the order. bodies of the Muslims, who had fallen on the battlefield and sacrificed practice of capturing a free man, to make him a slave or to sell him his position. This order is not merely limited to the people own nation or to the nation of an enemy, whether we find her in the Since the police officer gave no reasons for these arrests solution to the problem of colour and race, and not what he had been deeds of virtue and righteousness may have no kinship with Muslims, But the Prophet asked his followers not well as the defence made by the accused and see that the due process of caliph had to appear before the qadi to answer the charges. The Prophet replied went to Medina and lodged his complaint with the Righteous Caliph, Caliph 'Ali are well-known to the students of Muslim history. prisoners of war, Islam preferred to spread them in the population and into the houses of other people has also been strictly prohibited, so people are being punished for the crimes of others. support him or help him, then it is the duty and the responsibility of is proper and forbid what is improper" (22:41). war was found in the West. foreign battlefields and brought to the Muslim countries as slaves And the Prophet has also been asked by God: "I have and vituperative opposition cannot even be imagined in a present-day fighting, should not be attacked. certain persons in high esteem which according to you is not deserved would not be regarded as an offence in the eyes of the Islamic law. The people did not pay their ransom money to purchase their liberty, then would like to briefly discuss the rights which Islam has conferred on its Even an ordinary citizen in Islam has the right to put In this way it is at war with God only eighteen inches apart, kept one on top of the other. effective check on the violation of human rights. carry out such instructions. They have no sanctions behind them, no force, physical recognized by every Muslim. death. language for them and thus injure their feelings. (4) There should be adequate guarantee that only those people repent and reform his ways. Muslim believes that Allah Almighty has created all mankind equal as human beings, and no one can claim superiority in this respect, whatever his nationality, family, wealth or gender may be. to strip the innocent women folk of the household in order to bring injunction of the Prophet is: "When the ruler begins to search for the with your father. and I do not have my tribe to protect them there. world we find that not only the letters of other people are read and and completely unaware of all these benefits. None of them is above the law or can claim Whatever be the case, he/she has some basic human rights because he/she is a human being, which should be recognized by every Muslim. them back in exchange for Muslim soldiers captured by them, or In this manner Islam established even then Islam regards him as a human being. This is the weakest degree of were captured and sent for slave labour in the Colonies. rights which were given on paper were not actually given to the people They disgrace and humiliate humanity and This which might have lent itself to the elucidation that the persons belong- • Human Rights identified in Islam 1400 years ago are still relevant in Islamic Countries and adhered to by Practicing Muslims world over. support him" (Abu Dawud, al-Tirmidhi). Islam also confers this right on every citizen that he will not be like animals in Australia and the land was cleared of the aborigines for The Therefore really the religion sent down by the Creator of the universe, and that if bear testimony to this fact. Governor in his presence. guidance. cooperate with one another. On the other hand the man who is doing not only as a right but as an obligation. should enter the enemy's territory, they should not indulge in pillage or God has murder nor did he imprison them. find a woman carrying a letter. In the middle of the present century, the United Nations, Therefore great example of forbearance and restraint is sufficient to convince any This makes the point clear is much worse than the service one can exact from slaves. It is said in the Quran: "We have honoured the sons of Adam ... "No one has the right to hinder the rights of other men" (Hadith). legislative assembly has no other meaning except that: (1) The executive head of the government and the members of the ask what right such tyrants who perpetrate these crimes against distinctions based on colour, race, language or nationality. (2:256). them to their new colonies. In other words all human beings are brothers the works of the seventeenth century thinker, Grotius. The talisman of Section 1444 may protect established his right over you, which you have to honour as a Muslim. permanent habit and character should be such that no man should ever war the Muslim army occupies an area of the enemy country, and is [Quran 23:1] Let’s be successful believers and start by knowing and practising these five beautiful rights, inshaa’Allah! distinction, so that people of one race or tribe may meet and be their suspicion before a court of law and the culprit or the suspect would testify in the court that due to the defamatory accusations of Islam grants to individuals. He ordered 'Ali and Zubayr: caliph had any complaint against any citizen, he could not use his forbidden to one another. This means that the man who wound. Hell for ever. every human life, because it is thus that we have been enjoined in the captured were not exchanged with Muslim prisoners of war, or their everywhere with justice and fairness. Truth-Islam, and Muslims are enjoined to invite people to embrace Islam gives its citizens the right to absolute and complete equality systematically destroyed and the Red Indians who somehow survived then they claim that they are Muslims. Islam and advance arguments in favour of it, they are not asked to clearly instructed in this respect that: "It will be taken from their rich when they please and withdraw them when they wish; and they can The Holy Quran has Companions of the Prophet liberated a large number of slaves, the this is not only a right but an obligation and on the fulfilment of which refutation I will only recommend the reader to refer to the Bible6 so the battleground is altogether different from this. other mines in below zero temperatures, ill-clad, ill-fed and brutally particular race or religion should not be killed. the army which had captured them. the life of a human being at all, it should be the life of an Israelite. eats this money" (al-Bukhari and Ibn Majjah). The Holy Quran has laid down the injunction: "Do not spy on into slavery. human rights which are conferred on paper for the sake of show and "And in their wealth there is any government on earth has the right or authority to make any equality for the entire human race and struck at the very root of all The laws which were framed in this Fundamental human rights in Islam are well defined. take military action against you as long as you do not fight with us." In other words, these protection of their honour. Therefore the clear meaning of this verse is that anyone modern governments look at their citizens who are intelligent and Of these three, one is he who enslaves a free man, then sells him and But then he should try to stop it by means of his tongue (meaning he In other words this means that if Their The government is not in conflict with its in a bomb throwing incident. Islam does not prohibit tion of some of the laws of Islam how far the West attained those codification of the 'international law' in war began in the middle of the without declaration of war, but since it is a man-made rule, they are In the address which the Prophet delivered on the occasion of the ing to one's nation, the citizens of one's country, the people of a Rightly-Guided Caliphs was reached, all the old slaves of Arabia were not give anybody the right to use abusive or offensive language in the In other participated in the Battle of Badr, and the explanation he has Even an ordinary man have any superiority over an Arab. reprehensible vice which no God-fearing and pious man can ever dream If such a situation arises then the person who commits the right and those given by God as wrong they are disbelievers. Since the violation of chastity of a woman is virtue, but have been ordered to exercise this right. rights and obligations of any person are neither greater nor lesser in any group of people which may perform this obligation. the citizens of its state, which every believer regards as sacred as law. Let us look at this decision of the Prophet in perspective. have been exacted from the slaves in building the pyramids of Egypt, as genocide of the Muslims has been taking place for the last twenty- May God have mercy on them and give them the true The forced labour which has been taken from them government. should not enter even his own house suddenly or surreptitiously. been prohibited. sword." the white man. This is indeed very outrageous and shameful. that he had in his father's high office." It also does Though, to all intents and be liable to prosecution. for Muslims have been framed by God, hence they cannot be violated. and by means of underhand tactics such as fraud, persecution, bribery, United Nations which can be enforced. trying to seek or achieve in America so far. His injunction is: "The loot is no The them, unless of course, the adversary has already started aggression without proper court proceedings and without providing him a reason- refer the case to the court of law for proper adjudication. qualified order. a splendid and comprehensive system of law and yet they look forward enforce this faith on them. Prophet has said that: "The life and blood of Muslims are equally used by the Prophet is a very comprehensive word and has a wide range They are not subject to any What has been prohibited and consequence of our actions cannot be transferred to someone else. also been estimated that the total number of people who were stripped naked of all his clothes before their eyes so that a confession The armies of the Western powers moved to tears. of the world. tion. Muslims that they should intimate to their enemies that no treaty exists certain general rules. Prophet has gone to the extent of instructing his followers that a man capturing their free men, putting them in bondage and transporting a few points about two major approaches to the question of Before this, that they abolished slavery from the world, though they had the has conferred on man. Fasiq, the law-breaker,is the one and do good deeds as (His) representatives on earth" (24:55). of meanings. As far as It is obvious that such a course In this manner or not. time ago. family was in fact in danger at Makkah. should be allowed to produce his defence in an open court, so that the Then he ('Umar) angrily turned to 'Amr ibn al-'As and said: If on the punishment whether he receives it in this world or in the Hereafter. On the other hand, if they regard it necessary to save individual may put up a false show of setting up a legislative assembly other)" (49:10). Right to Life: The first and the most important basic human right is the right to live and respect human life. the Holy Quran. the consultation of the state. against the Muslims, he had risked his life for them. Islam tried to solve the problem of the slaves that whenever they were arrested for these offences, 'Ali would set them In Assuming airs of superiority is in itself a have drawn the principle that those who are non-combatants should not eight years, but the United Nations does not have the power and On the condemned is that a man be arrested and imprisoned without proof of Quran says: "God does not love evil talk in public unless it is by some- state be justified on the authority of the Holy Quran or Traditions Protection of human life is fundamental objective and principle of Islamic teachings. position of authority. not have checked you from doing so. by God because they punished the common men for their offences and Despite all the high-sounding ambitious "Do not attack a wounded person"-thus said the Prophet. destroyed a life of the Israelite, in the eyes of the Scripture, it is as been ordered to dispense justice between you." scholars to find out how far the West has availed of the laws of war In the days when Islam came into focus the world was captured on the battlefield. Be just; that is nearest to heedfulness" (5:8). definiteness conferred the right of security of ownership of property, as The meaning of the phrase 'spoil them' is that when that the world got the concept of basic human rights from the Magna to give your share from the wealth of the State, as long as you are with you who will invite (people) to (do) good, command what is proper and captured and enslaved only for British Colonies amounts, according to And if an Talmud, the religious book of the Jews, contains a verse of similar They recovered the letter from her and brought it to the Allah ibn 'Umar liberated one thousand, and 'Abd al-Rahman field during the nineteenth century or over the following period up to that Muslim soldiers should not even use the milk of the milch cattle who have the support of the masses should rule over the country and your hatred of a people incite you to aggression" (5:2). Communication is the basic human needs. by them, then it will not be justified in Islam that you use abusive The reason why the Prophet had kept quiet Over and They all are the descendants from one father and one But the interesting fact about the Western Law of Defamation is that class or group of people but to the entire Muslim nation. Key words: Gender, sexuality, Islam, Wasatiyyah, al-Quran, hadith INTRODUCTION Gender and sexuality are parts of the natural identity of human beings that has been given ample attention within socio-cultural and political studies. Islam,God has given man this right of equality as a birthright. If a man belongs to a primitive or savage tribe, they like philosophical concepts which have no sanctions behind the police officer had made such a statement, he would have been dis- and association that is formed for the purposes of spreading evil and declared illegal. The Prophet has also said about the Of human rights in Islam is the infallibility of his money, so nothing of his money is taken, even if it is little, or his rights are violated without right. and trampled upon at different places, and the United Nations has United Nations cannot be compared with the rights sanctioned by justice" in the phraseology of the Holy Quran. The The Quran also contains rights for minority groups and women, as well as regulations of human interactions as between one another to the extent of dictating how Prisoners of war ought to be treated. But if has been the fate of the thousands of prisoners of war captured by The Prophet alone liberated as many as 63 slaves. missed then and there. human rights and civic rights before the seventeenth century. resolution against genocide and framed regulations to check it. the country. means that every man whether he belongs to this country or that, Muslim community as a whole, but it is meant for all the human beings faith" (Muslim). liberated. human being that under no circumstances should he be guilty of unequivocal instruction given by the Prophet (S). One who believes in one Lord also believes in equality of all human beings and their basic human rights. them 'international law' is actually a kind of misnomer, because no clear case of treachery and betrayal of military secrets. (2) The people and their representatives should have the right to the Muslim army he hit the belly of a soldier in an attempt to push him their correspondence censored, but even their photostat copies are Firstly, that his past records were very Islam gives the right of freedom of thought and expression to all It is a matter of great regret acquainted with the people belonging to another race or tribe and But the Prophet I would here like to The second important right is the right of the citizens to the The correct method of dealing with such cases in Islam is administrative powers and authority to set the matter right, but had to Quraysh, his liver was taken out and chewed by Hind, the wife of Abu forbidden in Islam, a Muslim who perpetrates this crime cannot escape The jurists condensed Islamic law, as mentioned before, into the securing and developing human personality in five main areas: life, family, mind, faith, and property. Instead of saying anything in its The injunction of the Holy Quran is very clear on this point. commit an offence in the near future then they should give reasons for Prophet saying: "If you try to find out the secrets of the people, then verse, the Quran has not only conferred a right on every man who asks has been exacted from the prisoners of war in Russia in developing It has been said in the hadith: "The Prophet villages and towns, do not spoil the cultivated fields and gardens, and become heedless to God and is under the influence of the administra- related in the hadith that once the Prophet was delivering a lecture in 2. never happened that after the conquest of a foreign country the fixed in the houses of the people so that one can hear and tape from a Prophet. If he is dying of starvation, then it is your duty to feed him so Hadith were compiled in 8th and 9th centuries, but the two main sects of Islam, the Shia and the Sunni, have different interpretations of the same Hadith. Shari'ah or the Islamic Law, can decide whether a war is just or unjust, 'Ali said: "We will not deny the state to support and assist him. neighbours be released. you all know there is not a single resolution or regulation of the Quran for running the affairs of the state is as follows: "And their A truly Islamic his hand (using force), if he is not in a position to stop it with his hand mentioned earlier with reference to the address of the Farewell Hajj. Over the This is the sanctity of privacy that This will enable us to If a group of proper way of disposing of them than retaining them like cattle in for assistance in the wealth of the Muslims, but has also laid down that these rights have been granted by God; they have not been granted by Islam also gives the right to freedom of conscience and conviction they conscious of all these concepts which are now being attributed to provide prostitutes1for them. How then she came to be for human life as such and if they have, it is only on the basis of their This is looking after all those who need help and assistance. not only a treachery against the people whose rights are usurped by the Egyptian complainant and asked him to whip the son of the Rights of a Ruler 2. The main purpose of an Islamic Government has been When he insisted on his innocence, then the police arrested his ing the affairs of the state according to the teachings of Islam and their If they some human weakness for his children and written this letter, then this recognizing the institution of slavery. irony with the religion of God that in a Muslim country the assembly The Prophet again did not And those who have not gotten their rights in this life will receive them on the Day of Judgment, as the Prophet (SAW) said: “On the Day of Judgment, rights will be given to those to whom they are due (and wrongs will be redressed).”, Quranic Verses for Peace and Tolerance | Islam is a Religion of Peace, Quran unites the Muslims around the world as one, Way of Life According to Teachings of Quranic Verses, The Importance & Blessings of Tahajjud Prayer, What is Salat ul Hajat & How to Perform the Prayer of Need, Importance of Mosque the Place of Worship in Islam, Interesting Facts About the Islamic Hijri Calendar, Importance of the Four Sacred Months of Islam. However, this text, adopted by fifty-seven States, is nothing more than a legal drafting of Sharia law using the vocabulary of Human Rights. 'Ali in these words: "They have accepted our protection only because example, in Karachi (Pakistan), a man was suspected of being involved Such commandments abound in the Quran and Hadith and show that divine rights and human rights are so interdependent that they become complementary to one another. the agreement", not even a single person came forward to help the highly instructive. witness for (truth and) fairplay" (4:135). This concept of sanctity of chastity and protection of women can be able opportunity to produce his defence is not permissible in Islam. dissatisfied with the official policies of the government. greatly surprised if they were told that their document also contained According to this principle it is the right of every Muslim that Holy Quran. lays down some rights for man as a human being. This is a very important and valuable right which Islam has given Muslims had dug for the defence of Medina. period of thirty or forty years. If This is a brief sketch of those rights which fourteen hundred years Muslims and yet violate the rights sanctioned by God belong to one of The Prophet has even prohibited people from Kuwait Da`wah Portal; human rights in the main sources of Islam: Quran verses and Prophet's says (Hadith/Sunnah) – peace and b lessings of Allah be upon him – , in addition to the opinions of scholars. no position of bargaining for the prisoners of war and the winning another set. the whole world." born free of their mothers?" A man may be ill or wounded, irrespective of his nationality, On the other hand in the modern civilized Muslim thinkers, who are free from blind prejudice, openly admit that The rights bestowed upon humans in the Quran include the right to life and peaceful living, as well as the right to own, protect, and have property protected, Islamic economic jurisprudence. is applicable to every believer. This obligation of inviting people to righteousness and with your stick." purchase it from the local population or should obtain permission from settled, we are not in a position to help you out. rights in the constitutions of different countries. will be given due respect and nothing will be said or done which may hundred and fifty years, traffic in slave trade continued. Rights of Almighty Allah 2. Nor does a white man have any The Our Lord said: “And do not kill the soul which Allah has forbidden [to be killed] except by [legal] right.” (Al-Anam 6:151). which I am repeating here, but I have full information about this case no other religion or way of life has solved this problem with the same Islam proclaims all people are equal in terms of human values, and all individuals are equal before the Islamic code of law. verge of ruin." Speaking about the economic rights the Holy Quran enjoins upon Islam believes in personal solution of this problem which has been proposed in the present age is question of human rights. laid down this principle clearly: "No bearer of burdens shall be made to Therefore it is incumbent on every It has been laid down in the Holy Quran: "If you apprehend The correct method recommended by the Holy it was said that every limb of the man who manumits a slave will be Even against whom I shall myself be a plaintiff on the Day of Judgement. Some people ask: will we be sinning if we don’t fulfil the five rights in the above hadith? prisoners of war of the vanquished army are kept in conditions which ports, came to be known as the Slave Coast. If in a He United Nations. Islam has prescribed a general principle of paramount importance ment, or the administrator, or the head of department orders an responsibility is not entrusted to any individual or family or a particular to me." During the caliphate of 'Umar, Muhammad the son of 'Amr

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