods system), informally referred to as the Nixon shock.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Net-Centric Enterprise Services", "paragraph_text": "Net-Centric Enterprise Services (NCES) is a Department of Defense program, managed by the Defense Information Systems Agency, to develop information technology infrastructure services for future systems used by the United States military.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "Unicode has become the dominant scheme for internal processing and storage of text. Although a great deal of text is still stored in legacy encodings, Unicode is used almost exclusively for building new information processing systems. Early adopters tended to use UCS-2 (the fixed-width two-byte precursor to UTF-16) and later moved to UTF-16 (the variable-width current standard), as this was the least disruptive way to add support for non-BMP characters. The best known such system is Windows NT (and its descendants, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Vista and Windows 7), which uses UTF-16 as the sole internal character encoding. The Java and .NET bytecode environments, Mac OS X, and KDE also use it for internal representation. Unicode is available on Windows 95 through Microsoft Layer for Unicode, as well as on its descendants, Windows 98 and Windows ME.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Coat of arms of South Africa", "paragraph_text": "The design process was initiated when, in 1999, the Department of Arts, Culture, Science and Technology requested ideas for the new coat - of - arms from the public. A brief was then prepared based on the ideas received, along with input from the Cabinet. The Government Communication and Information System then approached Design South Africa to brief ten of the top designers. Three designers were chosen to present their concepts to the Cabinet. Iaan Bekker's design was chosen.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Systems development life cycle", "paragraph_text": "The product life cycle describes the process for building information systems in a very deliberate, structured and methodical way, reiterating each stage of the product's life. The systems development life cycle, according to Elliott & Strachan & Radford (2004), \"originated in the 1960s, to develop large scale functional business systems in an age of large scale business conglomerates. Information systems activities revolved around heavy data processing and number crunching routines\".Several systems development frameworks have been partly based on SDLC, such as the structured systems analysis and design method (SSADM) produced for the UK government Office of Government Commerce in the 1980s. Ever since, according to Elliott (2004), \"the traditional life cycle approaches to systems development have been increasingly replaced with alternative approaches and frameworks, which attempted to overcome some of the inherent deficiencies of the traditional SDLC\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "ALA-LC romanization", "paragraph_text": "The system is used to represent bibliographic information by North American libraries and the British Library (for acquisitions since 1975)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Windows 8", "paragraph_text": "Task Manager has been redesigned, including a new processes tab with the option to display fewer or more details of running applications and background processes, a heat map using different colors indicating the level of resource usage, network and disk counters, grouping by process type (e.g. applications, background processes and Windows processes), friendly names for processes and a new option which allows users to search the web to find information about obscure processes. Additionally, the Blue Screen of Death has been updated with a simpler and modern design with less technical information displayed.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Industrial Revolution", "paragraph_text": "The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840. This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, the increasing use of steam power, the development of machine tools and the rise of the factory system.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 25987, "question": "What is used almost exclusively for building new information processing systems?", "answer": "Unicode", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 }, { "id": 864388, "question": "#1 >> follows", "answer": "ISO 8859-1", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 } ]

[ "Latin-1" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Post-9/11 Veterans Educational Assistance Act of 2008", "paragraph_text": "The Post-9 / 11 Veterans Educational Assistance Act of 2008 is Title V of the Supplemental Appropriations Act of 2008, Pub. L. 110 -- 252, H.R. 2642, an Act of Congress which became law on June 30, 2008. The act amended Part III of Title 38, United States Code to include a new Chapter 33, which expands the educational benefits for military veterans who have served since September 11, 2001. At various times the new education benefits have been referred to as the Post-9 / 11 GI Bill, the 21st Century G.I. Bill of Rights, or the Webb G.I. Bill, with many current references calling it simply the new G.I. Bill. President George W. Bush signed H.R. 2642 into law on June 30, 2008.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Chapter 33 (G.I. Bill of Rights)", "paragraph_text": "In July 2008 the Post-9 / 11 GI Bill was signed into law, creating a new robust education benefits program rivaling the WWII Era GI Bill of Rights. The new Post 9 / 11 GI Bill, which goes into effect on August 1, 2009, will provide education benefits for servicemembers who have served on active duty for 90 or more days since Sept. 10, 2001. These benefits are tiered based on the number of days served on active duty, creating a benefit package that gives current and previously activated National Guard and Reserve members the same benefits as active duty servicemembers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Islamism", "paragraph_text": "After al-Nimeiry was overthrown in 1985 the party did poorly in national elections, but in 1989 it was able to overthrow the elected post-al-Nimeiry government with the help of the military. Turabi was noted for proclaiming his support for the democratic process and a liberal government before coming to power, but strict application of sharia law, torture and mass imprisonment of the opposition, and an intensification of the long-running war in southern Sudan, once in power. The NIF regime also harbored Osama bin Laden for a time (before 9/11), and worked to unify Islamist opposition to the American attack on Iraq in the 1991 Gulf War.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Civil Rights Act of 1964", "paragraph_text": "The Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Pub. L. 88 -- 352, 78 Stat. 241, enacted July 2, 1964) is a landmark civil rights and US labor law in the United States that outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex or national origin. It prohibited unequal application of voter registration requirements, racial segregation in schools, employment, and public accommodations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Civil Rights Act of 1866", "paragraph_text": "The Civil Rights Act of 1866, 14 Stat. 27 - 30, enacted April 9, 1866, was the first United States federal law to define citizenship and affirm that all citizens are equally protected by the law. It was mainly intended to protect the civil rights of persons of African descent born in or brought to the U.S., in the wake of the American Civil War. This legislation was enacted by Congress in 1865 but vetoed by President Andrew Johnson. In April 1866 Congress again passed the bill to support the Thirteenth Amendment. Although Johnson again vetoed it, a two - thirds majority in each chamber overcame the veto and the bill therefore became law.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Fe del Valle", "paragraph_text": "Fe del Valle Ramos (Remedios, Cuba, 9 August 1917 – 13 April 1961) was a Cuban civil rights activist, who died in the El Encanto fire, a terrorist attack in Havana.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Racial segregation in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Legal segregation of schools was stopped in the U.S. by federal enforcement of a series of Supreme Court decisions after Brown v. Board of Education in 1954. All legally enforced public segregation (segregation de jure) was abolished by the Civil Rights Act of 1964. It passed after demonstrations during the Civil Rights Movement resulted in public opinion turning against legally - enforced segregation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Civil Rights Act of 1991", "paragraph_text": "The 1991 Act combined elements from two different civil right acts of the past: the Civil Rights Act of 1866, better known by the number assigned to it in the codification of federal laws as Section 1981, and the employment - related provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, generally referred to as Title VII. The two statutes, passed nearly a century apart, approached the issue of employment discrimination very differently: Section 1981 prohibited only discrimination based on race or color, but Title VII also prohibited discrimination on the basis of sex, religion, and national origin. Section 1981, which had lain dormant and unenforced for a century after its passage, allowed plaintiffs to seek compensatory damages and trial by jury. Title VII, passed in the 1960s when it was assumed that Southern juries could not render a fair verdict, allowed only trial by the court and provided for only traditional equitable remedies: back pay, reinstatement, and injunctions against future acts of discrimination. By the time the 1991 Act was passed, both allowed for an award of attorneys fees.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps", "paragraph_text": "Nigeria Security and Civil Defence corps (NSCDC) is a paramilitary institution that was established in May 1967 by the Federal Republic of Nigeria, with the act of National Assembly (Nigeria). The act was amended in 2007, to enhance the statutory duties of the corp. Nigerian Security and Civil Defence Corps is a para-military agency of the Government of the Federal Republic of Nigeria that is commissioned to provide measures against threat and any form of attack or disaster against the nation and its citizenry. The corps is statutorily empowered by lay Act No. 2 of 2003 and amended by Act 6 of 4th June 2007.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "2004 United States presidential election", "paragraph_text": "Just eight months into his presidency, the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 suddenly transformed Bush into a wartime president. Bush's approval ratings surged to near 90%. Within a month, the forces of a coalition led by the United States entered Afghanistan, which had been sheltering Osama bin Laden, suspected mastermind of the September 11 attacks. By December, the Taliban had been removed as rulers of Kabul, although a long and ongoing reconstruction would follow, severely hampered by ongoing turmoil and violence within the country.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Voting Rights Act of 1965", "paragraph_text": "The Voting Rights Act of 1965 is a landmark piece of federal legislation in the United States that prohibits racial discrimination in voting. It was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson during the height of the Civil Rights Movement on August 6, 1965, and Congress later amended the Act five times to expand its protections. Designed to enforce the voting rights guaranteed by the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution, the Act secured voting rights for racial minorities throughout the country, especially in the South. According to the U.S. Department of Justice, the Act is considered to be the most effective piece of federal civil rights legislation ever enacted in the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Islamism", "paragraph_text": "These attacks resonated with conservative Muslims and the problem did not go away with Saddam's defeat either, since American troops remained stationed in the kingdom, and a de facto cooperation with the Palestinian-Israeli peace process developed. Saudi Arabia attempted to compensate for its loss of prestige among these groups by repressing those domestic Islamists who attacked it (bin Laden being a prime example), and increasing aid to Islamic groups (Islamist madrassas around the world and even aiding some violent Islamist groups) that did not, but its pre-war influence on behalf of moderation was greatly reduced. One result of this was a campaign of attacks on government officials and tourists in Egypt, a bloody civil war in Algeria and Osama bin Laden's terror attacks climaxing in the 9/11 attack.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Human Rights Act 1998", "paragraph_text": "The Human Rights Act 1998 (c42) is an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom which received Royal Assent on 9 November 1998, and mostly came into force on 2 October 2000. Its aim was to incorporate into UK law the rights contained in the European Convention on Human Rights. The Act makes a remedy for breach of a Convention right available in UK courts, without the need to go to the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) in Strasbourg.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Voting Rights Act of 1965", "paragraph_text": "The Voting Rights Act of 1965 is a landmark piece of federal legislation in the United States that prohibits racial discrimination in voting. It was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson during the height of the Civil Rights Movement on August 6, 1965, and Congress later amended the Act five times to expand its protections. Designed to enforce the voting rights guaranteed by the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution, the Act secured the right to vote for racial minorities throughout the country, especially in the South. According to the U.S. Department of Justice, the Act is considered to be the most effective piece of federal civil rights legislation ever enacted in the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "British passport", "paragraph_text": "Safe conduct documents, usually notes signed by the monarch, were issued to foreigners as well as English subjects in medieval times. They were first mentioned in an Act of Parliament, the Safe Conducts Act in 1414. Between 1540 and 1685, the Privy Council issued passports, although they were still signed by the monarch until the reign of Charles II when the Secretary of State could sign them instead. The Secretary of State signed all passports in place of the monarch from 1794 onwards, at which time formal records started to be kept.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Meridian (novel)", "paragraph_text": "Meridian is a 1976 novel by American author Alice Walker. It has been described as Walker's \"meditation on the modern civil rights movement.\" \"Meridian\" is about Meridian Hill, a young black woman in the late 1960s who is attending college as she embraces the civil rights movement at a time when the movement becomes violent. The story follows her life into the 1970s through a relationship that ultimately fails, and her continued efforts to support the movement.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Federal Bureau of Investigation", "paragraph_text": "During the September 11, 2001 attacks on the World Trade Center, FBI agent Leonard W. Hatton Jr. was killed during the rescue effort while helping the rescue personnel evacuate the occupants of the South Tower and stayed when it collapsed. Within months after the attacks, FBI Director Robert Mueller, who had been sworn in a week before the attacks, called for a re-engineering of FBI structure and operations. He made countering every federal crime a top priority, including the prevention of terrorism, countering foreign intelligence operations, addressing cyber security threats, other high-tech crimes, protecting civil rights, combating public corruption, organized crime, white-collar crime, and major acts of violent crime.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Bill of Rights 1689", "paragraph_text": "The Bill of Rights, also known as the English Bill of Rights, is an Act of the Parliament of England that deals with constitutional matters and sets out certain basic civil rights. It received the Royal Assent on 16 December 1689 and is a restatement in statutory form of the Declaration of Right presented by the Convention Parliament to William III and Mary II in February 1689, inviting them to become joint sovereigns of England. The Bill of Rights lays down limits on the powers of the monarch and sets out the rights of Parliament, including the requirement for regular parliaments, free elections, and freedom of speech in Parliament. It sets out certain rights of individuals including the prohibition of cruel and unusual punishment and reestablished Protestants to have arms for their defence within the rule of law. Furthermore, the Bill of Rights described and condemned several misdeeds of James II of England.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Dwight D. Eisenhower", "paragraph_text": "Eisenhower told District of Columbia officials to make Washington a model for the rest of the country in integrating black and white public school children. He proposed to Congress the Civil Rights Act of 1957 and of 1960 and signed those acts into law. The 1957 act for the first time established a permanent civil rights office inside the Justice Department and a Civil Rights Commission to hear testimony about abuses of voting rights. Although both acts were much weaker than subsequent civil rights legislation, they constituted the first significant civil rights acts since 1875.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Civil Rights Act of 1991", "paragraph_text": "President Bush had used his veto against the more comprehensive Civil Rights Act of 1990. He feared racial quotas would be imposed but later approved the 1991 version of the bill.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 92103, "question": "who signed the civil rights act of 1991", "answer": "Bush", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 }, { "id": 29312, "question": "Did #1 become disfavorable during the time of the 9/11 attacks?", "answer": "surged to near 90%", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "Originally based on the English alphabet, ASCII encodes 128 specified characters into seven-bit integers as shown by the ASCII chart on the right. The characters encoded are numbers 0 to 9, lowercase letters a to z, uppercase letters A to Z, basic punctuation symbols, control codes that originated with Teletype machines, and a space. For example, lowercase j would become binary 1101010 and decimal 106. ASCII includes definitions for 128 characters: 33 are non-printing control characters (many now obsolete) that affect how text and space are processed and 95 printable characters, including the space (which is considered an invisible graphic:223).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "ASCII (i/ˈæski/ ASS-kee), abbreviated from American Standard Code for Information Interchange, is a character-encoding scheme (the IANA prefers the name US-ASCII). ASCII codes represent text in computers, communications equipment, and other devices that use text. Most modern character-encoding schemes are based on ASCII, though they support many additional characters. ASCII was the most common character encoding on the World Wide Web until December 2007, when it was surpassed by UTF-8, which is fully backward compatibe to ASCII.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Hokkien", "paragraph_text": "All Latin characters required by Pe̍h-ōe-jī can be represented using Unicode (or the corresponding ISO/IEC 10646: Universal Character Set), using precomposed or combining (diacritics) characters. Prior to June 2004, the vowel akin to but more open than o, written with a dot above right, was not encoded. The usual workaround was to use the (stand-alone; spacing) character Interpunct (U+00B7, ·) or less commonly the combining character dot above (U+0307). As these are far from ideal, since 1997 proposals have been submitted to the ISO/IEC working group in charge of ISO/IEC 10646—namely, ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2—to encode a new combining character dot above right. This is now officially assigned to U+0358 (see documents N1593, N2507, N2628, N2699, and N2713). Font support is expected to follow.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Telephone numbers in Australia", "paragraph_text": "When dialling from outside Australia, after dialling the appropriate International Access Code it is necessary to dial the Country Code for Australia (61) followed by the nine digit ``National 'Significant' Number ''. (The + symbol is used to represent International Access Code, e.g. + 61 3 xxxx xxxx for a number in Victoria / Tasmania or + 61 4xx xxx xxx for a`` Mobile'' number). Some numbers beginning with a 1 may be dialled without any replacement, after dialling the required International Access Code and the Country Code for Australia (+ 61). (see below)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "Thousands of fonts exist on the market, but fewer than a dozen fonts—sometimes described as \"pan-Unicode\" fonts—attempt to support the majority of Unicode's character repertoire. Instead, Unicode-based fonts typically focus on supporting only basic ASCII and particular scripts or sets of characters or symbols. Several reasons justify this approach: applications and documents rarely need to render characters from more than one or two writing systems; fonts tend to demand resources in computing environments; and operating systems and applications show increasing intelligence in regard to obtaining glyph information from separate font files as needed, i.e., font substitution. Furthermore, designing a consistent set of rendering instructions for tens of thousands of glyphs constitutes a monumental task; such a venture passes the point of diminishing returns for most typefaces.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Null-terminated string", "paragraph_text": "In computer programming, a null-terminated string is a character string stored as an array containing the characters and terminated with a null character (codice_1, called NUL in ASCII). Alternative names are C string, which refers to the C programming language and ASCIIZ (although C can use encodings other than ASCII).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "Probably the most influential single device on the interpretation of these characters was the Teletype Model 33 ASR, which was a printing terminal with an available paper tape reader/punch option. Paper tape was a very popular medium for long-term program storage until the 1980s, less costly and in some ways less fragile than magnetic tape. In particular, the Teletype Model 33 machine assignments for codes 17 (Control-Q, DC1, also known as XON), 19 (Control-S, DC3, also known as XOFF), and 127 (Delete) became de facto standards. The Model 33 was also notable for taking the description of Control-G (BEL, meaning audibly alert the operator) literally as the unit contained an actual bell which it rang when it received a BEL character. Because the keytop for the O key also showed a left-arrow symbol (from ASCII-1963, which had this character instead of underscore), a noncompliant use of code 15 (Control-O, Shift In) interpreted as \"delete previous character\" was also adopted by many early timesharing systems but eventually became neglected.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "The X3.2 subcommittee designed ASCII based on the earlier teleprinter encoding systems. Like other character encodings, ASCII specifies a correspondence between digital bit patterns and character symbols (i.e. graphemes and control characters). This allows digital devices to communicate with each other and to process, store, and communicate character-oriented information such as written language. Before ASCII was developed, the encodings in use included 26 alphabetic characters, 10 numerical digits, and from 11 to 25 special graphic symbols. To include all these, and control characters compatible with the Comité Consultatif International Téléphonique et Télégraphique (CCITT) International Telegraph Alphabet No. 2 (ITA2) standard, Fieldata, and early EBCDIC, more than 64 codes were required for ASCII.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "With the other special characters and control codes filled in, ASCII was published as ASA X3.4-1963, leaving 28 code positions without any assigned meaning, reserved for future standardization, and one unassigned control code.:66, 245 There was some debate at the time whether there should be more control characters rather than the lowercase alphabet.:435 The indecision did not last long: during May 1963 the CCITT Working Party on the New Telegraph Alphabet proposed to assign lowercase characters to columns 6 and 7, and International Organization for Standardization TC 97 SC 2 voted during October to incorporate the change into its draft standard. The X3.2.4 task group voted its approval for the change to ASCII at its May 1963 meeting. Locating the lowercase letters in columns 6 and 7 caused the characters to differ in bit pattern from the upper case by a single bit, which simplified case-insensitive character matching and the construction of keyboards and printers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Prime number", "paragraph_text": "are prime for any natural number n. Here represents the floor function, i.e., largest integer not greater than the number in question. The latter formula can be shown using Bertrand's postulate (proven first by Chebyshev), which states that there always exists at least one prime number p with n < p < 2n − 2, for any natural number n > 3. However, computing A or μ requires the knowledge of infinitely many primes to begin with. Another formula is based on Wilson's theorem and generates the number 2 many times and all other primes exactly once.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "Unicode can be implemented by different character encodings. The most commonly used encodings are UTF-8, UTF-16 and the now-obsolete UCS-2. UTF-8 uses one byte for any ASCII character, all of which have the same code values in both UTF-8 and ASCII encoding, and up to four bytes for other characters. UCS-2 uses a 16-bit code unit (two 8-bit bytes) for each character but cannot encode every character in the current Unicode standard. UTF-16 extends UCS-2, using one 16-bit unit for the characters that were representable in UCS-2 and two 16-bit units (4 × 8 bits) to handle each of the additional characters.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "Other international standards bodies have ratified character encodings such as ISO/IEC 646 that are identical or nearly identical to ASCII, with extensions for characters outside the English alphabet and symbols used outside the United States, such as the symbol for the United Kingdom's pound sterling (£). Almost every country needed an adapted version of ASCII, since ASCII suited the needs of only the USA and a few other countries. For example, Canada had its own version that supported French characters. Other adapted encodings include ISCII (India), VISCII (Vietnam), and YUSCII (Yugoslavia). Although these encodings are sometimes referred to as ASCII, true ASCII is defined strictly only by the ANSI standard.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "ASCII was incorporated into the Unicode character set as the first 128 symbols, so the 7-bit ASCII characters have the same numeric codes in both sets. This allows UTF-8 to be backward compatible with 7-bit ASCII, as a UTF-8 file containing only ASCII characters is identical to an ASCII file containing the same sequence of characters. Even more importantly, forward compatibility is ensured as software that recognizes only 7-bit ASCII characters as special and does not alter bytes with the highest bit set (as is often done to support 8-bit ASCII extensions such as ISO-8859-1) will preserve UTF-8 data unchanged.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "From early in its development, ASCII was intended to be just one of several national variants of an international character code standard, ultimately published as ISO/IEC 646 (1972), which would share most characters in common but assign other locally useful characters to several code points reserved for \"national use.\" However, the four years that elapsed between the publication of ASCII-1963 and ISO's first acceptance of an international recommendation during 1967 caused ASCII's choices for the national use characters to seem to be de facto standards for the world, causing confusion and incompatibility once other countries did begin to make their own assignments to these code points.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "For example, character 10 represents the \"line feed\" function (which causes a printer to advance its paper), and character 8 represents \"backspace\". RFC 2822 refers to control characters that do not include carriage return, line feed or white space as non-whitespace control characters. Except for the control characters that prescribe elementary line-oriented formatting, ASCII does not define any mechanism for describing the structure or appearance of text within a document. Other schemes, such as markup languages, address page and document layout and formatting.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "MIME defines two different mechanisms for encoding non-ASCII characters in email, depending on whether the characters are in email headers (such as the \"Subject:\"), or in the text body of the message; in both cases, the original character set is identified as well as a transfer encoding. For email transmission of Unicode the UTF-8 character set and the Base64 or the Quoted-printable transfer encoding are recommended, depending on whether much of the message consists of ASCII-characters. The details of the two different mechanisms are specified in the MIME standards and generally are hidden from users of email software.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Baudot code", "paragraph_text": "The Baudot code , invented by Émile Baudot, is a character set predating EBCDIC and ASCII. It was the predecessor to the International Telegraph Alphabet No. 2 (ITA2), the teleprinter code in use until the advent of ASCII. Each character in the alphabet is represented by a series of five bits, sent over a communication channel such as a telegraph wire or a radio signal. The symbol rate measurement is known as baud, and is derived from the same name.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Sanskrit", "paragraph_text": "Since the late 18th century, Sanskrit has been transliterated using the Latin alphabet. The system most commonly used today is the IAST (International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration), which has been the academic standard since 1888. ASCII-based transliteration schemes have also evolved because of difficulties representing Sanskrit characters in computer systems. These include Harvard-Kyoto and ITRANS, a transliteration scheme that is used widely on the Internet, especially in Usenet and in email, for considerations of speed of entry as well as rendering issues. With the wide availability of Unicode-aware web browsers, IAST has become common online. It is also possible to type using an alphanumeric keyboard and transliterate to Devanagari using software like Mac OS X's international support.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Unicode", "paragraph_text": "The set of graphic and format characters defined by Unicode does not correspond directly to the repertoire of abstract characters that is representable under Unicode. Unicode encodes characters by associating an abstract character with a particular code point. However, not all abstract characters are encoded as a single Unicode character, and some abstract characters may be represented in Unicode by a sequence of two or more characters. For example, a Latin small letter \"i\" with an ogonek, a dot above, and an acute accent, which is required in Lithuanian, is represented by the character sequence U+012F, U+0307, U+0301. Unicode maintains a list of uniquely named character sequences for abstract characters that are not directly encoded in Unicode.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Somali Latin alphabet", "paragraph_text": "The Somali Latin alphabet is an official writing script in the Federal Republic of Somalia and its constituent Federal Member States. It was developed by the Somali linguist Shire Jama Ahmed specifically for transcribing the Somali language, and is based on the Latin script. The Somali Latin alphabet uses all letters of the English Latin alphabet except \"p\", \"v\" and \"z\". There are no diacritics or other special characters, although it includes three consonant digraphs: DH, KH and SH. Tone is not marked and a word-initial glottal stop is also not shown. Capital letters are used for names and at the beginning of a sentence.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 19013, "question": "All LAtin characters required by POJ can be represented by what?", "answer": "Unicode", "paragraph_support_idx": 2 }, { "id": 13399, "question": "How many of the symbols are the same in the beginning of the ASCII and #1 ?", "answer": "128 symbols", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Voting Rights Act of 1965", "paragraph_text": "The Voting Rights Act of 1965 is a landmark piece of federal legislation in the United States that prohibits racial discrimination in voting. It was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson during the height of the Civil Rights Movement on August 6, 1965, and Congress later amended the Act five times to expand its protections. Designed to enforce the voting rights guaranteed by the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution, the Act secured the right to vote for racial minorities throughout the country, especially in the South. According to the U.S. Department of Justice, the Act is considered to be the most effective piece of federal civil rights legislation ever enacted in the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "2004 United States presidential election", "paragraph_text": "Bush focused his campaign on national security, presenting himself as a decisive leader and contrasted Kerry as a \"flip-flopper.\" This strategy was designed to convey to American voters the idea that Bush could be trusted to be tough on terrorism while Kerry would be \"uncertain in the face of danger.\" Bush (just as his father did with Dukakis in the 1988 election) also sought to portray Kerry as a \"Massachusetts liberal\" who was out of touch with mainstream Americans. One of Kerry's slogans was \"Stronger at home, respected in the world.\" This advanced the suggestion that Kerry would pay more attention to domestic concerns; it also encapsulated Kerry's contention that Bush had alienated American allies by his foreign policy.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Delhi", "paragraph_text": "The States Reorganisation Act, 1956 and the States Reorganisation Act, 1956 created the Union Territory of Delhi from the its predecessor the Chief Commissioner's Province of Delhi. The Constitution (Sixty - ninth Amendment) Act, 1991 declared the Union Territory of Delhi to be formally known as the National Capital Territory of Delhi. The Act gave Delhi its own legislative assembly along Civil lines, though with limited powers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Ella Pamfilova", "paragraph_text": "Ella Aleksandrovna Pamfilova (Элла Александровна Памфилова; born 12 September 1953, Almalyk) is a Russian politician, former deputy of the State Duma, candidate for president in 2000 and former chairman (2004 - 2010) of the Civil Society Institution and Human Rights Council of the Russian Federation. On 18 March 2014 she became Russia's Commissioner for Human Rights, succeeding Vladimir Lukin. On 28 March 2016 she became the chair of the Central Election Commission of Russia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Civil Rights Act of 1964", "paragraph_text": "The Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Pub. L. 88 -- 352, 78 Stat. 241, enacted July 2, 1964) is a landmark civil rights and US labor law in the United States that outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex or national origin. It prohibited unequal application of voter registration requirements, racial segregation in schools, employment, and public accommodations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Dwight D. Eisenhower", "paragraph_text": "Eisenhower told District of Columbia officials to make Washington a model for the rest of the country in integrating black and white public school children. He proposed to Congress the Civil Rights Act of 1957 and of 1960 and signed those acts into law. The 1957 act for the first time established a permanent civil rights office inside the Justice Department and a Civil Rights Commission to hear testimony about abuses of voting rights. Although both acts were much weaker than subsequent civil rights legislation, they constituted the first significant civil rights acts since 1875.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "I Have a Dream", "paragraph_text": "``I Have a Dream ''is a public speech delivered by American civil rights activist Martin Luther King Jr. during the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom on August 28, 1963, in which he calls for an end to racism in the United States and called for civil and economic rights. Delivered to over 250,000 civil rights supporters from the steps of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C., the speech was a defining moment of the civil rights movement.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Bermuda", "paragraph_text": "Homosexuality was decriminalised in Bermuda with the passage of the Stubbs Bill in May 1994. Legislation was introduced by Private Members Bill by PLP MP Wayne Furbert to amend the Human Rights Act of Bermuda to disallow Same Sex Marriage under the Act in February 2016. The OBA government simultaneously introduced a bill to permit Civil Unions. Both measures were in response to a decision by His Hon Mr. Justice Ian Kawaley, Chief Justice of Bermuda's earlier ruling that same sex spouses of Bermuda citizens could not be denied basic Human Rights.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Courts of the Republic of Ireland", "paragraph_text": "Judges are appointed by the President of Ireland, acting on the binding advice of the Government. The Government themselves act on the advice of the Judicial Appointments Advisory Board who submit a list of seven recommended candidates. However the government are not bound to follow the advice of the Board and may decide to appoint other qualified individuals. The Board advertises vacant positions but does not seek out candidates or conduct interviews.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Civil Rights Act of 1866", "paragraph_text": "The Civil Rights Act of 1866, 14 Stat. 27 - 30, enacted April 9, 1866, was the first United States federal law to define citizenship and affirm that all citizens are equally protected by the law. It was mainly intended to protect the civil rights of persons of African descent born in or brought to the U.S., in the wake of the American Civil War. This legislation was enacted by Congress in 1865 but vetoed by President Andrew Johnson. In April 1866 Congress again passed the bill to support the Thirteenth Amendment. Although Johnson again vetoed it, a two - thirds majority in each chamber overcame the veto and the bill therefore became law.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Tougher Than Nails (song)", "paragraph_text": "\"Tougher Than Nails\" is a song written by Phil O'Donnell, Kendell Marvel and Max T. Barnes, and recorded by American country music artist Joe Diffie. It was released in May 2004 as the first single and title track from the album \"Tougher Than Nails\". The song reached number 19 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Maternity leave in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Maternity leave in the United States is regulated by US labor law. There is a right to a temporary and unpaid period of absence from employment granted to expectant or new mothers during the months immediately before and after childbirth. These policies are generally aimed at supporting the mother's full recovery from childbirth and facilitating a stronger mother - child bond. The Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 (FMLA) requires 12 weeks of unpaid leave annually for most mothers of newborn or newly adopted children.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Racial segregation in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Legal segregation of schools was stopped in the U.S. by federal enforcement of a series of Supreme Court decisions after Brown v. Board of Education in 1954. All legally enforced public segregation (segregation de jure) was abolished by the Civil Rights Act of 1964. It passed after demonstrations during the Civil Rights Movement resulted in public opinion turning against legally - enforced segregation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Federal Bureau of Investigation", "paragraph_text": "The FBI's chief tool against organized crime is the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) Act. The FBI is also charged with the responsibility of enforcing compliance of the United States Civil Rights Act of 1964 and investigating violations of the act in addition to prosecuting such violations with the United States Department of Justice (DOJ). The FBI also shares concurrent jurisdiction with the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) in the enforcement of the Controlled Substances Act of 1970.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Civil Rights Act of 1991", "paragraph_text": "President Bush had used his veto against the more comprehensive Civil Rights Act of 1990. He feared racial quotas would be imposed but later approved the 1991 version of the bill.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Civil rights movement", "paragraph_text": "Several whites who had opposed the Voting Rights Act paid a quick price. In 1966 Sheriff Jim Clark of Selma, Alabama, infamous for using cattle prods against civil rights marchers, was up for reelection. Although he took off the notorious \"Never\" pin on his uniform, he was defeated. At the election, Clark lost as blacks voted to get him out of office.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Canadian Human Rights Commission", "paragraph_text": "The Canadian Human Rights Commission (CHRC) was established in 1977 by the government of Canada. It is empowered under the \"Canadian Human Rights Act\" to investigate and try to settle complaints of discrimination in employment and in the provision of services within federal jurisdiction. The CHRC is also empowered under the \"Employment Equity Act\" to ensure that federally regulated employers provide equal opportunities for four designated groups: women, Aboriginal people, the disabled and visible minorities. The CHRC helps enforce these human rights and inform the general public and employers of these rights.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Voting Rights Act of 1965", "paragraph_text": "The Voting Rights Act of 1965 is a landmark piece of federal legislation in the United States that prohibits racial discrimination in voting. It was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson during the height of the Civil Rights Movement on August 6, 1965, and Congress later amended the Act five times to expand its protections. Designed to enforce the voting rights guaranteed by the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution, the Act secured voting rights for racial minorities throughout the country, especially in the South. According to the U.S. Department of Justice, the Act is considered to be the most effective piece of federal civil rights legislation ever enacted in the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Highway Patrol 2", "paragraph_text": "Highway Patrol 2 is a vehicle simulation and racing game developed by Microïds in 1991. In this game, the player is a police officer trying to capture runaways before they reach the border of the state. The game begins with choosing a target, each one with different rewards: the tougher the criminal, the higher the reward will be. The game is played in a first-person view, with a map and a compass to help in locating the criminal. To arrest him, players may choose to use the soft way (siren), or the hard way (shotgun).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Tim Coco", "paragraph_text": "Timothy John \"Tim\" Coco (born April 30, 1961) is an American business executive, Internet radio pioneer and civil rights activist. He founded COCO+CO., Inc. in 1991 and continues to lead the advertising agency as president and chief executive officer. He gained international notoriety between 2007 and 2010 when he fought—ultimately successful—to be reunited with his same sex spouse when the United States' Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) separated them.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 92103, "question": "who signed the civil rights act of 1991", "answer": "Bush", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 }, { "id": 29344, "question": "How did #1 try to convey that he was the stronger, tougher candidate?", "answer": "presenting himself as a decisive leader and contrasted Kerry as a \"flip-flopper.\"", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Journal of Applied Physics", "paragraph_text": "The Journal of Applied Physics is a peer - reviewed scientific journal with a focus on the physics of modern technology. The journal was originally established in 1931 under the name of Physics, and was published by the American Physical Society for its first 7 volumes. In January 1937, ownership was transferred to the American Institute of Physics ``in line with the efforts of the American Physical Society to enhance the standing of physics as a profession ''. The journal's current editor - in - chief is André Anders (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory). According to the 2015 Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2016 impact factor of 2.068.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "University of Chicago", "paragraph_text": "The university operates 12 research institutes and 113 research centers on campus. Among these are the Oriental Institute—a museum and research center for Near Eastern studies owned and operated by the university—and a number of National Resource Centers, including the Center for Middle Eastern Studies. Chicago also operates or is affiliated with a number of research institutions apart from the university proper. The university partially manages Argonne National Laboratory, part of the United States Department of Energy's national laboratory system, and has a joint stake in Fermilab, a nearby particle physics laboratory, as well as a stake in the Apache Point Observatory in Sunspot, New Mexico. Faculty and students at the adjacent Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago collaborate with the university, In 2013, the university announced that it was affiliating the formerly independent Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Mass. Although formally unrelated, the National Opinion Research Center is located on Chicago's campus.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Fiodar Fiodaraŭ", "paragraph_text": "He took an active part in the organization of the Institute of Physics and Mathematics of the Belarus Science Academy, and was the leader of one of the four major laboratories there (the laboratory of theoretical physics) until 1987.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Gurbaj Singh", "paragraph_text": "He is a gifted midfielder and plays in the right-half position. Gurbaj made his India debut in 2006 at the Asian Games in Doha, Qatar. He represented India at the 2010 World Cup in New Delhi, 2010 Commonwealth Games in New Delhi, the 2010 Asian Games in Guangzhou, China, and the 2012 London Olympics.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Applied Physics Laboratory Ice Station", "paragraph_text": "The Applied Physics Laboratory Ice Station 2007 (APLIS07) is a U.S.A. and Japanese laboratory dedicated to the study of global climate change, located about 300 km south of the Arctic Circle, Alaska on the West Ridge of the University of Alaska Fairbanks campus.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Sport in Iran", "paragraph_text": "Many sports in Iran are both traditional and modern. Tehran, for example, was the first city in West Asia to host the Asian Games in 1974, and continues to host and participate in major international sporting events to this day. Freestyle wrestling has been traditionally regarded as Iran's national sport, however today, football is the most popular sport in Iran. Because of economic sanctions, the annual government's budget for sport was about $80 million in 2010 or about $1 per person.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Hyderabad", "paragraph_text": "The most popular sports played in Hyderabad are cricket and association football. At the professional level, the city has hosted national and international sports events such as the 2002 National Games of India, the 2003 Afro-Asian Games, the 2004 AP Tourism Hyderabad Open women's tennis tournament, the 2007 Military World Games, the 2009 World Badminton Championships and the 2009 IBSF World Snooker Championship. The city hosts a number of venues suitable for professional competition such as the Swarnandhra Pradesh Sports Complex for field hockey, the G. M. C. Balayogi Stadium in Gachibowli for athletics and football, and for cricket, the Lal Bahadur Shastri Stadium and Rajiv Gandhi International Cricket Stadium, home ground of the Hyderabad Cricket Association. Hyderabad has hosted many international cricket matches, including matches in the 1987 and the 1996 ICC Cricket World Cups. The Hyderabad cricket team represents the city in the Ranji Trophy—a first-class cricket tournament among India's states and cities. Hyderabad is also home to the Indian Premier League franchise Sunrisers Hyderabad. A previous franchise was the Deccan Chargers, which won the 2009 Indian Premier League held in South Africa.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "India at the Commonwealth Games", "paragraph_text": "India has competed in fourteen of the eighteen previous Commonwealth Games; starting at the second Games in 1934. India has also hosted the games one time.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Commonwealth Games", "paragraph_text": "The 2010 Commonwealth Games were held in Delhi, India. The Games cost $11 billion and are the most expensive Commonwealth Games ever. It was the first time that the Commonwealth Games were held in India, also the first time that a Commonwealth Republic hosted the games and the second time they were held in Asia after Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia in 1998. A total of 6,081 athletes from 71 Commonwealth nations and dependencies competed in 21 sports and 272 events. The final medal tally was led by Australia. The host nation India achieved its best performance ever in any sporting event, finishing second overall. Rwanda made its Games debut.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "The city hosted the 2010 Commonwealth Games and annually hosts Delhi Half Marathon foot-race. The city has previously hosted the 1951 Asian Games and the 1982 Asian Games. New Delhi was interested in bidding for the 2019 Asian Games but was turned down by the government on 2 August 2010 amid allegations of corruption in 2010 Commonwealth Games .", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "National Physical Laboratory of India", "paragraph_text": "The National Physical Laboratory of India, situated in New Delhi, is the measurement standards laboratory of India. It maintains standards of SI units in India and calibrates the national standards of weights and measures.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "India at the Asian Games", "paragraph_text": "New Delhi, the national capital of India, has hosted the Asian Games on two occasions: the inaugural 1951 Asian Games and the 1982 Asian Games.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Yousuf Khan (footballer)", "paragraph_text": "Yousuf Khan (5 August 1937 – 1 July 2006) was an Indian footballer who represented India national team at the 1960 Summer Olympics. He was one of only two Indians to have been included in the 1965 Asian All Stars XI. He was also a part of the team that won gold at the 1962 Asian Games.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Kamaljeet Sandhu", "paragraph_text": "Kamaljeet Sandhu is a former woman Indian athlete who won gold medal at 1970 Bangkok Asian Games in 400 m race. She ran the distance in 57.3 seconds. She was the first Indian woman athlete to win gold medal at any Asian games. She hails from Punjab state in India. She received Padma Shri award in 1971. In 1971, she was one of the finalists in the World University Games held at Turin, Italy, in 400 metres race. She participated in the Women's 400 metres at the 1972 Munich Olympics, bowing out in the heats. Kamaljeet retired from athletics in 1973. She was also a national - level basketball and inter-varsity hockey player. She went to the 1982 Asian Games as the coach of the Indian women's sprint team.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Alenush Terian", "paragraph_text": "Teriān graduated in 1947 in the Science Department of University of Tehran. She began her career in the physics laboratory of this university and was elected the chief of laboratory operations in the same year.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Pansanttom Venkatesh", "paragraph_text": "Venkatesh played for East Bengal F.C. during his professional career. Venkatesh was capped for India for the gold-medal winning 1951 Asian Games India squad. He also went on the play in the 1952 Summer Olympics with India.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "2010 Commonwealth Games", "paragraph_text": "The 2010 Commonwealth Games, officially known as the XIX Commonwealth Games, were held in Delhi, India, from 3 to 14 October 2010. A total of 6,081 athletes from 71 Commonwealth nations and dependencies competed in 21 sports and 272 events, making it the largest Commonwealth Games to date. It was also the largest international multi-sport event to be staged in Delhi and India, eclipsing the Asian Games in 1951 and 1982. The opening and closing ceremonies were held at the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, the main stadium of the event. It was the first time that the Commonwealth Games were held in India and the second time they were held in Asia after Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia in 1998. It was also the first time a Commonwealth Republic hosted the games, second in a country not presently headed by British monarch since Malaysia in 1998. The official mascot of the Games was Shera and the official song of the Games, ``Jiyo Utho Bado Jeeto '', was composed by celebrated Indian musician A.R. Rahman.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Kim Won-jin (fencer)", "paragraph_text": "Kim Won-jin (born August 24, 1984, Seoul) is a South Korean épée fencer who currently coaches at the Seoul Physical Education High School . Kim Won-jin has placed in the top 8 at many international events, winning both the Asian Games and Asian Championships twice. He won the 2006 Asian Games in the men's individual épée. He says the inspirational figure in his life is Shim Jae-sung, another South Korean épéeist.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Khelo India Youth Games", "paragraph_text": "Khelo India School Games (KISG), meaning Play India School Games, held annually beginning from 31 January 2018, are the national level multidisciplinary grassroot games in India for the under - 17 years school kids. Every year best 1000 kids will be given an annual scholarship of INR500, 000 for 8 years to prepare them for the international sporting events.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "1958 Asian Games", "paragraph_text": "A record total of 1,820 athletes representing 20 member nations of the Asian Games Federation participated in the Games. The number of participating countries was also greatest in comparison to the first two editions of the Games.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 45290, "question": "where is the national physical laboratory located in india", "answer": "in New Delhi", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 }, { "id": 11226, "question": "#1 first hosted the Asian Games in what year?", "answer": "1951", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Yousuf Khan (footballer)", "paragraph_text": "Yousuf Khan (5 August 1937 – 1 July 2006) was an Indian footballer who represented India national team at the 1960 Summer Olympics. He was one of only two Indians to have been included in the 1965 Asian All Stars XI. He was also a part of the team that won gold at the 1962 Asian Games.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "A. Palanisamy", "paragraph_text": "A. Palanisamy (died 12 November 2007) was a volleyball player from Tamil Nadu, India. He represented the country in the Asian Games in early 60's. He hailed from Kallampatti near Melur, Madurai district, Tamil Nadu. He was nicknamed as Black Panther because of his ferocious attacks in 1962 Asian games held in Jakarta. He was named Asia's No 1 player in 1962. He was the first player to receive the Arjuna Award in 1961 in the volleyball category. He was the coach for Sivaganga district in Tamil Nadu before retiring in 1998.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Gurbaj Singh", "paragraph_text": "He is a gifted midfielder and plays in the right-half position. Gurbaj made his India debut in 2006 at the Asian Games in Doha, Qatar. He represented India at the 2010 World Cup in New Delhi, 2010 Commonwealth Games in New Delhi, the 2010 Asian Games in Guangzhou, China, and the 2012 London Olympics.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "National Physical Laboratory of India", "paragraph_text": "The National Physical Laboratory of India, situated in New Delhi, is the measurement standards laboratory of India. It maintains standards of SI units in India and calibrates the national standards of weights and measures.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Applied Physics Laboratory Ice Station", "paragraph_text": "The Applied Physics Laboratory Ice Station 2007 (APLIS07) is a U.S.A. and Japanese laboratory dedicated to the study of global climate change, located about 300 km south of the Arctic Circle, Alaska on the West Ridge of the University of Alaska Fairbanks campus.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Pankaj Advani", "paragraph_text": "Pankaj Arjan Advani (born 24 July 1985 in Pune) is an Indian English billiards and snooker player. In recognition of his achievements, the Government of India has bestowed several awards upon Advani: the Arjuna Award in 2004, Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna in 2006, and Padma Shri in 2009. He has achieved a hat - trick of hat - tricks in English billiards, holding the World, Asian, and Indian National Championship titles simultaneously, in three different years: 2005, 2008 and 2012 and recently in 2017. He became a snooker professional only in 2012, and his first season on the main tour was the 2012 / 2013 season. Advani won the 2014 IBSF World 6 - Red Snooker Championship, on his debut in that discipline. He is the only player ever to win world titles in both the long and short formats of snooker (15 - red standard, and 6 - red) and both formats of English billiards (time and point). Advani is also India's first world champion in 6 - red snooker. On 14 August 2014, Advani helped win the first ever World Team Billiards Championship held in Glasgow, Scotland, along with Rupesh Shan, Devendra Joshi and Ashok Shandilya. On 2nd February 2017, Pankaj Advani won his 29th National Championship Title at the PYC Hindu Gymkhana in Pune, India. This gave him a 39 match - winning streak. Overall, Pankaj Advani has won 58 gold: World Titles = 18; Asian Titles = 8; Asian Games = 2; Australian Open = 1; National Titles = 29.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Golf at the 2002 Asian Games – Women's team", "paragraph_text": "The women's team competition at the 2002 Asian Games in Busan was held from 3 October to 6 October at the Asiad Country Club.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Alenush Terian", "paragraph_text": "Teriān graduated in 1947 in the Science Department of University of Tehran. She began her career in the physics laboratory of this university and was elected the chief of laboratory operations in the same year.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Fiodar Fiodaraŭ", "paragraph_text": "He took an active part in the organization of the Institute of Physics and Mathematics of the Belarus Science Academy, and was the leader of one of the four major laboratories there (the laboratory of theoretical physics) until 1987.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Kamaljeet Sandhu", "paragraph_text": "Kamaljeet Sandhu is a former woman Indian athlete who won gold medal at 1970 Bangkok Asian Games in 400 m race. She ran the distance in 57.3 seconds. She was the first Indian woman athlete to win gold medal at any Asian games. She hails from Punjab state in India. She received Padma Shri award in 1971. In 1971, she was one of the finalists in the World University Games held at Turin, Italy, in 400 metres race. She participated in the Women's 400 metres at the 1972 Munich Olympics, bowing out in the heats. Kamaljeet retired from athletics in 1973. She was also a national - level basketball and inter-varsity hockey player. She went to the 1982 Asian Games as the coach of the Indian women's sprint team.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "2018 Asian Games", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 Asian Games (Indonesian: Pesta Olahraga Musim Panas Asia 2018), the 18th Asian Games and commonly known as Jakarta Palembang 2018, is a pan-Asian multi-sport event scheduled to be held from 18 August to 2 September 2018 in Indonesia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Pansanttom Venkatesh", "paragraph_text": "Venkatesh played for East Bengal F.C. during his professional career. Venkatesh was capped for India for the gold-medal winning 1951 Asian Games India squad. He also went on the play in the 1952 Summer Olympics with India.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "T. C. Yohannan", "paragraph_text": "Thadathuvila Chandapillai Yohannan (born 19 May 1947), better known as T. C. Yohannan, is a former Indian long jumper who held the national record in long jump for nearly 3 decades and represented India in the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. He hails from the state of Kerala. Yohannan will be known for the new dimension he gave to long jump in India in 1974, the occasion was the Tehran Asian Games of 1974. Yohannan cleared a distance of 8.07 metres at the Teheran Asian Games for a new Asian record.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Commonwealth Games", "paragraph_text": "The 2010 Commonwealth Games were held in Delhi, India. The Games cost $11 billion and are the most expensive Commonwealth Games ever. It was the first time that the Commonwealth Games were held in India, also the first time that a Commonwealth Republic hosted the games and the second time they were held in Asia after Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia in 1998. A total of 6,081 athletes from 71 Commonwealth nations and dependencies competed in 21 sports and 272 events. The final medal tally was led by Australia. The host nation India achieved its best performance ever in any sporting event, finishing second overall. Rwanda made its Games debut.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "University of Chicago", "paragraph_text": "The university operates 12 research institutes and 113 research centers on campus. Among these are the Oriental Institute—a museum and research center for Near Eastern studies owned and operated by the university—and a number of National Resource Centers, including the Center for Middle Eastern Studies. Chicago also operates or is affiliated with a number of research institutions apart from the university proper. The university partially manages Argonne National Laboratory, part of the United States Department of Energy's national laboratory system, and has a joint stake in Fermilab, a nearby particle physics laboratory, as well as a stake in the Apache Point Observatory in Sunspot, New Mexico. Faculty and students at the adjacent Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago collaborate with the university, In 2013, the university announced that it was affiliating the formerly independent Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Mass. Although formally unrelated, the National Opinion Research Center is located on Chicago's campus.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Census of India prior to independence", "paragraph_text": "The 1872 Census of India was the first comprehensive census of India, then a component of the British Empire. The census has been held every ten years following, with the fifteenth national census held in 2011. This census was preceded by the British decennial census of 1801 and decades of regional surveys in India.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "2010 Commonwealth Games", "paragraph_text": "The 2010 Commonwealth Games, officially known as the XIX Commonwealth Games, were held in Delhi, India, from 3 to 14 October 2010. A total of 6,081 athletes from 71 Commonwealth nations and dependencies competed in 21 sports and 272 events, making it the largest Commonwealth Games to date. It was also the largest international multi-sport event to be staged in Delhi and India, eclipsing the Asian Games in 1951 and 1982. The opening and closing ceremonies were held at the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, the main stadium of the event. It was the first time that the Commonwealth Games were held in India and the second time they were held in Asia after Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia in 1998. It was also the first time a Commonwealth Republic hosted the games, second in a country not presently headed by British monarch since Malaysia in 1998. The official mascot of the Games was Shera and the official song of the Games, ``Jiyo Utho Bado Jeeto '', was composed by celebrated Indian musician A.R. Rahman.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "The city hosted the 2010 Commonwealth Games and annually hosts Delhi Half Marathon foot-race. The city has previously hosted the 1951 Asian Games and the 1982 Asian Games. New Delhi was interested in bidding for the 2019 Asian Games but was turned down by the government on 2 August 2010 amid allegations of corruption in 2010 Commonwealth Games .", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Kim Won-jin (fencer)", "paragraph_text": "Kim Won-jin (born August 24, 1984, Seoul) is a South Korean épée fencer who currently coaches at the Seoul Physical Education High School . Kim Won-jin has placed in the top 8 at many international events, winning both the Asian Games and Asian Championships twice. He won the 2006 Asian Games in the men's individual épée. He says the inspirational figure in his life is Shim Jae-sung, another South Korean épéeist.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Khelo India Youth Games", "paragraph_text": "Khelo India School Games (KISG), meaning Play India School Games, held annually beginning from 31 January 2018, are the national level multidisciplinary grassroot games in India for the under - 17 years school kids. Every year best 1000 kids will be given an annual scholarship of INR500, 000 for 8 years to prepare them for the international sporting events.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 45290, "question": "where is the national physical laboratory located in india", "answer": "in New Delhi", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 }, { "id": 11227, "question": "The Asian Games were most recently held in #1 in what year?", "answer": "1982", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Nova revija (publishing company)", "paragraph_text": "Nova revija (Slovene for \"New Review\" or \"New Journal\") is a Slovenian publishing house and cultural institute that developed from the literary journal with the same name.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Post-punk", "paragraph_text": "The original post-punk movement ended as the bands associated with the movement turned away from its aesthetics, often in favor of more commercial sounds. Many of these groups would continue recording as part of the new pop movement, with entryism becoming a popular concept. In the United States, driven by MTV and modern rock radio stations, a number of post-punk acts had an influence on or became part of the Second British Invasion of \"New Music\" there. Some shifted to a more commercial new wave sound (such as Gang of Four), while others were fixtures on American college radio and became early examples of alternative rock. Perhaps the most successful band to emerge from post-punk was U2, who combined elements of religious imagery together with political commentary into their often anthemic music.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Cubism", "paragraph_text": "The most serious objection to regarding the Demoiselles as the origin of Cubism, with its evident influence of primitive art, is that \"such deductions are unhistorical\", wrote the art historian Daniel Robbins. This familiar explanation \"fails to give adequate consideration to the complexities of a flourishing art that existed just before and during the period when Picasso's new painting developed.\" Between 1905 and 1908, a conscious search for a new style caused rapid changes in art across France, Germany, Holland, Italy, and Russia. The Impressionists had used a double point of view, and both Les Nabis and the Symbolists (who also admired Cézanne) flattened the picture plane, reducing their subjects to simple geometric forms. Neo-Impressionist structure and subject matter, most notably to be seen in the works of Georges Seurat (e.g., Parade de Cirque, Le Chahut and Le Cirque), was another important influence. There were also parallels in the development of literature and social thought.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test", "paragraph_text": "The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test is a nonfiction book by Tom Wolfe that was published in 1968. The book is remembered today as an early – and arguably the most popular – example of the growing literary style called New Journalism. Wolfe presents an as-if-firsthand account of the experiences of Ken Kesey and his band of Merry Pranksters, who traveled across the country in a colorfully painted school bus, the destination of which was always \"Furthur\", as indicated on its sign, but also exemplified by the general ethos of the Pranksters themselves. Kesey and the Pranksters became famous for their use of LSD and other psychedelic drugs in hopes of achieving intersubjectivity. The book chronicles the Acid Tests (parties in which LSD-laced Kool-Aid was used to obtain a communal trip), the group's encounters with (in)famous figures of the time, including famous authors, Hells Angels, and The Grateful Dead, and it also describes Kesey's exile to Mexico and his arrests.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Cardinal (Catholic Church)", "paragraph_text": "The earlier influence of temporal rulers, notably the French kings, reasserted itself through the influence of cardinals of certain nationalities or politically significant movements. Traditions even developed entitling certain monarchs, including those of Austria, Spain, and Portugal, to nominate one of their trusted clerical subjects to be created cardinal, a so-called crown-cardinal.[citation needed]", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Hermann Obrist", "paragraph_text": "Hermann Obrist (23 May 1862 at Kilchberg (near Zürich), Switzerland – 26 February 1927, Munich, Germany) was a Swiss sculptor of the Jugendstil (Art Nouveau) movement. He studied Botany and History in his youth; the influence of those subjects is detected in his later work in the field of applied arts. As a teacher, Hermann Obrist exerted a seminal influence on the rise and subsequent development of Jugendstil in Germany.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "The Talented Mr. Ripley (film)", "paragraph_text": "Tom Ripley is a young man struggling to make a living in 1950s New York City. While working at a recital, he is approached by the wealthy shipbuilder Herbert Greenleaf, who develops the impression that Ripley attended Princeton with and knew his son, Dickie. Greenleaf recruits Ripley, for $1,000, to travel to Italy to use his influence to persuade Dickie to return home to the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "George Polk Awards", "paragraph_text": "The George Polk Awards in Journalism are a series of American journalism awards presented annually by Long Island University in New York in the United States. A writer for Idea Lab, a group blog hosted on the website of PBS, described the award as \"one of only a couple of journalism prizes that means anything\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Craig Flournoy", "paragraph_text": "John Craig Flournoy (born June 26, 1951 in Shreveport, Louisiana, USA) is a journalism professor at Southern Methodist University and a former investigative reporter for \"The Dallas Morning News\", at which his work included coverage of the latter portion of the civil rights movement.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Protestantism", "paragraph_text": "In America, Episcopalian Dennis Bennett is sometimes cited as one of the charismatic movement's seminal influence. In the United Kingdom, Colin Urquhart, Michael Harper, David Watson and others were in the vanguard of similar developments. The Massey conference in New Zealand, 1964 was attended by several Anglicans, including the Rev. Ray Muller, who went on to invite Bennett to New Zealand in 1966, and played a leading role in developing and promoting the Life in the Spirit seminars. Other Charismatic movement leaders in New Zealand include Bill Subritzky.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Thomas Ball (artist)", "paragraph_text": "Thomas Ball (June 3, 1819 – December 11, 1911) was an American sculptor and musician. His work has had a marked influence on monumental art in the United States, especially in New England.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Georges Ugeux", "paragraph_text": "Georges Ugeux is a dual citizen of Belgium, his native country, and the United States, and was Group Executive Vice President of the New York Stock Exchange from 1996 to 2003. His banking career began in the 1970s in Europe, and he is currently the CEO of Galileo Global Advisors, a New York-based investment bank catering to emerging markets. He is a notable member of the , due to his influence in the world of international finance. He is a frequent public speaker and an op-ed contributor to the Huffington Post.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Winterthur Portfolio", "paragraph_text": "Winterthur Portfolio is an academic journal published by the University of Chicago Press. The journal covers articles on the arts in the United States and the historical context within which they were developed. Interdisciplinary articles study art and artifacts in their cultural framework. The journal is sponsored by the Henry Francis du Pont Winterthur Museum.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "National Training Laboratories", "paragraph_text": "Kurt Lewin founded the National Training Laboratories Institute for Applied Behavioral Science, known as the NTL Institute, an American non-profit behavioral psychology center, in 1947. NTL became a major influence in modern corporate training programs, and in particular developed the T-groups methodology that remains in place today. Lewin died early on in the project, which was continued by co-founders Ron Lippitt, Lee Bradford, and Ken Benne, among others. The NTL Institute produced or influenced other notable and influential contributors to the human relations movement in post-World War II management though, notably Douglas McGregor (who, like Lewin, also died young), Chris Argyris and Warren Bennis.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Collective for Living Cinema", "paragraph_text": "The Collective for Living Cinema was an outpost of avant-garde cinema located on White Street in Lower Manhattan in the United States of America. It regularly presented work by filmmakers such as Ken Jacobs, Johan van der Keuken, Yvonne Rainer, Christine Vachon, Dziga Vertov and many others who created films that were outside of the commercial mainstream in the United States. It also published a number of scholarly journals on film. Many of the founders studied film at Binghamton University together, where they developed a particular interest in the avant-garde.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Natural Resources Forum", "paragraph_text": "Natural Resources Forum is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Division of Sustainable Development in the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. The journal was established in 1976 and covers issues of sustainable development in developing countries. Specific topics of interest to this journal include agriculture, energy, globalization, and natural resources.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Journal of Bisexuality", "paragraph_text": "The Journal of Bisexuality is a peer-reviewed academic journal published quarterly by the Taylor & Francis Group under the Routledge imprint. It is the official journal of the American Institute of Bisexuality. It covers a wide range of topics on bisexuality including new bisexuality research, bisexual issues in therapy, differences from the straight, lesbian and gay communities, growth of the bisexual movement, bisexuality and the media, bisexual history, and different bisexual lifestyles.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Louis Theroux", "paragraph_text": "Theroux is best known for his documentary series, including \"Louis Theroux's Weird Weekends\", \"When Louis Met...\", and his BBC Two specials. His career started in journalism and it bears the influences of notable writers in his family, such as his father Paul and his brother Marcel. The BBC has produced all of his documentaries and television series. He has received two British Academy Television Awards and a Royal Television Society Television Award for his work.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Ottoman Empire", "paragraph_text": "Due to historically close ties with France, French literature came to constitute the major Western influence on Ottoman literature throughout the latter half of the 19th century. As a result, many of the same movements prevalent in France during this period also had their Ottoman equivalents: in the developing Ottoman prose tradition, for instance, the influence of Romanticism can be seen during the Tanzimat period, and that of the Realist and Naturalist movements in subsequent periods; in the poetic tradition, on the other hand, it was the influence of the Symbolist and Parnassian movements that became paramount.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "New Journalism", "paragraph_text": "The term was codified with its current meaning by Tom Wolfe in a 1973 collection of journalism articles he published as The New Journalism, which included works by himself, Truman Capote, Hunter S. Thompson, Norman Mailer, Joan Didion, Terry Southern, Robert Christgau, Gay Talese and others.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 85503, "question": "who influenced the development of the new journalism movement in the united states", "answer": "Tom Wolfe", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 }, { "id": 631696, "question": "#1 >> notable work", "answer": "The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 } ]

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