SECTION I-1: Decimal and Binary Number System

Human begins use bae 10 (decimal) arithmetic. Computers use base 2 (binary) system. Although there has been speculation that the origin of the base 10 system is the fact that human beings have 10 fingers, there is no speculation about the reason behind the use of the binary system in computers. The binary system is used in computers because  1 and 0 represent the two voltage levels of ON and OFF. In base 10 there are 10 different distinct symbols 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 and in base 2 there are only two 0, and 1, with which to generate numbers. Base 10 contains digits 0 through 9; binary contains digits 0 and 1 only. There two binary digits, 0 and 1, are commonly referred to as bits.

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