Every JavaScript function is actually a Function object. This can be seen with the code (function(){}).constructor === Function, which returns true.



Creates a new Function object. Calling the constructor directly can create functions dynamically but suffers from security and similar (but far less significant) performance issues to Global_Objects/eval. However, unlike eval, the Function constructor creates functions that execute in the global scope only.

Instance properties


An array corresponding to the arguments passed to a function. This is deprecated as a property of Function. Use the arguments object (available within the function) instead.


Specifies the function that invoked the currently executing function. This property is deprecated, and is only functional for some non-strict functions.


The display name of the function.


Specifies the number of arguments expected by the function.

The name of the function.

Instance methods

Function.prototype.apply(thisArg [, argsArray])

Calls a function and sets its this to the provided thisArg. Arguments can be passed as an Array object.


Creates a new function which, when called, has its this set to the provided thisArg. Optionally, a given sequence of arguments will be prepended to arguments provided the newly-bound function is called.[, arg1, arg2, ...argN])

Calls a function and sets its this to the provided value. Arguments can be passed as they are.


Returns a string representing the source code of the function. Overrides the Object.prototype.toString method.


Difference between Function constructor and function declaration

Functions created with the Function constructor do not create closures to their creation contexts; they always are created in the global scope. When running them, they will only be able to access their own local variables and global ones, not the ones from the scope in which the Function constructor was created. This is different from using Global_Objects/eval with code for a function expression.

var x = 10;

function createFunction1() {
    var x = 20;
    return new Function('return x;'); // this |x| refers global |x|

function createFunction2() {
    var x = 20;
    function f() {
        return x; // this |x| refers local |x| above
    return f;

var f1 = createFunction1();
console.log(f1());          // 10
var f2 = createFunction2();
console.log(f2());          // 20

While this code works in web browsers, f1() will produce a ReferenceError in Node.js, as x will not be found. This is because the top-level scope in Node is not the global scope, and x will be local to the module.


ECMAScript Language Specification (ECMAScript)
# sec-function-objects

Browser compatibility

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See also