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Debt or DJIA: Who Gets to 20* First?

Chart In Focus
January 06, 2017

I got to wondering about all of the NYSE traders on CNBC sporting their “Dow 20,000” hats.  Hitting that level seems elusive, but they keep them at the ready.

Interestingly, if they would do just a tiny bit of embroidery modification, they could be assured of making those hats useful.  Instead of “Dow 20K”, how about “Debt 20T”?  It may be just a fun numerical coincidence that the DJIA is approaching 20,000 while the total federal debt is approaching $20 trillion, but there it is anyway. 

According to the Treasury Department, the total federal debt as of Jan. 4, 2017 is 19,952,414,234,340.71.  If you got lost in all of the commas, that’s $19.952 trillion.  And in case you struggle as I do at reducing fractional trillions down to more digestible numbers, it is $47.8 billion away from hitting $20 trillion.  Heck, we could even see it get there by Inauguration day, which is only 14 days away.  The web site www.usdebtclock.org has the debt just a hair higher (i.e. $100 million or so, that’s a hair at these levels):

US debt clock

Meanwhile, as of the Jan. 5 close, the DJIA was 101 points away from hitting 20,000.  Which one do you think is going to hit the big fat round number first?

The chart above shows each plot on a logarithmic scaling, and it reveals that the two have been dancing together more than apart.  Debt saw a couple of big historical jumps, one for World War One, and another for World War Two.  Otherwise it has been a generally smooth uptrend, roughly in keeping with that of the DJIA.  Sometimes the debt is ahead, sometimes the DJIA is. 

So what?  Well, I’ll tell you so what.  I don’t have any grandchildren yet but hope to someday, and I already feel bad for borrowing from them to finance our national debt.  But what if we did try to reduce the total debt?

This next chart is one I have shown before, and it reveals that past attempts to pay off the debt, or to even get close to doing so, have been horrible times for the stock market.

Federal deficit versus SP500

When the debt is growing at a rapid rate, that is hugely bullish for the stock market.  There is more free money to help elevate stock prices.  When the federal government tries to balance the budget, it is problematic for stock prices.

This chart looks back to 1928.  We could look back further, but GDP had not been invented before then, and so the GDP data are just not available. 

Running a budget surplus in 1928 and 1929 helped lead to the Great Depression (1).  Attempting to pay off “war bonds” after WWII led to a similar albeit smaller slowdown (2).  During Eisenhower’s second term (3), Congress tried to pay for the big Interstate Highway System bill with appropriate taxation, and a big recession ensued in 1957. 

In 2000 (4), the Clinton Administration supposedly ran a budget surplus, although this was fictional since the total federal debt kept increasing every year.  Still, the effect of even getting close to a real balanced budget was enough to kill the Internet Boom, and push the U.S. economy into recession. 

In the 1920s the debt was reduced every year for a decade and the stock market loved it, until 1929 came along.  So, it is only a modern inconvenient truth that debt reduction is bearish for the stock market.

This highlights a perplexing problem.  If anyone thinks that the U.S. ought to pay down its total federal debt, a cause which I incidentally support for the sake of my unborn grandchildren, then he had better be ready to accept that this effort will mean a rough time for the stock market, for the wealth effect, the trickle-down wealth effect, and several other economic data series.  Paying off debt is unpleasant (duh!!).  Indeed, it may be too unpleasant for our political leaders to stomach. 

So if that’s the case, how do we ever pay down the debt, and save our grandchildren from suffering due to our profligacy?  That’s the big question.  Maybe if we can sell enough Dow 20K hats, or Debt 20T hats, we can profit enough off of those sales to put a dent in it.

Tom McClellan
Editor, The McClellan Market Report

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