Henry VIII: September 1524, 11-20

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September 1524

11 Sept.
R. O.
Has received his letters of the 31st Aug., and heard the credence of "Mons. le Docteur" (Knighte) and Jerningham about the descent of his army here. Has ordered the principal councillors of the Emperor to consult with them. Believes his ambassadors have informed him of their advice. Has charged De Praet to do the same. Brussels, 11 Sept. 1524. Signed.
Fr., p. 1. Add. Endd.
11 Sept.
Fenn MSS. (fn. 1)
Has received his letter of the 18th June, thanking her for having caused his goods arrested here to be discharged, and ordering compensation to be made to him, but complaining that this had been delayed jusques en fin de cause. Knight can bear witness how she has bestirred herself in the matter. Has herself paid expences to the sum of 300 livres, but has no power to liberate goods in arrest a requeste de partie. Even the Emperor could not do it without reimbursing the plaintiff himself. Brussels, 11 Sept. '24. Signed.
Fr., p. 1. Add.
Account of the losses sustained by the duke of Norfolk, owing to the seizure of certain goods of his in Flanders by Jehan Jehanson Vaght and others of Middelborow.
Fr., pp. 2. Endd.
11 Sept.
Galba, B. VIII. 121. B. M.
Has received his letter from Jerningham, who has told him of Henry's intention to send over into France an army of 9,000 or 10,000 English foot, and 3,000 Almains, in addition to 3,000 horse and 1,000 Almains sent by the Emperor. Has talked over the affair with Jerningham, and thinks the force is too small, as they must be able to sustain a battle as well as Bourbon, who, he understands, has 30,000 Spanish and Almain foot, 1,500 men-at-arms, and 2,000 light horse. Their own force is only 12,000 or 14,000 foot and 700 men-at-arms, so that the French king will probably attack them instead of Bourbon; and if they are defeated, Bourbon will be in great danger. Advises him to send 10,000 men, and afterwards the pioneers, carpenters, and workmen for the artillery; and also to take 2,000 horse of Cleves and 4,000 Almain foot, 3,000 horse with 1,000 that they will have, to make their joint forces 15,000 foot and 6,000 horse. Will require plenty of horse to convey provisions, and scouts for forage, and to keep watch day and night. It may also be necessary to leave men to keep certain places. If it come to battle the party that has most horse will be best off. Brussels, 11 Sept. 1524. Signed.
Fr., pp. 3. Add. Endd.
11 Sept.
Rym. XIV. 23.
Bull for suppressing additional monasteries to the value of 3,000 ducats, besides the monastery of St. Frideswide, Oxford, which was suppressed by virtue of a bull of 3 non. April. 1524, for the endowment of his college. Rome, 11 Sept. 1524.
R. O. 2. Draft patent to give effect to the preceding.
Corrected draft, four leaves, one written on both sides.
S. B. 3. Signed bill for the same.
R. O. 4. Letters patent for the same.
Licence for incorporating, for the use of his college in Oxford, Littlemore, Tykford, Ravenston, Daventre, Bradwell, Canwell, Sandwell, Tonbridge, Liesnes, Begham, Causay, Wiks, Tiptre, Blakamore, Stanesgate, Horkislegh, Thobye, Poghley, Wallingford, Dodneshe, and Snape; with leave also to annex all the dependencies belonging to St. Frideswide's at its dissolution.
Lat., pp. 11. Draft in Wriothesley's hand.
12 Sept.
Cal. B. III. 80. B. M.
Received his letter on Friday last by David Fawconer's servant, a letter to the Queen, a copy of one from the Cardinal, and one in French to Norfolk from the duke of Bourbon. Delivered her letters to the Queen. Urged her for the sending of the two bishops to Berwick, and the restitution of the two ships taken by the Scots coming from Iceland. Visited her next morning; spoke with Arran and the abbot of Paisley for the restitution. Waited, at the King's command, in the abbey church of Holyrood, until the King her son should come there to the requiem mass for the late King. The Queen thinks the Scotch lords will not allow the two bishops to pass to Berwick, and that the prizes were lawful, but he will have more certain answer in three days. Will bruit the news of Bourbon's letter over Scotland.
Arran, who is much influenced by the Carrs, has revoked the abbot of Holyrood's authority as president of the Council, who had been appointed by the Queen thereto, and was to be associated with the abbot of Paisley to settle complaints. Justice is at a standstill. The Commons complain that the Queen usurps all authority, taking counsel of none but Arran. She will be deposed by the party who favor Angus, if she is not better advised. Lennox and Glencairn left yesterday in dudgeon. On Friday last the lairds of Cesford and Buccleuch were called before the Council for variances between them; and, at Arran's suggestion, the Queen has confined Buccleuch in the castle of Edinburgh, notwithstanding his promise of safe-conduct. Lennox is much discontented. Cesford is very obstinate, and is a prisoner. William Bawcaskye, merchant, freighted a cargo of salmon for Berwick; it was stopped five miles off Dunbar, and captured by the Frenchmen there. The Queen has named, for ambassadors to England, the bishop of Dunkeld, late bishop of Ross, the earl of Cassillis, Sir Will. Scott, the dean of Dunkeld, or else Patrick Haliburton. Sends a copy of all the Acts passed at this Parliament. Edinburgh, Monday, 12 Sept. Signed.
Pp. 5. Add.: "To my lord of Norfolk's grace."
12 Sept.
Vit. B. VI. 198. B. M.
The archbishop of Capua left on the 8th for France, intending to go thence to the Emperor and the king of England, as he did before. No fresh resolution for peace or truce has been taken. The French persist in mere negatives, and will propose nothing; but he thinks they would consent if Provence were restored, and the Emperor's army recalled. De la Roche seemed to make no great sticking at that, and if he had lived would doubtless have agreed to it, for he was much afraid of success there. There was more reason for fear then than now, for it is well known that the French king has no army at all able to meet the Emperor's. Since De la Roche's death the Pope has had little to do with them, for the duke of Suessa says he has a commission, but does not know the Emperor's mind as De la Roche did, and matters are therefore in suspense until he hears again. It is thought that if Marseilles be taken, which seems likely, the Emperor will in no wise give it up during the truce. The Pope thinks, if it be taken, we shall be able to get any terms, and that the French would give up any part of France to recover Provence, so that the King would be able to ask the more in treating of peace, for the Emperor has sufficiently provided for himself. The Archbishop's chief commission is to procure this diet. The Imperialists say he has private business for the Pope in France; but that is of no consequence, if he does not neglect public affairs.
Thinks the Pope is thoroughly well minded to the common cause. He could not have sent a better messenger than the Archbishop, who Clerk thinks will be with Wolsey by the middle of next month. Wolsey must thank him, for Clerk obtained, before he left, the bull for the supplement of 3,000 ducats more yearly to the college, besides what belongs to Fridiswide's already, which he now sends, together with a brief of plenary indulgence for the King and Queen, if they make an annual pilgrimage to Walsingham, St. Edmunds, or Canterbury, with power to name 20 other persons to partake of it. Advises him to write to thank the Pope and Datary. The Pope thinks that if the Emperor and the King send ambassadors to the Swiss, the French king would do the like, so that the Swiss would esteem themselves too highly, and not be had so cheap. He proposes to send an ambassador there, under the pretext of Luther's matters, who would, perhaps, have better chance, with less rumor to negociate with them. They intend to offer them 100,000 ducats yearly, "only that they shall ... by themselves, be assisting none other prince invade [any] part of Italy." The French king owes them 300,000 fl. de Reno, but it is thought they will ac[cept] the above offer; for if truce is taken for a term of years, it will be to their purpose to have such a pension. Does not think this agreement with the Swiss would be very beneficial to the King. It will protect the Italians, who will then not care either for peace or truce; for, apart from their fear of France, they cannot be better off than now.
The Pope has shown him a letter from the French king to his ambassador, intercepted in Milan and sent hither. The effect of which letter is, that understanding, from communications between his secretary and the prince of Orange, that Bourbon had intelligence in Avignon, and was determined to take it, he had, for the Pope's surety and his own, taken it himself, and removed all the officers, and put in those who were devoted to the Pope and himself; that he could do no less, as his ancestors had always been protectors of that city for the benefit of the Holy See; and that his Holiness need not fear the taking of it, as he must keep it for the victualling of his army. Told him he was much bound to the French king for taking so much care of his cities, and reminded him that Leo declared against France for a far less demonstration at Reggio and Parma; adding that he could not have a better occasion to break with France, and if he neglected it, he did not know what the King and the Emperor would think. He answered he had already spoken to the French ambassador about it, and that Francis would repent it if he did not redress it.
He seemed very evil contented at it. Rome, 12 Sept. Signed.
Pp. 5, mutilated.
12 Sept.
Galba, B. VIII. 123. B. M.
Jerningham arrived at Brussels on the 7th, and had audience of my lady Margaret next day in presence of divers lords. She made a general answer, desiring them to put their demands in writing, and divide them into separate articles, on which she would consult with her Council. Next day delivered the articles adjoined, and at two meetings received the answers prefixed to each article in the margin. Were asked what time the King's army would cross? Said it would not be advisable, considering the unreadiness already experienced in procuring necessaries here, to send it over till it was known what wagons, limoners, &c. would be ready; but if they were informed by what day such things would be prepared, the King would send word what time the army would pass. They suggested that Knighte and Jerningham should coufer with De Beaurain, Hesdin and others, as to the number of carriages and limoners that would be necessary, on which they would state by what time they could be got ready. Discussed with Beaurain and the others that afternoon what artillery should be required for the King's army.
Although Beaurain has altered the specialties of the pieces in the proportion given to Jerningham, the charge falls considerably below that allowed by Wolsey, as appears by a bill enclosed, of the number of limoners and wagons thought necessary. Another bill is adjoined, containing the estimate of ammunition, and carriage for it. As Beaurain thought the quantity of artillery very small, asked what number he intended to bring for the Emperor's part? He said he would report their request to my Lady, and tell them her pleasure at the next meeting. Next day he told us they were all of opinion everything could be got ready by the end of five weeks, though there might be some difficulty in getting limoners, of which there were none in the Emperor's countries, except those sent from the high parts of Almain, who, being once engaged, would require wages continually, even though not in active service; but if Wolsey please, my Lady will write to the duke of Cleves and the cardinal of Liege to help them. As to the artillery for their army, Beaurain says the King is bound to provide it, and furnish it with munitions at his own cost; in proof of which he showed them a special article in the treaty, which they inclose, and delivered a bill of the artillery he requires, also enclosed.
Hochstrate asked what number of horse and foot the King meant to send. Jerningham thought about 9,000 or 10,000, of which 1,000 would be horse, besides 3,000 lanzknechts the King would raise here. On this Hochstrate read a letter from De Praet before them and the Council, stating that Wolsey had told him Jerningham would raise 5,000 Almains and 2,000 horse to join the English, and that the King was bound by treaty to enter France with a sufficient force to besiege towns and give battle, which was very important at this time, as the army was liable to be diminished by men being left to garrison places taken; adding that the King would be exempt henceforward from contributing to the Duke's army, of which the Emperor would have the whole charge, amounting to 30,000 foot, 1,500 men-at-arms and 2,000 light horse, besides 4,000 which they meant to join the King's army. If the allied army was weak and conquered by the French, it would be a great disgrace. There were 800 French men-at-arms upon the frontiers, and they consider the King ought not to contribute less than 10,000 English, besides 4,000 Almains and 2,000 horse. He said that they were bound by the last treaty to continue their army with the King's for five months, of which time a great part is gone, and he wished to know if Wolsey would have them remain till the end of it, counting from the beginning of July, or for five months from the time of the two armies joining. Although there was an article that the allied army should keep together until they were recalled by the consent of both princes, it was expedient for them to be allowed some time to procure money before their departure, which could not be so well conveyed to them afterwards, and for setting new garrisons upon the frontiers. Think this would be advisable; and if Wolsey determine upon five months, as expressed in the last treaty, Beaurain says he will not leave with their army till he have money sufficient for that time.
Enclose a letter to Knighte from Messire Gregory, dated Metz, in Lorraine, the 4th inst., mentioning a rumor of the delivery of Marseilles, and stating that he hoped to be here again in 20 days. News has since come by other channels that Marseilles has been surrendered to Bourbon. The Hollanders, hearing of a truce between England and Scotland, have been anxious to enquire the certainty, as their living depends much upon fishing on the coast of Scotland, which they have been obliged to forbear for a long time. Brussels, 12 Sept. Signed.
In Knighte's hand, mutilated, pp. 9. Add.: To my lord Legate's good grace. Endd.
Galba, B. VIII.
93. B. M.
2. De Bure's opinion what will be required for the King's army next spring.
(1.) Artillery:—batteries, in order to take strong towns, viz., 4 double courtaulx, 10 other courtaulx, and 12 serpentines to each battery; in all, 52 pieces. (2.) Ammunition:—2,400 bullets of iron, each weighing 80 lb. for the double courtaulx; 10,000 bullets, each weighing 40 lb. for the courtaulx; 24,000 bullets, each weighing 10 lb. for the serpentines; in all, 36,400, weighing 832,000 lb., which, at 30 sous per 100 lb., delivered at Malines=6,240 cr. (3.) Powder:—2,000 barrels, each weighing 250 lbs., at 14 livres the 100 lb.=35,000 cr.
Fr., pp. 2.
(ii.) Further expences:—Horses to bring the artillery, 40 horses for each double courtall, 24 for each courtall, and 15 for each serpentine. Total, 1,160 horses, which, at 6 sous a horse per day=348 livres a day. Of which ammunition 600 barrels of powder should be brought into the field, and half the bullets, for which will be required 18 chariots, each drawn by 4 horses. Men of war, 6,000 Almain foot, and 2,000 Spaniards under De Wassenaer, at 4 fl. of gold of the Rhine, of 28 sous each, per month of 30 days=22,400 cr. 4,000 horse of Cleves and the Emperor's countries here, at 10 fl. each per month=28,000 cr.; or, if he would only keep 3,000=21,000 cr. 12,000 English, or as many as the King pleases, to take good towns, 2 or 3 siege trains, which he leaves to the King's discretion; 2,000 pioneers and 4 good chiefs, at the rate of 4 sous each a day=6,000 cr. a month. Total expence per month, 66,984 cr.; or, if he have only 3,000 horse of Cleves, 59,984 cr., not including the pay of the 12,000 English or of the gunners. Signed by Hesdin.
Fr., mutilated, pp. 3.
R. O. 3. Answer of the Archduchess to articles proposed to her by Jerningham.
1. To Jerningham's previous requisition that a force of horse and foot should be ready to invade France and wage war there for five months, and that provision should he made to meet their expences, the Archduchess replied that their promises would be performed even if she had to pawn all her property. The King considers this answer sufficiently kind, but the terms used are vague, and last year it was said that the troops could not be supported without a loan from the King; he wishes, therefore, an exact answer as to how they will act. 2. To the request that the Emperor's lieutenant should be ordered to lead his army where the King's lieutenant thinks best, it was answered that this ought to be determined by consultation of the two lieutenants. The King is surprised that any difficulty is made, for of late years his army has always followed the direction of the Emperor's lieutenant, and, besides, the Archduchess's troops are merely to assist the King to gain his rights in France in return for the expence he has incurred in assisting the Emperor, and it does not seem just that France should be invaded now, except as his lieutenant directs. The ambassadors wish for a plain declaration of their meaning. 3. As to her suggestion that the King should have a larger number of German foot than was agreed upon, he answers that the army he will send from England with the Germans whom Jerningham will levy, and those contributed by the Archduchess, will be strong enough for all operations against the common enemy. 4. He will not send his army till he hears that Bourbon has crossed the Rhone, but preparations must be made that the common army may be ready in any event.
To the first article the Archduchess repeats that, within 30 days after the entrance of the King, she will have ready 3,000 horse and 1,000 foot to invade France with his army for five months. To the second, she thinks the King ought only to desire that during the expedition the two generals should deliberate as to their route, and the places they should attack; that she does not doubt that the Imperial general will comply with the wished of the King's general, in all that tends to their mutual advantage, and that she will give him such orders before his departure. To the third, she does not doubt that the King will provide a sufficient army, for to do otherwise would be waste of money. To the fourth, she wishes nothing else than that Bourbon should penetrate to the heart of France, and thus weaken the resources of Francis.
Lat., pp. 3. Endd.: Copiæ tractatuum navitarum Romæ inter oratores.
12 Sept.
R. O.
Hears from Silvester Darius, the sub-collector, that he has sent the letters of the King and Wolsey to the Emperor about the see of Mela (Milevitanæ), of which Adrian gave Ghinucci the administration a little before his death. Thanks Wolsey for the letters, and desires credence for Darius. Rome, 12 Sept. 1524. Signed.
Lat., p. 1. Add.
12 Sept.
R. O.
Deed binding the corporation of Norwich in the sum of 500l. to abide by the decision of Wolsey, relative to their dispute with the prior and convent of [Christchurch (fn. 2)], Norwich. The names of the corporation are, Robt. Jonys, grocer, m[ayor], John Clerk, John ..., Wm. Hart, John Marsham, Thos. Bawburgh, Ralph Williams, Edw. Reed, Wm. Roone, John B ..., Thos. Clerke, Thos. Pykerell, John Swayne, Robt., Long, ... Best, John Nutter, Robt. Br ..., and Robt. Ferror. 12 Sept ... Hen. VIII.
Lat., draft, p. 1, mutilated.
Calig. B. I.
291. B. M. St. P. IV. 128.
After the coming of the earl of Cassillis, the laird of Bavyry (Balwery) and Adam Ottirburn, my lords sat in council to see how they had executed their commissions. They made a very good report of Norfolk's good mind to the weal of both realms, and the lords determined to send within the time promised an honorable embassy, viz., the bishop of Dunkeld, Cassillis, Balwery, and others. Hopes the King will continue his support now that matters are so well begun. Cassillis had shown her some things in Norfolk's name, which she approves, and will endeavor to promote. There are lords already chosen to administer justice, but as for lords to remain about the King there are not many to choose. Norfolk should not give light credence to every informant. The commissioners declared to the lords the offers of Norfolk touching the Borders, on which the Queen and lords called the wardens before them, but "cowd not fynd ne fekt (no effect) in them," as there is great feud and slaughter between the laird of Sesfwrd and the laird of Bawclw. Thought it best to commit them both to Edinburgh Castle, until they find a way how the Borders may be ruled, as they can both do great mischief, especially Bawclw. As to the bishops of St. Andrew's and Aberdeen, thinks the articles sent by Wolsey are good in part, viz., in the keeping of them in surety, for they would do her all the mischief they could, especially St. Andrew's. The lords will not consent to send him to England. The Queen and they have desired the personages to be sent, and they cannot be altered now.
Norfolk must admit that what she has done since the coming forth of her son have been right great acts, and not very expensive to the King. The 200 men under Maxwell have enabled her to put down opposition. By the embassy sent to England, Scotland will utterly lose France, and gain the displeasure of the French, besides the loss of 50,000 francs a year. The King her son is not well furnished with money, owing to the misrule of Albany; and if the realm find that France will do more for them than England they will be loth to lose them. Wonders he had no answer but a memorial to her letters by Patrick Sinclair. Thinks some one must have given him a false report about her. Hears that Angus has gone up to the King, for which she is much beholden to his Grace. Hopes he will consider that this great thing that she has done was without the help of Angus, and not allow the Earl to come to Scotland without her leave.
There have been meetings between Grousolz, the Frenchman, and Angus's brother, William of Douglas. The former sent a message to the King her son, which he ordered the pursuivant to deliver to the lords, that if they gave trust to England they would be betrayed, and the King sent to England; but Margaret, hearing of this, caused the writing to be taken from the pursuivant before it was presented. Understands, by intercepted letters sent to Edinburgh from Dunbar, that Grousolz is lying in wait to intercept letters out of England to Margaret. Encloses a request for two safe-conducts to get stuffs for her son's house. Has sent the conducts desired by Norfolk's servant Hals. Hopes Norfolk will speed her servant Jemmy Dokt. Since the lairds of Cesford and Buccleuch were put in Edinburgh Castle, Lennox has passed his way without licence, intending to make a break and get other lords to take his part, as Buccleuch was his man. Written 8 (?) Oct. (fn. 3) Signed.
Add.: To my lord of Norfolk.
[14 Sept.]
Calig. B. VII. 17. B. M.
Received her letter yesterday. As to her desire that the King should continue the payment of the 100 gentlemen, he will refuse nothing for her son's security. It was for haste he sent only a memorial in answer to her letter by Patrick Sinclair, but had committed part of his mind to Hals, and despatched her articles to the King by post. His detention of Jamy Dog was only from six at night till four in the morning. Her merits in the deliverance of her son are not gainsaid. Regrets that the two bishops are not to come into England. The presence here of St. Andrew's especially would tend much to her son's security. Thinks the imprisonment of the lairds of Bukclugh and Sesford very well done. They should not be liberated except on finding sureties to keep good order in their rules, which will be difficult. Thinks William Douglas would not dare to hold evil communication with Grosollis, both his brothers being in the King's hands. The Earl is not likely to depart till the Queen change her mind to him. The sending of the ambassadors should be hastened. Urges her to obtain a reconciliation to Lennox; the abbot of Paisley would do much to promote it. The nobles should be called to council. As for the two safe-conducts, his safe-conduct is only valid from Trent northwards. Will deliver them, if required, if a messenger be sent for them to Newcastle. Meantime the ships may be made ready. Sent yesterday to the King to obtain them (sic, qu. safe-conducts?).
Pp.4. Headed in Norfolk's own hand: "Copy of my letter sent fro Berney Castle to the queen of Scots."
14 Sept.
Calig. B. II. 155. B. M. St. P. IV. 134.
Has this morning received a packet of letters from his servant Hals, enclosing one from the Queen to himself, and one from Grosellis, and a little bill for safe-conducts. As to the Queen's complaint that he had only sent her a memorial, not an answer to her articles, thought it requisite to inform her of words spoken at that time by the commissioners, who were then signing and sealing the truce. Had no leisure to write more, but specially advised her not to let the King depart from Edinburgh. Thought Sinclair was her confidential servant, but has since heard that Henry Stuard and he have fallen at variance. Stuard is made Maxwell's lieutenant of the 200 men, whom he appoints and dismisses at pleasure, as Sinclair did before. She now quarrels with Sinclair for not bringing a letter from Norfolk, which he sat up till midnight, that same night, to write. Instructed his own servant to answer her letter as far as he could. Many things, as will be seen, must be answered by the King. Jemmy Dog, whom she wonders Norfolk has not dispatched, came to him at Branspath, on Friday, at 6 p.m., to ask for one new month's wages, the old not being expired by seven days. Wrote to her as good a letter as he could; and sent Robert Lord with the money to Berwick, and Jemmy, with Wolsey's chancellor, to his house, where he had good cheer that night, and left at four in the morning. Understands that at his coming she was very well satisfied. Will forbear to send her warnings henceforth, as she takes them so ill; though if he had not sent Patrick Sinclair to her, telling her not to let the King go from Edinburgh, he believes her authority would have been right small by this time. Has told her four or five times that only the King can give the safe-conducts she desires for the two ships. Will, however, send her two safe-conducts to come to Newcastle. Hopes the King will satisfy her. Will write to her as pleasantly as he can, and advise her to reconcile Lennox, and detain Buccleuch and Cesford till they give her sure pledges for observing justice on the Borders. Barney Castle, 14 Sept. Signed.
Pp. 3. Add. Endd. by Wriothesley.
14 Sept.
R. O.
Reminds him of the dispatch which he intended to send to the Archduke, in answer to the writer's credence, and which business may have made him forget. Would not be so importunate, but he wishes to prepare for his journey to Spain. London, 14 Sept. 1524. Signed.
Fr., p. 1. Add. Endd.
15 Sept.
Vit. B. VI. 200. B. M.
Congratulates him on the expulsion of the French party from Scotland, of which he has heard from Aug. Scarpinelli. This will give him more opportunity for carrying on the war, especially as Bourbon holds Provence, and victory is easier of attainment than it ever has been. Asks credence for Scarpinelli. Pizleonis, 15 Sept. 1524. Signed.
Lat., p. 1.
15 Sept.
R. O.
To the same effect. Pizleonis, 15 Sept. 1524. Signed.
Lat., p. 1. Add. Endd.
15 Sept.
Calig. B. VI. 345. B. M. St. P. IV. 138.
Has received his letters of the 5th and 8th inst., with letters from the queen of Scots, a book of articles signed by her, and other letters for safe-conducts. In his first, he mentions the arrival of the Scotch commissioners at Berwick; Norfolk's repair thither; the articles of their demands, and Norfolk's answer; the conclusion of a three months' truce; and their conferences about the king and queen of Scots, Arran, and the return of Albany; also Norfolk's message to Margaret by Patrick Sinclair. In the second, he relates his sending to the queen of Scots about the Iceland fleet and the conveyance of the archbishop of St. Andrew's and the bishop of Aberdeen to Berwick; his plan for spreading the news about Bourbon; the reports he hears about the queen of Scots; his information about Arran, the sayings of Master Adam Ottirburn and the abbot of Paisley, and his opinion about sending Sir Christopher Dacres with the army to France. Has also received Norfolk's other letters, subscribed with his own hand and those of the bishop of Dunkeld.
The King thanks him for his prudent answers to the commissioners. The King is writing to Margaret, and sends an answer to her articles, signed by Wolsey. He intends to send, in eight or ten days, Thomas Magnus and Roger Ratcliff to reside in James' court, but they will remain on the Borders till the Scotch ambassadors enter England; an arrangement which it is hoped will hasten the sending of the two bishops to Berwick, in order that the king and queen of Scots and the other governors may receive the presents they bring. The King hesitates to send the earl of Angus to Scotland, lest they should invite Albany again. On the other hand, if Arran and the lords agree to desert the Queen, his detention might give them a pretext. The course resolved on, however, is, first to detain him here for a while, and make overtures to the queen of Scots for his reconciliation, then to get the archbishop of St. Andrew's conveyed to Berwick, which, if it can be done, will make it immaterial whether Angus go to Scotland or not, as it must lead to the three effects mentioned in the-answer to the eighth article, and the Queen's revolting to the French party need not be so much feared. But if Norfolk find that they will not send the archbishop of Berwick, he should send Margaret a letter from Wolsey enclosed, which is so couched as to induce her either to send the archbishop to Berwick, or to consent to the return of Angus. If she will do neither one nor the other, neither the King nor Wolsey see how Angus can be detained any longer. They must take his promise to assist the young King, and not to meddle with the Queen's lands, and wink at his escape. Sends a letter from the King to Arran, according to the desire of Margaret, and one to the bishop of Dunkeld, with one from Wolsey to the abbot of Paisley, as desired by Norfolk. Norfolk's return to these parts', depends upon the issue of these matters. He is to write to the queen of Scots, that the King advises his nephew to send peremptory summonses to the Frenchmen in Dunbar and Dumbarton to yield up those places, and, if refused, they should be attempted by force, if the Scots be strong enough in artillery. It would be well to spread a rumor that the Pope has consented, at the King's request, to confer all spiritual promotions in Scotland at the sole recommendation of the king of Scots.
Requests him to further the cause of Angus's brother for the priory of Coldingham, and to protect the Earl's friends in Scotland. Was informed some time ago by John Joachym, who is here for the French king's mother, that Angus left France with the express consent of Francis, who purposed to bring about things by him, which could not be done by Albany. When the King asked Angus, if he left with the consent of Francis, he said that the French king was not made privy thereto, but that he had told him, a quarter of a year before, that he would not stay in France; which is not very likely. Also Angus at Windsor told Magnus and Ratcliff that when at Berwick word was sent him by Griselles, captain of Dunbar, that if he would come to Scotland, and obtain passage for him and his Frenchmen into France, he would deliver the castle to him. Angus also told Wolsey that the Queen insisted on his servants and friends in Scotland being sworn to the King and the earl of Arran, on pain of being put to the horn. In all this there is no appearance of truth. Suspects Angus has promised Francis to do some feat in Scotland. Norfolk must try and ascertain what he can about this. Sends the safeconduct desired by the king of Scots, who, for lack of good counsel, sometimes forgets the subscription of "your loving brother, cousin and good nephew." Norfolk had better remind the Queen on this subject. Sir Christopher Dacre may remain, since he cannot be well spared, but the 200 horse must be levied. The More, 15 Sept. Signed.
Add.: "The duke of Norfolk, the King's lieutenant in the north parts, treasurer and admiral of England."
[15 Sept.]
Calig. B. I. 112. B. M. St. P. IV. 136.
Has received her letters of the 31 Aug., with her articles to be shown to the King, to which an answer is sent. Hopes she will continue what she has begun so well for the exaltation of her son and the union of the two realms. Things are still so uncertain she must do her utmost to strengthen her party. Thinks Angus might do her good service if he was upon his own lands. But for Margaret's request, the King has no good ground to detain him. It will be better he came with Margaret's consent.
Endd.: A copy of a letter sent to the queen of Scots.
15 Sept.
Theiner, p. 542.
Complains of the disposal by the Pope of certain pensions on the church of Dunkeld now held by Robert formerly bishop of Ross, among others to Robert Creighton, a Dominican, contrary to the laws of the Order, and to the detriment of the Church. Edinburgh, 15 Sept. 1524.
15 Sept.
Calig. B. III. 189. B. M.
665. M. ISTRINGI to DAVID BETOUN, postulate of Arbroath, Scotch ambassador in France.
The King came to Edinburgh 29 July, and commanded the writer's master (archbishop of St. Andrew's) to appear before him; who excused himself, but after many solicitations attended at the Abbey, when the King and Queen commanded him to sign the contract made for the good of the kingdom. He consented through fear, with the understanding that it should not take effect till he heard from you. Parliament met on the 19th Aug., when all his fears were confirmed. On the 22nd, being assembled at the Tolbooth, he was required, in presence of the King and Queen, to ratify the above contract, contrary to his promises made to the Governor at his departure. He objected, demanding a delay until the time had expired which had been fixed by Albany for making it. At the instigation of his enemies, the King commanded the same day Maxwell, James Hamilton, "Susfort" (Cessford) with 200 or 300 archers, to have him arrested. He was committed to the prison of the castle by David Junston, and rigorously treated. His master requests that solicitation be made with the King of France and Albany to write to the Pope for his deliverance, and let them know that his enemies have made efforts to obtain a commission from the Holy See to appoint judges to try the Archbishop, making great promises. It will be better to prevent the same, and induce the Pope to call the case before himself, and for the Archbishop to appear there in person. If James Lamb is already gone to Rome, a full account is to be sent to him at once, with instructions to get the best advice he can to obtain the Archbishop's deliverance. Peter Homstain desires you to remind (? "avoir en souvenance par vos lettres") James Lamb or get Alexander Herube (fn. 4) to write to him for his signature to a pension on the vicarage of Ubestfort (Westport?). Begs that he will expedite two commissions that he herewith sends on behalf of his brother Ubatte (Wat?) Stagnon by Alexander Herube. His master begs that he may be relieved of the promise to raise 1,000l. for Albany; for although the letters have passed the privy seal ("sceau secret"), he doubts in his present condition whether he ever can recover a penny of it; and he is accused already of having done too much for Albany. John Berreton salutes you. Edinburgh, 15 Sept. 1524. Signed: M. Istringi, persone de Glaistre.
Fr., pp. 4. Headed: "Coppie et translacion d'une lettre en Escoçois prinse sur mer."
15 Sept.
Calig. B. VI. 411. B. M.
i. "Instructions a lambassadour du Roi dEscosse responsable a ce quil a dit au Roi de la part dudit roy dEscosse et des gens de ses estatz."
1. The ill rumor complained of has never reached the King's ears. 2. He is satisfied with the conduct of Albany, considering the circumstances in which he is placed. 3. Francis could not send the money required, nor get the despatch he intended ("faire la depesche quil entendoit") in consequence of the sickness of his mother and the affairs of Italy. 4. On his return from Blois to Paris the season was too far advanced, the Queen ill of her mortal sickness. Advises them to temporise till a fit opportunity arrives and the king of France is more disengaged. 5. With regard to a treaty of marriage France is bound by the treaty of Rouen, which he proposes strictly to observe; they are to express their wishes more definitely. 6. Francis has always succored them above what he was bound to by the said treaty, and they should co-operate against their mutual enemies. 7. Angus has fled, and is proclaimed an Englishman and a rebel. Avignon, 15 Sept. 1524.
ii. Francis I. to James V. The sieur de Gonzolles, the bearer, will present him a reply, to whom he may give credence. Avignon, 15 Sept. 1524.
iii. Francis I. to Margaret, to the same effect.
Fr., copies, pp. 5.
15 Sept.
Calig. B. VI. 384. B. M.
Desires to have his advice on all matters which may occur, or which she may communicate to him. Has shown her mind to his servant William Hals, and begs an answer as soon as possible, for she is daily solicited for things which she will not do till she understands Henry's pleasure and Norfolk's opinion. "Therefore, I pray you, my Lord, be not f[ar fre the] bordars whel all our masters be dresyd ... and ze dw I can not nor wol not vyt (write?) so playnly my mynd to ne nothar aftar the Kynges grace, my brother, and my lord Cardynall, and that vyl be our leng a tyme, send ope in my hasty mattarz." 15 Sept.
Hol., pp. 2. Add.: "To my lord of Norfolk." At the top is written in Norfolk's hand: "The Quenys letter sent to me by Hals."
Calig. B. II. 358. B. M.
Angus has arrived since the sending of Hals to her Grace for a more facile arrangement of matters with Arran. Has perused copies of her letters, and of the articles to the King and Wolsey, and Arran's letters to the King. Proposes a meeting between himself and Arran at Berwick. In her and Arran's last letters are many threats that if Angus be sent into Scotland, no ambassadors should go to England. The embassy is for the good of Scotland, and she must take care not to provoke its indignation, and her brother's, by such methods. Had never proposed her reconciliation to Angus out of any love to him, but for the good of the realm; nor that he should return until all differences were composed, and then only to dwell in his own lands, and not intermeddle further than she allowed. The King cannot detain him longer. Wishes to see the letter that he had been sent into Scotland with licence from Albany. If it can be shown that he favors the Duke, and that his brother William corresponds with the captain of Dunbar, Henry, upon such information from James, may duly detain him. Proposes the bishop of St. Andrew's should be sent to Berwick, and she will thus probably obtain more of her demands. The commissioners who met him at Berwick are bound to come within the time of truce. It will be dishonorable in them if they keep not their promise.
(P. S. to the above letter?) Begs none be made privy to this letter. Has just received news that the bishop of St. Andrew's has sent two persons to Albany, inviting him to Scotland, where he may have all at his pleasure. One message is to go by two friars, the other by Master Patrick Aborthnoo (?) The more need is there the Bishop be sent to Berwick.
Copy, in Norfolk's hand, pp. 6.
16 Sept.
R. T. 137. R. O.
Commission to Albertus Pius count de Carpi to treat for peace with the Emperor and Henry VIII. Avignon, 16 Sept. 1524.
Lat., p. 1.
16 Sept.
Calig. B. I. 47. B. M.
Has written so fully and frequently already of what has taken place in Scotland since Albany's departure that he needs not write any more than what has happened since the 28 Aug. On that day the King and Queen and all the lords were at the Tabut (Tolbooth), and asked the traitors if they would take oath to obey the King; to which the Chancellor replied that they were bound to that already. On the Queen observing that he and others had made an engagement with Albany, and that the King wished it to be broken, as well as the treaty of Rouan, the King at the Queen's suggestion and Arran's commanded them to comply, and deprive Albany of his government. Upon the Chancellor requesting the King not to break the promise made to Albany on his departure, and that he would never consent to annulling the bonds between France and Scotland, the Queen was very angry. Mons. de Berdin (Aberdeen?), the bishops of Brequen and Dennibellame (Dunblane), the abbots of Quenspene, Colloroe (Culross?), and the secretary de Quienloques (?) (Kinloch?) sided with the Chancellor. The bishops of Donquel and Galloys (Galloway), the abbots of ✠ (Holyrood?) and Paseles (Paisley), on the contrary, signed, and consented to break the truce, and discharge Albany. Arran argued strongly in defence of an alliance with England, saying that French unity had never been profitable, that Henry would give the King his daughter, and make him prince of England, and that so the Scots would be free from war and poverty. He was followed by the temporal lords, mainly from fear, as he had packed the Tabut with 4,000 men-at-arms under command of Mons. de Masquesoyl (Maxwell), made provost of Edinburgh, 20 Aug., with Mons. du Mes, and those of the Marches, and all of the petty little (?) ("du petit litle"). When the Chancellor and Albany's party thought to steal away out of the town the gates were shut in their faces. The Chancellor and Aberdeen were sent to prison. They talk of sending the former to England. The Queen has sent a messenger to Rome, to accuse him of treason, and strip him of his benefices, which have been promised to Mons. Desgueing, who is at variance with Arran, both contending for precedency. Albany will be declared a bastard. The earls d'Arvill (Argyle), Lenox and Moray are forbidden to quit Edinburgh on pain of treason. Flamin (Fleming) his son, the master of Glimas (Glammis), and Boullot the secretary, have fled. Never was Albany so much needed and regretted as now. The escape of Angus from France is the cause of it all. The Queen will consent to anything to keep him in England. They sent yesterday Casselles, Baura (Balweary), Aden ou Aderborne (Adam of Otterburn), to Barbit (Berwick), to the earl of Surrey in the [symbol] (Marches?) for a truce of three months. The king of England has promised to give his daughter in marriage to the King of Scots with a large pension, and proclaim him prince of his kingdom if they can agree. Marchmont herald has been sent to the king of France to amuse him with words, and accuse Albany of having stolen all the money, and to say they are compelled to make peace with England. They will demand the surrender of Dunbar, which Albany is to oppose on the ground that they have broken truce with France. Has no cipher, and therefore cannot write to him. The ciphers have been stolen. Begs him to perform his promise of sending him certain ships as he is in great danger. Has been compelled to spend the money that Albany left him. Dunbar, 3 Sept.
Since the first cipher ("chiffre") was written the ships have remained. Cassillis has returned from Berwick with a truce of three months till the 8th (or 20th?) (fn. 5) December, after promising that an embassy should be sent into England. They have appointed to this mission Cassillis in the place of Eglinton who excused himself, the bishop and dean of Dunkeld, "Bauori," and "Aden ou Andrieu Borne" (Adam of Otterburn). The Legate and Aberdeen are still prisoners. The arrangement between the Queen and the Legate, that he should be allowed to retire to [symbol] [St. Andrews?] on payment of 30,000 crowns, is broken off. They now wish to banish him to England. Argyle has left the court in disgust, and gone to the Isles. Lennox and Glencarne have withdrawn, notwithstanding the Queen's assurance. Boullot and Sessefort (Cessford) have been thrown into prison. All but her immediate supporters desire Albany's return, e.g. the bishops of Dunkeld and Galloway and the Humes. They are all against Albany, except Ovadre Borne (Otterburn). The master of Glimas is come to speak with Gonzolles to arrange for carrying off Angus from England, but dare not stir without being sure of Albany. Angus has returned to London to obtain the King of England's permission to go back to France, because he has not kept promise with him, and the Queen does not wish him to remain in that kingdom. The Chancellor has sent to Gonzolles two or three times to urge Albany to provide at once either for his coming or for his stay, and to give his nephew, "le petit maistre Endrot," the abbey of Melleroz if his brother dies. The Chancellor and Aberdeen have deserved well. They have suffered only for not consenting to break the alliances with France.
The captain of [symbol] castle writes that he will keep the place till Albany return, or till he have news from him. Begs Albany not to land on this coast; it is the stronghold of his enemies. From the other (?) side to St. [symbol] (Andrews?) the country is sure to him. ("De ce cousté deca vous avez le pays de fait vers Sainct [symbol] bien seur pour vous.") On this side of that place is the master Dalles, a very good man ("fort bon homme"), who, with the brother of the late seigneur de Ubadreborne (Wedderburn), is friendly. The latter has informed Gonzolles he had heard through England that Albany had taken the sea with five ships, but on meeting with the vessels from Scotland in the Pas de Calais, and being informed that the country had revolted against him, he had returned for larger succors, and would not leave till after Michaelmas, on the morrow of which day he was to speak with the king of France. At Michaelmas, Arran and the English threaten to besiege Gonzolles, and to take him in 15 days, which he trusts to guard against. Jehan de Dison is returned from Denmark. On his arrival he was ordered by the Queen to send his despatches, and not leave his lodging, and for his life not to send anything to Gonzolles. He sent, however, duplicates of his despatches, which were intercepted along with letters of Messire Jehan Charpentier and Sandre, Albany's lacquay, to Gonzolles. The Queen immediately sent Charpentier and Sandre to prison, and would have hanged them, but Gonzolles sent boats with artillery and "morsegers," took a boat laden with codfish and salmon which left Edinburgh for England, took the merchants and bid them on pain of their lives rescue his men, which they did. The Queen sets a watch everywhere to prevent his communicating with Albany. The kingdom is better provided with victuals than it ever was, but he and captain Morice and Hoques regret that there is no wine. Dunbar, 15 Sept.
P.S.—Since this letter was written, Estrelin arrived from Den mark, and has left letters for "Jaques le Herault" at Edinburgh. The Queen would have hanged him, but he came by stealth. He had only letters to the king of France. Jehan Dison had some to Albany, which the Queen has intercepted. Will send Estrelin, if possible, to Albany by Mons. de Blacqueter, who is going to France. Has heard today of Lennox having taken Dumbarton (?) ("Donbereren") castle. He and master Will. Douglas and the master of Glammis are within, and say they will keep it in Albany's name. Knows not whom to trust. All express good will to Albany, and hate the Queen. Has dispatched the said Jacques, and also sent four or five other dispatches, but has had no news from Albany since his departure. Dunbar, 16 Sept.
Fr., pp. 9, copy.
Another copy of these despatches is in Calig. B. III. f. 90.
18 Sept.
Vesp. C. II. 354. B. M.
Wrote from this town on the 17th August. On the 21st was published the Pope's pardon, with three days' fast. Though the Chancellor opposes the marriage of the French king and the queen of Portugal, others are not against it. His objection is an Italian one, lest Francis, to obtain their inheritance, should procure the death of the Emperor and his brother. Murmurs still prevail at the King's not sending money, and a Frenchman being in England, sent by the French queen's (sic) mother. On the 31st August, received Tuke's letter about the joyous news of Scotland, and the King's money sent,—first, 100,000, then 50,000 more,—which enabled him to retaliate their charge of neglect in this particular. The Chancellor has since told him that the Emperor's money also was delivered to the sum of 200,000 before the end of August. To the reproaches of the Emperor and the Chancellor relative to the Frenchman in England, Sampson replied that it could not be dishonorable to either Prince that France sued for peace in this manner; nor was it against the treaty to give the enemy a hearing. The Emperor himself had answered a letter from Francis last year, though not by himself. The Almains here will be sent into Italy by water, probably because they are so ill-liked here. Many French nobles, according to the Chancellor, are willing to assist Bourbon to the crown of France. It is thought the Almains go into Italy in advance of the Emperor. The Chancellor urges him strongly to winter at Barcelona. The Emperor has been troubled with a "quartana" these three weeks. On the 16th, a post came from Italy, and two others next day, but none from the camp. Delaroche is dead. There are few left with such good will to England. The archbishop of Capua left Rome for these parts on the 6th or 7th of September. Is informed by Genoese that the French king has still a large army, with 5,000 Almains and as many Italians, but no Swiss. Marseilles will not be easy to win. The King's money has not yet been received. The Emperor's army has not yet joined. The dispensation for the Portuguese marriage is come. The Chancellor is said to be now inclined for peace, Sampson having often been plain with him about the danger of his policy. Valladolid, 15 Sept.
Hol., pp. 5. The cipher deciphered by Tuke.
19 Sept.
Calig. B. VI. 361. B. M. St. P. IV. 146.
Received last night Wolsey's letter, dated at the More, the 15th, with other letters in a box, sealed. Drew up immediately a note of a letter to be sent to the queen of Scots (copy enclosed), and his other letter sent to her from Barneycastle on Wednesday last, in answer to hers. Tonight Carlisle herald leaves with the King's letters to her and Arran, the answer to her articles, and the note of the letter to be sent by James to the Pope. He will also take with him Wolsey's letter to the Queen, which is not to be delivered, unless he is assured that the two Bishops will not come to Berwick, and that a long time will be put off in sending ambassadors; in which case he will say that it had been forgotten by Norfolk's secretary, and sent on to him. If Hals be not come away, he will take his advice in everything. Is informed that Hals took leave of the Queen on Friday; in which case Norfolk will be surely advertised of her answer. Will obey Wolsey about the bruit of the Pope's consent, at the King's mediation, for spiritual promotions in Scotland. Is glad Magnus and Ratcliff are coming. Approves of Wolsey's advice about Angus, and will endeavor to ascertain the truth. There is no doubt William Douglas, and Archibald his uncle, have spoken with Groselles. When Norfolk was at Berwick, both he and Dacre advised the said William to speak with Groselles, to see if he meant to depart, or expected Albany to return; but if he has been oftener than once, the matter is more suspicious. Has sent the King's letter to the bishop of Dunkeld, by Carlisle, "to whom he first brake the matter." Supposes he will not disclose it now, except to the King, as he is to be one of the ambassadors. Newcastle, 19 Sept. Signed.
P.S.—Hals has just come, and says the Queen told him she dares not send the Bishops to Berwick. She had asked the opinion of the Lords, who would never consent to any Scotchman being sent to England for offences against their sovereign. She also said it would be a month before the ambassadors could be at Berwick, though she had done all she could to hasten them. The Queen said the bishop of St. Andrew's had offered to lay pledges in England for his fidelity to his own King. Has heard the same from George Shaw, a kinsman of the abbot of Paisley; also from Adam Ottirburn. Heard, nevertheless, from George Shaw that Henry Steward had promised to help the Bishop out of prison, if he sued nowhere else. The Queen is very unpopular for taking so much upon herself, and being ruled only by Arran and Henry Steward; also for her ungodly living, in keeping Angus out of the realm when he is so beloved. Sees no likelihood of ambassadors being sent, or the Scotch king's authority secured, for a long time. Hopes the King will not wait for this to recall him. If he is to remain, would like some other place to lie in, that he might send for his wife, and put his affairs in order. The Queen says that when the bishop of Dunkeld was in France he knew that Francis was apprised of all the King's determinations by persons of the King's chamber. Hals accordingly got the Queen to appoint the Bishop as one of the ambassadors. Has sent after Carlisle to deliver Wolsey's letter at his first coming. The Queen has asked for 100l. to be sent to Cassillis, without which he cannot come in embassy. Will send it to Berwick to be delivered to him.
Add.: To my lord Legate's good grace.
[19 Sept.]
Calig. B. VII. 19. B. M.
Yesternight received a packet of letters from my lord Cardinal, including one from the King to Margaret, one to Arran, and the answer to the articles sent to him by Patrick Sinclair, subscribed by the Cardinal. Transmits the whole. She will perceive that the King and Wolsey agree with his advice for the sending of the two bishops to Berwick, especially of the bp. of St. Andrew's. If she do this, and hasten the coming of the ambassadors, it will induce Henry to detain Angus in England. As Angus complains of the persecution of his friends in Scotland, desires her to see no wrong be done them. Hears Grosselles and the Frenchmen have taken Bawcask's ship, and carried the goods to Dunbar. Thinks the castle should be summoned to surrender, with a threat that no mercy would be shown them on refusal. Advises that a hundred well horsed men be kept near the castle, to stop the supplies, and that Dumbarton should be seized into the King's hands, which Lennox could do if he were reconciled. Angus complains that his kinsmen have been summoned to be sworn to the King and the earl of Arran by a certain day, on pain of being put to the horn. Begs her to enquire as to the truth of Wm. Douglas's resort to Dunbar. Desires that it be proclaimed that the Pope has consented, at Henry's request, to confer all spiritual promotions in Scotland at the King her son's recommendation, though they have been solicited by Albany. Sends a note of a letter, to be sent by her son to the Pope, in which an acknowledgment should be inserted of this concession. It should be sent with a copy, in all diligence, to my lord Cardinal, to be forwarded to the English ambassador at Rome. If she will send the two Bishops she may have the King's bond for their being re-deliverd at her son's desire. "Also in one of the King your son's letters to the King's highness was forgotten in the subscription to write your loving cousin, brother, and good nephew, and was only subscribed James, which your Grace may cause to be amended hereafter." Begs her to read and over-read the answer of the articles. Desires to know her pleasure with all possible speed.
Pp. 5. Headed, in Norfolk's own hand: "Copy of my letter sent to the queen of Scots by Carlisle herald-at-arms."
Calig. B. II. 226. B. M.
"Responses and answers to certain articles sent to me by the King's grace my brother's commandment of the articles by me, Margaret queen of Scots, to his grace."
(1.) Has received full answer to the articles she sent to the King. Perceives his kindness towards the King her son and herself, and his determination to protect her against her enemies, and furnish money for "halding of the guard and vageours with us continually."
(2.) As there is now a commoning of ambassadors for peace, the King will conform to his uncle's writings sent to him and the Lords, which they keep and enregister. Hopes Henry will fulfil the promise she made in his name, that he would "not only do and perfurnys as his writings sent to the said Lords purport, but rather better to the weal and pleasure of the King my son," so that the alliance with France may be relinquished. Lately the French king sent to the King her son 300,000 "crowns of weight" to support the war, which, however, were appropriated by Albany. Thinks the treating of marriage between her son and my lady Princess would be a great barrier to a French alliance.
(3.) As to the points urged by the King in reply to the article sent by her, touching the desires of the Lords,—viz., that it would be well to send the ambassadors with the utmost diligence, and that no answer could be made to their desires before their coming, &c.,—the following is her answer:—(1.) The ambassadors are named by Parliament, as she has informed the King, and are departed from court to their own houses to prepare. All things are ordered by the Lords to be ready the 15th of this next October, after which they will depart. Their expedition is not without great labor made for it by Margaret. (2.) It is not necessary that such great offers be divulged to many persons. She only intended that the King might deliberate the more advisedly to give her secret directions what to ask the ambassadors before they left. Thinks still this would be advisable, as it would be better to confer with them before departing than to write to them when they were in England. (3.) Thinks it ought not to be considered that the truce is taken to pass the time till Albany arrive in Scotland, or the Lords receive offers from the French king. She and her adherents will do nothing to the pleasure of the said Duke, having already exposed themselves to utter danger and destruction if he should accomplish his purpose. (4.) She refused till the coming of the ambassadors to permit letters to be sent to the French king, informing him that her son had, by advice of Parliament, assumed the government, and discharged the "tutele" of the duke of Albany, and requiring that Albany should be compelled to redeliver the castle of Dunbar, merely to avoid suspicion that the letters had a different object. (5.) Believes matters are in a favorable train for the termination of the old amity with France. The King her son will always act as becomes a nephew to his uncle. (6.) As to Angus, who, Henry alleges, fled to France to deliver his sovereign from "tutele" and captivity, and put his life in jeopardy for him, it is well known he did not help the delivery of her son, but oppose herself and Arran. In going to France he was in no danger, having passports from the French king and Albany, as appears by Angus's own letters sent from England. Angus's brother, Wm. Douglas, after departing from him forth of England, had communication with Grisolles (Gonsolles) the captain, and other Frenchmen in Dunbar, who hold the place against her son. It is unlikely Angus would act against Albany if the King allowed him to go into Scotland, seeing that his friends entertain the Duke's servants. (7.) Even if he did, it would rather help the Duke under present circumstances, for it would make Arran, Eglington, and other lords take part with him. (8.) The reports of severity used against Angus's friends are from sinister motives. There is no just cause of complaint if anything have been done by the Lords of the Council. For her own part nothing shall be done against them more than justice, if she can prevent it. (9.) As to the request that the two Bishops be sent to Berwick, the bishop of Saint Andrews is an ally of Arran's, and if she consented to deliver him up without assurance that Angus also should be placed in captivity, it would give Arran occasion to say she was intriguing against him, which she is loth to do. Till the answer of the King come, she will keep the Bishop in prison. Has felt Arran's mind on the subject, and he will not consent, except on the condition mentioned. (10.) If Angus be sent to Scotland, it will be a great impediment to peace. Her adherents will not, for any solicitation she may make, suffer the ambassador to depart unless Angus be kept in prison. (11.) While the King heartily thanks the King his uncle for the Order of the Garter, he desires to write to him, "thinking he will not molest his Grace for other great business and matters his Grace now hath to do, whilke being concluded and ended he will be desirous to charge the King's grace with the same." (12.) Thanks Henry for his advice touching the letter to the Pope drawn up by the King her son. It is despatched with his subscription and additions besides those contained in Henry's letter. Sends copies. The King thinks it very desirable to have a declarator of the Pope, allowing him to imprison bishops and churchmen suspected of treason till they can be accused before spiritual judges, and also the legatine commission formerly spoken of for their punishment. (13.) Desires money for the pay of 200 "vagetors" about the King for four months, to be sent by Norfolk. In time of Parliament this number is absolutely necessary;—300 or 400 more may be required.
Pp. 13.
19 Sept.
Vit. B. VI. 210. B. M.
Thanks him for his good will shown in his letter received from Sir Gregory and in his and Pace's instructions.
The King and he have been rightly informed that they have taken Aix, and are besieging Marseilles. Having taken this city, which, with God's help, may be in eight or ten days, will go straight to meet Francis, who is on this side of the Rhone. If he does not reinforce his army, hopes to do good service. Has written to the Emperor to hasten the coming of his army along the Rhone. There are, besides those he sends by sea, 4,000 Almains at Barcelona. Expects they will be at the Rhone in 15 days, and they will then be strong enough to cross. Hears that only three cantons of the Swiss have agreed to send men to the French king, and only 6,000 will be sent. It will be a great loss to the King and Emperor if this army is broken up for want of money, and he begs him to aid them as much as possible. The Emperor has ordered the Viceroy to send 100,000 cr., which will last till the 20th of next month. Begs him not to forget them. From the camp at Marseilles, 19 Sept. Signed.
Fr., pp. 2, slightly mutilated.
19 Sept.
R. O.
Gregory (da Casale) has related to him the news respecting his Majesty. Thanks the King for his letter. Having written to the Cardinal, and communicated with Gregory and the King's secretary and ambassador, refers the King to them. From the camp above Marseilles, 19 Sept. 1524. Signed.
Italian, p. 1. Add.
19 Sept.
R. O.
Has received his letter of 28 August by Gregory (da Casale). Is gratified that the King and Cardinal will avail themselves of his services. The backwardness of the provisions hitherto, contrary to the intention of the King and the Emperor, has been a great hindrance to the acquisition of honor and glory. The Ambassador will inform him of the state of affairs. From the camp above Marseilles, 19 Sept. 1524. Signed.
Italian, p. 1. Add. and endd.
20 Sept.
R. O.
Has received his letters by the bearer Richard. Though the English ambassador here has had no letters from the King, except private ones, he has spoken to the Emperor about Scotch affairs and the coming of Jehan Jochin in general terms, assuring the Emperor that the King will do nothing contrary to the treaties. Answered that he was pleased with the conclusion relating to Scotland, as it was to the profit of Henry; and as to Jochin, that he does not doubt that the King will not make any negotiations contrary to the treaties or to their common welfare, which, for his part, he would never do, as the King and Legate ought to know from his conduct. Will never believe that they will listen to his enemies, or treat with them without his consent, unless the matter was put in the Pope's hands, to be decided by the advice of their ambassadors. Wishes their difficulties to be remitted to his Holiness. Would not have sent Jochin a safe-conduct without asking Henry's consent unless the Regente had sent to him, as Wolsey told De Praet she would do.
Has no news of the arrival of the archbishop of Capua, except that the Pope will dispatch him, after hearing De la Roche, who probably arrived at Rome in the middle of August. He must contradict Jochin's report that letters of the Archduke have been intercepted in France. The report has been got up by the French in Italy to throw suspicion on the duke of Milan. Doubts not he has frequent news from the army in Provence, and has heard that Francis has gone to Avignon to encourage the people of Marseilles. He must show the Legate (Wolsey) the importance of this, and urge him to contribute to the army. Has had a quartan fever, but is nearly recovered. He must tell this to the King, Queen and Legate, lest they hear other reports from his enemies. The Almain troops are now on the borders of Languedoc, where the enemy is assembled in great force. Intends to send them to join the army in Provence, though they are strong enough now, and fear nothing but want of money. Has good news from them by spies, if they are true. Does not send them, as De Praet can get news sooner. Valladoly, 20 Sept. ao 24.
A courier has just come from the duke De Cesse with news of the death of De la Roche. Sends a copy of the conclusion of the passage of couriers by land, to show to the King and Legate for their acceptance.
Fr., copy, pp. 3. Add.


  • 1. Among the collection sold by Puttick and Simpson 16–18 July 1866.
  • 2. Blank.
  • 3. The numeral in the date has been corrected, so that it is hard to say whether the 8th or the 2nd was intended. The month is clearly October, but this is an error of the writer.
  • 4. Harvey?
  • 5. Written "viije jour" in Calig. B. I.; "vingtyesme jour" in Calig. B. III.