C1q/TNF-Related Protein-3 (CTRP-3) and Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor (PEDF) Concentrations in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome

  1. Sei Hyun Baik1
  1. 1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
  2. 2Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
  3. 3Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
  4. 4Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
  5. 5Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
  6. 6Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
  7. 7AdipoGen, Inc., Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, Korea
  1. Corresponding author: Sei Hyun Baik, bsyoun{at}adipogen.com.
  1. B.-S.Y. and S.H.B. contributed equally to this work.


Recent studies have suggested that a novel adipokine, C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein-3 (CTRP-3), a paralog of adiponectin, may play an important role in the regulation of glucose metabolism and innate immunity. Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), a multifunctional protein with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, is associated with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. We examined circulating CTRP-3 and PEDF concentrations in 345 subjects with diverse glucose tolerance statuses. Furthermore, we evaluated the involvement of CTRP-3 and PEDF with cardiometabolic risk factors including insulin resistance, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). CTRP-3 concentrations were significantly higher in patients with type 2 diabetes or prediabetes than the normal glucose tolerance group, whereas PEDF levels were not different. Subjects with metabolic syndrome showed significantly higher levels of both CTRP-3 and PEDF compared with subjects without metabolic syndrome. Both CTRP-3 and PEDF were significantly associated with cardiometabolic parameters, including waist-to-hip ratio, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, eGFR, hsCRP, and baPWV. In conclusion, circulating CTRP-3 concentrations were elevated in patients with glucose metabolism dysregulation. Both CTRP-3 and PEDF concentrations were increased in subjects with metabolic syndrome and associated with various cardiometabolic risk factors.


  • Received February 28, 2012.
  • Accepted May 7, 2012.


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  1. Diabetes vol. 61 no. 11 2932-2936
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