All are seen in cirrhosis of liver except
(A) (Enlargement of testes) (943- Davidson 22nd)Clnical features of hepatic cirrhosis* Hepatomegaly (although liver may also be small)* Jaundice* Ascites* Circulatory changes spider telangiectasia, palmar erythema, cyanosis* Endocrine changes; loss of libido, hair lossMen; gynaecomastia, testicular atrophy, impotenceWomen ; breast atrophy, irregular menses, amenorrhoea* Haemorrhagic tendency; bruises, purpura, epistaxis* Portal hypertension; splenomegaly, collateral vessels, variceal bleeding* Hepatic (portosystemic) encephalopathy* Other features; pigmentation, digital clubbing, Dupuytren's contractureCommon precipitants of Hepaic Encephalopathy includeA. Increased nitrogen load as in;B. Electrolyte and Metabolic imbalance such as in1. GI bleeding1. Hypokalemia2. Excessive dietary protein intake2. Alkalosis3. Azotemia3. Hypoxia4. Constipation4. HyponatremiaC. Drugs: CNS depressant agents like narcotics, tranquillizers, sedativesD. Miscellaneous conditions like; infection0, surgeryQ, superimposed acute liver disease0* Anaemia may lead to cellular hypoxia at the level of liver cells and thus ppt, encephalopathyQ* Barbiturates are CNS depressant drugs and their injudicious use, therefore may precipitate hepaticQ encephalopathy,* Hypothyroidism, though not mentioned as a diret precipitating, factor, may contribute towards precipitating encephalopathy by causing constipation' or slowing down the intellectual and motor activity* Cause of vasodilatation in spider nevi is - Estrogen* Most common cause of pyogenic liver abscese is Biliary Tract Infections**HIGH YIELD FACTS1. Octreotide / Somatostatin analogue are agents of choice for medical management of variceal bleed. **2. Desmopressin is the drug of choice for central Diabetes Insipidus (Pituitary DI or Neurohypophyseal DI)
G.I.T.
Enlargement of testis
Gynaecomastia
Absence of pubic and facial hair
Loss of libido
Enlargement of testis