codelion/gemma-3-270m-icm-dpo · Datasets at Hugging Face

prompt stringlengths 5 352	chosen stringlengths 16 575	rejected stringlengths 16 585	source_dataset stringclasses 5 values	task_type stringclasses 5 values
What allows a light bulb to give off light?	Answer A: the current flowing through the wire to the light bulb	the light bulb generating heat energy	ai2	science_qa
What allows a light bulb to give off light?	Answer A: the current flowing through the wire to the light bulb	Answer B: the light bulb giving electrical energy to the battery	ai2	science_qa
What allows a light bulb to give off light?	Answer A: the current flowing through the wire to the light bulb	Answer D: the battery pushing light through the wire	ai2	science_qa
What allows a light bulb to give off light?	Answer A: the current flowing through the wire to the light bulb	the light bulb generating heat energy	ai2	science_qa
A student heats the same amount of two different liquids over Bunsen burners. Each liquid is at room temperature when the student begins. If liquid 1 has a higher specific heat than liquid 2, then liquid 1 will	condense over a longer period.	take longer to increase in temperature.	ai2	science_qa
A student heats the same amount of two different liquids over Bunsen burners. Each liquid is at room temperature when the student begins. If liquid 1 has a higher specific heat than liquid 2, then liquid 1 will	condense over a longer period.	chemically break down at a faster rate.	ai2	science_qa
A student heats the same amount of two different liquids over Bunsen burners. Each liquid is at room temperature when the student begins. If liquid 1 has a higher specific heat than liquid 2, then liquid 1 will	chemically break down at a faster rate.	take longer to increase in temperature.	ai2	science_qa
A student heats the same amount of two different liquids over Bunsen burners. Each liquid is at room temperature when the student begins. If liquid 1 has a higher specific heat than liquid 2, then liquid 1 will	chemically break down at a faster rate.	condense over a longer period.	ai2	science_qa
The circulatory system and the endocrine system work together in the human body. Which describes one way in which these systems interact?	Answer A: taking in oxygen and transporting it to cells of the body	Answer D: collecting waste products from the cells and transporting it out of the body	ai2	science_qa
The circulatory system and the endocrine system work together in the human body. Which describes one way in which these systems interact?	Answer A: taking in oxygen and transporting it to cells of the body	Answer D: collecting waste products from the cells and transporting it out of the body	ai2	science_qa
The circulatory system and the endocrine system work together in the human body. Which describes one way in which these systems interact?	Answer A: taking in oxygen and transporting it to cells of the body	Answer C: absorbing nutrients from food and transporting them to cells in the body	ai2	science_qa
The circulatory system and the endocrine system work together in the human body. Which describes one way in which these systems interact?	Answer A: taking in oxygen and transporting it to cells of the body	Answer C: absorbing nutrients from food and transporting them to cells in the body	ai2	science_qa
The circulatory system and the endocrine system work together in the human body. Which describes one way in which these systems interact?	Answer B: releasing hormones and transporting them to cells of the body	Answer D: collecting waste products from the cells and transporting it out of the body	ai2	science_qa
Which best describes the structure of an atom?	Answer B: a massive core surrounded by negatively-charged particles	Answer A: a lightweight core surrounded by neutral particles	ai2	science_qa
A student performs a lab investigation by measuring the average time it takes for a toy car to travel 10 meters. Why is it best to perform the experiment in three trials?	to increase the accuracy of the results	Answer D: to better explain the investigation to others	ai2	science_qa
A student performs a lab investigation by measuring the average time it takes for a toy car to travel 10 meters. Why is it best to perform the experiment in three trials?	to make the results more significant	Answer D: to better explain the investigation to others	ai2	science_qa
Biologists conduct investigations to learn about living organisms. Which method helps reduce bias during an investigation?	Answer B: limiting the amount of background research before the investigation	Answer D: obtaining other opinions concerning what should happen during the investigation	ai2	science_qa
Biologists conduct investigations to learn about living organisms. Which method helps reduce bias during an investigation?	Answer A: developing a hypothesis after collecting data in the investigation	Answer D: obtaining other opinions concerning what should happen during the investigation	ai2	science_qa
DNA technology has improved greatly in the last twenty years. Which task has been made easier by the development of DNA technology?	observing distant objects in space	making very accurate measurements	ai2	science_qa
Which statement best explains why photosynthesis is the foundation of most food webs?	Answer D: The producers in all ecosystems are plants.	Answer A: Sunlight is the source of energy for nearly all ecosystems.	ai2	science_qa
Which statement best explains why photosynthesis is the foundation of most food webs?	Answer C: Carbon dioxide is more available than other gases.	Answer A: Sunlight is the source of energy for nearly all ecosystems.	ai2	science_qa
A scientist found fossils of ocean shells on a mountain top. Based on this find, which statement can be made?	The shells were carried by the wind.	The mountain was covered by water.	ai2	science_qa
A scientist found fossils of ocean shells on a mountain top. Based on this find, which statement can be made?	The shells were carried by the wind.	The shells once lived on dry land.	ai2	science_qa
A scientist found fossils of ocean shells on a mountain top. Based on this find, which statement can be made?	The shells were carried by the wind.	The mountain was covered by water.	ai2	science_qa
A scientist found fossils of ocean shells on a mountain top. Based on this find, which statement can be made?	The shells once lived on dry land.	The mountain was covered by water.	ai2	science_qa
A scientist found fossils of ocean shells on a mountain top. Based on this find, which statement can be made?	The shells once lived on dry land.	The shells were carried by the wind.	ai2	science_qa
Darryl learns that freezing temperatures may help cause weathering. Which statement explains how freezing temperatures most likely cause weathering?	Answer D: by freezing water in the cracks of rocks	by freezing the leaves on trees	ai2	science_qa
Darryl learns that freezing temperatures may help cause weathering. Which statement explains how freezing temperatures most likely cause weathering?	by causing rocks to stick together	by freezing the leaves on trees	ai2	science_qa
Darryl learns that freezing temperatures may help cause weathering. Which statement explains how freezing temperatures most likely cause weathering?	Answer D: by freezing water in the cracks of rocks	by freezing the leaves on trees	ai2	science_qa
Darryl learns that freezing temperatures may help cause weathering. Which statement explains how freezing temperatures most likely cause weathering?	by turning acid rain into acid snow	by freezing the leaves on trees	ai2	science_qa
Darryl learns that freezing temperatures may help cause weathering. Which statement explains how freezing temperatures most likely cause weathering?	by turning acid rain into acid snow	by freezing the leaves on trees	ai2	science_qa
A student sees many plants around a pond. The student can determine which plants are nonvascular by	noticing if the plants are near rocks	Answer A: observing if they lack true stems, roots, or leaves	ai2	science_qa
A student sees many plants around a pond. The student can determine which plants are nonvascular by	noticing if the plants are near rocks	examining the plants for spores	ai2	science_qa
A student sees many plants around a pond. The student can determine which plants are nonvascular by	noticing if the plants are near rocks	examining the plants for spores	ai2	science_qa
A student sees many plants around a pond. The student can determine which plants are nonvascular by	noticing if the plants are near rocks	Answer C: counting the number of leaves on each stalk	ai2	science_qa
A student sees many plants around a pond. The student can determine which plants are nonvascular by	Answer C: counting the number of leaves on each stalk	Answer A: observing if they lack true stems, roots, or leaves	ai2	science_qa
Which is the greatest benefit of sexual reproduction?	ability to reproduce without a mate	Answer D: capable of producing offspring genetically identical to parent	ai2	science_qa
Which is the greatest benefit of sexual reproduction?	ability to reproduce without a mate	capable of reproducing by meiosis	ai2	science_qa
Which is the greatest benefit of sexual reproduction?	Answer D: capable of producing offspring genetically identical to parent	capable of reproducing by meiosis	ai2	science_qa
Which is the greatest benefit of sexual reproduction?	ability to reproduce without a mate	Answer D: capable of producing offspring genetically identical to parent	ai2	science_qa
Which is the greatest benefit of sexual reproduction?	ability to reproduce without a mate	capable of reproducing by meiosis	ai2	science_qa
Which two theories of Moon formation propose that much or all of the material comprising the Moon came from Earth?	Answer D: The Capture Theory and the Giant Impact Theory	Answer B: The Coaccretion Theory and The Capture Theory	ai2	science_qa
Which two theories of Moon formation propose that much or all of the material comprising the Moon came from Earth?	Answer D: The Capture Theory and the Giant Impact Theory	Answer C: The Fission Theory and the Giant Impact Theory	ai2	science_qa
Which two theories of Moon formation propose that much or all of the material comprising the Moon came from Earth?	Answer A: The Fission Theory and The Coaccretion Theory	Answer B: The Coaccretion Theory and The Capture Theory	ai2	science_qa
Which two theories of Moon formation propose that much or all of the material comprising the Moon came from Earth?	Answer A: The Fission Theory and The Coaccretion Theory	Answer C: The Fission Theory and the Giant Impact Theory	ai2	science_qa
Which two theories of Moon formation propose that much or all of the material comprising the Moon came from Earth?	Answer B: The Coaccretion Theory and The Capture Theory	Answer C: The Fission Theory and the Giant Impact Theory	ai2	science_qa
Some antibiotics used to treat infections in humans are also used to treat chickens, but some groups oppose this practice. The overuse of the antibiotics will most likely influence the natural selection of which type of organisms?	Answer A: chickens that naturally make the antibiotics	Answer B: microbes that are resistant to the antibiotics	ai2	science_qa
Some antibiotics used to treat infections in humans are also used to treat chickens, but some groups oppose this practice. The overuse of the antibiotics will most likely influence the natural selection of which type of organisms?	Answer C: microbes that are susceptible to the antibiotics	Answer B: microbes that are resistant to the antibiotics	ai2	science_qa
Some antibiotics used to treat infections in humans are also used to treat chickens, but some groups oppose this practice. The overuse of the antibiotics will most likely influence the natural selection of which type of organisms?	Answer C: microbes that are susceptible to the antibiotics	Answer B: microbes that are resistant to the antibiotics	ai2	science_qa
Some antibiotics used to treat infections in humans are also used to treat chickens, but some groups oppose this practice. The overuse of the antibiotics will most likely influence the natural selection of which type of organisms?	Answer D: chickens that are resistant to infection	Answer B: microbes that are resistant to the antibiotics	ai2	science_qa
During which activity should a student wear goggles?	examining a leaf with a microscope	measuring the length of a shadow	ai2	science_qa
Which statement correctly describes both gases and liquids?	Answer A: Their shapes stay the same in any container.	Answer D: Their volumes change when they are in different containers.	ai2	science_qa
Which statement correctly describes both gases and liquids?	Answer C: Their volumes stay the same in any container.	Answer A: Their shapes stay the same in any container.	ai2	science_qa
Which statement correctly describes both gases and liquids?	Answer C: Their volumes stay the same in any container.	Answer D: Their volumes change when they are in different containers.	ai2	science_qa
Which statement correctly describes both gases and liquids?	Answer B: Their shapes change when they are in different containers.	Answer A: Their shapes stay the same in any container.	ai2	science_qa
Which statement correctly describes both gases and liquids?	Answer B: Their shapes change when they are in different containers.	Answer D: Their volumes change when they are in different containers.	ai2	science_qa
Which is a statement about climate?	Answer D: The average high temperature in May is 20°C.	Answer B: The temperature range today was 10°C to 20°C.	ai2	science_qa
Which is a statement about climate?	Answer D: The average high temperature in May is 20°C.	Answer C: The high temperature tomorrow will be 14°C.	ai2	science_qa
Which is a statement about climate?	Answer D: The average high temperature in May is 20°C.	Answer C: The high temperature tomorrow will be 14°C.	ai2	science_qa
Which is a statement about climate?	Answer D: The average high temperature in May is 20°C.	Answer B: The temperature range today was 10°C to 20°C.	ai2	science_qa
Which is a statement about climate?	Answer D: The average high temperature in May is 20°C.	Answer C: The high temperature tomorrow will be 14°C.	ai2	science_qa
Which event helps to renew a resource?	A car is filled with gasoline.	A seed is planted from a tree.	ai2	science_qa
Which event helps to renew a resource?	An office is heated with coal.	A seed is planted from a tree.	ai2	science_qa
A group of fish was released into a local lake. This species of fish had never lived in the lake before. Scientists want to collect data on how the lake's ecosystem is affected by the new fish. Which method of data collection will give the most accurate results?	Answer B: Checking the lake water for nutrient levels on one day	Answer C: Sampling fish populations in the lake over several years	ai2	science_qa
A group of fish was released into a local lake. This species of fish had never lived in the lake before. Scientists want to collect data on how the lake's ecosystem is affected by the new fish. Which method of data collection will give the most accurate results?	Answer A: Measuring oxygen levels in the lake for two months	Answer C: Sampling fish populations in the lake over several years	ai2	science_qa
Which of these correctly identifies the way materials are transported in a plant?	Answer C: Xylem carries sugars from the flowers to the stems.	Answer B: Phloem carries minerals from the roots to the leaves.	ai2	science_qa
Which of these correctly identifies the way materials are transported in a plant?	Answer C: Xylem carries sugars from the flowers to the stems.	Answer B: Phloem carries minerals from the roots to the leaves.	ai2	science_qa
As global temperatures increase, certain organisms will be more affected than others. The changes associated with global warming may result in an increase in sea level. Which organisms will be affected most as a result of the change in sea level?	Answer C: mammals that swim in cold, deep ocean waters	Answer D: crustaceans at the bottom of deep sea ocean waters	ai2	science_qa
As global temperatures increase, certain organisms will be more affected than others. The changes associated with global warming may result in an increase in sea level. Which organisms will be affected most as a result of the change in sea level?	Answer C: mammals that swim in cold, deep ocean waters	Answer D: crustaceans at the bottom of deep sea ocean waters	ai2	science_qa
As global temperatures increase, certain organisms will be more affected than others. The changes associated with global warming may result in an increase in sea level. Which organisms will be affected most as a result of the change in sea level?	Answer B: fish that live in coral reefs in shallow waters	Answer D: crustaceans at the bottom of deep sea ocean waters	ai2	science_qa
As global temperatures increase, certain organisms will be more affected than others. The changes associated with global warming may result in an increase in sea level. Which organisms will be affected most as a result of the change in sea level?	Answer B: fish that live in coral reefs in shallow waters	Answer D: crustaceans at the bottom of deep sea ocean waters	ai2	science_qa
A scientist finds a metamorphic rock formation next to a magma chamber and determines that it was originally a sedimentary rock formation. He concludes that the temperature of the magma chamber caused the rock formation to become metamorphic. Which is another reliable explanation of how the rock formation was changed?	Answer D: a quick burial of the rocks by tons of volcanic ash	Answer B: pressure on the rock formation inside Earth	ai2	science_qa
A scientist finds a metamorphic rock formation next to a magma chamber and determines that it was originally a sedimentary rock formation. He concludes that the temperature of the magma chamber caused the rock formation to become metamorphic. Which is another reliable explanation of how the rock formation was changed?	Answer D: a quick burial of the rocks by tons of volcanic ash	Answer C: a sandstorm that caused the rocks to be eroded	ai2	science_qa
A scientist finds a metamorphic rock formation next to a magma chamber and determines that it was originally a sedimentary rock formation. He concludes that the temperature of the magma chamber caused the rock formation to become metamorphic. Which is another reliable explanation of how the rock formation was changed?	Answer A: weight of heavy machinery moving over the rocks	Answer B: pressure on the rock formation inside Earth	ai2	science_qa
A scientist finds a metamorphic rock formation next to a magma chamber and determines that it was originally a sedimentary rock formation. He concludes that the temperature of the magma chamber caused the rock formation to become metamorphic. Which is another reliable explanation of how the rock formation was changed?	Answer A: weight of heavy machinery moving over the rocks	Answer C: a sandstorm that caused the rocks to be eroded	ai2	science_qa
A scientist finds a metamorphic rock formation next to a magma chamber and determines that it was originally a sedimentary rock formation. He concludes that the temperature of the magma chamber caused the rock formation to become metamorphic. Which is another reliable explanation of how the rock formation was changed?	Answer A: weight of heavy machinery moving over the rocks	Answer B: pressure on the rock formation inside Earth	ai2	science_qa
The speed at which sound waves travel depends on the	Answer B: type of material through which the sound travels.	type of device making the sound.	ai2	science_qa
The speed at which sound waves travel depends on the	Answer B: type of material through which the sound travels.	type of device making the sound.	ai2	science_qa
The speed at which sound waves travel depends on the	Answer B: type of material through which the sound travels.	size of the object making the sound.	ai2	science_qa
The speed at which sound waves travel depends on the	Answer A: distance between the vibration source and the receiver.	type of device making the sound.	ai2	science_qa
The speed at which sound waves travel depends on the	Answer A: distance between the vibration source and the receiver.	type of device making the sound.	ai2	science_qa
A certain type of hybrid car utilizes a braking system in which energy is recovered and stored in batteries. This is an example of which type of energy conversion?	Answer C: chemical energy converted to thermal energy	Answer B: chemical energy converted to kinetic energy	ai2	science_qa
A certain type of hybrid car utilizes a braking system in which energy is recovered and stored in batteries. This is an example of which type of energy conversion?	Answer C: chemical energy converted to thermal energy	Answer A: kinetic energy converted to potential energy	ai2	science_qa
A certain type of hybrid car utilizes a braking system in which energy is recovered and stored in batteries. This is an example of which type of energy conversion?	Answer B: chemical energy converted to kinetic energy	Answer A: kinetic energy converted to potential energy	ai2	science_qa
Jonathon was studying bears. He found out that bears are born with some behaviors and learn others from their environment. Which behavior does a bear most likely inherit?	how to hibernate during the winter	how to live in human neighborhoods	ai2	science_qa
Jonathon was studying bears. He found out that bears are born with some behaviors and learn others from their environment. Which behavior does a bear most likely inherit?	how to hibernate during the winter	how to find food in garbage cans	ai2	science_qa
Jonathon was studying bears. He found out that bears are born with some behaviors and learn others from their environment. Which behavior does a bear most likely inherit?	how to find food in garbage cans	how to live in human neighborhoods	ai2	science_qa
Jonathon was studying bears. He found out that bears are born with some behaviors and learn others from their environment. Which behavior does a bear most likely inherit?	how to find food in garbage cans	how to hibernate during the winter	ai2	science_qa
Jonathon was studying bears. He found out that bears are born with some behaviors and learn others from their environment. Which behavior does a bear most likely inherit?	how to seek shelter in a hollow log	how to live in human neighborhoods	ai2	science_qa
Plants and animals are composed of organic compounds. Which of the following are the common elements found in organic compounds?	carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen.	sodium, potassium, gold, hydrogen.	ai2	science_qa
Plants and animals are composed of organic compounds. Which of the following are the common elements found in organic compounds?	carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen.	sodium, potassium, gold, hydrogen.	ai2	science_qa
The tops of some mountains are sharp and pointed, while the tops of others are smooth and rounded. This difference was most likely caused by	rivers flooding along a coastal plain.	rocks melted underground by lava.	ai2	science_qa
A bond is formed when an electron is transferred from a sodium atom to a chlorine atom. What happens to the sodium atom during this process?	The atom becomes a positive ion.	The mass of the atom increases.	ai2	science_qa
A physicist wants to determine the speed a car must reach to jump over a ramp. The physicist conducts three trials. In trials two and three, the speed of the car is increased by 20 miles per hour. What is the physicist investigating when he changes the speed?	the dependent (responding) variable	the independent (manipulated) variable	ai2	science_qa
A carbon monoxide detector is used in homes to	Answer B: warn residents when a dangerous gas is present.	Answer D: advise people of an increase in temperature in the home.	ai2	science_qa
A carbon monoxide detector is used in homes to	Answer B: warn residents when a dangerous gas is present.	Answer D: advise people of an increase in temperature in the home.	ai2	science_qa
A carbon monoxide detector is used in homes to	Answer B: warn residents when a dangerous gas is present.	Answer A: alert residents to the possibility of fire.	ai2	science_qa
A carbon monoxide detector is used in homes to	Answer B: warn residents when a dangerous gas is present.	Answer A: alert residents to the possibility of fire.	ai2	science_qa
A carbon monoxide detector is used in homes to	Answer B: warn residents when a dangerous gas is present.	Answer D: advise people of an increase in temperature in the home.	ai2	science_qa
A scientist maps a long region in which earthquakes originate and determines this region is a transform plate boundary. Which evidence would cause the scientist to reevaluate this determination?	Answer A: Volcanism also characterizes the region.	Answer B: Earthquake centers in the region occur at shallow depths.	ai2	science_qa

What allows a light bulb to give off light?

Answer A: the current flowing through the wire to the light bulb

the light bulb generating heat energy

ai2

science_qa

What allows a light bulb to give off light?

Answer A: the current flowing through the wire to the light bulb

Answer B: the light bulb giving electrical energy to the battery

ai2

science_qa

What allows a light bulb to give off light?

Answer A: the current flowing through the wire to the light bulb

Answer D: the battery pushing light through the wire

ai2

science_qa

What allows a light bulb to give off light?

Answer A: the current flowing through the wire to the light bulb

the light bulb generating heat energy

ai2

science_qa

A student heats the same amount of two different liquids over Bunsen burners. Each liquid is at room temperature when the student begins. If liquid 1 has a higher specific heat than liquid 2, then liquid 1 will

condense over a longer period.

take longer to increase in temperature.

ai2

science_qa

A student heats the same amount of two different liquids over Bunsen burners. Each liquid is at room temperature when the student begins. If liquid 1 has a higher specific heat than liquid 2, then liquid 1 will

condense over a longer period.

chemically break down at a faster rate.

ai2

science_qa

A student heats the same amount of two different liquids over Bunsen burners. Each liquid is at room temperature when the student begins. If liquid 1 has a higher specific heat than liquid 2, then liquid 1 will

chemically break down at a faster rate.

take longer to increase in temperature.

ai2

science_qa

A student heats the same amount of two different liquids over Bunsen burners. Each liquid is at room temperature when the student begins. If liquid 1 has a higher specific heat than liquid 2, then liquid 1 will

chemically break down at a faster rate.

condense over a longer period.

ai2

science_qa

The circulatory system and the endocrine system work together in the human body. Which describes one way in which these systems interact?

Answer A: taking in oxygen and transporting it to cells of the body

Answer D: collecting waste products from the cells and transporting it out of the body

ai2

science_qa

The circulatory system and the endocrine system work together in the human body. Which describes one way in which these systems interact?

Answer A: taking in oxygen and transporting it to cells of the body

Answer D: collecting waste products from the cells and transporting it out of the body

ai2

science_qa

The circulatory system and the endocrine system work together in the human body. Which describes one way in which these systems interact?

Answer A: taking in oxygen and transporting it to cells of the body

Answer C: absorbing nutrients from food and transporting them to cells in the body

ai2

science_qa

The circulatory system and the endocrine system work together in the human body. Which describes one way in which these systems interact?

Answer A: taking in oxygen and transporting it to cells of the body

Answer C: absorbing nutrients from food and transporting them to cells in the body

ai2

science_qa

The circulatory system and the endocrine system work together in the human body. Which describes one way in which these systems interact?

Answer B: releasing hormones and transporting them to cells of the body

Answer D: collecting waste products from the cells and transporting it out of the body

ai2

science_qa

Which best describes the structure of an atom?

Answer B: a massive core surrounded by negatively-charged particles

Answer A: a lightweight core surrounded by neutral particles

ai2

science_qa

A student performs a lab investigation by measuring the average time it takes for a toy car to travel 10 meters. Why is it best to perform the experiment in three trials?

to increase the accuracy of the results

Answer D: to better explain the investigation to others

ai2

science_qa

A student performs a lab investigation by measuring the average time it takes for a toy car to travel 10 meters. Why is it best to perform the experiment in three trials?

to make the results more significant

Answer D: to better explain the investigation to others

ai2

science_qa

Biologists conduct investigations to learn about living organisms. Which method helps reduce bias during an investigation?

Answer B: limiting the amount of background research before the investigation

Answer D: obtaining other opinions concerning what should happen during the investigation

ai2

science_qa

Biologists conduct investigations to learn about living organisms. Which method helps reduce bias during an investigation?

Answer A: developing a hypothesis after collecting data in the investigation

Answer D: obtaining other opinions concerning what should happen during the investigation

ai2

science_qa

DNA technology has improved greatly in the last twenty years. Which task has been made easier by the development of DNA technology?

observing distant objects in space

making very accurate measurements

ai2

science_qa

Which statement best explains why photosynthesis is the foundation of most food webs?

Answer D: The producers in all ecosystems are plants.

Answer A: Sunlight is the source of energy for nearly all ecosystems.

ai2

science_qa

Which statement best explains why photosynthesis is the foundation of most food webs?

Answer C: Carbon dioxide is more available than other gases.

Answer A: Sunlight is the source of energy for nearly all ecosystems.

ai2

science_qa

A scientist found fossils of ocean shells on a mountain top. Based on this find, which statement can be made?

The shells were carried by the wind.

The mountain was covered by water.

ai2

science_qa

A scientist found fossils of ocean shells on a mountain top. Based on this find, which statement can be made?

The shells were carried by the wind.

The shells once lived on dry land.

ai2

science_qa

A scientist found fossils of ocean shells on a mountain top. Based on this find, which statement can be made?

The shells were carried by the wind.

The mountain was covered by water.

ai2

science_qa

A scientist found fossils of ocean shells on a mountain top. Based on this find, which statement can be made?

The shells once lived on dry land.

The mountain was covered by water.

ai2

science_qa

A scientist found fossils of ocean shells on a mountain top. Based on this find, which statement can be made?

The shells once lived on dry land.

The shells were carried by the wind.

ai2

science_qa

Darryl learns that freezing temperatures may help cause weathering. Which statement explains how freezing temperatures most likely cause weathering?

Answer D: by freezing water in the cracks of rocks

by freezing the leaves on trees

ai2

science_qa

Darryl learns that freezing temperatures may help cause weathering. Which statement explains how freezing temperatures most likely cause weathering?

by causing rocks to stick together

by freezing the leaves on trees

ai2

science_qa

Darryl learns that freezing temperatures may help cause weathering. Which statement explains how freezing temperatures most likely cause weathering?

Answer D: by freezing water in the cracks of rocks

by freezing the leaves on trees

ai2

science_qa

Darryl learns that freezing temperatures may help cause weathering. Which statement explains how freezing temperatures most likely cause weathering?

by turning acid rain into acid snow

by freezing the leaves on trees

ai2

science_qa

Darryl learns that freezing temperatures may help cause weathering. Which statement explains how freezing temperatures most likely cause weathering?

by turning acid rain into acid snow

by freezing the leaves on trees

ai2

science_qa

A student sees many plants around a pond. The student can determine which plants are nonvascular by

noticing if the plants are near rocks

Answer A: observing if they lack true stems, roots, or leaves

ai2

science_qa

A student sees many plants around a pond. The student can determine which plants are nonvascular by

noticing if the plants are near rocks

examining the plants for spores

ai2

science_qa

A student sees many plants around a pond. The student can determine which plants are nonvascular by

noticing if the plants are near rocks

examining the plants for spores

ai2

science_qa

A student sees many plants around a pond. The student can determine which plants are nonvascular by

noticing if the plants are near rocks

Answer C: counting the number of leaves on each stalk

ai2

science_qa

A student sees many plants around a pond. The student can determine which plants are nonvascular by

Answer C: counting the number of leaves on each stalk

Answer A: observing if they lack true stems, roots, or leaves

ai2

science_qa

Which is the greatest benefit of sexual reproduction?

ability to reproduce without a mate

Answer D: capable of producing offspring genetically identical to parent

ai2

science_qa

Which is the greatest benefit of sexual reproduction?

ability to reproduce without a mate

capable of reproducing by meiosis

ai2

science_qa

Which is the greatest benefit of sexual reproduction?

Answer D: capable of producing offspring genetically identical to parent

capable of reproducing by meiosis

ai2

science_qa

Which is the greatest benefit of sexual reproduction?

ability to reproduce without a mate

Answer D: capable of producing offspring genetically identical to parent

ai2

science_qa

Which is the greatest benefit of sexual reproduction?

ability to reproduce without a mate

capable of reproducing by meiosis

ai2

science_qa

Which two theories of Moon formation propose that much or all of the material comprising the Moon came from Earth?

Answer D: The Capture Theory and the Giant Impact Theory

Answer B: The Coaccretion Theory and The Capture Theory

ai2

science_qa

Which two theories of Moon formation propose that much or all of the material comprising the Moon came from Earth?

Answer D: The Capture Theory and the Giant Impact Theory

Answer C: The Fission Theory and the Giant Impact Theory

ai2

science_qa

Which two theories of Moon formation propose that much or all of the material comprising the Moon came from Earth?

Answer A: The Fission Theory and The Coaccretion Theory

Answer B: The Coaccretion Theory and The Capture Theory

ai2

science_qa

Which two theories of Moon formation propose that much or all of the material comprising the Moon came from Earth?

Answer A: The Fission Theory and The Coaccretion Theory

Answer C: The Fission Theory and the Giant Impact Theory

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science_qa

Which two theories of Moon formation propose that much or all of the material comprising the Moon came from Earth?

Answer B: The Coaccretion Theory and The Capture Theory

Answer C: The Fission Theory and the Giant Impact Theory

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science_qa

Some antibiotics used to treat infections in humans are also used to treat chickens, but some groups oppose this practice. The overuse of the antibiotics will most likely influence the natural selection of which type of organisms?

Answer A: chickens that naturally make the antibiotics

Answer B: microbes that are resistant to the antibiotics

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science_qa

Some antibiotics used to treat infections in humans are also used to treat chickens, but some groups oppose this practice. The overuse of the antibiotics will most likely influence the natural selection of which type of organisms?

Answer C: microbes that are susceptible to the antibiotics

Answer B: microbes that are resistant to the antibiotics

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science_qa

Some antibiotics used to treat infections in humans are also used to treat chickens, but some groups oppose this practice. The overuse of the antibiotics will most likely influence the natural selection of which type of organisms?

Answer C: microbes that are susceptible to the antibiotics

Answer B: microbes that are resistant to the antibiotics

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science_qa

Some antibiotics used to treat infections in humans are also used to treat chickens, but some groups oppose this practice. The overuse of the antibiotics will most likely influence the natural selection of which type of organisms?

Answer D: chickens that are resistant to infection

Answer B: microbes that are resistant to the antibiotics

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science_qa

During which activity should a student wear goggles?

examining a leaf with a microscope

measuring the length of a shadow

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science_qa

Which statement correctly describes both gases and liquids?

Answer A: Their shapes stay the same in any container.

Answer D: Their volumes change when they are in different containers.

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science_qa

Which statement correctly describes both gases and liquids?

Answer C: Their volumes stay the same in any container.

Answer A: Their shapes stay the same in any container.

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science_qa

Which statement correctly describes both gases and liquids?

Answer C: Their volumes stay the same in any container.

Answer D: Their volumes change when they are in different containers.

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science_qa

Which statement correctly describes both gases and liquids?

Answer B: Their shapes change when they are in different containers.

Answer A: Their shapes stay the same in any container.

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science_qa

Which statement correctly describes both gases and liquids?

Answer B: Their shapes change when they are in different containers.

Answer D: Their volumes change when they are in different containers.

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science_qa

Which is a statement about climate?

Answer D: The average high temperature in May is 20°C.

Answer B: The temperature range today was 10°C to 20°C.

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science_qa

Which is a statement about climate?

Answer D: The average high temperature in May is 20°C.

Answer C: The high temperature tomorrow will be 14°C.

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science_qa

Which is a statement about climate?

Answer D: The average high temperature in May is 20°C.

Answer C: The high temperature tomorrow will be 14°C.

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science_qa

Which is a statement about climate?

Answer D: The average high temperature in May is 20°C.

Answer B: The temperature range today was 10°C to 20°C.

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science_qa

Which is a statement about climate?

Answer D: The average high temperature in May is 20°C.

Answer C: The high temperature tomorrow will be 14°C.

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science_qa

Which event helps to renew a resource?

A car is filled with gasoline.

A seed is planted from a tree.

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science_qa

Which event helps to renew a resource?

An office is heated with coal.

A seed is planted from a tree.

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science_qa

A group of fish was released into a local lake. This species of fish had never lived in the lake before. Scientists want to collect data on how the lake's ecosystem is affected by the new fish. Which method of data collection will give the most accurate results?

Answer B: Checking the lake water for nutrient levels on one day

Answer C: Sampling fish populations in the lake over several years

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science_qa

A group of fish was released into a local lake. This species of fish had never lived in the lake before. Scientists want to collect data on how the lake's ecosystem is affected by the new fish. Which method of data collection will give the most accurate results?

Answer A: Measuring oxygen levels in the lake for two months

Answer C: Sampling fish populations in the lake over several years

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science_qa

Which of these correctly identifies the way materials are transported in a plant?

Answer C: Xylem carries sugars from the flowers to the stems.

Answer B: Phloem carries minerals from the roots to the leaves.

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science_qa

Which of these correctly identifies the way materials are transported in a plant?

Answer C: Xylem carries sugars from the flowers to the stems.

Answer B: Phloem carries minerals from the roots to the leaves.

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science_qa

As global temperatures increase, certain organisms will be more affected than others. The changes associated with global warming may result in an increase in sea level. Which organisms will be affected most as a result of the change in sea level?

Answer C: mammals that swim in cold, deep ocean waters

Answer D: crustaceans at the bottom of deep sea ocean waters

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science_qa

As global temperatures increase, certain organisms will be more affected than others. The changes associated with global warming may result in an increase in sea level. Which organisms will be affected most as a result of the change in sea level?

Answer C: mammals that swim in cold, deep ocean waters

Answer D: crustaceans at the bottom of deep sea ocean waters

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science_qa

As global temperatures increase, certain organisms will be more affected than others. The changes associated with global warming may result in an increase in sea level. Which organisms will be affected most as a result of the change in sea level?

Answer B: fish that live in coral reefs in shallow waters

Answer D: crustaceans at the bottom of deep sea ocean waters

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science_qa

As global temperatures increase, certain organisms will be more affected than others. The changes associated with global warming may result in an increase in sea level. Which organisms will be affected most as a result of the change in sea level?

Answer B: fish that live in coral reefs in shallow waters

Answer D: crustaceans at the bottom of deep sea ocean waters

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science_qa

A scientist finds a metamorphic rock formation next to a magma chamber and determines that it was originally a sedimentary rock formation. He concludes that the temperature of the magma chamber caused the rock formation to become metamorphic. Which is another reliable explanation of how the rock formation was changed?

Answer D: a quick burial of the rocks by tons of volcanic ash

Answer B: pressure on the rock formation inside Earth

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science_qa

A scientist finds a metamorphic rock formation next to a magma chamber and determines that it was originally a sedimentary rock formation. He concludes that the temperature of the magma chamber caused the rock formation to become metamorphic. Which is another reliable explanation of how the rock formation was changed?

Answer D: a quick burial of the rocks by tons of volcanic ash

Answer C: a sandstorm that caused the rocks to be eroded

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science_qa

A scientist finds a metamorphic rock formation next to a magma chamber and determines that it was originally a sedimentary rock formation. He concludes that the temperature of the magma chamber caused the rock formation to become metamorphic. Which is another reliable explanation of how the rock formation was changed?

Answer A: weight of heavy machinery moving over the rocks

Answer B: pressure on the rock formation inside Earth

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science_qa

A scientist finds a metamorphic rock formation next to a magma chamber and determines that it was originally a sedimentary rock formation. He concludes that the temperature of the magma chamber caused the rock formation to become metamorphic. Which is another reliable explanation of how the rock formation was changed?

Answer A: weight of heavy machinery moving over the rocks

Answer C: a sandstorm that caused the rocks to be eroded

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science_qa

A scientist finds a metamorphic rock formation next to a magma chamber and determines that it was originally a sedimentary rock formation. He concludes that the temperature of the magma chamber caused the rock formation to become metamorphic. Which is another reliable explanation of how the rock formation was changed?

Answer A: weight of heavy machinery moving over the rocks

Answer B: pressure on the rock formation inside Earth

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science_qa