//! @brief Example Rust-based BPF program that issues a cross-program-invocation

#![allow(unreachable_code)]

extern crate solana_program;

use solana_bpf_rust_invoked::instruction::*;
use solana_program::{
    account_info::AccountInfo,
    entrypoint,
    entrypoint::{ProgramResult, MAX_PERMITTED_DATA_INCREASE},
    msg,
    program::{invoke, invoke_signed},
    program_error::ProgramError,
    pubkey::{Pubkey, PubkeyError},
    system_instruction,
};

const TEST_SUCCESS: u8 = 1;
const TEST_PRIVILEGE_ESCALATION_SIGNER: u8 = 2;
const TEST_PRIVILEGE_ESCALATION_WRITABLE: u8 = 3;
const TEST_PPROGRAM_NOT_EXECUTABLE: u8 = 4;
const TEST_EMPTY_ACCOUNTS_SLICE: u8 = 5;
const TEST_CAP_SEEDS: u8 = 6;
const TEST_CAP_SIGNERS: u8 = 7;
const TEST_ALLOC_ACCESS_VIOLATION: u8 = 8;
const TEST_INSTRUCTION_DATA_TOO_LARGE: u8 = 9;
const TEST_INSTRUCTION_META_TOO_LARGE: u8 = 10;
const TEST_RETURN_ERROR: u8 = 11;
const TEST_PRIVILEGE_DEESCALATION_ESCALATION_SIGNER: u8 = 12;
const TEST_PRIVILEGE_DEESCALATION_ESCALATION_WRITABLE: u8 = 13;

// const MINT_INDEX: usize = 0;
const ARGUMENT_INDEX: usize = 1;
const INVOKED_PROGRAM_INDEX: usize = 2;
const INVOKED_ARGUMENT_INDEX: usize = 3;
const INVOKED_PROGRAM_DUP_INDEX: usize = 4;
// const ARGUMENT_DUP_INDEX: usize = 5;
const DERIVED_KEY1_INDEX: usize = 6;
const DERIVED_KEY2_INDEX: usize = 7;
const DERIVED_KEY3_INDEX: usize = 8;
const SYSTEM_PROGRAM_INDEX: usize = 9;
const FROM_INDEX: usize = 10;

entrypoint!(process_instruction);
fn process_instruction(
    program_id: &Pubkey,
    accounts: &[AccountInfo],
    instruction_data: &[u8],
) -> ProgramResult {
    msg!("invoke Rust program");

    let bump_seed1 = instruction_data[1];
    let bump_seed2 = instruction_data[2];
    let bump_seed3 = instruction_data[3];

    match instruction_data[0] {
        TEST_SUCCESS => {
            msg!("Call system program create account");
            {
                let from_lamports = accounts[FROM_INDEX].lamports();
                let to_lamports = accounts[DERIVED_KEY1_INDEX].lamports();
                assert_eq!(accounts[DERIVED_KEY1_INDEX].data_len(), 0);
                assert!(solana_program::system_program::check_id(
                    accounts[DERIVED_KEY1_INDEX].owner
                ));

                let instruction = system_instruction::create_account(
                    accounts[FROM_INDEX].key,
                    accounts[DERIVED_KEY1_INDEX].key,
                    42,
                    MAX_PERMITTED_DATA_INCREASE as u64,
                    program_id,
                );
                invoke_signed(
                    &instruction,
                    accounts,
                    &[&[b"You pass butter", &[bump_seed1]]],
                )?;

                assert_eq!(accounts[FROM_INDEX].lamports(), from_lamports - 42);
                assert_eq!(accounts[DERIVED_KEY1_INDEX].lamports(), to_lamports + 42);
                assert_eq!(program_id, accounts[DERIVED_KEY1_INDEX].owner);
                assert_eq!(
                    accounts[DERIVED_KEY1_INDEX].data_len(),
                    MAX_PERMITTED_DATA_INCREASE
                );
                let mut data = accounts[DERIVED_KEY1_INDEX].try_borrow_mut_data()?;
                assert_eq!(data[MAX_PERMITTED_DATA_INCREASE - 1], 0);
                data[MAX_PERMITTED_DATA_INCREASE - 1] = 0x0f;
                assert_eq!(data[MAX_PERMITTED_DATA_INCREASE - 1], 0x0f);
                for i in 0..20 {
                    data[i] = i as u8;
                }
            }

            msg!("Call system program transfer");
            {
                let from_lamports = accounts[FROM_INDEX].lamports();
                let to_lamports = accounts[DERIVED_KEY1_INDEX].lamports();
                let instruction = system_instruction::transfer(
                    accounts[FROM_INDEX].key,
                    accounts[DERIVED_KEY1_INDEX].key,
                    1,
                );
                invoke(&instruction, accounts)?;
                assert_eq!(accounts[FROM_INDEX].lamports(), from_lamports - 1);
                assert_eq!(accounts[DERIVED_KEY1_INDEX].lamports(), to_lamports + 1);
            }

            msg!("Test data translation");
            {
                {
                    let mut data = accounts[ARGUMENT_INDEX].try_borrow_mut_data()?;
                    for i in 0..100 {
                        data[i as usize] = i;
                    }
                }

                let instruction = create_instruction(
                    *accounts[INVOKED_PROGRAM_INDEX].key,
                    &[
                        (accounts[ARGUMENT_INDEX].key, true, true),
                        (accounts[INVOKED_ARGUMENT_INDEX].key, true, true),
                        (accounts[INVOKED_PROGRAM_INDEX].key, false, false),
                        (accounts[INVOKED_PROGRAM_DUP_INDEX].key, false, false),
                    ],
                    vec![VERIFY_TRANSLATIONS, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5],
                );
                invoke(&instruction, accounts)?;
            }

            msg!("Test no instruction data");
            {
                let instruction = create_instruction(
                    *accounts[INVOKED_PROGRAM_INDEX].key,
                    &[(accounts[ARGUMENT_INDEX].key, true, true)],
                    vec![],
                );
                invoke(&instruction, accounts)?;
            }

            msg!("Test refcell usage");
            {
                let writable = INVOKED_ARGUMENT_INDEX;
                let readable = INVOKED_PROGRAM_INDEX;

                let instruction = create_instruction(
                    *accounts[INVOKED_PROGRAM_INDEX].key,
                    &[
                        (accounts[writable].key, true, true),
                        (accounts[readable].key, false, false),
                    ],
                    vec![RETURN_OK, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5],
                );

                // success with this account configuration as a check
                invoke(&instruction, accounts)?;

                {
                    // writable but lamports borrow_mut'd
                    let _ref_mut = accounts[writable].try_borrow_mut_lamports()?;
                    assert_eq!(
                        invoke(&instruction, accounts),
                        Err(ProgramError::AccountBorrowFailed)
                    );
                }
                {
                    // writable but data borrow_mut'd
                    let _ref_mut = accounts[writable].try_borrow_mut_data()?;
                    assert_eq!(
                        invoke(&instruction, accounts),
                        Err(ProgramError::AccountBorrowFailed)
                    );
                }
                {
                    // writable but lamports borrow'd
                    let _ref_mut = accounts[writable].try_borrow_lamports()?;
                    assert_eq!(
                        invoke(&instruction, accounts),
                        Err(ProgramError::AccountBorrowFailed)
                    );
                }
                {
                    // writable but data borrow'd
                    let _ref_mut = accounts[writable].try_borrow_data()?;
                    assert_eq!(
                        invoke(&instruction, accounts),
                        Err(ProgramError::AccountBorrowFailed)
                    );
                }
                {
                    // readable but lamports borrow_mut'd
                    let _ref_mut = accounts[readable].try_borrow_mut_lamports()?;
                    assert_eq!(
                        invoke(&instruction, accounts),
                        Err(ProgramError::AccountBorrowFailed)
                    );
                }
                {
                    // readable but data borrow_mut'd
                    let _ref_mut = accounts[readable].try_borrow_mut_data()?;
                    assert_eq!(
                        invoke(&instruction, accounts),
                        Err(ProgramError::AccountBorrowFailed)
                    );
                }
                {
                    // readable but lamports borrow'd
                    let _ref_mut = accounts[readable].try_borrow_lamports()?;
                    invoke(&instruction, accounts)?;
                }
                {
                    // readable but data borrow'd
                    let _ref_mut = accounts[readable].try_borrow_data()?;
                    invoke(&instruction, accounts)?;
                }
            }

            msg!("Test create_program_address");
            {
                assert_eq!(
                    &Pubkey::create_program_address(
                        &[b"You pass butter", &[bump_seed1]],
                        program_id
                    )?,
                    accounts[DERIVED_KEY1_INDEX].key
                );
                assert_eq!(
                    Pubkey::create_program_address(&[b"You pass butter"], &Pubkey::default())
                        .unwrap_err(),
                    PubkeyError::InvalidSeeds
                );
            }

            msg!("Test try_find_program_address");
            {
                let (address, bump_seed) =
                    Pubkey::try_find_program_address(&[b"You pass butter"], program_id).unwrap();
                assert_eq!(&address, accounts[DERIVED_KEY1_INDEX].key);
                assert_eq!(bump_seed, bump_seed1);
                assert_eq!(
                    Pubkey::create_program_address(&[b"You pass butter"], &Pubkey::default())
                        .unwrap_err(),
                    PubkeyError::InvalidSeeds
                );
            }

            msg!("Test derived signers");
            {
                assert!(!accounts[DERIVED_KEY1_INDEX].is_signer);
                assert!(!accounts[DERIVED_KEY2_INDEX].is_signer);
                assert!(!accounts[DERIVED_KEY3_INDEX].is_signer);

                let invoked_instruction = create_instruction(
                    *accounts[INVOKED_PROGRAM_INDEX].key,
                    &[
                        (accounts[INVOKED_PROGRAM_INDEX].key, false, false),
                        (accounts[DERIVED_KEY1_INDEX].key, true, true),
                        (accounts[DERIVED_KEY2_INDEX].key, true, false),
                        (accounts[DERIVED_KEY3_INDEX].key, false, false),
                    ],
                    vec![DERIVED_SIGNERS, bump_seed2, bump_seed3],
                );
                invoke_signed(
                    &invoked_instruction,
                    accounts,
                    &[&[b"You pass butter", &[bump_seed1]]],
                )?;
            }

            msg!("Test readonly with writable account");
            {
                let invoked_instruction = create_instruction(
                    *accounts[INVOKED_PROGRAM_INDEX].key,
                    &[(accounts[ARGUMENT_INDEX].key, false, true)],
                    vec![VERIFY_WRITER],
                );
                invoke(&invoked_instruction, accounts)?;
            }

            msg!("Test nested invoke");
            {
                assert!(accounts[ARGUMENT_INDEX].is_signer);

                **accounts[ARGUMENT_INDEX].lamports.borrow_mut() -= 5;
                **accounts[INVOKED_ARGUMENT_INDEX].lamports.borrow_mut() += 5;

                msg!("First invoke");
                let instruction = create_instruction(
                    *accounts[INVOKED_PROGRAM_INDEX].key,
                    &[
                        (accounts[ARGUMENT_INDEX].key, true, true),
                        (accounts[INVOKED_ARGUMENT_INDEX].key, true, true),
                        (accounts[INVOKED_PROGRAM_DUP_INDEX].key, false, false),
                        (accounts[INVOKED_PROGRAM_DUP_INDEX].key, false, false),
                    ],
                    vec![NESTED_INVOKE],
                );
                invoke(&instruction, accounts)?;
                msg!("2nd invoke from first program");
                invoke(&instruction, accounts)?;

                assert_eq!(accounts[ARGUMENT_INDEX].lamports(), 42 - 5 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1);
                assert_eq!(
                    accounts[INVOKED_ARGUMENT_INDEX].lamports(),
                    10 + 5 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1
                );
            }

            msg!("Test privilege deescalation");
            {
                assert!(accounts[INVOKED_ARGUMENT_INDEX].is_signer);
                assert!(accounts[INVOKED_ARGUMENT_INDEX].is_writable);
                let invoked_instruction = create_instruction(
                    *accounts[INVOKED_PROGRAM_INDEX].key,
                    &[(accounts[INVOKED_ARGUMENT_INDEX].key, false, false)],
                    vec![VERIFY_PRIVILEGE_DEESCALATION],
                );
                invoke(&invoked_instruction, accounts)?;
            }

            msg!("Verify data values are retained and updated");
            {
                let data = accounts[ARGUMENT_INDEX].try_borrow_data()?;
                for i in 0..100 {
                    assert_eq!(data[i as usize], i);
                }
                let data = accounts[INVOKED_ARGUMENT_INDEX].try_borrow_data()?;
                for i in 0..10 {
                    assert_eq!(data[i as usize], i);
                }
            }

            msg!("Verify data write before cpi call with deescalated writable");
            {
                {
                    let mut data = accounts[ARGUMENT_INDEX].try_borrow_mut_data()?;
                    for i in 0..100 {
                        data[i as usize] = 42;
                    }
                }

                let invoked_instruction = create_instruction(
                    *accounts[INVOKED_PROGRAM_INDEX].key,
                    &[(accounts[ARGUMENT_INDEX].key, false, false)],
                    vec![VERIFY_PRIVILEGE_DEESCALATION],
                );
                invoke(&invoked_instruction, accounts)?;

                let data = accounts[ARGUMENT_INDEX].try_borrow_data()?;
                for i in 0..100 {
                    assert_eq!(data[i as usize], 42);
                }
            }

            msg!("Test writable deescalation");
            {
                const NUM_BYTES: usize = 10;
                let mut buffer = [0; NUM_BYTES];
                buffer.copy_from_slice(
                    &accounts[INVOKED_ARGUMENT_INDEX].data.borrow_mut()[..NUM_BYTES],
                );

                let instruction = create_instruction(
                    *accounts[INVOKED_PROGRAM_INDEX].key,
                    &[(accounts[INVOKED_ARGUMENT_INDEX].key, false, false)],
                    vec![WRITE_ACCOUNT, NUM_BYTES as u8],
                );
                let _ = invoke(&instruction, accounts);

                assert_eq!(
                    buffer,
                    accounts[INVOKED_ARGUMENT_INDEX].data.borrow_mut()[..NUM_BYTES]
                );
            }
        }
        TEST_PRIVILEGE_ESCALATION_SIGNER => {
            msg!("Test privilege escalation signer");
            let mut invoked_instruction = create_instruction(
                *accounts[INVOKED_PROGRAM_INDEX].key,
                &[(accounts[DERIVED_KEY3_INDEX].key, false, false)],
                vec![VERIFY_PRIVILEGE_ESCALATION],
            );
            invoke(&invoked_instruction, accounts)?;

            // Signer privilege escalation will always fail the whole transaction
            invoked_instruction.accounts[0].is_signer = true;
            invoke(&invoked_instruction, accounts)?;
        }
        TEST_PRIVILEGE_ESCALATION_WRITABLE => {
            msg!("Test privilege escalation writable");
            let mut invoked_instruction = create_instruction(
                *accounts[INVOKED_PROGRAM_INDEX].key,
                &[(accounts[DERIVED_KEY3_INDEX].key, false, false)],
                vec![VERIFY_PRIVILEGE_ESCALATION],
            );
            invoke(&invoked_instruction, accounts)?;

            // Writable privilege escalation will always fail the whole transaction
            invoked_instruction.accounts[0].is_writable = true;

            invoke(&invoked_instruction, accounts)?;
        }
        TEST_PPROGRAM_NOT_EXECUTABLE => {
            msg!("Test program not executable");
            let instruction = create_instruction(
                *accounts[ARGUMENT_INDEX].key,
                &[(accounts[ARGUMENT_INDEX].key, true, true)],
                vec![RETURN_OK],
            );
            invoke(&instruction, accounts)?;
        }
        TEST_EMPTY_ACCOUNTS_SLICE => {
            msg!("Empty accounts slice");
            let instruction = create_instruction(
                *accounts[INVOKED_PROGRAM_INDEX].key,
                &[(accounts[INVOKED_ARGUMENT_INDEX].key, false, false)],
                vec![],
            );
            invoke(&instruction, &[])?;
        }
        TEST_CAP_SEEDS => {
            msg!("Test program max seeds");
            let instruction = create_instruction(*accounts[INVOKED_PROGRAM_INDEX].key, &[], vec![]);
            invoke_signed(
                &instruction,
                accounts,
                &[&[
                    b"1", b"2", b"3", b"4", b"5", b"6", b"7", b"8", b"9", b"0", b"1", b"2", b"3",
                    b"4", b"5", b"6", b"7",
                ]],
            )?;
        }
        TEST_CAP_SIGNERS => {
            msg!("Test program max signers");
            let instruction = create_instruction(*accounts[INVOKED_PROGRAM_INDEX].key, &[], vec![]);
            invoke_signed(
                &instruction,
                accounts,
                &[
                    &[b"1"],
                    &[b"2"],
                    &[b"3"],
                    &[b"4"],
                    &[b"5"],
                    &[b"6"],
                    &[b"7"],
                    &[b"8"],
                    &[b"9"],
                    &[b"0"],
                    &[b"1"],
                    &[b"2"],
                    &[b"3"],
                    &[b"4"],
                    &[b"5"],
                    &[b"6"],
                    &[b"7"],
                ],
            )?;
        }
        TEST_ALLOC_ACCESS_VIOLATION => {
            msg!("Test resize violation");
            let pubkey = *accounts[FROM_INDEX].key;
            let owner = *accounts[FROM_INDEX].owner;
            let ptr = accounts[FROM_INDEX].data.borrow().as_ptr() as u64 as *mut _;
            let len = accounts[FROM_INDEX].data_len();
            let mut data = unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts_mut(ptr, len) };
            let mut lamports = accounts[FROM_INDEX].lamports();
            let from_info = AccountInfo::new(
                &pubkey,
                false,
                true,
                &mut lamports,
                &mut data,
                &owner,
                false,
                0,
            );

            let pubkey = *accounts[DERIVED_KEY1_INDEX].key;
            let owner = *accounts[DERIVED_KEY1_INDEX].owner;
            // Point to top edge of heap, attempt to allocate into unprivileged memory
            let mut data = unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts_mut(0x300007ff8 as *mut _, 0) };
            let mut lamports = accounts[DERIVED_KEY1_INDEX].lamports();
            let derived_info = AccountInfo::new(
                &pubkey,
                false,
                true,
                &mut lamports,
                &mut data,
                &owner,
                false,
                0,
            );

            let pubkey = *accounts[SYSTEM_PROGRAM_INDEX].key;
            let owner = *accounts[SYSTEM_PROGRAM_INDEX].owner;
            let ptr = accounts[SYSTEM_PROGRAM_INDEX].data.borrow().as_ptr() as u64 as *mut _;
            let len = accounts[SYSTEM_PROGRAM_INDEX].data_len();
            let mut data = unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts_mut(ptr, len) };
            let mut lamports = accounts[SYSTEM_PROGRAM_INDEX].lamports();
            let system_info = AccountInfo::new(
                &pubkey,
                false,
                false,
                &mut lamports,
                &mut data,
                &owner,
                true,
                0,
            );

            let instruction = system_instruction::create_account(
                accounts[FROM_INDEX].key,
                accounts[DERIVED_KEY1_INDEX].key,
                42,
                MAX_PERMITTED_DATA_INCREASE as u64,
                program_id,
            );

            invoke_signed(
                &instruction,
                &[system_info.clone(), from_info.clone(), derived_info.clone()],
                &[&[b"You pass butter", &[bump_seed1]]],
            )?;
        }
        TEST_INSTRUCTION_DATA_TOO_LARGE => {
            msg!("Test instruction data too large");
            let instruction =
                create_instruction(*accounts[INVOKED_PROGRAM_INDEX].key, &[], vec![0; 1500]);
            invoke_signed(&instruction, &[], &[])?;
        }
        TEST_INSTRUCTION_META_TOO_LARGE => {
            msg!("Test instruction metas too large");
            let instruction = create_instruction(
                *accounts[INVOKED_PROGRAM_INDEX].key,
                &[(&Pubkey::default(), false, false); 40],
                vec![],
            );
            invoke_signed(&instruction, &[], &[])?;
        }
        TEST_RETURN_ERROR => {
            msg!("Test return error");
            let instruction = create_instruction(
                *accounts[INVOKED_PROGRAM_INDEX].key,
                &[(accounts[INVOKED_ARGUMENT_INDEX].key, false, true)],
                vec![RETURN_ERROR],
            );
            let _ = invoke(&instruction, accounts);
        }
        TEST_PRIVILEGE_DEESCALATION_ESCALATION_SIGNER => {
            msg!("Test privilege deescalation escalation signer");
            assert!(accounts[INVOKED_ARGUMENT_INDEX].is_signer);
            assert!(accounts[INVOKED_ARGUMENT_INDEX].is_writable);
            let invoked_instruction = create_instruction(
                *accounts[INVOKED_PROGRAM_INDEX].key,
                &[
                    (accounts[INVOKED_PROGRAM_INDEX].key, false, false),
                    (accounts[INVOKED_ARGUMENT_INDEX].key, false, false),
                ],
                vec![VERIFY_PRIVILEGE_DEESCALATION_ESCALATION_SIGNER],
            );
            invoke(&invoked_instruction, accounts)?;
        }
        TEST_PRIVILEGE_DEESCALATION_ESCALATION_WRITABLE => {
            msg!("Test privilege deescalation escalation writable");
            assert!(accounts[INVOKED_ARGUMENT_INDEX].is_signer);
            assert!(accounts[INVOKED_ARGUMENT_INDEX].is_writable);
            let invoked_instruction = create_instruction(
                *accounts[INVOKED_PROGRAM_INDEX].key,
                &[
                    (accounts[INVOKED_PROGRAM_INDEX].key, false, false),
                    (accounts[INVOKED_ARGUMENT_INDEX].key, false, false),
                ],
                vec![VERIFY_PRIVILEGE_DEESCALATION_ESCALATION_WRITABLE],
            );
            invoke(&invoked_instruction, accounts)?;
        }
        _ => panic!(),
    }

    Ok(())
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod test {
    use super::*;

    #[test]
    fn create_program_address_is_defined() {
        assert_eq!(
            Pubkey::create_program_address(&[b"You pass butter"], &Pubkey::default()).unwrap_err(),
            PubkeyError::InvalidSeeds
        );
    }
}
