DU(1) User Commands DU(1)

NAME du - estimate file space usage

SYNOPSIS du [OPTION]... [FILE]... du [OPTION]... --files0-from=F

DESCRIPTION Summarize disk usage of each FILE, recursively for directories.

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.

-a, --all write counts for all files, not just directories

--apparent-size print apparent sizes, rather than disk usage; although the apparent size is usually smaller, it may be larger due to holes in ( sparse ) files, internal fragmentation, indirect blocks, and the like

-B, --block-size=SIZE use SIZE-byte blocks

-b, --bytes equivalent to --apparent-size --block-size=1

-c, --total produce a grand total

-D, --dereference-args dereference only symlinks that are listed on the command line

--files0-from=F summarize disk usage of the NUL-terminated file names specified in file F; If F is - then read names from standard input


-h, --human-readable print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)


-k like --block-size=1K

-l, --count-links count sizes many times if hard linked

-m like --block-size=1M

-L, --dereference dereference all symbolic links

-P, --no-dereference don t follow any symbolic links (this is the default)

-0, --null end each output line with 0 byte rather than newline

-S, --separate-dirs do not include size of subdirectories

-s, --summarize display only a total for each argument

-x, --one-file-system skip directories on different file systems

-X, --exclude-from=FILE exclude files that match any pattern in FILE

--exclude=PATTERN exclude files that match PATTERN

--max-depth=N print the total for a directory (or file, with --all) only if it is N or fewer levels below the command line argument; --max-depth=0 is the same as --summarize

--time show time of the last modification of any file in the directory, or any of its subdirectories

--time=WORD show time as WORD instead of modification time: atime, access, use, ctime or status

--time-style=STYLE show times using style STYLE: full-iso, long-iso, iso, +FORMAT FORMAT is interpreted like date

--help display this help and exit

--version output version information and exit

Display values are in units of the first available SIZE from --block-size, and the DU_BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE and BLOCKSIZE environ- ment variables. Otherwise, units default to 1024 bytes (or 512 if POSIXLY_CORRECT is set).

SIZE may be (or may be an integer optionally followed by) one of fol- lowing: KB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024, and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y.

PATTERNS PATTERN is a shell pattern (not a regular expression). The pattern ? matches any one character, whereas * matches any string (composed of zero, one or multiple characters). For example, *.o will match any files whose names end in .o. Therefore, the command

du --exclude=’*.o’

will skip all files and subdirectories ending in .o (including the file .o itself).

AUTHOR Written by Torbjorn Granlund, David MacKenzie, Paul Eggert, and Jim Meyering.

REPORTING BUGS Report du bugs to bug-coreutils@gnu.org GNU coreutils home page: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/> General help using GNU software: <http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/> Report du translation bugs to <http://translationproject.org/team/>

COPYRIGHT Copyright © 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>. This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

SEE ALSO The full documentation for du is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the info and du programs are properly installed at your site, the com- mand

info coreutils ’du invocation’

should give you access to the complete manual.

GNU coreutils 8.4 June 2010 DU(1)