Since 1978, and adjusted for inflation, American workers have seen an 11.2 percent increase in compensation. During that same period, CEO’s have seen a 937 percent increase in earnings. That salary growth is even 70 percent faster than the rise in the stock market, according to the Economic Policy Institute.

CEO pay still remains high compared to that of “very high wage earners.” The average CEO in a large firm earns 5.33 times the annual earnings of those in the .1 percent.

Though some argue that CEO pay is based on experience and what their role entails, the study finds that’s actually not the case.

“CEOs are getting more because of their power to set pay, not because they are more productive or have special talent or have more education,” says the report. “Exorbitant CEO pay means that the fruits of economic growth are not going to ordinary workers, since the higher CEO pay does not reflect correspondingly higher output.”

However, economists say that it’s difficult, if not impossible, to pinpoint the right amount a CEO should be paid.

“There is no one that can definitively say that’s too much or too little,” says Bloom. The Stanford professor adds that the job of a CEO is a difficult one that has a heavy impact on the economy and the company’s employees. With this in mind, businesses want to lure in the best possible candidate and one way to to do that is through salary.

“Being a CEO of a big company is a hundred-hour-a-week job. It consumes your life. It consumes your weekend. It’s super-stressful,” Bloom explains on the podcast. “You really want to make sure that they’re motivated and also rewarded. “

Yale leadership expert Jeff Sonnenfeld says that the main issue isn’t so much the astronomical pay, but rather the disparity between performance and pay.

The United Parcel Service is a very strong company, yet ranks low in terms of compensation, he tells the podcast. “But Philippe Dauman, who ran Viacom until recently, was being paid more than the very high-performing CEOs of Disney and Time Warner combined. And Viacom was a disaster.”

The Economic Policy Institute argues that CEO pay should decrease. Contrary to popular belief, their research shows that if this were to occur, there would be no “adverse impact on output or employment.” Here are the four key ways the institute says to address this issue:

  1. Reinstate higher marginal income tax rates at the very top.
  2. Remove the tax break for executive performance pay.
  3. Set corporate tax rates higher for firms that have higher ratios of CEO-to-worker compensation.

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