Sunday, April 12, 2020

Learner characteristics in Teaching Aptitude UGC NET Notes Paper 1

Learner characteristics

The concept of learner characteristics is employed within the sciences of learning and cognition to designate a target group of learners and define those aspects of their personal, academic, social, or cognitive self which will influence how and what they learn. Learner characteristics are important for instructional designers as they permit them to style and make tailored instructions for a target group. it's expected that by taking account of the characteristics of learners, more efficient, effective, and/or motivating instructional materials are often designed and developed.

Learner characteristics are often personal, academic, social/emotional, and/or cognitive in nature. Personal characteristics often relate to demographic information like age, gender, maturation, language, social economic status, cultural background, and specific needs of a learner group like particular skills and disabilities for and/or impairments to learning.

Learner characteristics are often defined as various measures of leaners’ psychological, behavioral nature, and attitudes toward everything associated with learning. due to the broad range of learner characteristics, its specific components are operationally defined in e-learning research and measured in various ways. especially , aptitude of learners is usually discussed as a construct of learner characteristics, where aptitude is defined as “any characteristic of an individual that forecasts his probability of success under a given treatment” or “whatever makes an individual able to learn rapidly during a particular situation (or, more generally, to form effective use of a specific environment)” (Cronbach and Snow 1977). Swan (2004) reported that various constructs of learner characteristics like motivation, attitude, learning styles, gender, and culture affect online learning performance.

1. The concept of Teaching: Teaching involves the purposeful direction and management of the training process. it's a planned activity or a process during which the learner, teacher, and other variable are planned during a particular order to achieve some predetermined goals. 

  • Teaching are often both formal and informal.
  • Informal teaching is administered within a family or during a community, during initial years of life, for instance , homeschooling. Formal teaching is administered by paid professions called teachers or faculty.
teaching aptitude learner characters, ugc net paper 1

2. Basic Teaching Models: Generally, there are two models of teaching. These are:
  • When a teacher or a facilitator is during a ctively involved in teaching while the learners are in a passive, receptive mode listening because the instructor or a facilitator teaches is understood as instructor-centered Teaching.
  • In this teaching, a teacher is fully liable for what's taught and the way it's learned.
  • The learner is fully dependent upon the trainer for all learning. Here the trainer is liable for the method of evaluation.
  • When a student or a learner is more emphasized during a classroom than others is understood as learner-centered teaching.
  • It also involves each student's interests, abilities, and learning styles, placing the training instructors for people instead of for the category .
  • It includes self-evaluation.

3. Nature or Characteristic Features of Teaching: the most characteristic features of teaching are given below:
1. It tends towards the self-organization.
2. It involves different levels of teaching.
3. it's endless process.
4. it's associated with education, learning, instruction, and training.

5. It generally takes place during a dynamic environment.

4. Different Levels of Teaching
Teaching takes place at three levels progressively- memory level of teaching, understanding level of teaching, and reective level of teaching
(a). Memory Level of Teaching (MLT): The 1st level of teaching may be a Memory Level of Teaching. This level cares with memory or the capacity that exists altogether living beings and is taken into account because the lowest level of teaching. Here the teaching-learning process is essentially 'Stimulus-Response'(S-R) here.
Here the evaluation system mainly includes oral, written and essay-type examination.

(b). Understanding Level of Teaching (ULT): The second and thoughtful level of teaching is an understanding level of teaching.
This level cares with understanding something i.e., to perceive the meaning, grasp the thought and comprehend the meaning.

Morrison is that the main proponent of this level.
It goes beyond just memorizing of facts because it is memory plus insight.
Here, the trainer and therefore the learner both play a lively role.
Here the evaluation system includes both objective and essay-type examination.

(c). Reective Level of Teaching (RLT): The third and highest level of teaching may be a memory level of teaching. This level cares with both MLT and ULT. Here the teacher thinks over their teaching practices, analyzing the way to teach and the way the training process are often changed or improved for better learning outcomes.
Hunt is that the main proponent of this level.
In this approach, the learners are motivated and are active.
Here the scholars occupy the first place and teacher assumes the secondary place.
Here the evaluation system includes an essay-type examination.

5. Important Concepts associated with Teaching

(a). Education: the method through which a learner has facilitated learning and purchased knowledge, beliefs, habits, values, and skills is claimed to be Education. It includes teaching, training, discussion, storytelling etc.

(b). Instruction: it's a main a part of teaching. It includes the delivery of contents by the trainer . It doesn't play any role within the interaction between the teacher and therefore the learner but it facilitates achievement of teaching.

(d). Training: the method of developing in oneself's any skills and knowledge that relate to specic useful competencies is known as training. the most purpose of imparting training is to equip oneself's with specic skills.

(e). Syllabus: a tutorial document that wont to communicates course information and denes responsibilities and expectation is claimed to the syllabus. It helps to supervise or controls the course quality. it's going to be descriptive.

(f). Curriculum: it's dened as a course of study developed by school authorities.

(g). Indoctrination: it's the method of teaching an individual or group to simply accept a group of beliefs uncritically.

Factors Affecting Teaching