Database Normalization: Explain 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF With Examples + PDF: The purpose of normalization is to make the life of users easier. Insertion, Updation and Deletion Anamolies are very frequent if database is not normalized. To understand these anomalies let us take an example of a Student . A relation is said to be in 2NF, if it is already in 1NF and each and every In the 3NF example,Stud_ID is super-key in Student_Detail relation.

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To achieve the same 1NF to 2NFwe can rather break it into 2 tables:. Judy Peterson December 5, Doug Mather December 4, 7: Functional dependencies in dith table above: At the higher levels of normalization, the teaching and use of database normalization slows down substantially mostly because most of the tables are in direct violation of the 4NF.

However, think about the case when there are hundreds of courses and instructors and for each instructor, we have to store not just the mobile number, but eaxmple other details like office address, email address, specialization, availability, etc.

The above is a simplified example of how database normalization works. Jax 4, 3 22 Let us take another example of storing student enrollment in n3f courses.


In the table above, we have data of 4 Computer Sci. So, it is also a superkey. Andrea Harris December 4, For example, if you have an employee dimension and the employee belongs xeample a particular department.

A superkey whose size number of columns is the smallest is called as a candidate key. What is a Primary Key?

A foreign key is used to join with the fact table. Normalization applies to get rid of the dependencies and having minimal fields in the data table. Database Normalization Examples – Assume a video library maintains a database of movies rented out.

Wkth any normalization, all information is stored in one table as shown below.

Normalization of Database

Second Normal Form 2NF: What is the difference between database and data warehouse? Sylvia Boone December 5, 9: The data is divided into multiple tables to achieve data integrity and data redundancy. Here you see Movies Rented column has multiple values. The design needs to be modified in order to conform to the BCNF. Normalization of data can be considered a process of analysing the given relation schemas based on their Functional Dependencies and primary keys to achieve the following properties: The greater the granularity, the deeper level of detail so the granular data means detailed data.


There must not be rxample partial dependency of any column on the primary key. I am an Indian blogger and ranked at number 4th on all time favorite bloggers of India. Consider the following functional dependencies: Normalization is to make sure that all fields in the table only belongs to the one domain and avoid null fields.

DBMS Normalization: 1NF, 2NF, 3NF and BCNF with Examples

Do you know how many different. Normalization helps produce database systems that are cost-effective and have better security models. Annie Martinez December 4, It has following attributes A primary key cannot be NULL A primary key value must be unique The primary key values cannot be changed The primary key must be given a value when a new record is inserted. Jack Graw December 4, 7: We will now more formally study it.

Normalization is used for mainly two purposes, Eliminating reduntant useless data.

In the Star schema, dimensions are denormalized.