John Macleod


John James Rickard Macleod

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John James Rickard Macleod
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1923

Born: 6 September 1876, Cluny, Scotland

Died: 16 March 1935, Aberdeen, Scotland

Affiliation at the time of the award: University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

Prize motivation: "for the discovery of insulin."

Prize share: 1/2


Diabetes is the body's inability to metabolize sugar correctly. Doctors realized that diabetes is caused by a lack of insulin, which is formed in parts of the pancreas, but could not prove it. Frederick Banting suspected that another substance formed in the pancreas, trypsin, broke down the insulin. In John MacLeod's laboratory in 1921, Frederick Banting and Charles Best treated dogs so that they no longer produced trypsin. Insulin could then be extracted and used to treat diabetes.

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MLA style: John Macleod – Facts. Nobel Media AB 2019. Thu. 19 Sep 2019. <>


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