Does Alcohol Deplete Your Sodium Level?

Written by Alissa Fleck; Updated December 17, 2018

Depleted sodium levels in the body’s fluids -- also known as hyponatremia -- is a metabolic condition that can be caused by a variety of factors. Sodium in the body’s fluids outside the cells is crucial for maintaining healthy blood pressure levels and proper nerve and muscle functioning. Alcohol consumption can be one contributing factor to hyponatremia.

Alcohol Consumption and Hyponatremia

One major cause of sodium depletion is liver cirrhosis. Cirrhosis -- or reduced liver function and liver scarring -- can be caused by long-term alcohol abuse. Hyponatremia can also be caused by vomiting and increased urination, both of which can be side effects of alcohol consumption. Dehydration -- which can result from drinking alcohol -- may also lead to sodium depletion.

Other Causes of Hyponatremia

Hyponatremia is an electrolyte disorder caused by an imbalance of water and salt levels in the body. It can also be caused by burns, heart failure, diarrhea, diuretic medications, kidney diseases, sweating and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion. A health professional can tell you with certainty whether you’re experiencing this disorder. Hyponatremia, in many cases, can be prevented with proper electrolyte consumption and balance. Treatment varies, depending on the cause of the disorder.

Symptoms of Depleted Sodium

Depleted sodium in the body’s fluids can lead to a variety of symptoms. These include affected mental status, convulsions, fatigue, headache, irritability, vomiting, nausea, loss of appetite and impaired muscle function. Complications can become more severe with acute hyponatremia -- when the disorder has a more sudden onset. Seek immediate emergency assistance if you believe you have symptoms of hyponatremia.

Other Effects of Alcohol Consumption

Besides sodium depletion, drinking alcohol can have other short- and long-term effects on your body. Alcohol can interfere with brain, heart, liver and pancreas functioning. It also increases the risk of developing certain cancers. Drinking alcohol can take a toll on the body’s immune system, weakening it and making the body an easier target for disease.

About the Author

Alissa Fleck


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