forebrain, also called prosencephalon,  region of the developing vertebrate brain; it includes the telencephalon, which contains the cerebral hemispheres and, under these, the diencephalon, which contains the thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus, and subthalamus. The forebrain represents one of the three major developmental divisions of the brain; the other two are the midbrain and hindbrain.

Sagittal section of the human brain, showing structures of the cerebellum, brainstem, and cerebral ventricles.Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.The cerebral hemispheres make up the uppermost portion of the brain and are involved in sensory integration, control of voluntary movement, and higher intellectual functions, such as speech and abstract thought. The thalamus is the main relay centre between the medulla oblongata and the cerebrum; the hypothalamus is an important control centre for sex drive, pleasure, pain, hunger, thirst, blood pressure, body temperature, and other visceral functions. The hypothalamus produces hormones that control the secretions of the anterior pituitary gland, and it also produces oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone, which are stored in and released by the posterior pituitary gland.