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Full text of "Malay-English vocabulary; containing over 7000 Malay words or phrases with their English equivalents together with an appendix of household, nautical and medical terms"


E Vocabulary E 

Containing over 7000 Malay Words or Phrases 
with their English equivalents, together with 


Of Household, Nautical 
and Medical Terms etc. 



Missionary of the Methodist Episcopal Church 
Author of " A Practical Malav Grammer " etc. 

Second Edition, Rcvise'd and Enlarged. Price $2.OO. 






Tliis vocabulary has been prepared for use in connection with my 
*" Practical Malay Grammar." It was originally intended to incorpor- 
ate with the Grammar an English-Malay and a Malay-English Voca- 
bulary, each containing some three or four thousand words, but in 
view of the fact that most people require a vocabulary containing as 
large a number of words as possible and are subjected to much dis- 
appointment and annoyance when they find that their vocabulary does 
not contain just the very word which they require, it has been thought 
better to publish the vocabularies separately and to make them an 
complete as is consistent with the low price at which such works are 
expected to sell. 

The list of words which is here offered to the public contains over 
six thousand words and phrases. In such a list it is of course impos- 
sible to include all the Malay words which may be met with in even a 
very limited range of Malay reading, and the student will no doubt 
meet with some expressions in conversation with Malays which will 
not be found in this vocabulary. Great care, however, has been 
taken in the selection of the words, and it is hoped that very few 
which are jn common use or are likely to be needed by the student in 
the first two or three years of his study of the language have been 

In this vocabulary, as in the " Practical Malay Grammar," the 
Malay words are printed in roman letters only. Comparatively few 
Europeans make any serious attempt to learn the Arabic character, and 
those who do will no doubt require a dictionary rather than a voca- 
bulary. The omission of the Arabic characters has enabled the 
-printers to put out this work in a very compact form and at a cost 
considerably below what it would otherwise have been. 

The great defect of Malay vocabularies printed in the Roman 
character has always been the difficulty of finding many of the words 
owing to variations of spelling. This has been particularly the case 
in regard to the romanization of the short vowel sound, which even 
in the same work has been represented by different letters in different 
words, according to the derivation of the word or the fancy of the 
author, so that in many cases the student has had to hunt for a word 
in two or three different places before he has been able to find it. 
This difficulty has been obviated in this work by the adoption of the 
same system of romanization which has been used in my Grammar and 
in all the oilier Malay publications of the Methodist Publishing House. 


Its peculiar feature is the entire omission of the short vowel. This, 
makes- it just a.< easy to find a word containing the short vowel as it i 
in a Malay dictionary printed in the Arabic character, for instead of 
having to look up such a word as nschaya or psaka under two or three- 
differe*nt vowels, the student will be able to find it at once from the 
sound. It is believed that this will be found to be a very great ad- 

The introduction should be carefully studied by those who dc.-iiv 
to make an intelligent use of this vocabulary. Part of the introduc- 
tion has been reproduced from the Grammar, but there will also be- 
found a large amount of entirely new matter explaining the use of 
prefixes and suffixes, the accentuation of Malay words, and the u st- 
and pronunciation of foreign words, etc. The student should not fail 
to make the fullest use of the Grammar, not only on account of tin- 
importance of thoroughly understanding the grammatical construction 
of the language, but also because he will otherwise be unable to pro- 
fit by the frequent references made in the vocabulary to the numbers 
of the paragraphs in the Grammar, where fuller information will be- 
found in regard to the use of certain words than could be given in a 

Derived words will only be found under their roots. Owing to 
the immense number and variety of the derived forms in the Malay 
language, this is the only arrangement which is at all satisfactory, and' 
has been adopted in all dictionaries and in one or two vocabularies. 
At first the student will no doubt have some difficulty in finding out 
what is the root of some of the derivatives, and it will be necessary 
for him to make himself thoroughly acquainted with the use of pre- 
fixes and affixes; this, however, will be found to be a blessing in di>- 
guise, for it is impossible to read or speak the Malay language intelli- 
gently without a thorough understanding of the derived forms. 

An appendix containing lists of English words with their Malar 
equivalents has been added. The vocabulary itself contains many 
similar lists; for instance a list of the different classes of workmen will 
be found under tuTcaiy, a list of the classifiers or numeral coefficients 
tmder-s-, cloths under Tcain, stones under batu, etc. The lists of nauti- 
cal terms and diseases should be of special use to sailors and doctors- 
respectively, and housekeepers will find a very complete list of foods 
and household terms. 

In the preparation of this vocabulary I am particularly indebted; 
to Favre's Malay-French Dictionary and to Klinkert's Malay-Dutch 
Pocket Dictionary. When in doubt as to the precise meaning of M 
word I have occasionally referred to Wilkinson's Dictionary, Part I y 
but as the second part has not yet been published this work has only 
been referred to in regard to such words as come in the first half of 
the Malay alphabet. My list of words has been compared with other 
vocabularies in order to ensure that no important word has been 
omitted. Several alterations and additions have been made at the- 


suggestion of Dr. Luering, and my thanks are due to him for the 
valuable assistance which he has rendered me by reading and criticis- 
ing the manuscript previous to publication. 

Singapore, July, 1902. 


The demand for a new edition of this vocabulary has enabled 
me to correct a few errors which crept into the first edition, and to add 
a number of words which, though not in frequent use, are liable to be 
met with by the student. 

An attempt has also been made in this edition to indicate words- 
which are peculiar to the Malay spoken by the " Babas," or Straits- 
born Chinese, and some of their differences of pronunciation. The 
difference between Baba Malay, and the language as it is spoken by the 
Malays themselves, consists, however, not merely in such variations as 
can be shown in a vocabulary. There is a radical difference in the 
structure of the sentences. For the most part the same words are used r 
but the idiom is different, and would require a more thorough elucida- 
tion than could be given in the introduction to a vocabulary. It is 
hoped, however, that the Baba Malay words here given, marked (B.) r 
will help to explain some of the peculiarities of pronunciation met 
with in the Settlements, where Chinese influence predominates. 

W. G. S. 
Singapore, July, 1912. 


The Vowels. 

The five vowels have the continental sounds : 
as in father. o as in hole. 

e as the ey in they. u as in rude. 

i as in ravine. 

In open syllables these vowel sounds have always a greater degree 
of intensity than in closed syllables. 

In addition to the above there is in Malay, as in nearly all Orien- 
tal languages, another simple vowel sound which is often called the 
short vowel sound. In the different systems of romanizing, this short 
vowel sound has been variously represented by a, a, e, e, i, i, u. u; 
but all these different methods of representing this vowel sound are 
open to the great objection that they mislead Europeans and even 
natives into giving it an incorrect pronunciation, and in a dictionary 
they have the additional disadvantage of giving rise to so much divers- 
ity and uncertainty in the spelling of words containing the short 
vowel that prolonged search is often necessary before it can be dis- 
covered which of these vowels has been used by the lexicographer to 
represent the short vowel in the particular word which is being sought 
for. Experience has shown that the best way to spell words contain- 
ing the short vowel with a view to helping the student to a correct 
pronunciation, is to omit the vowel altogether, and it is believed that 
the omission of the vowel will obviate the difficulty of finding such 
words in the vocabulary. The exact sound of the short vowel should 
be learnt if possible from a Malay; it is almost identical with the 
half-vowel sound in the first syllable of such words as " machine " and 
" balloon." 

When two vowels come together, both must be sounded, but the 
first must be run into the second; thus au has very nearly the sound 
of ow in "cow," as pisau, man; and oi has almost the sound of the 
English i in "ice," as, sunjai, pakai. 


The consonants in Malay are pronounced as in English, except 
that the r should always be sounded much more clearly and with more 
of a riig than in English. The consonant ry represents a single sound 
in Malay, and should be pronounced like the ng in " singer," never as 
in " single ;" the latter sound is represented in Malay by njg; thus the 
two sounds are found in the words: si-nja and sirg-gah. The letter k 
in Malay when it occurs at the end of a word is not sounded like the 


English ~k, but the syllable in which it occur? must be pronounced 
very short indeed, and the breath drawn in so as to produce the 
shortening of the sound. The apostrophe at the end of a syllable 
indicates a similar abrupt sound. Final h has also the effect of 
shortening the last syllable, but not more than half as much as final Jc. 

In the transliteration of the purely Arabic letters no distinction 
has been made between o and * ; ^ and ^> ; -r and o ; or ^ 

and i> The other Arabic letters have been transliterated as fol- 
lows: ^ th. kh, j dh, j z, JL sh, ^ dl, ii tl, .gh, >_* f. 

The nasal letter 'am c. which changes its sound according to the 

vmvel written with it, is represented by a rough breathing (*) placed 
before the vowel. The purely Aiabic letters given above are very 
generally mispronounced by Malays, dh being pronounced as z, th as 
>. and sometimes f as p, and z as j. Such words are given in the 
vocabulary under both letters in order to make it easy for the student 
to find them; thus idhin will also be found under izin, and thalatha, 
under salasa. 

Orthographic Signs. 

As already stated, the inverted comma represents the Arabic nasal 
letter 'qin. It is placed before the vowel which has the nasal sound, 
as in the words 'ahini, 'Um,u, m'alim, do'a. 

The apostrophe represents the Arabic sign -hantzah, both at the 
end of a word as described above and also in the middle of a word 
between two vowels, where it indicates that the vowels must be pro- 
nounced separately ; this is also the case where the short vowel sound 
is followed by another vowel, as in the words s'isi, k'atas, t'akan, the 
hanizah being used in such cases in the Malay character. The apos- 
trophe is further used to indicate an initial short vowel before the 
consonants m and n, as in the words 'max, 'ntah, 'njgan, etc. 

The hyphen is used in this Vocabulary to show the division of 
the words into syllables, except where the division is marked by an 
apostrophe or an inverted comma or by the mark ' which shows where 
the accent falls, as described below. In ordinary writing the hyphen 
should only be used where a word is reduplicated, or to separate 
from the words to which they are attached those prefixes, suffixes 
and other particles which do not foum an integral part of the 
word itself; these are: the preposition /-. the abbreviated numeral 
*'-. the passive prefix di-, the pronominal suffixes, -leu, -mu, and 
-tya, and the particles -lali, -kah, -nah, -tati. The preposition di is 
distinguished from the passive prefix di- by the absence of the hyphen. 


References to the Grammar. 

Words which are followed by numerals in parentheses are re- 
ferred to in the " Practical Malay Grammar " in the paragraphs of 
which the numbers are given, where in every case some Further 
explanation of such words will be found. By this means the Voca- 
bulary becomes to some extent an index to the Grammar, and in 
regard to the use of certain words the student is enabled to obtain a 
large amount of information which could not possibly be looked for 
in a Vocabulary. 

Root Words and their Derivatives. 

In the Malay language a very large number of words are derived 
from root words by the addition of prefixes or suffixes. Sometimes 
several prefixes and suffixes are attached to the same word, and there 
is so much variety in their use that it would be extremely cumbersome 
to insert all such derived words in alphabetical order as separate words. 
The plan which is followed in this vocabulary is that which has been 
adopted in all Malay dictionaries, namely to put all derived words 
under the head of the roots from which they are derived. 

Some prefixes and suffixes are only used to form nouns, and 
others are used with verbs. The former are : 
Prefix p, which denotes the agent. 

Prefix p and suffix an, forming abstract nouns from verbs. 
Prefix per and suffix an, forming verbal nouns from verbs. 
Prefix k and suffix an, forming nouns from adjectives and 

Suffix an forming nouns from verbs, and usually expressing 

the thing which is affected by the action. 
The verbal forms are : 

Prefix ber, which forms present participles with intransitive 


Prefix ter, which forms past participles. 
Prefix di-, which forms the passive voice. 
Prefix m, used with transitive verbs. 
Suffixes kan and i, which form transitive verbs. 
In this vocabulary the derivatives will be found in the follow- 
ing order: (1) compound words and phrases formed with the simple 
root in combination with other words; (2) the verbal derivatives; 
(3) derived nouns. Only those derivatives are given which are in 
ordinary use; the fact that any particular derived form is not found 
be used. 

In the case of words which are essentially verbs or can be used as 
verbs in the root form, the derivative formed with the prefix b<>r or ///. 
as the case may be, is given immediately after the root. Where the 
prefix ber is thus given it may be taken to indicate that the verb is in- 


transitive, and where the prefix is m that the verb is transitive ; in the 
latter case one of the suffixes Jean or i is sometimes given to show 
which of these forms is most commonly used; in some cases either 
may be used. Some roots may be used either transitively or intran- 
sitively, in which case the derivatives with ber and m are both given. 
distinct form of the word. 

In derived words formed with the prefixes ber, ter, per, di- and Jc, 
therefore usually be discovered without any difficulty, but with the 
prefixes m and p the root in many cases changes its form. A refer- 
ence to the following list of changes will usually enable the student 
to decide what the root is : 
If the root commences with 

I, m, n, or r, it undergoes no change ; 

b, the prefix becomes mm or pin, as buka, mmbuJca; 

p, the prefix becomes mm, or pm, and the initial p of the root is 
elided, as putus, mmutus; 

d or /, the prefix becomes mn or pn, as dapat, mndapat; 

t or cli, the prefix becomes mn or pn and the initial t or cli of 
the root is elided, as tarcih, mnaroJi; 

g or li or a vowel, the prefix becomes mrg or prg, as gali, 
mrg gali ; 

Jc, the prefix become mrg or prg and the initial Jc of the root is 
elided, as Jcararg, mrgararg ; 

s and sometimes ch, the prefix becomes mry or pry and the 

initial s or cJi of the root is elided, as suroh, mryuroli. 
The chief difficulty in discovering the root arises when the root 
commences with p, t, or Jc, from the fact that when the initial letter 
kararg or ararg respectively. When in doubt the student must look for 
both forms. Thus with derivatives commencing with mry, the root 
should first be sought for under the more common letter s and then 
t and then under n, those commencing mm under p or m, and those 
Similarly of course with derivatives formed with p in its various 

Words of Foreign Origin. 

The Malays have a remarkable aptitude for adopting foreign 
words, which in most cases become assimilated to the Malay style of 
pronunciation, the spelling being sometimes changed to suit the new 


pronunciation. It is important that the student should know the 
be able to discriminate between synonymous words and decide which 
should be used in conversation with the various nationalities ly 
whom Malay is spoken. Thus one would not hesitate to use words 
words in conversation with persons who come from the Dutch Indies, 
whereas one should avoid words of Arabic or Persian origin except 
when speaking with educated Malays. It should be remembered, 
however, that some foreign words have become so thoroughly incor- 
porated in the language as to be well understood by all, as for instance 
such words as waktii, 'umor, smoa, burni, fikir, fakat, etc. A large 
number of English, Portuguese and Dutch words, however, though 
well understood in the Settlements, are practically unknown to native*. 
living in the interior, so that it is necessary to exercise some disere- 
tion in the use of such words. 

Spelling: of Foreign WorJs. 

Malay lexicographers have usually romanized words of foreign 
origin in harmony with the spelling of the language from which such 
nounced by Malays. This plan of having a different system for roman- 
izing foreign words causes great confusion in a vocabulary and has 
been avoided as far as possible in this work. Such words will be 
found spelt phonetically according to the Malay pronunciation. Thus 
Sanskrit and Arabic words which are pronounced by Malays with the 
a, i, or u, as tanira, nixcJwya. and pusaka, which are here spelt in Ira. 
nschaya and psaka. The former arrangement, though perhaps scienti- 
fically correct, presents such unnecessary difficulties to the unsophistic- 
ated mind that a consistent system of phonetic spelling appears pre- 
ferable. Again it may be more accurate to write kalimat shahadu/. 
but as the Malays always say klimah shah a flat, it would be misleading 
to spell otherwise. 

Accent in Root Words. 

to know on which syllable the stress should be laid as it is to have 
every word spelt phonetically. A novel feature of this vocabulary 
is that the stress on each word is shown by means of an accent, in the 
same way as is done in Webster's Dictionary. It will be noticed 
that in root words the accent usually falls on the penultimate. When 
the vowel of the penultimate is short, however, the accent very fre- 
is an almost equal stress on the two syllables, and in such cases the 


though it generally seems to be on the penultimate. Words of Arabic- 
origin are often accentuated by the Malays in a manner different from 
the Arabs. In this vocabulary no attempt has been made to indicate 
the original Arabic pronunciation; the aim has been to accentuate 
every word in the way in which it is ordinarily pronounced by Malays 
in the colloquial language. 

Accent in Derivatives. 

Many authorities on the Malay language have maintained that in 
derivatives the accent moves forward on the addition of a suffix from 
the penultimate of the root to the penultimate of the derived word. 
The Dutch scholar van der Wall was the first to controvert this 
theory, which is also opposed by the grammarian Gerth van Wijk, and 
is undoubtedly incorrect. As a rule the accent in derivatives remains 
on the same syllable on which it stood in the root, the principal excep- 
tions being words ending in arg, in which the accent falls on the penul- 
timate of the derivative on the addition of the suffix an. Those who 
wish to see the arguments on both sides of this question will find it 
fully discussed in a paper on " The Evohition of Malay Spelling," in 
No. 36 of the Journal of the Straits Branch of the Eoyal Asiatic 
Society, published as a separated paper by the Methodist Publishing 

In regard to the division of the syllables it will be found that on 
the addition of a suffix commencing with a vowel the final consonant 
of the root is carried forward to commence the new syllable. The 
Malays invariably divide the syllables in this way, each syllable being 
begun with a consonant wherever it is possible. The same thing is 
done when a prefix ending in a consonant comes before a root com- 
mencing with a vowel, as m-tya-k-n from mig and aim. 


Another special feature of this vocabulary is that synonyms or 
words of cognate meaning and sometimes those of exactly opposite 
meaning, are referred to in the case of a very large proportion of the 
words. This is intended to open up a very wide field of study to those 
who wish to make a careful comparison of the precise meanings of 
Malay words, and who desire to be #ble to discriminate between words 
of nearly similar meaning. The advanced student is strongly re- 
commended to make such words a special study. 




A. D. 

anno domini, in the 


year of our Lord. 







num. coeff. 





Baba Malay. 







q. v. 











for example. 























numeral coefficient. 




which see. 




used only in Chris- 
tian literature or 
among native 


paragraph 20 of the 
"Practical Malay 

Ma!ay=English Vocabulary. 

a'bad (Ar.), that which has no 
end, an eternal future; see 

a-bah-a'bah (Jav.), harness. 
a' ban?, elder brother. 

a'ban-ta'ra (Sk.), herald; see 

a'bok, see habol: 

a'bu, ashes. 

a'chaig, messenger, envoy. 

a'chap, plunged deeply into 
water, or (a weapon) into 
the body. 

a'char (Pers.), pickles. 
a'cheh, a kind of leech; Acheen. 
a'chi (Eng.), axle. 

a'chu, m-rga'clm, to threaten, 
brandish, feint, pretend. 

a'chu-an, mould, matrix, plan, 

a'chum, nt-ti/a'cJium, to stir up 
hatred, irritate. 

a'da (45, 50-54), to exist, be, be 
present, take place. 

ada-kan, to bring into exis- 
tence, cause, make, invent, 

k' a' da' an, existence, condition, 

a'da-tya, a word used to empha- 
size the close of a sentence. 

a' da-pun (133), a punctuation 

a'dab (Ar.), politeness, courtesy. 

a'daig, m-rga'daiy, to lie in wait 

for, lie in ambush. 
a'das ma'nis, aniseed. 

a'das p-das' , cummin. 
'a'dat (Ar.), custom, habit. 

ku'rarg 'adai, uncouth, rude. 
a'dek, younger brother or sister. 
a'dek ber-a'dek, to be brothers 
and sisters. 

'a'dil (Ar.), just, fair. 
k'a'di-lan, justice. 

a-din'da, younger brother or 

sister (polite form of ad(k). 

a'di-pa'ti (Sk.), a Javanese title. 

a'di-ra'ja, di-ra'ja (Sk.)i, a 

Ma'lay title. 
a'do-hi', alas. 

a'don, m-rga'don, to knead, maVb 

a'du, ber-a'du, to sleep (court 


per-a'dn-an (124), bed, bed- 
room, sleeping place (court 

a'du, m-rga'du, -tan, to cause a 
fight, a contest or a dispute, 
make a complaint. 
prrj-a'du-an (124), complaint, 

'a'fi-at (Ar.), good health. 
a'fi-un (Ar.), opium; also apian. 

a'gak, to guess, conjecture, esti- 
mate. Cf. gamak. 

a-ga'ma (Sk.), a religion. Also 
pronounced igama and 
11 gam a. 


a-ga'ma Is' lam, the Moham- 
medan religion. 

a'gar, in order that, so that. 
a'tjar ja'igan, lest. 

a-gar-a'gar, a seaweed and the 
jelly made therefrom. 

a'gas, sandfly. 

a Sn (Jav.), great, in certain 

phrases, as: 
ti'arg a'goirj, mainmast. 

a had (Ar., first), Sunday ; usual- 
ly ha'ri aliad; see hart. 

a'hal, ah'lu (Ar.), people. 
ali'lu 'n-nu'jum, astrologers. 

ah'li (Ar.), familiar with, accus- 
tomed to. 
ah'mak (Ar.), foolish, stupid. 

ah'wal, or ih'wal (Ar.), plural 

of hal, q.v. 
Vib (Ar.), disgrace, shame; 

disgraceful, despicable. 
r a"ib-kan, to despise. 

Ai-ro'pa, Europe; also Iropah. 

4 a-ja"ib (Ar.), wonder, marvel; 
wonderful, marvelous. 

a'jak, m-rga'jak, to persuade, in- 
cite, invite, urge a person to 
accompany one= (B.) ajat. 

a'jal (Ar.), destiny, term of life. 

a'jar, m-tya'jar, -kan, -4, to teach, 

chastise, preach (X.). 
b-la'jar (98), to learn. 
p-la'ja-ran (124)), lesson, the 

thing taught. 
p-rga'jar (121), a teacher, 

preacher (X.). 
p-rga'ja-ran (124), instruction, 


a'ji, m-rga'ji (103), to read, learn 
to read, especially the Koran. 
a'jok, m-rga'jok, to mimic, ridi- 

'a'kal (Ar.), understanding, in- 
telligence, reason; the mind. 
'a'kal bu'di, intelligence. 
ber'a'kal (114), intelligent, in- 
tellectual, sensible. 

a'kan (45, 148, 150), to, for, in 

order to, shall, will. 
ta'a'kan, will not, it cannot be 

a'ka-nim' (Ar.), persons of the 
Trinity (X.); plural of 

a'kar, root, a generic term for 
climbing plants. See also 
banir, jargkar, tunjarg. 

akh'bar (Ar. plural of khabar), 
news, a newspaper. 

a'khir (Ar.), the end, the last; 

last, final. 
a'khir-rya, the end of it, at last. 

a'khi-rat (Ar.), the future life, 


dun' in a'khi-rat, in this world 
and the next, for all time. 

ak-sa'ra (Sk.), a letter (of the 
alphabet). See huruf. 

a'ku (6, 7), I, me. 

m-rga'ku, -i (103), to confess, 

avow, guarantee, undertake 

to do a thing. 
p-tya'ku-an, confession, creed 


a-la-baig'ka (Port.), crowbar. 

a'lah, to lose in a conflict, suffer 

defeat; also kalah (B.). 
a'lah-kan, to defeat, subdue. 

'a-la'i-hi' (Ar.), unto him. 

'a' lam (Ar.), the universe, the 


'a'lam bar-zakh', Hades, the 
abode of departed spirits. 


"a-la'mat (Ar.), sign, token, 
mark, emblem, symbol, ad- 
dress of a letter. 

a I a rj>;, transverse, across. 

a-lu'njan, bar, sand bank at the 

mouth of a river. 
pa'laty, cross bar, transverse 

beam. Of. malarg. 

a'larg, usually a-larg-a'larg, k-pa'- 
lanj or a'laig k-pdlarg, in- 
significant, of slight extent 
or degree, of no account. 
a'larg-kah, is it a small thing? 
an emphatic interrogation, 
as a'laig-kah ba'ik, would it 
not be good? 

a'lap, -in-nja'lap, to gather fruit 
1>\ cutting with a knife on 
the end of a pole. Cf. 70- 

a'las (164), that which is placed 
under anything, lining, 

ii'his-knn, to line, put some- 
thing under. 

a'lat, apparatus, instruments, 
equipment, weapons. Cf. 

a leh, ber-a'leh, to change one's 

position, move (intrans.). 
n'leh-kan, to remove, shift. 

a-li-a'li, a sling. Cf. Isirg. 

41 li-hah (Ar.), gods; plural of 

"a'lim (Ar.), learned, scholarly, 
well informed. 

a'lir, m-tga'Ur, to flow (as water). 

al-ke sah (Ar.) (133), punctu- 
ation word. 

Al-ku'dus (Ar.), the holy. 
Eoli' Al-ku'dus, the Holy 

Al'lah (Ar.), God. 

al-ma'ri (Port.), an almeirah, 

Al-ma'seh (Ar.), ilie Messiah, 

al'pa (Sk.), neglect. Also 1'pa. 
al'pa-kan, to neglect. 

a'lu, m-rga'lu-kan and m-tya-lu- 
rga'-lu-kan, to go to meet or 
receive a person. 

a'lu (Jav.), a pestle for husking 
rice ; usually antan. 

a'lun, large waves, a swell; see 
ombak and g1oinba.rg. 

a-lun-a'lun (Jav.), courtyard, 
open space before a house. 
Usually Jilaman. 

a'lur, a channel, groove, water- 
a lu-ran, canal, ditch. 

al'wat (Ar.), aloes-wood; usual- 
ly gharu. 

a'mah, a Chinese nurse. 

'a'mal (Ar.), deed, action; good 

works, meritorious action. 
a'man (Ar.), peace, security. 

a - m a ' n a t ( Ar. ) , trustworthy ; 
fidelity, trust, trustee. Some- 
times pronounced umanat. 
a-ma'nat-kan, to entrust. 

a'maig, m-rga' nravg , to threaten. 
Cf. ugot and gertak. 

a-ma'rah, anger; see marah. 
a-mas', gold; see 'mas. 

a'mat, very. 

m-iiga-ntat-a'ma-ti, to give 

special attention to, watch 

very closely. 
am 'bang;, the upper and lower 

beams of a door frame. Cf. 

'am 'bar (Ar. 'anbar], amber. 


am'bil, m-rgam'bil (55), to tak'e, 

ant'bil a'rgin = nia'kan a'rgin, 
to go for an airing or plea- 
sure excursion. 

m-iy am'bil lia'ti o'rarg, to gain 
people's affections. 

am'bin, a scarf or band for se- 
curing burdens carried on 
the back. 

am-ho'i. oh! exclamation of as- 

am'bol, m-rgam'bol, to rebound. 
Cf. anjal. 

am-boig-am'bong:, a plant, the 
pith of which is used for 
lamp wicks. 

ambun, see 'mbun. 

a'min (Ar.), amen; true, faith- 
a'mir (Ar.), chief, commander. 

a'mok, m-rga'mok, a frenzied as- 
sault; to attack furiously, 
" run amuck." 

am'pat, or 'm'-pat (29-35), four 

am' pat b-las' ', fourteen. 
. am'pat per-s-gi' or am'pat per- 
sa'gi, square. 

am'pat pu'loh, forty. 

k' am' pat, all four. 

s-per-am'pat, a quarter. 

yarg k' am' pat, the fourth. 

am'pu, m-rgam'-pu, to hold in 
the hands, govern, rule over, 
support, sustain. 

am'pun, m-rgam'-pun, -kan, -i, 
pardon, forgiveness: to for- 
give, pardon. 
k'a in' pit-nan, forgiveness. 

am-pu n/a, to possess, own. 
pu'rya (12, 14. 15, 21), the pos- 
sessive particle. 

iinn-)in-iija"i, to possess, own.' 
a-nai-a'nai, the white ant; see 
smut put fli. 

a'nak, child, the smaller part of 
a thing, the young of animal?- 
and plants. 

a'nak A' dam, children of 
Adam, the human ran-. 

a-nak-a'na-kan, a doll. 

a'nak arg'kat, adopted child. 

a'nak a' yam, chicken. 

a'nak a'yer, a small stream. 

a'nak hi'ni, family. 

a'nak boty'su, youngest child. 

a'nak Wall, the dependants of 
a Malay chief. 

a'nak chu'chu, descendants. 

a'nak dam, virgin. 

a'nak da'yorg, oarsman, rower. 

a'nak km'bar, twins. 

a'nak kun'cln, key. 

a'nak la-ki-la'ki, boy. 

a'nak li'dali, the uvula. 

a'nak mu'rid, a pupil. 

a'nak neg'ri, native of a coun- 

a'nak pa'nah, arrow. 

a'nak pi-a'tu, orphan. 

a'nak p-ra'hu, boatmen, sailors. 

a'nak p-rem'pu-an, girl. 

a'nak ra'ja, prince. 

a'nak ro da, spokes of a wheel. 

a'nak sati-da'ra, nephew, niece 1 - 

a'nak su'lorg, first-born. 

a'nak su'rgai, tributary stream. 

a'nak targ'ga, steps of a ladder. 

a'nak tin, step-child. 

a'nak turf gal, only child. 

a'nak ya'tim, an orphan. 

ber-a'nak, to have children, bear- 

ber-a'nak-kan (117), to bring 
forth, to beget. 

per-a'na-kan, native, native- 

ka'nak-ka'nak, infant. 


a-nak-n'da, a-nan'da,, child, (po- 
lite form of an a/i). 

-a-nam or 'nam', six. For 
derived forms see ampai. 

-ananas, see nanas. 

an'bi-a (Ar.), prophets; plural 
of nabi. 

an'chak. a plate or basket of 
ham boo in which offerings to 
tbe spirits are placed = (B.) 

. Jin-tun' iin'rliak, to put out 

-in dam. in-Kjan'darn (Pers.), to 
dress arrange (hair) ; fringe. 

an 'dan?, torch of dry coco-nut 

an-de'ka (Jav.), you, pronoun 
>f tbe 2nd person, used in 
addressing superiors. 

aneka, see anika. 

a-rgan-a'igan, thoughts, medi- 
tations, unsatisfied desires. 
a-tgan-a'ipan lia'ti, conscience 

anj'gal, light, buoyant, high in 
tbe water (of a ship). 

aig'gok, m-tgatg'yok, to nod or 

bow the head. 
aig'gor, the grape vine. 
anj-go'ta (Sk.), a member, limb, 

)>art of the body. 
^n^'grek, orchid. 
a'igin, wind. 

<in i 'hi I ii ' > i/in, see ambit. 
rJia'kap a'tyin, empty talk. 
di a'ia* a'igin, windward, west- 
tern lands, 

<l\ ba'icah a'njin, leeward, Ma- 
layan lands. 

jna'kan a'tyin, see ambit. 
HHi'la a'i</in, the points of the 

jw'l-ok a'njin, a storm cloud. 
a'njin-kan, to dry in the air. 

aig'ka (Sk.), a figure, arithmeti- 
cal symbol. 
arcj'ka du'a, the figure two, sign 

of reduplication. 
aig-ka'ra (Sk.), perverse, vio- 
aig-ka'sa (Sk.), the sky, the 

arg'kat, m-iyaiy'l-at, -kan (55, 

63), to lift up, raise. 
lU'/'kat a'nal', to adopt a chilch 
a'nak aig'kat, adopted child. 
ber-aty'kat, to depart. 
aiy'ka-tan, expedition, fleet of 

ships, caravan. 

maiy'kat, to die (court lan- 
parg'katj stage, platform, tierj 

rank, position. 
aig'kau or 'ng'kau (6, 8, 10), 

thou, tbee, you. 

aig'kop, tweezers, small pincers. 
aig'kut, m-iyaiy'kut, to fetch and 

carry, carry piece by piece. 
aig'sa (Sk.), goose. 

an-ia'ya (Sk.), tyranny; see 

a-ni'ka (Sk.), of various sorts, 
all kinds of; also aneka. 

an'jal, nt-if/an'jal, to resist pene- 
tration, resist or throw back 
a weapon, cause to rebound. 
Cf. anibot. 
, dog. 

a raised hall or veran- 
dah, cabins in the poop of a 

si lip. 

iii-ii/an'joty ta-yaiy-la'yaiy, to 
tlirow a kite up in the air. 

an'jur, m-ryan'jur, to project, 
stand out, precede. 



p-irjan'jur, one who precedes, a 

an'sur, ber-an'sur, to progress. 
ber-an'sur-an'sur, gradual ly. 

an'tan, pestle of a mortar. 

an-ta'ra (Sk.), between, anumg; 
an interval of time or space. 

p-rgan-ta'ra, a go-between, me- 
diator (X.). 

s-man-ta'ra, while, whilst, dar- 

an-te'ro (Port.), the whole, all, 

an-tinj-an tin<, ear-drops. 
an 't- las or at'las (Ar.), satin. 

an'tok, m-rgan'tok (103), to 
doze, sleep. 

an'tok, ber-an'tok, to collide, 

strike against. 

ba'tu ter-an'tok. stumbling 
block (X.). 

a'nu, a certain (person or place). 
si-a'nu, Mr. so-and-so. 

a-nu'g-rah (Sk.), favour, grace, 
the gift of superior to an in- 
ferior. Sometimes nugralia. 
a-nu'g-rah-kan (149), to give 
(to inferiors), bestow a fa- 

a'n/am, m-iya'iyam, to plait, in- 
terlace (as basket work). 
Cf. slampet. 

an-ya'ya (Sk.), tyranny, perse- 
cution, oppression. 
an-ya'ya-kan, to persecute, op- 
press, injure. 

a'n/ut, drifting; see haryut. 

a'pa (18, 19), what? 
a-pa-a'pa, whatever. 
a-pa-bi'la, when. 
a'pa fa' sal, why? 

a'pa gu'na, wliat i> the use? 

a-pa-ka-'ld, when. 

a'pa-lah, prithee, if you |>li';i.-<-, 

a'pa ma' chain (19). what kind! 

a'pa s-bab' , why? 

ba-rarg-a'pa, whatever. 

ti-dak a'pa, it is nothing, never 

b-b-ra'pa, some, several : how- 
ever much (144). 

b-ra'pa, how much, how many.. 
however much or many (in- 
definite number). 

s-b-ra'fia, as many as. as ninda 

b-ta'pa, how? why? 

k-iia'pa, why? 

nt->ya'pa, why? 

si-a'pa (18, 19), who? 

ba'raty si-a'pa, whoever. 

p-rga' pa-lean, to do something: 
to a jjerson. 

a'pam (Tarn.), a thin cake made- 
with flour. 

a'pi, fire. 

a-pi-a'pi, the generic name for 

several kinds of trees. 
ba'ra a'pi, embers. 
bu'rga a'pi, sparks, fireworks. 
gu'notg a'pi, volcano. 
lea' pal a'pi, steamship. 
ka'ifu a'pi, firewood. 
k-re'ta a'pi, locomotive engine,. 


p-ri'ok a'pi, bomb. 
di-ma'kan a'pi, consumed by 


a'pil (Eng.), appeal. 

a'pit, m-vga'pit, to press, nip^ 

ber-a'pit, close together, in 


p-rga'pit, a pinch of anything; 
(as snuff). 


a' pi-Ian, a press for printing, 
or for extracting the juice of 
sugar-cane, etc. 

a'pi-un, opium; see afiun. 
a'poig, driftwood; to drift. 
a'ra, trees of the genus fig. 
'A'rab (Ar.), Arabic, Arabian. 
a'rah, towards, in the direction 

a'rak (Ar.), spirituous liquors, 


a'rak, ler-a'rak, to march in pro- 
per-a'ra-kan, state carriage, 

processional car, procession. 
a'raig, charcoal. 
a'raig ba'tu, coal. 
a'ratg di mu'ka, disgrace. 
b-narg' a'rarg, chalk line. 
ka'yu a'raiy, ebony. 
'a' rash (Ar.), throne (of God); 

also 'arsli. 

a'rif (Ar.), intelligent, well-in- 
formed, cultured. 
ar'ki-an (133), then, thereupon. 

Also arakian. 
a'ror^, m-iya'roiy, to wade, fofd 

a river, cross a sea or strait. 
*arsh' (Ar.), throne (of God). 
ar'ta (Sk.), property; see lierta. 
ar'ti or er'ti (Sk.), meaning, 

ar'ti-iya, that is to say. 
m-iyer'ti (103), to understand, 

m-ryer'ti-kan, to explain, give 

the meaning. 

p-rger'ti-an, understanding, in- 
tellect, intelligence, sense. 
a'rus, current, tide; see haru*. 

ar'wah (Ar. plural of roh), the 
spirits of the dead, feasts in 
honour of the dead. 

a-sa' or sa f , one; see satu. 

da'lani s-pu'loh a-sa', one in 

ten, a tithe. 
a'sa-kan, to unite, make one. 

a'sa (Sk.), hope. Also see asal. 
pu'tus a'sa, hopeless. 

a'sah, m-rga'sah, to grind, whet, 

sharpen. Cf. kilir. 
ba'tu a'sah, whetstone. 
a'sak, m-rga'sak, to fill tightly 
(as a bag), ram in, press 
(as in a crowd). 
a'sal (Ar.), origin. 

a'sal-u'sul, descent, origin, gen- 

a'sal, if, provided that ; also a'sal- 

kan, and sometimes asa. 
a'sal ja'rgan, lest. 

a'sam, acid, sour; also masam. 
li'mau a'sam, the lime fruit. 

a'sap, smoke. 

'a'shik (Ar.), in love, enamour- 
ed; love, passion. 

a'sin (adj.), salt, saline; also 

a'sin?, separate, apart, distinct, 

foreign, private. 
o'rarg a'sirg, a stranger. 
neg'ri a'sirg, a foreign country. 
a'sirg-kan, to separate, set 


a'soh, m-rga'soh, to nurse, take 

care of children. 
p-iya'soli, a nurse. 

a'su, dog, in the expression gi'gi 
a'su, canine teeth. 

a'sut, m-rga'sui, to incite, stir up, 

instigate: (B.) vsut, q.v. 
a'su-tan, instigate. 

a'tap, thatch, usually of palm 
leaves : hence any roof cover- 
ins 1 . 



a' tap gn'tirg, a tile roof. 

a'tas, on (27), above, over, 

against (150). 

cli a'tas a'tgin, windward, west- 
ern lands. 

a'tau (Sk. ataiva), or. 

a tla-mat (Ar.), greatness, pow- 
er; great, mighty. 

at' las (Ar.), satin. 

a'tur, m-nja'tur, -kan, to arrange, 

put in order. 
a' iu-ran (125), arrangement. 

a'um, m-rga'um, roar (as a tiger). 

a'ur, several kinds of large bam- 

a'wak, thou, you. 

aVal (Ar.), first; commence- 
ment, beginning. 

a'wan, cloud. 

a Vat (Penang), why. 

a'yah, father. Usually bapa. 
a' yali-n' da-, father (polite 

a'yak, m-rga'ya'k, to sift. 
a'ya-kan, a sieve. 

a'yam, a generic name for fowls. 
a' yam b-lan'da, a turkey. 
a'yam hu'tan, jungle fowl. 
a' ya in i'telc, poultry. 
a'yam jan'tan, cock. 
a'yam km-bi'ri, a capon. 
a'yam mu-ti-a'ra, guinea fowl. 
a'yam sa'borg, a fighting cock. 
a'nak a'yam, chicken. 
aom-ba'la a'yam, one who tends 

layer bu'lu a'yam, latteen sail. 

a ya-pan, food, eatables (court 

a'yat (Ar.), verse of the Koran, 
or of the Bible (X.). 

a'yer, water, liquid, juice. 

a'yer aiy'gor, wine. 

a'yer a'pi, strong acids. 

a'yer ball' , a flood, inundation. 

a'yer b-ku', a'yer ba'tu, ice. 

a'yer di'deli, whey. 

a'yer gu'la, molasses, sirup. 

a'yer kan'ji, gruel, rice water. 

a'yer k-ras', spirituous liquors. 

a'yer ma'du, honey. 

a'yer man'di, bathing water. 

a'yer 'mas' , gilding. 

a'yer ma'ta, tears. 

a'yer ma' war, rose water. 

a'yer mi'num, drinking water. 

a'yer mu'ka, complexion, ex- 
pression of the face. 

a'yer pa'saiy, flood tide. 

a'yer sm-bali'yarg, water for 
religious ablutions. 

a'yer su-rut' , ebb tide. 

a'yer ta'war, fresh water. 

a'yer teh', tea. 

a'yer ter'jun, waterfall. 

bn-anj' a'yer, to ease oneself; 
see buarg. 

ma'ta a'yer, spring. 

ta'nali a'yer, one's native land. 

a'yun, ber-a'yun, to swing, rock, 


a'yu-nan, a rocking cradle, 

a'zal (Ar.), that which had no 
beginning, an eternal past. 
Cf. abad. 

'a'zi-mat (Ar.), charm, spell, 
amulet. Also targkal. 


bab' (Ar.), chapter. 
ba'ba, foreigners born in Malaya, 
especially Chinese. 

ba'bi, pig. 

ba'bi hu'tan, wild pig. 


iji'la ba'bi, epilepsy. 
ba'cha, ntin-ba'cha, to read. 
ba'charg, the horse mango. 
ba'dak, the rhinoceros. 
ha dam (Pers.), the almond. 

ba'dan (Ar.), the human body. 
Cf. tuboli. 

ba'gai, kind, sort. 

hfr-ba-gai-ba'gai (115), pl- 

ba'fjai, ba-gai-ba'gai, of 

various kinds. 
s-lxi'ijui, the same kind, even 

MS. like. 
Ixn/ainifina, see bgintana. 

ba'gan, (Penang) landing stage ; 
sec parg1t(ffdn\ 

ba'ghal (Ar.), mule. 

ba'gi, to, for, towards; (Penang) 
to give, cause = kasi. 

bagitu, see bg it-it. 

ba'gus, beautiful, fine, nice. 

bah', flood, inundation. Cf. 


ba'hang, radiant heat. 
bah'kan, yea, moreover. 
bah't-ra (Sk.), state barge; ark 

ba'hu, shoulder. 

bah'wa (Sk.) (138). a punctu- 
ation word ; see bhawa. 
bah'ya or ba'hi-a (Sk.), danger, 

peril. Also ma'ra balt'ya. 
bai-du'ri (Sk.), certain precious 
stones, opals, cat's eyes, etc. 
Cf. manikfini. 
ba'ik, good, well; (B.) in good 


ba-ik-ba'ik. be careful. 
ba'ik. . bti ' ik . . , both . . and . . 
ba'ik-lali. all right. 
ba'ik pa' ma, handsome. 

a'lla ba'ik? (B.) are you well? 

ja'ga ba-ik-ba'ik, be careful. 

kha'bar ba'ik, lit., good news, a 
reply to salutation; see Telia- 

wm-ba'i-ki (103), to mend. 

k-ba'i-kan, goodness. 

bait' (Ar.), house, in certain 

phrases, as: 

ba-i'tu- 'Hah, the house of God. 
Bai'tn 'l-mu-ka'dis, Jerusalem. 

ba'ja, manure. 

nnn-ba'ja, to manure. 

ba'ja (Sk.), steel. 
//->/' ba'ja, steel. 

ba'jak, plough. Cf. trggala. 
ma'ta ba'jak, ploughshare. 
targ'kai ba'jak, plough handle. 

ba'ji, wedge. 

ba'jik, only found in its deriva- 

k-ba'ji-kan, virtiie, good deeds, 
welfare, advantage. 

ba'ju, coat, jacket. Cf. jubali. 

bn'JH da' la in, underwear, vest. 

ba'jn ran'iai, coat of mail. 

ba'ju zi'rali, coat of mail. 

ta'iyan ba'ju, sleeve. 
ba'ka, origin, birth, breeding. 

ba'ka (Ar.), eternal, imperish- 
able, as opposed to fana, 
perishable. Cf. kkal. 

ba'kar, inm-ba'kar, -kan, to 

burn, roast. Cf. liargus. 
Im'kdr b-f-'i'. to make iron hot. 
frr-ba'kar, burnt. 

ba'kau, mangrove. 

ba'ki (Ar.), surplus, remainder, 
cash balance. 

ba'koig, lily. 

bak'sis (Pers.), present. 

bak'ti (Sk.), loyalty, loyal ser- 
vice, devotion. 



ber-bak'ti, devout, loyal. 
k-bak'ti-an, loyalty, devotion. 

ba'kul, basket. Cf. kranjary, 
gar ing and raga. 

ba-la" (Ar.), trouble, affliction, 

calamity; also bla'. 
ba'la (Sk.), soldiers, an army. 
ba'la in t-ra, an army. 

ba'lai, a hall, the roof resting on 
pillars, and not enclosed by 
walls; a police station (Pe- 
nang and Perak). 
ba'lai-rorg' or ba'lai ru'arg, a 
king's hall of assembly. 

ba'lak (D.), a beam, baulk. 

ba'laig, a long-necked bottle. 

ba'lar, whiteness of the skin, as 
of an albino. 

ba'las, mm-ba'las, -kan, to send 
a reply, recompense (good or 
evil), return, revenge, re- 

ba'las dn'dam, to revenge one- 

ba'las sn'rai, to answer a letter. 
ba'la-san and pm-ba'la-san, re- 
ward, requital, revenge. 
ba'lau, a timber tree. 
bai'di (Hind.), iron pail. 
baldu, see bludu. 

ba'lek, ber-ba'lek, to turn (163), 
return; (B.) on the contrary. 
Cf. kmbali, 
ba'lek sa'kit, relapse. 
pu'tar ba'lek, shuffling, prevari- 
ba'lek-kan, to turn round or 

upside down, upset. 
ba'ligh (Ar.), adult, at the age 
of puberty; also 'a'kal ba'- 

ba'lu, widow, widower; usually 
janda. Cf. bujarg. 

ba'lut, mm-ba'lut, to wrap, ban- 
dage. Cf. barut and bbat. 

bam'bu, the bamboo; see bnloli 
and aur. 

ba'mi (Cliiu.), Chinese vermi- 
celli with meat and vege- 

ban'chi, poll-tax, census. 

ban'dar (Pers.), a seaport town, 
shah-ban' dar, harbour-master. 

ban-dar'sah (Ar.), a village 
mosque; see mandarsah. Cf. 
surau, and msjid. 

ban'ditg, a match, counterpart, 
peer, compeer; to compare; 
also bandirgkan. 

ba'igat, quick, rapid, hurried. 
Cf. chpat, Ikas, dras, lajic 
and pantos. 

ba'rgat-kan, to hurry a person,, 
or work. 

ba'igau, heron. 

bar^'kai, carcase, corpse. Cf- 
ma i/at. 

baig'kit, ber-barg'kit, to rise (to> 

a standing posture or as 

dust), rise from the dead 


barg'kit-kati, to raise up, rouse 

k-ba n/'ki-ta n , resurrection ( X . ) . 

bai^'ku (Port.), a bench, stool. 

baig'sa (Sk.), a race, nation,, 
people, caste, good breeding. 
ber-batg'sa, of good birth, no- 

baig'sal, shed. 

baty'xnl kit' da, stal)le. 

bai^'sat, vagabond, tramp, pau- 

baig-sa'wan (Sk.), noble, of 
good birth. 



si, flute, flagiolet. 

ba'rgun, to arise, awake. Cf. 

jaga and sdar. 
ba'igun-kan, to arouse, erect, 


ba'vgu-nan, building, erection. 
ba-igun-ba'tgu-nan, tower. 

ba'ni (Ar.), sons, people; see bni. 

ba'ni-an (Hind.), a Hindu tra- 

ba'ni-an, a shirt. 

ba'nir, projections at the base of 
certain trees which extend 
to the ground like buttresses. 

ban 'jar, a row, series. Cf. deret. 

ban tah (149), ber-ban'tah, to 

dispute, argue, quarrel. 
per-bari ta-lian , dispute, quar- 

ban'tai, mat -ban'tai, to slaugh- 
ter; beat severely. 

ban'tai, pillow, cushion. 

ti'kar ban'tai, bedding (of a 


ban'tirg, mnt-ban'tiiy, -kan, to 
beat together, dash down; to 
beat as clothes on a stone in 
washing them : to toss about 
in bed as in delirium. 

ban'tirg k-pa'la, to rack one's 

ban'tirg tu'larg, to exert one- 

ban'tu, mm-ban'tu, to help, aid, 
assist. Cf. tolorg. 

ban 'tun, nun-ban' tun, to tear up 
by the roots, pull up, pull 
out. Cf. cliabot. 

ban'tut, abortive. 

ba'iyak, much, many, very; 

quantity (36, Note). 
ba'ryak o'rarg, many people. 

o'raiy ba'tyak, the people, the- 

populace, a crowd. 
* s-ba'njak, so many, as many. 

k-ba'n/a-kan, the majority, the 
major part; common, ordi- 

ba'pa, father. Cf. ayah, 
ba'pa sau-da'ra, uncle. 
ba'pa ti'ri, step father. 
mak' ba'pa or i'bu ba'pa, pa- 
bap'tis and bap'ti-san, baptism. 


bap'tis-kan, to baptize (X.). 
ba'ra and ba'ra a' pi, embers, live 


ba'rah, abcess, ulcer, tumour. 
Cf. pkorg, bistil and jrairat. 

ba'rafg, things, goods, personal 

property, baggage. Also 

ba'ra ig a' pa (20), whatever, 


ba'ra rg bi'la, whenever. 
ba'ra tg di ma'na, wherever. 
ba'raig-ka'U, perhaps. 
ba'raty k-ma'na, whithersoever. 
ba'ra tg si-a'pa (20), whoever, 


ba'raig s-sn-a'tu, whatever. 
ba'raty yatg' , whatever. 
s-ba'raig, any, anything. 
ba'rat, west. 

ba'rat da'ya, south-west. 
ba'rat la'ut, north-west. 
s-sat' ba'rat, altogether astray. 
ba'rifg, ber-ba'ritg, to lie down. 

ba'ritg-kan, to lay down. 
ba'ris, a line or row, a line of 

soldiers, hence drill : vowel 

ba'ris di a'tas, the Arabic vowel 

sign fatliali = a. 
ba'ri* di ba'n-ah, the Arabic 

vowel sign kn. frith - i. 



ba'n'ft di ha'dn-pan, the Arabic 

dlanintah = u. 
ba'ris ma'ti, or tan'da ma'ti, 

the sign jazm, q. v. 

ba'rus, ka'pur ba'rus, camphor. 

ba'rut, mm-ba'rut, a bandage or 
bodice worn by native chil- 
dren ; to bandage a wound. 

bar-zakh' and 'a'lani bar-zakli', 
Hades, the place of departed 

ba'sah, wet, moist. 

ba'sali ku'yup, wringing wet. 

ba'sali-kan, to wet. 

l-a'iu ba'sa-han, bathing cloth. 

ba"sat (B.) (Chin.) bed bug. 
ba'si, mouldy, stale. 

ba'soh, mm-ba'soh, -kan, to 

ba'ta and ba'tu ba'ta, a brick. 

ba'tal (Ar.), futile, ineffectual. 
ba'tal-lfan, to bring to nought. 

ba'targ, trunk or stem (of trees 
and plants) : numeral coeffi- 
cient of long cylindrical ob- 
jects (83, 84). 

ba'ta ty a'yer, watercourse, main 
stream of a district. 

ba'targ hi' doty, the bridge of 
the nose. 

ba'taty ka'yu, trunk of a tree. 

ba'ta irj le'liir, the neck. 

ba-ta'ra (Sk.), a title given to 
Hindu gods. Usually btara. 

ba'tas, ridges, banks round wet 
rice fields, hence boundaries; 
also bataftan. 

ba'tek (Jav.), l-a'in ba'tek, cot- 
ion prints or hand painted 

ba'til, a small metal bowl or 
drinking cup. 

ba'tin, a title of Malay chiefs. 

ba'tin (Ar.), concealed, inward, 
esoteric, as opposed to tlahir, 


ba'tok, cough. 

Ixt'tok l,--rii(/', coiiMimption. 
ba'tok m'lctk, \vliooping cough. 
ba'tu, stone, rock, milestone, and 

hence a mile. 
bain a'pi, flint. 
ba'in a'*ah, whetstone. 
ba'tu ba'tfi, brick. 
ba'tu b-rn'ni, loadstone. 
ba'tu b-si' , granite, or any hard 

rock. Cf. bat it ubin. 
ba'tu da'rhity, the weight of a 

ba'tu !/i'li>U, a stone roller for 

grinding curry stuff. 
ba'tu k- pa' la, the crown of the 

head, the cranium. 
ba'tu ka'raig, coral, coral reef. 
ba'ln ki'sa-ran, millstone. 
ba'tu k-li'kir, gravel. 
Ixi'tn k-ri'sek, gravel, finer than 

the above. 

ba'tu li'eliin, pebbles. 
ba'tu M-la'ka, flooring tiles. 

Cf. batu nihin and batu 


ba'in ni'hin, flooring tiles. 
bn'tu ter-an'tok, stumbling 

block (X.). 
bn'tu u'bin, flooring tiles; (in 

Singapore) granite. Cf. 


ba'tu u'ji, touchstone. 
a'rattj ba'tn, coal. 
ii'i/t-r hn'hi. ice. 
< IKI/I' ha'tu, lithography. 
Uii'ht Ixi'hi, loaf sugar. 
jn'ni ba'tu, the second mate of 

a vessel. 

ni'nin/i ba'tu, a brick house. 
tii'kfiifj ba'tu, mason, brick- 


ban', odour, smell, fragrance. 
ban' bu'sok, a bad smell. 
ber-ban' ' , having a smell, odor- 

ban-bau'an (130), incense, per- 

ba'tir, mixed, confused, in dis- 

cliam'pur ba'ur, in confusion. 

ba'wa, mm-ba'iva (55), to con- 

vey, carry, take, bring. 
ba'ica di'ri, to take oneself off. 
ba'wa i'man, to embrace the 

faith, become a Moham- 


ba'ica ja'lan, to lead the way. 
ba'wa la'ri, to run away with. 
ba'ica ma'sok, to take in, in- 

ba'wa mu'lut, to talk scandal, 

ba'wa per'gi, to take away. 

ba'wah, below, under. 

de'ri ba'wah, from below. 
. di ba'wali, below. 

di ba'wali a'iyin, leeward, Ma- 
layan lands. 

k-ba'wah, to the lower side. 

f, onon. 
ba'yam, spinach. 
ba'yan, a kind of parroquet. 
ba'yan?, shadow, image. 
ba'yar, inin-ba'i/ar, to pay. 
ba'yar rii'at, to pay a vow. 
ba'ya-ran, a payment. 
b-hal , ignorant, stupid. Cf. 


b-han'. burden, load. 
b-bat', to wrap round, bind 

round with cloth, etc. Cf. 

balnt and band. 
b-b-ra'pa, some, a certain quan- 

tity; however much (144) ; 

see a pa. 

b-dak', a cosmetic made of rice 

flour, toilet powder. 
b-da'ki, to powder. 

b-dal', to beat violently with a 
stick; to eat to excess. Cf. 

b-d-bah' (Pers.), ill-omened, ac- 
cursed, wretched. 

b-diT, firearms. 
o'bat b-dil', gunpowder. 

b-doi^;', ka'in b-donj ' , swaddling 
clothes. Cf. larnpin. 

be'a, cowrie shells; taxes, cus- 

be'bas, free, having liberty. Cf. 


be'bas-kan, to set free, liberate. 
k-be'ba-san, liberty, freedom. 

be'cha (Chin.), jinrikisha. 
be'chak, puddle, muddy or 
swampy place. 

be'da or be'za (Sk.), difference, 

distinction. . 

be'da-kan, to distinguish, dis- 

behkan, see bahkan. 

be'la, human sacrifice, suttee; 

tun' tut be'la, to seek vengeance. 

be'lek, mm-be'lek, to look closely. 
be'lok, to luff, tack (in sailing). 

be' lot, treachery; to be a traitor. 
pm-be'lot, a traitor. 

beig'kaig, see bergkok. 

beig'kok, crooked, bent. 

berg'karg beiy'kok., zig-zag. 

be'igonf or bi'igoig, confused 
(of the mind), disconcerted,, 

ben'teig, fort, stockade. Cf. 
k idnt. 


be'rak, to ease oneself; see buarg 

beranda, see branda. 

be'raig, furious, wild with rage. 

ber-ha'la, an idol. 

ni'mah ber-ha'la, a heathen 

beriigin, see brirgin. 

ber'kas, a faggot, a bundle of 
things tied together. 

toer'kat (Ar.), blessing, benedic- 
tion, good influence. 
bcr-ka'ti, to bless. 

Tier'kek, snipe. 

Ber'ma (Sk.), the Hindu god 
Brahma; also brahma. 

ber'man (Sk.), a brahmin; also 

ber-naqg:', to swim; see rnarg. 

T>er-ni-a'ga, to trade; see bniaga. 

berok, see brok. 

1>er-o'leh, to possess, own; see 

T>er'seh, clean. Cf. suchi. 
ber'seli-kan, to clean. 

ber'sin, sneezing; to sneeze. 

be'san, ber-be'san, related by 
marriage of their children. 

be'sok, to-morrow; see esolc. 

-be'ta (Hind.), slave, servant. 

Used as a pronoun of the 1st 

person by royalty. 
T>-gi-ma'na (144), how, in what 

ib-gin'da (Sk.), a title given to 

kings and princes, and used 

as a pronoun of the 2nd or 

3rd person. 

"b-gi'ni, thus, so, like this. 
b-gi tu, thus, so, like that. 

b-ha'gi, mm-b-lia'gi, -kan (149), 
a division, share, part; to 
share, divide. 
b-ha'gi-an, a share. 

b-ha-gi'a (Sk.), good fortune, 
blessing ; blessed, happy; also 

b-ha'na (Sk.), sound of voices, 

b-ha'ra (Sk.), a measure of 

to' lab b-ha'ra, ballast. 

b-ha'ru (161), new, recent; new- 
ly, lately, just, then and not 
till then. 

b-ha'sa (Sk.), language, good 
manners, politeness. 

bit'di b-ha'sa, tact and polite- 

ja'lan b-ha'sa, idiom. 

ju'ru b-ha'sa, interpreter. 

ku'raty b-ha'sa, impolite. 

bhatra, see bahtra. 

b-ha'wa (138) (Sk.), a punctua- 
tion word, generally intro- 
ducing a quotation. Also 

b-ha'ya (Sk.), danger; see bah- 

bi-a'dab (Pers.), rude, dis- 

bi'ak, prolific, fertile. 

bi'ar, -kan, to allow, permit; 
sometimes used almost in the 
sense of although (let it be), 
as, biar lambat pun jadi 
juga, though it be a long 
time it will do. 

bi-ar-bi'ar, intestinal worms. 

bi-a'sa (Sk.), accustomed, ex- 
perienced, intimate, usual. 
bi-a'sa-lcan di'ri, to accustom 
oneself, practise. 



<bi-a'wak, the iguana or monitor 

bi'bi (Hind.), lady, aunt; form 
of address to ladies. 

"bi'bir, the lips, edge or rim of 

bi'bir clia'wan, the edge of a 


bi'bir ma'ta, eyelids. 
bi'bir iiui'lut, the lips. 

bi'bit, mm-bi'bit, to carry or pick 
up with the tips of the 

Ibi-cha'ra, deliberation, discus- 
sion, discourse, conversation, 
advice, opinion, legal pro- 
ceedings, court of justice. 
bcr-bi-cha'ra, to discuss, con- 
bi-t'ha'ra-kan, to advise. 

bi-da-da'ri (Sk.), nymphs in 
Hindu mythology, houris. 

bi'dai, hanging screens or blinds 
made of split rattan or bam- 

hi dak, a pawn in the game of 
chess; see ch-atur. 

bi'dai, thimble; better didal. 

bi'dan (Sk.), midwife. Cf. du- 

bi'darg, broad, extensive; numer- 
al coefficient of sails, mats, 
etc. (84) 

bi'du-an and bi-du-an'da, body 
guard, royal messenger. 

bi'dur, an ingot or block of tin. 

ibi'jak (Sk.), learned, clever, 
skilful; (B.) fluent of 

bi-jak-sa'na (Sk.), intelligent, 
skilful, discreet. 

bi'jeh, tin ore. 

bi'ji, a seed, grain; numeral co- 
efficient of small objects 
(83, 84). 
bi'ji ma'ta, eyeballs. 

bi'kin (B.), to make, do. Cf. 


bi'la, when, when? 
a-pa-bi'la, when. 

bi'lah (83, 84), numeral coeffi- 
cient of knives, swords, 
needles, etc. 

bi'lal (Ar.), the man who calls 
to prayer, the muezzin. 

bilalaig, see blalarg. 

bi'larg, mm-bi'larg, to count, re- 
count, reckon, tell, say. 

ter-bi'larg, famous, renowned. 

bi'laiy-kan, to reckon, consider, 

bi-la'iyan, reckoning, number. 

bi'Iek, room. 

bi'lur, scar, mark of a blow, 

bi-ma-sak'ti (Sk.), the milky 

bim'baig, anxious, uncertain, 

vacillating, irresolute. 
bin' (Ar.), son, son of. 

bi-na'sa (Sk.), ruin, destruc- 
tion; to go to ruin. 
bi-nn' sa-kan , to destroy. 

bi-na'taig, animal. 

biig'kis, a gift, a present sent 
with a letter. 

bi'ngonj, confused, disconcerted, 

bi'ni, wife. Cf. istri. 

a'nak bi'ni, wife and family. 
!><', -bi'ni, to have a wife, be 

married (of the man). 
ber-bi'ni-lfan, to take to wife. 



bin tartf, star; also a decoration. 
bin'targ ber-a'sap, comet. 
bin'taig ber-e'kor, comet. 
bin'tatg ber-i'dar, planet. 
bin'tatg p-tatg' or bin'tatg ba'- 
rat, Venus as an evening 
bin'tatg ti'mor or bin'targ ba'bi, 

Venus as a morning star. 
bin-ta'igor, the name of a tree; 

see bntargor. 

bin'ti (Ar.), daughter of. 
bio (B.) (Chin.), temple. 
bi-o'la (Port.), violin. 
bi'ras, brother-in-law or sister- 
bi-ri-bi'ri (Hind.), sheep. Cf. 

domba and kambirg. 
bi'ru, blue. 

ha'ru bi'ru, confusion, disorder. 
bi'sa, poison; poisonous, painful. 
bi'sa (Jav.), able, capable, can. 
bi'sek, ber-bi'sek, to whisper. 

bi'siig, chattering, or any un- 
pleasant noise of that kind. 

Bis'nu (Sk.), the Hindu god 

bi'su, dumb. Cf. klu. 

bi'sul, a boil, abcess. Cf. jravat 
and bar ah. 

b-kal , supplies for a journey, 
especially food, provisions. 

b-kas', mark or impression left 
by any body or action ; vessel 
in which anything is con- 

b-kas' lea' ki, footprint. 

b-kas' ta'igan, handwriting, sig- 

b-kas' tu'boh, that which has 
touched the body, clothes 
presented as a token of affec- 

b-ku', congealed, coagulated, fro- 
a'ijt'r b-ku' , ice. Cf. ayer bain. 

b-la" (Ar.), affliction, calamity. 
misfortune; also ba-la". 

b-la', inm-b-la', to nurture, .-up- 
port, bring up children. < 'L 

b-la'chan, a composition of dried 
fish and prawns used to sea- 
sou curries. 

b-la'chu, unbleached calico. 

b-lah', mm-b-lah', to split, cleave, 
divide, cut in two length- 

s-b-lah' or sb'lah, one side of 
that which is divided, hence 
one side of anything. 
sb'lalt ka'nan, the right side. 
sb'lah ki'ri, the left side. 
sb'lah ma'ta, one eye. 
sb'lah si'ni, this side. 

Often = the other side. ;i.-: 
sb'lah gn'noig, the other side 
of the mountain. 
sb'lah in-tyb'lah or k-du'a &- 

lah' , both sides. 

sb'lah-kan, to lay aside, sepa- 

b-la' jar, to learn; see ajar. 
b-la'ka, altogether. entirely. 


b-la'kan?, the back, the poster- 
ior: behind, hereafter, after- 
b-la'ka-rgi and b-la'kaiy-kau, to 

turn one's back on. 
b-la'lai, the trunk of an ele- 
phant, the proboscis of in- 
b-la'laig, grasshoppers, locii.-t.- 

and crickets. 

B-lan'da, Dutch; a corruption 
of Hollander; also wolanda- 



', piebald, variegated; spot- 
ted, striped. 

b-la rga, an earthenware pot used 
for cooking. 

b-lan'ja, expenses, cost of any- 
thing, allowance to meet ex- 
penses, hence salary. 
b-hin'ja-kan, to expend. 

b-lan-ta'ra, wild, waste places, 

as : 

liu'lun h-lan-ta'ra, the jungle. 
rim'ba b-lan-ta'ra, the wilds of 

the forest. 

b-Ias' (30). a word which fonn.s 
the numerals from eleven to 
nineteen, similar to the Eng- 
lish "teen." 

b-las', pity, sympatrn;, compas- 

b-ld*'kan, to arouse sympathy 
or to have pity on. 

b-lat', network of rattans laced 
together, used with fishing 
stakes: hence fishing stakes 
or fish traps. 

b-la'tok, woodpecker. 
b-la'yer, to sail; see layer. 
b-le'rarg, brimstone, sulphur. 

b-le'tir, to babble, chatter; sec 

b-li', to buy, purchase. 

jn'nl })-}{', to trade, buy and 

/iin-h-li', that which buys, the 
pru-e or the buvei. 

b-li an, a timber tree. 

b-li kat, the shoulder blade. 

b-Ii'on?, the large Malay axe. 

Of. l-a/>ak and palil. 
n'njin pu'iiiy b-li'onj, water- 

;b-lit', a coil, a turn; a necklace 

or a bandage; to encircle (as 
a snake). 

b-lu'du (Port.), velvet; also 
pronounced bal'du. 

b-Iu'kar, underwood, jungle cut 
down and grown up again', 
scrub. Of. hutan and rimba. 

b-Iu'larg, untanned or raw hides; 
callus, callosity of the skin. 

b-lum' (72), not yet: this word 
sometimes has onlv the force 
of a simple negative. 

b-lum' kah'win, unmarried. 

b-ltini' la'gi, not _yet. 

b-l>nn' ma'sak, unripe or insuffi- 
ciently cooked. 

b-lum' per nali, never yet. 

s-b-lum', before (conj.). 

b-Iunj'gu, fetters, shackles. 
b-lut', eel. 

b-nam', ter-b-nam' , sunken, de- 
pressed, partly buried. 
b-naig', thread. 

b-nairj' a'raig, chalk line. 

b-nar', true, right, just, good. 
*-b-nar'->ya, truly, verily. 
b-nar'kan, to confirm, autho- 

lise, approve, justify. 
li-b-na ran , accuracy, truth, 
verification, righteousness. 

b-na'ra, a washerman ; usually 

b-na'sa, ruin; see binasa. 

b-na targ, animal; see binatanj. 

bn-cha'na (Sk.), trouble, injury, 

bn'chi, miH-bn'chi, to hate. 

bn'da, a thing, an article or ob- 
ject, especially valuables. 
In 1 )-' la bn'ilii, property, especial- 
ly household property. 
nta'ta bn'da, jewellery. 



bn-da-ha'ra (Sk.), the title of 
the highest official in a Malay 
State, originally meaning 
per-bn-da-ha'ra'an, treasury. 

bn-da-ha'ri (Sk.), treasury of- 

bn'darg. fields (either irrigated 
or dry). Cf. hiima, lada-rg 
and saii-ali. 

bn-de'ra (Port.), flag. 
ti-arg' bn-de'ra, flagstaff. 

bn'dul, the beams on which the 
walls of a native house rest. 
bn'dul piritu, threshold. 

b-neh', seed, grain. 
Big-ga'la, Bengal. 
Brg-ga'li, a Bengalee. 
b-igis', cruel; cruelty. 
big'kak, a swelling; swollen. 
big.ka'roig, a kind of lizard. 

big'ku-aig, the screw-pine, from 
the leaves of which kajangs 
are made, see kajarg; also 

b'ni or ba'ni (Ar.), sons. 

b'ni Is'ra'el, the children of J 

bn-ia'ga (Sk.), trade, commerce; 
to trade: also mniaga and 

bn'taitf, mm-bn'farc/, to spread 
out, lay out (as a mat or 
cloth). Cf. ham par. 

bn-ta'igor, the name of several 
timber trees. 

bn'tar, in its derivative: 

s-bn'tar, a moment, an instant. 

bn-ta'ra (Sk.), herald, an officer 

of court. 
bn'tok, curved; numeral coef- 

ficient of rings, fishhooks,, 
b-nu'a, a large region or country,. 

o'raig b-nu'a, aborigines. 

bo'chor, leaky. 

nt n' lut bo'chor, tell-tale, blab.. 

bo'doh, foolish, stupid. Of- 

k-bo'do-han, stupidity. 

boek (B.) (Chin.), stocking. 
bo'hoig, false, untrue; a lie or 

falsehood. Cf. dusta. 
pm-bo'horg, a liar. 

bo'kor, a metal basin. 

bo'la (Port.), a ball, billiards,. 

bo'leh, able, can, may, could.. 

might. See oleh. 
bo'lu (Port.), sponge cake; also- 

buah hulu. 

bom' (Eng. and D.). a boonu 
the pole or shafts of a car- 

bom'ba (Port.), pump, fire-en- 
gine, syringe. 

bo'mo or bo'mor, a native doc- 
tor. Cf. dukun and doktor.. 

bon da, mother (polite style) : a 
contraction from i-bu-n'da. 

bons'kar, mm-borg'kar, to pull 1 

up (as an anchor). 
boig'kar sa'iih, to weigh anchor.. 
boig'kok, hunchbacked, bent (as-- 
an old man). 

boig'su, youngest child, la>l 
born ; also anak borgsu. 

bo'peqf, pockmarked. 
bor' (D.). auger, drill. 

bo'rong;, wliolesale, outright, en' 




bo'ros, extravagant, prodigal. 
bo'ta (Sk.), a goblin, demon. 

bo'tak, bald, premature or un- 
natural baldness owing to 
disease. Cf. gondol. 

bo 'to I (Eur.), bottle. 
bo'ya (Port.), a buoy. 
b-ra'hi, sexual passion. 

B-rah'ma, the Hindu god Brah- 

ma; usually berma. 
B-rah'man (Sk.), a Brahmin; 

usually berman. 

brai, see chrai-brai. 
b-ran'dah (Port.), verandah. 
b-ra'igan, arsenic. 

b-ra'igan, chestnut. 
b-ra'tyan ba'bi, oak. 

b-ra'ni, brave, daring, coura- 
geous; to dare tp, have the 
courage to. 

ba'tu b-ra'ni, loadstone. 

b-si' b-ra'ni, magnet. 

b-ra'ni-kan di'ri, to make bold, 
encourage oneself. 

b-ra'pa, how much? how many? 

also used as a contraction for 

bbrapa; see apa. 
b-ra'pa ba'njak, how many. 
b-ra'pa her'ga, how much 

(price) ? 

b-ra'pa Tca'li, how often. 
b-ra'pa la' ma, how long. 
b-ra'pa pu'loh, how many tens. 
s-b-ra'pa, as much as, as many 


b-ras', husked rice. Cf. padi and 

b-ras' ber'teh, rice roasted in 

the husk. 
b-ras' ku'tyit, rice stained with 

b-ras' pu'luf, glutinous rice. 

b-rat', heavy, difficult, important; 

weight (36, Xote). 
b-rat'kan di a'tas o'rarg, to lay 
the responsibility on a per- 

b-ri', mm-b-ri', -kan (78, 149), 
to give, grant, concede, al- 
low, permit. 

b-ri' ha'ti, to encourage. 

b-ri' i'rgaf, to remind, caution. 

b-ri' i-sha'rat, to make a sign. 

b-ri' i'zin, to give permission or 

b-ri' ja'wab, to answer. 

b-ri' ma' kan, to feed. 

b-ri' ma'sok, to let in. 

b-ri'- pin' jam, to lend. 

b-ri' sak'si, to witness, testify. 

b-ri' sa-lam', to salute. 

b-ri' ia'liu, to inform, tell. 

b-ri' ta'kot, to frighten. 

pm-b-ri'an, a gift, present. 

b-ri'igin, the waringin tree. 

b-rin'jal (Port.), the egg-plant 
= iron/, q. v. 

b-ri'ta, news, information = 

b-rok', an ape, often trained 
to gather coconuts. 

b-ro'ti, a lath. 
b-ru'an?, a bear. 

b-ru'ga, a'yam b-ru'ga, jungle 

B-ru'nai, a State in N. Borneo, 
whence the whole island is 
so named. 

b-rus' (Eng.), brush. 

b-sar', big, large; size (36, 


lia'ri b-sar' , festival, holiday. 
ha'ti b-sar', proud. 
o'raiy b-sar', chief, headman. 
fu'on b-sar', the senior in office. 



b-sar'kan, to enlarge, exalt, 


k-b-sa'ran, grandeur, greatness. 
pa'kai-an k-b-sa'ran, uniform. 

b-ser'ta, together with ; see serta. 

b-si', iron. 

b-si' ba'ja, steel. 
b-si' b-ra'ni, magnet. 
b-si' ku'da, a horseshoe. 
fia'tu b-si', granite. 
ta'lii b-si', rust. 
tu'kary b-si', blacksmith. 

bs-ta'ri (Sk.), polite, accom- 
plished, well-bred. 

b-ta'pa, how; see apa. 

b-ta'ra (Sk.), a title given to 

Hindu gods. 

b-ti'na (87), female (of ani- 

b-tiig', sandbank. Cf. tbiry. 
b-tis', the lower leg. 

bu'ah b-tis f and jan'tory ~b-tis', 

the calf of the leg. 
b-tul', correct, true, accurate, 
straight, erect, real, genuine. 
Cf. lurus. 

lia'ti b-tul' (B.), sincere, hon- 
b-tul'kan, to straighten, repair. 

bu'ah, fruit; numeral coefficient 
of houses, ships, towns, etc. 
(83, 84). 

bu'ah b-tis', the calf of the leg. 
bu'ah cha'tur, chessmen. 
bu'ah lia'ti-lcu, my treasure, a 

term of endearment. 
bu'ah hu'lii, see bolu. 
bu'ah pa'la, nutmeg. 
bu'ah piry'gary, the kidneys. 
bu'ah p-lir',ihe testes. 
bu'ah tim-ba'ryan, weights. 
a'nak bu'ah, the dependents of 
a Malay chief. 
ber-bu'ah, to bear fruit. 

buah-bu'a-han (130), fruits. 

bu'ai, to rock, swing (as a cra- 
dle). Cf. ayun. 
bit-ai'an, a cradle, hammock. 

bu-arg', mm-bu-ary', -kan, to 
throw away, get rid of, 

bu-ary' arichak, to put out of- 
ferings to the spirits; see 

bu-ary' a'yer, and bu-aiy' a'yer 
b-sar', to ease oneself. 

bu-ary' a'yer da' rah, dysentery. 

bu-aty' a'yer k-chil', to urinate 

bu-arg' bi'ni, to put away one's 

bu-ary' i'ryus, to blow one's 

bu-ary' un'di, to cast lots. 

bu-arg' wary', to waste money. 

sa'kit bu-aiy '-bu-ary' a'yer, diar- 

bu'as, wild, fierce, ferocious (of 
animals). Cf. liar. 

bu'at, ber-bu'at (116), mm-bu'at 

(100), to do, make, cause. 
bu-at-bu'at, to pretend. 
bu'at re'tyan, frivolous. 
bu'a-tan, manufacture. 
bu'a-tan Ai-ro'pa, European 

per-bu'a-tan, deed, act, action. 

bu-a'ya, crocodile. 

bu'boh, mm-bu'boh, to put, place, 
lay. Cf. Itak and taroh. 

bu'bok, wood-maggots, weevils. 

bu'bol, mm-bu'bol, to make or 
mend nets. 

buboig, see burnbory. 
bu'bor, gruel, broth. 
bu'bu, a fish-trap of rattan. 
bu'dak, child, boy or girl. 



bu'di (Sk.). wisdom, prudence. 
bu'di bi-cha'ra, wise discretion. 
bu'di b-ha'sa, tact and polite- 

'a' kal bu'di, intelligence. 
ber-lni'di, wise, prudent. 

bu-di'man (Sk.), wise. 
bu'eh, foam, scum, froth. 

Bu'gis, A Malayan race inhabit- 
ing the island of Celebes. 

bu'jarg, unmarried, single, a ba- 
chelor or widower. Of. jan- 

bu'jok, 1'nm-bii'jok, to coax, en- 
tice, persuade: also pujok. 

bu'jor, lengthwise, the long: way, 
as opposed to lintairj, trans- 

buk, see buku. 

bu'ka, mm-bu'ka, to open, un- 

bu'kn ja'lan, to lay out a road. 

bu'kn ka'in, to take off clothes. 

bu'ka k-dai', to set up a shop. 

bu'ka la'yer, unfurl sails. 

bu'ka pu-a'sa, to break off or 
cease fasting. 

bu'ka rah'si-a, to reveal a se- 

bu'ka to' pi, to raise or take off 
one's hat. 

ter-bu'ka (110), opened. 

bu'kan (69, 70), not, is not. are 


bu-kan -bu'ka n, non-existent, of 
no account. 

bu'kit, a hill. Cf. chargkat. 

ka'ki bu'kit, the foot of a hill. 

o'raiy bu'kit, wild tribes. 
bu'ku, joints (as of the fingers), 
knots in wood, lumps. 

bu'ku (Eng.), a book. Also 

bu'lan, the moon; a month. 
bu'lan da'targ and bu'lan d- 

pan', next month. 
bu'lan d-liu'lu, and bu'lan la'lu, 

last month. 
bu'lan g-lap', when the moon is 


bu'lan per-na'ma, full moon. 
bu'lan tim'bul, new moon. 
bu'lan t-raig' ' , moonlight. 

bu'lan?, mm-bu'laig, to wrap or 
wind anything round with 
cloth. Cf. bbat and balut. 

bu'lat, round, spherical, cylindri- 

bu-lat-bu'lat, entirely. 
d'tyan s-bu-lat-bu'lat ha'ti, with 

the whole heart. 
bu-li-bu'li, a small, long-necked 

bottle. Cf. balary. 
bu'loh, bamboo, of many kinds. 

Cf. aur and bambu. 
bu'loh ba'rgsi, the Malay flute. 
bu'loh p-rin'du, a?olian pipe. 

bu'lu, feathers, down, wool, hair 
of the body. Cf. rambut and 

bu'lu k-nitr/', eyebrows. 

bu'lu lan'ilak, the quills on a 
porcupine ; when removed 
from the animal they are 
called du'ri I an' dak. 

bu'lu nia'ia, eyelashes. 

biClu ro'ma, hairs on the hu- 
man body. 

bu'lu tnfkok, the mane (of a 

la'yer bu'lu a'yam, the Malay 
latteen sail. 

u'lat bu'lu, hairy caterpillar. 

bum'borg, the ridge of a roof, 
a roof: usually bum-bo'rgan, 
sometimes bubory and bu- 
tu'laiy bum'borg, ridge pole. 



bu'mi (Sk.), the earth, the 

bun'dar, round; a ring or circle 
drawn with a pen. 

bu'rga, flower; also ornamental 


bu'rga a' pi, sparks, fireworks. 
bu'rya chrg'Jceh, cloves. 
bu'nga Tca'rarg, sponge; also 

lumut kararg. 
bu'rga pa'la, mace. 
bu'rga warg', interest on money. 

bu'igar, in the phrase: 

bu'ali bu'rga-ran, first-fruits. 

buig'kus, a parcel, bundle. 
burg'kus-lcan, to wrap up. 

bu'noh, mm-bu'noli, to kill, mur- 


pm-bu'noli, murderer. 
per-bu'no-Jian (124), place of 


pm-bu'no-han (124), murder. 
bun'tiig, pregnant. Cf. hamil. 

bun tut, the posterior, the but- 
tocks, the end, the tail, the 
last. Cf. pantat and purg- 

bu'iyi, sound, noise. 

bu'ryi su'rat, the contents of a 

ber-bu'ryi, to sound, make a 

bn-nji-bu'nji-an, music. 

bu ri-tan, stern of a ship. 

bu'rok (163), rotten, worn out, 
decayed, bad (of vegetable 
substances and manufac- 
tured articles). Cf. liaus. 

bu'roig, bird. 

bu'rorg lian'tu, owl. 
bu'roty on'ta, ostrich. 

bu'ru, mm-bu'ru, to hunt, chase. 
pm-bu'ru, hunter. 

lian'tu pm-bu'ru, " the spectre 

bu'rut, hernia, rupture. 

bu'sar, a bow, an arc of a circle, 
an instrument for cleaning 
raw cotton. Cf. pariah, 

bu'sok (163), putrid, rotten, d&r 
composed, bad smelling, foul. 
ban bu'sok, a bad smelL 
na'ma bu'solf, a bad reputation. 

bu'sut, ant-hill. 

bu'ta, blind. 

buia-tu'li, blind and deaf, 
hence used of doing things 
blindly or recklessly. 

bu'ta (Sk.), an evil spirit, de>- 
mon; also bota. 

bu'taig (Eng.), button. 

bu'tir, a grain, small particle; 
numeral coefficient of gems 
(83, 84). 

bu'yoig, a water jar, smaller 
than tmpayan, q. v. 


cha'bai (Sk.), the chili, capsi- 
cum; also lada China. 

cha'baig, main branch of a tree, 
bifurcation ; forked. Cf . 
dalwn and chararg. 

cha'bok (Pers.), a whip. 

cha'bol, licentious ; outrageous 

cha'bot, mn-cha'bot (146), to 
puli out, pull up, uproot, ex- 
tract, draw a weapon (cf. 
Inn us)', in Perak chabot 
means also the royalty on 
tin. Cf. bantun. 

cha'chak, to thrust into the 
ground (as a pole). 



cha char, small pox. 

cha'char a'yer, chicken pox. 
ta'ixun cha'char, to vaccinate. 

cha'chat, blemish, spot, stain, 

defect. Cf. clila. 
cha'chiig, a wonn= (B.) tachirg. 

chah'ya (Sk.), light, luminosity. 

Cf. sinar. 

ber-chah'ya, luminous; to 

cha"ir, thin (of fluids), liquid; 
as opposed to pleat, thick, 

cha'kap, ber-cha'kap, to speak; 
(sometimes) to profess one's 
ability to do a thing, be cap- 
able of. Cf. tutor. 
per-cha'ka-pan, speech, oration, 

cha'kar, to scratch (as a bird). 

cham', cli am' ban, to recognize, 
observe, take note of. 

cham pak, mn-cham'pak, -kan, 
to throw, throw down, throw 
away. Cf. bnaiy and limpas. 

champiig, see chompaiy. 

cham'pur, mn-cham'pur, -kan 

(149), to mix, mingle. 
chain' pur ba'ur, in confusion. 

chamti, see climti. 
cha'nai, to polish (metals). 
cha'narg, a gong. 

<han'du, opium prepared for 
smoking. Cf. apiun and 

charg'gong;, awkward, incon- 
gruous. Cf. jaiggaL 

<hatg'kat, a low hill; cf. buJcit. 
chang'ke (B.), tea cup. 

<chaqg:'kol, a large hoe used for 

chaig'kok, mn-cliaiy'lcolc, to 

graft. Cf. tut. 
chan'tek, pretty. 

chap', a seal, stamp; to print; 

also chapkan and chitak. 
chap' ba'tu, lithography. 
tu'kaiy chap', printer. 

cha'pai, mn-cha'pai, to seize, 
take hold of. 

cha'pe (Jav.), weary; usually 

cha'pek, halting, limping. Cf. 
tempaiy and pencharg. 

cha'ra (Sk.), manner, style, cus- 
cha'ra Chi'na, in Chinese stylo. 

cha'rarg, a small branch, twig. 
Cf. cJtabaig and dalian. 

cha'rek, mn-cha'rek, -kan, to 
tear, rend. Cf. koyak. 

cha'ri, mn-cha'ri (Sk.) (14G). 

to seek, look for. 
cha'ri 'a'kal, to devise means. 
cha'ri ma' kan, to get a living. 
pn-cha'ri-an, livelihood. 

cha'rut, wn-clia'rut, to use ob- 
scene language. 

chat' (Chin.), paint. 
tu'kary chat', painter. 

cha'tur (Sk.), the game of chess j 
also main gajah, q.v. The 
pieces used are called raja, 
mntri, gajaU, kuda, tir, and 

bu'ali cha'tur, chessmen. 

pa' pan cha'tur, chess board. 

cha'wan (Chin.), cup, bowl. Cf. 

margkok and piala. 
cha'waig, a branch = chabarg. 
cha'wat, loin-cloth. 
cha'yir, see cha'ir. 
ch-bis', a fragment, small piece. 



chd'ra (Sk.), opposition, defect; 

the* = tndta', q.v. 

che'bok, a piece of coco-nut 
shell, used for ladling water. 
Cf. gayorg. 

checher, see chichir. 

che'dok, mn-clie'dok, to ladle. 

cheh', psha\v ; exclamation of dis- 
gust or scorn. 

cherg'si (B.) (Chin.), kitchen 

che'pir, a metal tray or saucer. 

cher'cha, mn-cker'clia, to abuse, 
insult. Cf. mal'i. 

cher'dek, cunning, shrewd, clev- 
er, sharp. 

che'rek, a kettle. 
cheret, see cliirit. 
cherewet, see chrewet. 
cherita, see clirita. 
cher'mat, careful, frugal, econo- 

cher'min, mirror, looking glass, 
pane of glass. Cf. leaclia. 

cher'min ma'ta, spectacles. 

cher'min mu'ka, looking glass. 
cher'p-lai (Tarn.), mongoose. 

cher'pu (Tarn.), sandals. Cf. 
tram pah. 

cher't-ra, cher't-ra-kan (Sk. cha- 
ritra), a narrative, tale; to 
narrate; also clitra and ch- 

che'tek, shallow. Cf. toltor. 

chi'chak, the common house 

lizard. Cf. tkel: 
chi'chir, to spill, drop out in 

small quantities, dribble. 

Cf. clinch or. 

chi'chit, great-grandchild. 
chi-ke'weh (B.) (Chin.), family, 

chim'che n (B.) (Chin.), the op;-n 
court in a Chinese house. 

Chi'na, China, Chinese. 

la' da Chi'na, the chili, red pep- 

chin'charg, to chop up, mince. 

chin'chin, a ring. 

chin'chu (Chin.), a supercargo. 

chin'ta (Sk.), sadness, solicitude,, 
heartache, love. 

ber-c.hin'ta-kan, to mourn for. 

per-clnn'ia'an, mourning, sor- 

chi'rit, diarrhoea; usually buarg- 

buarg ai/er. 

chi'rit da' rah, dysentery. 
chi'rit lin'targ, meteor. 

chi'ta (Sk.), feelings, sensation-. 


du-ka-chi'ia, sorrow. 
su-l-ci-chi'ta, joy. 

chi'ta (Hind.), print, printed 

calico, chintz. 
chi'tak, to print: usually chap. 

chi-um', mn-chi-um', to smelU 

ch-kar' (Hind.), haixl over (of a 
helm or rudder). 

ch-kek', to throttle, strangle. 
chkeweh, see chikcweh. 
ch-ki' (Chin.). Chinese card:*. 

ch-kra-wa'la (Sk.), the firma- 

ch-la', mn-ch-la' . -knn. defect,, 
fault, flaw; to blame, cen- 
sure. Cf. chachat. 

ch-lah', crack, crevice, fissure. 

ch-la'ka, misfortune, calamity,, 
unlucky; an imprecation. 


ch-la'na, trowsers: usually sluar. 

ch-lek', open (of the eyes). 
ch-lek' kan ma'ta, to open the 

ch-lop', mn-cli-lop' , to dip into, 
soak, steep, dye. 

ch-lor', to scald, immerse in hot 

water or oil. 

ch-lor' a'yam, to dip a fowl in 
hot water before plucking it. 

ch-mar', dirty. Cf. kotor and 

chm'bul, a small box. 

chm-bu'ru, jealousy. 
c/i >n-btt'ru-an, jealous. 

ch-mer'laig, glittering. 

chm-pa'ka (Sk.). a tree with 
sweet-scented flowers. 

chm'p-dak, a fruit similar to 
the jack-fruit, but smaller. 

ch'm-.ti (Tarn.), a whip. Cf. 

chncharg, see chin chary. 
chn-chu'rut, the musk rat. 
chn-da'na (Sk.), sandalwood. 
chn-da'wan, mushroom, fungus. 

ch-rgan?' and ier-ch-rgarg' , amaz- 
ed, astonished. 
chig-ka'dok, grasshopper. 
chi^'keh, the clove tree. 
bu'irja chrg'keh, cloves. 

chrg'kon?, sunken (of the eyes). 
chig'k-ram, earnest money. 
chig'k-rek, a ciicket. 

cho'ba, mn-cho'ba, to try, at- 
tempt; also used in giving 
orders in the same way ;i> 
the English word " plea- 

cho'ba i, to tempt. 

pji-cho'ba'aH, temptation. 

cho'ki or chu'ki, the Malay game 
of draughts; also dam, q.v. 

cho'kin (Chin.), bathing cloth.. 
Cf. basahan. 

chok'mar, a battle axe or club. 

chom'paig, in the phrase: 
choni pa rg-ch a mpiry, ragged. 

chon'd-roig and chon'dongt- 

slanting, out of the perpen- 
dicular. Cf. meriig, serget 
and serorg. 

chon'dorg ma-ia-lia'ri, when the 
sun is low. 

chotg'kak, pride; proud. Cf- 

chorg'kak, cowrie shells; also a 
game played with shells on 
a board containing 18 holes. 

choig'po (Chin.), a cook. 
chon'toh, pattern, sample. 
chon'teig, to smear, daub. 

cho'rak, the colour or pattern of 
a print or sarorg. 

cho'reig, streaked, striped, stain- 

cho'ron?, a pipe, lamp chimney. 

ch-pat', quick, quickly. Cf. ba- 
rgat, clras, Ikas, laju. 

ch-pi'au (Port.), a hat, cap. Cf. 
to/>i and soiykok. 

ch-rai', ber-clt-rai' (149), to part 

from, separate from. 
ch -ra i'-b-ra i', scattered. 
ber-ch-rai' d'igan bi'ni, di- 
ch-rai'kan, to separate, detach. 

ch-re'wet, importunate. 

ch-ri'ta (Sk.), a tale, story. Cf. 

ch-rok', corner of a room, 
hidden place. 


ch-ru'tu (Tarn.), cigar. 
chtra ='chrita and chertra. 
cht'ri (Hind.), an awning. 

chu-a'cha, clear sk} r , fine weath- 

chu hit, to pinch. 

chu'chi, to clean. Cf. suchi. 

chu'choh, to kindle, set fire to. 

chu'chok, to stab, pierce, poke, 
push in, push through. Cf. 

chu'chok a' tap, to stitch ataps 
with rattan. 

chu'chok sarg'gol, hairpin. 

chu'chor, to flow, trickle (as 
water, tears, etc.). 

chu'chu, grandchild. 

a'tiak chu'chu, descendants. 
chu'ka (Sk.), vinegar. 
chu'kai, tax. 

chu'kai k-pa'la, poll tax. 

chu'kai pin'tu, house assess- 

<huki, see choki. 

chu'kop, enough, sufficient, com- 

plete. Cf. pada. 
chu'kor, to shave. 

tu'kaiy chu'kor, a harher. 

pi' sau chu'kor, a razor. 

chu'la (Sk.), the horn of the 
rhinoceros and of some fabu- 
lous animals. 

chu'ma, only. Cf. salmja and 


per-chu'ma and chu-ma-chu'- 
ma, in vain, to no purpose, 
for nothing, gratis. Cf. 

il, to pick with a pointed 
rhtutf'kil gi'gi, tooth-pick, 

chu'pak, a measure of capacity. 

chu'rah, nin-diu'rah, to pour out, 
spill. Cf. turn pah and 

chu'ram, steep, precipitous, slop- 
ing (as the side of a hill). 

chu'ri, mn-cliu'ri, to steal. 

chu-ri-chu'ri, secretly, stealth- 
pn-chu'ri, a thief. 

chu'ti (Hind.), leave of absence. 


da'chiig, a steelyard. 

ba'tu da'chitg, the weight of a 

da da, the breast, the chest. 
tarn' par da' da, to beat the 

da'deh (Sk.), curdled milk. 
a'yer da' deli, whey. 

da'du (Port.), dice, 
da'erah, see da'irah. 

daf'tar (Pers.), a list, inventory, 
register, index, table of con- 

da'gaig, foreign; a foreigner; 

also o'rarg da'garg. 
da-ga'iyan, merchandise. 

da'ging, the flesh of living bodies 
or fruits, also dead meat. 

(la'qiiy ba'bi, pork. 

(la'f/ity da' rah, blood relation- 

da'giif/ kam'birg or da'yiry &- 
ri-bi'ri, mutton. 

ila'giry 1m' bit, beef. 

da'gu, the chin. 
dahaga, see dhaga. 
da'hak, phlegm. 
da ham, see dham. 



da'han, the smaller branches of 
a tree. Cf. chabatg, chararg, 
rantiirj, and chatcaig. 

da' hi, the forehead. 

dah'shat (Ar.), terrified; terri- 
ble; terror. 
b-ri' dah'shat, to cause terror. 

da"in?, dried fish; also ikan krirg. 

da' i rah (Ar. circuit), district, 
neighbourhood. Cf. jajdhan. 

da'kap, ber-da'kap and mn-da'- 
kap, to embrace. Cf. plok. 

da'ki, dirt on the skin. 

da'ki, usually in the form mn- 
<lfi'ki, to ascend, climb (a 


dak-si'na (Sk.), south; usually 

da'ku, phonetic form of aku, 
when following words ending 
in n. 

da' lam (27), in, inside; while, 
whilst, during. 

da'lain an-ta'ra i'tu, in the 

da'lam ber-ka-ta-ka'ta, while 

ba'ju da'lam, vest, undercloth- 

<!<' ri (hi'lani, from within. 

</(' da'lam, in, inside. 

k-da'lam, into. 

iiin'sok k-da'lam, to go in; to 
go into a king's palace 
(court language). 

o'ratg da'lam, royal household. 

da lam (36, Xote), deep; depth. 

da'leh, excuse. 

ber-da-leh-da'leh, to make ex- 

da-li'ma (Sk.), the pomegranate. 
da-lu-da'lu, willow. 

dam' (D.), the game of draughts. 
Cf. choki. 

da'mai, peace, concord. Cf. sjah- 

tra and sntausa. 
ber-da'mai, at peace. 
da'mai-kan and ber-da'mai-kan t 

to pacify, reconcile. 
pe r-da' m ai-an, reconcil iation, 

atonement (X.); 

da mar, resin: hence a torch. 
da' mar ba'tu, common resin. 
da' mar la'ui, a timber tree. 
da'mar ma'ta ku'chirg, a fine 
kind of resin. 

damdam, see dmdam. 
dam'par, ter-dam'par, aground, 

stranded. Cf. kandas. 
dam 'pin?, ber-dam'pirg, near by, 

close to. 

dan, and. Cf. pun. 
da'nau, a small lake. Cf. tasek. 

da'pat, mn-da'pat (45, 55), to 
find, obtain, get, be able. 

ta'da'pat ti-a'da, it cannot but 
be, it must. 

da'pa-ti, to find, obtain, get. 

da'pat-kan, to come up to or 
reach a person, meet. 

pn-da' pa-tan , earnings. 

da'pur, cooking place, kitchen, 
stove, oven. 

dar' (Ar.), abode, dwelling; only 

used in such phrases as: 
da'ru 's-sa-lam' , the abode of 

da'ra (Sk.), usually a'nak da'ra, 
a virgin. 

da'rah, blood. 

dii'rit da'rah, dysentery. 
ta-lian' da'rah, to stop bleeding, 

-t;i rich. 

1 in' pat turn' pali da'rah, birth- 



da'girg da'rah, blood relation- 

ma'bok da'rah, faint through 
loss of blood. 

bu-arg' a'yer da' rah, dysentery. 

da'rat, dry land, land as opposed 

to water. 
bcr-ja'lan da'rat, to go by land 

or inland. 
na'ik k-da'rat, or tn'run da'rat, 

to land, disembark. 
mn-da'rat, to go inland. 

dar'jat (Ar.), rank. 
darji, see derji. 

da'taig (62), to come. Cf. mari 

and sampai. 

bu'lan da'targ, next month. 
yarg a'kan da'targ, future. 
ber-da'targ sm'bali, to come and 

address a superior. 
da'ta-rgi, to attack. 
da'targ-kan, to bring to pass, 

bring about, cause. 
k-da'ta-rgan, arrival, coming; 

attacked (by sickness, etc.). 

da'tar, flat, level ; usually rata. 

da'tok or da'to', grandfather; 
a title of Malay chiefs. This 
word is used by Chinese to 
denote their gods = Chinese 
da'tok ne'nek, ancestors. 

dau'lat (Ar.), power, state, ma- 
jesty ; hail ! 
dau'lat tu'an-ku, your majesty. 

da'un, a leaf, blade of grass. 
da'un ka'yu, the leaf of a tree. 
da'un teli' , tea-leaves. 
da'un t-li'rga, the lobe of the 

d'a'wa (Ar.), a prosecution, Inw- 

Ti-'na d'a'wa, to be prosecuted. 

mn-d'a'u'a and d'a'wa-kan, to 

da'wai, wire. Cf. kawat. 

da'wat (Ar.), ink. Cf. tinta. 
tm'pat da'tvat, inkpot. 

da'ya (Sk.), means, resource. 

plan ; also in a bad sense,. 

trick, stratagem. 
ti'pu da'ya, trickery, deceit. 
da' i/a u-pa'ya, resources, mr;m> 

of doing things. 
per-da'ya-kan, to deceive, dupe.. 


da'ya, in its derivatives: 
la' rat da'ya, southwest. 
s-la'taii da'ya, south-southwest. 

Da'yak, the inhabitants of the 
interior of Borneo. 

da'yaig, a girl, a maid-servant 
at court : used as a form of 
address in speaking to a girl. 

da'yoig, an oar. 

a'nah da'i/oiy, oarsman, rower^ 
ber-da'i/org, to row. use an oar. 

d'bar, ber-d'bar. to palpitate, 

beat (of the heart). 
d-dak', l)ran (of rice). 
d-bu', dust ; see Ibu and 
dekar, see dikar. 
den'derv:, dried meat. 

de'ret, a row, series. Cf. 
ber-de'rct, in a row. 

der-ha'ka (Sk.), rebellion, trea- 
son : to rebel : also muder- 

der-ham' (Ar. dirl-ain}. a small 
silver coin. 

de'ri or da'ri (27), from (usual- 
ly of places). 

dc'rl n'/tis. from above, above- 
df'ri Jin' 'trail, from below. 
dc'ri da'ldiii, from within. 


dc'ri-lidi' , al)out, concerning. 
'If'ri In'ar, from outside. 
df/ii ma'na, whence? 
dc'ri-jM'da, from (of persons), 
on account of (150), owing 
to (140), than (89, 90); 
li.i'ik ilr'i i-pa'da or I'bch ba'ik 
dc'ri-pa'da, better than. 
</'''// xa'na, thence. 
df' n x-hab' , on account of. 
de'ri si'tii, thence. 
der'ji (Hind.), Indian tailor. 
der'ma (Sk.), almsgiving, alms; 

usually sdkah. 
der-ma'wan (Sk.), charitable, 

de'sa (Sk.), a district, territory, 

de'wa and de-wa'ta (Sk.), the 

gods of Hindu mythology. 
de'wan (Pers.), hall of justice, 

law court. 
de-wa'sa (Sk.), time, period; 

usually zman or iasa. 
de'wi (Sk.), goddess; fern, of 


d-gil', obstinate. 
d-ha'ga, thirst. 

bcr-d-ha'ga, thirsty. 
d-ham', a slight cough, made to 
attract attention or to clear 
the throat. 

ber-d-ham', to cough as de- 
scribed above. 
dhat' or zat (Ar.), substance, 

zat' Al'lali or dha-tu TJah, the 

divine essence or nature. 
dho'bi, washerman; see dobi; 

also bnara. 

d-hu'lu, previous, former; be- 
fore (adv.] ; see hulu. 
d-lni'la kn'la, formerly, in 
olden times. - 

d-h u'hi de'ri-pa'da, before 

n < in' ti d -/in 'I it, wait a moment. 

sa'bar d-hu'lu, please be patient. 

z'ntan d-hu'lu, olden times. 

d-lm'hi-i, to precede, go before. 

d-hu'lu-kan, to prefer, put first. 
di- (105), a particle prefixed to 

verbs to form the passive. 
di (26, 27), at, in. 
di'a (6, 9, 13, 15), he, she, it, 
they, him, her, them ; also to. 

di'a o'rarg, they (colloquial, not 
found in Malay writings). 

di'a pn'tya, his, hers, theirs. 
di-am', ber-di-am' f silent, quiet; 
to be silent, be quiet, dwell, 
live. Cf. titqgal and dudoTc. 

di-am -di-a m' , quietly, secretly. 

ber-di-am' di'ri,to keep silence. 

di-a' mi, to inhabit. 

di-am' lean, to silence, put to 
silence; to permit. 

Tf-di-a'man, habitation, dwell- 
ing place. 

di'an, a candle. Cf. Ulin. 
ka'Tci di'an, a candlestick. 
di'ai^, mn-di'arg, to toast, warm 
at an open fire. Cf. parrj- 

ljci--di'anj and ber-di'arg di'ri, 
to warm oneself at a fire. 

di'dal (Port), thimble; also 

di'deh, mn-di'deh, to boil, bubble. 
a'yer di'deh, the water in which 
rice has been boiled = (B.) 
ai/er am. 

di'kar, mn-di'l-ar, to fence (with 
I.-ris or sword) ; also dekar. 

di kau, thee, phonetic form of 
aiylcau, chiefly used after 
words ending in n. 



dikit, see sdikit. 
di'na (Sk.), poor, unfortunate. 
hi'na di'na, the poor and lowly, 

the common people. 
di'nar (Ar.), a coin, usually of 

din'ditg, a partition, interior wall 

of a house. 

di'fgin, cold, cool. Cf. sjuk. 
di-ni-ha'ri, early dawn, twilight. 
diraja, see adiraja. 
dirham, see derham. 
di'ri (22-24), self, oneself; also 


ba'wa di'ri, to take oneself off. 
bef-di-am' di'ri, to keep silence. 
da'lam di'ri, inwardly, in one's 

min'ta di'ri, to excuse oneself, 

take leave. 

s'o'rarg di'ri, alone, by oneself. 
kn-di'ri, self. 
sn-di'ri, self. 

sa'ma sn-di'ri-rya, among them- 
ber-di'ri, standing erect; to 

di'ri-kan, to erect, construct, 


ber-di'ri-kan, to erect. 
di'rus, mn-di'rus, to sprinkle; 

also diris; usually perchek. 
d-kan , the bamboo rat. 
d-kat , close, near, nearly, al- 
most ; also d-kat' d'rgan, and 
d-kat' k-pa'da. Cf. Jiampir. 
d-ka'ti, to approach. 
d-kat'kan, to bring near. 
dla"if (Ar.), weak, feeble, in- 
firm; usually ImaJi. 
d-ta'ki (B.), male = tofci-tofc*. 
dlam'mah ( Ar. ), the vowel point 
corresponding to o and u; 
see baris. 

d-la'pan, eight; also pronounced 
lapau. (For derived forms- 
see am pat). 

d-li'ma, pomegranate; see dalirna* 
d-mam', fever. 

d-mam' gi'gil, ague. 

d-mam' k-pi-a'lu, continued! 

d-mam' ku'ra, intermittent fe- 
dm'dam, rancour, animosity; see- 

d'mi or da'mi, when, as, at ihe- 

time when; by (in oaths). 
dm'ki-an or d-mi-ki'an (143)- 
thus, in this manner, in that 

dm'ki-an i'ni, in this manner. 

dm'ki-an i'tu, in that manner^ 

dm'ki-an ju'ga (162 a), just ift 

that way. 
dn'da (Sk.), a fine, mulct. 

k'na dn'da, to. incur a fine, 
dn'dam, desires, longings; also- 
in a bad sense, a desire for 

ba'las dn'dam, to revenge one- 

m-na'roh dn'dam, to harbour 
revenge, bear malice; see- 

rin'du dn'dam, anxious long- 

d'r^an, with, together with, and, 
(91) as. 

d'rgan dm'ki-an, that being tlie- 

d'rgan hi'dop-nja, alive. 

d'rgan ka-dar'-nya, proportion- 

d'rgan na'ma Al'lah, in the- 
name of God. 

d'rgan p-ren'tah, by order. 

d'rgan s-lrg'kap-iya, fully equip- 
ped, complete. 



d'ryan s'o'rarg di'ri, alone. 
d'rgan ti-a'da, witliout. 
ber-ch-rai' d'ryan, to separate 

ser'ta d'rgan, together with. 

d rgar, m-n'rgar, (102f), to hear, 

d'rgar-kan, to listen to. 

k-d'tya-ran, it was heard (im- 

p-n'rga-ran, the sense of hear- 

drg ki, envy, malice. 

m-na'roh dry'ki, to bear malice. 
drg'kur, ber-dry'kur, to snore. 

d-igorg', ber-d-rgorg' ' , to buzz, 

d'rgu or du'rgu, stupid, dull-wit- 
ted ; usually bodoli. 

do"a (Ar.), prayer. 

ba'clia do" a, to read or repeat 


min'ta do" a, to pray. 
ber-do"a, to pray. 
do"a-kan, to pray for. 

do'bi (Hind, dhobi). a waslier- 
man, Cf. bnara. 

do'dol, a kind of sweetmeats. 

dok'tor (Eur.), a doctor, one 
who practises western medi- 
cine. Cf. bomo and dukun. 

dorn'ba (Pers.), a sheep. Cf. 

kambiiy and biri-biri. 
a'nak- dom'ba, a lamb. 
a'nah dom'ba Al'lali, the Lamb 

of God (X.). 
do'sa (Sk.)-, a crime, an offence; 


ber-do'sa, to commit an offence, 
be guilty of a crime or sin; 

dosin, see dusin. 
d'pa, a fathom. - 

d-pan', in front of; see liadap. 

d-ras', rapid, swift. Cf. laju^. 
pantas, Ikas and bargat. 

d-ri'ta, mn-d-ri'ta (Sk.), to with- 
stand, bear, endure. Cf_ 

ti-a'da ter-d-ri'ta, unendurable^ 

d-ru', mn-d-rii' , to roar (as the- 
noise of waves or voices). 

d-rum', mn-d-rum', to kneel (of 

elephants and camels). 
d-rum'kan, to cause to kneel. 

ds'tar (Pers.), turban, head- 

du'a, two. (For the usual de- 
rived forms see ampat). Cf.. 

pasary and ganda. 
du-a-du'a, both. 
du'a ka'li, twice. 
du'a la' pis, double (as cloth). 
du'a-ti'ga, two or three. 
ber-du'a and ber-du-a-du'a, in~ 


du'a-kan, to make two. 
pn-du'a, second, duplicate. 
du'dok, to sit down, sit, remain,. 

du'dok ber-si'la, to sit with legs 

crossed like a tailor. 
du'dok d'ryan, to be married to.. 
si'la du'dok, please be seated. 
du'do-ki, to sit on, inhabit. 
du'dok-kan, to seat (a person). 
k-dii'do-kan, seat, place of" 

du'ga, mn-du'ya, to find out the 

depth, sound, probe, fathom. 
ba'tu du'ga, sounding lead. Cf. 


'ta'li du'ga, lead-line. 
du'it (D.), a copper coin; in 

Singapore = J cent, in Pe- 

naig = 1 cent. 



du'ka (Sk.), grief, sorrow, sad- 

ness; also du-ka-chi'ta. 
ber-du'ka and ber-du-ka-chi'ta, 
to be sad, grieve. 

du korg, inn-du'koiy, to carry a 
person or a child, usually on 
the back or hip, sometimes in 
the arms. 

du'ku, the name of a fruit. 

du'kun, a native doctor, midwife. 
Cf. dokior, bidan and bomo. 

du larg, a salver or tray, usually 
of wood; smaller than the 

dulapan, see dlapan. 

du'li (Sk.), dust; a form of ad- 
dress to kings, as du'li b-gin'- 
da, du'li yaig di-per-tu'an, 
your or his majesty; see jun- 

dun'ia (Ar.), the inhabited 


Iter'ta dun'ia, worldly goods. 
i'si dun'ia, the inhabitants of 

the earth. 

naf'su dun'ia, worldly lusts. 
per-i' da-ran dun'ia, a cycle, pe- 

riod of time. 
dun'ia a'khi-rat, in this world 

and the next, for all time. 

du'igu, stupid; see drgu. 

du'pa (Sk.), incense. Cf. starggi. 

du'ri, a thorn, spine. 
du'ri Ian' dale, porcupines' quills. 

Cf. bulu landak. 
ber-du'ri, thorny. 
du'ri-an, the name of a fruit. 

the durian. 

du'sin (Eng. and D.), dozen; 
also lusin. 

dus'ta (Sk.), false, mendacious, 
untrue; (B.) jus'ta. 

sak'si dus'ta, a false witu 
du'sun, a village; the country as 
opposed to the town. 

eh'wal, see lineal. 
e'ja, to spell ; see lieja. 
e'jek, m-iye'jelc, to tease. * 

ekh'las (Ar.), sincerity; sincere; 
also ikhlas. 

ek-Ii si-a (Gr.), the church, the 
church universal (X.). Cf. 
perhimponan and (jreja. 

e'kor (84), tail; numerical coef- 
ficient of animals. 

c'kor ma'ta, the corner of the 

bin'taiy ber-c'Jcor, comet. 

e'la (Port), an ell, a yard. 
e'lak, m-rge'lak, to dodge, avoid 
a blow, evade an order. 

'elmu, see 'ilmu. 
e'lok, beautiful, handsome, pleas- 
ant, excellent. 
k'e'lo-kan, beauty, excellence. 

e'nak (Jav.), pleasant, nice, 
agreeable to the senses; 
usually sdap. 

eiggan, see 'ig-gan. 

erg's il (D.), hinges. 

e'rei^;, lateral, on the side. 
e're-njan rumali, the side of a 

bi'lek e're-trjan, a side room. 

E-ro'pah, Europe; also Airopah. 

erti, see arti. 

e'rut, twisted, crooked. 

e'sok, to-morrow; also besok. 
k'c'so-kan lia'ri-rya, the next 



fa ''a I or fi'MI (Ar.), act, deed, 
action, conduct, behaviour. 

fa-ham' (Ar.), understanding, 
knowledge : acquainted with ; 
often pronounced p-ham'. 

sa'lali fa-liam', misunderstood. 

m-fa-hatn', to be informed 
about, know, understand. 

fa'i'dah (Ar.), profit, advantage, 

benefit: also fa'edah. 
ber-fa'i'dah, useful, advanta- 

fa' jar (Ar.), dawn. Cf. dim- 
It an. 

fa'kat (Ar.), to confer; deliber- 
ate, agree; also muafakat, 
and pakat. 

s-fa'kat, in agreement, in collu- 
ber-fa'kat, to be in agreement. 

fa'kir (Ar.), a religious mendi- 
cant, beggar; poor. 

falsu, see pahu. 

ia'na (Ar.), mortal, perishable, 
transitory: as opposed to 
baka, imperishable. 

'Far'si (Ar.), a Persian; also 

fa sal (Ar.), chapter, section; 
about, concerning, with re- 
gard to. 
a' pa fa' sal, why? 

fa'sik (Ar.), immoral, depraved, 

fat hah (Ar.), the vowel point 

corresponding to a ; see bar is. 

fa'ti-hah' (Ar.), the first chapter 

of the Ivoran. 
f-dlu'li (Ar.), to trouble oneself, 

concern oneself, care about; 

usually pronounced p-du'li. 

f-dlu'li-kan, to care for, take 
trouble about. 

fer'dlu (Ar. apportioned), . .re- 
ligious duty; usually pro- 
nounced per'lu, q.v. 

feriiggi, see frirggi. 

fham, see faliam. 

fihak, see pihak. 

fi'il, see fa'al. 

fi'kir, ber-fi'kir (Ar.), to think, 

ponder, meditate. 
fi'kir-kan, to reflect upon. 
fi'ki-ran, thoughts, ideas, opin- 

fi-ra'sat (Ar.), the art of phy- 
siognomy; also 'il'mu fi-ra'- 

iir'daus (Ar.), Paradise, the 
Garden of Eden. 

tlr'man (Ar.), decree, command 

of God or of a sultan. 
b-fir'man, to decree, command, 
say (of God or a sultan). 

fit'nah (Ar.), calumny, slander. 
ft'nah-kan, to calumniate. 

f-ri'n?'gi (Ar.), European. 


ga'dai, pawn, mortgage. 

pa'jak ga'dai, pawnbroker's 

farm or monopoly. 
i'bus ga'dai, to redeem a 

pledge, take out of pawn. 
ga'dai-kan, to mortgage, pawn. 
ga'diig, elephant's tusk; ivory; 

also the ribs of a boat. 
ga'doh, disturbance, uproar, 

noise; also per-ga'do-han. 
ga'gah, strong, powerful; force, 

strength. Cf. kuat. 
ya'ga-hi, to compel, force. Cf. 


ga'gak, a crow, raven. 
ga'gap, to stammer, stutter. 

gah', fame, renown, glory; also 
mgah, q.v. 

ga-ha'ru or g-ha'ru, aloeswood. 
Cf. alwat. 

ga'jah (Sk.), an elephant. 
ber-ma'in ga'jah = ber-ma'in 
cha'tur, to play chess; see 
chat in: 

ga'ji (Eur.), wages, salary. Cf. 

11 pah . 

o'ranj ga'ji, a hired man, ser- 

ma'l-an ga'ji, to receive wages 
or a salary. 

ga-la-ga'la, pitch vised for caulk- 
ing boats. 

ga'lah, a long thin pole such as 
is used on native boats for 
poling or mooring them. 

ga'lak, fierce, savage. 

ga'lak-kan, to stir up (as flame 
or passion), excite. 

ga'laig, mrg-ga'larg, to prop up, 
shore up; also kalarg. 

ga'li, mrg-ga'li, to dig. 
prg-fia'li, spade; pick-axe. 
ga'li-an, a mine, also k-li'an. 

ga'mak, miy-ga'mak, to draw a 
dagger or sword partly out 
of the sheath, so as to threat- 
en an adversary. 

ga'mak, ga-mak-qa 'mak ; at a 
guess, approximately. 

gam'baqg;, a musical instrument. 

gam'bar, a picture, portrait, pic- 

toral representation. 
tu'lis gam'bar, to draw a pic- 

gam'bir, the name of a plant, 

ga'mis (Ar. qamis), shirt, vest. 

ga'm-lan (Jav.), a Javanese 

gam'paig (Jav.), easy: usually 

snary or mudah. 
a' naif gam'parg, illegitimate- 

ga'nas, fierce, ferocious, violent- 
gan'chu, a hook. 

gan'da, fold, in the expressions i 

s-pu'loh gan'da, ten- fold. 

s-ra'-tus gan'da, a hundred- 

s-ka'li gan'da, or gan'da, two- 

du'a l-a'li gan'da, twice as much 

ber-gali'da-gari'da, manifold. 

gan'dom (Pers.). wheat: ai?o 

ang;, ber-gaiy'gaig, to wann? 
oneself at a fire. Cf. diatrj. 
mrg-garg'garg, to warm or dry" 
over a fire. 

gaig'gu, impatient, importunate,, 
interfering, meddlesome; to- 
be in a hurry. 

gan'ja, the Indian hemp, from- 
which an intoxicating drug 
is made. 

gan'jal, a wedge or " liner " in- 
serted in frames or bearings- 
to tighten them up; the- 
spaces used with type to> 
separate the words. 

gan'jil, odd, uneven (of num- 
bers). Cf. gnap, even. 

gan'tang;, a measure of capacity 
(see end of Grammar). 

gan'ti, substitute, successor; in- 

place of, instead of. 
bcr-gan-ti-gan'ti, in turn, suc- 
cessively. Cf. gilii: 



gan'ti-kan, to succeed, take tlie 
place of a person. 

gan'ton?, ber-gan'toig, to hang, 

suspend; to rely upon. 
gan'torg-kan, to hang up. 

ga'iyut, hard, not mealy after 
cooking (of had potatoes). 

ga'ram. salt. 

tin' pat ga'ram, salt cellar. 
ga'ra-mi, to salt, cure. 

ga'raig, fierce, savage, furious. 
Cf. ganas. 

ga'rau, loud, deep, hoarse (of 


gar'fu (Port.), a fork. 
gar'ham, see gerliam. 

ga'ring, a basket slung on the 

ga'ris, a scratch, score, groove, 

incised mark = goris. 
miy-ga'ris, to score, make a 

ga'rok, mig-ga'rok, to scratch, 


ptg-ga'rok, scraper, rake, curry- 

ga'rut, a scratch. Cf. garis. 

ga'sak, mrg-ga'sak, to beat, 
strike with a stick. Cf. 

ga'siig, a child's top. 

ma' in ga'siry, to play tops. 

ga'tal, itchy, itching; the itch; 
also lascivious. 

ga'yoig, a ladle made out of a 
coco-nut shell. Cf. chebok, 
which has no handle. 

g-doig', storehouse, barn. Cf. 

ge'lek, mrg-ge'lek, to roll with a 
roller or rolling pin; to be 

run over by the wheels of a 
carriage. Cf. gilirg. 
ge'leig, mtg-ge'lerg, to shake the 

ger'baig, the gate of a fortress, 
town or castle; also pin'tu 

ger'baig, mrg-ger'barg, to let 
down the hair in disorder. 

ge'rek, mtg-ge'rek, to bore, drill. 

pig-ge'rek, a drill. 
ger-ga'ji (Sk.), saw. 

ger-ga'si, a fabulous race of 

ger'ham, a double tooth, molar; 

cf. gigi. 
tn'larg ger'ham , jaw bone. 

gerhana, see graliana. 

ger'sek, coarse sand, gravel. 
Also kersek. 

ger'tak, mrg-ger'tak, to stamp, 
strike with the feet (as a 
person urging on a horse), 
strike weapons together in 
order to intimidate ; hence to 

ger'tak gi'gi, to grind the teeth. 
Also kertak gigi. 

ge'sek, mnj-ge'sek, to rub, cause 
friction (usually of rough 
things). Cf. gesel, gesir and 

ge'sek bi-o'Ja, to play the fiddle. 

lg-ge'sek, the fiddle bow. 

ge'sel, mig-ge'sel, to rub to- 

ge'sir, mig-ge'sir, to rub between 
the palms of the hands. 

g-gak\ in the phrase : 

g-gak' gm-pi'ta, a loud con- 
fused noise. 



,g-gat', a bookworm; the larva of 
the moth which destroys 

gha"ib (Ar.), to disappear, va- 

g-ha'ra, a'nak g-ha'ra, legitimate 

gha'rib (Ar.), foreign, strange. 
g-ha'ru, aloes-wood. 

gi' f ghee, clarified beef fat, used 
by natives of India; also mi- 
n/ak sapi. 

gi'gi, a tooth. Cf. gerliam. 
gi'gi a'su, canine teeth. 
gi'gi s-ri', the front teeth. 
cha'bot gi'gi, to draw a tooth. 
churg'Tcil gi'gi, tooth-pick. 
gi'git, mrg-gi'git, to bite. 

gi'la, mad, insane, idiotic. 

gi'la ba'bi, epilepsy. 
gi'laig, gi'larg-g-mi'larg, shining, 
glittering. Cf. Jcilcct. 

gi'liig, mrg-gi'lirg, to. roll (be- 
tween rollers as in a roller 
mill), roll up (as sails), 
grind (as with curry stone 
and roller). Cf. gelek and 
ba'tu gi'lirg, stone for grinding 

curry stuff. 
gi'Iir (115), alternation, change, 

turn, relieving guard. 
ber-gi'lir, alternately, in suc- 
cession, in turn. Cf. ganti. 
gi'li-ran, turn, change of guard. 
gin'tiig, a roofing ii\e = gntirg. 
g-lak', in the phrase: 

ter-ta'wa g-lak' g-lak', to laugh 


g-lam', the name of a tree, the 
bark of which is used for 
canlking boats. 
', bracelet, anklet. 

g-larg' ka'ki, anklets. 
g-larg' ta'rgan, bracelets. 

g-lap', dark, obscure. Cf. klam. 
g-lap' gu-li'ta, pitch dark. 
bu'Jan g-lap', the time when 

the moon is invisible. 
ma-ta-ma'ta g-lap', detective. 

g-lar', mrg-g-lar', to confer a 
title or surname. 

ber-g-lar', having a title or sur- 

g-la'ran, surname, title. 

g-las' (Eur.), drinking glass. 
g-l-gar', floor joists. 

g-li', ticklish, excitable, unable to 
control oneself. 

g-lin'chir, mrg-g-lin'chir, to slip, 

glitar, see gltar. 

g-Io'joh, greedy, gluttonous. 

g-Iok', a vessel for water with a 
narrow neck. 

g-lo'rah (Ar.), stormy, troubled. 

g-Iom'baig, large waves, break- 
ers. Cf. ombak and alun. 

g-l'tar, mrg-g-l'tar, to tremble. 
Cf. gmntar. 

g-lu'niai, miy-g-lu'marg, to 
wallow in mud; smeared 
with mud. Cf. lumor and 

g-mal', a bundle of sticks, sheaf 
of grain. 

g-ma'la, mythical jewels sup- 
posed to have magic proper- 
ties. Also kmala. 

g-mar', pleased, glad, joyful; 


ler-g-mar', to rejoice. 

k-g-ma'ran, that which gives 
pleasure; enjoyment, rejoic- 



gm-ba'la, shepherd; see gombala. 
gm-be'ra, excited, excitement. 
gmilarg, see gilatg. 
gmntar, see gntar. 

gm'pa, shaking, quaking, especi- 
ally of earthquakes. 
gm'pa bu'mi, earthquake. 

gm'par, tumult, uproar, riot. 

gm-pi'ta (Sk.), loud, roaring 
(of noises) : usually in the 
phrase : 

g-gap' gm-pi'ta or g-gak' gm- 
pi'ia, a loud confused noise. 

g-mok', fat, corpulent, stout; 
fertile (of soil). Cf. tam- 

g-m-rn'cheig, clattering, clank- 

gmtar, see giar. 

gmuroh, see yuroli. 

g-nap', complete, entire, consum- 
. mated, even (of numbers). 
Cf. ganjil, odd. 
s-g-nap' . the whole, all. 
s-g-nap' dun'ia, the whole 


s-g-nap' lia'ri, the whole day. 
x-ri'lt y-nap', exactly a thou- 

g-na'pi, to complete, accom- 
plish, consummate. 
gn'daig, a long cylindrical shap- 
ed drum: also gndratg. 
gn'd-raig, a large drum; see gn- 

gig'gam, the closed hand, fist. 
s-grg'gam, a handful. 
gtg'ga-man, the grasp. 

gn'ta (Sk.), a bell; usually 1o- 

gn'tar and g-mn'tar, to tremble, 
especially with fear; also 
g'tar and g-m'tar. 

gn'tiig, a roofing tile. 

a'tap gn'tirg, a tile roof. 
goa' (B.) (Chin.) (10), I, me. 
go'a and go'ha, a cave. 

go'choh, mrg-go'choh, to strike 

with the fist. Cf. tumbok. 
ber-go'choh, fighting with the 
fists, boxing. 

go'lek, ber-go'lek, to turn or roll 
backwards and forwards (as 
a fowl on a spit, or a boa't 
rolling). Cf. gulirg, gilirg 
and geld-. 

go'lek-kan, to roll or turn any- 
thing backwards and for- 

go'lok (Penang), a chopping 
knife = pararg. 

gom-ba'la (Sk.), a shepherd, 
herdsman; a pastor (X.). 

gom-ba'la a' yam, one who tends 

gom-ba'la-kan , to herd, tend 

gon'chaig, mig-gon'charg, -ban, 
to shake with more or less 
rapidity or violence. Cf . 

ber-gon'chan/, trembling, shak- 
ing (intrans.). ' "* 

gon'dah, uneasy, anxious. 

pa'saig gon'dah, neap tide. 
gon'dok, goitre. 

gondol, bald, bare-headed, bare 
of leaves (of trees), bare of 
vegetation (as hills). Cf. 

goig', a gong. 

goig'goig, mrg-gorg'gorg, to 
carry in the mouth '(as a 

goni, see a.uni. 



go'poh, haste, hurry; hasty. Cf. 

go- poh-go' poll, hastily. 

go'riig, to fry in fat, broil, grill. 

Cf. rnda-rg. 
go'ris, a scratch, score, groove; 

incised mark = garis. 
go'sok, miy-go'sok (86), to rub 

with the idea of cleaning or 

polishing. Cf. gesek. 

go'yaig, ber-go'yaiy, to shake, 
swing to and fro as the 
branches of a tree, oscillate. 
Cf. goncliarg. 

go'i/arg-kan and mrg-go'yarg, to 
shake (trans.)., agitate. 

g-ra-ha'na (Sk.), eclipse; also 


g-rak', ber-g~rak' f to move, stir 

tcr-g-rak', moved. 

ter-g-rak' lia'ii-rya, his heart 
was moved. 

g-rak' lean, to move, put in mo- 

g-rak' kan k-pa'la, to nod the 
head. Cf. gelenj. 

g-ram', anger; angry. Cf. ma- 
rali and gusar. 

g-ra'igan, pray, prithee (in ques- 
tions). Cf. kira-rya. 

g-re'ba (Ar. qirbat), water-skin. 

g-re'ja (Port.), a church build- 

g-riifc', ill, sick (court langu- 
age). Cf. sakit. 

g-ri'sek, miy-g-ri'sek, to make a 
rustling or crackling 
(as silk or tinsel). 

g-ru'da (Sk.), a fabulous bird; 
also gurda. 

g'ta (Sk.), couch, sofa, bed. 

g'tah, the gum winch exudes 
from trees, birdlimr. rubber. 
g'tah per'clia, gutta ]>Mvha. 
g'tah kam-bo'ja, gamboge. 

g'tar, to tremble; usually gn'tar 
or g-mn'iar, sometimes g- 

gu'ber-nur (Eur.), governor; 
also pmrentah. 

gu'darg, a warehouse, !?tore, 
shop. Cf. gdoir). 

gu'gur, to fall (of small light 
things) ; also sometimes with 
the idea of a premature or 
unnatural fall, as of falling 
stars, fruit falling from a 
tree, hair from the head, a 
premature birth, etc. Cf. 

gu'gur a'nak-rya, to miscarry. 

gu'gur-kan, to cause to fall in 
the manner described above. 

gu'la (Sk.), sugar. Cf. tbit. 
gu'la ba'iu, sugar candy. 
gu'la hi'tam, brown sugar. 
gu'la M-la'ka, sugar made 
from the coco-nut tree; 
sometimes gu'ln lii'lant. 
gu'la pa'ftir, granulated or 

moist sugar. 

gu'lai, curry. Cf. lank. 
gu-li'ga (Sk.), the bezoar stone. 

gu'lirg, ber-gu'lirg, to roll : usual- 
ly to roll along as a wheel; 
to roll oneself on the ground. 
Cf. goleTc, gilitg and gelek. 
nng-fin'lhg and gu'liw-kan, to 
roil anything along. 

gu-li'ta, dark ; usually g-lap f gu- 
li'ta, pitch dark. 

gu'loig, mry-gu'loiT), to roll up 
(as a mat, sail, sheets iof 
pauer. etc.) ; a roll made in 
this way. Cf. 


3u'mol, ber-gu'mol, to wrestle. 

Cf. gusti. 

xtim pal, a clod, lump (as in 
dough), clot of blood. Cf. 

bcr-gnnt'pal, clotted, lumpy; 
(B.) to wrestle (cor. of 

Xii'na (Sk.), use, utility: magic. 
a' pa- gu'na? what is the use? 
o'bat gu'na. a charm. 
ber-gu'na, useful. 
fin'nii-kun. to use, make use of. 
3un'dek, concubine. 
xundol, see gondol. 
3ju'ni (Hind.), a sack made of 

jute. Cf. karorg. 
ka'in gu'ni, sack cloth. Cf. 

Su'noig, a mountain. 

nn'noH/ bcr-a'pi, a volcano. 
ka'ki gu'noiy, the foot of a 


k-inun'chal; gu'norg, the top of 
a mountain. 

iig, scissors, shears. 
mn/-f/ini'tirg and gun'tirg-kan, 
to cut with scissors, shear. 

'tor, thunder; usually guroJi. 
X" rau, ber-gu'rau, to jest. Cf. 
s'uulir and jnaka. 

^urda, see gnula. 

^u-rin'dam (Tarn.), rhyming 

Sju'roh, thunder, also similar 

loud noises. Cf. (junior, 
g-mu'roli, thundering, like 

Xu'ru (Sk.), a teacher, school- 
master, clergyman (X.). 
Cf. /iigajftr, nndita and 
bcr-nn'ru k-jia'da, to have as 

one's teacher, learn from. 
gus', in the phrase: 

s-ka'li gus', all at once; all at 
the same time. 

gu'sar, angry; to be angry. Cf. 

marah and gram. 
gu'sa-ri, to be angry at or with. 

gu'si, the gums. 

gus'ti (Pers.), ber-gus'ti, to 
wrestle. Cf. gunwl. 

gus'ti (Jav.), lord. 


ha'bis (75, 76), finished, com- 

pleted, exhausted, extinct ; 

utterly, entirely, completely; 

also in this sense s-habis- 

habis. Cf. sudali and jlas. 
ha'bis bi-nn'sa, entirely des- 


It-lum' lia'bix, not yet finished. 
su'd'th ha'bis, finished. 
lia'bis-kan, to finish, complete, 

pig-ha'bi-san, the end, termin- 


hah In r (Pers.), crystal. 
ha'bok, dust. Cf. Ibu and dbu. 

Hab'shi (Ar.), Ab} r ssinian, 

ha'bu, ashes; see abu.. 

had' (Ar.), limit, boundary; un- 
til. Cf. ismpadan and prenj 

ha'dap, m-ty-lia'dap, -i, to face, 
stand before or in the pre- 
sence of, interview a person. 

Jia'dap-kan, to bring or place 
before a person, introduce. 

It a' da-pan and di ha'da-pan, be- 
fore, in front of, in presence 
of ; contracted to d-pan' (B.). 



ba'ris di ka' da-pan or ba'ris d- 
pan', the vowel sign corres- 
ponding to o and u : see barix. 

ha di-ah (Ar.), presented, offer- 
ed; a gift, present. Cf. tnn- 
brian and anugrah. 

ha'dith or ha'dis (Ar.), the Mo- 
hammedan traditions. 

ha'dlir or ha'lir (Ar.), present, 

arrived; prepared, ready. 
ha'dlir-kan, to bring or place 
before a person, introduce = 

ha'dl-rat ( A r.), presence; lord- 
ship, majesty. 

hafatl (Ar.), to learn by heart. 
Also liapal. 

hai' (132), an interjection; oh! 

hai'bat or he'bat (Ar.), dread, 
awe; terrible, awe-inspiring. 
Cf. dahshat. 

hai ran or he'ran (Ar.) (148), 
astonished: to wonder; won- 
derful. Cf. 'aja'ib. 

ha'jat (Ar.), need, necessity; the 

wants of nature. 
ber-ha'jat, needing, requiring; 
to require. 

ha'ji (Ar.), a pilgrim, one who 
has made the pilgrimage to 

na'ik ha'ji, to perform the pil- 
grimage, become a haji. 

ha j rat, see hijrat. 

hak' (Ar.), truth, right; due, 

claim; just, true. Cf. bnar. 

am'bil hak' o'rarg /'> to 

usurp another's rights. 
ti-a'da d'rgan /taA-'-n/o, unjustly. 

ha'kim (Ar.), a judge. 

hai' (Ar.), state, condition, cir- 

Jial' ih'wal, circumstances and 

de'ri-hal', about, concern 
ha' la, direction, course. 
ha'lal (Ar.), lawful. legitimat. . 
allowable; as opposed to ha- 
ram, unlawful. 
ha'lal-kan, to permit, di-clare 


halaman, see hlaman. 
ha'lau, miq-ha'lau, -lean, to drive- 

ha'li-a, ginger. 

ha-li-lin'tar, a stroke of light- 
ning, thunderbolt; also / 
i ha-li pan or li'pan, a large 

centipede; see hUpan. 
haluan, see hluan. 
ha'Ius, fine, thin, delicate, refin- 
ed. Cf. nip-is and /<'/"* 
hal'wa (Ar.), sweets, pastry. 


ham ba, slave; used as a pronoun 
of the 1st person in address- 
ing superiors. Cf. sahya. 
ham'ba Al'lah, a poor wreu-!i. 
ham'ba ra'ja, a king's servant- 

or retainers. 

iu'an ham'ba, sir; used as a. 
pronoun of the 2nd person in 
addressing superiors. 
per-ham'ba-kan, to enslave. 
per-ham'ba-lcan di'ri, to submit 

n ' i 

per-liam baan, slaver}', servi- 
ham'bat, mnj-ham''bat > to pur- 

' sue, chase. Cf. kjar and 

ham'bat ha'ti o'ratg, to seek to* 

win people's affections. 
ham'bur, mrg-ham'bur, -kan, to- 
scatter (as rice, pearls^ 
money, etc., at festivals an-i 
ceremonies). Cf. iabur. 


ha' mi! (Ar.), pregnant. Cf. 

ham pa, see hmpa. 

ham 'par, mrg-liam' par , -i, -ban. 
to spread out (as mats, car- 
pets, grain, etc.). Cf. bn- 

ham'pa-ran, a carpet. 

ham'pa-ran ba'tu, pavement. 

ham 'pas, refuse, residue. 
liam'pas sa'gu, sago refuse. 

ham' pi r, mrg-liam'pir, near, 
nearly, almost; to approach, 
draw near. Cf. dkat. 
ham'pi-ri, to draw near to, ap- 
proach a thing. 

ham zah (Ar.), an orthographi- | 
cal sign, used to introduce a j 
syllable commencing with a 

han'chur, mrg-lian'cUur, -lean, to 
crush, reduce to powder, dis- 
solve in liquids, decompose; 
also metaphorically of the 
heart. Cf. rmok. 

han'dai, companion, comrade, 
friend. Cf. taulan, sahabat 
and kawan. 

Jian'dai tan' I an, friends and 

handak, see hndak. 

hatg' (Penang), thou, you = arg- 

ha'n?at, hot (fire heat) : also of 

anger. Cf. panas. 
ha'rgat-kan, to heat. 

ha'igus, to burn, be burnt, con- 
sumed or scorched. Cf. ba- 
kar,. which means to apply 
heat to, without necessarily 
consuming, as in heating 

Hi a' iy us-kan, to burn up, con- 

h an tarn, see lintam. 

han'tar, mrg-han'tar, -kan, to. 
convey, escort; also to send 
in charge of another. CL 
batva, irliy and kirim. 
ter-han'tar, laid down, stretch- 
ed out on a bed or on the 
ground, as a sick or sleeping 
person or a corpse. 

han'tu, a ghost; evil spirits sup- 
posed to haunt certain pla- 
ces. Cf. jin and 'ifrit. 

bu'rorg liantu, the owl. 

ja'ri han'tu, the middle finger. 

ha'n/a, only, merely, except, but. 
Cf. chuma, mlainkan and sa- 

ha'n/ir, a fishy smell; fetid, ran- 

ha'iytit, ber-lia'iyut, to drift r 

float on the water. 
o'rarg lia'njut, a vagabond. 

hapal, see liafatl. 

ha'pus, mrg-ha'pus, to obliterate,. 

efface, rub out, wash out. 
hara, see hitru-hara. 
ha'ram (Ar.), forbidden, prohi- 
bited, unlawful; sacred, hal- 
lowed. Cf. lialal. 
ha' ram -kan, to prohibit, de- 
clare illegal. 

ha'rap (148), hope, trust, con- 
fidence; to hope, trust. 
ha'rap-kan, to trust in, rely 

k-ha'ra-pan, disappointed. 

har'dek, nug-har'dek, to reprove,, 
scold. Cf. trgkirg. 

ha'ri (8k.), day of 2 hours. Cf. 


ha'ri b-sar' , festival, holiday. 
ha'ri hi/' Ian, date. 
ha'ri hu'jan. a rainy day or 

rainy weather. 



ha'ri ki-a'niat, the day of judg- 

ha'ri ra'ya, festival. 

di-ni-hii'ri, early dawn. 

<>'m)k ha'ri, tomorrow. 

i'ni ha'ri, today. 

ina-ia-l\a'ri, the sun. 

jxt'gi ha'ri = pa'gi, morning. 

j>-1aiy' ha'ri = p-taty', after- 

a-ha-ri-ha'ri, daily, every day. 

3-ha-H-ha'ri-an, all day long. 

s-pan'jary ha'ri, all day long. 

fiyah lia'ri, midday. 

lia'ri a'liad, or lia'ri mirg'go, 

lia'ri ix'niii, or lia'ri sa'tu, Mon- 

Jia'ri x-la'sa, or lia'ri du'a, 

ha'ri r'bu, or ha'ri ti'qa, Wed- 

ha't;i kha'ini#, or ha'ri 'm'pat, 

lia'ri j'ma-at' or ha'ri li'ma, 

hfi'ri *ab'tu. or ha'ri a-nam', 


ha-ri'mau or h-ri'mau, a tiger. 
ha-ri'niau a' bar, a large wild 

hn-ri'man tla'lian, tree leopard. 

ha'rom, fragrant, sweet-smell- 
ing; a sweet smell. Cf. 
ica rr/i. 

ha'ru, mrg-lia'ru, to stir, disturb, 
agitate, trouble ; especially 
of demoniacal possession. 
ha-ru-bi'ru, confusion, disorder. 

ha'rus, necessary, obligatory, 
proper; it behoves, ought, 
should. Cf. pat ut. 

ha'rus, stream, current, the 

movement of water. 
ha'sil (Ar.), outcome, product, 

profits, re-venue; to have 2 
result or outcome. 
lia'sil-kan, to produce, achieve, 

has'ta (Sk.). a cubit. 

ha'ta (133), a punctuation word. 

ha'ti, the liver; the heart as the 
seat of the passions (the 
organ which circulates the 
blood is jantoiy) ; fig., the 
centre of things. 

ha'ti b-sar' ' , proud. 

ha'ti -pa'nas, hot temper. 

ha'ti pu'teh, a clear conscience. 

am'bil ha'ti, to win the affec- 

a-rgan-a'ryan lia'ti, conscience 

b-ri' ha'ti, to encourage, in- 

bu'ah ha'ti-ku, my treasure, a 
term of endearment. 

d'tyan s-bu-lat-bu'lat ha'ti, with 
one's whole heart. 

hu'lit ha'ti. the pit of the stom- 

i'ri ha'ti, spite, malevolence. 

k-rliil' Itii'ti, spiteful, having a 
grudge against a person. 

k-ras' ha'ti, hard hearted. 

wa'ta ha'ti, spiritual percep- 

jxi'tinx ha'ti, angry. 

.^a' kit ha'ti, offended, angry 
with a person. 

su'salt ha'ti. sad, troubled. 

ta'irnr lia'ti. discouraged. 

pcr-ha'ti-kan, to take to heart, 
pay attention to, examine 

ha'us, thirst: thirsty; worn out 
by friction or rust (of me- 
tals). C'f. dhaga and lurolc. 
ha'\va (Ar.), air, atmosphere, 
climate. Cf. udara. 


lha'\va (Ar.), love, passion, de- 
sire; usually brahi. 
ha'u-a naf'su, carnal desires. 

fiayat (Ar.). life, vitality, the 

vital spark. Cf. hidop. 
s-la'oi a'da liay'at, while I yet j 


Icr-ha'yat, having life. 
he' (132), an interjection; oh! 
he bat, see liaibat. 
fie'ja (Ar.), mrg-lie'ja, spelling, 
orthography ; to spell; also 
he'la, niry-lte'la, -lean, to drag, 

draw. Cf. tarek and seret. 
tie'lak, rmg-he'lak, to dodge, 

evade; also dak. 
he'lak-kan, to ward off, parry. 
liemat, see him mat. 
hen'ti or hn'ti, chiefly found in 

its derivatives: 
bcr-hcn'ti. to stop, stay, cease, 

rest: (B.) brenii and rnti. 
ii-a'da ber-lien'ti, incessantly. 
ber-hcn'li-kan 1'lali, to rest 

after fatigue. 
jx-r-hen'ti-an, rest, resting 


herdek, see liardek. 
lier'ga (Sk.), value, price. 
hrr'ga ma'ti, fixed price. 
lier'ga nin' rail, a low price. 
b-ra'pa lier'ga? what price? 
la' roll lier'ga, to fix the price. 
ber-hcr'ga or b-her'ga, valuable. 

lier'ta (Sk.), property, goods. 
her' fa bn'da, valuables, goods 

and chattels. 
Jicr'ia dnn'ia, worldly goods. 

lii'as, brr-ln'as, ornamented, de- 
corated; (B.) brias and n'os. 
in iii-ln' as and lii'a-si, to adorn, 
ornament, decorate, fit out, 

per-lii'a-san, ornamentation, at- 
tire, trappings. 
hi 'bur, m rg-hi'bur, -kan, to com-. 

fort, console. 

piy-hi'bur, a person or thing 
which gives consolation or 
solace; the Comforter (X.). 
prg-lii'bu-ran, comfort, consol- 
hi'daig, miy-hi'darg, to serve 


lii-da'tyan, courses (at a meal). 

ma'kan s-hi-da'rgan, to eat of 

the same course, eat together. 

hi'doig, nose, snout. Cf. mun- 

ba'taty hi'doiy, the bridge of 

the nose. 

lo'barg hi'dorg, nostrils. 
hi'dop, alive, living; fresb, as 
opposed to dried, preserved 
or canned; to live, have life. 
Cf. liayat. 

lii'dop pu'la, restored to life. 
d'ryan hi'dop-iya, alive. 
i kan It id op, fresh fish; as op- 
posed to ikan krivg, dried 

la'gi lii'dop, still alive. 
s-u'mor hi'dop, all one's life. 
su'su hi'dop, fresh milk as op- 
posed to tinned milk. 
In' do-pi and hi'dop-kan, to pre- 
serve a person's life, restore 

k-hi'do-pan, means of liveli- 

hi'jau, green. 

hij'rat (Ar.) (1G6), the Hegira, 
the Mohammedan era. Also 
ha j rat. 
hi-ka'yat (Ar.), narrative, story, 

history. Cf. chertra. 
hik mat (Ar.), wisdom, know-? 
ledge, science, medicine; 


hence supernatural power, 

hi'laig, lost; to be lost, disap- 
pear, die. 

hi'laiy-kan, to cause to disap- 
pear; obliterate, destroy. 

Jc-hi-la'iyan (128), having in- 
curred loss, deprived of, 
bereft of; as o'rarg k-hi-la'- 
rgan pi'sau, a man who has' 
lost his knife. 

hi'lir, mrg-hi'lir, the lower 
reaches of a river; to go 
down stream, descend a river ; 
as opposed to mudek, to go 
up stream. Cf. liulu. 

him'mat or he'mat (Ar.), pur- 
pose, intention ; diligence, 
care; aspiration. 

him'pon, ber-him'pon, to assem- 
ble, gather together. Cf. 
leumpol and krumun. 

him'pon-kan, to bring together, 
collect, cause to assemble. 

per-liim'po-nan, an assemblage, 
assembly, congregation, 
church in a looal sense (X.). 

hi'na (Sk.), low, base, mean, 
despicable; lowly. 

. hi'na di'na, the poor and lowly, 
the common people. 

. hi'na-kan, to despise, disdain, 

hi'na-kan di'ri, to abase or 

humiliate oneself. 
Jc-hi'na'an, degradation, igno- 

hinai, see //"//'. 

Hin'di, usually neg'ri Hin'di, 
India, Hindustan. 

Hin'du, o'rarg Hin'dn, a Hindu; 
(Penang) a Tamil. 

hifg'ga, until, as far as: limit. 
Cf. sampai and had. 

s-hinj'ga, until, as far a- 
such an extent that . 

per-hiirj'ga'an, limit, boundary, 
frontier: . contracted to p- 

hiig'gap, to alight or perch upon, 
anything, as birds or insects. 

hin'tai, miy-hin'tai, -kan, to spy.. 
peep at; see iniai. 

hiri, see iri. 

hi'ris, mty-ln'ris, to slice, cut 
fine, hash. 

hi'sab (Ar.), counting, caleula- 
. tion; usually liitoit/. 
hi'sab-kan, to count, reckon. 
ter-hi'sab-kan, capable of en- 
ti-a'da ter-hi'sab-kan ba'tyak- 

. tya, innumerable. 

hi 'sap, mry-hi'sap, to suck, draw 

into the mouth or nostrils.. 
hi' sap clian'du and lii'sap ma'~ 

dat, to smoke opium. 
hi' sap ro'kok, to smoke the 
native cigarette. 

hi'tam, black. 

hi' tarn ma'nis, brown. 

hi'tonf, mrg-hi'torg, -kan, to 
count, reckon, calculate. Cf _ 

h-lai' or lai' (84), numeral co- 
efficient of thin or flat ob- 

s-h-lai' ker'ias, a sheet of paper. 

s-h-lai' s-pirg'gan/, with only 
the clothes one has on. 

ba'ju s-h-lai', one coat. 

h-la'man, courtyard in front of 
a palace or Other building-. 

hlaix, see lanj. 

h-li pan or li'pan, a large cen- 


h-Iu'an, the front or front part 
of anything, especially of 

hm'bus, miy-hm'bus, to blow, 
breathe out with the mouth ; 
also used of the wind. Cf. 

liin'bus-kan, to blow away. 

hm'bu-san, bellows. 

fim'pa, empty; empty husks of 

rice. Cf. kosoty and skam. 
liin'pa ta'iyan->ya, with empty 

pa'di lim'pa or lim'pa, husks of 

rice in which the grain has 

never formed. 

Jim 'pas, mty-hm'pas, ~k'an, to 
throw or dash down. Cf. 

hm'p-du, gall, bile. 

'hn'dak, desire, wish; to wish, 
intend ; an auxiliary verb ex- 
pressing the future (45). 
Cf. man. 

hn'dak-lah, placed before a 
verb to express the imper- 

Ikri dak-kan , to desire a thing. 

k-hn'dak or ka-han'dak (126), 
will, desire, wish. 

ber-ka-han'dak, to desire, wish, 

k-hn-da'ki or ka-han-da'ki, to 

Tin'dap, miy-hn'dap, to crouch. 

Ti-niig', clear, pure, transparent 

(of liquids and of the heart). 

Cf. jerneh. 
hn tarn, to throw, strike; also 


hnti, see henti. 

hn-ti'mun, cucumber; see timun. 
"ho bat, usually ho'ba-tan, sorcery, 

made. Cf. obat. 

o'raty ho'ba-tan, a sorcerer. 
Ho- Ian da, Dutch; usually BlaA- 


ho'nar, disgrace, insult. 
hor-lo'ji (Port, and D.), a clock, 

watch; usually jam. 
h or 'mat (Ar.), reverence, res- 
. - pect. : 

b-ri' hor'mat, to pay respect, to 


hor-ma'ti, to honour, respect. 
hrimau, see harimau. 
hsta, see liasta. 

hu'a (Ar.), he; used in the Lei- 
dekker version of the Bible 
as a translation of Jehovah. 

hu-ba'ya, entirely. 

liu-ba'ya-liu-ba'ya, above all 

hu'borg, ber-liu'borg , united, 
joined; the union of fami- 
lies, villages, etc., as well as 
of tangible things. Cf . 5am- 

mty-hu'bonj and hu'bory-kan, 
to join, unite. 

hn'bo-iyan, lengthening piece, 
hyphen; sequel of a book. 

hu'darg or u'darg, prawn, 
shrimp. . : 

liu'darg ga'lah, lobster. 

bu'rorg ra'ja hu'darg, the king- 
hu'jan, rain. 

Jiu'jan ba'tu, hail. 'uH 

liu'jan l-bat', heavy rain. 

Jiu'jan man tu'run, rain is com- 

hu'jan pa'nas, rain during sun- 

liu'jan rin-tek-rin'tek, light 
rain, drizzle. 

lia'ri hu'jan, a rainy day, or 
rainy weather. 



hu'ja-ni, to rain upon. 

hu'jat, mnj-hu'jat, blasphemy, 
libel ; to speak evil of, calum- 
niate, libel, blaspheme. 

hu'jong;, end, extremity. 

hu'jonj ta'nah, cape, point of 
land, peninsula. 

hu-ka'ma (Ar.), learned men. 

hu'kum (Ar.), judgment, sen- 
tence; decree, laAv, com- 
mand; rule, jurisdiction. 

hu'kum is'lam, the laws of Is- 

hu'kum yaty 'a'dil, just rule. 

b-ri' hu'kum, to give an order. 

ja'toh-kan hu'kum di a'tas \ 
o'rarg, to condemn. 

k'na hu'kum, to suffer punish- 

pu'tus-kan hu'kum, to pro- 
nounce sentence. 

s-pu'loh hu'kum Al'lali, the 
Ten Commandments (X.). 

hu'kum-kan, to judge, sentence, 

hu'ku-man, punishment, 
hu lam, uncooked vegetables 
eaten with curry. 

hulat, see n.lol. 

hu'lor, mrg-liu'lor, -lean, to ex- 
tend, stretch out, hold out 
(as the hand) ; pay out, low- 
er away (as ropes). Cf. 

hu'lu, the head, the upper part 
or source of a thing, the hilt 
of a sword or dagger, the 
upper reaches of a river, the 
interior of a country. Cf. 
Tcpala, udek and hilir. 

hu'lu lia'ti, the pit of the stom- 

hu'lu k-ris', the hilt of a kris. 

dhulu or dahulu, see dhulu. 

o'rarg hu'lu, people of the in- 

prg-hu'lu, a chieftain, headman. 

piy-hu'lu kam'poiy, the head- 
man of a village. 

pnj-hu'lu Tca'wal, the comman- 
der of a guard. 

pnj-hu'lu ms'jid, the headmara 

of a mosque. 

hu-lu-ba'latg, commander of a; 
body of soldiers, officer. 

hu'ma, cultivated land, dry rice- 
fields = ladarg; as opposed to- 
satcah, wet rice fields. Cf. 
bndarg, which is applied botln 
to dry and irrigated fields. 
ber-hu'ma, to cultivate such 


per-hu'ma'an, cultivated land,, 
the crops raised. 

hun (Chin.), an inch; also a? 
measure of weight. 

hu'nus, mrg-hu'nus, to draw ai 
weapon from its sheath, un- 
sheath; also chabot. 

hur', hnr'kan, to indulge. 

hu'ruf (Ar.), letters of the al- 

hu-ru-ha'ra, disorder, distur- 
bance, tumult, riot. 

hu'tan, jungle, forest, wild un- 
cultivated country. Cf. blu- 
kar and rimba. 

hu'tan b-lan-ta'm, wild jungle. 

hu'tan riin'ba, forest or pri- 
meval jungle. 

a' yam hu'tan, jungle fowl. 

ba'bi hu'tan, wild pig. 

o'rarg hu'tan, wild men of the- 

pi'sarg hu'tan, wild banana. 

hu'tai^, debt, loan; owing, due. 
ba'i/er hu'targ, to pay a debt. 
b-ri' hu'tan/, to lend, loan. 



ber-liu'taiy, in debt. 
pi-hu'targ, credit. 


i'a, he, she, it, they; also dia. 
i'a'i'tu (17), that, that one; 

that is to say, namely. 
i'a'i'ni (17), this, this one. 

'i-ba'dat (Ar.), worship, adora- 
tion, piety, devotion. Cf. 

*i-ba'rat (Ar.), metaphor, figure; 
explanation, interpretation. 
Cf. Idas. 

am'bil 'i-ba'rat, to use a meta- 

ib'lis (Ar.), the devil, Satan. 
Cf. sliaitan. 

ib'ni, ib'nu or bin' (Ar.), son; 
usually anak. 

i'bol, a kind of palm tree. 
'Ib-ra'ni (Ar.), Hebrew. 

i'bu, mother. Cf. mak and in- 


i'bu a'yam, hen. 
i'bu ba'pa, parents. 
i'bu ja'ri, thumb. 
i'bu lea' lei, great toe. 
s-i'bu s-ba'pa, of the same 

father and mother. 

i'dah, bridal present. 

i'dam, mrg-i'dam, to long for (of 
pregnant women). 

i'dap, chronic disease. 

i'dar, ber-i'dar, to revolve, go 
round in a circle. Cf. pusirg. 
biritaiy ber-i'dar, a planet. 
i'dar-kan or per-i' da r-kan, to 
pass or send round, especially 
of food. 
, per-i' da-ran, revolution. 

per-i' da-ran dun'ia, a cycle,, 
period of time. 

id'dah (Ar., number), the num- 
ber of days or fixed time thsit 
a woman may not marrr 
after divorce or the deatli of 
her husband. 

idhin, see izin. 

'if rit (Ar.), demon, evil spirit. 

Cf. jin and hantu. 
i'gal, m-Hji'gal, to spread the tail. 

as peacocks and turkeys. 
igama, see ayama. 

i'gau, m-tyi'gau, to talk in (nr\ 

sleep, have bad dreams. 
ih'wal (Ar.), plural of lial, q.v. 
i'jok, the coarse fibre of the a- 
borg (sugar palm), used for 
making rope. 
i'kal, wavy (of hair). Cf. Ire- 

i'kan, fish. 

i'Jcan b-la'larg, flying fish. 
i'kan k-rity', dried fish. Cf. 


i'kan lum-ba-lum'ba, porpoise- 
i'kan pa' us, whale. 
i'kan to! dak, sword-fish'. 
i'kan yu' , shark. 
nja-ira-tya' u~a i'kan, more dead 
than alive. 

i'kat, m-tyi'kat, ~kan, a bundle: 
to tie, fasten. Cf. berka*. 

i'kat pirg'garg, belt. 

i'kat p-ri'fji, the masonry with 
wliidi a well is lined. 

i'kat ru'ina/i, to build a house 
(of brick or masonry). 

i'ka-tan, fastenings. 

ikh'las (Ar.), sincerity; sincere;, 
also ekhlas. 

ikh'ti-ar (Ar.). choice, decision,, 


ik'rar (Ar.), fixed, settled. Of. 

i kiit, m-rgi'kut, to follow, imi- 
tate, obey. Cf. turut. 
ber-i-kut-i'kvt, in succession. 
i'lah (Ar.), God, a god. 

I -la hi (Ar.), divine; my God. 

II ham (Ar.), divine inspiration. 
il'ham-kan, to impart divine 

"il'mii (Ar.), knowledge, scholar- 
ship, science. 

ber-il'mu, learned, scholarly. 
i mam (Ar.), priest. 

i'mam b-sar', high priest (X.). 

i man (Ar.), belief, faith, creed, 
religion ; the Mohammedan 

ba'tva i'man, to embrace the 
faith, become a Moham- 

im'pit, m-rgim'pit, to press, 
squeeze. Cf. apit, than, tin- 

1'nai, henna, a red dye. 

I'narg, nurse; also i-narg'da 
(court language). Cf. asoli. 

Sn-che", a title equivalent to the 
English Mr.; also 'n-clie" 
and die'. 

in'chi (Eng.), an inch. 

In'dah, beautiful, attractive, im- 
portant, valuable, precious ; 
also in-dali-in'dali. 

in'dali-kan, to value, pay atten- 
tion to, care about. 
Jn'dok and in'dorg, mother; 
chiefly used in the phrases : 

in'dok ma'du, honeycomb. 

in'dok mu-ti-a'ra, mother of 

in'dok su'i-ra, cocoon of the 

in d-ra (Sk.), the name of a 

Hindu deity. 

k'in'd-ra'an, the heaven of In- 
dra. This word is often con- 
fused with kndara'an, q.v. 
, noise, clamour. 

m-rgi'rgat, to remember, 
think, pay attention, heed. 

i'lytit-i'rgat, take care, be cau- 

b-ri' i'rgai, to remind, caution. 

i'rgat-mm, to remind a person. 

i'ga-ian, attention, thoughts. 

ter-i'rgat, remembered. 

per-i'nja-ian, a reminder, me- 
Iifc'g-ris (Eur.), English. 

i'rgln (148), to desire, covet. Cf. 

k'i'nji-nan, desires, longings. 

Itg'lan, neg'ri Irq'lan, England. 

, mucus from the nose. 

i'lym, to blow one's 

i'ni (16), this, these. 
i'ni ha'ri, today. 
i'ni ju'ga, this very thing; at 

this very time, just now. 
a'Jcu i'ni, I (emphatic). 
s-ka'ranj i'ni, just now. 
si'ni and di si'ni, here, 
in'jak, m-ir/in'jak, to tread on. 

Cf. pijak and irek. 
in'jil (Ar.), Gospel, the Xew 

in'jin (Eng.), engine, machine. 

Cf. jntra and psawat. 
in'saf (Ar.), justice, equity, fair- 
ness. Cf. 'adil. 
in'san (Ar.), man, mankind; 

usually manusia. 
in'sha' Al'lah (Ar.), please God, 
God willing; also insha'/fah. 



in'tai, m-njin'tai, -lean, t> spy, 
peep at, watch for, peep into ; 
also lilntai. 

in tan, diamond. 

i'par, brother-in-law, sister-in- 

i'poh, the upas tree; the poison 
made from that and other 
trees for poisoning darts. 

i-rauat (Ar.), the will or de- 
c-rees of God. 

"I'rak (Ar.), Mesopotamia. 

i'rek, m-nji'rek, to stamp on, 
thresh by trampling on. 
Cf. injak and pijak. 
IIHJ-I re-kan, threshing floor. 

: i'ri, i'ri lia'ti, spite, malevolence. 

i'riig, m-nji'rlnj, to accompany, 
escort. Cf. hantar. 

i'rirg, i'ri-rgan, side, see ereiy. 
I-ro'pah, Europe = Airopah. 
Tsa (Ar.), Jesus. 

''i'sha (Ar., evening), one of the 
lima icaktii, or five periods 
of prayer; also sm-bah'yarg 

i-sha'rat (Ar.), a signal, sign. 

Cf. tanda. 

i-slia' rat-kan , and b-ri' i-sha'- 
rat, to make a sign. Cf. 

:i'si, contents. 

i'*i dun' la, the inhabitants of 

the world, the whole world. 
i'si kali' win, dowry. 
i'si ki'tab, contents of a book, 
i'si neg'ri, inhabitants of a city. 
i'si p-rot', intestines. 
i'si ru' mail, family, household. 
'bcr-i'si, containing; to contain. 

Cf. muat. 
-i'si-kan and m-rgi'si, to fill, 


Is-kan dar (Ar.), Alexander. 

Is lam (Ar.), Mohammedan. 
a-ga'ma Is'lam, the Moham- 
medan religion. 
ma'sok Is'lam, to become a Mo- 
is' lam-lean, to make a person a 

isnin, see ithnain. 

is-ta'na (Sk.), palace; also as- 

is-taig'gi (Sk.), incense ; usually 


is-ti-'a'dat (Ar.), custom. 
is-ti-me'wa, especially. 
is-tiig'gar (Port.), matchlock. , 

is-tin'ja (Ar.), ablutions after 

is't-ri (Sk.), wife (more respect- 
ful than bini). 
bcr-is't-ri, to have a wife, be 

bcr-is't-ri-kan, to take to wife, 

marry a woman. 
i'tek, duck. 

a' yam i'tek, poultry. 

ith'nain, is'nin or s-nin' (Ar., 
second), Monday; usually 
lia'ri is'nin. 

i'tu (16), that, those. 

si'tu and di si'tu, there. 
i'zin (Ar. idhin), permission, 


b-ri' i'zin, to give leave or per- 

min'ta i'zin, to ask leave, or 

ja'bat, mn-ja'bat, to touch, grasp, 

lay hold of. 

ber-ja'bat ta'tyan, to grasp the 
hand or to shake hands. 



ja'di, mn-ja'di, to come into exis- 
tence, be born, become, hap- 
pen, take place, come to pass, 
be sufficient or satisfactory. 
. ja'di-kan, to create, cause. 
k-ja'di-an, creation, birth. 
ja-di-ja'di-an, a supernatural 

ja'ga (Sk.), to be awake, watch, 
guard, take care. Cf. ba- 
rgun, sdar and turggu. 
ja'ga ba-ik-ba'ik, be careful. 
o'raig ja'ga, a watchman. 

ja'goig, maize, Indian corn. 

ia-han nam (Ar.), hell. Cf. 
j \ n 


ja-hat', wicked, evil, bad, vicious. 

bu'at ja-hat', to commit forni- 
cation; also zina. 

Tcu'da ja-hat' , a vicious horse. 

si- ja-hat', the evil one, the 

ja-hat'kan, to defame. 

k-ja-ha'tan, wickedness. 

ja'hil (Ar.), ignorant; usually 
bbal and bodoh. 

ja'hit, mn-ja'liit, to sew. 
Jahudi, see Yahudi. 

ja'ja, mn-ja'ja, to hawk goods for 
sale, sell on the streets, ped- 

ja'jah, only found in its deriv- 
ative : 

ja'ja-han, district, division of 
a country. Cf. da'irah. 

Ja'kun, a hill tribe of the Malay 

ja'la, casting net. 

ja-la-ja'la, trellis work. 

te'bar ja'la, to throw a casting 


mn-ja'la, to fish with a casting 

ja Ian (49), road, path. way.. 

method; means; to walk. 

move forward, go on. 
ja'lan b-ha'sa, idiom. 
ja'lan ra'ya, main road. 
ba'wa ja'lan, to lead the way. 
bu'ka ja'lan, to lay out a road. 
di fiyah ja'lan, in the middle 

of the road: during a jour- 

nev. " 

sem'panj ja'lan, cross road-. 
s-pan'jarg ja'lan, all the way. 
ber- ja'lan, to walk, travel, go a 


ber-ja'lan da'rat, to go over- 

ber-ja'lan d-hu'lu, to go ahead.. 

ber-ja-lan-ja'lan, to walk about. 

ber-ja'lan ka'ki, to go on foot. 

ja'la-ni (99), to traverse. 

ja'lan-kan (99), to cause to 
walk, set in motion. 

ja'lan-kan in'jin, to start an 

ja'lan-kan ku'da, to walk a 

ja'lan-kan p-ker'ja'an, to ma- 
nage a business. 

per-ja'la-nan, a journey, voy- 
ja'laiK, wild, runaway. Cf. liar. 

- ker'bau ja'larg, a runaway buff- 


p-rem'pu-an ja'laiy, a loose 

ja'lar, mn-ja'lar, to crawl, creep 
(as snakes, etc.) ; to creep, 
climb (as plants). Cf. ra~ 

jalma, see jlma. 

ja'lur, a small canoe, a dug-out. 

Cf. sagur. 
ja'lur, stripes of different colours. 

jam' (Pers.), a clock or watch i 
an hour. 



ja'mah, mn-ja'mali, to touch. 
jam'ban, a latrine. 

jam'barg, a flower pot; usually 
jam-ba'rgan. Cf. pasu. 

jam'bu (Sk.), the generic name 

of a number of fruits. 
jam'bu bi'ji, the guava. 

jam-bu'a, the pomelo. 

jam'bul, tuft of hair or feathers. 

ja'min (Hind.), bail, security. 
o'rarg ja'min, one who stands 

jam'pi (Sk.), magic formula. 

ja'mu, mn-jafmu, a guest; to 

entertain at a feast. 
per-ja'mu-an, a feast. 

jan'da, widow, widower; man or 
woman separated from his or 
her consort. Cf. balu and 

ja'igan (73), do not, lest. 

s-pa'ya ja'rgan, lest; also a' gar 

ja'rgan-kan, far from, not only, 

not merely. 

jaig'gal, awkward, unsuitable, 
badly arranged, not sound- 
ing right, discordant. Cf. 

jaig'got, beard. 

jarg'ka, fixed quantity or mea- 

jaig'kar, rootlets hanging down 
from the branches of banyan 
and other trees. Cf. akar, 
banir and tunjarg. 

jarg'kit, mn-jarg'kit and ber- 
ja ty'kit, infectious: to 
spread, be catching or infec- 
tious (of a disease or con- 
flagration). Cf. rayap. 

jan'ji, promise, agreement, con- 

min'ta jan'ji, to request the ful- 
filment of a promise. 

o'bah-kan jan'ji, to break one's 

sam'pai-kan jan'ji, to perform 
one's promises. 

ber-jan'ji, to promise, make an 

per- jan' ji-an, an agreement, 

jan'tan (87), male (usually of 
animals). Cf. laki-laki. 

jan 'ton*, the heart (anatomi- 
cally), cf. hati; also that 
which resembles the shape of 
the heart, as : 
jan'torg b-tis', the calf of the 


jan'torg pl'sarg, the knob at the 
end of the banana blossom. 

ja'rak, the castor oil plant. 
mi'ryak ja'rak, castor oil. 

ja'rak, interval, distance between 

two objects. Cf. jararg. 
ja'rak-kan, to place at inter- 
ja'raig, seldom, rare, scarce, at 

wide intervals, far apart. 

ja'rarg-kan, to space out, place 

at wide or wider intervals. 

ja'ri, the fingers, a measure = the 
width of a finger. 

ja'ri han'tu, the middle finger. 

ja'ri ka'ki, the toes. 

ja'ri k-lirg'kirg, the little fin- 

ja'ri ma'nis, the third finger. 

ja'ri t-lun'jok, the first finger. 

i'bu ja'ri, the thumb. 

ja'rin?, a large fishing net. a 
trammel, a net for catching 
birds or animals. 

ja'rom, a needle. 

ja'rom cliu'cliok, bodkin. 



lo'baty ja'rom, the eye of a 

ja'sa (Sk.), useful service, credit 
for services rendered, merit. 

ber-bu'at ja'sa, to do meri- 
torious service. 

ber-o'leh ja'sa, to get credit for 
good work. 

ja'ti (Sk.), true, real; usually 

btul or surggoh. 
Tca'yu ja'ti. teak. 
o'rarg M-la'yu ja'ti, a real 


ja'toh, to fall, become bankrupt. 

For other words meaning fall 

see Grammar 163. 
ja'toh sa'kit, to fall ifi. 
ja'toli-kan, to let fall, drop. 
ja'ioJi-kan Jiu'lcum di a'tas 

o'rarg, to condemn. 

Jaudi, see Yahudi. 

ja'uh, distant, far, afar; dis- 

ja-uh- ja'uh, a long way off, far 

ja'uh ma'lam, far into the 
night, late at night. 

de'ri ja'iih, from afar, far off. 

ja'uli-kan. to remove to a dis- 
tance, avert. 

jau-ha'ri (Pers.), a jeweller. 

Ja'wa, Java; usually ta'nali Ja'- 

ja'wab (Ar.), mn-ja'wab, a re- 
ply, an answer; to answer. 
Cf. sdhut. 

ja'wat and ja'wa-ian, office, pot, 
duty, employment. 

Ja'wi, an Arabic derivative of 
Jawa, meaning Javanese, and 
hence Malayan. 

Ja'wi p-kan' - Ja'wi per-a'na- 
kan, of Malay blood, applied 

to persons of mixed Indian 
and Malay blood. 
hu'ruf Ja'wi, the Malay charac- 

ja'ya (Sk.), victory. 
j -baig', a large shield. 

j-bat' (Ar.), musk, civet. 
mu'sarg j-bat', the civet cat. 

jel' (Eng.), prison, gaol. Cf. 

jeram, see jram. 

jeraiK, see jrarg. 

jerat, see jrat. 

jerawat, see jrawat. 

jer'jak, thin rods to which ataps 
are tied. 

jer'ki (B.) = rzki, q.v. 

jer'mal, fishing stakes. Cf. blat. 

Jer'man (Eng.), German 

jer'neh, clear, transparent (of 
liquids) ; also metaphorical- 
ly, sincere, upright. Cf. 

jerok, see jrok. 

jerumat, see jrumat. 

jerumus, see jrumus. 

j-han'nam (Ar.), hell. Cf. 

Jib'ra'il (Ar.), Gabriel. 

jijak, see jjak. 

ji'jit, ji'jit-kan (B.), to tease = 

ji'ka, if, in case, supposing that, 

provided that; also jikalau 

and kalau. 

ji-ka lau (141-144), if, in case, 
supposing that, provided 

ji-ka'lau ki'ra-nja, if perchance. 

j\-ka'lau s-ka'li-pun, even if. 

ji-l-a'Jau ti-a'da, unless. 



ji'lat, mn-ji'lat, to lick, lap (as a 
dog, or as flames). 

ji-lid' (Ar., leather), binding; 

ji'mat, careful, thrifty. 

ji'mat (Ar.), a corruption of 
'azimat, q.v. 

jin' (Ar.), a spirit: usually an 
evil spirit, demon. Cf. lian- 
iu and 'ifrit. 

ji'nak, tame, docile, domesticated, 

bold, familiar. 

ji'nak-kan, to tame, render do- 

jin'tan, caraway seed. 
jin' tan ma'nis, aniseed. 

ji'wa (Sk.), the soul. Cf. 

j'jak, ber-j'jak, footsteps, foot- 
prints: to step, tread, just 
touch with the end. Cf. 

j-las' (Ar.), settled, arranged 
(as accounts or other busi- 
ness). Cf. sudah and habis. 
j-las'kan, to settle, arrange. 

j-la'tatg, the nettle. 

jlid, see jilid. 

jl'ma (Sk.), incarnation. 

mn-jl'ma, to be incarnate, take 
a human or other form. 

j-lu'jur, basting, loose sewing. 

j-Iu'ton?, a large tree which 
yields rubber. 

j'ma'ah (Ar.), a society, com- 
pany. Cf. korgsi. 

j'ma'at' or ju'ma'at' (Ar., as- 
sembly), Friday, the day of 
ha'ri j'ma'at', Friday. 
s-j'ma'nt' , a week. 

j'man (B.), time, epoch, age = 

jm-ba'tan, a bridge, pier, wharf. 

jm'lah (Ar.), total, sum; also 

jm'lali-kan, to add up. 

j'mor, mn-j'mor, -lean, to dry in 
the sun. Cf. arginkan. 

jm'pot, mn-jm'pot, -kan, to in- 
vite ; also to hold between the 
finger and thumb. Cf. sila. 
jm'po-tan, invitation. 
o'rarg jm'po-tan, guest. Cf. 

j-mu', satiated, satisfied, wearied, 
nauseated. Cf. knryarg and 

j-na'ka, joke, pun; facetious. 
Cf. gurau and sindir. 

j-naig', the side posts of a door 
or window, or of the frame 
of a screen or partition. Cf . 

tu'top j-narg', the upper post of 
a screen or partition. 

jn-de'la (Port.), window; also 
j-ne'la. Cf. tirgkap. 

jig'kal, the span as a measure of 

j-nis' (Ar.), sort, kind, species. 

Cf. macliam and bagai. 
ber-j-nis'-j-nis' (115), all sorts. 

j-igok', mn-j-rgok', to look with 
the head protruding. 

jn't-ra (Sk.), a wheel, machin- 
ery, an engine. Cf. psawat 
and injin. 

bcr-jn't-ra, having wheels or 
machinery, revolving. 

jo'doh, pair, couple, mate, fellow. 

Cf. km bar, pasarg and jori. 
jo'doh-kan, to mate. 

jo'gan (Pers.), a standard, en- 


jo'get, dance, dancing. Cf. tari. 

Jo'hor, the name of a country at 
the south end of the Malay 

jo'Iok, mn-jo'lok, to gather fruit 
off a tree by means of a long 

Jon?', a junk. 

joig'kit, mn-jo-rg'kit, to rise at 
one end, tip up. 

jong'kok, ber-jory'kok, to squat, 
sit on one's haunches. 

jo'ri (Hind.), a pair (used of 
horses only). Cf. pasarg. 

jo'roig, tray for betel nut. 
J-pun', Japan, Japanese. 
j-ram', rapids in a river. 

j-ra'mi, straw, hay, the fibrous 
parts of certain fruits. 

j-rang', mn-j-rarg', -kan, to heat 
over a fire. Cf. diarg and 

j-rat', mn-j-rat', -kan, a noose or 
snare; to snare. Cf. rachek. 

j-ra'wat, pimples on the face. 
Cf. bisuL 

j-rit', mn-j-rit', to scream, cry 
out as in fear (of men and 
certain animals). 

j-rok' (Jav.), generic name for 
oranges, limes, etc.; usually 
I i man. Also a preserve or 
pickle made from these 

j-ru'mat, darning. 

j-ru'mus, prostrate, flat on one's 

face. Cf. tiarap. 
ter-j-ru'mus, fallen flat on one's 

jua, see juga. 
ju-ak-ju'ak, body-guard. 

ju'al, mn-ju'al, -kan f to sell. 

ber-ju'al (100), selling, en- 
gaged in the sale of. 

ber-ju'al-b-li', buying and sell- 

ju'arg, ber-ju'arg, to fight (of 
elephants and dragons). 

ju'bah (Ar.), tunic, a long outer 
garment worn by Arabs, and 
by Malays on special occa- 

ju'di (Sk.), gambling. 

ma' in ju'di, to gamble. 
ju'ga (144, 162), likewise, just, 

nevertheless, merely ; also 

ba'ik ju'ga, pretty good, just as 


b-gi'tu ju'ga, just like that. 
dm'ki-an ju'ga, just in that 


i'ni ju'ga, just now. 
sa'ma ju'ga, this very thing, 

just the same. 
ju'Iaig, mn-ju'larg, to raise up 

above the head, bear aloft in 

the hands; carry astride on 

the shoulders, toss ( as a 


ju'liiK, squint; cross-eyed. 

ju'lor, mn-ju'lor, to stretch out, 
put out, extend (the limbs, 
tongue, etc.). Cf. unjor. 

juma'at, see jma'at. 
j u ml ah, see jmlah. 

jum'pa, ber-jum'pa, to meet, 
come across a person. Cf. 


ju'igor, snout, beak (of some 
animals and birds). Cf. 

jun'joig, mn-jun'jonj, to carry 
on the head, place on the 



head in token of submission, 

hence : 
jun'joiy du'li, lit., to put the 

dust of a king's feet on one's 

head, to do obeisance. 
jun'joiy ti'tah, to obey a king's 

jun'jo-igan, the person to whom 

one does obeisance, lord; 

used in Malay writings of 


jun'tai, ber-jun'tai, hanging 
down loosely (of the legs, 
clothes, etc.). 

ju'ru, a skilled workman, au ex- 
pert; in the following ex- 
pressions : 

ju'ru b-ha'sa, an interpreter. 

ju'ru ba'iu, second mate on a 
vessel . 

ju'ru kun'chi, turnkey, stew- 

ju'ru ma'sak, a cook. 

ju'ru inu'di, steersman, quar- 

ju'ru s-la'mat, Saviour (X.). 

ju'ru iu' Us, a clerk, secretary. 

pn- ju'ru, a corner, angle. 

ju'rus, a brief interval of time. 
s-ju'rus la'ma-tya, for a mo- 

ius'ta (B.), false, untrue = dusta. 
ju'ta (Sk.) (33), a million. 

juz' (Ar.). one of the 30 portions 
into which the Koran is 


fc, a prefixed used in forming the 
ordinal numbers (34), and 
certain derived nouns (126- 

k- (27, 149),. to (usually of 


k'a'tas, on to, upwards. 

k-da'lam, into. 

k-ma'na, whither, where? 

k-ma'ri, hither. 

k-pa'da (149), to (usually of 

k-sa'na, thither, there. 

k'a'bah (Ar.), the name of the 
sanctuary in the great mos- 
quo at Mecca, the temple at 
Mecca; the temple at Jeru- 

kabar, see kliabar. 

ka'bol (Ar.), assenting, content; 

to assent, accept, agree. 
ka'bol-kan, to approve a thing. 

ka'boig, a measure of length for 
cloth: a length of white cot- 
ton material, folded and laid 
on the shoulder as a sign 
of mourning. Cf. kadut. 
per-ka'bo-iyan, mourning. 

ka'bon?, the sugar palm. 

ka'bot, mist, obscurity; obscure, 

dim, dark. Cf. kabur. 
k-lairi ka'bot,, pitch dark. 

ka'bu-ka'bu, the cotton tree 
which produces kapok. 

ka'bur, dim (of light or of the 
ej r csight). Cf. kabot. 

ka'bus, indistinct, dimly seen. 

ka'cha (Sk.), glass (the material 
of that name). Cf. chermin 
and glas. 

ka'chak, smart, neat, dapper. 
ka'chaig, beans, peas. 

kn'cliarg ben'de, "lady's fin- 
ka'cliairj go'rirg, roasted pea 


kn'chaty ka'yu, the Indian dall. 
ka'cltarg pa'raiy, a very large 



ka'cliarg parijarg, the long na- 
tive bean. 

lea' diary pen'dek, French beans. 
ka'charg ta'nali, pea nuts. 

ka'chau, m-rga'cliau, confused; 
to confuse, disturb, stir, put 
into disorder, perplex. Cf. 
ham and kochak. 
ter-ka'chau, disturbed, dis- 

ka'chip, scissors used for cutting 
up betel nut. 

ka'daig. usually ter-ka'darg or 
l~a' darg-ka' darg , sometimes. 

ka'dar (Ar.), quantity, measure, 
proportion, extent, amount. 
Also kdar. 

d'rgan ka'dar-nja, proportion- 

s-ka'dar, in proportion to, to 
the extent of. 

ka'dli (Ar.), judge, magistrate, 
marriage registrar ; usually 

ka'dut, a material of a more open 
texture than kain guni, used 
in mourning by Chinese, and 
for sails. Cf. guni and ka- 

ka'fan (Ar.), shroud; usually 

ka'in ka'fan. Also kapan. 
ka'fan-kan and ka'fa-ni, to en- 
shroud, wrap a body for 

ka ti-lah (Ar.), caravan. 

ka'fir (Ar.), unbeliever, infidel. 

kah (56-GO), an interrogative 

kahandak (126), see hndak. 

kah wah (Ar.), coffee; usually 

kah'win, ber-kah'win, marriage; 

to marry. Cf. nikah. 

i'si kah'win, dowry paid to the 
father of a bride. 

kali'win-kan, to give in mar- 

ka"il, m-rga"il, fishing line; to- 
fish with a line. 

ma'ta ka"il, fish-hook. 

ta'H ka"il, fishing-line. 

p-rga"il, a fisherman (who uses 

the line). 

ka"in, cloth, any textile fabric: 
a cloth, especially the Malay 
sarorg, q.v. 

lea" in ba'ju, " saroig " and coat,, 
one's clothing. 

ka"in ba'sa-han, bathing cloth. 

ka"in ba'tek, Javanese cotton 

ka"in b-la'chu, unbleached 

ka"in bu'rok, rags. 

lea" in gu'ni, sackcloth. Cf~ 

ka"in ha' his, fine material. 

lea" in kha'sah, a fine linen 
cloth, muslin. 

ka"in ka'dut, a coarse material 
used for mourning by Chi- 

ka 'in ka'fan, shroud. 

ka"in ka'sar, coarse material, 

lea" in k'ma'san, material woven- 
or embroidered with gold. 

ka"in sakh'lat, woollen cloth. 

lea" in s-h-lai', one " sarong." 

ka"in s-ka'yu, a roll of cloth. 

lea" in su't-ra, silk. 

bu'ka lea" in, to undress. Cf~ 


kais', to scratch (as a fowl). 
ka"it, w-rga"it, a hook; to hook^ 
ka'jari?, mats made by stitching; 
together the leaves of the- 
se -row-pine, and used to afford 
shelter from rain on boats,, 
carts, etc. Cf. biykuarg. 



ka'kak, elder sister: sometimes 
elder brother, which is usual- 
ly abarg. Cf. adek and tachi. 

kakanda, see kkanda. 

ka-ka-tu'a, cockatoo: pincers. 

ka'ki, foot, leg, base, pedestal. 
ka'ki bu'kit, the foot of a hill. 
ka'ki di'an, candlestick. 
ka'ki gu'norg, the foot of a 


ka'ki la'rgit, the horizon. 
ka'ki -iem'bok, foundations of a 

bi-na'tatg ber-ka'ki am'pat, 


b-kas' ka'ki, foot print. 
ja'lan ka'ki, to go on foot. 
ina'ta ka'ki, the ankles. 
ta'pak ka'ki, sole of the foot. 

ka'ku, stiff, unbending. 

ka'la (Sk.), time; usually in the 
phrases given below. Cf. 
wakiu, masa, zman and kali. 

a' da ka'la, sometimes. 

a' pa ka'la, when. Cf. apabila. 

d-hu'lu ka'la, formerly, in 
olden times. 

s-di'a ka'la, always, usually. 

ka'la, a generic name for scor- 

Tca'la jrg'kiig, the common 

ka'lah (B.), to lose in a conflict, 
suffer defeat = alali. Cf. in- 

ka'lam (Ar.), a pen. 

ka'latg, ru-rga'larg, to prop up 
(as a ship on a beach) ; also 

ka'lau (141, 142) = ji'ka and /t- 

ka'lau, if. 

ka-lau-ka'lau, perchance, per- 
haps, on the chance that, in 
case that. 

kal'dai, ass, donkey. 

ka'li, a time or occasion. 

ba'raiy-ka'li, perhaps. 

b-ra'pa ka'li, how often. 

k-du'a ka'h-n/a, the second 

s-ka'li, "once ; also see skali-kali. 

s-ka'li gvs', all at once, all at 
the same time. 

s-ka-li-ka'li, altogether, entire- 
ly; sometimes abbreviated to 
skalt meaning, quite, very 
(98, 94). 

s-ka'li pun' (144), even. 

s-ka'li-an, see sklian. 

ka'lis, impervious (to water). 
kalimah, see klimali. 

ka'lot, ka'lot-kan (B.), to re- 
buke, reprove. 

kam'biiK, goat. 

kam'birg bi-ri-bi'ri, sheep. Cf. 

kam'birg ran'dok, he-goat. 

kambli, see kmbli. 

kam-bo'ja (Sk.), the name of 
a tree with sweet scented 
g'tah kam-bo'ja, gamboge. 

kam'bus, ter-kam'bus, stopped 
up, choked. 

kam'guan (B.) (Chin.), satis- 
fied, willing ; to assent, agree. 

ka'mi (7), we, us (excluding the 
person or persons spoken to). 
Cf. kita. 

kam'poh, double, in duplicate; 
as a sarorg woven in half 
widths, which must be sewn, 

kam'poig, ber-kam' porg , to as- 
semble; an assembly of 
houses, a village, quarter or 
ward in a town, the grounds 


round a house. Cf. himpon 
and dusun. 

katn' 'porg-kan, to collect, cause 
to assemble. 

ka mu (6), you (usually plural) ; 
when used as a possessive 
pronoun often contracted to 
-mu (13). 

ka'mus (Ar.), dictionary. 

ka-nak-ka'nak, infant, small 

ka'nan, right; as opposed to kiri, 


sb'lali ka'nan, the right side. 
fa'rgan Ica'nan, the right hand. 

kan'chil, mouse deer = plandok. 

kan'chirg, a button, bolt, bar to 
fasten a door. 

kan'darg, an enclosure for cattle, 

stall, sheepfold, stable. Cf. 

kan'dar, m-rgan'dar, to carry 

things on the two ends of a 

I a' an, kan'dar, carrying stick. 

kan das and ter-kan'das, a- 
ground, stranded. Cf. dam- 

kan'dil (Ar.), lantern, lamp. 
Cf. pliia and targlorg. 

kan'doig, m-rgan'dorg, to carry 
in the bosom; conceive, bear 
children. Cf. kendorg. 

kan-du'ri (Pers.), a feast held 
annually at which prayers 
for the dead are said; hence 
any feast. Cf. jamu. 

kan?' and k-kaig', a horse's bit. 

Cf. lagam. 
ta'li katy', bridle. 

kaig'kaig, tcr-kaiy'karg, strad- 
dling, wide apart (of the 

kaig'korg, the name of a vege- 

kan'ii, meal or flour boiled to 
the consistency of porridge. 
Cf. bubiir and suji. 
a'yer kan'ji, gruel. 

kap, the hood of a buggy. 

ka'pak, axe. Cf. bliorg. 

ka'pal (Tarn.), ship, vessel. Cf. 

lea' pal a' pi, steamship. 
ka'pal la'yer, sailing ship. 
ka'pal p-raiy', warship. 
na'ik ka'pal, to board a ship 

from a boat. 
in' run ka'pal, to go on board a 

ship from a pier or wharf. 

kapan, see kafan. 

ka'pan (Jav.), when; usually 

ka'par, be r-ka' pa-ran, spread out 

in disorder, scattered. 
ka'par-kan, to scatter. 

ka'pas, raw cotton. Cf. kapok 

and kabu-kabu. 
ka'pi, a block, pulley. 

ka'pi-tan (Port), captain. Cf. 

ka'pok, raw cotton. Cf. kapas 

and kabu-kabu. 

ka'pur, lime; mortar, plaster. 
ka'pur ba'rus, camphor. 
ka'pur b-lan'da, chalk, crayons. 
ka'pur lii' tain, Portland ce- 

ka'pur ma'ii, slaked lime. 
ka'pur to-hor', quick-lime. 
sa'pn ka'pur, to whitewash. 
Cf. lalur. 

ka'ram, destruction, especially 
shipwreck : to founder ; some- 
times used as an imprecation. 
Cf. dam par and kandas. 



karana, see kern a. 

ka'raig, coral reef, coral rock; 

tin-bearing rock. 
Win ka'rarg, coral, coral rock. 
bu'rga ka'rarg, sponge. Cf. lu- 

ka'rarg, m-rga'rarg, to arrange, 
set in order (as flowers in 
a bouquet) : to compose (of 
written compositions). 
ka-ra'rgan, A written composi- 
tion, the setting of jewels, a 
wreath or nosegay of flowers. 
p-tga'rarg, an author. 

ka-rar' (Ar.), settled, fixed, es- 

ka'rat, rust. Cf. l)si. 
ber-ka'rat, rusty. 

ka'rib (Ar.), near (of relation- 

ka'roig, a rough sack, usually 
of matting or other coarse 
material. Cf. guni. 

karunia, see kurnia. 

ka'rut, m-rga'rut, to talk non- 

ka'sad (Ar.), intention, purpose. 
Also ksad. 

ka'sap, rough to the touch. 

ka'sar, coarse, rough, rude, im- 

ka'sau, roof, timbers. 
ka'sau jan'ian, purlins. 
ka'sau b-ti'na, rafters. 

ka'seh (148), love, affection, 
favour: to love; (in the col- 
loquial of the Settlements) 
to give (79). 

ba'las ka'seh, to return a fa- 

tnin'ia ka'seh, to ask a favour. 

t-ri'ma ka'seh- (160), to thank. 
Cf. slmkur. 

ka'se-lii, to love. 

ka'se-lian, pity, compassion. 

Cf. sayarg. 
ka-se-ha'ni and ka-se-han'kan, 

to have pity or mercy upon 

a person. 

p-iga'se-lian, affection. 
k-ka'seh-ku (126), my beloved, 

my friend. 

ka'si (in the colloquial of the 
Settlements), to give;= (Pe- 
nang) bagi. Cf. kaseli. 

ka'sim (Ar.), mutilated, cas- 
trated. Cf. kmbiri. 

k as 'rah (Ar.), the vowel sign 
corresponding to i; see baris. 

kas-tu'ri (Sk.), musk. Cf. jbat. 

ka'sut, shoes. Cf. spatu. 

ka'ta (149), ber-ka'ta, to say, 
speak. Cf. cliakap, bilarg 
and tutor. 

ka'ta-rya, he said; saying. 

s-ka'ia, assenting, concurring. 

x-pa'iali ka'ta, one word. 

ka'ia-kan, to say or tell a thing. 

per-ka'ia'an, a word, sentence. 

ka'tak, frog. Cf. kodok. 
ka'tak b-toig', bull frog. 
ka'tak pu'ru, toad. 

ka'tek, a' yam ka'tek, bantam 

ka'ti, a measure of weight = 1 J 

ka'tib (Ar.), scribe. 

ka'ti I, bedstead. Cf. impat- 
tidor, pntas and peraduan. 

ka'toig, a sea turtle. 

ka'top, m-iya'top, to shut, close. 
Cf. into p. 

kau', thou; an abbreviation of 

kau J u (B.), mean, stingy. 



kaul' (Ar.), word, sentence, say- 

kaum' (Ar.), a people, race, 

tribe, nation. Cf. barysa. 
kaum' k-lur'ga, household, fa- 
mily, all one's relations. 

kaus' ( Ar., shoes), in the phrase : 
Ic-ba'wali leans', an honorific 
title of princes, having refer- 
ence to the ancient custom of 
placing the head beneath a 
king's feet in token of sub- 
mission. Cf. junjorg. 

ka'wah, cauldron. 

ka'vval, guard, watch. Cf. jaga. 
pry-liulu Tca'wal, the comman- 
der of a guard. 
ber-ka'wal, to keep watch. 

ka'wan, comrade, companion ; 
herd, flock, company. Cf. 
tman, handai, taulan and 

k'a'wat, wire; telegram. Cf. 

kawin, see Jcahwin. 

ka'ya, rich. 

o'raig ka'ya, a title of Malay 

k-ka'ya'an, riches. 

ka-ya'igan (Jav.), the heaven 
of Hindu mythology; see 
yarg. Cf. shorga and indra. 

ka'yap, a skin disease. 

ka'yoh, m-rga'yoh, a paddle; to 

paddle a boat. 
p-rga'yoh, a paddle. 

ka'yu, wood, a tree, a log; nu- 
merical coefficient of rolls of 
cloth or other material (83). 

ka'yu a' pi, firewood. 

ka'yu a'rarg, ebony. 

ka'yu ma'nis, cinnamon. 

ba'targ ka'yu, the trunk of a- 


bu'ah ka'yu, the fruit of a tree. 
da'un ka'yu, the leaves of a 


leu' lit ka'yu, bark. 
po'lion ka'yu, a tree. 

kbajikan, see bajik. 

k-bal', rendered invulnerable (by 

k-bas', to shake in order to re- 
move dust or dirt. Cf. gon- 

k-ba'ya (Pers.), a jacket worn 
by women. 

kbiri, see kmbiri. 

k-bun', garden, plantation, or- 

tu'karg k-bun', gardener. 
ber-k-bun', to be a planter. 

k-chap', m-rg-cliap', to taste. 
k-cha'pi (Sk.), a lyre, harp. 

k-che'wa, injury, disappoint- 

k-chil'. small, little: sometimes 

pronounced k-chi", 
k-chil' dc-ri-pa'da, smaller than. 
k-chil' ha'ti, spiteful, having a 

grudge against a person. 
a'nak k-chil', an infant. 
de'ri k-chil', from childhood. 
tu'an k-chil', junior in offiee r 

master's son. 

k-chu'ak (Chin.), cockroach. 
Cf. Upas. 

k-chu-a'li, especially, particular- 
ly. Cf. istimeica. 

k-chup', a kiss. Cf. chium. 

k-chut', wrinkled, shrivelled. Cf. 
kdut and krut. 

k-dai', shop. Cf. gudarg. 
bu'ka k-dai'] to set up a shop. 



lcr-k-dai' ' , to keep a shop. 
o'ranj ber-k-dai', shopkeeper. 

k-dal', a skin disease causing 
white patches on the hands 
and feet, sometimes described 
as a form of leprosy. Of. 

k-daig', m-ty-daty', to stretch out 
(the hands). 

k-dar' and ka'dar (Ar.), quan- 
tity, measure, proportion, ex- 
tent, amount. 

d'tyan k-dar' -rya, proportion- 

s-k-dar', in proportion to, to 
the extent of. 

k-dut', a wrinkle, crease. Cf. 
kchut SLTidkrut. 

ke'chek, persuasive, coaxing, im- 

ke'chi (Eng., ketch), a small 
sailing vessel. 

ke'ju (Port.), cheese. 

ke'laig, a pair of rollers, hence a 
roller mill for sugar, tapioca, 

ke'Iek, to carry under the arm. 

ke'long, fishing-stakes; see also 

ken'doig, m-ryen'dory, to carry 

in a fold of one's clothes. 

Cf. kandorg. 

ke'peig, a small coin. 

ker'bau, buffalo. 

ker'chut, reed grass. 

ker'ja (Sk.), work, employment, 

business, festivities. 
b-ker'ja, to work, be engaged in 

business or in festivities. 
ker'ja-kan, to carry out, accom- 
plish, execute; to hold fes- 
tivities or perform cere- 
monies for a person (as mar- 

riage, circumcision or a 
funeral) ; to murder by com- 
mand of a raja, execute. 
p-ker'ja'an, work, occupation, 

ker'liig, m-rger'lirg, to look out 
of the corners of the eyes, 
give a sidelong glance. 

ker'na (Sk. karana) (140), be- 
cause, for, owing to. Cf. 

ker'sek, coarse sand; also krisek. 
Cf. pasir. 

ker'tak, kcr'tak gi'gi, to grind 
the teeth. 

ker'tas (Ar.), paper. 

ker'tas km-barg' and ker'tas 
lap', blotting paper. 

ke'sah (Ar.), tale, story, nar- 

al-ke'sah (133), a punctuation 


kha'bar (Ar.) (155, 159), news, 
tidings, information, know- 
ledge of fact. Cf. brita and 

kha'bar a'rgin, unreliable in- 
formation, false rumours. 

kha'bar ba'ik, good news. 

a' pa kha'bar, what is the news? 
the usual Malay salutation, 
the reply to which is, khabar 

su'rat kha'bar, newspaper. Cf. 

ti-a'da kha'bar a'kan di'ri-n/a, 
in a state of unconsciousness. 

kha'bar-kan, to relate, narrate, 

inform. Cf. bri tahu. 
kha'dim (Ar.), servant, attend- 

kha-la'si (Pers.), sailor. 
kha-la'yak (Ar. khala'ik), cre- 
atures, created things. 



kha-li'fah (Ar.), successor, ca- 

kha'lik (Ar.), creator. 

kha'mir (Ar.), yeast, leaven; 

fermented, leavened. 
kha'mis (Ar., fifth), Thursday; 

usually Jiari khamis. 
khanduri, see kanduri. 
kha-ran'da, see kranda. 
kha'sah, Jca'in kha'sali, muslin. 

kha'si-at (Ar.), virtue, energy, 
power to produce certain re- 
sults (as drugs, etc.) ; (B) 
k'si-at, advantage. 

khat' (Ar.), handwriting; also 
bkas targan. 

khawatir, see khuatir. 

kha tarn (Ar.), end; finished,, 

ended, concluded. 

kha'tam-kan, to finish, conclude 

(of persons who have just 

learned to read the Koran) -. 

kha' tan ( Ar. ) , circumcision ; 

usually sunat. 
Tcha'tan-kan, to circumcise. 

kha tib (Ar.), preacher, the per- 
son who reads the khutbah 
in a mosque. 

kha-za'nah (Ar. Jchizanat), 
treasure house. 

khe'mah (Ar.), tent, taber- 

khi-a'nat (Ar.), treachery, per- 

khid'mat (Ar.), service. 

khi'laf (Ar.), contradiction, 
error, mistake. Of. silap. 

khizanat, see khazanah. 

khu-a'tir (Ar. khawatir}. an- 
xiety, apprehension, anxious 
thought; also kuatir. 

khur'ma (Pers.), dates. 

khutbah (Ar.), discourse, ser- 
mon read in mosques on 

ki-a mat (Ar.), resurrection; 

usually kbargkitan. 
lia'ri ki-a' mat, the resurrection 

ki'an, thus, so, found chiefly in 

its derivatives : 
ar'ki-an (133). then. 
dm'ki-an, thus. 
k-la'ki-an (133), moreover. 
s-ki'an, so much, so many. 

ki'as (Ar.), comparison, analogy, 
syllogism, example. Cf. 'iba- 

ki'bar, to flutter in the air (as a 

ki'bas, m-rgi'bas, to swing to and 

fro (trans.). Cf. goyaiy. 
da'yorg ki'bas, a two-bladed 

kib'Iah (Ar., facing, opposite 

to), the direction in which 

Mohammedans face when 


ki'chu, m-iqi'cliu, to deceive, 
cheat: usually tipu. 

ki'dal, left-handed. 

ki'jan?, a small deer. Cf. .kan- 
chil, plandok and rusa. 

ki'kir, a file, rasp : stingy, mean. 

ki'kis, m-rgi'kis, to scraj>. 
scratch. Cf. garok and ///- 

ki'lat, lightning; brilliancy; glit- 
tering, shining. Cf. pfir 
and gilarg. 

ki'lau, ki-lftii-ka'lau-an, glitter- 
ing, brilliant, reflecting light. 



ki'lir, to sharpen. Cf. a*ah. 
kim'kha (Pers.), damask. 
ki'pas, a fan. 

ki'ra, m-rgi'ra, to reckon, calcu- 
late, guess, think, suppose. 
Cf. hitorg- and bilaig. 

ki-ra-ki'ra, accounts, calcula- 
tions; about, nearly, more or 
less. Cf. Ibeh-kura-rg. 

~ki'ra-iya, pray, prithee (in 
prayers or requests) ; per- 
chance, in the phrase jika- 
lau kira-rya, if perchance; 
also s-kira-rya. 

kir'bat (Ar.), water-skin; see 

ki'ri, left, as opposed to Italian, 


sb'lah ki'ri, the left side. 
ta'rgan ki'ri, the left hand. 

ki'rim, m-rgi'rim, -kan, -i. to 
send (things not persons). 
Cf. hantar. 

ki'ri-man, the thing sent. 

su'rat ki'ri-man, a letter. 

kisah, see kesah. 

ki'sar, m-rgi'sar, to turn, cause to 

revolve horizontally, as a 

millstone. Cf. putar and 


ba'tu. ki'sa-ran, a millstone. 

Cf. gilirg. 
ber-ki'sar, to revolve. 

ki-si-ki'si, trellis-work. 

k is' mat (Ar.), fate. 

kis mis (Pers.), raisins. 

ki'ta ((>), we, us (including the 
person or persons spoken to). 
Cf. kami. 

ki'tab (Ar.). a book, especially 

religious works. 
i'si ki'tab, contents of a book. 
Cf. daftar. 

k-jam', m-rg-jam', to close the 
eyes; also pjain. 

k-jap', a wink, the blinking of 

the eyes. Cf. klip, 
s-k-jap', an instant. 

k'jar, in-tg'jar, to pursue, chase. 
Cf. hambat. 

k-ji', base, vile, mean, despicable. 

Cf. hina. 
k-ji'kan, to despise, slight. 

k-jot', to be startled, start. 
ter-k-jot', startled. 
k-jotkan, to startle, arouse 
from sleep. 

k-kal', durable, permanent, con- 
tinual, eternal. Cf. baka 
and lama. 
k-Jcal'kan, to perpetuate. 

k-kan'da, elder brother or sister 
(polite form of kakak). 

k-karg' and kaig', a horse's bit, 

Cf. 1 again, 
ta'li k-karg', bridle. 

kkaseh, see kaseli. 

k-la'bu, grey. 

k-Ia'dak, dregs, sediment. 

k-la'di, the yam; also u'bi k-la'dL 
Cf. kle'dek. 

k-Ia'hi, ber-k-la'hi, to fight, quar- 
per-k-la'lii-an, quarrel, fight. 

k-lak', a participle expressing 
the future tense, sometimes 
used in conjunction with 
akan, q.v. 

k-Ia'ki-an (133), a punctuation: 

word: see kian. 
k-lam', dark; darkness. Cf. 

k-lam' ka'bot, thick darkness. 

thick fog. 
k-lam bu, mosquito net. 



k-la'pa (Jav.) = Malay lyiur, 
the coco-nut tree. 

a'i/cr k-la'pa, the milk of the 

l>u' all k-la'pa, a coco-nut. 

i'si k-la'pa, the meat or nutty 
part of the coco-nut. 

po'lion k-la'pa, the coco-nut 

sa'lut k-la'pa, the husk of the 

san'tan k-la'pa, the juice ex- 
tracted from the nutty part. 

k-la'si (Pers. klialaslii}, sailor. 

k-lat', acid. 

k-la'tu (B.), to rap on the head 

with the knuckle of the fore 


k-la'war, a bat. Cf. leluarg. 

k-Ie'dek, the sweet potato; this 
is considered a very inferior 
root as an article of food by 
the natives, who therefore 
use this word as an oppro- 
brious epithet; as in the 
phrase loyar kledek, a second- 
rate lawyer. 

k-Ieh', to see. 

k-Ie'waig, a short, heavy sword. 

k-li'an, a mine = galian. 

k-li'kir, la' in k-li'kir, gravel. 
Cf. kersek. 

k-li'Hig, round about, around. 

ler-k-li'linj, surrounding, a- 

k-li'li-rgi, to surround, encir- 
cle, go round. Cf. kporg. 

k-lim', hem, seam. 

k-li'mah (Ar.), word, speech, 

saying, sentence. 
k-li'mah sha-lia'dat, the Mo- 
hammedan profession of 

', nfff'ri K-lmf (Sk.), the 
eastern coast of British In- 

K-lity' is'lant, a Mahommedan 

o'ranf K-linf . tlie natives of that 
part of India, especially the 
Telugus and Tamils. 

k-lirg'kin? and ja'ri k-lity'kinj, 

the little finger. 
k-linj'kirg ka'ki, the little toe. 

k-lin'toig, a hawker. 

k-lip', ler-k-lii/,^to blink the 

eyes. Cf. kjam and kjap. 
k-lip'-k-lip', firefly. 
s-k-lip' uta'ta, the twinkling of 
an eye. 

k-Ii'ru, deception, error, mistake, 
misconception ; muddled. 

k-1-ka'tu, flying ants. 
kl-ma'rin and k-ma'rin, yester- 
day. Cf. s- mala in. 
kl-ma'rin d-liu'lu, the day be- 
fore yesterday. 
k-I-ma'yar, the phosphorescent 


k-loh', m-rg-1oli', a sigh ; to sigh. 

k-loh' k-sali', mental agitation. 

k-lom'pok, a group of persons. 

Cf. tumpok. 
k-Io'pak, a sheath, the lid of the 

eye, sheath of buds. 
k-lo'pak ma'ta, eyelid. 

k-lu', dumb, speechless; also lisu. 

k-lu'aig, a very large bat, the 

kluar, see luar. 

k-lu-ar'ga, see khirga. 

k-Iu'boig, ler-k-lu'boiy, to en- 
velop, cover up (as with a 

k-lu'piig, a scab. 



k-lur'ga (Sk.), relationship, re- 
lated to, a relative. 
kaum' k-lur'ga, relations, fa- 

k-ma'la, mythical jewels sup- 
posed to have magic qua- 
lities; usually gmala. 
k-man'tin (B.), bride = prgantin 


k-ma'rau, dry, without water. 
mu'sim k-ma'rau, the dry sea- 
k-ma'rin, yesterday; see klma- 

k-mas', ber-k-mas' ' , to pack up, 

stow away. 

Ic-mas'Tcan, to pack things up. 
km-ba'Ii, again, over again, back 
again; to return. Cf. balek 
and pularg. 
km-ba'li k^rali'mat Al'lah, to 

km-ba'li-kan, to restore, give 

back, return. 

km-barg', ber-km-barg' ', to spread, 
spread out, expand, open (as 
liquids in absorbent material, 
a dry sponge when soaked in 
water, or a flower from the 

ker'tas km-barg', blotting paper. 
km-barg' kan, to spread out (as 

a bird spreads its wings). 
km'bar, ber-km'bar, twins; in 

pairs, in triplets. 
a'nak km'bar, twins. 
ta'li km'bar ii'ga> a threefold 

km-ba'ri, to pair with or against 

(in single combat). 
km-ba'ra, m-rgm-ba'ra, to wan- 
der about. 
km-bi'ri and k-bi'ri, mutilated, 

castrated. Cf. kasim. 
a' yam km-bi'ri, a capon. 

km'b-li, baize, rough woollen 
material such as blankets aro 
made of. 

km-bo'ja (Sk.), the name of a 
tree with sweet-scented ilow- 
ers : also kamboja. 

km'borg, to swell; swollen. 
km'di-an, afterwards. 

km'di-an de-ri-pa'da, after 

(prep.}. Cf. Ipas. 
km'di-an de-ri-pa'da i'tu, after 

k-me'ja (Port.), shirt. 

k'mn-iyan, benzoin, used as in- 
cense by the Malays. 

km'pas, a hard-wood tree. 

km'pis, deflated, collapsed (as a 
bicycle tyre). 

k-mu'di, rudder. 
ju-ru-mu'di, steersman, quar- 

k-mun'chak, top. apex, summit 
(of masts, roofs, hills, etc.). 

k-mu'nirg, a tree with wood 
similar to boxwood, heaving 
sweet-scented flowers. 

k'na, m-rg'na (77), to hit a 

mark, get, incur, as in the 

following phrases : 
k'na dn'da, to be fined. 
k'na fit'nah, to be slandered. 
k'na liu'jan, to get wet in the 


k'na hu'kum, to get punished. 
k'na lu'ka, to get a wound. 
k'na ma'lu. to be disgraced. 
k'na pu'kol, to get beaten. 
k'na rit'gi, to incur loss. 
k'na sa'kit, to fall sick. 
k'na sek'sa, to get punished. 
k'na ti'kam, to be stabbed. 
k'na -kan, to apply, put on (as 

clothes, plasters or anything 

externally applied) . 



k-na!' (62), in-iy-ml' , -i, to 
know a person, be acquainted 
with, recognise. Cf. tatiu. 
k-na' Ian, an acquaintance, a 
person with whom one is ac- 

k-nan , ber-k-nan', pleased, satis- 
fied, satisfactory, agreeable. 
per-k-mn'kan, to satisfy, please 
(a person). 

k-natg', fti-rg-narg' , -lean, to call 
to mind, recall, remember. 
Cf. irgat. 

k-na'pa, why? see apa. 

kn-chaig', stretched tight, stiff. 

Cf. -trek, 
a'rgin kn-charg', a stiff breeze. 

kn'chiig, to urinate. 

kn dak, a concubine, paramour. 

kn-da'ra, m-rgn-da'ra, -i, to ride 
on a horse or other animal. 
Cf. naik and turggarg. 
kn-da'ra' an, mount, riding 
horse or other animal. Of- 
ten misspelt k'indra'an; see 

kn'di (Sk.), a small earthenware 
jar for carrying water in. 

kndiri, see diri. 

kn'dur, slack (of ropes, etc.). 
kn'dur-kan, to slack up, lower 
away (ropes). 

knduri, see kanduri. 

k-niig', the brow. 

bu'lu k-nirg' , the eyebrows. 

k-ni'sah (Ar.), church, syna- 
gogue ; usually greja. 

kn-iyarg', .satiated, satisfied with 

food. Cf. jmu and puas. 
kn-ryarg'kan, to satiate. 

kn'tal, thick, glutinous (of 
fluids) ; as opposed to cha'ir, 
q.v. Cf. pkat. 

kn'taig, potato. 
kn'tut, to break wind. 
ko'bis, cabbage. 

ko'chak, ber-ko'chak, to be in a 
state of agitation (of fluids 
or of the mind). Cf. kaehau. 

ko'chek, pocket. 
ko'di, a score. 

ko'dok, a frog, a toad. Cf. 

ko'doig, maimed. 
kok', a yoke. 
ko'koh, firm, steady. 

ko'Iam (Sk.), lake, pond. Cf. 
danau and tasek. 

ko'lek, the Malay canoe, propel- 
led by paddles and sails and 
carrying one or more men. 

kom'ha, bu'ronj kom'ba (B.), 

ko'meig, undeveloped, dwarfed. 

kom'pa-ni, the old East India 
Company, hence the local 
Government in the Straits. 

koig'si (Chin.), a society, as- 
sociation, company. Cf. 
jma'ah and skutu. 

ko'nun, it is said, it is reported; 
probably, possibly. 

ko'pek, to pull off, pick off in 

ko'pi, coffee. 

ko-pi'ah, cap. Cf. clipiau and 

ko'r'an' (Ar.), the Koran, the 
sacred book of the Moham- 

kor'ban (Ar.), offering, sacrifice, 



ko'rek, m-igo'rek, to scrape, 
scratch or dig with a sharp 
instrument. Cf. gerek. 
iko'song, empty, hollow. Cf. 

hut i HI and roiyga. 
p-rot' ko'sorg, starving, famish- 
ru'mali ko'sory, an uninhabited 

ta' nali ko'sorg, uncultivated 


ko'sorg-kan, to empty. 
Iko'ta (Sk.), a fort, fortress, forti- 
fied town. Cf. kubu and 

ko'tak, compartments or di- 
visions in a box or drawer. 
*a HI 'pan ko'tak, a small Chinese 
boat with lockers in the stern. 

Iko'tor, dirty, filthy. Cf. chmar. 
ko'tor-kan, to dirty, soil. 

fco'yak, m-rgo'yak, -kan, to tear, 
rend. Cf. charek. 

iko'yan* a measure of capacity = 
40 pikuls; see end of Gram- 

.ko'yok (B.) (Chin.), plaster 

k-pada, see k-. 

k-pak', wing. Cf. sayap. 

Jc-pa'Ia (Sk.), head, chief, head- 
man, top. Cf. hulu. 

k-pa'la ci'rgin, scatter-brained. 

k-pa'la kam'porg, village head- 

k-f:n'la sn'rat, the heading of a 

k-jia'la s it's u, cream. 

Ifin'tug k-pa'la, to rack one's 

la'tu k-pa'la, the crown of the 
head, the cranium. 

chn'kai k-pa'la, poll-tax. 
f k-pa'la, giddiness. 

sa'kit k-pa'la, headache, 
kpalarg, see alary. 

k-pa'ya, lu'ah k-pa'ya, the pa- 
paya fruit. 

k-pi-a'lu, in the phrase: 

d-inam' k-pi-a'lu, continued 

k-piig', a piece; numerical co- 
efficient of thin flat things 
(84). Cf. krat. 

k-pit', m-vg-pit', to carry under 
the arm. 

k-pi'tiig, a kind of crab. 

k-pok', a box made of thin 
material such as cardboard; 
a rice bin. 

k-poig', m-rg-porg' , to surround, 
encompass, besiege. Cf. 

k-pul f , ber-k-pul-k-pul' , in clouds 
(as smoke). 

k-ra', a long-tailed monkey. 

k-ra'bu, ear ornaments of the 
shape of buttons. Cf. an- 

k-rah', m-ty-rah', -kan, to muster, 
send orders for levies to pre- 
pare or assemble for an ex- 

k-rak', the burnt crust which ad- 
heres to the pot or pan when 
slightly overcooked. 
k-rak' nafsi, rice which adheres 
to the pot after boiling. 

k-ram', mrg-rairi , to brood (of 

k-ra'mat (Ar.), marvel, prodigy; 
worthy of veneration; especi- 
aly tombs of saints or re- 
markable persons, trees, or 
other natural objects, to 
which votive offerings are 



k-ran', a small wasp. 

k-ra'na, see Jcerna. 

k-ran'da (Sk.), coffin; also lory. 

k-raig', a shell fish, cockles. 

k-ra'ni, clerk. 

k-ran'jang;, a large basket, crate. 

Cf. bakul. 

k-ran'ji, a timber tree. 
k-rap', often, frequently: also 

Jc-rap e ka'li. 
k-rar' and ka'rar (Ar), settled, 

fixed, established. 
k-ras', hard, stiff, severe, diffi- 

k-ras' ha'ti, hard hearted. 
k-ras' Ic-pa'la, obstinate. 
k-ras' pren'tah-rya, he rules with 


a'rgin k-ras' ' , a strong wind. 
a'yer k-ras', spirituous liquors. 
bu'ah k-ras'. the candle-nut. 
pu'kol k-ras', to strike hard. 
k-ra'si, to force, compel. Cf. 


k-ras' kan, to increase the sever- 
ity or intensity of a thing. 
k-k-ra'san, hardness, compul- 

k-rat', m-rg-rat', -kan, to cut, cut 
off, amputate. Cf. prggal. 
s-k-rat', a piece, a part. 
k-ra'tan, a piece cut off. 

k-ra'waig, open work such as 
carving, crochet or lace. 

k-re'ta (Port.), carriage, cart. 

k-re'ta a' pi, railway, tram. 
: k-re'ta Horg-korg', jinrikisha. 

k-re'ta le'rcirj, a bicycle. 

k-re'ta Im'bu, bullock cart. 

k-re'ta pos', mail cart. 

k-re'ta se'iva, a hackney car- 
riage, gharry. 

k-re'ta som'boig, express train. 

k-re'ta ta'rek, hand cart. 
na'ik k-re'ta, to ride in a car- 
k-ri'au, to scream (Peiiang). 

k-riiK', dry. 

ba'tok k-rirg', consumption. 
i'kan k-rirg', dried fish. Cf. 

k-k-ri'igan, dried up. 

k-ris', the Malay dagger or 


hu'lu k-ris', the hilt of a kris. 
hu'nus k-ris', to draw the kris 

from the sheath. 
ma'ta k-ris', the blade of a kris> 
sa'rorg k-ris', the sheath of a 

krisek, see kersek. 

k-ri'tiig, curly (of hair). Cf-. 


k-ris'ten (Eur.), Christian. 
k-rig'ga, a very large red ant. 

k-roh', muddy, thick, dirty (of 
liquids or colours). 

k-ron'choig, bangles with tink- 
ling bells attached. 

k-roi^'koig, the throat, wind- 
pipe. Cf. lehir. 

k-ro'saig, brooch. 

k-ru'mun, ber-k-ru'mun, to as- 
semble, come together,, 
swarm, throig. Cf. himpon- 
and kumpol. 

krusi, see kursi. 

k-rut', ber-k-rut', wrinkled. Cf.. 
kchut and kdut. 

k-sad' and ka'sad (Ar.), inten- 
tion, aim, object, purpose^ 
Cf. kahandak. 

ksah, see kloh. 

k'si-at (B.), advantage: see 


Jcs-tu'ri (Sk.), musk; see kas- 


k-su'ma (Sk.), a flower. 
k-ta'geh, craving (e.g. for 


fc-tam', a crab. Cf. kpitirg. 
k-tam', a small knife with which 

rice is harvested; a carpen- 
ter's plane. 
k-ta'paig, the Indian almond 

k-tat', tight fitting. Cf. loiy- 


"k-ta'wa, to laugh ; see tertawa. 
k-tr (Sk.) (33), one hundred 

"k-ti'ak, armpit. 

k-ti'ka (Sk.), time, period, mo- 
ment; also kutika. 

k-ti'ka. yaiy ba'ik, a favourable 


pa'da k-ti'ka i'iu, at that time. 
s-k-ti'ka la'ma-rya, a moment, 

a short time. 

k-tiig', the leg below the calf. 
m-rg-tirg', to hamstring. 

k-tok', m-ry-tok' (146), to knock, 

rap. Cf. tpok. 
ber-k-tok', to cackle. 
p--rg-tok', a knocker, mallet, 


k-to'poig, helmet. 
k-tul', a lump, a loaf. 

k-tu'pat, rice cooked in an en- 
velope of palm leaf. 

ku' (13), possessive pronoun of 
the first person; also used as 
an abbreviation of aku when 
immediately preceding a 
verb of which it is the sub- 

ku-ah/, gravy, sauce. 

ku'ak, m-rgu'ak, to low, bellow 
(of cattle). 

ku-a'Ia, the mouth of a river 
where it enters the sea or 
flows into another river. 

ku-a'Ii, a cooking pot or pan, of 
iron or earthenware. Cf. 


ku-a'sa (Sk.), power, strength, 
authority, attorney. Cf. 

b-ri' ku-a'sa, to empower, au- 

ma'lia ku-a'sa, almighty. 

su'rat ku-a'sa, power of attor- 

ku-at' (Ar.), strength, force, 

power; strorg. Cf. kuasa. 
ku-at'kan, to strengthen. 
k-ku-a'tan, strength. 

kuatir, see khuaiir. 

ku'baig, ber-ku'barg, a wallow; 
to wallow. 

ku'bu, a ramjiart, parapet, earth- 
work, stockade, fort. Cf. 

bentem and kota. 

-i ii x 

ku'bur (Ar.), tomb, sepulchre. 
ku'bur-kan, to bury, inter. Cf. 

p-ku'bu-ran, cemetery, burial 


ku'chai (Chin.), garlic. 
ku'chiig, cat. 

ku'chirg blan'da, rabbit. 
ku'rhirg hu'tan, wild cat. 
a'nak ku'chirg, kitten. 
ku'chup, a kiss ; also lechup. Cf. 

ku'da, a horse; the trusses sup- 
porting a roof; one of the 
pieces in the game of chess; 
see chat in: 
ku'da ja-hat', a vicious horse. 



Tcu'da k-cliil' , pony. 
ku-da-ku'da, tressles. 
Tcu'da p-na'kot, a timid horse. 
barg'sal ku'da, stable. 
b-si' ku'da, horse shoes. 
na'ik ku'da, to ride on horse : 


pa'kai-an ku'da, harness. 
turg'garg ku'da, to ride on 


ku'dis, mange. 

kudoig, see kodorg. 

ku'd-rat (Ar.), might., power; 

generally used of God. Of. 

ku'dus (Ar.), holy. Cf. al- 

ku'dus-kan, to consecrate. 

ku-eh', cakes, confectionery, pud- 
kui' (B.) (Chin.), to kneel. 

ku-is , to kick aside, move with 
the foot. 

ku'jut, m-rgu'jut, to strangle. 
ku'ki (Eng.), cook. Cf. masak. 

ku'koh, firm, steady. 

ku'koh-kan, to fortify. 
ku'kok, the crowing of a cock. 

ber-iku'kok, to crow, 
ku'ku, finger-nail, toe-nail, claw, 


ku'kus, to steam. 
ku'lai, hanging loose like a bro- 
ken arm. 
ku'lat, mushroom, fungus. Cf. 


ku'li, labourer, cooly. 
ku'li po' (B.), female servant. 
ku'lit, skin, leather, bark, shell. 
: ku'lit ka'yu, the bark of a tree. 

ku'lit ma'nis, cinnamon, 

ku'lit t-lor' ', eggshell. 

ku'li-ti, to skin, flay. CI. ///- 

ku'lom, to suck or move about in 

tlie mouth (as lozenges m- 

ku'Iop (Ar.), foreskin; 1111- 


Kul /.um (Ar.), in the phrase: 
la'ut Kul'zum, the Red Sea. 
ku'man, a small parasitic insect. 
kum'baig, a beetle, humble bee. 
ku'mis (Jav.), moustache. Cf. 


ku'mor, ber-ku'mor, to rinse the- 

kum'pol, m-rgum'pol, -lean, to- 
gather together, collect. Cf. 
himpon and kruinun. 
bcr-kum'pol, to assemble, meet,. 


per-kum' po-lan , a s s e m b 1 y r 
, crowd. 

kun'chi (Sk.), lock, key. 
kun'chi marg'ga, padlock. 
a'nak kun'chi, key. 
i'bu kun'chi, lock. 
ju-ru-Tcun'chi, steward. 
lo'barg kun'chi, keyhole. 
ter-kun'chi, locked. 
kun'chi-kan, to lock. 

kun'chop, shut up, folded up. 
not yet opened (of flower.- 
and buds). Cf. kmbai;i. 

kun'dai, chignon, the hair of the- 
head -twisted into a knob at 
the back. 

ku'niig, yellow. 

kun'iyit, saffron. 

b-ras' kun'njit, rice stained with 

onf, in the form : 
s-kun'n/oiy-kun'njo>y, suddenly^ 



kun'tau (Chin.), boxing. 

kun'tum or ku'tum, a bud; 
numerical coefficient of flow- 
ers (84). 

kunun, see konun. 

ku'paig, a measure of weight for 
gold; (Penang) a coin =10 

ku'paig, a kind of shellfish, a 


ku'pas, m-rgu'pas, to peel, skin 
(fruits or animals). Cf. 
kit Jit. 
ku'pirg (Jav.), ear; usually t- 


ku-pu-ku'pu, butterfly. 
ku'ra, the spleen. 

d-main' ku'ra, intermittent 

ku-ra-ku'ra, tortoise. 

ku-ra-ku'ra ka'ki, the instep. 
kur'an, see kor'an. 
ku'rarg (3.9, 90), less, lacking, 

.ku'rarg 'a'dat, ill-mannered, 

ku'rarg a' jar, ill-mannered, 


Tcu'rarg 'a'kal, stupid, idiotic. 
Tcu'rarg ba'ik, inferior, bad. 
ku'rarg b-ha'sa, impolite. 
ku'rarg bi-a'sa, unaccustomed. 
ku'rarg hor'mat, disrespectful. . 
ku'rarg ja'ga, careless. 
Tcu'rarg ku-at' ' } too weak, not 

. strong enough. . 
ku'rarg per-cha'ya, suspicious. 
ku'rarg p-rek'sa, I don't know. 
ku'rarg ta'jam, blunt. 
s-ku-rarg-ku'rarg, at least. 
ku'rarg-kan, to reduce, di- 

k-ku~ra'rgan, lacking, in want 
of ; want, deficiency. 

ku'rap, ringworm. 
kurban, see korban. 
kurma, see khurma. 

kur'ni-a (Sk.) (149), favour, 
grace, a gift from God or a 
king. Cf. anugrah, 
kur'ni-a-kan, to give (as a king 
or God). 

ku'roig, m-iyu'rorg,'a,n enclosure, 
enclosed place, cabin, prison ; 
to enclose, imprison. 
kii-ro'rgan, a prison, cage. Cf. 

kursaig, see krosarg. 

kur'si or k-ru'si (Ar.), a chair, 

throne. Cf. takhta. 
ku'rus, thin, lean. 
ku'sa (Sk.), a goad. 
ku'sin (Chin.), plant louse, 


kus'ta (Sk.), leprosy. 
ku'sut, tangled, in disorder, in 

kutika, see ktika. 
ku'tip, m-rgu'.tip, to pick up, 

gather up. 
ku'tok, m-rgu'tok, -kan, -4, a 

curse; to curse. 
kutom, see kiintom. 
ku'tu, a louse. 

ku'tu an'jirg, a flea. 
ku'tu bu'sok, a bed-bug. 
ku'tu Im'bu, a tick. 
ku'yop, ba'sah ku'yop, wringing 


la'ba (Sk.), gain, profit. 

la-ba-la'ba, spider. 

la'boh, m -I a' ball, -kan, to haig 
down, let down (as clothes, 
curtains, nets, anchors, etc.). 



ber-la'boh, to anchor. 
la'bo-han, anchorage. 
la'bu, pumpkin, gourd. 
la'hur, in its derivative : 
p-la'bur, rations, supplies serv- 
ed out. 
la'chi (D.), a drawer = (B.), 

la 'da, pepper. 

la da me' rah, red pepper, cayen- 
ne pepper. Cf. chdbai. 
la'da pu'teh, white pepper. 
la'da chi'na, the chili, red pep- 
per. Cf. chabai. 
la'daig, cultivated fields, dry 
rice fields, as opposed to sa- 
wah, q.v. Cf. bndaiy and 
hum a. 

la'ga, ber-la'ga, to collide, strike 
together (of large bodies, as j 
animals fighting). 
la'gam, a horse's bit. Cf. karg. 
la'gi (40, 89), more, still, yet, 


la'gi lii'dop, still alive. 
la'gi s-ka'li, once more. 
a' pa la'gi, what else, how much 

the more. 

b-lum' la'gi, not yet. 
b-ra'pa la'gi, how many more. 
s-la'gi, as long as, while. 
s-di'kit la'gi, a little more. 
la'gu, tune, 

lah' (3 b), an expletive suffix 
which is usually joined to 
the verb or some emphatic 
word in a sentence. 
la'hir (Ar. tla'hir), visible, out- 
ward, exoteric ; as opposed to 
batin, inward. 
lai, numeral coefficient of thin or 

flat objects; also lilai. 
la'in, other, different; exclusive 
of; difference. 

m-la' in-lean, but, on the con- 
trary, on the other hand. 
Cf. hanja. 
ler-la'in-an, diverse, differing 

la'jak, go forward, push ahead 

(as a boat). 

la'ju, rapid, moving swiftly (as 
boats, carriages, etc.). Cf. 
la'ki, husband. 

la ki bi'ni, husband and wife. 
la-ki-la'ki (87), male, mascu- 
line = (B.) dlaki. Cf. jan- 
ber-la'ki, having a husband 

married (of women). 
ber-la'ki-kan, to marry, be mar- 
ried to (of women). 
lak'sa (Sk.) (33), ten thousand, 
lak-sa-ma na (Sk.), admiral. 
lak-sa'na (Sk.), like, resembling. 
la'ku, ber-la'ku, action, conduct, 
style, manner of doing a 
thing ; to take place, happen, 
occur, pass current, sell 
s-la'ku i'ni, in this manner, 


la'ku-kan, to bring to pass, exe- 
cute, carry out. 

la'ku-kan di'ri, to behave one- 
self, comport oneself, act. 
k-la'ku-an, behaviour, action. 
la'lai, a state of semi-conscious- 
ness ; hence, listless, careless, 
ter-la'lai, in a semi-conscious 


la'lai-kan, to neglect, dis- 
la'laig, a very coarse grass. 

la'lu la'larg, to pass and repass. 
la'lat, the common house-fly. 
ta'lii la'lat, moles, freckles. 



la'Iu, to pass, be past; past, ago, 

after that, then (138). 
la'lu la'larg, to pass and repass. 
a' da ti'ga ha'ri la'lu, three days 


Ix'r-ja'lan la'lu, to pass by. 
pu'kol ti'ga la'lu,, past three 


s-la'lu, always. 
ta'hun la'lu, last year. 
ter-la'lu, very, extremely. 
la'lu-i, to pass by a thing, go 

past, overlook, disregard. 

la'ma, long (of time), length of 

time, duration, old, former, 

ancient. Cf. tua. 
la-ma-la' ma, la'ma k-la'ma'an, 

after some time, finally. 
la'ma su'dali, a long time ago. 
. bi'ni la'ma, a former wife. 
b-ra'pa la'ma, how long ? 
pa'kai-an la'ma, old clothes. 
3-la'ma, as long as, while. 
s-la-ma-la'ma-rya, for ever. 
s-ta'hun la'ma-rya, for a year, 

a year's duration. 

lam'bai, m-lam'bai, -lean, to 


lam'bai-kan ta'rgan, to make a 
sign by waving the hand. 
Cf. isharat. 

lam 'bat, slow, tardy, dilatory, 
late, too late. Cf. lergah 
and iewat. 
lam'bat-kan, to retard. 

lam'boig, side, flank. 

latn'botg, m-lam'l)org, to toss in 
the air, bound up and down. 

lamin, see plamin. 

lam'pau, m-lam'pau, exceeding, 
beyond, excessive; to exceed, 
go beyond. 

ler-lam'pau, excessively, too 
much, very=(B.) ter-lam- 

lam'pin, swaddling-clothes; also 
kain lam pin. 

lam'poig, light, bulky for its 

weight (of wood). 
lam pu (Eng.), lamp. Cf.plita. 

la mun, in case, in the event of, 


la'mun ja'rgan, for fear that, 

1'a'nat (Ar.), curse, imprecation, 
damnation. Cf. sumpah and 
I'a'nat-kan, to curse. 

lan'char, rapid, fluent (especial- 
ly of speech). Cf. paseh. 
ba'cha lan'char, to read fluently. 

lan'chorg, false, counterfeit, 

lan'dak, the porcupine. 

bu'lu lan'dak, the quills of the 
porcupine ; when removed 
from the animal they are 
known as duri landak. 

lan'das, in its derived form: 
lan'da-san, an anvil. 

laig', a generic name for birds of 

the hawk tribe. 
la'rgau, a large horsefly. Cf. 


. Iai'gai, iurq'garg larg'garg, hel- 
ter-skelter, head over heels. 
laig'gar, m-larg'gar, to attack, 
assail, assault, contend 
against, violate a command, 
Cf. lawan. 

lairj'gar 'a'dat, to violate a cus- 
larg'gar b-ha'sa, to transgress 

the rules of etiquette. 
lanj' gar hu'kum, to violate the 


la'igir, m-la'jgir, -i, cosmetics 
used in bathing; to use such 
cosmetics in bathing. 



la' (git, the sky, heavens. 

la-n/it-la'-tgit, ceiling, the roof 

of the mouth. 
ka'ki la'rgit, the horizon. 

Iai kah, m-lan/'kah, -i, a pace, 
a step; 'to step, step over. 

laig'kan (B.) (Chin.)., open 

space round the chimche". 
laigkap, see Irgkap. 

lat^'sat, the name of an edible 

latg'si, door curtains, portiere. 

Iain's on?, outright, for good and 
all ; also sometimes = lalu, 
especially in Penang and 

lan'jur, t-lan'jur, lengthy, pro- 
tracted; (B.) tlariju, during, 

ka'ta su'dah t-lan'jur, "the 
murder's out." 

Ian jut, long (of lime or of a 
story), of loig duration, pro- 
tracted. Cf. lama and pan- 
lan'jui-kan, to prolong. 

lan'tai. floor, also the laths 
(usually of the niborg paim) 
of which Malays make their, 
pa' pan lan'tai, floor boards. 

lan'tak, m-lan'tak, to drive in, 

p-lan'tak, ramrod. 

lan'tas (Jav.), thereupon, then 
= Malay lalu. 

lan'tek, m-lan'tek, to install, in- 
vest, inaugurate (princes and 
high officials). 

la'iyak, m-la'tyak, to trample, 
tread down. 

lap', lap' lean, to absorb. 
ker'tas. lap', blotting paper. 

la'pah, to flay. 

Japan, see dlapan. 

Ia'pai>j, broad, extensive, spaci- 
ous, wide. Cf. lebar and 

la'par, ber-la'par, hunger; to he- 
Tc-la' pa-ran , famine. 

Ia'pe n (B.) (Chin.), balcony 

open to the sky. 
la'pis, fold, layer (81). 

ba'jit du'a la'pis, two mat>. 

worn one over the other. 
piu'ta fit' joh la'pis. seven doors- 
or gates in succession. 

la'pok, mould, mildew. 

la'raig, m-la'raty, -lean, to forbid, 
prohibit, Cf. tgah and pan- 

la-ra'iyan, contraband, tluit 
which is tabooed or prohibit- 

la'ras, barrel of a gun. 

la'rat, m-la'rat, to spread, ex- 
tend; to drift (of clouds., 
ships when their anchors- 
drag, etc.). 

Ta'rek, to turn on a lathe. 

p-la'rek, lathe. 
la'ri, ber-la'ri, to run, run away r 

flee, escape. 

ba'ira la'ri, to run away with. 
la'ri-kan, to cause to run, run 
away with, run off with r 
: kidnap. 
. p~la'ri, fugitive, runaway. 

p-la'ri-an, escape. 
lash'kar (Pers.), soldier, army; 
sailor. Cf. soldado and kha- 

la'ta (Sk;). m-la'ta, to creep. 
crawl (of plants and an- 


la'tah, a nervous affection, the 
symptoms of which are some- 
what similar to the effects of 

la"uk, the food which is eaten 
with rice whether meat, fish 
or vegetables. 

la"ut, the sea. 
la" tit a' pi, hell. 
ba'rat la"ut, north-west. 
ti'nior la"ut, north-east 
nt-la"ut, to go out to sea (as 

river fish). 
la"u-tan, the ocean. 

la' wan, ber-la'ii-ttn, adversary, 
rival; to contend, strive, 
compete. Cf. laiygar. 
Dt-la'u'an, to oppose, resist, 
withstand ; opposed t o , 

la'wat, m-la'icat, to visit. 

la yak (Ar.), worthy, fit, proper. 

la'yan, m-la'yan, -i, to serve, 

wait upon, minister to. 
p-la'yan, a servant. 

la'yaig, m-la'yanj, to soar, hover. 
. la-yarg-la'yarg, a kite. 

ber-ma'in la-yanj-la'yarg, to fly 
a kite. 

bu'rory la-yatg-la'yarg, a swal- 

m-rgan'jory la-yary-la'yarg, to 
throw a kite up in the air. 

la'yarg-kan su'rat, a poetic ex- 
pression for sending a letter. 

la'yer, a sail. 

bu'ka la'yer, to set a sail. 
i'kat la'yer, to furl sail. 
b-la'yer (98), to sail, set .-ail, 

start on a voyage. 
la'ycr-l-nn. to sail (a vessel). 
p-ia'ye-ran, voyage. 

la'yu, withered ; to wither, fade. 

la'zat (Ar.), pleasure, delight,. 
enjoyment (of a sensual 
kind) ; pleasant to the senses, 

la'zim (Ar.), indispensable; 
hence, in common use, com- 
mon; also kla'ziman. 

I'bah, bee. 

sa'rarg I' bah, hone}'-comb, a 
bee's nest. 

l-bai', a mosque attendant. 

I -bam', discoloured, as the result 

of a bruise. 

bi'ru l-bam 1 ' , black and blue. 
l-bat', thick, dense, heavy (as- 
foliage, insects or rain). Cf. 

1'beh (89), more, more than; sur- 
plus. Cf. lagi. 
I'beli d-liu'lu, previously. 
I'beh ku'rairj, more or less. Cf. 


s-l-beli-l'beli-rya, at the most. 
ter-1'leh (93, 94), most, very. 
l'b<-li-l:an, to make more of,. 
aggrandize, consider of more 

k-1'be-lian, excess, superiority. 
1-bu', dust. Cf. dbu and habok. 
1-bur', m-l-bur', to melt or fuse 

metals, smelt. 
Is -1-bu' ran, abyss, chasm. 
le'bar, wide, broad; breadth (36 r 
!Xote). Cf. lapaig and hias. 
le'cheh, protracted, slow, linger- 

le'chek, m-le'clu'l-, to crush by a 
grinding motion, under the 
foot or in a vessel. 
le'hir, neck, throat (external). 

Cf. Jcroigkoni. 
ba'taig le'hir, the neck. 
cli-l-ei-' le'hir, to throttle. 
p-lol-' le'hir, to embrace. 
po'torg le'hir, to cut the throat. 



le'ka, dawdliig. 

le'kor, a word which may be 
used to form the numerals 
from twenty-one to twenty- 
nine. Cf. bias. 

du'a le'Tcor, twenty-two. 

s-le'kor, twenty-one. 

le'la, a swivel-gun. 

le'leh, m-le'leli, to flow, run (as 
liquids). Cf. Unary andaZtr. 

le'loig (Port.), auction. 

le'lorg-kan, to sell by auction. 

lem'bak, m-lem'bak, overflow- 
ing; to overflow. 

lem'pah, m-lem'pah, abounding, 
abundant, plentiful ; t o 

h' in' pali-kan, to give liberally, 

Ic-leni'pa-lian, abundance. 

lem'par, m-lem'par, to throw, 
fling. Cf. lontar. 

le'na, deep, sound (of sleep). 
Cf. Hap and ryadar. 

le'igah, m-le'rgah, indolent; to 
loiter, delay. Cf. lambat. 

leig'koig, m-lerg'korg, to encircle, 

letg'kar, m-le-rg'Tcar, a coil (of 
rope or a snake) ; to coil. 

le'raig, s-le'rarg, in one width (of 
sarorgs) as opposed to Jcam- 
poli, q.v. 

le'reig, kre'ta le'rerg, a bicycle. 

le'tir, b-le'tir, to babble, chatter. 

le'wat (Jav.), past =lalu; too 

li'aig, a hole; usually lobarg. 

li'ar, wild (of animals) as op- 
posed to tame; cf. buas, 
which means wild in the 
sense of ferocious. 

li'at, tough, plastic, supple. 

ta'nah li'at, clay. 
li chin, smooth, slippery. 

ba'tu li'cliin, pebbles. 
li'dah, the tongue; pronuncia- 

li'dah a'pi, flames. 
a'nak li'dah, the uvula. 
pa' sell li'dah t eloquent. 
pi'tali li'dah, eloquent. 
li'dal (Port.), a thimble; also 

li'di, the midrib of a leaf of the 

coco-nut palm. 

li'hat, m-li'hat, (149), to look, 
see, perceive. Cf. pandarg, 
tergok and nampak. 
li'ha-ti, to look at, view. 
k-li-ha'tan, it was seen, there 

was seen (impers.). 
prg-li'ha-tan, the sense of sight ; 

a vision, a thing seen. 
H'lin, wax; a candle. 
ii'lit, m-li'lii, to twine, entwine 

(as a creeper). Cf. blit. 
li'ma, live. (For derived forms 

see am pat). 

li'ma ivak'tu, the five stated 
periods of prayers ; see waktu. 
pig lima, see ptglima. 
I i 'niau, the generic name for 
oranges, limes and similar 
fruits. Cf. jrok. 
ll'mau b-sar' and li'mau jam- 

bu'a, the pumelo. 
li'mau ma'nis, the orange. 
li'mau ni'pis, the lime. 
li'naig, ber-U'naiy, flowing; to 
flow (of tears). Cf. leleh 
and a lir. 

Hn'doTg, m-lin'dory, -lean, to 
shelter, cover, screen, pro- 

ber-lin'dorrj, sheltered, shelter- 
ing oneself. 


per-lin'do-iyan, shelter, that 
which affords a covering; 
privy, latrine. 

lin'taiR, m-lin'targ, across, trans- 
verse; to go across, traverse, 
pass over. Cf. linias and 

lin'tary pu'katy, higgledy-pig- 

ka'yu lin'targ, cross-bar. Cf. 

lin'tas, m-lin'tas, to pass through, 
cross, penetrate (through a 
tract of country, or of wea- 
pons through the body) . Cf . 

li'or, a'yer li'or, saliva. 

li'pan, a large centipede = hlipan, 

li pas, cockroach. 

li'pat, m-li'pat, a fold ; to fold, 
double, turn down. Cf. 

li'pat lu'tut, to bend the knees. 
ber-li'pat, folded. 

li put, m-li'put, to encompass, 

l-kak, l-kak-l-kok 1 ' , full of cavi- 
ties, uneven, undulating. 

l-kap', m-l-kap', to adhere (of 
flat surfaces). 

1-kas', quick, rapid; quickly, im- 
mediately. Cf. bargat, dras, 
laju and pantas. 
l-kas'kan, to hasten, expedite. 

1-kat', m-l-kat' (149), to stick, 
adhere ; to be fixed upon (of 
the eyes). 

l-kat'Tcan, to cause to adhere, 
affix. Cf. Jena and tampal. 

1-kok', dent, indentation, hollow, 
cavity ; dented, depressed, 
stove in. 

l-kak-l-kok', full of cavities, 
uneven, undulating. 

I'lah, labour, exertion, exhaus- 
tion, fatigue ; weary, exhaust- 
ed, tired. Cf. Iteli and pnaL 
ber-hen'ti-kan I'lali, to rest 

after fatigue. 

ber-l'lah, to exert oneself. 
Map', deep, sound (of sleep). 

Cf. njadar and lena. 
ti'dor l-lap', to sleep heavily. 

I'mah, weak, powerless, deficient 
of strength. Cf. Iteh. 

I'mah Im'bot, gentle, rnild r 

k-l'ma-han, weakness, debility. 

1-mak , suet, animal fat. Cf. 

I-ma'ri, wardrobe = almari. 

I-mas', smothered, suffocated. 

ma'ti l-mas', to die of suffo 
cation or drowning. 

l-mas'Tcan, to smother, suffo- 

Im-ba'ga, form, bodily shape, the 
material as distinguished 

J.T- -j. 1 

from the spiritual. 
1m 'bah, a valley, a depression. 
Im'bap, moist, damp. 
Im'bar, a strand, thread. 

Im'bek, soft, flabby, yielding to- 
the touch. Cf. Inibot. 

1m 'bine, a spear, lighter than 
the tombak. Cf. sligi. 

Im'bot, soft, pliant, gentle, ten- 
der. Cf. Imbek. 
I'mah Im'bot, gentle, mild-, 

Im'bot-kan, to soften, appease. 

Im'bu, the ox. Cf. sapi. 
Im'bu b-ti'na, cow. 
Im'bu jan'tan, bull. 
a'nak Im'bu, calf. 

Im'poh, paralyzed. Cf. tepok. 


In'dir, slimy; slime, phlegm, 


J'fgan, the arm. Cf. targan. 
lig'kap, equipped, fitted out, 
supplied or furnished with a 
necessary outfit. 
s-lrg'kap, a complete outfit. 
ber-lrg'kap, to prepare oneself, 

hold oneself in readiness. 
lig'kap-kan, to fit out, equip, 


I'-hg-ka'pan, equipment, expe- 
dition, fleet. 

li^-ki'arg:, a barn,- granary for 

lig'kat (B.), to stick = Ikat. 

Irg'koig, an arch, dome, semi- 

In-iyap', to disappear, vanish. 
In-iyap'Jcan, to cause to disap- 
pear, make away with. 

In'taig, t-ln'targ, lying on the 

In'tur, pliable, flexible. 

lo'ba (Sk.), coveteousness, cupid- 
ity. Cf. tm'a. 

lo'bak, Chinese radish. 

lo'baig, a hole. Cf. lia-rg. 
lo'baty hi'dorg, the nostrils. 
lo'barg ja'rom, the eye of a 


lo'barg kun'chi, keyhole. 
ber-lo'barg, perforated, having 

holes in it. 
lobok, see lubok. 
lo'cheig (Chin.), a bell. Cf. 


loh' (Ar.), slate; also papan loh. 
lo'kan, a shell-fish. 
lo'kek, mean, stingy. 

'lom'boig, a surface mine, placer 

lom'pat, m-lom'pai, to jump, 

leap, spring, bound. 
loi'pa-ti, to jump on. 

lon'chat, nt-lon'cliat, to jump (as 

fish), hop (as birds). 
lorg', coffin. 

loig'gar, loose, slack, loose fit- 

loig'gok, a heap, pile. Cf. torn- 
pole- . 

loig'kaig, drain, sewer. 

lon'tar, m-lon'tar, -lean, to throw, 
fling. Cf. 1cm par. 

lo'roig, a street, lane, alley. Cf. 

losin, see dusin. 
lotar, see lontar. 

lo'teig (Chin.), upper story; up- 
stairs. Cf. tirglcat. 

lo'toi^, a kind of monkey. 
lo'yar (Eng.), lawyer. 
I pa, see alpa. 

1-pas', free, disengaged, let loose, 

released, acquitted, exempt; 

after, on the conclusion or 

expiration of some event. 

Cf. luchut. 
l-pas' fle-ri-pa'da Im'targ, fre6 

from debt. 

1-pns' ma'kan, after eating. 
1-pa.s'* $a'tu sa'tu, one thing 

after another. 
l-pas' ti'ga lia'ri, after three 

s'o'rarg l-pas' s'o'rarg, one after 


ber-1-pas'-, to escape. 
l-pas'kan, to set free, deliver, 

release, let go. 
lc-l-pa'san, deliverance. 

1-siig' (B.), a sling = ali~ali. 



', a mortar in which rice 
is pounded in order to re- 
move the husk. Cf. antan. 

l-tak', >n-l-t<ik', -kan, to put 
down, lay down; to lay down 
Or prescribe laws or com- 
mands; to impose penalties. 
Cf. b-iiboh and taroli. 
ItT-l-tak', laid down, placed, 

1-teh', weak, feeble, infirm, lan- 
guid. Cf. I mah. 

1-top', ni-l-top' (103), to explode, 

lu' (Chin.) (10), you; used only 
in addressing Chinese. 

lu'ar, out, outside, external. 
de'ri lu'ar, from outside. 
ill lii'fir, outside. 
k-lu'ar, to the exterior, out; to 

go out, come out, issue (49, 

k-lu'ar-kan, to send out, put 

out, put forth (as fruit), 

expel, publish (books). 
k-lu'a-ri, to go out to meet. 
k-lu'a-mn, extraneous, foreign, 


lu'as, extensive, vast, spacious. 

Cf. lebar and laparg. 
lu'as-kan, to extend, enlarge. 
k-lu'a-san, wide extent, range, 
latitude, freedom. 

lu'bok, a pool, a deep place in a 
river or in the sea; also 

lu'chut, escaped, liberated, dis- 
engaged, unfastened. 

lu'dah, bcr-lu'dah, saliva, spittle; 

to spit. 

Jii'da-hi, to spit at, spit upon. 
p-lu'da-han, spittoon. 

lu'ka, wound ;' wounded. 

k'na lu'ka, to receive a wound. 

lu'ka-kan, to wound. 

lu'kah, a fish trap in the form 
of a basket. 

lu'kis, m-lu'kis, to engrave. 
lu'loh, pulverised. Cf. hiinnf. 

lu'lus, admitted, allowed, con- 

ceded, complied with. 
lu'lus-kan, to comply with, 
grant, permit. 

In mat, pulverised. Cf. luloh 
and serbok. 

lnm'ba, ber-lum'ba, to compete, 

vie with, race. Cf. lawan. 
htni'ba ku'da, horse race. 

lu'mor, smeared, daubed. 
lumpoh, see Impoh. 
lum'pur, mud. Cf. bechak. 

lu mu t, moss, mould, fungus, 

lu'mut ka'rarg, sponge. 

lu'nas, keel. 
luiggu, see blurggu. 
lunjur, see urijur. 

lu'pa, m-hi'pa, Jean (148), to 

Input, to escape, slip away from. 

lu'roh, to fair (of dead leaves, 
ripe fruit, hair, etc.). Cf. 

s-luroh, see sluroh.. 

lu'rus, straight, true, sincere. 

Cf. btul.' 
In'rus-kan, to straighten. 

lu'sa, the day after to-morrow. 
Cf. Mat. 

lutar, = loniar, q.V. 

lu tut. the knee. 

li'pat In' tut,, to bend the knee. 
bvr-hi'tut, to kneel. Cf. Hut. 




ma"af (Ar.), pardon, forgive- 
ness. Also pronounced ma- 
hap. Cf. ampun. 

mirita ma"af, to ask pardon. 

ma"af-kan, to pardon, forgive. 

ma'bok, intoxicated, stupified, 

ma'bok da'rah, faint through 

loss of blood. 
ma'bok la'ut, sea-sick. 

ma'cham, kind, sort, method, 
manner. Cf. bagai and 
ma'cham-ma'cham, of various 

kinds, all sorts. 
a' pa ma'cham (18, 19), what 

kind of? 
ma'dam (Eur.), a lady. 

ma'dat, opium prepared for 
smoking. Cf. apiun and 
lii'sap ma'dat, to smoke opium. 

madh'hab (Ar.), sect; usually 


ma'du (Sk.), honey. 
a'yer ma'du, honey. 
. in'dok ma'du, honey-comb. 
tnaf-hum' (Ar.), understood; 

usually mfaham. 

magh'rib (Ar.), the sun-setting, 
the West; usually barat. 

ma ha (Sk.), great, in the follow- 
ing expressions: 
ma' ha b-sar', very great. 
ma' ha ku-a'sa, almighty. 
ma' ha mu-li'a, most excellent. 
ma'ha mu'rah, most gracious. 
ma'ha-ra'ja, a great prince. 
ma'ha iirg'gi, most high. 

ma-hal', dear, high priced, diffi- 
cult to obtain. 
-her'ga ma-hal', a high price. 

ma-ha-li'gai (Tarn.), palace; 

also maligai. 

ma hap, to forgive, see ma'af. 
ma'hir (Ar.), skilful, expert. 
mah-ka mah ( A r.), court of jus- 
tice, tribunal. 

mai dan (Ar., arena), battlefield. 
ma in, ber-ma'in, to play, amuse 
oneself, jest; to play musical 
instruments ; game, amuse- 

.ma' in cha'tur, to play chess. 
ma'in ga'sirg, to play tops. 
ma' in gi'la, to play the fool. 
ma'in ju'di, to gamble. 
ma'in ma'ia, to make eyes at a 


ma'in su'lirg, to play the flute. 
ma'in wa'yarg, to act in a play. 
per-ma'i-nan, a game, sport,. 

ma'j-lis' (Ar.), session, audience,. 

assembly, council, 
ma ju (Jav.), to go forward, pro- 

ma' jus (Ar.), magian, fire wor- 

mak', mother; also. ibu. 
mak'-ba'pa, parents. 
male' muda, and mak' sail- 

da'ra, aunt. 

mak' ti'ri, step-mother. 
ma ka (133), a punctuation, 

ma'kam (Ar.), a grave. 

ma'kan, m-ma'kan, to eat, con- 
sume, corrode, absorb. 

ma'kan a'rgin, to go for an air- 
ing or pleasure excursion." 

ma'kan chan'du, to take opium,, 
smoke opium. 

ma'kan da'lam, to penetrate 
(as rust, acids or sharp- 



ma'kan ga'ji, to receive a sa- 
lary, work for wages. 

ma' kati hale' o'rarg, to rob a 
person of his rights, do an 

ma'kan mi'num, to eat and 

ma'kan na'si, to take a meal. 

ma'kan pa'gi, breakfast. 

ma' lean ra'chvn, to take poison, 
be poisoned. 

ma'kan ro'kok, to smoke the 
native cigarette. 

ma'kan s-lii-da'rgan, to eat to- 

ma'kan su-ap', to take a bribe. 

ma'kan sum' pah, to break one's 
oath, perjure oneself. 

b-ri' ma'kan, to feed. 

cha'ri ma'kan, to get a living. 

di-ina'kan a'pl, consumed by 

ha'bis ma'kan, after eating. 

ma'ka-nan, food. 

makh'Iok (Ar.), creature, cre- 
ated being. Cf. jadi. 

ma'ki, m-ma'ki, abuse, scolding, 
vituperation ; to abuse, revile, 
call names. Cf. nista. 
ma'kin (95), more, the more. 

Cf. margkin and mitykin. 
ma'kin . . ma'kin . . , the more . . 

the more. . 
s-ma'kin, by so much the more. 

ma-ko'ta (Sk.), crown. 

mak'sud (Ar.), aim, object, pur- 
pose; sense, meaning. Cf. 
hndak and man. 

ma' lam, night; the Malays reck- 
on the day to begin at 6 p.m., 
so the night belongs to the 
following da.y, and therefore 
malam ahad is Saturday 
night, not Sunday night. 
ma' lam ha'ri, night time. 

ma'lam s-ka'rarg, ma'lam i'ni 
or ma'lam da'targ, to-night. 
ma'lam ia'di, last night. 
ja'uh ma'lam, late at night. ,. 
s-ma'lam, last night. 
si-arg' ma'lam, day and night. 
t'rgah ma'lam, midnight. 
ber-ma'lam, to pass the night. 

ma'larg, unfortunate, wretched. 

uritorg yarg ma'larg, bad for- 

o'rarg ma'larg, a wretched fel- 

k-ma'la-rgan, misfortune. 

ma las, lazy, idle. 

Malayu, see Mlatjit. 

ma-li'gai (Tarn.), palace; usual- 
ly istana. 

m'a'lim (Ar.), teacher, instruc- 
tor, pilot, guide, mate on a 

ma'lu, shame, disgrace; ashamed, 

bashful, modest. 
b-ri' ma'lu, to cause shame or 

disgrace to a person. 
k'na ma'lu, to be disgraced. 
k-ma'lu-an, shame, disgrace ; 

the private parts. 

m'a'lum (Ar.), known, notorious. 
b-ri' m'a'lum, to make known. 
m'a'lum-kan, to inform, make 
known. Cf. bri tahu. 

ma'mah, to chew, masticate. Cf. 

ma'mak, uncle, aunt. 

ma-man'da, a polite form of 

mam'bary;, certain supernatural 
beings, spirits. 

mam'pus, dead: usually matt. 

m'a'mur (Ar.), populous, thick-. 
ly inhabited. 



m'a'na (Ar.), sense, meaning, 
signification; (B.) a para- j 
ble, allegory = kias. Cf . arti. 

ma na (18, 19), where? which? 
also (as an abbreviation of 
bgimana) how? 

ma'na bo'lek, how it is pos- 

ma'na su'ka, whichever you 

ba'raiy di ma'na, wherever. 
. ba'rary k-ma'na, whithersoever. 

b-gi-ma'na, how ? in what way ? 

de-ri-ma'na, whence? 

di ma'na, where? 

di ma-na-ma'na, everywhere. 

k-ma'na, whither? 
- o'raty ma'na, which man ? 

ma'na-kan, an abbreviation of 
bgimana akan, how will? 
how can? how could? 

man-dar'sah (Ar. madrasah, 
school), a village mosque; 
koran school ; also bandarsali. 
Cf. surau. 

man'di, to bathe, take a bath. 
a'yer man'di, bathing water. 
tm'pat man'di, bathroom. 
maridi-kan, to bathe a person, 
give a person a bath. 

man'dul, barren. 

man'dur (Port.), an overseer. 

ma-nek-ma'nek, beads. 

maqg'ga, the mango. 

kun'chi marg'ga, a padlock. 
maig'gis, the mangusteen. 
maig'kat, dead; to die (of kings 
and princes). 

maigkin = makin, q.v. 

maig'kok, cup, bowl, basin. Cf. 
chawan and bokor. 

mai^'ku-bu'mi, prime minister. 
Cf. mntri and parrjku. 

manj'sa (Sk.), prey. 

ma-ni'kam (Tarn.), precious 
stones, rubies, carbuncles. 

ma'nis, sweet, gentle, soft, ami- 

hi' tarn ma'nis, brown. 
ja'ri ma'nis, the fourth finger. 
ka'yu ma'nis cinnamon. 
ku'lit ma'nis, cinnamon. 
li'mau ma'nis, orange. 
ma'ni-san, sweets, sweetmeats. 

man ja, man'ja-kan, spoilt; to 
spoil, indulge (a person). 

man'sukh (Ar.), abrogated, 

ma-nu-si a (Sk.), mankind, man 
as distinguished from other 
beings, the human race. Cf. 

ma'ra (Sk.), injury, harm, mis- 

ma'ra bah'ya or mer-bah'ya, 
danger, peril. 

ma'rah and a-ma'rah, anger; 
angry. Cf. murka, gusar 
and gram. 

mar 'hum (Ar.), the late, the de- 
ceased (usually of kings). 

ma'ri, hither, come, come here; 
(Penang) to come. Cf. da- 
targ and sampai. 
k-ma'ri, hither. 

markah, see merkah. 

mar mur (Ar.), marble. Cf. 

'mas', gold. 

'mas' kah'win, dowry. 
'mas' lan'chorg, spurious gold. 
'mas' u'rai, gold dust. 
a'yer 'mas', gilding. 
ker'tas 'mas', gold leaf. 
'ma'si, to bribe. 
k'ma'san, gilt- 



ka'in k'nia'san, material em- 
broidered or woven with gold. 

ma sa, usually ma'sa-kan, how 
can it be ? how could it be ? 

ma'sa (Sk.), time, period, epoch. 

Cf. waktu and zman. 
termasa, see termasa. 

ma-sa'i'lah (Ar.), question, pro- 

ma'sak, ripe, cooked; to cook 

(80). smelt. Cf. tanak. 
b-1um' ma'sak, unripe. 
ju-ru-ma'sak, cook. 

ma'sam, acid, sour ; also asam. 
imi'sam mu'ka, scowling, frown- 
ing, long-faced, sour. 

ma'seh, still. Cf. lagi. 
maseh, see almaseh. 
masehi, see msihi. 

mash'ghul (Ar.), troubled, dis- 
turbed in mind, sad. 

imash-hur' (Ar.), well-known, 

celebrated, famous. 
ntfixli-lnir'kan, to make known, 

publish, divulge. 
mash'rik (Ar.), the sunrising, 

The East: usually timor. 
mash-wa'rat (Ar.), ber-mash- 

wa'rat, to consult, deliberate ; 


ma'si, still, yet; usually maseh. 
ma'sin, salt, saline (adj.) ', also 

n*in. Cf. garam. 
ma-siig-ma'sirg, each, every. 

Cf. tlap. 

Ma'sir (Ar.), Egypt, 
mas lid (Ar.), mosque; usually 

.ma'sok, m-ma'sok (49), to enter, j 

go in. penetrate. 
rtta'sok Is'lam, to become a Mo- 

ma'sok Kris' ten, to become a 

ma'sok mu'lut, to interrupt, in- 

ma'sok ta'tyan, to interfere. 

ba'wa ma'sok, to take in, intro- 

bri' ma'sok, to let in, admit. 

ma-ta-ha'ri ma'sok, sunset, the 

ma'sok-kan, to put in, cause to 

ma'sok-kan da'lam pn-ja'ra, to 
put in prison. 

ma'ta, eye; the edge of a knife. 

ma'ta a'rgin, the main points 
of the compass. 

ma'ta a'ycr, spring of water. 

ma'ta ba'jak, ploughshare. 

ma'ta bn'da, jewellery. 

ma'ta da'chiiy, the scale of a 

ma-ta-ha'ri, the sun. 

nta-ta-Jta' i i ma'sok, sunset. 

ma-ta-ha'ri. ter'bit, sunrise. 

ma'ta lia'ti, spiritual percep- 

ma'ta i'kan, wart. 

ma'ta ka"il, fishhook. 

ma'ta ka'in, the darker pattern 
on a saroig forming a ver- 
tical bar of colour. 

ma'ta ka'ki, ankle. 

ma'ta ka'yu, a knot in timber. 

ma'ta k-ris', the blade of a kris. 

ma'ta ku'chirg, catseye (a 
stone) : an edible fruit. 

ma'ta lu'ka, the opening of a 

ma-ta-ma'ta, policeman. 

ma-ta-ma'ta g-lap' ' , a detective. 

ma'ta p-do'man, the divisions 
on the compass card. 

ma'ta pi'sau, the blade or edge 
of a knife. 

ma'ta su'su, nipple. 



a'nak ma'ta, pupil of the eye. 
a'yer ma'ta, tears. 
bi'bir ma'ta, the eyelids. 
bi'ji ma'ta, eyeballs. 
bn'lu ma'ta, eyelashes. 
cher'min ma'ta, spectacles. 
ch-lek' ma'ta, to open the eyes. 
e'kor ma'ta, the corners of the 


k-jam' ma'ta, to close the eyes. 
k-lo'pak ma'ta, the eyelids. 
ma'in ma'ta, to make eyes at a 


p-jam' ma'ta, to close the eyes. 
pu'teh ma'ta, disappointed. 
s-ma-ta-ma'ta, altogether, en- 

sb'lah ma'ta, one eye. 
s-k-lip' ma'ta, the twinkling of 

an eye. 
tn'tary ma'ta, right in one's 


ma-ta-ha ri, the sun; see mata. 
ma'ti, dead; to die; a fixture, 

fixed. Cf. mampus. 
ma'ti di-bu'noh, assassinated, 


ma'ti la'par, died of starvation. 
ma'ti l-mas' , suffocated, drown- 

ma'ti pu'chok, impotent. 
a'rgin ma'ti, the wind has died 


ba'ris ma'ti, see baris. 
g-ran' ma'ti, freehold. 
her'ga ma'ti, fixed price. 
i'l-at ma'ti, to tie with a knot 

that will not slip. 
ja'ri ma'ti, the middle finger. 
ma-ta-ha'ri ma'ti, the West. 
o'rarg ma'ti, a corpse. 
s-pa'roh ma'ti, half dead. 
tan'da ma'ti, see bari*. 
ma'ti-k<m. to kill. 
Jc-ma'ti-tin, death, decease. 
ma-to'ka (Eng.), motor car. 

mat'ros (D.), sailor. ('!'. pralui.. 

mau' (45), to wish, desire; al>"> 

as an auxiliary verb, will. 

shall, would, should. Cf.. 


man,',, .mau' . ., either, .or. . 
in tin' la' man', whether willing 

or not, -nolen* ro/r//.v. 
a' pa man' ! what do you want- 
maut' (Ar.), death. Cf. mati. 

'a' lam maut', hades: also 'alam 
* barzakh. 
ma' war (Pers.), rose. 
a'yer ma' war, rose water. 
b/i'n/ii a'l/cr nni'irnr, the rose. 
ma' was, the " orang utang." 
ma'yai^f, a cluster of flowers on- 

palm trees. Cf. Iclopak. 
may as = ma was, q.v. 
ma'yat (Ar.), corpse, dead body 
(of human beings). Cf r . 

ma'yoqg;, a Malay theatrical per- 
formance. Cf. wayaxj. 
maz'mur (Ar.), a psalm; see 


maz'hab, sect: also nnnlliliab. 
'm'bek, to bleat (of sheep and 

'm'boh, to be willing, agree. 

'm-boli-m'bo-han, although. 
'm'bun, dew. 
me dan, see maidan. 
me'ga (Sk.), clouds. 
me'ja (Port.), a table. 

ja'ga me'ja, to wait at table. 

ta'roh me'ja, to lay the table. 

mem' (Eng.), madam, Ah-.. 

lady. Cf. nonja. 
me'mang:, already, in the same- 
condition as before, always, 
invariably, naturally, o f 


wne'rah, red. 

me' rail mii'da, pale red. 

in i'' rah t-lor' ', the yoke of an 


inr'rnli fu'a, deep red. 
ku'da me'rali, a bay horse. 

merak, see mrak. 
mer'bau, a timber tree. 
mer'bok, a small turtle dove. 

mer'chun, fire crackers, lire- 

works. Cf. pias. 
mer-d-he ka (Jav.), freed from 

s I a ve ry, manumitted, free. 

Cf. lebas. 

mer'du (Sk.). soft, gentle, sweet 
(of sounds). Cf. mani*. 

mer-gas-tu'a (Sk. marga sa iwa), 

wild animals. 
me'reng, slanting, oblique. Cf. 

i' re ig, cliondroty and seroty. 

mer kah (Port.), the marks on a 
lead line, a soldier's badges 
of rank. 

mer kah, very fine cracks in por- 

mer-pa'ti (Sk.), pigeon, dove = 

(B.) buroiy komba. Cf. 

jirryfint. pnnai. fknkur and 

mer-ta'bat (Ar.), high position, 

rank, station. Cf. pargJcat. 
-mer-tu'a (B.), father-in-law, 

mother-in-law = mntua. 
mesal, see mWia'L 

me'wah, abundant. Cf. Jem pah. 
J,--iiic'iri(-hfin, abundance. 

m-f-ham (Ar. niiifJiiim}, to 

understand : sei- f<iliin. 
in-gah', fame, glory. 

m-gah'knn ili'ri, to boast, exalt 


mi'arg, itchiness caused by the 
fine hair of the bamboo, and 
>imilar things. 
mi'ka, thou, thee = aiyJcau. 
mil' (Eng.), mile. 
mi'lek (Ar.), property, posses- 

nti'h'-ki, to ])ossess. acquire. 
mim'bar (Ar. minbar), the pul- 
pit in a mosque. 
mim'pi, a dream; also (B.) m- 


ber-mim'pi, to dream. 
minarah, see mnarah. 
m '*E'go (Port, domingo, lord), 
hari mirggo, the Lord's day, 
Sunday. Hence miiygo has 
come to mean a week. Cf. 
ah ad. 
mir^kin (B.), more, the more = 

makin, q.v. 

mi 'nit (Eng.), minute. 
min'ta, m-min'ta (86 &, 157), to 

request, ask for ; also pinta. 
min' la ft' man, to seek for peace. 
min'la Hiii'fHiii, to ask for for- 
HI in' fa di'ri, to excuse oneself, 

take leave. Cf. motion. 
ni in' fa do" a, to pray. 
min'ta jan'ji, to request the 

fulfilment of a promise. 
in in' ia ka'sdi, to ask a favour. 
iniii'fii ni(i"af, to beg pardon. 
in in' in pin' jam, to borrow. 
min'ta s'd-kah', to beg, ask for 


/ji'r-min'fa'an, request, prayer. 
mi'num, m-nii'nuin, to drink. 
a'l/cr nii'nuin, drinking water. 
/i-iiii'niiin. a drinker, drunkard. 

Cf. mabok. 
in i' nn~n>an, beverage. 
mi'n/ak, oil. grease (animal or 
vegetable). Cf. linak. 



mi'n/ak ba'bi, lard. 

mi'ryak bau-bau'an, perfumed 


mi'tyak gas', mineral oil. 
mi'ryak ja'rak, castor oil. 
mi'ryak k-la'pa, coco-nut oil. 
mi'ryak sa'pi, beef fat. 
mi'ryak ta'nali, mineral oil. 
mi'tyak tor', tar. 
mi'rya-ki, to oil, anoint. 

mi'sai, moustache. Cf. kumis. 

misjid, see msjid. 

miski, see mslei. 

mis'kin (Ar.), poor. Cf. papa. 

mi'thal (Ar.), resemblance, si- 
milarity ; simile, metaphor, 
type; also pronounced mesal. 

m-j-Iis', pretty. 
m-j-lis', assembly; see majlis. 
m-la"i-kat (Ar.), angel. 
mlainkan, see '///'. 

M-la'ka, a tree with edible fruit; 

the town of Malacca. 
ba't u M-la'ka, flooring tiles. 
gu'la M-la'ka, coco-nut sugar. 

M-la'yu Malay. 

b-ha'sa M-la'yu, the Malay 

ta'nah M-la'yu, Malaya. 

mm'p-lai (Tarn.), bridegroom; 
sometimes bride. Cf. prgan- 
m-na', in the phrases : 

d'-rgan ti-a'da s-m-na'm-na' , 

without cause. 

ti-a'da t-per-m-na"i, incalcul- 
able. Cf. kira. 

mnafik, see munafik. 

m-narg', victorious ; to win, gain 

the victory. Cf. alah. 
ni-narg'kan, to cause to win. 
give the victory to. 

k-in-Ha'rgan, victory. 

m-nan'tu, son-in-law, daughter- 

m-na'rah (Ar.), a tower, minar- 

mn-di'kai, water melon. 

inn-d-roig', reed grass, sedge. 

m-tgah', ter-m-rgah'-m-rgali', pan- 

m-r^a'pa, why; see apa. 

a'rong:, a kind of lizard - 

j ku-aqj, the screw pint-; see 

mniaga, to trade: see niaga. 

mn-je'la (B.), window = jndc la. 

m-nim'pi (B.), dream = inim pi. 

mn'tah, unripe, uncooked, raw.. 
Cf. muda. 

mn-te'ga (Port.), butter. 

mn't-ri (Sk.), minister, states- 
man ; one of the pieces in the 
game of chess : see cliatur. 
per-da'na mn't-ri, prime minis- 

mn-tu'a, father-in-law, mother- 
in-law = (B.) mcrtiia. 

mo'dal (Tarn.), invested funds,, 
capital. Cf. pokok. 

motion, see polion. 
mo'Iek, beautiful, lovt-iy. 
moiyet, see muntyit. 
mo'roig, melancholy, gloomy. 

mo'yaig, great-grandfather, an- 
cestor. Cf. nenek. 
ne'nek mo'yarg, ancestors. 

'm'pang;, to bar, stop, check, danu 

'mpat. see ampat. 

'm-pek (B.) (Chin.), uncle; a 
form of address to fathers- 
and other elderly person-. 



, green rice roasted and 

'm'pok, mealy, soft (of cooked 
vegetables), tender (of 
flesh) . 

'mpuiya, see ampunja. 
m-rak', a peacock. 
m-ran'ti, a common timber tree. 
m-ri'am, a cannon; ordnance. 

m-ri'ka, persons, people (only 

used in writings). 
m-ri'ka i'tu, they, them. 

m-ri'iyu (Port.), police inspec- 

mshwarat, see masliwarat. 

m-si'hi and ma'se-hi' (Ar.), 
Christian, of or belonging to 
the Messiah; also Krisien. 
o'rary m-si'hi, Christians. 
ta'nkh m-si'hi and ta'hun ni- 
si hi, the year of the Christ- 
ian era, A. D. 

ms'jid (Ar.), mosque; also msgit. 
Cf. surau and mandarsah. 

ms'ki (Port.), although, notwith- 
standing ; also mski-pun. 
Cf. swygoh. 

mstahil, see mustahil. 
ms'ti, must. Cf. psti. 

mt'rai, seal, stamp. Cf. chap. 
mt'rai-Tcan, to seal, stamp. 

mu (13), an abbreviation of the 
2nd personal pronoun kamu; 
when affixed to a noun it has 
the force of a possessive pro- 

mu-a-fa'kat, ber-mu-a-fa'kat 
(Ar.), agreement; to agree, 
unite, consult together. Cf. 
fakat, which is generally used 
in a bad .sense. 

mu-'a'laf (Ar.), proselyte, con- 

mu'at, to contain. Cf. isi. 

mu'afckan, and m-mu'at, to 
stow (cargo), put things into 
a box, cart or ship. Cf. isi. 

mu'a-tan, cargo, load. 

mu'da, young, immature, unripe; 
pale (of colours). Cf. ran- 

la'gi mu'da, still young. 
me'rah mu'da, pale red. 
o'rarg mu'da, a youth. 

mu'dah, easy. Cf. snanj. 

pan'darg mu'dah, to slight, 

make light of. 
mii'dah-kan, to esteem lightly, 

mu-dah-mii'da-han, perchance, 

if possible. 
mu'dek, to ascend a river, go up 

stream ; also 11 dek. Cf . hilir 

and hulu. 

mudi, see kmudi. 
mu-ga-mu'ga (Jav.), oh that! 
would that! 

m'u-ji'zat (Ar.), miracle, won- 

mu'ka, face. 

mu'ka a'yer, the surface of the 

mu'ka ma'nis, a pleasant ex- 
pression of face. 

mu' Tea ma'sam, scowling, frown- 
ing, long faced. 

mu-Tca-m u'ka , hypocritical . 

mu'ka pa' pan, impertinent. 

mu'ka su'rat, a page of a book. 

mu'ka t-bal', shameless, brazen- 

a'rarg di mu'ka, disgrace, in- 

a'yer mu'ka, complexion. 

cher'ni in m ?/ ' ka . looking-gl asa. 



di mu'Tca, in the fore part (of a 

di mu'ka pin' in, in front of the 

door, at the door. 
mu kah, paramour: adultery. 

ber-mu'kah, to commit adul- 
mu'kim (Ar.), a district. Cf. 


mu la (Sk.), beginning, origin, 

mu-la-mu'la, at first, first of 

ber-mu'la and s-ber-mu'la 
(133), punctuation words. 

s-mu'la, as at first, as before, 
over again. 

m u-la"i, to begin. 

-per-mu'la'an, beginning, com- 

mu-li a (Sk.); g!6rious, illustri- 
ous, honorable, magnificent. 

m u-li'a-kan, to honour, glorify. 

k->nu-li'a'an, glory, splendour. 

mu'lut, mouth. 

tnii'lnt bo'chor, tell-tale, blab. 
mu'lut Tfo'tor, foul-mouthed. 
mu'lut ma'nis, smooth tongued, 

ba'wa mu'lut, to talk scandal, 


bi'bir mu'lut, the lips. 
iya'iya-kan mu'lut, to open the 

mu 'min (Ar.), believer. Cf. 


o'rarg mu"min, the faithful. 
mu-na'fik (Ar.), hypocrite; hy- 
pocritical. Cf. pura-pura. 
mun'choig, prominent, project- 
ing (of the nose, lips, etc.) ; 
snout. Cf. jurgor. 
mun'kir (Ar.), to disavow, dis- 
own, renounce, retract, deny. 
Cf. sargJcal. 

mun'iyit and mu'iyit, monkey. 

mun'shi (Ar., author), a teacher 
of languages. Cf. y urn. 

mun'tah, m-mun'tali, -lean, vo- 
mit; to vomit. 

m if rah, generous, liberal, bene- 
volent; cheap. 

k-mu'ra-han, generosity, liber- 
mu'rai, the magpie-robin. 

mu'rid (Ar.), pupil, scholar, dis- 

mur'ka (Sk.), angry; wrath 
(of kings or of God). Cf. 
mur'ka'i, to be angry with. 

murorg, see marorg. 
mur tad (Ar.), apostate, pervert, 
renegade. Cf. mu'alaf. 

mu'sarg, a species of civet cat. 
mn'sarrj j-bat', polecat, civet 


mush'kil (Ar.), difficult. 
mif sim (Ar.), season of the year, 


Htu'xitn bu'ah, the fruit season. 
mil' sim di'ryin, the cold season. 
mu'sim hu'jan, the rainy sea- 

mu'sini Ic-ma'rau, the dry sea- 
mu'sim pa'nas, the hot season. 

mu'soh, enemy of one's country, 
common enemy, as opposed 
to stru, a personal enemy. 

m us I i -hat (Ar.), arrangement, 
stiatagem, trick. 

mus-ta'id (Ar.), prepared, 

mus-ta hil (Ar.), impossible. 

mu-ti-a'ra, a pearl. 

a' yam mu-ti-a'ra, guinea fowl. 



in' ilnl- ntu-ti-a'ra, mother-of- 

Tnu'tu, the decree of purity of 

' inns' 8~pu'loh nni'hi. pure gold. 


na'hi (Ar.). a prophet. 
na-bi'ah (Ar.), prophetess. 

na'bu-at (Ar.), prophecy; pro- 
perly nnl)uni. Cf. ntibi. 
l'r-na'bn-at, to prophesy. 
na'di (8k.). the pulse. 

na'fas (Ar.), breath, respiration. 

her-na'fiix, having breath or 
life. Cf. Hjdini. 

na-fi'ri (Pers.), trumpet. 

naf kah (Ar.), expenses, cost of 

naf su (Ar.), desire, appetite, 


ha'im ntif'xn. sensual desires. 
nnf'sii dit'iii-fi, worldly desires 

or lust>. 

na'ga (Sk.), dragon, fabulous 


nah'(132), there; also = to/j. 
na hu (Ar.), grammar. 
na'ik, to go up, come up, ascend, 

rise, mount. Cf. daki. 
na'ik da' rat, to go ashore. 
iia'ik h/i'/i. to perform the pil- 

grimage to Mecca. 
iin'ik her' (/a, to rise in price. 
iia'ik ka'jxil, to go on board a 
ship from a boat. Cf. iurun. 
t m' lie I'-rc'ia, to ride in a carri- 
mi' ik kii'iln. to mount a horse]* 

on horsel)ac-k. 

.iia'ik mni'/i-lai, to be a bride- 

iw'ik patg'kai. to rise in rank. 
na'ik it-ra'lni, to go on board a 


na'ik ra'ja, to become king. 
na'ik- NY//-V. to become a wit- 

na'ik ht-run, to go up and down 

(as a road in hilly country). 
iid'i-ki, to mount upon, get up 

on, climb on to. 
na'ik-k(tn, to raise, elevate, 

cause to ascend. 
k-na'i-kan, that on which one 

mounts, a horse, elephant, 

carriage or ship. 

na'jis (Ar.), ceremonially un- 


na'j'is-kan, to defile. 
nak', abbreviation of Jindak. 
na'kal, naughty. 

na-kho'da (Pers.), the captain 
of a ship. Cf. kapitan. 

'nam, see ana in. 

na'ma (8k.), name. 
na'ma bu'sok, a bad reputation. 
na'inn i/at;/ ba'ik, a good repu- 


ber-na'ma, named, called. 
ter-na'ma, famous. 
nn'ma'i, to name, give a name 

to, call. 
k-na'ina'an, renowned. 

nam'pak, to appear, be visible; 
also tampak. Cf. liliat and 

na'nah, ]>us. matter. 

na'nas, pineapple. 

narg'ka, the jack fruit. Cf. 

nan'ti, tn-nan'H, to wait; used 
colloquially as an auxiliary 
verb to express the future 
(4. %48). 



nan' ii d-hu'lu, wait a bit. 
m-nan'ti-nan'ti, to keep wait- 
nan'ti-kan, to await, wait for. 

nar-was'tu, spikenard. 

na'sar (Ar.), vulture; usually 
burorg nasar. 

na'si, boiled rice. Cf. bras and 

k-rak' na'si, the burnt crust 

left in the pot after cooking 

ma'kan na'si, to take a meal, 

lit., to eat rice. 

na'sib (Ar.), fate, destiny, lot in 

na'si-hat (Ar,), exhortation, ad- 
vice, admonition. 
na' si-hat' kan, to advise, exhort, 

nas'khah (Ar. nuskhah), manu- 

nas-ra'ni (Ar.), Christian, es- 
pecially Roman Catholic. 
Cf. srani. 

na'wong:, shade, shadow, shelter; 

also na'org. Cf. bayarg. 
na'wo-rgi, to overshadow, shel- 

'nche', see inche'. 
'ndah, see indah. 
'ndap, see hndap. 

neg'ri (Sk.), country, state, ter- 
ritory, city, town. Cf. fa- 
nah, bnua and bandar. 

neg'ri a'sirg, a foreign country. 

neg'ri o'rarg, a country other 
than one's own. 

a'nak neg'ri, native of a place. 

i'si neg'ri, inhabitants of a town : 
or country. 

k-pa'la neg'ri, the capital of a j 

n'emat, see n'iinat. 

nen'da, polite form of nenek. 

ne'nek, grandfather, grand- 

mother. Cf. datok. 
ne'nek mo'yarg, ancestors. 
da'tok ne'nek, ancestors. 
nesan, see nishan. 
iga'iga and ter-iya'rga, open (of 

the mouth or a door). 
rga'rga-kan mu'lut, to open the 

iga'um, m-rga'wn, to roar (of 
tigers) . 

'ig-chek (B.) (Chin.), uncle: a 
form of address to fatlu-r- 
and other elderly persons. 

'ig'gan, to object, refuse, be un- 

rg'gan-kan, to refuse or ivjn-t 
a thing. 

'nf'gan?. the hornbill or rhino- 
ceros bird. 

igilu, see njilu. 

, see argkan. 
' (B.), elder brother. 
"' (B.), father-in-law. 
' (B.), grandfather. 
'ig-ku' (B.), mother's brother. 
HJ-ri'. to shiver, shudder: TIT- 

rible, horrible. 

ni-a'ga, bcr-ni-a'ga and in-ni- 
a'ga (Sk.), to trade; also- 
per-ni-a'ga'an, trade, commerce. 

ni'at (Ar.), intention, purpose,. 

resolution, vow. 
ba'yer ni'at, to pay a vow. 
ber-ni'at, to intend, make a .re- 
solution or vow. 

ni'bon?, a palm, the wood of 
which is very hard and dura- 


ni'kah (Ar.), marriage; to 

marry. Cf. kahwin. 
ni'kah-kan, to unite in mar- 

ni'la (Sk.), indigo. 

ni'Iai, m-ni'lai, -kan, valuation; 
to value. 

ni'lam (Tarn.), the sapphire. 

n'i'mat (Ar.), favour, benefit, 
grace ; pleasure, enjoyment, 

ni'pah, a palm-like plant which 
grows in marshy land. 

ni'pis, thin (as opposed to t-bal', 
thick). Cf. tipis and halus. 

ni'ra, the sap of the coco-nut 
palm, which becomes tuak 
by fermentation. 

nischaya, see nschaya. 

ni'shan (Pers.), gravestone, 
monument; also nesan. 

nis'ta, m-nis f ta, -lean, abuse, in- 
vective; to abuse, insult. 

n-la'yan (Sk.), fisherman. 
nntiasa, see sntiasa. 

no'bat or nau hat (Ar.), a large 
drum used only by reigning 

noktah, see nuktali. 
nom'bor (Eng.), number. 

nona, see norya. 

bu'ah no'na, the custard apple. 

no'iya, married woman, Mrs. 
(in the Straits used only of 
Chinese women; in the 
Dutch Indies, njonja = mar- 
ried woman, whether Euro- 
pean or Chinese, and nona = 
a young unmarried woman). 

n-ra'cha (Sk.), a balance, scales. 
Cf. dachirg and timbarg. 

n-ra'ka (Sk.), hell. Cf. ;7iw- 

ns-cha'ya (Sk.) (138), certain- 
ly. Cf. iniu. 

'n'tah, it is doubtful, it is un- 
known, I don't know. 
'n'tah. .a' tau. ., whether, .or. , 

'n'tak, to bump. 
nubuat, see nabuat. 
nugraha, see anugrah. 
nu'jum (Ar., stars), astrology; 

also 'ilmu 'n-nujum. 
ah'lu 'n-nu'jum, astrologers. 

nuk'tah (Ar.), vowel points, dia- 
critical marks. Cf. baris. 
nur' (Ar.), light. 
nu'ri, paroquet. 
lya (13, 24), his, hers, its. 
lya'dar, deep, profound (of 

sleep). Cf. llap. 
iyah', go away ! be gone ! to go- 
ryah'kan, to send away, drive 


lya'la, rn-rya'la, flame ; to blaze. 
ber-rya'la, flaming, blazing. 
nja 'la-kan, to cause to blaze 

up. Cf. gdlak. 
lya'man, health ; healthy, in good 

health. Cf. sihat. " 
lya'mok, mosquito. 
lya'iyi, m-nja'nji, to sing. 

rya'nji-an, song. 

lyaViig, loud, shrill (of sounds). 
su-a'ra yarg rya'rirg, a loud 

nja'rirg-kan su-a'ra, to raise 

the voice. 

lya'ris, almost, nearly. Cf. liam- 

lya'ta, plain, evident, clear, ma- 
nifest. Cf. traiy. 


nja-t<t- nja'tn, openly. 
d'ryan tya'ta, openly. 
iijd'ln-kan, to make manifest, 

expose, reveal, explain, prove. 
k-iya'ta'an, explanation, proof, 

manifestation, revelation. 

iya'\va, life, the vital principle. 

Cf. liayat and jiwa. 
nja-wa-iya'ica {'lean, more dead 

than alive. 
bit-aiy' tya'wa, to risk one's 

ber-iya'ica, having life, living. 

lyi'lu, the sensation of having 
the teeth set on edge ; also 

Tyi'ru, an instrument used for 
winnowing rice and other 

jyi'ur, the coco-nut palm. Cf. 

bu'ah nji'ur, the coco-nut. 

lyoiya, see nonja. 


o'bah, to change, alter (intrans.). 

Cf. alch and tukar. 
o'bah-kan and m-rgo'bah, to 
change, make different, alter. 
o'bali-kan jan'ji, to break a 

o'bat, medicine. 

o'bat b-dil', gunpowder. 

o'bat gu'na, charm, magic. Cf. 

hobatan and xj'/n'r. 
l'-tlai' o'bat, dispensary. 
tit'katy o'bat, apothecary, drug- 

o'ba-ti, to cure. 
o'doh, ugly. 

o'fis (Eng.), office. Cf. gvdarg. 
ogot, see ugot, 
o lah. manner, way. 

s'o'lah and s'o-lah-o'lali, as if. 

o'lak, eddy, backwater, slu'lt<'iv<l 
side of buildings, etc. 

o'leh (106J, by, through, by 
means of. 

ber-o'leh, to possess, own, ob- 
tain possession of. 

ber-o'leh ja'sa, to get credit for 
a. good work. 

ber-o' It'll /K'r-iniii'ta'an, to ob- 
tain a request. 

bo'leh (45), able, can, may, 

f,cr-o'l<'-ltfiii, the thing obtain- 
ed, acquisition. 

o-lok-o'lok, to mock, jest, jeer 

om'bak, wave, billow. Cf. alun 
and (jloitihriHj. 

o'nak, the spines of the rattan 
palms. Cf. duri. 

ons'gas, bird; usually buroirf. 

oig'ka, a species of monkey, the 

oig'kos (D.), expenses; usually 

on'ta, camel. 

bu'rorg on'ta, ostrich. 

o'pau (B.) (Chin. IO-JMU), 

o'raig (84, 154), a person, in- 
dividual, man, people, per- 
sons. Cf. manusia, whicli 
means man as distinguished 
from other beings. 

o'raty a' nil, a certain man. 

o'raiy a'xiiy, a stranger. 

o'ratg ba'ryak, the people, the 
])opulace, a crowd. 

o'raty b-nu'a, aborigines. 

o'raiy h-sar' , chief, headman. 

o'raiy bu'kit, wild tribes. 

o'raiy da'gatg, a foreigner. 

a lam, royal household. 


o'rarg du'sun, a man from the 

o'rarg ga'ji, a hired man, ser- 


o'rarg gi'la, lunatic. 
o'rarg liu'lu, people of the in- 

o'rarg lin'tan, wild man of the 

jungle, uncouth fellow. 
o'rarg Is' lam, a Mohammedan. 
o'rarg ja'ga, a watchman. 
o'rarg ja'min, one who stands 

o'rarg ka'fir, unbelievers (non- 

Mohammedans), a term of 

o'rarg ka'ya, rich man; a title 

of Malay chiefs. 
n'rtng k-ba'rya-kan, the com- 

mon people, the majority. 
o'rarg Krix'lcii. Christians. 
o'rarg ku'lit hi'tam, dark- 

skinned races. 
o'rarg la'ut, sea-faring men, a 

tribe of Malays. 
o'rarg War, wild tribes. 
o'rarg ma'na, which man ? who? 
o'rarg nia'ti, a corpse. Cf. 

may at. 
o'rarg mu'da, young man, 

o'rarg niu'min, the faithful, 


o'rarg pen' dele, a short person. 
o'rarg pu'teli, white-skinned 

races, Europeans. 
o'rarg sa'kai, an aboriginal tribe 

of the Malay Peninsula. 
o'rarg sa'lah, convict, prisoner. 
o'rarg s-kam'porg, neighbours. 
o'rarg S-ra'ni, Eurasian. Cf. 

o'rarg t'rgali, middle-man, 

o'rarg tu'a, old man. father, 

o'rarg -u'pa-lian, day labourer, 


ba'ryak o'rarg, many persons. 

bu'kan ba-rarg-ba' rarg o'rarg, no- 
ordinary man, a remarkable 

lier'id o'rarg, another person's 

ka'ta u'raig. it is said. Cf. ko- 

neg'ri o'rarg, a country other 
than one's own. 

s 'o'rarg, a person, someone. 

s 'o'rarg a'kan ' o'rarg, with one- 

s'o'rarg di'ri, alone. 

s' o'rarg du'a, one or two per- 

s'o'rarg I' pas s'o'rarg, one after 

s'o'rarg s'o'rarg, one at a time.. 

ba'rarg s'o'rarg, whoever. 

o'tak, brain. 

o'tak tu'larg, marrow. 

o'to (B.) (Chin, io-to'}, binder 
for children. 

, ier-o'yorg-o'yorg, swaying,, 

pa', father. Cf. bapa and ayah~ 

pa'chai, species used on bodies- 
when buried. 

pa'chai, slave. 

pa'chat, the small jungle leech. 

pa'chu, in-nia'cliu, a spur, goad;, 
to spur on, urge on. 

pa'da, sufficient, satisfactory. Cf.. 

m-ma'da'i, to suffice. 

pa'da, at, on, to, according to. 
deri-pada, see den. 
k-pa'da, to (usually of per- 



pa dam, extinguished, put out 

(of fire and anger). 
pa'dam-kan, to extinguish. 

pa'dan, proper, fit, adapted, suit- 
ed to. Of. patut and layak. 

pa'daig, a plain, open country, 
as distinguished from jungle. 

pa'di, the rice plant; rice in the 
husk. Cf . bras and nasi. 

pa'di la'darg, rice grown in dry 

pa'di sa'wah, rice grown in irri- 
gated fields. 

tum'bok pa'di, to pound rice in 
a mortar to remove the husk. 

pa'd-ri (Port.), a priest, used of 
the Protestant clergy as well 
as of the Roman Catholics. 
Cf. guru and pndita. 

paduka, see pduka. 
pa'edah, see fa'idah. 

pa'gar, fence, hedge, palisade, 
stockade, wall, enclosure. 

pa' gar bu'lan, a halo round the 

pa' gar-lean, to fence in, enclose. 

pa'gi, morning ; also pa'gi ha'ri. 
pa-gi-pa'gi, early morning. 
ma' lean pa'gi, breakfast. 

pa'gut, m-ma'gut, to peck, bite 
(of birds and snakes). Cf. 

pa' ha, thigh. 

parg'Tcal pa' ha, the hip. 
pa-ha'la (Sk.), reward, recom- 
pense. Cf. balas. 
paham, see faham. 

pa'hat, m-ma'hat, -lean, chisel ; to 
chisel, carve. 

pa'hit, bitter. 

pah-la'wan (Pers.), hero, cham- 
pion; courageous. 

pa'jak (D.), contract, monopoly, 
" farm " ; to farm, take a con- 

pa'jak chan'du. opium farm. 

pa'jak ga'dai, pawnbroker's 

pa'kai, >n->ita'kai, -lean, to use, 
make use of, wear, put on, be 
clothed. Cf . Icna. 

pa'kai-an, clothes. 

pa'kai-an ku'da, harness 

pa'kai, -ni-nia'kal, to caulk. 

pa'kan, the woof in weaving. Cf. 

pa'kau (Chin.), a card game. 

pa'kat (Ar. fakat}, to confer, 
consult with, consult to- 
gether, plot, come to an 
agreement; see fakat. 

pak'sa, favourable (of wind or 

pak'sa, m-mak'sa (Sk.), to com- 
pel, force. Cf. gagdh. 

pa'ku, a nail, spike. 

pa'ku s-k-rup', screw. 
pal', in the phrases: 
bu-a-rg' pal', to tack. 
ber-pal-pal', tacking, beating to 

pa'la (Sk., fruit), the nutmeg 


bu'ah pa'la, the nutmeg. 
bu'rcia pa'la, mace. 
pa'laig, cross-bar, transverse 
beam; see alarg. Cf. linia-rg. 
pa'las, a generic name for fan 


pa'Hig (Jav.), very, exceedingly, 

most (used with adjectives to 

form the superlative degree). 

pa' ling, ber-pa'lirg, to turn the 

head or the whole body. 
pa'lirg-kan, to turn (trans.). 



pa'lis, m-ina'lis, to turn the head. 
pa'lit, m-ma'lit, to smear, daub. 
pal'kah (naut.). a liateh. 

pa'lorg, trough, manger; also 


pal'su (Port.), false, spurious. 

pa'lu, m-ma'lu, to strike, beat 
( with a stick) ; also used of 
striking certain musical in- 
struments, and of the chas- 
tening of God. Cf. gasak 
and bdal. 

pa'man, uncle ; a form of address 
to elderly men. 

pa'nah, in-ma'nah, a bow (the 
weapon of that name) ; to 
shoot with the bow. Cf. 
l> itfa r. 
a'nak pa'nali, arrow. 

pa'nas, heat, warmth, sunshine; 
hot, wann (of temperature 
or anger, but not hot of 
spices, which is pdas}. Cf. 

pa'nas lia'ti, anger. 

pa'nas t-rck', extremely hot (of \ 
the weather). 

Jiu'jan pa'nas, rain during sun- 

Hiii'sim pa'nas, the hot season. 

it-am' pa'nas, prickly heat. 

pa'nau, a disease causing large 
white patches on the skin. 

pan'cha (Sk.), five, in the ex- 

pan'cha-in'd-ra, the five senses. 

pan'cha-per-sa'da, bathing pa- 

pan'cna-wer'na, variegated. 

pan'chaig, a peg, a stake driven 
in to tie a boat to, a pile. 

Cf. fjalali. 

pan'char, m-man'char, to shoot 
out, spurt out (as liquids, 
rays of light, etc.). Cf. 

pan'chiig, m-man'chirg (Jav.), 
to fish with the line ; = Malay 

pan'choig, the extremity of a 
garment; to cut off the end 
of anything, cut off the head. 

pan'chur, to spurt out horizon- 
tally or downwards. Cf. 

pan' cliu-ran , gutter, water-pipe, 
eaves' trough. Cf. saluran. 

pan'chut, to spurt upwards (of 

pan'dai (146), skilful, expert, 
clever; a skilled workman. 
Cf. bijak. 

. pan'dai b-si', blacksmith ; usual- 
ly tukarg bsi. 

k-pan'dai-an, skill, proficiency, 

pan dak, see pen-dele* 

pan'dan, the screw-pine. Cf. 

pan'daig, m-man'darg (149), to 
look, look at, behold, gaze at. 
Cf. Hhai and tergok. 

pan'daiy mu'dah, to look down 

p-man-da' rgan , sight, view. 

pandita, see pndita. 
pan^eran, see prgeran. 
panj;gal, se pry gal. 

panj'ganj, roasted; to roast. Cf. 
diaiy and jrarg. 

paig'gil, m-marg'gil, to call, send 
for, call by name, invite. 

, a stage, platform. 



ru'mak parg'gorg, a house built 

on poles. 

paig'kal, the basal end of a thing, 
as the trunk of a tree, the 
haft of a weapon, etc. 
parg'kal hi'dorg, the bridge of 

the nose. 

parg'kal pa'ha, the hip. 
parg'ka-lan, landing place. 
parg'kat, stage, platform, tier; 

rank, position; see argkat. 
parg'ku, m-marg'lcu, the lap; to 
carry on the lap or bosom, or 
in the arms ; to hold supreme 
authority, govern in place of 

parg'ku-an, the lap or bosom. 
marg'ku bu'mi, prime minister. 
paiglima, see prglima. 
paig'sa, sections of certain fruits, 

as oranges, durians, etc. 
pan'jarg (36, Note), long ; length 
(both of time and distance). 
Cf. Ian jut and lama, 
pan'janf ha'ti, patient, forbear- 

pan'jarg li'dali, talkative, gar- 
pan'jaiy pen'dek. of unequal 


s-pan'jarg lia'ri, all day long. 
s-pan'jarg ja'lan, all the way. 
pan'jarg-kan, to lengthen, pro- 

pan'jat, m-man'jat, to climb, 
climb up. Cf. nail; and 
pan-ji-pan'ji, banner. Cf. tiuy- 

pan'tai, shore, beach, bank (of 

the sea or of a river) . 
pan'taig, m-man'targ, -kan, pro- 
hibited, tabooed ; to prohibit, 
abstain from. Cf. lararg and 

pan'tas, agile, nimble, sin.irL 

pan'tat, the base, lower or hinder 
part of a thing; the buttocks, 
Cf. purggorg and bu-nf.nl. 

pan'tun, rhyming verses of four 
lines. Cf. gurinduni JUKI .-- 

ber-pan'tnn, to improvise 01 re- 
cite pantuns. 

pa'pa (Sk.), poor, in want, neces- 
sitous. Cf. miskttt 

pa'pan, plank, board. 

pa'pan cha'tur, chessboai.'l. 
pa'pan clio'ki, a draughtboard 
pa'pan lan'tai, floor boards. 
pa'pan loh' , a slate. 
mu'ka pa'pan, impudent. 
ru'mak pa'pan, a house built of 

pa'ra, shelf. 

pa'rah, severe (of wounds). 

pa'rarg, m-ma'rarg, a chopping 

knife; to cut with such a 

knife or a sword. Cf. tla-k. 

i'kan pa'rarg, a very bony fislt 

shaped like a sword. 
yu' pa'rarg, the saw-fish. 

pa'ras, the face, countenance. 
pa'rau, hoarse. Cf. garnn. 
pa'ri, the skate and similar fish- 
pa'rit, a trench, ditch, channel. 
paroh, see sparoli. 
pa'roh, beak, bill (of birds). CL 

pa gut and patok. 
Parsi, see Farsi. 
pa-ru-pa'ru, the lungs. 
pa'rut, a scar. Cf. biltir. 
pa'rut, to rasp, grate. 

pa'ru-tan, a rasp: a board ont 

which coco-nut is grated. 
pa'sak, a spike, wooden peg. 



pasal, see /">,,/. 

pa'sarg, iii-iiuisaiy, to fit to- 
gether, set. fix, fasten, adjust 
as in putting up machinery, 
harnessing horses, setting 
traps, etc.); to set fire to, 
light a fire, discharge fire- 
arms; flood tide. Cf. rakit 
and susun. 

jiti'xanj a' pi, to light a fire. 
jHi'*ai</ b-dil', to fire a shot. 
j.ii'wuf/ fjon'dah, neap tide. 
/"/'*/</ j-rat' ' , to set a snare. 

p-li'ta, to light a lamp. 
p-noli' , high tide. 
i-li'ii/a, to listen. 
pa'sarg, flood tide, 
a pair. 

pa'sar (Pers.), market. Cf. 

pa'seh (Ar. fasih), eloquent, in 
speech. Cf. piidh. 

pa 'sir, sand. Cf. kersek. 

</<i'la jia'sir, granulated or moist 


pa'sok, in its derivative : 

pn'so-kan, a troop, company or 
regiment of soldiers. 

pa'song, the stocks, handcuffs. 

Cf. blutggu. 

rn'mali pa'soiy, lock-up, police 
station. Cf. balai. 

pasti, see psii. 

pa'su, earthenware bowl, basin, 
flower-pot. Cf. margkok and 


pa'tah, in -ma' tali, -kan, to break, 
break across, snaj) (as long, 
brittle things). Cf. pcliali 
and putus. 

pa' tnli />(>;/' garg, to "break 
one's back " (carrying heavy 
burdens, e.g., a child). 

pa'tah p-raty', to break (of a 

line of battle). 

pa'tah sa'yap, to break a wing. 
pa'tah tu'larg, to break a bone. 
s-pa'tah ka'ta, one word. 

pa'teh (Jav.), a title given to 

prime ministers. 

pa'tek, slave; I, me (used in ad- 
dressing a king). Cf. ham- 


pa'tif, the small Malay adze. 
pat'lot (D.), lead pencil. 
pa'tok, iii-niti't(fk, to peck, bite 
(of birds and snakes). Cf. 


pa'toig, a statue, image. 
pa't-rum, cartridge = ptniin. 
pa'tut, right, proper, fit, suitable, 

adapted; ought (^5). Cf. 

pa'tut d'ryan, adapted to. Cf. 


pa'tut-kan, to adapt, harmonize. 
pau', a measure of capacity (see 

end of Grammar). 
pa'us, i'Tcan pa' us, the whale. 
pa'ut, ber-pa'nt, to hold fast, pull 

pa'waig, medicine-man, sorcerer, 

guide, pilot. 

pa'ya, marsh, swamp, bog. 
pa'yah, difficult, heavy, severe 

(as work or sickness). 
pa'yar, m-nia'yar, to cruise. 
pa'yoii:, umbrella. 

pa'yorg ker'tas, a Chinese um- 
p'chah, m-m'chah, to break in 

pieces, fracture, shatter, 

break up; to break up or 

disperse (of a body of troops 

or a crowd). Cf. jmtali and 




p' cli ah Jcli a' bar, the news spread. 
p-chat', ni-m-Hiat', to depose, de- 
throne, reduce from a higher 
to a lower rank. 

fcr-p-chat' , deposed. 
p-darg', sword. 

cha'bot i>-daty' , to draw a 

Tin- mis p-darg', to draw a sword. 

sa'rorg p-darg 1 ' , scabhard. 

p-das', pungent, hot. 

p-da'ti (Jav.), cart, waggon. Cf. 

p-deh', pain; to smart, be sore 

(as a wound or the heart). 

Cf. bisa. 

p-do'man (Jav.), compass. 
ma'ta p-do'man, the divisions 

on the compass card. 

p-du'ka (Sk., shoes), a title of 
Malay princes. Cf. leans. 

p-du'li (Ar. fadluli), to care, 
trouble oneself, concern one- 

p-du'li-kan, to care for, take 
trouble about. 

pe'gaig (B.), to hold = p<7r</. 

pe'lat, lisping, inarticulate 
speech. Cf. telur. 

pen'chaig, lame. Cf. temparg 
and cltapek. 

pen'dek, short, low in stature; 

also pan dak. 
perg'san, a swoon, fainting fit; 

to faint. Cf. pitam. 

pe'rak, silver. 

pe'raqg;, brown, reddish-brown. 
per'ba (8k.), per'ba lea' la, an- 
cient, in former times. 

per'cha, in the phrases: 
ff'tah per'clia, gutta perch a. 
ii'laii er'clia, Sumatra. 

per-cha'ya (Sk.). to 

trust. Cf. iiinin ami li(im/i. 

per-rha'ya'i, to trust (a per- 
son), have faith in. 

Tt+per-cha'ya'an, trustworthy. 

per'chek, to sprinkle: see rebels 
perchuma, see dm nm. 

per-da'na, in the phrase : 

per-da'na nnt't-ii, prime miui>- 

per'du, trunk of a tree, stem of 

a plant. 

per'gam, the large wood pigeon. 
per'gi (49), to go, go away, de- 
part. Cf. jalan. 
per'gi ba'iek, there and back, to* 

and fro. 

ba'wa per'yi, to take away. 
p-ni 'gi-an, departu re. 
peristewa, see perstua. 
per-ka'kas, tools, utensils, in- 
struments. Cf. alat. 
per-ka'kas k-ra'ja'<ui, royal in- 

per-ka'kas ni'mah, furniture. 
per-ka'ra (Sk.), thing, article^ 

a If air, subject. Cf. bararn. 
per-ka'sa (Sk.), bravo, valiant; 

usually brani. 
per'kat, mucilage, paste. Cf_ 


per-la-han', per-la-lian'-la-lian' f 
p-la-lian'-p-la-hari and p- 
lan'-p-lan', slowly, softly. 
gently. Cf. lainbat. 

per'lu (Ar. farflln), obligatory 
(as a religious duty). 

per-ma-du'ni, carpet. Cf. //- 

per'mai, beautiful, lovely. Cf. 

per-mai-su'ri (Sk.), queen: also* 
raja prcmpvan. 



perman, see firman. 
per-ma'ta (Sk.), precious stone, 

jewel. Cf. inanikam. 
b-per-ma'ta, jewelled, set with 

precious stones. Cf. tatali. 
per-mi'si (!>.), permission, a 


per'nah, ever. 

b-lum' per'nah, never yet, never. 
ti-a'da per'nah, never. 

per-na'ma (Sk.), full (of the 

bu'lan per-na'ma, full moon. 

persagi, see sgi. 
per-s-tua' (Sk.), in the phrase, 
s-lca'li per-x-Ma, it happened, 

once upon a time. 
per-ta'ma (:}4) (Sk.), first; also 

yaig pertama. 
per-ta'ma-ta'ma, firstly, first 

of all, in the first place. 

Cf. mill a. 

per-wa'ra (Pers.), court ladies. 
per-wi'ra (Sk.), heroic. 
pes'ta (Port.), festival. 
petah, see pitah. 

pe'tak, compartment, division 
(in ships, houses or rows of 
houses) flower beds or simi- 
lar divisions in nurseries. 

p-gaig', m-m-ga-rg', to hold, take 
hold of, grasp, keep, control. 
= (B.) pegarg. Cf. pant. 

p-garg' 'a dot, to observe a cus- 

p-garg' k-mn'di, to steer. 

p-garg' p-rcn'tah, to hold autho- 

p-ga'rgan. that which is held or 
controlled, charge, task, vo- 
cation, office. 

p-ga'wai, officer, official. 

phala, see paliala. 

pi-a'la (Pers.), drinking cup. 
Cf. chawan. 

pi-aig'gaig, a stink bug. 

pi-a'ra (B.), to take care of, keep 
(as animals), nurture, bring 
up (as children) = pliJwra, 

pi-a'tu, orphan; also anak piatu. 

Cf. yatim. 
; pi'chak = pichek, q.v. 

| pi'chek, narrow, confined, limit- 
ed. Cf. smpit. 

pi 'chit, m -mi' chit, to pinch, nip. 
pi'hak, side, quarter, flank, party. 
pihutaig, see 'hutanj. 

pi'jak, m-mi'jak, to tread on, 
stamp on. Cf. injak, irek, 
and laiyak. 

pi'jat, a bed-bug; also Tcutu bu- 

pi'kat, a horse-fly. 

pi'kat, m-mi'lfat, to catch birds 

with birdlime. 

p-mi'kat, a decoy bird; a bird 

pikir, see fiJcir. 

pi'kul, m-mi'kul, to carry on the 
shoulders or back ; a measure 
of weight =133 Ibs. 

pi'Ieh, m-mi'leh, to choose, select, 

pi'le-han, chosen, elect. 

pi' lu, moved, affected, troubled, 

agitated. Cf. rawan. 
pirn 'pin, m-mim'pin, to hold or 
lead by the hand, guide, lead. 
p-mim'pin, a guide. 
pi'naig, m-mi-Haiy, the betel-nut 
palm : to ask in marriage, 
make an offer of marriage. 



pu'lau Pi' nary, Penang. 

pin'dah, ber-/>ht,'dak, to move 
from one place to another, 
migrate, move house. Cf. 

pin'dah-kon, to remove a thing, 
transport, transplant, trans- 

piig'gan, a large plate, a dish. 
Cf. piriiy. 

piig'gaig, the waist. 

bu'ah pirg'gaiy, the kidneys. 
. i'kat pirg'gaiy, belt, girdle. 

piig'gir (Jav.), edge, border, 

shore. Cf. tpi. 
pi rj^it, confined, secluded (of 

pin 'jam, m-min'jam (149), to 

borrow, or lend. 
b-ri' pin' jam, to lend. 
min'ta pin' jam, to borrow. 
pin' jam-ban, to lend (a thing). 

pin'ta, m-min'ta, to request, ask; 
see minta. 

pin'tal, m-min'tal, to twist, spin 
thread. Cf. rahat. 

pin tar (Jav.), clever. 

pin tas, m-min'tas, to make a 
short cut, cut across. Cf. 

pin'tu, door, gate. 

pin'tu ger'bavg, the gate of a 
fort or city. 

pin'tu pa! gar, gate of a fence. 

bn'dol pin'tu, threshold. 

chu'kai pin'tu, house assess- 

j-narg' pin'tu, door posts. 

p-nuig'gu pin'tu, door-keeper. 

pi'pa (Port.), a barrel. 
pi'peh, flat, smooth. 
pi 'pi, the cheeks. 

pi'pis, m-nii'pis, to bray or grind 
on a stone, as spices. Cf. 

pi'pit, a generic name for birds 

of the sparrow tribe. 
pirasat = firasat, q.v. 

pi'riqg;, plate, saucer (smaller 

than pirggan), 
pi'sarg, banana, plantain. 
pi sati, knife. 

pi'sau chu'kor, razor. 
pi'sau li'pat, a pocket knife. 
pi'sau ra"ut, a small knife used 

for cleaning rattans. 
ma'ta pi'sau, the edge or blade 
of a knife. 

pi'ta (Port), ribbon, tape. 

pi'tah, usually pi'tah li'dah, elo- 
quent. Cf. paseli. 

pi'tam, giddiness, swoon, fit. 
Cf. pergsan. 

pi'tis, a very small native coin 
of tin or copper. 

pi'ut, great-great grandchild. 
p-jam', m-m-jam', to close (of 

the eyes) ; also Tcjam. 
p-kak', deaf; also tuli. 
p-kakas, see perkakas. 

p-kan', a market; a town. Cf. 

p-kat', thick, glutinous (of 

fluids) = kntal. Cf. cha'ir. 
p-kek', m-m-kek' , to shriek (of 

p-ker'ti (Sk.), nature, disposi- 

tion, character, conduct. Cf. 

pratyai and tabi'at. 
p-konj', the largest ulcers. 
plahan, see perlahan. 
p-la'min and p-la' mi-nan , ihe 

bridal bed, or sleeping place 



set -apart for a newly married 

p-Ian'-p-lan', slowly; see -per- 

p-la'na, saddle. Cf. sela. 
p-lan'dok, the mouse-deer = kan- 

r/til. (T. rum and kijanj. 
p-la'rgi, rainbow. 

p-lan'tiig, ter-p-lan'tiig, stretch- 
ed out, sprawling. Cf. jru- 


plbagai, see bagai. 
p-le'chok, ter-p-le'cliok, sprain- 
ed, strained. 

p-lek', strange, uncommon. 

p-le'kat, a certain kind of sarorg 
made in British India. 

p-li-ha'ra, mm-li-lia'ra-kan (Sk.), 
to take care of, protect, keep 
(86), preserve, nourish, 
maintain, bring up (as chil- 
dren) = (B.) piara, q.v. Cf. 
1<'r-/)-!i-lia'ra, kept, preserved. 

p-li'pis, the temples. 

p-lir', the male organs of gener- 

p-li'ta | IVrs. ), lamp. Cf. lam pit. 
pa' dam p-li'ta, to put out a 

pa'saiy p-li'ta, to light a lamp. 

p-lm'pap, a hand's breadth. Cf. 

p-Ioh', biT-p-loh', sweat, per- 
spiration; to perspire. 

p-lok', m-m-lok', to embrace, 

hug. Cf. dakap. 
p-lok' le'liir, to embrace. 
ber- p-lok' tu'boh, to fold the 


s-p-m-lok' ' , a measure for girth 
of trees, about 5| feet. 

p'l-pah', the branch of a palm- 

p-lu'ru (Port.), bullet. 

p-nat' (146), tired, weary. Cf. 
llah and Iteh. 

pn'dirg, a belt buckle. 

pn-di'ta (Sk.), scholar, learned 
man; (in Neth. India) pro- 
testant clergyman. Cf. 'alirn. 

p-iga'nan (Jav. ), cakes, confec- 
tionery. Cf. k-uelt. 

p-rifan tin (Jav.), bride, bride- 
groom = (B.) kmaniin. Cf. 

p-ige'ran (Jav.), a title of prin- 
ces of high ic'iik. 

pig'gal, m-mrg'gal, -kan, to cut 
off, cut through, sever, am- 
putate. Cf. krat. 

pig-ga'wa (Sk.), military officer, 
court official. 

prg-hu'lu, chief; see hulu. 
pr^-ka'Ian, landing-place; s^e 


prg-li'ma, a military officer. 
p-niig', dixxy, giddy. Cf. pusiry. 
p-ni'ti (Port.), pin. 
pn-ja'ra (Sk.), prison, gaol. Cf. 

ter-pn-ja'ra, imprisoned. 

pn-ja'ra-kan, to imprison. 

pn-ju'rit (Jav.), robber, thief. 
pn-ju'ru, a corner, an angle. 
Cf. sempary. 

p-noh', full. 

/i-noli' x-*ak', brimful. 
p-no'hi, to fill up, make full. 
Cf. w;' and m mil. 

pn'tas, the raised platform f in 
native houses on which they 
pit and sleep. Cf. katil. 



p-iyu', sea-turtle. Cf. katotg. 
po'-ho' (Chin.), peppermint. 

po'hon, tree; origin, beginning. 
po'hon ka'yu, a tree. 

po'hon, m-mo'lion. -kan, to re- 
quest, ask for, beg, beseech. 
nw'hon, ber-mo'hon, to ask 
leave to go, excuse oneself, 
take leave. 

po'kok, plant, tree; origin, 
source; capital, principal. 
Cf. modal, 
po'kok a'rgin. storm cloud. 

po'lan, (Ar. fulan), so-and-so = 
nun; also si-polan. 

po'lis (Eng.), police. 

po'lonj, a kind of evil spirit, 
demon. Cf. hantu and jin. 

pon'dok, hut, small house, shed. 
Cf. bargsal. 

poig'kis, an open basket for 
carrying earth. 

pontianak, see puntiandk. 
pon'toh, an armlet. 
pos' (Eng.), post, mail. 

pp'tonj, m-mo'torg, to cut, cut 

off, deduct; to kill animals 

for food. Cf. krat and sm- 


po'torg le'Jiir, to cut the throat. 

p-rah', m-m-rah', to press or 
squeeze out (as the juice of 
fruits, or milk). 

p-ra'hu, a native vessel, boat. 
a'nak p-ra'hu, sailor, boatman. 
na'ik p-ra'hu , to go on board 
a vessel. 

p-ram', to keep fruits so that 
they may ripen after being 
taken from the tree. 

p-ran'chah, scaffolding, staging. 

p-raig', bf.r-p-ranj' , war. battle: 

to fight, be at war. 
p-rarg' sa-bil' ', holy war (against 

i'kat p-rarg' ' , to form a line of 


ka'pal p-rary', warship. 
pa'tah p-rarg' and p'chah p- 

rarg', to break (of a line of 

battle), break the ranks. 

p-ra'igai, character, disposition, 

nature. Cf. jtki-i-ti and tabi'ut. 

p-rarg'gu (Jav.), a suit (of 

clothes), set (of dishes, etc.). 

p-raig'kap, trap. < T. jmt and 

p-ran'jat, in its derivative: 

ter-p-ran'jat, starred. (T. kjut. 
p-ra'wan, a young girl, virgin. 

Cf. dara. 

p-rek'sa, ni-ni-ri>k'xa (Sk.), to 
examine, investigate, in- 
quire; inquiry, investigation. 
Cf. slidek and siasat. 
Tcu'rarg p-rek'sa, I don't know. 
p-re'man (Eng.), civilian, free 

from Government service. 
p-rem'pu-an, woman : feminine, 

female (87). Cf. btina. 
p-rem'pu-an jan'da, a widow. 
d'nak p-rrni' pit-on, a girl. 
p-rei^'gan, boundary = perhirg- 

<l'<in, see hirgga. 
p-ren'tah, m-m-ren'tah, -kan, 
order, command, authority ; 
to command, rule, rule over, 

d'rgan p-ren'iali, by order. 
p-yarg' p-ren'inJi, to hold au- 

/i-in-ren'taJi, governor. 
p-ri' (Pers.), fairy. 

p-ri', manner, style, way, con- 
dition. Cf. hal 



/,-//" /ml', condition, circum- 

fi-riknii, to describe, explain. 

p-ri'gi, a well. 

i'f.-at p-ri'ui. the masonry with 

\vliicli a well is lined. 
p-rin*', stinking. 
priiggi, sir fnnjgi. 
p-ri'ok, cooking pot (of earthen- 
ware or metal). Cf. kunli 
and blaiga. 

/i-ri'ok a'pi, bombshell. 
p-ri'sai, a shield. 
p-ro'sok, tcr-p-ro'sok, to fall 

through, fall into a hole. 
p-rot', the abdomen, intestines 
(stomach, bowels or womb). 
ji-rot' ko'xHiu, starving, famish- 

i'xi />-iot', the intestines. 
p-rum' (Kur.), a sounding lead. 

Cf. duyn. 
p-sa', the beam on which the 

cloth is rolled in weaving. 
p-sa'ka (Sk.), inheritance, heir- 
loom; also ptuaka. 
l>-x<i'kn'i. to inherit. 
p-san', in-in-san', -kail, -i, order, 
command, commission ; to 
command, give an order or 
commission. Cf. hukuw. 
ber-p-san', to give orders. 
ji-xti-'ntui, order, command, 

p-sa'ra = pasar, q.v. 
p-sa'\vat, a machine, machiner)'. 

Cf. injin and jntra. 
p-se'ban (Jav.). hall, 
p-si-arg', /t-xi-iuy'kan (B.), to 
|MV|. skin: to beat violently. 

p-sok', a hole or perforation ( as 
in clothes or pots and pan- ) : 
]unctuivd, perforated. 

p-sok' kan, to make a Iiole in a 

thing, puncture. 
pstaka, see pustdka. 
ps'ti (Jav.), certain, sure, of 

course = Malay tntu. 

p'ta, map, plan, delineation, 

p-ta'lin?, a hardwood tree. 

p-taig', afternoon; also ptaiy 

p-tas', fire crackers. Cf. mer- 

p-tek', nt-m-tfk', to pluck (as 
flowers, fruits, etc.) ; to 
strike the strings of a harp. 

p-ti'. (Tarn.), box. Cf. kpok. 
}>-1i' b-$i', iron safe. 

p-tir', a peel of thunder. Cf. 
guroh and kilat. 

ptra, see putra. 

p-t-ra'na, a ceremonial seat or 
throne used by princes. 

p't-ri, solder. 

p-t-rum', cartridge. 

p-tu'a (Ar. fatwa), decision, 

judgment, advice. 
pu-a'ka, an evil spirit; haunted, 


pu-a'lam (Tarn.), marble. Cf. 

pu'an, a metal tray for betel-nut. 
pu-as', satisfied, content, sati- 
ated. Cf. jinn and knnja-ry. 
pu-as' lean, to satisfy. 
pu-a'sa (Sk.), fast, fasting. 
bu'ka pii-n'vi, to cease fasting. 
hii'Jtiii /,n-ti'sa, the fasting 


bcr-j>n-<i'xii. resting: to fast. 
pu'chat, pale (of colours and 
the complexion). 



pu'chok, a shoot, sprout ; numer- 
ical coefficient of letters and 
firearms (84). 

pu'choig, the purp'.e heron. 

pu'ja (8k.), to perform religious 
ceremonies (only lined of 
Hindu rites). 

pu'ji, m-mu'ji (Sk.), praise, com- 
mendation; to praise, laud, 

pu'ji-an, words of praise or 

pu-ji-pu' 'ji-an , the complimen- 
tary introduction to a Malay 

pu'jok, m-mu'jok, to coax, entice, 
persuade: also bujok. 

pu'kat, m-mu'lcat, a seine net;, to 
fish with the seine net. 

pu'kol, m-mu'~kol, to strike, hit, 
beat, knock ; also used of the 
hours in reckoning time. Cf . 
palu, gasalc, bdal. 

pu'kol b-ra'pa (37), what time 
is it? 

pu'kol du'a, two o'clock. 

pu'kol ka'wat, to telegraph. 

pu'la, again, moreover, in addi- 
tion, over again. 

pu'laig (49), to return, go back 
to the place a person or 
thing came from, go home. 
Cf. balek and kmbali. 
pu'laiy-kan, to return, send 
back, restore. 

pu'Ias, m-mu'las, to wring, twist. 

pu-la'san, an edible fruit, simi- 
lar to the rambutan. 
pu'lau, an island. 

pu'leh, recovered, restored, re- 

pu'loh, a numeral which forms 
the multiples of ten; in 

speaking of indefinite num- 
bers this word is used ;i- 
we say "dozens" or "scoi 

du'a pu'loh, twenty. 

s-pu'loh, ten. 

da lam x-im'loh *a'tu, one in 
ten, a tithe. 

pu'lut, glutinous rice; also ///./.<. 

pun', also, and, even. Cf. dan. 
a' da pun (133), a punctuation^ 


ms'ki pun, although. 
s-ka'li pun (144), even. 
s'o'rarg pun ti-ada, no one. 
surg'goh pun (144), although. 

pu'nai, green pigeons. 

pun'cha, the corner of a clotlt 
or garment, end of a rope.. 
Cf. panchoig. 

pun'chak, top, point, summit ;. 

usually Tcmuncliak. 
pun-di-pun'di, purse, morn- v-kii:.. 

puig'gah, m-murg'yali, to un- 
load, discharge cargo. 
puig'gok, an owl. 

puig'goig, the back or hind part 
of a thing, the back of a 
knife, the buttocks. Cf. 
buntut and pan tat. 

pu'igut, m-mu'rgut, to pick up r 

take up, gather, glean. 
pu'rgut cliu'lcai, to collect taxes- 
pun'tau (B.) (Chin.), dust pan. 

pun-ti-a'nak, a kind of evil 

pun'toig, a half-burnt log or 
stick, the stump of a cigar. 

pu'iya (12, 14, 15, 24), the po- 
sessive particle. Cf. om- 

pu'pu, a degree of relationship. 


sau-da'ra s-pu'pu, first cousins. 
sau-da'ra dn'a J>II'/HI, second 

pu'pus, bereft. 
pu'put, to blow, make a blast of 

air. Cf. hmbtts and Hop. 
pu'pu-tan, bellows. 

pu-ra-pu'ra, in pretence, pre- 
tending, feigning, sham, 
pu'ru, sore, ulcer. Cf. bisul and 


L'd'lak pu'ru, a toad. 
pusaka, see psaka. 
pu'sar, to cause to revolve hori- 

pu'sa-ran a'ryin, whirlwind. 
pu'sat, the navel; the centre of 

a thing. 

pu'sirg, ber-pu'suy, to revolve, 
turn round (inintns.). Cf. 
pu'sirg Tc-pa'la, giddy, confused. 

Cf. pnirg and birgoiy. 
pu'sirg-kan, to cause to revolve. 
pus-ta'ka (Sk.), a book of 

charms or magic formulae. 
pu'tar, m-mu'tar. to turn, cause 
to revolve. Cf. kisar and 

pu'tar ba'lek, fickle, vacillat- 
ing, capricious. 
pu'ta-ran, windlass, capstan. 
pu'teh, white. 

pu'teh ma'ta, disappointed. 
pu'teh t-lor' , the white of an 


lia'ti pu'teh, a clear conscience. 
o'rarg pu'tt'h, European. 
pu'tdi-kan, to bleach. 
pu'tek, fruit when just set. 
pu'tin?, the pointed end of any- 
thing made to fit into a hole; 
a plug. 

pu'tirg b-li'org, water-spout. 
pu't-ra (88) (Sk.), son (of a 

king), prince. 
pu't-ri (88) (Sk.), daughter (of 

a king), princess. 
pu'tus, in-iu u'tus, -kan, broken 
by tension (as ropes), broken 
oft, discontinued, ceased, 
finished, ended; to break by- 
tension, end, conclude. 

pu'tus a'sa, without hope, in 

pu'tus bi-cha'ra, to end a con- 
sultation by coming to a de- 

putus harap = putus asa. 

pit' tits liu'kum, to pass judg- 
ment, pronounce sentence. 

pu'tus tya'ira, to die. 

ti-a'da ber-k-pu'tn-tan, without 
interruption, without ceas- 
ing, without end. 
pu'yoh, quail. 


ra'ayat, see r' at/at. 

ra'ba, ni-ra'ba, to feel, touch, 

fumble, grope. 

rab'bi (Ar.), my Lord, Lord. 
ra'bek (B.), to tear, rend. 
ra'bit, frayed, torn at the edge. 
ra'bok, tinder, touchwood. 
ra'boig, ridge pieces on a tap 

ra'bu, lia'ri ra'bu, Wednesday 

ra'bun, !-ra'[>i<n, to smoke r 


ra'chun, poison. Cf. bi*<t. 
k'na rn'clnin, to be poisoned. 
ma'kfin m'chitn, to take poison. 

ra'dak, m-ra'dak, -kan. to thrust, 
(.ivtods i? tpi.vv >'u) ;[od 



ra"eh, itt-ru"<-li. to draw towards 
oneself: to cut with a sickle 
or a knife with the edge 
towards one. Cf. ra'ut. 

ra'ga, a roughly made basket; 
the Malay football. Cf. 

se'pak ra'ga, to play the Malay 
game of football. 

ra'gam, kinds, varieties (especi- 
ally of colours and sounds) ; 
whim, caprice. 
m-ra'gam, to be capricious. 

ra'gi, leaven, yeast. Cf. khamir. 

ra'han*, the jaw. 

hi'larg ra'harg, jawbone. 

ra hat, a machine for spinning 
thread. Cf. pintal. 

ra'him (Ar.), womb. Cf. prot. 

ra him (Ar.), merciful, pitiful, 
compassionate. Cf. murah. 

rah man (Ar.), ar-rah-man, The 

rah mat (Ar.), mercy, compas- 
sion, pity; grace, favour. 
Cf. kaseh. 

rah'si-a (Sk.), secret; a secret; 
sometimes pronounced ruh- 
sia. Cf. smbuni. 

bu'ka rah'si-a, to reveal a se- 

ta'roli rah'si-a and sim'pan 
rah'si-a, to keep a secret. 

ra'ja (Sk.), king, prince; one of 
the pieces in the game of 
chess; see chatur. 

ra'ja mu'da, the heir to the 

ra'ja p-rem'pu-an, queen. Cf. 

a'nak ra'ja, prince. 

bn'roiy ra'ja liu'tJarg, king- 

m'ja ira'li, eagle. 
ra'ja, a king's servants 

or retainers. 
rna-ha.-ra'ja, a great king, a 

Malay title. 
ber-ra'ja (114), having a kiig, 

governed by a king. 
m'ja-kan, to proclaim or make 

a person king. 
k-ra'ja'an, kingdom. 
ber-k-ra'ja'an, reigning, having 

a kingdom. 

ra'jin, diligent, industrious. Cf. 

ra'jok, m-ra'jok, sullen, surly, 
sulky; to be sulky, be ill- 

ra-k'ah' (Ar.), prostration, 
genuflexion; the series of 
postures used by the Moham- 
medans in prayer. 

ra'kit, a raft: to fit together in 
an orderly arrangement. 
Cf. pasaiy and susun. 

rakna, see ratna. 

rak'sa, mercury, quicksilver. 

rak-sa'sa (Sk.), a kind of evil 
spirit, a giant. Cf. gerga-si. 

ra'mah, familiar, intimate. 
ber-ra'mah-ra'ma-han, having 
friendly or intimate rela- 

ra'mai, crowded, numerous, 
ra mas, m-ra'mas, to knead, 
ram'hai, an edible fruit. 

ram'bot, the hair of the head, 
the mane of horses. Cf. bulu 
and roma. 

ram hu- tan, an edible fruit. 
Cf. pulnsan. 

ram'dlan (Ar.), the Moham- 
medan fasting month. 



ra'mi, the Indian flax. 

ram'pas, m-mm'pas, to pillage, 
plunder, loot. Cf. rompak 
and samon. 
ram'pa-san, pillage, booty. 

ra'mu, m-ra'mu, to collect ma- 

ra'mu-an, materials for build- 
ings, etc. 

ran'choig, m-rari 'cliorg , to cut 
to a point (as a pen). 

ran'dok, kam'biig ran'dok, a 
hair} r he-goat. 

'raig', m -ig-ra irf , to groan; also 
/* ran/. 

raig'ka, skeleton, framework. 

raig'kak, m -ran)' leak, crawl on 
hands and feet (as children). 

ran'jarg, a large bed, 

ran iau. a ealtroj), pointed stakes 
so placed as to impede an 

ran'tai, a chain. 

fin'jn ran'tai, coat of mail. Cf. 

ran'tau, a reach in a river, a 

stretch of coast line. 
t-lok' ran' tan, the sinuosities of 

a river or coast. 
ni-niii' fa H. to coast. 

ran'tiig, leafless twigs. Cf. cha- 

ra'num, overripe. 

ra"on?, in->ti''org, to groan, howl, 
roar (as in pain). Cf. kloh, 
and 'ranj. 

ra'pat, in -m' pat, close to, in con- 
tact with, touching: to he 
near or in contact. Cf. rrg- 

ra'pat-kan, to put close to- 
gether, join. 

ra'pek, tn-ra'pck, to talk non- 

ra'poh, fragile, brittle. 
ras' (Hind.), reins. 

ra'sa, m-ra'sa (Sk.), feeling, 
sensation, taste; to feel, 

ra'sa ha'ti, the feelings. 

ra'sa-tya, it seems, it appears. 

s-ra'sa, as if. 

ra'sa 'i, to feel, experience, un- 
dergo, endure, suffer. 

per-ra'sa'an, the feelings, pei 1 - 

ra'si (Sk.), s-ra'si, suitable, well 

ra'sok, m-ra'sok, to attack, pos- 
sess (of evil spirits). Cf. 

ra'sok, floor beams, on which the 
joists rest. Cf. glgar. 

ra sul (Ar.), apostle. 
ra'ta (Sk.), a chariot. 

ra'ta, flat, level, even; all over, 

everywhere. Cf. datar. 
clia'ri m'ta, to search every- 

m'ma ra'ta, on the same leve]. 
ra'ta-kan, to level, make flat or 


ra'tap, in-ra'tap, to wail. 
rat'na (Sk.), jewel, princess; 

sometimes rakna. 
ra'tu (Jav.), king, prince. 
ra'tus, hundred. 

du'a ni'tnx, two hundred. 
s- ra'tus, one hundred. 
ber-ra'tux-ra'tufi, hundreds. 

ra"ut, m-ra"ut, to whittle, cut 

with a small knife (with the 

edge away from the body). 

Cf. m'eli: 

ra"n-tan. rattan: usually rotan. 

ra'wan, emotion, rapture; moved. 
Cf. pilu. 



ra'wi (Ar.), historian. 

ra'ya, great; in such phrases asi 
hn'ri ra'ya, festival. 
i'ti-itn ra'ya, whale. Cf. pans, 
ja'lan ra'ya, .high road, main 

ra'yap, m-ra'yap, to crawl, creep 
(of insects and plants) ; to 
spread (as a disease). Cf. 
jalar, rargkak and jarykit 

r'a'yat (Ar.), subjects, the com- 
mon people; soldiers of the 
rank and file. 

r'ba, felled timber. 

r-bab' (Ar.), the native violin. 
Cf. biola. 

r'bah, to fall (of the human 
body, trees, etc.) Cf. turn-' 

r'ban, a fowl-house. 

r-ba'na, a native drum which is 
struck with the hand. Cf. 

r-boig', edible bamboo shoots. 

r-bot' t m-r-bot', -kan, to snatch, 
seize, take by violence. 

r'bus, boiled; to boil. Cf. didcli. 

r'chek, m-r'chek, sprinkled, spat- 
: tered; to sprinkle; also p- 

r'cJiek or per'chek. Cf. rnjis 

and siram. 

r'da, to abate, diminish. 
r-dop', cloudy, overcast, obscured. 

re'al (Port.), dollar; usually 

re'di, a hammock-litter, used by 
Chinese women at Malacca. 

re'dla (Ar.), satisfied, content, 
willing. Cf. knan and sudi. 

re'ja, snips or scraps of paper or 

re'mah, crumbs, the fragun-iii- 
of food that remain on tin- 
table or floor after eating- 
and are thrown away; as- 
opposed to sisa, which i> tin- 
food left over and saved lor 
others to eat or for a future- 

ren'daig, leafy, having thick 
foliage. Cf. Ibal. 

re'igan, light (in weight), easy r 
unimportant, slight (of pain 
or sickness). 
bu'at re'rgan, frivolous. 
re'tyan-l-an, to alleviate, light- 
en; to make light of. 

re'igek, in-re'rgek, to tease.. 

reig'kas, short, abbreviated (es- 
pecially of narratives). CL 
/ a- ii dek and scrgl-ul. 
rerg'kas-kan, to abbreviate. 

r-ganj', stretched tight (as: 

ropes). Cf. rnianj. 
r-garg'Tean, to stretch, make 

ri'a, joy; also xit'kn ri'ii. 

ri-ai^-ri'aqg;, the cicada. 

ri'as (B.), ber-ri'as, ri'ax-lcnn, 
adorned, ornamented ; to- 
decorate; a corruption of 
ber-hi'as; see liia-s. 

ri'ba, m-ri'ba, the lap; to hold 
on the lap; nurse. Cf.p>'i- 

ri'ba' an, the lap. 
ri'ba (Ar.), usury, interest. 
ri'bot, a tempest of wind or 


ri'bot tu'run, a storm came up. 
ri'bu, thousand. 

dii'ii ri'hii. two thousand. 
x-ri'lni. a thousand. 
bei'-ii'b it-ri'b u, thousands. 



rimau, tiger; see liarimau. 

rim'ba, primeval forest. Cf. hu~ 

tun and blnkar. 

ri in' h<i It-la n-ta'ra, the wilds of 
the forest. 

rin'du, longing desire (especially 
of love) ; to lorg for. Cf. 
irgin and pilu. 

rin'du dn'dam, anxious long- 

bu'loh /i-iin'du, a bamboo so 
cut as to produce plaintive 
sounds when exposed to the 

rirgan, see rergan. 

riig'git, dollar. 

rin'tek, small spots, speckles. 

rin-tek-rin'tek, light 
rain, drizzle. 

ri'oh, a loud noise; loud, also 
rioh rndali. 

ri-wa'yat (Ar.), story, narra- 
tive. Cf. hikayat and clirita. 

r-jam' (Ar.), to stone, execute by 

rj'ki (B.), subsistence, food = 
rzki; also jerki. 

T-long', a measure of area=l-J 

r-mak', preferable. 

r-mok', in-r-mok', -kan, to crush, 
break to pieces. Cf. han- 

rm-pah-rm'pah, spices. 

r-nang;', ber-r-narg' and ber-narg', 
to swim. 

rn-cha'na (Sk.), an essay, nar- 
rn-cha'na-kan, to narrate. 

rn'dah, low (in elevation), hum- 
ble. Cf. hina. 
floli rndali, see rioh. 
rn'dah-kan, to abase, humiliate. 

rn'dam, m-ni'dam, -kan, to soak, 
wet by immersion in water. 

rn'daig, m-rn'danj, to fry, bake. 
Cf. goriiy. 

ri K'gn? m-rrg'garg, -kan, apart, 
separated, ajar; to separate, 
place things at a distance 
from each other. Cf. jarak. 

rn'jis, m-rrijis, -kan, to sprinkle. 
Cf. rchek and siram. 

r-novg', >n-r-noiT}' , to gaze, look 
intently at. 

rn'tak, m-ni'tak, to jerk, tug (as 

a dog on a chain). Cf. 


rn-ta'ka, a swivel-gun. 
rn'taig, m-rn'targ, -kan, to 

stretch out (as ropes, nets, 

tc.). Cf. rgarg. 

rn'tas, m-rn'tas, to cut a path 
through jungle = (Perak) 

rntis, see rntas. 

ro'boh, to fall (of large bodies, 
as houses, etc.). Cf. run- 
toh and rbah. 

ro'boli-kan, to pull down (as 
buildings). Cf. rombak. 

ro'da (Port.), wheel. Cf. jntra 

and lererg. 
a'nak ro'da, spokes. 
birg'kai ro'da, the felloes. 
gan-tary-gan'taiy ro'da, the 


gigi roda = ana7c roda. 
ro'gol, m-ro'gol, rape; to rape. 

roh' (Ar.), the spirit, soul, life. 
Cf. a r wah and sma-iyat. 

Roll' Al-kn'dux, the Holy Spirit. 

Roh' Al'lah, the Spirit of God 
(believed by the Mohamme- 
dans to be Jesus). 

hrr-roli' = bcnyawa, having life. 



ro-ha'ni, spiritual. 

ro'kok, the native cigarette. Cf. 


lii'sap ro'kok and ma'kati ro'- 
kok, to smoke tobacco. 

ro'ma (Sk.), the hair of the 
body, as opposed to rambot = 
the' hair of the head. Cf. 

bu'lu ro'ma, the hair on the 
human body. 

ro'man (B.) = ronta, q.v. 

rom'bak, m-rom'bak, to destroy, 
demolish, pull down. Cf. 
roboh and runtoli. 

rom'pak, m-rom'pak, to plunder, 
commit piracy. Cf. rain pas. 
p-rom'pak, a pirate. 

rom'poiK, m-rom'poig, -lean, 
with the point off ; to cut off 
the end, or the nose. 

ron'deig, m-ron'derg, to cogitate, 
think over a thing, meditate 
upon; also rundirg. Cf. 

ron?, see ruarg. 

roig'ga, hollow, empty 

roig'korg, the throat; usually 

ro'sak, tn-ro'sak, -lean, damaged, 
injured; to injure, damage, 
spoil, ruin. 

ro'tan, rattan. Cf. raid. 

ro'ti (Hind.), bread. 
tu'kdig ro'ti, l)aker. 

r-sak', the generic name of seve- 
ral timber trees. 

r-sam', a fern from which Ma- 
lays make pens. 

r'tak, cracked : fine cracks in por- 

r'ti (H.). moaning = aril, q.v. 

ru'arg, space, open space: es- 
pecially the bilge of boats, 
and the space between the 
posts on which the Malay 
houses are built. 

a'yer ru'arg, bilge water. 

ba'lai ru'atg, hn'ltii-rnn/'. a 
king's hall of assembly. 

tint'ba ru'arg, to bale out liilgc 

ru'as, the length between the 
joints of bamboo or supir 
cane, or between the joints of 
the arms and legs. 

ru bin, ha' In nt'hui, nooriim- 
tiles; see batn and ///<///. 

ruboh, see roboh. 

ru'gi, loss (especially financial 
loss), damage; to incur loss. 
Cf. bnchana. 
k'na ru'gi, to incur loss. 

. k-ru'gi-an, loss, damage; .h,-v- 
ing incurred loss. 

rugul, see rogol. 

ruh'si-a (B.), secret . = rahsia, q.v. 

ru'kun (Ar., pillar) the duel" 
rules or duties of the Mo- 
hammedan religion; also- 
rukun agama. 

ru'mah, a house. 

ru'mali a'pi, lighthouse. 

ru'mah a' tap, a thatched house. 

ru'mali ba'tu, a house built of 

nt'iiidlt ln-i-lui'ld. lu'athen tem- 

ru'mah ko'soiy, an uninhahiteil 

ru'mali m u'ryit, a sentry box. 

ru'mah pa' pan, a house built 
of planks. 

ru'mah pa'sotg, a police station. 

ru'mah tdty'ga, home, house- 



i'si ru'mah, family, household. 
ser'ba ru'mah, furniture. 

rum'bai, fringe, tassel. 

rum'bi-a, the sago palm. Cf. 

rum' pun, a tuft (of grass), 
clump (of bamboo). 

rum'put, grass. 

runt' /nit k-rirg' , hay. 

rundir^, see ronden/. 

run'toh, to fall (of large objects 
such as houses and moun- 
tains). Cf. rob oft. 

run'toli-h-iui , to demolish, pull 
down (masonry). Cf. rom- 

ru'pa (Sk.), appearance, shape, 

ru'pa-iya, apparently, it seems, 
it appears. Cf. na-mpak. 

s-ru'pa, similar, like. 

ta 'ru'pa (B.), not capable of. 

ru-pi'ah, the Dutch florin or 

guilder; the Indian rupee. 
ru-pi'ah B -I an' da, guilder. 
ru-pi'ah Brg-ga'la, rupee. 

ru'sa, deer, stag. Cf. kijarg and 

ru'sok, the side. Cf. lamboig. 

tit' Jang ru'sok, the ribs. 
rz'ki (Ar.), nourishment, food. 
Cf. makaii. 

s-, an abbreviated form of asa 
or satu, one, a ; one and the 
same, the same, similar. 
When used as a numeral, s- 
is usually followed by one of 
a large number of words 
known as " numeral coeffi- 
cients " or " classifiers " (83, 

s'a-kan-a'kan, as if, as it were. 
s-ba'gai, the same kind, even 

as, like. 

s-ba-ik-ba'ik-iya, just as well. 
s-barg'sa, of the same race. 
s-ba'iyak, so many, as many, as 


s-ba'pa, having the same father. 
s-ba'rarg, any, anything. 
s-ba'targ (84), a, one; num. 

coeff. of trees and cylindrical 


s-b-gi-ma'na, as, just as. 
s-b-lia'gi, a part. 
s-bi'ji (84), a one; num. coeff. 

of small objects. 
s-bi'lah, (84), a, one; num.. 

coeff. of knives. 
s-bi'lary, each, every. 
s-b-lah' or sb'lali, one side, the 

other side of, beyond. 
s-b-las', eleven. 
s-b-lit' (83), one turn or coil. 
s-b-nar'-nja, truly, verily. 
s-bn'tar, a moment, an instant. 
s-bn'tok (83), a, one; num. 

coeff. of rings. 
s-bo-leh-bo'leh, to the best of 

one's ability. 
s-b-ra'pa, as much as, as many 


s-b-sar', as large a>. 
x-l>u'ah (84), a, one; num.. 

coeff. of houses, ships. towns r 


s-bu'lan, a month. 
s-bit-lat-bu'lat, the whole, all. 
s-hit'lir (83), a, one; num.. 

coeff. of small round objects.. 
s-chu'kop, sufficient. 
s-dikit, see sdiki!. 
s'e'kor (84), a, one; num. coeff.. 

of animals. 

s-fa'kal, in agreement, in collu- 
s-g-nap', the whole, all. 



x-lHi-bit-lni'liix, completely, ut- 

x-ha-ri-ha'ri, daily, every day. 

x-lui'rux-tya, properly, neces- 

s-ltiiff'fja, until, as far as. 

~<-/i-l a i' (84), a, one: num coeff. 
of thin flat objects. 

x'i'bit s-ba'pa, of the same 
father and mother. 

xW tln'ni-a, the whole world. 

x-jd'lan, the same road. 

x-ja'uk, as far as. 

.x-j' maat. a week. 

x-ju'rnx fa'mn-rya, for a mo- 

-x-/,y/7t, once; entirely, quite, 
very (92, 94). 

x-kn'li (jus 1 , all at once. 

x-ka'li pun (144), even. 

it-knia'poiy, of the same village. 

-x-ka'pur (83), a, one; num. 
coeff. of quids of betel nut. 

x-ka'ta, agreeing. 

s-ka'yn (83), a, one; num. 
coeff. of rolls of cloth. 

.x-l,--dnr', in proportion to, to 
the extent of. 

x-ki'an, so much, so many. 

H-ki'm-nja, ]3erchance. 

-x-k-lip' mata, the twinkling of 
an eye. 

x-ko'di, a score, twenty. 

..^-k-pirg' (84), a, one; num. 
coeff. of things cut in blocks 
or slices. 


.8-k-ti'ka, a moment. 

n-ku-rarg-ku'rarg, at least. 

s-la'gl, as long as, while. 

ft-lak'sa, ten thousand. 

s-la'ku i'ni, in this manner, 

-s-la'lu, always. 

x-la'nta, as long as, while. 

s-la-ma-la'ma-rya, forever. 

s-la'pix (84), a, one; num. 

coeff. of folds or thicknesses 
of a thing. 

s-le'kor. twenty one (in dales). 

*-lnj'kui>, a complete outfit. 

x-lu'roli, all, the whole. 

s-nta'kin, sp much the more. 

x-iini'l<t>it. last night. 

x-niii-fii-iiHi'fti, altogether. 

*-ni-u<i'-ni-nn' , in the phrase: 
tia'da s-m-na'-m-na', with- 
out cause . 

x-ntii'la, as before, over again. 

s-neg'ri, belong to the same 

s'o-lah-o'lali, as if. 

ff'o'rarg, a person, someone. 

.vV/ym/ r/'/.v;// .s'o'mtjr, with one 

s'o'rarg di'ri, alone. 

so' ran) dua, one or two men. 

xo'miy 1-po.s' s'o'rarg, one after 

s'o'rarg sa-lm'ja, alone. 

s'o'rarg s'o'ranj, one at a time. 

s-pakat, see s-fakat. 

s-pan'jaiy ha'ri, the whole day. 

K-pan' ja-ty ja'lan, all the way. 

s-paroh, see sparoh. 

s-pa'Miy, a pair. 

s-/>fi'!fili 1,-n' f <i, one word. 

s-pa'tut-rya, properly, becom- 

s-pin'tu (84), a, one; num. 
coeff. of houses built in rows. 

s-p-noh'-p-noh', fully, com- 

s-po'toiy, a piece, a slice. 

s-pu'chok (83), a, one; num. 
coeff. of letters and firearms. 

n-pu'loh, ten. 

s-pu'pu, of the first degree of 
relationship, as, first cousins. 

*-m'*a, as if. 

x-ni'ti, suitable, well adapted. 

x-m'/Mx, a hundred. 

x-r<i'ii-nn (83), a. one; num. 
coeff. of nets. 



wi'hu. a thousand. 

-s-ru'ns (83), a length between 


s-ru'pa, similar, like. 
s-sa"at, an instant. 
s-su-ap' , a mouthful. 
s-su-a'tu, some, any. 
s-su'ku, a quarter. 
s-ta'hu, cognizant, privy to. 
s-tary'ga (84), a, one; num. 

coeff. of houses. 
s-ta'ra, of the same rank. 
8-t'lali, after that, when. 
s-t'iyalt, a half. 
s-iu'ju, with the same purpose. 

sa"at (Ar.), moment, instant. 

Cf. bntar. 
s-sa"at, an instant. 

sa'ban (Jav.), sa'ban lia'ri, every 

sa'bar (Ar.), patience; patient, 


sa'bar d-liu'lu, please be pa- 

sa'bas (Pers.), good! well done! 
that will do! 

sab'da, ber-sab'da, command, or- 
der; to order, gay, speak (of 
kings and prophets). Cf. 


sa'bit, a sickle. 

sa'bok, a girdle. Cf. pirygary. 

sa'bon (Port.), soap. 

sa'boig, m-rya'bory, to fly at one 

another (as fighting cocks) ; 

to flash (as lightning) ; to 

conduct a cock-fight. 
sa'borr/-m-rya'boiy, flashing or 

clashing about. 
a'yam sa'bo-rgan, a fighting 

sa'bot, fibrous material, such as 

the husk of the coco-nut or 

the stem of the banana. 

ta'li sa'bot, rope made of such 


sab'tu (Ar.), the Sabbath, Sa- 
turday; also hari sabtn, 
sa'dap, m-rya'dap, to draw the 
sap from the palm tree for 
making toddy. Cf. tuak. 
p-iya'dap, a toddy-maker. 
sadar, see sdar. 
sal' (Ar.), row, line, rank. Cf. 


ber-saf. in line, in battle array. 
sa'ga, a tret? bearing red berries 
which are used in weighing 

sagi, see sgi. 

sa'gu, sago, the flour made from 
the rumbia or sago palm, 
and from tapioca. 
sa'gu rn'dary, pearl sago. 
ham' pas sa'gu, sago refuse. 
sa'gur, a dug-out. Cf. jalur. 
sah (Ar.), true, authentic, valid, 

legalised, right, correct. 
sa-ha'bat (Ar.), friend, com- 
panion; also sobat. Cf. 
handai, kawan and taulan. 
ber-sa-ha'bat, friendly; to be 


per-sa-lia'ba-tan, fellowship. 
sa-ha'ja, only, merely; also saja. 

ft', clnana and haiya. 
sa'hib (Ar.), master, owner; 

usually tuan. 
sa-hi'bu 'l-ln-ka'yat, the author 

of a story. 

sa'hut, m-rya'hut, to answer, re- 
ply. Cf. jawab. 

sah'ya (Sk.) (6, 7), slave, ser- 
vant ; used as a pronoun of 
the 1st person when address- 
ing a superior, and amongst 
Europeans almost exclusive- 
ly. Cf. ltamba.i 



sa'id, see sayyid. 

sa"ing;, ber-sa'i'ry, together, going 
or working in company. 

sa"is (Ar.), groom, coachman. 
saja, see sahaja. 

sa'ji, dish, course, prepared food. 

Cf. hidaty. 

tu'dorg sa'ji, a dish cover. 
ber-sa'ji, to prepare food. 
sa'ji-an, prepared food, a 


sa'kai, followers, servants; ab- 
original tribes of the Malay 
Peninsula. Cf. r'ayat, smarg, 
jakun and bnua. 

sa'kai, contrary, foul (of the 

sakh'lat (Pers.), woollen cloth; 
also saklat. 

sa'kit, ill, sick; sore, painful; 

illness, disease. Cf. grirg 

and lisa. For list of diseases 

see Appendix. 
sa'kit gi'gi, toothache. 
sa'kit hati, offended, angry 

with a person. 
sa'kit k-pa'la, headache. 
sa'kit pa'yali, seriously ill. 
sa'kit p-rot', stomach ache. 
sa'kit trok', seriously ill. 
ba'lek sa'kit, relapse. 
ja'toh sa'kit, and k'na sa'kit, to 

fall ill. 
sa'ki-ti, to cause pain, afflict. 

Cf. seksa. 
p-rya'kit, illness, disease. 

sak-sa'ma (Sk.), patience, ac- 

sak'si (Sk.), a witness. 
sak'si dus'ta, false witness. 
na'ik sak'si, to bear witness, 
ber-sak'si, to bear witness, give 

sak'si-kan, to bear witness to a 
thing or person. 

k-sak'si-an, evidence, testi- 
mony; also ktrargan. 

sak'ti (Sk.), supernatural power; 
possessed of supernatural 

k-sak'ti-an, supernatural power. 
Cf. hikmat, 

sa'ku (Port.), a bag, pocket, 
sack. Cf. karorg and pundi. 

sa'lah, fault, error, mistake; 

wrong, erroneous, guilty. 

Cf. silap. 
sa'lah d'tyar, misunderstood, 

sa'lah fa-ham', misunderstood, 

sa'lah sa'tu and sa'lah s'o'rarg, 

one of them, one of the two. 
sa'lah u'rat, a sprain. 
a' pa sa'lah, what is the matter? 
o'rarg sa'lah, a convict. 
ser'ba sa'lah, entirely wrong. 
ber-sa'lah, guilty. 
sa'la-hi, to find fault with. 
sa'lah-kan, to parry a blow. 
k-sa'la-han, offence, crime. 
ber-sa'la-han, in error, differing 

from, on the contrary. 

sa'lai, m-rya'lai, to smoke over a 

sa'lak, m-rya'lak , to bark (as a 


sa-lam' (Ar.), peace; greeting, 


b-ri' sa-lam', to salute, greet. 
as-sa-lam' a-la'i-kum (159), 
peace be with you. 

sa'laig, m-iya'larg, to execute by 
stabbing down from the 
shoulder to the heart with a 

salasa, see thalatha. 



sa'leh (Ar.), pious, godly. 
o'mnj sa'leh, a saint. 

sa lib (Ar.). a cross. 
sa'lib-kan, to crucify. 

sa lin, m-nja'lin, to change one 
thing for another (as 
clothes) ; to copy, transcribe, 
translate. Cf. tiru and ter- 
ter-sa'lin, copied, transcribed, 

bcr-sa'lin, to change one's 

clothes, bear children. 
pcr-sa'li-nan, a change of 
clothes (as a gift from a 

saiiu, see tlialju. 

xa'lut, 'bcr-sa'lut, envelope, wrap- 
per ; wrapped, covered, envel- 
oped. Cf. balut. 

:sa'Iu-ran, eaves-trough, gutter. 
Cf. alur and panchur. 

:>a'ma (Sk.) (91), the same, 
equal, like, resembling; with; 
the Baba Chinese use sama 
in place of akan between a 
transitive verb and the direct 
object (150). 

-sa'ma ba'iyak, the same quan- 

sa'm a b-sar' , the same size. 

sa'ma d'ryan, the same as. 

sa'ma ju'ga, just the same. 

a'ma ma-nu-si'a, fellowmen. 

sa'ma ra'ta, on the same level. 

sa-ma-sa'ma and ber-sa-ma-sa' - 
ma, together. 

sa'ma sn-di'ri-rya, among them- 

sa'ma i'rgdh, exactly in the 

ti-a'da sa'ma-rya, he has no 


sa'mak, m-nja'malc, to tan lea- 

sa'man (Eng.), summons; to 
summon, prosecute. 

sa'mar, m-nja'mar, to conceal, 
disguise, change one's form 
or appearance; also samar- 
kan din. Cf. jlma. 

sam'bal, condiments eaten with 
curry and rice. Cf. hulam. 

sam'bar, m-n/qm'bar, to pounce 
on and carry off (as birds of 
prey), seize; also sembar. 
Cf. ram pas. 

sam'bil (139), while, whilst, as, 

sam'boig, m-njam'boty, to join, 

unite, append. Cf. huborg. 
sam-bo'iyan, lengthening piece, 

hyph?n; sequel of a book. 
sam'bot, m-njam'l>ot, to receive 
in the hands, receive a 
guest, welcome. Cf. trima. 
sa'mon, m-iya'mon, to rob, es- 
pecially highway robbery : to 
take by force. Cf. rbot f 
sambar, ram pas, and rompak. 
p-rya'mon, a robber. 
sam'pah, rubbish, refuse, dirt, 
sam'pai (62 &), to arrive, reach, 
come to, come: until; suffici- 
ent. Cf. datarg and hirgga. 
sam'pai Tc-kaV , for ever. 
sam'pai 'u'mor, of full age. 
sam'pai-kan, to convey to, 
bring about, accomplish, per- 
sam'pai-kan jan'ji, to perform 

one's promises. 
sam'pak, a ferrule. 
sam'pan (Chin.), a small boat. 
sam'pan ko'tak, the Chinese 
boat with lockers in the 

sam'pan pan'jaiy, a long Malay 
boat carrying mast and sail. 



sam'pan pu'kat, a fishing boat 

carrying- a seine net. 
sam'pan tam'baiy, a ferry boat. 

sam'par, epidemic, plague. 
sam'seig, a ruffian. 

sa'na, there ; also di sana. 

sa'na si'ni, here and there, on 

all sides. 

de'ri sa'na, thence, from there. 
k-sa'na, thither. 

' k-sa'na k-rna'ri, hither and 
thither, in all directions. 

sa'nak (Jav.), near relatives. 
sa'nak sau-da'ra, blood rela- 

sa'nat (Ar.), year. 

san'daig, m-njan'daty, to carry 
a thing slung over the shoul- 
der with a strap or sash. 

san'dar, m-iyan'dar, -i, to prop 

up, support. 
ber-san'dar, to lean, lean 

against, recline. 
sa'igat, very, exceedingly. Cf. 

a mat. 

k-sa' 'rya-tan , immensity, inten- 

saig'gol, chignon, a knot of hair 
twisted up at the back of the 
head. Cf. kundai. 
chu'chok sarg'kol, the native 
hair pin. 

satg'gop, to guarantee or profess 
to be able to do a thing, be 

saig'ka (Sk.), a conjecture, sup- 
position, idea ; to think, ima- 
gine, suppose. Cf . fikir. 
swy'ka-kan, to imagine a 
thing, suppose. 

saig'kal, tn-ii/aiy'.kal, -i, io deny, 
disavow, disown. Cf. mwi- 

saig'kar, sarg'ka-ran, a cage '(as- 
for birds). 

saig'kot, to stick, catch, hold 

ter-sarg'lcot, caught, held fast. 

san'tan, the juice extracted from 
the nutty part of the coco- 
nut. Cf. klapa. 

san tap. to eat or drink, or clicu 

betel-nut (court languai:' ). 

san' tap si'reli, to chew betel-nut. 

sa'pa, m-iya'pa, to address, speak: 

sa'pi, the ox; usually Int'lm. 
mi'n/ak sa'pi, beef fat. CM'. r/L 

sa'pu, m-nja'pu (86 d), to sweep^ 
brush; rub lightly. Cf. go- 

sa'pu chat 1 ' , to paint. 

sa'pu lea' pur, to whitewash.. 
Cf. labur. 

sa'pu ta'rgan, handkerchief. 

p-rya'pu, a broom. 

sa'put, m-iya'put, to cover (aff 
clouds on a hill top). 

sa'rai^, a nest. 

sa'raiy la-ba-la'ba, a spider'- 


sa'raiy I'bali, a bee's nest. 
sa'rarg ma'du, honeycomb. 

sa'rat, full, heavily loaded. 
sa'ri, ti'tnalt sa'ri, zinc. 

sa'ron?, sheath, scabbard, c-a.-f.. 
cover; especially the skirt 
which is worn both by meit 
and women. Cf. kain. 

sa'rory ban'tal, pillow case. 

sa'rorg ja'ri, finger-stall, thim- 

sa'rorg ka'ki, socks, stockings. 

sa'rorg k-ris', the sheath of the- 
Malay dagger. 

sa'roiy p-da>y' ' , scabbard. 



sa'roiy su'rat, an envelope. 

xa'ronj ta'tyan, glove. 

l-ti'hi sa'rorg, or simply saroiy, 
the Malay skirt worn both 
l>v men and women; also 

sa'sa-ran, a target. 
sas-t-ra'wan (Sk.), astrologer. 

sa'tu, a, one; also s-, asa and 


ati'tn pun H'dak, not one. 
xti-tii-*a'iu, one by one. 
ln'yi sa'tu, one more. 
'I -pas' sa'tu sa'tu, one after an- 
sti'ldli Mi'tu, one of them, one 

of the two. 
sau-da'gar (Pers.), a merchant, 

also su-da'gar. Cf. dagarg. 
sau-da'ra (Sk.), brother, sister, 
near relative ; also sudara. 
Cf. nbary, adek and kakak. 
^(i u-da' ra s-pu'pu, iirst cousins. 
a'nak sau-da'ra, nephew, niece. 
ba'jxi iiu-da'ra, uncle. 
ninl-' sau-da'ra, aunt. 
sa'nak sau-da'ra, near relations. 
ber-sau-da'ra, brothers, related. 
sa"uh, anchor, grapnel. 
sa"uh tcr'baty, grapnel. 
borg'kar so" nil, to weigh an- 
la' boli -1: an saf'uli and b-la'boh 

to anchor. 

sa'wa, u'lar sa'ira, a python. 
sa'wah, an irrigated rice field. 
Cf. bndarg, Imma and ladarg. 
sa'wan, a fit, convulsions. 
sa'wi and s-sa'wi, mustard. 

sa'yaqg:, pity, compassion; alas 
(132) ; to pity, be sorry for, 
regret, be sparing of, be 
economical in regard to. Cf. 
kaseh and bias. 

ka'seli sa'yaig, love and sympa*- 

sa'yap, wing. Cf. Icpak. 

sa'yu, sadness. 

sa'yup, hardly perceptible (of 

sight or sound). 
sa'yiir, vegetables, herbs. 

x<i->/itr-s<i'yu-mn, vegetables in 

general; also sa'yur-ma'yur. 

say'yid (Ar.), chief; a title given 
to the descendants of Mo- 

s-bab' (Ar.), cause, reason, 
motive; because, for. Cf. 

s-bab' i'iu, therefore. 

a' pa s-bab', why? 

de'ri s-bab' and o'leh s-bab', be- 
cause of, on account of. 

ber-s-bab', with a reason, for 

s-bab'kan, to cause, occasion, 

s-bak', a'yer s-bak' , inundation 
(of a river overflowing its 
banks). Cf. ball. 

s-bat', a blow (with a stick or 

sblah, see blah. 

s-bot', m-nj-bot', -l-an, to men- 
tion, utter, say. 
icr-s-bot' , mentioned. 

sb'raig, on the other side (of a 

road or river), beyond. 
de'ri sb'rary, from the othei 4 

k-sb'rarg, across, to the other 

ber-sb-ra'igan, on the opposite 


in-njb'rcug, to cross, pass over. 
sb'rarg-m-iyb'raiy, on both 




s-bu', m-jy-bu', to fill up a hole 
with earth. 

s-daig' (139, 140), while; where- 
as, as, inasmuch as ; medium, 
average, mediocre. 

s-dap', nice, pleasant to the 
senses. -CLIazat. 

s-dar', m-ry-dar' , -lean, aroused, 
awakened, conscious of, aware 
of; to arouse, awaken. Cf. 
baryun and jaga. 

s-deh', heartache, sorrow of 

heart, bitter grief. 
ter-s-deli'-s-deli', bitterly griev- 

s-der-ha'na (Sk.), medium, 
average, middlirg. Cf. s- 

s-di'a (Sk.), ready, prepared; al- 
ready. Cf. siap. 
s-di'a-kan, to prepare, make 


s-di-a-ka'la, former, ancient ; 
always, continually. Cf. sd- 
s-di'kit, a little, a few, some; also 

s'd-kah' (Ar.), alms, charity. 

Cf. derma. 

min'ta s'd-kah' , to beg. 
s-d-kah'-kan, to give in alms. 
s-d-ka'la (Sk.), always, continu- 
ally, usual, usually. Cf. 
slalu, sntiasa and sdia. 
s-d-Iiig'gam (Tarn.), vermilion. 
s-du', ter-s-du' -s-du' , sobbing. 
sebok, see sibok. 
sehat, see sihat. 
sek'sa (Sk.), punishment, ill- 
treatment, pain, suffering. 
Cf. srgsara. 

Tc'na sek'sa, to get punished. 
sek'sa-kan, to punish,, inflict 
pain. Cf. hukum. 

se'la (Port.), a saddle. 

sem'bar, to pounce on 

sem'paig, m-ryem'parg, to de- 
viate, diverge, branch off; 
cross roads, a branch road,. 
a street corner. 

sen'dok (B.), spoon = sndok. 

se'iget, leaning, out of the per- 
pendicular. Cf. cliondrtn'i. 
mereiy and serorg. 

seig'kat, short, shortened. < 
pendek and rergkas. 

seigseig, see sirgsinj. 

se'pak, m-rye'pak, to kick to the 
front with the upper part of 
the foot, as opposed to #/?- 
darg, to kick backwards with 
the sole of the foot, and trci- 
jary, to kick downwards- 
with the sole of the foot. 
se'pak ra'ga, to plav the -Malay 
game of football. 

se'rak, scatter, spread out in con- 

ser'ba (Sk. sarva, all), utensils. 

furniture, gear. Cf. n?r- 

ser'ba ka'pal, the tackle of a 

ser'ba ru'mali, household fuz % - 

ser'ba sa'lah, altogether wrong. 

ser'ban (Pers.), a turban. 
serbat, see sherbat. 
ser'bok, powder. 

ser'bu, m-ryer'bu, to rush at. 

spring upon, attack. Ct. 

ser'daqj, a tall palm tree. 

se'ret (Jav.), to trail or drag: 
along the ground. 



Ica'sut se'ret, slippers. 

ser'kap, a hencoop, a basket of 
the same shape used to catch 

se'roig, oblique, slanting. Of. 
tnereng r 8erget and cliondronj. 

ser'ta, with, together with; 
(139) when, as. Cf. drgan 
and sama. 

ser'ta d'rgan, together with. 

ser'ta-mer'ta, immediately. 

b-ser'ta (98), with, accom- 

ser'ta'i (99), to accompany. 

ser'ta-kan, to unite. 

ser'wa (Sk. sarva), all, in the 
phrase : Tulian serwa sklian 
'alam, Lord of the whole 
universe ; usually mispro- 
nounced sru. Cf. serba. 

setan, see shaiian. 

se'wa, m-rye'wa, rent, hire; to 

let, hire. 
se'iva ka'pal, passage money on 

a ship. 
se'wa ru'mah, the rent of a 


k-re'ia se'wa, hackney carriage. 
s-ga'la (Sk.), all; sometimes 
used merely to indicate the 
plural number (82). Cf. 
smoa and sklian. 
s-gan', reluctant, averse to. 

p-ry-gan', a sluggard. 
s-gar', refreshed, revived. 

s-gi' or sa'gi, in its derivative : 
per-s-gi'. sided, having sides or 


am' pat per-s-gi', square. 
ti'ga per-s-gi' , three sided, tri- 

sg'ra (Sk.), speed, haste: quick, 
quickly. Cf. Ikas and ba- 

ber-sg'ra, to be quick, make 

sg'm-kan, to hasten, expedite. 

shah' (Pers.), emperor, king. 

sha-ha'dat (Ar.), confession of 


Jc-li'mah sha-ha'dat, the Mo- 
hammedan profession of 

shah-ban'dar, harbour-master. 

sha'hid (Ar.), a witness, martyr. 

sha'ir' (Ar.), barley. 

sha"ir (Ar.), a poem, poetry. 

shai'tan (Ar.), Satan, the devil; 
a demon. Cf. iblis. 

shak' (Ar.), doubt, suspicion, 
mistrust. Cf. wasaiyka. 

sha'rat (Ar.), rule, regulation; 
condition, stipulation ; con- 
tract, agreement. 

sha'ri'at (Ar.), law, divine law, 

shekh' (Ar.), a chief. 
sher'bat (Ar.), lemonade. 

shor'ga (Sk.), heaven. Cf. la- 
n/it, indra and Jcayargan. 

shu'kor (Ar.), thanksgiving, 
praise. Cf. kaseh and puji. 

si, a particle placed before proper 
names, nouns and adjectives, 
somewhat in the same way as 
the word Mr. in English, as 
in the following phrases: 

si-A'li, Mr. Ali. 

si-a'nu, Mr. so and so. 

si-a'pa? who? 

ba'raig si-a'pa, whoever. 

si bory'kok, Mr. hunchback. 

si pn-chu'ri, Mr. thief. 

si-a'-si-a', in vain, useless, futile, 
of no avail. Cf. chuma. 



si'al, unlucky, inauspicious, ill- 
omened. Cf. clilaka. 
si-a man?, the gibbon. 
si-atg', daylight, day as opposed 
to night; early, early in the 
*i-ni(]' ha'ri, daylight, day as 

opposed to night. 
si-arg' ma' lam, day and night. 
si~aiy' -si-arg' , very early. 
si-ap', ber-si-ap', prepared, made 
ready ; to be ready or prepar- 
ed, especially of food, clothes, 
etc. Cf. sdia. 
si-ap'kan, to prepare, make 


si-a'sat (Ar.), punishment, tor- 
ture ; to investigate, examine. 
si-a'sat-kan, to torture, make a 
searching examination. 

siau' (B.) (Chin.), to digest. 

si'bok busy, busily engaged (of 
a number of persons at 
work) ; also seboTc. 

si-da-si'da, a title of certain 
officers at court, a eunuch. 

si'daig, assembly, society, com- 
pany; also sidarg jma'dh. 
Cf. jma'ah and korgsL 

si'dek, m-ryi'dek, to examine 
carefully; usually slidek. 

siet-siet' (B.) (Chin.), false, 
deceptive, hypocritical. 

si'fat (Ar.), quality, condition, 
attribute, character, nature; 
also pronounced sipat. 

si'gai, a bamboo with the bran- 
ches cut to the length of a 
span to form a ladder. 

si'hat (Ar.), good health; heal- 
thy, well. Cf. ryaman and 

si-hir' (Ar.), magic; also 'U 
sihir. Cf. obai. 

si'kap, figure, posture, attitude. 

si'kat, a comb, a harrow : a bunch 

(of bananas). Cf. sisir. 
si'kat ram'bot, a hair comb. 

si'kit, a little = sdikii, q.v. 
si'ku, the elbow: angle. 

si'la, ber-si'la (158), to sit with 
the legs crossed under one; 
to invite a person to sit 
down ; to invite; also silakan. 

si'la du'dok, please sit down. 

si'la ma'sok, please come in. 

du'dok ber-si'la, to sit cross- 

per-si'la-kan, to invite. 

si- la-si 'lah (Ar. silsilah), gene^ 

si'lap (Ar. khilaf), a mistake, 

error, over-sight. 
si'lap ma'ta, sleight of hand. 

sim'pai, a circle, ring, hoop. 

sim'pan, m-ryim'pan (86 c), to 
keep, preserve, take care of, 
save. Cf. pliliara and taroh. 

sim'pol, a knot. 

slii'.'pol hi'dop, sim'pol pu'leh, 

running knot, bow. 
sim'pol ma'ti, a knot that will 

not slip. 
ter-sn-ryum' sim'pol, a slight 


si'nar, m-ryi'nar, a sunbeam, a 

ray of light; to shine. Cf. 

sin'dir, m-njin'dir, to mock, jeer, 

rail at. Cf. olok. 
si'iga (Sk.), a lion. 
siig'gah, to call in at a place, 

visit, stay temporarily. 
siig-ga-sa'na (Sk.), throne. Cf. 

sirgit, see serget. 



siig'kap, m-njiiy'kap, to turn 
back, draw aside (as a cur- 

siig'kek (Chin.), a Chinese coo- 
ly; a recent immigrant. 

siig'siig, m-ryirg'sirg, to turn up, 
turn back, tuck up (as the 
trowsers or the sleeves of a 
coat). Cf. sirgkap. 

si'ni, here; also di sini. 

xti'iin si'ni, ]icre and there, 

de'ri si'ni, from here, hence. 

si'pai (Pers. sipalii}, a soldier, 
sepoy. Cf. soldado and Iosh- 

si pat, sre v //'/. 

si'put, shell, univalve shellfish. 

si'pu, icr-si-pu-si'pu, bashful, 

si ram, m-nji'ram, to sprinkle, 
water (as flowers). Cf. per- 
ch ck and rtijis. 

bcr-si'rain, to bathe (court lan- 

si'reh, betel-pepper, a creeper, 
the leaves of which are chew- 
ed with betel-nut. Cf. pi- 
xi'reh s-ka'pur, one chew of 


ina'kan si'reh, to chew betel- 

si'rip, fin. 

si'sa (Sk.), remainder, remains 
of a repast; see re mail. Cf. 

si'sek, the scales of a fish or 

si'xi'k p-njn', tortoise-shell. 

si'si, the side; at the side, noar 
by; usually di si*i. 

si'sip, m-nji'sip, to insert, slip 
in, thrust in. Cf. slit. 

si'sir (Jav.), a comb = Malay 

si'ti (Ar.), a lady, Mrs.; used as 
a title of ladies of position. 

si'tu and di si'tu, there. Cf. 


de'ri si'tu, thence. 
Ic-si'tu, thither. 

si'ul, ber-si'ul, to whistle. 

si-u man, conscious, in posses- 
sion of one's mental facul- 
ties, recovered from a faint- 
ing fit. Cf. sihat. 

s-jah't-ra (Sk.), peace, tranquil- 
ity. Cf. sntausa and damai. 

s-ja'rah (Ar.), genealogy, chro- 
nicles, annals. 

s-juk', cold, cool. Cf. dirgin. 
k'na s-julc', to catch a chill. 

s-ka'Ii, very; see kali. 

s-kam', chaff, the husks of padi. 
Cf. hmpa. 

s-ka'raig, now. 

s-ka'ranj i'ni, just now. 
ma'lam s-ka'rarg, to-night. 

s-kat', in-nj-kat' f to barricade. 

s-k-Ii'an all. Cf. sgala and 

s-ko'i, millet. 

s-ko'lah (Port.), school. 
x-ko'lah a-ga'ma, Sunda} 7 - 
school (X.). 

s-k-rup' (Eng.), screw; also pa'- 
ku s-k-rup'. 

s-ku'chi (D.), a small sailing 

s-ku'tu, associate, member of a 



ber-s-ku'tu, to be associated 

per-s-ku'iu-an, association, so- 
ciety. Cf. jma'ah and konj- 
s-Ia', empty space, space, room. 

ti-a'da ber-s-la', there was no 

s-la'daig, the wild ox. 

s-lam', m-ry-lam' , to dive, dive 

s-la'mat (Ar.), health; safety, 

security; salvation (X.). 
s-la'mat ja'lan (159), go in 

peace (the usual Malay 


s-la'mat tirq'gal, abide in peace. 
Ju'ru S-la'mat, Saviour (X.). 
s-la'mat-kan, to save, preserve 

from danger. 
s-Iam'pit, a plait, plaiting. Cf. 

s-laig', interval of time or space. 

Cf. jaraTc and antara. 
s-lar', m-ry-lar' ' , to brand. 
s-Ia'sa, lia'ri s-la'sa, Tuesday = 


s-la'sar, verandah. 
s-Ia'seh (Sk.), basil, mint. 
s-lat', strait, channel: the town 

of Singapore. 
s-la'tan, the South. 
slbi, see sulbi. 
s-len'daig, a garment worn over 

one shoulder by Malay wo- 

s-le'ra, appetite. 
sleraig, see lerary. 
s-li'dek, m-ry-li 'del , to examine 

carefully; also sideJc. Cf. 

s-li'gi, a javelin. Cf. tonibak 

and Imbirg. 

s-li'mut, a blanket or other bed 


s-U'mnt-kan, to cover with a 

s-lin'dorg, ~bcr-s-lirid.org, to take 

s-li'seh, ber-s-U'seh, to differ, be 

at variance, quarrel. 
per-s-li' se-han , dispute, quarrel. 

s-li'sek, m-iy-U'sfik, to hunt for 
vermin in hair, to preen. 

s-lit', inserted, slipped or pushed 
in between two surfaces. 

s-lok', m-ry-lol-', to insert hand 
or finger. 

s-Io'ka (Sk.). verses of poetry, 
couplets. Cf. pantwi aivT 

s-I-sai', m-ry-l-sai', -kan, to de- 
cide, settle, adjust. 

s-1's-tna, catarrh, a cold in the 

s-lu'ar (Ar.), trowsers. Cf. 

s-Iu'boig, m-iy-lu'boirj, to cover 

up. envelop. 
s-lu'daig, the sheath which covers- 

the blossom on palms. 

s-lum'bar, a splinter. 
s-lu'pat, cuticle, thin membra- 
nous covering. 

s-lu'roh, the whole, all (of su- 
perficial measure). 

s-lu'roh neq'ri, the whole city 
or country. 

s-lu'roli in'Tjoli , all over one'.s^ 

s-mai', in-iy'mai , to sow seed in 
a nursery, from which the 
seedlings are afterwards to- 
be planted out. 
s-mai' an. a nursery for plants. 



s-ma'ja, only =saliaja. 

s-mak', a thicket, underwood, 
bushes. Cf. blukar. 

s-mam'bu, Malacca cane. 

s-maig', aboriginal tribes of the 
Malay Peninsula. Cf. sakai 
and bnua. 

s-ma'rgat, the soul, life, the 
spirit of life, consciousness. 
Cf. ryaiva and roll, 
hi'laty s-nm'rgat, to lose con- 

s-maig'ka, water-melon. 
s-man-ta'ra, while, during. Cf. 

s-mat', m-nj-mai' , to stitch, 

fasten together with rattan 

or thin pieces of wood or 


s-ma yam, to sit in state (of 

sm bah, m-iym'bali, to worship, 
do homage to, make obeis- 
ance; to speak to a superior. 
Cf. smbahyarg. 

sm'bali su'jud, to worship or do 
homage by prostrating one- 

ber-da'taiy sni'bah, to come and 
address a superior. 

Ici'rim sm'bah, to send a mes- 
sage of submission to a king. 

su'rat sm'baJi, a letter of sub- 

per-sm'bah-kan, to make a 
present to a superior, to 
make an offering to God. 

per-sm'ba-han, a present to a 
superior, an offering or sacri- 
fice to God. Cf. korban. 

sm-bah'yan?, worship, religi- 
ous ceremonies ; to worship : 
derived from smbali, to wor- 
ship, and Yarg, God, q.v. 

a'yer sm-bah'yary, water for re- 
ligious ablutions. 
ber-sm-bah'yaiy, to worship. 

sm'bap, dropsy, dropsical swell- 

sm'b-leh, m-njm'b-leli, to kilt 
for food by cutting the 
throat (usually with reli- 
gious ceremonies) ; to sacri- 
fice. Cf. potorg. 

sm'b-Iit, constipation. 

sm-bi'lan, nine. (For derived 
forms see ampat). 

sm-bi lu, a splinter of bamboo 
used as a knife. 

sm'boh, m-rym'boli, -lean, healed, 
recovered from sickness or 
wounds; to heal, cure. 

sm-bo'yan, an alarm signal. 

sm-bu'iyi, to hide, conceal. Cf. 

ter-sm-bu'ryi, hidden. 

sm'bur, m-rym'lmr, to squirt out r 
spirt out. 

s-mer'bak, to pervade, be dif- 
fused (of odours). 

s-mis'ta (Sk.), all, the whole, in 
the phrase : smista 'alam, the 
whole universe. 

s-mn'jak, since. 

s-mo'a (Sk.), all. Cf. sgala and 

sm-pa'dan, boundary. 

sm'pat, leisure, time or oppor- 
tunity or ability to do a 

sm'pit, narrow. Cf. piclicli. 

sm'poa" (Chin.), abacus. 

sm-pur'na (Sk.), perfect, com- 

sm-pur'na-kan, to perfect, com- 



s-mu', deceit., cheating. 
s-mut', an ant. 

s-naig' ( 146 ), ease, contentment ; 
easy, contented, satisfied, 
comfortable. Cf. niudah. 
x-iitoy'kan, to set at rest, set at 

k-s-na'rgan, ease, complacence, 


s-na'paig (D.), a gun, rifle, fire- 

sn'da, ber-sn'da, a joke, a jest; 

to jest. Cf. gurau and 

sn-da'wa (Sk.), saltpeter. 

sn'di (Sk.), the joints or sinews 
of the human body. 

sn-di'ri (22-24), self; see diri. 

sn'dok, spoon = (B.) sendob. 
Of. sudu. 

s-igai', to show the teeth. 

s-iga'ja, on purpose, intention- 

s-rgal', rheumatism. 

s'igat, m-ry'rgat, the sting of an 

insect; to sting. ^ 
p-iy'iyat, a wasp. 

s-igau', nasal sounds, speaking 
through the nose. 

sig'kaig, bar, cross-bar (of a 

sig-sa'ra (Sk.), suffering, pain, 

agony, torture. Cf. seksa. 
stg-sa'ra-kan, to torture. 

s-ni', fine, thin, slender, thread- 
like. Cf. halus. 
snin, see ithnain. 
sn-ja-ka'la (Sk.), eventide. 

sn-ja ta, weapons, arms. Cf. 

al at. 
ber-sn-ja'ta, armed. 

sn-iyap', quiet, still, silent. 

sn-iyum', usually ter-sn-iyum r , 

smiling; to smile. 
ter-sn-tyum' sim'pol, smiling 

sn'tak, m-njn'ial-, to tug, jerk, 
snatch away. Cf. rntak. 

sn-tau'sa (Sk.), security, safety, 
peace. Cf. sjahtra. 

sn-ti-a'sa (Sk.), always, con- 
tinually, incessantly; also 
snntiasa. Cf. slalu. 

sn'toh, m-ryritoh, to come in 
contact with, touch. Cf. ja- 

s-no'noh, seemly, becoming. 

so'dok, m-njo'doTc, to scoop up, 

)>-)yo'dok, a shovel. 

sohbat. see sahabat, 

so'ja (B.), to worship, do ho- 
mage by a movement of the 
hands with the palms to- 
gether (of men only = srnbah 
of women). 

so'kotg, a prop, shore. Cf. ka- 

sol-da'do (Port.), soldier. Cf. 

som'bon?, proud, arrogant. Cf. 

soig'kok, cap. Cf. Jcopiah and 
rh /nan. 

so'pak, a skin disease causing 
white patches on the hands 
and feet. 

so'pan, polite, courteous, respect- 
ful ; politeness. 

so'rak, ber-so'rak, shouts of tri- 
umph or acclamation, war 
cry; to shout. 

so're (Jav.), afternoon = Ma 1 ay 



, m-ryo'rorg, to push along, 

so'toh (An), house-top, the flat 
roof of a house. 

so'toig, cuttlefish. 

s-pak', m-iy-pak' ' , a slap; to slap. 

s-pai', sappan wood. 

s-pa'roh (Jav.), half, one half; 
a part, a portion, some. Cf. 

s-pa'roh ha'bis, half finished. 
y-lia'roli ma' ii, half dead. 

s-pat', a small fish. 

s-pa'tu (Port.), shoe, boot. Cf. 

s-pa'ya in order that, so that. 
s-pa'ya ja'rgan, lest. 

s-per'ti, like, as, such as, as if. 
d'rgan s-per'ti-rya, hecomingly, 

s-pit', m-ry-pit' ' , to nip, pinch. 
ma'kan s-pit' , to eat with chop- 
sticks = (B.) makan sumpit. 

s-poh', m-ry-poli' , to temper steel, 
colour gold by dipping in 

s-pu'i-s-pu'i, light, gentle (of 
the wind). 

s-rah', m-ty-rah', -Inn, to hand 

over, deliver, intrust. 
s-rah'kan di'ri, to yield, sur- 

s-rai', lemon grass. 
s-ram'bi, a porch. 

s-ram', the tremulous feeling 
produced by cold or fear. 

s-ram'panf, a large fish-spear. 

s-raq?', m-nj-rauj' , to attack, as- 
sail, storm (cities or coun- 
tries). Cf. larijaar. 
', head boatman. 

s-ra'ni, Eurasian: a corruption: 
of nasrani, q.v. 

s-ra'si, suitable, well adapted; 

see rasi. 
s-ra'ya, and. 
s-rek', intimidated by pain. 

s-ri' (Sk.), splendour, brightness^ 

gi'gi s-ri' , the front teeth. 

s-ri-ga'la (Sk.), jackal. 
s-rin'dit, the love-bird. 
s-ro'ja (Sk.), the lotus. 
sru, see serwa. 

s-ru', m-ry-ru' and ber-s-ru', io 
call out, cry out. 

s-ru'nai (Pers.), a kind of 
clarionet, giving a very shrill 
s-sah', m-ry-sah', to whip, flog 

(with a whip or rattan). 
s-sak', tight, pinched, confined^ 
hard pressed by want. C\ 
pichek and smpit. 
s-sak' da'da, asthma. 
p-noh' s-sak' , chock-full. 
s-sal', m-iy-sal' , remorse; to re~ 

gret, repent. Cf. taitbat. 
s-sat', m-ry-sat' , astray, in error:, 
to stray, wander.' err, go- 
astray. Cf. han/itt. 
s-sat' ba'rat, altogether astray. 
s-sat'kan, to cause to err. 
s-taig'gi, incense. 
s-ti'a (Sk.), fidelity, loyalty. 

Cf. bakti. 

o'bah-kan s-ti'a, to break faith. 

sum' pali s-ti'a, to swear loyalty. 

s-ti-a'wan (Sk.), faithful, loyal. 

s-to'ri (D. and Eng.), a fuss, 

much ado. 

ba'iyak s-to'ri, to make a. long 



.stra, see sutra. 
s-t-ri'ka (Port.), to iron. 
s-t-rop' (D.), syrup. 

.s-t-ru' (Sk.), adversary, personal 
enemy, as opposed to musoh, 
the enemy of one's country. 

ber-s-t-ru', hostile, unfriendly. 

per-s-t-ru'an, enmity, animo- 

su'al (Ar.), a question. Cf. tan/a, 
su'al ja'wab, interpellation, 

ber-su'al ja'wab, to catechize. 

;su-am', lukewarm, tepid. 

su-a'mi (Sk.), husband (more 

respectful than laid}. Cf. 

ber-su-a'mi, to have a husband, 

be married (of women). 
ber-su-a' mi-lean, to marry a 


su-ap', a mouthful, a bite (of 

food) ; a bribe. 
b-ri' su-ap', to give a bribe. 
ma' Jean su-ap', to receive a 

su-ap' lean, to feed by month- 


.su-a'ra (Sk.), the voice. 

su-a'ra yarg nja'rirg, a loud 

rya'rirg-kan su-a'ra, to raise the 

ber-su-a' ra, to utter a sound. 

su-a'sa (Sk.), an alloy of gold 
and copper. 

su-a'tu, a, one; also satu and s-. 
s-su-a'tu, something, anything. 
s-ga'la s-su-a'tu, everything. 
ba'rarg s-su-a'tu, whatever. 

su'ban?, ear ornaments. Cf. an- 

sub-ha'na-hu (Ar.), to Him be 
praise ; usually in the phrase : 
. I llali subhanahu wa ia'ala, 
God, to Him be praise, and 
be He exalted. 
su'boh (Ar.), dawn; one of the 

hours of prayer. 

su'bur, healthy, luxuriant (of 
plants and sometimes of 
human beings). 
su'chi, clean, pure, holy. Cf. 

chuchi, Tend us and berseJi. 
su'clii-kan, to clean, cleanse, 


Tc-su'chi-an, purity. 
sudagar, see saudagar. 
su'dah (41, 74-76), done, finish- 
ed, completed; an auxiliary 
verb indicating past time 
(45-48) ; enough, sufficient, 
that will do. Cf. liabis and 

su'dah chu'Jcop, that is enough. 
su'dah lia'bis, finished. 
su'dah lii'larg, it is lost. 
su'dah la'ma, a long time ago. 
su'dah ma'lam, it is night al- 


su'dah tu'a, it is old. 
su'dah t'a'da, it is gone or dis- 

b-lum' su'dah, not yet finished. 
la' ma su'dah, a long time ago, 

finished a long time. 
su'dah-kan, to terminate, bring 

to an end. 

l--su' da-han , end, conclusion. 
ti-a'da ber-Jc-su' da-han, without 

end. unending. Cf. putus. 
sudara, see w.udara. 
su'di, to be satisfied, agree, be 
willing. Cf . Jcnan and redla. 
su'du, a spoon. Cf. sndok. 
su'gi, ber-su'gi, to brush the 



su'ji, in-nju'ji, to embroider. 
su'ji (Sk.), meal, grain. 
su'jud (Ar.), to prostrate oneself, 
how down with the face to 
the earth (as in prayer). 
su'ka (Sk.), pleasure, joy; to re- 
joice, be glad, enjoy, like, 
wish. Cf. gmar. 
xn-ka-c'lii'ta, joy, gladness. 
xii'lca lia'ti. pleasure. 
ber-su'ka and ber-su-ka-su'ka, 

to rejoice, enjoy oneself. 
*u'ka-knn, to please, satisfy. 
k-xii'ka'an, enjoyment, pleasure, 

desires, wishes. 

su'kar, difficult, not easy, irk- 
some, arduous. Cf. susah. 
k-su.'ka-ran, trouble, affliction. 
su kat, m-tyu'Tfdt, to measure 

(capacity). Cf. ukor. 
su'ka-fan. a measure. 
su ku (35), a quarter, fourth 
part ; a tribe, branch of a 

x-su'ku, a quarter. 
ti'ga su'ku, three-quarters. 
su'kun, the bread fruit. 
su'Ia (Sk.), a sharp stake on 
which formerly criminals 
were impaled; to impale; 
also sulakan. 
sul'bi (Ar.), the backbone; the 


su! di, bn'ali sul'di, Adam's ap- 

su linj, a flute, flageolet. 
su lit, hidden, secret. Cf. rahsia 

and sinbuni. 
su'loh, ni-n/u'loli, a torch; to 

show a light with a torch. 
su'loig, first-born, eldest child; 
also anak sulorg. Cf. borgsu. 
sul'tan (Ar.), sultan, supreme 

su'Iu, a spy. 

sum'bat, m-ryitm'bat, a plug, 
cork, stopper; to plug, stop 
up. Cf. tumpat. 

sum'bin?, a notch (as in the 

edge of a knife). 
bi'bir sum'Mrg, harelip. 

sumboh, see smboh. 
sum'bu, lampwick. 

sum 'pah, ber-sum 1 'pah , an oath, 
a curse ; to swear, curse. Cf. 
kutok and I'andt. 

k'na sum' pah, to be cursed. 

ma' lean sum' pah } . to perjure 

sum pit and sum'pi-tan, tlie 
blow pipe. 

sum'pit, a small bag of plaited 
mrgkuarg leaves. 

sum'pit (B.), chopsticks, see 

su'nat (Ar., tradition), m-ryu'- 
nat, -kan. circumcision; to 
circumcise. Cf. khatan. 

sun'dal, a prostitute. 

per-suri da-Ian, fornication. 

su'igai, a river. 

a'nak su'njai, a stream. 

suig'goh, true, real, genuine. 
Cf. bnar-, btul, and sah. 

x-x u i g' go/i -nja, truly. 

surg'goh pun, although. Cf. 

ber-surg'goh-surg'goh, in ear- 
nest, with all one's might. 

siuy'goh-kan, to verify, sub- 
stantiate, corroborate. 

suig'kor, m-ryurg'kor, to bend, 

bow down. Cf. tundok. 
tcr-surg'kor, bowed down. 

surg'kop, m-ryurg'kop, to cover 
with a vessel. 



suig'saig, backwards, upside 

su'igut, ber-su'rgut, to grumble, 

sun'tiig, flowers or ornaments 

worn in the hair or behind 

the ear. 
sun'tok, complete (of time). 

su'iyi (Sk.), solitary, lonely, de- 
solate, uninhabited, unfre- 
quented, quiet, private. 
su'rah (Ar.), a chapter of the 


su'rat, a writing, letter, book, 
handwriting. Cf. tulis. 

su'rat hu'targ, a bill. 

su'rat kha'bar, a newspaper. 

su'rat ki'ri-man, a letter. 

su'rat Jc-t-ra'rgan, certificate. 

su'rat ku-a'sa, a power of attor- 

su'rat per-jan'ji-an, written 

su'rat ta'lak, a letter of divorce. 

su'rat wa'si-at, a will. 

ba'las su'rat, to answer a letter. 

bu'ryi su'rat, the contents of a 

Tc-pa'la su'rat, the heading of 
a letter. 

mu'Jca su'rat, a page of a book. 

ter-su'rat, written. 
su'rau, a village mosque or pray- 
er house. Cf. mandarsah. 
su'roh, m-nju'roh, to order, com- 
' niand. Cf. hvkum and psan. 

su'roh-kan, to order, send a 

p-ryu'roh and p-su'roh, a mes- 

su'ro-han, an envoy. Cf. utus. 

suroig, see sororg. 
su'rut, ebb tide; also ayer surut. 
Cf. pasarg.. 

su'sah, trouble, annoyance, wor- 
ry, distress ; troublesome, an- 
noying, vexatious, difficult. 
Cf. sukar. 

sn'sah-kan, to trouble, annoy, 

k-su'sa-han, annoyance, afflic- 
tion, distress. 

su'su, the breasts ; milk. 
a'yer su'su, milk. 
k-pa'la su'su, cream. 
ma'ta su'su, nipple. 
su'su'i, to give milk to, nurse. 

su'sun, in-iyu'sun, to arrange in 
regular order, fit together,, 
pile up. Cf. rakil. 

su'sur, m-nju'sur, edge, margin: 
to go along the edge of any- 
thing, sail along the coast. 

su'sut, to diminish, shrink. 

su't-ra (Sk.), silk. 

b-narg' su't-ra, silk thread. 
in'dok su't-ra, the cocoon of the- 
silk worm. 

ta', not: a contraction from Hdak 

ta'a'da or t'a'da, is not, are not 

= tiada. 
ta'a'kan or t' a' lean, will not, it 

cannot be that . 
ta'ba'ik, not good, bad. 
ta'bo'leh, cannot, impossible. 
ta'da'pat, does not succeed r 

ta'da'jxit ti-a'da, it cannot but 

be, it must. 
ta'gu'na, useless. 
ta'ja'di, it did not come to puss. 

it will not do. 
; 'ta'nani'pak, it is not seen. 
ta'sa'ma, not the same, unlike. 
ta'u'fmli. not necessary, never 




ta'a'Ia (Ar.), exalted; in the 
phrase: Allah ta'ala, God, 
exalted be He! 

ta'alok, see t'nlok. 

ta bal (A i 1 . ). drum. Cf. gndraiy 

and rim mi. 

ta'bal-kan. to announce by the 
beating of a drum. 

ta'bek, greeting, salutation 
(159). Cf. salam. 

ta'bi'at ( Ar. ), nature, disposi- 
tion, character. Cf. pkcrti 
and pratyai. 

ta'bib (Ar.), doctor. Cf. duknn 
and doktor. 

ta'bir, curtain. Cf. tirai. 

t'a'bir (Ar. ). explanation, inter- 

I'li'liir-kiin, to explain, give the 
meaning of. 

ta'bo-han, hornet = tbiian. 

ta'boiu, a length of bamboo used 
to contain fluids. 

ta'bur, m-na'bur, scatter, sow (as 

seed). Cf. hambur. 
/i-iKi'linr, a sower; small shot. 
Ix'r-ln'bn-rnn, scattered, dis- 

ta'but ( Ar.), the ark of the cove- 
ta'chi (B.) (Chin.), elder sister; 

usually kakak. 
ta'ching(B.), worm = chaclii/;/. 

ta'dah, m-na'dah, to catch or 
hold in the open hands, or in 
a vessel (as liquids) ; to ex- 
leiid the hands in such an 
attitude, as in prayer. Cf. 

ta'di, just now, just, a moment 

ago. lately. Cf. bhani. 
ta'di pa'gi, this morning. 

ma' lam ta'di, last night. 
taf'sir (Ar.), a commentary (es- 
pecially on the Koran). 
ta'gar, thunder. 
ta'geh, craving; usually ktageh. 

tah, an interrogative particle = 

ta-han', m-na-han', -kan, to bear, 
endure, withstand. 

I n -/inn' da' rah, to stanch blood. 

tii-lnin' naf'sn, to restrain one's 

ter-ta-han', restrained, endured. 
ta'hi, excrement, refuse. 

ia'hi b-*i' , rust. 

ta'hi ger-ga'ai. sawdust. 

ia'lii ia'lat, moles, freckles. 

ta'hi t-U'rga, earwax. 
ta'hil, a measure of weight; see 

end of Grammar. 
ta'hu (62), to know, understand, 
be accustomed. Cf. I- mil. 

ta'hu 'a'dat, to know how to be- 
have, be polite. 

fti'lin bcr-ka-ta-ka'ta, to lie able 
to speak (of children). 

ta'hu dtt'dok, to be able to sit 
up (of children). 

b-ri' ta'hu, to make known, in- 
form. Cf. khabar. 

s-ta'hu, cognisant, privy to. 

xi-ti'pa ta'hu, who knows, I 
don't know. 

k-la'lni-i (102 /) (126), to 
know a thing, be aware of. 

k-ta'liu-nn. known, that which 
is known. 

bcr-k-ta'lnt-fin, known, being 

lfj-l<i'lin-tin. knowledge, learn- 
ing, information. 

bcr-i>nj-ta'lin-an, to have know- 
ledge, know. 
ta hun, year. 



ta'kun l-ha'ru, the New Year. 
ta'hun da'targ, next year. 
ta'hun d-hu'ln, last year. 
ta'hun la'lu, last year. 
ta'hun M-si'hi, the year of the 

Christian era, A. D. 
ber-ta-hun-ta'hun, for years, 

year after year. 
s-ta'hun la'ma-iya, for a year. 
m-na'hun, to stay a year in a 


tai'ko (B.) (Chin.), leprosy = 

ta'jak, m-na'jalt, a heavy cutting 
instrument with a long han- 
dle used for cutting down 
the weeds in an irrigated rice 
field ; to cut down weeds with 
this instrument. 

ta'.iam, sharp (of cutting instru- 
ments and of the intellect). 
Tcu'rary ta'jam, blunt. Cf. 


ta' jam-lean, to sharpen. Cf. 

ta'ji, the artificial spur used with 
fighting cocks. 

t'a'jub (Ar.), astonished. Cf. 

tak'dir (Ar.), ordained, decreed; 

the will or decrees of God. 
tak'dir-Tcan, to decree, appoint, 


takh'ta (Ar.), throne. Cf. sirg- 

ta'kok, a notch. 

ta'kot, fear ; afraid, frightened ; 

to be afraid, fear. Cf. dah- 

shat and kjot. 
b-ri' ta'kot, to frighten. 
ta'ko-ti, to fear a person. 
p-na'lfot, a coward; shy (of 

Tc-ta'lto-tan, afraid; fear, alann. 

tak sir (D.), to estimate, vain--. 
tak'sir (Ar.), negligent. 

tak'wim (Ar.), calendar, alma- 

ta'lak (Ar.). divorce. Cf. chraL 
su'rat ta'lak, a bill of divorce. 

ta'Iam, a large metal tray. Cf- 


ta'li, string, cord, rope. 
ta'H b-sar', rope. 
ta'H b-si', wire rope. 
ta'li du'ga, sounding line. 
ta'li Tca"il, fishing line. 
ta'li Icarg', reins. 
ta'li ka'wat, wire rope. 
ta'li km'bar ti'ga, a threefold 

ta'li li'u'lit, a strap, leather 


ta'li le'hir, necklace. 
ta'li pirg'gaiy, waist-belt, gir- 
dle. Cf. salot. 
ta'li p-rot' , the intestines. 
ta'li p-rum', sounding line. 
ta'li pu'sat, umbelical cord. 
ta'li ra'mi, string made of 

rami, q.v. 
ta'li sa"uh, cable. 
ta'li t-ma'li, the cordage or rig- 
ging of a ship. 
lery'kar ta'li, to coil a rope. 
t'a'lok (Ar.), dependent upon,, 
subject to: a dependency, a 
State which is subject to> 

t'a'lolc-kan, to subjugate. 
ta-m'a' (Ar.), covetousness, ava- 
rice; to covet. Cf. loba. 
ta man, garden, flower garden. 

Cf. Tebun. 

tamasha, see tennasa. 
ta'mat (Ar.), end. conclusion. 
tam'bah, bcr-tam'bah (115), to- 
increase (in size or number)- 



tarn' ball-lean, to add, augment, 
increase; also tambahi. 

tam'ba-han, and tam'ba-han 
pu'la, moreover, in addition. 

tam'bak, in-nam'bak, to pile up 
or fill in earth, as in making 
embankments or filling in 

tam'barg, fare, passage money 
on a ship or boat; to carry 
sam'pan tam'barg, a ferry-boat. 

tarn 'bat, nt-nam'bat, to tie, fas- 
ten, tie up (as animals and 
boats). Cf. ikat. 

tam'bi (Tarn.), a form of ad- 
dress to Tamils; a messen- 
ger; a Tamil. 

tam'bon, fat, fleshy, corpulent. 

Cf. gmok. 
tam'pak, to appear, be visible; 

also nampak. Cf. liliat. 
ta'nam' pak, invisible, it does 

not appear, it is not seen. 

tam'pal, m-nam'pal, a patch, 
label, something stuck on; to 
patch, stick on, paste on. 
Cf. Ikrit. 

tarn 'par, in-nam'par, to slap, 
strike with the open hand. 
Cf. spak. 

tam'pi, ni-nam')ri, to winnow 
with the tyiru, q.v. 

tam'pi I, to go forward, advance, 

progress. Cf. ma jit. 
tarn' pi I -hi n, to cause to ad- 
vance, move forward. 

tam'pok, the cup or short stalk 
at the point where fruits are 
broken off the stem ; the or- 
namentation on the top of a 
cap (gotglcole) or on the ends 
of a pillow. 

tam-pu'i, a tree with an edible 

ta'nah, the ground, soil, land, 

a country. Cf. bumi. 
ta'nah a'yer, one's native land. 
ta'nah Ja'wa, the island of 

ta'nah ko'sorg, uncultivated 


ta'nah li'at, clay. 
ta'nah ma'ti, fallow ground. 
ta'nah M-la'yu, Malaya. 
ta'nah pa'ya, swampy land. 
ta'nah ra'ta, level country. 
hu'jonj ta'nah, peninsula, pro- 
montory. Cf. tanjorg. 
mi'iyak ta'nah, mineral oil. 
trarg' ta'nah, dawn. 
tu'an ta'nah, landlord. 
ta'nak, m-na'nak, to boil, cook. 

Cf. rbus and masak. 
ju'ru ta'nak, a cook. 
ta'nak (B.) (Chin.), a carpet. 
ta'nam, m-na'nam, to plant', 


ta'nam cha'cliar, to vaccinate. 
tan 'da, a mark, sign, token. Cf. 

isharat and 'alamat. 
tan' da ma'ti, the orthographi- 
cal sign jazrn; see baris. 
tan'da ta'rgan, signature. 
tan'da-kan. to signify, indicate, 


per-tan'da, an executioner. 
tan'dak, ber-tan'dak, to dance. 

Cf. tari. 

tan'dan, a bunch of fruit, such 
as bananas, coco-nuts, grapes, 

tan'dil (Tarn.), headman of coo- 

tan'dok, a horn. Cf. chut a. 
tan'du, m-nan'dii; a litter; to 
carry in a sedan chair or 
litter. Cf. usorg. 



ta'igan, the hand, the arm. Cf. 

t<i' it/an ba'ju, the sleeve of a 

In'iynn kn'inni, the right hand. 

ta'iyan sb'lah, one hand. 

b-kas' ta'rgan, handwriting, 
signature. Cf. Tcliat. 

ja'bat ta'iyan, to shake hands. 

ka'kl ta'iyan, hands and feet. 

lain'bai-kan ta'iyan, to wave 
the hands. 

ma' sole ta'rgan, to interfere. 

sa'pu ta'iyan, handkerchief. 

tan' da ta'iyan, signature. 

to! pak ta'rgan, the palm of the 

un'jok ta'iyan, to hold out the 

ta'rga-ni, to handle, lay hands 

on, arrest. 

taig'ga, ladder, stairs, steps; nu- 
meral coefficient of native 
houses (84). 

targ'ga batu, stone steps. 

a'nak targ'ga, a step or rung of 
a ladder. 

na'ik targ'ga, to go upstairs. 

ru'mali targ'ga, home, home- 
targ'gal, to fall out, fall off (as 

teeth, branches, etc.). 
targ'gal-kan, to remove, take 
off (as clothes). 
'goh, m-narg'goh, -Jean, to 
postpone, adjourn, put off, 

ber-targ'goh, to delay, wait, 

;, m-narg' gory , -kan, to 
support, bear, endure, gua- 
rantee. Cf. tahan and ja- 
taiy-go'rgan, a burden. 

m-na'iyis, weeping ; to 
weep, cry, shed tears. 

and ta'ii/i-si, to 
\vcep for a person or thing. 
ta'itji-xtiH, weeping. 

targ'kai, the stalk or stem of 
flowers or fruits. Cf. batn-iy. 
Inty'kni ba'jak, the Jiandle of 
a plough. 

taig'kal, charm, amulet. Cf. 


taig'kap, in-nairfTcap, to seize, 
catch, capture, arrest. Cf. 

taig'kas, agile, nimble. Cf. 
pant a*. 

taig'ki (Eng.), a tank. 

targ'kis, m-nary'kis, to parry, 
ward off a blow. Cf. helak. 

tarjf'kul, m-narg'kul, a bag net; 
to fish with a bag net. 

'loig (Chin.), a Chinese lan- 
tern. Cf. kandil. 

jong, promontory, point of 
land, cape. 

ta'iya, ber-ta'rya, to ask questions. 
;isk for information, inquire. 
Cf. minta, which means to 
ask for, request (8(5 I), 
ia'nja-kan and ber-ta'rya-kan, 
to ask concerning a thing, 
propound a question. 

ta'pa (Sk.), ber-ta'pa, penance, 
asceticism ; to do penance, 
be an ascetic. 

jn'r-ta'pa'an, an act of penance. 
ta'pai, cooked rice or other grain 

caused to ferment. 
ta'pak, the palm of the hand, 
sole of the foot: footprint = 
hka$ kaki. 
In'fKik ka'kl, the sole of the 


hi' fink ta'tyan, the palm of the 



tapi, see tta/ii. 

ta'pis, m-na'pis, to strain, filter. 

tn'/ii-foin, a strainer, a filter. 
tar' and mi'iyak tar' (Eng.), tar. 

ta'ra, level, of equal height; 
equality (of height or rank). 

x- In' VI. of the same rank. 

ta'rah, ni-nn'nih, to rough hew 

ta'rek, m-no'i-ck, to pull, draw, 
drag. Of. htla and seret. 

In'fck n' in, a lucifer match, also 
kort'k apt. 

ln'fi'h- iiti'fiix. to draw a hivatli. 

ta'ri, in-tin' ri. to dance. Cf. 

ta'rikh (Ar.) (16G), date, era, 

ta'rikh hi j' rail, the Hegira, the 

Mohammedan era. 
ta'rik M-si'Jii, the Christian 

ta'riig, tusk (of rodents and 

pigs). Cf. gadiiy. 
ta'roh, in -tin' roll (86 c], to placa, 

put, put away, keep, lay bv. 

Cf. bnboh, Itak and siin/jftn. 
fa' ro/i her' ga, to fix a price. 
m-na'roh dn'dam, to harbour 

revenge, bear malice. 
in-tin' roh i/if/'ki, to bear malice. 
ber-lfi' roh . to bet. wager. 
p-ta'roh, a trust, a thing en- 
trusted to a person. 

ta'rok, a bud, sprout, young 


tar'pal (Eng.), tarpaulin. 
tas'bih ( Ar.), a rosary. 

ta'sek, lake, inland sea. Cf. 
da nan and kola nt. 

tash'did (Ar.). an orthogra- 
phical sign which indicate- 
that the letter over winch 

it is placed is doubled. 

ta'tah, to mount, set (as precious 
stones). Cf. permata. 

ta'tal, a shaving of wood. 
ta'targ, m-na'targ, to carry on 
the palms of the hands. Cf. 


tatkala, see ttkala. 
t'a'tlim (Ar.), respect, honour, 

tau'bat ( Ar. ) , repentance, amend- 
ment of life ; also tobat. -Cf . 


b<'r-tan'bat, to repent. 
tau'chaig (Chin.), a queue. 

tau 'fan (Ar.), typhoon, storm; 

also tofan. 
tau'gek (B.) (Chin.), bean 


tau'ke (Chin.), head of a house 
or business, employer. 

tau' Ian, companion, comrade, 
friend. Cf. handai, kawan 
and sahabat. 

tau'rit and tau'rat (Ar.), the. 
law of Moses, the Old Testa- 
ment, the Pentateuch. 

tau'yu (B.) (Chin.), bean oil. 

tawa, see tertaica. 

ta'wan, ni-na'wan, -i, to capture,, 
make prisoner (in war or of 
robbers). Cf. tatgkap. 
li'r-ta'iran, captured, made pri- 

ta'wa-nan, made prisoner, a 

ta'war, tasteless, insipid, fresh 
(of water) : an antidote for 
poisons; to bargain, offer a 
lower price, beat down the 
ta'irar ha'ii. discouraged. 



fa' war i'poh, an antidote for 

the Malay dart poison. 
a'yer to,' war, fresh water (as 

opposed to salt). 
t-poiy' ta'icar, meal used in 

Malay magic. 
p-na'war, an antidote, cure or 

specific for a disease. 

t-bal', thick, as opposed to nipis, 


m u'ka t-bal', shameless, brazen- 

t-baig', m-n-banj ', to cut down 
trees, fell. Cf. ibas. 

t-bas', m-n-bas', to cut down un- 
derwood. Cf. tbarg. 

t'birg, a high bank of a river. 

t-bok', m-n-bok', to bore a hole, 

t-bu', sugar-cane. Cf. gula. 
t'bu-an, a hornet. 

t'bus, m-n'bus, to redeem, buy 

back, ransom. 
p-n'bus, Redeemer (X.). 
t'bu-san, ransom. 

t-doh', calm, tranquil; sheltered 
from sun or wind; to abate 
(of storms). 

t-doig', the generic name for 

te'bar, m-ne'bar, to scatter; to 
throw a casting net ; see jaia. 

teh' (Chin.), tea. 

a'yer teh', tea (the beverage). 
da"un teli', tea (the prepared 

te-ko' (B.) (Chin.), kettle. 
te-koan' (B.) (Chin.), tea-pot. 
telek, see tilek. 

te'lor, lisping, inarticulate 
speech. Cf. pel at. 

tern bak, m-nem'bak, to shoot 
with firearms, fire a gun. 
Cf. Mil. 

tem'bok, a wall. Cf. dindirg. 
ka'ki tem'bok, foundation. 
Cf. alas. 

tern 'pan?, lame, limping. Cf. 
/x'lirhaiy and chapek. 

tem'po (Port.), time, intermis- 
sion, respite; in the time of, 
during the time that. Cf. 

ten?', (Chin.), a Chinese lamp. 
teig'kah, see tirgkah. 

ten?'gek, to perch (as birds), 

te'igok, nt-ne'njok, to look at 
Cf. lihat and pandarg. 

ten 'tan?, a native shop window, 
hinged at the top and bot- 

te'pok, paralysis of the legs. Cf. 

ter'baig, to fly. 

.*/'/. ter'baiy, grapnel. 
ter'baty-kan, to send flying (of 
the wind) ; to fly away with 
(as birds of prey). 

ter'bit, to arise, come up, spring 

up. Cf. naik. 
nni-ta-lia'ri ter'bit, the sun 


ter'j-mah' (Ar.), to translate; 
a Iso ter'j-mak'kan. 

ter'jun, in-ner'jun, to plunge 

down, leap down. 
ter'jun-kan, to cast down, drop 

a thing down. 
a'i/er ter'jun, waterfall. 

ter'kam, to attack violently, 
rush at, spring at (as wild 



ter'kas (Pers.). quiver. 

ter-ma'sa (Pers. tamasha), fes- 
tivities, rejoicings; to make 
merry, rejoice. 

ter'pa, m-ner'pa, to spring for- 
ward, spring at. Cf. ter- 

ter-ta'wa, to laugh. 

tcr-ta'n-a-kan, to laugh at 

ter'tib (Ar.), rank, station, or- 
der, arrangement. 

te'tek, the breast when giving 

te'was (Jav.), defeated. Cf. 

te-yen' (B.) (Chin.), to sub- 
scribe, take a subscription. 

t-gah', m-n-galt' , to prevent, res- 
train, prohibit, hinder. Cf. 
l<irarg and pantarg. 

t-gak', upright, erect, vertical. 

t-gal', because, on account of. 

t-gaig', stretched tight. Cf. 

t-gap', strong, muscular (of the 

-body). Clfcttrf. 

t-gar', stiff, fixed, unbending. 
t-gar' k-m'udi, steady! (of the 

t-goh', firm, steady, strong; se- 
cure, sure (as a promise). 
Cf. ttap. 

l-Holi'knn. to strengthen, con- 

t-gur', m-n-gur' , -kan, to address, 
speak to, admonish, chide, 
rebuke. Cf. tigTcirg and Jiar- 

tha-Ia'tha (Ar.), Tuesday; usu- 

thal'ju (Ar.), snow. 
tia n (B.) (Chin.), a hall. 

ti-a'da (63-71), is not, are not; 

a contraction of tidak ado, 

(64) ; used as an auxiliary 

verb (45). 
ti-a'da a'da, there is not, there 

does not exist. 

ti-a'da bo'leh, unable, cannot. 
fi-<i'da da' pat, cannot, does not 

ti-a'da m-rya' pa = tidak apa, it 

does not matter, never mind. 
d'rgan ti-a'da, without. 
ta'da'pat ti-a'da, it cannot but 

be, it must. 

ti'aig, post, pillar, mast. 
ti'arg-a'gorg, mainmast. 
fi'aig ba'tu, brick pillar. 
ti'aty b-ilc'rn. flagstaff. 
ka' pal ber-ti'arg ti'ga, a three- 
masted ship. 

ti-ap'-ti-ap', each, every. Cf. 

ti-a'rap, iii-ni-u'rn//, prone, face 
downwards ; to lie face down- 
wards, prostrate oneself. Cf. 
jrumus and sujud. 

ter-ti-a'rap, prostrated, prone. 

ti-a'rap-kan, to lay a person 
face downwards. 

ti'ba, to arrive, reach a place. 

Cf. sam-pai. 
ti-ba-ti'ba, suddenly, (."i'. kuu- 


ti'dak, no. not (63-73); con- 
tracted to ta', q.v. Cf. tiada. 

li'il'ik n'/lti. iiot present, absent. 
li'ihik a' /in. never mind, it does 

not matter; also tim/ft m- 

tl'ilak-ktin. to deny the exis- 

telH'C Of. 



per-ti' dak-lean,, to make notliing 
of, make light of, depreciate. 

ti'dor, hcr-ti'doi; sleep, slumber; 

to sleep. 
ti'dor 1-lap' ' , deep sleep ; to sleep 

heavily. Cf. lyadar. 
ter-ti'dor, asleep. 

ti'ga, three. (For derived forms 
see a in pat). 

tiharap, see tiara p. 

ti'kam, m-ni'kani, to stab, pierce, 
prick. Cf. chuclioTc. 

ti'kar, mat. 

ti'kar ban'tal, bedding (of a 

ti'kus, rat, mouse. 
ti'lam, a mattress. 

ti'lek, in-ni'lek, to look carefully, 
observe; to practise divina- 
tion, prognosticate ; also 
telek. Cf. tnorg. 

tim (B.) (Chin.), to cook in a 
double boiler. 

ti'mah, tin and other similar 

metals. Cf. tin. 
ti'mali In' tain, lead. 
ti'mah pu'teli, tin. 
ti'mah sa'ri, zinc. 
bi'jeh ti'mali, alluvial tin ore. 

ti'maig, m-ni'marg, to brandish 
in the air, toss up in the air 
(as weapons or children). 
ti-ma'njan, a pet name, nick- 
name; a pet, a plaything. 

tim ha, ni-nim'ba, a bucket, ba- 
ler; to draw water with a 
bucket, bale out a boat. 
tim'ba a'yer, to draw water. 
tim'ba ru'arg, to bale out bilge 

tim'bal, to balance. 

ber-tim'ba-lan, balancing. 

tim'baig, m-nini'/^in/. to 

ponder, contemplate, think, 
meditate. Cf. fikir. 

tini-ba'rgan, scales. ('I', ni-n- 

bu'ah tim-ba' rga ii . weigh is. 

tim'bol, m-nim'bol, to float, 
come up to the surface of 
the water, rise (as the sun). 
spring up (as plants). (T. 

tim'bon, m-nim'bon, to lieap up,. 

pile up. 
tim'bo-nan, a heap. 

tim'bus, m-nim'bus, to fill in r 
fill up (a hole or well). Cf. 

ti'mon, cucumber; also Imiimon* 
ti'mor, the East; east. 

ti'mor la"ut, north-east. 

bin'tanj ti'mor. Venus a- a 
morning star. 

tim'pa, m-nim'jM, to fall cn r 

strike by falling. 
tim 'pas, dead low water. 
tin (Eng.), tin plate. .Cf. timuli^ 
tin das, m-niridnx. to crush au 


tin'deh, m-nin'deh, to lay a 
weight on, press by laying 
something on. Cf. apii, im- 
pel and Mean. 

tin'dek, m-nin'dck, to pierce the 
ears (for earrings). 

tiig'gal, to remain, stay; dwell, 
live. Cf. diam. 

s-hi'niat tiiy'gal t good-bye( 1 -V.' . 

m-niiy'gal, to die. 

tiiy'gal-kan, to leave, abandon,, 
omit, neglect. 

p-nirg'ga! and *-p-nirg'aal, de- 
parture, on or after the de- 



tiig'gi, high, tall: height. 

tirg'gi-kan, to raise up, exalt, 

tiig'kah, behaviour, conduct; also 
tirgkah laku. Cf. pkerti and 

tinj'kap, window (of native 
houses). Cf. jndela. 

tiig'kat, a stage ; numeral coef- 
ficient of the stories of a 
house or decks of a ship. 
Cf. loterg. 

tin'ju, ber-tin'ju, to strike with 
the fist; boxing. Cf. tumbok 
and gocholi. 

tin'ta (Port.), ink. Cf. dawat. 

ti-op', ber-ti-op' , to blow (of the 
wind or mouth). Cf. hmbus 
and puput. 

ti-op'kan, to blow a thing 
(with the month). 

ti'pis, thin (as opposed to tbal, 
thick). Cf. halus and nipis. 

ti'pu, m-ni'pu, deceit, fraud; to 

deceive, cheat. 
ti'pu da'ya, deception, trickery, 

p-ni'pu, an impostor, cheat, 


tir', the castle in the game of 
chess; see cliator. 

ti'rai (Tarn.), a curtain. Cf. 


ti'rai k-lam'bu, a mosquito net; 
usually klanibn. 

ti'ram, an oyster. 

ti'ri, in the phrases : 
an' ok ti'ri, stepchild. 
ba'pa ti'ri, stepfather. 
mak' ti'ri, stepmother. 

ti'ru, m-ni'ni, to imitate, copy. 
Cf. salin. 

ti tah, m-ni'tali, -lean, order, com- 
mand, word (of a king) : to- 
say, order, command (of a 
king). Cf. sabda. 
jun'jorg ti'tali, to obey a king'- 

ti'tek, in-ni'tek, a drop, a spot,. 

a dot ; to fall in drops. 
ti'tek-kan, to pour out liquid 
by drops. 

ti'ti, m-ni'ti. to walk along a 
narrow path or the trunk or 
bough of a tree. 
ti'ti-an, a foot bridge formed of 
the trunk of a tree. 

tiwas, see tewas. 
t'ka-t-ki', riddle, enigma. 

t-kak', the gullet. 

a'nak t-kak', the uvula. 

t-kan', m-n-kan', -kan, to press, 
press down (as with the 
hand). Cf. impet, apit and 

t-k-bur (Ar.), pride. 

t-kek', the large house lizard, 
the gecko. Cf. chichak. 

t-ku'kur, wild pigeon. Cf. }>u- 
nai and merpati. 

t-kun', perseverance, persistence. 
Cf. usalia and raj in. 

t-la'dan, example, model; also- 
tula dan. 

t-la'ga (Sk.), a small lake, pond, 
well. Cf. kola in. 

t'lah, an auxiliary verb indicat- 
ing the past tense, but only 
used in writings = su dali. 
s-t'lah, when, after that . 

tla'hir (Ar.), visible, manifoi. 
outward, exoteric: as op- 
posed to batin, inward, q.v. 

tla'lim (Ar.), tyrannical: ty- 


t-lan', tti-n-lan', to swallow. 

t-lan'jaig, naked, nude; also 

t-lan'ju (B.), while. 

t-lan jur, in the phrase: 

ka'la su'dali t-lan' jur, "the 
murder is out." Cf. anjur, 

i-li'iga, the ear; the handle of 

a cup. Cf. kupiiy. 
da" un t-U'rga, the external ear. 
lo'bary t-U'rga, the orifice of the 

pa'saig t-li'rya, to listen. 

t'l-kan, ber-t'l-kan, to lean on (a 
stick or other support). 

t'lok, bay, gulf. 

f'lok ran'tau, the sea-board, the 
coast of a country. 

t-lor', egg. 

t-lor' a' yam, a fowl's egg. 
t-lor' a'sin, preserved eggs. 
t-lor' i'kan. spawn, fish-roe. 
ku'lit t-lor', eggshell. 
me' rah t-lor 1 ' , the yoke of an 

pn'teh t-lor', the white of an 

bcr-t-lor', to lay an egg. 

t-lun'jok and ja'ri t-lun'jok, the 
forefinger. Cf. tunjolc. 

t-lut', ber-t-lut', to kneel, kneel 
down. Cf. lutut. 

t-m'a' (Ar.), covetousness, ava- 
rice; to covet. Cf. loba. 

t man, companion, comrade. Cf. 

taulan and kawan. 
1' man -katt, to accompany. 

tm-ba'ga (Sk.), brass, copper. 

tm-ba'ga ku'nirg, brass. 

Ini-ba'f/a inc'rah, copper. 
. tn\-ba'ga su-a'sa, an alloy of 
copper and gold. 

tm-ba'kau (Port.), tobacco. 

tm-be'kar, potsherds, broken 

tm-be'raig, the shrouds. 
tm'b-laig, addled (of eggs). 
tm-bo'lok, the crop of a bird. 

tm'bus, perforated, pierced. Cf. 

tm-bu'su, a timber tree. 

t-mig'goqg, a high office in a 
Malay State. 

tin 'pa, m-nm'pa, to forge. 

tm'pat (135), place, locality; 

space, room. 

Ini'/xit dn'irat, inkstand. 
tin' pat du'dok, seat, chair. 
I in' pat k-di-a'man, place of 


tm'pat man'di, bathroom. 
tm'pat si'reh, betel-nut tray. 
tm'pat ti'dor, bed. 
b-ri' tm'pat, to make room. 

tm-pa'yan, a large earthenware 
jar, larger than a buyorg. 

tm'pek, a loud cry. 

tm'pek so'rak, loud cries, usual- 
ly of soldiers fighting. 

tm-pe'lei, a box on the ear. 
tm-pi'as, driven rain, spray, 
tm-pi'nis, a timber tree. 

tm'p-lak, m-nm p-lale, to con- 
vince of a fault, reproach. 
Cf. tyui: 

tm'poh, m-nm'poh, to strike 
against, dash against, as- 
sault, storm (as waves strik- 
ing anything, or an army 

tm-pu'a, the weaver bird. 
tm-pu'ron?, a piece of coco-nut 
shell ; hence, the skull. 



t-mu', ber-i-mu', to meet, come 

together. Cf. jitmpa. 
per-t-mu'kan, to join together,' 

t-naig', smooth, calm (of the 
surface of water). 

tn'daig, m-nn'darg, to kick back- 
wards (as a horse), kick with 
the sole of the foot. Cf. 
sepak and trajaig. 

t-iga'dah, m-n-iga'dah, to look 
up to the sky. 

t'igah (35), the middle; half; 

whilst, during. Cf. sparoli. 
I' njah du'a, one and a half. 
I'lfjnh lia'ri, mid-day. 
t'rgah ja'lan, in the middle of 

the road; during a journey. 
t' iijnh Hia'knn, in the middle of 

a meal. 

J'ii/u/i ina'lam, midnight. 
fii/ali na'ik, when the sun is 

half way up, 9 a.m. 
I'lt/filt ti'ga, two and a half. 
I' ii/f ill In-run' , when the sun is 

half way down, 3 p.m. 
<t'rarg t'njali, middle man, 


x-l'rgali, half, one half. 
xii'ma t'rgah, exactly in the 

jn'r-1'iya-hnn, middle; medium. 

tig-ga'la (Sk.), a plough. Cf. 

trg-ga'ra, North-east. 

tig-gi'ri, an edible fish. 

tig'g-lam', to sink. 

ttg r !/-l(i>i<'kan, to submerge. 

tig'kar, bcr-trg'kar, to dispute, 
wrangle, quarrel. Cf. ban- 

tig'kiig, nt-nHj'kit(/, to rebuke, 
reprove, scold. Cf. tgur 
and Jtardek. 

tnf'kok, the back of the neck. 

Cf. lehir. 
bu'lu ttg'kok, mane.'' 

tnj-ko'rak, the skull, cranium. 

tig'ku, a title of princes; also 

tvg-si' (B.) (Chin.), a large 

t-noig', ber-t-norg', to practise 
divination. Cf. tilek. 

tn'taig, opposite to, facing; con- 
cerning, in regard to. 

tn'targ ma'ta, right in one's 

in-nn'taig, to face, look directly 

ber-tn-ia' rgan d'rgan, opposite 

tn't-ra (Sk. tantra), army; also 
bala tntra. 

tn'tu (138), certain, sure. Cf. 

ii.vchaya and psti. 
tcr-tn'tu, settled, decided. 
tn'tu-kan, to decide, determine, 

Tc-tn'tu-an, certainty. 

t-nun', ber-t-nun' , to weave. 
to'a-ha (B.) (Chin.), mourning 

toak (B.) (Chin.), a drawer = 


tobat, see taubat. 
to'dak, sword-fish. 
tof an, see taufan. 
toh (B.) (Chin.), table. 

to'hor, shallow. Cf. chetek. 
ka'pur to'hor, slaked lime. 

tokek = tkek, q.v. 

to'ko (B.) (Chin.), a shop. 

to'kok, m-no'kok, to add, increase 
by addition. 



to'koig, A small island, a rock in 
the sea. 

to'lak, in-no'lak, to push away, 
push back, repulse, reject. 
Of. sororg. 
to'lak b-ha'ra, ballast. 

to'leh, m-no'leh, to look at one 
side, look back. 

to'loig, m-no'lorg, to help, assist. 

Cf, bantu. 

p-no'lorg, assistant, helper. 
p-no'lorg bi-clia'ra, advocate. 
to'lo-rgan and per-to'lo-rgan, 

totn'bak, a spear. Of. linbiiy. 

tom'pok, a heap, a group (of 
persons), clump (of trees). 

ton'da, m-non'da, to tow (a ship 
or boat). 

toq?', cask, barrel, tub, pail. 
toig'kaig, a barge, lighter. 

toig'kat, a staff, stick, walking 

stick, prop. 

torg'kat k-ti'ak, crutches. 
to-pe'kong; (B.) (Chin.), an idol. 

to'pi (Hind.), a hat, especially 

sun hats. Cf. chpiau. 
bu'ka to'pi, to take off one's 

t-pat', exactly. 

ba'rat t-pat' , due west. 
t'pi, edge, border, rim. Cf. pirg- 


t'pok, m-n'pok, to pat, strike with 
the palm of the hand. Cf. 
tarn par and ktok. 
t'pok da'da, to beat the breast. 
t'pok ta'ri, to dance and clap 
the hands. 

t-poig', flour. 

t-ra'jaig, to kick dowmv.-mls 
with the sole of the foot. Cf. 

k and tndarg. 

t-raig', clear, plain, bright (of 

light). Cf. lyata. 
t-raig' ta'nali, dawn. 
liii'laii l-nrrt/', moonlight. 
t-raiy'kan, to make clear, ex- 
plain, prove, illuminate. 

t-ras', the heart of timber, the 
hard wood at the centre oi a 

t-ra'tai, the lotus. 
t-ra'tak, shed. Cf. pondok. 

t-rek', strong, excessive, as : 
i'kat t-rek', to tie tightly. 
pa'nas t-rek', excessive heat. 

t-ren'dak, a conical sun hat. 
t-ren'dnk lam' pit, a lamp shade. 

t-ri'ak, ber-t-ri'ak, to shout, cry 
out, scream. Cf. sru. 

tri'gu (Port.), wheat. Cf. (/un- 
do in. 

t-ri'ma, ni-n-ri'ma, to receive, 

accept, take. Cf. sambo I. 
t-ri'ma ka'seh, tliankyou (160). 

t-ri'pan?, bee-he de mer. edible 

sea slug. 
t-rok', severe (of illness or hard 

work ) . 
t-rom'pah, wooden sandals, clog<. 

Cf. <!- r/>ii. 

t-rom'pet (Eng.), bugle, cornet. 
t-roig', the egg-plant, brinjal. 
t-ro'poq?, telescope, field gla.-- 
t-ru'na (Sk.), young man, ycutli. 
t-rus', through, straight through, 

straight, in a direct line. 
t-rufi' t-ninf. Frankly, openlv- 
ja'lan t-nix' , to go in a direct 


t-ni'si, to traverse, pass throiurli- 

t-m'.an, a canal as a short cut 

between two rivers or two 



readies of the same river. 

t-ru'si, sulphuric acid, sulphate 
of copper. 

t-tak', iit'ii-tak', -kan, to chop, 
I lack, give a cutting blow 
with a knife or sword. Cf. 
para iff. 

t- tarn 'pan, a cloth or kerchief 
worn on the left shoulder at 

t-tap', firm, steady, fixed, set- 
tled (in mind or in a place), 
permanent. Cf. tgoh. 
t-tap'kan, to strengthen, con- 
firm, settle. 

1-ta'pi, but, nevertheless; also 

t-tas', to break open from within 
(as an egg when the chicken 
is hatched). 
tt-ka la (Sk.), when, at the time 


lu'a, old (of age or of manufac- 
tured articles) ; deep (of co- 

IK'CI ti'ii'ila, old and young. 
me' rail tu'a, deep red. 
>/ ni i;/ tu'a, old people; parents. 
tu'ah, good fortune, prosperity. 

Cf. untoiy. 

ber-tu'ah, fortunate, lucky. 
tu'ai, m-nu'ai, to reap, cut padi 
with a small knife called 
pn Hal. Cf. ktaiii. 

tu'ak, the fermented juice of the 

coconut palm. 
tu-a'la (Port.), towel. 
tu-a'larg, a swarm of bees. 
tu'am, hot fomentation. 
tu'an, master, owner; Mr., sir; 

you (6). 
in' fin b-sar', the head of a firm, 

senior in office. 

tu'an-ham'ba, sir (in writings). 

tit! an k-chil', junior in office. 

tu' an ru'mali, landlord of a 

iu' on ta'nah, landlord. 

tu'an-kii, my lord (used in ad- 
dressing princes). 

yarg di-per-tu'an, his majesty. 

bcr-tu' on-lean, to serve a person, 
take a person as one's master. 

tu-aig', m-nu-arg', to pour, pour 
out. Cf. cliurah. 

tu'ba, a plant the root of which 
is used to stupify fish in a 
river in order to catch them. 

tu'bir, a pit, hollow, deep place 
iii the sea. 

tu'boh, the body. Cf. badan. 

b-kas' tu'boh, that which has 
touched the body, clothes 
presented as a token of affec- 

ber-p-lok' tu'boh, to fold the 

tu'doh, m-nu'doli, to accuse, 
bring a charge against. Cf. 
tu'do-han, accusation. 

tu'doig, m-nu'dorg, to cover with 
a cloth, veil or other object. 
Cf. tuiop and slimut. 

tn'doiy k-pa'la, head-covering. 

tu'doig mu'l'tt, veil. 

tu'dorg sa'ji, dish cover. . 

tu'do-ryan, a lid or cover. 

tu'gal, a dibble. 

Tu'han, God, the Lord. Cf. 

k-tii'Jia-nan, divinity. 

tu'joh, seven. (For derived 
forms see am pat). 

tu'ju, iu-nii'ju (149), to aim, 
aim at, go in the direction of. 



s-tu'ju, with the same aim or 
purpose, in accord with, in 
keeping with. 

tu'karg, workman, artisan. Of. 

tu'karg a'yer, water carrier. 

tu'karg ba'tu, mason, brick- 

tu'karg b-si', blacksmith. 

tu'karg chap', printer. 

tu'karg chat', painter. 

tu'karg chu'Tcor, barber. 

tu'karg ja'hit, tailor. 

tu'karg ka'sut, shoemaker. 

tu'karg ka'yu, carpenter. 

tu'karg Tc-bun', gardener. 

tu'karg 'mas', goldsmith. 

tu'karg o'bat, apothecary, drug- 

tu'karg p-ri'ok b-la'rga, potter. 

tu'karg ro'ti, baker. 

tu'karg s-pa'tu, shoemaker. 

tu'karg warg', cashier. 

bu'rorg tu'karg, nightjar. 
tu'kar, m-nu'kar, to change one 
thing for another, exchange, 
barter. Cf. ganti and obah. 

tu'kar warg', to change money. 
tu'kol, a hammer ; also tukol bsi. 

Cf. pukol. 
tu-la'dan, model, example. Cf. 

tu'lah (Ar.), misfortune as the 

result of a curse, calamity. 
tu'larg, bone. 

tu'larg b-la'karg, backbone. 

tu'latg k-rirg', shin bone. 

tu'larg mu'da, cartilage. 

tu'larg p-ra'hu, ribs of a boat. 

tu'larg ru'sok, ribs. 

ban'tirg tu'larg, to exert one- 

o'tak tu'larg, marrow. 
tu'lat, three days hence. Cf . 

tu'len (Jav.), real, genuine = 
Malay surggoh and btul. 

tu'li, deaf. Cf. pkak and bula. 

tu'lis, m-nu'lis, to write, drau. 
delineate. Cf. surat and ka- 

tu'lis f/am'bar, to draw a pic- 

tu'lis m-nu'lis, writing, clerical 

ju'ru tu'lis, secretary, clerk. 

tu'li-san, writing, handwriting. 

tu'lus, sincere, honest, straight- 
forward; also tulus ekhlfi*. 
tu'lus ha'ti, sincere. 

tu'ma, a louse. 

turn 'ban?, to fall (of trees). Cf. 
rbah and robolt. 

tum'boh, ber-tum'boli, to grow, 
spring up, sprout. Cf. tu- 

tum'boh-tuin'bo-han, plants in 

k-tum'bo-han, small-pox. Cf. 


tum'bok, in-num'bok, to strike 
with the end of a pole or 
with the fist; to pound in a 
mortar. Cf. tinju and go- 

tnni'bok la' da, the smallest 
kind of Malay dagger. 

/n/ii'bok pa'di, to husk rice by 
pounding in a mortar. 

tu'mit, the heel. 
tum'pah, m-ntim'pah, -kan, to- 
spill, pour out. Cf. crturah. 

tum'parv;, nt-tium'parg, to lodge r 
sojourn, live temporarily as 
in an inn or on board ship. 
tum'panj-kan, to board a per- 
son in a house or on a vessel. 
ru'inah tum-pa'rgan, an inn. 



tum'pas, in-num'pas, to exter- 

tum'pat, to stop up, plug. Cf. 

tum'pol, blunt. Cf. tajam. 

tum'pu, m-num'pu, to press, 
push (as with the feet). 

tu'nai, and warg' iu'nai, cash, 
ready money. 

tu'naig, ber-tu'narg, to betroth, 
tu-na'rgan, betrothed, fiance. 

tu'nas, ber-tu'nas, a sprout; to 

tun'da, to tow; see ton da. 

tun'dok, m-nun'dok, to bow the 
head or body, make a bow, 
bend down. Cf. surgkor. 

tuig'gal, solitary, sole, only, 

a'nak turg'gal, only child. 

tuig'gaig, in-nurg'garg, to ride 
(on horseback). Cf. kndara. 
turg'garg larg'garg, head over 
heels, headlong. 

tuig'gu, m-nuig'gu, -i, to watch, 
guard, wait. Cf. jaga and 

p-nurg'gu, a watchman. 
p-nurg'gu pin'tu, a porter, gate- 

p-nurg'gu pn-ja'ra, prison war- 

tuig'gul, a banner, flag. Cf. 
panji and bndera. 

tuig'gul, the stump of a tree. 

tung'ku = tuan-ku, a title of prin- 

tun'jaig, roots such as those of 
the mangrove, which shoot 
out from the stem. Cf. 
akar, banir and jargkar. 

tun'jok, in-nun'jol-, -kan. to 
point, point out, indicate, 

show. Cf. unjoK'. 
t-lun'jok, the forefinger. 

tun'jonf, water-lily. 

tun'tut, m-nun'tut, to seek for,, 
pursue, search after (especial- 
ly knowledge, vengeance,, 
etc.). Cf. chari. 
tun'tut be' la, to seek vengeance. 
tun'tut 'il'mu, to search for 

tu'nu, to burn. 
tu'pai, squirrel. 

tu'run, m-trit'nin, to descend (46 
6), go down; to be descended 
from ; to come up (of a storm 
of wind or rain). 

tu'run lea' pal, to go on board a 
ship from a pier or wharf. 
Cf. nail: 

tu'run It-da' rat or tu'run da'mt, 
to land, disembark. 

tu'run t-mu'run, in successive 

hu'jan man in-run', rain is 
is coming. 

na'ik tit-run', to go up and 
down (as a road in hilly 
country) . 

tu'run-kan, to let down, lower. 

k-tu'ru-nan, generation, genea- 
logy, descendants. 

tu'rus, post, pillar. 
tu'rut, m-nu'rut, to follow, suc- 
ceed, imitate, obev, conform 
to. Cf. ikut. 
tu'rut p-ren'tah, to obey. 
m-nu'rut, according to, as, like. 
ber-tu-rut-tu'rut, one after an- 
other, successively. 
tut', to propagate by binding 
earth round a branch and 
thus causing it to root. 

tu'toh, m-nu'ioli, to lop, cut off 
branches of a tree. 



tu'top. in-nu'top, -kan, to cover, 
close up, shut up. Cf. lea- 
top and tndorg. 
tu'top y'-mm/', the upper post 

of a screen or partition. 
tu'top ti-a-rg', wall-plate. 
tu'to-pan, a cover. 
lu'tor, ber-tu'tor, to speak, talk. 
Cf. kata and chakap. 


u-ap' or wap', steam, vapour. 
ubah, see obqh. 

u ban, grey hair; grey (of the 

ai'bi, any tuberous root, especial- 
ly the potato. 
n'bi bvg-ga'la, potato. 
n'bi ka'yu, tapioca. 
n'bi k-la'di, the yam. 
u bin and ba'tu u'bin, flooring 
tiles; (in Singapore) granite. 

n-bim-u'biin, the crown of the 
head, the opening between 
the parts of the skull in 
young children, the fontanel. 

u-bur-u'bur, jellyfish. 

u chap, m-rgu'cliap, to say, utter, 

pronounce (as prayers, 

thanksgivings, etc.). Cf. 

u'daig, prawn, shrimp; also hu- 

- daiy, q.v. 
u-da'ra, the air, atmosphere, 

sky. Cf. hawa. 
u'dek, upper waters of a river, 

interior of a country. Cf. 

hnlu and liilir. 
in u'dek, to ascend a river, go 

ufti, see upti. 
ugama, see agama. 
u'got, m-iyu'yot, to threaten. 

u'jar, to say, speak. 

u'ji, m-tyu'ji, to test, examine, 

assay (as metals). 
Ixi'lu u'ji, touchstone. 

u'kir, nt-H/n'kir, to engrave, 
ca rve. 

u'kop, to perfume with incense. 

u'kor, m-iyu'kor, to measure 

(length). Cf. sukat. 
ka'iju u'kor, rule, measure. 

'u-la'ma(Ar. ), learned men ; plu- 
ral of 'alim. 

u'lan?, ni-nju'larg, -i, to repeat, 

go or do repeatedly. 
ii-lti' tyan, repetition; the cho- 
rus of a song (X.). 

u'lar, serpent, snake. 

u'lar na'ga, a dragon, fabulous 

u'lat, maggot, wonn. 

u'la.t bx'lu. liain 7 caterpillar. 

ulu, see hulu. 

u-maig-u'mang:, a hermit crab, 
u mat (Ar.), people, nation. 
um'bi, taproot. Cf. akar. 

inn but, the soft edible heart at 
the top of a palm tree. 

'u'mor (Ar.), lifetime, age, 

length of life. 
.Junior hi'dop, all one's life. 

um-pa'nia and u-pa'ma (Sk.), 
like, resembling. 

nm-pa'ma-iya, for instance. 

s'um-pa'ina, like, similar to. 

um-pa'ma-kan, to compare, 

per-um-pa'maan, proverb, pa- 

um pan, bait for a fishing line or 
a trap. 



um pat, tit-igum'pai, to slander, 
abuse, revile. 

um'pil, in-nfuni'pil, to raise or 
move by means of a lever. 

un-daig-un'daig, laws, regu- 
un'dan, a pelican. 

un'di, lot. 

bu-aig' un'di, to cast lots. 

un'dor, to retire, go back, retreat. 
un' dor-kau, to withdraw, draw 

uig'gas, bird; also otggas. 

uig'gun, a slow burning log; to 

uig'ku, a title of Malay chiefs. 

Cf. turgku. 
u'rgu, purple. 

un'jok, m-rgvn'jok, -kan, to hold 
out anything in the hand, 
show to a person. Ci. tnn- 
jok and li.ul.or. 

un'jok-kan ta'rgan, to hold out 
the hand. 

un'jur and b-lun'jur, stretched 
out (of the legs). Cf. julo,-. 

un'toig, profit, benefit, fortune, 


mi' to Hi Itti'ik, good frotune. 
un'toirj ja-hat' and un'toiy ia'- 
lairj, bad fortune. 

un'tut, elephantiasis. 

u'pah, pay, wages. Cf. gaji. 
o'ratg u'pa-han, hired man. 

u'pam, ni-Kjii' jHini to polish, 

burnish. Cf. cliiinni. 
tcr-u' fxun , polished. 
upama, .-c-c inn IHI m a. 

u'pas (.lav.), the ///xz.v tree, and 

the poison made therefrom. 
u-pa'ya (8k.), means, resources. 

da'ya u-pa'ya, resources, means 
of doing things. 

u'peh, the flower sheath of cer- 
tain palms, used to make 
buckets, etc. 

up'ti (Sk.), tribute. 

u'rai, m-iyu'rai, to untie, undo, 

open. Cf. buka. 
'in a ft' u'rai, gold dust. 

u rap, in-rgu'rap, to rub with oil 
or cosmetics. 

u'rat, nerve, vein, muscle, sinew. 
u'rat da' rah, vein. 
u'rat pn'ieh, nerve. 
sa'lah u'rat, sprain. 

u'ri, the afterbirth. 

u'rut, m-tgu'nit, to rub with the 

u'sah, need, necessity; to be 
necessary. Cf. wajib. 

ta' u'sah, there is no need, never 

u'sah -kan, not merely* instead 


u'sa-ha (Sk.), diligence, continu- 
ed effort. Cf. rajin. 

bcr-u'sa-lia, diligent. 

u'sa-lia'kan di'ri, to be indus- 
trious, be diligent. 

u'sek, m-nin'xck, to annoy, vex, 
plague, worry. 

u'si-a (Sk.). age, length of life. 
Cf. umor. 

u'sir, m-rg-u'xir, to pursue, chase. 
Cf. hantbat and k-jar. 

u'soqg;, in-ign'sotg, to carry on 
a pole or litter or stretcher. 
Cf. tandu. 

usul, see asal. 
u'sut (B.), to incite = asut. 
u-ta'ma (Sk.), excellent, best; 
also temtama. 



u-ta'ra (Sk.), the North. 

u-tar-u tar, a small round shield. 

u'tas, a coil, skein ; numerical co- 
efficient of necklaces, etc. 

u'tas, an artisan, mechanic. 

ut'tau (B.) (Chin.), a flat iron, 
ironing box. Cf. strika. 

n't us, m-rgu'tus, to send an em- 
u'tu-san, ambassador, envoy. 


wa'fat (Ar.), dead; usually 

wah' (132), an exclamation of 
astonishment or disgust. 

wa'hi (Ar.), revelation, vision; 
also wahyu. 

wa'jah (Ar.), face. 

wa'jib (Ar.), necessary, indis- 
pensable, obligatory. Cf. 

vva'kaf (Ar.), endowment, be- 
quest (for religious pur- 
poses) . 

wa'kil (Ar.), agent, representa- 
tive, manager, attorney. 

wak'tu (Ar.), time, period; at 
the time when, while. Cf. 

U'ma walc'tu, the five stated 
hours of prayer, namely, su- 
boh, dloha, asar, maghrib 
and 'islia. 

wa'lau (Ar.), even if, although. 

wa'li (Ar.), governor. 

', money; in the native cur- 
rency 1 wary = 10 duit. 
warg' 'mas', gold money. 
wary' ker'tas, paper money, 

' iu'nai, ready money. c:ish. 
bu-arg' warg', to waste money. 
bu'rga warg', interest of money. 
cha'ri warg', to earn money. 
wa'igi (Jav.), sweet smelling, 

fragrant. Cf. harom. 
war^'kan;, a Chinese junk. 
wap, see uap. 
wa'rin (Eng.), a warrant for 

wa'rith and wa'ris (Ar.), heir, 


wa-saig'ka (Sk.), doubts, un- 
certainty, anxiety, perplexity. 
wa'seh, piles, hemorrhoids; also 

\va si-at (Ar.), will, testament; 

also surat wasiat. 
was'was (Ar.), evil suggestion, 


wa'yaig, a theatrical perform- 
ma' in wa'yarg, to act in a 

ru'niak wa'yary, a theatre. 

wa'zir (Ar.), vizier, prime mi- 
nister. Cf. mntri. 

wer'na (Sk.), colour, 

wer'ta (Sk.), news, information, 
report. Cf. brita and Icha- 

wer'ta-Tcan, to report, inform 

Wolanda, see Blanda. 

wrirgin = brirgin, q.v. 

ya' (59), yes; oh (132) (chiefly 
used in addressing the deity 
and superiors). 



ya'a'ni (Ar.), that is to say, that 
is. Cf. ia'itu. 

Ya-hu'di (Ar.), Jew, Jewish; 
also Jahudi and Jaudi. 

.ya'kin (Ar.), certainty, convic- 
tion, earnestness, eagerness, 

ya'kut (Pers.), jacinths, rubies, 
and some other precious 

yam-tu'an, a corruption of yarg 
di-pertuan; see yarg. 

yarg' (Jav.), God; found as a 
derivative in the words: 

ka-ya'rgan, the heaven of Hin- 
du mythology. Cf. shorya 
and indra. 

sm-bali'yarg, worship; see sm- 


yavg' (20, 21) (136, 137), who, 
what, which; (34) used to 
form the ordinal numbers; 
and (92, 93) the superlative 
degree of adjectives. 

yarg' di-per-tu'an, his majesty. 

yanj' ma'lia mu-li'a, his high- 
ness, his excellency. 

ya'tim (Ar.), orphaned; orphan: 
also anak yatim. Cf. piatu. 
yaum' (Ar.). day. 

yo-gi'a (Sk.), in the phrase: 
s-yo-gi'a-tya, it is seemly. 

yu'ran, subscription, collection. 

za'bur(Ar.), the book of Psalms, 
also Jcitab zabur. Cf. maz- 

/ai tun (Ar.), the olive. 

za'kat (Ar.), the Mohammedan 
poor rate. 

za'man (Ar.), time, epoch, age; 
also z-man and jman. Of. 
Tcala, masa and waktu. 

za'man ber-za'man, for succes- 
sive generations. 

za'man d-lm'lu, in olden times. 

za'man s-ka'rarg, the present 

a'khir za'man, the last time, 
the end of the ages. 

/am'rud (Pers.), an emerald. 

zat' (Ar. dhat), substance, es- 

zat' Al'lah, the divine essence 
or nature. 

zi'na, ber-zi'na. adultery, for- 
nication; to commit adul- 

zi'rah (Pers.), and ba'ju zi'rah 

coat of mail. 

zm'rud (Pers.), an emerald. 
zu'fa (Ar.), hyssop. 


The Numerals. 

<)ne. xatn, s-. 
Two. flint. 
Three, tiga. 
Four, ant pat. 
Five. lima. 
Six. timim. 
Sou'ii. tujoh. 
Eight, dlajmn. 
Xine, smbilan. 
Ten. s-puloli. 
Eleven, *-blas. 
Twelve, dua Was. 
Thirteen, tigfi bias. 
"Twenty, dua puloh. 
Twenty-one, dua puloh satu or s- 

Twenty-two, dua puloh dua or 

dua lekor. 
Thirty, tiga puloh. 
Thirty-one, tiga puloh satu. 
One hundred, s-ratu*. 
One hundred and one, s-ratus 

One hundred and ten, s-ratus s- 

One hundred and twenty, s-ratus 

dua puloh. 

One thousand, s-ribu. 
Ten thousand, x-lakxu. 
One hundred thousand, s-kti. 
One million, s-juta. 


Blaek. hi lam. 
Blue. biru. 

Brown, hi tarn ma nix. 
Chestnut, penny. 
'<i]'ccn. hi jau. 
<lrey, klabu. 

Pink, me rah mitda. 
Purple, uiyu. 
Red, merali, me rah fna. 
\Vhite, puteh. 
Yellow, kilning. 

Clothing and Household Affairs. 

Acc-ounts, kira-kira. 
Air. to, j ni or, arginkan. 
Almeirah, almari. 
Basin, nwrgkok, bokor. 
Basket, bakul. 
Bath-room, tin pat mandi. 
Bed. tin pat tidor. 
Bed-room, bilck tidor. 
Bell, locheiy. 
Belt, ikat piiynatg. 
Bill, xurat liiiffii;/. 
Blanket, sliinut. 

Book, buku. 
Bottle, botol 
Box, pti. 
Broom, ptyapu. 
Brush, brus. 
Bucket (dipper), tiniba. 
Bundle, butykus. 
Button, kanchiiy. 
Ciindle. Ill in, dian. 
Candlestick, kaki hi in. 
( \-iling, largit-lan/it. 
Chair, kursi, krusi. 


Charcoal, ararg kayit. 

Chicks (sun-blinds), bidai. 

Clean, berseh. 

Clean, to, chuclii. 

Clock, jam. 

Cloth, kain. 

Clothes, pakaian. 

Coat, baju. 

Comb, sikat rambot. 

Cotton (thread), bnarg. 

Cup, margkok. 

Cupboard, almari. 

Curtain (mosquito), klambu. 

Curtain (window), tirai. 

Dish, pirggan. 

Door, pintu. 

Drain, lorykarg. 

Drawer, lachi. 

Dry in the air, to, aiyirikan. 

Dry in the sun, to, jmor. 

Dust, habok. 

Dust, to, sapu habok. 

Eat, to, makan. 

Envelope, sarorg surat. 

Extinguish, to, padam. 

Family, isi rurnah, kaum khirga. 

Firewood, Icayu api. 

Flannel, Icain panas. 

Flannel shirt, kmeja panas. 

Floor, lantai. 

Flower pot, pasu buiga. 

Fold, to, lipat. 

Food, makanan. 

Fork, garfii. 

Glass, glas. 

Hammer, pmukol, piytok. 

Handkerchief, sapu targan. 

Hat, topi. 

Ink, tinta, dawat. 

Iron, to, strika, trika. 

Kerosine, miryak tanah. 

Key. anak kuncJii. 

Kitchen, da pur. 

Knife, pisau. 

Lamp, lampu, pliia. 

Lamp glass, chororg. 

Lamp wick, sumbu. 

Letter, surat. 

Light a lamp, to, pasarg lampu. 

Lock, kunchi. 

Lock, to, kunchikan. 

Long chair, kursi panjarg. 

Mat, tikar. 

Matches, korek api, machis. 

Mattress, tilam. 

Measure, to (length), ukor. 

Measure, to (capacity), sukat. 

Medicine, obat. 

Mirror, chermin muka. 

Mosquito, tyamok. 

Mosquito net, klambu. 

Xail, paku. 

Needle, jarom. 

Newspaper, surat khabar^ 

Oil, miryak. 

Padlock, kunchi margga.. 

Paper, kertas. 

Pail, torg, baldi. ' 

Pay, to, bayer. 

Picture, gambar. 

PilloAv, bantal. 

Pillow case, sarorg baniaL 

Pin, pniti. 

Plate, pirirg. 

Pocket, kocliek. 

Saucer, pirirg. 

Scissors, guntirg. 

Screw, paku skrup. 

Sew, to, jahit. 

Sheet, slimut. 

Shirt, kmeja. 

Shoes, kasut, spatn. 

Singlet, baju dalam. 

Soap, sabon. 

Socks, sarorg kaki. 

Sofa, kauchi. 

Spectacles, chermin mata. 

Sponge, span, himut karan}. 

Spoon, sndok, sudu. 

Stairs, targga. 

Starch, kanji. 

Stockings, saroty kaki. 

Sweep, to, sapu, gosok. 

U'able, meja. 



Table-cloth, Tcain meja. 
Table, to la}' the, taroh meja. 
Table, to wait at, jaga meja. 
Tailor (Chinese), tukarg jaliit. 
Tailor (Indian), dirzi, derji. 
Teapot, tin pat teh. 
Thimble, didal 
Thread, bnarg. 
Tooth-pick, korek gigi. 
Towel, tuala. 
Tray, dularg. 
Trousers, sluar. 
Umbrella, payorg. 

Vest, baju dalam. 

Wages, gaji. 

Wall (partition), dindirg. 

Wall (outside), temboJc. 

Wash, to, chuchi, basoh. 

Washerman, dhobi. 

Wash-tub, torg kayu. 

Watch, jam Jcchil. 

Weigh, to, timbarg. 

White ant, smut puteh, anai-anai, 

Wick, sumbu. 

Window, jndela. 

Write, to, tulis. 

Foods and Cookery. 

Almond, badam, Tctaparg. 

Bake, to, parggaty. 

Bamboo shoots, rborg. 

Banana, pisaiy. 

Beans, Tcacliarg. 

Beef, dagirg Imbu. 

Boil, to, rbits. 

Bread, roti. 

Bread fruit, sukun. 

Brinjal, trorg. 

Butter, mntega. 

Cabbage, Jcobis. 

Cake, Jcueh. 

Capon, ayam kmbiri. 

Cayenne pepper, lada merali. 

Charcoal, ararg kayu. 

Cheese, keju. 

Chicken, ayam Jcchil . 

Chop, to, chincharg. 

Chutney, chatni. 

Coco-nut, klapa, njiur. 

Coffee, Tcopi. 

Corn (Indian), jagorg, 

Crab, Jetam, kpitirg. 

Cucumber, titnon. 

Curry, gulai, Jean. 

Custard apple, buaJi nona. 

Dates, Tfliurma. 

Duck, itek. 

Duku, dnku. 

Durian, durian. 

Egg, tlor. 

Fish, ikan. 

Flour, tporg. 

Fowl, ayam. 

Fruit, buah. 

Fry, to, gorirg. 

Ghee, miryak sapi, gi. 

Ginger, halia. 

Goose, a-rgsa. 

Gravy, Tcuah. 

Guava, jambu biji. 

Heart, jantorg. 

Honey, ayer madu, gula Ibali. 

Ice, ayer batu. 

Ice cream, ais Jcrim. 

Indian corn, jagorg. 

Jack fruit, naigka. 

Kitchen, dapur. 

Langsat, largsat. 

Lard, miryak babi. 

Leg, Jioki. 

Lemonade, ayer manis. 

Lime, limau asam, Umau nipis 

Liver, hati. 

Lobster, hudarg galah. 

Maize, jagorg. 

Malacca syrup, gula liitam, gula 


Mango, matyga. 
Mangosteen, marggis. 
Marrow, otak tularg. 



Meat, tlagity. 

Milk. nutiii. 

Mushroom, chndairnn. 

Mustard, ssawi. 

Mutton, dagiiy kambiirj. 

Onion, baieatg. 

Orange, limau manis. 

Oven, dapur. 

Ox tail, ekor htibu. 

Ox tongue, Hdah Imbu. 

Oysters, tiram. 

Papaya, buah btek, kpaya. 

Peas, kacharg. 

Pepper, lada. 

Pickles, achar. 

Pigeon, merpati, komba. 

Pine-apple, naiuis. 

Plantain, pisaiy. 

Pork, dagiiy babi. 

Porridge, suji. 

Potato, ubi. 

Prawns, hudaiy. 

Pudding, kueh. 

Pulasan, pulasan. 

Pumpkin, Inbn tnerah. 

Raisins, Tfismis. 

Kambai, rambai. 

Eambutan, rambutan. 

Hice (in the husk), padi. 

Kiee (husked), bras. 

Kice (cooked), nasi. 

Konst. to. 

Sago, sag u. 

Salad, salada. 

Salt, gar am. 

Sauce, sos, Tcuali. 

Sour-sop, durian blanda. 

Spices, rmpah-rmpak. 

Spinach, bat/am. 

Squash. Itibu me rah. 

Sugar, gula. 

Sweet potato, kledek. 

Syrup, ayer gula. 

Tail, ekor. 

Tea, teh. 

Tea (infused), 'ayer teh. 

Tea leaves, da tin teh. 

Teapot, tmpat teh. 

Toast, roti paigganj. 

Tough, kras. 

Turkey, a yam blanda. 

Turtle, piyu. 

A'egetahles, sayur. 

A'inegar, chuka. 

Water, drinking, ayer minum. 

Yam, kladi. 

Horses and Carriages. 

Bit. higam, katy. 
Bran, ddak, bust. 
Broom, ptyapu. 
Brush, bras. 
Candle, lilin. 
Carriage, kreta. 
Comh, sikat, sisir. 
Cushion, tilam. 
Drive, to, pgaig ras. 
Floor, lantai. 
(Irani, kachaty kuda. 
Groom, sais. 
Harness, pakaian kuda. 
Hoof, kulcu. 
Horse, kuda. 
Kick, to, tndarg. 

Lame, temparg. 
Lamp, plita, lampu. 
Mane, bulu trgkok. 
Mare, kuda btina. 
Matches, korek api. 
Medicine, obat. 
Oil, miryak. 
Paddy, padi. 
Pail, ton/ bsi, baldi. 
Pair (of horses), jori. 
Pony, kuda kchil. 
Reins, ras. 

Ride, to, turggaiy kuda. 
Rub, to, gosok. 
Saddle, plana, sela. 
Shaft, bom. 



l,.i kuda, spatu kuda. 
.Sponge, span, luniut karaig. 
Stable, baigsal kuda. 
Sweep, to, sapn. 
Swelling, bigkak. 
Traces, jut. 

Vicious?, jahat. 

Walk a horse, jalankan kuda. 

Wheel, roda. 

Whip, cliabok. 

Wound, luka. 

The Human Body. 

Abdomen, prat. 

Ankle, ntata kaki. 

Ann, hgan. 

Armpit, ktiak. 

Artery, unit darah. 

Hack, blakaiy. 

Beard, jaiggot. 

Blood. <l<t mli. 

Body, badan, tub oil. 

Bone, tiilatg. 

Brains, otak. 

Breath, nafas. 

Brow, kniig. 

Buttoeks, puiggotg. 

Calf of the leg, jantorg bti$. 

Cheek, pi pi. 

Chest, dada. 

Chin. dayu. 

Har. flitr/a, kiipirg. 

Elbow, sikn. 

H\v. niata. 

Kycball, hiji niata. 

Eyebrow, bulu knit;./. 

Eyelash, bulu wain. 

Eyelid, klopfik niata. 

Kace. ti/i/L-ii. 

Finger, jari. 

Finger nail, kuku jari. 

Flesh, daffirg. 

Foot, kdkl. 

Forehead, dali i. 

s, yus. 

Hair (of the body), biilu roma. 
Hair (of the head), ranibot. 
Hand, ttiti/un. 
Head, k/Hila. 
Heart, jantonj. 
Heel, tu in it. 

Instep, kura-kura kaki. 

Joints, smli. 

Kidney, buah pitggarg. 

Knee, lutut. 

Knuckles, buku jari. 

Leg, kaki, btis. 

Lip, bibir. 

Liver, liati. 

Loins, pati/kal paha. 

Lungs, 'paru-pam. 

Moustache, misai, kumis. 

Mouth, mitlut. 

Xeck, lehir. 

Xerves, nrat puteh. 

Xose, hidorg. 

Xostril, lobarg hidorg. 

Palm (of the hand), tapak ia- 


Perspiration, ploh. 
Phlegm, dahak. 
Pulse, nadi. 
Shin, tulan/ 1,-rlnj. 
Shoulder, baliu. 
Shoulder blade, blikat. 
Side, rusok. 
Skin, kiilit. 
Skull, tigkorak. 
Sole (of the foot), tapak kaki. 
Spittle, ayer Hot: 
Tears, ayer- niata. 
Thigh, paha. 

Throat (windpipe), krotgk.org. 
Toe, jari kaki. 
Tongue, lidali. 
Tooth, f/igi. 
Uvula, auak lidali. 
Vein, -nrat darah. 
Waist, f/irggaig. 




Abortion, buarg anal'. 

Abscess, barah. 

Ague, dmam Jcura. 

Amenorrhoea, berhenti darah. 

Anaemia, kurarg darah. 

Asthma, ssak dada, lla. 

Atrophy, kurus krirg. 

Baldness, botak, gondoL 

Beri-beri, sakit lumpoh, sbar. 

Bleeding, Tcluar darah. 

Blindness, buta. 

Boil, bisul. 

Bronchitis, ssak dada, lla. 

Bruise, Ibam. 

Bubo, margga, klnjaran. 

Burn, terbakar. 

Calculus, batu-bahian. 

Cancer, puru. 

Cataract, bular. 

Catarrh, slsmah. 

Cholera, muntah berak. 

Cold, slsmah. 

Colic, mulas, ehika. 

Constipation, smblit. 

Consumption, batok krirg. 

Convulsion, sawan. 

Cough", batok. 

Cramps, mulas. 

Deafness, pkak. tuli. 

Debility, klmahan. 

Diabetes, knchirg manis. 

Diarrhoea, buarg-buarg ayer. 

Diphtheria, sriawan. 

Dislocation, plechok. 

Dropsy, smbap. 

Dumb, bisu, klu. 

Dysentery, buarg ayer darah. 

Dysmenorrhcea, srggugot. 

Dyspepsia, pryakit ta'hajam. 

Elephantiasis, untut. 

Epidemic, sampar. 

Epilepsy, gita babi. 

Evacuate, to (the bowels), buarg 

ayer, berak. 
Extracting teeth, chabot gigi. 

Fever, dmam. 

Fever and ague, dmam kura. 

Fever, continued, dmam kpialu. 

Flatulence, snddwa. 

Fracture of bone, patah tularg. 

Freckles, tahi lalat. 

Gonorrhoea, sakit knchirg. 

Gravel, batu-batuan. 

Harelip, bibir sumbirg. 

Headache, sakit kpala. 

Hemorrhage, Tcluar darah. 

Hemorrhoids, Imwasir, waseh* 

Hiccough, sdu. 

Humpbacked, borgkok. 

Hydrocele, borot. 

Impotence, mati puchok. 

Indigestion, makanan ta'hajam. 

Inflammation, brgkak. 

Insanity, gila. 

Insomnia, ta'boleh tidor. 

Intermittent fever, dmam kura. 

Itch, k-udis. 

Jaundice, mmbarg. 

Leprosy, kusta, pnjakit jaliat. 

Leuchorrhcea, puteh-pntehan. 

Lockjaw, kaku. 

Lumbago, srgal pirgga/;/. 

Malaria, dmam. 

Mange, kutU*. 

Mania, gila. 

Measles, cham/Hik. 

Menses, datarg bnlnn. 

Miscarriage, gugor anvk. 

Moles, tahi lalat. 

Mumps, brgok. 

Nausea, loya. 

Nerve, urat puteh. 

Ophthalmia, sakit muta. 

Palpitation, dbar. 

Palsy, tepok. 

Paralysis, tepok. 

Phthisis, batok krinj. 

Piles, bawasir, waseh. 

Pleurisy', tika m -t ikam . 

Pox, small, chachar, ktumbohan. 



Prickly heat, uam panas. 

Bheumatism, srgal, suleh. 

Ringworm, kurap. 

Scrofula, tmbole-tmboJs. 

Scurvy, saratan. 

Semen, mni. 

Small-pox, cliacliar, ktumbohan. 

Sores, tokak. 

Sprain, salah urat. 

Stomach-ache, sakit prot. 

Sunstroke, panah mata-hari. 

Syphilis, sakit prempuan. 
Toothache, sakit gigi. 
Tumour, bisul ta'bermata. 
Ulcer, pkoty. 
Urine, ayer knchirg. 
Vaccination, tanam chachar. 
Varicose veins, urat terkluar. 
Vomiting, muntah. 
Whooping cough, batok salak. 
Worms, chachirg. 
Wounds, luka. 

Timbers in Local Use. 

Ballow, balait. 
Bilian, blian. 
Bintangor, bntargor. 
( 'ainphor, kapiir. 
Chingai, chrgai. 
Uamar laut, damar laut. 
Bai'oo, darv-daru. 
Ebony, l-ayu ctrarg. 
Iron-wood, blian. 
Kamuning, kmnnirg. 
Kranji, kranji. 
IMangrove, bakau, api-api. 

Meranti, mranti. 

Mirabau, merbau. 

Russock, rsak. 

Sandalwood, chndana. 

Sappan wood, sparg. 

Selangan batu, slargan batu. 

Selangan kacha, slargan kaclia. 

Seraya, sraya. 

Tampinis, tmpinis. 

Teak, jati. 

Tembusu, tmbusu. 

Nautical Terms. 

Aground, terkandas. 
Ahead, di mitka. 
Anchor, sauh. 
Anchor, to, berlaboh. 
Anchorage, labohan. 
Astern, di blakarg. 
Awning, chtri. 
Back water, to, lais. 
Bale out, to, timba ayer. 
Ballast, tolak bliara. 
Barge, torykatg. 
Bay. ilok. 

Bilge water, ayer ruaty. 
Boat, sampan, bot. 
Bow. hluan. 
Buoy, boy a. 

Cabin, kurory. 
Calm, argin idoli. 
Cape, tanjorg. 
Capstan, putaran. 
I Captain, kaptan, kapitan. 
Captain (native), nakhoda. 
Chart, pta. 
Clear, trarg. 
Cloudy, rdop. 
Collide, to, larggar. 
Compass, pdoman. 
Current, harus. 
Dark, glap. 
Deck, dck. 
Deep, dalam. 
Drift, to, liaiyut. 



Ebb, ayer surut. 

Fathom, dpa. 

Float, to, timbol. 

Flood tide, ayer pasaig. 

Fog, kabot. 

Foul, tcrsatgkot. 

Founder, to, karam. 

Galley, dapur. 

Halyards, signal, tali bndera. 

Hard over, chkar. 

Hatch, palkah. 

Hawser, tali bsar. 

Heave up, to (windlass), obis. 

Heave up, to (anchor), borgkar 

Heave the lead, to, buarg duga or 


Heeling over, serget. 
Helm, kmudi. 
High water, pasarg pnoli. 
Hurricane, taufan. 
Island, pulau. 
Knot, simpol. 
Land, darat. 

Lead line, tali duga or tali prum. 
Leaky, bochor. 
Leeward, di bawah argin. 
Lighter, torgkarg. 
Lighthouse, rumah api. 
Lightning, kilat. 
Lights, lainpu, plita. 
Log, patent, topdal 
Lower awav, to, aria. 
Make fast, to, ikat. 
Mast, tiarg. 
Mate, m'alim. 
Mist, kabot. 
Mud, himpur. 
Oar, dayorg. 
Port. ////. 
Pump, bomba. 
Quartermaster, juru-mudi. 
Raft, rakit. 
Rain, hujan. 
Bain, heavy, hujan Ibat. 
Rain, light, hujan rintek-rinick. 
Rigging, tali-tmali. 

Rock, batu. 

Jiope, tali. 

Rudder, kmudi. 

Sail, layer. 

Sailing ship, kapal layer. 

Sailor, khalaw, anah- prahu. 

Sand, paxir. 

Sand-bank, btirg. 

Sea, laut. 

Sea-sick, mabok laut. 

Shallow, toll or, chetek. 

Shark, ikan yu. 

Ship. ka/)oL 

Shore, pantai, darat. 

Shrouds, tmberarg. 

Sink, to, trgglam. 

Slack away chain, to, aria ranlai. 

Slack tide, ayer tnarg. 

Smokestack, cliorory. 

Splice, to, sambo tg. 

Starboard, kanan. 

Steady helm, tgar kmudi. 

Steam, uap. 

Steamer, kapal api. 

Steer, pgatg kmudi. 

Stern, buritan. 

Storm, ribot. 

Strait, slat. 

Supercargo, chinchu. 

Surf, pchahan ombak. 

Swell, alun. 

Tacking, berpal-pal. 

Tank, tanki. 

Tarpaulin, tarpal. 

Thunder, guroh. 

Tow, to. tonda. 

Twine, tali kchil. 

Vessel (European), kapal. 

Vessel (native), prahu. 

Waterspout, putirg bliorg. 

Wave, ombak, glombarg. 

Wind, argin. 

Windlass, putaran. 

Windward, di titax an/in. 

Wire rope, tali h*i, tali kawat. 

Wire, dawai. 



The Countries of the World. 

Abyssinia, negri Habshi. 
Acheen, negri Acheh. 
Amboyna, pulau Am bun. 
America, negri Merikan. 
Arabia, negri 'Arab. 
Australia, negri Strelia. 
Batavia, Btaivi. 
Bengal, negri Brggala. 
Bombay, Bonibai. 
Borneo, Brunai. 
Burmah, negri Berma. 
Celebes, Slebes. 
Ceylon, Selon. 
China, negri China. 
EgA'pt, negri Ma fir. 
England, negri Irggris or Irglan. 
Europe, negri Airopah. 
France, negri Fransis. 
Germany, negri Jerman. 
Greece, negri Grik. 

Hindustan, negri Hindi. 

Holland, negri Blanda. 

India, negri Hindi. 

Italy, negri I tali. 

Japan, negri Jpmi. 

Java, tanah Jaw a. 

Macassar, Mrgkasar. 

Malacca, Mlaka. 

Malaya, tanah Mlayu. 

Xew Guinea, Papua. 

Persia, negri Farsi. 

Portugal, negri Portugis. 

Russia, negri Riisia. 

Siam, negri Siam. 

Singapore, Singapuro and Slat. 

Spain, negri Spanjol. 

Sumatra, Pulau Percha. 

Syria, negri Shnin. 

Turkey, negri Turki. 

The Points of the Compass. 

Xortb, vtara. 
North-east, Urn or laut. 
East, timor. 
South-east, trggara. 

South, slatan. 
South-west, barat day a. 
West, barat. 
North- west, barat laut.