EPA Designation Regulated
EPA Classification Inorganic Chemicals
EPA Levels 1,2 4 MCLG (mg/L)
4 MCLG (mg/L)
Alternative Names none
Sources Water additive which promotes strong teeth; erosion of natural deposits; discharge from fertilizer and aluminum factories
Fluoride-containing compounds are used in topical and systemic fluoride therapy for preventing tooth decay. They are used for water fluoridation and in many products associated with oral hygiene.[12] Originally, sodium fluoride was used to fluoridate wate


Fluoride compounds are salts that form when the element, fluorine, combines with minerals in soil or rocks.Uses for fluoride.


Many communities add fluoride to their drinking water to promote dental health.

Health Effects

Exposure to excessive consumption of fluoride over a lifetime may lead to increased likelihood of bone fractures in adults, and may result in effects on bone leading to pain and tenderness. Children aged 8 years and younger exposed to excessive amounts of fluoride have an increased chance of developing pits in the tooth enamel, along with a range of cosmetic effects to teeth.

EPA Data Source: Fluoride

EPA Definitions:

1Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) - The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow for a margin of safety and are non-enforceable public health goals.

Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) - The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. MCLs are set as close to MCLGs as feasible using the best available treatment technology and taking cost into consideration. MCLs are enforceable standards.


(TT) Treatment Technique - A required process intended to reduce the level of a contaminant in drinking water.


2 Units are in milligrams per liter (mg/L) unless otherwise noted. Milligrams per liter are equivalent to parts per million.