Some networks require interaction from users prior to authorizing network access.  Before that authorization is granted, network access might be limited in some fashion.  Frequently, this authorization process requires human interaction, either to arrange for payment or to accept some legal terms. Currently, network providers use a number of interception techniques to reach a human user (such as intercepting cleartext HTTP to force a redirect to a web page of their choice), and these interceptions often look like man-in-the-middle attacks. As endpoints become inherently more secure, existing interception techniques will become less effective or will fail entirely. This will result in a poor user experience as well as a lower rate of success for the Captive Portal operator. The CAPPORT Working Group will define secure mechanisms and protocols to  - allow endpoints to discover that they are in this sort of limited environment,  - allow endpoints to learn about the parameters of their confinement,  - provide a URL to interact with the Captive Portal and satisfy the requirements,  - interact with the Captive Portal to obtain information such as status and remaining access time, and  - optionally, advertise a service whereby devices can enable or disable unrestricted access without human interaction. Out of scope are "roaming" or federated types of solutions (Passpoint, eduRoam, iPass, Boingo), which use mechanisms such as 802.1X or a client application to authenticate. These are not really captive portals, and have largely been solved in other ways. Initially, the working group will focus on simplifying captive portal interactions where a user is present. A stretch-goal / phase 2 work may attempt to solve this problem for devices that have no human interaction (such as "IoT" devices).