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Cumulative Coffee Consumption and Reduced Risk of Oral and Oropharyngeal Cancer

Biazevic, Maria Gabriela Haye, Toporcov, Tatiana Natasha, Antunes, José Leopoldo Ferreira, Rotundo, Ligia Drovandi Braga, Brasileiro, Rosana Sarmento, Carvalho, Marcos Brasilino de, Filho, José Francisco de Góis, Kowalski, Luiz Paulo
Nutrition and cancer 2011 v.63 no.3 pp. 350-356
alcoholic beverages, bacon, burden of disease, case-control studies, coffee (beverage), confidence interval, correlation, drug therapy, hospitals, household income, odds ratio, patients, regression analysis, risk, salads, smoking (habit), squamous cell carcinoma, Brazil
We examined the association between coffee consumption and oral cancer in a hospital-based case-control study comprising 143 patients with oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma attended at 3 major hospitals in São Paulo, Brazil, and 240 controls without cancer, recruited from outpatient units of the same hospitals and matched with cases by sex and age. Associations were assessed by multivariate logistic regression conditioned on sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics. Tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking, and higher intake of bacon and deep-fried foods were directly related to disease; the inverse was observed to family income and salad intake. Coffee consumption and tobacco smoking were partially correlated (Spearman correlation coefficient 0.14 among cases, 0.31 among controls). When adjusted for all covariates, a cumulative coffee consumption higher than 18.0 daily liters × year during lifetime was indicated to be protective against disease (adjusted odds ratio 0.39, 95% confidence interval 0.16–0.94, P = 0.037). This observation may have pharmacological implications for clinical medication of these cancers and is relevant to programs aimed at reducing the burden of disease.