what are the delay lines ?

Delay lines are devices used to slow down a signal by a time interval in an electrical network. There are two basic delay line technologies: passive and active. Passive delay lines or analog delay lines (ADL) are built with analog components and can delay both analog and digital signals. They attenuate the signal from input to output and use components such as capacitors and inductors. Active delay lines or digital delay lines (DDL) are built with digital components and are used to delay only digital signals. Active delay lines do not attenuate the signal from input to output, and are characterized by a specific logic family. Common logic families include transistor-transistor logic (TTL), complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS), and emitter-coupled logic (ECL).

Specifications for delay lines include delay line type, time delay, and rise time. There are two basic delay line types: fixed and variable. Fixed delay lines can delay signals by a time interval set by the manufacturer. Variable delay lines can delay signals between two values in a specified range. Generally, the low end of the range is zero. Time delay is the maximum delay in units of time that a delay line can provide. For fixed delay lines, the delay time is the only delay time that can be set. For variable delay lines, the delay time is the upper value of a tapped or programmable delay range. Rise time, another important specification to consider, is the time required for the pulse amplitude from one specified level to another.




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