note NetWallah Ah - learned something today - thank you.<p> I avoid "fetchall_*", because I mostly process a row-at-a-time , and use the clearer syntax of fetchrow_hashref.<p> The OP's questions were based on managing arrays, and I did not want to bring hashes and confuse that discussion.<p> Thanks, [space_monk]. <!-- Node text goes above. Div tags should contain sig only --> <div class="pmsig"><div class="pmsig-159887"> <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<small> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "By three methods we may learn wisdom: First, by reflection, which is noblest; Second, by imitation, which is easiest; and third by experience, which is the bitterest." &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; -Confucius </small></p> </div></div> 1010560 1010684