Risk factor in cholangiocarcinoma ?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Caroli diseaseCholangiocarcinomaCholangiocarcinoma is malignancy of the biliary tree, arising from bile ducts within or outside the liver.Risk factors :- All risk factors for cholangiocarcinomas cause chronic inflammation and cholestasis, which presumably promote occurrence of somatic mutations or epigenetic alterations in cholangiocytes.Primary sclerosing cholangitis.Hepatolithiasis.Congenital fibropolycystic disease of the biliary system (caroli disease, choledochal cyst).Hepatitis B and C.Exposure to thorotrast.Opisthorchissinensis and clonorchis infection.
Pancreatitis
Caroli disease
Pyelonephritis
Ulcerative colitis
Caroli disease