Great wall of Gorgan (Eskandari Dam, Red Snake)

مهر 01, 1396
The ancient Gorgan ancient wall, located in Golestan province, is considered to be the longest ancient architecture of ancient Iran and the second longest historical wall on the Asian continent after the Chinese wall (6,000 km long), 200 km long from the Caspian Sea (Mazandaran) The north begins to disappear and after passing along the Gorgan River, it runs along the Golestan National Park in the town of Kalaleh and was built during the Sassanid era.

The walls of Gorgan were written in historical sources and travel letters called Red Snake, Red Woods, Alexander Dam, Anooshirovan Dam, Firouz Dam, Defensive Wall, Ghezel Zahaq, Ghezel Alang and Allan (Turkmen).

The wall is about 200 km long and a width of 2 to 10 meters and a possible height of 6 to 8 meters. It is made with red brick materials of 40x40x10 cm in size, with lime mortar and in some parts of the sandwich, and in some places with decorations With mortar plaster. This work along its route has associated facilities such as ditch, castles attached to the wall, brick furnace, earth dam, water channel and castle city adjacent walls on the north and south side of the wall of Gorgan, in terms of fortifications and defensive structure of the wall China is more advanced.

In terms of climatic conditions, this wall is located in the two mountainous areas and the vast plain of Gorgan in the current Turkmen Desert. Gorganroud is the longest river in the Golestan province with the east-west direction along the southern side of the Gorgan wall which played an important role in the construction of the Gorgan wall.

Today, the remains of the Gorgan wall are visible from the eastern shores of the Caspian Sea (Mazandaran) to the highlands and eastern Alborz valleys on the slopes of Billy Mountain (Golestan National Park near the village of Zaw Small, northeastern Kalaleh). From the perspective of political geography, this work is located in the city of Kaleh, Gonbad Kavoos, Aq Qala and Gomishan.

In Shahnameh, Hakim Abolqasem Ferdowsi has been referred to the interpretation of this wall, and some historical geographic resources have also been addressed to this wall, some historians have spoken about in the east to Marv. According to some archaeologists, the probability of stretching the Gorgan wall in the eastern part of Iran (the Sarakhs area) is unexpected and requires further archaeological investigations.

The Cultural Heritage Site of the Great Wall of Gorgan, with the preparation of (comprehensive planning and vision of the territory of the Great Wall of Gorgan), is attempting to simultaneously carry out extensive studies of archeology, conservation, control and management of nationally-localized development projects in terms of capacity The world of this work, in addition to providing its global registration file, brought an honor and honor to the international community from the vast country of Iran. At present, with the cooperation of the internationally-conducted field studies, laboratory, interdisciplinary and ... Gorgan Boundary Base, in cooperation with the Directorate General of Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism of Golestan Province, Cultural Heritage and Tourism Research Institute, Archaeological Research Center and Scientific Centers In and out of the country, it is hoped that in the near future an effective step would be taken to unravel the hidden secrets of this magnificent Sassanid empire.

Due to the destruction and burial of the wall of Gorgan under the soil and sediments over time, it is difficult to reach tourists along the wall. But three points (excavation works) along the Gorgan road that are excavated by archaeologists and can be visited, all located in the city of Kalaleh and from the village of Gukje, located 16 kilometers north of Kalaleh, are:

1- Quraine excavation workshop located about 9 km east of the village of Gukjeh after the city of Frezabi and the village of Kasro, south of the asphalt road, with coordinates E55, 38.947 and N37,31.794 and elevation 250 m above sea level.

2. The excavation workshop of castle number 2 located about 2.5 km west of the village of Gukjeh road road to the coordinates E55, 31.292 and N37, 30.057 and 220 meters above sea level

3. Sari Sou Exploration Workshop The intersection of the Gorgan and Sari Souz rivers (one of the Gorgan Rood branches) about 1 km west of Qaleh 2 workshop with the coordinates E55, 30.834 and N37, 30.091 and 140 meters above sea level

It is recommended to visit this amazing attraction of ancient Iran during a trip to Golestan province.
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