Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) is a procedure that investigates the lumps and masses to know type of cells.

The Method

Before the procedure, which lasts less than ten minutes, the skin is cleaned with an antiseptic and protected with sanitized towels. You may also be given local anaesthesia, if the area is very sensitive. At times, an ultrasound may be required to pinpoint the exact location of the tumour.

The procedure is similar to a blood test, though not as simple. A thin, hollow needle is penetrated into the lump and a sample of the tissue or fluid is extracted and sent to a laboratory for evaluation. There may be some soreness or swelling after the procedure.


Your doctor will most likely ask you to stop taking certain medications, like aspirin and blood-thinners several days prior to the cytology. The doctor may recommend coming for the procedure on an empty stomach. This is a good time to inform the medical expert if you are suffering from a bleeding disorder.

If you are given sedatives, you will be made to stay till  the effect wear away.