Revolution in Russia

A new government takes over in Russia after a revolution.

Russia had two revolutions in 1917. In early 1917 there were strikes and demonstrations because of food shortages. People were unhappy with the government and wanted political changes. Tsar Nicholas was forced to abdicate (step-down) and a Provisional Government was set up to rule the country, which was in chaos. This is known as the February Revolution.

In November another revolution took place. This one was led by Vladimir Lenin and Leon Trotsky who were Bolshevik (Communist) Revolutionaries. They planned a successful uprising which overthrew the Provisional Government. In its place they set up the Congress of Soviets to run the country.

The new government takes Russia out of the war.

One of the first things the new leadership did was start peace negotiations with Germany. In March 1918 Russia signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany. The Germans made Russia agree to extremely harsh terms that included giving up a large amount of land to Germany and paying war reparations (compensation).

Two Bolshevik soldiers photographed after the October Revolution.