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2hop__5371_5418 | Who is the mayor of Oklahoma's largest urbanized area? | Mick Cornett | [
"Mick Cornett"
] | {
"answer": "Mick Cornett",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__5371_5418",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Home to approximately 7.68 million people, Northern California's nine - county Bay Area contains many cities, towns, airports, and associated regional, state, and national parks, connected by a complex multimodal transportation network. The larger combined statistical area of the region, which includes twelve counties, is the second - largest in California (after the Greater Los Angeles area), the fifth - largest in the United States, and the 41st - largest urban area in the world with 8.75 million people. The Bay Area's population is ethnically diverse: for example, roughly half of the region's residents are Hispanic, Asian, African American, or Pacific Islander, all of whom have a significant presence throughout the region.",
"title": "San Francisco Bay Area"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Oklahoma City is the capital and largest city of the state of Oklahoma. The county seat of Oklahoma County, the city ranks 27th among United States cities in population. The population grew following the 2010 Census, with the population estimated to have increased to 620,602 as of July 2014. As of 2014, the Oklahoma City metropolitan area had a population of 1,322,429, and the Oklahoma City-Shawnee Combined Statistical Area had a population of 1,459,758 (Chamber of Commerce) residents, making it Oklahoma's largest metropolitan area. Oklahoma City's city limits extend into Canadian, Cleveland, and Pottawatomie counties, though much of those areas outside of the core Oklahoma County area are suburban or rural (watershed). The city ranks as the eighth-largest city in the United States by land area (including consolidated city-counties; it is the largest city in the United States by land area whose government is not consolidated with that of a county or borough).",
"title": "Oklahoma City"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "With 39,000 acres (158 km2), the Tallgrass Prairie Preserve in north-central Oklahoma is the largest protected area of tallgrass prairie in the world and is part of an ecosystem that encompasses only 10 percent of its former land area, once covering 14 states. In addition, the Black Kettle National Grassland covers 31,300 acres (127 km2) of prairie in southwestern Oklahoma. The Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge is the oldest and largest of nine national wildlife refuges in the state and was founded in 1901, encompassing 59,020 acres (238.8 km2).",
"title": "Oklahoma"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Bethany is a city in Oklahoma County, Oklahoma, United States, and a part of the Oklahoma City metropolitan area. The community was founded in 1909 by followers of the Church of the Nazarene from Oklahoma City.",
"title": "Bethany, Oklahoma"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The City of Oklahoma City has operated under a council-manager form of city government since 1927. Mick Cornett serves as Mayor, having first been elected in 2004, and re-elected in 2006, 2010, and 2014. Eight councilpersons represent each of the eight wards of Oklahoma City. City Manager Jim Couch was appointed in late 2000. Couch previously served as assistant city manager, Metropolitan Area Projects Plan (MAPS) director and utilities director prior to his service as city manager.",
"title": "Oklahoma City"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "KRMP (1140 AM) is an urban adult contemporary radio station in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. The station is owned by The Perry Broadcasting Company. The station's studios are located at Perry Plaza II in the Eastside district of Northeast Oklahoma City, and the transmitter site is in the Southeast side of the city.",
"title": "KRMP"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The city proper is home to less than one-thirteenth of the population of South Florida. Miami is the 42nd-most populous city in the United States. The Miami metropolitan area, which includes Miami-Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties, had a combined population of more than 5.5 million people, ranked seventh largest in the United States, and is the largest metropolitan area in the Southeastern United States. As of 2008[update], the United Nations estimates that the Miami Urban Agglomeration is the 44th-largest in the world.",
"title": "Miami"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The demographics of the British Isles today are characterised by a generally high density of population in England, which accounts for almost 80% of the total population of the islands. In elsewhere on Great Britain and on Ireland, high density of population is limited to areas around, or close to, a few large cities. The largest urban area by far is the Greater London Urban Area with 9 million inhabitants. Other major populations centres include Greater Manchester Urban Area (2.4 million), West Midlands conurbation (2.4 million), West Yorkshire Urban Area (1.6 million) in England, Greater Glasgow (1.2 million) in Scotland and Greater Dublin Area (1.1 million) in Ireland.[citation needed]",
"title": "British Isles"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Dickson is a town in Carter County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 1,207 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Ardmore, Oklahoma Micropolitan Statistical Area.",
"title": "Dickson, Oklahoma"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The third-largest university in the state, the University of Central Oklahoma, is located just north of the city in the suburb of Edmond. Oklahoma Christian University, one of the state's private liberal arts institutions, is located just south of the Edmond border, inside the Oklahoma City limits.",
"title": "Oklahoma City"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Oklahoma City is the principal city of the eight-county Oklahoma City Metropolitan Statistical Area in Central Oklahoma and is the state's largest urbanized area. Based on population rank, the metropolitan area was the 42nd largest in the nation as of 2012.",
"title": "Oklahoma City"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "According to Forbes magazine, Oklahoma City-based Devon Energy Corporation, Chesapeake Energy Corporation, and SandRidge Energy Corporation are the largest private oil-related companies in the nation, and all of Oklahoma's Fortune 500 companies are energy-related. Tulsa's ONEOK and Williams Companies are the state's largest and second-largest companies respectively, also ranking as the nation's second and third-largest companies in the field of energy, according to Fortune magazine. The magazine also placed Devon Energy as the second-largest company in the mining and crude oil-producing industry in the nation, while Chesapeake Energy ranks seventh respectively in that sector and Oklahoma Gas & Electric ranks as the 25th-largest gas and electric utility company.",
"title": "Oklahoma"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In descending order of population, Oklahoma's largest cities in 2010 were: Oklahoma City (579,999, +14.6%), Tulsa (391,906, −0.3%), Norman (110,925, +15.9%), Broken Arrow (98,850, +32.0%), Lawton (96,867, +4.4%), Edmond (81,405, +19.2%), Moore (55,081, +33.9%), Midwest City (54,371, +0.5%), Enid (49,379, +5.0%), and Stillwater (45,688, +17.0%). Of the state's ten largest cities, three are outside the metropolitan areas of Oklahoma City and Tulsa, and only Lawton has a metropolitan statistical area of its own as designated by the United States Census Bureau, though the metropolitan statistical area of Fort Smith, Arkansas extends into the state.",
"title": "Oklahoma"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Andrew Montgomery \"Andy\" Coats (born January 19, 1935) is an American politician. A Democrat, he served as mayor of Oklahoma City, Oklahoma from 1983 to 1987. He attended the University of Oklahoma and is an attorney. From 1996 to 2010, he was the Dean of the University of Oklahoma College of Law. He is also a former president of the American College of Trial Lawyers. From 1976 to 1980, he was Oklahoma County District Attorney. In 1980, he unsuccessfully ran in the United States Senate election in Oklahoma, 1980 to replace Henry Bellmon. He was inducted into the Oklahoma Hall of Fame in 2005. His son, Sanford Coats has served as United States Attorney for the Western District of Oklahoma since 2009.",
"title": "Andy Coats"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "John Tyler Hammons (born September 4, 1988) is an American politician who served as the 47th Mayor of Muskogee, Oklahoma from 2008 to 2012. He gained national attention when he was elected on May 13, 2008, as a 19-year-old freshman at the University of Oklahoma, after winning 70 percent of the vote in a runoff election against 70-year-old, three-time former Muskogee mayor Herschel McBride. Hammons was reelected on April 6, 2010, in a four-way race.",
"title": "John Tyler Hammons"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Cambridge (Māori: \"Kemureti\") is a town in the Waipa District of the Waikato Region of the North Island of New Zealand. Situated southeast of Hamilton, on the banks of the Waikato River, Cambridge is known as \"The Town of Trees & Champions\". The town has a population of , making it the largest town in the Waipa District, and third largest urban area in the Waikato (after Hamilton and Taupo).",
"title": "Cambridge, New Zealand"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Høylandsbygd is a village in Kvinnherad municipality in Hordaland county, Norway. The village is located on the eastern part of the island of Halsnøya. It is one of the largest urban areas on the island, just after Sæbøvik and Eidsvik. While originally one of the island's largest farming villages, today it is renowned for its position in Norwegian shipping industry.",
"title": "Høylandsbygd"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Patience Latting was elected Mayor of Oklahoma City in 1971, becoming the city's first female mayor. Latting was also the first woman to serve as mayor of a U.S. city with over 350,000 residents.",
"title": "Oklahoma City"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Zestienhoven is a neighborhood of Rotterdam, Netherlands and is part of the borough Overschie. Zestienhoven is the largest district in Overschie, but is sparsely populated. The Polder Zestienhoven is within the district, east of the urban area of Overschie. On the east side is the neighborhood Schiebroek and on the north side Rotterdam The Hague Airport.",
"title": "Zestienhoven (district)"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Jacques Bigot (born July 31, 1952) is a French politician, Mayor of Illkirch-Graffenstaden and President of the Urban Community of Strasbourg. He is a member of the Socialist Party.",
"title": "Jacques Bigot (politician)"
}
],
"question": "Who is the mayor of Oklahoma's largest urbanized area?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Oklahoma City",
"id": 5371,
"paragraph_support_idx": 10,
"question": "What is Oklahoma's largest urbanized area?"
},
{
"answer": "Mick Cornett",
"id": 5418,
"paragraph_support_idx": 4,
"question": "Who is the mayor of #1 ?"
}
]
} |
2hop__129870_555599 | In which county in the state where D.C.Eldridge House is located can Robinson be found? | Delaware County | [
"Delaware County",
"Delaware County, Iowa"
] | {
"answer": "Delaware County",
"answer_aliases": [
"Delaware County, Iowa"
],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__129870_555599",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The National Christmas Tree is a large evergreen tree located in the northeast quadrant of The Ellipse near the White House in Washington, D.C. Each year since 1923, the tree has been decorated as a Christmas tree. Every early December, the tree is traditionally lit by the President of the United States. Every president since Franklin D. Roosevelt has made formal remarks during the tree lighting ceremony. Since 1954, the event has marked the start of month - long festivities known as the Pageant of Peace. Smaller trees representing the U.S. states, District of Columbia, and the five territories around the National Christmas Tree are referred to as the Pathway to Peace.",
"title": "National Christmas Tree (United States)"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Apotheosis of Democracy is a public artwork by American sculptor Paul Wayland Bartlett, located on the United States Capitol House of Representatives portico's east front in Washington, D.C., United States. This sculpture was surveyed in 1993 as part of the Smithsonian's Save Outdoor Sculpture! program.",
"title": "Apotheosis of Democracy"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "AKA White House is a luxury extended stay hotel owned by Korman Communities located at 1710 H Street NW in Washington, D.C., in the United States. The operator is AKA, the extended-stay hotel brand owned by Korman Communities. AKA White House opened in 2005.",
"title": "AKA White House"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:",
"title": "Khabarovsky District"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The United States of America is a federal republic consisting of 50 states, a federal district (Washington, D.C., the capital city of the United States), five major territories, and various minor islands. The 48 contiguous states and Washington, D.C., are in central North America between Canada and Mexico; the two other states, Alaska and Hawaii, are in the northwestern part of North America and an archipelago in the mid-Pacific, respectively, while the territories are scattered throughout the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea.",
"title": "List of states and territories of the United States"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.",
"title": "Territory of Papua"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Capitol Place is a high-rise office building located in Washington, D.C., United States. The building rises to , with 12 floors.",
"title": "Capitol Place"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The D.C. Eldridge House is a historic building located on the east side of Davenport, Iowa, United States. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1984.",
"title": "D.C. Eldridge House"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Wardville is a small unincorporated community in northern Atoka County, Oklahoma, United States, along State Highway 131 14 miles northeast of Coalgate, Oklahoma. The post office was established February 6, 1902 under the name Herbert, Oklahoma. Herbert was located in Atoka County, Choctaw Nation, a territorial-era entity which included portions of today's Atoka, Coal, Hughes and Pittsburg counties. The town was named after Herbert Ward, who was the youngest son of the towns first postmaster, Henry Pleasant Ward. The name of the town was changed to Wardville on July 18, 1907. Wardville was named for the before mentioned Henry Pleasant Ward, who served in the territorial House of Representatives and Senate and was an Atoka County judge. The Wardville Post Office closed in 2007.",
"title": "Wardville, Oklahoma"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Embassy of Yemen in Washington, D.C. is the Republic of Yemen's diplomatic mission to the United States. It is located at 2319 Wyoming Avenue N.W. in Washington, D.C.'s Kalorama neighborhood.",
"title": "Embassy of Yemen, Washington, D.C."
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Robinson is an unincorporated community in Delaware County, Iowa, United States. It is located at the junction of County Highway D47 and 310th Street, five miles west of Ryan and three miles southeast of Monti, at 42.340037N, -91.578738W.",
"title": "Robinson, Iowa"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:",
"title": "Biysky District"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Bridge Tender's House is a public artwork by American artist Mikyoung Kim, located on the 14th Street Bridge in Washington, D.C., United States. \"Bridge Tender's House\" was commissioned through DC Commission on the Arts and Humanities.",
"title": "Bridge Tender's House (artwork)"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Embassy of Australia in Washington, D.C. is the diplomatic mission of the Commonwealth of Australia to the United States. The chancery is located on Embassy Row at 1601 Massachusetts Avenue NW, at Scott Circle in Washington, D.C.",
"title": "Embassy of Australia, Washington, D.C."
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Sandy Lake is an unincorporated community Native American village located in Turner Township, Aitkin County, Minnesota, United States. Its name in the Ojibwe language is \"Gaa-mitaawangaagamaag\", meaning \"Place of the Sandy-shored Lake\". The village is administrative center for the Sandy Lake Band of Mississippi Chippewa, though the administration of the Mille Lacs Indian Reservation, District II, is located in the nearby East Lake.",
"title": "Sandy Lake, Minnesota"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Needle Tower is a public artwork by American sculptor Kenneth Snelson located outside of the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden in Washington, D.C., United States.",
"title": "Needle Tower"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Oak Hill Cottage, built in 1847 by John Robinson, superintendent of the Sandusky, Mansfield, and Newark Railroad, is an historic Gothic Revival brick house with Carpenter Gothic ornamentation located at 310 Springmill Street in Mansfield, Ohio, in the United States. All of the furnishings and artifacts inside the house are original to about the 1870s and have come down to the present intact.",
"title": "Oak Hill Cottage"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Peirce Mill is a historic mill building located in Rock Creek Park, at Tilden Street and Beach Drive, Northwest, Washington, D.C., United States.",
"title": "Peirce Mill"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Revolutionary War Door is an artwork by American sculptor Thomas Crawford, located on the United States Capitol House of Representatives wing east front in Washington, D.C., United States. This sculptured door was surveyed in 1993 as part of the Smithsonian's Save Outdoor Sculpture! program.",
"title": "Revolutionary War Door"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Embassy of Namibia in Washington, D.C. is the Republic of Namibia's diplomatic mission to the United States. It's located at 1605 New Hampshire Avenue, Northwest, Washington, D.C., in the Dupont Circle neighborhood.",
"title": "Embassy of Namibia in Washington, D.C."
}
],
"question": "In which county in the state where D.C.Eldridge House is located can Robinson be found?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Iowa",
"id": 129870,
"paragraph_support_idx": 7,
"question": "What is the name of the state where D.C. Eldridge House is located?"
},
{
"answer": "Delaware County",
"id": 555599,
"paragraph_support_idx": 10,
"question": "Robinson, #1 >> located in the administrative territorial entity"
}
]
} |
3hop1__161136_93626_85837 | When did the Us and Britain invade the country the allies went to after where the screening was prevented? | 3 September 1943 | [
"3 September 1943"
] | {
"answer": "3 September 1943",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "3hop1__161136_93626_85837",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": ", or Inazuma Eleven GO Chrono Stones in Europe, is a role-playing video game and sports video game for the Nintendo 3DS developed and published by Level-5. It was released on December 13, 2012 in Japan and in Europe on March 27, 2015. There are 2 versions of the game, \"Neppuu (Scorching Wind)\" (Wildfire in Europe) and \"Raimei (Thunderclap)\" (Thunderflash in Europe). An \"Inazuma Eleven GO\" anime and manga based on the game began serialization in \"CoroCoro Comic\", while an anime based on the game produced by OLM started airing on April 18, 2012. The story follows star Matsukaze Tenma (Arion Sherwind in the English dub) his team, Raimon, and mysterious friendly allies who have come from the future, as they use a time machine to journey across history and attempt to prevent mysterious organisation from the future's plans to erase soccer from history",
"title": "Inazuma Eleven GO 2: Chrono Stone"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "France allied with the United States during the American Revolutionary War (American War of Independence 1775 -- 1783) in 1778, declared war on Great Britain, and sent its armies and navy to fight Britain while providing money and matériel to arm the new republic. French intervention made a decisive contribution to the U.S. victory in the war. Motivated by a long - term rivalry with Britain and by revenge for its territorial losses during the French and Indian War, France began secretly sending supplies in 1775. Spain and the Netherlands joined France, making it a global war in which the British had no major allies. France incurred a debt of over 1 billion livres.",
"title": "France in the American Revolutionary War"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 255 B.C., Ariarathes III took the title of king and married Stratonice, a daughter of Antiochus II, remaining an ally of the Seleucid kingdom. Under Ariarathes IV, Cappadocia came into relations with Rome, first as a foe espousing the cause of Antiochus the Great, then as an ally against Perseus of Macedon and finally in a war against the Seleucids. Ariarathes V also waged war with Rome against Aristonicus, a claimant to the throne of Pergamon, and their forces were annihilated in 130 BCE. This defeat allowed Pontus to invade and conquer the kingdom.",
"title": "Hellenistic period"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "William Pitt, who entered the cabinet in 1756, had a grand vision for the war that made it entirely different from previous wars with France. As prime minister Pitt committed Britain to a grand strategy of seizing the entire French Empire, especially its possessions in North America and India. Britain's main weapon was the Royal Navy, which could control the seas and bring as many invasion troops as were needed. He also planned to use colonial forces from the Thirteen American colonies, working under the command of British regulars, to invade new France. In order to tie the French army down he subsidized his European allies. Pitt Head of the government from 1756 to 1761, and even after that the British continued his strategy. It proved completely successful. Pitt had a clear appreciation of the enormous value of imperial possessions, and realized how vulnerable was the French Empire.",
"title": "Northern Seven Years' War"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The outcome was one of the most significant developments in a century of Anglo-French conflict. France ceded its territory east of the Mississippi to Great Britain. It ceded French Louisiana west of the Mississippi River (including New Orleans) to its ally Spain, in compensation for Spain's loss to Britain of Florida (Spain had ceded this to Britain in exchange for the return of Havana, Cuba). France's colonial presence north of the Caribbean was reduced to the islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, confirming Britain's position as the dominant colonial power in eastern North America.",
"title": "French and Indian War"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "As an island nation, the United Kingdom was highly dependent on imported goods. Britain required more than a million tons of imported material per week in order to be able to survive and fight. In essence, the Battle of the Atlantic was a tonnage war: the Allied struggle to supply Britain and the Axis attempt to stem the flow of merchant shipping that enabled Britain to keep fighting. From 1942 onwards, the Axis also sought to prevent the build - up of Allied supplies and equipment in the British Isles in preparation for the invasion of occupied Europe. The defeat of the U-boat threat was a pre-requisite for pushing back the Axis. The outcome of the battle was a strategic victory for the Allies -- the German blockade failed -- but at great cost: 3,500 merchant ships and 175 warships were sunk in the Atlantic for the loss of 783 U-boats (the majority being Type VII submarines) and 47 German surface warships, including 4 battleships (Scharnhorst, Bismarck, Gneisenau, and Tirpitz), 9 cruisers, 7 raiders, and 27 destroyers. Of the U-boats, 519 were sunk by British, Canadian, or other allied forces, while 175 were destroyed by American forces; 15 were destroyed by Soviets and 73 were scuttled by their crews before the end of the war for various causes.",
"title": "Battle of the Atlantic"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Many middle and small powers in Europe, unlike in the previous wars, tried to steer clear away from the escalating conflict, even though they had interests in the conflict or with the belligerents, like Denmark-Norway. The Dutch Republic, long-time British ally, kept its neutrality intact, fearing the odds against Britain and Prussia fighting the great powers of Europe, even tried to prevent Britain's domination in India. Naples, Sicily, and Savoy, although sided with Franco-Spanish party, declined to join the coalition under the fear of British power. The taxation needed for war caused the Russian people considerable hardship, being added to the taxation of salt and alcohol begun by Empress Elizabeth in 1759 to complete her addition to the Winter Palace. Like Sweden, Russia concluded a separate peace with Prussia.",
"title": "Northern Seven Years' War"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Through times of war and rebellion, peace and estrangement, as well as becoming friends and allies, Britain and the US cemented these deeply rooted links during World War II into what is known as the ``Special Relationship. ''In long - term perspective, the historian Paul Johnson has called it the`` cornerstone of the modern, democratic world order''.",
"title": "United Kingdom–United States relations"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In the Southeast, Andrew Jackson's destruction of Britain's allies, the Creek Indians at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend in 1814, ended the threat of Native American hostilities in that region. It opened vast areas in Georgia and Alabama for settlement as plantations and farmlands. The U.S. occupied all of West Florida during the war and in 1819 purchased the rest of Florida from Spain, thus preventing the Spanish from arming hostile tribes there. Creek Indians who escaped to Spanish Florida joined the Seminoles there, and put up a long resistance known as the Seminole Wars.",
"title": "Results of the War of 1812"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Information gleaned via British Ultra code - breaking intelligence proved critical to Allied success in North Africa. Victory for the Allies in this campaign immediately led to the Italian Campaign, which culminated in the downfall of the fascist government in Italy and the elimination of Germany's main European ally.",
"title": "North African campaign"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"Save New York\" is a shoot 'em up game where the player has to protect New York City from invading aliens. The game takes place on a single static screen with various skyscraper buildings and a subway tunnel running underneath them. At either edge of the screen is an airplane launching pad.",
"title": "Save New York"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "During the 19th century, Britain and the Russian Empire vied to fill the power vacuums that had been left by the declining Ottoman Empire, Qajar dynasty and Qing Dynasty. This rivalry in Eurasia came to be known as the \"Great Game\". As far as Britain was concerned, defeats inflicted by Russia on Persia and Turkey demonstrated its imperial ambitions and capabilities and stoked fears in Britain of an overland invasion of India. In 1839, Britain moved to pre-empt this by invading Afghanistan, but the First Anglo-Afghan War was a disaster for Britain.",
"title": "British Empire"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Zoe Davis is a fictional character from the Australia soap opera \"Neighbours\", portrayed by Ally Fowler. She made her first screen appearance during the episode broadcast on 20 January 1986.",
"title": "Zoe Davis"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"If You Go Down to the Woods\" is an episode of the BBC sitcom, \"The Green Green Grass\". It was first screened on 23 November 2007, as the third episode of series three.",
"title": "If You Go Down to the Woods"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Recommendations for IAP to prevent perinatal GBS disease were issued in 1996 by the CDC. In these guidelines, the use of one of two prevention methods was recommended, either a risk - based approach or a culture - based screening approach. The CDC issued updated guidelines in 2002; these guidelines recommended the universal culture - based screening of all pregnant women at 35 -- 37 weeks' gestation to optimize the identification of women who must receive IAP. CDC also recommended that women with unknown GBS colonization status at the time of delivery be managed according to the presence of intrapartum risk factors. Because of this strategy, the US has seen a major reduction in the incidence of GBS - EOD.",
"title": "Group B streptococcal infection"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Allied invasion of Italy was the Allied amphibious landing on mainland Italy that took place on 3 September 1943 during the early stages of the Italian Campaign of World War II. The operation was undertaken by General Sir Harold Alexander's 15th Army Group (comprising General Mark W. Clark's Fifth Army and General Bernard Montgomery's British Eighth Army) and followed the successful invasion of Sicily. The main invasion force landed around Salerno on 9 September on the western coast in Operation Avalanche, while two supporting operations took place in Calabria (Operation Baytown) and Taranto (Operation Slapstick).",
"title": "Allied invasion of Italy"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "At the start of the war on 1 September 1939, the Allies consisted of France, Poland and the United Kingdom, and dependent states, such as the British India. Within days they were joined by the independent Dominions of the British Commonwealth: Australia, Canada, New Zealand and South Africa. After the start of the German invasion of North Europe till the Balkan Campaign, the Netherlands, Belgium, Greece and Yugoslavia joined the Allies. After first having cooperated with Germany in invading Poland whilst remaining neutral in the Allied - Axis conflict, the Soviet Union perforce joined the Allies in June 1941 after being invaded by Germany. The United States provided war materiel and money all along, and officially joined in December 1941 after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. China had already been in a prolonged war with Japan since the Lugou Bridge Incident of 1937, but officially joined the Allies in 1941.",
"title": "Allies of World War II"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "At the start of the war on 1 September 1939, the Allies consisted of France, Poland and the United Kingdom, as well as their dependent states, such as British India. Within days they were joined by the independent Dominions of the British Commonwealth: Australia, Canada, New Zealand and South Africa. After the start of the German invasion of North Europe until the Balkan Campaign, the Netherlands, Belgium, Greece, and Yugoslavia joined the Allies. After first having cooperated with Germany in invading Poland whilst remaining neutral in the Allied - Axis conflict, the Soviet Union perforce joined the Allies in June 1941 after being invaded by Germany. The United States provided war materiel and money all along, and officially joined in December 1941 after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. China had already been in a prolonged war with Japan since the Marco Polo Bridge Incident of 1937, but officially joined the Allies in 1941.",
"title": "Allies of World War II"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Although an initial release date was anticipated for early 1943, the film premiered at the Hollywood Theater in New York City on November 26, 1942, to coincide with the Allied invasion of North Africa and the capture of Casablanca. It went into general release on January 23, 1943, to take advantage of the Casablanca Conference, a high-level meeting in the city between British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and American President Franklin D. Roosevelt. The Office of War Information prevented screening of the film to troops in North Africa, believing it would cause resentment among Vichy supporters in the region.",
"title": "Casablanca (film)"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "During the Cold War, American troops and their allies fought Communist forces in Korea and Vietnam. The Korean War began in 1950, when the Soviets walked out of a U.N. Security meeting, removing their possible veto. Under a United Nations umbrella, hundreds of thousands of U.S. troops fought to prevent the takeover of South Korea by North Korea, and later, to invade the northern nation. After repeated advances and retreats by both sides, and the PRC People's Volunteer Army's entry into the war, the Korean Armistice Agreement returned the peninsula to the status quo in 1953.",
"title": "United States Army"
}
],
"question": "When did the Us and Britain invade the country the allies went to after where the screening was prevented?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "North Africa",
"id": 161136,
"paragraph_support_idx": 18,
"question": "Where was the screening prevented?"
},
{
"answer": "Italy",
"id": 93626,
"paragraph_support_idx": 9,
"question": "where did the allies go after #1"
},
{
"answer": "3 September 1943",
"id": 85837,
"paragraph_support_idx": 15,
"question": "when did the us and britain invade #2"
}
]
} |
2hop__51749_43074 | When did the most frequent Sports Illustrated cover model create the Air Jordan? | 1985 | [
"1985"
] | {
"answer": "1985",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__51749_43074",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The silhouette of Michael Jordan served as inspiration to create the ``Jumpman ''logo. Product type Footwear, clothing Country United States Introduced November 17, 1984; 33 years ago (1984 - 11 - 17) Markets Worldwide Website Air Jordan at Nike",
"title": "Air Jordan"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "SportsCenter (SC) is a daily sports news television program that serves as the flagship program of American cable and satellite television network ESPN. The show covers various sports teams and athletes from around the world and often shows highlights of sports from the (previous) day. Originally broadcast only once per day, \"SportsCenter\" now has up to twelve airings each day, excluding overnight repeats. The show often covers the major sports in the U.S. including basketball, hockey, football, and baseball. SportsCenter is also known for its recaps after sports events and its in-depth analysis by different anchors and popular figures like Stephen A. Smith and Scott Van Pelt. The show continues to be the flagship show for ESPN and leads the way in sports broadcasting and entertainment.",
"title": "SportsCenter"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Air Jordan I was originally released on the market from 1985 to 1986. Then retro - ed in 1994, 2001 -- 2004, and 2007 -- 2017.",
"title": "Air Jordan"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Athlete Sport Number of covers Michael Jordan Basketball 50 Muhammad Ali Boxing 40 LeBron James Basketball 25 Tiger Woods Golf 24 Magic Johnson Basketball 23 Kareem Abdul - Jabbar Basketball 22 Tom Brady Football 20",
"title": "Sports Illustrated"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Jerome Snyder (1916 - May 2, 1976) was an American illustrator and graphic designer. He is best known as the first art director of the magazine \"Sports Illustrated\" and as the co-author of the popular New York City restaurant guidebook \"The Underground Gourmet\" written with Milton Glaser.",
"title": "Jerome Snyder"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Einar Stang (18 May 1898 – 5 June 1984) was a Norwegian painter and illustrator. He was born Arendal, educated at the Norges landbrukshøgskole, emigrated to Argentina in 1922, was in Canada and the United Kingdom during the Second World War, then back in Argentina until 1958, when he returned to Norway. During the Second World War Stang served with the exiled Royal Norwegian Air Force in Toronto and London, at the No. 132 Wing RAF. From 1958 he worked as freelance illustrator for various Norwegian newspapers. In his column \"Sett og hørt på byen\" for \"Verdens Gang\" he found motives from the city of Oslo. He was reporter for \"Dagbladet\" at Cuba, in the aftermath of the Cuban Revolution, and sports illustrator for \"Aftenposten\". He is represented at the National Gallery of Norway. He died in Oslo in 1984.",
"title": "Einar Stang"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Michael Jordan: An American Hero is an American television film that aired on April 18, 1999 on Fox Family Channel. It stars Michael Jace as Michael Jordan.",
"title": "Michael Jordan: An American Hero"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Secret Life of Bees The Secret Life of Bees cover Author Sue Monk Kidd Translator Wally Frank Illustrator Kim Ellington Cover artist Borgin Reput Country United States Genre Fiction Published November 8th 2001",
"title": "The Secret Life of Bees (novel)"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Air Jordan is a brand of basketball footwear and athletic clothing produced by Nike. It was created for former professional basketball player Michael Jordan. The original Air Jordan I sneakers were produced exclusively for Jordan in early 1984, and released to the public in late 1984. The shoes were designed for Nike by Peter Moore, Tinker Hatfield, and Bruce Kilgore.",
"title": "Air Jordan"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Jordan Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that is published by the Hashemite University and Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (Jordan). It was established in 2007 and covers the field of engineering, including computational fluid dynamics, thermodynamics, mechatronics, and renewable energy. The journal is abstracted and indexed in Scopus.",
"title": "Jordan Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Air Jordan 1 was first produced for Michael Jordan in 1984. It was designed by Peter C. Moore. The red and black colorway of the Nike Air Ship, the prototype for the Jordan 1, was later outlawed by NBA Commissioner David Stern for having very little white on them. It is a common misconception that the Jordan 1 was banned however, it was indeed the Nike Air Ship. After the Nike Air Ship was banned, Michael Jordan and Nike introduced the Jordan 1 in color ways with more white such as the ``Chicago ''color way and the`` Black Toe'' color way. They used the Nike Air Ship's banning as a promotional tool in advertisements hinting that the shoes gave an unfair competitive advantage for the Jordan 1 and that whoever wore them had a certain edginess associated with outlaw activities.",
"title": "Air Jordan"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The 1957 Aqaba Valetta accident happened on the 17 April 1957 when a twin-engined Vickers Valetta C.1 transport aircraft, serial number \"VW832\", of 84 Squadron, Royal Air Force crashed and was destroyed after departing from Aqaba Airport in Jordan following wing failure due to turbulence. The crash is the deadliest air disaster in the history of Jordan.",
"title": "1957 Aqaba Valetta accident"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Jordan 6 Rings (aka Jordan Six Rings) is a combination of the seven Air Jordan shoes that Michael Jordan wore during his 6 Championship seasons. That includes the Air Jordan 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 13 and 14. The Jordan Brand company released the ``6 Rings ''shoes starting in September 2008.",
"title": "Air Jordan"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Jordan is situated geographically in Southwest Asia, south of Syria, west of Iraq, northwest of Saudi Arabia and east of Palestine and the West Bank; politically, the area has also been referred to in the West as the Middle or Near East. The territory of Jordan now covers about 91,880 square kilometres (35,480 sq mi).",
"title": "Geography of Jordan"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Glen Orbik (1963 – May 11, 2015) was an American illustrator known for his fully painted paperback and comic covers, often executed in a noir style.",
"title": "Glen Orbik"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The original edition of \"Journey to Venus\" from Arena Publishing Co. featured sixteen illustrations by \"Miss Fairfax and Mrs. McAuley.\" The ensuing \"paper-covered\" edition reduced the illustrations to three. After the 1896 bankruptcy of Arena Publishing, \"Journey to Venus\" was reprinted in 1897 by the New York firm F. T. Neely, with the reduced number of three illustrations.",
"title": "Journey to Venus"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Crossing Jordan is an American television crime drama series created by Tim Kring that aired on NBC from September 24, 2001, to May 16, 2007. It stars Jill Hennessy as Dr. Jordan Cavanaugh, a crime-solving forensic pathologist employed in the Massachusetts Office of the Chief Medical Examiner. In addition to Jordan, the show followed an ensemble cast composed of Jordan's co-workers and police detectives assigned to the various cases.",
"title": "Crossing Jordan"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Jordan is also known for his product endorsements. He fueled the success of Nike's Air Jordan sneakers, which were introduced in 1985 and remain popular today. Jordan also starred in the 1996 film Space Jam as himself. In 2006, he became part - owner and head of basketball operations for the then - Charlotte Bobcats, buying a controlling interest in 2010. In 2015, Jordan became the first billionaire NBA player in history as a result of the increase in value of NBA franchises. He is the third - richest African - American, behind Oprah Winfrey and Robert F. Smith.",
"title": "Michael Jordan"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Air Jordan XIII was originally released from 1997 to 1998. It was retro - ed in 2004, 2005, 2008, 2010 -- 2017.",
"title": "Air Jordan"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Air Jordan is a brand of basketball footwear and athletic clothing produced by Nike. It was created for former professional basketball player, Michael Jordan. The original Air Jordan I sneaker, produced for Jordan in 1984, were released to the public in 1985. The shoes were designed for Nike by Peter Moore, Tinker Hatfield, and Bruce Kilgore.",
"title": "Air Jordan"
}
],
"question": "When did the most frequent Sports Illustrated cover model create the Air Jordan?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Michael Jordan",
"id": 51749,
"paragraph_support_idx": 3,
"question": "who has been on sports illustrated cover the most"
},
{
"answer": "1985",
"id": 43074,
"paragraph_support_idx": 17,
"question": "when did #1 do the air jordan"
}
]
} |
4hop3__9622_38788_25582_21116 | How many people whose name new students were once called by others live in the South American country discovered by the country where a coup took place? | 196,000-600,000 | [
"196,000-600,000"
] | {
"answer": "196,000-600,000",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "4hop3__9622_38788_25582_21116",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Winnacunnet High School is an American public high school located in Hampton, New Hampshire. It serves students in grades 9 through 12 who live in the communities of Hampton, Seabrook, North Hampton, and Hampton Falls. Students from South Hampton attend Amesbury High School. The name \"Winnacunnet\" is a Native American word that means \"beautiful place in the pines\". The current principal, since 2010, is William McGowan.",
"title": "Winnacunnet High School"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Most episodes feature a storyline taking place in the present (2016 -- 2018, contemporaneous with airing) and a storyline taking place at a set time in the past; but some episodes are set in one time period or use multiple flashback time periods. Flashbacks often focus on Jack and Rebecca c. 1980 both before and after their babies' birth, or on the family when the Big Three are children (at least ages 8 -- 10) or adolescents; these scenes usually take place in Pittsburgh, where the Big Three are born and raised. Various other time periods and locations have also served a settings. As adults, Kate lives in Los Angeles, Randall and his family are in New Jersey, and Kevin relocates from Los Angeles to New York City.",
"title": "This Is Us"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Portugal spearheaded European exploration of the world and the Age of Discovery. Prince Henry the Navigator, son of King João I, became the main sponsor and patron of this endeavour. During this period, Portugal explored the Atlantic Ocean, discovering several Atlantic archipelagos like the Azores, Madeira, and Cape Verde, explored the African coast, colonized selected areas of Africa, discovered an eastern route to India via the Cape of Good Hope, discovered Brazil, explored the Indian Ocean, established trading routes throughout most of southern Asia, and sent the first direct European maritime trade and diplomatic missions to China and Japan.",
"title": "Portugal"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Live at the Beacon Theater is the fourth full-length comedy special/concert film by comedian Louis C.K.. The special takes place at the Beacon Theatre in Manhattan, New York.",
"title": "Live at the Beacon Theater"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "About 80% of undergraduates and 20% of graduate students live on campus. The majority of the graduate students on campus live in one of four graduate housing complexes on campus, while all on-campus undergraduates live in one of the 29 residence halls. Because of the religious affiliation of the university, all residence halls are single-sex, with 15 male dorms and 14 female dorms. The university maintains a visiting policy (known as parietal hours) for those students who live in dormitories, specifying times when members of the opposite sex are allowed to visit other students' dorm rooms; however, all residence halls have 24-hour social spaces for students regardless of gender. Many residence halls have at least one nun and/or priest as a resident. There are no traditional social fraternities or sororities at the university, but a majority of students live in the same residence hall for all four years. Some intramural sports are based on residence hall teams, where the university offers the only non-military academy program of full-contact intramural American football. At the end of the intramural season, the championship game is played on the field in Notre Dame Stadium.",
"title": "University of Notre Dame"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "As in many other countries, child labour in Switzerland affected among the so-called Kaminfegerkinder (\"chimney sweep children\") and chidren working p.e. in spinning mills, factories and in agriculture in 19th-century Switzerland, but also to the 1960s so-called Verdingkinder (literally: \"contract children\" or \"indentured child laborers\") were children who were taken from their parents, often due to poverty or moral reasons – usually mothers being unmarried, very poor citizens, of Gypsy–Yeniche origin, so-called Kinder der Landstrasse, etc. – and sent to live with new families, often poor farmers who needed cheap labour.",
"title": "Child labour"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "More than half of the Jews live in the Diaspora (see Population table). Currently, the largest Jewish community outside Israel, and either the largest or second-largest Jewish community in the world, is located in the United States, with 5.2 million to 6.4 million Jews by various estimates. Elsewhere in the Americas, there are also large Jewish populations in Canada (315,000), Argentina (180,000-300,000), and Brazil (196,000-600,000), and smaller populations in Mexico, Uruguay, Venezuela, Chile, Colombia and several other countries (see History of the Jews in Latin America). Demographers disagree on whether the United States has a larger Jewish population than Israel, with many maintaining that Israel surpassed the United States in Jewish population during the 2000s, while others maintain that the United States still has the largest Jewish population in the world. Currently, a major national Jewish population survey is planned to ascertain whether or not Israel has overtaken the United States in Jewish population.",
"title": "Jews"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Independence was unilaterally declared on 24 September 1973. Recognition became universal following the 25 April 1974 socialist-inspired military coup in Portugal, which overthrew Lisbon's Estado Novo regime.",
"title": "Guinea-Bissau"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Historically, the SAT was more widely used by students living in coastal states and the ACT was more widely used by students in the Midwest and South; in recent years, however, an increasing number of students on the East and West coasts have been taking the ACT. Since 2007, all four-year colleges and universities in the United States that require a test as part of an application for admission will accept either the SAT or ACT, and over 950 four-year colleges and universities do not require any standardized test scores at all for admission.",
"title": "SAT"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Like other neighborhoods in New York City, the South Bronx has no official boundaries. The name has been used to represent poverty in the Bronx and applied to progressively more northern places so that by the 2000s Fordham Road was often used as a northern limit. The Bronx River more consistently forms an eastern boundary. The South Bronx has many high-density apartment buildings, low income public housing complexes, and multi-unit homes. The South Bronx is home to the Bronx County Courthouse, Borough Hall, and other government buildings, as well as Yankee Stadium. The Cross Bronx Expressway bisects it, east to west. The South Bronx has some of the poorest neighborhoods in the country, as well as very high crime areas.",
"title": "The Bronx"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Foreign students' department for Armenian diaspora established in 1957 later was enlarged and the enrollment of foreign students began. Nowadays the YSMU is a Medical Institution corresponding to international requirements, trains medical staff for not only Armenia and neighbor countries, i.e. Iran, Syria, Lebanon, Georgia, but also many other leading countries all over the world. A great number of foreign students from India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, the USA and Russian Federation study together with Armenian students. Nowadays the university is ranked among famous higher Medical Institutions and takes its honorable place in the World Directory of Medical Schools published by the WHO.",
"title": "Armenia"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"I Really Hate My Job\" is the story of the lives of five women stuck working in a second-rate London restaurant with delusions of grandeur. The action takes place over a single evening. Customers come and go, unaware of the real concerns of these women: a rat or two in the kitchen, bitter arguments about life and art, as well as a coup d'état in the kitchen, all overshadowed by the anticipation of a booking by a famous Hollywood film star.",
"title": "I Really Hate My Job"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "For many years until 2006, South Africa was the world's dominant gold producer, but recently other countries with large surface area have surpassed South Africa: China, Russia, Canada, the United States, Peru and Australia. Albeit, none of these countries have approached South Africa's peak production which occurred in the 1970s. Note the figures are for primary production. In the US, for example, for the years 2010 - 14, new and old scrap exceeded both primary production and reported domestic consumption.",
"title": "List of countries by gold production"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The story takes place in Sweden and follows Elsa, a 7 year old who knows she is different from other children her age. She has a habit of correcting others' grammar, is smart for her age, and is especially close with her grandmother (Granny). When Granny passes, Elsa slowly discovers more about her grandmother's past identities, as well as the lives of people affected by her grandmother.",
"title": "My Grandmother Asked Me to Tell You She's Sorry"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "In the past, people at Eton have occasionally been guilty of antisemitism. For a time, new admissions were called 'Jews' by their fellow Collegers. In 1945, the school introduced a nationality statute conditioning entry on the applicant's father being British by birth. The statute was removed after the intervention of Prime Minister Harold Macmillan in the 1960s after it came to the attention of Oxford's Wykeham Professor of Logic, A. J. Ayer, himself Jewish and an Old Etonian, who \"suspected a whiff of anti-semitism\".",
"title": "Eton College"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Argentinosaurus (meaning \"Argentine lizard\") is a genus of titanosaur sauropod dinosaur first discovered by Guillermo Heredia in Argentina. The generic name refers to the country in which it was discovered. The dinosaur lived on the then-island continent of South America somewhere between 97 and 93.5 million years ago, during the Late Cretaceous Period. It is among the largest known dinosaurs.",
"title": "Argentinosaurus"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Now That's What I Call Music! (often shortened to Now!) is a series of various artists compilation albums released in the United Kingdom and Ireland by Sony Music and Universal Music (Universal/Sony Music) which began in 1983. Spinoff series began for other countries the following year, starting with South Africa, and many other countries worldwide soon followed, expanding into Asia in 1995, then the United States in 1998.",
"title": "Now That's What I Call Music!"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In the eukaryotic cell, the cytosol is within the cell membrane and is part of the cytoplasm, which also comprises the mitochondria, plastids, and other organelles (but not their internal fluids and structures); the cell nucleus is separate. The cytosol is thus a liquid matrix around the organelles. In prokaryotes, most of the chemical reactions of metabolism take place in the cytosol, while a few take place in membranes or in the periplasmic space. In eukaryotes, while many metabolic pathways still occur in the cytosol, others are contained within organelles.",
"title": "Cytosol"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Blackstone Chronicles is a serialized novel by American horror and suspense author John Saul. The series consists of six installments and takes place in a fictional New Hampshire town called Blackstone. The series has been adapted into both a computer game and graphic novel.",
"title": "Blackstone Chronicles"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "A separate story, ``Mob of the Dead '', taking place also in Dimension 63, focuses on four mobsters: Salvatore`` Sal'' DeLuca, Billy Handsome, Michael ``Finn ''O'Leary, and Albert`` The Weasel'' Arlington, who are incarcerated at Alcatraz Island. On New Year's Eve 1933, the four attempt to escape the prison, using Weasel's plan to build a makeshift airplane called Icarus. However, the prison becomes infested with zombies, and they are forced to fight their way out. They succeed in building the airplane, but crash - land at the Golden Gate Bridge. They are then teleported back to the prison, with no memories of their previous attempt (except Weasel, who keeps a journal of the ongoing events). They continuously try to escape, but the result remains the same. After many failures, they discover that they were actually stuck in Purgatory, constantly repeating a cycle as punishment for their past sins. In reality, the escape plan never came to fruition, and Weasel was killed by the other three on New Year's Eve, while the rest were given the death penalty weeks later. Having remembered the truth, Sal, Billy and Finn set out to kill Weasel once again. Two possible endings can occur: if Weasel is killed, the cycle repeats once again; if Weasel lives and the other three are killed, the cycle is broken, and he is finally freed of his punishment.",
"title": "Call of Duty: Black Ops II"
}
],
"question": "How many people whose name new students were once called by others live in the South American country discovered by the country where a coup took place?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Portugal",
"id": 9622,
"paragraph_support_idx": 7,
"question": "Where did a coup take place?"
},
{
"answer": "Brazil",
"id": 38788,
"paragraph_support_idx": 2,
"question": "What South American country did #1 discover?"
},
{
"answer": "'Jews'",
"id": 25582,
"paragraph_support_idx": 14,
"question": "What were new students once called by others?"
},
{
"answer": "196,000-600,000",
"id": 21116,
"paragraph_support_idx": 6,
"question": "How many #3 live in #2 ?"
}
]
} |
3hop2__627944_51280_242202 | Crawford House, in the same city as Cosi's headquarters and the same state as Wellesley College in Mona Lisa smile, is an instance of what? | hotels | [
"hotels",
"Hotel",
"hotel"
] | {
"answer": "hotels",
"answer_aliases": [
"Hotel",
"hotel"
],
"answerable": true,
"id": "3hop2__627944_51280_242202",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Mona Lisa (/ ˌmoʊnə ˈliːsə /; Italian: Monna Lisa (ˈmɔnna ˈliːza) or La Gioconda (la dʒoˈkonda), French: La Joconde (la ʒɔkɔ̃d)) is a half - length portrait painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci that has been described as ``the best known, the most visited, the most written about, the most sung about, the most parodied work of art in the world ''. The Mona Lisa is also one of the most valuable paintings in the world. It holds the Guinness World Record for the highest known insurance valuation in history at $100 million in 1962, which is worth nearly $800 million in 2017.",
"title": "Mona Lisa"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Smaller private schools include Babson College, Bentley University, Boston Architectural College, Emmanuel College, Fisher College, MGH Institute of Health Professions, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Simmons College, Wellesley College, Wheelock College, Wentworth Institute of Technology, New England School of Law (originally established as America's first all female law school), and Emerson College.",
"title": "Boston"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "He was educated with his elder brother John at Wellesley House and Eton College. He was 10 when their father, Lieutenant Colonel Ivan Cobbold, was killed in the Guards Chapel, London, on 19 June 1944 when a flying bomb (V1) hit the Chapel during the Sunday morning service.",
"title": "Patrick Cobbold"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Mona Lisa (; or La Gioconda , ) is a half-length portrait painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci that has been described as \"the best known, the most visited, the most written about, the most sung about, the most parodied work of art in the world.\" The \"Mona Lisa\" is also one of the most valuable paintings in the world. It holds the Guinness World Record for the highest known insurance valuation in history at US$100 million in 1962 (equivalent to $ million in ).",
"title": "Mona Lisa"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Shorter House is located at the end of Andrews Road in Thompson Ridge, a hamlet in the Town of Crawford in Orange County, New York, United States. It is a late 18th-century building later modified in the Greek Revival style.",
"title": "Shorter House (Crawford, New York)"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Mona Lisa's Revenge is a two-part story of \"The Sarah Jane Adventures\" which was broadcast on CBBC on 12 and 13 November 2009. It is the fifth serial of the third series.",
"title": "Mona Lisa's Revenge"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Mona Lisa Smile is a 2003 American drama film produced by Revolution Studios and Columbia Pictures in association with Red Om Films Productions, directed by Mike Newell, written by Lawrence Konner and Mark Rosenthal, and starring Julia Roberts, Kirsten Dunst, Julia Stiles and Maggie Gyllenhaal. The title is a reference to the \"Mona Lisa\", the famous painting by Leonardo da Vinci, and to the song of the same name, originally performed by Nat King Cole, which was covered by Seal for the movie. Julia Roberts received a record $25 million for her performance, the highest ever earned by an actress at that time.",
"title": "Mona Lisa Smile"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Mona Lisa Italian: La Gioconda, French: La Joconde Artist Leonardo da Vinci Year c. 1503 -- 06, perhaps continuing until c. 1517 Medium Oil on poplar panel Subject Lisa Gherardini 77 cm × 53 cm (30 in × 21 in) Location Musée du Louvre, Paris",
"title": "Mona Lisa"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Henry Wellesley, 3rd Duke of Wellington (Apsley House, 5 April 1846 – 8 June 1900, Strathfieldsaye) was a British peer and Conservative Party politician. He was the son of Lord Charles Wellesley and grandson of the 1st Duke of Wellington.",
"title": "Henry Wellesley, 3rd Duke of Wellington"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Crawford House was a hotel and restaurant in downtown Boston, Massachusetts. Located on Court and Brattle Streets in Scollay Square, it was in operation during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and was for a time among the leading hotels in the city. The building was demolished in 1962 as part of the Government Center project.",
"title": "Crawford House (Boston, Massachusetts)"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Pokhran - II tests were a series of five nuclear bomb test explosions conducted by India at the Indian Army's Pokhran Test Range in May 1998. It was the second instance of nuclear testing conducted by India; the first test, code - named Smiling Buddha, was conducted in May 1974.",
"title": "Pokhran-II"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Clara Eaton Cummings (13 July 1855 – 28 December 1906) was an American cryptogamic botanist and Hunnewell Professor of Cryptogamic Botany at Wellesley College in Massachusetts.",
"title": "Clara Eaton Cummings"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "In 1953, Katherine Ann Watson (Julia Roberts), a 30 - year - old graduate student in the department of Art History at UCLA, takes a position teaching ``History of Art ''at Wellesley College, a conservative women's private liberal arts college in Massachusetts. At her first class, Katherine discovers that her students have already memorized the entire textbook and syllabus, so she uses the classes to introduce them to Modern Art and encourages discussion about topics such as what makes good art. Katherine comes to know her students and seeks to inspire them to achieve more than marriage to eligible young men.",
"title": "Mona Lisa Smile"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Così, based in Boston, Massachusetts, is a fast-casual restaurant chain that is known for its homemade flatbread. The name comes from the opera \"Così fan tutte\", which was a favorite of the original owner. The company has 66 locations in New York, Washington D.C., Virginia, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, as well as Costa Rica.",
"title": "Così (restaurant)"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Mary Rockwell (later Hook) graduated from Wellesley College in 1900. According to Hook's autobiography, she decided to become an architect after a 1902 family trip abroad:",
"title": "Mary Rockwell Hook"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Strickland graduated from Rhodes College in Memphis (Tennessee) in 1968. She studied English literature and earned a PhD from the University of Michigan in 1973. She taught at various universities during the 1980, such as Rutgers University and the State University of New York in Stony Brook. During a sabbatical in Geneva, Switzerland, she began writing widely on contemporary art. Having returned to the United States, she regularly published articles in The Christian Science Monitor, The New York Times, and the Wall Street Journal, but also for magazines, such as The Nation and Art & Antiques. Her articles are mainly focused on art and architecture. She is also the author of \"The Annotated Mona Lisa\" and \"The Annotated Arch\". \"The Annotated Mona Lisa\" includes articles on art history and architectural history from antiquity to the post-modern period. It has been translated in various languages.",
"title": "Carol Strickland"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The National Maritime College of Ireland is also located in Cork and is the only college in Ireland in which Nautical Studies and Marine Engineering can be undertaken. CIT also incorporates the Cork School of Music and Crawford College of Art and Design as constituent schools. The Cork College of Commerce is the largest post-Leaving Certificate college in Ireland and is also the biggest provider of Vocational Preparation and Training courses in the country.[citation needed] Other 3rd level institutions include Griffith College Cork, a private institution, and various other colleges.",
"title": "Cork (city)"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Wellesley Heights is a neighborhood in southwestern Lexington, Kentucky, United States. It is one of only three rural subdivisions in Fayette County - to protect farmland from development they are now illegal to build. Wellesley Heights is located on the southside of Versailles Road between New Circle Road and Man O War Boulevard. It is completely surrounded by farmland.",
"title": "Wellesley Heights, Lexington"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Fridolin Arnault House is located in Wood-Ridge, Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 23, 2009. The Wood-Ridge Historical Society is headquartered in this house.",
"title": "Fridolin Arnault House"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Museum of Old and New Art (MONA) is an art museum located within the Moorilla winery on the Berriedale peninsula in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. It is the largest privately funded museum in the Southern Hemisphere. MONA houses ancient, modern and contemporary art from the David Walsh collection. Noted for its central themes of sex and death, the museum has been described by Walsh as a \"subversive adult Disneyland.\"",
"title": "Museum of Old and New Art"
}
],
"question": "Crawford House, in the same city as Cosi's headquarters and the same state as Wellesley College in Mona Lisa smile, is an instance of what?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Boston",
"id": 627944,
"paragraph_support_idx": 13,
"question": "Così >> headquarters location"
},
{
"answer": "in Massachusetts",
"id": 51280,
"paragraph_support_idx": 12,
"question": "where is wellesley college in mona lisa smile"
},
{
"answer": "hotels",
"id": 242202,
"paragraph_support_idx": 9,
"question": "Crawford House (#1 , #2 ) >> instance of"
}
]
} |
2hop__715105_126539 | In what year was the performer of Ao Vivo no Theatro Municipal born? | 1985 | [
"1985"
] | {
"answer": "1985",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__715105_126539",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1962 Leon M. Lederman, Melvin Schwartz and Jack Steinberger established by performing an experiment at the Brookhaven National Laboratory that more than one type of neutrino exists by first detecting interactions of the muon neutrino (already hypothesised with the name neutretto), which earned them the 1988 Nobel Prize.",
"title": "Muon neutrino"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Peter Andreevich Tkachev was a Russian weapons engineer for TsNIITochMash. He is known to have worked on and modified various weapons such as the AO-38, AO-46, AO-62 and AO-63 assault rifles as well as developing the Balanced Automatics Recoil System (BARS) used in the AK-107.",
"title": "Peter Andreevich Tkachev"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Eresfjord og Vistdal is a former municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It existed from 1890 until its dissolution in 1964. The municipality encompassed all of the present-day Nesset Municipality that lies south of the Langfjorden and surrounding the Eresfjorden. The administrative centre of the municipality was the village of Eresfjord. The municipality included the two parishes of Vistdal and Eresfjord and there were two churches in the municipality: Sira Church in Eresfjord and Vistdal Church in Myklebostad.",
"title": "Eresfjord og Vistdal"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Conscription in South Korea has existed since 1957 and requires male citizens between the ages of 18 and 35 to perform about two years of compulsory military service. Women are not required to perform military service, but may voluntarily enlist.",
"title": "Conscription in South Korea"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Impur is a town and an assembly constituency in Nagaland, India. It was established as a mission centre in 1894 by the American missionaries. In 1897, when the Ao Baptist Arogo Mungdang (Ao Baptist Church Association) was formed, it became its headquarters and continues to do so till date. It is 15 kilometres away from the heart of Mokokchung town.It is also the Headquarters of AO churches (ABAM) in Nagaland which has about 159 churches under its Fold.It has a Higher Secondary school, Hospital and a church. It is surrounded by villages including Sungratsu, Mopungchuket and Longjang.",
"title": "Impur"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Bollion is a village lying within the municipality of Lully, in the canton of Fribourg, Switzerland. It formerly existed as an autonomous municipality, but on 1 January 2006 was merged, together with Seiry, into the larger Lully.",
"title": "Bollion"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "USS \"Patuxent\" (AO-44) was a in the United States Navy during World War II. She was the second U.S. Navy ship named for the Patuxent River in Maryland.",
"title": "USS Patuxent (AO-44)"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Fabio Golfetti founded Violeta de Outono in 1985 alongside Cláudio Souza; both had just parted ways with pioneering New Romantic band Zero. They would later be joined by Angelo Pastorello, and with this line-up they released a demo tape, \"Memories\", in the same year. The tape got the attention of independent record label Wop-Bop Records, that released their first recording, the extended play \"Reflexos da Noite\", in 1986.",
"title": "Violeta de Outono"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"Caso Arrumado\" is a single by Ana Moura from the album Leva-me aos Fados. It was released on November 23, 2009 in Portugal.",
"title": "Caso Arrumado"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Imsland is a former municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. The municipality existed from 1923 until its dissolution in 1965. The municipality included the area surrounding the inner part of the Vindafjorden in the present-day municipalities of Suldal and Vindafjord. The administrative centre of Imsland was the village of Imslandsjøen where Imsland Church is located.",
"title": "Imsland"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Violeta de Outono – Ao Vivo no Theatro Municipal, São Paulo, 03.05.2009 is a live video by Brazilian psychedelic rock band Violeta de Outono, released by Voiceprint Records on July 25, 2011. As the name implies, it was recorded during a show at the Theatro Municipal in São Paulo on May 3, 2009, in which they performed their 1987 debut album in its entirety, as well as some other tracks.",
"title": "Ao Vivo no Theatro Municipal"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"De troubadour\" (\"The troubadour\"), sung in Dutch by Lenny Kuhr representing the Netherlands, was – together with \"Boom Bang-a-Bang\", \"Un jour, un enfant\", and \"Vivo cantando\" from, respectively, the United Kingdom, France, and Spain – one of the four winners of the Eurovision Song Contest 1969.",
"title": "De troubadour"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Pfaffnau is a municipality in the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. In the municipality two different parts are existing, the village Pfaffnau and the Former Monastery of St. Urban.",
"title": "Pfaffnau"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Boris Markov (March 7, 1924, village Khitekushkan' (now Tautovskoye Rural Settlement, Alikovsky District, Chuvash Republic) Chuvash AO, USSR - March 25, 1977, Moscow, USSR) - Soviet, Chuvash actor and theater director, People Artist of the Russia, People Artist of the Chuvash Republic, the founder and first director of the Chuvash State Ballet&Opera Theatre.",
"title": "Boris Markov"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Cillaarshoek was a separate municipality between 1817 and 1832, when it became part of the municipality of Maasdam. In 1984, it became a part of the existing municipality of Strijen while the rest of the municipality of Maasdam was merged into the new municipality of Binnenmaas",
"title": "Cillaarshoek"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Meryl Tankard AO (born 1955, Darwin, Northern Territory) is an Australian dancer and choreographer who has a wide national and international reputation.",
"title": "Meryl Tankard"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Cangaia de Jegue is a Brazilian band from Jequié, southwest Bahia, Brazil. It has released albums \"Cangaia de Jegue\" (2004) and \"Você vai ver\" (2006) and a live album \"Cangaia de Jegue – Ao Vivo)\" in 2009. The band is very popular in Bahia state which is its base. The greatest claim to fame of Banda Cangaia de Jegue is their hit \"Ai se eu te pego!\". The song appears also in their promotional CD album of same title \"Ai se eu te pego!\". The song co-written by Sharon Acioly and Antônio Dyggs (and sung much earlier by Os Meninos de Seu Zeh directed by Antônio Dyggs), became a later massive Brazilian and international hit by Brazilian singer Michel Teló with slightly amended lyrics.",
"title": "Cangaia de Jegue"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Øvrebø og Hægeland is a former municipality in Vest-Agder county, Norway. The municipality existed from 1865 until its dissolution in 1896. It is located in the northern part of the present-day municipality of Vennesla, to the west of the Otra river. The administrative centre of the municipality was the village of Øvrebø, where Øvrebø Church is located.",
"title": "Øvrebø og Hægeland"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "According to Fox Filmes Brasil, which distributed the film in Brazil, \"Assalto ao Banco Central\" had a successful premiere, with more than 325,000 spectators during its first weekend.",
"title": "Federal Bank Heist"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Middenschouwen was created in a merger of Duivendijke, Elkerzee, Ellemeet and Kerkwerve in 1961. It existed until 1997, when it was merged into the new municipality of Schouwen-Duiveland.",
"title": "Middenschouwen"
}
],
"question": "In what year was the performer of Ao Vivo no Theatro Municipal born?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Violeta de Outono",
"id": 715105,
"paragraph_support_idx": 10,
"question": "Ao Vivo no Theatro Municipal >> performer"
},
{
"answer": "1985",
"id": 126539,
"paragraph_support_idx": 7,
"question": "In what year did #1 first exist?"
}
]
} |
3hop1__262651_365698_22540 | How far is Raleigh from the city containing the school where Charles Oakley was educated? | 155 | [
"155"
] | {
"answer": "155",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "3hop1__262651_365698_22540",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.",
"title": "Bogotá"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Lutsel K'e Dene School is a K-12 public school located in Lutselk'e, Northwest Territories, Canada. The school currently represents the only public education option for youth in the settlement and serves a student population of approximately 73 students. The administration of the school is the responsibility of the South Slave Divisional Education Council (SSDEC).",
"title": "Lutsel K'e Dene School"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition.",
"title": "Union territory"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Like two similar players, Charles Oakley before him and Ben Wallace (also undrafted) after him, Davis attended Virginia Union University and made a name for himself as a hard-nosed defensive player and rebounder.",
"title": "Terry Davis (basketball)"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "He was born in Ahoskie, North Carolina, the son of Lucy Peoples and an unknown father. He graduated as valedictorian of Waters Training School in Winton, North Carolina, in 1901, and attended Wayland Academy and Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia, from 1901 to 1903. He then attended Western University of Pennsylvania, (now the University of Pittsburgh) and graduated from its law school in 1909. He passed the bar examination in 1909 and married Jessie Matthews from Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, on February 17, 1919.",
"title": "Robert Lee Vann"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.",
"title": "Vilnius County"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:",
"title": "Khabarovsky District"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Millbrook, North Carolina, USA, was a village in Wake County at that time in the intersection of then Wake Forest Road and then Main Street, which is now part of East Millbrook Road. However, the growth of Raleigh since the 1970s has swallowed up the village. Milbrook High School in Raleigh is named after the village and is located in what used to be Millbrook.",
"title": "Millbrook, North Carolina"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "George Smedes York (born February 22, 1941) is an American politician. He served as mayor of Raleigh, North Carolina from 1979 to 1983. After graduating from Ravenscroft School he went on to attend North Carolina State University where he also played on the basketball team. He earned a degree in civil engineering there in 1963, and a Master of Business Administration degree from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1968. He then worked for his family construction company, York Construction. He also sat on the Raleigh City Council from 1977 to 1979. He was inducted into the Raleigh Hall of Fame in 2007.",
"title": "Smedes York"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a \"zone d'exploitation contrôlée\" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada.",
"title": "Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Murray-Calloway County Airport , also known as Kyle-Oakley Field, is a public use airport located northwest of the central business district of Murray, in Calloway County, Kentucky, United States. The airport opened in 1961. It is owned by the Murray City-Calloway County Board.",
"title": "Murray-Calloway County Airport"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Deninu School is a K-12 public school located in Fort Resolution, Northwest Territories, Canada. The school currently represents the only public education option for youth in the hamlet and serves a student population of approximately 125 students. The administration of the school is the responsibility of the South Slave Divisional Education Council (SSDEC).",
"title": "Deninu School"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Charles Edward Herbert (12 June 1860 – 21 January 1929) was an Australian politician and judge. He was a member of the South Australian House of Assembly from 1900 to 1905, representing the electorate of Northern Territory. He was Government Resident of the Northern Territory from 1905 to 1910. He was then deputy chief judicial officer of the Territory of Papua (later Judge of the Central Court of Papua) from 1910 to 1928. This role saw him serve for extended periods on the Executive Council of Papua, and act as its Administrator and Lieutenant-Governor. During this period, he served as an acting judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory in 1921. He was appointed Administrator of Norfolk Island in 1928, holding the position until his death in 1929.",
"title": "Charles Edward Herbert"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "National Institute of Educational Planning and Administration was established in the year 1962 as UNESCO Asian Centre for Educational Planners, Administrators and Supervisors which later became the Asian Institute of Educational Planning and Administration in 1965, which was later converted into the National Staff College for Educational Planners and Administrators in 1973, which was again rechristened as National Institute of Educational Planning and Administration (NIEPA) in the year 1979. In 2006, NIEPA was given the status of a Deemed to be University",
"title": "National Institute of Educational Planning and Administration"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.",
"title": "Territory of Papua"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides.",
"title": "Arrondissement of Mechelen"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Raleigh is located in the northeast central region of North Carolina, where the Piedmont and Atlantic Coastal Plain regions meet. This area is known as the \"fall line\" because it marks the elevation inland at which waterfalls begin to appear in creeks and rivers. As a result, most of Raleigh features gently rolling hills that slope eastward toward the state's flat coastal plain. Its central Piedmont location situates Raleigh about two hours west of Atlantic Beach, North Carolina, by car and four hours east of the Great Smoky Mountains. The city is 155 miles (249 km) south of Richmond, Virginia, 263 miles (423 km) south of Washington, D.C., and 150 miles (240 km) northeast of Charlotte, North Carolina.",
"title": "Raleigh, North Carolina"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1584, Elizabeth I granted a charter to Sir Walter Raleigh, for whom the state capital is named, for land in present-day North Carolina (then part of the territory of Virginia). It was the second American territory which the English attempted to colonize. Raleigh established two colonies on the coast in the late 1580s, but both failed. The fate of the \"Lost Colony\" of Roanoke Island remains one of the most widely debated mysteries of American history. Virginia Dare, the first English child to be born in North America, was born on Roanoke Island on August 18, 1587; Dare County is named for her.",
"title": "North Carolina"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Raleigh is home to numerous cultural, educational, and historic sites. The Duke Energy Center for the Performing Arts in Downtown Raleigh features three theater venues and serves as the home for the North Carolina Symphony and the Carolina Ballet. Walnut Creek Amphitheatre is a large music amphitheater located in Southeast Raleigh. Museums in Raleigh include the North Carolina Museum of Art in West Raleigh, as well as the North Carolina Museum of History and North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences located next to each other near the State Capitol in Downtown Raleigh. Several major universities and colleges call Raleigh home, including North Carolina State University, the largest public university in the state, and Shaw University, the first historically black university in the American South and site of the foundation of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, an important civil rights organization of the 1960s. One U.S. president, Andrew Johnson, was born in Raleigh.",
"title": "Raleigh, North Carolina"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Crow is an unincorporated community in Raleigh County, West Virginia, United States. Crow is located on West Virginia Route 307 east-southeast of Beckley.",
"title": "Crow, West Virginia"
}
],
"question": "How far is Raleigh from the city containing the school where Charles Oakley was educated?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Virginia Union University",
"id": 262651,
"paragraph_support_idx": 3,
"question": "Charles Oakley >> educated at"
},
{
"answer": "Richmond",
"id": 365698,
"paragraph_support_idx": 4,
"question": "#1 >> located in the administrative territorial entity"
},
{
"answer": "155",
"id": 22540,
"paragraph_support_idx": 16,
"question": "How far is Raleigh from #2 ?"
}
]
} |
3hop1__41221_53576_49385 | what was the pantheon in the city that was the center of imperial life in the empire with the oldest recorded incident of civil disobedience used for? | temple, now a church | [
"temple, now a church",
"Temple",
"temple"
] | {
"answer": "temple, now a church",
"answer_aliases": [
"Temple",
"temple"
],
"answerable": true,
"id": "3hop1__41221_53576_49385",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Some theories of civil disobedience hold that civil disobedience is only justified against governmental entities. Brownlee argues that disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies such as trade unions, banks, and private universities can be justified if it reflects \"a larger challenge to the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken\". The same principle, she argues, applies to breaches of law in protest against international organizations and foreign governments.",
"title": "Civil disobedience"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The earliest recorded incidents of collective civil disobedience took place during the Roman Empire[citation needed]. Unarmed Jews gathered in the streets to prevent the installation of pagan images in the Temple in Jerusalem.[citation needed][original research?] In modern times, some activists who commit civil disobedience as a group collectively refuse to sign bail until certain demands are met, such as favorable bail conditions, or the release of all the activists. This is a form of jail solidarity.[page needed] There have also been many instances of solitary civil disobedience, such as that committed by Thoreau, but these sometimes go unnoticed. Thoreau, at the time of his arrest, was not yet a well-known author, and his arrest was not covered in any newspapers in the days, weeks and months after it happened. The tax collector who arrested him rose to higher political office, and Thoreau's essay was not published until after the end of the Mexican War.",
"title": "Civil disobedience"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "It is one of the best - preserved of all Ancient Roman buildings, in large part because it has been in continuous use throughout its history, and since the 7th century, the Pantheon has been used as a church dedicated to ``St. Mary and the Martyrs ''(Latin: Santa Maria ad Martyres) but informally known as`` Santa Maria Rotonda''. The square in front of the Pantheon is called Piazza della Rotonda. The Pantheon is a state property, ruled by Italy's Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Activities and Tourism through the Polo Museale del Lazio; in 2013 it was visited by over 6 million people.",
"title": "Pantheon, Rome"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The peace treaty of Nöteborg in 1323, with which the Pogosta (church parish) of Savilahti was transferred from the control of Novgorod to Sweden, is the oldest written record of the settlement in the present region of Mikkeli. The locality received its present name Mikkeli after Archangel Michael by the early 16th century at the latest.",
"title": "Mikkeli"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Non-revolutionary civil disobedience is a simple disobedience of laws on the grounds that they are judged \"wrong\" by an individual conscience, or as part of an effort to render certain laws ineffective, to cause their repeal, or to exert pressure to get one's political wishes on some other issue. Revolutionary civil disobedience is more of an active attempt to overthrow a government (or to change cultural traditions, social customs, religious beliefs, etc...revolution doesn't have to be political, i.e. \"cultural revolution\", it simply implies sweeping and widespread change to a section of the social fabric). Gandhi's acts have been described as revolutionary civil disobedience. It has been claimed that the Hungarians under Ferenc Deák directed revolutionary civil disobedience against the Austrian government. Thoreau also wrote of civil disobedience accomplishing \"peaceable revolution.\" Howard Zinn, Harvey Wheeler, and others have identified the right espoused in The Declaration of Independence to \"alter or abolish\" an unjust government to be a principle of civil disobedience.",
"title": "Civil disobedience"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Imperial City () is a section of the city of Beijing in the Ming and Qing dynasties, with the Forbidden City at its center. It refers to the collection of gardens, shrines, and other service areas between the Forbidden City and the Inner City of ancient Beijing. The Imperial City was surrounded by a wall and accessed through seven gates and it includes historical places such as the Forbidden City, Tiananmen, Zhongnanhai, Beihai Park, Zhongshan Park, Jingshan, Imperial Ancestral Temple, and Xiancantan.",
"title": "Imperial City, Beijing"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "There are two major sports centers in Nanjing, Wutaishan Sports Center and Nanjing Olympic Sports Center. Both of these two are comprehensive sports centers, including stadium, gymnasium, natatorium, tennis court, etc. Wutaishan Sports Center was established in 1952 and it was one of the oldest and most advanced stadiums in early time of People's Republic of China.",
"title": "Nanjing"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Civil disobedients have chosen a variety of different illegal acts. Bedau writes, \"There is a whole class of acts, undertaken in the name of civil disobedience, which, even if they were widely practiced, would in themselves constitute hardly more than a nuisance (e.g. trespassing at a nuclear-missile installation)...Such acts are often just a harassment and, at least to the bystander, somewhat inane...The remoteness of the connection between the disobedient act and the objectionable law lays such acts open to the charge of ineffectiveness and absurdity.\" Bedau also notes, though, that the very harmlessness of such entirely symbolic illegal protests toward public policy goals may serve a propaganda purpose. Some civil disobedients, such as the proprietors of illegal medical cannabis dispensaries and Voice in the Wilderness, which brought medicine to Iraq without the permission of the U.S. Government, directly achieve a desired social goal (such as the provision of medication to the sick) while openly breaking the law. Julia Butterfly Hill lived in Luna, a 180-foot (55 m)-tall, 600-year-old California Redwood tree for 738 days, successfully preventing it from being cut down.",
"title": "Civil disobedience"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Many smaller clans mentioned within early literature seem to have been present across the rest of the subcontinent. Some of these kings were hereditary; other states elected their rulers. Early \"republics\" such as the Vajji (or Vriji) confederation centered in the city of Vaishali, existed as early as the 6th century BCE and persisted in some areas until the 4th century CE. The educated speech at that time was Sanskrit, while the languages of the general population of northern India are referred to as Prakrits. Many of the sixteen kingdoms had coalesced to four major ones by 500/400 BCE, by the time of Gautama Buddha. These four were Vatsa, Avanti, Kosala, and Magadha. The Life of Gautam Budhha was mainly associated with these four kingdoms.",
"title": "History of India"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The area of the modern city of Jacksonville has been inhabited for thousands of years. On Black Hammock Island in the national Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve, a University of North Florida team discovered some of the oldest remnants of pottery in the United States, dating to 2500 BC. In the 16th century, the beginning of the historical era, the region was inhabited by the Mocama, a coastal subgroup of the Timucua people. At the time of contact with Europeans, all Mocama villages in present-day Jacksonville were part of the powerful chiefdom known as the Saturiwa, centered around the mouth of the St. Johns River. One early map shows a village called Ossachite at the site of what is now downtown Jacksonville; this may be the earliest recorded name for that area.",
"title": "Jacksonville, Florida"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "It is usually recognized that lawbreaking, if it is not done publicly, at least must be publicly announced in order to constitute civil disobedience. But Stephen Eilmann argues that if it is necessary to disobey rules that conflict with morality, we might ask why disobedience should take the form of public civil disobedience rather than simply covert lawbreaking. If a lawyer wishes to help a client overcome legal obstacles to securing her or his natural rights, he might, for instance, find that assisting in fabricating evidence or committing perjury is more effective than open disobedience. This assumes that common morality does not have a prohibition on deceit in such situations. The Fully Informed Jury Association's publication \"A Primer for Prospective Jurors\" notes, \"Think of the dilemma faced by German citizens when Hitler's secret police demanded to know if they were hiding a Jew in their house.\" By this definition, civil disobedience could be traced back to the Book of Exodus, where Shiphrah and Puah refused a direct order of Pharaoh but misrepresented how they did it. (Exodus 1: 15-19)",
"title": "Civil disobedience"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Minden Cemetery, located in Minden, the seat of Webster Parish in northwestern Louisiana, United States, has graves dating from 1843, seven years after the founding of the city in 1836. Some of the oldest marked graves date back to the era of the American Civil War, but most are 20th-century interments.",
"title": "Minden Cemetery"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Inca Empire (Quechua: Tawantinsuyu, lit. ``The Four Regions ''), also known as the Incan Empire and the Inka Empire, was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America, and possibly the largest empire in the world in the early 16th century. The administrative, political and military center of the empire was located in Cusco in modern - day Peru. The Inca civilization arose from the highlands of Peru sometime in the early 13th century. Its last stronghold was conquered by the Spanish in 1572.",
"title": "Inca Empire"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "For almost a thousand years, Rome was the most politically important, richest and largest city in Europe. Around 100 CE, it had a population of about 450,000, and declined to a mere 20,000 during the Early Middle Ages, reducing the sprawling city to groups of inhabited buildings interspersed among large areas of ruins and vegetation.",
"title": "Early Middle Ages"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Café Comercial is a café located at the Glorieta de Bilbao in central Madrid, Spain. It is one of the city's oldest cafés, founded 21 March 1887 in the era of the Bourbon Restoration in Spain. It was a center for literary tertulias in the period following the Spanish Civil War. A remnant of Madrid's golden age, it was also one of the first Madrid cafés to employ women among those serving tables.",
"title": "Café Comercial"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Pantheon (/ ˈpænθiən / or US: / ˈpænθiɒn /; Latin: Pantheum, from Greek Πάνθειον Pantheion, ``(temple) of all the gods '') is a former Roman temple, now a church, in Rome, Italy, on the site of an earlier temple commissioned by Marcus Agrippa during the reign of Augustus (27 BC -- 14 AD). The present building was completed by the emperor Hadrian and probably dedicated about 126 AD. He retained Agrippa's original inscription, which has caused confusion over its date of construction as the original Pantheon burned down, so it is not certain when the present one was built.",
"title": "Pantheon, Rome"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Raleigh is an early example in the United States of a planned city, chosen as the site of the state capital in 1788 and incorporated in 1792 as such. The city was originally laid out in a grid pattern with the North Carolina State Capitol in Union Square at the center. In the United States Civil War the city was spared from any significant battle, only falling in the closing days of the war, though it did not escape the economic hardships that plagued the rest of the American South during the Reconstruction Era. The twentieth century saw the opening of the Research Triangle Park in 1959, and with the jobs it created the region and city saw a large influx of population, making it one of the fastest growing communities in the United States by the early 21st century.",
"title": "Raleigh, North Carolina"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ancient history is the aggregate of past events from the beginning of recorded human history and extending as far as the Early Middle Ages or the Postclassical Era. The span of recorded history is roughly 5,000 years, beginning with Sumerian Cuneiform script, the oldest discovered form of coherent writing from the protoliterate period around the 30th century BC.",
"title": "Ancient history"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Courts have distinguished between two types of civil disobedience: \"Indirect civil disobedience involves violating a law which is not, itself, the object of protest, whereas direct civil disobedience involves protesting the existence of a particular law by breaking that law.\" During the Vietnam War, courts typically refused to excuse the perpetrators of illegal protests from punishment on the basis of their challenging the legality of the Vietnam War; the courts ruled it was a political question. The necessity defense has sometimes been used as a shadow defense by civil disobedients to deny guilt without denouncing their politically motivated acts, and to present their political beliefs in the courtroom. However, court cases such as U.S. v. Schoon have greatly curtailed the availability of the political necessity defense. Likewise, when Carter Wentworth was charged for his role in the Clamshell Alliance's 1977 illegal occupation of the Seabrook Station Nuclear Power Plant, the judge instructed the jury to disregard his competing harms defense, and he was found guilty. Fully Informed Jury Association activists have sometimes handed out educational leaflets inside courthouses despite admonitions not to; according to FIJA, many of them have escaped prosecution because \"prosecutors have reasoned (correctly) that if they arrest fully informed jury leafleters, the leaflets will have to be given to the leafleter's own jury as evidence.\"",
"title": "Civil disobedience"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Imperial gallon was used in everyday life (and in advertising) in the United Kingdom until 1994, and less frequently in Canada, including fuel economy expression in advertisements and other official publications. Gallons used in fuel economy expression in Canada and the United Kingdom are Imperial gallons.",
"title": "Gallon"
}
],
"question": "what was the pantheon in the city that was the center of imperial life in the empire with the oldest recorded incident of civil disobedience used for?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "during the Roman Empire",
"id": 41221,
"paragraph_support_idx": 1,
"question": "When is the oldest recorded incident of civil disobedience?"
},
{
"answer": "Rome",
"id": 53576,
"paragraph_support_idx": 13,
"question": "what city was the center of imperial life in #1 in the early fifth century"
},
{
"answer": "temple, now a church",
"id": 49385,
"paragraph_support_idx": 15,
"question": "what was the pantheon in #2 used for"
}
]
} |
2hop__83886_63979 | Who did the songwriter for 18 by One Direction write Thinking Out Loud for? | his then - girlfriend, Athina Andrelos | [
"his then - girlfriend, Athina Andrelos"
] | {
"answer": "his then - girlfriend, Athina Andrelos",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__83886_63979",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
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"paragraph_text": "\"Drink in My Hand\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Eric Church. It was released in August 2011 as the second single from his 2011 album \"Chief\". The song became Church's first number one hit on the US \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs chart. Church wrote this song with Michael P. Heeney and Luke Laird.",
"title": "Drink in My Hand"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"Cross My Heart\" is a 1966 song by Phil Ochs, an American singer-songwriter best known for the protest songs he wrote in the 1960s.",
"title": "Cross My Heart (Phil Ochs song)"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"One More Last Chance\" is a song recorded by American country music singer Vince Gill. Gill co-wrote the song with Gary Nicholson. It was released in July 1993 as the fourth single from his album, \"I Still Believe in You\". The song reached the top of the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) chart.",
"title": "One More Last Chance"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In a 2013 interview, Duritz explained that even though the song is named for his friend Marty Jones, it is actually about Duritz himself. ``I wrote a song about me, I just happened to be out with him that night, ''Duritz said. The inspiration for the song came as Duritz and Jones were drunk at a bar after watching Jones' father perform, when they saw Kenney Dale Johnson, longtime drummer for the musician Chris Isaak, sitting with three women.`` It just seemed like, you know, we could n't even manage to talk to girls,... we were just thinking if we were rock stars, it'd be easier. I went home and wrote the song,'' Duritz said.",
"title": "Mr. Jones (Counting Crows song)"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "My Bossa Nova is the second studio album of Philippine bossa nova singer Sitti. Unlike her previous studio album, \"Café Bossa\", this album focused on more recent songs and had very few \"traditional\" bossa nova songs. Sitti also co-wrote one song, \"A Song For Penny Brown\".",
"title": "My Bossa Nova"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"Made in America\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music singer Toby Keith. It was released in June 2011 as the first single from his 2011 album \"Clancy's Tavern\". The song reached number one on the US \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs chart for the week of October 15, 2011. Keith wrote this song with Bobby Pinson and Scott Reeves.",
"title": "Made in America (Toby Keith song)"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``Fool (If You Think It's Over) ''is the title of a popular song originally publicly released in 1978 by the British singer - songwriter Chris Rea. Rea also wrote the words and composed the music of the song, which appears on his 1978 debut album, Whatever Happened to Benny Santini?",
"title": "Fool (If You Think It's Over)"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The music was written by George Gershwin, the lyrics by Ira Gershwin. It was one of nine songs George Gershwin wrote for the movie A Damsel in Distress, in which it was performed by Fred Astaire with backing vocals provided by The Stafford Sisters. The song was published in 1937.",
"title": "Nice Work If You Can Get It (song)"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"Me Neither\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Brad Paisley. It was released in February 2000 as the third single from Paisley's album \"Who Needs Pictures\" and reached a peak of number 18 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs in mid-2000. The song was previously included on the soundtrack of the 1999 film \"Happy, Texas\". Paisley wrote this song with Frank Rogers and Chris DuBois.",
"title": "Me Neither"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"Fool (If You Think It's Over)\" is the title of a popular song originally publicly released in 1978 by the British singer-songwriter Chris Rea. Rea also wrote the lyrics and composed the music of the song, which appears on his 1978 debut album, \"Whatever Happened to Benny Santini?\" The single's charting success in the USA earned him a Grammy nomination as Best New Artist in 1979.",
"title": "Fool (If You Think It's Over)"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``Did It for the Girl ''is a song recorded by American country music artist Greg Bates. It was released in April 2012 as his debut single. Bates co-wrote the song with Lynn Hutton and Rodney Clawson.",
"title": "Did It for the Girl"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Big Bad John is a 1990 film directed by Burt Kennedy. It stars Ned Beatty and Jimmy Dean, the latter of whom wrote and performed the song the film is based upon.",
"title": "Big Bad John (film)"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"Ur So Gay\" is a song released by American singer Katy Perry from her EP of the same name. She co-wrote the song with its producer Greg Wells while Drew Pearson served as the track's engineer. It was later included on her album \"One of the Boys\". Capitol Records offered the song as a free download on their website. The song failed to enter the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.",
"title": "Ur So Gay"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"(When You Fall in Love) Everything's a Waltz\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Ed Bruce. It was released in July 1981 as the second single from the album \"One to One\". The song reached number 14 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. Bruce wrote the song with his wife Patsy and Ron Peterson.",
"title": "(When You Fall in Love) Everything's a Waltz"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"Long Hot Summer\" is a song co-written and recorded by Australian country music artist Keith Urban. It was released in June 2011 as the third single from his 2010 album \"Get Closer\". The reached number one on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs chart for the week of 22 October 2011. Urban wrote this song with Richard Marx.",
"title": "Long Hot Summer (Keith Urban song)"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"That's When I Love You\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Phil Vassar. It was released in October 2001 as the fifth and final single from his debut album Phil Vassar. It peaked at number 3 on the Hot Country Songs chart, and number 37 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. Vassar co-wrote this song along with his former wife Julie Wood. They both also wrote one of his other singles \"The Woman in My Life\", which was a top 20 hit in 2006.",
"title": "That's When I Love You"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"Killer\" is a song by the American hard rock band Kiss. Featured on their 1982 album, \"Creatures of the Night\", the song was released as an A-side single in the United Kingdom. Although \"I Love It Loud\" was an A-side single in the United States, it would be relegated to the B-side in the UK. It was the first song Vinnie Vincent and Gene Simmons wrote together after the two had met. In addition to not being able to chart at all, Kiss has never performed the song live and it has only been released as a single and on all issues of the \"Creatures of the Night\" album (the song was switched places with \"Saint and Sinner\" on the 1985 reissue).",
"title": "Killer (Kiss song)"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "In an interview with Simon Cowell, it was revealed that one of the songs for the album will be titled ``18 ''. The song was written by Ed Sheeran, who also wrote`` Little Things'' and ``Moments ''for the group.",
"title": "Four (One Direction album)"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "In the kitchen, Sheeran and Wadge began writing the song at 2: 00 am on 4 February 2014, and completed it in 20 minutes. According to Wadge, the lyrical content resulted from her and Sheeran's talking about ``everlasting love '', inspired by the circumstances relevant at that time. Sheeran also revealed that the lyrics were inspired by his then - girlfriend, Athina Andrelos, whom Sheeran met in early 2014. Sheeran would later explain that he wrote the song`` in a relationship at a really, really happy point''. Immediately after writing, Sheeran recorded the song on his phone. He was keen to include ``Thinking Out Loud ''on the second album. He properly recorded the song the following day at the Sticky Studios, a recording facility located in the small Surrey village of Windlesham, and informed Wadge of its inclusion on the album. It became the last song recorded for the album. For`` Thinking Out Loud'', Sheeran sought the assistance of Jake Gosling, who produced much of his debut album and had earlier contributed tracks, four of which appear on the standard version of the second album.",
"title": "Thinking Out Loud"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``All by Myself ''is a song by American artist Eric Carmen released in 1975. The verse is based on the second movement (Adagio sostenuto) of Sergei Rachmaninoff's Piano Concerto No. 2 in C minor, Opus 18. The chorus is borrowed from the song`` Let's Pretend'', which Carmen wrote and recorded with the Raspberries in 1972.",
"title": "All by Myself"
}
],
"question": "Who did the songwriter for 18 by One Direction write Thinking Out Loud for?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Ed Sheeran",
"id": 83886,
"paragraph_support_idx": 17,
"question": "who wrote the song 18 by one direction"
},
{
"answer": "his then - girlfriend, Athina Andrelos",
"id": 63979,
"paragraph_support_idx": 18,
"question": "who did #1 wrote the song thinking out loud for"
}
]
} |
2hop__320207_69931 | When did the performer of River of Dreams play at Shea Stadium? | July 16 and 18 of 2008 | [
"July 16 and 18 of 2008"
] | {
"answer": "July 16 and 18 of 2008",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__320207_69931",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Washington Nationals are a professional baseball team based in Washington, D.C. The Nationals compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the National League (NL) East division. From 2005 to 2007, the team played in RFK Stadium; since 2008 their home stadium has been Nationals Park on South Capitol Street in Southeast D.C., near the Anacostia River.",
"title": "Washington Nationals"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Stephen Shea (born December 21, 1961 in Los Angeles, California) is a former child actor most noted for voicing the character of Linus van Pelt (inheriting the role from his older brother, Christopher) in seven animated \"Peanuts\" television specials (\"Play It Again, Charlie Brown\", \"You're Not Elected, Charlie Brown\", \"There's No Time for Love, Charlie Brown\", \"A Charlie Brown Thanksgiving\", \"It's a Mystery, Charlie Brown\", \"It's the Easter Beagle, Charlie Brown\", and \"Be My Valentine, Charlie Brown\"), and in the feature-length animated film \"Snoopy Come Home\". Stephen is also the brother of actor Eric Shea.",
"title": "Stephen Shea"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Yakubu Gowon Stadium (formerly Liberation Stadium) is a multi-purpose stadium in the Elekahia suburb of Port Harcourt, Nigeria. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of Rivers United F.C. formerly Dolphins F.C. The stadium has a capacity of 16,000 people. In 2015, it was renamed in honor of former military head of state, General Yakubu Gowon.",
"title": "Yakubu Gowon Stadium"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "River of Dreams is the twelfth studio album by American singer-songwriter Billy Joel (and his final rock/pop album), released on August 10, 1993. \"River of Dreams\" presented a much more serious tone from Joel than found in his previous albums, dealing with issues such as trust and long-lasting love. It was rumored that the themes of trust and betrayal, particularly certain lyrics from the songs \"A Minor Variation\" and \"The Great Wall of China\", stem from Joel's legal disputes with his former manager and ex-brother-in-law, Frank Weber, who reportedly embezzled millions of dollars from Joel and used dubious accounting practices to cover it up.",
"title": "River of Dreams"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``I Can Dream About You ''is a song performed by American singer Dan Hartman on the soundtrack album of the film Streets of Fire. Released in 1984 as a single from the soundtrack, and included on Hartman's album I Can Dream About You, it reached number 6 on the Billboard Hot 100.",
"title": "I Can Dream About You"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Mes Sarcheshmeh Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Sarcheshmeh, Kerman, Iran. It is currently used mostly for football matches. The stadium was built in 2010 and has a capacity of 15,000 people. Mes Sarcheshmeh F.C. play their games at the stadium.",
"title": "Mes Sarcheshmeh Stadium"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Richard Thomas Shea, Jr. (January 3, 1927 – July 8, 1953) was a soldier in the United States Army in the Korean War. He was listed as missing in action on July 8, 1953 during the Second Battle of Pork Chop Hill, and was later declared killed in action. Lt. Shea received the Medal of Honor posthumously. In 1987, Shea was inducted into the Virginia Sports Hall of Fame.",
"title": "Richard Thomas Shea"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Philadelphia Union is an American professional soccer team based in Chester, Pennsylvania. The Union competes in Major League Soccer (MLS) as a member club of the league's Eastern Conference. The club began play in 2010 as an expansion team of the league. The club plays their home matches at Talen Energy Stadium, a soccer-specific stadium located in Chester on the banks of the Delaware River. Jim Curtin is the Union's head coach.",
"title": "Philadelphia Union"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Over the River and Through the Woods is a play written by Joe DiPietro, published in 1998. It played Off-Broadway at the John Houseman Theatre for 800 performances over two years.",
"title": "Over the River and Through the Woods"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "A Midsummer Night's Dream is a comedy written by William Shakespeare in 1595 / 96. It portrays the events surrounding the marriage of Theseus, the Duke of Athens, to Hippolyta, the former queen of the Amazons. These include the adventures of four young Athenian lovers and a group of six amateur actors (the mechanicals) who are controlled and manipulated by the fairies who inhabit the forest in which most of the play is set. The play is one of Shakespeare's most popular works for the stage and is widely performed across the world.",
"title": "A Midsummer Night's Dream"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Fikret Karabudak Stadium, is a football stadium located in the city/town of Kırıkkale in Turkey, Europe. Fikret Karabudak Stadium has a maximum stadium capacity of 5402 spectators. MKE Kırıkkalespor are the main occupants of the stadium. MKE Kırıkkalespor plays their domestic home football fixtures at Fikret Karabudak Stadium.",
"title": "Fikret Karabudak Stadium"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Quad Cities River Bandits are a Class A minor league baseball team, affiliated with the Houston Astros, that plays in the Midwest League. Its home games are played at Modern Woodmen Park (formerly John O'Donnell Stadium) in Davenport, Iowa, one of the Quad Cities.",
"title": "Quad Cities River Bandits"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The song has been played at Fenway Park, home of Major League Baseball's Boston Red Sox, since at least 1997, and in the middle of the eighth inning at every game since 2002. On opening night of the 2010 season at Fenway Park, the song was performed by Diamond himself. ``Sweet Caroline ''was played at Penn State Nittany Lions football games at Beaver Stadium until August 2012, halting after the Penn State child sex abuse scandal. Performances at Beaver Stadium resumed in September 2013, however. The song is played at the start of the fourth quarter of Pittsburgh Panthers Football games at Heinz Field. In response, West Virginia University students in turn will yell`` eat shit, Pitt'' during the refrain if heard played. It is also an unofficial song of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, being played at athletic events and pep rallies.",
"title": "Sweet Caroline"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "On December 1, 2007, Joel premiered his new song \"Christmas in Fallujah\". The song was performed by Cass Dillon, a new Long Island based musician, as Joel felt it should be sung by someone in a soldier's age range (though he himself has played the song occasionally in concert.) The track was dedicated to servicemen based in Iraq. Joel wrote it in September 2007 after reading numerous letters sent to him from American soldiers in Iraq. \"Christmas in Fallujah\" is only the second pop/rock song released by Joel since 1993's River of Dreams. Proceeds from the song benefited the Homes For Our Troops foundation.",
"title": "Billy Joel"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The John Gilmary Shea Prize is an annual award given by the American Catholic Historical Association for the most original and distinguished contribution to knowledge of the history of the Catholic Church. Established in 1945, it is named in honor of the nineteenth century Catholic historian John Gilmary Shea.",
"title": "John Gilmary Shea Prize"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``Sing for the Moment ''contains samples of the song`` Dream On'' by the rock band Aerosmith. Joe Perry plays the guitar solo at the end of the song, and a sample of Steven Tyler singing is used as the chorus for this song. Eminem chants ``sing ''when Tyler starts to sing the chorus, and Eminem also chants`` sing with me'' and ``come on ''. Eminem says the words in his live performances as well. The beginning of the song samples the intro of`` Dream On''. ``Sing for the Moment ''was later released on Eminem's greatest hits compilation album Curtain Call: The Hits (2005).",
"title": "Sing for the Moment"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Live at Shea Stadium: The Concert is a CD and DVD music compilation of songs performed by American singer / songwriter Billy Joel during two concerts at Shea Stadium in New York City on July 16 and 18 of 2008. It was released on March 8, 2011. The film was produced by Jon Small, Joel's former bandmate in the 1960s groups The Hassles and Attila.",
"title": "Live at Shea Stadium: The Concert"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Beatles at Shea Stadium is a fifty - minute - long documentary of the Beatles' 15 August 1965, concert at Shea Stadium in New York City, the highlight of the group's 1965 tour. The documentary was produced by Ed Sullivan (under his Sullivan Productions banner), NEMS Enterprises (which owns the 1965 copyright), and the Beatles company Subafilms. The project, placed under the direction of manager of production operations M. Clay Adams, was filmed by a large crew led by cinematographer Andrew Laszlo. Fourteen cameras were used to capture the euphoria and mass hysteria that was Beatlemania in America in 1965. The documentary first aired on BBC1 on 1 March 1966. In West Germany, it aired on 2 August that year. It aired in the United States on ABC on 10 January 1967.",
"title": "The Beatles at Shea Stadium"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Mark Daniel Merritt (born 1961 in New London, CT) (ASCAP) is an American composer and arranger with published choral works mostly for church choirs. Merritt's commissions, include a commission in 2007 partially funded by the Kentucky Arts Council, to compose the score to the musical \"River Dreams\", which had its world premiere in July of that year. \"River Dreams\" is an adaptation of the book, \"A Long Row to Hoe\", the autobiography of Kentucky author Billy C. Clark. The play was written by Betty Peterson. In an interview with the Daily Independent newspaper in Ashland, Kentucky, the director of the play Edward Figgins states, \"Music by composer Mark Daniel Merritt captures the mood of Peterson's lyrics.\"",
"title": "Mark Daniel Merritt"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Great Manmade River Stadium (GMR or GMMR stadium) is a football stadium situated just a few metres away from the 11 June Stadium in the heart of Tripoli's sporting city. The stadium is named after the Great Manmade River. The stadium has a capacity of around 20,000 and is currently the home of Libyan Premier League clubs Al Wahda, Al Tersana and Alamn Alaam.",
"title": "GMR Stadium"
}
],
"question": "When did the performer of River of Dreams play at Shea Stadium?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Billy Joel",
"id": 320207,
"paragraph_support_idx": 3,
"question": "River of Dreams >> performer"
},
{
"answer": "July 16 and 18 of 2008",
"id": 69931,
"paragraph_support_idx": 16,
"question": "when did #1 play at shea stadium"
}
]
} |
2hop__131293_400874 | In which municipality is Kinsac, in the same state as Dalhousie Mountain, located? | Halifax Regional Municipality | [
"Halifax Regional Municipality",
"Halifax"
] | {
"answer": "Halifax Regional Municipality",
"answer_aliases": [
"Halifax"
],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__131293_400874",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:",
"title": "Biysky District"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Kinsac is a suburban community in District 2 of the Halifax Regional Municipality, in Nova Scotia, Canada on Nova Scotia Route 354.",
"title": "Kinsac, Nova Scotia"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Gornozavodsky District () is an administrative district (raion) of Perm Krai, Russia; one of the thirty-three in the krai. Municipally, it is incorporated as Gornozavodsky Municipal District. It is located on the western slopes of the Ural Mountains in the east of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the town of Gornozavodsk. Population: The population of Gornozavodsk accounts for 46.3% of the district's total population.",
"title": "Gornozavodsky District"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Dalhousie Mountain is a Canadian peak in the Cobequid Mountains and the highest elevation point in Pictou County, Nova Scotia.",
"title": "Dalhousie Mountain"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Richardson Mountains are a mountain range located west of the mouth of the Mackenzie River in northern Yukon, Canada. They parallel the northernmost part of the boundary between Yukon and Northwest Territories.",
"title": "Richardson Mountains"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Tamborine Mountain State High School (TMSHS) is a co-educational, state secondary school located on Tamborine Mountain, Queensland, Australia. Education Queensland has implemented an enrollment catchment area for Tamborine Mountain State High School.",
"title": "Tamborine Mountain State High School"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.",
"title": "Vilnius County"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a \"zone d'exploitation contrôlée\" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada.",
"title": "Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Mount Franklin is a mountain with an elevation of in the Brindabella Ranges that is located on the border between the Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales, Australia. The summit of the mountain is located in the Australian Capital Territory.",
"title": "Mount Franklin (Australian Capital Territory)"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Mountain Meadows Massacre Part of the Mormon wars Date September 7 -- 11, 1857 Location Mountain Meadows, Utah Territory, United States Deaths 120 -- 140 members of the Baker -- Fancher wagon train Non-fatal injuries Around 17 Accused Utah Territorial Militia (Iron County district), Paiute Native American auxiliaries Weapons Guns, Bowie knives",
"title": "Mountain Meadows Massacre"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District.",
"title": "Ap Lo Chun"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Céüse () is a mountain in the Hautes-Alpes \"département\" of France, elevation , making it eligible to be on the list of Europe's two-thousander mountains. It is situated in the territories of the communes of Manteyer, Pelleautier and Châteauneuf-d'Oze. It is home to one of France's most important venues for sport climbing. \"Biographie\", one of the hardest rock climbs in the world, is located at Céüse.",
"title": "Céüse"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:",
"title": "Khabarovsky District"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Mummy Mountain is the second highest peak of the Spring Mountains in Clark County, Nevada, United States. It is the twentieth highest mountain in the state. The mountain is located within the Mount Charleston Wilderness and the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest.",
"title": "Mummy Mountain (Nevada)"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Street Mountain is a mountain located in Essex County, New York, named after Alfred Billings Street (1811–1881), a poet and New York State Librarian.",
"title": "Street Mountain (New York)"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021.",
"title": "Paea"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.",
"title": "Bogotá"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.",
"title": "Territory of Papua"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Rousseau Range is a small mountain range in southeastern Alaska, United States, located just north of the Peabody Mountains. It has an area of 264 km and is a subrange of the Boundary Ranges which in turn form part of the Coast Mountains. The range is located entirely within Misty Fjords National Monument.",
"title": "Rousseau Range"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Perm (;) is a city and the administrative centre of Perm Krai, Russia, located on the banks of the Kama River in the European part of Russia near the Ural Mountains.",
"title": "Perm"
}
],
"question": "In which municipality is Kinsac, in the same state as Dalhousie Mountain, located?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Nova Scotia",
"id": 131293,
"paragraph_support_idx": 3,
"question": "Which state is Dalhousie Mountain located?"
},
{
"answer": "Halifax Regional Municipality",
"id": 400874,
"paragraph_support_idx": 1,
"question": "Kinsac, #1 >> located in the administrative territorial entity"
}
]
} |
2hop__129702_397470 | What county contains the city where Winthrop Ballpark is located? | York County | [
"York County"
] | {
"answer": "York County",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__129702_397470",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Wardville is a small unincorporated community in northern Atoka County, Oklahoma, United States, along State Highway 131 14 miles northeast of Coalgate, Oklahoma. The post office was established February 6, 1902 under the name Herbert, Oklahoma. Herbert was located in Atoka County, Choctaw Nation, a territorial-era entity which included portions of today's Atoka, Coal, Hughes and Pittsburg counties. The town was named after Herbert Ward, who was the youngest son of the towns first postmaster, Henry Pleasant Ward. The name of the town was changed to Wardville on July 18, 1907. Wardville was named for the before mentioned Henry Pleasant Ward, who served in the territorial House of Representatives and Senate and was an Atoka County judge. The Wardville Post Office closed in 2007.",
"title": "Wardville, Oklahoma"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states.",
"title": "States of Germany"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Rock Hill is the largest city in York County, South Carolina, United States and the fifth-largest city in the state. It is also the fourth-largest city of the Charlotte metropolitan area, behind Charlotte, Concord, and Gastonia (all located in North Carolina, unlike Rock Hill). As of the 2010 Census, the population was 66,154. In 2016, the population had increased to 72,937.",
"title": "Rock Hill, South Carolina"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "As early as 1959, Phillies owner Bob Carpenter proposed building a new ballpark for the Phillies on 72 acres (290,000 m) adjacent to the Garden State Park Racetrack in Cherry Hill, New Jersey. The Phillies' then - home, Connie Mack Stadium, was starting to show its age (it had been built in 1909), had inadequate parking, and was located in a declining neighborhood. Furthermore, in 1959 alcohol sales at sporting events were banned in Pennsylvania but were legal in New Jersey. The proposed ballpark would have seated 45,000 fans, been expandable to 60,000 and would have had 15,000 parking spaces.",
"title": "Veterans Stadium"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.",
"title": "Bogotá"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Recreation Park was a ballpark located in Detroit. The ballpark was home to the Detroit Wolverines of the National League from 1881 to 1888. The Wolverines won the National League Pennant while playing at Recreation Park during the 1887 season. Recreation Park was also home to minor league teams in Detroit during 1889-1891 before being demolished in 1894. The first major league baseball game in Detroit was played here on May 2nd, 1881.",
"title": "Recreation Park (Detroit)"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Winthrop Ballpark is a baseball venue in Rock Hill, South Carolina. It is home to the Winthrop Eagles baseball team of the NCAA Division I Big South Conference. The venue has a capacity of 1,989 spectators.",
"title": "Winthrop Ballpark"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021.",
"title": "Paea"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a \"zone d'exploitation contrôlée\" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada.",
"title": "Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "During the team's first season in Manchester, the Fisher Cats played at Gill Stadium, a historic ballpark in a residential neighborhood. Starting with the 2005 season, the Fisher Cats have played at Northeast Delta Dental Stadium (originally known as Fisher Cats Ballpark then later Merchantsauto.com Stadium), which is located in Manchester. The park seats 7,500 fans.",
"title": "New Hampshire Fisher Cats"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:",
"title": "Khabarovsky District"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:",
"title": "Biysky District"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Liberty Bell Junior-Senior High School is a high school in Okanogan County, Washington, USA. The school is part of the Methow Valley School District and is located between Twisp and Winthrop. The school serves the towns of Twisp, Winthrop, Mazama and Carlton.",
"title": "Liberty Bell Junior-Senior High School"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Kerry's paternal grandparents, shoe businessman Frederick A. \"Fred\" Kerry and musician Ida Lowe, were immigrants from the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Fred was born as \"Fritz Kohn\" before he and Ida took on the \"Kerry\" name and moved to the United States. Fred and Ida were born Jewish, and converted to Catholicism together in Austria. His maternal ancestors were of Scottish and English descent, and his maternal grandfather James Grant Forbes II was a member of the Forbes family, while his maternal grandmother Margaret Tyndal Winthrop was a member of the Dudley–Winthrop family. Margaret's paternal grandfather Robert Charles Winthrop served as the 22nd Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. Robert's father was Governor Thomas Lindall Winthrop. Thomas' father John Still Winthrop was a great-great-grandson of Massachusetts Bay Colony Governor John Winthrop and great-grandson of Governor Thomas Dudley. Through his mother, John is a first cousin once removed of French politician Brice Lalonde.",
"title": "John Kerry"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Canoe and the Saddle (1862) is a novelized adventure memoir by the American author Theodore Winthrop (1828–1861). It vividly describes Washington state’s landscape and natural resources as well as the tumultuous relationship between Winthrop and the Native American people he interacted with.",
"title": "The Canoe and the Saddle"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.",
"title": "Territory of Papua"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Arlington Stadium was a baseball stadium located in Arlington, Texas, United States, located between Dallas and Fort Worth, Texas. It served as the home for the Texas Rangers (MLB) from 1972 until 1993, when the team moved into The Ballpark in Arlington (now Globe Life Park in Arlington), which has been the team's current home since 1994.",
"title": "Arlington Stadium"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Mount Franklin is a mountain with an elevation of in the Brindabella Ranges that is located on the border between the Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales, Australia. The summit of the mountain is located in the Australian Capital Territory.",
"title": "Mount Franklin (Australian Capital Territory)"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Kauffman Stadium (/ ˈkɔːfmən /), often called ``The K '', is a baseball park located in Kansas City, Missouri, that is home to the Kansas City Royals of Major League Baseball (MLB). It is part of the Truman Sports Complex together with the adjacent Arrowhead Stadium, home of the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League. The ballpark is named for Ewing Kauffman, the founder and first owner of the Royals. It opened in 1973 as Royals Stadium and was named for Kauffman on July 2, 1993. The ballpark's listed seating capacity since 2009 is 37,903.",
"title": "Kauffman Stadium"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.",
"title": "Vilnius County"
}
],
"question": "What county contains the city where Winthrop Ballpark is located?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Rock Hill",
"id": 129702,
"paragraph_support_idx": 6,
"question": "In which state is Winthrop Ballpark located?"
},
{
"answer": "York County",
"id": 397470,
"paragraph_support_idx": 2,
"question": "#1 >> located in the administrative territorial entity"
}
]
} |
2hop__619298_47878 | When did East Germany and Ursula Thielemann's country of citizenship unite? | 1990 | [
"1990"
] | {
"answer": "1990",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__619298_47878",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Ursula (\"Ulla\") Thielemann (born January 9, 1960) was a field hockey international from West Germany, who won the silver medal with her national squad at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California. She was the first goalkeeper in women's field hockey to wear a helmet.",
"title": "Ursula Thielemann"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Errol Osbourne Nolan II (born August 18, 1991) is an American born sprinter of Jamaican descent who holds dual citizenship with both countries. He now competes for Jamaica as of 2012. He specialises in the 200 and 400 metres.",
"title": "Errol Nolan"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Rohingya people have consistently faced human rights abuses by the Burmese regime that has refused to acknowledge them as Burmese citizens (despite some of them having lived in Burma for over three generations)—the Rohingya have been denied Burmese citizenship since the enactment of a 1982 citizenship law. The law created three categories of citizenship: citizenship, associate citizenship, and naturalised citizenship. Citizenship is given to those who belong to one of the national races such as Kachin, Kayah (Karenni), Karen, Chin, Burman, Mon, Rakhine, Shan, Kaman, or Zerbadee. Associate citizenship is given to those who cannot prove their ancestors settled in Myanmar before 1823, but can prove they have one grandparent, or pre-1823 ancestor, who was a citizen of another country, as well as people who applied for citizenship in 1948 and qualified then by those laws. Naturalized citizenship is only given to those who have at least one parent with one of these types of Burmese citizenship or can provide \"conclusive evidence\" that their parents entered and resided in Burma prior to independence in 1948. The Burmese regime has attempted to forcibly expel Rohingya and bring in non-Rohingyas to replace them—this policy has resulted in the expulsion of approximately half of the 800,000 Rohingya from Burma, while the Rohingya people have been described as \"among the world's least wanted\" and \"one of the world's most persecuted minorities.\" But the origin of ‘most persecuted minority’ statement is unclear.",
"title": "Myanmar"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Schermützelsee is a lake in Brandenburg, Germany. It is located in the town of Buckow in the district Märkisch-Oderland northwest of Müncheberg and east of the Berlin centre. With its surface area of 1.37 km² it is the largest water in the hill country „Märkische Schweiz“ and in the Märkische Schweiz Nature Park.",
"title": "Schermützelsee"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "One of the founding members, East Germany was allowed to re-arm by the Soviet Union and the National People's Army was established as the armed forces of the country to counter the rearmament of West Germany.",
"title": "Warsaw Pact"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Legend of Saint Ursula (Italian: \"Storie di sant'Orsola\") is a series of large wall-paintings on canvas by the Italian Renaissance artist Vittore Carpaccio, originally created for the Scuola di Sant'Orsola (Ursula) in Venice. They are now in the Gallerie dell'Accademia in Venice.",
"title": "Legend of Saint Ursula"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Telman Mardanovich Ismailov (, ; born 26 October 1956) is an Azerbaijani-born businessman and entrepreneur of Mountain Jew origin. Since Azerbaijan does not allow dual citizenship, he holds Russian-Turkish citizenship. He is the chairman of the Russian AST Group of companies, which is active in many countries. Until 2009, Ismailov owned the Europe's then-largest marketplace, Cherkizovsky Market, located in Moscow, Russia.",
"title": "Telman Ismailov"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ursula \"Uschi\" Obermaier (September 24, 1946) is a former fashion model and actress associated with the 1968 left-wing movement in Germany. She is considered an iconic sex symbol of the so-called \"1968 generation\" and the protests of 1968.",
"title": "Uschi Obermaier"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The German reunification (German: Deutsche Wiedervereinigung) was the process in 1990 in which the German Democratic Republic (GDR / DDR / East Germany) joined the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG / West Germany) to form the reunited nation of Germany, and when Berlin reunited into a single city, as provided by its then Grundgesetz constitution Article 23. The end of the unification process is officially referred to as German unity (German: Deutsche Einheit), celebrated on 3 October (German Unity Day) (German: Tag der deutschen Einheit). Following German reunification, Berlin was once again designated as the capital of united Germany.",
"title": "German reunification"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Brendan Fraser as George, a young man who was raised in the jungle like Tarzan and frequently crashes into trees while swinging on vines. Leslie Mann as Ursula Stanhope, a wealthy heiress. Thomas Haden Church as Lyle van de Groot, Ursula's wealthy fiancé. Richard Roundtree as Kwame, Ursula's jungle guide. Greg Cruttwell and Abraham Benrubi as Max and Thor, 2 poachers and trackers who work for Lyle. John Bennett Perry as Arthur Stanhope, Ursula's father. Holland Taylor as Beatrice Stanhope, Ursula's mother. Kelly Miller as Betsy, Ursula's friend. Abdoulaye N'Gom as Kip, Ursula's friend and an African tour guide. Michael Chinyamurindi as N'Dugo, Ursula's friend and another African tour guide. Lydell M. Cheshier as Baleto, Ursula's friend and the third African tour guide. Crystal the Monkey as monkey.",
"title": "George of the Jungle (film)"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Albano Carrisi (Italian: [alˈbaːno karˈriːzi]; born 20 May 1943), better known as Al Bano, is an Italian recording artist, actor, and winemaker. In 2016, he was awarded Albanian citizenship due to his close ties with the country.",
"title": "Albano Carrisi"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "After Germany surrendered, the Allies partitioned Berlin and Germany's remaining territory into four military occupation zones. The western sectors, controlled by France, the United Kingdom, and the United States, were merged on 23 May 1949 to form the Federal Republic of Germany (Bundesrepublik Deutschland); on 7 October 1949, the Soviet Zone became the German Democratic Republic (Deutsche Demokratische Republik). They were informally known as West Germany and East Germany. East Germany selected East Berlin as its capital, while West Germany chose Bonn as a provisional capital, to emphasize its stance that the two - state solution was an artificial and temporary status quo.",
"title": "Germany"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Rank Athlete Nation Sport Sex Marit Bjørgen Norway Cross-country 8 15 Ole Einar Bjørndalen Norway Biathlon 8 13 Bjørn Dæhlie Norway Cross-country 8 0 12 Ireen Wüst Netherlands Speed skating 5 5 11 5 Raisa Smetanina Soviet Union Unified Team Cross-country 5 10 6 Stefania Belmondo Italy Cross-country 5 10 7 Lyubov Yegorova Unified Team Russia Cross-country 6 0 9 8 Claudia Pechstein Germany Speed skating 5 9 9 Sixten Jernberg Sweden Cross-country 9 10 Sven Kramer Netherlands Speed skating 9 11 Charlotte Kalla Sweden Cross-country 6 0 9 12 Uschi Disl Germany Biathlon 9 13 Viktor Ahn South Korea Russia Short track 6 0 8 14 Ricco Groß Germany Biathlon 8 Emil Hegle Svendsen Norway Biathlon 8 16 Galina Kulakova Soviet Union Cross-country 8 Kjetil André Aamodt Norway Alpine skiing 8 Sven Fischer Germany Biathlon 8 19 Karin Enke East Germany Speed skating 8 Gunda Niemann - Stirnemann Germany Speed skating 8 21 Apolo Anton Ohno United States Short track 8 22 Arianna Fontana Italy Short track 5 8",
"title": "List of multiple Winter Olympic medalists"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ursula Groden-Kranich (born 24 May 1965) is a German politician and member of the Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU).",
"title": "Ursula Groden-Kranich"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The reference to naturalization in the Citizenship Clause is to the process by which immigrants are granted United States citizenship. Congress has power in relation to naturalization under the Naturalization Clause in Article I, Section 8, Clause 4 of the Constitution.",
"title": "Citizenship Clause"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Rolf Jähnichen joined the Christian Democratic Union (East Germany) in 1981. (Unlike its west German counterpart, the East German CDU, as part of the country's National Front alliance was effectively controlled by the country's ruling SED party.) Between 1984 and 1989 Jähnichen was a member of the local council in his hometown of , on the edge of Leipzig. Between 1989 and 1990 he was a member of the CDU party executive.",
"title": "Rolf Jähnichen"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "On national team level West Germany played its first post-war international on 22 November 1950 against Switzerland in Stuttgart, while East Germany played their first game against Poland on 21 September 1952 in Warsaw and its 293rd and last on 12 September 1990 against Belgium in Brussels. The two sides met just once on senior national team level, on 22 June 1974, in a group game of the 1974 FIFA World Cup, held in West Germany. The game in Hamburg, in front of 62,000, was won 1 -- 0 by the guest team courtesy to a goal by Jürgen Sparwasser. East Germany finished the tournament in sixth place while West Germany won the FIFA World Cup. For the East it was the only participation while the West won the 1954 and 1990 editions as well. The two countries never met again at this level despite West Germany frequently requesting a rematch but the East declining, despite strong interest from East German players, coaches and fans. With the German reunification a special game between the two former countries was planned for 21 November 1990 in Leipzig but was cancelled after a fatal shooting of a supporter at a game between FC Sachsen Leipzig and FC Berlin by the police on 3 November. West and East Germany had been drawn against each other for the qualifying of the 1992 UEFA European Football Championship but the latter was withdrawn because of the German reunification.",
"title": "East Germany–West Germany football rivalry"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Pursuant to this power, Congress in 1790 passed the first naturalization law for the United States, the Naturalization Act of 1790. The law enabled those who had resided in the country for two years and had kept their current state of residence for a year to apply for citizenship. However it restricted naturalization to ``free white persons ''of`` good moral character''.",
"title": "History of laws concerning immigration and naturalization in the United States"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "NATO has added new members seven times since its founding in 1949, and since 2017 NATO has had 29 members. Twelve countries were part of the founding of NATO: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States. In 1952, Greece and Turkey became members of the Alliance, joined later by West Germany (in 1955) and Spain (in 1982). In 1990, with the reunification of Germany, NATO grew to include the former country of East Germany. Between 1994 and 1997, wider forums for regional cooperation between NATO and its neighbors were set up, including the Partnership for Peace, the Mediterranean Dialogue initiative and the Euro - Atlantic Partnership Council. In 1997, three former Warsaw Pact countries, Hungary, the Czech Republic, and Poland, were invited to join NATO. After this fourth enlargement in 1999, the Vilnius group of The Baltics and seven East European countries formed in May 2000 to cooperate and lobby for further NATO membership. Seven of these countries joined in the fifth enlargement in 2004. The Adriatic States Albania and Croatia joined in the sixth enlargement in 2009, Montenegro in 2017.",
"title": "Member states of NATO"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Blueberry production -- 2014 Country (tonnes) United States 262,539 Canada 182,275 Mexico 18,031 Poland 12,469 Germany 12,077 France 9,200 World 525,620 Source: FAOSTAT of the United Nations",
"title": "Blueberry"
}
],
"question": "When did East Germany and Ursula Thielemann's country of citizenship unite?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "West Germany",
"id": 619298,
"paragraph_support_idx": 0,
"question": "Ursula Thielemann >> country of citizenship"
},
{
"answer": "1990",
"id": 47878,
"paragraph_support_idx": 8,
"question": "when did east germany and #1 unite"
}
]
} |
4hop3__143391_769404_544850_170163 | What genre is album released by On the Avenue's performer in the album Cookin' it with He Is the Light's performer's record label at Montreux? | jaz | [
"jaz",
"jazz music",
"Jazz",
"jazz"
] | {
"answer": "jaz",
"answer_aliases": [
"jazz music",
"Jazz",
"jazz"
],
"answerable": true,
"id": "4hop3__143391_769404_544850_170163",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Matador is an album by American jazz trumpeter Kenny Dorham featuring performances recorded in 1962 and released on the United Artists label.",
"title": "Matador (Kenny Dorham album)"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Bach to the Blues is an album performed by the Ramsey Lewis Trio that was recorded in 1964 and released on the Argo label.",
"title": "Bach to the Blues"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Lay It Down is the 29th studio album by American recording artist Al Green, released May 27, 2008, on Blue Note Records. The album was produced by Ahmir \"Questlove\" Thompson of The Roots and James Poyser. Four tracks feature guest artists, two with Anthony Hamilton, and one each with John Legend and Corinne Bailey Rae. \"Lay It Down\" is Green's first Top 10 Album since 1973, and, according to Metacritic, has received widespread acclaim from critics. \"Stay With Me (By the Sea)\" won Al Green and John Legend a Grammy award for Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group given in 2009.",
"title": "Lay It Down (Al Green album)"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Jamal Plays Jamal is an album by American jazz pianist Ahmad Jamal featuring performances recorded in 1974 and released on the 20th Century label.",
"title": "Jamal Plays Jamal"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "On the Avenue is the third studio album by American organist Ronnie Foster recorded in 1974 and released on the Blue Note label.",
"title": "On the Avenue (album)"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Really Big! is the second album by saxophonist Jimmy Heath featuring big band performances recorded in 1960 and originally released on the Riverside label.",
"title": "Really Big!"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Antoine Marchand is a record label established in 2003 by the Dutch early music performer Ton Koopman. Antoine Marchand is the French translation of Ton Koopman. The label is distributed by Dutch Jazz and classics distributor Challenge.",
"title": "Antoine Marchand"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Easterly Winds is an album by American jazz pianist Jack Wilson featuring performances recorded and released on the Blue Note label in 1967.",
"title": "Easterly Winds"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"Miami 2017 (Seen the Lights Go Out on Broadway)\" is a song written and originally recorded by Billy Joel which appeared as the final song on his album \"Turnstiles\" in 1976. Several live performances of the song have been released. He performed this song at benefit concerts: The Concert for New York City for victims of the September 11 attacks in 2001, on the television program \"\" for Hurricane Sandy victims in 2012 and during his set at \"\". Joel has often tweaked the lyrics to the song at his live concerts, particularly at the \"Live at Shea\" and \"Coming Together\" concerts. On New Year's Eve, 2016, Joel performed at the BB&T Center in Sunrise, Florida, a city just north of Miami Dade County. At midnight, he crooned the traditional Auld Lang Syne and then immediately went into \"Miami 2017\". On the January 9, 2017 episode of \"The Late Show with Stephen Colbert\", Billy Joel performed the song with Stay Human, the show's house band.",
"title": "Miami 2017 (Seen the Lights Go Out on Broadway)"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "African Venus is an album by American jazz saxophonist Dewey Redman featuring performances recorded in 1992 and released on the Evidence label.",
"title": "African Venus"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"Cover on My Heart\" is a pop ballad performed by Guy Sebastian and is the third single from his third album \"Closer to the Sun\". Sebastian announced that this song was the album's third single in April 2007. The single was released on 28 July 2007 in Australia, set by his record label Sony BMG Australia. Sebastian performed the song on various programmes such as \"Sunrise\" and \"Rove Live\".",
"title": "Cover on My Heart"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "He Is the Light is the 20th album by Al Green, released in 1985. The album marked the return of producer Willie Mitchell for the first time since 1976's \"Have a Good Time\".",
"title": "He Is the Light"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Voice That Is! is an album by American jazz vocalist Johnny Hartman featuring performances recorded in 1964 for the Impulse! label.",
"title": "The Voice That Is!"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Top and Bottom Brass is an album by trumpeter Clark Terry featuring performances recorded in early 1959 and originally released on the Riverside label.",
"title": "Top and Bottom Brass"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "30th Anniversary Tour: Live is the fourth live album by George Thorogood and the Destroyers. It was recorded on May 4, 2004 at the Royal Concert Hall in Nottingham, England, and on October 19, 2004 on the Eagle Records label. The performance was also released on DVD, and as a CD/DVD collectors' edition.",
"title": "30th Anniversary Tour: Live"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Live at Montreux 1996 is a live album and DVD by British hard rock band Deep Purple, recorded in 1996 and released in 2006.",
"title": "Live at Montreux 1996"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Opening is a live album by American jazz pianist Mal Waldron featuring a performance recorded in Paris in 1970 and released on the French Futura label.",
"title": "The Opening (album)"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Digital at Montreux, 1980 is a live album by trumpeter Dizzy Gillespie with Toots Thielemans and Bernard Purdie recorded at the Montreux Jazz Festival in 1980 and released on the Pablo label.",
"title": "Digital at Montreux, 1980"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Ronnie Foster Live: Cookin' with Blue Note at Montreux is a live album by American jazz organist Ronnie Foster recorded at the Montreux Jazz Festival in 1973 and released on the Blue Note label.",
"title": "Ronnie Foster Live: Cookin' with Blue Note at Montreux"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Live at the North Sea Jazz Festival is a live album by jazz musician Freddie Hubbard released on the Pablo label which features performances by Hubbard, David Schnitter, Billy Childs, Larry Klein and Sinclair Lott recorded at the North Sea Jazz Festival, The Hague, the Netherlands on July 12, 1980.",
"title": "Live at the North Sea Jazz Festival, 1980 (Freddie Hubbard album)"
}
],
"question": "What genre is album released by On the Avenue's performer in the album Cookin' it with He Is the Light's performer's record label at Montreux?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Al Green",
"id": 143391,
"paragraph_support_idx": 11,
"question": "Who performed He Is the Light?"
},
{
"answer": "Blue Note",
"id": 769404,
"paragraph_support_idx": 2,
"question": "#1 >> record label"
},
{
"answer": "Ronnie Foster",
"id": 544850,
"paragraph_support_idx": 4,
"question": "On the Avenue >> performer"
},
{
"answer": "jaz",
"id": 170163,
"paragraph_support_idx": 18,
"question": "#3 Live: Cookin' with #2 at Montreux >> genre"
}
]
} |
2hop__153022_63766 | What is the name of the castle in the city Ondrej Neff is from? | Prague Castle | [
"Prague Castle"
] | {
"answer": "Prague Castle",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__153022_63766",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "By 1815, West Battery was renamed Castle Clinton, its current official name, in honor of New York City Mayor DeWitt Clinton (who eventually became Governor of New York). The castle itself was converted to administrative headquarters for the Army. Simultaneously, at the end of the war, there was a public movement to build a park in the Battery area. A 1816 proposal to construct two small office buildings at Castle Clinton was canceled due to public opposition, and the castle lay dormant for three years. Even in 1820, it was only being used as a paymaster's quarters and storage area. The United States Army stopped using the fort in 1821, and it was ceded to the city by an act of Congress in March 1822. By then, the bridge leading to Castle Clinton was frequently used by fishermen who were catching fish from the bridge.",
"title": "Castle Clinton"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "MacLellan's Castle in the town of Kirkcudbright, in Galloway, Scotland, was built in the late 16th century. It stands in the centre of Kirkcudbright, on the south side of the River Dee which flows into the Solway Firth. The L-plan castle was the residence of the MacLellan family from whom it derived its name. The family sold the castle in 1752, and from 1782 to 1912 it was held by the Earls of Selkirk. Today, the site is curated by Historic Scotland.",
"title": "MacLellan's Castle"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Wrangle Hill is an unincorporated community in New Castle County, Delaware, United States. Wrangle Hill is located at the intersection of U.S. Route 13, Delaware Route 7, and Delaware Route 72 west of Delaware City. The community was named after a feud between two early families.",
"title": "Wrangle Hill, Delaware"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The present city of Heraklion was founded in 824 by the Arabs under Abu Hafs Umar who had been expelled from Al-Andalus by Emir Al-Hakam I and had taken over the island from the Eastern Roman Empire. They built a moat around the city for protection, and named the city ربض الخندق, \"rabḍ al-ḫandaq\" (\"Castle of the Moat\"). It became the capital of the Emirate of Crete (ca. 827–961). The Saracens allowed the port to be used as a safe haven for pirates who operated against Imperial (Byzantine) shipping and raided Imperial territory around the Aegean.",
"title": "Heraklion"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Rēzekne Castle ruins are located in the centre of Rēzekne, Latvia, a city in the centre of Latgale. The castle served as a base of the local Livonian order landlords until the 16th century and also as the main military support base for battles against Russians and Lithuanians. Today, fragments of the stone walls and the foundation can be seen on the ancient castle hill.",
"title": "Rēzekne Castle"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Colonel Isaac Neff Ebey (January 22, 1818 – August 11, 1857) was the first permanent white resident of Whidbey Island, Washington.",
"title": "Isaac N. Ebey"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Ondřej Neff (born June 26, 1945, Prague) is a Czech science fiction writer and journalist. He is the founder of \"Neviditelný pes\" (\"The Invisible Dog\"), one of the earliest and most popular Czech daily news/comments websites, and \"Digineff\", a website about digital photography for amateurs.",
"title": "Ondřej Neff"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The first written data about the castle is from 1378. Its main purpose was to protect Sweden's interests in southern Finland against the Hanseatic city of Tallinn. The castle was originally built on a small island in the north end of a sea bay. The historians think that the castle was built in 3 different stages over time from the 14th to the 16th century.",
"title": "Raseborg Castle"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Mearns Castle is a 15th-century tower house in Newton Mearns, East Renfrewshire, to the south of Glasgow, Scotland. It is a Category A listed building. The castle has been restored and is now part of the Maxwell Mearns Castle Church. It also gives its name to nearby Mearns Castle High School.",
"title": "Mearns Castle"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Bled Castle (, ) is a medieval castle built on a precipice above the city of Bled in Slovenia, overlooking Lake Bled. According to written sources, it is the oldest Slovenian castle and is currently one of the most visited tourist attractions in Slovenia.",
"title": "Bled Castle"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Absolute Evil – Final Exit is a drama film written and directed by Ulli Lommel. The film stars Carolyn Neff, Rusty Joiner and David Carradine. The film premiered at the Berlin International Film Festival on 8 February 2009.",
"title": "Absolute Evil"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Pat Morris Neff (November 26, 1871 – January 20, 1952) was an American politician, educator and administrator, and the 28th Governor of Texas from 1921 to 1925, ninth President of Baylor University from 1932 to 1947, and twenty-fifth president of the Southern Baptist Convention from 1944 to 1946.",
"title": "Pat Morris Neff"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Peqin Castle () is a castle in Peqin, Albania. In the Roman times the city was known by the name of Clodiana, an Illyrian-inhabited territory. The foundations of the castle are thought to date from the Roman period, the time of the construction of the Via Egnatia. Its walls at one point had a height of around . The castle was later rebuilt and expanded during the Turkish occupation of Albania, at which time it was passed into the control of the Sipahi (lord) of the local fief, who added a palace and a harem. The last resident of the castle was Demir Pasha.",
"title": "Peqin Castle"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ondřej Voříšek (5 January 1986 – 13 August 2004) was a Czech football player who played for 1. FC Slovácko. He represented his country at under-19 level.",
"title": "Ondřej Voříšek"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ondřej Sekora (25 September 1899, Brno – 4 July 1967, Prague) was a Czech painter, illustrator, writer, journalist and entomologist. He is known mainly as an author of children books. Sekora was also one of the first propagators of rugby in Czechoslovakia.",
"title": "Ondřej Sekora"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Valley of the Bees () is a 1967 Czechoslovak historical drama film directed by František Vláčil. The boy Ondřej grows to manhood in a harsh religious order, where, with a hint of homoerotic tension, a Teutonic knight and veteran of the crusades becomes his mentor. When Ondřej eventually flees this life to which he was forcibly consigned, settling in the castle of his childhood to marry his father’s young widow, it becomes clear that his unforgiving mentor is prepared to pursue him to the ends of the earth.",
"title": "The Valley of the Bees"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Frankenstein Castle is a medieval fortification on a spur above the village of Frankenstein, Rhineland-Palatinate in the Palatinate Forest in Germany. Its name derives from the local House of Frankenstein.",
"title": "Frankenstein Castle, Palatinate"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Prague Castle General information Architectural style Baroque and Mannerism Location 119 08 Prague 1, Czech Republic Current tenants Miloš Zeman, President of the Czech Republic and the First Lady Construction started 870; 1148 years ago (870) Completed 1929; 89 years ago (1929) Design and construction Architect Matthias of Arras and Peter Parler Website www.hrad.cz",
"title": "Prague Castle"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Viborg and Nyslott County (, ) was a county of the Swedish Empire from 1634 to 1721. The county was named after the castle towns of Viborg () and Nyslott (, literally \"New Castle\"), today located in the towns of Vyborg in Russia and Savonlinna in Finland.",
"title": "Viborg and Nyslott County"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Overbrook is a neighborhood on Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania's South Hills area. It has zip codes of 15227, 15234 and 15210 and has representation on Pittsburgh City Council by the council member for District 4 (South Neighborhoods). Originally called Fairhaven, the name was changed to Overbrook when breaking away from Baldwin Township to become a borough. Overbrook is located at the edge of the city, south of Downtown, and is surrounded by the city neighborhoods Brookline and Carrick and the boroughs of Castle Shannon and Whitehall. Overbrook Borough was one of the last annexed into the City of Pittsburgh. The historic Overbrook Community Center retains its borough origins and is still used by the community.",
"title": "Overbrook (Pittsburgh)"
}
],
"question": "What is the name of the castle in the city Ondrej Neff is from?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Prague",
"id": 153022,
"paragraph_support_idx": 6,
"question": "What city is Ondřej Neff from?"
},
{
"answer": "Prague Castle",
"id": 63766,
"paragraph_support_idx": 17,
"question": "what is the name of the castle in #1"
}
]
} |
2hop__356961_56335 | In September 1914, during the conflict in which Elwyn Roy King served, where was the initial German offensive on the Western Front stopped? | First Battle of the Marne | [
"First Battle of the Marne",
"Battle of the Marne"
] | {
"answer": "First Battle of the Marne",
"answer_aliases": [
"Battle of the Marne"
],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__356961_56335",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "At the beginning of World War I, East Prussia became a theatre of war when the Russian Empire invaded the country. The Russian Army encountered at first little resistance because the bulk of the German Army had been directed towards the Western Front according to the Schlieffen Plan. Despite early success and the capture of the towns of Rastenburg and Gumbinnen, in the Battle of Tannenberg in 1914 and the Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes in 1915, the Russians were decisively defeated and forced to retreat. The Russians were followed by the German Army advancing into Russian territory.",
"title": "East Prussia"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "All Quiet on the Western Front (German: Im Westen nichts Neues, lit. 'In the West Nothing New') is a novel by Erich Maria Remarque, a German veteran of World War I. The book describes the German soldiers' extreme physical and mental stress during the war, and the detachment from civilian life felt by many of these soldiers upon returning home from the front.",
"title": "All Quiet on the Western Front"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Herbert Ihlefeld (1 June 1914 – 8 August 1995) was a German \"Luftwaffe\" military aviator during the Spanish Civil War and World War II, a fighter ace listed with 130 enemy aircraft shot down in over 1,000 combat missions. He claimed seven victories in the Spanish Civil War, and during World War II, 67 on the Eastern Front and 56 on the Western Front, including 15 four-engined bombers and 26 Supermarine Spitfires. He survived being shot down eight times during his 1,000 combat missions.",
"title": "Herbert Ihlefeld"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Königsberg, also known as the Königsberg Offensive, was one of the last operations of the East Prussian Offensive during World War II. In four days of violent urban warfare, Soviet forces of the 1st Baltic Front and the 3rd Belorussian Front captured the city of Königsberg – now Kaliningrad, Russia. The siege started in late January 1945 when the Soviets initially surrounded the city. There was heavy fighting for the overland connection between Königsberg and the port of Pillau, but by March 1945 Königsberg was hundreds of kilometres behind the main front line. The battle finished when the German garrison surrendered to the Soviets on 9 April after a three-day assault made their position untenable.",
"title": "Battle of Königsberg"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "During World War I, the German Empire was one of the Central Powers that lost the war. It began participation in the conflict after the declaration of war against Serbia by its ally, Austria - Hungary. German forces fought the Allies on both the eastern and western fronts, although German territory itself remained relatively safe from widespread invasion for most of the war, except for a brief period in 1914 when East Prussia was invaded. A tight blockade imposed by the Royal Navy caused severe food shortages in the cities, especially in the winter of 1916 -- 17, known as the Turnip Winter. At the end of the war, Germany's defeat and widespread popular discontent triggered the German Revolution of 1918 -- 19 which overthrew the monarchy and established the Weimar Republic.",
"title": "History of Germany during World War I"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Hundred Days Offensive (8 August to 11 November 1918) was an Allied offensive which ended the First World War. Beginning with the Battle of Amiens (8–12 August) on the Western Front, the Allies pushed Central Powers back after their gains from the Spring Offensive. The Germans eventually retreated to the Hindenburg Line, culminating in the Armistice of 11 November 1918. The term \"Hundred Days Offensive\" does not refer to a battle or strategy, but rather the rapid series of Allied victories against which the German armies had no reply.",
"title": "Hundred Days Offensive"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Schlieffen Plan (German: Schlieffen - Plan, pronounced (ʃliːfən plaːn)) was the name given after World War I to the thinking behind the German invasion of France and Belgium on 4 August 1914. Field Marshal Alfred von Schlieffen, the Chief of the Imperial Army German General Staff from 1891 to 1906, devised a deployment plan for a war - winning offensive, in a one - front war against the French Third Republic from 1905 -- 06. After the war, the German official historians of the Reichsarchiv and other writers, described the plan as a blueprint for victory. German historians claimed that the plan had been ruined by Generaloberst (Colonel - General) Helmuth von Moltke the Younger, the Commander - in - Chief of the German army after Schlieffen retired in 1906, who was dismissed after the First Battle of the Marne (5 -- 12 September 1914).",
"title": "Schlieffen Plan"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Karl Sutter (10 May 1914 – 14 September 2003) was a German track and field athlete who competed in the pole vault.",
"title": "Karl Sutter"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "On 23 August 1944, with the Red Army penetrating German defenses during the Jassy -- Kishinev Offensive, King Michael I of Romania led a successful coup against the Axis with support from opposition politicians and most of the army. Michael I, who was initially considered to be not much more than a figurehead, was able to successfully depose the Antonescu dictatorship. The King then offered a non-confrontational retreat to German ambassador Manfred von Killinger. But the Germans considered the coup ``reversible ''and attempted to turn the situation around by military force. The Romanian First, Second (forming), and what little was left of the Third and the Fourth Armies (one corps) were under orders from the King to defend Romania against any German attacks. King Michael offered to put the Romanian Army, which at that point had a strength of nearly 1,000,000 men, on the side of the Allies. Surprisingly, with the Red Army occupying parts of Romania, Stalin immediately recognized the king and the restoration of the conservative Romanian monarchy. (Deutscher, Stalin. 1967, p. 519)",
"title": "Romania in World War II"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Otto Sackur (28 September 1880 in Breslau, Germany – 17 December 1914 in Berlin, Germany) was a German physical chemist.",
"title": "Otto Sackur"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Elwyn Roy King, DSO, DFC (13 May 1894 – 28 November 1941) was a fighter ace in the Australian Flying Corps (AFC) during World War I. He achieved twenty-six victories in aerial combat, making him the fourth highest-scoring Australian pilot of the war, and second only to Harry Cobby in the AFC. A civil pilot and engineer between the wars, he served in the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) from 1939 until his death.",
"title": "Elwyn Roy King"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The German Army came within 70 km (43 mi) of Paris but at the First Battle of the Marne (6 -- 12 September), French and British troops were able to force a German retreat by exploiting a gap which appeared between the 1st and 2nd Armies, ending the German advance into France. The German Army retreated north of the Aisne River and dug in there, establishing the beginnings of a static western front that was to last for the next three years. Following this German retirement, the opposing forces made reciprocal outflanking manoeuvres, known as the Race for the Sea and quickly extended their trench systems from the Swiss frontier to the North Sea. The territory occupied by Germany held 64 percent of French pig - iron production, 24 percent of its steel manufacturing and 40 percent of the coal industry -- dealing a serious blow to French industry.",
"title": "Western Front (World War I)"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The 59th (2nd North Midland) Division was an infantry division of the British Army during World War I. It was formed in late 1914/early 1915 as a 2nd Line Territorial Force formation raised as a duplicate of the 46th (North Midland) Division. After training in the United Kingdom and saw service in the Easter Rising in April 1916, the division joined the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) on the Western Front in early 1917. It saw action at Ypres and Cambrai, and was almost destroyed during the German Army's Spring Offensive in March 1918. The reconstituted division took part in the final advances of the war.",
"title": "59th (2nd North Midland) Division"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Theodor Weissenberger (21 December 1914 – 11 June 1950) was a German Luftwaffe military aviator during World War II and a fighter ace credited with 208 enemy aircraft shot down in 375 combat missions. The majority of his victories were claimed near the Arctic Ocean in the northern sector of the Eastern Front, but he also claimed 33 victories over the Western Front. He claimed eight of these victories over the Western Allies while flying the Messerschmitt Me 262 jet fighter.",
"title": "Theodor Weissenberger"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Support for the conflict had never been strong in Britain, where many sympathized with the Americans, but now it reached a new low. King George III personally wanted to fight on, but his supporters lost control of Parliament and no further major land offensives were launched in the American Theater.",
"title": "American Revolution"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Result Allied victory Western Allied offensive plans delayed by five or six weeks Disastrous offensive in the Ardennes exhausted the resources of Germany on the Western Front. The German collapse opened the way for the Allies to ultimately break the Siegfried Line Soviet offensive in Poland launched on 12 January 1945, eight days earlier than originally intended.",
"title": "Battle of the Bulge"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "By summer 1918, a million American soldiers, or \"doughboys\" as they were often called, of the American Expeditionary Forces were in Europe under the command of John J. Pershing, with 25,000 more arriving every week. The failure of Germany's spring offensive exhausted its reserves and they were unable to launch new offensives. The German Navy and home front then revolted and a new German government signed a conditional surrender, the Armistice, ending the war against the western front on November 11, 1918.",
"title": "Military history of the United States"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The United States joined World War I in April 1917 on the side of the Triple Entente (British Empire, France, and Russia). Because of the necessary period of training before the units were moved overseas, the first elements of the American Expeditionary Forces arrived in June 1917. Their first actions of the Western Front came in October 1917. U.S. troops contributed to the offensive that finally broke through the German lines. With the armistice on 11 November 1918, the Army once again decreased its forces.",
"title": "History of the United States Army"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Transylvania was the first major operation of the Romanian forces Campaign during World War I, beginning on 27 August 1916. It started as an attempt by the Romanian Army to seize the disputed province of Transylvania, and potentially knock Austria-Hungary out of the war. Although initially successful, the offensive was brought to a halt after Bulgaria's attack on Dobruja. Coupled with a successful German and Austro-Hungarian counterattack which started in mid-September, the Romanian Army was eventually forced to retreat back to the Carpathians by mid-October. The Romanian armies however managed to escape the Central Powers' attempts to completely destroy them. The Battle of Transylvania also caused the replacement of the Chief of Staff of the German Army and the shifting of German attention to the region, causing German offensive operations at Verdun to cease.",
"title": "Battle of Transylvania"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Western Front was the main theatre of war during the First World War. Following the outbreak of war in August 1914, the German Army opened the Western Front by invading Luxembourg and Belgium, then gaining military control of important industrial regions in France. The tide of the advance was dramatically turned with the Battle of the Marne. Following the Race to the Sea, both sides dug in along a meandering line of fortified trenches, stretching from the North Sea to the Swiss frontier with France, which changed little except during early 1917 and in 1918.",
"title": "Western Front (World War I)"
}
],
"question": "In September 1914, during the conflict in which Elwyn Roy King served, where was the initial German offensive on the Western Front stopped?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "World War",
"id": 356961,
"paragraph_support_idx": 10,
"question": "Elwyn Roy King >> conflict"
},
{
"answer": "First Battle of the Marne",
"id": 56335,
"paragraph_support_idx": 11,
"question": "where was the initial german offensive on #1 i western front stopped in september 1914"
}
]
} |
4hop3__31642_754527_565113_20507 | A town containing All Saints Church gave it's name to a terror attack believed linked to Gaddafi's Libya. When did that town's country colonize the country containing Cañazas? | 1698 | [
"1698"
] | {
"answer": "1698",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "4hop3__31642_754527_565113_20507",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1979, the U.S. placed Libya on its list of \"State Sponsors of Terrorism\", while at the end of the year a demonstration torched the U.S. embassy in Tripoli in solidarity with the perpetrators of the Iran hostage crisis. The following year, Libyan fighters began intercepting U.S. fighter jets flying over the Mediterranean, signalling the collapse of relations between the two countries. Libyan relations with Lebanon and Shi'ite communities across the world also deteriorated due to the August 1978 disappearance of imam Musa al-Sadr when visiting Libya; the Lebanese accused Gaddafi of having him killed or imprisoned, a charge he denied. Relations with Syria improved, as Gaddafi and Syrian President Hafez al-Assad shared an enmity with Israel and Egypt's Sadat. In 1980, they proposed a political union, with Libya paying off Syria's £1 billion debt to the Soviet Union; although pressures led Assad to pull out, they remained allies. Another key ally was Uganda, and in 1979, Gaddafi sent 2,500 troops into Uganda to defend the regime of President Idi Amin from Tanzanian invaders. The mission failed; 400 Libyans were killed and they were forced to retreat. Gaddafi later came to regret his alliance with Amin, openly criticising him.",
"title": "Muammar Gaddafi"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Libya (; ; ), officially the State of Libya, is a country in the Maghreb region in North Africa, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad to the south, Niger to the southwest, Algeria to the west, and Tunisia to the northwest. The sovereign state is made of three historical regions: Tripolitania, Fezzan and Cyrenaica. With an area of almost , Libya is the fourth largest country in Africa, and is the 16th largest country in the world. Libya has the 10th-largest proven oil reserves of any country in the world. The largest city and capital, Tripoli, is located in western Libya and contains over one million of Libya's six million people. The second-largest city is Benghazi, which is located in eastern Libya.",
"title": "Libya"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ghadames or Ghadamis (Arabic: غدامس, Libyan vernacular: ġdāməs) was a district of Libya until 2007. Its territory is now part of Nalut District. It was in the northwest of the country with its capital at Ghadames.",
"title": "Ghadames District"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ahmed Santos (born Hilarion del Rosario Santos III) is a Filipino who converted to Islam while working in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia in 1991. Santos was captured by Military officials for being involved in organizing and planning terrorist activities, including preparation of bombs. He is the founder of the Rajah Solaiman Movement.",
"title": "Ahmed Santos (militant)"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "After the U.S. accused Libya of orchestrating the 1986 Berlin discotheque bombing, in which two American soldiers died, Reagan decided to retaliate militarily. The Central Intelligence Agency were critical of the move, believing that Syria were a greater threat and that an attack would strengthen Gaddafi's reputation; however Libya was recognised as a \"soft target.\" Reagan was supported by the U.K. but opposed by other European allies, who argued that it would contravene international law. In Operation El Dorado Canyon, orchestrated on 15 April 1986, U.S. military planes launched a series of air-strikes on Libya, bombing military installations in various parts of the country, killing around 100 Libyans, including several civilians. One of the targets had been Gaddafi's home. Himself unharmed, two of Gaddafi's sons were injured, and he claimed that his four-year-old adopted daughter Hanna was killed, although her existence has since been questioned. In the immediate aftermath, Gaddafi retreated to the desert to meditate, while there were sporadic clashes between Gaddafists and army officers who wanted to overthrow the government. Although the U.S. was condemned internationally, Reagan received a popularity boost at home. Publicly lambasting U.S. imperialism, Gaddafi's reputation as an anti-imperialist was strengthened both domestically and across the Arab world, and in June 1986, he ordered the names of the month to be changed in Libya.",
"title": "Muammar Gaddafi"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Now with NATO support in the form of air cover, the rebel militia pushed westward, defeating loyalist armies and securing control of the centre of the country. Gaining the support of Amazigh (Berber) communities of the Nafusa Mountains, who had long been persecuted as non-Arabic speakers under Gaddafi, the NTC armies surrounded Gaddafi loyalists in several key areas of western Libya. In August, the rebels seized Zliten and Tripoli, ending the last vestiges of Gaddafist power. On 25 August, the Arab League recognised the NTC to be \"the legitimate representative of the Libyan state\", on which basis Libya would resume its membership in the League.",
"title": "Muammar Gaddafi"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Cañazas is a corregimiento in Cañazas District, Veraguas Province, Panama with a population of 4,836 as of 2010. It is the seat of Cañazas District. Its population as of 1990 was 8,015; its population as of 2000 was 5,346.",
"title": "Cañazas"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1989, Gaddafi was overjoyed by the foundation of the Arab Maghreb Union, uniting Libya in an economic pact with Mauritania, Morocco, Tunisia and Algeria, viewing it as beginnings of a new Pan-Arab union. Meanwhile, Libya stepped up its support for anti-western militants such as the Provisional IRA, and in 1988, Pan Am Flight 103 was blown up over Lockerbie in Scotland, killing 243 passengers and 16 crew members, plus 11 people on the ground. British police investigations identified two Libyans – Abdelbaset al-Megrahi and Lamin Khalifah Fhimah – as the chief suspects, and in November 1991 issued a declaration demanding that Libya hand them over. When Gaddafi refused, citing the Montreal Convention, the United Nations (UN) imposed Resolution 748 in March 1992, initiating economic sanctions against Libya which had deep repercussions for the country's economy. The country suffered an estimated $900 million financial loss as a result. Further problems arose with the west when in January 1989, two Libyan warplanes were shot down by the U.S. off the Libyan coast. Many African states opposed the UN sanctions, with Mandela criticising them on a visit to Gaddafi in October 1997, when he praised Libya for its work in fighting apartheid and awarded Gaddafi the Order of Good Hope. They would only be suspended in 1998 when Libya agreed to allow the extradition of the suspects to the Scottish Court in the Netherlands, in a process overseen by Mandela.",
"title": "Muammar Gaddafi"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "All Saints Church is in Ashgrove Terrace, Lockerbie, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland. It is a Category B listed building and an active Scottish Episcopal Church in the Diocese of Glasgow and Galloway.",
"title": "All Saints Church, Lockerbie"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1981, the new US President Ronald Reagan pursued a hard line approach to Libya, erroneously considering it a puppet regime of the Soviet Union. In turn, Gaddafi played up his commercial relationship with the Soviets, visiting Moscow again in April 1981 and 1985, and threatening to join the Warsaw Pact. The Soviets were nevertheless cautious of Gaddafi, seeing him as an unpredictable extremist. Beginning military exercises in the Gulf of Sirte – an area of sea that Libya claimed as a part of its territorial waters – in August 1981 the U.S. shot down two Libyan Su-22 planes monitoring them. Closing down Libya's embassy in Washington, D.C., Reagan advised U.S. companies operating in the country to reduce the number of American personnel stationed there. In March 1982, the U.S. implemented an embargo of Libyan oil, and in January 1986 ordered all U.S. companies to cease operating in the country, although several hundred workers remained. Diplomatic relations also broke down with the U.K., after Libyan diplomats were accused in the shooting death of Yvonne Fletcher, a British policewoman stationed outside their London embassy, in April 1984. In Spring 1986, the U.S. Navy again began performing exercises in the Gulf of Sirte; the Libyan military retaliated, but failed as the U.S. sank several Libyan ships.",
"title": "Muammar Gaddafi"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "In 1695, the Scottish Parliament granted a charter to the Company of Scotland, which established a settlement in 1698 on the isthmus of Panama. Besieged by neighbouring Spanish colonists of New Granada, and afflicted by malaria, the colony was abandoned two years later. The Darien scheme was a financial disaster for Scotland—a quarter of Scottish capital was lost in the enterprise—and ended Scottish hopes of establishing its own overseas empire. The episode also had major political consequences, persuading the governments of both England and Scotland of the merits of a union of countries, rather than just crowns. This occurred in 1707 with the Treaty of Union, establishing the Kingdom of Great Britain.",
"title": "British Empire"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The early and mid-1980s saw economic trouble for Libya; from 1982 to 1986, the country's annual oil revenues dropped from $21 billion to $5.4 billion. Focusing on irrigation projects, 1983 saw construction start on \"Gaddafi's Pet Project\", the Great Man-Made River; although designed to be finished by the end of the decade, it remained incomplete at the start of the 21st century. Military spending increased, while other administrative budgets were cut back. Libya had long supported the FROLINAT militia in neighbouring Chad, and in December 1980, re-invaded Chad at the request of the Frolinat-controlled GUNT government to aid in the civil war; in January 1981, Gaddafi suggested a political merger. The Organisation of African Unity (OAU) rejected this, and called for a Libyan withdrawal, which came about in November 1981. The civil war resumed, and so Libya sent troops back in, clashing with French forces who supported the southern Chadian forces. Many African nations had tired of Libya's policies of interference in foreign affairs; by 1980, nine African states had cut off diplomatic relations with Libya, while in 1982 the OAU cancelled its scheduled conference in Tripoli in order to prevent Gaddafi gaining chairmanship. Proposing political unity with Morocco, in August 1984, Gaddafi and Moroccan monarch Hassan II signed the Oujda Treaty, forming the Arab-African Union; such a union was considered surprising due to the strong political differences and longstanding enmity that existed between the two governments. Relations remained strained, particularly due to Morocco's friendly relations with the U.S. and Israel; in August 1986, Hassan abolished the union. Domestic threats continued to plague Gaddafi; in May 1984, his Bab al-Azizia home was unsuccessfully attacked by a joint NFSL–Muslim Brotherhood militia, and in the aftermath 5000 dissidents were arrested.",
"title": "Muammar Gaddafi"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "From childhood, Gaddafi was aware of the involvement of European colonialists in Libya; his nation was occupied by Italy, and during the North African Campaign of World War II it witnessed conflict between Italian and British troops. According to later claims, Gaddafi's paternal grandfather, Abdessalam Bouminyar, was killed by the Italian Army during the Italian invasion of 1911. At World War II's end in 1945, Libya was occupied by British and French forces. Although Britain and France intended on dividing the nation between their empires, the General Assembly of the United Nations (UN) declared that the country be granted political independence. In 1951, the UN created the United Kingdom of Libya, a federal state under the leadership of a pro-western monarch, Idris, who banned political parties and established an absolute monarchy.",
"title": "Muammar Gaddafi"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Jamahiriya's radical direction earned the government many enemies. In February 1978, Gaddafi discovered that his head of military intelligence was plotting to kill him, and began to increasingly entrust security to his Qaddadfa tribe. Many who had seen their wealth and property confiscated turned against the administration, and a number of western-funded opposition groups were founded by exiles. Most prominent was the National Front for the Salvation of Libya (NFSL), founded in 1981 by Mohammed Magariaf, which orchestrated militant attacks against Libya's government, while another, al-Borkan, began killing Libyan diplomats abroad. Following Gaddafi's command to kill these \"stray dogs\", under Colonel Younis Bilgasim's leadership, the Revolutionary Committees set up overseas branches to suppress counter-revolutionary activity, assassinating various dissidents. Although nearby nations like Syria also used hit squads, Gaddafi was unusual in publicly bragging about his administration's use of them; in June 1980, he ordered all dissidents to return home or be \"liquidated wherever you are.\"",
"title": "Muammar Gaddafi"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Gaddafi sought to develop closer links in the Maghreb; in January 1974 Libya and Tunisia announced a political union, the Arab Islamic Republic. Although advocated by Gaddafi and Tunisian President Habib Bourguiba, the move was deeply unpopular in Tunisia and soon abandoned. Retaliating, Gaddafi sponsored anti-government militants in Tunisia into the 1980s. Turning his attention to Algeria, in 1975 Libya signed the Hassi Messaoud defence agreement allegedly to counter \"Moroccan expansionism\", also funding the Polisario Front of Western Sahara in their independence struggle against Morocco. Seeking to diversify Libya's economy, Gaddafi's government began purchasing shares in major European corporations like Fiat as well as buying real estate in Malta and Italy, which would become a valuable source of income during the 1980s oil slump.",
"title": "Muammar Gaddafi"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "In 1977, Gaddafi dissolved the Republic and created a new socialist state, the Jamahiriya (\"state of the masses\"). Officially adopting a symbolic role in governance, he retained power as military commander-in-chief and head of the Revolutionary Committees responsible for policing and suppressing opponents. Overseeing unsuccessful border conflicts with Egypt and Chad, Gaddafi's support for foreign militants and alleged responsibility for the Lockerbie bombing led to Libya's label of \"international pariah\". A particularly hostile relationship developed with the United States and United Kingdom, resulting in the 1986 U.S. bombing of Libya and United Nations-imposed economic sanctions. Rejecting his earlier ideological commitments, from 1999 Gaddafi encouraged economic privatization and sought rapprochement with Western nations, also embracing Pan-Africanism and helping to establish the African Union. Amid the Arab Spring, in 2011 an anti-Gaddafist uprising led by the National Transitional Council (NTC) broke out, resulting in the Libyan Civil War. NATO intervened militarily on the side of the NTC, bringing about the government's downfall. Retreating to Sirte, Gaddafi was captured and killed by NTC militants.",
"title": "Muammar Gaddafi"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Gaddafi was the first consultant to the Management Committee of the General National Maritime Transport Company (GNMTC) of Libya. He was appointed to this position in 2007, upon earning his MBA degree in Shipping Economics and Logistics from Copenhagen Business School.Gaddafi is married to Aline Skaf, a Lebanese Christian former lingerie model, with whom he has three children. Another child, Carthage Hannibal (b. 2 August 2008), was killed in the bombing raid of the family compound on 30 April 2011",
"title": "Hannibal Muammar Gaddafi"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Bani Walid or Ben Walid, prior to 2007, was one of the districts of Libya, administrative town Bani Walid. In the 2007 administrative reorganization the territory formerly in Bani Walid District was transferred to Misrata District.",
"title": "Bani Walid District"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Critics labelled Gaddafi \"despotic, cruel, arrogant, vain and stupid\", with western governments and press presenting him as the \"vicious dictator of an oppressed people\". During the Reagan administration, the United States regarded him as \"Public Enemy No. 1\" and Reagan famously dubbed him the \"mad dog of the Middle East\". According to critics, the Libyan people lived in a climate of fear under Gaddafi's administration, due to his government's pervasive surveillance of civilians. Gaddafi's Libya was typically described by western commentators as \"a police state\". Opponents were critical of Libya's human rights abuses; according to Human Rights Watch (HRW) and others, hundreds of arrested political opponents often failed to receive a fair trial, and were sometimes subjected to torture or extrajudicial execution, most notably in the Abu Salim prison, including an alleged massacre on 29 June 1996 in which HRW estimated that 1,270 prisoners were massacred. Dissidents abroad or \"stray dogs\" were also publicly threatened with death and sometimes killed by government hit squads. His government's treatment of non-Arab Libyans has also came in for criticism from human rights activists, with native Berbers, Italians, Jews, refugees, and foreign workers all facing persecution in Gaddafist Libya. According to journalist Annick Cojean and psychologist Seham Sergewa, Gaddafi and senior officials raped and imprisoned hundreds or thousands of young women and reportedly raped several of his female bodyguards. Gaddafi's government was frequently criticized for not being democratic, with Freedom House consistently giving Libya under Gaddafi the \"Not Free\" ranking for civil liberties and political rights.",
"title": "Muammar Gaddafi"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Islamic Museum of Tripoli is a proposed museum of Islamic culture that was built under the support and patronage of Saif al-Islam Gaddafi in Tripoli, Libya.",
"title": "Islamic Museum of Tripoli"
}
],
"question": "A town containing All Saints Church gave it's name to a terror attack believed linked to Gaddafi's Libya. When did that town's country colonize the country containing Cañazas?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Lockerbie",
"id": 31642,
"paragraph_support_idx": 15,
"question": "What terrorist bombing was Gaddafi's Libya supposedly involved in?"
},
{
"answer": "Scotland",
"id": 754527,
"paragraph_support_idx": 8,
"question": "All Saints Church, #1 >> located in the administrative territorial entity"
},
{
"answer": "Panama",
"id": 565113,
"paragraph_support_idx": 6,
"question": "Cañazas >> country"
},
{
"answer": "1698",
"id": 20507,
"paragraph_support_idx": 10,
"question": "When was #3 colonized by #2 ?"
}
]
} |
2hop__211269_3994 | In 1992, who was elected president of the country where the Singa Mwambe football club plays? | Pascal Lissouba | [
"Pascal Lissouba"
] | {
"answer": "Pascal Lissouba",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__211269_3994",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Vice President of Nigeria is the second - in - command to the President of Nigeria in the Government of Nigeria. Officially styled Vice President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, the Vice President is elected alongside the President in national elections. The office is currently held by Yemi Osinbajo.",
"title": "Vice President of Nigeria"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "After the election, Moore filed a lawsuit attempting to block the state from certifying the election and calling for an investigation into voter fraud. On December 28, 2017, a judge dismissed this lawsuit and state officials certified the election results, officially declaring Doug Jones the winner. Jones was sworn into office on January 3, 2018, by Vice President Mike Pence. Jones became the first Democrat to win a statewide race in Alabama since former Lieutenant Governor Lucy Baxley was elected President of the Alabama Public Service Commission in 2008 over Republican Twinkle Andress Cavanaugh. Prior to that, Democrat Jim Folsom Jr. was elected Lieutenant Governor of Alabama in 2006 over Republican Luther Strange. The last Democrat to win a federal statewide election in Alabama was Richard Shelby in 1992, who switched to the Republican Party in late 1994.",
"title": "2017 United States Senate special election in Alabama"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "United States presidential election in Puerto Rico, 2016 ← 2012 November 8, 2016 2020 → President before election Barack Obama Democratic Elected President Donald Trump Republican",
"title": "2016 United States presidential primaries in Puerto Rico"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Constitution of South Africa is the supreme law of the country of South Africa. It provides the legal foundation for the existence of the republic, sets out the rights and duties of its citizens, and defines the structure of the government. The current constitution, the country's fifth, was drawn up by the Parliament elected in 1994 in the first non-racial elections. It was promulgated by President Nelson Mandela on 18th December 1996 and came into effect on 4 February 1997, replacing the Interim Constitution of 1993.",
"title": "Constitution of South Africa"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Election Commission of India is an autonomous constitutional authority responsible for administering election processes in India. The body administers elections to the Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, state Legislative Assemblies in India, and the offices of the President and Vice President in the country. The Election Commission operates under the authority of Constitution per Article 324, and subsequently enacted Representation of the People Act. The Commission has the powers under the Constitution, to act in an appropriate manner when the enacted laws make insufficient provisions to deal with a given situation in the conduct of an election. Being a constitutional authority, Election Commission is amongst the few institutions which function with both autonomy and freedom, along with the country's higher judiciary, the Union Public Service Commission and the Comptroller and Auditor General of India.",
"title": "Election Commission of India"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Panama elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president and the vice-president are elected on one ballot for a five - year term by the people. The National Assembly (Asamblea Nacional) has 71 members, elected for a five - year term in single - seat and multi-seat constituencies.",
"title": "Elections in Panama"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Seven presidents have been members of a political party before being elected. Six of these were active party members of the Indian National Congress. The Janata Party has had one member, Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, who later became president, he was born in Anantapur District (now Andhra Pradesh). Two presidents, Zakir Husain and Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, have died in office. Their vice-presidents functioned as acting president until a new president was elected. Following Zakir Husain's death, two acting presidents held office until the new president, V.V. Giri, was elected. Varahagiri Venkata Giri himself, Zakir Husain's vice president, was the first acting president. When Giri resigned to take part in the presidential elections, he was succeeded by Mohammad Hidayatullah as acting president. The 12th president, Pratibha Patil, is the first woman to serve as President of India, elected in 2007.",
"title": "List of presidents of India"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Alain Émile Louis Marie Poher (; 17 April 1909 – 9 December 1996) was a French centrist politician, affiliated first with the Popular Republican Movement and later with the Democratic Centre. He served as a Senator for Val-de-Marne from 1946 to 1995. He was President of the Senate from 3 October 1968 to 1 October 1992 and, in that capacity, served twice as the country's interim president. A leading candidate in the 1969 presidential election, he was defeated by Georges Pompidou in the second round.",
"title": "Alain Poher"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Hassan Rouhani was elected as the president on 15 June 2013, defeating Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf and four other candidates. The electoral victory of Rouhani has relatively improved the relations of Iran with other countries.",
"title": "Iran"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In presidential elections, Montana was long classified as a swing state, though the state has voted for the Republican candidate in all but two elections from 1952 to the present. The state last supported a Democrat for president in 1992, when Bill Clinton won a plurality victory. Overall, since 1889 the state has voted for Democratic governors 60 percent of the time and Democratic presidents 40 percent of the time, with these numbers being 40/60 for Republican candidates. In the 2008 presidential election, Montana was considered a swing state and was ultimately won by Republican John McCain, albeit by a narrow margin of two percent.",
"title": "Montana"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "By 1990, inspired by the fall of the Berlin Wall, a pro-democracy movement arose. Pressure from the United States, France, and from a group of locally represented countries and agencies called GIBAFOR (France, the USA, Germany, Japan, the EU, the World Bank, and the UN) finally led Kolingba to agree, in principle, to hold free elections in October 1992 with help from the UN Office of Electoral Affairs. After using the excuse of alleged irregularities to suspend the results of the elections as a pretext for holding on to power, President Kolingba came under intense pressure from GIBAFOR to establish a \"Conseil National Politique Provisoire de la République\" (Provisional National Political Council, CNPPR) and to set up a \"Mixed Electoral Commission\", which included representatives from all political parties.[citation needed]",
"title": "Central African Republic"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Singa Mwambe is a football club in Kisangani, Democratic Republic of Congo. In the 2006/2007 season they played in the Linafoot, the top level of professional football in DR Congo.",
"title": "Singa Mwambe"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Singa-Mossi is a village in the Zimtenga Department of Bam Province in northern-central Burkina Faso. It has a population of 782.",
"title": "Singa-Mossi"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Republic of Cuba is one of the world's last remaining socialist countries following the Marxist–Leninist ideology. The Constitution of 1976, which defined Cuba as a socialist republic, was replaced by the Constitution of 1992, which is \"guided by the ideas of José Martí and the political and social ideas of Marx, Engels and Lenin.\" The constitution describes the Communist Party of Cuba as the \"leading force of society and of the state\".The First Secretary of the Communist Party is concurrently President of the Council of State (President of Cuba) and President of the Council of Ministers (sometimes referred to as Prime Minister of Cuba). Members of both councils are elected by the National Assembly of People's Power. The President of Cuba, who is also elected by the Assembly, serves for five years and there is no limit to the number of terms of office.",
"title": "Cuba"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Pascal Lissouba, who became Congo's first elected president (1992–1997) during the period of multi-party democracy, attempted to implement economic reforms with IMF backing to liberalise the economy. In June 1996 the IMF approved a three-year SDR69.5m (US$100m) enhanced structural adjustment facility (ESAF) and was on the verge of announcing a renewed annual agreement when civil war broke out in Congo in mid-1997.",
"title": "Republic of the Congo"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "André Billardon (born 22 October 1940) is a French politician and member of the Socialist Party. He is the current mayor of Le Creusot and used to be a Minister during Pierre Bérégovoy's term of office, while François Mitterrand was president. Billardon was a mathematics teacher prior to his involvement in local politics in the third \"circonscription\" of Saône-et-Loire. Thus, he was elected as a \"député\" for the first time in 1978. He was then re-elected in every legislative election until 1992. He was then appointed Minister for the Energy. He carried out his duties from October 1992 to March 1993. He was again elected as a \"député\" in June 1997, until May 2002. He also used to be the chairman of the \"Communauté Urbaine Le Creusot - Montceau\".",
"title": "André Billardon"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "President Mir Qanbar is a 2005 Iranian documentary film directed by Mohammad Shirvani. The film follows Mir Qanbar, an elderly Iranian man, as he campaigns in the country's presidential election.",
"title": "President Mir Qanbar"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Eisenhower was the last president born in the 19th century, and at age 62, was the oldest man elected President since James Buchanan in 1856 (President Truman stood at 64 in 1948 as the incumbent president at the time of his election four years earlier). Eisenhower was the only general to serve as President in the 20th century and the most recent President to have never held elected office prior to the Presidency (The other Presidents who did not have prior elected office were Zachary Taylor, Ulysses S. Grant, William Howard Taft and Herbert Hoover).",
"title": "Dwight D. Eisenhower"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The United States presidential election of 1992 was the 52nd quadrennial presidential election. It was held on Tuesday, November 3, 1992. Democratic Governor Bill Clinton of Arkansas defeated incumbent Republican President George H.W. Bush, independent businessman Ross Perot of Texas, and a number of minor candidates.",
"title": "1992 United States presidential election"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Mark W. Lawrence (born June 27, 1958) is an American lawyer and politician from Maine. He was born in Kittery, Maine. A Democrat, Lawrence served in the Maine House of Representatives from 1988 to 2000, first elected while still in law school. After two terms in the House, he was elected to the Maine Senate in 1992. He was elected as the President of the 118th Maine Senate in December 1996 and then elected as President of the 119th Maine Senate in December 1998, serving in that capacity until 2000. He challenged Republican incumbent Olympia Snowe in the 2000 U.S. Senate election and lost. He lost in the Democratic primary for the open seat in the 1st congressional district in 2008. He served from 2003 to 2010 as the York County District Attorney and did not seek re-election in 2010. He returned to private practice in South Berwick, Maine. In November 2016, he was elected to the Maine House of Representatives, and after a single term back in the House he returned to the Senate after the 2018 election.",
"title": "Mark Lawrence (politician)"
}
],
"question": "In 1992, who was elected president of the country where the Singa Mwambe football club plays?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Congo",
"id": 211269,
"paragraph_support_idx": 11,
"question": "Singa Mwambe >> country"
},
{
"answer": "Pascal Lissouba",
"id": 3994,
"paragraph_support_idx": 14,
"question": "Who was elected president of the #1 in 1992?"
}
]
} |
4hop3__618378_38788_25582_21116 | How many people whose name new students were once called by others live in the South American country discovered by the home of the Vizela River? | 196,000-600,000 | [
"196,000-600,000"
] | {
"answer": "196,000-600,000",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "4hop3__618378_38788_25582_21116",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Paraguay (; ; , ), officially the Republic of Paraguay (; ), is a country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to the east and northeast, and Bolivia to the northwest. Although it is one of only two landlocked countries in South America (the other is Bolivia), the country has coasts, beaches and ports on the Paraguay and Paraná rivers that give exit to the Atlantic Ocean through the . Due to its central location in South America, it is sometimes referred to as \"Corazón de Sudamérica\" (\"Heart of South America\").",
"title": "Paraguay"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "For many years until 2006, South Africa was the world's dominant gold producer, but recently other countries with large surface area have surpassed South Africa: China, Russia, Canada, the United States, Peru and Australia. Albeit, none of these countries have approached South Africa's peak production which occurred in the 1970s. Note the figures are for primary production. In the US, for example, for the years 2010 - 14, new and old scrap exceeded both primary production and reported domestic consumption.",
"title": "List of countries by gold production"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "July Creek is a creek which is located in the Boundary Country region of British Columbia. The creek is west of Grand Forks and flows into the Kettle River. It was discovered around 1860. The creek was panned for gold.",
"title": "July Creek"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Helen Epstein (born 1961) is an American writer, molecular biologist, and independent consultant specializing in public health in developing countries. She has conducted research on reproductive health and AIDS in Africa for such organizations as the Rockefeller Foundation, the Population Council, and Human Rights Watch, and her articles have appeared in \"The New York Review of Books\", \"The New York Times Magazine\", \"Granta Magazine\", and many other publications. Her research interests include the right to health care in developing countries and the relationship between poverty and health in industrialized countries.",
"title": "Helen Epstein (HIV/AIDS journalist)"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "As in many other countries, child labour in Switzerland affected among the so-called Kaminfegerkinder (\"chimney sweep children\") and chidren working p.e. in spinning mills, factories and in agriculture in 19th-century Switzerland, but also to the 1960s so-called Verdingkinder (literally: \"contract children\" or \"indentured child laborers\") were children who were taken from their parents, often due to poverty or moral reasons – usually mothers being unmarried, very poor citizens, of Gypsy–Yeniche origin, so-called Kinder der Landstrasse, etc. – and sent to live with new families, often poor farmers who needed cheap labour.",
"title": "Child labour"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Vizela River is a river in Portugal. It flows into Ave River and it is named after the city of Vizela.",
"title": "Vizela River"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "During the Song Dynasty (960 -- 1279), the country experienced a revolution in agriculture, water transport, finance, urbanization, science and technology, which made the Chinese economy the most advanced in the world from about 1100. Mastery of wet - field rice cultivation opened up the hitherto underdeveloped south of the country, while later northern China was devastated by Jur'chen and Mongol invasions, floods and epidemics. The result was a dramatic shift in the center of population and industry from the home of Chinese civilization around the Yellow River to the south of the country, a trend only partially reversed by the re-population of the north from the 15th century. By 1300, China had fallen behind Italy in living standards.",
"title": "Great Divergence"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Like other neighborhoods in New York City, the South Bronx has no official boundaries. The name has been used to represent poverty in the Bronx and applied to progressively more northern places so that by the 2000s Fordham Road was often used as a northern limit. The Bronx River more consistently forms an eastern boundary. The South Bronx has many high-density apartment buildings, low income public housing complexes, and multi-unit homes. The South Bronx is home to the Bronx County Courthouse, Borough Hall, and other government buildings, as well as Yankee Stadium. The Cross Bronx Expressway bisects it, east to west. The South Bronx has some of the poorest neighborhoods in the country, as well as very high crime areas.",
"title": "The Bronx"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The first gold rush in Australia began in May 1851 after prospector Edward Hargraves claimed to have discovered payable gold near Orange, at a site he called Ophir. Hargraves had been to the Californian goldfields and had learned new gold prospecting techniques such as panning and cradling. Hargraves was offered rewards by the Colony of New South Wales and the Colony of Victoria. Before the end of the year, the gold rush had spread to many other parts of the state where gold had been found, not just to the west, but also to the south and north of Sydney.",
"title": "Australian gold rushes"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "In the past, people at Eton have occasionally been guilty of antisemitism. For a time, new admissions were called 'Jews' by their fellow Collegers. In 1945, the school introduced a nationality statute conditioning entry on the applicant's father being British by birth. The statute was removed after the intervention of Prime Minister Harold Macmillan in the 1960s after it came to the attention of Oxford's Wykeham Professor of Logic, A. J. Ayer, himself Jewish and an Old Etonian, who \"suspected a whiff of anti-semitism\".",
"title": "Eton College"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "As African states became independent in the 1960s, the Soviet Union offered many of their citizens the chance to study in Russia. Over a period of 40 years, about 400,000 African students from various countries moved to Russia to pursue higher studies, including many Black Africans. This extended beyond the Soviet Union to many countries of the Eastern bloc.",
"title": "Black people"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Foreign students' department for Armenian diaspora established in 1957 later was enlarged and the enrollment of foreign students began. Nowadays the YSMU is a Medical Institution corresponding to international requirements, trains medical staff for not only Armenia and neighbor countries, i.e. Iran, Syria, Lebanon, Georgia, but also many other leading countries all over the world. A great number of foreign students from India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, the USA and Russian Federation study together with Armenian students. Nowadays the university is ranked among famous higher Medical Institutions and takes its honorable place in the World Directory of Medical Schools published by the WHO.",
"title": "Armenia"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Googong Dam is a minor ungated earth and rock fill with clay core embankment dam with concrete chute spillway plus a nearby high earthfill saddle embankment across the Queanbeyan River upstream of Queanbeyan in the Capital Country region of New South Wales, Australia. The dam's purpose includes water supply for Canberra and Queanbeyan. The impounded reservoir is called Googong Reservoir.",
"title": "Googong Dam"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Country House Rescue is an observational documentary series which airs on British terrestrial television channel, Channel 4. The series has also aired on BBC Canada, ABC1 in Australia and Living in New Zealand and in South Africa.",
"title": "Country House Rescue"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Now That's What I Call Music! (often shortened to Now!) is a series of various artists compilation albums released in the United Kingdom and Ireland by Sony Music and Universal Music (Universal/Sony Music) which began in 1983. Spinoff series began for other countries the following year, starting with South Africa, and many other countries worldwide soon followed, expanding into Asia in 1995, then the United States in 1998.",
"title": "Now That's What I Call Music!"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The southwest of the country is a coastal plain for which the primary drainage is the Kouilou-Niari River; the interior of the country consists of a central plateau between two basins to the south and north. Forests are under increasing exploitation pressure.",
"title": "Republic of the Congo"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "More than half of the Jews live in the Diaspora (see Population table). Currently, the largest Jewish community outside Israel, and either the largest or second-largest Jewish community in the world, is located in the United States, with 5.2 million to 6.4 million Jews by various estimates. Elsewhere in the Americas, there are also large Jewish populations in Canada (315,000), Argentina (180,000-300,000), and Brazil (196,000-600,000), and smaller populations in Mexico, Uruguay, Venezuela, Chile, Colombia and several other countries (see History of the Jews in Latin America). Demographers disagree on whether the United States has a larger Jewish population than Israel, with many maintaining that Israel surpassed the United States in Jewish population during the 2000s, while others maintain that the United States still has the largest Jewish population in the world. Currently, a major national Jewish population survey is planned to ascertain whether or not Israel has overtaken the United States in Jewish population.",
"title": "Jews"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Portugal spearheaded European exploration of the world and the Age of Discovery. Prince Henry the Navigator, son of King João I, became the main sponsor and patron of this endeavour. During this period, Portugal explored the Atlantic Ocean, discovering several Atlantic archipelagos like the Azores, Madeira, and Cape Verde, explored the African coast, colonized selected areas of Africa, discovered an eastern route to India via the Cape of Good Hope, discovered Brazil, explored the Indian Ocean, established trading routes throughout most of southern Asia, and sent the first direct European maritime trade and diplomatic missions to China and Japan.",
"title": "Portugal"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Now That's What I Call Music! (1983 -- present) (often shortened to Now!) is a series of various artists compilation albums released in the United Kingdom and Ireland by Sony Music and Universal Music (Universal / Sony Music). Spinoff series were later introduced in South Africa (1984) and many other countries worldwide, expanding into Asia in 1995, then the United States in 1998.",
"title": "Now That's What I Call Music!"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Technicolor (formerly called Thomson Consumer Electronics) claims to control MP3 licensing of the Layer 3 patents in many countries, including the United States, Japan, Canada and EU countries. Technicolor has been actively enforcing these patents.",
"title": "MP3"
}
],
"question": "How many people whose name new students were once called by others live in the South American country discovered by the home of the Vizela River?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Portugal",
"id": 618378,
"paragraph_support_idx": 5,
"question": "Vizela River >> country"
},
{
"answer": "Brazil",
"id": 38788,
"paragraph_support_idx": 17,
"question": "What South American country did #1 discover?"
},
{
"answer": "'Jews'",
"id": 25582,
"paragraph_support_idx": 9,
"question": "What were new students once called by others?"
},
{
"answer": "196,000-600,000",
"id": 21116,
"paragraph_support_idx": 16,
"question": "How many #3 live in #2 ?"
}
]
} |
3hop1__450185_102686_158690 | How long is the border between Kazakhstan and the country that the spouse of Kseniya Boguslavskaya is from? | 6,846 kilometres | [
"6,846 kilometres"
] | {
"answer": "6,846 kilometres",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "3hop1__450185_102686_158690",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Long Creek Bridge is a bridge that spans across Long Creek. It is from the Canada–United States border and from Estevan, Saskatchewan, Canada. The bridge was originally a wooden bridge that had reached the end of its useful life, and in 2009 work started on a new precast, pre-stressed concrete bridge as part of the federal government's National Action Plan.",
"title": "Long Creek Bridge"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Morris Lake is a long shallow lake in Nova Scotia's Halifax Regional Municipality bordering the communities of Dartmouth, Shearwater and Cole Harbour.",
"title": "Morris Lake (Nova Scotia)"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Cascade Falls is a waterfall on the Kettle River in the Boundary Country of the Southern Interior of British Columbia. They are located just south of Christina Lake and just north of the Canada–United States border in a gorge 200-300 yards long and just below the railway bridge over the Kettle by the southern mainline of the Canadian Pacific Railway. The ghost town of Cascade City aka Cascade is nearby and was named for the falls, even though they were not officially named until 1977.",
"title": "Cascade Falls (Kettle River)"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "With Switzerland joining the Schengen Treaty in March 2009, the air side was rearranged to include a Schengen and non-Schengen zone. As border control is staffed by both Swiss and French border officers, passengers departing to or arriving from non-Schengen countries may receive either a Swiss or French passport stamp, depending on which officer they happen to approach.",
"title": "EuroAirport Basel Mulhouse Freiburg"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Ivan Puni was born in Kuokkala (then Grand Duchy of Finland in the Russian Empire, now Repino in Russia) to a family of Italian origins. He is the grandson of an eminent Italian composer of ballet music, Cesare Pugni.",
"title": "Ivan Puni"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Born in St. Petersburg, she studied art in Paris from 1911 to 1913. She returned to St. Petersburg in 1913 and married Ivan Puni. Their apartment in St Petersburg became a meeting place for avant-garde artists and poets. With Puni she published the cubo-futurist booklet \"Roaring Parnassus\" («Рыкающий Парнас») in 1914.",
"title": "Kseniya Boguslavskaya"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The removal of Hungary's border fence with Austria occurred in 1989 during the collapse of communism in Hungary, which was part of a broad wave of revolutions in various communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe. The dismantling of the electric fence along Hungary's 240 kilometres (149 mi) long border with Austria was the first fissure in the ``Iron Curtain ''that had divided Europe for more than 40 years, since the end of World War II, and caused a chain reaction in East Germany that ultimately resulted in the demise of the Berlin Wall.",
"title": "Removal of Hungary's border fence with Austria"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Relocating his court from Jianzhou to Liaodong provided Nurhachi access to more resources; it also brought him in close contact with the Khorchin Mongol domains on the plains of Mongolia. Although by this time the once-united Mongol nation had long since fragmented into individual and hostile tribes, these tribes still presented a serious security threat to the Ming borders. Nurhachi's policy towards the Khorchins was to seek their friendship and cooperation against the Ming, securing his western border from a powerful potential enemy.",
"title": "Qing dynasty"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Fort Salonga is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Suffolk County, New York on the North Shore of Long Island. At the 2010 census, the CDP population was 10,008. The name evolved from the Revolutionary War-era British Fort Salonga, or Fort Slongo, (named after one of the fort’s architects) once located near the border of the towns of Huntington and Smithtown, overlooking Long Island Sound.",
"title": "Fort Salonga, New York"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Toce () is a river in Piedmont, Italy, which stretches the length of the Val d'Ossola from the Swiss border to Lake Maggiore into which it debouches near Fondotoce in the commune of Verbania. The river is long and is formed in the upper Val Formazza by the confluence of a number of torrents in the plain of Riale.",
"title": "Toce"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "China shares international borders with 14 sovereign states. In addition, there is a 30 - km border with the special administrative region of Hong Kong, which was a British dependency before 1997, and a 3 km border with Macau, a Portuguese territory until 1999. With a land border of 22,117 kilometres (13,743 mi) in total it also has the longest land border of any country.",
"title": "Borders of China"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Pembina River is a tributary of the Red River of the North, approximately long, in southern Manitoba in Canada and northeastern North Dakota in the United States. It drains an area (about 8500 square kilometers) of the prairie country along the Canada–US border, threading the Manitoba-North Dakota border eastward to the Red River. Via the Red River, Lake Winnipeg and the Nelson River, it is part of the watershed of Hudson Bay.",
"title": "Pembina River (Manitoba – North Dakota)"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Mount Sanford of south-central Connecticut, est. , is the high point on a long traprock mountain ridge located northwest of the city of New Haven. Mount Sanford is part of the narrow, linear Metacomet Ridge that extends from Long Island Sound near New Haven, north through the Connecticut River Valley of Massachusetts to the Vermont border. The Metacomet Ridge continues north from Mount Sanford as Peck Mountain and south as Mad Mare Hill and West Rock Ridge.",
"title": "Mount Sanford (Connecticut)"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "CMS is 21.6 metres long, 15 m in diameter, and weighs about 14,000 tonnes. Approximately 3,800 people, representing 199 scientific institutes and 43 countries, form the CMS collaboration who built and now operate the detector. It is located in an underground cavern at Cessy in France, just across the border from Geneva. In July 2012, along with ATLAS, CMS tentatively discovered the Higgs boson..",
"title": "Compact Muon Solenoid"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Canada ( ) is a country in the northern part of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering , making it the world's second-largest country by total area. Its southern border with the United States, stretching some , is the world's longest bi-national land border. Canada's capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver.",
"title": "Canada"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The A13 highway is a highway in Nigeria. It runs from Jimeta on the Benue River in Adamawa State north, close to the eastern border of the country, to join the A4 highway near Bama in Borno State.",
"title": "A13 highway (Nigeria)"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Latvia ( or ; , ), officially the Republic of Latvia (, ), is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. Since its independence, Latvia has been referred to as one of the Baltic states. It is bordered by Estonia to the north, Lithuania to the south, Russia to the east, and Belarus to the southeast, and shares a maritime border with Sweden to the west. Latvia has 1,957,200 inhabitants and a territory of . The country has a temperate seasonal climate.",
"title": "Latvia"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Alberta Provincial Highway No. 12, commonly referred to as Highway 12, is an east-west highway through central Alberta. It runs from Highway 22, through Lacombe and Stettler, to the Alberta-Saskatchewan border. It generally runs parallel to Highway 13 to the north. Highway 12 is about long.",
"title": "Alberta Highway 12"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "It shares borders of 6,846 kilometres (4,254 mi) with Russia, 2,203 kilometres (1,369 mi) with Uzbekistan, 1,533 kilometres (953 mi) with China, 1,051 kilometres (653 mi) with Kyrgyzstan, and 379 kilometres (235 mi) with Turkmenistan. Major cities include Nur-Sultan, Almaty, Karagandy, Shymkent, Atyrau, and Oskemen. It lies between latitudes 40° and 56° N, and longitudes 46° and 88° E. While located primarily in Asia, a small portion of Kazakhstan is also located west of the Urals in Eastern Europe.Kazakhstan's terrain extends west to east from the Caspian Sea to the Altay Mountains and north to south from the plains of Western Siberia to the oases and deserts of Central Asia. The Kazakh Steppe (plain), with an area of around 804,500 square kilometres (310,600 sq mi), occupies one-third of the country and is the world's largest dry steppe region. The steppe is characterised by large areas of grasslands and sandy regions. Major seas, lakes and rivers include the Aral Sea, Lake Balkhash and Lake Zaysan, the Charyn River and gorge and the Ili, Irtysh, Ishim, Ural and Syr Darya rivers.",
"title": "Kazakhstan"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The North Finland Group () was a formation of the Finnish Army during the Winter War. It was responsible for an almost 800-kilometer-long border from the town of Lieksa to the Arctic Ocean. The group was under the command of Major General Wiljo Tuompo, and its headquarters was located in Kajaani.",
"title": "North Finland Group"
}
],
"question": "How long is the border between Kazakhstan and the country that the spouse of Kseniya Boguslavskaya is from?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Ivan Puni",
"id": 450185,
"paragraph_support_idx": 5,
"question": "Kseniya Boguslavskaya >> spouse"
},
{
"answer": "Russia",
"id": 102686,
"paragraph_support_idx": 4,
"question": "What country is #1 from?"
},
{
"answer": "6,846 kilometres",
"id": 158690,
"paragraph_support_idx": 18,
"question": "How long is the border with #2 ?"
}
]
} |
2hop__145865_126070 | Who was in charge of the city where Agustín Cárdenas died? | Marta Hernández Romero | [
"Marta Hernández Romero"
] | {
"answer": "Marta Hernández Romero",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__145865_126070",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Virgilio Piñera Llera (Cárdenas, Cuba, August 4, 1912 – Havana, October 18, 1979) was a Cuban author, playwright, poet, short-story writer, and essayist.",
"title": "Virgilio Piñera"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Agustín Rubín de Ceballos (July 24, 1724 – February 8, 1793) was a Spanish churchman who was Bishop of Jaén from 1780 to 1793 and Grand Inquisitor of Spain from 1784 to 1793.",
"title": "Agustín Rubín de Ceballos"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Aside from his diplomatic activities, Zozaya served as attorney-in-fact of Agustín de Iturbide, as congressman for Guanajuato (1820), as auditor for the Army, and operated the first paper mill in the history of Mexico.",
"title": "José Manuel Zozaya"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "St. Augustine (Spanish: San Agustín) is a city in the Southeastern United States, on the Atlantic coast of northeastern Florida. Founded in 1565 by Spanish explorers, it is the oldest continuously inhabited European - established settlement within the borders of the continental United States.",
"title": "St. Augustine, Florida"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "XHLAC-FM is a radio station in Lázaro Cárdenas, Michoacán. Broadcasting on 99.7 FM, XHLAC-FM is owned by the Instituto Mexicano de la Radio and broadcasts a music and information format under the name \"Radio Azul\".",
"title": "XHLAC-FM"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Agustín Cárdenas Alfonso (April 10, 1927, Matanzas, Cuba – February 9, 2001, Havana, Cuba) was a Cuban sculptor who was active in the Surrealist movement in Paris. His sculpture was influenced by Brâncuși, Henry Moore, and Jean Arp. Poet André Breton said of his artistic hand that it was \"efficient as a dragonfly.\"",
"title": "Agustín Cárdenas"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Maximilian was deeply dissatisfied with General Bazaine's decision to abandon the state capital of Chihuahua and immediately ordered Agustín B. Billaut to recapture the city. On December 11, 1865, Billaut with a force of 500 men took control of the city. By January 31, 1866 Billaut was ordered to leave Chihuahua, but he left behind 500 men to maintain control. At the zenith of their power, the imperialist forces controlled all but four states in Mexico; the only states to maintain strong opposition to the French were: Guerrero, Chihuahua, Sonora, and Baja California.",
"title": "Chihuahua (state)"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "President Lázaro Cárdenas passed the 1934 Agrarian Code and accelerated the pace of land reform. He helped redistribute 45,000,000 acres (180,000 km) of land, 4,000,000 acres (16,000 km) of which were expropriated from American owned agricultural property. This caused conflict between Mexico and the United States. Cárdenas employed tactics of noncompliance and deception to gain leverage in this international dispute.",
"title": "Land reform in Mexico"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Agustín Caloca Cortés (May 5, 1898 – May 25, 1927) was one of the martyrs of Mexico during the Cristero War.",
"title": "Agustín Caloca Cortés"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The current mayor of Havana (\"President of the People's Power Provincial Assembly\") is Marta Hernández Romero, she was elected on March 5, 2011.",
"title": "Havana"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Estadio Agustín Tovar, also known as Estadio La Carolina, is a multi-purpose stadium in Barinas, Venezuela. It is currently used mostly for football matches and it is the home stadium of Zamora FC. The stadium holds 30,000 people and was completed in 2007.",
"title": "Estadio Agustín Tovar"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The first road connecting the city to the mainland at Pleasantville was completed in 1870 and charged a 30-cent toll. Albany Avenue was the first road to the mainland that was available without a toll.",
"title": "Atlantic City, New Jersey"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Agustín de Betancourt y Molina (; ; 1 February 1758 – 24 July 1824) was a prominent Spanish engineer, who worked in Spain, France and Russia. His work ranged from steam engines and balloons to structural engineering and urban planning. As an educator, Betancourt founded and managed the Spanish Corps of Engineers and the Saint Petersburg Institute of Communications Engineers. As an urban planner and construction manager, Betancourt supervised planning and construction in Saint Petersburg, Kronstadt, Nizhny Novgorod and other Russian cities.",
"title": "Agustín de Betancourt"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Metro Bellas Artes is a station along Line 2 and of the Mexico City Metro system. It is located in the Colonia Centro district of the Cuauhtémoc borough of Mexico City, on the junction of Avenida Juárez and Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas, on the eastern end of the Alameda Central, west of the city centre. The Line 2 section of the station was among the first to be opened in the system on 14 September 1970; the transfer with Line 8 was inaugurated on 20 July 1994.",
"title": "Metro Bellas Artes"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Giardino Botanico delle Alpi Orientali (6.25 hectares), also known as the Giardino Botanico di Monte Faverghera, is an alpine botanical garden located in the Corpo Forestale dello Stato die Belluno on Monte Faverghera, southeast of Nevegal, Province of Belluno, Veneto, Italy. It is open daily except Mondays in the warmer months; an admission fee is charged.",
"title": "Giardino Botanico delle Alpi Orientali"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "José Agustín Goytisolo Gay (Barcelona, 13 April 1928 – 19 March 1999) was a Spanish poet, scholar and essayist. He was the brother of Juan Goytisolo and Luis Goytisolo, also writers.",
"title": "José Agustín Goytisolo"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "It existed from the signing of the Treaty of Córdoba and the declaration of Independence of the Mexican Empire in September 1821 until the emperor's abdication in March 1823 when the Provisional Government took power and the First Mexican Republic was proclaimed in 1824. The first and only monarch of the state was Agustín de Iturbide, reigning as Agustín I of Mexico, for less than eight months. The empire was briefly reestablished by the French in 1863.",
"title": "First Mexican Empire"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1562 Francisco de Ibarra headed a personal expedition in search of the mythical cities of Cibola and Quivira; he traveled through the present-day state of Chihuahua. Francisco de Ibarra is thought to have been the first European to see the ruins of Paquime. In 1564 Rodrigo de Río de Loza, a lieutenant under Francisco de Ibarra, stayed behind after the expedition and found gold at the foot of the mountains of the Sierra Madre Occidental; he founded the first Spanish city in the region, Santa Barbara in 1567 by bringing 400 European families to the settlement. A few years later in 1569 Franciscan missionaries led by Fray Agustín Rodríguez from the coast of Sinaloa and the state of Durango founded the first mission in the state in Valle de San Bartolomé (present-day Valle de Allende). Fray Agustín Rodríguez evangelized the native population until 1581. Between 1586 and 1588 a epidemic caused a temporary exodus of the small population in the territory of Nueva Vizcaya.",
"title": "Chihuahua (state)"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Jorge de Cárdenas Plá (born January 2, 1933 in Havana, Cuba) is a Cuban former Olympic sailor. He competed in three Olympic Games in the Finn and Star classes, in 1952 he finished 24th in the Finn class, in 1956 he finished 6th in the Star class crewing for his father Carlos de Cárdenas Culmell and in 1960 he finished 13th in the Star class together with his brother Carlos de Cárdenas Plá. He also has a silver medal from the 1955 Star World Championships and a bronze medal from the 1956 edition.",
"title": "Jorge de Cárdenas"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Agustín Aragón León (August 28, 1870 – March 30, 1954) was a Mexican politician born in Jonacatepec, Morelos, serving in the Chamber of Deputies. He was also an avid educator and promoter of the positivist ideology in Mexico. He was the founder and editor of the magazine \"Revista Positiva\". His remains were interred at the Panteón de Dolores in Mexico City, in the Rotunda of Illustrious Persons on March 31, 1954.",
"title": "Agustín Aragón León"
}
],
"question": "Who was in charge of the city where Agustín Cárdenas died?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Havana",
"id": 145865,
"paragraph_support_idx": 5,
"question": "In what city did Agustín Cárdenas die?"
},
{
"answer": "Marta Hernández Romero",
"id": 126070,
"paragraph_support_idx": 9,
"question": "Who was in charge of #1 ?"
}
]
} |
2hop__413638_31296 | What Confederate general failed to capture the Union Fort at the city where Baker Peters House is located? | James Longstreet | [
"James Longstreet"
] | {
"answer": "James Longstreet",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__413638_31296",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The two armies suffered between 46,000 and 51,000 casualties. Union casualties were 23,055 (3,155 killed, 14,531 wounded, 5,369 captured or missing), while Confederate casualties are more difficult to estimate. Many authors have referred to as many as 28,000 Confederate casualties, and Busey and Martin's more recent 2005 work, Regimental Strengths and Losses at Gettysburg, documents 23,231 (4,708 killed, 12,693 wounded, 5,830 captured or missing). Nearly a third of Lee's general officers were killed, wounded, or captured. The casualties for both sides during the entire campaign were 57,225.",
"title": "Battle of Gettysburg"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "During the American Civil War, Jacksonville was a key supply point for hogs and cattle being shipped from Florida to aid the Confederate cause. The city was blockaded by Union forces, who gained control of the nearby Fort Clinch. Though no battles were fought in Jacksonville proper, the city changed hands several times between Union and Confederate forces. The Skirmish of the Brick Church in 1862 just outside Jacksonville proper resulted in the first Confederate victory in Florida. In February 1864 Union forces left Jacksonville and confronted a Confederate Army at the Battle of Olustee resulting in a Confederate victory. Union forces then retreated to Jacksonville and held the city for the remainder of the war. In March 1864 a Confederate cavalry confronted a Union expedition resulting in the Battle of Cedar Creek. Warfare and the long occupation left the city disrupted after the war.",
"title": "Jacksonville, Florida"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The First Battle of Fort Sumter began on April 12, 1861, when Confederate artillery fired on the Union garrison. These were the first shots of the war and continued all day, watched by many civilians in a celebratory spirit. The fort had been cut off from its supply line and surrendered the next day. The Second Battle of Fort Sumter (September 8, 1863) was a failed attempt by the Union to retake the fort, dogged by a rivalry between army and navy commanders. Although the fort was reduced to rubble, it remained in Confederate hands until it was evacuated as General Sherman marched through South Carolina in February 1865.",
"title": "Fort Sumter"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "USS \"Bermuda\" (1861) was a large steamer captured by the Union Navy during the American Civil War. She was used by the Union Navy as a cargo and general transport ship in support of the Union Navy blockade of Confederate waterways, primarily in Florida and the Gulf of Mexico. However, despite being a valuable cargo ship, she proved very adept at capturing blockade runners as her record proves.",
"title": "USS Bermuda"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Benjamin Franklin Gordon (May 18, 1826 – September 22, 1866) was a Confederate States Army colonel during the American Civil War (Civil War). Gordon had been a private and bugler for a Missouri regiment serving in the U.S. Army during the Mexican–American War. Gordon served in the Confederate Army under Brigadier General Joseph O. \"Jo\" Shelby in Missouri and Arkansas in the Confederate Trans-Mississippi Department throughout the war. On May 16, 1865, with the war coming to an end, General E. Kirby Smith, as the Confederate commander of the Trans-Mississippi Department, assigned Gordon to duty as a brigadier general. The Confederate government took no action on the appointment and Confederate President Jefferson Davis did not officially appoint and nominate Gordon to the rank of brigadier general because the Confederate Senate last met on March 18, 1865, and Davis was captured by Union troops on May 10, 1865. Although he was only aged 40 at his death, Gordon survived the war by little more than a year.",
"title": "Benjamin Franklin Gordon"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Cecil Clay (February 13, 1842 – September 23, 1903) was captain of Company K in the 58th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry Regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He performed gallantly while wounded, earning the Medal of Honor for his actions during the assault and capture of Fort Harrison, Virginia in the Confederate defenses of Richmond, Virginia on September 29, 1864. He was later chief clerk of the United States Department of Justice.",
"title": "Cecil Clay"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "USS \"J. W. Wilder\" (1859) was a schooner captured by the Union Navy during the American Civil War. She was used by the Union Navy as a tender in support of the Union Navy blockade of Confederate waterways.",
"title": "USS J. W. Wilder (1859)"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "USS \"Sea Bird\" (1863) was a captured Confederate schooner acquired by the Union Navy from the prize court during the American Civil War.",
"title": "USS Sea Bird (1863)"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "During the Civil War, the tide of new miners into the territory slowed to a trickle, and many left for the East to fight. The Missourians who stayed formed two volunteer regiments, as well as home guard. Although seemingly stationed at the periphery of the war theaters, the Colorado regiments found themselves in a crucial position in 1862 after the Confederate invasion of the New Mexico Territory by General Henry Sibley and a force of Texans. Sibley's New Mexico campaign was intended as a prelude to an invasion of the Colorado Territory northward to Fort Laramie, cutting the supply lines between California and the rest of the Union. The Coloradans, under the command of Union Army General Edward Canby and Colonel John P. Slough, Lt. Col. Samuel F. Tappan and Major John M. Chivington, defeated Sibley's force at the two day Battle of Glorieta Pass along the Santa Fe Trail, thwarting the Confederate strategy.",
"title": "Colorado Territory"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "President Abraham Lincoln visited General Grant at Petersburg on April 3, and took a launch to Richmond the next day, while Jefferson Davis attempted to organize his Confederate government at Danville. Lincoln met Confederate assistant secretary of War John A. Campbell, and handed him a note inviting Virginia's legislature to end their rebellion. After Campbell spun the note to Confederate legislators as a possible end to the Emancipation Proclamation, Lincoln rescinded his offer and ordered General Weitzel to prevent the Confederate state legislature from meeting. Union forces killed, wounded or captured 8000 Confederate troops at Saylor's Creek southwest of Petersburg on April 6. General Lee continued to reject General Grant's surrender suggestion until Sheridan's infantry and cavalry appeared in front of his retreating army on April 8. He surrendered his remaining approximately 10000 troops at Appomattox Court House the following morning. Jefferson Davis retreated to North Carolina, then further south. when Lincoln rejected the surrender terms negotiated by general Sherman and envoys of North Carolina governor Zebulon Vance, which failed to mention slavery. Davis was captured on May 10 near Irwinville, Georgia and taken back to Virginia, where he was charged with treason and imprisoned for two years at Fort Monroe until freed on bail.",
"title": "Richmond, Virginia"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "American Civil War Clockwise from top: Battle of Gettysburg, Union Captain John Tidball's artillery, Confederate prisoners, ironclad USS Atlanta, ruins of Richmond, Virginia, Battle of Franklin Date April 12, 1861 -- May 9, 1865 (4 years, 3 weeks and 6 days) Location Southern United States, Northeastern United States, Western United States, Atlantic Ocean Result Union victory: Dissolution of the Confederate States U.S. territorial integrity preserved Slavery abolished Beginning of the Reconstruction Era Belligerents United States Confederate States Commanders and leaders Abraham Lincoln Ulysses S. Grant William T. Sherman David Farragut George B. McClellan Henry Halleck George Meade and others... Jefferson Davis Robert E. Lee J.E. Johnston G.T. Beauregard A.S. Johnston † Braxton Bragg and others... Strength 2,200,000: Union Army Union Marines Union Navy Revenue Service 698,000 (peak) 750,000 -- 1,000,000: Confederate Army Confederate Marines Confederate Navy 360,000 (peak) Casualties and losses 110,000 + killed in action / died of wounds 230,000 + accident / disease deaths 25,000 -- 30,000 died in Confederate prisons 365,000 + total dead 282,000 + wounded 181,193 captured Total: 828,000 + casualties 94,000 + killed in action / died of wounds 26,000 -- 31,000 died in Union prisons 290,000 + total dead 137,000 + wounded 436,658 captured Total: 864,000 + casualties 50,000 free civilians dead 80,000 + slaves dead Total: 785,000 -- 1,000,000 + dead",
"title": "American Civil War"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Lola Sánchez (1844 – 1895) was one of three sisters who became spies for the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. Sánchez became upset when their father was falsely accused of being a Confederate spy by the members of the Union Army and imprisoned. Officers of the Union Army then occupied the Sánchez residence in Palatka, Florida. On one occasion Sánchez overheard various officers’ planning a raid and decided to alert the Confederates forces. She informed Captain John Jackson Dickison, commander of the local Confederates forces, of the plan. The result of her actions was that the Confederate forces surprised the Union troops in an ambush and captured the USS Columbine, a Union warship, on the day of the supposed raid in the \"Battle of Horse Landing\". This was one of the few instances in which a Union warship was captured by land-based Confederate forces during the Civil War.",
"title": "Lola Sánchez (Confederate spy)"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "USS \"Rosalie\" (1863) was a captured Confederate sloop acquired by the Union Navy from the prize court during the American Civil War.",
"title": "USS Rosalie (1863)"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Confédération générale du travail unitaire, or CGTU (United General Confederation of Labor) was a trade union confederation in France that at first included anarcho-syndicalists and soon became aligned with the French Communist Party. It was founded in 1922 as a confederation of radical unions that had left the socialist-dominated General Confederation of Labour (CGT), and in 1936 merged back into the CGT.",
"title": "Confédération générale du travail unitaire"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition.",
"title": "Union territory"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Confederates held East Tennessee despite the strength of Unionist sentiment there, with the exception of extremely pro-Confederate Sullivan County. The Confederates, led by General James Longstreet, did attack General Burnside's Fort Sanders at Knoxville and lost. It was a big blow to East Tennessee Confederate momentum, but Longstreet won the Battle of Bean's Station a few weeks later. The Confederates besieged Chattanooga during the Chattanooga Campaign in early fall 1863, but were driven off by Grant in November. Many of the Confederate defeats can be attributed to the poor strategic vision of General Braxton Bragg, who led the Army of Tennessee from Perryville, Kentucky to another Confederate defeat at Chattanooga.",
"title": "Tennessee"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Major General Kunhiraman Palat Candeth was appointed military governor of Goa that was first created by British government in 1934. In 1963, the Parliament of India passed the 12th Amendment Act to the Constitution of India, formally integrating the captured territories into the Indian Union. Goa, Daman and Diu became a Union Territory. Dadra and Nagar Haveli, which was previously a part of the Estado da India, but independent between 1954 and 1961, became a separate Union Territory.",
"title": "Goa liberation movement"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Commonwealth of Virginia was a prominent part of the Confederate States during the American Civil War. As a slave - holding state, it held a state convention to deal with the secession crisis, and voted against secession on 4 April 1861. Opinion shifted after 15 April, when U.S. President Abraham Lincoln called for troops from all states still in the Union to put down the rebellion, following the capture of Fort Sumter, and the Virginia convention voted to declare secession from the Union. (In the Western counties, where there was little slavery, pro-Union sentiment remained strong, and they presently seceded from Virginia as a separate Union state, West Virginia.)",
"title": "Virginia in the American Civil War"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Baker Peters House is an antebellum house located on the south side of Kingston Pike in Knoxville, Tennessee, near the intersection of Peters Road and Kingston Pike. The house is a two-story Greek Revival structure. It has a porte-cochere on the east side for carriages, and a rear wing that projects out on the southwest side of the house. It also has a columned, two-story front porch. The main body of the house is brick, but the rear wing was originally finished in wood siding.",
"title": "Baker Peters House"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Louisa Hawkins Canby (December 25, 1818 – 1889) was nicknamed the \"Angel of Santa Fe\" in 1862 for her compassion toward sick, wounded, and freezing Confederate soldiers at Santa Fe, New Mexico. Mrs. Canby was the wife of Union Brig. Gen. Edward Richard Sprigg Canby whose order to destroy or hide not only weapons and ammunition but all food, equipment, and blankets prior to any retreat was largely responsible for the Confederates' misery. Taking pity on her husband's enemies, Mrs. Canby not only organized other officers' wives to nurse the sick and wounded among the occupying Confederate forces, but also showed Col. William Read Scurry where fleeing Union forces had hidden blankets and food. Mrs. Canby, said one rebel, \"captured more hearts of Confederate soldier [sic] than the old general ever captured Confederate bodies.\"",
"title": "Louisa Hawkins Canby"
}
],
"question": "What Confederate general failed to capture the Union Fort at the city where Baker Peters House is located?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Knoxville",
"id": 413638,
"paragraph_support_idx": 18,
"question": "Baker Peters House >> located in the administrative territorial entity"
},
{
"answer": "James Longstreet",
"id": 31296,
"paragraph_support_idx": 15,
"question": "Which Confederate general failed to capture the Union fort at #1 ?"
}
]
} |
2hop__659350_53519 | What is the most common source of electricity in the province where Springfield is located? | Manitoba Hydro | [
"Manitoba Hydro"
] | {
"answer": "Manitoba Hydro",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__659350_53519",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District.",
"title": "Ap Lo Chun"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ralph Waterbury Ellis (November 25, 1856-September 28, 1945) was an American lawyer, banker and politician who served in the Massachusetts House of Representatives, as a member of the Springfield, Massachusetts Board of Aldermen and Common Council, and as the Mayor of Springfield in 1902.",
"title": "Ralph W. Ellis"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.",
"title": "Bogotá"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Springfield Corners is an unincorporated community located in the town of Springfield, Dane County, Wisconsin, United States at the intersection of County Highway P and US Highway 12. The town hall for the Town of Springfield is located in the community, along with a park, several businesses, several neighborhoods, and a small business park.",
"title": "Springfield Corners, Wisconsin"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.",
"title": "Territory of Papua"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Albert Harold \"Bert\" Corbett (December 29, 1887 in Springfield, Manitoba – April 14, 1983) was a politician in Manitoba, Canada. He served in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba as a Progressive Conservative from 1958 to 1962. His father, William Henry Corbett, was also a member of the Legislative Assembly from 1903 to 1907.",
"title": "Albert H. C. Corbett"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "San Vincenzo al Volturno is a historic Benedictine monastery located in the territories of the Comunes of Castel San Vincenzo and Rocchetta a Volturno, in the Province of Isernia, near the source of the river Volturno in Italy. The current monastery, housing a group 8 benedictin nuns, is located to the east of the river, while the archaeological monastery of the early Middle Ages was located on the west.",
"title": "San Vincenzo al Volturno"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "From the mid-1990s renewable energy began to contribute to the electricity generated in the United Kingdom, adding to a small hydroelectricity generating capacity. The total of all renewable electricity sources provided for 14.9% of the electricity generated in the United Kingdom in 2013, reaching 53.7 TWh of electricity generated. In the second quarter of 2015, renewable electricity generation exceeded 25% and coal generation for the first time. As of 2nd quarter 2017, renewables generated 29.8% of the UK's electricity.",
"title": "Renewable energy in the United Kingdom"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "It is located roughly 55 miles from Hartford, 75 miles from Springfield, 100 miles from Albany and 85 from NYC.",
"title": "New Milford, Connecticut"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:",
"title": "Biysky District"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.",
"title": "Vilnius County"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Electric charge Electric field of a positive and a negative point charge Common symbols Q SI unit coulomb Other units elementary charge faraday ampere - hour In SI base units C = A s Extensive? yes Conserved? yes Dimension",
"title": "Electric charge"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides.",
"title": "Arrondissement of Mechelen"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition.",
"title": "Union territory"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Manitoba Hydro is the electric power and natural gas utility in the province of Manitoba, Canada. Founded in 1961, it is a provincial Crown Corporation, governed by the Manitoba Hydro - Electric Board and the Manitoba Hydro Act. Today the company operates 15 interconnected generating stations. It has more than 527,000 electric power customers and more than 263,000 natural gas customers. Since most of the electrical energy is provided by hydroelectric power, the utility has low electricity rates. Stations in Northern Manitoba are connected by a HVDC system, the Nelson River Bipole, to customers in the south. The internal staff are members of the Canadian Union of Public Employees Local 998 while the outside workers are members of the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Local 2034.",
"title": "Manitoba Hydro"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Springfield's original name was Calhoun, after Senator John C. Calhoun of South Carolina. The land that Springfield now occupies was originally settled by trappers and traders who came to the Sangamon River in 1818. The settlement's first cabin was built in 1820, by John Kelly. It was located at what is now the northwest corner of Second Street and Jefferson Street. In 1821, Calhoun became the county seat of Sangamon County due to fertile soil and trading opportunities. Settlers from Kentucky, Virginia, and as far as North Carolina came to the city. By 1832, Senator Calhoun had fallen out of the favor with the public and the town renamed itself Springfield after Springfield, Massachusetts. At that time, Springfield, Massachusetts was comparable to modern - day Silicon Valley -- known for industrial innovation, concentrated prosperity, and the celebrated Springfield Armory. Most importantly, it was a city that had built itself up from frontier outpost to national power through ingenuity -- an example that the newly named Springfield, Illinois, sought to emulate. Kaskaskia was the first capital of the Illinois Territory from its organization in 1809, continuing through statehood in 1818, and through the first year as a state in 1819. Vandalia was the second state capital of Illinois from 1819 to 1839. Springfield became the third and current capital of Illinois in 1839. The designation was largely due to the efforts of Abraham Lincoln and his associates; nicknamed the ``Long Nine ''for their combined height of 54 feet (16 m).",
"title": "Springfield, Illinois"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:",
"title": "Khabarovsky District"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In the 6th century BC, the Greek philosopher Thales of Miletus experimented with amber rods and these experiments were the first studies into the production of electrical energy. While this method, now known as the triboelectric effect, can lift light objects and generate sparks, it is extremely inefficient. It was not until the invention of the voltaic pile in the eighteenth century that a viable source of electricity became available. The voltaic pile, and its modern descendant, the electrical battery, store energy chemically and make it available on demand in the form of electrical energy. The battery is a versatile and very common power source which is ideally suited to many applications, but its energy storage is finite, and once discharged it must be disposed of or recharged. For large electrical demands electrical energy must be generated and transmitted continuously over conductive transmission lines.",
"title": "Electricity"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Found in applications as diverse as industrial fans, blowers and pumps, machine tools, household appliances, power tools, and disk drives, electric motors can be powered by direct current (DC) sources, such as from batteries, motor vehicles or rectifiers, or by alternating current (AC) sources, such as from the power grid, inverters or generators. Small motors may be found in electric watches. General-purpose motors with highly standardized dimensions and characteristics provide convenient mechanical power for industrial use. The largest of electric motors are used for ship propulsion, pipeline compression and pumped-storage applications with ratings reaching 100 megawatts. Electric motors may be classified by electric power source type, internal construction, application, type of motion output, and so on.",
"title": "Electric motor"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021.",
"title": "Paea"
}
],
"question": "What is the most common source of electricity in the province where Springfield is located?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Manitoba",
"id": 659350,
"paragraph_support_idx": 5,
"question": "Springfield >> located in the administrative territorial entity"
},
{
"answer": "Manitoba Hydro",
"id": 53519,
"paragraph_support_idx": 14,
"question": "what is the most common source of electricity in #1"
}
]
} |
2hop__770353_36090 | Who discovered the country where Papa Elise is located? | Álvaro de Mendaña | [
"Álvaro de Mendaña"
] | {
"answer": "Álvaro de Mendaña",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__770353_36090",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Peruvian cuisine naturally contains the potato as a primary ingredient in many dishes, as around 3,000 varieties of this tuber are grown there. Some of the more notable dishes include boiled potato as a base for several dishes or with ají - based sauces like in Papa a la Huancaína or ocopa, diced potato for its use in soups like in cau cau, or in Carapulca with dried potato (papa seca). Smashed condimented potato is used in causa Limeña and papa rellena. French - fried potatoes are a typical ingredient in Peruvian stir - fries, including the classic dish lomo saltado.",
"title": "Potato"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "From the Caves of the Iron Mountain is a music album by Tony Levin, Jerry Marotta and Steve Gorn released in 1997 on Papa Bear Records.",
"title": "From the Caves of the Iron Mountain"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Casey Affleck as Lee Chandler, a grief - stricken loner Michelle Williams as Randi, Lee's ex-wife Kyle Chandler as Joseph ``Joe ''Chandler, Lee's brother Lucas Hedges as Patrick Chandler, 16 - year - old son of Joe and Elise Ben O'Brien as young Patrick Gretchen Mol as Elise Chandler, Joe's former wife C.J. Wilson as George, the Chandlers' family friend Tate Donovan as Patrick's hockey coach Kara Hayward as Silvie McGann, one of Patrick's girlfriends Anna Baryshnikov as Sandy, one of Patrick's girlfriends Heather Burns as Jill, Sandy's mother Erica McDermott as Sue, boat yard boss Matthew Broderick as Jeffrey, Elise's fiancé Oscar Wahlberg as Joel, Patrick's friend Stephen Henderson as Mr. Emery, Lee's boss Josh Hamilton as Wes, Joe's Lawyer",
"title": "Manchester by the Sea (film)"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Draughtsmen Clash (Le Damier – Papa national oyé!) is a 1996 film directed by Balufu Bakupa-Kanyinda of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.",
"title": "The Draughtsmen Clash"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Audouin Charles Dollfus (November 12, 1924 – October 1, 2010) was a French astronomer and aeronaut, specialist in studies of the Solar System and discoverer of Janus, a moon of Saturn.",
"title": "Audouin Dollfus"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Sam Worthington as Mackenzie ``Mack ''Phillips Carson Reaume as Young Mack Octavia Spencer as Papa Graham Greene as Male Papa Radha Mitchell as Nan Phillips Aviv Alush as Jesus Sumire Matsubara as Sarayu Tim McGraw as Willie Alice Braga as Sophia Megan Charpentier as Kate Phillips Gage Munroe as Josh Phillips Amélie Eve as Missy Phillips Ryan Robbins as Emil Ducette",
"title": "The Shack (2017 film)"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Alexander Mikhaylovich Butlerov (Алекса́ндр Миха́йлович Бу́тлеров; 15 September 1828 – 17 August 1886) was a Russian chemist, one of the principal creators of the theory of chemical structure (1857–1861), the first to incorporate double bonds into structural formulas, the discoverer of hexamine (1859), the discoverer of formaldehyde (1859) and the discoverer of the formose reaction (1861).",
"title": "Alexander Butlerov"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Pièces à Conviction (French for \"incriminating evidence\") is a monthly French investigative journalism TV program that airs on France 3. Elise Lucet has hosted the program since 2000.",
"title": "Pièces à Conviction"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Elise Nada Cowen (July 31, 1933 – February 27, 1962,) was an American poet. She was part of the Beat generation, and was close to Allen Ginsberg, one of the movement's leading figures.",
"title": "Elise Cowen"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "In 1568, Spanish navigator Álvaro de Mendaña was the first European to sail through the archipelago, sighting the island of Nui during his expedition in search of Terra Australis. In 1819 the island of Funafuti was named Ellice's Island; the name Ellice was applied to all nine islands after the work of English hydrographer Alexander George Findlay. The islands came under Britain's sphere of influence in the late 19th century, when each of the Ellice Islands was declared a British Protectorate by Captain Gibson of HMS Curacoa between 9 and 16 October 1892. The Ellice Islands were administered as British protectorate by a Resident Commissioner from 1892 to 1916 as part of the British Western Pacific Territories (BWPT), and then as part of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands colony from 1916 to 1974.",
"title": "Tuvalu"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "792 Metcalfia is a minor planet orbiting the Sun. It was discovered in 1907 by Joel Hastings Metcalf and was named after its discoverer.",
"title": "792 Metcalfia"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Wiegand effect is a nonlinear magnetic effect, named after its discoverer John R. Wiegand, produced in specially annealed and hardened wire called Wiegand wire.",
"title": "Wiegand effect"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Henri Debehogne (30 December 1928 – 9 December 2007) was a Belgian astronomer and a prolific discoverer of minor planets.",
"title": "Henri Debehogne"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In mathematics applied to computer science, Monge arrays, or Monge matrices, are mathematical objects named for their discoverer, the French mathematician Gaspard Monge.",
"title": "Monge array"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Loggia del Papa is a 15th-century Renaissance architecture, open-air arcade in Piazza of the same name in Siena, region of Tuscany, Italy.",
"title": "Loggia del Papa, Siena"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``Papa's Got a Brand New Bag Part I ''Single by James Brown from the album Papa's Got a Brand New Bag B - side`` Papa's Got a Brand New Bag Part II'' Released June 1965 (1965 - 06) Format 7 - inch single Recorded February 1965 Studio Arthur Smith Studios, Charlotte, North Carolina Genre Soul, rhythm and blues Length 1: 55 (Part I) 2: 12 (Part II) Label King (5999) Songwriter (s) James Brown Producer (s) James Brown James Brown charting singles chronology ``Have Mercy Baby ''(1964)`` Papa's Got a Brand New Bag Part I'' (1965) ``Try Me ''(1965)`` Have Mercy Baby'' (1964) ``Papa's Got a Brand New Bag Part I ''(1965)`` Try Me'' (1965) Audio sample file help",
"title": "Papa's Got a Brand New Bag"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Claire Etcherelli (born 1934 in Bordeaux) is a French novelist who has won \"Femina Prize\" for her novel \"Elise, or the real life\" (1967)",
"title": "Claire Etcherelli"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Luna Papa (Russian: Лунный папа) is a 1999 movie by Bakhtyar Khudojnazarov with collaboration from Russia, Tajikistan, Germany, Austria and France",
"title": "Luna Papa"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Jaan Einasto (born 23 February 1929, in Tartu) is an Estonian astrophysicist and one of the discoverers of the large-scale structure of the Universe.",
"title": "Jaan Einasto"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Papa Elise is an islet of Funafuti, Tuvalu. The name Papa Elise is a translation of Father Ellice, and refers to a missionary who came to Funafuti in the late 19th century.",
"title": "Papa Elise"
}
],
"question": "Who discovered the country where Papa Elise is located?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Tuvalu",
"id": 770353,
"paragraph_support_idx": 19,
"question": "Papa Elise >> country"
},
{
"answer": "Álvaro de Mendaña",
"id": 36090,
"paragraph_support_idx": 9,
"question": "Who was the discoverer of #1 ?"
}
]
} |
2hop__121512_222887 | What is part of the college Niels Bohr attended? | Copenhagen University Library | [
"Copenhagen University Library"
] | {
"answer": "Copenhagen University Library",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__121512_222887",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In spectroscopy, the Rydberg constant, symbol \"R\" for heavy atoms or \"R\" for hydrogen, named after the Swedish physicist Johannes Rydberg, is a physical constant relating to the electromagnetic spectra of an atom. The constant first arose as an empirical fitting parameter in the Rydberg formula for the hydrogen spectral series, but Niels Bohr later showed that its value could be calculated from more fundamental constants via his Bohr model. , \"R\" and electron spin \"g\"-factor are the most accurately measured physical constants.",
"title": "Rydberg constant"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "He was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He attended college at the University of Maryland, where he played on the baseball team.",
"title": "Gene Hiser"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Niels Bohr introduced the first quantized model of the atom in 1913, in an attempt to overcome a major shortcoming of Rutherford's classical model. In classical electrodynamics, a charge moving in a circle should radiate electromagnetic radiation. If that charge were to be an electron orbiting a nucleus, the radiation would cause it to lose energy and spiral down into the nucleus. Bohr solved this paradox with explicit reference to Planck's work: an electron in a Bohr atom could only have certain defined energies En",
"title": "Planck constant"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Henry Thacker attended Boys' High School and then Canterbury College (what is now known as the University of Canterbury), from where he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts. He then enrolled at Edinburgh University where he gained his M.B. and C.M. diplomas in 1895. Two years later he gained a fellowship in the Royal College of Surgeons in Dublin.",
"title": "Henry Thacker"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Bohr founded the Institute of Theoretical Physics at the University of Copenhagen, now known as the Niels Bohr Institute, which opened in 1920. Bohr mentored and collaborated with physicists including Hans Kramers, Oskar Klein, George de Hevesy, and Werner Heisenberg. He predicted the existence of a new zirconium-like element, which was named hafnium, after the Latin name for Copenhagen, where it was discovered. Later, the element bohrium was named after him.",
"title": "Niels Bohr"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Igerna Sollas was born 16 March 1877 in the town of Dawlish at Devon, the daughter of geologist William Johnson Sollas and his first wife Helen. She received an early education at Alexandra School and College in Dublin, and then attended Newnham College, Cambridge on a Gilchrist scholarship in 1897, where she took first class honours in both part I and part II of the Natural Sciences Tripos exam, completing a zoology degree in 1901. She held the position of lecturer in zoology at Newnham from 1903 to 1913, save for the period 1904 to 1906 when she was a Newnham college research fellow.",
"title": "Igerna Sollas"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Paul Sophus Epstein (Warsaw, then part of Imperial Russia, now Poland, March 20, 1883 – Pasadena, February 8, 1966) was a Russian-American mathematical physicist. He was known for his contributions to the development of quantum mechanics, part of a group that included Lorentz, Einstein, Minkowski, Thomson, Rutherford, Sommerfeld, Röntgen, von Laue, Bohr, de Broglie, Ehrenfest and Schwarzschild.",
"title": "Paul Sophus Epstein"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1938 Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassmann discovered nuclear fission with radiochemical methods, and in 1939 Lise Meitner and Otto Robert Frisch wrote the first theoretical interpretation of the fission process, which was later improved by Niels Bohr and John A. Wheeler. Further developments took place during World War II, which led to the practical application of radar and the development and use of the atomic bomb. Though the process had begun with the invention of the cyclotron by Ernest O. Lawrence in the 1930s, physics in the postwar period entered into a phase of what historians have called \"Big Science\", requiring massive machines, budgets, and laboratories in order to test their theories and move into new frontiers. The primary patron of physics became state governments, who recognized that the support of \"basic\" research could often lead to technologies useful to both military and industrial applications. Currently, general relativity and quantum mechanics are inconsistent with each other, and efforts are underway to unify the two.",
"title": "History of science"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Niels Bjerrum was the son of ophthalmologist Jannik Petersen Bjerrum, and started to study at University of Copenhagen in 1897. He received his Master's degree in 1902 and his Doctor's degree in 1908, and did research in coordination complex chemistry under Sophus Mads Jørgensen. He became a docent in 1912, and in 1914 he became professor of chemistry at the Royal Agricultural College (\"Landbohøjskolen\") in Copenhagen, as successor of Odin Tidemand Christensen. He stayed on this post until his retirement in 1949, and from 1939 to 1946 he was also the Director of the College.",
"title": "Niels Bjerrum"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Thorn Kief Hillsbery is an American novelist. He is the author of \"War Boy\" and \"What We Do Is Secret\", which was nominated for a Lambda Literary Award. He was born in Portland, Oregon, and attended Evergreen State College. He currently lives in Manhattan, and teaches a creative writing workshop at Columbia University.",
"title": "Thorn Kief Hillsbery"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Bohr magneton and the nuclear magneton are units which are used to describe the magnetic properties of the electron and atomic nuclei respectively. The Bohr magneton is the magnetic moment which would be expected for an electron if it behaved as a spinning charge according to classical electrodynamics. It is defined in terms of the reduced Planck constant, the elementary charge and the electron mass, all of which depend on the Planck constant: the final dependence on h1/2 (r2 > 0.995) can be found by expanding the variables.",
"title": "Planck constant"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Maurice Canning Wilks (1910–1984) was an Irish landscape painter. Born in Belfast in 1910 to a linen designer, he was educated in Belfast at the Malone Public School and attended evening classes at the Belfast College of Art. While attending college he was awarded the Dunville Scholarship allowing him to attend day classes. He went on to exhibit at the Royal Hibernian Academy (RHA) in Dublin where he would one day become an associate member. He was also elected a full member of the Royal Ulster Academy (RUA).",
"title": "Maurice Canning Wilks"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Vallis Bohr is a valley on the Moon stretching due south of the crater Einstein. This wide cleft has a length of about 80 kilometers, and is radial to the Mare Orientale impact basin further to the south. The selenographic coordinates of this feature are .",
"title": "Vallis Bohr"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Copenhagen University Library (Danish: Københavns Universitetsbibliotek) in Copenhagen, Denmark, is the main research library of the University of Copenhagen. Founded in 1482, it is the oldest library in Denmark.",
"title": "Copenhagen University Library"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "He moved to Institute for Theoretical Physics (later the Niels Bohr Institute) in Copenhagen on the Sheldon Traveling Fellowship from Harvard, and remained in Denmark. In 1953 he was appointed staff member in CERN's Theoretical Study Group, which was based in Copenhagen, a position he held until he became professor at the newly formed Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics (Nordita) in 1957. He was a visiting professor at the University of California, Berkeley in Spring 1959. In 1971 he became a naturalized Danish citizen.",
"title": "Ben Roy Mottelson"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Sundman is a lunar impact crater that lies just past the western limb of the Moon. Although it lies on the far side from the Earth, this part of the surface is brought into view during periods of favorable libration and illumination. Sundman lies to the southwest of the walled plain Einstein, and to the west of the Vallis Bohr cleft. It was named after Finnish mathematician and astronomer Karl F. Sundman.",
"title": "Sundman (crater)"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The son of former Danish foreign minister Niels Helveg Petersen and brother of former minister Rasmus Helveg Petersen, Morten Helveg Petersen grew up in Denmark and in Brussels where he attended the European School, Brussels I from 1974 to 1977. His paternal grandparents were former minister Kristen Helveg Petersen and former mayor of Copenhagen Lilly Helveg Petersen. He got a Master of Science degree in economics from the University of Copenhagen in 1992.",
"title": "Morten Helveg Petersen"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Stephen Bann CBE, FBA (born 1 August 1942 in Manchester, England) is the Emeritus Professor of History of Art at the University of Bristol. He attended Winchester College and King's College, Cambridge, attaining his PhD in 1967.",
"title": "Stephen Bann"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "A class reunion is a meeting of former classmates, often organized at or near their former school or college by one or more class members. It is scheduled near an anniversary of their graduation, e.g. every 5 years. Their teachers and administrators may be invited. Those attending reminisce about their student days and bring each other up to date on what has happened since they last meet.",
"title": "Class reunion"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Steven Roy Gerber (September 28, 1948 – May 28, 2015) was an American composer of classical music. He attended Haverford College, graduating in 1969 at the age of twenty. He then attended Princeton University with a fellowship to study musical composition.",
"title": "Steven Gerber"
}
],
"question": "What is part of the college Niels Bohr attended?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "University of Copenhagen",
"id": 121512,
"paragraph_support_idx": 4,
"question": "The college Niels Bohr attended was what?"
},
{
"answer": "Copenhagen University Library",
"id": 222887,
"paragraph_support_idx": 13,
"question": "#1 >> has part"
}
]
} |
3hop1__715503_146715_77801 | When were the olympic games held in the city where Unfolding's creator lived when he died? | 1936 Summer Olympics | [
"1936 Summer Olympics",
"Games of the XI Olympiad",
"The Games of the XI Olympiad"
] | {
"answer": "1936 Summer Olympics",
"answer_aliases": [
"Games of the XI Olympiad",
"The Games of the XI Olympiad"
],
"answerable": true,
"id": "3hop1__715503_146715_77801",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Pyeongchang was elected as the host city in July 2011, during the 123rd IOC Session in Durban, South Africa. This was the first time that South Korea had hosted the Winter Olympics and the second Olympics held in the country overall, after the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. It was the third time that an East Asian country had hosted the Winter Games, after Sapporo (1972) and Nagano (1998), both in Japan. It was also the first of three consecutive Olympics to be held in East Asia, the other two being the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo and the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing.",
"title": "2018 Winter Olympics"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Tokyo was selected as the host city during the 125th IOC Session in Buenos Aires on 7 September 2013. These Games will mark the return of the Summer Olympics to Tokyo for the first time since 1964, and the fourth Olympics overall to be held in Japan, following the 1972 Winter Olympics in Sapporo and the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano. They will be the second of three consecutive Olympic Games to be held in East Asia, following the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea, and preceding the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing, China.",
"title": "2020 Summer Olympics"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Basque Pelota was a demonstration sport at the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris. It was the second time that the sport was included in the Olympic program; it was an official Olympic sport at the 1900 Games that were also held in Paris. It would be included as a demonstration in another two occasions at the 1968 Games in Mexico City and the 1992 Games in Barcelona.",
"title": "Basque pelota at the 1924 Summer Olympics"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 2022, Beijing will become the only city that has held both the summer and the winter Olympic Games. Nine cities will have hosted the Olympic Games more than once: Athens (1896 and 2004 Summer Olympics), Paris (1900, 1924 and 2024 Summer Olympics), London (1908, 1948 and 2012 Summer Olympics), St. Moritz (1928 and 1948 Winter Olympics), Lake Placid (1932 and 1980 Winter Olympics), Los Angeles (1932, 1984 and 2028 Summer Olympics), Innsbruck (1964 and 1976 Winter Olympics), Tokyo (1964 and 2020 Summer Olympics) and Beijing (2008 Summer Olympics and 2022 Winter Olympics). In addition, Stockholm hosted the 1912 Summer Olympics and the equestrian portion of the 1956 Summer Olympics. London became the first city to have hosted three Games with the 2012 Summer Olympics. Paris will become the second city to do this with the 2024 Summer Olympics, followed by Los Angeles as the third in 2028. The United States has hosted a total of eight Olympic Games, more than any other country, followed by France with five editions. Canada, Germany, Italy, Japan, and the United Kingdom have each hosted three Games.",
"title": "List of Olympic Games host cities"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Bernhard Heiliger (11 November 1915, Stettin - 25 October 1995, Berlin) was a German artist. He was considered \"West Germany's foremost sculptor\", and his large public artworks are a prominent presence in many German cities, especially Berlin.",
"title": "Bernhard Heiliger"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "This is a list of host cities of the Olympic Games, both summer and winter, since the modern Olympics began in 1896. Since then, summer games have usually -- but not always -- celebrated a four - year period known as an Olympiad. There have been 28 Summer Olympic Games held in 24 cities, and 23 Winter Olympic Games held in 20 cities. In addition, three summer and two winter editions of the Games were scheduled to take place but later cancelled due to war: Berlin (summer) in 1916; Tokyo / Helsinki (summer) and Sapporo / Garmisch - Partenkirchen (winter) in 1940; and London (summer) and Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy (winter) in 1944. The 1906 Summer Olympics were officially sanctioned and held in Athens. However, in 1949, the International Olympic Committee (IOC), decided to unrecognize the 1906 Games. Four cities have been chosen by the IOC to host upcoming Olympic Games: Tokyo for the 2020 Summer Olympics, Beijing for the 2022 Winter Olympics, Paris for the 2024 Summer Olympics, and Los Angeles for the 2028 Summer Olympics.",
"title": "List of Olympic Games host cities"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Both the Olympics and 2014 Winter Paralympics were organized by the Sochi Organizing Committee (SOOC). Sochi was selected as the host city in July 2007, during the 119th IOC Session held in Guatemala City. It was the first Olympics to be held in a CIS state since the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991. The Soviet Union was previously the host nation for the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. These were the first Olympic Games under the International Olympic Committee (IOC) presidency of Thomas Bach.",
"title": "2014 Winter Olympics"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The 2018 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XXIII Olympic Winter Games (Korean: 제 23 회동계올림픽, translit. Jeisipsamhoe Donggye Ollimpik) and commonly known as PyeongChang 2018, was a major multi-sport event held between 9 and 25 February 2018 in Pyeongchang County, Gangwon Province, South Korea, with the opening rounds for certain events held on 8 February 2018, the eve of the opening ceremony. Pyeongchang was elected as the host city in July 2011, during the 123rd IOC Session in Durban, South Africa. This marks the first time South Korea has hosted the Winter Olympics, and the second time the Olympic games have been held in the country, after the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. It also marks the third time East Asia has hosted the Winter Games, after Sapporo, Japan (1972), and Nagano, Japan (1998), and the sixth overall Olympic Games held in East Asia. It was the first of three consecutive Olympic Games to be held in East Asia, preceding Tokyo 2020 (Summer) and Beijing 2022 (Winter).",
"title": "2018 Winter Olympics"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Unfolding is a public art work by artist Bernhard Heiliger located at the Lynden Sculpture Garden near Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The sculpture has an abstract form; it is installed on the patio.",
"title": "Unfolding (sculpture)"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The 2020 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXXII Olympiad (Japanese: 第三十二回オリンピック競技大会, Hepburn: Dai Sanjūni - kai Orinpikku Kyōgi Taikai) and commonly known as Tokyo 2020, is a forthcoming international multi-sport event that is scheduled to take place from 24 July to 9 August 2020. Tokyo was selected as the host city during the 125th IOC Session in Buenos Aires on 7 September 2013. This will be the second time the Summer Games have been held in Tokyo, the first time being the 1964 Summer Olympics, and the fourth time that Japan has hosted the Olympics overall, following the Winter Olympics held in Sapporo in 1972 and Nagano in 1998. They will be the second of three consecutive Olympic Games to be held in East Asia, following the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea, and preceding the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing, China.",
"title": "2020 Summer Olympics"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The games are planned to be held from 24 July to 9 August 2020 in Tokyo. The city was announced as the host at the 125th IOC Session in Buenos Aires on 7 September 2013. It will also become the largest city ever in Asia to host the Summer Olympics, a distinction currently held by Seoul, which hosted the 1988 Summer Olympics. It will be the second time that Tokyo hosts the Olympics; it previously hosted the 1964 games.",
"title": "2020 Summer Olympics"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "This is a list of host cities of the Olympic Games, both summer and winter, since the modern Olympics began in 1896. Since then, summer games have usually -- but not always -- celebrated a four - year period known as an Olympiad. There have been 28 Summer Olympic Games held in 23 cities, and 23 Winter Olympic Games held in 20 cities. In addition, three summer and two winter editions of the Games were scheduled to take place but later cancelled due to war: Berlin (summer) in 1916; Tokyo / Helsinki (summer) and Sapporo / Garmisch - Partenkirchen (winter) in 1940; and London (summer) and Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy (winter) in 1944. The 1906 Summer Olympics were officially sanctioned and held in Athens. However, in 1949, the International Olympic Committee (IOC), decided to unrecognize the 1906 Games. Four cities have been chosen by the IOC to host upcoming Olympic Games: Tokyo for the 2020 Summer Olympics, Beijing for the 2022 Winter Olympics, Paris for the 2024 Summer Olympics, and Los Angeles for the 2028 Summer Olympics.",
"title": "List of Olympic Games host cities"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "On 10 February 2010, the 122nd IOC session at Vancouver announced Nanjing as the host city for the 2nd Summer Youth Olympic Games. The slogan of the 2014 Youth Olympic Games was “Share the Games, Share our Dreams”. The Nanjing 2014 Youth Olympic Games featured all 28 sports on the Olympic programme and were held from 16 to 28 August. The Nanjing Youth Olympic Games Organising Committee (NYOGOC) worked together with the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to attract the best young athletes from around the world to compete at the highest level. Off the competition fields, an integrated culture and education programme focused on discussions about education, Olympic values, social challenges, and cultural diversity. The YOG aims to spread the Olympic spirit and encourage sports participation.",
"title": "Nanjing"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Below is a list of host cities of the Olympic Games, both summer and winter, since the modern Olympics began in 1896. Since then, summer games have usually -- but not always -- celebrated a four - year period known as an Olympiad. There have been 28 Summer Olympic Games held in 23 cities, and 23 Winter Olympic Games held in 20 cities. In addition, three summer and two winter editions of the Games were scheduled to take place but later cancelled due to war: Berlin (summer) in 1916; Tokyo / Helsinki (summer) and Sapporo / Garmisch - Partenkirchen (winter) in 1940; and London (summer) and Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy (winter) in 1944. The 1906 Summer Olympics were officially sanctioned and held in Athens. However, in 1949, the International Olympic Committee (IOC), decided to unrecognize the 1906 Games. Four cities have been chosen by the IOC to host upcoming Olympic Games: Tokyo for the 2020 Summer Olympics, Beijing for the 2022 Winter Olympics, Paris for the 2024 Summer Olympics, and Los Angeles for the 2028 Summer Olympics.",
"title": "List of Olympic Games host cities"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The 2024 Summer Olympics (French: Les Jeux olympiques d'été de 2024), officially known as the Games of the XXXIII Olympiad, and commonly known as Paris 2024, is a forthcoming international multi-sport event which will be hosted in Paris from 2 to 18 August 2024. Having previously hosted the 1900 Summer Olympics and the 1924 Summer Olympics, Paris will become the second city after London (1908, 1948 and 2012) to host the Olympic Games three times. 2024 will also mark the centennial of the 1924 Summer Olympics, which were held in the same city, and was the last time Paris held the Olympic Games.",
"title": "2024 Summer Olympics"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Melbourne is notable as the host city for the 1956 Summer Olympic Games (the first Olympic Games held in the southern hemisphere and Oceania, with all previous games held in Europe and the United States), along with the 2006 Commonwealth Games. Melbourne is so far the southernmost city to host the games. The city is home to three major annual international sporting events: the Australian Open (one of the four Grand Slam tennis tournaments); the Melbourne Cup (horse racing); and the Australian Grand Prix (Formula One). Also, the Australian Masters golf tournament is held at Melbourne since 1979, having been co-sanctioned by the European Tour from 2006 to 2009. Melbourne was proclaimed the \"World's Ultimate Sports City\", in 2006, 2008 and 2010. The city is home to the National Sports Museum, which until 2003 was located outside the members pavilion at the Melbourne Cricket Ground. It reopened in 2008 in the Olympic Stand.",
"title": "Melbourne"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The games are planned to be held from 24 July to 9 August 2020 in Tokyo. The city was announced as the host at the 125th IOC Session in Buenos Aires on 7 September 2013. It will also become the largest city ever in East Asia to host the Summer Olympics, a distinction currently held by Seoul, which hosted the 1988 Summer Olympics. It will be the 2nd time Tokyo hosts the Olympics; they previously hosted in 1964.",
"title": "2020 Summer Olympics"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The 1968 Summer Olympics (Spanish: Juegos Olímpicos de Verano de 1968), officially known as the Games of the XIX Olympiad, were an international multi-sport event held in Mexico City, Mexico, in October 1968.",
"title": "1968 Summer Olympics"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The 1936 Summer Olympics (German: Olympische Sommerspiele 1936), officially known as the Games of the XI Olympiad, was an international multi-sport event held in 1936 in Berlin, Germany. Berlin won the bid to host the Games over Barcelona, Spain, on 26 April 1931, at the 29th IOC Session in Barcelona (two years before the Nazis came to power). It marked the second and final time the International Olympic Committee gathered to vote in a city that was bidding to host those Games.",
"title": "1936 Summer Olympics"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Greek interest in reviving the Olympic Games began with the Greek War of Independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1821. It was first proposed by poet and newspaper editor Panagiotis Soutsos in his poem ``Dialogue of the Dead '', published in 1833. Evangelos Zappas, a wealthy Greek - Romanian philanthropist, first wrote to King Otto of Greece, in 1856, offering to fund a permanent revival of the Olympic Games. Zappas sponsored the first Olympic Games in 1859, which was held in an Athens city square. Athletes participated from Greece and the Ottoman Empire. Zappas funded the restoration of the ancient Panathenaic Stadium so that it could host all future Olympic Games.",
"title": "Olympic Games"
}
],
"question": "When were the olympic games held in the city where Unfolding's creator lived when he died?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Bernhard Heiliger",
"id": 715503,
"paragraph_support_idx": 8,
"question": "Unfolding >> creator"
},
{
"answer": "Berlin",
"id": 146715,
"paragraph_support_idx": 4,
"question": "What city did #1 live when he died?"
},
{
"answer": "1936 Summer Olympics",
"id": 77801,
"paragraph_support_idx": 18,
"question": "when were the olympic games held in #2"
}
]
} |
2hop__89354_748248 | What is the 7th group that the prime minister of India is responsible to followed by? | 8th Lok Sabha | [
"8th Lok Sabha"
] | {
"answer": "8th Lok Sabha",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__89354_748248",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The 51 Special Action Group is a special response unit of the National Security Guards (NSG) of India. It was raised by the Cabinet Secretariat under the National Security Guard Act of 1985.",
"title": "51 Special Action Group"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ministry of Civil Aviation Emblem of India Rajiv Gandhi Bhawan Agency overview Jurisdiction Republic of India Headquarters Ministry of Civil Aviation Rajiv Gandhi Bhawan New Delhi Annual budget ₹2,702 crore (US $420 million) (2017 - 18 est.) Minister responsible Pusapati Ashok Gajapati Raju, Minister of Civil Aviation Deputy Minister responsible Jayant Sinha, Minister of State for Civil Aviation Agency executive Rajiv Nayan Choubey, IAS, Civil Aviation Secretary Website civilaviation.gov.in",
"title": "Ministry of Civil Aviation (India)"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Upon the partition of British India in 1947 into the two new independent dominions of India and Pakistan, the India Office was closed down. Responsibility for the United Kingdom's relations with the two new countries was transferred to the Commonwealth Relations Office (formerly the Dominions Office).",
"title": "India Office"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Kazi Jalil Abbasi was a freedom fighter and member of the 7th Lok Sabha & 8th Lok Sabha of India. He represented the Domariaganj constituency of Uttar Pradesh and is a member of the Congress (I) political party.",
"title": "Kazi Jalil Abbasi"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Minister of Railways is the head of the Ministry of Railways of the Government of India. The railway minister is usually accorded a cabinet rank, and is responsible for Indian Railways, the largest employer in the world. An important responsibility of the railway minister is to present in Parliament the Railway Budget, the Annual Financial Statement of Indian Railways. Piyush Goyal of the Bharatiya Janata Party is the current Minister of Railways, serving since 3 September 2017. Railways Minister (India)",
"title": "Minister of Railways (India)"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Calico Acts (1700, 1721) banned the import of most cotton textiles into England, followed by the restriction of sale of most cotton textiles. It was a form of economic protectionism, largely in response to India (particularly Bengal), which dominated world cotton textile markets at the time. The Acts were a precursor to the Industrial Revolution, when Britain eventually surpassed India as the world's leading textile manufacturer in the 19th century.",
"title": "Calico Acts"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "From the fifth century to the thirteenth, Śrauta sacrifices declined, and initiatory traditions of Buddhism, Jainism or more commonly Shaivism, Vaishnavism and Shaktism expanded in royal courts. This period produced some of India's finest art, considered the epitome of classical development, and the development of the main spiritual and philosophical systems which continued to be in Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism. Emperor Harsha of Kannauj succeeded in reuniting northern India during his reign in the 7th century, after the collapse of the Gupta dynasty. His empire collapsed after his death.",
"title": "History of India"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Government of India has initiated the process to constitute the 7th Central Pay Commission along with finalisation of its Terms of Reference, the composition and the possible timeframe for submission of its Report. On September 25, 2013 then Finance Minister P Chidambaram announced that Prime Minister Manmohan Singh has approved the constitution of the 7th Pay Commission. Its recommendations are likely to be implemented with effect from January 1, 2016. Justice A.K Mathur will be heading the Seventh Pay Commission, announcement of which was done on 4 February 2014. On 29 June 2016, Government accepted the recommendation of 7th Pay Commission Report with meager increase in salary of 14% after six month of intense evaluation and successive discussions. The Finance Minister of India claimed it historical increase of salaries due to little knowledge of Sixth Pay Commission.",
"title": "Pay Commission"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Service de sécurité incendie de Montréal (SIM) is responsible for fire and rescue operations in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. EMS first-response has been available in limited areas since 1976 and to the entire service area since 2009. The SIM is the 7th largest fire department in North America. The department offers High Angle Rescue (stations 13 & 27), Collapse Rescue (station 47), HazMat Response (station 29), Ice Rescue and Nautical Rescue.",
"title": "Service de sécurité incendie de Montréal"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Early Asian writings on architecture include the Kao Gong Ji of China from the 7th–5th centuries BCE; the Shilpa Shastras of ancient India and Manjusri Vasthu Vidya Sastra of Sri Lanka.",
"title": "Architecture"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Seventy - first Amendment of the Constitution of India, officially known as The Constitution (Seventy - first Amendment) Act, 1992, amended the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution so as to include Konkani, Meitei (Manipuri) and Nepali languages, thereby raising the total number of languages listed in the schedule to eighteen. The Eighth Schedule lists languages that the Government of India has the responsibility to develop.",
"title": "Seventy-first Amendment of the Constitution of India"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Islam is the second largest religion in India, with 14.2% of the country's population or roughly 172 million people identifying as adherents of Islam (2011 census) as an ethnoreligious group. Islam first came to the western coast of India when Arab traders as early as the 7th century CE came to coastal Malabar and Konkan - Gujarat. Cheraman Juma Mosque in Kerala is thought to be the first mosque in India, built in 629 CE by Malik Deenar. Following an expedition by the governor of Bahrain to Bharuch in the 7th century CE, immigrant Arab and Persian trading communities from South Arabia and the Persian Gulf began settling in coastal Gujarat. Ismaili Shia Islam was introduced to Gujarat in the second half of the 11th century, when Fatimid Imam Al - Mustansir Billah sent missionaries to Gujarat in 467 AH / 1073 CE. Islam arrived in North India in the 12th century via the Turkic invasions and has since become a part of India's religious and cultural heritage. Over the centuries, there has been significant integration of Hindu and Muslim cultures across India and Muslims have played a notable role in economics, politics and culture of India.",
"title": "Islam in India"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The union cabinet headed by the prime minister is appointed by the President of India to assist the latter in the administration of the affairs of the executive. Union cabinet is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha as per article 75 (3) of the Constitution of India. The prime minister has to enjoy the confidence of a majority in the Lok Sabha and shall resign if they are unable to prove majority when instructed by the president.",
"title": "Prime Minister of India"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "7th BRICS Summit VII саммит БРИКС Host country Russia Date 8 -- 9 July 2015 Cities Ufa, Bashkortostan Participants BRICS Follows 6th BRICS summit Precedes 8th BRICS summit Website en.brics2015.ru",
"title": "7th BRICS summit"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Paper spread to India in the 7th century. However, the use of paper was not widespread there until the 12th century.",
"title": "History of paper"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Chandigarh Golf Club is an exclusive private members only golf club in Chandigarh, India. It has a 7,202 yard, 18 hole course known for its challenging narrow fairways, a long 613 yard long, dogleg 7th hole and floodlighting on the first nine holes.",
"title": "Chandigarh Golf Club"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), commonly known as the Pusa Institute, is India's national Institute for agricultural research, education and extension. The name Pusa Institute is derived from the fact that the institute was originally located in Pusa Bihar as the Imperial Institute of Agricultural Research in 1911. It was then renamed as the Imperial Agricultural Research Institute in 1919 and following a major earthquake in Pusa, it was relocated to Delhi in 1936. The current institute in Delhi is financed and administered by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR). The IARI was responsible for the research leading to the \"Green Revolution in India\" of the 1970s.",
"title": "Indian Agricultural Research Institute"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Islam first came to the western coast of India when Arab traders as early as the 7th century AD came to coastal Malabar and Konkan - Gujarat. Cheraman Juma Masjid in Kerala is thought to be the first mosque in India, built in 629 AD by Malik ibn Dinar. Following an expedition by the governor of Bahrain to Bharuch in the 7th century AD, immigrant Arab and Persian trading communities from South Arabia and the Persian Gulf began settling in coastal Gujarat. After the Islamic conquest of Persia was completed, the Muslim Arabs then began to move towards the lands east of Persia and in 652 captured Herat.",
"title": "Islam in South Asia"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Government of India has initiated the process to constitute the 7th Central Pay Commission along with finalisation of its Terms of Reference, the composition and the possible timeframe for submission of its Report. On 25 September 2013 then Finance Minister P Chidambaram announced that Prime Minister Manmohan Singh has approved the constitution of the 7th Pay Commission. Its recommendations are likely to be implemented with effect from 1 January 2016. Justice A.K Mathur will be heading the Seventh Pay Commission, announcement of which was done on 4 February 2014. On 29 June 2016, Government accepted the recommendation of 7th Pay Commission Report with meager increase in salary of 14% after six month of intense evaluation and successive discussions. The Finance Minister of India claimed it historical increase of salaries due to little knowledge of Sixth Pay Commission.",
"title": "Pay Commission"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ministry of Science and Technology Emblem of India Central overview Formed May 1971 Jurisdiction India Headquarters New Delhi Annual budget 2.1 billion US dollar (2017) Minister responsible Dr. Harsh Vardhan Central executive, Minister of Science and Technology Website dst.gov.in",
"title": "Ministry of Science and Technology (India)"
}
],
"question": "What is the 7th group that the prime minister of India is responsible to followed by?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Lok Sabha",
"id": 89354,
"paragraph_support_idx": 12,
"question": "the priminister of india is responsible to whom"
},
{
"answer": "8th Lok Sabha",
"id": 748248,
"paragraph_support_idx": 3,
"question": "7th #1 >> followed by"
}
]
} |
3hop1__836668_533132_1660 | What is the size of the place where the lyricist of The Scottsboro Boys died in square miles? | 305 | [
"305"
] | {
"answer": "305",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "3hop1__836668_533132_1660",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Before the secession of Texas, Mexico comprised almost 1,700,000 sq mi (4,400,000 km), but by 1849 it was just under 800,000 square miles (2,100,000 km). Another 30,000 square miles (78,000 km) were sold to the U.S. in the Gadsden Purchase of 1853, so the total reduction of Mexican territory was more than 55%, or 900,000 square miles (2,300,000 km).",
"title": "Mexican–American War"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State. The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, the Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898. With a census-estimated 2014 population of 8,491,079 distributed over a land area of just 305 square miles (790 km2), New York is the most densely populated major city in the United States. As many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world. By 2014 census estimates, the New York City metropolitan region remains by a significant margin the most populous in the United States, as defined by both the Metropolitan Statistical Area (20.1 million residents) and the Combined Statistical Area (23.6 million residents). In 2013, the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product (GMP) of nearly US$1.39 trillion, while in 2012, the CSA generated a GMP of over US$1.55 trillion, both ranking first nationally by a wide margin and behind the GDP of only twelve and eleven countries, respectively.",
"title": "New York City"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Oklahoma City Police Department, has a uniformed force of 1,169 officers and 300+ civilian employees. The Department has a central police station and five substations covering 2,500 police reporting districts that average 1/4 square mile in size.",
"title": "Oklahoma City"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 436 square miles (1,130 km2), of which 431 square miles (1,120 km2) is land and 5.0 square miles (13 km2) (1.2%) is water. It is the fifth-smallest county in Wisconsin by total area.",
"title": "Washington County, Wisconsin"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "This is a list of the 565 municipalities in the U.S. state of New Jersey, ordered by population. There are five types of municipality in the state -- boroughs (250), cities (52), towns (15), townships (245), and villages (4). New Jersey, the fourth - smallest state, covers 8,722 square miles (22,590 km), meaning the average land size of a municipality in the state is about 15 square miles (39 km) -- but note the wide range of actual sizes in the map at right.",
"title": "List of municipalities in New Jersey"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "As of the census of 2000, there are 84,084 people, 44,497 households, and 16,775 families in the city. The population density is 10,178.7 inhabitants per square mile (3,930.4/km²). There are 47,863 housing units at an average density of 5,794.0 per square mile (2,237.3/km²). The racial makeup of the city is 78.29% White, 7.25% Asian, 3.78% African American, 0.47% Native American, 0.10% Pacific Islander, 5.97% from other races, and 4.13% from two or more races. 13.44% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are 44,497 households, out of which 15.8% have children under the age of 18, 27.5% are married couples living together, 7.5% have a female householder with no husband present, and 62.3% are non-families. 51.2% of all households are made up of individuals and 10.6% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 1.83 and the average family size is 2.80.",
"title": "Santa Monica, California"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "New York covers 54,555 square miles (141,300 km) and ranks as the 27th largest state by size. The highest elevation in New York is Mount Marcy in the Adirondacks, at 5,344 feet (1,629 meters) above sea level; while the state's lowest point is at sea level, on the Atlantic Ocean.",
"title": "New York (state)"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 620.34 square miles (1,606.7 km2), of which, 601.11 square miles (1,556.9 km2) of it is land and 19.23 square miles (49.8 km2) of it is water. The total area is 3.09 percent water.",
"title": "Oklahoma City"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The origin of Tom Robinson is less clear, although many have speculated that his character was inspired by several models. When Lee was 10 years old, a white woman near Monroeville accused a black man named Walter Lett of raping her. The story and the trial were covered by her father's newspaper which reported that Lett was convicted and sentenced to death. After a series of letters appeared claiming Lett had been falsely accused, his sentence was commuted to life in prison. He died there of tuberculosis in 1937. Scholars believe that Robinson's difficulties reflect the notorious case of the Scottsboro Boys, in which nine black men were convicted of raping two white women on negligible evidence. However, in 2005, Lee stated that she had in mind something less sensational, although the Scottsboro case served \"the same purpose\" to display Southern prejudices. Emmett Till, a black teenager who was murdered for flirting with a white woman in Mississippi in 1955, and whose death is credited as a catalyst for the Civil Rights Movement, is also considered a model for Tom Robinson.",
"title": "To Kill a Mockingbird"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The 1,189 sq mi (3,080 km) park is roughly the size of the U.S. state of Rhode Island and contains thousands of lakes and ponds, 1,600 miles (2,600 km) of streams, 800 miles (1,300 km) of hiking trails, and 350 miles (560 km) of roads. Two federally designated Wild and Scenic Rivers, the Merced and the Tuolumne, begin within Yosemite's borders and flow westward through the Sierra foothills, into the Central Valley of California. On average, about 4 million people visit the park each year, with most visitor use concentrated in the seven - square - mile (18 km) area of Yosemite Valley.",
"title": "Yosemite National Park"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Counties of Georgia Location State of Georgia Number 159 Populations Greatest: 1,010,562 (Fulton) Least: 1,680 (Taliaferro) Average: 64,845 (2016) Areas Largest: 903 square miles (2,340 km) (Ware) Smallest: 121 square miles (310 km) (Clarke) Average: 374 square miles (970 km) Government County government Subdivisions Cities, towns, unincorporated communities, census designated place",
"title": "List of counties in Georgia"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Scottsboro Boys is a musical with a book by David Thompson, music by John Kander and lyrics by Fred Ebb. Based on the Scottsboro Boys trial, the musical is one of the last collaborations between Kander and Ebb prior to the latter's death. The musical has the framework of a minstrel show, altered to \"create a musical social critique\" with a company that, except for one, consists \"entirely of African-American performers\".",
"title": "The Scottsboro Boys (musical)"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "As of the census of 2000, there were 1,651 people, 666 households, and 440 families residing in the county. The population density was 0.39 people per square mile (0.15/km²). There were 1,025 housing units at an average density of 0.25 per square mile (0.09/km²).",
"title": "Eureka County, Nevada"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The rooks are placed on the outside corners, right and left edge. The knights are placed immediately inside of the rooks. The bishops are placed immediately inside of the knights. The queen is placed on the central square of the same color of that of the player: white queen on the white square and black queen on the black square. The king takes the vacant spot next to the queen. The pawns are placed one square in front of all of the other pieces.",
"title": "Rules of chess"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "\"Theme from \"New York, New York\"\" (or \"New York, New York\") is the theme song from the Martin Scorsese film \"New York, New York\" (1977), composed by John Kander, with lyrics by Fred Ebb. It was written for and performed in the film by Liza Minnelli. It remains one of the best-known songs about New York City. In 2004 it finished #31 on AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs survey of top tunes in American Cinema.",
"title": "Theme from New York, New York"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,070 square miles (2,800 km2), of which 1,067 square miles (2,760 km2) is land and 3.2 square miles (8.3 km2) (0.3%) is water.",
"title": "Gonzales County, Texas"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "One acre equals 0.0015625 square miles, 4,840 square yards, 43,560 square feet or about 4,047 square metres (0.4047 hectares) (see below). While all modern variants of the acre contain 4,840 square yards, there are alternative definitions of a yard, so the exact size of an acre depends on which yard it is based. Originally, an acre was understood as a selion of land sized at forty perches (660 ft, or 1 furlong) long and four perches (66 ft) wide; this may have also been understood as an approximation of the amount of land a yoke of oxen could plough in one day. A square enclosing one acre is approximately 69.57 yards, or 208 feet 9 inches (63.61 metres) on a side. As a unit of measure, an acre has no prescribed shape; any area of 43,560 square feet is an acre.",
"title": "Acre"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The rural Plains have lost a third of their population since 1920. Several hundred thousand square miles (several hundred thousand square kilometers) of the Great Plains have fewer than 6 inhabitants per square mile (2.3 inhabitants per square kilometer)—the density standard Frederick Jackson Turner used to declare the American frontier \"closed\" in 1893. Many have fewer than 2 inhabitants per square mile (0.77 inhabitants per square kilometer). There are more than 6,000 ghost towns in the state of Kansas alone, according to Kansas historian Daniel Fitzgerald. This problem is often exacerbated by the consolidation of farms and the difficulty of attracting modern industry to the region. In addition, the smaller school-age population has forced the consolidation of school districts and the closure of high schools in some communities. The continuing population loss has led some to suggest that the current use of the drier parts of the Great Plains is not sustainable, and there has been a proposal - the \"Buffalo Commons\" - to return approximately 139,000 square miles (360,000 km2) of these drier parts to native prairie land.",
"title": "Great Plains"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Miglia Quadrato is an annual car treasure hunt which takes place on the second or third weekend in May within the City of London (known as the 'Square Mile'). It is organised by the United Hospitals and University of London Motoring Club (UHULMC). The event has a long history - the fifty-ninth event took place on the evening/morning of 18/19 May 2019.",
"title": "Miglia Quadrato"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "As of the 2010 census, there were 579,999 people, 230,233 households, and 144,120 families residing in the city. The population density was 956.4 inhabitants per square mile (321.9/km²). There were 256,930 housing units at an average density of 375.9 per square mile (145.1/km²).",
"title": "Oklahoma City"
}
],
"question": "What is the size of the place where the lyricist of The Scottsboro Boys died in square miles?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Fred Ebb",
"id": 836668,
"paragraph_support_idx": 11,
"question": "The Scottsboro Boys >> lyrics by"
},
{
"answer": "New York City",
"id": 533132,
"paragraph_support_idx": 14,
"question": "#1 >> place of death"
},
{
"answer": "305",
"id": 1660,
"paragraph_support_idx": 1,
"question": "What is the size of #2 in square miles?"
}
]
} |
2hop__377821_523858 | Who founded the military branch that Matej Kocak served in? | Samuel Nicholas | [
"Samuel Nicholas"
] | {
"answer": "Samuel Nicholas",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__377821_523858",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "All My Loved Ones () is a 1999 Czech-language film directed by Matej Mináč. It was an international co-production between Poland, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. It was Slovakia's official Best Foreign Language Film submission at the 72nd Academy Awards, but did not manage to receive a nomination.",
"title": "All My Loved Ones"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Matej Hočevar (born Ljubljana, 30 April 1982) is a Slovenian professional ice hockey player currently with HDD Olimpija Ljubljana of the Austrian Hockey League (EBEL). He participated at the 2011 IIHF World Championship as a member of the Slovenia men's national ice hockey team.",
"title": "Matej Hočevar"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Broadway Federal Bank is a community bank founded in 1946 and based in Los Angeles. As of 2011, it owned and operated three traditional branches and one loan production office.",
"title": "Broadway Federal Bank"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "A spruce is a tree of the genus Picea / paɪˈsiːə /, a genus of about 35 species of coniferous evergreen trees in the family Pinaceae, found in the northern temperate and boreal (taiga) regions of the Earth. Spruces are large trees, from about 20 -- 60 m (about 60 -- 200 ft) tall when mature, and can be distinguished by their whorled branches and conical form. The needles, or leaves, of spruces are attached singly to the branches in a spiral fashion, each needle on a small, peg - like structure. The needles are shed when 4 -- 10 years old, leaving the branches rough with the retained pegs (an easy means of distinguishing them from other similar genera, where the branches are fairly smooth).",
"title": "Spruce"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Andromeda I was discovered by Sidney van den Bergh in 1970 with the Mount Palomar Observatory 48-inch telescope. Further study of Andromeda I was done by the WFPC2 camera of the Hubble Space Telescope. This found that the horizontal branch stars, like other dwarf spheroidal galaxies were predominantly red. From this, and the abundance of blue horizontal branch stars, along with 99 RR Lyrae stars detected in 2005, lead to the conclusion there was an extended epoch of star formation. The estimated age is approximately 10 Gyr. The Hubble telescope also found a globular cluster in Andromeda I, being the least luminous galaxy where such a cluster was found.",
"title": "Andromeda I"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "NYAV Post is an American recording studio located in New York City. It was founded by Michael Sinterniklaas in 2000, with a West Coast branch located in Los Angeles, California.",
"title": "NYAV Post"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The AK-63 (also known in Hungarian military service as the AMM) is a Hungarian variant of the AKM assault rifle manufactured by the Fegyver- és Gépgyár (FÉG) state arms plant in Hungary. It is currently used by the Hungarian Ground Forces as its standard infantry weapon, and by most other branches of the Hungarian Defence Forces.",
"title": "AK-63"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Congregation of the Most Holy Rosary of the Order of Preachers, better known as the Sinsinawa Dominican Sisters is an American religious institute of the Regular, or religious branch of the Third Order of St. Dominic. It was founded in 1847. The General Motherhouse is located in Sinsinawa, Wisconsin.",
"title": "Sinsinawa Dominican Sisters"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ernest Carroll Moore (1871–1955) was an American educator. He co-founded the University of California, Southern Branch, in Los Angeles, California.",
"title": "Ernest Carroll Moore"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Samuel Nicholas (1744 – 27 August 1790) was the first officer commissioned in the United States Continental Marines (predecessor to the United States Marine Corps) and by tradition is considered to be the first Commandant of the Marine Corps.",
"title": "Samuel Nicholas"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Bustec was founded in 1997, in Ireland by Dr. Fred Bloennigen, current CEO. In 2000 the company opened its branch in the USA.",
"title": "Bustec"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff is, by law, the highest - ranking military officer of the United States Armed Forces, and the principal military adviser to the President of the United States. He leads the meetings and coordinates the efforts of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, comprising the chairman, the Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the Chief of Staff of the United States Army, the Commandant of the United States Marine Corps, the Chief of Naval Operations, the Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force, and the Chief of the National Guard Bureau. The Joint Chiefs of Staff have offices in The Pentagon. The chairman outranks all respective heads of each service branch, but does not have command authority over them, their service branches or the Unified Combatant Commands. All combatant commanders receive operational orders directly from the Secretary of Defense.",
"title": "Joint Chiefs of Staff"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Matej Kocak (December 3, 1882 – October 4, 1918), a United States Marine Corps sergeant, was posthumously awarded both the Army and Navy Medals of Honor, for \"heroism above and beyond the call of duty\" in action against the enemy on July 18, 1918. Less than three months after his act of heroism he was killed in action by enemy gunfire in the Battle of Blanc Mont Ridge in France while serving as a member of the 66th Company, 5th Regiment.",
"title": "Matej Kocak"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Armed Forces of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Вооружённые Силы Союза Советских Социалистических Республик Vooruzhonnyye Sily Soyuza Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik Founded 15 January 1918 Current form 23 February 1946 Disbanded 25 December 1991 Service branches Soviet Army Soviet Air Forces Soviet Navy Soviet Air Defence Forces Strategic Missile Troops Headquarters Moscow, Russian SFSR Leadership Supreme Commander Joseph Stalin (1941 -- 1953) Mikhail Gorbachev (1990 -- 1991) Minister of Defence Joseph Stalin (1946 -- 1947) Yevgeny Shaposhnikov (1991) Chief of the General Staff Aleksandr Vasilevsky (1946 -- 1948) Vladimir Lobov (1991) Manpower Military age 18 -- 27 Conscription 18 Available for military service 92,345,764 (1991), age 18 -- 27 Active personnel 4,230,920 (1991) Expenditures Budget $300 billion (1990) Percent of GDP 15 - 17% (1989) Related articles History Military history of the Soviet Union Ranks Military ranks of the Soviet Union",
"title": "Soviet Armed Forces"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Twin Branch is an unincorporated community in McDowell County, West Virginia, United States. Twin Branch is west-southwest of Davy. It was founded by Henry Ford as a mining community.",
"title": "Twin Branch, West Virginia"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ernest Higa is an entrepreneur born in Hawaii, who founded the Domino's Pizza franchise in Japan. Ernest Higa graduated from Columbia University, and founded the first branch in Ebisu in September 1984. He is a member of Keizai Dōyukai, a major Japanese business group. In December 2011 he helped Wendy's return to Japan.",
"title": "Ernest Higa"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The United States Air Force (USAF) is the aerial warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the seven American uniformed services. Initially part of the United States Army, the USAF was formed as a separate branch of the military on 18 September 1947 under the National Security Act of 1947. It is the most recent branch of the U.S. military to be formed, and is the largest and one of the world's most technologically advanced air forces. The USAF articulates its core functions as Nuclear Deterrence Operations, Special Operations, Air Superiority, Global Integrated ISR, Space Superiority, Command and Control, Cyberspace Superiority, Personnel Recovery, Global Precision Attack, Building Partnerships, Rapid Global Mobility and Agile Combat Support.",
"title": "United States Air Force"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ross Siragusa founded Continental Radio and Television Corp. as a maker of consumer electronics (radios and phonographs) in Chicago during 1934. This later became Admiral Corp. Its annual sales were about $2 million. Admiral supplied the U.S. military with electronic equipment during World War II, and was one of the major television manufacturers in the early era of that medium. In 1950, for instance, Admiral was selling a line of seven TV sets, with four models having a tube size (between $179.95 and $379.95, equivalent to to today), a model at $299.95 (), and two models (at $495 and $695, equivalent to and ). Success in television sales enabled the company to branch out into major appliances such as refrigerators by the 1950s.",
"title": "Admiral (electrical appliances)"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Republic of China Military Police (ROCMP; ) is a military police body under the Ministry of National Defense of Taiwan (Republic of China). Unlike military police in many other countries, ROCMP is a separate branch of the ROC Armed Forces. ROCMP is responsible for protecting government leaders from assassination or capture, guarding Taiwan’s strategic facilities, and counterintelligence against enemy infiltrators, spies, and saboteurs.",
"title": "Republic of China Military Police"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Korean People's Army 조선인민군 Flag of the Korean People's Army Ground Force is used to represent the entire Korean People's Army. Founded April 25, 1932 Current form February 8, 1948 Service branches Korean People's Army Ground Force Korean People's Army Air Force Korean People's Army Naval Force Strategic Force Special Operation Force Headquarters Pyongyang, North Korea Leadership Supreme Commander Marshal Kim Jong - un Minister of the Armed Forces General No Kwang - chol Chief of the General Staff Vice Marshal Ri Yong - gil Manpower Military age 17 Conscription 18 Available for military service 12,933,972, age 15 - 29 Fit for military service 4,836,567 males, age 15 - 29, 5,230,137 females, age 15 - 29 Reaching military age annually 207,737 males, 204,553 females Active personnel 945,000 (2018) Reserve personnel 5,500,000 (2018) Expenditures Budget $10 Billion (2018) Percent of GDP 25% Related articles Ranks Comparative military ranks of Korea",
"title": "Korean People's Army"
}
],
"question": "Who founded the military branch that Matej Kocak served in?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "United States Marine Corps",
"id": 377821,
"paragraph_support_idx": 12,
"question": "Matej Kocak >> military branch"
},
{
"answer": "Samuel Nicholas",
"id": 523858,
"paragraph_support_idx": 9,
"question": "#1 >> founded by"
}
]
} |
3hop2__136840_360318_807056 | Walnut Corner, in the same county as Whitewater and the same state The Ernest Green Story takes place in, is in which country? | U.S. | [
"U.S.",
"America",
"U.S",
"the United States",
"the U.S.",
"United States",
"US"
] | {
"answer": "U.S.",
"answer_aliases": [
"America",
"U.S",
"the United States",
"the U.S.",
"United States",
"US"
],
"answerable": true,
"id": "3hop2__136840_360318_807056",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Four Corners is an unincorporated community in Contra Costa County, California, United States. It is located north-northeast of Walnut Creek, at an elevation of 49 feet (15 m).",
"title": "Four Corners, Contra Costa County, California"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Ernest Green Story is a 1993 made-for-television movie which follows the true story of Ernest Green (Morris Chestnut) and eight other African-American high-school students (dubbed the \"Little Rock Nine\") as they embark on their historic journey to integrate Little Rock Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, in 1957. The film was developed and executive produced by Carol Ann Abrams. Much of the movie was filmed on location at Central High School.",
"title": "The Ernest Green Story"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "British Togoland, officially the Mandate Territory of Togoland and later officially the Trust Territory of Togoland, was a territory in West Africa, under the administration of the United Kingdom. It was effectively formed in 1916 by the splitting of the German protectorate of Togoland into two territories, French Togoland and British Togoland, during the First World War. Initially, it was a League of Nations Class B mandate. In 1922, British Togoland was formally placed under British rule while French Togoland, now Togo, was placed under French rule.",
"title": "British Togoland"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Long Creek Academy is a former Christian school that is located at the intersection of Academy Road and South Carolina S-37-339 near U.S. Route 76 near Long Creek, South Carolina in Oconee County. It was named to the National Register of Historic Places on November 20, 1987. It is currently used by a whitewater rafting company.",
"title": "Long Creek Academy"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Wetheringsett-cum-Brockford is a civil parish in the Mid Suffolk district of Suffolk in eastern England. The parish contains the village of Wetheringsett, together with the hamlets of Blacksmith's Green, Broad Green, Brockford Street (located on the A140), Brockford Green, Knaves Green, Page's Green, Park Green, Pitman's Corner, Wetherup Street and White Horse Corner. In the 2011 census, the population was 669. Wetheringsett-cum-Brockford is home to the All Saints Church and the Wetheringsett Church of England Voluntary Controlled Primary School. The parish also contains 55 listed buildings.",
"title": "Wetheringsett-cum-Brockford"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "George Rogers House is a private home in Lake Oswego, Oregon, United States. Located at the corner of Durham Street and Wilbur Street, the house was the home of George Rogers, who donated the land to the City of Lake Oswego that became George Rogers Park. During the time that Lake Oswego was an industrial town, the park was the location of Lake Oswego's China Town district. Built in 1929, the two-story craftsman house was added to the United States National Register of Historic Places listings in 1996.",
"title": "George Rogers House (Lake Oswego, Oregon)"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Poeppel Corner (known as Poeppel's Corner in Queensland) at latitude 26° S and longitude 138° E is a corner of state boundaries in Australia, where the state of Queensland meets South Australia and the Northern Territory. As with the other three corners it is a destination for four-wheel-drive tourists. Poeppel Corner is about 174 km west of Birdsville, in the middle of the Simpson Desert.",
"title": "Poeppel Corner"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Biblioteca Ayacucho (\"Ayacucho Library\") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the \"Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho\". Its name, \"Ayacucho\", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent.",
"title": "Biblioteca Ayacucho"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Hanson Place Central United Methodist Church is a Methodist cathedral in the Fort Greene neighborhood of Brooklyn, New York City, located on the northwest corner of Hanson Place and St. Felix Street, adjacent to the Williamsburgh Savings Bank Tower. The church is the third Methodist church on the site. The present structure was built in 1929-31, and its architectural style has been called \"Gothic restyled in modern dress, an exercise in massing brick and tan terra cotta that might be called cubistic Art Moderne.\"",
"title": "Hanson Place Central United Methodist Church"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Walnut Shade is an unincorporated community in Taney County, Missouri, United States. It is located approximately six miles northwest of Forsyth on U.S. Route 160. The town sits at the confluence of Bull and Bear Creeks. Walnut Shade is part of the Branson, Missouri Micropolitan Statistical Area.",
"title": "Walnut Shade, Missouri"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Dutch Water Dreams (also known as \"DWD\") is an Olympic artificial whitewater and surfing centre, near Zoetermeer in The Netherlands. It is the only course of its kind in the country.",
"title": "Dutch Water Dreams"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Crisp is an unincorporated community in Ellis County, Texas, United States. It was the birthplace of country music star Ernest Tubb. It is located east of Waxahachie.",
"title": "Crisp, Texas"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.",
"title": "Bogotá"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Visa requirements for Canadian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Canada. As of 1 January 2018, Canadian citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 172 countries and territories, ranking the Canadian passport 6th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.",
"title": "Visa requirements for Canadian citizens"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Whitewater is a census-designated place and unincorporated community in Phillips County, Montana, United States. Its population was 64 as of the 2010 census. Whitewater has a post office with ZIP code 59544.",
"title": "Whitewater, Montana"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Walnut Corner is an unincorporated community in Phillips County, Arkansas, United States. Walnut Corner is located at the junction of U.S. Route 49, Arkansas Highway 1, and Arkansas Highway 85, south-southwest of Lexa.",
"title": "Walnut Corner, Phillips County, Arkansas"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Negaunee Township is a civil township of Marquette County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 2,707 at the 2000 census. The City of Negaunee is located at the southwest corner of the township, but is administratively autonomous.",
"title": "Negaunee Township, Michigan"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Case House was a historic home located at Parkersburg, Wood County, West Virginia, United States. It was built about 1901, and was a 2½-story brick dwelling in the Queen Anne style. It features a three-story, polygonal corner tower and a multigabled roof.",
"title": "Case House (Parkersburg, West Virginia)"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Masonic Building, located at 296 to 304 Walnut Street and 456 to 460 Newtonville Avenue in the village of Newtonville, in Newton, Massachusetts in the United States, is a historic building built in 1896 as a Masonic Lodge hall. It is a massive four-story redbrick Renaissance-style building with a turret on the corner and a steep slate pyramid roof. The upper floors are still used for meetings of Masonic lodges and appendant orders, while the lower floors are used for retail and office purposes. The building was approved for listing on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986, but due to owner objection it was not listed. However, it was included as a contributing property to the Newtonville Historic District when that district was expanded in 1990.",
"title": "Masonic Building (Newton, Massachusetts)"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Green Valley is an unincorporated census-designated place located in the town of Green Valley, Shawano County, Wisconsin, United States. Green Valley is east of Shawano. As of the 2010 census, its population was 133.",
"title": "Green Valley (CDP), Wisconsin"
}
],
"question": "Walnut Corner, in the same county as Whitewater and the same state The Ernest Green Story takes place in, is in which country?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Arkansas",
"id": 136840,
"paragraph_support_idx": 1,
"question": "Which place is The Ernest Green Story in?"
},
{
"answer": "Phillips County",
"id": 360318,
"paragraph_support_idx": 14,
"question": "Whitewater >> located in the administrative territorial entity"
},
{
"answer": "U.S.",
"id": 807056,
"paragraph_support_idx": 15,
"question": "Walnut Corner, #2 , #1 >> country"
}
]
} |
2hop__345770_34197 | How many deaths were caused by the fighting between Armenia and Mormor's country? | 30,000 | [
"30,000"
] | {
"answer": "30,000",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__345770_34197",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "A wide array of sports are played in Armenia, the most popular among them being wrestling, weightlifting, judo, association football, chess, and boxing. Armenia's mountainous terrain provides great opportunities for the practice of sports like skiing and climbing. Being a landlocked country, water sports can only be practiced on lakes, notably Lake Sevan. Competitively, Armenia has been successful in chess, weightlifting and wrestling at the international level. Armenia is also an active member of the international sports community, with full membership in the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) and International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). It also hosts the Pan-Armenian Games.",
"title": "Armenia"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Mormor is a village and municipality in the Gadabay Rayon of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 1,018. The municipality consists of the villages of Mormor and Zamanlı.",
"title": "Mormor"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Joan of Taranto (died March 1323) was Queen of Armenia by marriage to Oshin, King of Armenia. She was daughter of Philip I, Prince of Taranto, and his first wife Thamar Angelina Komnene. She was a member of the Capetian House of Anjou.",
"title": "Joan of Taranto"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "One-third of the world's population is thought to be infected with TB. New infections occur in about 1% of the population each year. In 2014, there were 9.6 million cases of active TB which resulted in 1.5 million deaths. More than 95% of deaths occurred in developing countries. The number of new cases each year has decreased since 2000. About 80% of people in many Asian and African countries test positive while 5–10% of people in the United States population tests positive by the tuberculin test. Tuberculosis has been present in humans since ancient times.",
"title": "Tuberculosis"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Much of the fighting in World War I took place along the Western Front, within a system of opposing manned trenches and fortifications (separated by a \"No man's land\") running from the North Sea to the border of Switzerland. On the Eastern Front, the vast eastern plains and limited rail network prevented a trench warfare stalemate from developing, although the scale of the conflict was just as large. Hostilities also occurred on and under the sea and—for the first time—from the air. More than 9 million soldiers died on the various battlefields, and nearly that many more in the participating countries' home fronts on account of food shortages and genocide committed under the cover of various civil wars and internal conflicts. Notably, more people died of the worldwide influenza outbreak at the end of the war and shortly after than died in the hostilities. The unsanitary conditions engendered by the war, severe overcrowding in barracks, wartime propaganda interfering with public health warnings, and migration of so many soldiers around the world helped the outbreak become a pandemic.",
"title": "Modern history"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Orontid Armenia formally passed to empire of Alexander the Great following his conquest of Persia. Alexander appointed an Orontid named Mithranes to govern Armenia. Armenia later became a vassal state of the Seleucid Empire, but it maintained a considerable degree of autonomy, retaining its native rulers. Towards the end 212 BC the country was divided into two kingdoms, Greater Armenia and Armenia Sophene including Commagene or Armenia Minor. The kingdoms became so independent from Seleucid control that Antiochus III the Great waged war on them during his reign and replaced their rulers.",
"title": "Hellenistic period"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Alexander Grigori Arutiunian (), also known as Arutunian, Arutyunyan, Arutjunjan, Harutyunian or Harutiunian (23 September 1920 – 28 March 2012), was a Soviet and Armenian composer and pianist, widely known for his 1950 trumpet concerto. A professor at Yerevan State Conservatory, he was recognized with many awards for his work, including the Stalin Prize in 1949 and People's Artist of the USSR in 1970, as well as numerous honors from his homeland of Armenia.",
"title": "Alexander Arutiunian"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Karabakh war ended after a Russian-brokered cease-fire was put in place in 1994. The war was a success for the Karabakh Armenian forces who managed to capture 16% of Azerbaijan's internationally recognised territory including Nagorno-Karabakh itself. Since then, Armenia and Azerbaijan have held peace talks, mediated by the Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). The status of Karabakh has yet to be determined. The economies of both countries have been hurt in the absence of a complete resolution and Armenia's borders with Turkey and Azerbaijan remain closed. By the time both Azerbaijan and Armenia had finally agreed to a ceasefire in 1994, an estimated 30,000 people had been killed and over a million had been displaced.",
"title": "Armenia"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Embassy of Armenia in London is the diplomatic mission of Armenia in the United Kingdom. Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established in 1992.",
"title": "Embassy of Armenia, London"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The first geographical entity that was called Armenia by neighboring peoples (such as by Hecataeus of Miletus and on the Achaemenid Behistun Inscription) was established in the late 6th century BC under the Orontid dynasty within the Achaemenid Persian Empire as part of the latters' territories, and which later became a kingdom. At its zenith (95–65 BC), the state extended from the Caucasus all the way to what is now central Turkey, Lebanon, and northern Iran. The imperial reign of Tigranes the Great is thus the span of time during which Armenia itself conquered areas populated by other peoples.",
"title": "Armenians"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Armenia–Singapore relations refers to bilateral foreign relations between the two countries, Armenia and Singapore. Neither country has a resident ambassador. The Embassy of Armenia in Beijing, China is accredited to Singapore. Singapore has no representation in Armenia.",
"title": "Armenia–Singapore relations"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "There are many missionary groups operating in the country, including Lutherans, Baptists, Catholics, Grace Brethren, and Jehovah's Witnesses. While these missionaries are predominantly from the United States, France, Italy, and Spain, many are also from Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and other African countries. Large numbers of missionaries left the country when fighting broke out between rebel and government forces in 2002–3, but many of them have now returned to continue their work.",
"title": "Central African Republic"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The exonym Armenia is attested in the Old Persian Behistun Inscription (515 BC) as Armina ( ). The ancient Greek terms Ἀρμενία (Armenía) and Ἀρμένιοι (Arménioi, \"Armenians\") are first mentioned by Hecataeus of Miletus (c. 550 BC – c. 476 BC). Xenophon, a Greek general serving in some of the Persian expeditions, describes many aspects of Armenian village life and hospitality in around 401 BC. He relates that the people spoke a language that to his ear sounded like the language of the Persians. According to the histories of both Moses of Chorene and Michael Chamchian, Armenia derives from the name of Aram, a lineal descendant of Hayk.",
"title": "Armenia"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Native American name controversy is an ongoing dispute over the acceptable ways to refer to the indigenous peoples of the Americas and to broad subsets thereof, such as those living in a specific country or sharing certain cultural attributes. When discussing broader subsets of peoples, naming may be based on shared language, region, or historical relationship. Many English exonyms have been used to refer to the indigenous peoples of the Americas. Some of these names were based on foreign-language terms used by earlier explorers and colonists, while others resulted from the colonists' attempt to translate endonyms from the native language into their own, and yet others were pejorative terms arising out of prejudice and fear, during periods of conflict.",
"title": "Indigenous peoples of the Americas"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In the next centuries, Armenia was in the Persian Empire's sphere of influence during the reign of Tiridates I, the founder of the Arsacid dynasty of Armenia, which itself was a branch of the eponymous Arsacid dynasty of Parthia. Throughout its history, the kingdom of Armenia enjoyed both periods of independence and periods of autonomy subject to contemporary empires. Its strategic location between two continents has subjected it to invasions by many peoples, including the Assyrians (under Ashurbanipal, at around 669–627 BC, the boundaries of the Assyrian Empire reached as far as Armenia & the Caucasus Mountains), Medes, Achaemenid Persians, Greeks, Parthians, Romans, Sassanid Persians, Byzantines, Arabs, Seljuks, Mongols, Ottomans, successive Iranian Safavids, Afsharids, and Qajars, and the Russians.",
"title": "Armenia"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "To advance these goals, it sought to send a mission led by a bishop into Central Africa; Charles Mackenzie was duly consecrated in 1860 and led an expedition in 1861 up the Zambezi into the Shire Highlands. This first expedition was more or less disastrous. The area chosen as a base, near Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi), proved highly malarial; Bishop Mackenzie died there of the disease on 31 January 1862, along with many local people and three others among the tiny missionary party. Early conversion efforts from this base yielded little result, and supplies ran out or were destroyed during a period of famine. The mission then withdrew from the area, abandoning the graves of the missionaries who had died there, and though it established a new presence in Zanzibar many years passed before it returned to Malawi. Bishop Tozer, Mackenzie's successor, deemed the mission's early years ``a miserable failure ''.",
"title": "Universities' Mission to Central Africa"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "One of its earliest massive implementations was brought about by Egyptians against the British occupation in the 1919 Revolution. Civil disobedience is one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws. It has been used in many nonviolent resistance movements in India (Gandhi's campaigns for independence from the British Empire), in Czechoslovakia's Velvet Revolution and in East Germany to oust their communist governments, In South Africa in the fight against apartheid, in the American Civil Rights Movement, in the Singing Revolution to bring independence to the Baltic countries from the Soviet Union, recently with the 2003 Rose Revolution in Georgia and the 2004 Orange Revolution in Ukraine, among other various movements worldwide.",
"title": "Civil disobedience"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Dominik Florian Brunner (born 18 May 1959 in Stuttgart, died 12 September 2009 in Munich) was a German businessman. He was the CFO of Erlus AG, Germany’s largest roof tile manufacturer. He was killed in a fight which resulted from Brunner trying to protect a group of school children from attacks by teenagers.",
"title": "Dominik Brunner"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ashot IV (, died c. 1040–41), surnamed Kaj, i.e. \"the Brave, the Valiant\", was the younger son of King Gagik I of Armenia.",
"title": "Ashot IV"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Historically, the name Armenian has come to internationally designate this group of people. It was first used by neighbouring countries of ancient Armenia. The earliest attestations of the exonym Armenia date around the 6th century BC. In his trilingual Behistun Inscription dated to 517 BC, Darius I the Great of Persia refers to Urashtu (in Babylonian) as Armina (in Old Persian; Armina ( ) and Harminuya (in Elamite). In Greek, Αρμένιοι \"Armenians\" is attested from about the same time, perhaps the earliest reference being a fragment attributed to Hecataeus of Miletus (476 BC). Xenophon, a Greek general serving in some of the Persian expeditions, describes many aspects of Armenian village life and hospitality in around 401 BC. He relates that the people spoke a language that to his ear sounded like the language of the Persians.",
"title": "Armenians"
}
],
"question": "How many deaths were caused by the fighting between Armenia and Mormor's country?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Azerbaijan",
"id": 345770,
"paragraph_support_idx": 1,
"question": "Mormor >> country"
},
{
"answer": "30,000",
"id": 34197,
"paragraph_support_idx": 7,
"question": "How many people died as a result of the fighting betwen Armenia and #1 ?"
}
]
} |
2hop__324357_52448 | What age did the performer of 7 Things start Hannah Montana? | eleven years old | [
"eleven years old"
] | {
"answer": "eleven years old",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__324357_52448",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "KHKM (98.7 FM, \"Max 98-7 & 96-9\") is a commercial radio station licensed to Hamilton, Montana, and serves the Missoula, Montana area. KHKM airs a variety hits music format.",
"title": "KHKM"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Hannah Montana, also known as Hannah Montana Forever in its fourth and final season, is an American musical comedy television series created by Michael Poryes, Rich Correll, and Barry O'Brien. It focuses on Miley Stewart (portrayed by Miley Cyrus), who is a teenager living a double life as an average schoolgirl by day and as the famous recording artist Hannah Montana by night. The story follows the daily life of Stewart, her brother, and her friends while also starring Cyrus's country singer father Billy Ray Cyrus as her dad.",
"title": "Hannah Montana"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Hayley Chase is an American actress, known for her many dramatic and comedic guest starring roles on television as well as her recurring role as Joannie Palumbo on \"Hannah Montana\". She has starred in numerous television ads such as Yoplait and AT&T.",
"title": "Hayley Chase"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The theme song for Hannah Montana is \"The Best of Both Worlds\" written by Matthew Gerrard and Robbie Nevil, produced by Gerrard and performed by Miley Cyrus (as Hannah Montana). John Carta, who also composed the music cues to signify scene changes and commercial breaks for the first season, composed the music for the song. The song's lyrics describe the basic premise of the television series.",
"title": "Hannah Montana"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Cyrus auditioned for the Disney Channel television series Hannah Montana when she was eleven years old. She auditioned for the role of the title character's best friend, but was called to audition for the lead role instead. Despite being denied the part at first because she was too ``young and small ''for the role, she was selected later as the lead because of her singing and acting abilities. The series premiered in March 2006 to the largest audience for a Disney Channel program, and quickly ranked among the highest - rated series on basic cable. The instant success of the series led to Cyrus being labeled a`` teen idol''. She toured with The Cheetah Girls as Hannah Montana in September 2006, performing songs from the show's first season. Walt Disney Records released a soundtrack credited to Cyrus' character in October of that year. The record was a commercial success, topping the Billboard 200 chart in the United States; it went on to sell over three million copies worldwide. With the release of the soundtrack, Cyrus became the first act within The Walt Disney Company to have deals in television, film, consumer products, and music. She had a two - year relationship with actor Tyler Posey. Cyrus has stated that she dated singer and actor Nick Jonas from June 2006 to December 2007, claiming they were ``in love ''and began dating soon after they first met. Her relationship with Jonas, as well as her`` spoofing'' fellow Disney alums Selena Gomez and Demi Lovato, attracted considerable media attention. Cyrus came out as pansexual to her mother when she was 14, and has said: ``I never want to label myself! I am ready to love anyone that loves me for who I am! I am open. ''",
"title": "Miley Cyrus"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Hannah Montana and Miley Cyrus: Best of Both Worlds Concert is a 2008 American concert film produced and released by Walt Disney Pictures presented in Disney Digital 3-D. Released in the United States and Canada originally for one week, February 1–7, 2008, with release in other countries later on. The film is directed by Brice Smith and produced by Art Repola.",
"title": "Hannah Montana and Miley Cyrus: Best of Both Worlds Concert"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Hannah Dakota Fanning (born February 23, 1994) is an American actress and model. She rose to prominence at age seven for her performance as Lucy Dawson in the drama film I Am Sam (2001), for which she was nominated for a Screen Actors Guild Award at age eight, making her the youngest nominee in history. Thereafter, Fanning received additional recognition for appearances in the films Uptown Girls (2003), The Cat in the Hat (2003), Man on Fire (2004), War of the Worlds (2005), Dreamer (2005), and Charlotte's Web (2006).",
"title": "Dakota Fanning"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"I Wanna Know You\" is a duet by Hannah Montana and David Archuleta from the album \"Hannah Montana 3\". The song was first released on Radio Disney, May 2, 2009. The song was not released until its release with the album, \"Hannah Montana 3\" and it was not until post-release that the song garnered success in the United States.",
"title": "I Wanna Know You"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Hannah Montana Forever is the soundtrack album for the fourth and final season of the television series \"Hannah Montana\", released on October 15, 2010 by Walt Disney Records. All eleven tracks are performed by its primary actress Miley Cyrus, and are credited to her character Hannah Montana. Recording artists Billy Ray Cyrus, Iyaz, and Sheryl Crow appear as featured vocalists. The soundtrack is primarily a pop record, which sees additional influences from teen pop, pop rock, power pop, dance-pop, and country pop musical styles.",
"title": "Hannah Montana Forever"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Hannah Montana, also known as Hannah Montana Forever in its fourth and final season, is an American musical comedy television series created by Michael Poryes, Rich Correll, and Barry O'Brien. It focuses on Miley Stewart (portrayed by Miley Cyrus), who is a teenager living a double life as an average schoolgirl by day and as the famous recording artist Hannah Montana by night, which she keeps secret and only a few people know of her alter ego. The story follows the daily life of Stewart, her brother Jackson, her best friends Lily and Oliver, and her father Robby (Cyrus's real - life country singer father, Billy Ray Cyrus).",
"title": "Hannah Montana"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Chrissy Metz as Kate Pearson: Jack & Rebecca's daughter, and Kevin & Randall's sister. Also played by Hannah Zeile (age 15) and Mackenzie Hancsicsak (ages 8 -- 10).",
"title": "This Is Us"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ronnie Sessions (born December 7, 1948 in Henryetta, Oklahoma) is an American country music singer. Between 1972 and 1986, he recorded for MGM, MCA and Compleat. He also charted sixteen times on the Hot Country Songs charts, including the Top 20 hits \"Wiggle Wiggle\" and \"Me and Millie\". Sessions got his start at age nine, when he performed on the Trading Post Show.",
"title": "Ronnie Sessions"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Hannah Dakota Fanning (born February 23, 1994) is an American actress and model. She rose to prominence at the age of seven for her performance as Lucy Dawson in the drama film I Am Sam (2001), for which she received a Screen Actors Guild Award nomination at age eight, making her the youngest nominee in SAG history. Fanning played major roles in the films Uptown Girls (2003), The Cat in the Hat (2003), Man on Fire (2004), War of the Worlds (2005), Dreamer (2005) and Charlotte's Web (2006).",
"title": "Dakota Fanning"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "\"7 Things\" is a song by American singer Miley Cyrus. The song was co-written by Cyrus, Antonina Armato and Tim James, and produced by John Fields. It was released on June 17, 2008 by Hollywood Records as the lead single from the first studio album released by Cyrus with no ties to her character Hannah Montana from the Disney Channel comedy series of the same name. Also registered as \"Seven Things I Hate About You\", Cyrus developed the song during the Best of Both Worlds Tour while feeling numerous emotions for an ex-boyfriend, mainly anger. The song's release brought allegations that it was about Nick Jonas of the Jonas Brothers, which Cyrus neither confirmed nor denied. Musically, \"7 Things\" bears aspects of both country and pop punk, while the lyrics in the song's refrain list seven traits Cyrus hates about an ex-boyfriend.",
"title": "7 Things"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``I'll Always Remember You ''is the ninth episode of the fourth season, and 94th overall episode, of the Disney Channel sitcom series Hannah Montana. It was written by Andrew Green and Maria Brown - Gallenberg. It originally aired on November 7, 2010. The episode title is a reference to the Hannah Montana song`` I'll Always Remember You''. The one - hour episode is notable for being the first time Miley Stewart admits her secret to the world that she is Hannah Montana.",
"title": "I'll Always Remember You"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Breakout is the second studio album by American recording artist Miley Cyrus, released on July 22, 2008 by Hollywood Records. It is her first record that is not affiliated with the television series \"Hannah Montana\", in which Cyrus portrays the title character Hannah Montana. She co-wrote eight of its thirteen tracks, several of which with the assistance of Antonina Armato and Tim James. The majority of the record was composed as she traveled during her headlining Best of Both Worlds Tour (2007–08). Overall, \"Breakout\" is dominant on pop rock but explores a variety of other musical genres. Lyrical themes addressed in the album relate to breakups and coming of age. An international version was reissued on September 1, 2008.",
"title": "Breakout (Miley Cyrus album)"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"Supergirl\" is a pop song by American recording artist and actress Miley Cyrus, performing as Hannah Montana – the alter ego of Miley Stewart – a character she played on the Disney Channel television series \"Hannah Montana\". The song was written by Kara DioGuardi, in collaboration with Daniel James, and produced by Dreamlab. \"Supergirl\" was released on August 28, 2009, by Walt Disney Records as the lead and only single from the series' third soundtrack, \"Hannah Montana 3\". A karaoke version is available in \"Disney's Karaoke Series: Hannah Montana 3\". The song is characterized by dance-pop elements in its musical composition and contains lyrics regarding the lows of pop stardom.",
"title": "Supergirl (Hannah Montana song)"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"Achy Jakey Heart\" is a two-part episode of the television series \"Hannah Montana\". Both parts aired on June 24, 2007. The title \"Achy Jakey Heart\" is inspired by cast member Billy Ray Cyrus's song \"Achy Breaky Heart\".",
"title": "Achy Jakey Heart"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The song was later re-recorded in 2009 as a duet with fellow Disney Channel actor Corbin Bleu for the Hannah Montana 3 soundtrack album.",
"title": "If We Were a Movie"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``What's My Age Again? ''Single by Blink - 182 from the album Enema of the State Released April 1999 Format CD single 12'' vinyl 7 ''vinyl Recorded January -- March 1999 Signature Sound (San Diego, California) Genre Pop punk Length 2: 26 Label MCA Songwriter (s) Mark Hoppus Tom DeLonge Producer (s) Jerry Finn Blink - 182 singles chronology`` Josie'' (1998) ``What's My Age Again? ''(1999)`` All the Small Things'' (2000) ``Josie ''(1998)`` What's My Age Again?'' (1999) ``All the Small Things ''(2000)",
"title": "What's My Age Again?"
}
],
"question": "What age did the performer of 7 Things start Hannah Montana?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Miley Cyrus",
"id": 324357,
"paragraph_support_idx": 13,
"question": "7 Things >> performer"
},
{
"answer": "eleven years old",
"id": 52448,
"paragraph_support_idx": 4,
"question": "what age did #1 start hannah montana"
}
]
} |
2hop__526021_2702 | What subgenre of Johnson's kind of music do people feel Kanye helped depopularize? | gangsta rap | [
"gangsta rap",
"Gangsta rap"
] | {
"answer": "gangsta rap",
"answer_aliases": [
"Gangsta rap"
],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__526021_2702",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "West's middle-class background, flamboyant fashion sense and outspokenness have additionally set him apart from other rappers. Early in his career, he was among the first rappers to publicly criticize the preponderance of homophobia in hip hop. The sales competition between rapper 50 Cent's Curtis and West's Graduation altered the direction of hip hop and helped pave the way for new rappers who did not follow the hardcore-gangster mold. Rosie Swash of The Guardian viewed the sales competition as a historical moment in hip-hop, because it \"highlighted the diverging facets of hip-hop in the last decade; the former was gangsta rap for the noughties, while West was the thinking man's alternative.\" Rolling Stone credited West with transforming hip hop's mainstream, \"establishing a style of introspective yet glossy rap [...]\", and called him \"as interesting and complicated a pop star as the 2000s produced—a rapper who mastered, upped and moved beyond the hip-hop game, a producer who created a signature sound and then abandoned it to his imitators, a flashy, free-spending sybarite with insightful things to say about college, culture and economics, an egomaniac with more than enough artistic firepower to back it up.\" His 2008 album 808s & Heartbreak polarized both listeners and critics upon its release, but was commercially successful and impacted hip hop and pop stylistically, as it laid the groundwork for a new wave of artists who generally eschewed typical rap braggadocio for intimate subject matter and introspection, including Frank Ocean, The Weeknd, Drake, Future, Kid Cudi, Childish Gambino, Lil Durk, Chief Keef, and Soulja Boy. According to Ben Detrick of XXL magazine, West effectively led a new wave of artists, including Kid Cudi, Wale, Lupe Fiasco, Kidz in the Hall, and Drake, who lacked the interest or ability to rap about gunplay or drug-dealing.",
"title": "Kanye West"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Trebol Clan was a reggaeton group from Puerto Rico, introduced in the genre by DJ Joe. Trebol Clan is well known in the genre of Reggaeton. Formed by Periquito, Omar & Berto, Trebol Clan has been featured in Don Omar’s The Last Don and Los Bandoleros, Luny Tunes's Mas Flow 2 and have released one CD in the genre named Los Bacatranes. When they had their own label, they released an even greater production named (2008).",
"title": "Trebol Clan"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``Put On ''Single by Young Jeezy featuring Kanye West from the album The Recession Released June 3, 2008 (2008 - 06 - 03) Format CD digital download Recorded 2008 Genre Hip hop Length 5: 21 (album version) 4: 19 (radio edit) 4: 46 (video version) Label Corporate Thugz Def Jam Songwriter (s) Jay Jenkins Kanye West Producer (s) Drumma Boy Young Jeezy singles chronology`` Dreamin ''' (2007) Dreamin'2007 ``Put On ''(2008) Put On2008`` Out Here Grindin'' (2008) Out Here Grindin 2008 Kanye West singles chronology ``American Boy ''(2008) American Boy 2008`` Put On'' (2008) Put On2008 ``Swagga Like Us ''(2008) Swagga Like Us 2008",
"title": "Put On"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The brief flourishing of Utrecht Caravaggism ended around 1630. At that time, major artists had either died, as in the case of Baburen and ter Brugghen, or had changed style, like Honthorst's shift to portraiture and history scenes informed by the Flemish tendencies popularized by Peter Paul Rubens and his followers. They left a legacy, however, through their influence on Rembrandt's use of chiaroscuro and Gerrit Dou's \"niche paintings\" (a genre popularized by Honthorst).",
"title": "Utrecht Caravaggism"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Dunn's departure from the band, with Steingard replacing him on vocals marked the shift in the band's genre from fast-paced pop punk to a softer, contemporary alternative pop rock. On December 11, 2012, Hawk Nelson announced they had signed with Fair Trade Services. \"Made\" was released on April 2, 2013. The album's release was preceded by the release of the album's debut single on January 15, 2013, \"Words\", featuring Bart Millard of MercyMe, which reached No. 1 on the Christian Hot AC/CHR charts.",
"title": "Hawk Nelson"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``Turn Me On ''Single by Norah Jones from the album First Sessions / Come Away with Me Released 2003 Format CD single Recorded 2002 Genre Jazz, pop Length 2: 34 Label Blue Note Songwriter (s) John D. Loudermilk Producer (s) Lee Alexander, Norah Jones Norah Jones singles chronology`` Come Away with Me'' (2003) ``Turn Me On ''(2003)`` Sunrise'' (2004) ``Come Away with Me ''(2003)`` Turn Me On'' (2004) ``Sunrise ''(2004)",
"title": "Turn Me On (Mark Dinning song)"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Shades of Two Worlds is the tenth studio album by the Allman Brothers Band. Among the tracks are several longer songs of varying genres: the rock song \"Nobody Knows\"; jazzy instrumental \"Kind of Bird\"; and the blues-rocker \"Get On with Your Life\". Dickey Betts takes a more prominent role in songwriting here than on most other of the group's albums, writing or cowriting five of the eight songs. Newer member Warren Haynes also has co-writing credits on five songs. There is also a Delta Blues cover of Robert Johnson's \"Come On in My Kitchen\". This album is currently out of print in the U.S., but remains a popular favorite among the group's fans.",
"title": "Shades of Two Worlds"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Freddie Ross (born on January 28, 1978) is an American musician best known by the stage name Big Freedia ( ) and for work in the New Orleans genre of hip hop called bounce music. Freedia has been credited with helping popularize the genre, which was largely underground since developing in the early 1990s.",
"title": "Big Freedia"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Marc Kwabena Johnson (born 1979 in Svendborg), better known as Johnson, is a Danish rapper. Previously he was known as NiggerenISlæden (alias N.I.S.). Before his solo career, he was a member of the band B.A.N.G.E.R.S. and J.A.Z. and has collaborated with many Danish hip hop artists.",
"title": "Johnson (rapper)"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Who Moved My Cheese? Author Spencer Johnson Country United States Language English Genre Self - help / motivational Publisher Putnam Adult Publication date September 7, 1998 (1998 - 09 - 07) Media type Print (Paperback) Pages 32 pp. ISBN 0 - 399 - 14446 - 3 OCLC 38752984 Dewey Decimal 155.2 / 4 LC Class BF637. C4 J64 1998",
"title": "Who Moved My Cheese?"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``Drift Away ''Single by Dobie Gray from the album Drift Away B - side`` City Stars'' Released February 1973 Format 7 ''(45 rpm) Genre Pop Length 3: 54 Label Decca Songwriter (s) Mentor Williams Producer (s) Mentor Williams Dobie Gray singles chronology ``Rose Garden'' (1972)`` Drift Away ''(1973) ``Loving Arms'' (1973)`` Rose Garden ''(1972) ``Drift Away'' (1973)`` Loving Arms ''(1973)",
"title": "Drift Away"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Walter Ryerson Johnson (October 19, 1901 – May 24, 1995) was a 20th-century American pulp fiction writer and editor. He wrote in many genres, but is probably best known at having been one of the men who wrote Doc Savage novels, under the pseudonym Kenneth Robeson. He also published works under the names \"Matthew Blood\" and \"Peter Field.\"",
"title": "W. Ryerson Johnson"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Post-punk was an eclectic genre which resulted in a wide variety of musical innovations and helped merge white and black musical styles. Out of the post-punk milieu came the beginnings of various subsequent genres, including new wave, dance-rock, New Pop, industrial music, synthpop, post-hardcore, neo-psychedelia alternative rock and house music. Bands such as Joy Division, Siouxsie and the Banshees, Bauhaus and the Cure played in a darker, more morose style of post-punk that lead to the development of the gothic rock genre.",
"title": "Post-punk"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The music of Guinea-Bissau is usually associated with the polyrhythmic gumbe genre, the country's primary musical export. However, civil unrest and other factors have combined over the years to keep gumbe, and other genres, out of mainstream audiences, even in generally syncretist African countries.",
"title": "Guinea-Bissau"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"Scream\" is a song performed by American recording artist Kelis, taken from her fifth studio album, \"Flesh Tone\", written by Kelis and Jean Baptiste, and co-written and produced by David Guetta and El Tocadisco. It was released in October 2010, as the album's third single by will.i.am music, to coincide with the European leg of the Kelis' All Hearts tour. It was mainly met with positive reception from music critics, who praised the song's genre-shifting production and the empowering message in Kelis' lyrics.",
"title": "Scream (Kelis song)"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Pieter Aertsen (Amsterdam, 1508 – 3 June 1575), called \"Lange Piet\" (\"Tall Pete\") because of his height, was a Dutch painter in the style of Northern Mannerism. He is credited with the invention of the monumental genre scene, which combines still life and genre painting and often also includes a biblical scene in the background. He was active in his native city Amsterdam but also worked for a long period in Antwerp, then the centre of artistic life in the Netherlands.",
"title": "Pieter Aertsen"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Willard Earl Pugh (born June 16, 1959) is an American actor with numerous film and television credits. He has appeared in notable mainstream Hollywood films such as \"The Color Purple\" and \"Air Force One\" as well as genre films such as \"RoboCop 2\" and \"Mil Mascaras vs. the Aztec Mummy\". In the latter film his excellence as an ensemble actor was specifically cited by PopMatters film critic Bill Gibron.",
"title": "Willard E. Pugh"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``There Goes My Everything ''Single by Jack Greene from the album There Goes My Everything B - side`` Hardest Easy Thing'' Released October 1966 Genre Country Label Decca Songwriter (s) Dallas Frazier Producer (s) Owen Bradley Jack Greene singles chronology ``Ever Since My Baby Went Away ''(1966)`` There Goes My Everything'' (1966) ``All the Time ''(1967)`` Ever Since My Baby Went Away'' (1966) ``There Goes My Everything ''(1966)`` All the Time'' (1967)",
"title": "There Goes My Everything (song)"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``(There's) Always Something There to Remind Me ''Single by Lou Johnson B - side`` Would n't That Be Something'' Released 1964 Format 7 ''single Genre Pop, soul Length 2: 58 Label Big Hill Songwriter (s) Burt Bacharach, Hal David Producer (s) Burt Bacharach Lou Johnson singles chronology ``Reach Out for Me'' (1963)`` (There's) Always Something There to Remind Me ''(1964) ``Kentucky Bluebird (Message To Martha)'' (1964)`` Reach Out for Me ''(1963) ``(There's) Always Something There to Remind Me'' (1964)`` Kentucky Bluebird (Message To Martha) ''(1964)",
"title": "(There's) Always Something There to Remind Me"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Jean-Patrick Manchette (19 December 1942, Marseille – 3 June 1995, Paris) was a French crime novelist credited with reinventing and reinvigorating the genre. He wrote ten short novels in the seventies and early eighties, and is widely recognized as the foremost French crime fiction author of the 1970s - 1980s. His stories are violent explorations of the human condition and French society. Manchette was politically to the left and his writing reflects this through his analysis of social positions and culture. His books are reminiscent of the \"nouvelle vague\" crime films of Jean-Pierre Melville, employing a similarly cool, existential style on a typically American genre (film noir for Melville and pulp novels for Manchette).",
"title": "Jean-Patrick Manchette"
}
],
"question": "What subgenre of Johnson's kind of music do people feel Kanye helped depopularize?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "rap",
"id": 526021,
"paragraph_support_idx": 8,
"question": "Johnson >> genre"
},
{
"answer": "gangsta rap",
"id": 2702,
"paragraph_support_idx": 0,
"question": "The shift away from what genre of #1 is Kanye credited for?"
}
]
} |
3hop1__159395_29217_62962 | When did marriage become a sacrament in the church of the denomination most predominant in Cameroon's main ally? | 1184 | [
"1184"
] | {
"answer": "1184",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "3hop1__159395_29217_62962",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "With the development of sacramental theology, marriage was included in the select seven to which the term ``sacrament ''was applied. Explicit classification of marriage in this way came in reaction to the contrary teaching of Catharism that marriage and procreation are evil: the first official declaration that marriage is a sacrament was made at the 1184 Council of Verona as part of a condemnation of the Cathars. In 1208, Pope Innocent III required members of another religious movement, that of the Waldensians, to recognize that marriage is a sacrament as a condition for being received back into the Catholic Church. In 1254, Catholics accused Waldensians of condemning the sacrament of marriage,`` saying that married persons sin mortally if they come together without the hope of offspring''. The Fourth Lateran Council of 1215 had already stated in response to the teaching of the Cathars: ``For not only virgins and the continent but also married persons find favour with God by right faith and good actions and deserve to attain to eternal blessedness. ''Marriage was also included in the list of the seven sacraments at the Second Council of Lyon in 1274 as part of the profession of faith required of Michael VIII Palaiologos. The sacraments of marriage and holy orders were distinguished as sacraments that aim at the`` increase of the Church'' from the other five sacraments, which are intended for the spiritual perfection of individuals. The Council of Florence in 1439 again recognised marriage as a sacrament.",
"title": "Marriage in the Catholic Church"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Christianity is the predominant religion in New Zealand, although its society is among the most secular in the world. In the 2013 census, 55.0% of the population identified with one or more religions, including 49.0% identifying as Christians. Another 41.9% indicated that they had no religion. The main Christian denominations are, by number of adherents, Roman Catholicism (12.6%), Anglicanism (11.8%), Presbyterianism (8.5%) and \"Christian not further defined\" (i.e. people identifying as Christian but not stating the denomination, 5.5%). The Māori-based Ringatū and Rātana religions (1.4%) are also Christian in origin. Immigration and demographic change in recent decades has contributed to the growth of minority religions, such as Hinduism (2.1%), Buddhism (1.5%), Islam (1.2%) and Sikhism (0.5%). The Auckland Region exhibited the greatest religious diversity.",
"title": "New Zealand"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Like the rest of France, Paris has been predominantly Roman Catholic since the early Middle Ages, though religious attendance is now low. A majority of Parisians are still nominally Roman Catholic. According to 2011 statistics, there are 106 parishes and curates in the city, plus separate parishes for Spanish, Polish and Portuguese Catholics. There are an additional 10 Eastern Orthodox parishes, and bishops for the Armenian and Ukrainian Orthodox Churches. In addition there are eighty male religious orders and 140 female religious orders in the city, as well as 110 Catholic schools with 75,000 students.",
"title": "Paris"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Donald Merrifield entered the Society of Jesus in 1951 and was ordained a Roman Catholic priest in 1965 at Blessed Sacrament Catholic Church, Hollywood.",
"title": "Donald Merrifield"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The pagan Slavic populations were Christianized between the 6th and 10th centuries. Orthodox Christianity is predominant in the East and South Slavs, while Roman Catholicism is predominant in West Slavs and the western South Slavs. The religious borders are largely comparable to the East–West Schism which began in the 11th century. The majority of contemporary Slavic populations who profess a religion are Orthodox, followed by Catholic, while a small minority are Protestant. There are minor Slavic Muslim groups. Religious delineations by nationality can be very sharp; usually in the Slavic ethnic groups the vast majority of religious people share the same religion. Some Slavs are atheist or agnostic: only 19% of Czechs professed belief in god/s in the 2005 Eurobarometer survey.",
"title": "Slavs"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Yanoye (Yanoyé-Yenga or Yenga) is a village in Nana-Mambéré, Central African Republic. It is from Bouar and on the main road (RN3) between Bouar and Garoua-Boulaï in the Cameroons.",
"title": "Yanoye"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Armenia was the first nation to adopt Christianity as a state religion, an event traditionally dated to AD 301.The predominant religion in Armenia is Christianity. The roots of the Armenian Church go back to the 1st century. According to tradition, the Armenian Church was founded by two of Jesus' twelve apostles – Thaddaeus and Bartholomew – who preached Christianity in Armenia between AD 40–60. Because of these two founding apostles, the official name of the Armenian Church is Armenian Apostolic Church.",
"title": "Armenia"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Its foreign policy closely follows that of its main ally, France (one of its former colonial rulers). Cameroon relies heavily on France for its defence, although military spending is high in comparison to other sectors of government.President Biya has engaged in a decades-long clash with the government of Nigeria over possession of the oil-rich Bakassi peninsula. Cameroon and Nigeria share a 1,000-mile (1 600 km) border and have disputed the sovereignty of the Bakassi peninsula. In 1994 Cameroon petitioned the International Court of Justice to resolve the dispute. The two countries attempted to establish a cease-fire in 1996, however, fighting continued for years. In 2002, the ICJ ruled that the Anglo-German Agreement of 1913 gave sovereignty to Cameroon. The ruling called for a withdrawal by both countries and denied the request by Cameroon for compensation due to Nigeria's long-term occupation. By 2004, Nigeria had failed to meet the deadline to handover the peninsula. A UN-mediated summit in June 2006 facilitated an agreement for Nigeria to withdraw from the region and both leaders signed the Greentree Agreement. The withdrawal and handover of control was completed by August 2006.",
"title": "Cameroon"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The rapid development of religions in Zhejiang has driven the local committee of ethnic and religious affairs to enact measures to rationalise them in 2014, variously named \"Three Rectifications and One Demolition\" operations or \"Special Treatment Work on Illegally Constructed Sites of Religious and Folk Religion Activities\" according to the locality. These regulations have led to cases of demolition of churches and folk religion temples, or the removal of crosses from churches' roofs and spires. An exemplary case was that of the Sanjiang Church.",
"title": "Zhejiang"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "George Wendell Pace (born 1929) was an American professor of religion at Brigham Young University (BYU) in Provo, Utah. He was a popular writer and speaker on religion in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and is known for being publicly criticized by Apostle Bruce R. McConkie in 1982.",
"title": "George W. Pace"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Islam is the most widely practised religion in Southeast Asia, numbering approximately 240 million adherents which translate to about 40% of the entire population, with majorities in Indonesia, Brunei, Malaysia and in Southern Philippines with Indonesia as the largest and most populated Muslim country around the world. Countries in Southeast Asia practice many different religions. Buddhism is predominant in Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Burma, Vietnam and Singapore. Ancestor worship and Confucianism are also widely practised in Vietnam and Singapore. Christianity is predominant in the Philippines, eastern Indonesia, East Malaysia and East Timor. The Philippines has the largest Roman Catholic population in Asia. East Timor is also predominantly Roman Catholic due to a history of Portuguese rule.",
"title": "Southeast Asia"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Mariyannapalya is a village near Hebbal in northern Bangalore, Karnataka, India. It contains the St. James church. In September 2008 the church was desecrated and had two gold plated crowns and cash from the offering box stolen and the main sacrament vandalised by miscreants during the 2008 attacks on Christians in southern Karnataka.",
"title": "Mariyannapalya"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Keith Ward (born 1938) is a British Anglican priest, philosopher, and theologian. He is a fellow of the British Academy and a priest of the Church of England. He was a canon of Christ Church, Oxford, until 2003. Comparative theology and the relationship between science and religion are two of his main topics of interest. He was Regius Professor of Divinity at the University of Oxford from 1991 to 2004.",
"title": "Keith Ward"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Louis-Marie-Edmond Blanquart de Bailleul (1795, Calais - 1868) was a French Roman Catholic bishop. He worked as a lawyer for a time, before becoming the third bishop of Versailles (1832-1844) and then archbishop of Rouen (1844-1858). As bishop of Versailles, on 18 October 1837 he presided over the Catholic marriage service of Princess Marie of Orléans and Duke Alexander of Württemberg at Versailles, and in 1843 he consecrated Versailles's main town church as the cathedral of the 33-year-old diocese.",
"title": "Louis-Marie-Edmond Blanquart de Bailleul"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Lebanon has several different main religions. The country has the most religiously diverse society of all states within the Middle East, comprising 18 recognized religious sects. The main two religions are Islam (Shia and Sunni) with 54% of followers and Christianity (the Maronite Church, the Greek Orthodox Church, the Melkite Greek Catholic Church, the Protestant Church, the Armenian Apostolic Church) with 40.4% of followers. There is also the Druze minority religion, which under the Lebanese political division (Parliament of Lebanon Seat Allocation) the Druze community is designated as one of the five Lebanese Muslim communities (Sunni, Shia, Druze, Alawi, and Ismaili).",
"title": "Religion in Lebanon"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "On 31 October 1517, Martin Luther supposedly nailed his 95 theses against the selling of indulgences at the door of the All Saints', the Castle Church in Wittenberg. The theses debated and criticised the Church and the papacy, but concentrated upon the selling of indulgences and doctrinal policies about purgatory, particular judgment, and the authority of the pope. He would later write works on the Catholic devotion to Virgin Mary, the intercession of and devotion to the saints, the sacraments, mandatory clerical celibacy, monasticism, further on the authority of the pope, the ecclesiastical law, censure and excommunication, the role of secular rulers in religious matters, the relationship between Christianity and the law, good works, and the sacraments.",
"title": "Protestantism"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The predominant religions in Zhejiang are Chinese folk religions, Taoist traditions and Chinese Buddhism. According to surveys conducted in 2007 and 2009, 23.02% of the population believes and is involved in cults of ancestors, while 2.62% of the population identifies as Christian, decreasing from 3.92% in 2004. The reports didn't give figures for other types of religion; 74.36% of the population may be either irreligious or involved in worship of nature deities, Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, folk religious sects, and small minorities of Muslims.",
"title": "Zhejiang"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Transubstantiation (in Latin, transsubstantiatio, in Greek μετουσίωσις metousiosis) is, according to the teachings of the Catholic Church, the change of substance by which the bread and wine offered in the sacrifice of the sacrament of the Eucharist during the Mass, become, in reality, the body and blood of Jesus.",
"title": "Transubstantiation"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"Pange lingua gloriosi corporis mysterium\" () is a Medieval Latin hymn written by Saint Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274) for the Feast of Corpus Christi. It is also sung on Maundy Thursday during the procession from the church to the place where the Blessed Sacrament is kept until Good Friday. The last two stanzas (called, separately, \"Tantum ergo\") are sung at Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament. The hymn expresses the doctrine that the bread and wine are changed into the body and blood of Christ during the celebration of the Eucharist.",
"title": "Pange lingua gloriosi corporis mysterium"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Among Christians, the Pew Research survey found that 74% were Protestant, 25% were Catholic, and 1% belonged to other Christian denominations, including a small Orthodox Christian community. In terms of Nigeria's major ethnic groups, the Hausa ethnic group (predominant in the north) was found to be 95% Muslim and 5% Christian, the Yoruba tribe (predominant in the west) was 55% Muslim, 35% Christian and 10% adherents of other religions, while the Igbos (predominant in the east) and the Ijaw (south) were 98% Christian, with 2% practising traditional religions. The middle belt of Nigeria contains the largest number of minority ethnic groups in Nigeria, who were found to be mostly Christians and members of traditional religions, with a small proportion of Muslims.",
"title": "Nigeria"
}
],
"question": "When did marriage become a sacrament in the church of the denomination most predominant in Cameroon's main ally?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "France",
"id": 159395,
"paragraph_support_idx": 7,
"question": "Who is Cameroon's main ally?"
},
{
"answer": "Roman Catholic",
"id": 29217,
"paragraph_support_idx": 2,
"question": "What is the most predominant religion in #1 ?"
},
{
"answer": "1184",
"id": 62962,
"paragraph_support_idx": 0,
"question": "when did marriage become a sacrament in the #2 church"
}
]
} |
2hop__382093_51122 | When did the state where Daniel Brewster died make Anglicanism its established religion? | April 21, 1649 | [
"April 21, 1649",
"Maryland Toleration Act"
] | {
"answer": "April 21, 1649",
"answer_aliases": [
"Maryland Toleration Act"
],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__382093_51122",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Maryland Toleration Act, also known as the Act Concerning Religion, was a law mandating religious tolerance for Trinitarian Christians. It was passed on April 21, 1649, by the assembly of the Maryland colony, in St. Mary's City. It was the second law requiring religious tolerance in the British North American colonies and created one of the pioneer statutes passed by the legislative body of an organized colonial government to guarantee any degree of religious liberty. Specifically, the bill, now usually referred to as the Toleration Act, granted freedom of conscience to all Christians. (The colony which became Rhode Island passed a series of laws, the first in 1636, which prohibited religious persecution including against non-Trinitarians; Rhode Island was also the first government to separate church and state.) Historians argue that it helped inspire later legal protections for freedom of religion in the United States. The Calvert family, who founded Maryland partly as a refuge for English Catholics, sought enactment of the law to protect Catholic settlers and those of other religions that did not conform to the dominant Anglicanism of Britain and her colonies.",
"title": "Maryland Toleration Act"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Francis Lorenz Bevan, MA (30 October 1872 – 11 March 1947 ) was an Anglican priest in Sri Lanka during the first half of the Twentieth century: he was the Archdeacon of Jaffna from 1925 until 1935; and after that Archdeacon of Colombo from then until his death.",
"title": "Lorenz Beven"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Brewster Hill is a hamlet (and census-designated place) located in the town of Southeast in Putnam County, New York, United States. As of the 2010 census, the population was 2,089.",
"title": "Brewster Hill, New York"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Breaking the Spell: Religion as a Natural Phenomenon is a 2006 book by the philosopher and cognitive scientist Daniel Dennett, in which the author argues that religion is in need of scientific analysis so that its nature and future may be better understood. The \"spell\" that requires \"breaking\" is not religious belief itself but the belief that it is off-limits to or beyond scientific inquiry.",
"title": "Breaking the Spell: Religion as a Natural Phenomenon"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Daniel Baugh Brewster (November 23, 1923 – August 19, 2007) was a Democratic member of the United States Senate, representing the State of Maryland from 1963 until 1969. He was also a member of the Maryland House of Delegates from 1950 to 1958, and a representative from the 2nd congressional district of Maryland in the United States House of Representatives from 1959 to 1963.",
"title": "Daniel Brewster"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "83% of the total population adheres to Christianity, making it the most common religion in Swaziland. Anglican, Protestant and indigenous African churches, including African Zionist, constitute the majority of the Christians (40%), followed by Roman Catholicism at 20% of the population. On 18 July 2012, Ellinah Wamukoya, was elected Anglican Bishop of Swaziland, becoming the first woman to be a bishop in Africa. 15% of the population follows traditional religions; other non-Christian religions practised in the country include Islam (1%), the Bahá'í Faith (0.5%), and Hinduism (0.2%). There are 14 Jewish families.",
"title": "Eswatini"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Messiah is a satirical novel by Gore Vidal, first published in 1954 in the United States by E.P. Dutton. It is the story of the creation of a new religion, Cavism, which quickly comes to replace the established but failing Christian religion.",
"title": "Messiah (Vidal novel)"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "He qualified for the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, in the 100-metre backstroke. Daniel finished in 28th place in the heats, failing to make the semi-finals.",
"title": "Daniel Orzechowski"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The first amendment to the US Constitution states \"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof\" The two parts, known as the \"establishment clause\" and the \"free exercise clause\" respectively, form the textual basis for the Supreme Court's interpretations of the \"separation of church and state\" doctrine. Three central concepts were derived from the 1st Amendment which became America's doctrine for church-state separation: no coercion in religious matters, no expectation to support a religion against one's will, and religious liberty encompasses all religions. In sum, citizens are free to embrace or reject a faith, any support for religion - financial or physical - must be voluntary, and all religions are equal in the eyes of the law with no special preference or favoritism.",
"title": "Separation of church and state in the United States"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``Separation of church and state ''is paraphrased from Thomas Jefferson and used by others in expressing an understanding of the intent and function of the Establishment Clause and Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States which reads:`` Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof...''",
"title": "Separation of church and state in the United States"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Makardhwaja / Magardhwaja as per Hindu Religion, is a son of Hanuman, who makes his appearance in the epic Valmiki Ramayana.",
"title": "Makardhwaja"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "St James Duke's Place was an Anglican parish church in the Aldgate ward of the City of London It was established in the early 17th century, rebuilt in 1727 and closed and demolished in 1874.",
"title": "St James Duke's Place"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Massachusetts was first colonized by principally English Europeans in the early 17th century, and became the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the 18th century. Prior to English colonization of the area, it was inhabited by a variety of mainly Algonquian language indigenous tribes. The first permanent English settlement in New England came in 1620 with the founding of Plymouth Colony by the Pilgrims who sailed on the Mayflower. It set precedents but never grew large. A large - scale Puritan migration began in 1630 with the establishment of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, and spawned the settlement of other New England colonies. Friction with the natives erupted in the high - casualty King Philip's War in the 1670s. Puritanism was the established religion and was strictly enforced; dissenters were exiled. The Colony clashed with Anglican opponents in England over its religious intolerance and the status of its charter. Most people were farmers. Businessmen established wide - ranging trade links, sending ships to the West Indies and Europe, and sometimes shipping goods in violation of the Navigation Acts. These political and trade issues led to the revocation of the Massachusetts charter in 1684.",
"title": "History of Massachusetts"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "About 61.1% of Victorians describe themselves as Christian. Roman Catholics form the single largest religious group in the state with 26.7% of the Victorian population, followed by Anglicans and members of the Uniting Church. Buddhism is the state's largest non-Christian religion, with 168,637 members as of the most recent census. Victoria is also home of 152,775 Muslims and 45,150 Jews. Hinduism is the fastest growing religion. Around 20% of Victorians claim no religion. Amongst those who declare a religious affiliation, church attendance is low.",
"title": "Victoria (Australia)"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Helen Daniels (also Simpson and White) is a fictional character from the Australian soap opera \"Neighbours\", portrayed by Anne Haddy. Following the death of Jim Robinson in 1993, she remained the only original character left in the series until her own death in 1997, making her the second longest-serving original character after her grandson Paul. She appeared in 1656 episodes. She was also the most featured female character in the show during the 1980s and 1990s.",
"title": "Helen Daniels"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Keith Ward (born 1938) is a British Anglican priest, philosopher, and theologian. He is a fellow of the British Academy and a priest of the Church of England. He was a canon of Christ Church, Oxford, until 2003. Comparative theology and the relationship between science and religion are two of his main topics of interest. He was Regius Professor of Divinity at the University of Oxford from 1991 to 2004.",
"title": "Keith Ward"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Christianity is the predominant religion in New Zealand, although its society is among the most secular in the world. In the 2013 census, 55.0% of the population identified with one or more religions, including 49.0% identifying as Christians. Another 41.9% indicated that they had no religion. The main Christian denominations are, by number of adherents, Roman Catholicism (12.6%), Anglicanism (11.8%), Presbyterianism (8.5%) and \"Christian not further defined\" (i.e. people identifying as Christian but not stating the denomination, 5.5%). The Māori-based Ringatū and Rātana religions (1.4%) are also Christian in origin. Immigration and demographic change in recent decades has contributed to the growth of minority religions, such as Hinduism (2.1%), Buddhism (1.5%), Islam (1.2%) and Sikhism (0.5%). The Auckland Region exhibited the greatest religious diversity.",
"title": "New Zealand"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1762, George III acquired Buckingham House and it was enlarged over the next 75 years. During the 18th century, London was dogged by crime, and the Bow Street Runners were established in 1750 as a professional police force. In total, more than 200 offences were punishable by death, including petty theft. Most children born in the city died before reaching their third birthday. The coffeehouse became a popular place to debate ideas, with growing literacy and the development of the printing press making news widely available; and Fleet Street became the centre of the British press.",
"title": "London"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Several countries have established their national churches, linking the ecclesiastical structure with the state. Jurisdictions where a Protestant denomination has been established as a state religion include several Nordic countries; Denmark (including Greenland), the Faroe Islands (its church being independent since 2007), Iceland and Norway have established Evangelical Lutheran churches. Tuvalu has the only established church in Reformed tradition in the world, while Tonga—in the Methodist tradition. The Church of England is the officially established religious institution in England, and also the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican Communion.",
"title": "Protestantism"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Anglican Network in Canada (ANiC) is a group of Anglican churches in Canada and the United States established in 2005 under the jurisdiction of the Anglican Province of the Southern Cone, a province of the Anglican Communion. It was a founding diocese of the Anglican Church in North America in June 2009. It comprises 73 parishes in nine Canadian provinces, Alberta, British Columbia, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, and Québec, and two American states, Massachusetts and Vermont. The Canadian provinces with more parishes are British Columbia and Ontario, both with 26. Their first Moderator Bishop was Don Harvey, from 2009 to 2014, when he was succeeded by Charlie Masters.",
"title": "Anglican Network in Canada"
}
],
"question": "When did the state where Daniel Brewster died make Anglicanism its established religion?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Maryland",
"id": 382093,
"paragraph_support_idx": 4,
"question": "Daniel Brewster >> place of death"
},
{
"answer": "April 21, 1649",
"id": 51122,
"paragraph_support_idx": 0,
"question": "when did #1 make anglicanism it's established religion"
}
]
} |
2hop__388013_83940 | When did the city where Palace of Buddies formed become the capitol of Utah? | 1858 | [
"1858"
] | {
"answer": "1858",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__388013_83940",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The chosen location was situated halfway between the Belém Palace and the Junqueira National Rope Factory, which still exist today. Thus, after raising the capital to finance the new thermoelectric power station, in March 1908 construction began on the plant that would provide Lisbon and the surrounding area with electricity for more than six decades.",
"title": "Tejo Power Station (history)"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Palace of Buddies are a Salt Lake City, Utah-based Lo-fi, Experimental Rock band, consisting of members, Timothy Myers and Nicholas Foster. Their sound is generated from the use of multiple analog synths, effects & amplifiers, de-tuned/alternate tuned guitars, live audio looping, reverberated percussion and odd timed rhythm patterns. Their live performances are matched with both members, at times, playing two instruments simultaneously which gives the effect of a 4-5 piece ensemble.",
"title": "Palace of Buddies"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Mormon pioneers organized a new state called Deseret and petitioned for its recognition in 1849. The United States Congress rebuffed the settlers in 1850 and established the Utah Territory, vastly reducing its size, and designated Fillmore as its capital city. Great Salt Lake City replaced Fillmore as the territorial capital in 1858, and the name was later abbreviated to Salt Lake City. The city's population continued to swell with an influx of Mormon converts and Gold Rush gold seekers, making it one of the most populous cities in the American Old West.",
"title": "Salt Lake City"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "WTOF (1110 AM, \"Tower of Faith\") is an American radio station licensed to serve Bay Minette, Alabama. The station is owned by Buddy Tucker Association, Inc. It airs a Christian radio format including syndicated Christian talk and Christian ministry plus Southern Gospel music.",
"title": "WTOF"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Congress organized the Utah Territory out of the ``State of Deseret ''in 1850, and a few months later on January 6, 1851 the city was formally organized as`` The City of the Great Salt Lake''. Originally, Fillmore, Utah was the territorial capital, but in 1856 it was moved to Salt Lake City, where it has stayed ever since. The city's name was officially changed to ``Salt Lake City ''at the same time.",
"title": "History of Salt Lake City"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Verdala Palace was designed by Girolamo Cassar, a Maltese architect mostly known for the design of many buildings in the capital Valletta. The palace is an example of Renaissance architecture, and its design is possibly influenced by Villa Farnese in Caprarola.",
"title": "Verdala Palace"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Lost Canyon Cowboy Camp was a line camp operated by the Scorup-Sommerville Cattle Company in what would become Canyonlands National Park, Utah. There is little built structure; the site is significant for its \"in situ\" artifacts and graffiti, located beneath a rock overhang. The shelter was used from 1919 through the late 1960s when the park was established.",
"title": "Lost Canyon Cowboy Camp"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Malacañang sa Sugbo (, ) is the official residence of the President of the Philippines in the Visayas. It is located in Cebu City near the Port Area and Fort San Pedro, and within walking distance from the Basilica Minore del Santo Niño, Magellan's Cross, and City Hall. It is named after the Malacañang Palace, the official residence of the President in the capital city of Manila.",
"title": "Malacañang sa Sugbo"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Pacific Rim Shopping Centre is an outdoor shopping centre in Port Alberni, British Columbia, formatted as a power centre. It is located on the north side of town at the intersection of Cherry Creek Road and Johnson Road where the latter becomes known as the Alberni Highway.",
"title": "Pacific Rim Shopping Centre"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Blue Palace or Plavi Dvorac was built as the heir's palace in Cetinje, the Royal Capital of Montenegro. Today it is the residence of President of Montenegro.",
"title": "Blue Palace"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Eagle Mountain is a city in Utah County, Utah, United States. It is part of the Provo–Orem, Utah Metropolitan Statistical Area. The city is located to the west as well as north of the Lake Mountains, which are west of Utah Lake. It was incorporated December 3, 1996 and has been rapidly growing ever since. The population was 21,415 at the 2010 census. Although Eagle Mountain was a town in 2000, it has since been classified as a fourth-class city by state law. In its short history, the city has quickly become known for its rapid growth.",
"title": "Eagle Mountain, Utah"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Territory of Utah Organized incorporated territory of the United States ← 1850 -- 1896 → → → → → Territorial coat of arms (1876) The Utah Territory upon its creation. Modern state boundaries are shown for reference. Capital Fillmore (1851 -- 1856) Salt Lake City Government Organized incorporated territory Governor 1851 -- 1858 Brigham Young 1893 -- 1896 Caleb Walton West Legislature Utah Territorial Assembly History State of Deseret 1849 Utah Organic Act September 9, 1850 Colorado Territory formed February 28, 1861 Nevada Territory formed March 2, 1861 Wyoming Territory formed July 25, 1868 Statehood January 4, 1896",
"title": "Utah Territory"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Utah Symphony is an American orchestra based in Salt Lake City, Utah. The orchestra's principal venue is Abravanel Hall. In addition to its Salt Lake City subscription concerts, the orchestra travels around the Intermountain West serving communities throughout Utah. The orchestra accompanies the Utah Opera in four productions per year at Salt Lake's Capitol Theatre. In addition, the Utah Symphony and Utah Opera have a summer residency at the Deer Valley Music Festival, located in Park City, Utah. The orchestra receives funding from the Utah State Legislature for educational concerts.",
"title": "Utah Symphony"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Fremont Indian State Park and Museum is a state park of Utah, US, which interprets archaeological remains of the Fremont culture. The park is located in Sevier County, Utah in the Clear Creek Canyon.",
"title": "Fremont Indian State Park and Museum"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Initially, Omri's capital was in Tirzah, which had been besieged and the royal palace had been burned down. The Jewish Encyclopedia suggests that ``the associations of Tirzah were so repellent and sanguinary, and the location so poor for a capital, that Omri purchased a new site ''for his residence. This was in Samaria, on a hill purchased from Shemer for two talents of silver (about 60 kg), where Omri built a new capital for the kingdom.",
"title": "Omri"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "By the end of the 12th century, Paris had become the political, economic, religious, and cultural capital of France. The Île de la Cité was the site of the royal palace. In 1163, during the reign of Louis VII, Maurice de Sully, bishop of Paris, undertook the construction of the Notre Dame Cathedral at its eastern extremity. The Left Bank was the site of the University of Paris, a corporation of students and teachers formed in the mid-12th century to train scholars first in theology, and later in canon law, medicine and the arts.",
"title": "Paris"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Huntsman Cancer Institute (HCI) is an NCI-designated cancer research facility and hospital located on the campus of the University of Utah in Salt Lake City, Utah. It is the only National Cancer Institute-designated Comprehensive Cancer Center in the Intermountain West.",
"title": "Huntsman Cancer Institute"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Westminster is a government district and former capital of the Kingdom of England in Central London within the City of Westminster, part of the West End, on the north bank of the River Thames. Westminster's concentration of visitor attractions and historic landmarks, one of the highest in London, includes the Palace of Westminster, Buckingham Palace, Westminster Abbey and Westminster Cathedral.",
"title": "Westminster"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Clam-Gallas Palace () is a Baroque palace in Prague, the capital of the Czech Republic. The building is situated on the corner of Husova Street and Mariánské Square, in Prague Old Town. The palace was first designed by the imperial court architect Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach, from Vienna. It was built in 1714–18 by the Italian architect Domenico Canevale. During the rest of the 18th century, Jewish balls and concerts were held in the palace, and were attended by noteworthy artists including Mozart and Beethoven.",
"title": "Clam-Gallas Palace"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ronnie Lee Gardner (January 16, 1961 -- June 18, 2010) was an American criminal who received the death penalty for murder in 1985, and was executed by a firing squad by the state of Utah in 2010. Gardner's case spent nearly 25 years in the court system, prompting the Utah House of Representatives to introduce legislation to limit the number of appeals in capital cases.",
"title": "Ronnie Lee Gardner"
}
],
"question": "When did the city where Palace of Buddies formed become the capitol of Utah?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Salt Lake City",
"id": 388013,
"paragraph_support_idx": 1,
"question": "Palace of Buddies >> location of formation"
},
{
"answer": "1858",
"id": 83940,
"paragraph_support_idx": 2,
"question": "when did #1 become the capital of utah"
}
]
} |
2hop__129397_90527 | What is the average summer temperature in the state where Luther Yard is located? | 75 ° F | [
"75 ° F"
] | {
"answer": "75 ° F",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__129397_90527",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "During the summer months, it is common for temperatures to reach over 90 °F (32 °C), with an average of 106.5 days per year, including a majority from June to September, with a high of 90 °F or above and 4.6 days at or over 100 °F (38 °C). However, humidity usually yields a higher heat index. Summer mornings average over 90 percent relative humidity. Winds are often light in the summer and offer little relief, except in the far southeastern outskirts near the Gulf coast and Galveston. To cope with the strong humidity and heat, people use air conditioning in nearly every vehicle and building. In 1980, Houston was described as the \"most air-conditioned place on earth\". Officially, the hottest temperature ever recorded in Houston is 109 °F (43 °C), which was reached both on September 4, 2000 and August 28, 2011.",
"title": "Houston"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Summer, June through August, is the hottest time of the year with a mean temperature of 24 ° C (75 ° F) and a mean precipitation of 300 mm (12 inches) with June having more precipitation than either July or August. The extreme highs for the year often occur in July or August. Tropical cyclones and their remains can impact the state during this time of the year, contributing to area rainfall.",
"title": "Climate of Missouri"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The climate of Islamabad has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classifion, with five seasons: Winter (Nov − Feb), Spring (March − April), Summer (May − June), Rainy Monsoon (July − August) and Autumn (September − October). The hottest month is June, where average highs routinely exceed 38 ° C (100.4 ° F). The wettest month is July, with heavy rainfall and evening thunderstorms with the possibility of cloudburst. The coolest month is January, with temperatures variable by location. In Islamabad, temperatures vary from cold to mild, routinely dropping below zero. In the hills there is sparse snowfall. The weather ranges from a minimum of − 3.9 ° C (25.0 ° F) in January to a maximum of 46.1 ° C (115.0 ° F) in June. The average low is 2 ° C (35.6 ° F) in January, while the average high is 38.1 ° C (100.6 ° F) in June. The highest temperature recorded was 46.5 ° C (115.7 ° F) in June, while the lowest temperature was − 4 ° C (24.8 ° F) in January. On 23 July 2001, Islamabad received a record breaking 620 millimetres (24 in) of rain fell in just 10 hours. It was the heaviest rainfall in 24 hours in Islamabad and at any locality in Pakistan during the past 100 years. Following is the weather observed over Islamabad Airport, which is actually located in Rawalpindi.",
"title": "Climate of Islamabad"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Palermo experiences a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: Csa). Winters are cool and wet, while summers are hot and dry. Temperatures in autumn and spring are usually mild. Palermo is one of the warmest cities in Europe (mainly due to its warm nights), with an average annual air temperature of 18.5 °C (65.3 °F). It receives approximately 2,530 hours of sunshine per year. Snow is usually a rare occurrence, but it does occur occasionally if there is a cold front, as the Apennines are too distant to protect the island from cold winds blowing from the Balkans, and the mountains surrounding the city facilite the formation of snow accumulation in Palermo, especially at night. Between the 1940s and the 2000s there have been eleven times when considerable snowfall has occurred: In 1949, in 1956, when the minimum temperature went down to 0 °C (32 °F) and the city was blanketed by several centimeters of snow. Snow also occurred in 1999, 2009 and 2015. The average annual temperature of the sea is above 19 °C (66 °F); from 14 °C (57 °F) in February to 26 °C (79 °F) in August. In the period from May to November, the average sea temperature exceeds 18 °C (64 °F) and in the period from June to October, the average sea temperature exceeds 21 °C (70 °F).",
"title": "Palermo"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The island covers an area of 25 square kilometres (2,500 ha). The eastern side is wetter than the western. Although the climate is essentially arid, the rainfall does average 1000 mm annually, but with considerable variation over the terrain. Summer is from May to November, which is also the rainy season. Winter from December to April is the dry season. Sunshine is very prominent for nearly the entire year and even during the rainy season. Humidity, however, is not very high due to the winds. The average temperature is around 25 °C with day temperatures rising to 32 °C. The average high and low temperatures in January are 28 °C and 22 °C, respectively, while in July they are 30 °C and 24 °C. The lowest night temperature recorded is 13 °C. The Caribbean sea waters in the vicinity generally maintain a temperature of about 27 °C.",
"title": "Saint Barthélemy"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Phoenix has a hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification BWh), typical of the Sonoran Desert. Phoenix has long, extremely hot summers and short, mild to warm winters. The city is located within the sunniest region in the world. Measuring 3,872 hours of bright sunshine annually, Phoenix receives the most sunshine of any major city on Earth. Average high temperatures in summer are the hottest of any major city in the United States. On average, there are 107 days annually with a high of at least 100 ° F (38 ° C) including most days from late May through early October. Highs top 110 ° F (43 ° C) an average of 18 days during the year. On June 26, 1990, the temperature reached an all - time recorded high of 122 ° F (50 ° C). Despite the city's claim to the most extreme heat in summer, however, it does not have the highest average annual temperature in the contiguous United States. In that respect, it comes second to Miami; Phoenix has an average daily temperature of 75 ° F (24 ° C), compared to Miami's 77 ° F (25 ° C).",
"title": "Phoenix, Arizona"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Istanbul's persistently high humidity reaches 80 percent most mornings. Because of this, fog is very common, although more so in northern parts of the city and away from the city center. Dense fog disrupts transportation in the region, including on the Bosphorus, and is common during the autumn and winter months when the humidity remains high into the afternoon. The humid conditions and the fog tend to dissipate by midday during the summer months, but the lingering humidity exacerbates the moderately high summer temperatures. During these summer months, high temperatures average around 29 °C (84 °F) and rainfall is uncommon; there are only about fifteen days with measurable precipitation between June and August. The summer months also have the highest concentration of thunderstorms.Winter is colder in Istanbul than in most other cities around the Mediterranean Basin, with low temperatures averaging 1–4 °C (34–39 °F). Lake-effect snow from the Black Sea is common, although difficult to forecast, with the potential to be heavy and—as with the fog—disruptive to the city's infrastructure. Spring and autumn are mild, but often wet and unpredictable; chilly winds from the northwest and warm gusts from the south—sometimes in the same day—tend to cause fluctuations in temperature. Overall, Istanbul has an annual average of 130 days with significant precipitation, which amounts to 810 millimeters (31.9 in) per year. The highest and lowest temperatures ever recorded in the city center on the Marmara coast are 40.5 °C (105 °F) and −16.1 °C (3 °F). The greatest rainfall recorded in a day is 227 millimeters (8.9 in), and the highest recorded snow cover is 80 centimeters (31 in).",
"title": "Istanbul"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Utica is a town and municipality in the Cundinamarca Department, Colombia located some 127 kilometers from Bogotá. The village lies at an altitude of 506 meters above sea level and has an average daily temperature of 26 °C.",
"title": "Útica"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Its average annual temperature is 18.4 °C (65.1 °F). 22.8 °C (73.0 °F) during the day and 13.8 °C (56.8 °F) at night. In the coldest month – January, the maximum temperature typically during the day ranges from 13 to 21 °C (55 to 70 °F), the minimum temperature typically at night ranges from 4 to 12 °C (39 to 54 °F). In the warmest month – August, the maximum temperature during the day typically ranges from 28–34 °C (82–93 °F), about 23 °C (73 °F) at night. Generally, temperatures similar to those experienced in the northern part of Europe in summer last about 8 months, from April to November. March is transitional, the temperature often exceeds 20 °C (68 °F), with an average temperature of 19.0 °C (66 °F) during the day and 10.0 °C (50 °F) at night. December, January and February are the coldest months, with average temperatures around 17 °C (63 °F) during the day and 7 °C (45 °F) at night. Valencia has one of the mildest winters in Europe, owing to its southern location on the Mediterranean Sea and the Foehn phenomenon. The January average is comparable to temperatures expected for May and September in the major cities of northern Europe.",
"title": "Valencia"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Hyderabad has a tropical wet and dry climate (Köppen Aw) bordering on a hot semi-arid climate (Köppen BSh). The annual mean temperature is 26.6 °C (79.9 °F); monthly mean temperatures are 21–33 °C (70–91 °F). Summers (March–June) are hot and humid, with average highs in the mid-to-high 30s Celsius; maximum temperatures often exceed 40 °C (104 °F) between April and June. The coolest temperatures occur in December and January, when the lowest temperature occasionally dips to 10 °C (50 °F). May is the hottest month, when daily temperatures range from 26 to 39 °C (79–102 °F); December, the coldest, has temperatures varying from 14.5 to 28 °C (57–82 °F).",
"title": "Hyderabad"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "For the shore of Antarctica, the winds are considered to be rather strong. The average number of days per year with wind speeds of over in the area around the station is 264, and on 136 of those the wind speed is over . The average temperature in the coldest months of July–August is ; in the warmest months of December–January it is . The lowest temperature ever recorded at the station was in 1985, and the warmest was in 1983. The average overall temperature over the course of a year is , and the average amount of snowfall is around .",
"title": "Russkaya Station"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Luther Yard is a rail yard operated by the Norfolk Southern Railway in St. Louis, Missouri. It is located at 333 East Carrie Avenue, several miles north of downtown.",
"title": "Luther Yard"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The record for highest rushing yards per carry in a season was set in 1939 by Jackie Robinson of UCLA with an average of 12.2 yards per carry, a record that stands to this day.",
"title": "List of NCAA major college football yearly rushing leaders"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ann Arbor has a typically Midwestern humid continental climate (Köppen Dfa), which is influenced by the Great Lakes. There are four distinct seasons: winters are cold with moderate to heavy snowfall, while summers are very warm and humid, and spring and autumn are short but mild. The area experiences lake effect weather, primarily in the form of increased cloudiness during late fall and early winter. The monthly daily average temperature in July is 72.6 °F (22.6 °C), while the same figure for January is 24.5 °F (−4.2 °C). Temperatures reach or exceed 90 °F (32 °C) on 10 days, and drop to or below 0 °F (−18 °C) on 4.6 nights. Precipitation tends to be the heaviest during the summer months, but most frequent during winter. Snowfall, which normally occurs from November to April but occasionally starts in October, averages 58 inches (147 cm) per season. The lowest recorded temperature was −23 °F (−31 °C) on 11 February 1885 and the highest recorded temperature was 105 °F (41 °C) on 24 July 1934.",
"title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The climate of the coastal plain is influenced by the Atlantic Ocean, which keeps conditions mild in winter and moderate, although humid, in summer. The highest coastal, daytime temperature averages less than 89 °F (32 °C) during summer months. The coast has mild temperatures in winter, with daytime highs rarely below 40 °F (4 °C). The average daytime temperature in the coastal plain is usually in the mid-50s °F (11–14 °C) in winter. Temperatures in the coastal plain only occasionally drop below the freezing point at night. The coastal plain averages only around 1 inch (2.5 cm) of snow or ice annually, and in many years, there may be no snow or ice at all.",
"title": "North Carolina"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Autumn weather in Minnesota is marked by the rapid decrease of severe thunderstorms, dramatic cooling, and eventually the possibility of blizzards. With summer - time heat still prevalent in the southern U.S. and colder air quickly taking hold in Canada, Minnesota can be affected by wide temperature swings in short periods of time. Because of this, the jet stream, which tends to weaken during the summer months, begins to re-strengthen. This leads to quicker changes in weather patterns and increasingly strong storm systems. As autumn moves on, these storm systems bring with them progressively colder air, eventually changing the rain over snow, generally starting in October in the northern part of the state and November in the south. From September to December the average temperature in the state falls by approximately 43 ° F (23 ° C), the largest such temperature swing within any Minnesota season.",
"title": "Climate of Minnesota"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Summers in the state are generally hot and humid, with most of the state averaging a high of around 90 °F (32 °C) during the summer months. Winters tend to be mild to cool, increasing in coolness at higher elevations. Generally, for areas outside the highest mountains, the average overnight lows are near freezing for most of the state. The highest recorded temperature is 113 °F (45 °C) at Perryville on August 9, 1930 while the lowest recorded temperature is −32 °F (−36 °C) at Mountain City on December 30, 1917.",
"title": "Tennessee"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Professional long drivers can average over 355 yards (320 m) in competition, compared with 305 yard (274 m) averages from the top PGA Tour drivers and 225 yards (201 m) for an average amateur. Some shots in competitions surpass 400 yards (366 m). The world record recognized by Guinness World Records as the longest drive in a competition is 516 yards (472 m) by 64 - year - old Mike Austin in 1974 at the US Senior National Open Qualifier with a 43.5 ''steel shafted persimmon wood driver. The record distance achieved in the European Long Drive Championship is 473 yards (433m) by Allen Doyle in September 2005. The record distance achieved in the South African Long Drive Championship is 506 yards (462.9 m) by Nico Grobbelaar in September 2012. Fast swingers can swing their club heads at over 150 mph (245 km / h), well beyond the 85 mph (140 km / h) average for an amateur. They train for strength, flexibility, and speed and often perform corporate exhibitions for money, exhibiting a variety of trick shots. Ball speeds are nearly double that of an average golfer (220 mph).",
"title": "Long drive"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Cyprus has one of the warmest climates in the Mediterranean part of the European Union.[citation needed] The average annual temperature on the coast is around 24 °C (75 °F) during the day and 14 °C (57 °F) at night. Generally, summers last about eight months, beginning in April with average temperatures of 21–23 °C (70–73 °F) during the day and 11–13 °C (52–55 °F) at night, and ending in November with average temperatures of 22–23 °C (72–73 °F) during the day and 12–14 °C (54–57 °F) at night, although in the remaining four months temperatures sometimes exceed 20 °C (68 °F).",
"title": "Cyprus"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Mean monthly temperatures range from around 53 F in January to 82 F in July. High temperatures average 64 to 92 °F (18 to 33 °C) throughout the year. High heat indices are common for the summer months in the area, with indices above 110 °F (43.3 °C) possible. The highest temperature recorded was 104 °F (40 °C) on July 11, 1879 and July 28, 1872. It is common for thunderstorms to erupt during a typical summer afternoon. These are caused by the rapid heating of the land relative to the water, combined with extremely high humidity.",
"title": "Jacksonville, Florida"
}
],
"question": "What is the average summer temperature in the state where Luther Yard is located?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Missouri",
"id": 129397,
"paragraph_support_idx": 11,
"question": "What state is Luther Yard located?"
},
{
"answer": "75 ° F",
"id": 90527,
"paragraph_support_idx": 1,
"question": "what is the average summer temperature in #1"
}
]
} |
2hop__136955_35370 | How many people live in the city of There But For The? | 9 million | [
"9 million"
] | {
"answer": "9 million",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__136955_35370",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Hietasaari is a neighbourhood in the Tuira area in the city of Oulu, Finland. The neighbourhood consists of Mustasaari and Hietasaari islands, separated by the Mustasalmi strait, together with some smaller islands. Hietasaari is zoned as recreation area with only few people living in the neighbourhood permanently.",
"title": "Hietasaari, Oulu"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "On 22 May 2017 at 22: 31 BST (UTC + 01: 00), a suicide bomber detonated an improvised explosive device, packed with nuts and bolts to act as shrapnel, in the foyer area of the Manchester Arena. The attack took place after an Ariana Grande concert that was part of her 2017 Dangerous Woman Tour. 14,200 people attended the concert. Many exiting concert - goers and waiting parents were in the foyer at the time of the explosion. According to evidence presented at the coroner's inquest, the detonation of the bomb killed people who were up to 20 metres away.",
"title": "Manchester Arena bombing"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The province is north of Bangkok and is part of the Bangkok metropolitan area. In many places the boundary between the two provinces is not noticeable as both sides of the boundary are equally urbanized. Pathum Thani town is the administrative seat, but Ban Rangsit, seat of Thanyaburi District, is the largest populated place in the province.Pathum Thani is an old province, heavily populated by the Mon people, dotted with 186 temples and parks. The Dream World amusement park is here.",
"title": "Pathum Thani Province"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "How to Boil a Frog is a 2010 Canadian eco-comedy documentary film written and directed by Jon Cooksey to show the consequences of too many people using up Earth resources and suggesting five ways that the filmmakers say people can save habitability on the Earth while improving their own lives at the same time.",
"title": "How to Boil a Frog"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Day of the Dead (Spanish: Día de Muertos) is a Mexican holiday celebrated throughout Mexico, in particular the Central and South regions, and by people of Mexican ancestry living in other places, especially the United States. It is acknowledged internationally in many other cultures. The multi-day holiday focuses on gatherings of family and friends to pray for and remember friends and family members who have died, and help support their spiritual journey. In 2008, the tradition was inscribed in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO.",
"title": "Day of the Dead"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Of Alaska's 2010 Census population figure of 710,231, 20,429 people, or 2.88% of the population, did not live in an incorporated city or census-designated place. Approximately three-quarters of that figure were people who live in urban and suburban neighborhoods on the outskirts of the city limits of Ketchikan, Kodiak, Palmer and Wasilla. CDPs have not been established for these areas by the United States Census Bureau, except that seven CDPs were established for the Ketchikan-area neighborhoods in the 1980 Census (Clover Pass, Herring Cove, Ketchikan East, Mountain Point, North Tongass Highway, Pennock Island and Saxman East), but have not been used since. The remaining population was scattered throughout Alaska, both within organized boroughs and in the Unorganized Borough, in largely remote areas.",
"title": "Alaska"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 2016, Israel's population was an estimated 8,476,600 million people, of whom 6,345,400 (74.9%) were recorded by the civil government as Jews. 1,760,400 Arabs comprised 20.7% of the population, while non-Arab Christians and people who have no religion listed in the civil registry made up 4.4%. Over the last decade, large numbers of migrant workers from Romania, Thailand, China, Africa, and South America have settled in Israel. Exact figures are unknown, as many of them are living in the country illegally, but estimates run in the region of 203,000. By June 2012, approximately 60,000 African migrants had entered Israel. About 92% of Israelis live in urban areas.",
"title": "Israel"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "There But For The is a 2011 novel by Scottish author Ali Smith, first published in the UK by Hamish Hamilton and in the US by Pantheon, and set in 2009 and 2010 in Greenwich, London. It was cited by both \"The Guardian\" book review and the \"Publishers Weekly\" as one of the best books of the year. and was also longlisted for the 2012 Orange Prize for Fiction.",
"title": "There But For The"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "A similar fate befell the Curonians who lived in the area around the Curonian Lagoon. While many fled from the Red Army during the evacuation of East Prussia, Curonians that remained behind were subsequently expelled by the Soviet Union. Only 219 lived along the Curonian Spit in 1955. Many had German names such as Fritz or Hans, a cause for anti-German discrimination. The Soviet authorities considered the Curonians fascists. Because of this discrimination, many immigrated to West Germany in 1958, where the majority of Curonians now live.",
"title": "East Prussia"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Radiocarbon dated charcoal placed around 50,000 years ago was found in the Drachloch (Dragon's Hole) cave above the village of Vattis in the canton of St. Gallen, proving that the high peaks were visited by prehistoric people. Seven bear skulls from the cave may have been buried by the same prehistoric people. The peaks, however, were mostly ignored except for a few notable examples, and long left to the exclusive attention of the people of the adjoining valleys. The mountain peaks were seen as terrifying, the abode of dragons and demons, to the point that people blindfolded themselves to cross the Alpine passes. The glaciers remained a mystery and many still believed the highest areas to be inhabited by dragons.",
"title": "Alps"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Beginning in the 1940s, New York City was the center for a roots revival of American folk music. Many New Yorkers, especially young people, became interested in blues, Appalachian folk music, and other roots styles. In Greenwich Village, many of these people gathered; the area became a hotbed of American folk music as well as leftist political activism.",
"title": "Music of New York City"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Madison Township is one of the twelve townships of Jackson County, Ohio, United States. As of the 2010 census, 2,188 people lived in the township, including 1,549 in its unincorporated areas.",
"title": "Madison Township, Jackson County, Ohio"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Xingu peoples are indigenous peoples of Brazil living near the Xingu River. They have many cultural similarities despite their different ethnologies. Xingu people represent fifteen tribes and all four of Brazil's indigenous language groups, but they share similar belief systems, rituals and ceremonies.",
"title": "Xingu peoples"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Baljev Dol is a village in the municipality of Dimitrovgrad, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 8 people. The village was larger until the unrest in the area following the dissolution of Yugoslavia forced many relations of big-serving tennis ace Ivo Karlović to flee the area.",
"title": "Baljev Dol"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The demographics of the British Isles today are characterised by a generally high density of population in England, which accounts for almost 80% of the total population of the islands. In elsewhere on Great Britain and on Ireland, high density of population is limited to areas around, or close to, a few large cities. The largest urban area by far is the Greater London Urban Area with 9 million inhabitants. Other major populations centres include Greater Manchester Urban Area (2.4 million), West Midlands conurbation (2.4 million), West Yorkshire Urban Area (1.6 million) in England, Greater Glasgow (1.2 million) in Scotland and Greater Dublin Area (1.1 million) in Ireland.[citation needed]",
"title": "British Isles"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Day of the Dead (Spanish: Día de Muertos) is a Mexican holiday celebrated throughout Mexico, in particular the Central and South regions, and by people of Mexican ancestry living in other places, especially the United States. It is acknowledged internationally in many other cultures. The multi-day holiday focuses on gatherings of family and friends to pray for and remember friends and family members who have died, and help support their spiritual journey. In 2008, the tradition was inscribed in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO.",
"title": "Day of the Dead"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "According to the prevailing theories of the settlement of the Americas, migrations of humans from Asia (in particular North Asia) to the Americas took place via Beringia, a land bridge which connected the two continents across what is now the Bering Strait. The majority of experts agree that the earliest pre-modern human migration via Beringia took place at least 13,500 years ago, with disputed evidence that people had migrated into the Americas much earlier, up to 40,000 years ago. These early Paleo-Indians spread throughout the Americas, diversifying into many hundreds of culturally distinct nations and tribes. According to the oral histories of many of the indigenous peoples of the Americas, they have been living there since their genesis, described by a wide range of creation myths.",
"title": "Indigenous peoples of the Americas"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Çekerek is a town and district of Yozgat Province in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. It is located in northeast of Yozgat province and it is 90 km (56 miles) far from there. According to 2013 census, population of the district is 23,699 of which 10,736 live in the town of Çekerek and remaining 12,963 people live in rural areas.",
"title": "Çekerek"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The concept environmental determinism served as a moral justification for domination of certain territories and peoples. It was believed that a certain person's behaviours were determined by the environment in which they lived and thus validated their domination. For example, people living in tropical environments were seen as \"less civilized\" therefore justifying colonial control as a civilizing mission. Across the three waves of European colonialism (first in the Americas, second in Asia and lastly in Africa), environmental determinism was used to categorically place indigenous people in a racial hierarchy. This takes two forms, orientalism and tropicality.",
"title": "Imperialism"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Caprivi Game Park is a protected area in north eastern Namibia that is now called Bwabwata National Park. It was proclaimed as the Caprivi Game Reserve in 1966 and upgraded to the Caprivi Game Park in 1968. It was never managed as a game park as the area was a restricted security zone during Namibia’s liberation struggle. The South African Police and later the South African Defence Force occupied the area until the implementation of U.N. Resolution 435 in April 1989. The then Department of Nature Conservation appointed the first nature conservation officer and other staff and started work in the area. Many of the area's original Khwe San inhabitants, were conscripted into the army and lived in military bases such as Omega. At independence approximately 5000 people were living in the Caprivi Game Park. Caprivi Game Park, Mahango Game Reserve and an area known as the Kwando Triangle were incorporated into the Bwabwata National Park, which was proclaimed in 2007.",
"title": "Caprivi Game Park"
}
],
"question": "How many people live in the city of There But For The?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "London",
"id": 136955,
"paragraph_support_idx": 7,
"question": "Which place is There But For The in?"
},
{
"answer": "9 million",
"id": 35370,
"paragraph_support_idx": 14,
"question": "How many people live in the area of #1 ?"
}
]
} |
2hop__317607_36388 | When did the country containing Iivantiira join the Russian Empire? | 1809 | [
"1809"
] | {
"answer": "1809",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__317607_36388",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Father Nicholas Bock (), SJ (13 November 1880, Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire – 27 February 1962, New York City, United States) was a Russian diplomat who later became a Catholic priest.",
"title": "Nicholas Bock"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "As the Grand Duchy of Finland was part of the Russian Empire from 1809 to 1918, a number of Russian speakers have remained in Finland. There are 33,400 Russian-speaking Finns, amounting to 0.6% of the population. Five thousand (0.1%) of them are late 19th century and 20th century immigrants or their descendants, and the remaining majority are recent immigrants who moved there in the 1990s and later.[citation needed] Russian is spoken by 1.4% of the population of Finland according to a 2014 estimate from the World Factbook.",
"title": "Russian language"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Saint Petersburg Governorate (, \"Sankt-Peterburgskaya guberniya\"), or Government of Saint Petersburg, was an administrative division (a \"guberniya\") of the Tsardom of Russia, the Russian Empire, and the Russian SFSR, which existed during 1708–1927.",
"title": "Saint Petersburg Governorate"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Paul Armont (1874–1943) was a Russian-born French playwright and screenwriter. He also collaborated with the Swiss writer Marcel Gerbidon. He was born Dimitri Petrococchino in Rostov in the Russian Empire.",
"title": "Paul Armont"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Alaska Purchase (Russian: Продажа Аляски, tr. Prodazha Alyaski) was the United States' acquisition of Alaska from the Russian Empire on March 30, 1867, by a treaty ratified by the United States Senate, and signed by President Andrew Johnson.",
"title": "Alaska Purchase"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Iivantiira is a medium-sized lake of Finland. It belongs to Oulujoki main catchment area and it is situated in Kuhmo municipality in the Kainuu region. Iivantiira is connected to the lake Juttuajärvi with Hoikka strait, and together they form a lake Iivantiira–Juttuajärvi. The lake belongs to Änättijärvi–Lentiira–Iivantiira–Lentua-Sotkamo kayaking route named Tervareitti, \"The Tar Route\".",
"title": "Iivantiira"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Bogdan Petrovich Gordeev (; June 21, 1894, Kharkiv, Kharkov Governorate, Russian Empire - September 7, 1914), also known as Bozhidar (), was a Russian futurist poet of Ukrainian origin.",
"title": "Bozhidar"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "At the beginning of World War I, East Prussia became a theatre of war when the Russian Empire invaded the country. The Russian Army encountered at first little resistance because the bulk of the German Army had been directed towards the Western Front according to the Schlieffen Plan. Despite early success and the capture of the towns of Rastenburg and Gumbinnen, in the Battle of Tannenberg in 1914 and the Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes in 1915, the Russians were decisively defeated and forced to retreat. The Russians were followed by the German Army advancing into Russian territory.",
"title": "East Prussia"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Angel Ivanovich Bogdanovich (, October 14 [o.s. 2], 1860, Vitebsk Governorate, Russian Empire (modern Belarus) - April 6 [o.s. March 24], 1907, Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire) was a Russian literary critic, publicist and social activist, originally a narodnik, later an active member of the Legal Marxists' political group.",
"title": "Angel Bogdanovich"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Irène Mélikoff (7 November 1917 – 8 January 2009) was a Russian-born French Turkologist with Azerbaijani ancestry. She was born in Petrograd, Russian Empire.",
"title": "Irène Mélikoff"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Kazan Governorate (; ; , \"Husan kĕperniĕ\"), or the Government of Kazan, was a governorate (a \"guberniya\") of the Tsardom of Russia, the Russian Empire, and the Russian SFSR from 1708–1920, with its seat in the city of Kazan.",
"title": "Kazan Governorate"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Potapy Emelianov (1884, Ufa, Guberniya, Russian Empire – 14 August 1936, Karelian ASSR, USSR) was a Russian Catholic priest and confessor who entered into communion with Rome from the Old Ritualist tradition of Russian Orthodoxy with his entire parish.",
"title": "Potapy Emelianov"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Vologda Viceroyalty () was an administrative division (a \"namestnichestvo\") of the Russian Empire, which existed in 1780–1796. The seat of the Viceroyalty was located in Vologda.",
"title": "Vologda Viceroyalty"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Treaty of Aynalıkavak was a treaty between Ottoman Empire and Russian Empire signed on March 10, 1779. The formal name is Aynalıkavak bond of arbitration (). Aynalıkavak is a palace in Istanbul where the treaty was signed.",
"title": "Treaty of Aynalıkavak"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "On January 25, 1918 the third meeting of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets renamed the unrecognized state the Soviet Russian Republic. The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed on March 3, 1918, giving away much of the land of the former Russian Empire to Germany in exchange for peace during the rest of World War I. On July 10, 1918, the Russian Constitution of 1918 renamed the country the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic. By 1918, during the Russian Civil War, several states within the former Russian Empire seceded, reducing the size of the country even more.",
"title": "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1820-1830’s the Ottoman Empire endured a number of strikes which challenged the existence of the country. The Greek Uprising (began in the spring of 1821) evidenced internal and military weakness of Ottoman Empire and caused severe atrocities by Ottoman military forces (see Chios massacre). The disbandment of the centuries-old Janissary corps by Sultan Mahmud II on 15 June 1826 (Auspicious Incident) was a good deed for the country in the longer term, but it has deprived the country from its army forces for the nearest future. In 1827 the allied Anglo-Franco-Russian fleet destroyed almost all the Ottoman naval forces during the Battle of Navarino. In 1830 Greece becomes an independent state after 10 years of independence war and the Russo-Turkish War of 1828–1829. According to the Treaty of Adrianople (1829) Russian and European commercial ships were authorized to freely pass through Black Sea straits, Serbia received autonomy, and Danubian Principalities (Moldavia and Walachia) became the territories under Russian protection.",
"title": "Crimean War"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Austria-Hungary was a multinational state and one of Europe's major powers at the time. Austria-Hungary was geographically the second-largest country in Europe after the Russian Empire, at , and the third-most populous (after Russia and the German Empire). The Empire built up the fourth-largest machine building industry of the world, after the United States, Germany, and the United Kingdom. Austria-Hungary also became the world's third largest manufacturer and exporter of electric home appliances, electric industrial appliances and power generation apparatus for power plants, after the United States and the German Empire.",
"title": "Austria-Hungary"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Russian Empire (Russian: Россійская Имперія, tr. Rossiyskaya Imperiya) or simply Russia (Russian: Россія, tr. Rossiya) was an empire that existed across Eurasia and North America from 1721, following the end of the Great Northern War, until the Republic was proclaimed by the Provisional Government that took power after the February Revolution of 1917.",
"title": "Russian Empire"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Swedish Ingria (, ‘land of Ingrians’) was a dominion of the Swedish Empire from 1583 to 1595 and then again from 1617 to 1721, when it was ceded to the Russian Empire in the Treaty of Nystad.",
"title": "Swedish Ingria"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Nihilist is a 1905 American short silent film directed by Wallace McCutcheon, Sr.. It takes place in the Russian Empire and relates the story of a woman who joins the Nihilist movement and commits a suicide attack against the Governor's palace to avenge her husband who died because of police repression.",
"title": "The Nihilist (film)"
}
],
"question": "When did the country containing Iivantiira join the Russian Empire?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Finland",
"id": 317607,
"paragraph_support_idx": 5,
"question": "Iivantiira >> country"
},
{
"answer": "1809",
"id": 36388,
"paragraph_support_idx": 1,
"question": "When did #1 join the Russian Empire?"
}
]
} |
2hop__445223_1094 | What was the original price for a replacement battery from the MessagePad developer? | $99 | [
"$99"
] | {
"answer": "$99",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__445223_1094",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Chevrolet Volt concept car debuted at the January 2007 North American International Auto Show, becoming the first-ever series plug-in hybrid concept car shown by a major car manufacturer. The Volt concept vehicle had four doors with a rear liftgate and seating for four passengers. This was a significant change in design when compared to the General Motors EV1 of the 1990s, which only seated two to reduce weight and to make the necessary room for the lead-acid battery pack. The top speed was also increased on the Volt, from the electronically limited 80 miles per hour (130 km/h) to 100 miles per hour (160 km/h). The battery pack size was reduced, from about 10.6 cu ft (300 L) in volume in the EV1, to 3.5 cu ft (100 L) in the Volt.General Motors' then-Vice-Chairman Robert Lutz said the two-seater sports car being developed by Tesla, the Tesla Roadster (2008), and the rapid advancement of lithium-ion battery technology inspired him to push the carmaker to develop the Volt after the 2006 Detroit Auto Show, overcoming internal opposition. Lutz's initial idea was to develop an all-electric car, but Jon Lauckner, General Motors Vice President for Global Vehicle Development, convinced him that to avoid an expensive battery, range anxiety concerns, and lack of public charging infrastructure, they could use a smaller battery pack with a small gasoline engine driving a generator acting as a backup to extend the range, but without a mechanical connection between the gasoline engine and the drive wheels, so it would be a pure electrically driven vehicle without many of the limitations General Motors learned from the EV1 experience.",
"title": "Chevrolet Volt"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Originally, a FireWire connection to the host computer was used to update songs or recharge the battery. The battery could also be charged with a power adapter that was included with the first four generations.",
"title": "IPod"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The TMG EV P001 is a road-legal electric vehicle developed by Toyota Motorsport GmbH. It is based on a Radical chassis as modified for e-Wolf, with two EVO Electric axial flux motors powered by a lithium-ceramic battery pack. It was developed originally for a customer in 2010.",
"title": "TMG EV P001"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Moto E4 and Moto E4 Plus are Android smart phones developed by Motorola Mobility. They were released in June 2017. The phones are regarded as being low - budget and having a long battery life. The E4 model has a 2,800 mAh battery and the E4 Plus has a 5,000 mAh battery. The Moto E4 has an 8 megapixel camera, while the Plus version has a 13 megapixel one.",
"title": "Moto E4"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Lithium - ion battery An example of a Nokia Li - ion battery (used in various mobile phones) Specific energy 100 -- 265 W h / kg (0.36 -- 0.875 MJ / kg) Energy density 250 -- 693 W h / L (0.90 -- 2.43 MJ / L) Specific power ~ 250 - ~ 340 W / kg Charge / discharge efficiency 80 -- 90% Energy / consumer - price 3.6 W h / US $Self - discharge rate 2% per month Cycle durability 400 -- 1200 cycles Nominal cell voltage NMC 3.6 / 3.85 V, LiFePO4 3.2 V",
"title": "Lithium-ion battery"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "iPod batteries are not designed to be removed or replaced by the user, although some users have been able to open the case themselves, usually following instructions from third-party vendors of iPod replacement batteries. Compounding the problem, Apple initially would not replace worn-out batteries. The official policy was that the customer should buy a refurbished replacement iPod, at a cost almost equivalent to a brand new one. All lithium-ion batteries lose capacity during their lifetime even when not in use (guidelines are available for prolonging life-span) and this situation led to a market for third-party battery replacement kits.",
"title": "IPod"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Apple announced a battery replacement program on November 14, 2003, a week before a high publicity stunt and website by the Neistat Brothers. The initial cost was US$99, and it was lowered to US$59 in 2005. One week later, Apple offered an extended iPod warranty for US$59. For the iPod Nano, soldering tools are needed because the battery is soldered onto the main board. Fifth generation iPods have their battery attached to the backplate with adhesive.",
"title": "IPod"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "OPEC soon lost its preeminent position, and in 1981, its production was surpassed by that of other countries. Additionally, its own member nations were divided. Saudi Arabia, trying to recover market share, increased production, pushing prices down, shrinking or eliminating profits for high-cost producers. The world price, which had peaked during the 1979 energy crisis at nearly $40 per barrel, decreased during the 1980s to less than $10 per barrel. Adjusted for inflation, oil briefly fell back to pre-1973 levels. This \"sale\" price was a windfall for oil-importing nations, both developing and developed.",
"title": "1973 oil crisis"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In the absorbed glass mat design, or AGM for short, the separators between the plates are replaced by a glass fibre mat soaked in electrolyte. There is only enough electrolyte in the mat to keep it wet, and if the battery is punctured the electrolyte will not flow out of the mats. Principally the purpose of replacing liquid electrolyte in a flooded battery with a semi-saturated fiberglass mat is to substantially increase the gas transport through the separator; Hydrogen or Oxygen gas produced during overcharge or charge (if the charge current is excessive) is able to freely pass through the glass mat and reduce or oxidize the opposing plate respectively. In a flooded cell the bubbles of gas float to the top of the battery and are lost to the atmosphere. This mechanism for the gas produced to recombine and the additional benefit of a semi saturated cell providing no substantial leakage of electrolyte upon physical puncture of the battery case allows the battery to be completely sealed, which makes them useful in portable devices and similar roles, additionally the battery can be installed in any orientation, though if it is installed upside down then acid may be blown out through the over pressure vent.",
"title": "Lead–acid battery"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The basic air defence unit is typically a battery with 2 to 12 guns or missile launchers and fire control elements. These batteries, particularly with guns, usually deploy in a small area, although batteries may be split; this is usual for some missile systems. SHORAD missile batteries often deploy across an area with individual launchers several kilometres apart. When MANPADS is operated by specialists, batteries may have several dozen teams deploying separately in small sections; self-propelled air defence guns may deploy in pairs.",
"title": "Anti-aircraft warfare"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The MessagePad is the first series of personal digital assistant devices developed by Apple Computer for the Newton platform in 1993. Some electronic engineering and the manufacture of Apple's MessagePad devices was undertaken in Japan by the Sharp Corporation. The devices were based on the ARM 610 RISC processor and all featured handwriting recognition software and were developed and marketed by Apple. The devices ran the Newton OS.",
"title": "MessagePad"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The KM-SAM is the middle-tier of South Korea's three-tier aerial and missile defense system. Though it was developed in Russia by the Almaz Design Bureau with assistance from Samsung Thales, LIG Nex1, and Doosan DST, localization and industrialization were done in South Korea enough to consider it an indigenous system. The Cheongung (Iron Hawk) can intercept targets up to an altitude of at a range of . It is to replace upgraded MIM-23 Hawk batteries in South Korea and be made available for export. Almaz-Antey continued with the program after prototypes were transferred and have created a distinctly Russian version called the Vityaz missile system.",
"title": "KM-SAM"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "At launch, the Xbox 360 was available in two configurations: the \"Xbox 360\" package (unofficially known as the 20 GB Pro or Premium), priced at US$399 or GB£279.99, and the \"Xbox 360 Core\", priced at US$299 and GB£209.99. The original shipment of the Xbox 360 version included a cut-down version of the Media Remote as a promotion. The Elite package was launched later at US$479. The \"Xbox 360 Core\" was replaced by the \"Xbox 360 Arcade\" in October 2007 and a 60 GB version of the Xbox 360 Pro was released on August 1, 2008. The Pro package was discontinued and marked down to US$249 on August 28, 2009 to be sold until stock ran out, while the Elite was also marked down in price to US$299.",
"title": "Xbox 360"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "David Price is an American film and television actor and musician who lives and works in Poland. He has one son - Alexander Price (17yo) from Legnica, Poland. Originally from Big Sur, California, he is the son of Esalen Institute co-founder Dick Price.",
"title": "David Price (actor)"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The price of gold is determined through trading in the gold and derivatives markets, but a procedure known as the Gold Fixing in London, originating in September 1919, provides a daily benchmark price to the industry. The afternoon fixing was introduced in 1968 to provide a price when US markets are open.",
"title": "Gold"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "At launch, the Xbox 360 was available in two configurations: the ``Xbox 360 ''package (unofficially known as the 20 GB Pro or Premium), priced at US $399 or GB £279.99, and the`` Xbox 360 Core'', priced at US $299 and GB £209.99. The original shipment of the Xbox 360 version included a cut - down version of the Media Remote as a promotion. The Elite package was launched later at US $479. The ``Xbox 360 Core ''was replaced by the`` Xbox 360 Arcade'' in October 2007 and a 60 GB version of the Xbox 360 Pro was released on August 1, 2008. The Pro package was discontinued and marked down to US $249 on August 28, 2009 to be sold until stock ran out, while the Elite was also marked down in price to US $299.",
"title": "Xbox 360"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "An effect with similar symptoms to the memory effect is the so - called voltage depression or lazy battery effect. This results from repeated overcharging; the symptom is that the battery appears to be fully charged but discharges quickly after only a brief period of operation. In rare cases, much of the lost capacity can be recovered by a few deep - discharge cycles, a function often provided by automatic battery chargers. However, this process may reduce the shelf life of the battery. If treated well, a Ni -- Cd battery can last for 1,000 cycles or more before its capacity drops below half its original capacity. Many home chargers claim to be ``smart chargers ''which will shut down and not damage the battery, but this seems to be a common problem.",
"title": "Nickel–cadmium battery"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Dys4ia is an abstract, autobiographical Adobe Flash video game that Anna Anthropy, also known as Auntie Pixelante, developed to recount her experiences of gender dysphoria and hormone replacement therapy. The game was originally published in Newgrounds but was removed by Anna so that she could sell it elsewhere.",
"title": "Dys4ia"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Except for CPUs used in low-power applications, embedded systems, and battery-powered devices, essentially all general-purpose CPUs developed since about 1998 are superscalar.",
"title": "Superscalar processor"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "This contributed to the \"Oil Shock\". After 1971, OPEC was slow to readjust prices to reflect this depreciation. From 1947 to 1967, the dollar price of oil had risen by less than two percent per year. Until the oil shock, the price had also remained fairly stable versus other currencies and commodities. OPEC ministers had not developed institutional mechanisms to update prices in sync with changing market conditions, so their real incomes lagged. The substantial price increases of 1973–1974 largely returned their prices and corresponding incomes to Bretton Woods levels in terms of commodities such as gold.",
"title": "1973 oil crisis"
}
],
"question": "What was the original price for a replacement battery from the MessagePad developer?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Apple",
"id": 445223,
"paragraph_support_idx": 10,
"question": "MessagePad >> developer"
},
{
"answer": "$99",
"id": 1094,
"paragraph_support_idx": 6,
"question": "What was the original price for a replacement battery from #1 ?"
}
]
} |
2hop__59004_21639 | In Ann Arbor, who represents the assembly with the power to make immigration laws? | Debbie Dingell | [
"Debbie Dingell"
] | {
"answer": "Debbie Dingell",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__59004_21639",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Ann Arbor Hands-On Museum is located in a renovated and expanded historic downtown fire station. Multiple art galleries exist in the city, notably in the downtown area and around the University of Michigan campus. Aside from a large restaurant scene in the Main Street, South State Street, and South University Avenue areas, Ann Arbor ranks first among U.S. cities in the number of booksellers and books sold per capita. The Ann Arbor District Library maintains four branch outlets in addition to its main downtown building. The city is also home to the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library.",
"title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ann Arbor has a long history of openness to marijuana, given Ann Arbor's decriminalization of cannabis, the large number of medical marijuana dispensaries in the city (one dispensary, called People's Co-op, was directly across the street from Michigan Stadium until zoning forced it to move one mile to the west), the large number of pro-marijuana residents, and the annual Hash Bash: an event that is held on the first Saturday of April. Until (at least) the successful passage of Michigan's medical marijuana law, the event had arguably strayed from its initial intent, although for years, a number of attendees have received serious legal responses due to marijuana use on University of Michigan property, which does not fall under the City's progressive and compassionate ticketing program.",
"title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "A person from Ann Arbor is called an \"Ann Arborite\", and many long-time residents call themselves \"townies\". The city itself is often called \"A²\" (\"A-squared\") or \"A2\" (\"A two\") or \"AA\", \"The Deuce\" (mainly by Chicagoans), and \"Tree Town\". With tongue-in-cheek reference to the city's liberal political leanings, some occasionally refer to Ann Arbor as \"The People's Republic of Ann Arbor\" or \"25 square miles surrounded by reality\", the latter phrase being adapted from Wisconsin Governor Lee Dreyfus's description of Madison, Wisconsin. In A Prairie Home Companion broadcast from Ann Arbor, Garrison Keillor described Ann Arbor as \"a city where people discuss socialism, but only in the fanciest restaurants.\" Ann Arbor sometimes appears on citation indexes as an author, instead of a location, often with the academic degree MI, a misunderstanding of the abbreviation for Michigan. Ann Arbor has become increasingly gentrified in recent years.",
"title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "In regard to immigration law, Congress, under the Plenary Power Doctrine, has the power to make immigration policy subject to judicial oversight. The Executive Branch is charged with enforcing the immigration laws passed by Congress. The doctrine is based on the concept that immigration is a question of national sovereignty, relating to a nation's right to define its own borders. Courts generally refrain from interfering in immigration matters. Historically, the U.S. Supreme Court has taken a hands - off approach when asked to review the political branches' immigration decisions and policy - making. The Center for Immigration Studies, an organization with a slant toward isolationism, suggests there is a movement to ``erode ''political - branch control over immigration in favor of a judge - administered system and that the results have created national security concerns. The U.S. Supreme Court case Zadvydas v. Davis is cited as an example of the U.S. Supreme Court not following plenary power precedent.",
"title": "Plenary power"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "He also currently serves as an affiliated overseas faculty member of the University of Michigan Law School, teaching classes in Ann Arbor.",
"title": "Bruno Simma"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Other local colleges and universities include Concordia University Ann Arbor, a Lutheran liberal-arts institution; a campus of the University of Phoenix; and Cleary University, a private business school. Washtenaw Community College is located in neighboring Ann Arbor Township. In 2000, the Ave Maria School of Law, a Roman Catholic law school established by Domino's Pizza founder Tom Monaghan, opened in northeastern Ann Arbor, but the school moved to Ave Maria, Florida in 2009, and the Thomas M. Cooley Law School acquired the former Ave Maria buildings for use as a branch campus.",
"title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Whiting was born in Bath, New York, and moved to Michigan in 1849 with his parents, who settled in St. Clair, Michigan. He attended the public schools and the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor from 1863 to 1865. He worked as a merchant and manufacturer. Whiting was elected mayor of St. Clair in 1879 and represented the 17th District in the Michigan State Senate in 1882.",
"title": "Justin Rice Whiting"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Borders Books, started in Ann Arbor, was opened by brothers Tom and Louis Borders in 1971 with a stock of used books. The Borders chain was based in the city, as was its flagship store until it closed in September 2011. Domino's Pizza's headquarters is near Ann Arbor on Domino's Farms, a 271-acre (110 ha) Frank Lloyd Wright-inspired complex just northeast of the city. Another Ann Arbor-based company is Zingerman's Delicatessen, which serves sandwiches and has developed businesses under a variety of brand names. Zingerman's has grown into a family of companies which offers a variety of products (bake shop, mail order, creamery, coffee) and services (business education). Flint Ink Corp., another Ann Arbor-based company, was the world's largest privately held ink manufacturer until it was acquired by Stuttgart-based XSYS Print Solutions in October 2005. Avfuel, a global supplier of aviation fuels and services, is also headquartered in Ann Arbor. Aastrom Biosciences, a publicly traded company that develops stem cell treatments for cardiovascular diseases, is headquartered in Ann Arbor.",
"title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Several annual events—many of them centered on performing and visual arts—draw visitors to Ann Arbor. One such event is the Ann Arbor Art Fairs, a set of four concurrent juried fairs held on downtown streets. Scheduled on Wednesday through Saturday of the third week of July, the fairs draw upward of half a million visitors. Another is the Ann Arbor Film Festival, held during the third week of March, which receives more than 2,500 submissions annually from more than 40 countries and serves as one of a handful of Academy Award–qualifying festivals in the United States.",
"title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Staebler had German ancestry. He was born in Ann Arbor, Michigan and graduated from Ann Arbor High School in 1922. He received a B.A. from the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor in 1926. He served on the staff of the Office of Price Administration, 1942–1943, and in the United States Navy, 1943-1945. He was chairman, of the Michigan state Democratic central committee, 1950–1961 and a member of the Democratic National Committee, 1961–1964 and 1965-1968. He was a visiting professor at the University of Massachusetts in 1962. He was a delegate to the Democratic National Convention from Michigan in 1952, 1956, 1960, 1964, and 1968.",
"title": "Neil Staebler"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "High tech companies have located in the area since the 1930s, when International Radio Corporation introduced the first mass-produced AC/DC radio (the Kadette, in 1931) as well as the first pocket radio (the Kadette Jr., in 1933). The Argus camera company, originally a subsidiary of International Radio, manufactured cameras in Ann Arbor from 1936 to the 1960s. Current firms include Arbor Networks (provider of Internet traffic engineering and security systems), Arbortext (provider of XML-based publishing software), JSTOR (the digital scholarly journal archive), MediaSpan (provider of software and online services for the media industries), Truven Health Analytics, and ProQuest, which includes UMI. Ann Arbor Terminals manufactured a video-display terminal called the Ann Arbor Ambassador during the 1980s. Barracuda Networks, which provides networking, security, and storage products based on network appliances and cloud services, opened an engineering office in Ann Arbor in 2008 on Depot St. and recently announced it will move downtown to occupy the building previously used as the Borders headquarters.",
"title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Public schools are part of the Ann Arbor Public Schools (AAPS) district. AAPS has one of the country's leading music programs. In September 2008, 16,539 students had been enrolled in the Ann Arbor Public Schools. There were 21 elementary schools, five middle schools (Forsythe, Slauson, Tappan, Scarlett, and Clague) three traditional high schools (Pioneer, Huron, and Skyline), and three alternative high schools (Community High, Stone School, and Roberto Clemente) in the district. The district also operates a K-8 open school program, Ann Arbor Open School, out of the former Mack School. This program is open to all families who live within the district. Ann Arbor Public Schools also operates a preschool and family center, with programs for at-risk infants and children before kindergarten. The district has a preschool center with both free and tuition-based programs for preschoolers in the district.",
"title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Current publications in the city include the Ann Arbor Journal (A2 Journal), a weekly community newspaper; the Ann Arbor Observer, a free monthly local magazine; the Ann Arbor Independent, a locally owned, independent weekly; and Current, a free entertainment-focused alt-weekly. The Ann Arbor Business Review covers local business in the area. Car and Driver magazine and Automobile Magazine are also based in Ann Arbor. The University of Michigan is served by many student publications, including the independent Michigan Daily student newspaper, which reports on local, state, and regional issues in addition to campus news.",
"title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Since the university's establishment in the city in 1837, the histories of the University of Michigan and Ann Arbor have been closely linked. The town became a regional transportation hub in 1839 with the arrival of the Michigan Central Railroad, and a north—south railway connecting Ann Arbor to Toledo and other markets to the south was established in 1878. Throughout the 1840s and the 1850s settlers continued to come to Ann Arbor. While the earlier settlers were primarily of British ancestry, the newer settlers also consisted of Germans, Irish, and African-Americans. In 1851, Ann Arbor was chartered as a city, though the city showed a drop in population during the Depression of 1873. It was not until the early 1880s that Ann Arbor again saw robust growth, with new immigrants coming from Greece, Italy, Russia, and Poland. Ann Arbor saw increased growth in manufacturing, particularly in milling. Ann Arbor's Jewish community also grew after the turn of the 20th century, and its first and oldest synagogue, Beth Israel Congregation, was established in 1916.",
"title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Michigan Quarterly Review is an American literary magazine founded in 1962 and published at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.",
"title": "Michigan Quarterly Review"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 28.70 square miles (74.33 km2), of which, 27.83 square miles (72.08 km2) of it is land and 0.87 square miles (2.25 km2) is water, much of which is part of the Huron River. Ann Arbor is about 35 miles (56 km) west of Detroit. Ann Arbor Charter Township adjoins the city's north and east sides. Ann Arbor is situated on the Huron River in a productive agricultural and fruit-growing region. The landscape of Ann Arbor consists of hills and valleys, with the terrain becoming steeper near the Huron River. The elevation ranges from about 750 feet (230 m) along the Huron River to 1,015 feet (309 m) on the city's west side, near the intersection of Maple Road and Pauline Blvd. Generally, the west-central and northwestern parts of the city and U-M's North Campus are the highest parts of the city; the lowest parts are along the Huron River and in the southeast. Ann Arbor Municipal Airport, which is south of the city at 42°13.38′N 83°44.74′W / 42.22300°N 83.74567°W / 42.22300; -83.74567, has an elevation of 839 feet (256 m).",
"title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "During the 1960s and 1970s, the city gained a reputation as an important center for liberal politics. Ann Arbor also became a locus for left-wing activism and served as a hub for the civil-rights movement and anti-Vietnam War movement, as well as the student movement. The first major meetings of the national left-wing campus group Students for a Democratic Society took place in Ann Arbor in 1960; in 1965, the city was home to the first U.S. teach-in against the Vietnam War. During the ensuing 15 years, many countercultural and New Left enterprises sprang up and developed large constituencies within the city. These influences washed into municipal politics during the early and mid-1970s when three members of the Human Rights Party (HRP) won city council seats on the strength of the student vote. During their time on the council, HRP representatives fought for measures including pioneering antidiscrimination ordinances, measures decriminalizing marijuana possession, and a rent-control ordinance; many of these remain in effect in modified form. Alongside these liberal and left-wing efforts, a small group of conservative institutions were born in Ann Arbor. These include Word of God (established in 1967), a charismatic inter-denominational movement; and the Thomas More Law Center (established in 1999), a religious-conservative advocacy group.",
"title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Bullard was born in Cleveland, Ohio and attended Harvard University. After serving in the United States Navy during the Vietnam War, he obtained his law degree from the University of Michigan Law School. He then ran successfully for the Michigan House of Representatives in 1972. He continued to hold his 53rd-district seat, representing Ann Arbor, until 1993.",
"title": "Perry Bullard"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Ann Arbor is part of Michigan's 12th congressional district, represented in Congress by Representative Debbie Dingell, a Democrat. On the state level, the city is part of the 18th district in the Michigan Senate, represented by Democrat Rebekah Warren. In the Michigan House of Representatives, representation is split between the 55th district (northern Ann Arbor, part of Ann Arbor Township, and other surrounding areas, represented by Democrat Adam Zemke), the 53rd district (most of downtown and the southern half of the city, represented by Democrat Jeff Irwin) and the 52nd district (southwestern areas outside Ann Arbor proper and western Washtenaw County, represented by Democrat Gretchen Driskell).",
"title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Hutchinson was born in Fennville, Michigan and graduated from Fennville High School in 1932, and from the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor in 1936. He graduated from the University of Michigan Law School in 1938; was admitted to the bar in 1938 and began the practice of law in Allegan, Michigan.",
"title": "J. Edward Hutchinson"
}
],
"question": "In Ann Arbor, who represents the assembly with the power to make immigration laws?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Congress",
"id": 59004,
"paragraph_support_idx": 3,
"question": "who has the power to make immigration laws"
},
{
"answer": "Debbie Dingell",
"id": 21639,
"paragraph_support_idx": 18,
"question": "Who represents the #1 in Ann Arbor?"
}
]
} |
2hop__232731_131909 | Which body of water is by the city where Hermann Lingnau was born? | Fulda | [
"Fulda"
] | {
"answer": "Fulda",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__232731_131909",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "It is the approximate southern border of the horse latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere, meaning that much of the land area touching the 30th parallel is arid or semi-arid. If there is a source of wind from a body of water the area would more likely be subtropical.",
"title": "30th parallel north"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Window Water Baby Moving is an experimental short film by Stan Brakhage, filmed in November 1958 and released in 1959. The film documents the birth of the director's first child, Myrrena, by his then-wife Jane Brakhage, now Jane Wodening.",
"title": "Window Water Baby Moving"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Prince Hermann Friedrich of Leiningen (born 16 April 1963) is the younger son of Prince Karl of Leiningen and his wife Princess Marie Louise of Bulgaria. Hermann was born in Toronto, Ontario, as Hermann Friedrich Fernando Roland. Through his mother, Hermann is a grandson of King Boris III of Bulgaria, a great-grandson of King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy and great-great-grandson of King Nicholas of Montenegro. Through his father, he is a great-great-great grandson of Queen Victoria (thus in the line of succession to the British throne - as of May 2018, he was 151st), as well as Tsar Alexander II of Russia. According to Marlene Eilers, Hermann of Leiningen belongs to the Eastern Orthodox Church. His paternal grandmother was Grand Duchess Maria Kirillovna Romanova of Russia and his maternal grandmother was Princess Giovanna of Savoia, daughter of King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy.",
"title": "Prince Hermann Friedrich of Leiningen"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Lake Oesa is a body of water located at an elevation of 2,267m (7438 ft) in the mountains of Yoho National Park, near Field, British Columbia, Canada.",
"title": "Lake Oesa"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In February 2018, the Groenland Water Users' Association (a representative body for farmers in the Elgin and Grabouw agricultural areas around Cape Town) began releasing an additional 10 billion litres of water into the Steenbras Dam.",
"title": "Cape Town water crisis"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The term water retention (also known as fluid retention) or hydrops, hydropsy, edema, signifies an abnormal accumulation of clear, watery fluid in the tissues or cavities of the body.",
"title": "Edema"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Intracellular fluid (2 / 3 of body water) is fluid contained within cells. In a 72 - kg body containing 40 litres of fluid, about 25 litres is intracellular, which amounts to 62.5%. Jackson's texts states 70% of body fluid is intracellular.",
"title": "Body water"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Hermann Garrn (11 March 1888 – 27 March 1966), also sometimes known as Hermann Ehlers, was a German international footballer who played for SC Victoria Hamburg.",
"title": "Hermann Garrn"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Kassel (; spelled Cassel until 1928) is a city located on the Fulda River in northern Hesse, Germany. It is the administrative seat of the Regierungsbezirk Kassel and the district of the same name and had 200,507 inhabitants in December 2015. The former capital of the state of Hesse-Kassel has many palaces and parks, including the Bergpark Wilhelmshöhe, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Kassel is also known for the \"documenta\" exhibitions of contemporary art. Kassel has a public university with 25,000 students (2018) and a multicultural population (39% of the citizens in 2017 had a migration background).",
"title": "Kassel"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "It is located entirely within the county of Cumbria, and all the land in England higher than 3,000 feet (910 m) above sea level lies within the National Park, including Scafell Pike, the highest mountain in England. It also contains the deepest and longest bodies of water in England, respectively Wast Water and Windermere.",
"title": "Lake District"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "By prerogative right, the British Crown enjoys ownership of all unmarked mute swans in open water. Rights over swans may, however, be granted to a subject by the Crown (accordingly they may also be claimed by prescription.) The ownership of swans in a given body of water was commonly granted to landowners up to the 16th century. The only bodies still to exercise such rights are two livery companies of the City of London. Thus the ownership of swans in the Thames is shared equally among the Crown, the Vintners' Company and the Dyers' Company.",
"title": "Swan Upping"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Butterfly Pond, also known as Aldrich Brook, is a body of water in the town of Lincoln, in Providence County, Rhode Island.",
"title": "Butterfly Pond"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Hermann Kesten Prize (), formally the Hermann Kesten Medal (), is a German literary award presented annually for outstanding efforts in support of persecuted writers, on behalf of German PEN Center according to the principles of the Charter of International PEN. In 1985, the PEN Center of the Federal Republic of Germany awarded the first Hermann Kesten Medal. It is named in honor of Hermann Kesten (1900–1996).",
"title": "Hermann Kesten Prize"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Vision of the Blessed Hermann Joseph or The Mystical Engagement of the Blessed Hermann Joseph to the Virgin Mary is a 1629-30 painting by the Flemish Baroque painter Anthony van Dyck.",
"title": "The Vision of the Blessed Hermann Joseph"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Red Sea is one of the saltiest bodies of water in the world, owing to high evaporation. Salinity ranges from between ~ 36 ‰ in the southern part because of the effect of the Gulf of Aden water and reaches 41 ‰ in the northern part, owing mainly to the Gulf of Suez water and the high evaporation. The average salinity is 40 ‰. (Average salinity for the world's seawater is ~ 35 ‰ on the Practical Salinity Scale, or PSU; that translates to 3.5% of actual dissolved salts.)",
"title": "Red Sea"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ningbo, Wenzhou, Taizhou and Zhoushan are important commercial ports. The Hangzhou Bay Bridge between Haiyan County and Cixi, is the longest bridge over a continuous body of sea water in the world.",
"title": "Zhejiang"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Central Water Commission chairman, S. Masood Hussain will head the CWMA and chief engineer of the Central Water Commission, Navin Kumar will be the first chairman of the CWRC. While the CWMA is an umbrella body, the CWRC will monitor water management on a day - to - day basis, including the water level and inflow and outflow of reservoirs in all the basin states.",
"title": "Kaveri River water dispute"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Water covers 71% of the Earth's surface. It is vital for all known forms of life. On Earth, 96.5% of the planet's crust water is found in seas and oceans, 1.7% in groundwater, 1.7% in glaciers and the ice caps of Antarctica and Greenland, a small fraction in other large water bodies, 0.001% in the air as vapor, clouds (formed of ice and liquid water suspended in air), and precipitation. Only 2.5% of this water is freshwater, and 98.8% of that water is in ice (excepting ice in clouds) and groundwater. Less than 0.3% of all freshwater is in rivers, lakes, and the atmosphere, and an even smaller amount of the Earth's freshwater (0.003%) is contained within biological bodies and manufactured products. A greater quantity of water is found in the earth's interior.",
"title": "Water"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Hermann Lingnau (born 22 October 1936 in Kassel) is a German former shot putter who competed in the 1960 Summer Olympics.",
"title": "Hermann Lingnau"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Saw Kill may refer to three different bodies of water in New York. Two are tributaries and make up watersheds on the eastern bank of the Hudson River. The northernmost of these is in the Town of Stuyvesant, New York in Columbia County and the southernmost of these is in the Town of Red Hook, New York in Dutchess County. The northern Saw Kill is more commonly known as Mill Creek today. The third tributary drains into Esopus Creek on the Hudson’s west bank. This article refers to the southern body of water on the east bank as Saw Kill (east) and the body of water on the west bank as Saw Kill (west).",
"title": "Saw Kill"
}
],
"question": "Which body of water is by the city where Hermann Lingnau was born?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Kassel",
"id": 232731,
"paragraph_support_idx": 18,
"question": "Hermann Lingnau >> place of birth"
},
{
"answer": "Fulda",
"id": 131909,
"paragraph_support_idx": 8,
"question": "Which is the body of water by #1 ?"
}
]
} |
2hop__220241_90536 | Who was the manager of the sports team that once employed Eddie Newton, when they won Champion's League? | Roberto Di Matteo | [
"Roberto Di Matteo"
] | {
"answer": "Roberto Di Matteo",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__220241_90536",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Many Swiss also follow ice hockey and support one of the 12 clubs in the League A, which is the most attended league in Europe. In 2009, Switzerland hosted the IIHF World Championship for the 10th time. It also became World Vice-Champion in 2013. The numerous lakes make Switzerland an attractive place for sailing. The largest, Lake Geneva, is the home of the sailing team Alinghi which was the first European team to win the America's Cup in 2003 and which successfully defended the title in 2007. Tennis has become an increasingly popular sport, and Swiss players such as Martina Hingis, Roger Federer, and most recently, Stanislas Wawrinka have won multiple Grand Slams. Swiss professional wrestler Claudio Castagnoli is currently signed with WWE, and is a former United States champion.",
"title": "Switzerland"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Kitchener Rangers are a major junior ice hockey team based in Kitchener, Ontario, Canada. They are members of the Midwest Division of the Western Conference of the Ontario Hockey League. The Rangers have won the J. Ross Robertson Cup as OHL champions in 1981, 1982, 2003 and 2008. They have appeared in six Mastercard Memorial Cups (1981, 1982, 1984, 1990, 2003 and 2008), advancing to the final game of the tournament each of those six years. They are two - time Memorial Cup champions (1982, 2003).",
"title": "Kitchener Rangers"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "2018 NBA Summer League League National Basketball Association Sport Basketball Duration July 2 -- 17 Number of games At least 5 games (including 3 preliminary games) for each team (as many as 8 games per team) Number of teams Sacramento - 4 Utah - 4 Las Vegas - 30 TV partner (s) NBA TV & ESPN California Classic Summer League Season champions Golden State Warriors Top scorer De'Aaron Fox Utah Jazz Summer League Season champions Memphis Grizzlies Top scorer Derrick White Las Vegas NBA Summer League Season champions Portland Trail Blazers Runners - up Los Angeles Lakers Top seed Los Angeles Lakers Season MVP Josh Hart (league) KJ McDaniels (championship game) NBA Summer League seasons ← 2017 2019 →",
"title": "2018 NBA Summer League"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Västervik Speedway are a motorcycle speedway team from Västervik in Sweden. Västervik were established in 1966 and have raced in the Elitserien, the top league division of Swedish speedway, since 1991. They were Elitserien Champions in 2005 and in 2007 they finished runners-up to Dackarna. The team is managed by Peter Helgesson and Marvyn Cox. Former riders include 1993 World Champion Sam Ermolenko and Australia national speedway team manager Craig Boyce.",
"title": "Västervik Speedway"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The White Sox won the 1906 World Series with a defense - oriented team dubbed ``the Hitless Wonders '', and the 1917 World Series led by Eddie Cicotte, Eddie Collins, and Shoeless Joe Jackson. The 1919 World Series was marred by the Black Sox Scandal, in which several members of the White Sox were accused of conspiring with gamblers to fix games. In response, Major League Baseball's new Commissioner Kenesaw Mountain Landis banned the players from Major League Baseball for life. In 1959, led by Early Wynn, Nellie Fox, Luis Aparicio and manager Al López, the White Sox won the American League pennant. They won the AL pennant in 2005, and went on to win the World Series, led by World Series MVP Jermaine Dye, Paul Konerko, Mark Buehrle, catcher A.J. Pierzynski, and the first Latino manager to win the World Series, Ozzie Guillén.",
"title": "Chicago White Sox"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Cleveland Indians are an American professional baseball team based in Cleveland, Ohio. The Indians compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) Central division. Since 1994, they have played at Progressive Field and are the defending American League champions. The team's spring training facility is at Goodyear Ballpark in Goodyear, Arizona. Since their establishment as a major league franchise in 1901, the Indians have won two World Series championships: in 1920 and 1948, along with eight Central Division titles and six American League pennants. The Indians' current World Series championship drought is the longest active drought, and through 2016 is the fifth - longest in baseball history.",
"title": "Cleveland Indians"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "An exception to the usual European qualification system happened in 2005, after Liverpool won the Champions League the year before, but did not finish in a Champions League qualification place in the Premier League that season. UEFA gave special dispensation for Liverpool to enter the Champions League, giving England five qualifiers. UEFA subsequently ruled that the defending champions qualify for the competition the following year regardless of their domestic league placing. However, for those leagues with four entrants in the Champions League, this meant that if the Champions League winner finished outside the top four in its domestic league, it would qualify at the expense of the fourth-placed team in the league. No association can have more than four entrants in the Champions League. This occurred in 2012, when Chelsea – who had won the Champions League the previous year, but finished sixth in the league – qualified for the Champions League in place of Tottenham Hotspur, who went into the Europa League.",
"title": "Premier League"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Mohammed Ameen Haidar () (born April 29, 1980) is a Saudi Arabian football (soccer) player who is a midfielder for Al-Qadisiyah FC. He was a member of the Al Ittihad team that won the AFC Champions League and competed in the FIFA Club World Championship 2005.",
"title": "Mohammed Ameen"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "As a player, he was a defensive midfielder from 1990 until 2001 notably for Chelsea where he scored in the 1997 FA Cup final. He also played in the Football League for Cardiff City, Birmingham City, Oxford United and Barnet and in the Conference National for Hayes. He also earnt two caps for the England U21 side.",
"title": "Eddie Newton"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The most popular spectator sports in Israel are association football and basketball. The Israeli Premier League is the country's premier football league, and the Israeli Basketball Super League is the premier basketball league. Maccabi Haifa, Maccabi Tel Aviv, Hapoel Tel Aviv and Beitar Jerusalem are the largest sports clubs. Maccabi Tel Aviv, Maccabi Haifa and Hapoel Tel Aviv have competed in the UEFA Champions League and Hapoel Tel Aviv reached the UEFA Cup quarter-finals. Maccabi Tel Aviv B.C. has won the European championship in basketball six times.",
"title": "Israel"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The 2010 UEFA Champions League Final was a football match played at the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium, home of Real Madrid, on Saturday, 22 May 2010, to determine the winners of the 2009 -- 10 UEFA Champions League. It was the first Champions League final to be played on a Saturday, rather than the traditional Wednesday. The match was won by Internazionale, who beat Bayern Munich 2 -- 0 to complete the Treble, a feat never before achieved by any team from either Italy or Germany. The refereeing team came from England and was led by Howard Webb.",
"title": "2010 UEFA Champions League Final"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Little League World Series Most recent season or competition: 2017 Little League World Series Sport Baseball Founded 1947, 70 years ago No. of teams 16 Countries International Most recent champion (s) Tokyo, Japan Most titles Taiwan (17 titles) Official website LittleLeague.org",
"title": "Little League World Series"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Chatham Maroons are a junior ice hockey team based in Chatham, Ontario, Canada. They play in the Western division of the Greater Ontario Junior Hockey League. The Maroons were the 1970 Western Ontario Junior A Champions and 1973 Southern Ontario Junior A Champions. The Maroons have won multiple Junior B league titles and the 1999 Sutherland Cup as Ontario Hockey Association Junior B Champions.",
"title": "Chatham Maroons"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Boston has teams in the four major North American professional sports leagues plus Major League Soccer, and has won 36 championships in these leagues, As of 2014[update]. It is one of six cities (along with Chicago, Detroit, Los Angeles, New York and Philadelphia) to have won championships in all four major sports. It has been suggested that Boston is the new \"TitleTown, USA\", as the city's professional sports teams have won nine championships since 2001: Patriots (2001, 2003, 2004, and 2014), Red Sox (2004, 2007, and 2013), Celtics (2008), and Bruins (2011). This love of sports has made Boston the United States Olympic Committee's choice to bid to hold the 2024 Summer Olympic Games, but the city cited financial concerns when it withdrew its bid on July 27, 2015.",
"title": "Boston"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The fleur - de-lis is used by a number of sports teams, especially when it echoes a local flag. This is true with the former Quebec Nordiques National Hockey League team and the former Montreal Expos Major League Baseball team, the Serie A team Fiorentina, the Bundesliga side SV Darmstadt 98 (also known as Die Lilien -- The Lilies), the Major League Soccer team the Montreal Impact, the sports teams of New Orleans, Louisiana in the NFL, NBA and the Pacific Coast League, the Rugby League team Wakefield Trinity Wildcats and the NPSL team Detroit City FC. Marc - André Fleury, a Canadian ice hockey goaltender, has a fleur - de-lis logo on his mask. The UFC Welterweight Champion from 2006 to 2013, Georges St - Pierre, has a tattoo of the fleur - de-lis on his right calf. The IT University of Copenhagen's soccer team ITU F.C. has it in their logo. France used the symbol in the official emblem on the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup",
"title": "Fleur-de-lis"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Boston Red Sox, a founding member of the American League of Major League Baseball in 1901, play their home games at Fenway Park, near Kenmore Square in the city's Fenway section. Built in 1912, it is the oldest sports arena or stadium in active use in the United States among the four major professional American sports leagues, encompassing Major League Baseball, the National Football League, National Basketball Association, and the National Hockey League. Boston was the site of the first game of the first modern World Series, in 1903. The series was played between the AL Champion Boston Americans and the NL champion Pittsburgh Pirates. Persistent reports that the team was known in 1903 as the \"Boston Pilgrims\" appear to be unfounded. Boston's first professional baseball team was the Red Stockings, one of the charter members of the National Association in 1871, and of the National League in 1876. The team played under that name until 1883, under the name Beaneaters until 1911, and under the name Braves from 1912 until they moved to Milwaukee after the 1952 season. Since 1966 they have played in Atlanta as the Atlanta Braves.",
"title": "Boston"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Des Newton is a former Gaelic footballer and manager from County Roscommon, Ireland. He played with the Roscommon intercounty team from the 1970s until the 1980s. He won two Connacht Senior Football Championships and an All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship in 1978. He also played with Donegal.",
"title": "Des Newton (Gaelic footballer)"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "S.L. Benfica, with 36 titles, have been crowned champions more times than any other club, and dominated the league during the 1960s and 1970s. Benfica are followed by Porto with 28 titles, who dominated in the 1990s and 2000s, who in turn are followed by Sporting CP with 18 titles, they dominated in the 1940s and 1950s. C.F. Os Belenenses and Boavista F.C. are the only other clubs which managed to win the league, each having won it once. All five clubs are from the two largest cities, of Lisbon and Porto respectively.",
"title": "List of Portuguese football champions"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Scottish Premiership Founded 2013; 5 years ago (2013) Country Scotland Confederation UEFA Number of teams 12 Level on pyramid Relegation to Scottish Championship Domestic cup (s) Scottish Cup League cup (s) Scottish League Cup International cup (s) UEFA Champions League UEFA Europa League Current champions Celtic (5th title) (2017 -- 18) Most championships Celtic (5 titles) TV partners Sky Sports BT Sport BBC Scotland Website www.spfl.co.uk 2017 -- 18 Scottish Premiership",
"title": "Scottish Premiership"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Name Nat Tenure Honours Ted Drake England 1952 -- 1961 1955 First Division 1955 FA Charity Shield Tommy Docherty Scotland 1961 -- 1967 1965 Football League Cup Dave Sexton England 1967 -- 1974 1970 FA Cup 1971 European Cup Winners' Cup John Neal England 1981 -- 1985 1984 Second Division John Hollins England 1985 -- 1988 1986 Full Members Cup Bobby Campbell England 1988 -- 1991 1989 Second Division 1990 Full Members Cup Ruud Gullit Netherlands 1996 -- 1998 1997 FA Cup Gianluca Vialli Italy 1998 -- 2000 1998 Football League Cup 1998 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup 1998 UEFA Super Cup 2000 FA Cup 2000 FA Charity Shield José Mourinho Portugal 2004 -- 2007 2013 -- 2015 2005 Football League Cup 2005 Premier League 2005 FA Community Shield 2006 Premier League 2007 Football League Cup 2007 FA Cup 2015 Football League Cup 2015 Premier League Guus Hiddink Netherlands 2009 2015 -- 2016 2009 FA Cup Carlo Ancelotti Italy 2009 -- 2011 2009 FA Community Shield 2010 Premier League 2010 FA Cup Roberto Di Matteo Italy 2012 2012 FA Cup 2012 UEFA Champions League Rafael Benítez Spain 2012 -- 2013 2013 UEFA Europa League Antonio Conte Italy 2016 -- 2018 2017 Premier League 2018 FA Cup",
"title": "List of Chelsea F.C. managers"
}
],
"question": "Who was the manager of the sports team that once employed Eddie Newton, when they won Champion's League?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Chelsea",
"id": 220241,
"paragraph_support_idx": 8,
"question": "Eddie Newton >> member of sports team"
},
{
"answer": "Roberto Di Matteo",
"id": 90536,
"paragraph_support_idx": 19,
"question": "who was manager when #1 won champions league"
}
]
} |
2hop__624185_638959 | What type of university is the institution that employed Saul Amarel an instance of? | land-grant university | [
"land-grant university",
"Land-grant university"
] | {
"answer": "land-grant university",
"answer_aliases": [
"Land-grant university"
],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__624185_638959",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Better Call Saul is an American television crime drama series created by Vince Gilligan and Peter Gould. It is a spin - off prequel of Gilligan's prior series Breaking Bad. Set in 2002 Better Call Saul follows the story of small - time lawyer James Morgan ``Jimmy ''McGill (Bob Odenkirk), six years before his appearance on Breaking Bad as Saul Goodman; events after the original series are briefly explored as well.",
"title": "Better Call Saul"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Canadian Human Rights Commission (CHRC) was established in 1977 by the government of Canada. It is empowered under the \"Canadian Human Rights Act\" to investigate and try to settle complaints of discrimination in employment and in the provision of services within federal jurisdiction. The CHRC is also empowered under the \"Employment Equity Act\" to ensure that federally regulated employers provide equal opportunities for four designated groups: women, Aboriginal people, the disabled and visible minorities. The CHRC helps enforce these human rights and inform the general public and employers of these rights.",
"title": "Canadian Human Rights Commission"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station (or NJAES) is an entity currently operated by Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey in conjunction with the State of New Jersey in the university's role as the state's sole land-grant university. Today, it conducts research in agriculture, horticulture and turf grass science, and through the Rutgers Cooperative Extension aids New Jersey farmers, landscapers, and residents in each of the state's twenty-one counties.",
"title": "New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Richard Saul Ferguson (28 July 1837, Carlisle – 3 March 1900, Carlisle) was an English antiquary, specialising in the local history of Cumberland and Westmorland.",
"title": "Richard Saul Ferguson"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Trent Reznor -- lyrics, performance, and production Atticus Ross -- production Thavius Beck -- production on ``Tardusted ''and`` OpalHeartClinic_Niggy_Tardust! (Escaped...'' remixes Saul Williams -- backing vocals",
"title": "Survivalism (song)"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Saul (/ sɔːl /; Hebrew: שָׁאוּל, Šāʼûl; ``asked for, prayed for ''; Latin: Saul; Arabic: طالوت , Ṭālūt or Arabic: شاؤل , Sha'ūl), according to the Hebrew Bible, was the first king of the Kingdom of Israel and Judah. His reign, traditionally placed in the late 11th century BCE, marked a transition from a tribal society to statehood.",
"title": "Saul"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Better Call Saul is an American television crime drama series created by Vince Gilligan and Peter Gould. It is a spin - off prequel of Gilligan's prior series Breaking Bad. Set in the early 2000s, Better Call Saul follows the story of con - man turned small - time lawyer, Jimmy McGill (Bob Odenkirk), six years before the events of Breaking Bad, showing his transformation into the persona of criminal - for - hire Saul Goodman. Jimmy becomes the lawyer for former beat cop Mike Ehrmantraut (Jonathan Banks), whose relevant skill set allows him to enter the criminal underworld of drug trafficking in Albuquerque, New Mexico. The show premiered on AMC on February 8, 2015. The 10 - episode fourth season aired between August and October, 2018. The show has been renewed for a fifth season.",
"title": "Better Call Saul"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The third season of the American television drama series Better Call Saul premiered on April 10, 2017, and concluded on June 19, 2017. The ten - episode season was broadcast on Monday nights in the United States on AMC. Better Call Saul is a spin - off of Breaking Bad created by Vince Gilligan and Peter Gould who also worked on Breaking Bad.",
"title": "Better Call Saul (season 3)"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Huell Babineaux (played by Lavell Crawford) is Saul Goodman's bodyguard, who also executes various intimidation and other errands. Hired more for his size and pick pocketing skills than his intelligence, he has a condition approximating narcolepsy (e.g., he falls asleep at odd times, such as when standing up or while on security detail), and has digestive problems that keep him from being as stoic as Saul would like. Together with Kuby, he was sent to intimidate Ted Beneke into paying his IRS debts with the money Skyler gave Ted. Later seen in the Season 5 premiere, it is made known that Huell played a huge role in the poisoning of Brock Cantillo when he pick pocketed Jesse's ricin cigarette. In ``Buried, ''Saul sends Huell and Kuby to collect Walt's money from a storage locker in which he and Kuby proceed to lie down and relax on Walt's millions, and in`` Confessions,'' Saul tasks Huell with pick pocketing Jesse's marijuana.",
"title": "List of Breaking Bad and Better Call Saul characters"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Lavell Maurice Crawford is an American comedian and actor. He is best known for playing Huell Babineaux, the bodyguard, assistant, and pickpocket for Saul Goodman in Breaking Bad and its spin - off Better Call Saul. Lavell also played the role of Gus Patch in the Netflix original movie The Ridiculous 6.",
"title": "Lavell Crawford"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Perceived sexual orientation may affect how a person is treated. For instance, in the United States, the FBI reported that 15.6% of hate crimes reported to police in 2004 were \"because of a sexual-orientation bias\". Under the UK Employment Equality (Sexual Orientation) Regulations 2003, as explained by Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service, \"workers or job applicants must not be treated less favourably because of their sexual orientation, their perceived sexual orientation or because they associate with someone of a particular sexual orientation\".",
"title": "Sexual orientation"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Saul (/ sɔːl /; Hebrew: שָׁאוּל, Šāʼûl; ``asked for, prayed for ''; Latin: Saul; Arabic: طالوت , Ṭālūt or Arabic: شاؤل , Ša'ūl), according to the Hebrew Bible, was the first king of the Kingdom of Israel and Judah. His reign, traditionally placed in the late 11th century BCE, marked a transition from a tribal society to statehood.",
"title": "Saul"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "To further highlight the difference between a problem and an instance, consider the following instance of the decision version of the traveling salesman problem: Is there a route of at most 2000 kilometres passing through all of Germany's 15 largest cities? The quantitative answer to this particular problem instance is of little use for solving other instances of the problem, such as asking for a round trip through all sites in Milan whose total length is at most 10 km. For this reason, complexity theory addresses computational problems and not particular problem instances.",
"title": "Computational complexity theory"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Andrew Marshall Saul (born November 6, 1946) is an American businessman from Katonah, New York who served as the Chairman of the Federal Retirement Thrift Investment Board (FRTIB) and Vice Chairman of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) in New York City, United States. Saul has been a General Partner in the investment firm Saul Partners, L.P., since 1986.",
"title": "Andrew Saul"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Eddie Murphy as Prince Akeem Joffer, the prince of Zamunda; Randy Watson, a soul singer with the fictional band Sexual Chocolate. Eddie Murphy also plays Saul, the Jewish barbershop customer, as well as Clarence, the owner of the barber shop. Arsenio Hall as Semmi, Akeem's friend; Reverend Brown; Morris the barber; and an unattractive clubgoer. James Earl Jones as King Jaffe Joffer, Akeem's father and King of Zamunda. John Amos as Cleo McDowell, Akeem's employer and Lisa's father. Madge Sinclair as Queen Aeoleon, Akeem's mother and the Queen of Zamunda. Shari Headley as Lisa McDowell, Cleo's oldest daughter and Akeem's love interest. Paul Bates as Oha, a royal servant. Eriq La Salle as Darryl Jenks, Lisa's boyfriend whom she eventually breaks up with.",
"title": "Coming to America"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "New Zealand has an annual quota of 75 Tuvaluans granted work permits under the Pacific Access Category, as announced in 2001. The applicants register for the Pacific Access Category (PAC) ballots; the primary criteria is that the principal applicant must have a job offer from a New Zealand employer. Tuvaluans also have access to seasonal employment in the horticulture and viticulture industries in New Zealand under the Recognised Seasonal Employer (RSE) Work Policy introduced in 2007 allowing for employment of up to 5,000 workers from Tuvalu and other Pacific islands. Tuvaluans can participate in the Australian Pacific Seasonal Worker Program, which allows Pacific Islanders to obtain seasonal employment in the Australian agriculture industry, in particular cotton and cane operations; fishing industry, in particular aquaculture; and with accommodation providers in the tourism industry.",
"title": "Tuvalu"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Information architecture is considered to have been founded by Richard Saul Wurman. Today there is a growing network of active IA specialists who constitute the Information Architecture Institute.",
"title": "Information architecture"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Heschel's second wife was Dina, the granddaughter of Saul Wahl, who according to folklore was king of Poland for one day.",
"title": "Avraham Yehoshua Heschel"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Saul Amarel (1928 – December 18, 2002) was professor of computer science at Rutgers University, and best known for his pioneering work in artificial intelligence (AI). He also had a career as a scientist, engineer, and teacher. He was a contributor to advanced computing and AI methodologies, both applied to scientific inquiry as well as engineering practice.",
"title": "Saul Amarel"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Better Call Saul is an American television crime drama series created by Vince Gilligan and Peter Gould. It is a spin - off prequel of Gilligan's prior series Breaking Bad. Set in the early 2000s, Better Call Saul follows the story of con - man turned small - time lawyer, Jimmy McGill (Bob Odenkirk), six years before the events of Breaking Bad, showing his transformation into the persona of criminal - for - hire Saul Goodman. Jimmy becomes the lawyer of former beat cop Mike Ehrmantraut (Jonathan Banks), whose relevant skill set allows him to enter the criminal underworld of drug trafficking in Albuquerque, New Mexico. The show premiered on AMC on February 8, 2015. The 10 - episode fourth season started airing August 6, 2018; the show has been renewed for a fifth season.",
"title": "Better Call Saul"
}
],
"question": "What type of university is the institution that employed Saul Amarel an instance of?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Rutgers University",
"id": 624185,
"paragraph_support_idx": 18,
"question": "Saul Amarel >> employer"
},
{
"answer": "land-grant university",
"id": 638959,
"paragraph_support_idx": 2,
"question": "#1 >> instance of"
}
]
} |
3hop1__107107_466282_70752 | What is the main international airport in the death city of John III of the country having The Other Sport ? | Stockholm Arlanda Airport | [
"Stockholm Arlanda Airport",
"Arlanda Airport",
"ARN"
] | {
"answer": "Stockholm Arlanda Airport",
"answer_aliases": [
"Arlanda Airport",
"ARN"
],
"answerable": true,
"id": "3hop1__107107_466282_70752",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Education in Stockholm goes back to 1583, when the small college Collegium Regium Stockholmense was founded in by King John III in Stockholm, Sweden.",
"title": "Education in Stockholm"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Alberic III (died 1044) was the Count of Tusculum, along with Galeria, Preneste, and Arce, from 1024, when his brother the count Roman was elected Pope John XIX, until his own death. He was a son of Gregory I and Maria, brother of Popes Benedict VIII and John XIX, and brother-in-law of Thrasimund III of Spoleto.",
"title": "Alberic III, Count of Tusculum"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Aeronaves Dominicanas or AERODOMCA is an air charter airline established in 1980 with facilities in Samaná El Catey International Airport, and main offices in the La Isabela International Airport, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.",
"title": "Aeronaves Dominicanas"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Afrijet Airlines was an airline with its head office in the NAHCO Building on the grounds of Murtala Muhammed International Airport in Ikeja, Nigeria. It was established and started regional cargo operations in 1999. Its main base is Murtala Mohammed International Airport.",
"title": "Afrijet Airlines"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Malta International Airport (Maltese: Ajruport Internazzjonali ta 'Malta, IATA: MLA, ICAO: LMML) is the only airport in Malta and it serves the whole of the Maltese Islands. It is located on island of Malta, between Luqa and Gudja, and occupies the location of the former RAF Luqa. It was completely refurbished, becoming fully operational on 25 March 1992. It is still referred to by locals as Luqa Airport, and sometimes as Valletta Airport internationally, as it is located 5 km (3.1 mi) southwest of the Maltese capital Valletta. The airport serves as the main hub for Air Malta and a base for Ryanair. It is also home to the Area Control Center and hosts the annual Malta Airshow, visited by military and civil aircraft from various countries. The airport is operated by Malta International Airport plc.",
"title": "Malta International Airport"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "British Columbia Campbell River (Campbell River Airport) Dawson Creek (Dawson Creek Airport) Fort Nelson (Fort Nelson Airport) Fort St. John (Fort St. John Airport) Kamloops (Kamloops Airport) Kelowna (Kelowna International Airport) Prince George (Prince George Airport) Quesnel (Quesnel Airport) Smithers (Smithers Airport) Terrace (Northwest Regional Airport) Vancouver (Vancouver International Airport) Williams Lake (Williams Lake Airport)",
"title": "Central Mountain Air"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Groupe Air Sénégal, operating as Senegal Airlines, was an airline with its head office on the property of Léopold Sédar Senghor International Airport in Dakar, Senegal. It operated a scheduled network in Senegal and neighbouring countries from its main base at Léopold Sédar Senghor International Airport.",
"title": "Senegal Airlines"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Air Georgian Limited is a privately owned airline based at Toronto Pearson International Airport in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada. Its main business is its operation as Air Canada Express on a Tier III codeshare with Air Canada for scheduled services on domestic and trans-border routes. Air Georgian is based at Toronto Pearson International Airport.",
"title": "Air Georgian"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Stockholm Arlanda Airport (IATA: ARN, ICAO: ESSA), is an international airport located in the Sigtuna Municipality of Sweden, near the town of Märsta, 37 kilometres (23 mi) north of Stockholm and nearly 40 kilometres (25 mi) south - east of Uppsala. The airport is located within Stockholm County and the province of Uppland. It is the largest airport in Sweden and the third - largest airport in the Nordic countries. The airport is the major gateway to international air travel for large parts of Sweden. Arlanda Airport was used by close to 27 million passengers in 2017, with 21.2 million international passengers and 5.5 million domestic.",
"title": "Stockholm Arlanda Airport"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "John C. Munro Hamilton International Airport (IATA: YHM, ICAO: CYHM) is an international airport located in Mount Hope, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. It is named for John Carr Munro, former Canadian Member of Parliament in Hamilton and cabinet minister. The airport is situated 11 km (6.8 mi) and 64 km (40 mi) southwest of Downtown Hamilton and Downtown Toronto, respectively. It is one of four airports serving Greater Toronto providing scheduled passenger service and serves as an alternate and reliever for nearby Toronto Pearson International Airport. Former British airline Flyglobespan referred to the airport as Toronto Hamilton International Airport.",
"title": "John C. Munro Hamilton International Airport"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "PNG Air is an airline based on the grounds of Jacksons International Airport, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea. It operates scheduled domestic and international flights, as well as contract corporate charter work. Its main base is Jacksons International Airport.",
"title": "PNG Air"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Other Sport () is a 2013 SVT three-part documentary television series produced by Freedom From Choice and Sveriges Television zooming in on the conditions of women's football in Sweden since the first clubs got structurally organized in the mid-1960s until this very day through the early dominance of Öxabäcks IF in the 1970s and 1980s, the importance of Umeå IK in the 2000s, Sweden winning the first UEFA Women's Championship in 1984 and until 2013 when the UEFA Women's Euro 2013 was played in Sweden.",
"title": "The Other Sport"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Miami International Airport serves as the primary international airport of the Greater Miami Area. One of the busiest international airports in the world, Miami International Airport caters to over 35 million passengers a year. The airport is a major hub and the single largest international gateway for American Airlines. Miami International is the busiest airport in Florida, and is the United States' second-largest international port of entry for foreign air passengers behind New York's John F. Kennedy International Airport, and is the seventh-largest such gateway in the world. The airport's extensive international route network includes non-stop flights to over seventy international cities in North and South America, Europe, Asia, and the Middle East.",
"title": "Miami"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The original start date was January 2002, but was pushed to February 7 in Los Angeles, California. Locations included Burbank, Downey, New York City, LA / Ontario International Airport (which doubled for Miami International Airport), Quebec City and Montreal. The film was shot in 147 locations in only 52 days. DiCaprio reflected, ``Scenes that we thought would take three days took an afternoon ''. Filming ran from April 25 -- 30 in Park Avenue, just outside the Waldorf - Astoria Hotel. Production moved to Orange, New Jersey and returned to Brooklyn for bank and courthouse scenes. Shooting also took place at the TWA Flight Center at John F. Kennedy International Airport. Quebec City was chosen for its European character and French feel. Place Royale, within Old Quebec, stands for Montrichard -- the church in the background of the arrest scene is Notre - Dame - des - Victoires. Filming ended on May 12 in Montreal.",
"title": "Catch Me If You Can"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Many large airports are located near railway trunk routes for seamless connection of multimodal transport, for instance Frankfurt Airport, Amsterdam Airport Schiphol, London Heathrow Airport, London Gatwick Airport and London Stansted Airport. It is also common to connect an airport and a city with rapid transit, light rail lines or other non-road public transport systems. Some examples of this would include the AirTrain JFK at John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York, Link Light Rail that runs from the heart of downtown Seattle to Seattle–Tacoma International Airport, and the Silver Line T at Boston's Logan International Airport by the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA). Such a connection lowers risk of missed flights due to traffic congestion. Large airports usually have access also through controlled-access highways ('freeways' or 'motorways') from which motor vehicles enter either the departure loop or the arrival loop.",
"title": "Airport"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Halcyonair, S.A. was an airline with its head office in Amílcar Cabral International Airport in Espargos, Sal, Cape Verde. It was established in April 2005 and operated domestic flights between the Cape Verde Islands from its main base Amílcar Cabral International Airport.",
"title": "Halcyonair"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Air Niugini Limited is the national airline of Papua New Guinea, based in Air Niugini House on the property of Jacksons International Airport, Port Moresby. It operates a domestic network from Port Moresby to all 12 major airports while the subsidiary company Link PNG operates the minor airports. It also operates international services in Asia, Oceania, and Australia on a weekly basis. Its main base is Jacksons International Airport which is located in 7 Mile, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea. \"Niugini\" is the Tok Pisin word for \"New Guinea\".",
"title": "Air Niugini"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Casablanca's main airport is Mohammed V International Airport, Morocco's busiest airport. Regular domestic flights serve Marrakech, Rabat, Agadir, Oujda, Tangier, Al Hoceima, and Laayoune, as well as other cities.",
"title": "Casablanca"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 2009 Tajikistan had 26 airports, 18 of which had paved runways, of which two had runways longer than 3,000 meters. The country's main airport is Dushanbe International Airport which as of April 2015, had regularly scheduled flights to major cities in Russia, Central Asia, as well as Delhi, Dubai, Frankfurt, Istanbul, Kabul, Tehran, and Ürümqi amongst others. There are also international flights, mainly to Russia, from Khujand Airport in the northern part of the country as well as limited international services from Kulob Airport, and Qurghonteppa International Airport. Khorog Airport is a domestic airport and also the only airport in the sparsely populated eastern half of the country.",
"title": "Tajikistan"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "St. John's Antigua TAPA ANU V.C. Bird International Airport 17 ° 08 ′ 12 ''N 61 ° 47 ′ 34'' W / 17.13667 ° N 61.79278 ° W / 17.13667; - 61.79278 (VC Bird International Airport)",
"title": "List of airports in Antigua and Barbuda"
}
],
"question": "What is the main international airport in the death city of John III of the country having The Other Sport ?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Sweden",
"id": 107107,
"paragraph_support_idx": 11,
"question": "What is the country The Other Sport is from?"
},
{
"answer": "Stockholm",
"id": 466282,
"paragraph_support_idx": 0,
"question": "John III of #1 >> place of death"
},
{
"answer": "Stockholm Arlanda Airport",
"id": 70752,
"paragraph_support_idx": 8,
"question": "what is the main international airport in #2"
}
]
} |
2hop__71758_79467 | Who on Last Man Standing plays the father of the actor who did the voice of buzz lightyear in toy story? | Mike Baxter | [
"Mike Baxter"
] | {
"answer": "Mike Baxter",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__71758_79467",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Previously known as Tinny and Lunar Larry, Buzz Lightyear is a modern - day ``space ranger ''action figure, and wears a green and white space suit with various features such as retractable wings and transparent air helmet, a laser`` weapon,'' and various sound effects. In the films, he acts as Woody's second - in - command. In Toy Story, he begins the series believing he is a real space ranger (the other toys are aware that they are toys) and develops a rivalry with Woody, who resents him for getting more attention as the newcomer. During the film, he comes to realize that he is just a toy, and eventually becomes good friends with Woody. He is extremely loyal to his friends. During his time trapped at Sid's house, Hannah, Sid's sister, called Buzz Mrs. Nesbit. In Toy Story 2, Buzz goes to save Woody from Al with Potato Head, Hamm, Rex, and Slink (Slinky Dog) where he gets stuck in the Buzz Lightyear aisle in Al's Toy Barn by another Buzz and finds out for himself what he was really like. In Toy Story 3, a relationship begins to develop between Buzz and Jessie. He is particularly open with his affection when accidentally switched to ``Spanish mode. ''",
"title": "List of Toy Story characters"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Jackson Timothy Brundage (born January 21, 2001) is an American actor. He is best known for his portrayal of Jamie Scott on The CW's One Tree Hill, a role he held from 2008 until the series's conclusion in 2012. Brundage was in the Nick at Nite sitcom, See Dad Run starring Scott Baio which lasted from 2012 to 2015. He was the first voice of Foo in the Nickelodeon series Harvey Beaks before being replaced by Tom Robinson. He has performed in film, television, and voice over. He played Charlie Allan Smith in Lime Salted Love. He also voiced Pablo in Einstein Pals.",
"title": "Jackson Brundage"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Cow and Chicken was notable in that a single actor, Charlie Adler, voiced three leading roles of Cow, Chicken, and the Red Guy. Supporting voices included Candi Milo and Dee Bradley Baker as Mom and Dad, and Dan Castellaneta and Howard Morris as Earl and Flem.",
"title": "Cow and Chicken"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Jonathan Harris (born Jonathan Daniel Charasuchin; November 6, 1914 -- November 3, 2002) was an American character actor. Two of his best - known roles were as the timid accountant Bradford Webster in the television version of The Third Man and the prissy villain Dr. Zachary Smith of the 1960s science fiction series Lost in Space. Near the end of his career, he provided voices for the animated features A Bug's Life and Toy Story 2.",
"title": "Jonathan Harris"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"Toy Whorey\" is the eighteenth episode and season finale of the secentg season of the animated comedy series \"American Dad!\". It aired on Fox in the United States on May 13, 2012. The episode plot mainly revolves around Stan trying to stop his fourteen-year-old son, Steve from playing with toys. The title and Steve's fantasy parodies \"Toy Story\".",
"title": "Toy Whorey"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "James Albert Varney Jr. (June 15, 1949 -- February 10, 2000) was an American actor, comedian, and writer, best known for his role as Ernest P. Worrell, who was used in numerous television commercial advertising campaigns and movies, earning him fame worldwide and a Daytime Emmy Award. He gained further notability for playing Jed Clampett in the movie version of The Beverly Hillbillies (1993) and providing the voice of Slinky Dog in Toy Story (1995) and Toy Story 2 (1999).",
"title": "Jim Varney"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Kaitlyn Dever (/ ˈdiːvər /; born December 21, 1996) is an American actress. She is known for her roles as Gwen Thompson in An American Girl: Chrissa Stands Strong, Loretta McCready in Justified, Eve Baxter in Last Man Standing, and Jayden Cole in Short Term 12.",
"title": "Kaitlyn Dever"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Estelle Harris (née Nussbaum; April 4, 1928) is an American actress, voice actress and comedian. Easily recognized by her distinctive, high - pitched voice, she is best known for her roles as Estelle Costanza on Seinfeld, the voice of Mrs. Potato Head in the Toy Story franchise, and Muriel on The Suite Life of Zack & Cody.",
"title": "Estelle Harris"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "He is voiced by Tim Allen in the Toy Story films, few video games, the upcoming video game Kingdom Hearts III, and the Buzz Lightyear movie, Patrick Warburton in the TV series, and by Pat Fraley for the video games and the attractions in Disney Parks.",
"title": "Buzz Lightyear"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``You've Got a Friend in Me ''is a song by Randy Newman. Used as the theme song for the 1995 Disney / Pixar animated film Toy Story, it has since become a major musical component for its sequels, Toy Story 2 (1999) and Toy Story 3 (2010) as well as a musical leitmotif throughout the whole Toy Story franchise. The song was nominated for both the Academy Award for Best Original Song and the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song, but lost both to`` Colors of the Wind'' from Disney's Pocahontas.",
"title": "You've Got a Friend in Me"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Tim Allen as Mike Baxter: Mike is a father of three daughters and the director of marketing for the Outdoor Man chain of sporting goods stores. He fervently supports traditional American values, is a Protestant, and is politically conservative. Mike loves his daughters but says his favorite is Eve, the youngest and most athletic daughter, and whose political opinions and interests mirror his own. He is proud of her ability to excel at anything she tries, including school work, hunting, and playing sports. Mike often finds himself annoyed with Outdoor Man's young slow - witted employee Kyle, and with Ryan, his politically liberal son - in - law and the father of Mike's grandson Boyd. The video blog or ``vlog ''that Mike does for Outdoor Man is frequently used as a vehicle to rant about his political views. Mike is a graduate of the University of Michigan, and an amateur radio operator using the call sign KA0XTT.",
"title": "Last Man Standing (American TV series)"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``You've Got a Friend in Me ''is a song written and first recorded by Randy Newman. Originally written as the theme song for the 1995 Disney / Pixar animated film Toy Story, it has since become the theme song for its sequels, Toy Story 2 (1999) and Toy Story 3 (2010) as well as a musical leitmotif throughout the whole Toy Story franchise. The song was nominated for both the Academy Award for Best Original Song and the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song, but lost both to`` Colors of the Wind'' from Disney's Pocahontas.",
"title": "You've Got a Friend in Me"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Wendy K. Schaal (born July 2, 1954) is an American actress and voice - over artist best known for her work in Joe Dante films such as Innerspace, The 'Burbs and Small Soldiers. Since 2005, she has primarily worked in cartoon voice acting, most notably voicing Francine Smith in the animated comedy American Dad!",
"title": "Wendy Schaal"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Jonathan Harris (born Jonathan Daniel Charasuchin; November 6, 1914 -- November 3, 2002) was an American character actor. Two of his best - known roles were as the timid accountant Bradford Webster in the television version of The Third Man and the fussy villain Dr. Zachary Smith of the 1960s science fiction series Lost in Space. Near the end of his career, he provided voices for the animated features A Bug's Life and Toy Story 2.",
"title": "Jonathan Harris"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "John Dezso Ratzenberger (born April 6, 1947) is an American actor, voice actor, and entrepreneur. He is best known as Cliff Clavin in Cheers. He is also known for his extensive vocal work in Pixar Animation Studios' films, notably Hamm in the Toy Story franchise and Mack in the Cars franchise.",
"title": "John Ratzenberger"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Toy Story 3 is a 2010 American 3D computer - animated comedy - drama film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures. It is the third installment in Pixar's Toy Story series, and the sequel to 1999's Toy Story 2. It was directed by Lee Unkrich, the editor of the first two films and the co-director of Toy Story 2, written by Michael Arndt, while Unkrich wrote the story along with John Lasseter and Andrew Stanton, respectively director and co-writer of the first two films. The plot focuses on the toys Woody, Buzz Lightyear, and their friends dealing with an uncertain future as their owner, Andy, prepares to leave for college. The film features an ensemble voice cast with Tom Hanks, Tim Allen, Joan Cusack, Don Rickles, Wallace Shawn, John Ratzenberger, Estelle Harris, Jodi Benson, and John Morris reprising their roles from the previous films, along with Blake Clark as the voice of Slinky Dog (because Jim Varney died ten years before the release of the film) and Ned Beatty, Michael Keaton, Whoopi Goldberg, Timothy Dalton, Kristen Schaal, Bonnie Hunt, and Jeff Garlin voicing the new characters introduced in this film.",
"title": "Toy Story 3"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Last Man Standing is an American television sitcom starring Tim Allen. The series aired on ABC from October 11, 2011 to March 31, 2017 with 130 episodes.",
"title": "Last Man Standing (American TV series)"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Tom Hanks as Woody, a pull - string cowboy doll. Tim Allen as Buzz Lightyear, a space ranger action figure and Woody's rival, who later becomes his best friend. Don Rickles as Mr. Potato Head, a cynical potato - shaped doll with put - together pieces on his body. Jim Varney as Slinky Dog, a dachshund slinky toy. Wallace Shawn as Rex, a nervous green Tyrannosaurus Rex figurine. John Ratzenberger as Hamm, a smart - talking piggy bank. Annie Potts as Bo Peep, a porcelain shepherdess doll and Woody's love interest. John Morris as Andy, Woody and Buzz's six - year - old owner. Erik von Detten as Sid, Andy's next door neighbor and a ten - year - old bully, who tortures toys for his own amusement. Laurie Metcalf as Mrs. Davis, Andy's mother. R. Lee Ermey as Sergeant, the leader of a large troop of plastic green army men. Sarah Freeman as Hannah, Sid's younger sister. Penn Jillette as TV Announcer, Buzz Lightyear commercial announcer",
"title": "Toy Story"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Tom Hanks as Sheriff Woody Tim Allen as Buzz Lightyear Joan Cusack as Jessie Ned Beatty as Lots - O '- Huggin' Bear John Morris as Andy Davis Don Rickles as Mr. Potato Head Blake Clark as Slinky Dog Wallace Shawn as Rex John Ratzenberger as Hamm Estelle Harris as Mrs. Potato Head Michael Keaton as Ken Jodi Benson as Barbie Emily Hahn as Bonnie Anderson Jeff Pidgeon as Aliens Timothy Dalton as Mr. Pricklepants Kristen Schaal as Trixie Jeff Garlin as Buttercup Bonnie Hunt as Dolly Whoopi Goldberg as Stretch Kristen Schaal and Jeff Garlin, who attended the Toy Story 3 panel at the 2010 WonderCon, joined the cast as Trixie and Buttercup, respectively. Jack Angel as Chunk Jan Rabson as Sparks John Cygan as Twitch Laurie Metcalf as Ms. Davis Lori Alan as Bonnie's Mom Bea Miller as Molly Davis R. Lee Ermey as Sarge Teddy Newton as Chatter Telephone Richard Kind as Bookworm Bud Luckey as Chuckles Javier Fernández Peña as Spanish Buzz Charlie Bright as Peaty / Young Andy Amber Kroner as Peatrice Brianna Maiwand as Peanelope Erik von Detten as Sid Jack Willis as The Frog Lee Unkrich as Jack - in - the - Box Bob Peterson as Janitor Woody Smith as Big Baby",
"title": "Toy Story 3"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "James Albert Varney Jr. (June 15, 1949 -- February 10, 2000) was an American actor, comedian, and writer. He is best known for his role as Ernest P. Worrell, who was used in numerous television commercial advertising campaigns and films and a Daytime Emmy Award. He gained further notability for playing Jed Clampett in the film version of The Beverly Hillbillies (1993) and providing the voice of Slinky Dog in Toy Story (1995) and Toy Story 2 (1999).",
"title": "Jim Varney"
}
],
"question": "Who on Last Man Standing plays the father of the actor who did the voice of buzz lightyear in toy story?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Tim Allen",
"id": 71758,
"paragraph_support_idx": 8,
"question": "who does the voice of buzz lightyear in toy story"
},
{
"answer": "Mike Baxter",
"id": 79467,
"paragraph_support_idx": 10,
"question": "who is #1 dad on last man standing"
}
]
} |
2hop__7734_36735 | When did the city where the capital was relocated to fall? | June 6 | [
"June 6"
] | {
"answer": "June 6",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__7734_36735",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Oklahoma's first capital was Guthrie, Oklahoma, but it moved to Oklahoma City in 1910. Construction began on the Oklahoma State Capitol in 1914 and was completed in 1917. Originally, it housed the judicial branch of Oklahoma, but the state's high courts moved most of their operations to the Oklahoma Judicial Center in 2011, leaving only the Supreme Court Hearing Chamber in the capitol building.",
"title": "Oklahoma State Capitol"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Wellington has been the capital of New Zealand since 1865. New Zealand's first capital city was Old Russell (Okiato) in 1840 -- 41. Auckland was the second capital from 1841 until 1865, when Parliament was permanently moved to Wellington after an argument that persisted for a decade. As the members of parliament could not agree on the location of a more central capital, Wellington was decided on by three Australian commissioners.",
"title": "Capital of New Zealand"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1817 elected delegates wrote a constitution and applied to Congress for statehood. On Dec. 10, 1817, the western portion of Mississippi Territory became the State of Mississippi, the 20th state of the Union. Natchez, long established as a major river port, was the first state capital. As more population came into the state and future growth was anticipated, in 1822 the capital was moved to the more central location of Jackson.",
"title": "History of Mississippi"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Meanwhile, on 10 October 1950, the 89th Tank Battalion was attached to the 1st Cavalry Division, increasing the armor available for the Northern Offensive. On 15 October, after moderate KPA resistance, the 7th Cavalry Regiment and Charlie Company, 70th Tank Battalion captured Namchonjam city. On 17 October, they flanked rightwards, away from the principal road (to Pyongyang), to capture Hwangju. Two days later, the 1st Cavalry Division captured Pyongyang, the North's capital city, on 19 October 1950. Kim Il Sung and his government temporarily moved its capital to Sinuiju – although as UNC forces approached, the government again moved – this time to Kanggye.",
"title": "Korean War"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Elephants can move both forwards and backwards, but can not trot, jump, or gallop. They use only two gaits when moving on land, the walk and a faster gait similar to running. In walking, the legs act as pendulums, with the hips and shoulders rising and falling while the foot is planted on the ground. With no ``aerial phase '', the fast gait does not meet all the criteria of running, although the elephant uses its legs much like other running animals, with the hips and shoulders falling and then rising while the feet are on the ground. Fast - moving elephants appear to 'run' with their front legs, but 'walk' with their hind legs and can reach a top speed of 18 km / h (11 mph). At this speed, most other quadrupeds are well into a gallop, even accounting for leg length.",
"title": "Walking"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The newly allied armies captured Beijing on June 6. The Shunzhi Emperor was invested as the \"Son of Heaven\" on October 30. The Manchus, who had positioned themselves as political heir to the Ming emperor by defeating the rebel Li Zicheng, completed the symbolic transition by holding a formal funeral for the Chongzhen Emperor. However the process of conquering the rest of China took another seventeen years of battling Ming loyalists, pretenders and rebels. The last Ming pretender, Prince Gui, sought refuge with the King of Burma, but was turned over to a Qing expeditionary army commanded by Wu Sangui, who had him brought back to Yunnan province and executed in early 1662.",
"title": "Qing dynasty"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Century Falls is a British cross-genre series broadcast in six twenty-five-minute episodes on BBC1 in early 1993. Written by Russell T Davies, it tells the story of teenager Tess Hunter and her mother, who move to the seemingly idyllic rural village of Century Falls, only to find that it hides many powerful secrets.",
"title": "Century Falls"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "WGEV was a college radio station that was owned by Geneva College in Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania. The station used to broadcast on 88.3 FM, but its license was canceled in September 2007. A class D station, WGEV applied for a power upgrade and move to class A status in 1989 but that move was rejected in July 1989 as it would have caused significant interference with the broadcast signal of WYSU in Youngstown, Ohio.",
"title": "WGEV"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1982, he signed with the Rochester Flash of the second American Soccer League where he earned Rookie of the Year honors. In 1984, he played for the New York Nationals of the United Soccer League. In 1987, Paonessa joined the Albany Capitals as they played an independent schedule. In 1988, the Capitals joined the third American Soccer League. In 1989, the Capitals did not offer Paonessa a contract and he moved to the New Jersey Eagles. He also played for the Memphis Storm of the American Indoor Soccer League In December 1990, the New York Kick of the National Professional Soccer League signed Paonessa who had been painting houses. He remained with the Kick through the 1990-1991 season. He then played for the Greek American AA of the Cosmopolitan Soccer League. In the fall of 1992, he signed with the Canton Invaders of the NPSL. He then played for the New Jersey Stallions of the USISL. Paonessa has continued to play amateur soccer with U.S. Parma.",
"title": "Franco Paonessa"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1978, Vaughn signed with the Detroit Express of the North American Soccer League. He remained with the Express through the 1979-1980 indoor season before moving to the Memphis Rogues for the 1980 outdoor season. In 1981, the team came under new ownership which moved it to Calgary, Alberta, Canada and renamed it the Boomers. In the fall of 1981, Vaughn signed as a free agent with the Jacksonville Tea Men.",
"title": "Danny Vaughn (soccer)"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1845, Kamehameha III moved the permanent capital of the Hawaiian Kingdom from Lahaina on Maui to Honolulu. He and the kings that followed him transformed Honolulu into a modern capital, erecting buildings such as St. Andrew's Cathedral, ʻIolani Palace, and Ali ʻiōlani Hale. At the same time, Honolulu became the center of commerce in the islands, with descendants of American missionaries establishing major businesses in downtown Honolulu.",
"title": "Honolulu"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The California State Legislature, with the support of Governor John Bigler, moved to Sacramento in 1854. The capital of California under Spanish (and, subsequently, Mexican) rule had been Monterey, where in 1849 the first Constitutional Convention and state elections were held. The convention decided that San Jose would be the new state's capital. After 1850, when California's statehood was ratified, the legislature met in San Jose until 1851, Vallejo in 1852, and Benicia in 1853, before moving to Sacramento. In the 1879 Constitutional Convention, Sacramento was named to be the permanent state capital.",
"title": "Sacramento, California"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Puerto Rico's constitution expressly forbids capital punishment, stating \"The death penalty shall not exist\", setting it apart from all U.S. states and territories other than Michigan, which also has a constitutional prohibition (eleven other states and the District of Columbia have abolished capital punishment through statutory law). However, capital punishment is still applicable to offenses committed in Puerto Rico, if they fall under the jurisdiction of the federal government, though federal death penalty prosecutions there have generated significant controversy.",
"title": "Capital punishment in the United States"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1981, he played for the Rochester Flash of the American Soccer League. In the fall of 1980, Laschev signed with the Buffalo Stallions of Major Indoor Soccer League. In 1982, he became a U.S. citizen. He spent three seasons with the Stallions before moving to the Chicago Sting in 1984. In the fall of 1985, the Sting sold Laschev's contract to the Baltimore Blast. He spent one season in Baltimore, then left the league.",
"title": "Mike Laschev"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In the U.S., daylight saving time starts on the second Sunday in March and ends on the first Sunday in November, with the time changes taking place at 2: 00 a.m. local time. With a mnemonic word play referring to seasons, clocks ``spring forward, fall back ''-- that is, in springtime the clocks are moved forward from 2: 00 a.m. to 3: 00 a.m. and in fall they are moved back from 2: 00 a.m. to 1: 00 a.m. Daylight saving time lasts for a total of 34 weeks (238 days) every year, about 65% of the entire year.",
"title": "Daylight saving time in the United States"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Capital Gang is an American weekly political talk show on CNN. It aired on Saturday evenings at 7 p.m. ET. The show debuted in the fall of 1988 and ran until CNN cancelled it in 2005.",
"title": "Capital Gang"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "On 6 December 2017, US President Donald Trump said that he would recognise Jerusalem as Israel's capital and begin the process of moving the embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem. This was a departure from previous Security Council resolutions and prevailing international norms (where no state either recognises Jerusalem as a national capital nor has an embassy there).",
"title": "United Nations General Assembly resolution ES-10/L.22"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "It is believed that Nanjing was the largest city in the world from 1358 to 1425 with a population of 487,000 in 1400. Nanjing remained the capital of the Ming Empire until 1421, when the third emperor of the Ming dynasty, the Yongle Emperor, relocated the capital to Beijing.",
"title": "Nanjing"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Common Community Commission (, ) is responsible for Brussels community matters that are common to both the French Community and the Flemish Community and for institutions that fall within the competencies of the Communities but do not belong exclusively to either Community in the Brussels-Capital Region of Belgium. Examples of this include the bilingual hospitals in the Brussels Region.",
"title": "Common Community Commission"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Arazi Tari is a village in Pindra Tehsil of Varanasi district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Arazi Tari falls under Sarvipur gram panchayat. The village is about 40 kilometers North-West of Varanasi city, 274 kilometers South-East of state capital Lucknow and 789 kilometers South-East of the national capital Delhi.",
"title": "Arazi Tari"
}
],
"question": "When did the city where the capital was relocated to fall?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Beijing",
"id": 7734,
"paragraph_support_idx": 17,
"question": "Where was the capital moved to?"
},
{
"answer": "June 6",
"id": 36735,
"paragraph_support_idx": 5,
"question": "When did #1 fall?"
}
]
} |
2hop__316088_63963 | How many times have the Dodgers been beaten by the baseball team that shares a name with a New York football team? | 1,190 | [
"1,190"
] | {
"answer": "1,190",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__316088_63963",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Kabaddi Kabaddi game Highest governing body International Kabaddi Federation Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Hadudu, Bhavatik, Saadukuda, Hu - Tu - Tu, Himoshika, sadugudu Characteristics Contact Permitted Team members 7 (per side) Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions Type Team sport, Contact sport Equipment None Venue Kabaddi court Presence Country or region Indian Subcontinent tamilnadu Olympic Demonstration sport: 1936 Olympics",
"title": "Kabaddi"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Dockery has also been a member of the St. Louis Rams and Pittsburgh Steelers. He earned a Super Bowl ring with the Giants in Super Bowl XLII against the New England Patriots.",
"title": "Kevin Dockery"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Other professional sports clubs in Oklahoma City include the Oklahoma City Dodgers, the Triple-A affiliate of the Los Angeles Dodgers, the Oklahoma City Energy FC of the United Soccer League, and the Crusaders of Oklahoma Rugby Football Club USA Rugby.",
"title": "Oklahoma City"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Rugby union is the national sport in Samoa and the national team, nicknamed the Manu Samoa, is consistently competitive against teams from vastly more populous nations. Samoa has competed at every Rugby World Cup since 1991, and made the quarter finals in 1991, 1995 and the second round of the 1999 World Cup. At the 2003 world cup, Manu Samoa came close to beating eventual world champions, England. Samoa also played in the Pacific Nations Cup and the Pacific Tri-Nations. The sport is governed by the Samoa Rugby Football Union, who are members of the Pacific Islands Rugby Alliance, and thus, also contribute to the international Pacific Islanders rugby union team.",
"title": "Samoa"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In Brooklyn, the Dodgers won the NL pennant several times (1890, 1899, 1900, 1916, 1920, 1941, 1947, 1949, 1952, 1953, 1955, 1956) and the World Series in 1955. After moving to Los Angeles, the team won National League pennants in 1959, 1963, 1965, 1966, 1974, 1977, 1978, 1981, 1988, and 2017, with World Series championships in 1959, 1963, 1965, 1981, 1988. In all, the Dodgers have appeared in 19 World Series: 9 in Brooklyn and 10 in Los Angeles.",
"title": "Los Angeles Dodgers"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Kang Gee-Eun (also \"Gang Ji-Eun\", ; born October 15, 1990 in Seoul) is a South Korean sport shooter. She beat World Cup champion Yang Huan of China and two-time Olympian Yukie Nakayama of Japan for the gold medal in the women's trap at the 2012 Asian Shooting Championships in Doha, Qatar, accumulating a score of 93 clay pigeons. Kang is also a member of Korea Telecom Shooting Team, and is coached and trained by Song Nam-Jun.",
"title": "Kang Gee-eun"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "2016 National League Championship Series Teams Team (Wins) Manager Season Chicago Cubs (4) Joe Maddon 103 -- 58,. 640, 17.5 GA Los Angeles Dodgers (2) Dave Roberts 91 -- 71,. 562, 4 GA Dates October 15 -- 22 MVP Javier Báez and Jon Lester (Chicago) Umpires Ted Barrett, Gary Cederstrom, Eric Cooper, Ángel Hernández, Alfonso Márquez, Paul Nauert and Bill Welke. NLDS Chicago Cubs beat San Francisco Giants (3 -- 1) Los Angeles Dodgers beat Washington Nationals (3 -- 2) Broadcast Television FS1 (English) Fox Deportes (Spanish) TV announcers Joe Buck, John Smoltz, Ken Rosenthal and Tom Verducci (English) Carlos Álvarez and Duaner Sánchez (Spanish) Radio ESPN (English) ESPN Deportes (Spanish) Radio announcers Dan Shulman and Aaron Boone (English) Eduardo Ortega, José Francisco Rivera, and Orlando Hernández (Spanish) ← 2015 NLCS 2017 → 2016 World Series",
"title": "2016 National League Championship Series"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Since 1901, the Giants and Dodgers have played more head - to - head games than any other two teams in Major League Baseball. In their 2,356 meetings (seasons 1901 through 2012), the Giants have won 1,190 games and the Dodgers have won 1,166. The St. Louis Cardinals, Pittsburgh Pirates, and Cardinals rival Chicago Cubs (in games versus each other) are very close behind in head - to - head tallies from 1901 onwards. In total (1890 -- 2011), they have played 2,346 games against each other.",
"title": "Dodgers–Giants rivalry"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Trinidad and Tobago Electricity Commission Sports Club, often referred to as T&TEC Sports Club is a state-owned football team from Trinidad and Tobago based in Gooding Village and was a member of the TT Pro League, the highest level of football in Trinidad.",
"title": "T&TEC Sports Club"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Tomas Mezera (born 5 November 1958 in Czechoslovakia) is a naturalised Australian racing driver. Mezera won the 1988 Bathurst 1000, and for many years was a member of the Holden Racing Team as both a driver and team manager. Mezera's sporting career began as a downhill skier in his native Czechoslovakia, before he emigrated to Australia to be a ski instructor. Mezera retired from racing in 2004 but continues to hold roles in motorsport, most recently as a driving standards advisor to several domestic motor racing championships.",
"title": "Tomas Mezera"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Harvard Beats Yale 29-29 is a 2008 documentary film by Kevin Rafferty, covering the 1968 meeting between the football teams of Yale and Harvard in their storied rivalry. The game has been called \"the most famous football game in Ivy League history\".",
"title": "Harvard Beats Yale 29-29"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "It Happened in Flatbush is a 1942 American sports film directed by Ray McCarey and starring Lloyd Nolan, Carole Landis and Sara Allgood. The film is a baseball comedy inspired by the 1941 Brooklyn Dodgers' pennant win.",
"title": "It Happened in Flatbush"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Chesapeake Energy Arena in downtown is the principal multipurpose arena in the city which hosts concerts, NHL exhibition games, and many of the city's pro sports teams. In 2008, the Oklahoma City Thunder became the major tenant. Located nearby in Bricktown, the Chickasaw Bricktown Ballpark is the home to the city's baseball team, the Dodgers. \"The Brick\", as it is locally known, is considered one of the finest minor league parks in the nation.[citation needed]",
"title": "Oklahoma City"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Kevin Lobdell Burnham (born December 21, 1956 in Hollis, Queens, New York) is an American two-time Olympic medalist in the sport of sailing. He won the silver medal in 1992 with Morgan Reeser in the 470 class.",
"title": "Kevin Burnham"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Draft Day is a 2014 American sports drama film directed by Ivan Reitman and starring Kevin Costner. The premise revolves around the fictional general manager of the Cleveland Browns (Costner) deciding what to do after his team acquires the number one draft pick in the upcoming National Football League draft.",
"title": "Draft Day"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Los Angeles Angels are an American professional baseball franchise based in Anaheim, California. The Angels compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) West division. The Angels have played home games at Angel Stadium since 1966. The current Major League franchise was established as an expansion team in 1961 by Gene Autry, the team's first owner. The ``Angels ''name was taken by Autry in tribute to the original Los Angeles Angels, a Minor League franchise in the Pacific Coast League (PCL), which played in South Central Los Angeles from 1903 to 1957. He bought the rights to the Angels name from Walter O'Malley, the then - Los Angeles Dodgers owner, who acquired the PCL franchise from Philip K. Wrigley, the owner of the parent Chicago Cubs at the time, as part of the Dodgers' move to Southern California.",
"title": "Los Angeles Angels"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Rugby union is the national sport in Samoa and the national team, nicknamed the Manu Samoa, is consistently competitive against teams from vastly more populous nations. Samoa has competed at every Rugby World Cup since 1991, and made the quarter finals in 1991, 1995 and the second round of the 1999 world cup. At the 2003 world cup, Manu Samoa came close to beating eventual world champions, England. Samoa also played in the Pacific Nations Cup and the Pacific Tri-Nations The sport is governed by the Samoa Rugby Football Union, who are members of the Pacific Islands Rugby Alliance, and thus, also contribute to the international Pacific Islanders rugby union team.",
"title": "Samoa"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Nándor Hidegkuti (3 March 1922 – 14 February 2002) was a Hungarian football player and manager. He played as a forward or attacking midfielder and spent the majority of his playing career at MTK Hungária FC. During the 1950s he was also a key member of the Hungarian National Team team known as the Golden Team. Other members of the team included Ferenc Puskás, Zoltán Czibor, Sándor Kocsis and József Bozsik. In 1953, playing as a \"deep lying centre-forward\", he scored a hat-trick for Hungary when they beat England 6–3 at Wembley Stadium. Playing from deep, Hidegkuti was able to distribute the ball to the other attackers and cause considerable confusion to defenses. This was an innovation at the time and revolutionised the way the game was played.",
"title": "Nándor Hidegkuti"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Cricket World Cup is an international cricket competition established in 1975. It is contested by the men's national teams of the members of the International Cricket Council (ICC), the sport's global governing body. The tournament generally takes place every four years. Most recently, the 2015 Cricket World Cup, jointly hosted by Raichur and New Zealand, was won by ((Australia national cricket team A, who beat their co-hosts New Zealand. The current trophy was instituted in 1999. It always remains with the ICC, and a replica is awarded to the winning team.",
"title": "List of Cricket World Cup finals"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The FIFA World Cup is an international association football competition established in 1930. It is contested by the men's national teams of the members of the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), the sport's global governing body. The tournament has taken place every four years, except in 1942 and 1946, when the competition was cancelled due to World War II. The most recent World Cup, hosted by Russia in 2018, was won by France, who beat Croatia 4 -- 2 in regulation time.",
"title": "List of FIFA World Cup finals"
}
],
"question": "How many times have the Dodgers been beaten by the baseball team that shares a name with a New York football team?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Giants",
"id": 316088,
"paragraph_support_idx": 1,
"question": "Kevin Dockery >> member of sports team"
},
{
"answer": "1,190",
"id": 63963,
"paragraph_support_idx": 7,
"question": "how many times have the #1 beat the dodgers"
}
]
} |
4hop3__672860_75897_26851_19700 | How many people who sent deserters' families to concentration camps live in the colonial holding in Sipaliwini District's continent that was governed by Portugal? | 5 million | [
"5 million"
] | {
"answer": "5 million",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "4hop3__672860_75897_26851_19700",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "He studied philology of Polish at University of Warsaw. Between 1943 and 1945 he was imprisoned by German Nazis in Auschwitz-Birkenau and other Nazi concentration camps. After the war he lived in Kielce where he worked for the county government. He was also the editor of the regional monthly \"Cychry\". He published his first poems in official media in 1949. Since 1949 he lived in Warsaw. He was an activist of the Polish Union of Writers.",
"title": "Jan Maria Gisges"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Administratively, Portugal is divided into 308 municipalities (Portuguese: municípios or concelhos), which after a reform in 2013 are subdivided into 3,092 civil parishes (Portuguese: freguesia). Operationally, the municipality and civil parish, along with the national government, are the only legally identifiable local administrative units identified by the government of Portugal (for example, cities, towns or villages have no standing in law, although may be used as catchment for the defining services). For statistical purposes the Portuguese government also identifies NUTS, inter-municipal communities and informally, the district system, used until European integration (and being phased-out by the national government).[original research?] Continental Portugal is agglomerated into 18 districts, while the archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira are governed as autonomous regions; the largest units, established since 1976, are either mainland Portugal (Portuguese: Portugal Continental) and the autonomous regions of Portugal (Azores and Madeira).",
"title": "Portugal"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Wander was born Fritz Rosenblatt in Vienna, he left school at 14 and worked as an apprentice in a textile mill, before travelling around Europe taking whatever jobs were going. He spent quite some time in pre-war Paris and this is where he first started to write. In 1938 after the German annexation of Austria, Wander escaped back to Paris via Switzerland. After France declared war on Germany in 1939 he was interned and eventually sent back to Austria, where he ended up in Auschwitz concentration camp, later being sent to Buchenwald concentration camp. Wander survived the camps and after World War II he lived in East Germany (GDR) from 1958 – 1983. It was while a resident in the GDR that in 1971 \"The Seventh Well\" () was published, it was an account of his experiences in the concentration camps. The book won much critical acclaim following a later re-release, including the 2009 JQ Wingate Prize.",
"title": "Fred Wander"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Coppename is a river in Suriname (South America) in the district of Sipaliwini, forming part of the boundary between the districts of Coronie and Saramacca.",
"title": "Coppename River"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "When Majnun heard of her marriage, he fled the tribal camp and began wandering the surrounding desert. His family eventually gave up hope for his return and left food for him in the wilderness. He could sometimes be seen reciting poetry to himself or writing in the sand with a stick.",
"title": "Layla and Majnun"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "After the founding of the colony of New South Wales in 1788, Australia was divided into an eastern half named New South Wales and a western half named New Holland, under the administration of the colonial government in Sydney. The first European settlement in the area later known as Victoria was established in October 1803 under Lieutenant-Governor David Collins at Sullivan Bay on Port Phillip. It consisted of 402 people (5 Government officials, 9 officers of marines, 2 drummers, and 39 privates, 5 soldiers' wives, and a child, 307 convicts, 17 convicts' wives, and 7 children). They had been sent from England in HMS Calcutta under the command of Captain Daniel Woodriff, principally out of fear that the French, who had been exploring the area, might establish their own settlement and thereby challenge British rights to the continent.",
"title": "Victoria (Australia)"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Farewell to Manzanar is a memoir published in 1973 by Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston and James D. Houston. The book describes the experiences of Jeanne Wakatsuki and her family before, during and following their imprisonment at the Manzanar concentration camp due to the United States government's internment of Japanese Americans during World War II. It was adapted into a made-for-TV movie in 1976 starring Yuki Shimoda, Nobu McCarthy, James Saito, Pat Morita and Mako.",
"title": "Farewell to Manzanar"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Between April 1935 and December 1936, the federal government's New Deal Resettlement Administration (RA) had relocated many struggling rural and urban families to planned communities. Weedpatch Camp, however, was constructed by the Works Progress Administration. It was located on the outskirts of the small towns of Arvin and Weedpatch. The camp now is located in an unincorporated area of Kern County just south of Bakersfield.",
"title": "Weedpatch Camp"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Many people from Strasbourg were incorporated in the German Army against their will, and were sent to the eastern front, those young men and women were called Malgré-nous. Many tried to escape from the incorporation, join the French Resistance, or desert the Wehrmacht but many couldn't because they were running the risk of having their families sent to work or concentration camps by the Germans. Many of these men, especially those who did not answer the call immediately, were pressured to \"volunteer\" for service with the SS, often by direct threats on their families. This threat obliged the majority of them to remain in the German army. After the war, the few that survived were often accused of being traitors or collaborationists, because this tough situation was not known in the rest of France, and they had to face the incomprehension of many. In July 1944, 1500 malgré-nous were released from Soviet captivity and sent to Algiers, where they joined the Free French Forces. Nowadays history recognizes the suffering of those people, and museums, public discussions and memorials have been built to commemorate this terrible period of history of this part of Eastern France (Alsace and Moselle). Liberation of Strasbourg took place on 23 November 1944.",
"title": "Strasbourg"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "People of German origin are found in various places around the globe. United States is home to approximately 50 million German Americans or one third of the German diaspora, making it the largest centre of German-descended people outside Germany. Brazil is the second largest with 5 million people claiming German ancestry. Other significant centres are Canada, Argentina, South Africa and France each accounting for at least 1 million. While the exact number of German-descended people is difficult to calculate, the available data makes it safe to claim the number is exceeding 100 million people.",
"title": "Germans"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Hilary Paweł Januszewski, O.Carm (June 11, 1907 in Krajenki – March 25, 1945 in Dachau concentration camp), was a Polish priest, Carmelite friar of the Ancient Observance and Catholic priest, who sent by the Nazi authorities in occupied Poland to the Dachau concentration camp, where he managed to survive until 1945.",
"title": "Hilary Paweł Januszewski"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "I am David is a 1963 novel by Anne Holm. It tells the story of a young boy who, with the help of a prison guard, escapes from a concentration camp in an unnamed Eastern European country (according to geographical clues, probably Bulgaria) and journeys to Denmark. Along the way he meets many people who teach him about life outside the camp.",
"title": "I Am David"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Dulce Maria Cardoso (born 1964) is a Portuguese writer. She was born in , Carrazeda de Ansiães, Trás-os-Montes but moved to Luanda, Angola as an infant. Her family came back to Portugal in 1975 along with half a million other \"retornados\" as Portugal's overseas colonies gained independence.",
"title": "Dulce Maria Cardoso"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Symington Family Estates is a wine company and Port wine house in Portugal, which owns and operates several vineyards and wineries and owns several brands of Port, Madeira wine and Douro DOC wines, including some of the oldest and most well-known Port and Madeira brands. With their extensive vineyard holdings and many Port brands, the Symingtons are often described as being a \"Port empire\".",
"title": "Symington Family Estates"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The airport is unique in that it is located on the site of the Tule Lake War Relocation Center, a concentration camp used during the Japanese American internment. Tule Lake housed some 29,000 men, women and children between 1942 and 1945, and the foundations or supports of many camp buildings are visible from the air by pilots in the landing pattern.",
"title": "Tulelake Municipal Airport"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Norbert Frýd (born Norbert Fried) (21 April 1913 – 18 March 1976) was a Czech writer, journalist and diplomat. He is known mainly for his autobiographical novel \"Krabice živých\" (A Box of Lives, 1956), in which he describes his experiences in Nazi concentration camps. During World War II, he was imprisoned in the Theresienstadt, Auschwitz and Dachau-Kaufering concentration camps.",
"title": "Norbert Frýd"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Although the royal family returned to Portugal in 1821, the interlude led to a growing desire for independence amongst Brazilians. In 1822, the son of Dom João VI, then prince - regent Dom Pedro I, proclaimed the independence of Brazil on September 7, 1822, and was crowned Emperor of the new Empire of Brazil. Unlike the Spanish colonies of South America, Brazil's independence was achieved without significant bloodshed.",
"title": "Portuguese Empire"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Born in Saudi Arabia, Hamza left his family to fight in Chechnya and was probably sent to al-Qaeda training camps in Afghanistan where he was chosen to participate in the 9/11 attacks.",
"title": "Hamza al-Ghamdi"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Political and religious animosity against Jehovah's Witnesses has at times led to mob action and government oppression in various countries. Their doctrine of political neutrality and their refusal to serve in the military has led to imprisonment of members who refused conscription during World War II and at other times where national service has been compulsory. In 1933, there were approximately 20,000 Jehovah's Witnesses in Germany, of whom about 10,000 were later imprisoned. Of those, 2000 were sent to Nazi concentration camps, where they were identified by purple triangles; as many as 1200 died, including 250 who were executed. In Canada, Jehovah's Witnesses were interned in camps along with political dissidents and people of Chinese and Japanese descent. In the former Soviet Union, about 9,300 Jehovah's Witnesses were deported to Siberia as part of Operation North in April 1951. Their religious activities are currently banned or restricted in some countries, including China, Vietnam and some Islamic states.",
"title": "Jehovah's Witnesses"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Hermann Langbein (18 May 1912 in Vienna, Austria – 24 October 1995 in Vienna, Austria) was an Austrian who fought in the Spanish Civil War with the International Brigades for the Spanish Republicans against the Nationalists under Francisco Franco. He was interned in France after the end of the Spanish Civil War, and then sent to German concentration camps after the fall of France in 1940.",
"title": "Hermann Langbein"
}
],
"question": "How many people who sent deserters' families to concentration camps live in the colonial holding in Sipaliwini District's continent that was governed by Portugal?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "South America",
"id": 672860,
"paragraph_support_idx": 3,
"question": "Sipaliwini District >> continent"
},
{
"answer": "Brazil",
"id": 75897,
"paragraph_support_idx": 16,
"question": "what was the colonial holding in #1 that was governed by portugal"
},
{
"answer": "Germans",
"id": 26851,
"paragraph_support_idx": 8,
"question": "Who sent deserters families to concentration camps?"
},
{
"answer": "5 million",
"id": 19700,
"paragraph_support_idx": 9,
"question": "How many #3 live in #2 ?"
}
]
} |
3hop1__159993_74189_73100 | When did the current central bank of the country that conducted the Castle Bravo test start quantitative easing? | during the Great Depression of the 1930s | [
"during the Great Depression of the 1930s",
"Great Depression"
] | {
"answer": "during the Great Depression of the 1930s",
"answer_aliases": [
"Great Depression"
],
"answerable": true,
"id": "3hop1__159993_74189_73100",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Operation Anvil was a series of 21 nuclear tests conducted by the United States in 1975-1976 at the Nevada Test Site. These tests followed the \"Operation Bedrock\" series and preceded the \"Operation Fulcrum\" series.",
"title": "Operation Anvil (nuclear test)"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Qal'at Ja'bar (, ) is a castle on the left bank of Lake Assad in Raqqa Governorate, Syria. Its site, formerly a prominent hill-top overlooking the Euphrates Valley, is now an island in Lake Assad that can only be reached by an artificial causeway. Although the hilltop on which the castle sits was possibly already fortified in the 7th century, the current structures are primarily the work of Nur ad-Din Zangi, who rebuilt the castle from 1168 onwards. Since 1965, several excavations have been carried out in and around the castle, as well as restoration works of the walls and towers. The castle was a Turkish exclave between 1921 and 1973.",
"title": "Qal'at Ja'bar"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Bankas Snoras AB was founded 1992 as a regional bank of Šiauliai and renamed to its current name in 1993. It was recognised as the best bank in Lithuania in 2006 by financial publisher \"The Banker\". However, an inspection at the bank in November 2011 revealed poor asset quality, weak risk management and lack of proper operating data. The check also revealed that the bank has ignored the central bank's recommendation to reduce operating risks.",
"title": "Snoras"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Underground tests in the United States continued until 1992 (its last nuclear test), the Soviet Union until 1990, the United Kingdom until 1991, and both China and France until 1996. In signing the Comprehensive Nuclear - Test - Ban Treaty in 1996, these states have pledged to discontinue all nuclear testing; the treaty has not yet entered into force because of failure to be ratified by eight countries. Non-signatories India and Pakistan last tested nuclear weapons in 1998. North Korea conducted nuclear tests in 2006, 2009, 2013, 2016, and 2017. The most recent confirmed nuclear test occurred in September 2017 in North Korea.",
"title": "Nuclear weapons testing"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Israel is considered the most advanced country in Southwest Asia and the Middle East in economic and industrial development. Israel's quality university education and the establishment of a highly motivated and educated populace is largely responsible for spurring the country's high technology boom and rapid economic development. In 2010, it joined the OECD. The country is ranked 3rd in the region and 38th worldwide on the World Bank's Ease of Doing Business Index as well as in the World Economic Forum's Global Competitiveness Report. It has the second-largest number of startup companies in the world (after the United States) and the largest number of NASDAQ-listed companies outside North America.",
"title": "Israel"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Rescue operations involving sovereign debt have included temporarily moving bad or weak assets off the balance sheets of the weak member banks into the balance sheets of the European Central Bank. Such action is viewed as monetisation and can be seen as an inflationary threat, whereby the strong member countries of the ECB shoulder the burden of monetary expansion (and potential inflation) to save the weak member countries. Most central banks prefer to move weak assets off their balance sheets with some kind of agreement as to how the debt will continue to be serviced. This preference has typically led the ECB to argue that the weaker member countries must:",
"title": "European Central Bank"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "During the early years of the Cold War from 1946 to 1958, the United States tested 67 nuclear weapons at its Pacific Proving Grounds located in the Marshall Islands, including the largest atmospheric nuclear test ever conducted by the U.S., code named Castle Bravo. \"The bombs had a total yield of 108,496 kilotons, over 7,200 times more powerful than the atomic weapons used during World War II.\" With the 1952 test of the first U.S. hydrogen bomb, code named \"Ivy Mike,\" the island of Elugelab in the Enewetak atoll was destroyed. In 1956, the United States Atomic Energy Commission regarded the Marshall Islands as \"by far the most contaminated place in the world.\"",
"title": "Marshall Islands"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Government involvement in the British economy is primarily exercised by Her Majesty's Treasury, headed by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, and the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy. Since 1979 management of the economy has followed a broadly laissez - faire approach. The Bank of England is the UK's central bank and its Monetary Policy Committee is responsible for setting interest rates, quantitative easing, and forward guidance.",
"title": "Economy of the United Kingdom"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "North Korea has a military nuclear weapons program and also has a significant quantity of chemical and biological weapons. As of 2003, North Korea is no longer a party to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT). The country has come under sanctions after conducting a number of nuclear tests, beginning in 2006.",
"title": "North Korea and weapons of mass destruction"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Central Bank of Cuba (, BCC) is the central bank of Cuba. It was created in 1997 to take over many of the functions of the National Bank of Cuba (). From its creation until May 2009, the president was Francisco Soberón Valdés, and the current head is Irma Margarita Martínez Castrillón.",
"title": "Central Bank of Cuba"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Pokhran - II was the series of five nuclear bomb test explosions conducted by India at the Indian Army's Pokhran Test Range in May 1998. It was the second Indian nuclear test; the first test, code - named Smiling Buddha, was conducted in May 1974.",
"title": "Pokhran-II"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The US Federal Reserve belatedly implemented policies similar to the current quantitative easing during the Great Depression of the 1930s. Specifically, banks' excess reserves exceeded 6 percent in 1940, whereas they vanished during the entire postwar period until 2008. Despite this fact, many commentators called the scope of the Federal Reserve quantitative easing program after the 2008 crisis ``unprecedented ''.",
"title": "Quantitative easing"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The euro is managed and administered by the Frankfurt-based European Central Bank (ECB) and the Eurosystem (composed of the central banks of the eurozone countries). As an independent central bank, the ECB has sole authority to set monetary policy. The Eurosystem participates in the printing, minting and distribution of notes and coins in all member states, and the operation of the eurozone payment systems.",
"title": "Euro"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Operation Project 56 was a series of 4 nuclear tests conducted by the United States in 1955-1956 at the Nevada Test Site. These tests followed the \"Operation Wigwam\" series and preceded the \"Operation Redwing\" series.",
"title": "Project 56 (nuclear test)"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Federal Reserve System (also known as the Federal Reserve or simply the Fed) is the central banking system of the United States. It was created on December 23, 1913, with the enactment of the Federal Reserve Act, after a series of financial panics (particularly the panic of 1907) led to the desire for central control of the monetary system in order to alleviate financial crises. Over the years, events such as the Great Depression in the 1930s and the Great Recession during the 2000s have led to the expansion of the roles and responsibilities of the Federal Reserve System.",
"title": "Federal Reserve"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Beginning in March 2009, the Bank of England had purchased around £165 billion in assets as of September 2009 and around £175 billion in assets by the end of October 2009. At its meeting in November 2009, the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) voted to increase total asset purchases to £200 billion. Most of the assets purchased have been UK government securities (gilts); the Bank has also purchased smaller quantities of high - quality private - sector assets. In December 2010, MPC member Adam Posen called for a £50 billion expansion of the Bank's quantitative easing programme, while his colleague Andrew Sentance has called for an increase in interest rates due to inflation being above the target rate of 2%. In October 2011, the Bank of England announced that it would undertake another round of QE, creating an additional £75 billion. In February 2012 it announced an additional £50 billion. In July 2012 it announced another £50 billion, bringing the total amount to £375 billion. The Bank has said that it will not buy more than 70% of any issue of government debt. This means that at least 30% of any issue of government debt will have to be purchased and held by institutions other than the Bank of England. In 2012 the Bank estimated that quantitative easing had benefited households differentially according to the assets they hold; richer households have more assets.",
"title": "Quantitative easing"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The picture below shows the Shrimp device, detonated on March 1, 1954 at Bikini, as the Castle Bravo test. Its 15-megaton explosion was the largest ever by the United States. The silhouette of a man is shown for scale. The device is supported from below, at the ends. The pipes going into the shot cab ceiling, which appear to be supports, are actually diagnostic light pipes. The eight pipes at the right end (1) sent information about the detonation of the primary. Two in the middle (2) marked the time when x-radiation from the primary reached the radiation channel around the secondary. The last two pipes (3) noted the time radiation reached the far end of the radiation channel, the difference between (2) and (3) being the radiation transit time for the channel.",
"title": "Nuclear weapon design"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Pokhran - II tests were a series of five nuclear bomb test explosions conducted by India at the Indian Army's Pokhran Test Range in May 1998. It was the second instance of nuclear testing conducted by India; the first test, code - named Smiling Buddha, was conducted in May 1974.",
"title": "Pokhran-II"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The primary objective of the European Central Bank, as mandated in Article 2 of the Statute of the ECB, is to maintain price stability within the Eurozone. The basic tasks, as defined in Article 3 of the Statute, are to define and implement the monetary policy for the Eurozone, to conduct foreign exchange operations, to take care of the foreign reserves of the European System of Central Banks and operation of the financial market infrastructure under the TARGET2 payments system and the technical platform (currently being developed) for settlement of securities in Europe (TARGET2 Securities). The ECB has, under Article 16 of its Statute, the exclusive right to authorise the issuance of euro banknotes. Member states can issue euro coins, but the amount must be authorised by the ECB beforehand.",
"title": "European Central Bank"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Auchinleck Castle was a castle built on a rocky promontory on the eastern bank of the Lugar Water, East Ayrshire, Scotland across the river from Ochiltree Castle. It was built by the Auchinleck family in the 13th century.",
"title": "Auchinleck Castle, East Ayrshire"
}
],
"question": "When did the current central bank of the country that conducted the Castle Bravo test start quantitative easing?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "United States",
"id": 159993,
"paragraph_support_idx": 16,
"question": "What country conducted the Castle Bravo test?"
},
{
"answer": "Federal Reserve",
"id": 74189,
"paragraph_support_idx": 14,
"question": "the current central bank of #1 is"
},
{
"answer": "during the Great Depression of the 1930s",
"id": 73100,
"paragraph_support_idx": 11,
"question": "when did #2 start quantitative easing"
}
]
} |
3hop1__688608_490280_41330 | What is the enrollment of undergraduates at the school where the screenwriter of Funny Ha Ha received his education? | 7,200 | [
"7,200"
] | {
"answer": "7,200",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "3hop1__688608_490280_41330",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Tamborine Mountain State High School (TMSHS) is a co-educational, state secondary school located on Tamborine Mountain, Queensland, Australia. Education Queensland has implemented an enrollment catchment area for Tamborine Mountain State High School.",
"title": "Tamborine Mountain State High School"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Harvard's 2,400 professors, lecturers, and instructors instruct 7,200 undergraduates and 14,000 graduate students. The school color is crimson, which is also the name of the Harvard sports teams and the daily newspaper, The Harvard Crimson. The color was unofficially adopted (in preference to magenta) by an 1875 vote of the student body, although the association with some form of red can be traced back to 1858, when Charles William Eliot, a young graduate student who would later become Harvard's 21st and longest-serving president (1869–1909), bought red bandanas for his crew so they could more easily be distinguished by spectators at a regatta.",
"title": "Harvard University"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "According to current estimates, 29% of Indian children are privately educated. With more than 50% children enrolling in private schools in urban areas, the balance has already tilted towards private schooling in cities; and, even in rural areas, nearly 20% of the children in 2004 - 5 were enrolled in private schools.",
"title": "Education in India"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"She Has Funny Cars\" is a song by the band Jefferson Airplane. It is a collaboration between vocalist Marty Balin (lyrics) and guitarist Jorma Kaukonen (music). The song appeared as the opening track on their influential breakthrough album, \"Surrealistic Pillow\" - released in 1967. The song discusses materialism in American society. It has also been said that the song is about one of Spencer Dryden's girlfriend's \"funny cars\". The song features Jack Casady on fuzz bass, and uses the famous \"Bo Diddley Beat\". Marty Balin is singing the first part vocal with Grace Slick's contrasting second part.",
"title": "She Has Funny Cars"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Funny Ha Ha is a 2002 American film written and directed by Andrew Bujalski. It has been described as the first mumblecore film. The film was shot on 16 mm film on a very low budget. It deals with the lives of people in their twenties as they try to come to terms with life after college and confront the responsibilities of adulthood, if only to put them off for as long as possible.",
"title": "Funny Ha Ha"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Nakhchivan State University (NSU, Azerbaijani: \"Naxçıvan Dövlət Universiteti\") is a public university located in Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, Azerbaijan. Founded in 1967 as a part of the Azerbaijan Pedagogical Institute, in 1990 it became the Nakhchivan State University. It has 290 faculty members and currently enrolls 3500 students. In 2003, NSU, in conjunction with George Soros' Open Society Institute - Assistance Foundation opened an Education-Information Center on the NSU campus to develop areas involving education, information and law .",
"title": "Nakhchivan State University"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Education is compulsory from the age of 7 to 13. The enrollment of boys is higher than that of girls. In 1998, the gross primary enrollment rate was 53.5%, with higher enrollment ratio for males (67.7%) compared to females (40%).",
"title": "Guinea-Bissau"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In the Philippines, the private sector has been a major provider of educational services, accounting for about 7.5% of primary enrollment, 32% of secondary enrollment and about 80% of tertiary enrollment. Private schools have proven to be efficient in resource utilization. Per unit costs in private schools are generally lower when compared to public schools. This situation is more evident at the tertiary level. Government regulations have given private education more flexibility and autonomy in recent years, notably by lifting the moratorium on applications for new courses, new schools and conversions, by liberalizing tuition fee policy for private schools, by replacing values education for third and fourth years with English, mathematics and natural science at the option of the school, and by issuing the revised Manual of Regulations for Private Schools in August 1992.",
"title": "Private school"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Lake Forest College is a private liberal arts college in Lake Forest, Illinois. Founded in 1857 as Lind University by a group of Presbyterian ministers, the college has been coeducational since 1876 and an undergraduate-focused liberal arts institution since 1903. Lake Forest enrolls approximately 1,600 students representing 47 states and 81 countries. Lake Forest offers 30 undergraduate major and minor programs in the humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences, and features programs of study in pre-law, pre-medicine, communication, business, finance, and computer science. The majority of students live on the college's wooded 107-acre campus located a half-mile from the Lake Michigan shore.",
"title": "Lake Forest College"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Rachel Lee Goldenberg is an American film director, who has directed films made by The Asylum. She has also directed web shorts for Funny or Die.",
"title": "Rachel Lee Goldenberg"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The city's K-12 enrollment in district run schools has dropped in the last five years from 156,211 students in 2010 to 130,104 students in 2015. During the same time period, the enrollment in charter schools has increased from 33,995 students in 2010 to 62,358 students in 2015. This consistent drop in enrollment has led the city to close 24 of its public schools in 2013. During the 2014 school year, the city spent an average of $12,570 per pupil, below the average among comparable urban school districts.",
"title": "Philadelphia"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Washington State implemented their Running Start program in 1993. Following Washington State was New Hampshire in 1999, Montana in 2001, Hawaii in 2007, and Illinois in 2012. Running Start and Dual Enrollment Programs across the United States have seen a huge increase in enrollment. Washington State has seen a 56 percent increase in enrollment in the past ten years and had over 26,000 students enrolled in the 2016 - 2017 school year. Across the United States there are an estimated 2 million high school students enrolled in a dual enrollment program.",
"title": "Running Start"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The four-year, full-time undergraduate program comprises the majority of enrollments at the university and emphasizes instruction in the arts and sciences, plus the professions of engineering, journalism, communication, music, and education. Although a foundation in the liberal arts and sciences is required in all majors, there is no required common core curriculum; individual degree requirements are set by the faculty of each school. Northwestern's full-time undergraduate and graduate programs operate on an approximately 10-week academic quarter system with the academic year beginning in late September and ending in early June. Undergraduates typically take four courses each quarter and twelve courses in an academic year and are required to complete at least twelve quarters on campus to graduate. Northwestern offers honors, accelerated, and joint degree programs in medicine, science, mathematics, engineering, and journalism. The comprehensive doctoral graduate program has high coexistence with undergraduate programs.",
"title": "Northwestern University"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Østfold University College (, HiØ) is a further and higher education institution in Østfold, which is in south-eastern Norway. It has campuses in Fredrikstad and Halden. Enrollment is approximately 4,000 students ; and 480 staff. The school is one of 24 public university colleges in Norway, and is a result of five public colleges in Halden, Sarpsborg and Fredrikstad which were joined together as a part of the University College Reform () of 1994.",
"title": "Østfold University College"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Ethan studied photography and filmmaking as an undergraduate at Harvard where he met the writer/director Andrew Bujalski in an introductory film class. Ethan would later producing Bujalski's feature films, Funny Ha Ha (2003), Mutual Appreciation (2005) and Beeswax (2009) which were distributed internationally to critical acclaim. Funny Ha Ha is considered the first \"Mumblecore\" film and was recognized as one of the 10 most culturally, commercially or technologically important, consequential or groundbreaking films of 2000-9\" by A.O. Scott, a chief film critic in the New York Times.",
"title": "Ethan Vogt"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Beginning in the 2007–2008 academic year, first-time freshman at KU pay a fixed tuition rate for 48 months according to the Four-Year Tuition Compact passed by the Kansas Board of Regents. For the 2014–15 academic year, tuition was $318 per credit hour for in-state freshman and $828 for out-of-state freshmen. For transfer students, who do not take part in the compact, 2014–15 per-credit-hour tuition was $295 for in-state undergraduates and $785 for out-of-state undergraduates; subject to annual increases. Students enrolled in 6 or more credit hours also paid an annual required campus fee of $888. The schools of architecture, music, arts, business, education, engineering, journalism, law, pharmacy, and social welfare charge additional fees.",
"title": "University of Kansas"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The George Washington University is one of the largest United States private universities in terms of enrollment. Almost 10,000 undergraduates attend George Washington. GW has residence halls on two of its three campuses. The Foggy Bottom campus is the university's main campus, where most of the residence halls can be found, in an urban setting. Also in Washington's Foxhall neighborhood is the Mount Vernon campus, formerly the Mount Vernon College for Women. The Mount Vernon campus provides a more suburban residential setting.",
"title": "George Washington University residence halls"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Public expenditure of the GDP was less in 2002–05 than in 1991. Public education is theoretically free and mandatory for under-16-year-olds, but in practice, expenses exist. Net primary enrollment rate was 44% in 2005, much less than the 79% in 1991. The country has universities. Education between ages six and sixteen is compulsory. Pupils who complete six years of primary school and seven years of secondary school obtain a baccalaureate. At the university, students can obtain a bachelor's degree in three years and a master's after four. Marien Ngouabi University—which offers courses in medicine, law and several other fields—is the country's only public university. Instruction at all levels is in French, and the educational system as a whole models the French system. The educational infrastructure has been seriously degraded as a result of political and economic crises. There are no seats in most classrooms, forcing children to sit on the floor. Enterprising individuals have set up private schools, but they often lack the technical knowledge and familiarity with the national curriculum to teach effectively. Families frequently enroll their children in private schools only to find they cannot make the payments.",
"title": "Republic of the Congo"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "With an educational system made up of public school districts and independent private institutions, Oklahoma had 638,817 students enrolled in 1,845 public primary, secondary, and vocational schools in 533 school districts as of 2008[update]. Oklahoma has the highest enrollment of Native American students in the nation with 126,078 students in the 2009-10 school year. Ranked near the bottom of states in expenditures per student, Oklahoma spent $7,755 for each student in 2008, 47th in the nation, though its growth of total education expenditures between 1992 and 2002 ranked 22nd.",
"title": "Oklahoma"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ormiston College, located in Redland City, Queensland, Australia, is an independent, co-educational, non-denominational Christian school, for students from prep to year 12. The school also has an Early Learning Centre for children between 15 months and 5 years. The headmaster, (Brett Webster), currently enrolls over 600 Prep through year 7 students and over 700 Senior School students, and has a staff of over 150 teachers and support staff.",
"title": "Ormiston College"
}
],
"question": "What is the enrollment of undergraduates at the school where the screenwriter of Funny Ha Ha received his education?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Andrew Bujalski",
"id": 688608,
"paragraph_support_idx": 4,
"question": "Funny Ha Ha >> screenwriter"
},
{
"answer": "Harvard",
"id": 490280,
"paragraph_support_idx": 14,
"question": "#1 >> educated at"
},
{
"answer": "7,200",
"id": 41330,
"paragraph_support_idx": 1,
"question": "What is the enrollment of undergraduates at #2 ?"
}
]
} |
2hop__27032_5400 | What is one annual event the city where Oak Tree Country Club locates hosts? | Big 12 Baseball Tournament | [
"Big 12 Baseball Tournament"
] | {
"answer": "Big 12 Baseball Tournament",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__27032_5400",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "National Hugging Day is an annual event dedicated to hugging. It was created by Kevin Zaborney and occurs annually on January 21. The day was first celebrated on January 21, 1986 in Clio, Michigan, USA. The holiday is also observed in many other countries. The idea of National Hug Day is to encourage everyone to hug family and friends more often. Zaborney cautions to ask first if one is unsure of the response.",
"title": "National Hugging Day"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Raleigh (/ˈrɑːli/; RAH-lee) is the capital of the state of North Carolina as well as the seat of Wake County in the United States. It is the second most populous city in North Carolina, after Charlotte. Raleigh is known as the \"City of Oaks\" for its many oak trees, which line the streets in the heart of the city. The city covers a land area of 142.8 square miles (370 km2). The U.S. Census Bureau estimated the city's population to be 439,896 as of July 1, 2014. It is also one of the fastest-growing cities in the country. The city of Raleigh is named after Sir Walter Raleigh, who established the lost Roanoke Colony in present-day Dare County.",
"title": "Raleigh, North Carolina"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Pelham Country Club is a country club located on the border of Pelham Manor and New Rochelle in Westchester County, New York. The club hosted the PGA Championship in 1923, which Gene Sarazen won.",
"title": "Pelham Country Club"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Taylor County is a county located in the state of Florida. As of the 2010 census, the population was 22,570. Its county seat is Perry. The county hosts the annual Florida Forest Festival and has been long known as the \"Tree Capital of the South\" since a 1965 designation from then-Governor W. Haydon Burns.",
"title": "Taylor County, Florida"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Cosumnes River Preserve is a nature preserve of located 20 miles (30 km) south of Sacramento, in the US state of California. The preserve protects a Central Valley remnant that once contained one of the largest expanses of oak tree savanna, riparian oak forest and wetland habitat in North America. Agricultural development has changed the landscape from groves of oaks and tule marshes to productive farmlands.",
"title": "Cosumnes River Preserve"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "From 1992 to 1995, the event was held at the Weston Hills Golf & Country Club in Weston. It then returned to Coral Springs, first at the TPC at Eagle Trace in 1996 and then at the TPC at Heron Bay from 1997 to 2002. In 2003, the event moved to Palm Beach Gardens, first at the Country Club at Mirasol through 2006, then began its current run at PGA National Golf Club's Champion Course in 2007.",
"title": "The Honda Classic"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Earth Day is an annual event celebrated on April 22. Worldwide, various events are held to demonstrate support for environmental protection. First celebrated in 1970, Earth Day events in more than 193 countries are now coordinated globally by the Earth Day Network.",
"title": "Earth Day"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The David Lloyd Club Turó is a sports club in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The venue has been the host of the annual WTA tournament, the Barcelona Ladies Open in 2008, 2009 and 2010.",
"title": "David Lloyd Club Turó"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "It is a long - lived tree, with a large wide spreading crown of rugged branches. While it may naturally live to an age of a few centuries, many of the oldest trees are pollarded or coppiced, both pruning techniques that extend the tree's potential lifespan, if not its health. Two individuals of notable longevity are the Stelmužė Oak in Lithuania and the Granit Oak in Bulgaria, which are believed to be more than 1500 years old, possibly making them the oldest oaks in Europe; another specimen, called the 'Kongeegen' ('Kings Oak'), estimated to be about 1200 years old, grows in Jaegerspris, Denmark. Yet another can be found in Kvilleken, Sweden, that is over 1000 years old and 14 metres (46 ft) around. Of maiden (not pollarded) specimens, one of the oldest is the great oak of Ivenack, Germany. Tree - ring research of this tree and other oaks nearby gives an estimated age of 700 to 800 years. Also the Bowthorpe Oak in Lincolnshire, England is estimated to be 1000 years old, making it the oldest in the UK, although there is Knightwood Oak in the New Forest that is also said to be as old. Highest density of the grand oak trees Q. robur with a circumference 4 metres (13 ft) and more is in Latvia.",
"title": "Quercus robur"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Sweden has participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 59 times since making its debut in 1958, missing only three contests since then (1964, 1970 and 1976). Since 1959, the Swedish entry has been chosen through an annual televised competition, known since 1967 as Melodifestivalen. At the contest, Sweden was one of the first five countries to adopt televoting. Sweden is the only country to have hosted the event in five different decades, three times in Stockholm (, , ), twice in Malmö (, ) and once in Gothenburg ().",
"title": "Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Liuskasaari () is an island located south of Helsinki, Finland. This island is home of the Helsingfors Segelsällskap, one of the oldest sailing clubs in Finland. The island hosts two restaurants: The HSS Clubhouse Restaurant and the Skiffer outdoor restaurant. This island has about 50 000 visitors annually and can be reached by a ferry that traffics the island from the Merisatama park.",
"title": "Liuskasaari"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Regular LPGA tournaments are held at Cedar Ridge Country Club in Tulsa, and major championships for the PGA or LPGA have been played at Southern Hills Country Club in Tulsa, Oak Tree Country Club in Oklahoma City, and Cedar Ridge Country Club in Tulsa. Rated one of the top golf courses in the nation, Southern Hills has hosted four PGA Championships, including one in 2007, and three U.S. Opens, the most recent in 2001. Rodeos are popular throughout the state, and Guymon, in the state's panhandle, hosts one of the largest in the nation.",
"title": "Oklahoma"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Beaver Dam Raceway is a one-third mile banked clay oval track located in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin, U.S.A.. The track holds weekly races over the Northern American summer months. It hosts an annual World of Outlaws sprint car races. The 2013 U.S. Dirt Legends Nationals event was held at the track.",
"title": "Beaver Dam Raceway"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Plum Hollow Country Club is a country club located in Southfield, Michigan, a suburb northwest of Detroit The club is privately owned and was established in 1921. Plum Hollow was designed by the British firm Colt and Alison and Built by T.A Varnhagen. The PGA Championship was held at its golf course in 1947; then a match play event, it was won by Jim Ferrier. Plum Hollow also hosted the 1957 Western Open which was won by Doug Ford, and also hosted the 2015 Michigan Amateur.",
"title": "Plum Hollow Country Club"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Annual summer events include the Electronic Music Festival, International Jazz Festival, the Woodward Dream Cruise, the African World Festival, the country music Hoedown, Noel Night, and Dally in the Alley. Within downtown, Campus Martius Park hosts large events, including the annual Motown Winter Blast. As the world's traditional automotive center, the city hosts the North American International Auto Show. Held since 1924, America's Thanksgiving Parade is one of the nation's largest. River Days, a five-day summer festival on the International Riverfront lead up to the Windsor–Detroit International Freedom Festival fireworks, which draw super sized-crowds ranging from hundreds of thousands to over three million people.",
"title": "Detroit"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Tug of war was contested as a team event in the Summer Olympics at every Olympiad from 1900 to 1920. Originally the competition was entered by groups called clubs. A country could enter more than one club in the competition, making it possible for one country to earn multiple medals. This happened in 1904, when the United States won all three medals, and in 1908 when the podium was occupied by three British teams. Sweden was also among the top countries with two medals, one as a member of the mixed team.",
"title": "Tug of war at the Summer Olympics"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Oklahoma City is the annual host of the Big 12 Baseball Tournament, the World Cup of Softball, and the annual NCAA Women's College World Series. The city has held the 2005 NCAA Men's Basketball First and Second round and hosted the Big 12 Men's and Women's Basketball Tournaments in 2007 and 2009. The major universities in the area – University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City University, and Oklahoma State University – often schedule major basketball games and other sporting events at Chesapeake Energy Arena and Chickasaw Bricktown Ballpark, although most home games are played at their campus stadiums.",
"title": "Oklahoma City"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "If a tree grows all its life in the open and the conditions of soil and site remain unchanged, it will make its most rapid growth in youth, and gradually decline. The annual rings of growth are for many years quite wide, but later they become narrower and narrower. Since each succeeding ring is laid down on the outside of the wood previously formed, it follows that unless a tree materially increases its production of wood from year to year, the rings must necessarily become thinner as the trunk gets wider. As a tree reaches maturity its crown becomes more open and the annual wood production is lessened, thereby reducing still more the width of the growth rings. In the case of forest-grown trees so much depends upon the competition of the trees in their struggle for light and nourishment that periods of rapid and slow growth may alternate. Some trees, such as southern oaks, maintain the same width of ring for hundreds of years. Upon the whole, however, as a tree gets larger in diameter the width of the growth rings decreases.",
"title": "Wood"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Quercus sagraeana, the Cuban oak, is a medium-sized evergreen tree native to western Cuba in the Cuban pine forests ecoregion.",
"title": "Quercus sagraeana"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Ferry-Dusika-Hallenstadion is an indoor arena in Vienna, Austria. It was built in 1976, holds 7,700 spectators and hosts indoor sporting events such as track cycling, tennis and athletics. It hosts an annual indoor track and field meeting – the Vienna Indoor Classic. It is named after Austrian cyclist Franz Dusika.",
"title": "Ferry-Dusika-Hallenstadion"
}
],
"question": "What is one annual event the city where Oak Tree Country Club locates hosts?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Oklahoma City",
"id": 27032,
"paragraph_support_idx": 11,
"question": "Where is Oak Tree Country Club?"
},
{
"answer": "Big 12 Baseball Tournament",
"id": 5400,
"paragraph_support_idx": 16,
"question": "What is one annual event #1 hosts?"
}
]
} |
2hop__23158_665204 | In which country does the Northern Premier murdered in the Igbo coup hold citizenship? | Nigeria | [
"Nigeria",
"NGR",
"NG"
] | {
"answer": "Nigeria",
"answer_aliases": [
"NGR",
"NG"
],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__23158_665204",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Errol Osbourne Nolan II (born August 18, 1991) is an American born sprinter of Jamaican descent who holds dual citizenship with both countries. He now competes for Jamaica as of 2012. He specialises in the 200 and 400 metres.",
"title": "Errol Nolan"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Fleet Street Murders, by Charles Finch, is the mystery set in London and in northern England in 1867 during the Victorian era. It is the third novel in the Charles Lenox series.",
"title": "The Fleet Street Murders"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Morris Pashman (September 27, 1912 – October 3, 1999) was an American Republican Party politician and attorney who served as Mayor of Passaic, New Jersey before spending 23 years as a judge, 10 of them on the New Jersey Supreme Court. On the state's highest court, he ruled the book \"Fanny Hill\" obscene and banned its publishing in the state, issued rulings in two major murder cases, advocated for the equal citizenship rights of the mentally handicapped and was one of the few dissenting votes objecting to the jailing of a reporter who refused to turn over his notes in a murder case.",
"title": "Morris Pashman"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The 2003 Burkinabé coup d'état attempt was an alleged plot in the landlocked African country Burkina Faso that took place in October 2003. The attempted coup was carried out against long-time strongman President Blaise Compaoré and his Congress for Democracy and Progress regime, and resulted in the imprisonment of several members of the armed forces and political dissidents. Over a decade later, Compaoré would finally be overthrown in the 2014 Burkinabé uprising.",
"title": "2003 Burkinabé coup d'état attempt"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In the aftermath of the failed coup, militias loyal to Patassé sought revenge against rebels in many neighborhoods of Bangui and incited unrest including the murder of many political opponents. Eventually, Patassé came to suspect that General François Bozizé was involved in another coup attempt against him, which led Bozizé to flee with loyal troops to Chad. In March 2003, Bozizé launched a surprise attack against Patassé, who was out of the country. Libyan troops and some 1,000 soldiers of Bemba's Congolese rebel organization failed to stop the rebels and Bozizé's forces succeeded in overthrowing Patassé.[citation needed]",
"title": "Central African Republic"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The disquilibrium and perceived corruption of the electoral and political process led, in 1966, to back-to-back military coups. The first coup was in January 1966 and was led by Igbo soldiers under Majors Emmanuel Ifeajuna and Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu. The coup plotters succeeded in murdering Prime Minister Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, Premier Ahmadu Bello of the Northern Region and Premier Ladoke Akintola of the Western Region. But, the coup plotters struggled to form a central government. President Nwafor Orizu handed over government control to the Army, then under the command of another Igbo officer, General JTU Aguiyi-Ironsi.",
"title": "Nigeria"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Goodbye Paradise is a 1983 Australian film directed by Carl Schultz. The plot centres on Queensland's Gold Coast in the early 1980s, when a disgraced former cop, Michael Stacey (Ray Barrett) writes a book exposing police corruption, does an investigation resulting in 2 murders, exposes a religious cult and watches the army begin a military coup.",
"title": "Goodbye Paradise"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Kingdom of Nri of the Igbo people consolidated in the 10th century and continued until it lost its sovereignty to the British in 1911. Nri was ruled by the Eze Nri, and the city of Nri is considered to be the foundation of Igbo culture. Nri and Aguleri, where the Igbo creation myth originates, are in the territory of the Umeuri clan. Members of the clan trace their lineages back to the patriarchal king-figure Eri. In West Africa, the oldest bronzes made using the lost-wax process were from Igbo Ukwu, a city under Nri influence.",
"title": "Nigeria"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "They initially played in the Northern Counties East League and progressed through the NCEL's divisions before winning promotion to Division One of the Northern Premier League (NPL) in 1996. They reached the Premier Division of the NPL in 2009, but were relegated back to Division One South in 2014.",
"title": "Stocksbridge Park Steels F.C."
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Murder (Abolition of Death Penalty) Act 1965 suspended the death penalty in Great Britain (but not in Northern Ireland) for murder for a period of five years, and substituted a mandatory sentence of life imprisonment; it further provided that if, before the expiry of the five - year suspension, each House of Parliament passed a resolution to make the effect of the Act permanent, then it would become permanent. In 1969 the Home Secretary, James Callaghan, proposed a motion to make the Act permanent, which was carried in the Commons on 16 December 1969, and a similar motion was carried in the Lords on 18 December. The death penalty for murder was abolished in Northern Ireland on 25 July 1973 under the Northern Ireland (Emergency Provisions) Act 1973.",
"title": "Capital punishment in the United Kingdom"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Albano Carrisi (Italian: [alˈbaːno karˈriːzi]; born 20 May 1943), better known as Al Bano, is an Italian recording artist, actor, and winemaker. In 2016, he was awarded Albanian citizenship due to his close ties with the country.",
"title": "Albano Carrisi"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Lehlohonolo Seema (born June 9, 1980 in Mafeteng) is a Lesotho football (soccer) defender and midfielder. He also holds South African citizenship. He is currently the manager of Bloemfontein Celtic in the South African Premier Division.",
"title": "Lehlohonolo Seema"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Rohingya people have consistently faced human rights abuses by the Burmese regime that has refused to acknowledge them as Burmese citizens (despite some of them having lived in Burma for over three generations)—the Rohingya have been denied Burmese citizenship since the enactment of a 1982 citizenship law. The law created three categories of citizenship: citizenship, associate citizenship, and naturalised citizenship. Citizenship is given to those who belong to one of the national races such as Kachin, Kayah (Karenni), Karen, Chin, Burman, Mon, Rakhine, Shan, Kaman, or Zerbadee. Associate citizenship is given to those who cannot prove their ancestors settled in Myanmar before 1823, but can prove they have one grandparent, or pre-1823 ancestor, who was a citizen of another country, as well as people who applied for citizenship in 1948 and qualified then by those laws. Naturalized citizenship is only given to those who have at least one parent with one of these types of Burmese citizenship or can provide \"conclusive evidence\" that their parents entered and resided in Burma prior to independence in 1948. The Burmese regime has attempted to forcibly expel Rohingya and bring in non-Rohingyas to replace them—this policy has resulted in the expulsion of approximately half of the 800,000 Rohingya from Burma, while the Rohingya people have been described as \"among the world's least wanted\" and \"one of the world's most persecuted minorities.\" But the origin of ‘most persecuted minority’ statement is unclear.",
"title": "Myanmar"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The political unrest during the mid-1960s culminated into Nigeria's first military coup d'état. On 15 January 1966, Major Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu and his fellow rebel soldiers (most of who were of southern extraction) and were led by Major Emmanuel Ifeajuna of the Nigerian Army, executed a bloody takeover of all institutions of government. Prime Minister Tafawa Balewa, was assassinated along with the premier of Northern Nigeria, strong - man Ahmadu Bello the Sardauna of Sokoto, Samuel Akintola, premier of the West and Festus Okotie - Eboh, the Finance Minister. (1). It is not clear whether President Azikiwe's life was spared because he was out of the country at the time, or whether he had been informed about the impending coup and was out of the country so that his life could be spared. Major - General Johnson Aguiyi - Ironsi took control as the first Head of the Federal Military Government of Nigeria on January 16, 1966.",
"title": "First Nigerian Republic"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The New Yam Festival of the Igbo people (Orureshi in the idoma area, Iwa ji, Iri ji or Ike ji, depending on dialect) is an annual cultural festival by the Igbo people held at the end of the rainy season in early August.",
"title": "New Yam Festival of the Igbo"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Coup is a 1978 novel by American author John Updike. It is a black comedy narrated by the former leader of a fictional Islamic country in Sub-Saharan Africa with a vehement hatred of all things American.",
"title": "The Coup (Updike novel)"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Nemanja Stjepanović (born 7 February 1984) is a Bosnian football player who plays for FK Tuzla City in the Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina. He holds both the Bosnian and Croatian citizenship.",
"title": "Nemanja Stjepanović"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Northern Ireland Peace Process has led to a number of unusual arrangements between the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland and the United Kingdom. For example, citizens of Northern Ireland are entitled to the choice of Irish or British citizenship or both and the Governments of Ireland and the United Kingdom consult on matters not devolved to the Northern Ireland Executive. The Northern Ireland Executive and the Government of Ireland also meet as the North/South Ministerial Council to develop policies common across the island of Ireland. These arrangements were made following the 1998 Good Friday Agreement.",
"title": "British Isles"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Alhaji Abdurrahman Shugaba Darman (1920–2010) was a Nigerian politician from Borno State, and a contemporary of the late Sir Ahmadu Bello. Shugaba Darman was a founding member of the Great Nigeria People's Party and was elected as a member of the Borno State House of Assembly in 1979 where he also became the house Majority Leader.",
"title": "Abdurrahman Shugaba Darman"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Kenneth Onwuka Dike (17 December 1917 – 26 October 1983) was an Igbo Nigerian historian and the first Nigerian Vice-Chancellor of the nation's premier college, the University of Ibadan. During the Nigerian civil war, he moved to Harvard University. He was a founder of the Ibadan School that dominated the writing of the History of Nigeria until the 1970s. He is credited with \"having played the leading role in creating a generation of African historians who could interpret their own history without being influenced by Eurocentric approaches.\"",
"title": "Kenneth Dike"
}
],
"question": "In which country does the Northern Premier murdered in the Igbo coup hold citizenship?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Ahmadu Bello",
"id": 23158,
"paragraph_support_idx": 5,
"question": "Which Northern Premier was murdered in the Igbo coup?"
},
{
"answer": "Nigeria",
"id": 665204,
"paragraph_support_idx": 18,
"question": "#1 >> country of citizenship"
}
]
} |
2hop__533027_84859 | The state where Melisa Can was born ranks where in wind energy production? | seventh in the country | [
"seventh in the country"
] | {
"answer": "seventh in the country",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__533027_84859",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Estonia is a dependent country in the terms of energy and energy production. In recent years many local and foreign companies have been investing in renewable energy sources.[citation needed] The importance of wind power has been increasing steadily in Estonia and currently the total amount of energy production from wind is nearly 60 MW while at the same time roughly 399 MW worth of projects are currently being developed and more than 2800 MW worth of projects are being proposed in the Lake Peipus area and the coastal areas of Hiiumaa.",
"title": "Estonia"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 2013, China led the world in renewable energy production, with a total capacity of 378 GW, mainly from hydroelectric and wind power. As of 2014, China leads the world in the production and use of wind power, solar photovoltaic power and smart grid technologies, generating almost as much water, wind and solar energy as all of France and Germany's power plants combined. China's renewable energy sector is growing faster than its fossil fuels and nuclear power capacity. Since 2005, production of solar cells in China has expanded 100-fold. As Chinese renewable manufacturing has grown, the costs of renewable energy technologies have dropped. Innovation has helped, but the main driver of reduced costs has been market expansion.",
"title": "Renewable energy commercialization"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Klondike is an unincorporated community in Sherman County, Oregon, United States. It is near the Wasco, Oregon site of the Klondike III Wind Project, Oregon's largest wind energy farm with 176 turbines for wind energy.",
"title": "Klondike, Oregon"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Wind farms are most prevalent in the north and west portion of Iowa. Wind maps show the winds in these areas to be stronger on average, making them better suited for the development of wind energy. Average wind speeds are not consistent from month to month. Wind maps show wind speeds are on average strongest from November through April, peaking in March. August is the month with the weakest average wind speeds. On a daily cycle, there is a slight rise in average wind speeds in the afternoon, from 1 to 6 p.m. Estimates by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) indicate Iowa has potentially 570,700 Megawatts of wind power using large turbines mounted on 80 meter towers. Iowa ranks seventh in the country in terms of wind energy generation potential due to the strong average wind speeds in the midsection of the U.S. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet distributes current weather and wind conditions from approximately 450 monitoring stations across Iowa, providing data for modelling and predicting wind power.",
"title": "Wind power in Iowa"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Estonia produces about 75% of its consumed electricity. In 2011 about 85% of it was generated with locally mined oil shale. Alternative energy sources such as wood, peat, and biomass make up approximately 9% of primary energy production. Renewable wind energy was about 6% of total consumption in 2009. Estonia imports petroleum products from western Europe and Russia. Oil shale energy, telecommunications, textiles, chemical products, banking, services, food and fishing, timber, shipbuilding, electronics, and transportation are key sectors of the economy. The ice-free port of Muuga, near Tallinn, is a modern facility featuring good transshipment capability, a high-capacity grain elevator, chill/frozen storage, and new oil tanker off-loading capabilities.[citation needed] The railroad serves as a conduit between the West, Russia, and other points to the East.[citation needed]",
"title": "Estonia"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Spain is one of the world's leading countries in the development and production of renewable energy. In 2010 Spain became the solar power world leader when it overtook the United States with a massive power station plant called La Florida, near Alvarado, Badajoz. Spain is also Europe's main producer of wind energy. In 2010 its wind turbines generated 42,976 GWh, which accounted for 16.4% of all electrical energy produced in Spain. On 9 November 2010, wind energy reached an instantaneous historic peak covering 53% of mainland electricity demand and generating an amount of energy that is equivalent to that of 14 nuclear reactors. Other renewable energies used in Spain are hydroelectric, biomass and marine (2 power plants under construction).Non-renewable energy sources used in Spain are nuclear (8 operative reactors), gas, coal, and oil. Fossil fuels together generated 58% of Spain's electricity in 2009, just below the OECD mean of 61%. Nuclear power generated another 19%, and wind and hydro about 12% each.",
"title": "Spain"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "According to Forbes magazine, Oklahoma City-based Devon Energy Corporation, Chesapeake Energy Corporation, and SandRidge Energy Corporation are the largest private oil-related companies in the nation, and all of Oklahoma's Fortune 500 companies are energy-related. Tulsa's ONEOK and Williams Companies are the state's largest and second-largest companies respectively, also ranking as the nation's second and third-largest companies in the field of energy, according to Fortune magazine. The magazine also placed Devon Energy as the second-largest company in the mining and crude oil-producing industry in the nation, while Chesapeake Energy ranks seventh respectively in that sector and Oklahoma Gas & Electric ranks as the 25th-largest gas and electric utility company.",
"title": "Oklahoma"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 2016, Nebraska became the eighteenth state to have installed over 1,000 MW of wind power capacity. Texas, with over 20,000 MW of capacity, had the most installed wind power capacity of any U.S. state at the end of 2016. Texas also had more under construction than any other state currently has installed. The state generating the highest percentage of energy from wind power is Iowa. North Dakota has the most per capita wind generation. The Alta Wind Energy Center in California is the largest wind farm in the United States with a capacity of 1548 MW. GE Energy is the largest domestic wind turbine manufacturer.",
"title": "Wind power in the United States"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Altamont Pass wind farm is located in the Altamont Pass of the Diablo Range in Northern California. It is one of the earliest wind farms in the United States. The first wind turbines were placed on the Altamont in the early 1980s by Fayette Manufacturing Corporation on land owned by cattle rancher Joe Jess. The wind farm is composed of 4930 relatively small wind turbines of various types, making it at one time the largest wind farm in the world in terms of capacity. Altamont Pass is still one of the largest concentration of wind turbines in the world, with a capacity of 576 megawatts (MW), producing about 125 MW on average and 1.1 terawatt-hours (TWh) yearly. They were installed after the 1970s energy crisis in response to favorable tax policies for investors.",
"title": "Altamont Pass wind farm"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Massimo Moratti (born 16 May 1945) is an Italian petroleum businessman and chairman of the Saras Group, founded in 1962 by his father, industrialist Angelo Moratti. The main production site of the Saras Group is the Sarroch refinery located on the island of Sardinia, one of Europe's only six supersites, with a capacity of 300,000 barrels per day, representing 15% of refining capacity in Italy. In recent years, initially to enable independence of the Sarroch refinery from terms of energy, the Saras Group has entered into the production of electricity and is expanding its production of alternative energy sources, particularly in the field of wind energy, through its subsidiaries Sarlux and Sardeolica, the latter of which is controlled indirectly through the company Eolici Ulassai.",
"title": "Massimo Moratti"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Oklahoma is the nation's third-largest producer of natural gas, fifth-largest producer of crude oil, and has the second-greatest number of active drilling rigs, and ranks fifth in crude oil reserves. While the state ranked eighth for installed wind energy capacity in 2011, it is at the bottom of states in usage of renewable energy, with 94 percent of its electricity being generated by non-renewable sources in 2009, including 25 percent from coal and 46 percent from natural gas. Oklahoma has no nuclear power. Ranking 13th for total energy consumption per capita in 2009, Oklahoma's energy costs were 8th lowest in the nation.",
"title": "Oklahoma"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Cellular respiration is a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products. The reactions involved in respiration are catabolic reactions, which break large molecules into smaller ones, releasing energy in the process, as weak so - called ``high - energy ''bonds are replaced by stronger bonds in the products. Respiration is one of the key ways a cell releases chemical energy to fuel cellular activity. Cellular respiration is considered an exothermic redox reaction which releases heat. The overall reaction occurs in a series of biochemical steps, most of which are redox reactions themselves. Although cellular respiration is technically a combustion reaction, it clearly does not resemble one when it occurs in a living cell because of the slow release of energy from the series of reactions.",
"title": "Cellular respiration"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "By the end of 2011, total renewable power capacity worldwide exceeded 1,360 GW, up 8%. Renewables producing electricity accounted for almost half of the 208 GW of capacity added globally during 2011. Wind and solar photovoltaics (PV) accounted for almost 40% and 30% . Based on REN21's 2014 report, renewables contributed 19 percent to our energy consumption and 22 percent to our electricity generation in 2012 and 2013, respectively. This energy consumption is divided as 9% coming from traditional biomass, 4.2% as heat energy (non-biomass), 3.8% hydro electricity and 2% electricity from wind, solar, geothermal, and biomass.",
"title": "Renewable energy commercialization"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Musselroe Wind Farm is a wind farm at Cape Portland, Tasmania, Australia. It is third wind farm in the state, being owned and operated by Hydro Tasmania. It consists of 56 Vestas V90-3MW wind turbines, with a generating capacity of 168 MW. The energy output from the Musselroe Wind Farm will be sufficient to supply electricity to around 50,000 households and abate 450,000 tonnes of emissions annually.",
"title": "Musselroe Wind Farm"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Houston area is a leading center for building oilfield equipment. Much of its success as a petrochemical complex is due to its busy ship channel, the Port of Houston. In the United States, the port ranks first in international commerce and tenth among the largest ports in the world. Unlike most places, high oil and gasoline prices are beneficial for Houston's economy, as many of its residents are employed in the energy industry. Houston is the beginning or end point of numerous oil, gas, and products pipelines:",
"title": "Houston"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Atlantic Wind Connection (AWC) is a proposed electrical transmission backbone by Trans-Elect Development Company that could be constructed off the East Coast of the United States to service off-shore wind farms. Google Energy, the investment firm Good Energies, and Japanese trading firm Marubeni are investing \"tens of millions of dollars\" in the initial development stage of what could become a $5 billion project.",
"title": "Atlantic Wind Connection"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The 180 MW Tatanka Wind Farm, is located in Dickey County and McIntosh County, North Dakota, and McPherson County, South Dakota. It is the largest wind farm in North and South Dakota and generates enough renewable energy to power more than 60,000 U.S. homes.",
"title": "Tatanka Wind Farm"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Melisa Can (born May 12, 1984 in Iowa) aka Michelle Marie Campbell is U.S. born Turkish female basketball player at the power forward position who plays for Adana ASKİ.",
"title": "Melisa Can"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Portugal has considerable resources of wind and river power, the two most cost-effective renewable energy sources. Since the turn of the 21st century, there has been a trend towards the development of a renewable resource industry and reduction of both consumption and use of fossil fuels. In 2006, the world's largest solar power plant at that date, the Moura Photovoltaic Power Station, began operating near Moura, in the south, while the world's first commercial wave power farm, the Aguçadoura Wave Farm, opened in the Norte region (2008). By the end of 2006, 66% of the country's electrical production was from coal and fuel power plants, while 29% were derived from hydroelectric dams, and 6% by wind energy.In 2008, renewable energy resources were producing 43% of the nation's consumption of electricity, even as hydroelectric production decreased with severe droughts. As of June 2010, electricity exports had outnumbered imports. In the period between January and May 2010, 70% of the national production of energy came from renewable sources.Portugal's national energy transmission company, Redes Energéticas Nacionais (REN), uses sophisticated modeling to predict weather, especially wind patterns, and computer programs to calculate energy from the various renewable-energy plants.",
"title": "Portugal"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Deploying Renewables 2011: Best and Future Policy Practice is a 2011 book by the International Energy Agency. The book analyses the recent successes in renewable energy, which now accounts for almost a fifth of all electricity produced worldwide, and addresses how countries can best capitalize on that growth to realise a sustainable energy future. The book says that renewable energy commercialization must be stepped up, especially given the world’s increasing appetite for energy and the need to meet this demand more efficiently and with low-carbon energy sources. Wind power and other renewable energy sources offer great potential to address issues of energy security and sustainability.",
"title": "Deploying Renewables 2011"
}
],
"question": "The state where Melisa Can was born ranks where in wind energy production?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Iowa",
"id": 533027,
"paragraph_support_idx": 17,
"question": "Melisa Can >> place of birth"
},
{
"answer": "seventh in the country",
"id": 84859,
"paragraph_support_idx": 3,
"question": "where does #1 rank in wind energy production"
}
]
} |
2hop__221448_673383 | who is the sibling of the cast member of The Eternal Grind? | Jack Pickford | [
"Jack Pickford"
] | {
"answer": "Jack Pickford",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__221448_673383",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "During childhood, siblings are a source of conflict and frustration as well as a support system. Adolescence may affect this relationship differently, depending on sibling gender. In same-sex sibling pairs, intimacy increases during early adolescence, then remains stable. Mixed-sex siblings pairs act differently; siblings drift apart during early adolescent years, but experience an increase in intimacy starting at middle adolescence. Sibling interactions are children's first relational experiences, the ones that shape their social and self-understanding for life. Sustaining positive sibling relations can assist adolescents in a number of ways. Siblings are able to act as peers, and may increase one another's sociability and feelings of self-worth. Older siblings can give guidance to younger siblings, although the impact of this can be either positive or negative depending on the activity of the older sibling.",
"title": "Adolescence"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Man They Could Not Hang is a 1939 American horror film, the first of three similarly-plotted titles produced by Columbia Pictures, directed by Nick Grinde, and starring Boris Karloff as Dr. Henryk Savaard. The supporting cast features Lorna Gray and Ann Doran.",
"title": "The Man They Could Not Hang"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Cycle of Eternity is the ninth studio album by the German electronic composer Peter Frohmader, released in 1994 by Cuneiform Records.",
"title": "Cycle of Eternity"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "For My Pain... (often abbreviated “FMP...” or just “FMP”) was a gothic metal supergroup from Oulu, Finland, featuring members from Embraze, Eternal Tears of Sorrow, Nightwish, Charon and Reflexion. The band released their successful debut album “Fallen” in 2003, but has since not released a new full-length album.",
"title": "For My Pain..."
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The game was released worldwide for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, Xbox One, and (in Japan only) for Nintendo Switch on October 5, 2018. It was praised for its open world, visuals, combat, story, and characters, while receiving criticism for some reliance on grinding, microtransactions, and for feeling bloated.",
"title": "Assassin's Creed Odyssey"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Love Is Eternal While It Lasts (, also known as \"Love Is Eternal, as Long as It Lasts\") is a 2004 Italian romantic comedy film written, directed and starred by Carlo Verdone. For her performance Laura Morante won the Nastro d'Argento for best actress.",
"title": "Love Is Eternal While It Lasts"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Charlotte Ritchie (born 29 August 1989) is a British actress and singer - songwriter. She is a member of the classical crossover band All Angels. She has been a main cast member in Channel 4's Fresh Meat and the BBC's Siblings. From January 2015 she joined the cast of the BBC's Call the Midwife, playing Barbara Gilbert.",
"title": "Charlotte Ritchie"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The fourteenth series of Geordie Shore, a British television programme based in Newcastle upon Tyne, was confirmed on 31 October 2016 when cast member Scotty T announced that he would be taking a break from the series to focus on other commitments. The series was filmed in November 2016, and began airing on 28 March 2017. Ahead of the series, it was also confirmed that original cast member Holly Hagan had quit the show, following her exit in the previous series. On 28 February 2017, it was announced that eight new cast members had joined for this series. Zahida Allen, Chelsea Barber, Sam Bentham, Sarah Goodhart, Abbie Holborn, Elettra Lamborghini, Billy Phillips and Eve Shannon all appeared throughout the series hoping to become permanent members of the cast, and in the series finale, Holborn was chosen. Goodhart and Allen both previously appeared on Ex on the Beach, with the former appearing on the third series of the show as the ex-girlfriend of current Geordie Shore cast member Marty McKenna (before he joined the cast). Lamborghini has also appeared on Super Shore and participated in the fifth season of Gran Hermano VIP, the Spanish version of Celebrity Big Brother. It was also confirmed that Scott would return later in the series.",
"title": "Geordie Shore (series 14)"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Before I Hang is a 1940 American science fiction, horror film released by Columbia Pictures, starring Boris Karloff. The film was directed by Nick Grinde (under the working title The Wizard of Death), and was one of several films Karloff starred in contract with Columbia.",
"title": "Before I Hang"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Metcalfe was a regular cast member during the first season. However, after the affair is revealed to Carlos in the first season finale by John himself, Metcalfe left the regular cast. Since his departure, he has made several guest appearances in subsequent seasons.",
"title": "John Rowland (Desperate Housewives)"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Power of Eternity is the twentieth studio album from rock band Wishbone Ash. It marks the first recording to feature the band's new drummer Joe Crabtree, who replaced previous drummer, longtime member Ray Weston, during the recording of the album.",
"title": "Power of Eternity"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Several former cast members have returned to take on hosting duties. Original cast member Chevy Chase has hosted the most times, eight in total. Tina Fey follows behind, having hosted six times, while Bill Murray has hosted five times. On December 11, 1982, Eddie Murphy became the only person to host while still a member of the cast, filling the role at the last minute when the scheduled host (his 48 Hours co-star Nick Nolte) became ill.",
"title": "List of Saturday Night Live guests"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "ANCA Pty Ltd (formerly Australian Numerical Control and Automation Pty Ltd) is an Australia company which designs and manufactures computer numerical controlled grinding machines. The company was founded in 1974 by Pat Boland and Pat McCluskey in Melbourne, Australia.",
"title": "ANCA (company)"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Osmán Morote Barrionuevo known with the alias of Comrade Nicolas was one of Efraín Morote Best's sons. At one point in his life, he became the Shining Path's second-in-command. His two siblings, Arturo and Katia, also became members of the Shining Path, a Maoist insurgency in Peru that launched a terrorist movement.",
"title": "Osmán Morote Barrionuevo"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Plasma Records is the record label for Grind Music & Sound Inc., a digital audio and post-production facility. Grind Music & Sound was opened in 2001 by Sangtar and Michelle Garuik. In 2002 Plasma Records was formed and set up an operation center in Jalandhar, Punjab, India. Manmohan Waris said the reason for Plasma Records was \"Many of the top guys in record companies themselves don't have the idea of the pulse of Punjabi music but we are expected to alter stuff and work according to their notions. Now we can do our own stuff without interference.\" The majority of music and associated materials released by Plasma Records is recorded fully or partially in the Grind Music & Sound studios.",
"title": "Plasma Records"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Eternal Grind is a 1916 silent drama film directed by John B. O'Brien, and starring Mary Pickford. The film is inspired by the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire, which took place in 1911.",
"title": "The Eternal Grind"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "This Modern Age is a 1931 American pre-Code Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer feature film directed by Nick Grinde and starring Joan Crawford, Neil Hamilton, Pauline Frederick and Albert Conti.",
"title": "This Modern Age"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"Eternal\" is the first solo single by Japanese singer-songwriter and former KAT-TUN member Jin Akanishi, released on March 2, 2011 by Warner Music Japan. It topped both Oricon and \"Billboard\" Japan Hot 100 singles charts.",
"title": "Eternal (Jin Akanishi song)"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Half - siblings are people who share one parent but not both. They may share the same mother but different fathers (in which case they are known as uterine siblings or maternal half - brothers / half - sisters), or they may have the same father but different mothers (in which case, they are known as agnate siblings or paternal half - brothers / half - sisters. In law, the term consanguine is used in place of agnate). They share only one parent instead of two as full siblings do and are on average 25% related.",
"title": "Sibling"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Exit Smiling is a 1926 comedy film directed by Sam Taylor and starring New York and London revues star Beatrice Lillie in her first (and only silent) film role and Jack Pickford, the brother of star Mary Pickford. The film was also the debut of actor Franklin Pangborn. This film is available on DVD from the Warner Archives Collection.",
"title": "Exit Smiling"
}
],
"question": "who is the sibling of the cast member of The Eternal Grind?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Mary Pickford",
"id": 221448,
"paragraph_support_idx": 15,
"question": "The Eternal Grind >> cast member"
},
{
"answer": "Jack Pickford",
"id": 673383,
"paragraph_support_idx": 19,
"question": "#1 >> sibling"
}
]
} |
2hop__865735_135581 | What is the center having Christopher C. Kraft Jr. Mission Control Center named after? | Lyndon B. Johnson | [
"Lyndon B. Johnson"
] | {
"answer": "Lyndon B. Johnson",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__865735_135581",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "STS-41-C was NASA's 11th Space Shuttle mission, and the fifth mission of Space Shuttle \"Challenger\". The launch, which took place on April 6, 1984, marked the first direct ascent trajectory for a shuttle mission. During the mission, \"Challenger\"'s crew captured and repaired the malfunctioning Solar Maximum Mission (\"Solar Max\") satellite, and deployed the Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) experimental apparatus. STS-41-C was extended one day due to problems capturing the Solar Max satellite, and the landing on April 13 took place at Edwards Air Force Base, instead of at Kennedy Space Center as had been planned. The flight was originally numbered STS-13.",
"title": "STS-41-C"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Christopher Pinchbeck, also called Catarrón (c. 1670 – ) was a London clockmaker and maker of musical automata. He was born in Clerkenwell, England, but worked in Fleet Street. He is the most famous member of the Pinchbeck family, which took its name from a small village in Lincolnshire.",
"title": "Christopher Pinchbeck"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Mission San Luis Rey de Francia is a former Spanish mission in an unincorporated part of San Diego County, surrounded by the present - day city of Oceanside, California, United States. The mission was founded on June 13, 1798 by Padre Fermín Lasuén, and was the eighteenth of the Spanish missions established in California. Named for Saint Louis, the mission lent its name to the Luiseño tribe of Mission Indians.",
"title": "Mission San Luis Rey de Francia"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "West Hall, built in 1917, is the oldest building at Valdosta State University and features a distinctive dome and Spanish-mission architecture. It is also the center of academic activity at VSU, with numerous classrooms, departments, and offices. West Hall is named in honor of Colonel W.S. West, who as a Georgia state senator, led the legislation for the creation of a college in Valdosta through the Georgia Senate and donated the property that is now the main part of campus to the state for use by the new institution.",
"title": "West Hall (Valdosta State University)"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "McKay Valley () is the central of three largely ice-free valleys that trend east from Midnight Plateau in the Darwin Mountains of Antarctica. It was named after physicist Christopher P. McKay, of the NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California, who carried out investigations in the McMurdo Dry Valleys concerning micrometeorology, thickness of ice in frozen lakes, stability of ground ice, in 15 austral summers beginning in about 1980.",
"title": "McKay Valley"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Hurst Publishers (C. Hurst & Co Publishers Ltd) is an independent non-fiction publisher based in the Bloomsbury area of London. Hurst specializes in books on global affairs and has lists in Islamic Studies, European History, War & Conflict, African Studies and International Relations. Christopher Hurst founded the company in 1969. Michael Dwyer, who joined Hurst in 1986, took over its running after the death of Christopher Hurst in April 2007.",
"title": "C. Hurst & Co."
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Yogi Rock is a rock on Mars that was discovered during the Mars Pathfinder mission in 1997, and named by Geoffrey A. Landis. The rocks found on the mission were named after famous icons and figures, and Yogi Rock was thought to resemble the head of a bear looking away from the spacecraft. As a result, it was named for the famed cartoon character Yogi Bear.",
"title": "Yogi Rock"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Michele Brekke is a former flight director in NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC) Space Shuttle Mission Control Center. She is notable for having been the first female NASA flight director. She presently holds the position of Manager, Visiting Vehicle Operations Integration, Transportation Integration Office at JSC.",
"title": "Michele Brekke"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ham (1957 -- January 19, 1983), also known as Ham the Chimp and Ham the Astrochimp, was a chimpanzee and the first hominid launched into space, on January 31, 1961, as part of America's space program. Ham's name is an acronym for the lab that prepared him for his historic mission -- the Holloman Aerospace Medical Center, located at Holloman Air Force Base in New Mexico, southwest of Alamogordo. His name was also in honor of the commander of Holloman Aeromedical Laboratory, Lieutenant Colonel Hamilton ``Ham ''Blackshear.",
"title": "Ham (chimpanzee)"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (JSC) is NASA's center for human spaceflight (originally named the Manned Spacecraft Center), where human spaceflight training, research, and flight control are conducted. It was built and leased to NASA by Joseph L. Smith & Associates, Inc. It was renamed in honor of the late U.S. president and Texas native, Lyndon B. Johnson, by an act of the United States Senate on February 19, 1973.",
"title": "Johnson Space Center"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The product was originally marketed as Kraft Dinner with the slogan ``a meal for four in nine minutes for an everyday price of 19 cents. ''It was re-branded to Kraft Macaroni & Cheese in the United States and other countries. In several markets it goes by different names; in the United Kingdom it is also marketed as Cheesey Pasta.",
"title": "Kraft Dinner"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Apollo 13 is a 1995 American space docudrama film directed by Ron Howard and starring Tom Hanks, Kevin Bacon, Bill Paxton, Gary Sinise, and Ed Harris. The screenplay by William Broyles Jr., and Al Reinert dramatizes the aborted 1970 Apollo 13 lunar mission and is an adaptation of the book \"Lost Moon: The Perilous Voyage of Apollo 13\" by astronaut Jim Lovell and Jeffrey Kluger. The film depicts astronauts Lovell, Jack Swigert, and Fred Haise aboard Apollo 13 for America's third Moon landing mission. En route, an on-board explosion deprives their spacecraft of most of its oxygen supply and electric power, forcing NASA's flight controllers to abort the Moon landing, and turning the mission into a struggle to get the three men home safely.",
"title": "Apollo 13 (film)"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Adam Kraft (or Krafft) (c. 1460?January 1509) was a German stone sculptor and master builder of the late Gothic period, based in Nuremberg and with a documented career there from 1490.",
"title": "Adam Kraft"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "McCool Hill is the tallest of the Columbia Hills in Gusev crater, Mars. It was named in honor of William C. McCool, an astronaut of the Space Shuttle \"Columbia\" during its final mission where it disintegrated during atmospheric reentry (see Space Shuttle \"Columbia\" disaster).",
"title": "McCool Hill"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Cape Folger () is an ice-covered cape forming the east side of the entrance to Vincennes Bay on the Budd Coast of Antarctica. The position of Cape Folger correlates closely with the west end of Charles Wilkes' \"Budd's High Land\", as charted as a coastal landfall by the United States Exploring Expedition in 1840. The cape was mapped from aerial photographs taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946–47, and was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Commander Edward C. Folger, Jr., U.S. Navy, commander of the icebreaker \"Edisto\" which assisted Operation Windmill parties in establishing astronomical control stations in the Windmill Islands, close southwest in Vincennes Bay.",
"title": "Cape Folger"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Mons Rümker is an isolated volcanic formation that is located in the northwest part of the Moon's near side, at selenographic coordinates 40.8° N, 58.1° W and is the planned landing site of the Chang'e 5 mission. The feature forms a large, elevated mound in the northern part of the Oceanus Procellarum. The mound has a diameter of 70 kilometres, and climbs to a maximum elevation of about 1,100 metres above the surrounding plain. It was named after Karl L. C. Rümker.",
"title": "Mons Rümker"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Kraft Heinz Company is an American food company formed by the merger of Kraft Foods Group and Heinz in 2015. The merger was backed by 3G Capital and Berkshire Hathaway, which invested US $10 billion in the deal, making Kraft Heinz worth about US $46 billion. In 2015, the Kraft Heinz Company had 13 different brands with $500 million or more each in annual sales.",
"title": "Kraft Heinz"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Kraft Suspense Theatre is an American television anthology series that was produced and broadcast from 1963 to 1965 on NBC. Sponsored by Kraft Foods, it was seen three weeks out of every four and was pre-empted for Perry Como's \"Kraft Music Hall\" specials once monthly. Como's production company, Roncom Films, also produced \"Kraft Suspense Theatre.\" (The company name, \"Roncom Films\" stood for \"RONnie COMo,\" Perry's son, who was in his early twenties when this series premiered). Writer, editor, critic and radio playwright Anthony Boucher served as consultant on the series.",
"title": "Kraft Suspense Theatre"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Coon cheese is named after its American creator, Edward William Coon (1871 -- 1934) of Philadelphia, who patented a method, subsequently known as the Cooning process, for fast maturation of cheese via high temperature and humidity. Former manufacturer Kraft, and later Dairy Farmers and National Foods, have vigorously defended the trademark.",
"title": "Coon cheese"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "General Foods Corporation was a company whose direct predecessor was established in the USA by Charles William Post as the Postum Cereal Company in 1895. The name General Foods was adopted in 1929, after several corporate acquisitions. In November 1985, General Foods was acquired by Philip Morris Companies (now Altria Group, Inc.) for $5.6 billion, the largest non-oil acquisition to that time. In December 1988, Philip Morris acquired Kraft, Inc., and, in 1990, combined the two food companies as Kraft General Foods (KGF). \"General Foods\" was dropped from the corporate name in 1995; a line of caffeinated hot beverage mixes continued to carry the General Foods International name until 2010.",
"title": "General Foods"
}
],
"question": "What is the center having Christopher C. Kraft Jr. Mission Control Center named after?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Johnson Space Center",
"id": 865735,
"paragraph_support_idx": 7,
"question": "Christopher C. Kraft Jr. Mission Control Center >> part of"
},
{
"answer": "Lyndon B. Johnson",
"id": 135581,
"paragraph_support_idx": 9,
"question": "What is #1 named after?"
}
]
} |
2hop__153048_80761 | How many snake species are there in the state where Sequoyah lived? | 49 | [
"49"
] | {
"answer": "49",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__153048_80761",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Weeks Creek is a small creek tributary to La Honda Creek, which in turn is tributary to San Gregorio Creek in western San Mateo County, California. San Gregorio Creek drains to the Pacific Ocean at San Gregorio State Beach. The San Gregorio Creek watershed supports several species listed under the federal and State of California Endangered Species Acts. These species include—coho salmon (endangered), steelhead (threatened), Tidewater Goby, San Francisco Garter Snake, and California Red-legged frog.",
"title": "Weeks Creek"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Year Title Role Notes 1998 Metal Gear Solid Solid Snake Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty Solid Snake 2002 Eternal Darkness: Sanity's Requiem Roman Legionnaire 1 / Roman Legionnaire 2 / Angkor Thom Guard Metal Gear Solid: The Twin Snakes Solid Snake Metal Gear Solid 3: Snake Eater Naked Snake / Big Boss 2005 Metal Gear Acid 2 Snake 2006 Metal Gear Solid: Portable Ops Naked Snake 2008 Super Smash Bros. Brawl Solid Snake Metal Gear Solid 4: Guns of the Patriots Old Snake / Himself Metal Gear Solid: Peace Walker Snake (Big Boss) 2011 Star Wars: The Old Republic Jedi Knight Male 2013 Marvel Heroes Winter Soldier 2013 - 15 République Daniel Zager 2014 Oddworld: New 'n' Tasty! Mudokons 2015 Dragon Age: Inquisition Lieutenant Renn The Descent DLC 2016 The Long Dark Jeremiah Deponia Doomsday Old Rufus 2018 Bloodstained: Ritual of the Night Gebel",
"title": "David Hayter"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Rhinophis fergusonianus, commonly known as the Cardamom Hills earth snake, is a species of uropeltid snake endemic to the Western Ghats, India.",
"title": "Rhinophis fergusonianus"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Though the true dimensions of species diversity remain uncertain, estimates range from 2.6–7.8 million species with a mean of 5.5 million. This probably represents less than 20% of all species on Earth[citation needed], and with only about 20,000 new species of all organisms being described each year, most species likely will remain undescribed for many years unless species descriptions increase in rate. About 850,000–1,000,000 of all described species are insects. Of the 24 orders of insects, four dominate in terms of numbers of described species, with at least 3 million species included in Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera. A recent study estimated the number of beetles at 0.9–2.1 million with a mean of 1.5 million.",
"title": "Insect"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Differences from other spitting cobras were realized in the 1960s, but N. ashei was initially regarded by most merely as a brown - coloured form of the black - necked spitting cobra (N. nigricollis). Thus, N. ashei was only classified as a distinct species in 2007, by Wolfgang Wüster (Bangor University, Wales) and Donald Broadley (Biodiversity Foundation for Africa). Royjan Taylor (Director of the Bio-Ken Snake Farm in Watamu, Kenya) was instrumental in providing specimens, among them the holotype. The specific epithet honors the late James Ashe, who founded the Bio-Ken Snake Farm and was one of the first experts to suggest N. ashei was a new species.",
"title": "Naja ashei"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Paragonimus skrjabini is classified as a species in the genus \"Paragonimus\", which consists of many species of lung flukes that result in the food-borne parasitic disease paragonimiasis.",
"title": "Paragonimus skrjabini"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ten or eleven species of reptiles occur in Great Britain: four snakes and three lizards, which were established at the time of the last ice age. Additionally, Britain has a number of introduced species which have become naturalized in their new environments.",
"title": "List of reptiles of Great Britain"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Lycodon striatus, commonly known as the northern wolf snake or the barred wolf snake, is a species of nonvenomous colubrid snake from southern Asia.",
"title": "Lycodon striatus"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1972, he received a Ph.D. in Marine Biology. He documented the wildlife of the region on land, photographing many of the wild flowers of Israel, with a special attention to the documentation of the Plants of the Bible. Underwater he photographed many hundreds of fish species as well as marine invertebrates from the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. \"Upeneus davidaromi\", a species of goatfish found in the Red Sea, was named in his honour in 2001.",
"title": "David Darom"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "A storm takes place while Fat-hoi goes into the forest and he attacks two Snake spirits. But after he noticed that they were only preventing rain from hitting a woman giving birth, he also releases them. Again, he is haunted by sins of the human mind, primarily the female body. The two snakes, White Snake (Joey Wong) and Green Snake (Maggie Cheung), are later seen on the rooftop of a festival where Green Snake participates while White Snake eyes a local scholar Hsui Xien (Wu Hsing-Kuo). The two have been training for many centuries to take human form and experience the love, freedom and wisdom that is supposedly only available to humans. White Snake is the more experienced one and proceeds to get engaged to Hsui Xien, with whom she plans to have a child which would complete her passage into the mortal realm; Green Snake is the younger and more impulsive of the two sisters but she is not yet quite convinced of the benefits of the human world. They both move into their magically created house and start a successful medical practice in the town. Other than Hsui Xien's visit, the two gets another visit unexpectedly from a buffoonish Taoist whom Green Snake leaves the household to take care of. Because of White Snake's beautiful charms, Hsui Xien, once known as the toughest and most dedicated scholar of the village, is starting to lose his reputation.",
"title": "Green Snake"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The tentacled snake or tentacle snake (Erpeton tentaculatum), is a rear-fanged aquatic snake native to South-East Asia. It is the only species of its genus, Erpeton, and the two tentacles on its snout are a unique feature among snakes. The method it uses to catch fish has recently been a subject of research.",
"title": "Tentacled snake"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "It is unclear when Sequoyah moved to Alabama from Tennessee. Some sources claim he went with his mother, though there is no confirmed date for her death. Others have stated that it was before 1809, when he started his work on the Cherokee Syllabary. Another source claims it was in 1818. However, this date is too late, because he was already living in Alabama when he enlisted in the army. In 1813–14, Sequoyah served as a warrior of the Cherokee Regiment (Col. Gideon Morgan, Commander) at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend against the \"Red Sticks\" (Creek, or Muskogee, renegades). His white comrades called him either George Guess or George Gist.",
"title": "Sequoyah"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Plains garter snake (Thamnophis radix) is a species of garter snake native to most of the central United States as far north as Canada and as far south as Texas. It has a distinctive orange or yellow stripe from its head to tail, and the rest of its body is mainly a gray - green color. The snake is commonly found living near water sources such as streams and ponds, but can also be found in urban areas and vacant lots. Although the IUCN lists the species as ``Least Concern '', some states have given it their own special status. This species is mildly venomous, although the venom is not toxic to humans.",
"title": "Plains garter snake"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The U.S. state of Alabama is home to 93 indigenous reptile species, not including subspecies. Indigenous species include one species of crocodilian, 12 lizard species, 49 snake species, and 31 turtle species. Three native species have possibly been extirpated from the state. These include the eastern indigo snake, southern hognose snake and the mimic glass lizard.",
"title": "List of reptiles of Alabama"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Though human activities have allowed the expansion of a few species, such as the barn swallow and European starling, they have caused population decreases or extinction in many other species. Over a hundred bird species have gone extinct in historical times, although the most dramatic human-caused avian extinctions, eradicating an estimated 750–1800 species, occurred during the human colonisation of Melanesian, Polynesian, and Micronesian islands. Many bird populations are declining worldwide, with 1,227 species listed as threatened by BirdLife International and the IUCN in 2009.",
"title": "Bird"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The plan stated that the following numbers of species of different groups had been recorded from Egypt: algae (1483 species), animals (about 15,000 species of which more than 10,000 were insects), fungi (more than 627 species), monera (319 species), plants (2426 species), protozoans (371 species). For some major groups, for example lichen-forming fungi and nematode worms, the number was not known. Apart from small and well-studied groups like amphibians, birds, fish, mammals and reptiles, the many of those numbers are likely to increase as further species are recorded from Egypt. For the fungi, including lichen-forming species, for example, subsequent work has shown that over 2200 species have been recorded from Egypt, and the final figure of all fungi actually occurring in the country is expected to be much higher.",
"title": "Egypt"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Few species of reptiles or amphibians are found in Great Britain or Ireland. Only three snakes are native to Great Britain: the common European adder, the grass snake and the smooth snake; none are native to Ireland. In general, Great Britain has slightly more variation and native wild life, with weasels, polecats, wildcats, most shrews, moles, water voles, roe deer and common toads also being absent from Ireland. This pattern is also true for birds and insects. Notable exceptions include the Kerry slug and certain species of wood lice native to Ireland but not Great Britain.",
"title": "British Isles"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Hydrophis platurus, commonly known as the yellow - bellied sea snake, yellowbelly sea snake or pelagic sea snake, is a species of snake from the subfamily Hydrophiinae (the sea snakes) found in tropical oceanic waters around the world, excluding the Atlantic Ocean. It was the only member of the genus Pelamis but recent molecular evidence suggests that it is more closely related to the species of the genus Hydrophis.",
"title": "Yellow-bellied sea snake"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Margoon (Margun) Waterfall is located in the Fars province of Iran near the city of Sepidan. Its name means in Persian \"snake like\".",
"title": "Margoon Waterfall"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "According to tradition, Patrick returned to Ireland to convert the pagan Irish to Christianity. The Declaration says that he spent many years evangelising in the northern half of Ireland and converted \"thousands\". Patrick's efforts against the druids were eventually turned into an allegory in which he drove \"snakes\" out of Ireland, despite the fact that snakes were not known to inhabit the region.",
"title": "Saint Patrick's Day"
}
],
"question": "How many snake species are there in the state where Sequoyah lived?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Alabama",
"id": 153048,
"paragraph_support_idx": 11,
"question": "What city is Sequoyah from?"
},
{
"answer": "49",
"id": 80761,
"paragraph_support_idx": 13,
"question": "how many species of snakes are in #1"
}
]
} |
4hop3__703974_789671_732692_24137 | What weekly publication in Thayer Scudder's birthplace is issued by university of the author of America-Lite: How Imperial Academia Dismantled Our Culture? | Yale Herald | [
"Yale Herald"
] | {
"answer": "Yale Herald",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "4hop3__703974_789671_732692_24137",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Miller Lite was essentially the first mainstream light beer. After its first inception as ``Gablinger's Diet Beer, ''developed in 1967 by Joseph L. Owades, PhD, a biochemist working for New York's Rheingold Brewery, the recipe was given by Owades to Chicago's Peter Hand Brewing. That year, Peter Hand Brewing was purchased by a group of investors, renamed Meister Brau Brewing, and Lite was soon introduced as Meister Brau Lite, a companion to their flagship Meister Brau. Under the new management, Meister Brau Brewing encountered significant financial problems, and in 1972, sold several of its existing labels to Miller. The recipe was relaunched simply as`` Lite'' on packaging and in advertising (with ``Lite Beer from Miller ''being its`` official'' name until the late '90s) in the test markets of Springfield, Illinois, Knoxville, Tennessee, and San Diego, California, in 1973, and heavily marketed using masculine pro sports players and other, so - called, macho figures of the day in an effort to sell to the key beer - drinking male demographic. Miller Lite was introduced nationally in 1975. Miller's heavy - advertising approach worked where the two previous light beers had failed, and Miller's early production totals of 12.8 million barrels quickly increased to 24.2 million barrels by 1977 as Miller rose to 2nd place in the American brewing marketplace. Other brewers responded, in particular Anheuser - Busch with its heavily advertised Bud Light in 1982, which eventually overtook Lite in sales by 1994. Anheuser - Busch played on the branding style of ``Lite ''by highlighting the fact that their beer was called`` Bud Light,'' as ``everything else is just a light. ''In 1992, light beers became the biggest domestic beer in America, and in 1998, Miller relabeled its`` Lite'' brand as ``Miller Lite. ''",
"title": "Miller Lite"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ralph Wheelock (1600–1683) was an English Puritan minister, American colonial public official, and educator. He is known for having been the first public school teacher in America.",
"title": "Ralph Wheelock"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Respekt is a Czech weekly newsmagazine published in Prague, the Czech Republic, reporting on domestic and foreign political and economic issues, as well as on science and culture.",
"title": "Respekt"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Filming began on March 3, 2013 in New York City. Producers invited author Block to the set to watch filming. On the casting of Neeson, Block said, ``Readers often ask who'd be my ideal Matt Scudder, and I usually change the subject. But now it's safe to tell you that, ever since I saw him in Michael Collins, Neeson has been up at the top of my personal Scudder wish list. I could n't be happier about either the star or the writer / director, both of them genuine artists and brilliant professionals. My book's in good hands. ''",
"title": "A Walk Among the Tombstones (film)"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "America-Lite: How Imperial Academia Dismantled Our Culture (and Ushered in the Obamacrats) is a 2012 book by David Gelernter, published by Encounter Books.",
"title": "America-Lite"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Margaret Higgins Sanger (born Margaret Louise Higgins, September 14, 1879 -- September 6, 1966, also known as Margaret Sanger Slee) was an American birth control activist, sex educator, writer, and nurse. Sanger popularized the term ``birth control '', opened the first birth control clinic in the United States, and established organizations that evolved into the Planned Parenthood Federation of America.",
"title": "Margaret Sanger"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Representations is an interdisciplinary journal in the humanities published quarterly by the University of California Press. The journal was established in 1983 and is the founding publication of the New Historicism movement of the 1980s. It covers topics including literary, historical, and cultural studies. The founding editorial board was chaired by Stephen Greenblatt and Svetlana Alpers. \"Representations\" frequently publishes thematic special issues, for example, the 2007 issue on the legacies of American Orientalism, the 2006 issue on cross-cultural mimesis, and the 2005 issue on political and intellectual redress.",
"title": "Representations"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Agustín Yáñez Delgadillo (May 4, 1904 in Guadalajara, Jalisco – January 17, 1980 in Mexico City) was a notable Mexican writer and politician who served as Governor of Jalisco and Secretary of Public Education during Gustavo Díaz Ordaz's presidency. He is the author of numerous books and the recipient, in 1952 as member of the \"Academia Mexicana de la Lengua\", in 1973, of the \"Premio Nacional de las Letras\". Al filo del agua (On the Edge of the Storm) is universally acknowledge as his masterpiece, according to the Encyclopedia of Latin American and Caribbean literature, 1900-2003 By Daniel Balderston, Mike Gonzalez, page 616.",
"title": "Agustín Yáñez"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "New Haven is served by the daily New Haven Register, the weekly \"alternative\" New Haven Advocate (which is run by Tribune, the corporation owning the Hartford Courant), the online daily New Haven Independent, and the monthly Grand News Community Newspaper. Downtown New Haven is covered by an in-depth civic news forum, Design New Haven. The Register also backs PLAY magazine, a weekly entertainment publication. The city is also served by several student-run papers, including the Yale Daily News, the weekly Yale Herald and a humor tabloid, Rumpus Magazine. WTNH Channel 8, the ABC affiliate for Connecticut, WCTX Channel 59, the MyNetworkTV affiliate for the state, and Connecticut Public Television station WEDY channel 65, a PBS affiliate, broadcast from New Haven. All New York City news and sports team stations broadcast to New Haven County.",
"title": "New Haven, Connecticut"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Thayer Scudder (born 1930, New Haven, Connecticut), an American social anthropologist, is an Anthropology Professor Emeritus at the California Institute of Technology. Educated at Harvard University (AB 1952, PhD 1960), he did a postdoctorate in African Studies, Anthropology and Ecology at the London School of Economics, followed by positions with the Rhodes-Livingston Institute for Social Research in Northern Rhodesia 1956-1957 and again in 1962-1963, and a post at the American University in Cairo in 1961-1962. He joined the Caltech faculty in that year. His work on socioeconomic issues and infrastructure development associated with river basin development, forced relocation, and refugee reintegration has made him a world leader in these fields. Large dams are one of the world’s most controversial, divisive and expensive development issues, and Scudder is the world's leading expert on dams and relocation effects. His 2005 book \"The Future of Large Dams\" covers aspects of large dams and development including economics, politics, environmental risk, energy, agriculture, and human displacement and resettlement. He has undertaken studies on sustainable resource use in Africa, India, Nepal, Jordan, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, and the United States, and served on a number of independent review panels for dam projects in Africa and Asia. He is a former commissioner on the World Commission on Dams.",
"title": "Thayer Scudder"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The End of Education is a book by Neil Postman about public education in America. The use of the word \"end\" in the title has two meanings: primarily, as a synonym for \"purpose\", but also as a prediction about the future of public schools if they do not successfully identify and communicate a convincing purpose for their existence within our culture.",
"title": "The End of Education"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "On 1 November 2011, the airline licence of Zambezi Airlines was suspended because of safety issues. Subsequently, the airline was dismantled in 2012.",
"title": "Zambezi Airlines"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Current publications in the city include the Ann Arbor Journal (A2 Journal), a weekly community newspaper; the Ann Arbor Observer, a free monthly local magazine; the Ann Arbor Independent, a locally owned, independent weekly; and Current, a free entertainment-focused alt-weekly. The Ann Arbor Business Review covers local business in the area. Car and Driver magazine and Automobile Magazine are also based in Ann Arbor. The University of Michigan is served by many student publications, including the independent Michigan Daily student newspaper, which reports on local, state, and regional issues in addition to campus news.",
"title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Museo de las Americas is a fine arts museum in Denver, Colorado. It is dedicated to educating the community through collecting, preserving, interpreting and exhibiting the diverse arts and cultures of the Americas from ancient to contemporary, through innovative exhibitions and programs.",
"title": "Museo de las Americas"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "David Hillel Gelernter (born March 5, 1955) is an American artist, writer, and professor of computer science at Yale University. He is a former national fellow at the American Enterprise Institute and senior fellow in Jewish thought at the Shalem Center, and sat on the National Endowment for the Arts. He publishes widely; his work has appeared in \"The Wall Street Journal\", \"New York Post\", \"Los Angeles Times\", \"The Weekly Standard\", \"Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung\", and elsewhere. His paintings have been exhibited in New Haven and Manhattan.",
"title": "David Gelernter"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "My Hero Academia is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Kōhei Horikoshi. It began its serialization in the manga magazine Weekly Shōnen Jump in July 2014. As of June 2, 2017 the series been collected into fourteen tankōbon volumes. The series is licensed for English language release in North America by Viz Media, who published the first volume on August 4, 2015. As the series is published in Japan, it is also released simultaneously in English digitally by Viz Media's Weekly Shounen Jump. As of February 7, 2017, 8 volumes have been released.",
"title": "My Hero Academia"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "A Beacon of Hope was a report issued by the United States Advisory Commission on International Educational and Cultural Affairs in 1963 on the Cold War exchange programs of the United States that brought foreign artists, educators and students to the United States, and sent American artists, educators and students overseas.",
"title": "A Beacon of Hope"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Ministry of National Education () is a government ministry of the Republic of Turkey, responsible for the supervision of public and private educational system, agreements and authorizations under a national curriculum. The ministry is headed by .",
"title": "Ministry of National Education (Turkey)"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Vogue is an American fashion and lifestyle magazine made up of many components including fashion, beauty, culture, living, and runway. Vogue began as a weekly newspaper in 1892 in the United States, before becoming a monthly publication years later.",
"title": "Vogue (magazine)"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ant ('Oath') was a weekly leftwing publication in Turkey, which first appeared in 1967. \"Ant\" supported the Workers Party of Turkey (TİP), and sought to resolve the differences between the TİP and other sectors of the left. \"Ant\" stressed that the struggle for socialism and the struggle against imperialism had to be combined.",
"title": "Ant (newspaper)"
}
],
"question": "What weekly publication in Thayer Scudder's birthplace is issued by university of the author of America-Lite: How Imperial Academia Dismantled Our Culture?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "David Gelernter",
"id": 703974,
"paragraph_support_idx": 4,
"question": "America-Lite: How Imperial Academia Dismantled Our Culture >> author"
},
{
"answer": "Yale University",
"id": 789671,
"paragraph_support_idx": 14,
"question": "#1 >> educated at"
},
{
"answer": "New Haven",
"id": 732692,
"paragraph_support_idx": 9,
"question": "Thayer Scudder >> place of birth"
},
{
"answer": "Yale Herald",
"id": 24137,
"paragraph_support_idx": 8,
"question": "What weekly publication in #3 is issued by #2 ?"
}
]
} |
3hop2__101072_247266_54090 | Sinha Basnayake's employer recognizes how many countries in the continent where Arumbakkam is located? | 53 member states | [
"53 member states"
] | {
"answer": "53 member states",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "3hop2__101072_247266_54090",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Much of Tucson's economic development has been centered on the development of the University of Arizona, which is currently the second largest employer in the city. Davis-Monthan Air Force Base, located on the southeastern edge of the city, also provides many jobs for Tucson residents. Its presence, as well as the presence of the US Army Intelligence Center (Fort Huachuca, the largest employer in the region in nearby Sierra Vista), has led to the development of a significant number of high-tech industries, including government contractors, in the area. The city of Tucson is also a major hub for the Union Pacific Railroad's Sunset Route that links the Los Angeles ports with the South/Southeast regions of the country.",
"title": "Tucson, Arizona"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Africa is the world's second largest and second most - populous continent (behind Asia in both categories). At about 30.3 million km (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20% of its land area. With 1.2 billion people as of 2016, it accounts for about 16% of the world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Isthmus of Suez and the Red Sea to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos. It contains 54 fully recognised sovereign states (countries), nine territories and two de facto independent states with limited or no recognition. The majority of the continent and its countries are in the Northern Hemisphere, with a substantial portion and number of countries in the Southern Hemisphere.",
"title": "Africa"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Satyendra Prasanna Sinha, 1st Baron Sinha, KCSI, PC, KC, (24 March 1863 – 4 March 1928) was a prominent lawyer and statesman in British India. He was the first Governor of Bihar and Orissa, first Indian Advocate-General of Bengal, first Indian to become a member of the Viceroy's executive Council and the first Indian to become a member of the British ministry. He is sometimes also referred as Satyendra Prasanno Sinha or Satyendra Prasad Sinha.",
"title": "Satyendra Prasanna Sinha, 1st Baron Sinha"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Foreign and Commonwealth Office of United Kingdom recognises a Middle East and North Africa region, but not a Near East. Their original Middle East consumed the Near East as far as the Red Sea, ceded India to the Asia and Oceania region, and went into partnership with North Africa as far as the Atlantic.",
"title": "Near East"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "A continent is one of several very large landmasses of the world. Generally identified by convention rather than any strict criteria, up to seven regions are commonly regarded as continents. Ordered from largest in size to smallest, they are: Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia.",
"title": "Continent"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Fold mountains form when two tectonic plates move towards each other at a convergent plate boundary. Fold mountains form from sedimentary rocks that accumulate along the margins of continents. When plates and the continents riding on them collide, the accumulated layers of rock may crumple and fold like a tablecloth that is pushed across a table, particularly if there is a mechanically weak layer such as salt. They are also present in south africa, in many regions of the Western cape province.",
"title": "Fold mountains"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Africa is the world's second - largest and second-most - populous continent (the first being Asia). At about 30.3 million km (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of its total land area. With 1.2 billion people as of 2016, it accounts for about 16% of the world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, both the Suez Canal and the Red Sea along the Sinai Peninsula to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos. It contains 54 fully recognised sovereign states (countries), nine territories and two de facto independent states with limited or no recognition.",
"title": "Africa"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ancient rock paintings in Somalia which date back to 5000 years have been found in the northern part of the country, depicting early life in the territory. The most famous of these is the Laas Geel complex, which contains some of the earliest known rock art on the African continent and features many elaborate pastoralist sketches of animal and human figures. In other places, such as the northern Dhambalin region, a depiction of a man on a horse is postulated as being one of the earliest known examples of a mounted huntsman.",
"title": "Somalis"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Son of the prominent lawyer Hema Henry Basnayake, QC; he was educated at the Royal College, Colombo and graduated with a first class in law from the University of Oxford. After qualifying as a barrister he joined the UN as a Legal Officer in the International Trade Law Branch of the Office of Legal Affairs, eventually becoming its Director. Appointed as a President's Counsel by the government of Sri Lanka, he has served in many committees of the UN.",
"title": "Sinha Basnayake"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Brazil is the largest country in South America, encompassing around half of the continent's land area and population. The remaining countries and territories are divided among three regions: The Andean States, the Guianas and the Southern Cone.",
"title": "South America"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "BULLET::::- Chennai Moffusil Bus Terminus (CMBT), one of Asia's Largest Bus Terminus, is just across the 100 feet Road opposite to Arumbakkam.",
"title": "Arumbakkam"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Chor Ho To Aisa is a 1978 Bollywood film directed by Ravi Tandon. The film stars Shatrughan Sinha, Reena Roy and Bindu .",
"title": "Chor Ho To Aisa"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "the African Group, with 54 member states the Asia - Pacific Group, with 53 member states the Eastern European Group, with 23 member states the Latin American and Caribbean Group (GRULAC), with 33 member states the Western European and Others Group (WEOG), with 28 member states, plus 1 member state (the United States) as an observer state.",
"title": "United Nations Regional Groups"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "While not in Oklahoma City proper, other large employers within the MSA region include: Tinker Air Force Base (27,000); University of Oklahoma (11,900); University of Central Oklahoma (2,900); and Norman Regional Hospital (2,800).",
"title": "Oklahoma City"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "A continent is one of several very large landmasses on Earth. Generally identified by convention rather than any strict criteria, up to seven regions are commonly regarded as continents. Ordered from largest in size to smallest, they are: Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia.",
"title": "Continent"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Lübz is a town in the Ludwigslust-Parchim district, in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany. It is situated on the river Elde, 12 km northeast of Parchim. It is home to the Mecklenburgische Brauerei Lübz, the largest local employer and one of the larger regional breweries.",
"title": "Lübz"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "New Zealand is not part of the continent of Australia, but of the separate, submerged continent of Zealandia. New Zealand and Australia are both part of the Oceanian sub-region known as Australasia, with New Guinea being in Melanesia. The term Oceania is often used to denote the region encompassing the Australian continent and various islands in the Pacific Ocean that are not included in the seven - continent model.",
"title": "Australia (continent)"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "East Africa or Eastern Africa is the easterly region of the African continent, variably defined by geography or geopolitics. In the United Nations Statistics Division scheme of geographic regions, 20 territories constitute Eastern Africa:",
"title": "East Africa"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Population size fluctuates at differing rates in differing regions. Nonetheless, population growth is the long - standing trend on all inhabited continents, as well as in most individual states. During the 20th century, the global population saw its greatest increase in known history, rising from about 1.6 billion in 1900 to over 6 billion in 2000. A number of factors contributed to this increase, including the lessening of the mortality rate in many countries by improved sanitation and medical advances, and a massive increase in agricultural productivity attributed to the Green Revolution.",
"title": "World population"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Amar Shakti is a 1978 Hindi film produced and directed by Harmesh Malhotra. It stars Shashi Kapoor, Shatrughan Sinha, Sulakshana Pandit and Alka.",
"title": "Amar Shakti"
}
],
"question": "Sinha Basnayake's employer recognizes how many countries in the continent where Arumbakkam is located?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Asia",
"id": 101072,
"paragraph_support_idx": 10,
"question": "What is the continent of Arumbakkam?"
},
{
"answer": "UN",
"id": 247266,
"paragraph_support_idx": 8,
"question": "Sinha Basnayake >> employer"
},
{
"answer": "53 member states",
"id": 54090,
"paragraph_support_idx": 12,
"question": "the #2 recognises how many regions in #1"
}
]
} |
2hop__749365_694982 | What is the genre for the composer of Drumming? | opera | [
"opera",
"Opera"
] | {
"answer": "opera",
"answer_aliases": [
"Opera"
],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__749365_694982",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Shoppe was an American country music group from Dallas, Texas, composed of Mark Cathey (vocals), Kevin Bailey (vocals), Roger Ferguson (guitar), Clarke Wilcox (banjo), Mike Caldwell (harmonica), Jack Wilcox (bass), and Lou Chavez (drums).",
"title": "The Shoppe"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Miguel Martínez Domínguez (September 29, 1921 in Celaya, Guanajuato – December 6, 2014 in Mexico City) was a Mexican musician, composer and arranger of mariachi, pioneer in the use of trumpet in this genre.",
"title": "Miguel Martínez Domínguez"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Talvin Singh, OBE (born 1970 in London, England), is a producer and composer and tabla player, known for creating an innovative fusion of Indian classical music and drum and bass. Singh is generally considered involved with an electronica subgenre called Asian Underground, and more recently as Indian and/or Asian electronica.",
"title": "Talvin Singh"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "London was instrumental in the development of punk music, with figures such as the Sex Pistols, The Clash, and Vivienne Westwood all based in the city. More recent artists to emerge from the London music scene include George Michael, Kate Bush, Seal, Siouxsie and the Banshees, Bush, the Spice Girls, Jamiroquai, Blur, The Prodigy, Gorillaz, Mumford & Sons, Coldplay, Amy Winehouse, Adele, Ed Sheeran and One Direction. London is also a centre for urban music. In particular the genres UK garage, drum and bass, dubstep and grime evolved in the city from the foreign genres of hip hop and reggae, alongside local drum and bass. Black music station BBC Radio 1Xtra was set up to support the rise of home-grown urban music both in London and in the rest of the UK.",
"title": "London"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Torgeir Vassvik (born 3 October 1962 in Gamvik, Sápmi) is a Norwegian Sami musician and composer. Vassvik combines Joik with drum and traditional instruments.",
"title": "Torgeir Vassvik"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Drumming is a piece by minimalist composer Steve Reich, dating from 1970–1971. Reich began composition of the work after a short visit to Ghana and observing music and musical ensembles there, especially under the Anlo Ewe master drummer Gideon Alorwoyie. His visit was cut short after contracting malaria. K. Robert Schwarz describes the work as \"minimalism's first masterpiece.\"",
"title": "Drumming (Reich)"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "5th Projekt are a cinematic rock ensemble from Toronto, Ontario, Canada formed in 2003. Primary songwriters and composers are Tara Rice (vocals & guitars), and Sködt D. McNalty (guitars & vocals). Jeremy Oram (drums) and Jean-François Kardinal (bass) joined the band in 2010.",
"title": "5th Projekt"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Basil Kirchin (8 August 1927 – 18 June 2005) was an English drummer and composer. His career spanned from playing drums in his father's big band at the age of 13, through scoring films, to electronic music featuring tape manipulation of the sounds of birds, animals, insects and autistic children\".",
"title": "Basil Kirchin"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Henry James Metcalfe (b. London 1835 - d. Wolverhampton 1906) was a bandmaster, composer and publisher of music for Brass band (British style). He served in Ireland in a Depot Battalion of the 3rd Regiment of Foot, 'The Buffs', becoming bandmaster of its Bugle, Fife and Drum band. Leaving the army in 1857 due to ill-health, he moved to Walsall, Staffs., founded a brass band and began writing music for it. Shortly after, he relocated permanently to Wolverhampton, Staffs., and continued as a bandmaster, composer and publisher of music for such ensembles.",
"title": "Henry James Metcalfe"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Rocket Club is an American country music band composed of Joel Sayles (bass, vocals), Brian Kroening (guitars), Don Smithmier (vocals, keyboards), Chris Hawkey (vocals), Luke Kramer (guitars), and Billy Thommes (drums).",
"title": "Rocket Club"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Carter Anthony Beauford (born November 2, 1957, in Charlottesville, Virginia) is an American drummer, percussionist, and founding member of Dave Matthews Band. He is known for his ability to adapt to a variety of genres, and both his ambidextrous and his open - handed drumming styles. He plays the drums and sings backing vocals in the band. Beauford was ranked number 10 by a Rolling Stone magazine reader's poll in 2010 for greatest drummers of all - time.",
"title": "Carter Beauford"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Vagrants were an American, Long Island-based rock and blue-eyed soul group from the 1960s. The group was composed of Peter Sabatino on vocals, harmonica, and tambourine, Leslie West on vocals and guitar, Larry West on vocals and bass guitar, Jerry Storch (also known as Jay Storch) on organ, and Roger Mansour on drums.",
"title": "The Vagrants"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``Take Me Out to the Ball Game ''Song by Edward Meeker Language English Genre Tin Pan Alley Length 1: 14 Songwriter (s) Composer: Albert Von Tilzer Lyricist: Jack Norworth",
"title": "Take Me Out to the Ball Game"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Zane Banks (born 1986) is an Australian guitarist from Sydney, who plays both classical and electric guitars in a variety of musical genres. Banks premiered the 1-hour long solo electric guitar work, \"Ingwe\", by composer Georges Lentz.",
"title": "Zane Banks"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Future Pigeon is an American punk/dub band from Los Angeles, California, contemporary to the late 1990s and early 2000s. The band is composed of Eddie Rucha on bass, Brandon Wells on percussion, Lindsey Glover on drums, Jason Mason on skank guitar, Jeremy Carins on fiddle, Jeff Carins on electric guitar, Slim on trumpet and Liam Philpot on sax.",
"title": "Future Pigeon"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Rock music is a broad genre of popular music that originated as \"rock and roll\" in the United States in the early 1950s, and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later, particularly in the United Kingdom and in the United States. It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, a style which drew heavily on the genres of blues, rhythm and blues, and from country music. Rock music also drew strongly on a number of other genres such as electric blues and folk, and incorporated influences from jazz, classical and other musical styles. Musically, rock has centered on the electric guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass, drums, and one or more singers. Usually, rock is song-based music usually with a 4/4 time signature using a verse–chorus form, but the genre has become extremely diverse. Like pop music, lyrics often stress romantic love but also address a wide variety of other themes that are frequently social or political.",
"title": "Rock music"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Othar \"Otha\" Turner (June 2, 1907 – February 27, 2003) was one of the last well-known fife players in the vanishing American fife and drum blues tradition. His music was also part of the African-American genre known as Hill country blues.",
"title": "Othar Turner"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Cave is a multimedia opera in three acts by Steve Reich to an English libretto by his wife Beryl Korot. It was first performed in 1993 in Vienna by the Steve Reich Ensemble, conducted by Paul Hillier. The title \"The Cave\" refers to The Cave of the Patriarchs in Hebron, where Abraham and Sarah (and several other major religious figures) are buried.",
"title": "The Cave (opera)"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Emily Wells (born November 20, 1981) is an American multi-instrumentalist, vocalist, composer, arranger, and producer whose genres encompass alternative, experimental, and classical. While initially known for playing violin, she performs with diverse instruments in her work, including cellos, viola, and analog synthesizers. During her live performances she often samples live \"using a series of live loops, sample pads and acoustic drums to make rich and haunting neo-gospel with layers of strings and vocal harmonies\"; her most recent album features \"dramatic, meticulous and gothic song\".",
"title": "Emily Wells"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Leslie Pintchik is an American jazz pianist and composer. She currently leads a trio with Scott Hardy on bass and Michael Sarin on drums.",
"title": "Leslie Pintchik"
}
],
"question": "What is the genre for the composer of Drumming?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Steve Reich",
"id": 749365,
"paragraph_support_idx": 5,
"question": "Drumming >> composer"
},
{
"answer": "opera",
"id": 694982,
"paragraph_support_idx": 17,
"question": "#1 >> genre"
}
]
} |
2hop__518840_565667 | What shares a border with Artur Mahraun's birthplace? | Schwalm-Eder-Kreis | [
"Schwalm-Eder-Kreis"
] | {
"answer": "Schwalm-Eder-Kreis",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__518840_565667",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Hübl Peak () is a peak west of Stolze Peak on Arctowski Peninsula, on the west coast of Graham Land, Antarctica. It was mapped by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey from photos taken by Hunting Aerosurveys Ltd in 1956–57, and was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1960 for Artur Freiherr von Hübl (1853–1932), an Austrian surveyor who was head of the topographic section of the Militärgeographisches Institut, Vienna, and in 1894 designed a stereocomparator which was developed independently by Dr. Carl Pulfrich in 1901.",
"title": "Hübl Peak"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Artur Aghasyan (Armenian:Արթուր Աղասյան, born 24 June 1987 in Yerevan) is an Armenian footballer currently playing for Ventura County Fusion in the USL Premier Development League.",
"title": "Artur Aghasyan"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Artur Nogueira is a city in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. It is part of the Metropolitan Region of Campinas. The population is 50,246 (2015 est.) in an area of 178.03 km². The elevation is 595 m.",
"title": "Artur Nogueira"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Artur Amirov (born April 3, 1992) is a Russian professional ice hockey player who currently plays for Metallurg Novokuznetsk in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL).",
"title": "Artur Amirov"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Born in Bagé, Brazil, Artur Cimirro started his musical studies in 1995 with the acoustic guitar and in 2001 dedicated himself only to the piano. Cimirro had classes with Leandro Menezes Faber and attended several Master-Classes of different pianists.",
"title": "Artur Cimirro"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Team Number of wins Notes Most recent Western Province 34 Four shared 2017 Northern Transvaal / Blue Bulls 23 Four shared 2009 Transvaal / Gauteng Lions / Golden Lions 11 One shared 2015 Natal / Sharks 7 2013 Orange Free State / Free State Cheetahs 5 One shared 2016 Griqualand West / Griquas 1970 Border / Border Bulldogs Two shared 1934",
"title": "Currie Cup"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Latvia ( or ; , ), officially the Republic of Latvia (, ), is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. Since its independence, Latvia has been referred to as one of the Baltic states. It is bordered by Estonia to the north, Lithuania to the south, Russia to the east, and Belarus to the southeast, and shares a maritime border with Sweden to the west. Latvia has 1,957,200 inhabitants and a territory of . The country has a temperate seasonal climate.",
"title": "Latvia"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Shakadza is a village in Mutale Local Municipality in Vhembe District Municipality in the Limpopo province of South Africa. Shakadza shares borders with neighboring villages \"Muswodi\", \"Mukovhawabale\", \"Tshokotshoko\", \"Gundani,\" and \"Tshamutora\". The village is divided into four parts: Mavhuvhuni, Tshivhambe, Thondoni 1 and Thondoni 2.",
"title": "Shakadza"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Born the son of a privy councillor in Kassel, Mahraun became a career soldier with the Prussian Army when he enlisted in the Prussian Infantry Regiment No. 83 in 1908. He served with distinction on the Eastern Front during First World War.",
"title": "Artur Mahraun"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Secret of Bombay (German: Das Geheimnis von Bombay) is a 1921 German silent adventure film directed by Artur Holz and starring Conrad Veidt, Lil Dagover and Hermann Böttcher. It premiered at the Marmorhaus in Berlin on 6 January 1921.",
"title": "The Secret of Bombay"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "India (IAST: Bhārat), also known as the Republic of India (IAST: Bhārat Gaṇarājya), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh - largest country by area, the second-most populous country (with over 1.2 billion people), and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the northeast; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives, while its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia.",
"title": "India"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Artur Vaz gained 3 caps for Portugal and made his debut 21 November 1953 in Lisbon against South Africa in a 3-1 win.",
"title": "Artur Vaz"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Artur Mahraun (30 December 1890 – 29 March 1950) was the founder and leader of the Young German Order (\"Jungdeutscher Orden\" or Jungdo) and an early contender for the leadership of the far right youth in Weimar Germany.",
"title": "Artur Mahraun"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Therese Schnabel (née Behr; September 14, 1876 – January 30, 1959) was a German contralto. She was best known for her interpretations of Lieder. She married pianist Artur Schnabel in 1905.",
"title": "Therese Schnabel"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Kingdom of Gera (1835 – 1887) was one of the kingdoms in the Gibe region of Ethiopia that emerged in the late 19th century. It shared its northern border with the Kingdom of Gumma, its eastern border with the Kingdom of Gomma, and was separated from the Kingdom of Kaffa to the south by the Gojeb River. With its capital at Chala (Cira), the Gera kingdom's territory corresponds approximately with the modern woreda of Gera.",
"title": "Kingdom of Gera"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Hansapur is a Village Development Committee in Pyuthan, a \"Middle Hills\" district of Rapti Zone, western Nepal. The village lies to the north east of the district sharing its border mainly to Aargakhanchi. The area is mostly inhabited by Bhramins and other castes too. The village or VDC is prominently a developing area in the district with proper facilities of electricity and communication. The place is well established for ginger (Aduwa) and bee honey (Maha; local).",
"title": "Hansapur, Rapti"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "It is based on the true story of the Czechoslovak communist committed leftist Artur London, a defendant in the Slánský trial. Gavras did not intend the film as an anti-communist film but as a plea against totalitarianism and particularly Stalinism.",
"title": "The Confession (1970 film)"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The city shares a 15-mile (24 km) border with Mexico that includes two border crossings. San Diego hosts the busiest international border crossing in the world, in the San Ysidro neighborhood at the San Ysidro Port of Entry. A second, primarily commercial border crossing operates in the Otay Mesa area; it is the largest commercial crossing on the California-Baja California border and handles the third-highest volume of trucks and dollar value of trade among all United States-Mexico land crossings.",
"title": "San Diego"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Presidente Bernardes is a municipality in the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil. The population is 5,594 (2015 est.) in an area of 237 km². The elevation is 591 m. Presidente Bernardes is named after President Artur da Silva Bernardes.",
"title": "Presidente Bernardes, Minas Gerais"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Stellbergsee is a lake in Söhre, Landkreis Kassel and Schwalm-Eder-Kreis, Hesse, Germany. At an elevation of 356 m, its surface area is 0.014 km².",
"title": "Stellbergsee"
}
],
"question": "What shares a border with Artur Mahraun's birthplace?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Kassel",
"id": 518840,
"paragraph_support_idx": 8,
"question": "Artur Mahraun >> place of birth"
},
{
"answer": "Schwalm-Eder-Kreis",
"id": 565667,
"paragraph_support_idx": 19,
"question": "#1 >> shares border with"
}
]
} |
2hop__65929_82827 | When did the singer singing I will always love you in the movie the bodyguard record the greatest love of all? | 1985 | [
"1985"
] | {
"answer": "1985",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__65929_82827",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``Love Is a Battlefield ''is a song performed by Pat Benatar, and written by Holly Knight and Mike Chapman. It was released in September 1983 as a single from Benatar's live album Live from Earth, though the song itself was a studio recording. The song was ranked at number 30 in VH1's list of the 100 Greatest Songs of the 1980s.`` Love is a Battlefield'' went on to sell over a million records.",
"title": "Love Is a Battlefield"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "``The Greatest Love of All ''is a song written by composers Michael Masser (music) and Linda Creed (lyrics). It was originally recorded in 1977 by American singer and guitarist George Benson, who made the song a substantial hit, peaking at number 2 on the R&B chart that year, the first R&B chart Top Ten hit for Arista Records. The song was written and recorded to be the main theme of the 1977 film The Greatest, a biopic of the boxer Muhammad Ali. Eight years after Benson's original recording, the song became even more well known for a version by Whitney Houston, whose 1985 cover (with the slightly amended title`` Greatest Love of All'') eventually topped the charts, peaking at number 1 in Australia, Canada, U.S. and on the R&B chart in 1986.",
"title": "The Greatest Love of All"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``Endless Love ''is a song written by Lionel Richie and originally recorded as a duet between Richie and fellow soul singer Diana Ross. In this ballad, the singers declare their`` endless love'' for one another. It was covered by soul singer Luther Vandross with R&B singer Mariah Carey and also by country music singer Shania Twain. Richie's friend (and sometimes co-worker) Kenny Rogers has also recorded the song. Billboard has named the original version as the greatest song duet of all - time.",
"title": "Endless Love (song)"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Live, Laugh, Love is country music singer Clay Walker's fifth album. It was released August 24, 1999, on Giant Records. The album was certified gold by the RIAA and reached #55 on the \"Billboard\" album charts. \"She's Always Right\", the title track, \"The Chain of Love\" and \"Once in a Lifetime\" were all released as singles, reaching #16, #11, #3 and #50, respectively, on the Hot Country Songs charts. In addition, Walker's rendition of the Earl Thomas Conley single \"Holding Her and Loving You\" charted from unsolicited airplay received prior to the album's release.",
"title": "Live, Laugh, Love"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1992, R&B singer Whitney Houston recorded a new arrangement of ``I Will Always Love You ''for the soundtrack to The Bodyguard, her film debut. The song has a saxophone solo by Kirk Whalum. She was originally to record Jimmy Ruffin's`` What Becomes of the Brokenhearted'' as the lead single from The Bodyguard. However, when it was discovered the song was to be used for Fried Green Tomatoes, Houston requested a different song. It was her co-star Kevin Costner who suggested ``I Will Always Love You '', playing her Linda Ronstadt's 1975 version from her album Prisoner in Disguise. Producer David Foster re-arranged the song as a soul ballad. Her record company did not feel a song with an a cappella introduction would be as successful; however, Houston and Costner insisted on retaining it. When Parton heard that Houston was using Ronstadt's recording as a template, she called Foster to give him the final verse, which was missing from the Ronstadt recording, as she felt it was important to the song. The tenor saxophone solo was played by Kirk Whalum. Whitney Houston's recording is not the only version of the song featured in the movie. In a scene where she dances with Kevin Costner, a version by John Doe can be heard playing on a jukebox.",
"title": "I Will Always Love You"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``This Guy's in Love with You ''is a song written by Burt Bacharach and Hal David, and recorded by Herb Alpert. Although known primarily for his trumpet playing as the leader of the Tijuana Brass, Alpert sang lead vocals on this solo recording, arranged by Bacharach.",
"title": "This Guy's in Love with You"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Parton's version of ``I Will Always Love You ''was a commercial success. It reached number one on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart twice. It first reached number one in June 1974, and then in October 1982, with her re-recording on the soundtrack of the movie version of The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas, making Parton the first singer ever to achieve the number one position twice with the same song. Whitney Houston recorded her version of the song for the 1992 film The Bodyguard. Her single spent 14 weeks at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 chart making it one of the best - selling singles of all time. It also holds the record for being the best - selling single by a woman in music history. Houston's version of`` I Will Always Love You'' re-entered the charts in 2012 after her death, making it the second single ever to reach the top three on the Billboard Hot 100 in separate chart runs. The song has been recorded by many other significant artists including Linda Ronstadt and John Doe.",
"title": "I Will Always Love You"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "I've Always Loved You is a 1946 American Technicolor drama film produced and directed by Frank Borzage and written by Borden Chase. The film stars Philip Dorn, Catherine McLeod, William Carter, Maria Ouspenskaya, Felix Bressart and Elizabeth Patterson. Rare for a film produced by Republic Pictures, \"I've Always Loved You\" is a high-budget prestige production with an A-list director in Borzage.",
"title": "I've Always Loved You"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"Embrace the Curse\" was re-released on June 24, 2008 due to the band signing a record deal with Glassnote Records. Some minor changes were made to the album, including changing the name of \"Always Something\" to \"It's Always Better\" and adding the band's third single, \"I'm in Love With a Sociopath\".",
"title": "Embrace the Curse"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``How Will I Know ''Single by Whitney Houston from the album Whitney Houston B - side`` Someone for Me'' ``Saving All My Love for You ''Released November 22, 1985 (1985 - 11 - 22) Format 7'' 12 ''cassette single CD single Recorded 1984 Genre Dance - pop R&B Length 4: 33 (album version) 4: 10 (7'' version) 6: 35 (dance remix) Label Arista Songwriter (s) George Merrill Shannon Rubicam Narada Michael Walden Producer (s) Narada Michael Walden Whitney Houston singles chronology`` Saving All My Love for You ''(1985) ``How Will I Know'' (1985)`` The Greatest Love of All ''(1986) ``Saving All My Love for You'' (1985)`` How Will I Know ''(1986) ``The Greatest Love of All'' (1986) Whitney Houston track listing`` Nobody Loves Me Like You Do ''(5) ``How Will I Know'' (6)`` All at Once ''(7) Music video ``How Will I Know'' on YouTube",
"title": "How Will I Know"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1992, R&B singer Whitney Houston recorded a new arrangement of ``I Will Always Love You ''for the soundtrack to The Bodyguard, her film debut. She was originally to record Jimmy Ruffin's`` What Becomes of the Brokenhearted'' as the lead single from The Bodyguard. However, when it was discovered the song was to be used for Fried Green Tomatoes, Houston requested a different song. It was her co-star Kevin Costner who suggested ``I Will Always Love You '', playing her Linda Ronstadt's 1975 version from her album Prisoner in Disguise. Producer David Foster re-arranged the song as an R&B ballad. Her record company did not feel a song with an a cappella introduction would be as successful; however, Houston and Costner insisted on retaining it. When Parton heard that Houston was using Ronstadt's recording as a template, she called Foster to give him the final verse, which was missing from the Ronstadt recording, as she felt it was important to the song. The tenor saxophone solo was played by Kirk Whalum. Whitney Houston's recording is not the only version of the song featured in the movie. In a scene where she dances with Kevin Costner, a version by John Doe can be heard playing on a jukebox.",
"title": "I Will Always Love You"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1992, R&B singer Whitney Houston recorded a new arrangement of ``I Will Always Love You ''for the soundtrack to The Bodyguard, her film debut. She was originally to record Jimmy Ruffin's`` What Becomes of the Brokenhearted'' as the lead single from The Bodyguard. However, when it was discovered the song was to be used for Fried Green Tomatoes, Houston requested a different song. It was her co-star Kevin Costner who suggested ``I Will Always Love You '', playing her Linda Ronstadt's 1975 version from her album Prisoner in Disguise. Producer David Foster re-arranged the song as a soul ballad. Her record company did not feel a song with an a cappella introduction would be as successful; however, Houston and Costner insisted on retaining it. When Parton heard that Houston was using Ronstadt's recording as a template, she called Foster to give him the final verse, which was missing from the Ronstadt recording, as she felt it was important to the song. The tenor saxophone solo was played by Kirk Whalum. Whitney Houston's recording is not the only version of the song featured in the movie. In a scene where she dances with Kevin Costner, a version by John Doe can be heard playing on a jukebox.",
"title": "I Will Always Love You"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me) ''Single by Whitney Houston from the album Whitney B - side`` Moment of Truth'' Released May 2, 1987 (1987 - 05 - 02) Format CD single cassette single 7 ''single 12'' single Recorded October 1986 Genre Dance - pop R&B Length 4: 50 (album version) 8: 33 (12 ''remix) Label Arista Songwriter (s) George Merrill Shannon Rubicam Producer (s) Narada Michael Walden Whitney Houston singles chronology ``The Greatest Love of All'' (1986)`` I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me) ''(1987) ``Did n't We Almost Have It All'' (1987)`` The Greatest Love of All ''(1986) ``I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me)'' (1987)`` Did n't We Almost Have It All ''(1987) Whitney track listing ``I Wanna Dance With Somebody'' (1)`` Just the Lonely Talking Again ''(2) Music video ``I Wanna Dance With Somebody (Who Loves Me)'' on YouTube",
"title": "I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me)"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Aretha's Gold is a greatest hits album by Aretha Franklin, released in 1969 at Atlantic Recording Corporation. The album's tracks were recorded at Atlantic Studios, New York City, except \"I Never Loved a Man (The Way I Love You)\" and \"Do Right Woman, Do Right Man\", which were recorded at the Fame Recording Studios, Muscle Shoals, Alabama.",
"title": "Aretha's Gold"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "On is the third album by indie rock band Imperial Teen. It is the follow-up to their second full-length record \"What is Not to Love\" (1998), and was released in the U.S. on April 9, 2002 from Merge Records. On March 30, 2009 Amazon.com selected it as the 43rd greatest indie rock album of all time.",
"title": "On (Imperial Teen album)"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Love Is Always Seventeen is the sixth solo album by David Gates of Bread. It came after a 13-year break from recording. The album was released in 1994.",
"title": "Love Is Always Seventeen"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``Hymne à l'amour ''was translated into English by Piaf's protégé Eddie Constantine as`` Hymn to Love'', which was recorded by Piaf on her album La Vie En Rose / Édith Piaf Sings In English (1956). This version was featured on Cyndi Lauper's 2003 album At Last. It was also adapted into English as ``If You Love Me (Really Love Me) ''with lyrics by Geoffrey Parsons. Piaf then sang this version in Carnegie Hall at both of her performances in 1956 and 1957. Subsequent covers by Kay Starr in 1954, Shirley Bassey in 1959 and Brenda Lee in 1961 brought fame to this version. Raquel Bitton features`` Hymn to Love'' in her tribute to Piaf 2000.",
"title": "Hymne à l'amour"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"Juliette & Jonathan\" is a 1996 Swedish language pop song that Lotta Engberg sang when she competed in the Swedish Melodifestivalen 1996, and finished 3rd. The song was written by Monica Forsberg and Torgny Söderberg. Even Lena Philipsson has recorded this song, and she released it on her 2006 album \"Lady Star\". At first, it was thought that Lena Philipsson should sing this song at Melodifestivalen 1996. \"Juliette & Jonathan\" is a song whose text is about love, but has an anti-racist theme. The song text is about Juliette and Jonathan, two people from different backgrounds who fall in love with each other. According to the song text, love doesn't know any borders or color of skin.",
"title": "Juliette & Jonathan"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``One Moment in Time ''is a song by American singer Whitney Houston and written by Albert Hammond and John Bettis, produced by Narada Michael Walden for the 1988 Summer Olympics held in Seoul, South Korea. The song was Houston's third number one in the UK Singles Chart, and reached number five on the US Billboard Hot 100. The song was later included on the second disc of her first greatest hits Whitney: The Greatest Hits and also on The Ultimate Collection and on the second disc of I Will Always Love You: The Best of Whitney Houston.",
"title": "One Moment in Time"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"Days of Our Livez\" is a single by Bone Thugs-n-Harmony. The instrumental is primarily based on \"Tender Love\" by Force MDs and \"Making Love in the Rain\" by Herb Alpert. It was released on the soundtrack to the movie \"Set It Off\" and is played in the film. The song also appears on the group's 1998 compilation album \"The Collection Volume One\" and Bone's greatest hits album. The song was a success by peaking at #20 on the Billboard Hot 100,#10 on the R&B/Hip Hop Singles and Tracks, It also reached number 53 on the UK Singles Chart, and was later certified Gold by the RIAA. It is also considered by many fans to be an underrated classic and one of Bone's greatest hits with its slow, melodic tone similar to that of \"Tha Crossroads\".",
"title": "Days of Our Livez"
}
],
"question": "When did the singer singing I will always love you in the movie the bodyguard record the greatest love of all?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Whitney Houston",
"id": 65929,
"paragraph_support_idx": 6,
"question": "who sang i will always love you in the movie the bodyguard"
},
{
"answer": "1985",
"id": 82827,
"paragraph_support_idx": 1,
"question": "when did #1 record the greatest love of all"
}
]
} |
2hop__672308_81633 | Who is We Belong Together by the lyricist of Fly Like a Bird about? | Tommy Mottola | [
"Tommy Mottola"
] | {
"answer": "Tommy Mottola",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__672308_81633",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Oberhosenbach is an \"Ortsgemeinde\" – a municipality belonging to a \"Verbandsgemeinde\", a kind of collective municipality – in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the \"Verbandsgemeinde\" of Herrstein, whose seat is in the like-named municipality.",
"title": "Oberhosenbach"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Bird migration is not limited to birds that can fly. Most species of penguin (Spheniscidae) migrate by swimming. These routes can cover over 1,000 km (620 mi). Dusky grouse Dendragapus obscurus perform altitudinal migration mostly by walking. Emus Dromaius novaehollandiae in Australia have been observed to undertake long-distance movements on foot during droughts.",
"title": "Bird migration"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "It was not until the end of the eighteenth century that migration as an explanation for the winter disappearance of birds from northern climes was accepted. Thomas Bewick's A History of British Birds (Volume 1, 1797) mentions a report from \"a very intelligent master of a vessel\" who, \"between the islands of Minorca and Majorca, saw great numbers of Swallows flying northward\", and states the situation in Britain as follows:",
"title": "Bird migration"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``I'm Like a Bird ''Single by Nelly Furtado from the album Whoa, Nelly! B - side`` I Feel You'' ``Party (Reprise) ''`` My Love Grows Deeper'' Released October 24, 2000 (2000 - 10 - 24) Format CD single Recorded 1999 Genre Pop folk R&B Length 4: 03 Label DreamWorks Songwriter (s) Nelly Furtado Producer (s) Gerald Eaton Brian West Nelly Furtado singles chronology ``I'm Like a Bird ''(2000)`` Turn Off the Light'' (2001) ``I'm Like a Bird ''(2000)`` Turn Off the Light'' (2001) Alternative cover European cover Audio sample file help Music video ``I'm Like a Bird ''on YouTube",
"title": "I'm Like a Bird"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Oberkirn is an \"Ortsgemeinde\" – a municipality belonging to a \"Verbandsgemeinde\", a kind of collective municipality – in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the \"Verbandsgemeinde\" of Rhaunen, whose seat is in the like-named municipality.",
"title": "Oberkirn"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Kötterichen is an \"Ortsgemeinde\" – a municipality belonging to a \"Verbandsgemeinde\", a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the \"Verbandsgemeinde\" of Kelberg, whose seat is in the like-named municipality.",
"title": "Kötterichen"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Gillenfeld is an \"Ortsgemeinde\" – a municipality belonging to a \"Verbandsgemeinde\", a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the \"Verbandsgemeinde\" of Daun, whose seat is in the like-named town.",
"title": "Gillenfeld"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "\"Fly Like a Bird\" is a song by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey, first released on February 13, 2006 by Island Records as the sixth single from her tenth studio album, \"The Emancipation of Mimi\" (2005). Written and produced by Carey and James \"Big Jim\" Wright, the song is influenced by Gospel, soul, and R&B music genres. Its arrangement is built on piano chords and guitar melodies, and features Carey's pastor Clarence Keaton, who recites two Biblical verses during the song's introduction and bridge. Carey described \"Fly Like a Bird\" as the most personal and religious track from \"The Emancipation of Mimi\", with its lyrics featuring a veritable prayer to God: \"Fly like a bird, take to the sky, I need you now Lord, carry me high!\".",
"title": "Fly Like a Bird"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``The Birds and the Bees ''was a 1964 single release by Jewel Akens with a lyric based on the`` birds and the bees'' idiom commonly referenced with regard to affording young people their introductory sex education. An international hit in 1965, ``The Birds and the Bees ''was reminiscent of such 1950s' honky tonk - style hits as`` Blueberry Hill'' by Fats Domino and ``Kansas City ''by Wilbert Harrison.",
"title": "The Birds and the Bees (Jewel Akens song)"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Dambach is an \"Ortsgemeinde\" – a municipality belonging to a \"Verbandsgemeinde\", a kind of collective municipality – in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the \"Verbandsgemeinde\" of Birkenfeld, whose seat is in the like-named town.",
"title": "Dambach, Germany"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Many, if not most, birds migrate in flocks. For larger birds, flying in flocks reduces the energy cost. Geese in a V-formation may conserve 12–20% of the energy they would need to fly alone. Red knots Calidris canutus and dunlins Calidris alpina were found in radar studies to fly 5 km/h (3.1 mph) faster in flocks than when they were flying alone.",
"title": "Bird migration"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Pelm is an \"Ortsgemeinde\" – a municipality belonging to a \"Verbandsgemeinde\", a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the \"Verbandsgemeinde\" of Gerolstein, whose seat is in the like-named town.",
"title": "Pelm"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Niederstadtfeld is an \"Ortsgemeinde\" – a municipality belonging to a \"Verbandsgemeinde\", a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the \"Verbandsgemeinde\" of Daun, whose seat is in the like-named town.",
"title": "Niederstadtfeld"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Dienstweiler is an \"Ortsgemeinde\" – a municipality belonging to a \"Verbandsgemeinde\", a kind of collective municipality – in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the \"Verbandsgemeinde\" of Birkenfeld, whose seat is in the like-named town.",
"title": "Dienstweiler"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The song's music video was filmed as a two - part story with ``It's Like That '', which featured Carey at her bachelorette party. The video for`` We Belong Together'' is a continuation focusing on Carey's wedding to an older and powerful man and ends with the singer eloping with her ex-lover. Rumors arose of the video's connection to her 1993 marriage to Tommy Mottola. Carey performed the song on several award shows and television appearances around the world, namely MTV Movie Awards, MTV Video Music Awards, Macy's Fourth of July Parade, The Oprah Winfrey Show and the 48th Grammy Awards. In Europe the song was performed at the Live 8 charity concert, the Fashion Rocks in Monaco, and the German Bambi Awards. Carey performed the song on both her Adventures of Mimi and Angels Advocate Tours.",
"title": "We Belong Together"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Oberreidenbach is an \"Ortsgemeinde\" – a municipality belonging to a \"Verbandsgemeinde\", a kind of collective municipality – in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the \"Verbandsgemeinde\" of Herrstein, whose seat is in the like-named municipality.",
"title": "Oberreidenbach"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Migrating birds can lose their way and appear outside their normal ranges. This can be due to flying past their destinations as in the \"spring overshoot\" in which birds returning to their breeding areas overshoot and end up further north than intended. Certain areas, because of their location, have become famous as watchpoints for such birds. Examples are the Point Pelee National Park in Canada, and Spurn in England.",
"title": "Bird migration"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Kopp is an \"Ortsgemeinde\" – a municipality belonging to a \"Verbandsgemeinde\", a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the \"Verbandsgemeinde\" of Gerolstein, whose seat is in the like-named town.",
"title": "Kopp, Germany"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Höchstberg is an \"Ortsgemeinde\" – a municipality belonging to a \"Verbandsgemeinde\", a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the \"Verbandsgemeinde\" of Kelberg, whose seat is in the like-named municipality.",
"title": "Höchstberg"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``May the Bird of Paradise Fly Up Your Nose ''Single by Little Jimmy Dickens from the album May the Bird of Paradise Fly Up Your Nose B - side`` My Eyes Are Jealous'' Released September 7, 1965 Format 7 ''single Genre Country Length 2: 28 Label Columbia Songwriter (s) Neal Merritt Producer (s) Don Law Frank Jones Little Jimmy Dickens singles chronology ``He Stands Real Tall'' (1965)`` May the Bird of Paradise Fly Up Your Nose ''(1965) ``When the Ship Hit the Sand'' (1966)`` He Stands Real Tall ''(1965) ``May the Bird of Paradise Fly Up Your Nose'' (1965)`` When the Ship Hit the Sand ''(1966)",
"title": "May the Bird of Paradise Fly up Your Nose"
}
],
"question": "Who is We Belong Together by the lyricist of Fly Like a Bird about?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Mariah Carey",
"id": 672308,
"paragraph_support_idx": 7,
"question": "Fly Like a Bird >> lyrics by"
},
{
"answer": "Tommy Mottola",
"id": 81633,
"paragraph_support_idx": 14,
"question": "who is we belong together by #1 about"
}
]
} |
2hop__797890_159106 | What year did the unification of the country Banir is located happen? | 1963 | [
"1963"
] | {
"answer": "1963",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__797890_159106",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Royden Dickey Lipscomb (born September 21, 1936), known professionally as Dickey Lee (sometimes misspelled Dickie Lee or Dicky Lee), is an American pop / country singer and songwriter, best known for the 1960s teenage tragedy songs ``Patches ''and`` Laurie (Strange Things Happen).''",
"title": "Dickey Lee"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Azem Bejta (1889–1924), commonly known as Azem Galica, was an Albanian nationalist and rebel who fought for the unification of Kosovo with Albania.",
"title": "Azem Galica"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Ducasse de Mons or Doudou is a popular festival that happens every year on Trinity Sunday (57 days after Easter) in the town of Mons in Belgium. It is recognised as one of the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity since November 2005.",
"title": "Ducasse de Mons"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The time spans of chrons are randomly distributed with most being between 0.1 and 1 million years with an average of 450,000 years. Most reversals are estimated to take between 1,000 and 10,000 years. The latest one, the Brunhes -- Matuyama reversal, occurred 780,000 years ago, and may have happened very quickly, within a human lifetime.",
"title": "Geomagnetic reversal"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Cross-Country Romance is a 1940 American romantic comedy film starring Gene Raymond and Wendy Barrie. With the huge success of \"It Happened One Night\", the 1934 American romantic comedy film directed by Frank Capra and starring Claudette Colbert and Clark Gable, every studio in Hollywood attempted to cash in with a similar storyline. In addition to this film, there was also \"Love on the Run\" (1936) from MGM, \"The Bride Came C.O.D.\" (1941) by Warner Bros.; even Columbia Pictures, which had made \"It Happened One Night\", produced the musical remake \"Eve Knew Her Apples\" (1945).",
"title": "Cross-Country Romance"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Khalifa Bin Yousef was a statesman who played a significant role in the unification of The United Arab Emirates and in the economic and political life of the time in the Persian Gulf.",
"title": "Khalifa Bin Yousef"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "During the following years Northumbria repeatedly changed hands between the English kings and the Norwegian invaders, but was definitively brought under English control by Eadred in 954, completing the unification of England. At about this time, Lothian, the northern part of Northumbria (Roman Bernicia), was ceded to the Kingdom of Scotland. On 12 July 927 the monarchs of Britain gathered at Eamont in Cumbria to recognise Æthelstan as king of the English. This can be considered England's' foundation date ', although the process of unification had taken almost 100 years.",
"title": "Kingdom of England"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "What Happened Don't Lie is the debut album from Melbourne band Offcutts. It is the first full-length release following seven EPs over five years.",
"title": "What Happened Don't Lie"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Banir is a small town in Kinta district, Perak, Malaysia. It is located along railway line between Ipoh and Tapah Road.",
"title": "Banir"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"A Woman in Love\" is a song written by Curtis Wright and Doug Millett, and recorded by American country music singer Ronnie Milsap. It was released in September 1989 as the third single from the album \"Stranger Things Have Happened\". It was his last song to reach number one on the U.S. country singles chart.",
"title": "A Woman in Love (Ronnie Milsap song)"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "What Ever Happened to Baby Toto? () is a 1964 Italian black comedy film written and directed by Ottavio Alessi. It is a parody of Robert Aldrich's \"What Ever Happened to Baby Jane?\".",
"title": "What Ever Happened to Baby Toto?"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Carlton Sherwood, the producer of \"Stolen Honor\" is a Vietnam War veteran who won a Pulitzer Prize in 1980 for his work for the Gannett News Service. His appointments to several positions by Republican politicians has been cited as evidence of partisan bias and his journalism has been criticized. In 1983 he was responsible for a four-part series on a Washington DC television station which charged the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund with misspending—if not stealing—donated money. The following year, after a GAO audit and threats of a lawsuit, the station broadcast a retraction. \"Inquisition\", his investigation of the 1982 tax fraud prosecution of the Reverend Sun Myung Moon (leader of the Unification Church) was published in 1991. The following year the PBS documentary series \"Frontline\" reported that James Gavin, an aide to Moon, had reviewed the \"overall tone and factual contents\" of the manuscript and that Sherwood had agreed to his revisions. Sherwood denied that the Unification Church exerted editorial control over the book.",
"title": "Stolen Honor"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Mount Rungwe is a potentially active volcano in the Mbeya Region of the southern highlands of Tanzania. At an altitude of , it is southern Tanzania's second highest peak. Rungwe stands at the junction of the eastern and western arms of the East African Rift. It dominates the mountainous country at the north-west end of the trough that contains Lake Nyasa. The southeastern slopes of these mountains receive up to of rainfall a year, the highest rainfall in Tanzania. The slopes are covered with a belt of tropical montane forest. Above the treeline, at about , there is a belt of heathland. Much of the mountain was listed as a Forest Reserve as early as 1949. The last volcanic eruption probably happened a few hundred years ago.",
"title": "Mount Rungwe"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "With Switzerland joining the Schengen Treaty in March 2009, the air side was rearranged to include a Schengen and non-Schengen zone. As border control is staffed by both Swiss and French border officers, passengers departing to or arriving from non-Schengen countries may receive either a Swiss or French passport stamp, depending on which officer they happen to approach.",
"title": "EuroAirport Basel Mulhouse Freiburg"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Watskeburt?! is a song by the Dutch hip hop group De Jeugd van Tegenwoordig. \"Watskeburt\" is a contraction of the Dutch sentence \"Wat is er gebeurd?\" (\"What happened?\", in the sense of \"What's happening?\"/\"What's up?\").",
"title": "Watskeburt?!"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Giuseppe Sirtori (17 April 1813 – 18 September 1874) was an Italian soldier, patriot and politician who fought in the unification of Italy.",
"title": "Giuseppe Sirtori"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The election result led to a crisis for the POUM as well as for most parties to the left of the PCE, from which it was not able to recover. The POUM continued to exist as a small party with an office in Barcelona and a monthly newspaper, \"La Batalla\", calling for cooperation among the various far-left parties, but an attempted merger with Communist Action and the Collective for Marxist Unification failed during a \"Unification Congress\" in 1978. After this setback, the POUM decided not to participate in the 1979 elections. POUM branches in several cities became part of local coalitions and unification attempts with various far-left groups. In 1980, the POUM made its last electoral efforts, supporting Herri Batasuna in the Basque country and participating in the Left Bloc for National Liberation (BEAN - Unitat Popular) coalition in the Catalan parliamentary election, but the party was disintegrating. \"La Batalla\" ceased publication in May 1980, marking the end of the POUM as an organized party, though it was never officially dissolved. As a last remnant, the Valencia branch remained active until 1981.",
"title": "POUM"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Malaysia has its origins in the Malay kingdoms which, from the 18th century, became subject to the British Empire, along with the British Straits Settlements protectorate. Peninsular Malaysia was unified as the Malayan Union in 1946. Malaya was restructured as the Federation of Malaya in 1948, and achieved independence on 31 August 1957. Malaya united with North Borneo, Sarawak, and Singapore on 16 September 1963 to become Malaysia. In 1965, Singapore was expelled from the federation.The country is multi-ethnic and multi-cultural, which plays a large role in its politics. About half the population is ethnically Malay, with large minorities of Malaysian Chinese, Malaysian Indians, and indigenous peoples. While recognising Islam as the country's established religion, the constitution grants freedom of religion to non-Muslims. The government system is closely modelled on the Westminster parliamentary system and the legal system is based on common law. The head of state is the king, known as the Yang di-Pertuan Agong. He is an elected monarch chosen from the hereditary rulers of the nine Malay states every five years. The head of government is the Prime Minister. The country's official language is Malaysian, a standard form of the Malay language. English remains an active second language.",
"title": "Malaysia"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "John Corrigan \"Jonathan\" Wells (born 1942) is an American biologist, author, and advocate of the pseudoscientific argument of intelligent design. Wells joined the Unification Church in 1974, and subsequently wrote that the teachings of church founder Sun Myung Moon, his own studies at the Unification Theological Seminary and his prayers convinced him to devote his life to \"destroying Darwinism.\" The term \"Darwinism\" is often used by intelligent design proponents and other creationists to refer to the scientific consensus on evolution. He gained a PhD in religious studies at Yale University in 1986, then became Director of the Unification Church’s inter-religious outreach organization in New York City. In 1989, he studied at the University of California, Berkeley, where he earned a PhD in molecular and cellular biology in 1994. He became a member of several scientific associations and has published in academic journals.",
"title": "Jonathan Wells (intelligent design advocate)"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Tug of war was contested as a team event in the Summer Olympics at every Olympiad from 1900 to 1920. Originally the competition was entered by groups called clubs. A country could enter more than one club in the competition, making it possible for one country to earn multiple medals. This happened in 1904, when the United States won all three medals, and in 1908 when the podium was occupied by three British teams. Sweden was also among the top countries with two medals, one as a member of the mixed team.",
"title": "Tug of war at the Summer Olympics"
}
],
"question": "What year did the unification of the country Banir is located happen?",
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{
"answer": "Malaysia",
"id": 797890,
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"question": "Banir >> country"
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{
"answer": "1963",
"id": 159106,
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"question": "In what year did the unification of #1 happen?"
}
]
} |
2hop__144008_208194 | In what county is the birth city of Linda McCarriston? | Essex County | [
"Essex County"
] | {
"answer": "Essex County",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__144008_208194",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Serpukhovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Serpukhov (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 35,173 (2010 Census);",
"title": "Serpukhovsky District"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Administrator of the Small Business Administration of the United States Incumbent Linda McMahon since February 14, 2017 Inaugural holder William D. Mitchell Formation July 30, 1953 Website SBA Administrator",
"title": "Administrator of the Small Business Administration"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.",
"title": "Vilnius County"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.",
"title": "Territory of Papua"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:",
"title": "Biysky District"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Słupsk County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Pomeranian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the Baltic coast. It came into being on 1 January 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Słupsk, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The only towns in Słupsk County are Ustka, a coastal resort north-west of Słupsk, and Kępice, south of Słupsk.",
"title": "Słupsk County"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.",
"title": "Bogotá"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a \"zone d'exploitation contrôlée\" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada.",
"title": "Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Michael A. Costello (born May 5, 1965 in Lynn, Massachusetts) is a former State Representative for the Massachusetts House of Representatives, who represented the first district of Essex County, Massachusetts. Costello graduated from Salem State University in 1989 with a Bachelor of Science, and from Suffolk University Law School with his Juris Doctor in 1996. Costello served in the House from 2003 to 2014.",
"title": "Michael A. Costello"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Podolsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast just south of the federal city of Moscow. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Podolsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 82,488 (2010 Census);",
"title": "Podolsky District"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states.",
"title": "States of Germany"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Linda is a census-designated place (CDP) in Yuba County, California, United States. The population was 17,773 at the 2010 census, up from 13,474 at the 2000 census. Linda is located north-northwest of Olivehurst.",
"title": "Linda, California"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Linda McCarriston (born Lynn, Massachusetts) and holding dual citizenship of Ireland and the United States, is a poet and Professor in the Department of Creative Writing and Literature at the University of Alaska Anchorage, teaching creative writing and literary arts since 1994.",
"title": "Linda McCarriston"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Orenburgsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-five in Orenburg Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center of the oblast. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Orenburg (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 74,404 (2010 Census);",
"title": "Orenburgsky District"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Eastern Bengal and Assam was an administrative subdivision (province) of the British Raj between 1905 and 1912. Headquartered in the city of Dacca, it covered territories in what are now Bangladesh, Northeast India and Northern West Bengal.",
"title": "Eastern Bengal and Assam"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Khmelnytskyi Raion (, ) is one of the 20 administrative raions (a \"district\") of the Khmelnytskyi Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center is located in the city of Khmelnytskyi. Even though the city of Khmelnytskyi is separate from the raion's government, it still serves as its administrative center in addition to its role as that of the Khmelnytskyi Oblast's administrative center. Its population was 53,686 in the 2001 Ukrainian Census and 52,906 .",
"title": "Khmelnytskyi Raion"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:",
"title": "Khabarovsky District"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Henichesk Raion () is one of the 18 administrative raions (districts) of Kherson Oblast in southern Ukraine. Its administrative centre is located in the city of Henichesk. Population:",
"title": "Henichesk Raion"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021.",
"title": "Paea"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Olsztyn Voivodeship () was an administrative division and unit of local government in Poland in the years 1945-75, and a new territorial division between 1975–1998, superseded by Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. Its capital city was Olsztyn.",
"title": "Olsztyn Voivodeship"
}
],
"question": "In what county is the birth city of Linda McCarriston?",
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"answer": "Lynn",
"id": 144008,
"paragraph_support_idx": 12,
"question": "In what city was Linda McCarriston born in?"
},
{
"answer": "Essex County",
"id": 208194,
"paragraph_support_idx": 8,
"question": "#1 >> located in the administrative territorial entity"
}
]
} |
4hop1__319163_106790_158589_16532 | Who ruled one of the home countries of foreigners living in the country where Bengt Lagerberg's band comes from before it was conquered by followers of Muhammad? | Byzantine Empire | [
"Byzantine Empire"
] | {
"answer": "Byzantine Empire",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "4hop1__319163_106790_158589_16532",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "\"Live and Learn\" is a song by the rock group The Cardigans and is the third and final single from the album Long Gone Before Daylight. All music by Peter Svensson, and all lyrics by Nina Persson. The song appears on episode 2 of \"Grey's Anatomy\" Music of Grey's Anatomy, and in a season 9 episode of Scrubs. The song is a straight love song about learning love, her thinking of what her love is worth.",
"title": "Live and Learn (The Cardigans song)"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "A few special additions enhance the language-learning experience. For example, BYU's International Cinema, featuring films in several languages, is the largest and longest-running university-run foreign film program in the country. As already noted, BYU also offers an intensive foreign language living experience, the Foreign Language Student Residence. This is an on-campus apartment complex where students commit to speak only their chosen foreign language while in their apartments. Each apartment has at least one native speaker to ensure correct language usage.",
"title": "Brigham Young University"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Zaire (/ zɑːˈɪər /), officially the Republic of Zaire (French: République du Zaïre; French pronunciation: (za. iʁ)), was the name for the Democratic Republic of the Congo that existed between 1971 and 1997 in Central Africa. The country was a one - party totalitarian dictatorship, run by Mobutu Sese Seko and his ruling Popular Movement of the Revolution party. Zaire was established following Mobutu's seizure of power in a military coup in 1965, following five years of political upheaval following independence known as the Congo Crisis. Zaire had a strongly centralist constitution and foreign assets were nationalised. The period is sometimes referred to as the Second Congolese Republic.",
"title": "Zaire"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "One Good Night Deserves Another is the third studio album by American country music artist Steve Wariner. It was released in 1985 by MCA Records. The album produced three singles, \"What I Didn't Do\", \"Heart Trouble\", and \"Some Fools Never Learn\", which respectively reached #3, #8, and #1 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles chart. \"Some Fools Never Learn\" was number one for one week and spent a total of twenty-two weeks on the chart.",
"title": "One Good Night Deserves Another"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "A foreign direct investment (FDI) is an investment in the form of a controlling ownership in a business in one country by an entity based in another country. It is thus distinguished from a foreign portfolio investment by a notion of direct control.",
"title": "Foreign direct investment"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``That Do n't Impress Me Much ''is a song co-written and recorded by Canadian singer Shania Twain. It was released in December 1998 as the sixth country single from her third studio album, Come On Over (1997). It was third to pop and fourth to international markets. The song was written by Robert John`` Mutt'' Lange and Twain, and was originally released to North American country radio stations in late 1998. It became her third biggest single on the Billboard Hot 100 and remains one of Twain's biggest hits worldwide. ``That Do n't Impress Me Much ''was included in both the Come On Over and Up! Tours. The country version was performed on the Come on Over Tour and the dance version on the Up! Tour.`` That Do n't Impress Me Much'' was named Foreign Hit of the Year at the 2000 Danish Grammy Awards.",
"title": "That Don't Impress Me Much"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ex on the Beach Genre Reality game show Presented by Romeo Miller Country of origin United States Original language (s) English No. of seasons No. of episodes 11 Production Production location (s) Hilo, Hawaii Release Original network MTV Original release April 19, 2018 (2018 - 04 - 19) -- present Chronology Related shows Are You the One? The Bachelor The Bachelorette Bad Girls Club Big Brother The Challenge Vanderpump Rules External links Website",
"title": "Ex on the Beach (American TV series)"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``When The Stars Go Blue ''is a popular alternative country song composed and originally performed by solo artist and former Whiskeytown band member Ryan Adams. It was first released with his album Gold on September 25, 2001. The song has been covered by many artists, notably: Celtic band The Corrs featuring U2's lead singer Bono, country music singer Tim McGraw and Norwegian artists Venke Knutson and Kurt Nilsen as a duo. The song has also been performed live many times by Phil Lesh and Friends.",
"title": "When the Stars Go Blue"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Live Like You Were Dying is the eighth studio album by American country music artist Tim McGraw. It was released on August 24, 2004, by Curb Records and was recorded in a mountaintop studio in upstate New York. It entered the \"Billboard\" 200 chart at number one, with sales of 766,000 copies in its first week. The album was certified 4 x Platinum by the RIAA for shipping four million copies, and was nominated for two Grammies in 2005 for Best Country Vocal Performance Male and Best Country Album, winning for Best Country Vocal Performance. Five singles were released from the album, all were top 15 hits on the Hot Country Songs chart, two of which hit #1.",
"title": "Live Like You Were Dying"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Cardigans are a Swedish rock band formed in Jönköping, Sweden, in 1992 by guitarist Peter Svensson, bassist Magnus Sveningsson, drummer Bengt Lagerberg, keyboardist Lars-Olof Johansson and lead singer Nina Persson. The group's line-up has been very stable, the only change being that their post-hiatus shows since 2012 have been with Oskar Humlebo on guitar instead of Svensson.",
"title": "The Cardigans"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Between 1820 and 1930, approximately 1.3 million Swedes, a third of the country's population at the time, emigrated to North America, and most of them to the United States. There are more than 4.4 million Swedish Americans according to a 2006 US Census Bureau estimate. In Canada, the community of Swedish ancestry is 330,000 strong.There are no official statistics on ethnicity, but according to Statistics Sweden, around 3,193,089 (31.5%) inhabitants of Sweden were of a foreign background in 2017, defined as being born abroad or born in Sweden with at least one parent born abroad. The most common countries of origin were Syria (1.70%), Finland (1.49%), Iraq (1.39%), Poland (0.90%), Iran (0.73%) and Somalia (0.66%). Sweden subsequently has one of the oldest populations in the world, with the average age of 41.1 years.",
"title": "Sweden"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``Friends in Low Places ''is a song performed by American country pop artist Garth Brooks. It was released on August 6, 1990 as the lead single from his album No Fences. The song spent four weeks at number one on the Hot Country Songs, and won both the Academy of Country Music and Country Music Association awards for 1990 Single of the Year.",
"title": "Friends in Low Places"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The economic liberalisation in India refers to the economic liberalisation, initiated in 1991, of the country's economic policies, with the goal of making the economy more market and service - oriented and expanding the role of private and foreign investment. Specific changes include a reduction in import tariffs, deregulation of markets, reduction of taxes, and greater foreign investment. Liberalisation has been credited by its proponents for the high economic growth recorded by the country in the 1990s and 2000s. Its opponents have blamed it for increased poverty, inequality and economic degradation. The overall direction of liberalisation has since remained the same, irrespective of the ruling party, although no party has yet solved a variety of politically difficult issues, such as liberalising labour laws and reducing agricultural subsidies. There exists a lively debate in India as to what made the economic reforms sustainable.",
"title": "Economic liberalisation in India"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Vienna is by far the country's largest city. Graz is second in size, with 265,778 inhabitants, followed by Linz (191,501), Salzburg (145,871), and Innsbruck (122,458). All other cities have fewer than 100,000 inhabitants.",
"title": "Austria"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"Learning How to Bend\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music singer Gary Allan. It was released in March 2008 as the second single from his 2007 album \"Living Hard\". The song peaked at number 13 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs chart. Allan wrote the song with James LeBlanc and Matt Warren.",
"title": "Learning How to Bend"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The series follows Sora and his younger stepsister Shiro, two hikikomori who make up the identity of Blank, an undefeated group of gamers. One day, they are challenged by the god of games to chess and are victorious. As a result, the god summons them to Disboard, a reality which revolves around games. Intent on maintaining their reputation as the undefeated gamers, Sora and Shiro plan to conquer the sixteen ruling species and to usurp the god of games.",
"title": "No Game No Life"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"Your Love's on the Line\" is a song recorded by American country music artist Earl Thomas Conley. The song was written by Conley along with Randy Scruggs, and was released in April 1983 as the lead single from the album, \"Don't Make It Easy for Me\". The song was Earl Thomas Conley's third number one on the country chart. The single went to number one for one week and spent a total of thirteen weeks on the country chart.",
"title": "Your Love's on the Line"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Quran and Muhammad talked about racial equality and justice as in The Farewell Sermon. Tribal and nationalistic differences were discouraged. But after Muhammad's passing, the old tribal differences between the Arabs started to resurface. Following the Roman–Persian Wars and the Byzantine–Sassanid Wars, deep rooted differences between Iraq, formally under the Persian Sassanid Empire, and Syria, formally under the Byzantine Empire, also existed. Each wanted the capital of the newly established Islamic State to be in their area. Previously, the second caliph Umar was very firm on the governors and his spies kept an eye on them. If he felt that a governor or a commander was becoming attracted to wealth, he had him removed from his position.",
"title": "Umayyad Caliphate"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``If I Could Make a Living ''is a song written by Alan Jackson, Keith Stegall and Roger Murrah, and recorded by American country music artist Clay Walker. It was released in September 1994 as the first single and title track from his album of the same name. It was Walker's fifth chart entry, and became his fourth Number One hit on the Billboard country charts in November 1994. It also reached # 21 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 charts, and on the Canadian RPM country charts, it followed Jackson's`` Livin 'on Love'' at Number One.",
"title": "If I Could Make a Living (song)"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "After the fall of Tiwanaku empire, the many Aymara Lake Titicaca were conquered by the Inca empire. Prior to the Spanish conquest, the Andean province of Qullasuyu was a part of the Inca empire, while the northern and eastern lowlands were inhabited by independent nomadic tribes. Spanish conquistadors, arriving from Cuzco and Asunción took control of the region in the 16th century. During most of the Spanish colonial rule, Bolivia was known as Upper Peru and administered by the Royal Audiencia of Charcas. After the first call for independence in 1809, 16 years of war followed before the establishment of the Bolivian Republic, named for the Liberator Simón Bolívar, on August 6, 1825. Since then Bolivia has endured regular periods of political and economic instability, including the loss of various provinces to its neighbors, such as Acre, parts of the Gran Chaco and its Pacific coast, making it a land - locked country.",
"title": "History of Bolivia"
}
],
"question": "Who ruled one of the home countries of foreigners living in the country where Bengt Lagerberg's band comes from before it was conquered by followers of Muhammad?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "The Cardigans",
"id": 319163,
"paragraph_support_idx": 0,
"question": "Live and Learn >> performer"
},
{
"answer": "Sweden",
"id": 106790,
"paragraph_support_idx": 9,
"question": "What country released The #1 ?"
},
{
"answer": "Syria",
"id": 158589,
"paragraph_support_idx": 10,
"question": "What is one country of origin that makes up foreign inhabitants of #2 ?"
},
{
"answer": "Byzantine Empire",
"id": 16532,
"paragraph_support_idx": 17,
"question": "Who ruled #3 before it was conquered by the followers of Muhammad?"
}
]
} |
3hop1__531155_87072_46487 | When did the civil war start in the country that controlled the country Parita is located before the US stepped in? | the mid-1960s | [
"the mid-1960s"
] | {
"answer": "the mid-1960s",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "3hop1__531155_87072_46487",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The GPRF laid the groundwork for a new constitutional order that resulted in the Fourth Republic, which saw spectacular economic growth (les Trente Glorieuses). France was one of the founding members of NATO (1949). France attempted to regain control of French Indochina but was defeated by the Viet Minh in 1954 at the climactic Battle of Dien Bien Phu. Only months later, France faced another anti-colonialist conflict in Algeria. The systematic torture and repression, as well as the extrajudicial killings that were perpetrated to keep control of Algeria, then considered as an integral part of France and home to over one million European settlers, wracked the country and nearly led to a coup and civil war.In 1958, the weak and unstable Fourth Republic gave way to the Fifth Republic, which included a strengthened Presidency. In the latter role, Charles de Gaulle managed to keep the country together while taking steps to end the Algerian war. The war was concluded with the Évian Accords in 1962 that led to Algerian independence. The Algerian independence came at the price a heavy human toll among the Algerian population. It resulted in some 500,000 to 1 million deaths and over 2 million internally displaced Algerians. A vestige of the colonial empire are the French overseas departments and territories.",
"title": "France"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The History of Algeria from 1962 to 1999 includes the period starting with preparations for independence and the aftermath of the independence war with France in the 1960s to the Civil War and the 1999 presidential election.",
"title": "History of Algeria (1962–99)"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The phrase is sometimes cynically rearranged to ``One step forward, two steps back... ''to reflect a situation where, seemingly for every attempt to make progress in a task, an actual retrograde performance is achieved. The phrase One Step Forward, Two Steps Back was used as a title of a 1904 revolutionary pamphlet by Vladimir Lenin.",
"title": "One Step Forward, Two Steps Back"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Richmond rifle was a rifled musket produced by the Richmond Armory in Richmond, Virginia, for use by the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War.",
"title": "Richmond rifle"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Losing the First Sino-Japanese War of 1894–1895 was a watershed. Japan, a country long regarded by the Chinese as little more than an upstart nation of pirates, annihilated the Qing government's modernized Beiyang Fleet, then deemed to be the strongest naval force in Asia. The Japanese victory occurred a mere three decades after the Meiji Restoration set a feudal Japan on course to emulate the Western nations in their economic and technological achievements. Finally, in December 1894, the Qing government took concrete steps to reform military institutions and to re-train selected units in westernized drills, tactics and weaponry. These units were collectively called the New Army. The most successful of these was the Beiyang Army under the overall supervision and control of a former Huai Army commander, General Yuan Shikai, who used his position to build networks of loyal officers and eventually become President of the Republic of China.",
"title": "Qing dynasty"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Second Utrecht Civil War took place between 1481 and 1483. It was a war between factions of the population of the Bishopric of Utrecht, influenced by the ongoing Hook and Cod wars in Holland. It was also a battle for control over Utrecht between the Dukes of Burgundy in the person of ruling Bishop David of Burgundy, and the Duchy of Cleves who wanted to replace him by Engelbert of Cleves.",
"title": "Second Utrecht Civil War"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Some nations started rocket research before World War II, including for anti-aircraft use. Further research started during the war. The first step was unguided missile systems like the British 2-inch RP and 3-inch, which was fired in large numbers from Z batteries, and were also fitted to warships. The firing of one of these devices during an air raid is suspected to have caused the Bethnal Green disaster in 1943. Facing the threat of Japanese Kamikaze attacks the British and US developed surface-to-air rockets like British Stooge or the American Lark as counter measures, but none of them were ready at the end of the war. The Germans missile research was the most advanced of the war as the Germans put considerable effort in the research and development of rocket systems for all purposes. Among them were several guided and unguided systems. Unguided systems involved the Fliegerfaust (literally \"aircraft fist\") as the first MANPADS. Guided systems were several sophisticated radio, wire, or radar guided missiles like the Wasserfall (\"waterfall\") rocket. Due to the severe war situation for Germany all of those systems were only produced in small numbers and most of them were only used by training or trial units.",
"title": "Anti-aircraft warfare"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Joseph H. Tucker (1819 – October 22, 1894) was a banker, businessman and Illinois militia colonel during the first two years of the American Civil War (Civil War). He was given initial responsibility for building Camp Douglas at Chicago, Illinois, and was the first commander of the camp. Originally a training camp for Union Army recruits, in 1862 and 1863 Camp Douglas was converted into a prison camp for Confederate States Army prisoners captured by the Union Army. Tucker was commander of the camp from the start of its construction in October 1861 until September 28, 1862, except between February 26, 1862, and June 19, 1862. During this time, the camp was used as a training facility and had its initial use as a prisoner of war camp. Tucker was never mustered into the Union Army, remaining a colonel in the Illinois militia during the term of his service in the Civil War.",
"title": "Joseph H. Tucker"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Panama thus became part of Colombia, then governed under the 1821 Constitution of Cúcuta, and was designated a department with two provinces, Panamá and Veraguas. With the addition of Ecuador to the liberated area, the whole country became known as Gran Colombia. Panama sent a force of 700 men to join Simón Bolívar in Peru, where the Peruvian War of Independence continued.",
"title": "History of Panama (1821–1903)"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Kerr's Patent Revolver was an unusual 5-shot single-action revolver manufactured from 1859 to 1866 by the London Armoury Company. It was used by Confederate cavalrymen during the U.S. Civil War. Seven of these revolvers were held by the New Zealand Colonial Defence Force in 1863 and were issued to the famous Forest Rangers at the start of the campaign to push Maori rebels out of the Auckland province. It is easily recognized by its side-mounted hammer.",
"title": "Kerr's Patent Revolver"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Parita is a town and corregimiento in Parita District, Herrera Province, Panama with a population of 3,723 as of 2010. It is the seat of Parita District. It was founded in 1556. Its population as of 1990 was 3,257; its population as of 2000 was 3,616.",
"title": "Parita"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Rugao (如皋战斗) was a battle fought between the nationalists and communists for the control of town of Rugao in Jiangsu province during the Chinese Civil War in the immediate post-World War II era, and resulted in the communist victory.",
"title": "Battle of Rugao"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "For most of its independent years, the country has been engrossed in rampant ethnic strife and Burma's myriad ethnic groups have been involved in one of the world's longest-running ongoing civil wars. During this time, the United Nations and several other organisations have reported consistent and systematic human rights violations in the country. In 2011, the military junta was officially dissolved following a 2010 general election, and a nominally civilian government was installed. While former military leaders still wield enormous power in the country, Burmese Military have taken steps toward relinquishing control of the government. This, along with the release of Aung San Suu Kyi and political prisoners, has improved the country's human rights record and foreign relations, and has led to the easing of trade and other economic sanctions. There is, however, continuing criticism of the government's treatment of the Muslim Rohingya minority and its poor response to the religious clashes. In the landmark 2015 election, Aung San Suu Kyi's party won a majority in both houses, ending military rule.",
"title": "Myanmar"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Paintings on masonite is a series of 27 abstract paintings made by Joan Miró using the type of proprietary hardboard known as masonite, just after the Spanish Civil War started on 18 July 1936. These works break with his earlier phase which was known as his \"wild paintings\" period. This was a label established to describe the work done during the two years preceding the Civil War, between 1934 and 1936.",
"title": "Paintings on masonite"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Nájera, also known as the Battle of Navarrete, was fought on 3 April 1367 near Nájera, in the province of La Rioja, Castile. It was an episode of the first Castilian Civil War which confronted King Peter of Castile with his half-brother Count Henry of Trastámara who aspired to the throne; the war involved Castile in the Hundred Years' War. Castilian naval power, far superior to that of France or England, encouraged the two polities to take sides in the civil war, to gain control over the Castilian fleet.",
"title": "Battle of Nájera"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ensemble Studios released an expansion for the game named Age of Empires III: The WarChiefs on October 17, 2006. It contains three new native civilizations that can be completely controlled: The Iroquois Confederation, the Great Sioux Nation, and the Aztecs. New content for existing European civilizations, maps and gameplay additions (such as the \"revolution\" feature, in which players can \"revolt\" from their mother country and start an active military coup in the game) was added.",
"title": "Age of Empires III"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Colombian conflict began in the mid-1960s and is a low - intensity asymmetric war between Colombian governments, paramilitary groups, crime syndicates, and far - left guerrillas such as the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC), and the National Liberation Army (ELN), fighting each other to increase their influence in Colombian territory. Two of the most important international actors that have contributed to the Colombian conflict are multinational companies and the United States.",
"title": "Colombian conflict"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "USS \"Clover\" (1863) was a steam gunboat acquired by the Union Navy during the American Civil War. She was used by the Navy to patrol navigable waterways of the Confederacy to prevent the South from trading with other countries.",
"title": "USS Clover (1863)"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The NES dropped the hardwired controllers, instead featuring two custom 7-pin ports on the front of the console. Also in contrast to the Famicom, the controllers included with the NES were identical to each other—the second controller lacked the microphone that was present on the Famicom model and possessed the same START and SELECT buttons as the primary controller. Some NES localizations of games, such as The Legend of Zelda, which required the use of the Famicom microphone in order to kill certain enemies, suffered from the lack of hardware to do so.",
"title": "Nintendo Entertainment System"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "U.S. Air Force Combat Control Team U.S. Air Force Combat Control flash (colorized) Active January 1953 -- present Country United States of America Branch United States Air Force Type Special Operations Force Role Command and Control, Communications, Direct Action, Combat Search and Rescue, Air Support, Light Infantry, Hostage Rescue, Airfield Assault Zone establishment, special reconnaissance, Air traffic control, fire support Size 360 Part of United States Special Operations Command Air Force Special Operations Command Nickname (s) CCT, Air Commando Motto (s) ``First There ''Color of Beret Scarlet Red Engagements Korean War Vietnam War Invasion of Grenada Invasion of Panama Gulf War Operation Gothic Serpent Battle of Mogadishu (1993) Afghanistan War Iraq War Insignia Combat Controller scarlet beret with beret flash",
"title": "United States Air Force Combat Control Team"
}
],
"question": "When did the civil war start in the country that controlled the country Parita is located before the US stepped in?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Panama",
"id": 531155,
"paragraph_support_idx": 10,
"question": "Parita >> country"
},
{
"answer": "Colombia",
"id": 87072,
"paragraph_support_idx": 8,
"question": "who controlled #1 before the us stepped in"
},
{
"answer": "the mid-1960s",
"id": 46487,
"paragraph_support_idx": 16,
"question": "when did the civil war in #2 start"
}
]
} |
4hop1__4017_671787_46089_86373 | There is a region which was the middle leg of the Triangular Trade between England and the continent which contains the river that drains the southwest plain of the Congo. What is the highest area of land in that region? | Pico Duarte | [
"Pico Duarte"
] | {
"answer": "Pico Duarte",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "4hop1__4017_671787_46089_86373",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Gibson Lake is a lake in geographic Biggar Township, Nipissing District in Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is in the Saint Lawrence River drainage basin and lies within Algonquin Provincial Park. The major outflow, at the southwest, is Gibson Creek which flows to the Nipissing River, and then via the Petawawa River and the Ottawa River to the Saint Lawrence River.",
"title": "Gibson Lake (Nipissing District)"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Blizzard Mountain Ski Area is a modest ski area in the western United States, in central Idaho. It is located in the southern tip of the Pioneer Mountains in southwestern Butte County, southwest of Arco. The elevation of its lift-served summit is above sea level, with a vertical drop of on a treeless, northeast-facing slope. The summit offers a sweeping view of the vast Snake River Plain to the east, south, and west.",
"title": "Blizzard Mountain Ski Area"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Historically the particular routes were also shaped by the powerful influence of winds and currents during the age of sail. For example, from the main trading nations of Western Europe it was much easier to sail westwards after first going south of 30 N latitude and reaching the so - called ``trade winds ''; thus arriving in the Caribbean rather than going straight west to the North American mainland. Returning from North America, it is easiest to follow the Gulf Stream in a northeasterly direction using the westerlies. A similar triangle to this, called the volta do mar was already being used by the Portuguese, before Christopher Columbus' voyage, to sail to the Canary Islands and the Azores. Columbus simply expanded the triangle outwards, and his route became the main way for Europeans to reach, and return from, the Americas.",
"title": "Triangular trade"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "North Dakota is in the U.S. region known as the Great Plains. The state shares the Red River of the North with Minnesota to the east. South Dakota is to the south, Montana is to the west, and the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba are to the north. North Dakota is situated near the middle of North America with a stone marker in Rugby, North Dakota marking the ``Geographic Center of the North American Continent ''. With an area of 70,762 square miles (183,273 km), North Dakota is the 19th largest state.",
"title": "North Dakota"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Sustut Peak, 2481 m (8140 ft), prominence: 1231 m, is the highest summit in the drainage of the Sustut River in British Columbia, Canada. Located in the Hogem Ranges west of Sustut Lake, which is at the Sustut River's headwaters, it is 8 km southwest of the road to the Kemess Mine",
"title": "Sustut Peak"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Mil plain is a plain in Azerbaijan. It is located on the bank of the Aras river and extends to Iran. Mil-plain is located in the southwest part of the Kur-Araz lowland, where the Kura and Araz rivers meet. The area is between the right bank of the Kura River and the left bank of the Araz River. The north-eastern part of the plain is lower than the ocean level. In the south-west, these areas are covered by sand, gravel. More than 40 percent of the altitude in the plain is 0-100 meters, 25 percent - 100-200 meters above sea level, and 35 percent - absolute altitude is less than 0 meters. The absolute altitude decreases about 8 m to north (to the Kura River) and varies from 200 to 250 to the west (harami plain). The plain includes mainly the areas of Imishli and Beylagan districts. Seismic activity is high as the plain is in the convergent border the Alpine-Himalayan orogenic belt.",
"title": "Mil plain"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Lookout Nunatak is a nunatak lying southeast of Monte Cassino in the Freyberg Mountains of Victoria Land, Antarctica. The nunatak is in the middle of an icefall overlooking Gallipoli Heights to the southwest. It was so named by New Zealand Antarctic Research Programme geologist P.J. Oliver because the nunatak served as a lookout on the initial visit to the area in the 1981–82 season.",
"title": "Lookout Nunatak"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Four Continents, also known as The Four Rivers of Paradise, is a painting by Flemish artist Peter Paul Rubens, made in the 1610s. It depicts the female personifications of, what, at the time, were believed to be four continents (Europe, Asia, Africa and America) sitting with the personifications of their respective major rivers – the Danube, the Ganges, the Nile and the Río de la Plata. Europe is shown on the left, Africa in the middle, Asia on the right and America behind it, to the left. The tigress, protecting the cubs from the crocodile, is used as a symbol of Asia. The personification of the Danube holds a rudder. The bottom part of the painting shows several putti. Painted during a period of truce between the Dutch Republic and Spain, the river allegories and their female companions in a lush, bountiful setting reflect the conditions that Rubens hoped would return to Antwerp after military hostilities.",
"title": "The Four Continents"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The southwest of the country is a coastal plain for which the primary drainage is the Kouilou-Niari River; the interior of the country consists of a central plateau between two basins to the south and north. Forests are under increasing exploitation pressure.",
"title": "Republic of the Congo"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Molmys River () is a river in Perm Krai, Russia, a left tributary of the Yazva River. It is long, and the area of its drainage basin is . It starts on the southeastern slope of Mount Vogulsky Kamen, in the middle part of the Kvarkush mountain range. It flows through the southeastern portion of Krasnovishersky District, its mouth located upstream of the settlement Krasnyi Bereg. There are many rapids throughout the river, and the bottom is rocky.",
"title": "Molmys River"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Beaverhead River is an approximately tributary of the Jefferson River in southwest Montana (east of the Continental Divide). It drains an area of roughly . The river's original headwaters, formed by the confluence of the Red Rock River and Horse Prairie Creek, are now flooded under Clark Canyon Reservoir, which also floods the first of the river. The Beaverhead then flows through a broad valley northward to join the Big Hole River and form the Jefferson River. With the Red Rock River included in its length, the river stretches another , for a total length of , one of the more significant drainages of south-western Montana.",
"title": "Beaverhead River"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Mayombe (or Mayumbe) is a geographic area on the western coast of Africa occupied by low mountains extending from the mouth of the Congo River in the south to the Kouilou-Niari River to the north. The area includes parts of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Angola (Cabinda Province), the Republic of the Congo and Gabon.",
"title": "Mayombe"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Hell's Half Acre Lava Field is a basaltic lava plain located on the Snake River Plain of Idaho in the United States. It is the easternmost of the basaltic lava fields on the Snake River Plain, located about west of Idaho Falls, Idaho and north of Pocatello, Idaho. In 1976, the National Park Service designated the northwestern portion of the site a National Natural Landmark. In 1986, the Bureau of Land Management recommended that of the site, located just southeast of the National Natural Landmark, to be a wilderness study area.",
"title": "Hell's Half Acre Lava Field"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Saint Lawrence River (French: Fleuve Saint - Laurent; Tuscarora: Kahnawáʼkye; Mohawk: Kaniatarowanenneh, meaning ``big waterway '') is a large river in the middle latitudes of North America. The Saint Lawrence River flows in a roughly north - easterly direction, connecting the Great Lakes with the Atlantic Ocean and forming the primary drainage outflow of the Great Lakes Basin. It traverses the Canadian provinces of Quebec and Ontario, and is part of the international boundary between Ontario, Canada, and the U.S. state of New York. This river also provides the basis of the commercial Saint Lawrence Seaway.",
"title": "Saint Lawrence River"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Mississippi River is the chief river of the second - largest drainage system on the North American continent, second only to the Hudson Bay drainage system. Flowing entirely in the United States (although its drainage basin reaches into Canada), it rises in northern Minnesota and meanders slowly southwards for 2,320 miles (3,730 km) to the Mississippi River Delta at the Gulf of Mexico. With its many tributaries, the Mississippi's watershed drains all or parts of 31 U.S. states and 2 Canadian provinces between the Rocky and Appalachian Mountains. The Mississippi ranks as the fourth - longest and fifteenth - largest river in the world by discharge. The river either borders or passes through the states of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, Mississippi, and Louisiana.",
"title": "Mississippi River"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Brazil is the largest country in South America, encompassing around half of the continent's land area and population. The remaining countries and territories are divided among three regions: The Andean States, the Guianas and the Southern Cone.",
"title": "South America"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Little Bear Peak is a high mountain summit in the Sangre de Cristo Range of the Rocky Mountains of North America. The fourteener is located on the Sierra Blanca Massif, north by east (bearing 6°) of the Town of Blanca, Colorado, United States, on the drainage divide separating Rio Grande National Forest and Alamosa County from the Sangre de Cristo Land Grant and Costilla County. Little Bear lies southwest of Blanca Peak, the ultra prominent fourteener that is the highest point of the massif.",
"title": "Little Bear Peak"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Somerset Levels (or Somerset Levels and Moors as they are less commonly but more correctly known) are a sparsely populated wetland area of central Somerset, between the Quantock and Mendip hills. They consist of marine clay levels along the coast, and the inland (often peat based) moors. The Levels are divided into two by the Polden Hills; land to the south is drained by the River Parrett while land to the north is drained by the River Axe and the River Brue. The total area of the Levels amounts to about 647.5 square kilometres (160,000 acres) and broadly corresponds to the administrative district of Sedgemoor but also includes the south west of Mendip district. Approximately 70% of the area is grassland and 30% is arable. Stretching about 32 kilometres (20 mi) inland, this expanse of flat land barely rises above sea level. Before it was drained, much of the land was under a shallow brackish sea in winter and was marsh land in summer. Drainage began with the Romans, and was restarted at various times: by the Anglo-Saxons; in the Middle Ages by the Glastonbury Abbey, from 1400–1770; and during the Second World War, with the construction of the Huntspill River. Pumping and management of water levels still continues.",
"title": "Somerset"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Pingtung Plain () is a plain area including parts of Pingtung County and Kaohsiung City in Taiwan. It includes the alluvial fan of Kaoping River, which forms the largest drainage area of rivers in Taiwan, and also passed by other shorter rivers such as Tungkang River, Linbian River and Shihwen River (士文溪). The plain faces the Taiwan Strait on the southwest, lies to the east of Kaohsiung City, and at the west of Central Mountain Range.",
"title": "Pingtung Plain"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Of the 20 highest major summits of the Caribbean, only Pico Duarte exceeds 3000 meters (9843 feet) elevation, six peaks exceed 2000 meters (6562 feet), and 15 peaks exceed 1000 meters (3281 feet) elevation.",
"title": "List of mountain peaks of the Caribbean"
}
],
"question": "There is a region which was the middle leg of the Triangular Trade between England and the continent which contains the river that drains the southwest plain of the Congo. What is the highest area of land in that region?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Kouilou-Niari River",
"id": 4017,
"paragraph_support_idx": 8,
"question": "Which river serves as drainage for the southwest plain of the Congo?"
},
{
"answer": "Africa",
"id": 671787,
"paragraph_support_idx": 11,
"question": "#1 >> continent"
},
{
"answer": "the Caribbean",
"id": 46089,
"paragraph_support_idx": 2,
"question": "the middle leg of the journey from england to #2 to the americas"
},
{
"answer": "Pico Duarte",
"id": 86373,
"paragraph_support_idx": 19,
"question": "the highest area of land in the #3"
}
]
} |
3hop1__674688_707133_33297 | What did the employer of the person who wrote Freedom from Fear name :"The Trusteeship Of The Powerful?" | "Four Policemen" | [
"\"Four Policemen\"",
"Four Policemen"
] | {
"answer": "\"Four Policemen\"",
"answer_aliases": [
"Four Policemen"
],
"answerable": true,
"id": "3hop1__674688_707133_33297",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In the film, Freddy (Robert Englund) has grown incapable of haunting people's dreams as the citizens of Springwood, Ohio, have mostly forgotten about him following his death and subsequent imprisonment in Hell for his sins. To regain his power and freedom, Freddy resurrects Jason (Ken Kirzinger) and manipulates him into traveling to Springwood to cause panic and fear, leading to rumors that Freddy has returned. However, while Jason succeeds in causing enough fear for Freddy to haunt the town again, Jason angers Freddy by depriving him of potential victims. This ultimately sends the two undead monsters into a violent conflict.",
"title": "Freddy vs. Jason"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The War in Afghanistan (or the U.S. War in Afghanistan; code named Operation Enduring Freedom -- Afghanistan (2001 -- 2014) and Operation Freedom's Sentinel (2015 -- present)) followed the United States invasion of Afghanistan of October 7, 2001. The U.S. was supported initially by the United Kingdom and Canada and later by a coalition of over 40 countries, including all NATO members. The war's public aims were to dismantle al - Qaeda and to deny it a safe base of operations in Afghanistan by removing the Taliban from power. The War in Afghanistan is the second longest war in United States history, behind the Vietnam War.",
"title": "War in Afghanistan (2001–present)"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "She married an Austrian documentary filmmaker, Warner Fend, and had a great influence on Aung San Suu Kyi. Than E, a family friend, persuaded Suu Kyi to relocate to New York City and work for the United Nations. Than E was born to a Baptist family and attended Rangoon University, before joining the Teacher's Training College.",
"title": "Than E"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Many middle and small powers in Europe, unlike in the previous wars, tried to steer clear away from the escalating conflict, even though they had interests in the conflict or with the belligerents, like Denmark-Norway. The Dutch Republic, long-time British ally, kept its neutrality intact, fearing the odds against Britain and Prussia fighting the great powers of Europe, even tried to prevent Britain's domination in India. Naples, Sicily, and Savoy, although sided with Franco-Spanish party, declined to join the coalition under the fear of British power. The taxation needed for war caused the Russian people considerable hardship, being added to the taxation of salt and alcohol begun by Empress Elizabeth in 1759 to complete her addition to the Winter Palace. Like Sweden, Russia concluded a separate peace with Prussia.",
"title": "Northern Seven Years' War"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Andrei Sakharov Freedom Award, officially known as the Sakharov Freedom Award and named after Soviet scientist and dissident Andrei Sakharov, was established in 1980 by the Norwegian Helsinki Committee with the support and consent of Andrei Sakharov himself, to help people that because of their opinions, beliefs and conscience are persecuted or imprisoned.",
"title": "Andrei Sakharov Freedom Award"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Freedom from Fear is both an essay by Aung San Suu Kyi, and a book of the same name comprising a collection of her essays.",
"title": "Freedom from Fear (Aung San Suu Kyi)"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Jalan Tak Ada Ujung () is an Indonesian novel by Mochtar Lubis first published by Balai Pustaka in 1952. It takes place during the Indonesian war of independence and tells the story of Guru Isa, a schoolteacher who assists the guerrilla freedom fighters yet lives in fear.",
"title": "Jalan Tak Ada Ujung"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "On December 7, 1941, Japan attacked the United States at Pearl Harbor, bringing it too into the war on the Allied side. China also joined the Allies, as eventually did most of the rest of the world. China was in turmoil at the time, and attacked Japanese armies through guerilla-type warfare. By the beginning of 1942, the major combatants were aligned as follows: the British Commonwealth, the United States, and the Soviet Union were fighting Germany and Italy; and the British Commonwealth, China, and the United States were fighting Japan. The United Kingdom, the United States, the Soviet Union and China were referred as a \"trusteeship of the powerful\" during the World War II and were recognized as the Allied \"Big Four\" in Declaration by United Nations These four countries were considered as the \"Four Policemen\" or \"Four Sheriffs\" of the Allies power and primary victors of World War II. From then through August 1945, battles raged across all of Europe, in the North Atlantic Ocean, across North Africa, throughout Southeast Asia, throughout China, across the Pacific Ocean and in the air over Japan.",
"title": "Modern history"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The US Exploring Expedition visited in 1840.In 1845, the ambitious young warrior, strategist, and orator Tāufaʻāhau united Tonga into a kingdom. He held the chiefly title of Tuʻi Kanokupolu, but had been baptised by Methodist missionaries with the name Siaosi (\"George\") in 1831. In 1875, with the help of missionary Shirley Waldemar Baker, he declared Tonga a constitutional monarchy; formally adopted the western royal style; emancipated the \"serfs\"; enshrined a code of law, land tenure, and freedom of the press; and limited the power of the chiefs.",
"title": "Tonga"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Barbas, the Demon of Fear, is a fictional character cast as a major foe (an upper level demon in the Charmed universe) from the WB Television Network television series Charmed, who had the ability to sense the greatest fears of his opponent (s) and use it against them. He was played by Billy Drago and repeatedly plotted against the Charmed Ones -- the three sisters who happen to become powerful good witches.",
"title": "Barbas (Charmed)"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ople's most enduring role was his nineteen years as Secretary (later Minister) of Labor and Employment during the administration of President Ferdinand Marcos, when Philippine labor laws were overhauled through the enactment of the Labor Code of the Philippines that he had helped author.",
"title": "Blas Ople"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Dennard scaling, also known as MOSFET scaling, is a scaling law based on a 1974 paper co-authored by Robert H. Dennard, after whom it is named. Originally formulated for MOSFETs, it states, roughly, that as transistors get smaller, their power density stays constant, so that the power use stays in proportion with area; both voltage and current scale (downward) with length.",
"title": "Dennard scaling"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The seven gifts of the Holy Spirit is an enumeration of seven spiritual gifts originating with patristic authors, later elaborated by five intellectual virtues and four other groups of ethical characteristics. They are: wisdom, understanding, counsel, fortitude, knowledge, piety, and fear of the Lord.",
"title": "Seven gifts of the Holy Spirit"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Fair Go began in 1977, the creation of presenter Brian Edwards and producer Peter Morritt. At the time it was seen as breaking new ground. It would not simply deal with consumer issues, it would investigate complaints from viewers and if those complaints were justified, it would name names. The biggest fear at the time was that the programme would attract huge lawsuits. Lawyers were hired to check every word on the script and the fears turned out to be groundless.",
"title": "Fair Go"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "A Soviet - US Joint Commission met in 1946 and 1947 to work towards a unified administration, but failed to make progress due to increasing Cold War antagonism and to Korean opposition to the trusteeship. Meanwhile, the division between the two zones deepened. The difference in policy between the occupying powers led to a polarization of politics, and a transfer of population between North and South. In May 1946 it was made illegal to cross the 38th parallel without a permit.",
"title": "Division of Korea"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "It is a 1986 horror novel by American author Stephen King. It was his 22nd book and 18th novel written under his own name. The story follows the experiences of seven children as they are terrorized by an entity that exploits the fears and phobias of its victims to disguise itself while hunting its prey. ``It ''primarily appears in the form of a clown to attract its preferred prey of young children.",
"title": "It (novel)"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Election Commission of India is an autonomous constitutional authority responsible for administering election processes in India. The body administers elections to the Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, state Legislative Assemblies in India, and the offices of the President and Vice President in the country. The Election Commission operates under the authority of Constitution per Article 324, and subsequently enacted Representation of the People Act. The Commission has the powers under the Constitution, to act in an appropriate manner when the enacted laws make insufficient provisions to deal with a given situation in the conduct of an election. Being a constitutional authority, Election Commission is amongst the few institutions which function with both autonomy and freedom, along with the country's higher judiciary, the Union Public Service Commission and the Comptroller and Auditor General of India.",
"title": "Election Commission of India"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The seven gifts of the Holy Spirit is an enumeration of seven spiritual gifts originating with patristic authors, later elaborated by five intellectual virtues and four other groups of ethical characteristics. They are: wisdom, understanding, counsel, fortitude, knowledge, piety, and fear of the Lord (wonder).",
"title": "Seven gifts of the Holy Spirit"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The House Freedom Caucus does not disclose the names of its members. In the current (115th) Congress, the group has about three dozen members. A number of members have identified themselves, or have been identified by others, as members of the Freedom Caucus, as of July 2018 including:",
"title": "Freedom Caucus"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Rebati Ramanananda Shrestha (Devanagari: रेबति रमणानन्द श्रेष्ठ) (1932–2002) was a Nepalese freedom fighter, journalist and Nepal Bhasa author. He also wrote under the pen name R. R. N. Syasya (रे. रे. न. स्यस्य). His works range from poems and epics to essays and short stories. He has written books on history, language, culture and religion.",
"title": "Rebati Ramanananda Shrestha"
}
],
"question": "What did the employer of the person who wrote Freedom from Fear name :\"The Trusteeship Of The Powerful?\"",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Aung San Suu Kyi",
"id": 674688,
"paragraph_support_idx": 5,
"question": "Freedom from Fear >> author"
},
{
"answer": "United Nations",
"id": 707133,
"paragraph_support_idx": 2,
"question": "#1 >> employer"
},
{
"answer": "\"Four Policemen\"",
"id": 33297,
"paragraph_support_idx": 7,
"question": "What did The #2 name \"The Trusteeship Of The Powerful\""
}
]
} |
2hop__9129_59182 | When was the Golden Gate Bridge built in the city the Sea Nymph sails out of? | 1937 | [
"1937"
] | {
"answer": "1937",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__9129_59182",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Zolotoy Bridge ( - \"Golden Bridge\") is cable-stayed bridge across the Zolotoy Rog (Golden Horn) in Vladivostok, Russia. The Zolotoy Rog Bridge was one of two bridges, along with the Russky Island Bridge, built in preparation for the 2012 APEC summit. The bridge was commissioned by the city of Vladivostok in 2006, Construction of the bridge began on July 25, 2008, and the bridge was officially opened on August 11, 2012. It is considered the world's 12th longest cable-stayed bridge.",
"title": "Zolotoy Bridge"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Golden Gate Bridge's clearance above high water averages 220 feet (67 m) while its towers, at 746 feet (227 m) above the water, were the world's tallest on a suspension bridge until 1993 when it was surpassed by the Mezcala Bridge, in Mexico.",
"title": "Golden Gate Bridge"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Construction resumed in 1972, with the bridge being completed in 1978. After 10 years of construction, the bridge, a part of the larger West Gate Freeway, cost $202 million.",
"title": "West Gate Bridge"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Construction began on January 5, 1933. The project cost more than $35 million, ($493 million in 2016 dollars) completing ahead of schedule and $1.3 million under budget. The Golden Gate Bridge construction project was carried out by the McClintic - Marshall Construction Co., a subsidiary of Bethlehem Steel Corporation founded by Howard H. McClintic and Charles D. Marshall, both of Lehigh University.",
"title": "Golden Gate Bridge"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Time After Time was filmed throughout San Francisco, including Cow Hollow, North Beach, the Hyatt Regency hotel, California Academy of Sciences in Golden Gate Park, the Marina District, Ghirardelli Square, Fisherman's Wharf, the Richmond District, the Golden Gate Bridge, Grace Cathedral on Nob Hill, the Embarcadero Center, Chinatown, the Marina Green, the Palace of Fine Arts, Potrero Hill, and the Civic Center.",
"title": "Time After Time (1979 film)"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 2012, Vladivostok hosted the 24th Summit of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum. In preparation for the event, the infrastructure of the city was renovated and improved. Two giant cable-stayed bridges were constructed in Vladivostok, namely the Zolotoy Rog Bridge over the Golden Horn Bay in the centre of the city, and the Russky Bridge from the mainland to Russky Island, where the summit took place. The latter bridge is the longest cable-stayed bridge in the world.",
"title": "Vladivostok"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Golden Gate Bridge and Highway District, authorized by an act of the California Legislature, was incorporated in 1928 as the official entity to design, construct, and finance the Golden Gate Bridge. However, after the Wall Street Crash of 1929, the District was unable to raise the construction funds, so it lobbied for a $30 million bond measure. The bonds were approved in November 1930, by votes in the counties affected by the bridge. The construction budget at the time of approval was $27 million. However, the District was unable to sell the bonds until 1932, when Amadeo Giannini, the founder of San Francisco -- based Bank of America, agreed on behalf of his bank to buy the entire issue in order to help the local economy.",
"title": "Golden Gate Bridge"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The I-694 Bridge is a pair of girder bridges that spans the Mississippi River between the cities of Brooklyn Center and Fridley in Minnesota. The westbound bridge was built in 1963 by the Minnesota Department of Transportation, and widened in 1987 with a new structure above the piers. The eastbound bridge was built in 1988, also by the Minnesota Department of Transportation.",
"title": "I-694 Bridge"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "After a long legal battle, the 2010 America's Cup was raced in 90 ft (27 m) lwl multihull yachts in a best of three ``deed of gift ''match in Valencia, Spain. The victorious Golden Gate Yacht Club then elected to race the 2013 America's Cup in AC72 foiling, wing - sail catamarans. Golden Gate Yacht Club successfully defended the cup. The 35th America's Cup match was announced to be sailed in 50 ft foiling catamarans.",
"title": "America's Cup"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "London Bridge is a bridge in Lake Havasu City, Arizona. It was built in the 1830s and formerly spanned the River Thames in London, England. It was dismantled in 1967 and relocated to Arizona. The Arizona bridge is a reinforced concrete structure clad in the original masonry of the 1830s bridge, which was purchased by Robert P. McCulloch from the City of London. McCulloch had exterior granite blocks from the original bridge numbered and transported to America to construct the present bridge in Lake Havasu City, a planned community he established in 1964 on the shore of Lake Havasu. The bridge was completed in 1971 (along with a canal), and links an island in the Colorado River with the main part of Lake Havasu City.",
"title": "London Bridge (Lake Havasu City)"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Sail @ Marina Bay is a waterfront lifestyle condominium located in the Marina Bay area in Singapore. It was completed in 2008. The first tenants have moved into Central Park Tower in July 2008. Residents moved into Marina Bay Tower a few weeks later. The structure of The Sail is with 70 storeys and is one of Singapore's tallest condominium/apartment. This development offers panoramic city view of Marina Bay and the sea. It is close to some of Singapore's famous landmarks such as Suntec City, Marina Bay Sands, Esplanade, Telok Ayer Market and the Singapore River. The Downtown MRT Station is built a few meters to the West of the building. The building was erected on reclaimed land, and the Central Linear Park is built on the South Side next to the building.",
"title": "The Sail @ Marina Bay"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Neuquén-Cipolletti bridges are a series of four bridges that connect the cities of Neuquén and Cipolletti by spanning the Neuquén River, in Argentina. Three parallel ones, two road bridges and a railway bridge, were built on a former herd wrangling path. The fourth one was built upstream.",
"title": "Neuquén-Cipolletti bridges"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Golden Gate Park, located in San Francisco, California, United States, is a large urban park consisting of 1,017 acres (412 ha) of public grounds. It is administered by the San Francisco Recreation & Parks Department, which began in 1871 to oversee the development of Golden Gate Park. Configured as a rectangle, it is similar in shape but 20 percent larger than Central Park in New York, to which it is often compared. It is over three miles (4.8 km) long east to west, and about half a mile (0.8 km) north to south. With 13 million visitors annually, Golden Gate is the fifth most - visited city park in the United States after Central Park in New York City, Lincoln Park in Chicago, and Balboa and Mission Bay Parks in San Diego.",
"title": "Golden Gate Park"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Government Island is a island in the Columbia River north of Portland, in Multnomah County, in the U.S. state of Oregon. Though Interstate 205 passes over it on the Glenn L. Jackson Memorial Bridge, access to the island is only by boat. There is a city controlled locked gate in the 205 fence.",
"title": "Government Island (Oregon)"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Under the direction of Dr John Bradfield of the NSW Department of Public Works, the bridge was designed and built by British firm Dorman Long and Co Ltd of Middlesbrough and opened in 1932. The bridge's design was influenced by the Hell Gate Bridge in New York City. It is the sixth longest spanning - arch bridge in the world and the tallest steel arch bridge, measuring 134 m (440 ft) from top to water level. It was also the world's widest long - span bridge, at 48.8 m (160 ft) wide, until construction of the new Port Mann Bridge in Vancouver was completed in 2012.",
"title": "Sydney Harbour Bridge"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The city was originally built on a hilly peninsula surrounded by the River Aare, but outgrew natural boundaries by the 19th century. A number of bridges have been built to allow the city to expand beyond the Aare.",
"title": "Bern"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Golden Gate Bridge A view of the Golden Gate Bridge from the Marin Headlands Coordinates 37 ° 49 ′ 11 ''N 122 ° 28 ′ 43'' W / 37.81972 ° N 122.47861 ° W / 37.81972; - 122.47861 Coordinates: 37 ° 49 ′ 11 ''N 122 ° 28 ′ 43'' W / 37.81972 ° N 122.47861 ° W / 37.81972; - 122.47861 Carries 6 lanes of US 101 / SR 1 (see below), pedestrians and bicycles. Crosses Golden Gate Locale San Francisco, California and Marin County, California, U.S. Official name Golden Gate Bridge Maintained by Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District Characteristics Design Art Deco, Suspension, truss arch & truss causeways Material Steel Total length 8,981 ft (2,737.4 m), about 1.7 mi (2.7 km) Width 90 ft (27.4 m) Height 746 ft (227.4 m) Longest span 4,200 ft (1,280.2 m) Clearance above 14 ft (4.3 m) at toll gates, Trucks can not pass Clearance below 220 ft (67.1 m) at high tide History Architect Irving Morrow Engineering design by Joseph Strauss, and Charles Ellis Construction start January 5, 1933 (1933 - 01 - 05) Construction end April 19, 1937 (1937 - 04 - 20) Opened May 27, 1937; 80 years ago (1937 - 05 - 27) Statistics Daily traffic 110,000 Toll Cars (southbound only) $7.50 (Pay by plate), $6.50 (FasTrak), $4.50 (carpools during peak hours, FasTrak only) California Historical Landmark Designated June 18, 1987 Reference no. 974 San Francisco Designated Landmark Designated May 21, 1999 Reference no. 222 Golden Gate Bridge Bridges in the San Francisco Bay",
"title": "Golden Gate Bridge"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Harris Street Bridge is a historic truss bridge that spans the Taunton River off Dean Street in Taunton, Massachusetts. Built in 1887, it is the oldest surviving bridge in the city, and was built as part of the one of the city's earliest public works projects after incorporation as a city. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. It is closed to traffic, and is in disrepair.",
"title": "Harris Street Bridge"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Frommer's travel guide describes the Golden Gate Bridge as ``possibly the most beautiful, certainly the most photographed, bridge in the world. ''At the time of its opening in 1937, it was both the longest and the tallest suspension bridge in the world, with a main span of 4,200 feet (1,280 m) and a total height of 746 feet (227 m).",
"title": "Golden Gate Bridge"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "A number of vessels visiting the islands were attacked and their crews killed. In 1834, Captain DonSette and his crew were killed. Similarly, in 1845 the schooner Naiad punished a native for stealing with such violence that the natives attacked the ship. Later that year a whaler's boat crew were killed. In 1852 the San Francisco-based ships Glencoe and Sea Nymph were attacked and everyone aboard except for one crew member were killed. The violence was usually attributed as a response to the ill treatment of the natives in response to petty theft, which was a common practice. In 1857, two missionaries successfully settled on Ebon, living among the natives through at least 1870.:3",
"title": "Marshall Islands"
}
],
"question": "When was the Golden Gate Bridge built in the city the Sea Nymph sails out of?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "San Francisco",
"id": 9129,
"paragraph_support_idx": 19,
"question": "Out of what city was the Sea Nymph sailing?"
},
{
"answer": "1937",
"id": 59182,
"paragraph_support_idx": 18,
"question": "when was the #1 golden gate bridge built"
}
]
} |
2hop__656795_55584 | Who is speaker of parliament in the country where Tarkwa mine is located? | Aaron Mike Oquaye | [
"Aaron Mike Oquaye"
] | {
"answer": "Aaron Mike Oquaye",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__656795_55584",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Parliament of Ghana 7th Parliament of the 4th Republic Type Type Unicameral Leadership Speaker Aaron Mike Oquaye Since 7 January 2017 Structure Seats 275 Political groups NPP (169) NDC (106) Elections Voting system First - past - the - post Last election 7 December 2016 Meeting place Parliament House Accra, Greater Accra Republic of Ghana Website www.parliament.gh",
"title": "Parliament of Ghana"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Peter Ala Adjetey (11 August 1931 – 15 July 2008) was the Speaker of the Parliament of Ghana from 2001 to 2005.",
"title": "Peter Ala Adjetey"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "M. Joseph Michael Perera is a Sri Lankan politician (born 15 September 1941) and a Former Member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka. He is the 17th Speaker of the Parliament of Sri Lanka.",
"title": "Joseph Michael Perera"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The first meeting after the election when the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker are selected by members of the Parliament is held under the pro tem Speaker. In absence of the Speaker, the Deputy Speaker acts as Speaker and in the absence of both a committee of six member selected by the Speaker will act as Speaker according to their seniority.",
"title": "Speaker of the Lok Sabha"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Bălan (; , ) is a town in Harghita County, Romania. It has historically been one of Transylvania and Romania's most important centers for copper mining, but its mines are no longer operational. Its Romanian name means \"blond\", the German name means \"copper mine\" while the Hungarian name means \"Balán mine.\"",
"title": "Bălan"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Nedjeljko Mihanović (; born 16 February 1930) is a Croatian politician and former Speaker of the Croatian Parliament. He is an associated member of the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts. Mihanović retired in 2000.",
"title": "Nedjeljko Mihanović"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Speaker of the House of Commons is the presiding officer of the House of Commons, the United Kingdom's lower chamber of Parliament. The office is currently held by John Bercow, who was initially elected on 22 June 2009, following the resignation of Michael Martin. He was returned as an MP in the 2010 general election and was re-elected as Speaker when the House sat at the start of the new Parliament on 18 May 2010. He was again returned as an MP in the 2015 general election and was re-elected, unopposed, as Speaker when the House sat at the start of the new Parliament on 18 May 2015 and again on 13 June 2017.",
"title": "Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Federation of Nigeria was granted full independence on 1 October 1960 under a constitution that provided for a parliamentary government and a substantial measure of self - government for the country's three regions. From 1959 to 1960, Jaja Wachuku was the First Nigerian Speaker of the Nigerian Parliament, also called the ``House of Representatives. ''Jaja Wachuku replaced Sir Frederick Metcalfe of Britain. Notably, as First Speaker of the House, Jaja Wachuku received Nigeria's Instrument of Independence, also known as Freedom Charter, on 1 October 1960, from Princess Alexandra of Kent, The Queen's representative at the Nigerian independence ceremonies.",
"title": "History of Nigeria"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "On 3 October 2013, Speaker of the Parliament announced that Seppo Lehto is not anymore welcome to the Parliament House of Finland after he performed a Nazi salute there and published a photo of the act on the Internet. His host, Finns Party member of the parliament James Hirvisaari, was also expelled from the Finns Party due to this event.",
"title": "Seppo Lehto"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Dieter Möhrmann (born 1948) is a German politician in the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) and deputy speaker in the Lower Saxony State Parliament.",
"title": "Dieter Möhrmann"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Parliament museum is a museum in the Parliament of India Library Building in New Delhi, close to the Sansad Bhavan. It was inaugurated by then Speaker of Lok Sabha on 29 December 1989, in Parliament House Annexe, subsequently it shifted to its present in a Special Hall of the Sansadiya Gyanpeeth, Parliament Library Building, where it was inaugurated on 7 May 2002 by President of India, K. R. Narayanan. The interactive museum was inaugurated by President A.P.J. Abdul Kalam on 15 August 2006.",
"title": "Parliament Museum"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Sir Emmanuel Charles Quist, also known as Paa Quist (21 May 1880, Christiansborg, Accra – 30 March 1959) was a barrister, educator and judge who served as the first Speaker of the Gold Coast Legislative Assembly and the first Speaker of the Parliament of Ghana.",
"title": "Emmanuel Charles Quist"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Tarkwa mine is one of the largest gold mines in the Ghana and in the world. The mine is located in the south-west of the country in the Western Region. The mine has estimated reserves of 15.1 million oz of gold.",
"title": "Tarkwa mine"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Parliament of India is bicameral. Concurrence of both houses are required to pass any bill. However, the authors of the Constitution of India visualised situations of deadlock between the upper house i.e. Rajya Sabha and the lower house i.e. Lok Sabha. Therefore, the Constitution of India provides for Joint sittings of both the Houses to break this deadlock. The joint sitting of the Parliament is called by the President and is presided over by the Speaker or, in his absence, by the Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha or in his absence, the Deputy - Chairman of the Rajya Sabha. If any of the above officers are not present then any other member of the Parliament can preside by consensus of both the House.",
"title": "Joint Session of the Parliament of India"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ioannis Alevras (, 1912 – 6 April 1995) was a Greek Panhellenic Socialist Movement politician and Speaker of the Hellenic Parliament, who served as acting President of Greece in March 1985.",
"title": "Ioannis Alevras"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Speaker of the Lok Sabha is the presiding officer of the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India. The speaker is elected in the very first meeting of the Lok Sabha following general elections. Serving for a term of five years, the Speaker chosen from amongst the members of the Lok Sabha, and is by convention a member of the ruling party or alliance.",
"title": "Speaker of the Lok Sabha"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Speaker of the Lok Sabha conducts the business in house; and decides whether a bill is a money bill or not. They maintain discipline and decorum in the house and can punish a member for their unruly behavior by suspending them. They also permit the moving of various kinds of motions and resolutions such as a motion of no confidence, motion of adjournment, motion of censure and calling attention notice as per the rules. The Speaker decides on the agenda to be taken up for discussion during the meeting. The date of election of the speaker is fixed by the President. Further, all comments and speeches made by members of the House are addressed to the speaker. The speaker also presides over the joint sitting of both Houses of Parliament. The counterpart of the Speaker in the Rajya Sabha is the Chairman, who is the Vice President of India. In the warrant of precedence, the speaker of Lok Sabha comes next only to The Deputy Prime Minister of India. Speaker has the sixth rank in the political executive of India",
"title": "Speaker of the Lok Sabha"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "A by-election was held in the Niutao constituency in Tuvalu on 5 May 2003. It was triggered by the death of the incumbent MP, Saloa Tauia. Tauia, the Speaker of Parliament, died in February, after having entered Parliament in the July 2002 general election.",
"title": "2003 Niutao by-election"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "At least 74 species of Iranian wildlife are on the red list of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature, a sign of serious threats against the country’s biodiversity. The Iranian Parliament has been showing disregard for wildlife by passing laws and regulations such as the act that lets the Ministry of Industries and Mines exploit mines without the involvement of the Department of Environment, and by approving large national development projects without demanding comprehensive study of their impact on wildlife habitats.",
"title": "Iran"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Aaron Eugene Kofi Asante Ofori-Atta, (12 December 1912 – July 1978) was a politician and also the fourth Speaker of the Parliament of Ghana.",
"title": "Kofi Asante Ofori-Atta"
}
],
"question": "Who is speaker of parliament in the country where Tarkwa mine is located?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Ghana",
"id": 656795,
"paragraph_support_idx": 12,
"question": "Tarkwa mine >> country"
},
{
"answer": "Aaron Mike Oquaye",
"id": 55584,
"paragraph_support_idx": 0,
"question": "what is the name of the speaker of parliament in #1"
}
]
} |
2hop__740102_91983 | When do we vote for governor in the state where Song of the Pines is set? | November 6, 2018 | [
"November 6, 2018"
] | {
"answer": "November 6, 2018",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__740102_91983",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Adams Springs is an unincorporated community in Lake County, California. It is located north of Whispering Pines, at an elevation of 2815 feet (858 m).",
"title": "Adams, California"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Palms is a small national park located between Cooyar and Yarraman in Queensland, Australia. The main feature of the park is spring-fed gully filled with piccabeen palms. Strangler figs, bunya pines and hoop pines also predominate.",
"title": "The Palms National Park"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Lieutenant Governor of Arkansas presides over the Arkansas Senate with a tie-breaking vote, serves as governor when the governor is out of state, and serves as governor if the governor is impeached, removed from office, dies or is otherwise unable to discharge the office's duties. The lieutenant governor position is elected separately from the governor.",
"title": "Lieutenant Governor of Arkansas"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1784, the Council was reduced to three members; the Governor-General continued to have both an ordinary vote and a casting vote. In 1786, the power of the Governor-General was increased even further, as Council decisions ceased to be binding.",
"title": "Governor-General of India"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Mill Street Stone Arch Bridge is located on that street in Pine Hill, New York, United States. It is a small bridge over a local creek built around the turn of the 20th century. It is one of two stone arch bridges in the former village built by local stonemason Matthew G. Thompson. It has remained intact and in use since then, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996. It is located in the Pine Hill Historic District.",
"title": "Mill Street Stone Arch Bridge"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "River Pines is a census-designated place in Amador County, California. It is located north-northeast of Fiddletown, at an elevation of 1985 feet (605 m). A post office opened at River Pines in 1948; it has the zip code of 95675. River Pines has a population of 379 (2010 census).",
"title": "River Pines, California"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "\" Song of the Pines\" (Philadelphia, PA: John C. Winston Company; first edition. 1949) was part of the \"Land of the Free\" series of children's books. The book highlighted the contribution of Norwegian immigrants to the Wisconsin logging industry. The book focuses on the story of a 15-year-old orphan named Nils who emigrates to America in the 1850s. Nils is a trained knife sharpener who sets up a business making cant hooks, a traditional logging tool. The novel was edited by Erick Berry and illustrated by the artist Richard Floethe (1901-1988). First published in 1949, it became a Newbery Honor recipient in 1950.",
"title": "Song of the Pines"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Big Pine (formerly, Bigpine) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Inyo County, California, United States. Big Pine is located approximately south-southeast of Bishop, at an elevation of . The population was 1,756 at the 2010 census, up from 1,350 at the 2000 census. The Big Pine Band of Owens Valley Paiute Shoshone Indians of the Big Pine Reservation operates their tribal headquarters from here.",
"title": "Big Pine, California"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Revelling/Reckoning is the 11th studio album by singer-songwriter Ani DiFranco, released in 2001 on Righteous Babe Records. It is a double album of winding, narrative, acoustic-based songs.",
"title": "Revelling/Reckoning"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Glen William Pine is an American musician and songwriter from Boston, MA. He is most known for his role in The Slackers where he plays the trombone and sings. Pine joined the Slackers before the release of The Question on which he contributed with the song Mountainside. Glen was an original member of Boston-based reggae outfit The Pressure Cooker (). Along with Vic Ruggiero, he has performed under the name the Redlights.",
"title": "Glen Pine"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Sugar Pine Point Light was a small lighthouse located on Lake Tahoe, in El Dorado County, California, in the United States. The tower no longer stands, but a small post light marks the site. It is located within the bounds of Ed Z'berg Sugar Pine Point State Park.",
"title": "Sugar Pine Point Light"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Sowbelly Canyon is located in the northwestern corner of Nebraska. It is northeast of Harrison and is part of the Pine Ridge region.",
"title": "Sowbelly Canyon"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Since then, the Bronx has always supported the Democratic Party's nominee for President, starting with a vote of 2-1 for the unsuccessful Al Smith in 1928, followed by four 2-1 votes for the successful Franklin D. Roosevelt. (Both had been Governors of New York, but Republican former Gov. Thomas E. Dewey won only 28% of the Bronx's vote in 1948 against 55% for Pres. Harry Truman, the winning Democrat, and 17% for Henry A. Wallace of the Progressives. It was only 32 years earlier, by contrast, that another Republican former Governor who narrowly lost the Presidency, Charles Evans Hughes, had won 42.6% of the Bronx's 1916 vote against Democratic President Woodrow Wilson's 49.8% and Socialist candidate Allan Benson's 7.3%.)",
"title": "The Bronx"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Songs From the Longleaf Pines is an album by bluegrass and country rock artist Charlie Daniels. Daniels is doing a tribute to Bluegrass-Gospel. It was released on March 22, 2005.",
"title": "Songs from the Longleaf Pines"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Pines (formerly, Pines Villages) is an unincorporated community in Madera County, California. It is located on the northeast shore of Bass Lake southeast of Yosemite Forks, at an elevation of 3435 feet (1047 m).",
"title": "The Pines, Madera County, California"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Pine Grove (formerly Cobb) is an unincorporated community in Lake County, California. It is located northwest of Whispering Pines, at an elevation of 2,520 feet (768 m).",
"title": "Pine Grove, Lake County, California"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The 2018 Wisconsin gubernatorial election will take place on November 6, 2018, to determine the governor and lieutenant governor of the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It will occur concurrently with the election of Wisconsin's Class I U.S. Senate seat, as well as other elections to the United States Senate in other states and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections.",
"title": "2018 Wisconsin gubernatorial election"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "KIPR (92.3 FM, \"Power 92 Jams\") is a commercial radio station carrying an urban contemporary format located in Little Rock, Arkansas and licensed to Pine Bluff. It is owned by Cumulus Media. The station's studios are located in West Little Rock, and the transmitter tower is located in Jefferson, south of Pine Bluff. Due to the transmitter location emitting 100 kilowatts, the signal covers most of Central Arkansas including places like Brinkley, North Little Rock, Gould, Fordyce and Dumas.",
"title": "KIPR"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Pine Lake State Park is a state park of Iowa, US. The park comprises encompassing two lakes: Lower Pine Lake and Upper Pine Lake. The park is located near Eldora and Steamboat Rock.",
"title": "Pine Lake State Park"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Isle of Pines (; name in Kanak language Kwênyii: ') is an island located in the Pacific Ocean, in the archipelago of New Caledonia, an overseas collectivity of France. The island is part of the commune (municipality) of L'Île-des-Pins, in the South Province of New Caledonia. The Isle of Pines is nicknamed ' (\"the closest island to Paradise\").",
"title": "Isle of Pines (New Caledonia)"
}
],
"question": "When do we vote for governor in the state where Song of the Pines is set?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Wisconsin",
"id": 740102,
"paragraph_support_idx": 6,
"question": "Song of the Pines >> narrative location"
},
{
"answer": "November 6, 2018",
"id": 91983,
"paragraph_support_idx": 16,
"question": "when do we vote for governor in #1"
}
]
} |
2hop__171417_51682 | When did the country containing Baldonas become part of the Soviet Union? | 5 August 1940 | [
"5 August 1940"
] | {
"answer": "5 August 1940",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__171417_51682",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Pechora Radar Station () is an early warning radar near Pechora in the Komi Republic, northern Russia. It is a key part of the Russian early warning system against missile attack and was built by the Soviet Union, becoming operational in 1984. It is run by the Russian Aerospace Defence Forces.",
"title": "Pechora Radar Station"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The PTBT was signed by the governments of the Soviet Union, United Kingdom, and United States in Moscow on 5 August 1963 before being opened for signature by other countries. The treaty formally went into effect on 10 October 1963. Since then, 123 other states have become party to the treaty. Ten states have signed but not ratified the treaty.",
"title": "Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Militarization was another aspect of the Soviet state. Large parts of the country, especially the coastal areas, were closed to all but the Soviet military. Most of the sea shore and all sea islands (including Saaremaa and Hiiumaa) were declared \"border zones\". People not actually residing there were restricted from travelling to them without a permit. A notable closed military installation was the city of Paldiski, which was entirely closed to all public access. The city had a support base for the Soviet Baltic Fleet's submarines and several large military bases, including a nuclear submarine training centre complete with a full-scale model of a nuclear submarine with working nuclear reactors. The Paldiski reactors building passed into Estonian control in 1994 after the last Russian troops left the country. Immigration was another effect of Soviet occupation. Hundreds of thousands of migrants were relocated to Estonia from other parts of the Soviet Union to assist industrialisation and militarisation, contributing an increase of about half a million people within 45 years.",
"title": "Estonia"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Under the 1977 Constitution of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), the Chairman of the Council of Ministers was the head of government and the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet was the head of state. The office of the Chairman of the Council of Ministers was comparable to a prime minister in the First World, whereas the office of the Chairman of the Presidium was comparable to a president in the First World. In the Soviet Union's seventy - year history there was no official leader of the Soviet Union office, but during most of that era there was a de facto top leader who usually led the country through the office of the Premier or the office of the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU). In the ideology of Vladimir Lenin the head of the Soviet state was a collegiate body of the vanguard party (see What Is to Be Done?).",
"title": "List of leaders of the Soviet Union"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The most extreme case was the Soviet Union, and this model may still be followed in some countries: it was a separate service, on a par with the navy or ground force. In the Soviet Union this was called Voyska PVO, and had both fighter aircraft and ground-based systems. This was divided into two arms, PVO Strany, the Strategic Air defence Service responsible for Air Defence of the Homeland, created in 1941 and becoming an independent service in 1954, and PVO SV, Air Defence of the Ground Forces. Subsequently these became part of the air force and ground forces respectively",
"title": "Anti-aircraft warfare"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Italy became a major industrialized country again, due to its post-war economic miracle. The European Union (EU) involved the division of powers, with taxation, health and education handled by the nation states, while the EU had charge of market rules, competition, legal standards and environmentalism. The Soviet economic and political system collapsed, leading to the end of communism in the satellite countries in 1989, and the dissolution of the Soviet Union itself in 1991. As a consequence, Europe's integration deepened, the continent became depolarised, and the European Union expanded to subsequently include many of the formerly communist European countries – Romania and Bulgaria (2007) and Croatia (2013).",
"title": "Southern Europe"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "On 27 October 1981, a Whiskey-class submarine (U 137) from the Soviet Union ran aground close to the naval base at Karlskrona in the southern part of the country. Research has never clearly established whether the submarine ended up on the shoals through a navigational mistake or if an enemy committed espionage against Swedish military potential. The incident triggered a diplomatic crisis between Sweden and the Soviet Union. Following the 1986 assassination of Olof Palme and with the end of the Cold War, Sweden has adopted a more traditional foreign policy approach. Nevertheless, the country remains active in peace keeping missions and maintains a considerable foreign aid budget.",
"title": "Sweden"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "After World War II, eastern European countries such as the Soviet Union, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania and Yugoslavia expelled the Germans from their territories. Many of those had inhabited these lands for centuries, developing a unique culture. Germans were also forced to leave the former eastern territories of Germany, which were annexed by Poland (Silesia, Pomerania, parts of Brandenburg and southern part of East Prussia) and the Soviet Union (northern part of East Prussia). Between 12 and 16,5 million ethnic Germans and German citizens were expelled westwards to allied-occupied Germany.",
"title": "Germans"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Following the Welles Declaration of July 23, 1940, the annexation of Latvia into the Soviet Union (USSR) on 5 August 1940 was not recognized as legitimate by the United States, the European Community, and recognition of it as the nominal fifteenth constituent republic of the USSR was withheld for five decades. Its territory was subsequently conquered by Nazi Germany in June -- July 1941, before being retaken by the Soviets in 1944 -- 1945. Nevertheless, Latvia continued to exist as a de jure independent country with a number of countries continued to recognize Latvian diplomats and consuls who still functioned in the name of their former governments.",
"title": "Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Armenia was annexed by Bolshevist Russia and along with Georgia and Azerbaijan, it was incorporated into the Soviet Union as part of the Transcaucasian SFSR (TSFSR) on 4 March 1922. With this annexation, the Treaty of Alexandropol was superseded by the Turkish-Soviet Treaty of Kars. In the agreement, Turkey allowed the Soviet Union to assume control over Adjara with the port city of Batumi in return for sovereignty over the cities of Kars, Ardahan, and Iğdır, all of which were part of Russian Armenia.",
"title": "Armenia"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Trotsky, and others, believed that the revolution could only succeed in Russia as part of a world revolution. Lenin wrote extensively on the matter and famously declared that Imperialism was the highest stage of capitalism. However, after Lenin's death, Joseph Stalin established 'socialism in one country' for the Soviet Union, creating the model for subsequent inward looking Stalinist states and purging the early Internationalist elements. The internationalist tendencies of the early revolution would be abandoned until they returned in the framework of a client state in competition with the Americans during the Cold War. With the beginning of the new era, the after Stalin period called the \"thaw\", in the late 1950s, the new political leader Nikita Khrushchev put even more pressure on the Soviet-American relations starting a new wave of anti-imperialist propaganda. In his speech on the UN conference in 1960, he announced the continuation of the war on imperialism, stating that soon the people of different countries will come together and overthrow their imperialist leaders. Although the Soviet Union declared itself anti-imperialist, critics argue that it exhibited tendencies common to historic empires. Some scholars hold that the Soviet Union was a hybrid entity containing elements common to both multinational empires and nation states. It has also been argued that the USSR practiced colonialism as did other imperial powers and was carrying on the old Russian tradition of expansion and control. Mao Zedong once argued that the Soviet Union had itself become an imperialist power while maintaining a socialist façade. Moreover, the ideas of imperialism were widely spread in action on the higher levels of government. Non Russian Marxists within the Russian Federation and later the USSR, like Sultan Galiev and Vasyl Shakhrai, considered the Soviet Regime a renewed version of the Russian imperialism and colonialism.",
"title": "Imperialism"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "With an area of 2,700,000 square kilometres (1,000,000 sq mi) – equivalent in size to Western Europe – Kazakhstan is the ninth-largest country and largest landlocked country in the world. While it was part of the Soviet Union, Kazakhstan lost some of its territory to China's Xinjiang autonomous region and some to Uzbekistan's Karakalpakstan autonomous republic.",
"title": "Kazakhstan"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "For its part, the Soviet Union harbored fears of invasion. Having suffered at least 27 million casualties during World War II after being invaded by Nazi Germany in 1941, the Soviet Union was wary of its former ally, the United States, which until late 1949 was the sole possessor of atomic weapons. The United States had used these weapons operationally during World War II, and it could use them again against the Soviet Union, laying waste its cities and military centers. Since the Americans had a much larger air force than the Soviet Union, and the United States maintained advance air bases near Soviet territory, in 1947 Stalin ordered the development of intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) in order to counter the perceived American threat.",
"title": "Space Race"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Pojuschie Gitary ( , \"The Singing Guitars\") were the Soviet Union's first rock band to reach a phenomenal rate of success and popularity in the Soviet Union, Eastern Europe and in other countries. For that reason, they are often nicknamed \"the Soviet Beatles\" in a manner not that different from Hungary's Illés and Poland's Czerwone Gitary, whose name means \"Red Guitars\".",
"title": "Poyushchiye Gitary"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev (15 April (O.S. 3 April) 1894 -- 11 September 1971) was a Soviet politician who led the Soviet Union during part of the Cold War as the First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964, and as Chairman of the Council of Ministers, or Premier, from 1958 to 1964. Khrushchev was responsible for the de-Stalinization of the Soviet Union, for backing the progress of the early Soviet space program, and for several relatively liberal reforms in areas of domestic policy. Khrushchev's party colleagues removed him from power in 1964, replacing him with Leonid Brezhnev as First Secretary and Alexei Kosygin as Premier.",
"title": "Nikita Khrushchev"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Soviet Union created the Eastern Bloc of countries that it occupied, annexing some as Soviet Socialist Republics and maintaining others as satellite states that would later form the Warsaw Pact. The United States and various western European countries began a policy of \"containment\" of communism and forged myriad alliances to this end, including NATO. Several of these western countries also coordinated efforts regarding the rebuilding of western Europe, including western Germany, which the Soviets opposed. In other regions of the world, such as Latin America and Southeast Asia, the Soviet Union fostered communist revolutionary movements, which the United States and many of its allies opposed and, in some cases, attempted to \"roll back\". Many countries were prompted to align themselves with the nations that would later form either NATO or the Warsaw Pact, though other movements would also emerge.",
"title": "Modern history"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "As African states became independent in the 1960s, the Soviet Union offered many of their citizens the chance to study in Russia. Over a period of 40 years, about 400,000 African students from various countries moved to Russia to pursue higher studies, including many Black Africans. This extended beyond the Soviet Union to many countries of the Eastern bloc.",
"title": "Black people"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "After his release, Rodoljub Čolaković emigrated to the Soviet Union and later took part in the Spanish Civil War on the Republican side.",
"title": "Rodoljub Čolaković"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Baldonas is a village in Penkule Parish and Dobele Municipality in the historical region of Zemgale, and the Zemgale Planning Region in Latvia.",
"title": "Baldonas"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "After the Russian Revolution and the Russian Civil War the ships of the fleet became dispersed over various countries, and Soviet Russia made efforts via international courts to have them returned. Dobroflot was restored in the Soviet Union in 1922 and included into the Sovtorgflot (\"Soviet Commercial Fleet\") in 1925.",
"title": "Dobroflot"
}
],
"question": "When did the country containing Baldonas become part of the Soviet Union?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Latvia",
"id": 171417,
"paragraph_support_idx": 18,
"question": "Baldonas >> country"
},
{
"answer": "5 August 1940",
"id": 51682,
"paragraph_support_idx": 8,
"question": "when did #1 become part of the soviet union"
}
]
} |
2hop__145016_766780 | In which area is the city where George Leonard Trapp was born? | Metro Vancouver | [
"Metro Vancouver"
] | {
"answer": "Metro Vancouver",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__145016_766780",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:",
"title": "Biysky District"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Henichesk Raion () is one of the 18 administrative raions (districts) of Kherson Oblast in southern Ukraine. Its administrative centre is located in the city of Henichesk. Population:",
"title": "Henichesk Raion"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.",
"title": "Territory of Papua"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "George Edwards was the son of a carpenter John Edwards and his wife Elizabeth Brown, as stated in his baptism certificate in the parish of Saint Leonard's of London.",
"title": "George Edwards Brown"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Podolsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast just south of the federal city of Moscow. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Podolsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 82,488 (2010 Census);",
"title": "Podolsky District"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Eastern Bengal and Assam was an administrative subdivision (province) of the British Raj between 1905 and 1912. Headquartered in the city of Dacca, it covered territories in what are now Bangladesh, Northeast India and Northern West Bengal.",
"title": "Eastern Bengal and Assam"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "He was born in New Westminster, British Columbia, the son of Thomas John Trapp, was educated at McGill College and joined the Royal Navy Air Service (RNAS) in 1916, serving with No. 10 Naval Squadron. He claimed his first three victories flying Sopwith Triplanes in August 1917 and two more victories in September while flying Sopwith Camels. Trapp was killed in action in November when he was shot down by Bruno Justinius of Bavarian Jasta 35. He had claimed one more victory that morning before being shot down in the afternoon.",
"title": "George Leonard Trapp"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states.",
"title": "States of Germany"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "George Leonard Trager (; March 22, 1906 – August 31, 1992) was an American linguist. He was the president of the Linguistic Society of America in 1960.",
"title": "George L. Trager"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Słupsk County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Pomeranian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the Baltic coast. It came into being on 1 January 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Słupsk, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The only towns in Słupsk County are Ustka, a coastal resort north-west of Słupsk, and Kępice, south of Słupsk.",
"title": "Słupsk County"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.",
"title": "Bogotá"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:",
"title": "Khabarovsky District"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Olsztyn Voivodeship () was an administrative division and unit of local government in Poland in the years 1945-75, and a new territorial division between 1975–1998, superseded by Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. Its capital city was Olsztyn.",
"title": "Olsztyn Voivodeship"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Robert Bernat (born July 3, 1931 Johnstown, Pennsylvania – died December 3, 1994) was an American composer and the founder, artistic director, and conductorof the River City Brass Band in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. His musical influences included his mentor, Aaron Copland, as well as other American composers including Leonard Bernstein, George Gershwin, and John Philip Sousa.",
"title": "Robert Bernat"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Khmelnytskyi Raion (, ) is one of the 20 administrative raions (a \"district\") of the Khmelnytskyi Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center is located in the city of Khmelnytskyi. Even though the city of Khmelnytskyi is separate from the raion's government, it still serves as its administrative center in addition to its role as that of the Khmelnytskyi Oblast's administrative center. Its population was 53,686 in the 2001 Ukrainian Census and 52,906 .",
"title": "Khmelnytskyi Raion"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Thomas Rutherford Bacon came from a family of preachers: he was the son of Leonard Bacon and the brother of Leonard Woolsey Bacon, Edward Woolsey Bacon (of New London, Connecticut), and George B. Bacon, all Congregational preachers.",
"title": "Thomas Rutherford Bacon"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Municipio XIX was an administrative subdivision of the city of Rome. Following the administrative reform of 11 March 2013, it was suppressed and merged into the new, and coextensive, Municipio XIV. Its territory is situated to the north-west part of the municipality of Rome.",
"title": "Municipio XIX"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "According to Maria von Trapp's memoirs, Georg von Trapp found himself in a vexing situation after the German takeover of Austria in 1938. He was offered a commission in the German Navy, a tempting proposition for a Captain without a navy, but decided to decline the offer, being opposed to Nazi ideology. Knowing that he could not decline the offer without the threat of arrest, possibly for his entire family, von Trapp decided to leave Austria. The family took a train to Italy, then sailed to the United States for their first concert tour, then in 1939 went back to Europe to tour Scandinavia, hoping to continue their concerts in cities beyond the reach of the Third Reich. During this time, they went back to Salzburg for a few months before returning to Sweden to finish the tour. From there, they traveled to Norway to begin the trip back to the United States in September 1939.",
"title": "Georg von Trapp"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.",
"title": "Vilnius County"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Central Valley Greenway (CVG) is a 24-kilometre pedestrian and cyclist route in Metro Vancouver, running from Science World in Vancouver to New Westminster, through Burnaby. The greenway officially opened on June 27, 2009, with opening celebrations, guided bike tours, and walking tours on sections of the route. Despite its official opening, some sections are complete on an interim basis and are anticipated to be upgraded in the future.",
"title": "Central Valley Greenway"
}
],
"question": "In which area is the city where George Leonard Trapp was born?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "New Westminster",
"id": 145016,
"paragraph_support_idx": 6,
"question": "What was George Leonard Trapp's city of birth?"
},
{
"answer": "Metro Vancouver",
"id": 766780,
"paragraph_support_idx": 19,
"question": "#1 >> located in the administrative territorial entity"
}
]
} |
2hop__15010_14960 | What is the size of the continent found at the coldest of the two poles? | 14,000,000 square kilometres | [
"14,000,000 square kilometres"
] | {
"answer": "14,000,000 square kilometres",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__15010_14960",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Early Cretaceous spans from 145 million to 100 million years ago. The Early Cretaceous saw the expansion of seaways, and as a result, the decline and extinction of sauropods (except in South America). Many coastal shallows were created, and that caused Ichthyosaurs to die out. Mosasaurs evolved to replace them as head of the seas. Some island-hopping dinosaurs, like Eustreptospondylus, evolved to cope with the coastal shallows and small islands of ancient Europe. Other dinosaurs rose up to fill the empty space that the Jurassic-Cretaceous extinction left behind, such as Carcharodontosaurus and Spinosaurus. Of the most successful would be the Iguanodon which spread to every continent. Seasons came back into effect and the poles got seasonally colder, but dinosaurs still inhabited this area like the Leaellynasaura which inhabited the polar forests year-round, and many dinosaurs migrated there during summer like Muttaburrasaurus. Since it was too cold for crocodiles, it was the last stronghold for large amphibians, like Koolasuchus. Pterosaurs got larger as species like Tapejara and Ornithocheirus evolved.",
"title": "Mesozoic"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Glenn Graham (January 17, 1904 – July 1986) was an American athlete who competed in the men's pole vault. He competed in Athletics at the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris and won silver, behind fellow American pole vaulter Lee Barnes who won gold.",
"title": "Glen Graham"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Mary M. Poling (born November 23, 1946 in Barbour County, West Virginia) is an American politician and a Democratic member of the West Virginia House of Delegates representing District 47 since January 12, 2013. Poling served consecutively from January 2001 until January 2013 in the District 40 seat.",
"title": "Mary Poling"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Conquest of the Pole () is a 1912 French silent film directed by and starring Georges Méliès. The film, loosely inspired by contemporary events and by Jules Verne's \"Voyages Extraordinaires\", follows the comic misadventures of an international group of explorers on an expedition to the North Pole, where they encounter a man-eating frost giant and a dangerous magnetic needle.",
"title": "The Conquest of the Pole"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Antarctica is colder than the Arctic for three reasons. First, much of the continent is more than 3,000 m (9,800 ft) above sea level, and temperature decreases with elevation in the troposphere. Second, the Arctic Ocean covers the north polar zone: the ocean's relative warmth is transferred through the icepack and prevents temperatures in the Arctic regions from reaching the extremes typical of the land surface of Antarctica. Third, the Earth is at aphelion in July (i.e., the Earth is farthest from the Sun in the Antarctic winter), and the Earth is at perihelion in January (i.e., the Earth is closest to the Sun in the Antarctic summer). The orbital distance contributes to a colder Antarctic winter (and a warmer Antarctic summer) but the first two effects have more impact.",
"title": "Antarctica"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Antarctica (US English i/æntˈɑːrktɪkə/, UK English /ænˈtɑːktɪkə/ or /ænˈtɑːtɪkə/ or /ænˈɑːtɪkə/)[Note 1] is Earth's southernmost continent, containing the geographic South Pole. It is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean. At 14,000,000 square kilometres (5,400,000 square miles), it is the fifth-largest continent in area after Asia, Africa, North America, and South America. For comparison, Antarctica is nearly twice the size of Australia. About 98% of Antarctica is covered by ice that averages 1.9 km (1.2 mi; 6,200 ft) in thickness, which extends to all but the northernmost reaches of the Antarctic Peninsula.",
"title": "Antarctica"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The size of the basketball is also regulated. For men, the official ball is 29.5 inches (75 cm) in circumference (size 7, or a \"295 ball\") and weighs 22 oz (623.69 grams). If women are playing, the official basketball size is 28.5 inches (72 cm) in circumference (size 6, or a \"285 ball\") with a weight of 20 oz (567 grams). In 3x3, a formalized version of the halfcourt 3-on-3 game, a dedicated ball with the circumference of a size 6 ball but the weight of a size 7 ball is used in all competitions (men's, women's, and mixed teams).",
"title": "Basketball"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 2007, it was discovered that the upper troposphere of Neptune's south pole was about 10 K warmer than the rest of its atmosphere, which averages approximately 73 K (−200 °C). The temperature differential is enough to let methane, which elsewhere is frozen in the troposphere, escape into the stratosphere near the pole. The relative \"hot spot\" is due to Neptune's axial tilt, which has exposed the south pole to the Sun for the last quarter of Neptune's year, or roughly 40 Earth years. As Neptune slowly moves towards the opposite side of the Sun, the south pole will be darkened and the north pole illuminated, causing the methane release to shift to the north pole.",
"title": "Neptune"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Graff is 5 ft 8 in (1.73 m) tall. In 2004, she set her personal best (PB) in the 5000m run at 15: 56.30; she set her outdoor pole vault PB at 4.17 m (13 ft 8 in); and indoor pole vault PB at 4.20 m (13 ft 9 in). Graff held the pole vault record at Georgia Tech and University of Nebraska.",
"title": "Jessie Graff"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The largest living species is the emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri): on average, adults are about 1.1 m (3 ft 7 in) tall and weigh 35 kg (77 lb). The smallest penguin species is the little blue penguin (Eudyptula minor), also known as the fairy penguin, which stands around 40 cm (16 in) tall and weighs 1 kg (2.2 lb). Among extant penguins, larger penguins inhabit colder regions, while smaller penguins are generally found in temperate or even tropical climates (see also Bergmann's rule). Some prehistoric species attained enormous sizes, becoming as tall or as heavy as an adult human. These were not restricted to Antarctic regions; on the contrary, subantarctic regions harboured high diversity, and at least one giant penguin occurred in a region around 2,000 km south of the equator 35 mya, in a climate decidedly warmer than today.",
"title": "Penguin"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Autumn weather in Minnesota is marked by the rapid decrease of severe thunderstorms, dramatic cooling, and eventually the possibility of blizzards. With summer - time heat still prevalent in the southern U.S. and colder air quickly taking hold in Canada, Minnesota can be affected by wide temperature swings in short periods of time. Because of this, the jet stream, which tends to weaken during the summer months, begins to re-strengthen. This leads to quicker changes in weather patterns and increasingly strong storm systems. As autumn moves on, these storm systems bring with them progressively colder air, eventually changing the rain over snow, generally starting in October in the northern part of the state and November in the south. From September to December the average temperature in the state falls by approximately 43 ° F (23 ° C), the largest such temperature swing within any Minnesota season.",
"title": "Climate of Minnesota"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ferrari driver Sebastian Vettel was the defending race winner. Lewis Hamilton started the race from pole -- his seventh pole position in Australia, a record for the event -- while Vettel successfully defended his race win, the forty - eighth of his career.",
"title": "2018 Australian Grand Prix"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The North Pole is the northernmost point on the Earth, lying diametrically opposite the South Pole. It defines geodetic latitude 90 ° North, as well as the direction of true north. At the North Pole all directions point south; all lines of longitude converge there, so its longitude can be defined as any degree value. Along tight latitude circles, counterclockwise is east and clockwise is west. The North Pole is at the center of the Northern Hemisphere.",
"title": "North Pole"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The International Date Line (IDL) is an imaginary line of demarcation on the surface of Earth that runs from the North Pole to the South Pole and demarcates the change of one calendar day to the next. It passes through the middle of the Pacific Ocean, roughly following the 180 ° line of longitude but deviating to pass around some territories and island groups.",
"title": "International Date Line"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Antarctica is the coldest of Earth's continents. The coldest natural temperature ever recorded on Earth was −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F) at the Soviet (now Russian) Vostok Station in Antarctica on 21 July 1983. For comparison, this is 10.7 °C (20 °F) colder than subliming dry ice at one atmosphere of partial pressure, but since CO2 only makes up 0.039% of air, temperatures of less than −150 °C (−238 °F) would be needed to produce dry ice snow in Antarctica. Antarctica is a frozen desert with little precipitation; the South Pole itself receives less than 10 cm (4 in) per year, on average. Temperatures reach a minimum of between −80 °C (−112 °F) and −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F) in the interior in winter and reach a maximum of between 5 °C (41 °F) and 15 °C (59 °F) near the coast in summer. Sunburn is often a health issue as the snow surface reflects almost all of the ultraviolet light falling on it. Given the latitude, long periods of constant darkness or constant sunlight create climates unfamiliar to human beings in much of the rest of the world.",
"title": "Antarctica"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Katherine de la Pole (1410/11 – 1473) was the oldest daughter of Michael de la Pole, 2nd Earl of Suffolk and Katherine de Stafford.",
"title": "Katherine de la Pole"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In the mid-1950s, the United States bedding industry introduced a new size: the king size. A king - sized bed differs from the other sizes in implementation, as it is not common to have a king - sized box spring; rather, two smaller box - springs are used under a king - sized mattress. It is a common misconception that in a US ``standard ''or`` Eastern king'', the box springs are identical in size to a ``twin extra-long ''; however,`` twin extra-long'' mattresses next to each other add up to 78 inches (200 cm) wide instead of the 76 inches (190 cm) width that is standard for an ``eastern king ''. Another size variant in the United States is the`` California king'', which measures 72 by 84 inches (180 cm × 210 cm) long (narrower but longer than the standard king).",
"title": "Bed"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Mercedes driver Lewis Hamilton started the race from pole, matching Ayrton Senna's record of six pole positions in Australia. Sebastian Vettel won the race, which was his and Ferrari's first win since the 2015 Singapore Grand Prix. Hamilton finished second, with Valtteri Bottas completing the podium in third on his début for Mercedes.",
"title": "2017 Australian Grand Prix"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Bruce Simpson (born March 6, 1950 in Toronto, Ontario) is a retired male pole vaulter from Canada. He set his personal best (5.38 metres) in the men's pole vault on 13 February 1976 at a meet in Toronto.",
"title": "Bruce Simpson (athlete)"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Eight Diagram Pole Fighter is a 1983 Hong Kong film by Shaw Brothers, directed by Lau Kar-leung and starring Gordon Liu and Alexander Fu in his final film appearance. It was released as The Invincible Pole Fighters outside of Hong Kong and Invincible Pole Fighter in North America.",
"title": "The Eight Diagram Pole Fighter"
}
],
"question": "What is the size of the continent found at the coldest of the two poles?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Antarctica",
"id": 15010,
"paragraph_support_idx": 4,
"question": "Which of the the poles is colder?"
},
{
"answer": "14,000,000 square kilometres",
"id": 14960,
"paragraph_support_idx": 5,
"question": "What is the size of #1 ?"
}
]
} |
2hop__320_89145 | When did the soda company Beyonce partnered with since 2002 change from sugar to corn syrup? | the 1980s | [
"the 1980s"
] | {
"answer": "the 1980s",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__320_89145",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Microsoft India Private Limited is a subsidiary of American software company Microsoft Corporation, headquartered in Hyderabad, India. The company first entered the Indian market in 1990 and has since worked closely with the Indian government, the IT industry, academia and the local developer community to usher in some of the early successes in the IT market. Microsoft currently has offices in the 9 cities of Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Chennai, Hyderabad, Kochi, Kolkata, Mumbai, the NCR (New Delhi and Gurgaon) and Pune. Increasingly, the company has become a key IT partner of the Indian government and industry, supporting and fueling the growth of the local IT industry through its partner enablement programs. Since its entry into India, Microsoft has focused on three key objectives:",
"title": "Microsoft India"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Aspen Soda was an apple-flavored soft drink sold across the United States by PepsiCo from 1978 until 1982. In 1984, PepsiCo came out with a replacement apple soda under its new Slice line.",
"title": "Aspen Soda"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Sugar Land is a city in Fort Bend County, Texas, United States, located in the southwestern part of the Houston -- The Woodlands -- Sugar Land metropolitan area. Located approximately 19 miles (31 km) southwest of Downtown Houston, Sugar Land is a populous suburban municipality centered around the junction of Texas State Highway 6 and U.S. Route 59. Beginning in the 19th century, the present - day Sugar Land area was home to a large sugar plantation situated in the fertile floodplain of the Brazos River. Following the consolidation of local plantations into Imperial Sugar Company in 1908, Sugar Land grew steadily as a company town and incorporated as a city in 1959. Since then, Sugar Land has grown rapidly alongside other edge cities around Houston, with large - scale development of master - planned communities contributing to population swells since the 1980s.",
"title": "Sugar Land, Texas"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "A&W Cream Soda is a cream soda carbonated soft drink introduced by A&W Root Beer in 1986. A&W Root Beer was first sold at a Veterans Day parade in Lodi, California in 1919 and the company established in 1922 by Frank Wright and Roy Allen. The first product they created was A & W Root Beer. It was not until 1986 that A&W Brands, headquartered in White Plains, N.Y. introduced A&W Cream Soda and A&W Diet Cream Soda through its network of franchised bottlers and distributors. Although cream soda had been created in 1852 by E.M. Sheldon, A&W Brands was one of the first American companies to make it commercially. In 1993, A&W Brands was purchased by Cadbury/Schweppes, and in 1995 Cadbury/Schweppes purchased the Dr. Pepper/Seven-Up Company, which made A&W a part of the Dr. Pepper/Seven Up, Inc. In 2001, DPSU purchased the Snapple Beverage Group (formally TriArc Beverages), and moved the New York-based company operations to its new headquarters in Plano, Texas. This acquisition put A&W within the same company as the top soda brand companies and made A&W Cream Soda the top brand in cream sodas.",
"title": "A&W Cream Soda"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Soda Springs (also, Soda Spring and Singleys Soda Spring) is an unincorporated community in Mendocino County, California. It is located northeast of Boonville, at an elevation of 1388 feet (423 m).",
"title": "Soda Springs (near Boonville), Mendocino County, California"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "On May 5, 2002, the World Wrestling Federation announced it was changing both its company name and the name of its wrestling promotion to World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). Although mainly caused by an unfavorable ruling in its dispute with the World Wildlife Fund regarding the ``WWF ''initialism, the company noted it provided an opportunity to emphasize its focus on entertainment.",
"title": "WWE"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Beyoncé has worked with Pepsi since 2002, and in 2004 appeared in a Gladiator-themed commercial with Britney Spears, Pink, and Enrique Iglesias. In 2012, Beyoncé signed a $50 million deal to endorse Pepsi. The Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPINET) wrote Beyoncé an open letter asking her to reconsider the deal because of the unhealthiness of the product and to donate the proceeds to a medical organisation. Nevertheless, NetBase found that Beyoncé's campaign was the most talked about endorsement in April 2013, with a 70 per cent positive audience response to the commercial and print ads.",
"title": "Beyoncé"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "High - fructose corn syrup (HFCS) (also called glucose - fructose, isoglucose and glucose - fructose syrup) is a sweetener made from corn starch that has been processed by glucose isomerase to convert some of its glucose into fructose. HFCS was first marketed in the early 1970s by the Clinton Corn Processing Company, together with the Japanese Agency of Industrial Science and Technology where the enzyme was discovered in 1965.",
"title": "High-fructose corn syrup"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Lasantha Abeywickrama (born January 27, 1963 in Colombo, Sri Lanka) is a prominent business consultant in Sri Lanka. He is currently the managing director of DiventarsTraining and Symbiosis Business Partners. In 2001 and 2002 he was the chairman of the Chartered Institute of Marketing (CIM) in Sri-Lanka, and he has contributed to a large number of consulting and training programs for local and foreign companies.",
"title": "Lasantha Abeywickrama"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Prince of Wales is a cocktail created by Albert Edward, Prince of Wales, who later becomes King Edward VII. There are several variations of the cocktail, but what they usually have in common is champagne, angostura bitters, sugar (or simple syrup), either rye whiskey or cognac, and a liqueur.",
"title": "Prince of Wales (cocktail)"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Queer Eye is an American reality television series that premiered on the cable television network Bravo during July 2003. The program's original name Queer Eye for the Straight Guy was changed after the third season to generalize the scope of its content. The series was created by executive producers David Collins and Michael Williams along with their producing partner David Metzler; it was produced by their production company, Scout Productions.",
"title": "Queer Eye"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Swazi economy is very closely linked to the economy of South Africa, from which it receives over 90% of its imports and to which it sends about 70% of its exports. Swaziland's other key trading partners are the United States and the EU, from whom the country has received trade preferences for apparel exports (under the African Growth and Opportunity Act – AGOA – to the US) and for sugar (to the EU). Under these agreements, both apparel and sugar exports did well, with rapid growth and a strong inflow of foreign direct investment. Textile exports grew by over 200% between 2000 and 2005 and sugar exports increasing by more than 50% over the same period.",
"title": "Eswatini"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Pepsi - Cola Made with Real Sugar, formerly called Throwback, is a brand of soft drink sold by PepsiCo in the United States and in sweet stores in South Australia for its flagship Pepsi and Mountain Dew brands. The drinks, called Pepsi Throwback and Mountain Dew Throwback, are named as such because they are flavored with cane sugar and beet sugar instead of high fructose corn syrup, which soft drink companies used to replace sugar (in their North American products) in the 1980s. In addition, these drinks use retro packaging. As of June 2014, Pepsi Throwback has been replaced in one area of the United States by ``Pepsi - Cola Made with Real Sugar '', a new product formulation, also made without high fructose corn syrup.",
"title": "Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Kellogg's was founded as the Battle Creek Toasted Corn Flake Company on February 19, 1906, by Will Keith Kellogg as an outgrowth of his work with his brother John Harvey Kellogg at the Battle Creek Sanitarium following practices based on the Seventh - day Adventist Church. The company produced and marketed the hugely successful Kellogg's Toasted Corn Flakes and was renamed the Kellogg Company in 1922.",
"title": "Kellogg's"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Sweetened potato casserole (Finnish \"imelletty perunalaatikko\") is a traditional Finnish dish from Päijät-Häme, eaten elsewhere in Finland at Christmastime. It is prepared by letting puréed potatoes, mixed with wheat flour, stand at a temperature of around 50°C (122°F). The amylase in the flour will start to break down the potato’s starches to shorter carbohydrate chains, that is sugars. The temperature cannot exceed 75°C (167°F); otherwise, the amylase molecules will break down. Through this process, the dish gets its distinct sweet flavour; nowadays, however, dark syrup (Finnish \"tumma siirappi\") can be added to give it sweetness. Dark syrup is made from sugarcane and it's the most common type of syrup in Finland. It has a similar taste to molasses, but is sweeter.",
"title": "Imelletty perunalaatikko"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Liberator Magazine is a publication/production company started by Brian Kasoro, Gayle Smaller, Tazz Hunter, Kenya McKnight, Marcus Harcus and Mike Clark in Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. The company's first release was published July 21, 2002. Originally known as \"The Minneapolis Liberator\", the company's name was later changed to \"The Liberator Magazine\" when it was incorporated and expanded onto the internet.",
"title": "The Liberator Magazine"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Cott Beverage Corporation was founded in 1923 by Solomon Cott, a Polish immigrant, and his son Harry, in Port Chester, New York. Harry Pencer, a clothier from Montreal, Quebec, Canada, began to import Cott sodas into Quebec, Canada, in 1952. In 1955 Pencer acquired the Canadian rights to the Cott label and established Cott Beverages (Canada) Ltd., to bottle the Cott line of sodas. From 1976 to 1991, Cott expanded its distribution throughout Canada and back into the U.S. and into Europe. In 1969, the name was changed to Cott Beverages Ltd., and in 1991 to Cott Corporation.",
"title": "Cott"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Shamishi are semolina fried pies that have been produced in Cyprus since at least the 19th century and they are considered a traditional delicacy of the cuisine of Cyprus. Shamishi are known as a dessert that is served hot in special occasions such as weddings and local religious feasts usually along with loukoumades and water and it is a variety of fried pastry filled with halva and semolina. In addition to halva and semolina, shamishi includes ingredients like flour, water, sugar, mastic, oil (corn or groundnut oil), salt, among others.",
"title": "Shamishi"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Sir James Rankin, 1st Baronet (25 December 1842 – 17 April 1915) was a Conservative Party politician in the United Kingdom. He was Member of Parliament for Leominster from 1880 to 1885, and from 1886 until the general election of 1906, losing the seat by only 28 votes to the Liberal candidate. He regained the seat in January 1910 and resigned in March 1912. He was made a Baronet on 20 June 1898, of Bryngwyn (Bryngwyn Manor, near Wormelow Tump), Herefordshire. He was a senior partner of the family timber and shipbuilding company, Pollok, Gilmour and Company. The Rankin Constitutional Club, in Corn Square, Leominster, is named after him.",
"title": "Sir James Rankin, 1st Baronet"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Es Teler is a fruit cocktail from Indonesia. Avocado, coconut meat, cincau, jackfruit and other fruits are served with coconut milk, sweetened condensed milk, \"Pandanus amaryllifolius\" leaf (normally in the form of cocopandan syrup), sugar, and a tiny amount of salt.",
"title": "Es teler"
}
],
"question": "When did the soda company Beyonce partnered with since 2002 change from sugar to corn syrup?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Pepsi",
"id": 320,
"paragraph_support_idx": 6,
"question": "Which soda company has Beyonce partnered with since 2002?"
},
{
"answer": "the 1980s",
"id": 89145,
"paragraph_support_idx": 12,
"question": "when did #1 change from sugar to corn syrup"
}
]
} |
3hop1__48523_777020_65254 | when was the last time the death penalty was used in the state with capital where was season 11 of property brothers was filmed? | 2 December 2009 | [
"2 December 2009"
] | {
"answer": "2 December 2009",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "3hop1__48523_777020_65254",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Four states in the modern era, Nebraska in 2008, New York and Kansas in 2004, and Massachusetts in 1984, had their statutes ruled unconstitutional by state courts. The death rows of New York and Massachusetts were disestablished, and attempts to restore the death penalty were unsuccessful. Kansas successfully appealed State v. Kleypas, the Kansas Supreme Court decision that declared the state's death penalty statute unconstitutional, to the United States Supreme Court. Nebraska's death penalty statute was rendered ineffective on February 8, 2008 when the required method, electrocution, was ruled unconstitutional by the Nebraska Supreme Court. In 2009, Nebraska enacted a bill that changed its method of execution to lethal injection.",
"title": "Capital punishment in the United States"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The William R. Snodgrass Tennessee Tower (also known as the Tennessee Tower) is a skyscraper in downtown Nashville, Tennessee, that houses Tennessee government offices. The tower was built for the National Life and Accident Insurance Company and served as its National Life Center until the State of Tennessee acquired it on January 3, 1994. More than 1,000 state employees who had been assigned to numerous locations now work in the building.",
"title": "William R. Snodgrass Tennessee Tower"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "At the time of their father's death the two brothers made an agreement to be each other's heir. However this peace lasted less than a year when barons joined with Robert to displace Rufus in the Rebellion of 1088. It was not a success, in part because Robert never showed up to support the English rebels.",
"title": "Robert Curthose"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Puerto Rico's constitution expressly forbids capital punishment, stating \"The death penalty shall not exist\", setting it apart from all U.S. states and territories other than Michigan, which also has a constitutional prohibition (eleven other states and the District of Columbia have abolished capital punishment through statutory law). However, capital punishment is still applicable to offenses committed in Puerto Rico, if they fall under the jurisdiction of the federal government, though federal death penalty prosecutions there have generated significant controversy.",
"title": "Capital punishment in the United States"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "During the last three minutes of a half, the penalty for failure to place the ball in play within the 20-second play clock, known as \"time count\" (this foul is known as \"delay of game\" in American football), is dramatically different from during the first 27 minutes. Instead of the penalty being 5 yards with the down repeated, the base penalty (except during convert attempts) becomes loss of down on first or second down, and 10 yards on third down with the down repeated. In addition, as noted previously, the referee can give possession to the defence for repeated deliberate time count violations on third down.",
"title": "Canadian football"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "James Liebman, a professor of law at Columbia Law School, stated in 1996 that his study found that when habeas corpus petitions in death penalty cases were traced from conviction to completion of the case that there was \"a 40 percent success rate in all capital cases from 1978 to 1995.\" Similarly, a study by Ronald Tabak in a law review article puts the success rate in habeas corpus cases involving death row inmates even higher, finding that between \"1976 and 1991, approximately 47 percent of the habeas petitions filed by death row inmates were granted.\" The different numbers are largely definitional, rather than substantive. Freedam's statistics looks at the percentage of all death penalty cases reversed, while the others look only at cases not reversed prior to habeas corpus review.",
"title": "Capital punishment in the United States"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The phrase \"The Long Gray Line\" is used to describe, as a continuum, all graduates and cadets of the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York. Many of the scenes in the film were shot on location at West Point, including the \"million dollar view\" of the Hudson River near the parade grounds. The film was the last one in which actor Robert Francis appeared before his death at age 25 in an air crash. His rising stardom had reached third billing behind Power and O'Hara at the time of his death.",
"title": "The Long Gray Line"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "After Morsi was ousted by the military, the judiciary system aligned itself with the new government, actively suopporting the repression of Muslim Brotherhood members. This resulted in a sharp increase in mass death sentences that arose criticism from the US president Barack Obama and the General Secretary of the UN, Ban Ki Moon. In April 2013, one judge of the Minya governatorate of Upper Egypt, sentenced 1,212 people to death. In December 2014 the judge Mohammed Nagi Shahata, notorious for his fierceness in passing on death sentences, condemened to the capital penalty 188 members of the Muslim Brotherhood, for assaulting a police station. Various Egyptian and international human rights organisations have already pointed out the lack of fair trials, that often last only a few minutes and do not take into consideration the procedural standards of fair trials.",
"title": "Egypt"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Capital punishment was suspended in the United States from 1972 through 1976 primarily as a result of the Supreme Court's decision in Furman v. Georgia. The last pre-Furman execution was that of Luis Monge on June 2, 1967. In this case, the court found that the death penalty was being imposed in an unconstitutional manner, on the grounds of cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The Supreme Court has never ruled the death penalty to be per se unconstitutional.",
"title": "Capital punishment in the United States"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Executed person Date of execution Method Murder victim (s) Under Governor Robert Glen Coe 19 April 2000 lethal injection Cary Ann Medlin Don Sundquist Sedley Alley 28 June 2006 U.S. Marine Corps Lance Corporal Suzanne Marie Collins Phil Bredesen Philip Workman 9 May 2007 Memphis Police Lieutenant Ronald Oliver Daryl Holton 12 September 2007 electrocution Stephen Holton, Brent Holton, Eric Holton, Kayla Holton Steve Henley 4 February 2009 lethal injection Fred and Edna Stafford 6 Cecil Johnson 2 December 2009 Bobby Bell Jr., James Moore, Charles House",
"title": "List of people executed in Tennessee"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Capital punishment is a legal penalty in the United States, currently used by 31 states, the federal government, and the military. Its existence can be traced to the beginning of the American colonies. The United States is the only Western country currently applying the death penalty, one of 58 countries worldwide applying it, and was the first to develop lethal injection as a method of execution, which has since been adopted by five other countries.",
"title": "Capital punishment in the United States"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Capital punishment is a legal penalty in the United States, currently used by 31 states and the federal government. Its existence can be traced to the beginning of the American colonies. The United States is the only Western country currently applying the death penalty, one of 57 countries worldwide applying it, and was the first to develop lethal injection as a method of execution, which has since been adopted by five other countries.",
"title": "Capital punishment in the United States"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Capital punishment in Canada dates back to Canada's earliest history, including its period as a French colony and, after 1763, its time as a British colony. From 1867 to the elimination of the death penalty for murder on July 14, 1976, 1,481 people had been sentenced to death, and 710 had been executed. Of those executed, 697 were men and 13 were women. The only method used in Canada for capital punishment of civilians after the end of the French regime was hanging. The last execution in Canada was the double hanging of Arthur Lucas and Ronald Turpin on December 11, 1962, at Toronto's Don Jail.",
"title": "Capital punishment in Canada"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Democratic Governor Pat Quinn signed legislation on March 9, 2011 to abolish the death penalty in Illinois to go into effect July 1, 2011, and commuted the death sentences of the fifteen inmates on Illinois' death row to life imprisonment. Quinn was criticized for signing the bill after saying that he supported the death penalty during the 2010 gubernatorial campaign after which he defeated the Republican candidate with 50.4% of the vote.",
"title": "Capital punishment in Illinois"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Capital punishment is a legal penalty in the United States, currently used by 31 states, the federal government, and the military. Its existence can be traced to the beginning of the American colonies. The United States is the only Western country currently applying the death penalty, one of 54 countries worldwide applying it, and was the first to develop lethal injection as a method of execution, which has since been adopted by five other countries.",
"title": "Capital punishment in the United States"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "As noted in the introduction to this article, the American public has maintained its position of support for capital punishment for murder. However, when given a choice between the death penalty and life imprisonment without parole, support has traditionally been significantly lower than polling which has only mentioned the death penalty as a punishment. In 2010, for instance, one poll showed 49 percent favoring the death penalty and 46 percent favoring life imprisonment while in another 61% said they preferred another punishment to the death penalty. The highest level of support for the death penalty recorded overall was 80 percent in 1994 (16 percent opposed), and the lowest recorded was 42 percent in 1966 (47 percent opposed). On the question of the death penalty vs. life without parole, the strongest preference for the death penalty was 61 percent in 1997 (29 percent favoring life), and the lowest preference for the death penalty was 47 percent in 2006 (48 percent favoring life).",
"title": "Capital punishment in the United States"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ronnie Lee Gardner (January 16, 1961 -- June 18, 2010) was an American criminal who received the death penalty for murder in 1985, and was executed by a firing squad by the state of Utah in 2010. Gardner's case spent nearly 25 years in the court system, prompting the Utah House of Representatives to introduce legislation to limit the number of appeals in capital cases.",
"title": "Ronnie Lee Gardner"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Season HGTV Season Episodes Filming location Season premiere Season finale 13 Toronto January 4, 2011 (2011 - 01 - 04) March 29, 2011 (2011 - 03 - 29) 13 Toronto October 20, 2011 (2011 - 10 - 20) January 31, 2012 (2012 - 01 - 31) 13 Austin February 7, 2012 (2012 - 02 - 07) May 1, 2012 (2012 - 05 - 01) 13 Austin / Toronto September 4, 2012 (2012 - 09 - 04) February 4, 2013 (2013 - 02 - 04) 5 13 Vancouver February 17, 2013 (2013 - 02 - 17) August 22, 2013 (2013 - 08 - 22) 6 13 Atlanta January 12, 2014 (2014 - 01 - 12) Unknown 7 13 Toronto October 27, 2014 (2014 - 10 - 27) Unknown 5 8 13 Westchester County September 14, 2015 (2015 - 09 - 14) October 28, 2015 (2015 - 10 - 28) 9 13 Westchester County Unknown August 22, 2016 (2016 - 08 - 22) 6 10 13 Westchester County October 24, 2016 (2016 - 10 - 24) April 17, 2017 (2017 - 04 - 17) 11 13 Nashville April 24, 2017 (2017 - 04 - 24) February 26, 2018 (2018 - 02 - 26) 7 12 13 Nashville / Toronto March 5, 2018 (2018 - 03 - 05) ()",
"title": "List of Property Brothers episodes"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Leo Echegaray (11 July 1960 – 5 February 1999) was the first Filipino to be meted the death penalty after its reinstatement in the Philippines in 1993, some 23 years after the last judicial execution was carried out. His death sparked national debate over the legality and morality of the death penalty, which was later suspended on 15 April 2006.",
"title": "Leo Echegaray"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "If a defendant is sentenced to death at the trial level, the case then goes into a direct review. The direct review process is a typical legal appeal. An appellate court examines the record of evidence presented in the trial court and the law that the lower court applied and decides whether the decision was legally sound or not. Direct review of a capital sentencing hearing will result in one of three outcomes. If the appellate court finds that no significant legal errors occurred in the capital sentencing hearing, the appellate court will affirm the judgment, or let the sentence stand. If the appellate court finds that significant legal errors did occur, then it will reverse the judgment, or nullify the sentence and order a new capital sentencing hearing. Lastly, if the appellate court finds that no reasonable juror could find the defendant eligible for the death penalty, a rarity, then it will order the defendant acquitted, or not guilty, of the crime for which he/she was given the death penalty, and order him sentenced to the next most severe punishment for which the offense is eligible. About 60 percent survive the process of direct review intact.",
"title": "Capital punishment in the United States"
}
],
"question": "when was the last time the death penalty was used in the state with capital where was season 11 of property brothers was filmed?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Nashville",
"id": 48523,
"paragraph_support_idx": 17,
"question": "where was season 11 of property brothers filmed"
},
{
"answer": "Tennessee",
"id": 777020,
"paragraph_support_idx": 1,
"question": "#1 >> capital of"
},
{
"answer": "2 December 2009",
"id": 65254,
"paragraph_support_idx": 9,
"question": "when was the last time #2 used the death penalty"
}
]
} |
2hop__550790_42092 | What did the conflict in which Desert Patrol Vehicles was used inadvertently do in the early1990s? | radicalize the Islamist movement | [
"radicalize the Islamist movement"
] | {
"answer": "radicalize the Islamist movement",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__550790_42092",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The first commercial designs were introduced in passenger automobiles during the 1970s with limited success and actually caused some fatalities. Broad commercial adoption of airbags occurred in many markets during the late 1980s and early 1990s with a driver airbag, and a front passenger airbag as well on some cars; and many modern vehicles now include six or more units.",
"title": "Airbag"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Hope Chest: The Fredonia Recordings 1982-1983, also known as just Hope Chest, is a 1990 album by 10,000 Maniacs. It compiles tracks from their early releases \"Human Conflict Number Five\" and \"Secrets of the I Ching\". All the tracks on the album are remixed from their original versions.",
"title": "Hope Chest: The Fredonia Recordings 1982–1983"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "An infantry mobility vehicle (IMV) is a wheeled armored personnel carrier (APC) serving as a military patrol, reconnaissance or security vehicle. Examples include the ATF Dingo, Oshkosh, Iveco LMV, M-ATV, AMZ Dzik, AMZ Tur, Mungo ESK, and Bushmaster IMV. This term also applies to those vehicles fielded as part of the MRAP program.",
"title": "Infantry mobility vehicle"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Desert Patrol Vehicle (DPV), formerly called the Fast Attack Vehicle (FAV), is a high-speed, lightly armored sandrail-like vehicle first used in combat during the Gulf War in 1991. Due to their dash speed and off-road mobility, the DPVs were used extensively during Operation Desert Storm. The first U.S. forces to enter Kuwait City were United States Navy SEALs in DPVs.",
"title": "Desert Patrol Vehicle"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Kia Mohave, marketed in North America and China as the Kia Borrego, is a sport-utility vehicle (SUV) manufactured by the South Korea manufacturer Kia Motors. The vehicle debuted in 2008 in the Korean and US markets. The Kia Borrego is named after the Anza-Borrego Desert State Park in California; Borrego means \"bighorned sheep\" which can be found in the state park.",
"title": "Kia Mohave"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Israel has 18,096 kilometers (11,244 mi) of paved roads, and 2.4 million motor vehicles. The number of motor vehicles per 1,000 persons was 324, relatively low with respect to developed countries. Israel has 5,715 buses on scheduled routes, operated by several carriers, the largest of which is Egged, serving most of the country. Railways stretch across 949 kilometers (590 mi) and are operated solely by government-owned Israel Railways (All figures are for 2008). Following major investments beginning in the early to mid-1990s, the number of train passengers per year has grown from 2.5 million in 1990, to 35 million in 2008; railways are also used to transport 6.8 million tons of cargo, per year.",
"title": "Israel"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Designed in the 1980s, the vehicle was manufactured by the Volgograd tractor factory under the industrial index Object 950. The BMD-3 entered service with the VDV in 1990 with only 137 vehicles being produced due to the economic depression. The operators of the BMD-3 are Angola and Russia. As of 2013, 123 BMD-3s and 60 BMD-4s are in service with the Russian Airborne Troops.",
"title": "BMD-3"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The series focuses on a boy named Ryder who leads a pack of search and rescue dogs known as the PAW Patrol. They work together on missions to protect the shoreside community of Adventure Bay. Each dog has a specific set of skills based on a real - life profession, such as a firefighter and a police officer. They all reside in doghouses that can transform into customized vehicles when necessary. They are also equipped with backpacks called ``pup packs ''that contain tools that relate to the pups' jobs.",
"title": "PAW Patrol"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The BRDM-2 (\"Boyevaya Razvedyvatelnaya Dozornaya Mashina\", Боевая Разведывательная Дозорная Машина, literally \"Combat Reconnaissance/Patrol Vehicle\") is an amphibious armoured patrol car used by Russia and the former Soviet Union. It was also known under the designations BTR-40PB, BTR-40P-2 and GAZ 41-08. This vehicle, like many other Soviet designs, has been exported extensively and is in use in at least 38 countries. It was intended to replace the earlier BRDM-1, compared to which it had improved amphibious capabilities and better armament.",
"title": "BRDM-2"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In the early 1970s, Ford and General Motors began offering cars equipped with airbags, initially in government fleet purchased Chevrolet automobiles. GM's Oldsmobile Toronado was the first domestic vehicle to include a passenger airbag. The automaker discontinued the option for its 1977 model year, citing lack of consumer interest. Ford and GM then spent years lobbying against air - bag requirements, claiming that the devices were unfeasible and inappropriate. Chrysler made a driver - side airbag standard on 1988 -- 1989 models, but it was not until the early 1990s that airbags became widespread in American cars.",
"title": "Airbag"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "According to Jan Nattier, the term Mahāyāna \"Great Vehicle\" was originally even an honorary synonym for Bodhisattvayāna \"Bodhisattva Vehicle.\" The Aṣṭasāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra, an early and important Mahayana text, contains a simple and brief definition for the term bodhisattva: \"Because he has enlightenment as his aim, a bodhisattva-mahāsattva is so called.\"",
"title": "Buddhism"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Everest is a Siberian husky who serves as a snow rescue dog in emergencies relating to snow or ice. Her vehicle is a snowmobile. Like Tracker, she does not stay with the PAW Patrol and instead lives at Adventure Bay's ski resort, but will answer a call for assistance whenever her services are needed. She is voiced by Berkley Silverman. Everest, along with Cap'n Turbot, was added to the opening theme in season three.",
"title": "PAW Patrol"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Mitsubishi Toppo is a light recreational vehicle (RV) produced by Mitsubishi Motors from 1990 until 2004, derived from their Minica kei car. The name is a portmanteau of the English \"top\" (roof) and the Japanese \"noppo\" (lanky).",
"title": "Mitsubishi Toppo"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1990 the UN began peace negotiations and on January 16, 1992, a final agreement, The Chapultepec Peace Accords, was signed by the combatants in Mexico City, formally ending the conflict.",
"title": "Salvadoran Civil War"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Gulf War (2 August 1990 -- 28 February 1991), codenamed Operation Desert Shield (2 August 1990 -- 17 January 1991) for operations leading to the buildup of troops and defense of Saudi Arabia and Operation Desert Storm (17 January 1991 -- 28 February 1991) in its combat phase, was a war waged by coalition forces from 35 nations led by the United States against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait.",
"title": "Gulf War"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The first commercial designs were introduced in passenger automobiles during the 1970s with limited success. Broad commercial adoption of airbags occurred in many markets during the late 1980s and early 1990s with a driver airbag, and a front passenger airbag as well on some cars; and many modern vehicles now include six or more units.",
"title": "Airbag"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Another factor in the early 1990s that worked to radicalize the Islamist movement was the Gulf War, which brought several hundred thousand US and allied non-Muslim military personnel to Saudi Arabian soil to put an end to Saddam Hussein's occupation of Kuwait. Prior to 1990 Saudi Arabia played an important role in restraining the many Islamist groups that received its aid. But when Saddam, secularist and Ba'athist dictator of neighboring Iraq, attacked Saudi Arabia (his enemy in the war), western troops came to protect the Saudi monarchy. Islamists accused the Saudi regime of being a puppet of the west.",
"title": "Islamism"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "First unveiled in June 2004, it is the successor to the Battle Dress Uniform (BDU) and Desert Camouflage Uniform (DCU) worn from the 1980s and 1990s through the early 2000s, respectively. The ACU and its component materials are manufactured by the existing industrial infrastructure which produced the now - obsolete BDU. Official military - grade ACUs are made of 50% nylon and 50% cotton. All other blends are not official issue.",
"title": "Army Combat Uniform"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The war was fought primarily in the Western Desert, which was about 390 kilometres (240 mi) long, from Mersa Matruh in Egypt, west to Gazala on the Libyan coast, along Via Balbia, the only paved road. The Sand Sea, 150 mi (240 km) inland, marked the southern limit of the desert at its widest at Giarabub and Siwa; in British parlance, Western Desert came to include eastern Cyrenaica in Libya. From the coast, extending into the hinterland lies a raised, flat plain of stony desert about 500 feet (150 m) above sea level, that runs 120–190 mi (200–300 km) in depth until the Sand Sea. The region is inhabited by a small number of Bedouin nomads, scorpions, vipers and flies.Bedouin tracks linked wells and the easier traversed ground; desert navigation was by sun, star, compass and \"desert sense\", good perception of the environment gained by experience. When Italian troops advanced into Egypt in September 1940, the Maletti Group, lacking experience of desert conditions, got lost leaving Sidi Omar, disappeared and had to be found by aircraft. In spring and summer, days are miserably hot and nights very cold. The Sirocco (Gibleh or Ghibli), a hot desert wind, blows clouds of fine sand, which reduces visibility to a few yards and coats eyes, lungs, machinery, food and equipment; motor vehicles and aircraft need special oil and air filters and the barren ground means that water and food as well as military stores, have to be transported from outside.",
"title": "Italian invasion of Egypt"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ryder is the human leader of the PAW Patrol. He is a ten - year - old boy who gives the dogs their mission instructions and builds the vehicles and equipment they use. His vehicle is an ATV. He is the only character to be featured in every mission, and the only member to use his vehicle in every episode. He was voiced by Owen Mason from 2013 -- 2015, by Elijha Hammill from 2015 -- 2016, and by Jaxon Mercey from 2016 onward.",
"title": "PAW Patrol"
}
],
"question": "What did the conflict in which Desert Patrol Vehicles was used inadvertently do in the early1990s?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Gulf War",
"id": 550790,
"paragraph_support_idx": 3,
"question": "Desert Patrol Vehicle >> conflict"
},
{
"answer": "radicalize the Islamist movement",
"id": 42092,
"paragraph_support_idx": 16,
"question": "What did #1 inadvertently do in the early 1990s?"
}
]
} |
3hop1__50525_83359_63634 | Which organ of the organization in which the US and the country the US beat in the Miracle on Ice became important members suspended its operations since 1994? | United Nations Trusteeship Council | [
"United Nations Trusteeship Council"
] | {
"answer": "United Nations Trusteeship Council",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "3hop1__50525_83359_63634",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "ICD-10 is the 10th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD), a medical classification list by the World Health Organization (WHO). It contains codes for diseases, signs and symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances, and external causes of injury or diseases. Work on ICD-10 began in 1983, became endorsed by the Forty-third World Health Assembly in 1990, and was first used by member states in 1994.",
"title": "ICD-10"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Joonas Korpisalo (born 28 April 1994) is a Finnish professional ice hockey goaltender currently playing with the Columbus Blue Jackets organization of the National Hockey League (NHL).",
"title": "Joonas Korpisalo"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Soviet Union suffered greatly in the war, losing around 27 million people. Approximately 2.8 million Soviet POWs died of starvation, mistreatment, or executions in just eight months of 1941 -- 42. During the war, the Soviet Union together with the United States, the United Kingdom and China were considered as the Big Four of Allied powers in World War II and later became the Four Policemen which was the foundation of the United Nations Security Council. It emerged as a superpower in the post-war period. Once denied diplomatic recognition by the Western world, the Soviet Union had official relations with practically every nation by the late 1940s. A member of the United Nations at its foundation in 1945, the Soviet Union became one of the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, which gave it the right to veto any of its resolutions.",
"title": "Soviet Union"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The men's ice hockey tournament at the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, U.S.A., was the 14th Olympic Championship. Twelve teams competed in the tournament, which was held from February 12 to 24. The United States won its second gold medal, including a win over the heavily favored Soviet Union that became known as the ``Miracle on Ice ''. Games were held at the Olympic Arena and the Olympic Fieldhouse.",
"title": "Ice hockey at the 1980 Winter Olympics"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The ``Miracle on Ice ''refers to a medal - round game during the men's ice hockey tournament at the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, New York, played between the hosting United States, and the four - time defending gold medalists, the Soviet Union.",
"title": "Miracle on Ice"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "After working on various solo projects during 1988 (including Mercury's collaboration with Montserrat Caballé, Barcelona), the band released The Miracle in 1989. The album continued the direction of A Kind of Magic, using a pop-rock sound mixed with a few heavy numbers. It spawned the European hits \"I Want It All\", \"Breakthru\", \"The Invisible Man\", \"Scandal\", and \"The Miracle\". The Miracle also began a change in direction of Queen's songwriting philosophy. Since the band's beginning, nearly all songs had been written by and credited to a single member, with other members adding minimally. With The Miracle, the band's songwriting became more collaborative, and they vowed to credit the final product only to Queen as a group.",
"title": "Queen (band)"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In addition to limiting the total average power used by the device, the USB specification limits the inrush current (i.e., that used to charge decoupling and filter capacitors) when the device is first connected. Otherwise, connecting a device could cause problems with the host's internal power. USB devices are also required to automatically enter ultra low-power suspend mode when the USB host is suspended. Nevertheless, many USB host interfaces do not cut off the power supply to USB devices when they are suspended.",
"title": "USB"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Herbert Paul Brooks Jr. (August 5, 1937 -- August 11, 2003) was an American ice hockey player and coach. His most notable achievement came in 1980 as head coach of the gold medal - winning U.S. Olympic hockey team at Lake Placid. At the games, Brooks' US team upset the heavily favored Soviet team in a match that came to be known as the 'Miracle on Ice'. Brooks would go on to coach multiple NHL teams, as well as the French hockey team at the 1998 Winter Olympics, and ultimately returned to coach the US men's team to a silver medal at the 2002 games in Salt Lake City. Brooks was killed in a 2003 car accident. At the time of his death, Brooks was the Pittsburgh Penguins' director of player personnel.",
"title": "Herb Brooks"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "An ice pier is a man-made structure used to assist the unloading of ships in Antarctica. It is constructed by pumping seawater into a contained area and allowing the water to freeze. By repeating this procedure several times, additional layers are built up. The final structure is many metres in thickness, and strong enough to support container trucks. Operation Deep Freeze personnel constructed the first floating ice pier at Antarctica’s southernmost sea port at McMurdo Station in 1973. Ice piers have been in use each summer season since, at McMurdo's natural harbor at Winter Quarters Bay located at . The harbor is positioned on the southern tip of Ross Island.",
"title": "Ice pier"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Petroleum refining in the United States in 2013 produced 18.9 million barrels per day of refined petroleum products, more than any other country. Although the US was the world's largest net importer of refined petroleum products as recently as 2008, the US became a net exporter in 2010, and in 2014 was the largest exporter and the largest net exporter of refined petroleum. As of January 2015, there were 137 operating refineries in the US, distributed among 30 states.",
"title": "Petroleum refining in the United States"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The war is also known under other names, such as the Persian Gulf War, First Gulf War, Gulf War I, Kuwait War, First Iraq War or Iraq War, before the term ``Iraq War ''became identified instead with the 2003 Iraq War (also referred to in the US as`` Operation Iraqi Freedom''). The Iraqi Army's occupation of Kuwait that began 2 August 1990 was met with international condemnation and brought immediate economic sanctions against Iraq by members of the UN Security Council. US President George H.W. Bush deployed US forces into Saudi Arabia, and urged other countries to send their own forces to the scene. An array of nations joined the coalition, the largest military alliance since World War II. The great majority of the coalition's military forces were from the US, with Saudi Arabia, the United Kingdom and Egypt as leading contributors, in that order. Kuwait and Saudi Arabia paid around US $32 billion of the US $60 billion cost.",
"title": "Gulf War"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Other widely used alloys that contain zinc include nickel silver, typewriter metal, soft and aluminium solder, and commercial bronze. Zinc is also used in contemporary pipe organs as a substitute for the traditional lead/tin alloy in pipes. Alloys of 85–88% zinc, 4–10% copper, and 2–8% aluminium find limited use in certain types of machine bearings. Zinc is the primary metal used in making American one cent coins since 1982. The zinc core is coated with a thin layer of copper to give the impression of a copper coin. In 1994, 33,200 tonnes (36,600 short tons) of zinc were used to produce 13.6 billion pennies in the United States.",
"title": "Zinc"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``You Beat Me to the Punch ''is a soul single by Motown singer Mary Wells, released on the Motown label in 1962. It was co-written by Smokey Robinson of the Miracles, who was responsible for the majority of hits released by Wells while she was a Motown artist, and another Miracles member, Ronnie White.",
"title": "You Beat Me to the Punch"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "On March 3, 1875, the first recorded indoor ice hockey game took place at the Victoria Skating Rink in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Organized by James Creighton, who captained one of the teams, the game was between two nine - member teams, using a wooden 'puck'. Members used skates and sticks used for outdoor hockey and shinny games in Nova Scotia, where Creighton was born and raised. It is recognized as the first organized ice hockey game.",
"title": "First indoor ice hockey game"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Blue Star Memorial Highways are highways in the United States that are marked to pay tribute to the U.S. armed forces. The National Council of State Garden Clubs, now known as National Garden Clubs, Inc., started the program in 1945 after World War II. The blue star was used on service flags to denote a service member fighting in the war. The program has since been expanded to include Memorial Markers and Memorial By-ways (since 1994). These markers are used in National Cemeteries, parks, veterans facilities, and gardens.",
"title": "Blue Star Memorial Highway"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The American Foreign Policy Council (AFPC) is an American conservative non-profit U.S. foreign policy think tank operating in Washington, D.C., since 1982. Its foreign and defense policy specialists provide information to members of US Congress, the Executive Branch, and the US policymaking community, as well as world leaders outside the US (particularly in the former USSR).",
"title": "American Foreign Policy Council"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "United Nations Trusteeship Council The chamber of the UN Trusteeship Council, United Nations headquarters / UN headquarters, New York Formation 1945 Type Principal Organ Legal status Inactive (As of 1994) Head President Alexis Lamek France Vice-President Peter Wilson United Kingdom Website www.un.org/en/mainbodies/trusteeship",
"title": "United Nations Trusteeship Council"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Václav Hrabě (June 13, 1940, Příbram, Czechoslovakia – March 5, 1965, Prague, Czechoslovakia) was a Czech poet and writer, and the most important member of the Beat Generation in former Czechoslovakia.",
"title": "Václav Hrabě"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "It was founded in May 1924, and was suspended during the Cultural Revolution, until it was restored in October 1977. It is an important organ in China's propaganda system, and its inner operations are highly secretive.",
"title": "Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In pottery, a potter's wheel is a machine used in the shaping (known as throwing) of round ceramic ware. The wheel may also be used during the process of trimming the excess body from dried ware, and for applying incised decoration or rings of colour. Use of the potter's wheel became widespread throughout the Old World but was unknown in the Pre-Columbian New World, where pottery was handmade by methods that included coiling and beating.",
"title": "Potter's wheel"
}
],
"question": "Which organ of the organization in which the US and the country the US beat in the Miracle on Ice became important members suspended its operations since 1994?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "the Soviet Union",
"id": 50525,
"paragraph_support_idx": 4,
"question": "who did the us beat in the miracle on ice"
},
{
"answer": "the United Nations",
"id": 83359,
"paragraph_support_idx": 2,
"question": "the us and #1 became important members in"
},
{
"answer": "United Nations Trusteeship Council",
"id": 63634,
"paragraph_support_idx": 16,
"question": "which organ of #2 has suspended its operations since 1994"
}
]
} |
2hop__325682_3089 | What month did the performer of Never Again win American Idol? | September | [
"September"
] | {
"answer": "September",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__325682_3089",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Rust Never Sleeps is a live album by Canadian singer-songwriter Neil Young and American band Crazy Horse. It was released on June 22, 1979, by Reprise Records. Most of the album was recorded live, then overdubbed in the studio. Young used the phrase \"rust never sleeps\" as a concept for his tour with Crazy Horse to avoid artistic complacency and try more progressive, theatrical approaches to performing live.",
"title": "Rust Never Sleeps"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "\"Never Again\" is a song recorded by American pop singer Kelly Clarkson for her third studio album, \"My December\" (2007). Clarkson co-wrote the song with Jimmy Messer while produced by American producer and musician David Kahne. Clarkson stated that the song was written as a counterpart to the songs from her second studio album, \"Breakaway\" (2004), and was almost removed because of its harsh lyrical nature. RCA Records serviced the song to mainstream radios in the United States on April 24, 2007. \"Never Again\" features a stronger rock sound than Clarkson's previous releases, but maintains some pop undertones. It relies on strings, guitar riffs and drums and is centered on angry, abrasive lyrics.",
"title": "Never Again (Kelly Clarkson song)"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"Un banc, un arbre, une rue\" (\"A Bench, a Tree, a Street\") was the winning song of the Eurovision Song Contest 1971 performed in French by French singer Séverine, representing Monaco.",
"title": "Un banc, un arbre, une rue"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "After his 28-day journey Airoldi was unfortunately not able to compete in the marathon. He went to the royal palace to sign up for the games where he was questioned by the head of the Olympic Committee. He decided that the money received for winning the Milano-Barcellona competition meant that Airoldi was considered a professional athlete and thus not eligible to compete. Telegrams were sent from Italy but nothing worked: Airoldi was not allowed to participate. There was a strong feeling in Italy that the organizers were not allowing a strong competitor to take part in a race that the Greeks wanted to win. Airoldi never accepted the decision and issued a challenge to Spiridon Louis - the winner of the marathon - that was never taken up.",
"title": "Carlo Airoldi"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Bulls saw their greatest success during the 1990s, when they were responsible for popularizing the NBA worldwide. They are known for having one of the NBA's greatest dynasties, winning six NBA championships between 1991 and 1998 with two three - peats. All six championship teams were led by Hall of Famers Michael Jordan, Scottie Pippen and coach Phil Jackson. The Bulls are the only NBA franchise to win multiple championships and never lose an NBA Finals series in their history.",
"title": "Chicago Bulls"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Novak Djokovic claimed his fourth Wimbledon title, defeating Anderson in the final 6 -- 2, 6 -- 2, 7 -- 6. The win moved him to 13 grand slam titles, and outright fourth place on the all time men's singles grand slam wins list, passing Roy Emerson. The win was also Djokovic's first title on the ATP tour for over 12 months, his last win coming at Eastbourne on July 1, 2017.",
"title": "2018 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Singles"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Joseph Hardy (born March 8, 1929) is an American Tony Award-winning stage director, film director, television producer, and occasional performer.",
"title": "Joseph Hardy (director)"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Curse of the Billy Goat was a sports - related curse supposedly placed on the Chicago Cubs Major League Baseball franchise in 1945, by Billy Goat Tavern owner William Sianis. The curse lasted 71 years, from 1945 to 2016. Because the odor of his pet goat, named Murphy, was bothering other fans, Sianis was asked to leave Wrigley Field, the Cubs' home ballpark, during game 4 of the 1945 World Series. Outraged, Sianis allegedly declared, ``Them Cubs, they ai n't gon na win no more, ''which had been interpreted to mean that either the Cubs would never win another National League (NL) pennant, or that they would never again win a World Series.",
"title": "Curse of the Billy Goat"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ri was the first North Korean ever to win a gold medal on vault at the Asian Games, where he performed solidly at the 2006 Asian Games and was the first one for North Korea on that apparatus. He later went on to win a bronze medal on vault at the 2007 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships.",
"title": "Ri Se-gwang"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"Never Let You Go\" is a pop/rock song that was performed by Dima Bilan at the 2006 Eurovision Song Contest. He was representing Russia and ended up in 2nd place.",
"title": "Never Let You Go (Dima Bilan song)"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The final showdown was between Justin Guarini, one of the early favorites, and Kelly Clarkson. Clarkson was not initially thought of as a contender, but impressed the judges with some good performances in the final rounds, such as her performance of Aretha Franklin's \"Natural Woman\", and Betty Hutton's \"Stuff Like That There\", and eventually won the crown on September 4, 2002.",
"title": "American Idol"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Get Your Act Together with Harvey Goldsmith is a Channel 4 television programme in which promoter Harvey Goldsmith is given six months to help revive the fortunes of six entertainment businesses or performers.",
"title": "Get Your Act Together with Harvey Goldsmith"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"Black Narcissus\" was released only a few months before India achieved independence from Britain in August 1947. Film critic Dave Kehr has suggested that the final images of the film, as the nuns abandon the Himalayas and proceed down the mountain, could have been interpreted by British viewers in 1947 as 'a last farewell to their fading empire'; he suggests that for the film-makers, it is not an image of defeat 'but of a respectful, rational retreat from something that England never owned and never understood'. The story in the film quite closely follows that of the book, which was written in 1939.",
"title": "Black Narcissus"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Left Foot, Right Foot is the second album by Australian hip hop group Hilltop Hoods. It was released in 2001. To promote the album the group performed six or seven shows over a few months.",
"title": "Left Foot, Right Foot"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Eat Me Raw (formerly Eatmewhileimhot!) was an American experimental band, formed in Joplin, Missouri in 2008. The band released two albums and two extended plays. Band members were better known for performing as the indie rock band, Never Shout Never.",
"title": "Eat Me Raw"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Perković culminated her successful junior career by winning gold at the 2009 European Junior Championships with a new national record. A month later, she made the final of the World Championships as the youngest discus thrower in the field.",
"title": "Sandra Perković"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "After nearly two months of rehearsals in Chiddingfold, the Both Sides of the World Tour kicked off on 1 April 1994 in Utrecht, The Netherlands, in what would be the first of 169 performances by Collins and his band.",
"title": "Both Sides of the World Tour"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Real Madrid leads the head to head results in competitive matches with 95 wins to Barcelona's 92, while Barcelona leads in total matches with 112 wins to Real Madrid's 99. Along with Athletic Bilbao, they are the only clubs in La Liga to have never been relegated.",
"title": "El Clásico"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Bulls saw their greatest success during the 1990s when they were responsible for popularizing the NBA worldwide. They are known for having one of the NBA's greatest dynasties, winning six NBA championships between 1991 and 1998 with two three - peats. All six championship teams were led by Hall of Famers Michael Jordan, Scottie Pippen and coach Phil Jackson. The Bulls are the only NBA franchise to win multiple championships and never lose an NBA Finals series in their history.",
"title": "Chicago Bulls"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "On January 7, 2012, Beyoncé gave birth to her first child, a daughter, Blue Ivy Carter, at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York. Five months later, she performed for four nights at Revel Atlantic City's Ovation Hall to celebrate the resort's opening, her first performances since giving birth to Blue Ivy.",
"title": "Beyoncé"
}
],
"question": "What month did the performer of Never Again win American Idol?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Kelly Clarkson",
"id": 325682,
"paragraph_support_idx": 1,
"question": "Never Again >> performer"
},
{
"answer": "September",
"id": 3089,
"paragraph_support_idx": 10,
"question": "What month did #1 win?"
}
]
} |
2hop__275662_124042 | When did the battle of the city where Harper Hamshaw was born end? | 30 December 1460 | [
"30 December 1460"
] | {
"answer": "30 December 1460",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__275662_124042",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The naval Battle of Stromboli took place on 8 January 1676 during the Franco-Dutch War between a French fleet of 20 ships under Abraham Duquesne and a combined fleet of 19 allied ships (18 Dutch and one Spanish ship) under Lieutenant-Admiral-General Michiel de Ruyter that lasted eight hours and ended inconclusively. The fleets fought again at the Battle of Augusta.",
"title": "Battle of Stromboli"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The William Rainey Harper Log House, also known as the Harper Cabin, is located at 20 West Main Street in New Concord, Ohio, United States. The home was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on 1980-01-03.",
"title": "William Rainey Harper Log House"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Manila Bay (Spanish: Batalla de Bahía de Manila), also known as the Battle of Cavite, took place on 1 May 1898, during the Spanish -- American War. The American Asiatic Squadron under Commodore George Dewey engaged and destroyed the Spanish Pacific Squadron under Contraalmirante (Rear admiral) Patricio Montojo. The battle took place in Manila Bay in the Philippines, and was the first major engagement of the Spanish -- American War. The battle was one of the most decisive naval battles in history and marked the end of the Spanish colonial period in Philippine history.",
"title": "Battle of Manila Bay"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Harper School is a public high school in Harper, Oregon, United States. It is the only school in the Harper School District.",
"title": "Harper School (Oregon)"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Bothwell Bridge, or Bothwell Brig, took place on 22 June 1679. It was fought between government troops and militant Presbyterian Covenanters, and signalled the end of their brief rebellion. The battle took place at the bridge over the River Clyde in Hamilton, South Lanarkshire near Bothwell in Lanarkshire, Scotland. The battlefield has been included in the Inventory of Historic Battlefields in Scotland and protected by Historic Scotland under the Historic Environment (Amendment) Act 2011.",
"title": "Battle of Bothwell Bridge"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The International Who's Who in Music is a biographical dictionary and directory originally published by the International Biographical Centre located in Cambridge, England. It contains only biographies of persons living at the time of publication and includes composers, performers, writers, and some music librarians. The biographies included are solicited from the subjects themselves and generally include date and place of birth, contact information as well as biographical background and achievements.",
"title": "International Who's Who in Music"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Harper Oliver Hamshaw (birth registered fourth ¼ 1863 – death registered first ¼ 1925) was an English rugby union footballer who played in the 1880s. He played at representative level for Yorkshire, and at club level for Wakefield Trinity (it was a rugby union club at the time, so no Heritage № has been allocated). Prior to Tuesday 27 August 1895, Wakefield Trinity was a rugby union club. A rugby shirt worn by Harper Hamshaw is on display at Wakefield Museum, and was used as the inspiration for a heritage shirt produced in 2010.",
"title": "Harper Hamshaw"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The end of World War II brought a baby boom to many countries, especially Western ones. There is some disagreement as to the precise beginning and ending dates of the post-war baby boom, but it is most often agreed to have begun in the years immediately after the war, though some place it earlier at the increase of births in 1941 - 1943. The boom started to decline as birth rates in the United States started to decline in 1958, though the boom would only grind to a halt 3 years later in 1961, 20 years after it began.",
"title": "Mid-twentieth century baby boom"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Millennials (also known as Generation Y) are the generational demographic cohort following Generation X. There are no precise dates for when this cohort starts or ends; demographers and researchers typically use the early 1980s as starting birth years and the mid-1990s to early 2000s as ending birth years. Millennials are sometimes referred to as ``echo boomers ''due to a major surge in birth rates in the 1980s and 1990s, and because millennials are often the children of the baby boomers. The 20th - century trend toward smaller families in developed countries continued, however, so the relative impact of the`` baby boom echo'' was generally less pronounced than the post -- World War II baby boom.",
"title": "Millennials"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Lade was fought between the navy of Rhodes and the navy of Macedon. The battle took place in 201 BC and it was part of the Cretan War. The battle was fought off the shore of Asia Minor and the island of Lade, near Miletus. The battle ended in a crushing victory for the Macedonians and it nearly spelled the end for the Rhodians but the result of this battle caused the Romans to intervene and Rhodes was saved.",
"title": "Battle of Lade (201 BC)"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Léopold Montagnier (date of birth unknown, died April 1943) was a Swiss fencer. He competed in the team épée event at the 1920 Summer Olympics.",
"title": "Léopold Montagnier"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Principles of Scientific Management The Principles of Scientific Management Author Frederick Winslow Taylor Subject Scientific management Genre Monograph Publisher Harper & Brothers Publication date 1911 Pages 144",
"title": "The Principles of Scientific Management"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The date and place of Nikitaras' birth are disputed, but he is thought to have been born either in the village of Nedoussa (Νέδουσα) in the Peloponnesian province of Messenia or in Leontari in Arcadia circa 1784. He was a nephew of Theodoros Kolokotronis, the most important Greek military leader of the Revolution. Turkish authorities tried to capture him, as well as Kolokotronis, but he escaped and joined his uncle in the British-held Ionian Islands.",
"title": "Nikitaras"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Graus was a battle of the \"Reconquista\", traditionally said to have taken place on 8 May 1063. Antonio Ubieto Arteta, in his \"Historia de Aragón\", re-dated the battle to 1069. The late twelfth-century \"Chronica naierensis\" dates the encounter to 1070. Either in or as a result of the battle, Ramiro I of Aragon, one of the protagonists, died.",
"title": "Battle of Graus"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Ostrovno (French: \"Combat d'Ostrowno\") was a military engagement that took place on 25 July 1812, between French forces under the command of King of Naples Joachim Murat and Russian forces under General Ostermann-Tolstoy and ended with the Russian forces retreating from the battlefield.",
"title": "Battle of Ostrovno"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Peter Fliesteden (date of birth unknown; died 28 September 1529) was condemned to be burnt at the stake at Melaten near Cologne, as one of the first Protestant martyrs of the Reformation on the Lower Rhine in Germany. He was born in a tiny place also called Fliesteden (now part of Bergheim, Rhein-Erft-Kreis) on an unknown date.",
"title": "Peter Fliesteden"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Anawrahta was born Min Saw (, ) to King Kunhsaw Kyaunghpyu and Queen Myauk Pyinthe on 11 May 1044. The Burmese chronicles do not agree on the dates regarding his life and reign. The table below lists the dates given by the four main chronicles. Among the chronicles, scholarship usually accepts \"Zata's\" dates, which are considered to be the most accurate for the Pagan period. Scholarship's dates for Anawrahta's birth, death and reign dates are closest to \"Zata's\" dates.",
"title": "Anawrahta"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "2018 Major League Baseball Home Run Derby Date July 16, 2018 Venue Nationals Park City Washington, D.C. Winner Bryce Harper Score 19 -- 18 ← 2017 Major League Baseball Home Run Derby 2019 →",
"title": "2018 Major League Baseball Home Run Derby"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Wakefield took place in Sandal Magna near Wakefield in northern England, on 30 December 1460. It was a major battle of the Wars of the Roses. The opposing forces were an army led by nobles loyal to the captive King Henry VI of the House of Lancaster and his Queen Margaret of Anjou on one side, and the army of Richard, Duke of York, the rival claimant to the throne, on the other.",
"title": "Battle of Wakefield"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Adrianople (9 August 378), sometimes known as the Battle of Hadrianopolis, was fought between an Eastern Roman army led by the Eastern Roman Emperor Valens and Gothic rebels (largely Thervings as well as Greutungs, non-Gothic Alans, and various local rebels) led by Fritigern. The battle took place in the vicinity of Adrianople, in the Roman province of Thracia (modern Edirne in European Turkey). It ended with an overwhelming victory for the Goths and the death of Emperor Valens.",
"title": "Battle of Adrianople"
}
],
"question": "When did the battle of the city where Harper Hamshaw was born end?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Wakefield",
"id": 275662,
"paragraph_support_idx": 6,
"question": "Harper Hamshaw >> place of birth"
},
{
"answer": "30 December 1460",
"id": 124042,
"paragraph_support_idx": 18,
"question": "On what date did Battle of #1 end?"
}
]
} |
3hop1__624062_145979_67134 | When did the greek orthodox church split from the religious institution located in the city where the creator of The Last Judgment died? | 476 | [
"476"
] | {
"answer": "476",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "3hop1__624062_145979_67134",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Greek citizens who are Roman Catholic are estimated to be at around 50,000 with the Roman Catholic immigrant community in the country approximately 200,000. Old Calendarists account for 500,000 followers. Protestants, including Greek Evangelical Church and Free Evangelical Churches, stand at about 30,000. Assemblies of God, International Church of the Foursquare Gospel and other Pentecostal churches of the Greek Synod of Apostolic Church have 12,000 members. Independent Free Apostolic Church of Pentecost is the biggest Protestant denomination in Greece with 120 churches. There are not official statistics about Free Apostolic Church of Pentecost, but the Orthodox Church estimates the followers as 20,000. The Jehovah's Witnesses report having 28,874 active members. In recent years there has been a small-scale revival of the ancient Greek religion, with estimates of 2,000 people active practitioners, and 100,000 \"sympathisers\".",
"title": "Greece"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "On April 6, 1990, the Lviv City Council voted to return St. George Cathedral to the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church. The Russian Orthodox Church refused to yield. On April 29–30, 1990, the Ukrainian Helsinki Union disbanded to form the Ukrainian Republican Party. On May 15 the new parliament convened. The bloc of conservative communists held 239 seats; the Democratic Bloc, which had evolved into the National Council, had 125 deputies. On June 4, 1990, two candidates remained in the protracted race for parliament chair. The leader of the Communist Party of Ukraine (CPU), Volodymyr Ivashko, was elected with 60 percent of the vote as more than 100 opposition deputies boycotted the election. On June 5–6, 1990, Metropolitan Mstyslav of the U.S.-based Ukrainian Orthodox Church was elected patriarch of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church (UAOC) during that Church's first synod. The UAOC declared its full independence from the Moscow Patriarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church, which in March had granted autonomy to the Ukrainian Orthodox church headed by Metropolitan Filaret.",
"title": "Dissolution of the Soviet Union"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The majority of Greek Cypriots identify as Greek Orthodox, whereas most Turkish Cypriots are adherents of Sunni Islam. According to Eurobarometer 2005, Cyprus was the second most religious state in the European Union at that time, after Malta (although in 2005 Romania wasn't in the European Union, currently Romania is the most religious state in the European Union) (see Religion in the European Union). The first President of Cyprus, Makarios III, was an archbishop. The current leader of the Greek Orthodox Church of Cyprus is Archbishop Chrysostomos II.",
"title": "Cyprus"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Lebanon has several different main religions. The country has the most religiously diverse society of all states within the Middle East, comprising 18 recognized religious sects. The main two religions are Islam (Shia and Sunni) with 54% of followers and Christianity (the Maronite Church, the Greek Orthodox Church, the Melkite Greek Catholic Church, the Protestant Church, the Armenian Apostolic Church) with 40.4% of followers. There is also the Druze minority religion, which under the Lebanese political division (Parliament of Lebanon Seat Allocation) the Druze community is designated as one of the five Lebanese Muslim communities (Sunni, Shia, Druze, Alawi, and Ismaili).",
"title": "Religion in Lebanon"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Annunciation Greek Orthodox Church in Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, United States, was designed by architect Frank Lloyd Wright in 1956, and completed in 1961. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The church is one of Wright's last works; construction was completed after his death. The design is informed by traditional Byzantine architectural forms, reinterpreted by Wright to suit the modern context. The church's shallow scalloped dome echoes his Marin County Civic Center.",
"title": "Annunciation Greek Orthodox Church"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Literary Koine was the medium of much of post-classical Greek literary and scholarly writing, such as the works of Plutarch and Polybius. Koine is also the language of the Christian New Testament, of the Septuagint (the 3rd - century BC Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible), and of most early Christian theological writing by the Church Fathers. In this context, Koine Greek is also known as ``Biblical '',`` New Testament'', ``ecclesiastical ''or`` patristic'' Greek. It continues to be used as the liturgical language of services in the Greek Orthodox Church.",
"title": "Koine Greek"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The East -- West Schism, also called the Great Schism and the Schism of 1054, was the break of communion between what are now the Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox churches, which has lasted since the 11th century.",
"title": "East–West Schism"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "In 1445 Pope Eugene IV summoned him to Rome to paint the frescoes of the Chapel of the Holy Sacrament at St Peter's, later demolished by Pope Paul III. Vasari claims that at this time Fra Angelico was offered the Archbishopric of Florence by Pope Nicholas V, and that he refused it, recommending another friar for the position. The story seems possible and even likely. However, if Vasari's date is correct, then the pope must have been Eugene IV and not Nicholas, who was elected Pope only on 6 March 1447. Moreover, the archbishop in 1446–1459 was the Dominican Antoninus of Florence (Antonio Pierozzi), canonized by Pope Adrian VI in 1523. In 1447 Fra Angelico was in Orvieto with his pupil, Benozzo Gozzoli, executing works for the Cathedral. Among his other pupils were Zanobi Strozzi.",
"title": "Fra Angelico"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The East -- West Schism, also called the Great Schism and the Schism of 1054, was the break of communion between what are now the Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox churches, which has lasted since the 11th century.",
"title": "East–West Schism"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Alexandria is believed to have been founded by Alexander the Great in April 331 BC as Ἀλεξάνδρεια (Alexandreia). Alexander's chief architect for the project was Dinocrates. Alexandria was intended to supersede Naucratis as a Hellenistic center in Egypt, and to be the link between Greece and the rich Nile valley. Although it has long been believed only a small village there, recent radiocarbon dating of seashell fragments and lead contamination show significant human activity at the location for two millennia preceding Alexandria's founding.Alexandria was the intellectual and cultural center of the ancient world for some time. The city and its museum attracted many of the greatest scholars, including Greeks, Jews and Syrians. The city was later plundered and lost its significance.In the early Christian Church, the city was the center of the Patriarchate of Alexandria, which was one of the major centers of early Christianity in the Eastern Roman Empire. In the modern world, the Coptic Orthodox Church and the Greek Orthodox Church of Alexandria both lay claim to this ancient heritage.",
"title": "Alexandria"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Church of Greece (, \"Ekklisía tis Elládos\" ), part of the wider Greek Orthodox Church, is one of the autocephalous churches which make up the communion of Orthodox Christianity. Its canonical territory is confined to the borders of Greece prior to the Balkan Wars of 1912–1913 (\"Old Greece\"), with the rest of Greece (the \"New Lands\", Crete, and the Dodecanese) being subject to the jurisdiction of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople. However, most of the dioceses of the Metropolises of the New Lands are \"de facto\" administered as part of the Church of Greece for practical reasons, under an agreement between the churches of Athens and Constantinople. The primate of the Church of Greece is the Archbishop of Athens and All Greece.",
"title": "Church of Greece"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Another major group, inhabitants who follow Eastern Orthodox Christianity, practised chiefly by the Russian minority, and the Russian Orthodox Church is the second largest denomination with 150,000 members. The Estonian Apostolic Orthodox Church, under the Greek-Orthodox Ecumenical Patriarchate, claims another 20,000 members. Thus, the number of adherents of Lutheranism and Orthodoxy, without regard to citizenship or ethnicity, is roughly equal. Refer to the Table below. The Catholics have their Latin Apostolic Administration of Estonia.",
"title": "Estonia"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Mary is referred to by the Eastern Orthodox Church, Oriental Orthodoxy, the Anglican Church, and all Eastern Catholic Churches as Theotokos, a title recognized at the Third Ecumenical Council (held at Ephesus to address the teachings of Nestorius, in 431). Theotokos (and its Latin equivalents, \"Deipara\" and \"Dei genetrix\") literally means \"Godbearer\". The equivalent phrase \"Mater Dei\" (Mother of God) is more common in Latin and so also in the other languages used in the Western Catholic Church, but this same phrase in Greek (Μήτηρ Θεοῦ), in the abbreviated form of the first and last letter of the two words (ΜΡ ΘΥ), is the indication attached to her image in Byzantine icons. The Council stated that the Church Fathers \"did not hesitate to speak of the holy Virgin as the Mother of God\".",
"title": "Mary, mother of Jesus"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "In 476, when the last emperor of the western part of the Roman Empire was deposed and the western imperial insignia were sent to Constantinople, there was once again a single Roman Emperor. However, he had little power in the West, which was ruled almost entirely by various Germanic tribes. In the opinion of Randall R. Cloud, the permanent separation of the Greek East from the Latin West was ``the fundamental reason for the estrangement that soon followed between the Greek and the Latin Christians ''.",
"title": "East–West Schism"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Finneytown is a census-designated place (CDP) in Springfield Township, Hamilton County, in southwest Ohio, United States, just north of Cincinnati. The population was 12,741 at the 2010 census (down from 13,492 in 2000). Finneytown is home to the largest private school in Ohio (St. Xavier High School) and the Cincinnati area's annual Greek Festival (at Holy Trinity-St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church).",
"title": "Finneytown, Ohio"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Western Schism or Papal Schism was a split within the Catholic Church which lasted from 1378 to 1417. Three men simultaneously claimed to be the true pope. Driven by politics rather than any theological disagreement, the schism was ended by the Council of Constance (1414 -- 1418). For a time these rival claims to the papal throne damaged the reputation of the office. The affair is sometimes referred to as the Great Schism, although this term is typically reserved for the East -- West Schism (1054) between the Western Churches answering to the See of Rome and the Orthodox Churches of the East.",
"title": "Western Schism"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Springfield Township is one of the twelve townships of Hamilton County, Ohio, United States. The 2010 census found 36,319 people in the township. Springfield Township is home to the largest private school in Ohio (St. Xavier High School), the largest lake in Hamilton County (at Winton Woods County Park), and the Cincinnati area's annual Greek Festival (at Holy Trinity-St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church).",
"title": "Springfield Township, Hamilton County, Ohio"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Vladimir's choice of Eastern Christianity may also have reflected his close personal ties with Constantinople, which dominated the Black Sea and hence trade on Kiev's most vital commercial route, the Dnieper River. Adherence to the Eastern Church had long-range political, cultural, and religious consequences. The church had a liturgy written in Cyrillic and a corpus of translations from Greek that had been produced for the Slavic peoples. This literature facilitated the conversion to Christianity of the Eastern Slavs and introduced them to rudimentary Greek philosophy, science, and historiography without the necessity of learning Greek (there were some merchants who did business with Greeks and likely had an understanding of contemporary business Greek). In contrast, educated people in medieval Western and Central Europe learned Latin. Enjoying independence from the Roman authority and free from tenets of Latin learning, the East Slavs developed their own literature and fine arts, quite distinct from those of other Eastern Orthodox countries.[citation needed] (See Old East Slavic language and Architecture of Kievan Rus for details ). Following the Great Schism of 1054, the Rus' church maintained communion with both Rome and Constantinople for some time, but along with most of the Eastern churches it eventually split to follow the Eastern Orthodox. That being said, unlike other parts of the Greek world, Kievan Rus' did not have a strong hostility to the Western world.",
"title": "Kievan Rus'"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Last Judgment (tempera on panel) is a painting by the Renaissance artist Fra Angelico. It was commissioned by the Camaldolese Order for the newly elected abbot, the humanist scholar Ambrogio Traversari. It is variously dated to c1425, 1425–30 and 1431. It was originally sited in the church of Santa Maria degli Angeli and now is in the museum of San Marco, Florence. It is not to be confused with another Fra Angelico \"Last Judgement\" in the Gemäldegalerie, Berlin.",
"title": "The Last Judgment (Fra Angelico, Florence)"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Of the Christian minority in Egypt over 90% belong to the native Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, an Oriental Orthodox Christian Church. Other native Egyptian Christians are adherents of the Coptic Catholic Church, the Evangelical Church of Egypt and various other Protestant denominations. Non-native Christian communities are largely found in the urban regions of Cairo and Alexandria, such as the Syro-Lebanese, who belong to Greek Catholic, Greek Orthodox, and Maronite Catholic denominations.",
"title": "Egypt"
}
],
"question": "When did the greek orthodox church split from the religious institution located in the city where the creator of The Last Judgment died?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Fra Angelico",
"id": 624062,
"paragraph_support_idx": 18,
"question": "The Last Judgment >> creator"
},
{
"answer": "Rome",
"id": 145979,
"paragraph_support_idx": 7,
"question": "In what city did #1 die?"
},
{
"answer": "476",
"id": 67134,
"paragraph_support_idx": 13,
"question": "when did the greek orthodox church split from #2"
}
]
} |
3hop1__383692_434040_59205 | How many bullets were shot in the birthplace of "If It Wasn't True's" performer? | hundreds | [
"hundreds"
] | {
"answer": "hundreds",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "3hop1__383692_434040_59205",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Culeg Vise (English: \"I Pick Up Dreams\") is the eleventh studio album by Romanian female recording artist and songwriter Paula Seling, the winner of Golden Stag in 2002. It was officially released on February 12, 2009. It contains sixteen tracks and a bonus track (\"Zburator\"). The only single released is \"Culeg Vise\". At first, Seling confirmed a music video for the song, but it wasn't even shot. The single was physically released on March 16, 2009, being broadcast just by Magic FM.",
"title": "Culeg Vise"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "For over 40 years, the FBI crime lab in Quantico believed lead in bullets had unique chemical signatures. It analyzed the bullets with the goal of matching them chemically, not only to a single batch of ammunition coming out of a factory, but also to a single box of bullets. The National Academy of Sciences conducted an 18-month independent review of comparative bullet-lead analysis. In 2003, its National Research Council published a report whose conclusions called into question 30 years of FBI testimony. It found the analytic model used by the FBI for interpreting results was deeply flawed, and the conclusion, that bullet fragments could be matched to a box of ammunition, was so overstated that it was misleading under the rules of evidence. One year later, the FBI decided to stop doing bullet lead analysis.",
"title": "Federal Bureau of Investigation"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Directed by Brian De Palma, the video was shot at the Saint Paul Civic Center in Saint Paul, Minnesota, on June 28 and 29, 1984. The first night was a pure video shot, the second was on the opening date of the Born in the U.S.A. Tour. Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band performed the song twice during that show to allow Brian De Palma to get all the footage he needed. The video is a straight performance video, with Springsteen not playing a guitar, allowing him to invite a young woman from the audience, performed by Courteney Cox, to dance along with him on the stage at the end. In September 1985, the video won the MTV Video Music Award for Best Stage Performance.",
"title": "Dancing in the Dark (Bruce Springsteen song)"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Shamir Bailey (born November 7, 1994), known mononymously as Shamir, is an American singer, songwriter and actor from Las Vegas, Nevada. His debut extended play (EP), \"Northtown\", was released in June 2014 to positive reviews. In October 2014 he signed to XL Recordings and released the single \"On the Regular\". His debut LP \"Ratchet\" was released on May 19, 2015 in the United States.",
"title": "Shamir (musician)"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "A Feud in the Kentucky Hills is a 1912 American silent drama film directed by D. W. Griffith. The film, by the Biograph Company, was shot on the Hudson Palisades near Fort Lee, New Jersey when many early film studios in America's first motion picture industry were based there at the beginning of the 20th century. Additional filming took place in and around the Pike County town of Milford, Pennsylvania.",
"title": "A Feud in the Kentucky Hills"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Rhythm 0 (1974) was a six-hour work of performance art by Yugoslav artist Marina Abramović in Studio Morra, Naples. The work involved Abramović standing still while the audience was invited to do to her whatever they wished, using one of 72 objects she had placed on a table. These included a rose, feather, perfume, honey, bread, grapes, wine, scissors, a scalpel, nails, a metal bar, and a gun loaded with one bullet.",
"title": "Rhythm 0"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "On the night of October 1, 2017, a gunman opened fire on a crowd of concertgoers at the Route 91 Harvest music festival on the Las Vegas Strip in Nevada, leaving 58 people dead and 546 injured. Between 10: 05 and 10: 15 p.m. PDT, 64 - year - old Stephen Paddock of Mesquite, Nevada, fired hundreds of rifle rounds from his suite on the 32nd floor of the nearby Mandalay Bay hotel. About an hour after Paddock fired his last shot into the crowd, he was found dead in his room from a self - inflicted gunshot wound. His motive is unknown.",
"title": "2017 Las Vegas shooting"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Stagecoach was the first of many Westerns that Ford shot using Monument Valley, in the American Southwest on the Arizona -- Utah border, as a location, many of which also starred John Wayne. Scenes from Stagecoach, including a famous sequence introducing John Wayne's character the Ringo Kid, blended shots of Monument Valley with shots filmed on the Iverson Movie Ranch in Chatsworth, California, RKO Encino Movie Ranch, and other locations. Similar geographic incongruencies are evident throughout the film, up to the closing scene of Ringo (Wayne) and Dallas (Trevor) departing Lordsburg, in southwestern New Mexico, by way of Monument Valley.",
"title": "Stagecoach (1939 film)"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ushpizin was filmed on location in Jerusalem, Israel. While a few scenes were shot in Haredi neighbourhoods, most of the film was shot at the Schneller Orphanage and in Jerusalem's Nachlaot neighbourhood. Several streets in Nachlaot feature frequently in the film: Rama Street (where Ben-Baruch meets Moshe and offers him the Sukkah, and where Moshe and Malli part), Zichron Tuvyah (where Moshe's Yeshiva is located) and Tavor Street, while others appear less frequently or even in single shots. The stone buildings of Nachlaot substitute for the Shmuel Hanavi area, though landmarks such as the Wolfson Towers and the Yad Labanim building reveal the true location.",
"title": "Ushpizin"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "\"If It Wasn't True\" is a song written and recorded by American singer-songwriter Shamir Bailey, better known by his stage name Shamir, and included as the opening track on his debut extended play (EP) \"Northtown\". Musically, \"If It Wasn't True\" is an R&B, pop, and dance song. Shamir has called the track \"a breakup song, but not a typical one,\" and \"Vogue\" magazine in 2014 dubbed it \"Your New Favorite Breakup Song.\"",
"title": "If It Wasn't True"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "William Grose (December 16, 1812 – July 30, 1900) was a lawyer, politician, author, and brigadier general in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He served in many of the important campaigns and battles of the Western Theater, earning a reputation for being \"always seen where the bullets flew thickest.\"",
"title": "William Grose"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Under the Bridges (German: Unter den Brücken) is a 1946 German drama film directed by Helmut Käutner and starring Hannelore Schroth, Carl Raddatz and Gustav Knuth. The film was shot in Berlin during the summer of 1944, but was not released until after the defeat of Nazi Germany. It premiered in Locarno in September 1946, and wasn't released in Germany until 1950 when it was picked up for distribution by Gloria Film.",
"title": "Under the Bridges"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Gimme Back My Bullets Tour was the fourth major concert tour by American Southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd. The tour took place in North America and Europe.",
"title": "Gimme Back My Bullets Tour"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Men's Shot Put event at the 2007 World Championships in Athletics took place on August 25, 2007 at the Nagai Stadium in Osaka, Japan.",
"title": "2007 World Championships in Athletics – Men's shot put"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Three years later in June 1979, the NBA adopted the three - point line for a one - year trial for the 1979 -- 80 season, despite the view of many that it was a gimmick. Chris Ford of the Boston Celtics is widely credited with making the first three - point shot in NBA history on October 12, 1979; the season opener at Boston Garden was more noted for the debut of Larry Bird (and two new head coaches). Rick Barry of the Houston Rockets, in his final season, also made one in the same game, and Kevin Grevey of the Washington Bullets made one that Friday night as well.",
"title": "Three-point field goal"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "On January 7, 2012, Beyoncé gave birth to her first child, a daughter, Blue Ivy Carter, at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York. Five months later, she performed for four nights at Revel Atlantic City's Ovation Hall to celebrate the resort's opening, her first performances since giving birth to Blue Ivy.",
"title": "Beyoncé"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The end of World War II brought a baby boom to many countries, especially Western ones. There is some disagreement as to the precise beginning and ending dates of the post-war baby boom, but it is most often agreed to have begun in the years immediately after the war, though some place it earlier at the increase of births in 1941 - 1943. The boom started to decline as birth rates in the United States started to decline in 1958, though the boom would only grind to a halt 3 years later in 1961, 20 years after it began.",
"title": "Mid-twentieth century baby boom"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The International Who's Who in Music is a biographical dictionary and directory originally published by the International Biographical Centre located in Cambridge, England. It contains only biographies of persons living at the time of publication and includes composers, performers, writers, and some music librarians. The biographies included are solicited from the subjects themselves and generally include date and place of birth, contact information as well as biographical background and achievements.",
"title": "International Who's Who in Music"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In the 1980s, mixed tag team matches began to take place, with a male and female on each team and a rule stating that each wrestler could only attack the opponent of the same gender. If a tag was made, the other team had to automatically switch their legal wrestler as well. Despite these restrictions, many mixed tag matches do feature some physical interaction between participants of different genders. For example, a heel may take a cheap shot at the female wrestler of the opposing team to draw a negative crowd reaction. In lucha libre, cheap-shots and male-female attacks are not uncommon.",
"title": "Professional wrestling"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The ability to compare ammunition is a direct result of the invention of rifling around the turn of the 16th century. By forcing the bullet to spin as it travels down the barrel of the weapon the bullet's accuracy greatly increases. At the same time, the rifling leaves marks on the bullet that are indicative of that particular barrel. Prior to mass production of firearms, each barrel and bullet mold was hand made by gunsmiths making them unique. The first successful documented case of forensic firearm examination occurred in 1835 when a member of the Bow Street Runners in London matched a recovered bullet from a murder victim to a specific mold in a suspect's home confirming that he made the bullet. Further evidence that the bullet maker was the perpetrator was found in his home and he was convicted. As manufacturing and automation replaced hand tools, the ability to compare bullets became impossible due to the standardization of molds within a specific company. However, experts in the field postulated that there were microscopic differences on each barrel left during the manufacturing process. These differences were a result of wear on the machines and since each new weapon caused a tiny amount of wear, each barrel would be slightly different from every other barrel produced by that company. Also, each bullet fired from a specific barrel would be printed with the same marks, allowing investigators to identify the weapon that fired a specific bullet.",
"title": "Forensic firearm examination"
}
],
"question": "How many bullets were shot in the birthplace of \"If It Wasn't True's\" performer?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Shamir",
"id": 383692,
"paragraph_support_idx": 9,
"question": "If It Wasn't True >> performer"
},
{
"answer": "Las Vegas",
"id": 434040,
"paragraph_support_idx": 3,
"question": "#1 >> place of birth"
},
{
"answer": "hundreds",
"id": 59205,
"paragraph_support_idx": 6,
"question": "how many bullets where shot in #2"
}
]
} |
2hop__519755_264298 | What was the original broadcaster of the PGA Tour, on the network that first showed Byline? | American Broadcasting Company | [
"American Broadcasting Company",
"ABC"
] | {
"answer": "American Broadcasting Company",
"answer_aliases": [
"ABC"
],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__519755_264298",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "KUNM is a public radio station broadcasting on FM 89.9 MHz from high atop Sandia Crest, with broadcasts originating from the third floor of Oñate Hall, on the campus of the University of New Mexico (UNM) in Albuquerque, New Mexico.",
"title": "KUNM"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "James William Walker (born January 16, 1979) is an American professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour. After playing in 187 events without a win on the PGA Tour, Walker won three times in the first eight events of the 2014 season. He is a six-time winner on the PGA Tour, and in 2016 won his first major title at the PGA Championship.",
"title": "Jimmy Walker (golfer)"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Your Kaiser Dealer Presents Kaiser-Frazer \"Adventures In Mystery\" Starring Betty Furness in \"Byline\" is a brief series of live mysteries that aired from November 4 through December 9, 1951, on ABC television.",
"title": "Byline (TV series)"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "PGA Tour on ABC is the \"de facto\" branding used for telecasts of the main professional golf tournaments of the PGA Tour on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) television network in the United States. ABC broadcast the PGA Tour from 1966 to 2006. From 1962 to 2009, ABC served as the broadcast home of The Open Championship. The British Open on ABC was the longest-running entertainment program in ABC's history and the last-surviving ABC program to debut in the \"circle a\" era. ABC also held the broadcast rights of the US Open from 1966 through 1994. and the PGA Championship from 1965 until 1990.",
"title": "PGA Tour on ABC"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Dotty Mack Show is an American variety show originally broadcast on the now defunct DuMont Television Network in 1953, and on ABC from 1953 to 1956.",
"title": "The Dotty Mack Show"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Bill is a British police procedural television series, first broadcast on ITV from 16 October 1984 until 31 August 2010. The programme originated from a one-off drama, \"Woodentop\", broadcast in August 1983.",
"title": "The Bill"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"NewsRadio\" is an American sitcom, originally broadcast from 1995 to 1999 by NBC. In total, 97 episodes were broadcast spanning 5 seasons.",
"title": "List of NewsRadio episodes"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Tom Garner (born July 18, 1961) is an American professional golfer who played on the PGA Tour and the Nationwide Tour.",
"title": "Tom Garner"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Brian Hatfield Henninger (born October 19, 1962) is an American professional golfer who played on the PGA Tour and the Nationwide Tour. He has won two tournaments on the PGA Tour and three on the Nationwide Tour.",
"title": "Brian Henninger"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Dustin Johnson Johnson at 2012 Open Championship Full name Dustin Hunter Johnson Nickname DJ (1984 - 06 - 22) June 22, 1984 (age 34) Columbia, South Carolina Height 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m) Weight 190 lb (86 kg; 14 st) Nationality United States Residence Palm Beach Gardens, Florida Spouse Paulina Gretzky Children Career College Coastal Carolina University Turned professional 2007 Current tour (s) PGA Tour Professional wins 20 Number of wins by tour PGA Tour 19 Other Best results in major championships (wins: 1) Masters Tournament T4: 2016 U.S. Open Won: 2016 The Open Championship T2: 2011 PGA Championship T5: 2010 Achievements and awards PGA Player of the Year 2016 PGA Tour Player of the Year 2016 PGA Tour leading money winner 2016 Vardon Trophy 2016 Byron Nelson Award 2016",
"title": "Dustin Johnson"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Vietnam War Genre Documentary Written by Geoffrey C. Ward Directed by Ken Burns and Lynn Novick Narrated by Peter Coyote Composer (s) Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross Country of origin United States Original language (s) English No. of episodes 10 Production Cinematography Buddy Squires Editor (s) Tricia Reidy Paul Barnes Erik Ewers Craig Mellish Running time 1035 mins (171⁄4 hours) Distributor Public Broadcasting Service Release Original network Public Broadcasting Service Original release September 17, 2017 External links Website www.pbs.org/kenburns/the-vietnam-war/home",
"title": "The Vietnam War (TV series)"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Tiger Woods Woods in June 2018 Full name Eldrick Tont Woods Nickname Tiger (1975 - 12 - 30) December 30, 1975 (age 42) Cypress, California Height 6 ft 1 in (185 cm) Weight 185 lb (84 kg) Nationality United States Residence Jupiter Island, Florida Spouse Elin Nordegren (2004 -- 2010) Children Career College Stanford University (did not graduate) Turned professional Current tour (s) PGA Tour (joined 1996) Professional wins 107 Number of wins by tour PGA Tour 80 (2nd all time) European Tour 40 (3rd all time) Japan Golf Tour Asian Tour PGA Tour of Australasia Other 16 Best results in major championships (wins: 14) Masters Tournament Won: 1997, 2001, 2002, 2005 U.S. Open Won: 2000, 2002, 2008 The Open Championship Won: 2000, 2005, 2006 PGA Championship Won: 1999, 2000, 2006, 2007 Achievements and awards PGA Tour Rookie of the Year PGA Player of the Year 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2013 PGA Tour Player of the Year 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2013 PGA Tour leading money winner 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2013 Vardon Trophy 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2013 Byron Nelson Award 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009 FedEx Cup Champion 2007, 2009 (For a full list of awards, see here)",
"title": "Tiger Woods"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Line to Tomorrow is a collection of science fiction and fantasy stories by American writers Henry Kuttner and C. L. Moore, published by Bantam Books in 1954. The book carried the byline of their joint pseudonym Lewis Padgett; the title is sometimes reported as \"Line to Tomorrow and Other Stories of Fantasy and Science Fiction\". Two of the stories were originally published under Kuttner's byline, but all are now generally considered joint efforts.",
"title": "Line to Tomorrow"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Krypton Factor is a British game show produced by Granada Television for broadcast on ITV. The show originally ran from 7 September 1977 to 20 November 1995, and was hosted by Gordon Burns and usually broadcast on the ITV network on Mondays at 7pm.",
"title": "The Krypton Factor"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Scott Pinckney (born March 13, 1989) is an American professional golfer who has played on the European Tour, Challenge Tour, Web.com Tour, and PGA Tour.",
"title": "Scott Pinckney"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Stuart Cable (19 May 1970 – 7 June 2010) was a Welsh rock drummer and broadcaster, best known as the original drummer for the band Stereophonics.",
"title": "Stuart Cable"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The New Americans is a seven-hour American documentary, produced by Kartemquin Films, that was originally broadcast on American television over three nights on the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) in late March 2004.",
"title": "The New Americans"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Tiger Woods Woods in June 2014 Full name Eldrick Tont Woods Nickname Tiger (1975 - 12 - 30) December 30, 1975 (age 42) Cypress, California Height 6 ft 1 in (185 cm) Weight 185 lb (84 kg) Nationality United States Residence Jupiter Island, Florida Spouse Elin Nordegren (2004 -- 2010) Children Career College Stanford University (did not graduate) Turned professional Current tour (s) PGA Tour (joined 1996) Professional wins 106 Number of wins by tour PGA Tour 79 (2nd all time) European Tour 40 (3rd all time) Japan Golf Tour Asian Tour PGA Tour of Australasia Other 16 Best results in major championships (wins: 14) Masters Tournament Won: 1997, 2001, 2002, 2005 U.S. Open Won: 2000, 2002, 2008 The Open Championship Won: 2000, 2005, 2006 PGA Championship Won: 1999, 2000, 2006, 2007 Achievements and awards PGA Tour Rookie of the Year PGA Player of the Year 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2013 PGA Tour Player of the Year 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2013 PGA Tour leading money winner 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2013 Vardon Trophy 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2013 Byron Nelson Award 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009 FedEx Cup Champion 2007, 2009 (For a full list of awards, see here)",
"title": "Tiger Woods"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Bill is a British police procedural television series, first broadcast on ITV from 16 October 1984 until 31 August 2010. The programme originated from a one - off drama, Woodentop, broadcast in August 1983.",
"title": "The Bill"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Richard Mast (born March 23, 1951) is an American professional golfer who has played on the PGA Tour, Nationwide Tour, and Champions Tour.",
"title": "Dick Mast"
}
],
"question": "What was the original broadcaster of the PGA Tour, on the network that first showed Byline?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "ABC",
"id": 519755,
"paragraph_support_idx": 2,
"question": "Byline >> original broadcaster"
},
{
"answer": "American Broadcasting Company",
"id": 264298,
"paragraph_support_idx": 3,
"question": "PGA Tour on #1 >> original broadcaster"
}
]
} |
2hop__323163_55607 | When did Flatline come out by the performer of U Smile? | January 2, 2014 | [
"January 2, 2014"
] | {
"answer": "January 2, 2014",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__323163_55607",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Mona Lisa Smile is a 2003 American drama film produced by Revolution Studios and Columbia Pictures in association with Red Om Films Productions, directed by Mike Newell, written by Lawrence Konner and Mark Rosenthal, and starring Julia Roberts, Kirsten Dunst, Julia Stiles and Maggie Gyllenhaal. The title is a reference to the \"Mona Lisa\", the famous painting by Leonardo da Vinci, and to the song of the same name, originally performed by Nat King Cole, which was covered by Seal for the movie. Julia Roberts received a record $25 million for her performance, the highest ever earned by an actress at that time.",
"title": "Mona Lisa Smile"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Smiling Fishergirl is a painting by the Dutch Golden Age painter Frans Hals, painted in the early 1630s, now in a private collection.",
"title": "Smiling Fishergirl"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Easter Oratorio (), 249, is an oratorio by Johann Sebastian Bach, beginning with (\"Come, hasten and run\"). Bach composed it in Leipzig and first performed it on 1 April 1725.",
"title": "Easter Oratorio"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The group reunited and began performing during 2007, with the release of their 'retrospective' album Exile on Mainstream, on October 2, 2007. ``How Far We've Come ''was the first single from the new album, which was followed by the second single,`` These Hard Times''. ``Exile on Mainstream ''included four other new songs and a complete collection of all eleven of their previously released singles. The album was also released in the new MVI (Music Video Interactive) format, which included two video interviews discussing the six new songs and eleven greatest hits, plus extras including a photo gallery, U-MYX (to remix`` How Far We've Come''), buddy icons and wallpapers. ``How Far We've Come ''was released on the band's MySpace page in July 2007, with the video released on September 6, 2007. Matchbox Twenty toured during early 2008 with Alanis Morissette and opener Mutemath. The band began their US tour on January 25, 2008, in Hollywood, FL, and concluded in Las Vegas, NV, on March 18, 2008 before heading to Australia and New Zealand, where the Australian band Thirsty Merc was the supporting act. Following Australia, Matchbox Twenty visited the UK for the first time in five years to play six concerts in Cardiff, Wembley, Birmingham, Glasgow, and Manchester. Matchbox Twenty performed at the 2008 NASCAR Sprint Cup award ceremony.",
"title": "Matchbox Twenty"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In a flashforward, Ryan attends UC Berkeley, where Sandy is now a law professor. At Seth and Summer's wedding, he is best man and shares a smile with Taylor, the maid of honor (their relationship status is left ambiguous). Ryan achieves his dream of becoming an architect. As he walks away from a construction site, he notices a teenager down on his luck, seemingly in the same situation Ryan was when he was kicked out of his home. As he offers the youth help, Ryan's story comes full circle.",
"title": "Ryan Atwood"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "SM \"U-41 or U-XLI\" was a \"U-27\" class U-boat or submarine for the Austro-Hungarian Navy. \"U-41\", built by the Austrian firm of Cantiere Navale Triestino (CNT) at the Pola Navy Yard, was launched in November 1917. When she was commissioned in February 1918, she became the last boat of her class to enter service. She was also the last domestically constructed Austro-Hungarian U-boat to enter service.",
"title": "SM U-41 (Austria-Hungary)"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``Come Back When You Grow Up ''is a song written by Martha Sharp and performed by Bobby Vee and The Strangers. The song was a comeback for the 24 year - old Vee, and it reached # 3 on the Billboard Hot 100 in 1967. The song appeared on his 1967 album, Come Back When You Grow Up.",
"title": "Come Back When You Grow Up"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "\"U Smile\" is a song performed by Canadian recording artist Justin Bieber. It was written by Jerry Duplessis, Arden Altino, and Dan August Rigo, and produced by Duplessis and Altino. According to Bieber, the song is dedicated to his special fans. The song was released as the second digital-only single from the latter half of Bieber's debut album on March 16, 2010. It was released to mainstream radio in Canada on August 9, 2010, followed by a mainstream and rhythmic release on August 24, 2010, in the United States as the album's third single there.",
"title": "U Smile"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``Make Me Smile (Come Up and See Me) ''is a song by British rock band Steve Harley & Cockney Rebel, released as the lead single from the band's 1975 album The Best Years of Our Lives. It was written by Harley, and produced by Harley and Alan Parsons. In February 1975, the song reached the number - one spot on the UK chart and received a UK Silver certification. It spent nine weeks in the Top 50, and as of 2015, has sold over 1.5 million copies worldwide.",
"title": "Make Me Smile (Come Up and See Me)"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "dont smile at me EP by Billie Eilish Released August 11, 2017 Recorded 2016 Length 28: 58 Label Interscope Producer Finneas O'Connell Singles from dont smile at me ``Ocean Eyes ''Released: November 18, 2016`` Bellyache'' Released: February 24, 2017 ``Watch ''Released: June 30, 2017`` Idontwannabeyouanymore'' Released: July 20, 2017",
"title": "Don't Smile at Me"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In North America, 'Til Death Do Us Part was released on September 29, 2017 alongside Flatliners and American Made, as well as the wide expansion of Battle of the Sexes, and was projected to gross around $4 million in its opening weekend. It ended up underperforming, opening to just $1.5 million and finishing 9th at the box office.",
"title": "'Til Death Do Us Part (film)"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"Here She Comes Now\"/\"Venus in Furs\" is a split single from the American rock bands Nirvana and The Melvins. It was released in 1991 and includes the songs \"Here She Comes Now\" performed by Nirvana, and \"Venus in Furs\" performed by The Melvins. Both songs are cover versions of Velvet Underground songs.",
"title": "Here She Comes Now / Venus in Furs"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``U Ca n't Touch This ''is a song co-written, produced and performed by MC Hammer from his 1990 album Please Hammer, Do n't Hurt 'Em. The track is considered to be Hammer's signature song and is his most successful single.",
"title": "U Can't Touch This"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Piqué was a member of the Spain under-19 side that won the 2006 UEFA European Under-19 Championship in Poland. In a 2–1 final win against Scotland, Piqué put in a strong performance in defence, hitting the crossbar with a header, and also providing his team's second goal for striker Alberto Bueno.Subsequently, he played in the 2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup, starting all six of Spain's matches and scoring a goal in the team's come-from-behind 4–2 victory over Brazil in the round of 16. However, Piqué missed the deciding penalty in the shoot-out against the Czech Republic and Spain were eliminated at the quarter-final stage.",
"title": "Gerard Piqué"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The next day, Higgins finds Eliza gone and searches for her, eventually finding her at his mother's house. Higgins attempts to talk Eliza into coming back to him. He becomes angered when Eliza announces that she is going to marry Freddy and become Karpathy's assistant. He makes his way home, stubbornly predicting that she will come crawling back. However, he comes to the realization that he has ``grown accustomed to her face. ''Henry returns to his study to lament his loneliness. As he listens to Eliza's recorded voice, she reappears in the doorway behind him, turning off the recording and saying in her old Cockney accent,`` I washed my hands and face before I come I did.'' Higgins looks surprised then pleased before asking for his slippers once more as Eliza smiles on behind him, leaving the audience to decide what happens next.",
"title": "My Fair Lady (film)"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Smile Smile was an American folk pop indie rock band based in Dallas, Texas. The band is made up of Jencey Hirunrusme (piano and vocals) and Ryan Hamilton (guitar and vocals). At various times Smile Smile has played with a variety of drummers including Jeff Gilroy (Red Monroe), Michael Ratliff (Calhoun, Odis) and Cooper Heffley (Little Black Dress).",
"title": "Smile Smile"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The current official Hawaiian alphabet consists of thirteen letters: five vowels (A a, E e, I i, O o, U u) and eight consonants (H h, K k, L l, M m, N n, P p, W w, ʻ). Alphabetic order differs from the normal Latin order in that the vowels come first, then the consonants. The five vowels with macrons -- Ā ā, Ē ē, Ī ī, Ō ō, Ū ū -- are not treated as separate letters, but are alphabetized immediately after unaccented vowels. The ʻokina is ignored for purposes of alphabetization.",
"title": "Hawaiian alphabet"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "U to U, sometimes labeled as U-2-U, is a weekly Nickelodeon television series that aired from 1994 to 1996. The show focused on displaying viewer-submitted work and ideas in their \"Straight From U\" segment where viewers were able to submit their work via mail, e-mail, fax, or telephone.",
"title": "U to U"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Come Fill the Cup is a 1951 film starring James Cagney and Gig Young, directed by Gordon Douglas. Young's performance was nominated for an Academy Award and Golden Globe.",
"title": "Come Fill the Cup"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "On December 9, 2013, Bieber announced that the ten Music Monday releases would be packaged with an additional five new songs in a compilation entitled Complete My Journals. Although the album was initially set for release on December 16, 2013, the date was pushed back one week to December 23, as Bieber intended to include one more song on the compilation. Though it does not appear on the album itself, the bonus track, ``Flatline '', was available for a free download on the iTunes Store for a limited time. Journals was available on iTunes from January 2, 2014, and all sixteen songs are available for purchase individually. According to one of its producers and Bieber's personal friend, Jason`` Poo Bear'' Boyd, the album was supposed to receive a full release, as well as its singles to be promoted on radio, however the label did n't support it because it was n't the direction they wanted Justin to go. It was, however, eventually released on LP in 2016.",
"title": "Journals (album)"
}
],
"question": "When did Flatline come out by the performer of U Smile?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Justin Bieber",
"id": 323163,
"paragraph_support_idx": 7,
"question": "U Smile >> performer"
},
{
"answer": "January 2, 2014",
"id": 55607,
"paragraph_support_idx": 19,
"question": "when did flatline by #1 come out"
}
]
} |
3hop1__129307_85073_74809 | Who owns the imperial palace in the large city in the southeastern part of the state Humboldt Range is located? | Caesars Entertainment Corporation | [
"Caesars Entertainment Corporation"
] | {
"answer": "Caesars Entertainment Corporation",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "3hop1__129307_85073_74809",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "A major part of Southern Nevada's economy is based on tourism, including gambling. The primary drivers of the Las Vegas economy have been the confluence of tourism, gaming, and conventions which in turn feed the retail and dining industries. The city serves as world headquarters for the world's two largest Fortune 500 gaming companies, Harrah's Entertainment and MGM Mirage.",
"title": "Southern Nevada"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Wild Horse Range is a mountain range in Elko County, Nevada, United States, northwest of the Owyhee River's Wild Horse Reservoir. It is contained within the Mountain City Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. The range is considered to be a sub-range of the Jarbidge Mountains.",
"title": "Wild Horse Range"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Columbia Point is a high mountain summit of the Crestones in the Sangre de Cristo Range of the Rocky Mountains of North America. The thirteener is located east by south (bearing 102°) of the Town of Crestone in Saguache County, Colorado, United States. The Crestones are a cluster of high summits in the Sangre de Cristo Range, comprising Crestone Peak, Crestone Needle, Kit Carson Peak, Challenger Point, Humboldt Peak, and Columbia Point.",
"title": "Columbia Point"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Pieck Range () is a short mountain range surmounted by Zwiesel Mountain, located at the east side of Humboldt Graben in the Petermann Ranges, Wohlthat Mountains in Antarctica.",
"title": "Pieck Range"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Ruby Range is a subrange of the Valhalla Ranges of the Selkirk Mountains of the Columbia Mountains in southeastern British Columbia, Canada, located west of the northern end of Slocan Lake.",
"title": "Ruby Range (Valhalla Ranges)"
},
{
"idx": 5,
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"paragraph_text": "The Sawtooth Range is a small mountain range in southeastern Alaska, United States, located just southwest of Warm Pass and on the north side of the East Fork of the Skagway River. It has an area of 97 km and is a subrange of the Boundary Ranges which in turn form part of the Coast Mountains.",
"title": "Sawtooth Range (Alaska)"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Round Mountain, one of three peaks of the same name in the region, is a mountain located on the Main Range of the Snowy Mountains, part of the Great Dividing Range, in southeastern New South Wales, Australia.",
"title": "Round Mountain (Snowy Mountains)"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Built from 1406 to 1420, the palace complex has undergone many changes. After serving as the imperial palace for some five hundred years, the Forbidden City became a museum, the Palace Museum, in 1925. In 1987, it was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO.",
"title": "History of the Forbidden City"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "O'Donnell Heights is a neighborhood named for a public housing development in the far southeastern part of the city of Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It is located south and east of Interstate 95, just west of the border with Baltimore County, and north of the St. Helena neighborhood.",
"title": "O'Donnell Heights, Baltimore"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Bruneau Range is a mountain range in Elko County, Nevada, United States. It is contained within the Mountain City Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. The range is considered to be a sub-range of the Jarbidge Mountains.",
"title": "Bruneau Range"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Linq (formerly Flamingo Capri, Imperial Palace and The Quad) is a 2,640 - room hotel, casino and shopping promenade on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada. It is owned and operated by Caesars Entertainment Corporation. As of 2012, the casino is 32,890 sq ft (3,056 m) with 830 slot machines, 55 table games, and a race and sports book.",
"title": "The Linq"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Royal Palace of Werla (German: \"Königspfalz Werla\") is located near Werlaburgdorf (municipality: Schladen-Werla) in Lower Saxony. The grounds of the royal palace cover about 20 hectares rising atop Kreuzberg hill, a 17 m high natural plateau overlooking the Oker river. In the Early Middle Ages the palace was an important place in the Holy Roman Empire, serving as an important base for the Ottonians in the 10th century in particular. Although it subsequently lost its political significance to the newly established Imperial Palace of Goslar at Rammelsberg, it developed into an independent settlement with a busy industrial quarter. In the 14th century it fell into ruin and was completely unknown until its rediscovery in the 18th century. The core fortress in particular was thoroughly excavated in the 20th century. Excavations carried out since 2007 have brought new understanding to the hitherto largely unexplored outworks. Since 2010 the palace complex with foundation and enceinte, as well as earthworks, has been partially reconstructed and is now open to the public as the \"Archäologie- und Landschaftspark Kaiserpfalz Werla\" (Archaeological and Wilderness Park of the Imperial Palace of Werla).",
"title": "Royal palace of Werla"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Landau is a large lunar impact crater that is located in the northern hemisphere on the far side of the Moon. It was named after physicist Lev Landau. The crater Wegener is attached to the northeastern rim. Attached to the southeastern rim is Frost.",
"title": "Landau (crater)"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Salton Sea Airport is a privately owned, public use airport located one nautical mile (2 km) southwest of the central business district of Salton City, in Imperial County, California, United States.",
"title": "Salton Sea Airport"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Forbidden City is a palace complex in central Beijing, China. The former Chinese imperial palace from the Ming dynasty to the end of the Qing dynasty -- the years 1420 to 1912, it now houses the Palace Museum. The Forbidden City served as the home of emperors and their households as well as the ceremonial and political center of Chinese government for almost 500 years.",
"title": "Forbidden City"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Fox Creek Range is a mountain range in Elko County, Nevada, United States. It is mostly contained within the Jarbidge Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. The range is considered to be a sub-range of the Jarbidge Mountains.",
"title": "Fox Creek Range"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Humboldt Range is a largely north-south running range of mountains in northwest Nevada, USA, that extend from the town of Imlay in the north to the junction with the West Humboldt Range in the south. It is bordered continuously by Interstate 80 and the Humboldt River, largely expanded in the form of the Rye Patch Reservoir in this area, on the west side and by a long and fairly broad Buena Vista Valley to the east, in a typical basin-and-range pattern. The Humboldts are ostensibly visible to travelers along Interstate 80, especially with respect to the highest point of the range, Star Peak, which with a quite nicely defined tip reaches an elevation of 9,836 feet (2,998 m), located in the center of the north range section. The midpoint of the range is in the area of Fourth of July Flat. The Humboldt Range is also noteworthy for having a famous historical town at its base on the eastern side called Unionville, which, for a brief period, was home to Samuel Clemens. Another historical site, now a ghost town, nearby is called Star City. Unlike some ranges in the vicinity, the substantial height of the Humboldts allows for a number of continuously flowing watersheds, and hiking the terrain is a somewhat noted activity.",
"title": "Humboldt Range"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Rousseau Range is a small mountain range in southeastern Alaska, United States, located just north of the Peabody Mountains. It has an area of 264 km and is a subrange of the Boundary Ranges which in turn form part of the Coast Mountains. The range is located entirely within Misty Fjords National Monument.",
"title": "Rousseau Range"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Granite Peak is the highest mountain in both the Santa Rosa Range and Humboldt County, in Nevada, United States. It is the eighteenth-most topographically prominent peak in the state. The peak is located within the Santa Rosa Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest, about 12 miles north of the small town of Paradise Valley and 23 miles southeast of the small town of McDermitt. It is the highest mountain for over 80 miles in all directions.",
"title": "Granite Peak (Humboldt County, Nevada)"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Humboldt Township is one of twelve townships in Humboldt County, Iowa, USA. As of the 2000 census, its population was 624. Despite its name, the township does not contain the City of Humboldt.",
"title": "Humboldt Township, Humboldt County, Iowa"
}
],
"question": "Who owns the imperial palace in the large city in the southeastern part of the state Humboldt Range is located?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Nevada",
"id": 129307,
"paragraph_support_idx": 16,
"question": "In which state is Humboldt Range located?"
},
{
"answer": "Las Vegas",
"id": 85073,
"paragraph_support_idx": 0,
"question": "what is the name of the large city in southeastern #1"
},
{
"answer": "Caesars Entertainment Corporation",
"id": 74809,
"paragraph_support_idx": 10,
"question": "who owns the imperial palace in #2"
}
]
} |
2hop__62285_86706 | Who beat the #1 ranked player in men's tennis in the US Open? | Novak Djokovic | [
"Novak Djokovic"
] | {
"answer": "Novak Djokovic",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__62285_86706",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Althea Gibson (August 25, 1927 -- September 28, 2003) was an American tennis player and professional golfer, and the first black athlete to cross the color line of international tennis. In 1956, she became the first person of color to win a Grand Slam title (the French Open). The following year she won both Wimbledon and the U.S. Nationals (precursor of the U.S. Open), then won both again in 1958, and was voted Female Athlete of the Year by the Associated Press in both years. In all, she won 11 Grand Slam tournaments, including six doubles titles, and was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame and the International Women's Sports Hall of Fame. ``She is one of the greatest players who ever lived, ''said Robert Ryland, a tennis contemporary and former coach of Venus and Serena Williams.`` Martina could n't touch her. I think she'd beat the Williams sisters.'' In the early 1960s she also became the first black player to compete on the women's professional golf tour.",
"title": "Althea Gibson"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Petr Pála (born 2 October 1975) is a former professional tennis player from the Czech Republic. Together with Pavel Vízner he reached the men's doubles final of the 2001 French Open but lost to Indians Mahesh Bhupathi and Leander Paes (6–7, 3–6). Pála was coached by his father František, who was a professional tennis player on the ATP tour.",
"title": "Petr Pála"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Vishnu Vardhan (born 27 July 1987), also known as J. Vishnuvardhan, is a professional tennis player from India. He won bronze medal in men's doubles at 2010 Asian games in Guangzhou, China. He paired-up with and Sania Mirza for mixed doubles and won silver medal at the same event. He was featured as ITF player of April 2011. He won the national singles title for the fourth time by winning the Men's final of Fenesta Open tennis Championship on October 8, 2016",
"title": "Vishnu Vardhan"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The 2017 Australian Open Men's Singles final was the championship tennis match of the Men's Singles tournament at the 2017 Australian Open. It was contested between Roger Federer and Rafael Nadal, ranked 17th and 9th in the world respectively. It was their record ninth meeting in a Grand Slam final in their rivalry, and their 1st meeting in a Grand Slam final since the 2011 French Open. In a rematch of the 2009 Australian Open final, which Nadal won in 5 sets, Roger Federer won the duel in 5 sets, beating Nadal for the first time in a Grand Slam since the 2007 Wimbledon final. He also trailed Nadal 3 -- 1 in the final set but won 5 games in a row to win the title. This ended a 6 - match losing streak against Nadal in Grand Slam events. Having lost all of their previous three encounters, this was the first time Federer defeated Nadal at the Australian Open and also marked Federer's first Grand Slam victory over Nadal outside the grass courts of Wimbledon. Federer extended his record of Grand Slam men's singles titles to 18 exceeding the previous record of 14 held by Pete Sampras.",
"title": "2017 Australian Open – Men's singles final"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Marsel İlhan (; born 11 June 1987) is a Turkish professional tennis player, ranked No. 1 in Turkey and with a career-high singles ranking of world No. 77 in March 2015. He is the first ever Turkish player to reach the 2nd round in a Grand Slam tournament, as well as the first Turkish player to win a Challenger Tournament and also the first Turkish player to enter the top 100 in the world ranking (first ranked 96th in September 2010).",
"title": "Marsel İlhan"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Mariano Zabaleta (born 28 February 1978) is a retired professional male tennis player from Argentina. He had an unusual but effective service motion. His best shot was his forehand and his favourite surface was clay. Zabaleta's career highlights include reaching the quarter-finals of the 2001 US Open and the final of the 1999 Hamburg Masters. He achieved a career-high singles ranking of World No. 21.",
"title": "Mariano Zabaleta"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Djokovic is widely regarded as one of the greatest tennis players of all time. He has won 13 Grand Slam singles titles, five ATP Finals titles, 30 Masters 1000 series titles, 12 ATP World Tour 500 tournaments, and has held the No. 1 spot in the ATP rankings for a total of 223 weeks. In majors, he has won six Australian Open titles, four Wimbledon titles, two US Open titles and one French Open title. In 2016, he became the eighth player in history to achieve the Career Grand Slam. Following his victory at the 2016 French Open, he became the third man to hold all four major titles at once, the first since Rod Laver in 1969, and the first ever to do so on three different surfaces.",
"title": "Novak Djokovic"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The 1983 Japan Open Tennis Championships was a combined men's and women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts in Tokyo, Japan that was part of the 1983 Virginia Slims World Championship Series and the 1983 Volvo Grand Prix. The tournament was held from 17 October through 23 October 1983. Eliot Teltscher and Etsuko Inoue won the singles titles.",
"title": "1983 Japan Open Tennis Championships"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Indu Puri (born 1953) is a former Indian international female Table tennis sportsperson in the 1970s and 1980s. She won the National women's singles title a record eight times. Her highest rankings have been: international 63 (1985), Asian 8, and Commonwealth (2), she was the first Indian to beat a world champion, beating Pak Yung-Sun of North Korea in the 1978 Asian Table Tennis Championships at Kuala Lumpur.",
"title": "Indu Puri"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Dick Gould is an American tennis coach. He was the Men's Tennis Coach at Stanford University for 38 years from 1966–2004. His Stanford men's tennis teams won 17 NCAA Men's Tennis Championships, and 50 of his players won All-American honors. He was named the ITA-Wilson \"Coach of the Decade\" both for the 1980s and the 1990s.",
"title": "Dick Gould"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Roger Federer holds the records for both the most total weeks at No. 1 (302) and most consecutive weeks at No. 1 (237). Pete Sampras holds the record for the most year - end No. 1 (six, all consecutive). Patrick Rafter spent the fewest time at No. 1 (one week).",
"title": "List of ATP number 1 ranked singles tennis players"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Franco Squillari (born 22 August 1975) is a former professional male tennis player from Argentina. He won 3 singles titles, reached the semifinals of the 2000 French Open and achieved a career-high singles ranking of World No. 11.",
"title": "Franco Squillari"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The 2017 Australian Open Men's Singles final was the championship tennis match of the Men's Singles tournament at the 2017 Australian Open. It was contested between Roger Federer and Rafael Nadal, ranked 17th and 9th in the world respectively. It was their record ninth meeting in a Grand Slam final in their rivalry, and their 1st meeting in a Grand Slam final since the 2011 French Open. In a rematch of the 2009 Australian Open final, which Nadal won in 5 sets, Roger Federer won the duel in 5 sets, beating Nadal for the first time in a Grand Slam since the 2007 Wimbledon final. He also trailed Nadal 3 -- 1 in the final set but won 5 games in a row to win the title. This ended a 6 - match losing streak against Nadal in Grand Slam events. Having lost all of their previous three encounters, this was the first time Federer defeated Nadal at the Australian Open and also marked Federer's first Grand Slam victory over Nadal outside the grass courts of Wimbledon. Federer extended his record of Grand Slam men's singles titles to 18, marking the third time he broke his own all - time record, after breaking the previous record of 14, held by Pete Sampras.",
"title": "2017 Australian Open – Men's singles final"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Thalhimer Tennis Center is the intercollegiate tennis facility at Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond, Virginia. It is home stadium and training facility for the VCU Rams women's tennis and the VCU Rams men's tennis teams.",
"title": "Thalhimer Tennis Center"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The 1984 US Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the USTA National Tennis Center in New York City in New York in the United States. It was the 104th edition of the US Open and was held from August 28 to September 9, 1984.",
"title": "1984 US Open (tennis)"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Rodney George Laver AC, MBE (born 9 August 1938) is an Australian former tennis player widely regarded as one of the greatest in the history of the sport. He was the No. 1 ranked professional from 1964 to 1970, spanning four years before and three years after the start of the Open Era in 1968. He also was the No. 1 ranked amateur in 1961 -- 62.",
"title": "Rod Laver"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Djokovic -- Federer rivalry is a tennis rivalry between two professional tennis players, Novak Djokovic and Roger Federer. They have faced each other 45 times with Djokovic leading 23 -- 22. This includes a record 15 Grand Slam matches, four of which were finals, plus a record ten semifinals. Both players have beaten the other in each of the four Grand Slam tournaments. Federer dominated during their early slam matches, but Djokovic now has a 9 -- 6 lead in Grand Slam matches, including eight wins in the last ten meetings. A notable aspect of the rivalry is their ability to beat each other on any given day, including Grand Slam play, making it one of the most competitive and evenly matched rivalries in the Open Era. To date Federer is the only man to have beaten Djokovic in all four majors, and likewise Djokovic is the only man to have beaten Federer in all four majors. Both men accomplished this after having beaten each other at Wimbledon. Both players are generally considered to be the two greatest hard court players in the open era.",
"title": "Djokovic–Federer rivalry"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Jonathan Stark (born April 3, 1971) is a former professional tennis player from the United States. During his career he won two Grand Slam doubles titles (the 1994 French Open Men's Doubles and the 1995 Wimbledon Championships Mixed Doubles). Stark reached the World No. 1 doubles ranking in 1994.",
"title": "Jonathan Stark (tennis)"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Zaman Molla (born August 17, 1979 in Tehran) is a former Iranian National Team table tennis player. Zaman Molla played his first game of table tennis at age 14 and at age 17 was the top player on the Iran Junior National Table Tennis Team. In addition to playing for the national team and leagues, Zaman has been coaching table tennis for over fifteen years and is a certified coach by International Table Tennis Federation. As one of the top ranked players in the USA, Zaman has won first place in over two dozen tournaments in California including the LATT Open, Grace Lin Open, Santa Monica Open, California State Open, ICC California State Open, Pacific Coast open and many more.",
"title": "Zaman Molla"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Men's Doubles tournament at the 1992 US Open was held between August 31 and September 13, 1992, on the outdoor hard courts at the USTA National Tennis Center in New York City, United States. Jim Grabb and Richey Reneberg won the title, defeating Kelly Jones and Rick Leach in the final.",
"title": "1992 US Open – Men's Doubles"
}
],
"question": "Who beat the #1 ranked player in men's tennis in the US Open?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Roger Federer",
"id": 62285,
"paragraph_support_idx": 10,
"question": "who is ranked first in men's tennis"
},
{
"answer": "Novak Djokovic",
"id": 86706,
"paragraph_support_idx": 16,
"question": "who beat #1 in the us open"
}
]
} |
2hop__670732_162108 | Who did the performers of Live at Grimey's collaborate with? | San Francisco Symphony | [
"San Francisco Symphony"
] | {
"answer": "San Francisco Symphony",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__670732_162108",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Waiting for the Moon: An American Love Story, formerly Zelda or Scott & Zelda: The Other Side Of Paradise, is a musical with music by Frank Wildhorn and lyrics by Jack Murphy. It is the second finished production the two have presented, having previously collaborated on \"The Civil War\". The show had its world premiere at the Lenape Regional Performing Arts Center in Marlton, New Jersey in July 2005. The musical is based on the lives of famed American author F. Scott Fitzgerald and his wife, Zelda Fitzgerald.",
"title": "Waiting for the Moon (musical)"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Title in Limbo is an album by The Residents in collaboration with Renaldo and the Loaf, released in 1983 on Ralph Records. Guest performers include Snakefinger (guitar and violin), and vocalist Nessie Lessons.",
"title": "Title in Limbo"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Dangell was born in a Jewish family in Tallinn, Estonia. She started to learn classical piano at the State Musical School in Tallinn at the age of seven, and eventually studied it at the Conservatoire. Her career of pianist, singer and songwriter began in early school years. She performed live on stage and in recording studios as soloist and producer of her own musical creations. She also participated in duet collaborations with Bobby Kimball (Toto) \"The Heaven of Milano\" and with Amedeo Minghi \"La Vita Mia\", broadcast by RAI Uno on 28 March 2009 and on 1 September 2011.",
"title": "Maria Dangell"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Tubular Bells II, The Performance Live at Edinburgh Castle is a live concert video by Mike Oldfield released in 1992.",
"title": "Tubular Bells II Live"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Live Earth concert in Antarctica was held at Rothera Research Station, one in a series of Live Earth concerts that took place on July 7, 2007, in all seven continents. The band Nunatak performed as the lone act. Nunatak's performances, though performed in front of only 17 people, were broadcast all over the world. It was the first rock concert ever performed in Antarctica.",
"title": "Live Earth concert, Antarctica"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Théodule Charles Devéria (; 1 July 1831 – 31 January 1871) was a French photographer and Egyptologist who lived in the 19th century. He is known for his collaboration with Auguste Mariette. His younger brother was Gabriel Devéria.",
"title": "Théodule Devéria"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Live at Grimey's is a live album by the American heavy metal band Metallica. The album was recorded live on June 12, 2008, at The Basement, a venue beneath Grimey's New & Preloved Music in Nashville, Tennessee, just before their appearance at the Bonnaroo Music Festival. It was released on November 26, 2010. It was released on both CD and vinyl, and is available at independent record stores, as well as the band's website. In its first week after release, the EP sold around 3,000 copies.",
"title": "Live at Grimey's"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Doctors & Dealers is a one-woman band based in Stockholm, Sweden. The principal member is Sparrow Lindgren who frequently works with collaborator Anders Lager on recordings and several additional band members when playing live shows.",
"title": "Doctors & Dealers"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The following year, the Scorpions had an artistic collaboration with the Berlin Philharmonic that resulted in a 10-song album named Moment of Glory. The album went a long way toward rebuilding the band's reputation after the harsh criticism of Eye II Eye. However, critics accused them of following on the coattails of Metallica's similar collaboration (S&M) with the San Francisco Symphony which had been released the previous year, even though the orchestra had first approached the Scorpions with the idea in 1995.",
"title": "Scorpions (band)"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "DoDTechipedia is a wiki developed by the United States Department of Defense (DoD), to facilitate increased communication and collaboration among DoD scientists, engineers, program managers, acquisition professionals, and operational warfighters. DoDTechipedia is a living knowledge base that reduces duplication of effort, encourages collaboration among program areas, and connects capability providers with technology developers. DoDTechipedia runs on Confluence wiki engine, unlike a number of MediaWiki-based government wikis like Diplopedia and Bureaupedia.",
"title": "DoDTechipedia"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Thad Jones/Mel Lewis Jazz Orchestra was a jazz big band formed by trumpeter Thad Jones and drummer Mel Lewis in New York in 1965. The band performed for twelve years in its original incarnation, including a 1972 tour of the Soviet Union during the height of the Cold War. The band won a Grammy Award for the album \"Live in Munich\" and in 2009 for the album \"Monday Night Live at the Village Vanguard.\" The collaboration ended in 1978 with Jones suddenly moving to Copenhagen, Denmark, after which the band became the Mel Lewis Jazz Orchestra. Since the death of Lewis in 1990 it has been known as the Vanguard Jazz Orchestra. They have maintained a Monday-night residency at the Village Vanguard jazz club in New York for five decades.",
"title": "The Thad Jones/Mel Lewis Orchestra"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Originally from Hamilton, Ontario, Fachin began performing in the Toronto area at the age of 15 in a variety of capacities, including nightclub performances, roles in musical theatre, recording commercial jingles for local advertisers and performing on television variety shows. She also recorded a number of singles during this era, including \"I'm Not Your Puppet\", and married her musical collaborator Lou Bartolomucci in 1986.",
"title": "Eria Fachin"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Zombi 2 is a 1979 Italian zombie film directed by Lucio Fulci. It was adapted from an original screenplay by Dardano Sacchetti to serve as a sequel to George A. Romero's \"Dawn of the Dead\" (1978), which was released in Italy with the title \"Zombi\". It stars Tisa Farrow, Ian McCulloch, and Richard Johnson, and features a score by frequent Fulci collaborator Fabio Frizzi. Frizzi's score has been released independently of the film, and he has performed it live on tour.",
"title": "Zombi 2"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Real Live Roadrunning is a collaborative live album by British singer-songwriter and guitarist Mark Knopfler and American singer-songwriter Emmylou Harris, released on 14 November 2006 by Mercury Records and Universal Music internationally, and by Warner Bros. Records in the United States. The album was recorded live on 28 June 2006 at the Gibson Amphitheatre in Los Angeles, at the end of their summer tour in support of their critically acclaimed album, \"All the Roadrunning\". \"Real Live Roadrunning\" was released as a combined CD/DVD.",
"title": "Real Live Roadrunning"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``Moonlight Shadow ''is a song written and performed by English multi-instrumentalist Mike Oldfield, released as a single in May 1983 by Virgin Records, and included in the album Crises of the same year. The vocals were performed by Scottish vocalist Maggie Reilly, who had collaborated with Mike Oldfield since 1980. It is Oldfield's most successful single, reaching number one on a number of charts around Europe.",
"title": "Moonlight Shadow"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Peter Knobler (born 1946) is an American writer living in New York City. He has collaborated on several national best sellers and was the editor-in-chief of \"Crawdaddy\" magazine from 1972 to 1979.",
"title": "Peter Knobler"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Nonviolent Communication (abbreviated NVC, also called Compassionate Communication or Collaborative Communication) is an approach to nonviolent living developed by Marshall Rosenberg beginning in the 1960s.",
"title": "Nonviolent Communication"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Telectu is a Portuguese experimental, avant-garde music duo formed in 1982 by Vítor Rua (former member of GNR) and Jorge Lima Barreto, a jazz musician and musical essayist. Their music incorporates a variety of elements from free jazz, rock, electronica, minimalism and concrete music. They are arguably the most important project of its genre in Portugal. Their career spanning 30 years, includes a voluminous discography, many national and international performances and collaborations, both live and recorded, with important experimental and improvisation musicians such as Elliott Sharp, Carlos Zíngaro, Jac Berrocal, Sunny Murray, Chris Cutler amongst others. They have also composed music for theater, video art and multimedia performance.",
"title": "Telectu"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Collaboration is an album by American jazz group the Modern Jazz Quartet with Brazilian guitarist Laurindo Almeida featuring performances recorded at Webster Hall in 1964 and released on the Atlantic label.",
"title": "Collaboration (Modern Jazz Quartet and Laurindo Almeida album)"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Guy Schwartz (born February 17, 1952) is an American musician, bandleader, songwriter, videographer, music journalist, media activist, and 2016 presidential candidate, mostly known for his collaborative involvement with other Texas musicians, a couple of regional minor-hit records in the 1970s and 1980s, his three local Houston, Texas cable access TV series featuring local and regional original music, and live performances featuring set pieces plus spontaneous music and lyrics.",
"title": "Guy Schwartz"
}
],
"question": "Who did the performers of Live at Grimey's collaborate with?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Metallica",
"id": 670732,
"paragraph_support_idx": 6,
"question": "Live at Grimey's >> performer"
},
{
"answer": "San Francisco Symphony",
"id": 162108,
"paragraph_support_idx": 8,
"question": "#1 collaborated with who ?"
}
]
} |
2hop__750477_602677 | Where is the club owned by the Bohemian Grove located? | San Francisco | [
"San Francisco",
"San Francisco, California",
"San Fran"
] | {
"answer": "San Francisco",
"answer_aliases": [
"San Francisco, California",
"San Fran"
],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__750477_602677",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Sachs Harbour (David Nasogaluak Jr. Saaryuaq) Airport is located at Sachs Harbour, Northwest Territories, Canada. Pilots will need to bring their own pump if they require 100LL fuel.",
"title": "Sachs Harbour (David Nasogaluak Jr. Saaryuaq) Airport"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Waddams Grove, previously known as Wadam's, Waddam's Grove, and Sada, is an unincorporated community in the Stephenson County township of West Point, Illinois, United States. Waddams Grove was the first settlement in Stephenson County. It is located northwest of Lena. The community is near the site of the Battle of Waddams Grove which took place during the Black Hawk War.",
"title": "Waddams Grove, Illinois"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:",
"title": "Khabarovsky District"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.",
"title": "Territory of Papua"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Goodings Grove was a census-designated place in northern Will County, Illinois, United States. The population was 17,084 at the 2000 census. It ceased to exist as an entity upon the incorporation of the village of Homer Glen, Illinois in 2001.",
"title": "Goodings Grove, Illinois"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC, originally known as the NASA Launch Operations Center) is one of ten National Aeronautics and Space Administration field centers. Since December 1968, the KSC has been NASA's primary launch center of human spaceflight. Launch operations for the Apollo, Skylab and Space Shuttle programs were carried out from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39 and managed by KSC. Located on the east coast of Florida, KSC is adjacent to Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS). The management of the two entities work very closely together, share resources, and even own facilities on each other's property.",
"title": "Kennedy Space Center"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Monterey Trail High School (MTHS or MT) is a 9th-12th grade college preparatory high school located in Elk Grove, California. The school was established in the first decade of the 21st century as part of the Elk Grove Unified School District.",
"title": "Monterey Trail High School"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Blooming Grove is an unincorporated community in northeastern North Bloomfield Township, Morrow County, Ohio, United States. The community is located at the junction of State Route 97 and Morrow County Road 20. The nearest city is Galion, Ohio, located to the northwest. Mount Gilead, the county seat of Morrow County, is located southwest of Blooming Grove on State Route 61.",
"title": "Blooming Grove, Ohio"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "After the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, the territory became part of the Habsburg Austrian Empire, and subsequently the Austro-Hungarian Empire from 1867. Bohemia retained its name and formal status as a separate Kingdom of Bohemia until 1918, known as a crown land within the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and its capital Prague was one of the empire's leading cities. The Czech language (called the Bohemian language in English usage until the 19th century) was the main language of the Diet and the nobility until 1627 (after the Bohemian Revolt was suppressed). German was then formally made equal with Czech and eventually prevailed as the language of the Diet until the Czech National Revival in the 19th century. German was also widely used as the language of administration in many towns after the return of Germans immigrated and populated some areas of the country in the 13th century after the Migration Period. The royal court used the Czech, Latin, and German languages, depending on the ruler and period.",
"title": "Kingdom of Bohemia"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Komárov is a market town in Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It is located southwest of Beroun and southwest of Prague.",
"title": "Komárov (Beroun District)"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.",
"title": "Bogotá"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Opařany is a municipality that is situated in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic, with a 2007 estimated population of 1392. It is located about 15 kilometers from Tábor, its administrative district, and approximately 90 kilometers from the capital Prague and is 464 meters above sea level. The current mayor is Mgr. Blanka Řezáčová.",
"title": "Opařany"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Elk Grove Village is a village located in northeastern Illinois adjacent to O'Hare International Airport and is a near northwest suburb, touching the city of Chicago. It is one of the Chicago metropolitan area's principal villages due to its large industrial park, located on the eastern border of the village. The village is located primarily in Cook County with a small portion in DuPage County. The population was 33,127 at the 2010 census. As the name suggests, Elk Grove Village is home to a small herd of elk kept in a grove at the eastern edge of the Busse Woods forest preserve for which the grove is named. Elk are not native to the area but were brought by train from Montana by an early resident, William Busse, in the 1920s. The elk are currently maintained by the Chicago Zoological Society veterinary staff and the Busse Woods Forest Preserve wildlife biologists.",
"title": "Elk Grove Village, Illinois"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Island Grove is an unincorporated community in Grove Township, Jasper County, Illinois, United States. Island Grove is located on County Route 12, north-northwest of Wheeler.",
"title": "Island Grove, Jasper County, Illinois"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition.",
"title": "Union territory"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a \"zone d'exploitation contrôlée\" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada.",
"title": "Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Grove Play is an annual theatrical production written, produced and performed by and for Bohemian Club members, and staged outdoors in California at the Bohemian Grove each summer.",
"title": "List of Grove Plays"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.",
"title": "Vilnius County"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Daniel O'Connell (1849 – 23 January 1899) was a poet, actor, writer and journalist in San Francisco, California, and a co-founder of the Bohemian Club. He was the grand-nephew of Daniel O'Connell (1775–1847), the famed Irish orator and politician.",
"title": "Daniel O'Connell (journalist)"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021.",
"title": "Paea"
}
],
"question": "Where is the club owned by the Bohemian Grove located?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Bohemian Club",
"id": 750477,
"paragraph_support_idx": 16,
"question": "Bohemian Grove >> owned by"
},
{
"answer": "San Francisco",
"id": 602677,
"paragraph_support_idx": 18,
"question": "#1 >> located in the administrative territorial entity"
}
]
} |
2hop__664398_26537 | What is the highest elevation in the birthplace of Marpa Lotsawa? | Mount Everest | [
"Mount Everest",
"Everest"
] | {
"answer": "Mount Everest",
"answer_aliases": [
"Everest"
],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__664398_26537",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Fort Davis has the highest elevation above sea level of any county seat in Texas; the elevation is 5,050 feet.",
"title": "Fort Davis, Texas"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 2007, about 48 percent of Malians were younger than 12 years old, 49 percent were 15–64 years old, and 3 percent were 65 and older. The median age was 15.9 years. The birth rate in 2014 is 45.53 births per 1,000, and the total fertility rate (in 2012) was 6.4 children per woman. The death rate in 2007 was 16.5 deaths per 1,000. Life expectancy at birth was 53.06 years total (51.43 for males and 54.73 for females). Mali has one of the world's highest rates of infant mortality, with 106 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2007.",
"title": "Mali"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Martin Mountain Ridge is a ridge located in Allegany County, Maryland lying 3.25 miles west of Flintstone, Maryland and extending into Pennsylvania. Its highest elevation is 1,980 feet.",
"title": "Martin Mountain Ridge"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Which state or territory is ``highest ''and`` lowest'' is determined by the definition of ``high ''and`` low''. For instance, Alaska could be regarded as the highest state because Denali, at 20,310 feet (6,190.5 m), is the highest point in the United States. However, Colorado, with the highest mean elevation of any state as well as the highest low point, could also be considered a candidate for ``highest state ''. Determining which state is`` lowest'' is equally problematic. California contains the Badwater Basin in Death Valley, at 279 feet (85 m) below sea level, the lowest point in the United States; while Florida has the lowest high point, and Delaware has the lowest mean elevation. Florida is also the flattest state, with the smallest difference between its highest and lowest points.",
"title": "List of U.S. states and territories by elevation"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Seetalhorn is a mountain of the Swiss Pennine Alps, overlooking Grächen in the canton of Valais. With an elevation of 3,037 m, it is the highest point of the ski area of Grächen.",
"title": "Seetalhorn"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Samanjac (Serbian Cyrillic: Самањац ) is a mountain in central Serbia, near the town of Boljevac. Its highest peak has an elevation of 853 meters above sea level.",
"title": "Samanjac"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Tibet (i/tᵻˈbɛt/; Wylie: Bod, pronounced [pʰø̀ʔ]; Chinese: 西藏; pinyin: Xīzàng) is a region on the Tibetan Plateau in Asia. It is the traditional homeland of the Tibetan people as well as some other ethnic groups such as Monpa, Qiang and Lhoba peoples and is now also inhabited by considerable numbers of Han Chinese and Hui people. Tibet is the highest region on Earth, with an average elevation of 4,900 metres (16,000 ft). The highest elevation in Tibet is Mount Everest, earth's highest mountain rising 8,848 m (29,029 ft) above sea level.",
"title": "Tibet"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Abul Kasim is a mountain in southeastern Ethiopia. Located in the Arsi Zone of the Oromia Region, this mountain has an elevation of above sea level. It is the highest point in Seru woreda.",
"title": "Abul Kasim (mountain)"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The most populous member state is Germany, with an estimated 82.8 million people, and the least populous member state is Malta with 0.4 million. Birth rates in the EU are low with the average woman having 1.6 children. The highest birth - rates are found in Ireland with 16.876 births per thousand people per year and France with 13.013 births per thousand people per year. Germany has the lowest birth rate in Europe with 8.221 births per thousand people per year.",
"title": "Demographics of the European Union"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Cigarette Rock is a summit in Lewis and Clark County, Montana, in the United States. With an elevation of , Cigarette Rock is the 799th highest summit in Montana.",
"title": "Cigarette Rock"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Tiphupa was an Indian Buddhist teacher from the 11th and 12th century who was considered to be the rebirth of Darma Dode, son and student of Tibetan lama Marpa Lotsawa. When young Darma Dode died in an accident his father with the special abilities of a realized lama, managed to prolong his son's life for a while. It was enough time for Marpa to teach him how to transfer his consciousness into a dead body – in this case the body of a dead pigeon. Following the detailed instructions of the teacher, the pigeon flew to India and died next to a sixteen-year-old boy who had recently lost his life. Transferring again his consciousness, this time to the young boy’s body, gave life to the Indian teacher Tiphupa (from Ti Phi – pigeon). When the boy returned home it was evident that Tiphupa was very different from who he had been before. He kept taking care of his aging parents as a normal son and they considered him as a guru. Tiphupa intensively practiced the methods taught by Marpa and others, and methods he received in India from Naropa’s students and other masters with the result that he reached realization as a mahasiddha. He became a famous teacher himself and gave numerous teachings to Milarepa’s student Rechungpa. Probably the most important of them for the future of the Kagyu lineage was the \"nine-fold cycle of the formless Dakinis\".",
"title": "Tiphupa"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Of the 20 highest major summits of the Caribbean, only Pico Duarte exceeds 3000 meters (9843 feet) elevation, six peaks exceed 2000 meters (6562 feet), and 15 peaks exceed 1000 meters (3281 feet) elevation.",
"title": "List of mountain peaks of the Caribbean"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Monte Solaro is a mountain on the island of Capri in Campania, Italy. With an elevation of 589 m, its peak is the highest point of Capri.",
"title": "Monte Solaro"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Alūksne () is a town on the shores of Lake Alūksne in northeastern Latvia near the borders with Estonia and Russia. It is the seat of Alūksne municipality. Alūksne is the highest elevated Latvian city, located in East Vidzeme Upland at 217 m above sea level. The high elevation of the city affects the social and physical arrangement of the place.",
"title": "Alūksne"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Vesulspitze is a mountain of the Samnaun Alps, located near Ischgl in Austria. With an elevation of 3,089 metres above sea level, it is the highest summit of the Samnaun Alps north of the Zeblasjoch.",
"title": "Vesulspitze"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Siguang Ri is a mountain in the Mahalangur Himalayas of Tibet, China. At an elevation of it is the 83rd highest peak on Earth. It is located approximately 6 kilometers NNE of Cho Oyu, the world's 6th highest mountain.",
"title": "Siguang Ri"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Stojkovačka planina (Serbian Cyrillic: Стојковачка планина) is a mountain in southwestern Serbia, above the town of Ivanjica. Its highest peak has an elevation of 1,360 meters above sea level.",
"title": "Stojkovačka planina"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Stewart Peak, elevation , is a summit in Colorado. The peak is the second highest thirteener (a peak between 13,000 and 13,999 feet in elevation) in the state. It is located in the La Garita Mountains, sub-range of the San Juan Mountains, in Saguache County, within the La Garita Wilderness. Stewart Peak is the 55th highest peak in Colorado by most standard definitions, just missing the list of Colorado fourteeners. At one time, the peak's elevation was measured to be over 14,000 ft and it was believed to be a fourteener, but more recent and accurate surveys have dropped it below that threshold.",
"title": "Stewart Peak (Colorado)"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Pasjača (Serbian Cyrillic: Пасјача) is a mountain in southern Serbia, near the town of Žitorađa. Its highest peak has an elevation of 971 meters above sea level.",
"title": "Pasjača (mountain)"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Dalhousie Mountain is a Canadian peak in the Cobequid Mountains and the highest elevation point in Pictou County, Nova Scotia.",
"title": "Dalhousie Mountain"
}
],
"question": "What is the highest elevation in the birthplace of Marpa Lotsawa?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Tibet",
"id": 664398,
"paragraph_support_idx": 10,
"question": "Marpa Lotsawa >> place of birth"
},
{
"answer": "Mount Everest",
"id": 26537,
"paragraph_support_idx": 6,
"question": "What is the highest elevation in #1 ?"
}
]
} |
2hop__493167_161223 | What is the highest point found in the country Bwaise is located? | 1,400 metres | [
"1,400 metres"
] | {
"answer": "1,400 metres",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__493167_161223",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "It is found in Cameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, DRC, Gabon, and Uganda. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. In Uganda however, it occurs at altitudes between 1,100 and 1,400 metres.",
"title": "Green-breasted pitta"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Thabana Ntlenyana, which literally means \"Beautiful little mountain\" in Sesotho, is the highest point in Lesotho and the highest mountain in southern Africa. It is situated on the Mohlesi ridge of the Drakensberg/Maloti Mountains, north of Sani Pass. It stands at high.",
"title": "Thabana Ntlenyana"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The country of Brazil occupies roughly half of South America, bordering the Atlantic Ocean. Brazil covers a total area of 8,514,215 km (3,287,357 sq mi) which includes 8,456,510 km (3,265,080 sq mi) of land and 55,455 km (21,411 sq mi) of water. The highest point in Brazil is Pico da Neblina at 2,994 m (9,823 ft). Brazil is bordered by the countries of Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela, and France (overseas department of France, French Guiana).",
"title": "Geography of Brazil"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Baraque Michel () is a locality in the municipality Jalhay, in the High Fens, eastern Belgium. Before the annexation of the Eastern Cantons by Belgium in 1919, it was the highest point of Belgium. Now it is the third highest point at , after the nearby Signal de Botrange () and the Weißer Stein ().",
"title": "Baraque Michel"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Which state or territory is ``highest ''and`` lowest'' is determined by the definition of ``high ''and`` low''. For instance, Alaska could be regarded as the highest state because Denali, at 20,310 feet (6,190.5 m), is the highest point in the United States. However, Colorado, with the highest mean elevation of any state as well as the highest low point, could also be considered a candidate for ``highest state ''. Determining which state is`` lowest'' is equally problematic. California contains the Badwater Basin in Death Valley, at 279 feet (85 m) below sea level, the lowest point in the United States; while Florida has the lowest high point, and Delaware has the lowest mean elevation. Florida is also the flattest state, with the smallest difference between its highest and lowest points.",
"title": "List of U.S. states and territories by elevation"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Lars Christensen Peak, also known as Lars Christensentoppen, is the highest point at on Peter I Island, off the coast of Antarctica.",
"title": "Lars Christensen Peak"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Iran consists of the Iranian Plateau with the exception of the coasts of the Caspian Sea and Khuzestan Province. It is one of the world's most mountainous countries, its landscape dominated by rugged mountain ranges that separate various basins or plateaux from one another. The populous western part is the most mountainous, with ranges such as the Caucasus, Zagros and Alborz Mountains; the last contains Iran's highest point, Mount Damavand at 5,610 m (18,406 ft), which is also the highest mountain on the Eurasian landmass west of the Hindu Kush.",
"title": "Iran"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Nassacher Höhe is a mountain of Bavaria, Germany. The highest point of the Hassberge. It is 512 m above NN.",
"title": "Nassacher Höhe"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Monniaz is a village in the municipality of Jussy in Switzerland. At 513 metres it is highest place in the canton of Geneva and also its easternmost village. The highest point of the canton (516 m) is located north of Monniaz, near Les Arales (French border). It is also the lowest of the cantons' high points.",
"title": "Monniaz"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Mount Teide (Spanish: Pico del Teide, pronounced (ˈpiko ðel ˈtei̯ðe), ``Teide Peak '') is a volcano on Tenerife in the Canary Islands, Spain. Its 3,718 - metre (12,198 ft) summit is the highest point in Spain and the highest point above sea level in the islands of the Atlantic.",
"title": "Teide"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "At 2,501.9 metres above sea level, Säntis is the highest mountain in the Alpstein massif of northeastern Switzerland. It is also the culminating point of the whole Appenzell Alps, between Lake Walen and Lake Constance. Shared by three cantons, the mountain is a highly visible landmark thanks to its exposed northerly position within the Alpstein massif. As a consequence, houses called \"Säntisblick\" (English: \"Säntis view\") can be found in regions as far away as the Black Forest in Germany. Säntis is among the most prominent summits in the Alps and the most prominent summit in Europe with an observation deck on the top. The panorama from the summit is spectacular. Six countries can be seen if the weather allows: Switzerland, Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein, France, and Italy.",
"title": "Säntis"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Chemin des Révoires is a pathway within Les Révoires district of the Principality of Monaco. It is the highest point in Monaco.",
"title": "Chemin des Révoires"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Monte Solaro is a mountain on the island of Capri in Campania, Italy. With an elevation of 589 m, its peak is the highest point of Capri.",
"title": "Monte Solaro"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Wilt Chamberlain holds the all - time records for total points scored (4,029) and points per game (50.4) in a season; both records were achieved in the 1961 -- 62 season. He also holds the rookie records for points per game when he averaged 37.6 points in the 1959 -- 60 season. Among active players, Kevin Durant has the highest point total (2,593) and the highest scoring average (32.0) in a season; both were achieved in the 2013 -- 14 season.",
"title": "List of National Basketball Association annual scoring leaders"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Cerro del Bolsón is a mountain in the Aconquija Range of Argentina, in Tucumán province. It is the highest point of a significant eastern spur of the main range of the Andes, east of the Puna de Atacama region. It lies about 200 kilometres east of Ojos del Salado, the highest point in the Puna de Atacama.",
"title": "Cerro del Bolsón"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "At 449,964 km2 (173,732 sq mi), Sweden is the 55th-largest country in the world, the 4th-largest country entirely in Europe, and the largest in Northern Europe. The lowest elevation in Sweden is in the bay of Lake Hammarsjön, near Kristianstad, at −2.41 m (−7.91 ft) below sea level. The highest point is Kebnekaise at 2,111 m (6,926 ft) above sea level.",
"title": "Sweden"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The highest point in the state is Clingmans Dome at 6,643 feet (2,025 m). Clingmans Dome, which lies on Tennessee's eastern border, is the highest point on the Appalachian Trail, and is the third highest peak in the United States east of the Mississippi River. The state line between Tennessee and North Carolina crosses the summit. The state's lowest point is the Mississippi River at the Mississippi state line (the lowest point in Memphis, nearby, is at 195 ft (59 m)). The geographical center of the state is located in Murfreesboro.",
"title": "Tennessee"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Bwaise is a neighborhood within Kampala, Uganda's capital, and largest city. Due to lack of proper urban planning, it has grown into a commercial, industrial and residential township with poor infrastructure. The lack of developed infrastructure and poor service provision has exposed the town dwellings and residents to several challenges including flooding and water borne diseases.",
"title": "Bwaise"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Korovin Volcano is the highest point on Atka Island in the Aleutian Islands chain Alaska, United States. Korovin is a side vent to the main Atka shield volcano. However, Korovin is the highest point on the island.",
"title": "Korovin Volcano"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Dalhousie Mountain is a Canadian peak in the Cobequid Mountains and the highest elevation point in Pictou County, Nova Scotia.",
"title": "Dalhousie Mountain"
}
],
"question": "What is the highest point found in the country Bwaise is located?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Uganda",
"id": 493167,
"paragraph_support_idx": 17,
"question": "Bwaise >> country"
},
{
"answer": "1,400 metres",
"id": 161223,
"paragraph_support_idx": 0,
"question": "What is the highest point which it can be found in #1 ?"
}
]
} |
2hop__145169_41141 | How many people, at most, died of plague in the city where Mais Gomar was born? | two-thirds of its population | [
"two-thirds of its population"
] | {
"answer": "two-thirds of its population",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__145169_41141",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Bonaparte began with an army of 13,000 men; 1,500 were reported missing, 1,200 died in combat, and thousands perished from disease—mostly bubonic plague. He failed to reduce the fortress of Acre, so he marched his army back to Egypt in May. To speed up the retreat, Bonaparte ordered plague-stricken men to be poisoned with opium; the number who died remains disputed, ranging from a low of 30 to a high of 580. He also brought out 1,000 wounded men. Back in Egypt on 25 July, Bonaparte defeated an Ottoman amphibious invasion at Abukir.",
"title": "Napoleon"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Together the two famines may have depopulated many regions of India, including, for example, 17 per cent of the villages in the Sirkali region of present-day Tamil Nadu, 60 per cent of the villages in the middle Doab of present-day Uttar Pradesh, and over 30 per cent of the villages in the regions around Delhi. It is thought that up to 11 million people may have died in the two famines.",
"title": "Chalisa famine"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Mamadou Zaré (19 May 1964 in Treichville – died 3 May 2007 in Abidjan) was one of Ivory Coasts' most successful and respected football managers.",
"title": "Mamadou Zaré"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Saint Catherine of Genoa (Caterina Fieschi Adorno, 1447 – 15 September 1510) was an Italian Roman Catholic saint and mystic, admired for her work among the sick and the poor and remembered because of various writings describing both these actions and her mystical experiences. She was a member of the noble Fieschi family, and spent most of her life and her means serving the sick, especially during the plague which ravaged Genoa in 1497 and 1501. She died in that city in 1510.",
"title": "Catherine of Genoa"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The plague disease, caused by Yersinia pestis, is enzootic (commonly present) in populations of fleas carried by ground rodents, including marmots, in various areas including Central Asia, Kurdistan, Western Asia, Northern India and Uganda. Nestorian graves dating to 1338–39 near Lake Issyk Kul in Kyrgyzstan have inscriptions referring to plague and are thought by many epidemiologists to mark the outbreak of the epidemic, from which it could easily have spread to China and India. In October 2010, medical geneticists suggested that all three of the great waves of the plague originated in China. In China, the 13th century Mongol conquest caused a decline in farming and trading. However, economic recovery had been observed at the beginning of the 14th century. In the 1330s a large number of natural disasters and plagues led to widespread famine, starting in 1331, with a deadly plague arriving soon after. Epidemics that may have included plague killed an estimated 25 million Chinese and other Asians during the 15 years before it reached Constantinople in 1347.",
"title": "Black Death"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The first European epidemic of the bubonic plague dates back to the mid 6th century and is called the Plague of Justinian. The largest plague epidemic was the Black Death in Europe in the 14th century. In medieval times, the large loss of people (due to the bubonic plague) in a town created an economic disaster. Community plague doctors were quite valuable and were given special privileges; for example, plague doctors were freely allowed to perform autopsies, which were otherwise generally forbidden in Medieval Europe, to research a cure for the plague.In some cases, plague doctors were so valuable that when Barcelona dispatched two to Tortosa in 1650, outlaws captured them en route and demanded a ransom. The city of Barcelona paid for their release. The city of Orvieto hired Matteo fu Angelo in 1348 for four times the normal rate of a doctor of 50-florin per year. Pope Clement VI hired several extra plague doctors during the Black Death plague. They were to attend to the sick people of Avignon. Of 18 doctors in Venice, only one was left by 1348: five had died of the plague, and 12 were missing and may have fled.",
"title": "Plague doctor"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Niels Juel Simonsen (born 16 May 1846 in Copenhagen, died 25 May 1906 also in Copenhagen ) was Danish baritone opera singer, who made his debut in 1874. He gave many performances of Edvard Grieg's songs, in particular \"Den Bergtekne\".",
"title": "Niels Juel Simonsen"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Sparta and its allies, with the exception of Corinth, were almost exclusively land based powers, able to summon large land armies that were very nearly unbeatable. Under the direction of Pericles, the Athenians pursued a policy of retreat within the city walls of Athens, relying on Athenian maritime supremacy for supply while the superior Athenian navy harassed Spartan troop movements. Unfortunately the strategy also resulted in adding many people from the countryside to an already well - populated city, introducing a severe crowding factor as well as resource shortages. Due to the close quarters and poor hygiene exhibited at that time Athens became a breeding ground for disease and many citizens died including Pericles, his wife, and his sons Paralus and Xanthippus. In the history of epidemics the 'Plague' of Athens is remarkable for its one - sided affliction and bias on the ultimate outcome of a war.",
"title": "Plague of Athens"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The dominant explanation for the Black Death is the plague theory, which attributes the outbreak to Yersinia pestis, also responsible for an epidemic that began in southern China in 1865, eventually spreading to India. The investigation of the pathogen that caused the 19th-century plague was begun by teams of scientists who visited Hong Kong in 1894, among whom was the French-Swiss bacteriologist Alexandre Yersin, after whom the pathogen was named Yersinia pestis. The mechanism by which Y. pestis was usually transmitted was established in 1898 by Paul-Louis Simond and was found to involve the bites of fleas whose midguts had become obstructed by replicating Y. pestis several days after feeding on an infected host. This blockage results in starvation and aggressive feeding behaviour by the fleas, which repeatedly attempt to clear their blockage by regurgitation, resulting in thousands of plague bacteria being flushed into the feeding site, infecting the host. The bubonic plague mechanism was also dependent on two populations of rodents: one resistant to the disease, which act as hosts, keeping the disease endemic, and a second that lack resistance. When the second population dies, the fleas move on to other hosts, including people, thus creating a human epidemic.",
"title": "Black Death"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In England, in the absence of census figures, historians propose a range of preincident population figures from as high as 7 million to as low as 4 million in 1300, and a postincident population figure as low as 2 million. By the end of 1350, the Black Death subsided, but it never really died out in England. Over the next few hundred years, further outbreaks occurred in 1361–62, 1369, 1379–83, 1389–93, and throughout the first half of the 15th century. An outbreak in 1471 took as much as 10–15% of the population, while the death rate of the plague of 1479–80 could have been as high as 20%. The most general outbreaks in Tudor and Stuart England seem to have begun in 1498, 1535, 1543, 1563, 1589, 1603, 1625, and 1636, and ended with the Great Plague of London in 1665.",
"title": "Black Death"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "A variety of alternatives to the Y. pestis have been put forward. Twigg suggested that the cause was a form of anthrax, and Norman Cantor (2001) thought it may have been a combination of anthrax and other pandemics. Scott and Duncan have argued that the pandemic was a form of infectious disease that characterise as hemorrhagic plague similar to Ebola. Archaeologist Barney Sloane has argued that there is insufficient evidence of the extinction of a large number of rats in the archaeological record of the medieval waterfront in London and that the plague spread too quickly to support the thesis that the Y. pestis was spread from fleas on rats; he argues that transmission must have been person to person. However, no single alternative solution has achieved widespread acceptance. Many scholars arguing for the Y. pestis as the major agent of the pandemic suggest that its extent and symptoms can be explained by a combination of bubonic plague with other diseases, including typhus, smallpox and respiratory infections. In addition to the bubonic infection, others point to additional septicemic (a type of \"blood poisoning\") and pneumonic (an airborne plague that attacks the lungs before the rest of the body) forms of the plague, which lengthen the duration of outbreaks throughout the seasons and help account for its high mortality rate and additional recorded symptoms. In 2014, scientists with Public Health England announced the results of an examination of 25 bodies exhumed from the Clerkenwell area of London, as well as of wills registered in London during the period, which supported the pneumonic hypothesis.",
"title": "Black Death"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Black Death ravaged much of the Islamic world. Plague was present in at least one location in the Islamic world virtually every year between 1500 and 1850. Plague repeatedly struck the cities of North Africa. Algiers lost 30 to 50 thousand inhabitants to it in 1620–21, and again in 1654–57, 1665, 1691, and 1740–42. Plague remained a major event in Ottoman society until the second quarter of the 19th century. Between 1701 and 1750, thirty-seven larger and smaller epidemics were recorded in Constantinople, and an additional thirty-one between 1751 and 1800. Baghdad has suffered severely from visitations of the plague, and sometimes two-thirds of its population has been wiped out.",
"title": "Black Death"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Following the earthquake, donations were made by people from all over mainland China, with booths set up in schools, at banks, and around gas stations. People also donated blood, resulting in according to Xinhua long line-ups in most major Chinese cities. Many donated through text messaging on mobile phones to accounts set up by China Unicom and China Mobile By May 16, the Chinese government had allocated a total of $772 million for earthquake relief so far, up sharply from $159 million from May 14.",
"title": "2008 Sichuan earthquake"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Mais Gomar Abd Jassim was born in Baghdad, Iraq. One of her most important serials is Al hkomat(The Governments) in 2007 which presented Al Sharqiya, and resulted in her fame in Iraq.",
"title": "Mais Gomar"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Alexandre Minkowski (5 December 1915 – 7 May 2004) was a French paediatrician, and arguably the French physician who most influenced neonatology in the 20th century. He was born and died in Paris.",
"title": "Alexandre Minkowski"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1466, perhaps 40,000 people died of the plague in Paris. During the 16th and 17th centuries, the plague was present in Paris around 30 per cent of the time. The Black Death ravaged Europe for three years before it continued on into Russia, where the disease was present somewhere in the country 25 times between 1350 to 1490. Plague epidemics ravaged London in 1563, 1593, 1603, 1625, 1636, and 1665, reducing its population by 10 to 30% during those years. Over 10% of Amsterdam's population died in 1623–25, and again in 1635–36, 1655, and 1664. Plague occurred in Venice 22 times between 1361 and 1528. The plague of 1576–77 killed 50,000 in Venice, almost a third of the population. Late outbreaks in central Europe included the Italian Plague of 1629–1631, which is associated with troop movements during the Thirty Years' War, and the Great Plague of Vienna in 1679. Over 60% of Norway's population died in 1348–50. The last plague outbreak ravaged Oslo in 1654.",
"title": "Black Death"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Classical immunology ties in with the fields of epidemiology and medicine. It studies the relationship between the body systems, pathogens, and immunity. The earliest written mention of immunity can be traced back to the plague of Athens in 430 BCE. Thucydides noted that people who had recovered from a previous bout of the disease could nurse the sick without contracting the illness a second time. Many other ancient societies have references to this phenomenon, but it was not until the 19th and 20th centuries before the concept developed into scientific theory.",
"title": "Immunology"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Kristian Krefting was born in Kristiania, the son of medical doctor Rudolf Krefting and the Swedish-born Märtha Bergitte Amelie Trozelli. On 19 May 1925 he married Dagny Boe in Paris. The couple had three children. He died in his home in The Boltons, London, in 1964. His urn was brought to Norway and interred at Tanum Church in Tanum, where many other members of the Krefting family are buried.",
"title": "Kristian Krefting"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Black Death was one of the most devastating pandemics in human history, resulting in the deaths of an estimated 75 to 200 million people in Eurasia and peaking in Europe from 1346 to 1353. The bacterium Yersinia pestis, resulting in several forms of plague, is believed to have been the cause. The plague created a series of religious, social, and economic upheavals, which had profound effects on the course of European history.",
"title": "Black Death"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The plague struck various countries in the Middle East during the pandemic, leading to serious depopulation and permanent change in both economic and social structures. As it spread to western Europe, the disease entered the region from southern Russia also. By autumn 1347, the plague reached Alexandria in Egypt, probably through the port's trade with Constantinople, and ports on the Black Sea. During 1347, the disease travelled eastward to Gaza, and north along the eastern coast to cities in Lebanon, Syria and Palestine, including Ashkelon, Acre, Jerusalem, Sidon, Damascus, Homs, and Aleppo. In 1348–49, the disease reached Antioch. The city's residents fled to the north, most of them dying during the journey, but the infection had been spread to the people of Asia Minor.[citation needed]",
"title": "Black Death"
}
],
"question": "How many people, at most, died of plague in the city where Mais Gomar was born?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Baghdad",
"id": 145169,
"paragraph_support_idx": 13,
"question": "Where was Mais Gomar born in?"
},
{
"answer": "two-thirds of its population",
"id": 41141,
"paragraph_support_idx": 11,
"question": "How many people, at most, have died of plague in #1 ?"
}
]
} |
2hop__792779_93852 | How many PGA tour wins does the 1997 Masters Tournament winner have? | 79 | [
"79"
] | {
"answer": "79",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__792779_93852",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Clifford Terry Kresge (born October 3, 1968) is an American professional golfer. He has played on the PGA Tour and Web.com Tour since 1997.",
"title": "Cliff Kresge"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Tiger Woods Woods in June 2018 Full name Eldrick Tont Woods Nickname Tiger (1975 - 12 - 30) December 30, 1975 (age 42) Cypress, California Height 6 ft 1 in (185 cm) Weight 185 lb (84 kg) Nationality United States Residence Jupiter Island, Florida Spouse Elin Nordegren (2004 -- 2010) Children Career College Stanford University (did not graduate) Turned professional Current tour (s) PGA Tour (joined 1996) Professional wins 107 Number of wins by tour PGA Tour 80 (2nd all time) European Tour 40 (3rd all time) Japan Golf Tour Asian Tour PGA Tour of Australasia Other 16 Best results in major championships (wins: 14) Masters Tournament Won: 1997, 2001, 2002, 2005 U.S. Open Won: 2000, 2002, 2008 The Open Championship Won: 2000, 2005, 2006 PGA Championship Won: 1999, 2000, 2006, 2007 Achievements and awards PGA Tour Rookie of the Year PGA Player of the Year 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2013 PGA Tour Player of the Year 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2013 PGA Tour leading money winner 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2013 Vardon Trophy 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2013 Byron Nelson Award 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009 FedEx Cup Champion 2007, 2009 (For a full list of awards, see here)",
"title": "Tiger Woods"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "By tradition, the winner of the previous year's Masters Tournament puts the jacket on the current winner at the end of the tournament. In 1966, Jack Nicklaus became the first player to win in consecutive years and he donned the jacket himself. When Nick Faldo (in 1990) and Tiger Woods (in 2002) repeated as champions, the chairman of Augusta National put the jacket on them.",
"title": "Masters Tournament"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Patrick Nathaniel Reed (born August 5, 1990) is an American professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour and the European Tour. He is notable for his victories in the 2018 Masters Tournament and the 2014 WGC-Cadillac Championship. He has represented the United States in Ryder Cup and Presidents Cup competitions. Because of his success in representing the United States in these team events, he has earned the nickname \"Captain America\".",
"title": "Patrick Reed"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The majors originally consisted of two British tournaments, The Open Championship and The Amateur Championship, and two American tournaments, the U.S. Open and the U.S. Amateur. With the introduction of the Masters Tournament in 1934, and the rise of professional golf in the late 1940s and 1950s, the term ``major championships ''eventually came to describe the Masters, the U.S. Open, the Open Championship, and the PGA Championship. It is difficult to determine when the definition changed to include the current four tournaments, although many trace it to Arnold Palmer's 1960 season. After winning the Masters and the U.S. Open to start the season, he remarked that if he could win the Open Championship and PGA Championship to finish the season, he would complete`` a grand slam of his own'' to rival Bobby Jones's 1930 feat. Until that time, many U.S. players such as Byron Nelson also considered the Western Open and the North and South Open as two of golf's ``majors, ''and the British PGA Matchplay Championship was as important to British and Commonwealth professionals as the PGA Championship was to Americans.",
"title": "Men's major golf championships"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Clark Sherwood Dennis (born February 14, 1966) is an American professional golfer. He played on the PGA Tour and Nationwide Tour from 1990 to 2000. He had one win on the Nationwide Tour and a best finish of tied for third place on the PGA Tour. He was tied for sixth in the 1994 U.S. Open. He qualified for the 2017 European Senior Tour where he had two tournament wins and won the John Jacobs Trophy as the leader of the Order of Merit.",
"title": "Clark Dennis"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Jack William Nicklaus (born January 21, 1940), nicknamed The Golden Bear, is an American retired professional golfer. In the opinion of many observers, he is the greatest golfer of all time. During a span of more than 25 years, he won a record 18 major championships, three ahead of Tiger Woods (15). Nicklaus focused on the major championships—Masters Tournament, U.S. Open, Open Championship and PGA Championship—and played a selective schedule of regular PGA Tour events. He has competed in more major championships (164) than any other player. He finished with 73 PGA Tour victories, third on the all-time list behind Sam Snead (82) and Tiger Woods (81).",
"title": "Jack Nicklaus"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Year Starts Cuts made Wins (Majors) 2nd 3rd Top 10 Top 25 Earnings ($) Money list rank Adjusted scoring average (rank) 8 8 0 5 7 790,594 24 69.44 1997 21 20 4 (1) 9 14 2,066,833 69.10 (2nd) 1998 20 19 * 13 17 1,841,117 69.21 (2nd) 1999 21 21 8 (1) 16 18 6,616,585 68.43 (1st) 2000 20 20 9 (3) 17 20 9,188,321 67.79 (1st) 2001 19 19 5 (1) 0 9 18 5,687,777 68.81 (1st) 2002 18 18 5 (2) 13 16 6,912,625 68.56 (1st) 2003 18 18 5 0 12 16 6,673,413 68.41 (1st) 19 19 14 18 5,365,472 69.04 (3rd) 2005 21 19 6 (2) 13 17 10,628,024 68.66 (1st) 2006 15 14 8 (2) 11 13 9,941,563 68.11 (1st) 2007 16 16 7 (1) 0 12 15 10,867,052 67.79 (1st) 2008 6 6 4 (1) 0 6 6 5,775,000 67.65 2009 17 16 6 0 14 16 10,508,163 68.05 (1st) 12 11 0 0 0 7 1,294,765 66 70.32 2011 9 7 0 0 0 660,238 128 70.46 2012 19 17 9 13 6,133,158 68.90 (2nd) 2013 16 16 5 0 8 10 8,553,439 68.98 (2nd) 2014 7 5 0 0 0 0 108,275 201 71.65 † 2015 11 6 0 0 0 448,598 162 71.93 † 2016 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n / a n / a 2017 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n / a 73.29 † Career * * 314 295 79 (14) 29 19 186 248 110,061,012",
"title": "List of career achievements by Tiger Woods"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The column for Major refers to so - called ``Professional Majors ''. The U.S. Amateur and the British Amateur were also considered to be majors for much of their history, but these championships are not considered here. Players under 50 years of age are shown in bold. During the last 30 years, only three players have won PGA Tour events after their 50th birthday. A golfer becomes eligible to compete on PGA Tour Champions, against other older players, at that age. Craig Stadler won in 2003 at age 50, Fred Funk won in 2007 at age 50, and Davis Love III won in 2015 at age 51. Sam Snead is the oldest to win a PGA event, at age 52, in 1965. Others who have won PGA Tour events past age 50 include Jim Barnes, John Barnum, and Art Wall, Jr. The rarity of golfers winning a non-senior event at that age is not restricted to the PGA Tour; Miguel Ángel Jiménez is the only golfer to win a European Tour event after turning 50, doing so in 2014.",
"title": "List of golfers with most PGA Tour wins"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Dustin Johnson Johnson at 2012 Open Championship Full name Dustin Hunter Johnson Nickname DJ (1984 - 06 - 22) June 22, 1984 (age 34) Columbia, South Carolina Height 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m) Weight 190 lb (86 kg; 14 st) Nationality United States Residence Palm Beach Gardens, Florida Spouse Paulina Gretzky Children Career College Coastal Carolina University Turned professional 2007 Current tour (s) PGA Tour Professional wins 20 Number of wins by tour PGA Tour 19 Other Best results in major championships (wins: 1) Masters Tournament T4: 2016 U.S. Open Won: 2016 The Open Championship T2: 2011 PGA Championship T5: 2010 Achievements and awards PGA Player of the Year 2016 PGA Tour Player of the Year 2016 PGA Tour leading money winner 2016 Vardon Trophy 2016 Byron Nelson Award 2016",
"title": "Dustin Johnson"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "As with the other majors, winning the Masters gives a golfer several privileges which make his career more secure. Masters champions are automatically invited to play in the other three majors (the U.S. Open, The Open Championship, and the PGA Championship) for the next five years (except for amateur winners, unless they turn pro within the five - year period), and earn a lifetime invitation to the Masters. They also receive membership on the PGA Tour for the following five seasons and invitations to The Players Championship for five years.",
"title": "Masters Tournament"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Danny Joe Pohl (born April 1, 1955) is an American professional golfer who has played on the PGA Tour and the Champions Tour. He won two PGA Tour tournaments (the 1986 Colonial and the 1986 World Series of Golf at Firestone Country Club) and tied Craig Stadler for first place in the 1982 Masters Tournament before losing in a playoff. Pohl competed for his country as a member of the 1987 Ryder Cup team at Muirfield Village Golf Club.",
"title": "Dan Pohl"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "James William Walker (born January 16, 1979) is an American professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour. After playing in 187 events without a win on the PGA Tour, Walker won three times in the first eight events of the 2014 season. He is a six-time winner on the PGA Tour, and in 2016 won his first major title at the PGA Championship.",
"title": "Jimmy Walker (golfer)"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Brian Hatfield Henninger (born October 19, 1962) is an American professional golfer who played on the PGA Tour and the Nationwide Tour. He has won two tournaments on the PGA Tour and three on the Nationwide Tour.",
"title": "Brian Henninger"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Masters Tournament Tournament information Location Augusta, Georgia, U.S. Established March 22, 1934; 84 years ago (1934 - 03 - 22) Course (s) Augusta National Golf Club Par 72 Length 7,435 yards (6,799 m) Organized by Augusta National Golf Club Tour (s) PGA Tour European Tour Japan Golf Tour Format Stroke play Prize fund $11.0 million Month played April Tournament record score Aggregate 270 Tiger Woods (1997) 270 Jordan Spieth (2015) To par − 18 as above Current champion Patrick Reed 2018 Masters Tournament",
"title": "Masters Tournament"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Masters was started by noted amateur champion Bobby Jones and investment banker Clifford Roberts. After his grand slam in 1930, Jones acquired the former plant nursery and co-designed Augusta National with course architect Alister MacKenzie. First played 84 years ago in 1934, the tournament is an official money event on the PGA Tour, the European Tour, and the Japan Golf Tour. The field of players is smaller than those of the other major championships because it is an invitational event, held by the Augusta National Golf Club.",
"title": "Masters Tournament"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Gunn Yang (; born 30 September 1993) is a South Korean professional golfer. In 2014, he won the U.S. Amateur, defeating Corey Conners, 2&1, in the final round of the championship at Atlanta Athletic Club. He became the second South Korean to claim the U.S. Amateur title. He made his PGA Tour debut at the Farmers Insurance Open in February 2015 and also competed in Arnold Palmer Invitational, RBC Heritage, and The Masters. Yang made his first cut on the PGA Tour at the Crowne Plaza Invitational, where he was T-15th after 2nd round, but finished as T-65th. He competed in his first major championship in 2015, competing in the Masters Tournament and was cut after the second round.",
"title": "Gunn Yang"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Louis Krebs Graham (born January 7, 1938) is an American professional golfer who won six PGA Tour tournaments including the 1975 U.S. Open. Most of his wins were in the 1970s.",
"title": "Lou Graham"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Jack Nicklaus holds the record for the most Masters victories, winning the tournament six times during his career. Nicklaus is also the oldest winner of the Masters: he was 46 years 82 days old when he won in 1986. Nicklaus, Nick Faldo, and Tiger Woods co-hold the record for most consecutive victories with two. Woods was the youngest winner of the Masters, 21 years 104 days old when he won in 1997. Woods also set the record for the widest winning margin (12 strokes), and the lowest winning score, with 270, 18 below par (- 18) in 1997. The latter was equaled by Jordan Spieth in 2015.",
"title": "List of Masters Tournament champions"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Tiger Woods won his first major championship, twelve strokes ahead of runner-up Tom Kite. Through 2019, the margin of victory and four-day score of 270 (−18) are tournament records. Woods also became both the youngest (21) and the first non-white player to win at",
"title": "1997 Masters Tournament"
}
],
"question": "How many PGA tour wins does the 1997 Masters Tournament winner have?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Tiger Woods",
"id": 792779,
"paragraph_support_idx": 19,
"question": "1997 Masters Tournament >> winner"
},
{
"answer": "79",
"id": 93852,
"paragraph_support_idx": 7,
"question": "how many wins does #1 have on the pga tour"
}
]
} |
3hop1__33286_22372_22389 | What was the unemployment rate in the country where the institution meant to bring stability was located? | 3.2% | [
"3.2%"
] | {
"answer": "3.2%",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "3hop1__33286_22372_22389",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "As of 2010[update], Bern had an unemployment rate of 3.3%. As of 2008[update], there were 259 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 59 businesses involved in this sector. 16,413 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 950 businesses in this sector. 135,973 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 7,654 businesses in this sector.",
"title": "Bern"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The economy has been growing quickly in recent years. In both 2010 and 2011, the metro area's gross domestic product (GDP) led 27 other metropolitan areas in the country, according to the Conference Board of Canada, recording growth of 6.6 per cent and 5.8 per cent respectively. At $52,000 the city's per capita GDP is the second highest out of all major Canadian cities. Economic forecasts suggest that the city will continue its strong economic growth in the coming years not only in the \"oceanic\" industries mentioned above, but also in tourism and new home construction as the population continues to grow. In May 2011, the city's unemployment rate fell to 5.6 per cent, the second lowest unemployment rate for a major city in Canada.",
"title": "St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "A large number of international institutions have their seats in Switzerland, in part because of its policy of neutrality. Geneva is the birthplace of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and the Geneva Conventions and, since 2006, hosts the United Nations Human Rights Council. Even though Switzerland is one of the most recent countries to have joined the United Nations, the Palace of Nations in Geneva is the second biggest centre for the United Nations after New York, and Switzerland was a founding member and home to the League of Nations.",
"title": "Switzerland"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Around 3.8 million people work in Switzerland; about 25% of employees belonged to a trade union in 2004. Switzerland has a more flexible job market than neighbouring countries and the unemployment rate is very low. The unemployment rate increased from a low of 1.7% in June 2000 to a peak of 4.4% in December 2009. The unemployment rate is 3.2% in 2014. Population growth from net immigration is quite high, at 0.52% of population in 2004. The foreign citizen population was 21.8% in 2004, about the same as in Australia. GDP per hour worked is the world's 16th highest, at 49.46 international dollars in 2012.",
"title": "Switzerland"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Mr. Godwin Emefiele, the former Zenith Bank Plc Chief Executive assumed the mantle as the 11th CBN chief as well as its 10th indigenous governor. Emefiele, who replaced Mallam Sanusi Lamido Sanusi, whose tenure elapsed on June 1 brings to the job over 20 years of banking experience. He has held several strategic positions in his 18 years in the banking industry. Before becoming the Managing Director of Zenith Bank Plc, he had worked in corporate banking, treasury and financial controls. Before that, he was a lecturer in Finance and Insurance at the University of Port Harcourt, as well as his alma mater, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, where he obtained both BSc and MBA degrees in Finance. He is also an alumnus of Executive Education at Stanford University, Harvard University and Wharton Graduate Schools of Business. Emefiele in his maiden press briefing two days after his resumption of office gave a presentation titled ``ENTRENCHING MACROECONOMIC STABILITY AND ENGENDERING ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA ''. He acknowledged the excellent work that the Bank had done to achieve financial system stability, low inflation, exchange rate stability, an efficient payment system, and a consistent monetary policy in the last couple of years. He maintained that the vision of the Central Bank of Nigeria is to create a people - centered Central Bank by`` delivering price and financial system stability and promoting sustainable economic development''.",
"title": "Central Bank of Nigeria"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "According to the Namibia Labour Force Survey Report 2012, conducted by the Namibia Statistics Agency, the country's unemployment rate is 27.4%. \"Strict unemployment\" (people actively seeking a full-time job) stood at 20.2% in 2000, 21.9% in 2004 and spiraled to 29.4% in 2008. Under a broader definition (including people that have given up searching for employment) unemployment rose to 36.7% in 2004. This estimate considers people in the informal economy as employed. Labour and Social Welfare Minister Immanuel Ngatjizeko praised the 2008 study as \"by far superior in scope and quality to any that has been available previously\", but its methodology has also received criticism.",
"title": "Namibia"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Social Enterprise Association, also known as \"SE Association\", is a platform to bring together social entrepreneurs, social enterprises, academic institutions, and businesses in Singapore. The goal of the SE Association is to strengthen the culture of social entrepreneurship and social enterprises so as to bring about positive social impact within Singapore.",
"title": "Social Enterprise Association"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Bring It! is an American dance reality television series that debuted March 5, 2014, on Lifetime. On April 28, 2014, Lifetime announced an additional 10 - episode renewal of Bring It!. Additional episodes returned on July 23, 2014. The second season premiered on January 23, 2015. New episodes aired on July 31, 2015. The third season premiered on January 1, 2016. On December 1, 2016, Lifetime renewed the show for a fourth season, which premiered on January 13, 2017.",
"title": "Bring It! (TV series)"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Cybotech Campus is an educational Institute, located in Patna, Bihar, India. It is affiliated College of the Magadh University, Bodh Gaya, Learning centre for Sikkim Manipal University-DE, Gangtok, Learning centre for SHIATS (AAI-DU), Allahabad and A+ Rated Accredited Centre of NIELIT (DOEACC), Ministry of DIT, GOI, New Delhi.",
"title": "Cybotech Campus"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The National Institutes of Technology (NITs) are autonomous public institutes of higher education, located in India. They are governed by the National Institutes of Technology Act, 2007, which declared them as institutions of national importance alongside Indian Institutes of Technology. These institutes of national importance receive special recognition from the Government of India. The NIT Council is the supreme governing body of India's National Institutes of Technology (NIT) system and all 31 NITs are funded by the Government of India. These institutes are among the top ranked engineering colleges in India and have one of the lowest acceptance rates for engineering institutes, of around 2 to 3 percent, second only to the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) in India. All NITs are autonomous which enables them to set up their own curriculum. The language of instruction is English at all these institutes.",
"title": "National Institutes of Technology"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Graduate First () is a 1978 French drama film directed by Maurice Pialat and starring Sabine Haudepin. The film is set in the north of France, in Lens, in a region profoundly affected by unemployment - the students, from modest backgrounds, try to forget their fears of what tomorrow will bring.",
"title": "Graduate First"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Gwenfritz is a painted steel abstract stabile, by Alexander Calder. It is located at the National Museum of American History, at 14th Street, and Constitution Avenue, in Washington, D.C.",
"title": "Gwenfritz"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Laurence D. Wohlers (born 1955) is Deputy Special Representative (Political) for the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic (MINUSCA), appointed by United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon on 25 April 2014.",
"title": "Laurence D. Wohlers"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In the United States, the industry in 2014 has around $960 billion in annual revenue according to statistics tracked by the Census Bureau, of which $680 billion is private (split evenly between residential and nonresidential) and the remainder is government. As of 2005, there were about 667,000 firms employing 1 million contractors (200,000 general contractors, 38,000 heavy, and 432,000 specialty); the average contractor employed fewer than 10 employees. As a whole, the industry employed an estimated 5.8 million as of April 2013, with a 13.2% unemployment rate. In the United States, approximately 828,000 women were employed in the construction industry as of 2011.",
"title": "Construction"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Tyler Jacks is a Professor of Biology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), an HHMI investigator, and director of the David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, which brings together biologists and engineers to improve detection, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer.",
"title": "Tyler Jacks"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The interwar period was also marked by a radical change in the international order, away from the balance of power that had dominated pre–World War I Europe. One main institution that was meant to bring stability was the League of Nations, which was created after the First World War with the intention of maintaining world security and peace and encouraging economic growth between member countries. The League was undermined by the bellicosity of Nazi Germany, Imperial Japan, the Soviet Union, and Mussolini's Italy, and by the non-participation of the United States, leading many to question its effectiveness and legitimacy.",
"title": "Modern history"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The video for ``Musique Non-Stop ''is notable in itself for showcasing a computer animated representation of the band. Created in 1983, it sat dormant for three years before finally being incorporated as the video for the song. The animation, which was complex for its time, was created by Rebecca Allen, using state - of - the - art facial animation software developed by the Institute of Technology in New York. The slow rate of the album's progress, combined with rapid changes in software animation, meant that Allen had to archive the animation program developed at the Institute of Technology until Hütter and Schneider were ready in 1986, to travel to New York to edit the images to the final version of`` Musique Non-Stop''.",
"title": "Musique Non-Stop"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "On the afternoon of Friday, August 13, 1971, these officials along with twelve other high - ranking White House and Treasury advisors met secretly with Nixon at Camp David. There was great debate about what Nixon should do, but ultimately Nixon, relying heavily on the advice of the self - confident Connally, decided to break up Bretton Woods by suspending the convertibility of the dollar into gold; freezing wages and prices for 90 days to combat potential inflationary effects; and impose an import surcharge of 10 percent, to prevent a run on the dollar, stabilize the US economy, and decrease US unemployment and inflation rates, on August 15, 1971:",
"title": "Nixon shock"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The economy of Malmö was traditionally based on shipbuilding (Kockums) and construction related industries, such as concrete factories. The region's leading university, along with its associated hi-tech and pharmaceutical industries, is located in Lund about 16 kilometres (10 miles) to the north-east. As a result, Malmö had a troubled economic situation following the mid-1970s. Between 1990–1995, 27,000 jobs were lost, and the budget deficit was more than one billion Swedish krona (SEK). In 1995, Malmö had Sweden's highest unemployment rate.However, during the last two decades there has been a revival. One contributing factor has been the economic integration with Denmark brought about by the Øresund Bridge, which opened in July 2000. Also the university founded in 1998 and the effects of integration into the European Union have contributed. In 2017 the unemployment rate is still high but Malmö has the last 20 years had one of the strongest employment growth rates in Sweden. But a lot of those jobs are taken by workers outside of the side in the neighboring municipalities.As of 2016, the largest companies were:",
"title": "Malmö"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) is a United States federal-government research institute whose mission is to \"lead the Nation in bringing the power of science to bear on drug abuse and addiction.\"",
"title": "National Institute on Drug Abuse"
}
],
"question": "What was the unemployment rate in the country where the institution meant to bring stability was located?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "the League of Nations",
"id": 33286,
"paragraph_support_idx": 15,
"question": "What institution was meant to bring stability?"
},
{
"answer": "Switzerland",
"id": 22372,
"paragraph_support_idx": 2,
"question": "Where is #1 located?"
},
{
"answer": "3.2%",
"id": 22389,
"paragraph_support_idx": 3,
"question": "What was the unemployment rate in #2 in 2014?"
}
]
} |
2hop__419783_86840 | Who founded the institution that Domenico Crivelli is employed by? | Edward Fisher | [
"Edward Fisher"
] | {
"answer": "Edward Fisher",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__419783_86840",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Robichaud v Canada (Treasury Board), [1987] 2 S.C.R. 84 is a leading case decided by the Supreme Court of Canada on sexual harassment under the Canadian Human Rights Act. The Court found that a corporation can be found liable for the discriminatory conduct of its employees who are acting \"in the course of their employment.\" It also found it necessary to impose liability, as the employer is the only one that is in the position to remedy the discriminatory conduct.",
"title": "Robichaud v Canada (Treasury Board)"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Domenico Robusti, also known as Domenico Tintoretto, (1560 – 17 May 1635) was an Italian painter from Venice. He grew up under the tutelage of his father, the renowned painter Jacopo Tintoretto.",
"title": "Domenico Tintoretto"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Domenico Giambonini (11 November 1868 – 8 August 1956) was a Swiss sport shooter who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics.",
"title": "Domenico Giambonini"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Gardenia () is a 1979 Italian \"poliziottesco\" film directed by Domenico Paolella. It represents the first leading role for the singer-songwriter Franco Califano.",
"title": "Gardenia (film)"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Domenico Flabanico (died 1043) was the 29th Doge of Venice. His reign lasted from the abdication of Pietro Barbolano in 1032 until his death.",
"title": "Domenico Flabanico"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The statue of an \"Angel\" (1494–1495) was created by Michelangelo out of marble. Its height is 51.5 cm. It is situated in the Basilica of San Domenico, Bologna.",
"title": "Angel (Michelangelo)"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Pietro Domenico Paradies (also Pietro Domenico Paradisi) (170725 August 1791), was an Italian composer, harpsichordist and harpsichord teacher, most prominently known for a composition popularly entitled \"\"Toccata in A\"\", which is, in other sources, the second movement of his Sonata No. 6.",
"title": "Pietro Domenico Paradies"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "The Royal Conservatory of Music, branded as The Royal Conservatory, is a music education business and performance venue headquartered in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It was founded in 1886 by Edward Fisher as The Toronto Conservatory of Music. In 1947, King George VI incorporated the organization through royal charter.",
"title": "The Royal Conservatory of Music"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Tommaso de Aleni (early 16th century) (also called Il Fadino), was an Italian painter of the Renaissance period, active in his native Cremona. He was a pupil of Galeazzo Campi. He was also influenced by the works of Perugino. He painted for the church of San Domenico at Cremona, where he was employed with Campi. A \"Nativity\" (1515) formerly in the church of San Domenico, was moved to the town-hall of Cremona.",
"title": "Tommaso de Aleni"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Peter and Paul Fortress is the original citadel of St. Petersburg, Russia, founded by Peter the Great in 1703 and built to Domenico Trezzini's designs from 1706 to 1740 as a star fortress. In the early 1920s, it was still used as a prison and execution ground by the Bolshevik government.",
"title": "Peter and Paul Fortress"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Domenico Millelire, pseudonym of Domenico Leoni, (La Maddalena, 1761 – La Maddalena, 14 August 1827) was an Italian patriot, and officer of \"Regia Marina Sarda\" (Sardinian Royal Navy). He is recognised to have gained the first Gold Medal of Military Valor in the Italian history. Millelire gave the first defeat to Napoleon Bonaparte.",
"title": "Domenico Millelire"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "San Stae, an abbreviation for Saint Eustachius, was founded at the beginning of the 11th century and reconstructed in the 17th century, and has a main facade (1709) on the Grand Canal of Venice, constructed by Domenico Rossi, and richly decorated with statuary by Giuseppe Torretto, Antonio Tarsia, Pietro Baratta, and Antonio Corradini.",
"title": "San Stae"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Domenico Tarcisio Cortese (February 7, 1931 – November 11, 2011) was the Roman Catholic bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Mileto-Nicotera-Tropea, Italy.",
"title": "Domenico Tarcisio Cortese"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "In 1912, Frank Borzage found employment as an actor in Hollywood; he continued to work as an actor until 1917. His directorial debut came in 1915 with the film, \"The Pitch o' Chance\".",
"title": "Frank Borzage"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Domenico became principal professor of singing at the Royal Academy of Music at its foundation in 1823 and continued there until his death, having taught most of the English opera singers of that period. He died on December 31, 1856 at his home, 71, Upper Norton Street, Portland Place, London. He wrote a method of singing, \"\"L'Arte del Canto\"\" or \"\"The Art of Singing\"\" (1841).",
"title": "Domenico Crivelli"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Domenico Carafa della Spina di Traetto (12 July 1805 – 17 June 1879) was a Catholic Cardinal, Archbishop of Benevento and Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals.",
"title": "Domenico Carafa della Spina di Traetto"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Domenico Maria Belzoppi was Captain Regent of San Marino in 1849 (April–October). He served with Pier Matteo Berti. During his term, Giuseppe Garibaldi came to San Marino after fleeing from Rome. He found safety here. Garubaldi actually met with Belzoppi. Because San Marino offered Garibaldi safety in 1849, it was able to remain independent during Italian unification.",
"title": "Domenico Maria Belzoppi"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Domenico Serafini was born in Rome, of ancient nobility, to Luigi Serafini and Costanza Di Pietro. His maternal grandfather, Giovanni Di Pietro, was a consistorial lawyer who, after becoming a widower, was ordained and named auditor of the Roman Rota by Pope Gregory XVI. Through his father, Domenico was related to Marchese Camillo Serafini, who served as the first and only Governor of the Vatican State (1929–1952).",
"title": "Domenico Serafini"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Dolce & Gabbana S.R.L. Type Società a responsabilità limitata Industry Retail Founded 1985; 32 years ago (1985) Milan Founder Domenico Dolce and Stefano Gabbana Headquarters Milan, Italy Area served Worldwide Key people Alfonso Dolce, CEO Cristiana Ruella, COO Products Clothing, footwear, handbags, sunglasses, watches, jewellery, perfumery and cosmetics. Number of employees 3,150 Parent Dolce & Gabbana Luxembourg S. à. r.l. Website dolcegabbana.it",
"title": "Dolce & Gabbana"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Domenico Corvi (1721–1803) was an Italian painter at the close of the 18th century, active in an early Neoclassic style in Rome and surrounding sites.",
"title": "Domenico Corvi"
}
],
"question": "Who founded the institution that Domenico Crivelli is employed by?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Royal Academy of Music",
"id": 419783,
"paragraph_support_idx": 14,
"question": "Domenico Crivelli >> employer"
},
{
"answer": "Edward Fisher",
"id": 86840,
"paragraph_support_idx": 7,
"question": "who founded #1 answers.com"
}
]
} |
2hop__770643_31296 | Which Confederate general failed to capture the Union fort at the city where William Samuel Verplanck Junior died? | James Longstreet | [
"James Longstreet"
] | {
"answer": "James Longstreet",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__770643_31296",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Benjamin Franklin Gordon (May 18, 1826 – September 22, 1866) was a Confederate States Army colonel during the American Civil War (Civil War). Gordon had been a private and bugler for a Missouri regiment serving in the U.S. Army during the Mexican–American War. Gordon served in the Confederate Army under Brigadier General Joseph O. \"Jo\" Shelby in Missouri and Arkansas in the Confederate Trans-Mississippi Department throughout the war. On May 16, 1865, with the war coming to an end, General E. Kirby Smith, as the Confederate commander of the Trans-Mississippi Department, assigned Gordon to duty as a brigadier general. The Confederate government took no action on the appointment and Confederate President Jefferson Davis did not officially appoint and nominate Gordon to the rank of brigadier general because the Confederate Senate last met on March 18, 1865, and Davis was captured by Union troops on May 10, 1865. Although he was only aged 40 at his death, Gordon survived the war by little more than a year.",
"title": "Benjamin Franklin Gordon"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Louisa Hawkins Canby (December 25, 1818 – 1889) was nicknamed the \"Angel of Santa Fe\" in 1862 for her compassion toward sick, wounded, and freezing Confederate soldiers at Santa Fe, New Mexico. Mrs. Canby was the wife of Union Brig. Gen. Edward Richard Sprigg Canby whose order to destroy or hide not only weapons and ammunition but all food, equipment, and blankets prior to any retreat was largely responsible for the Confederates' misery. Taking pity on her husband's enemies, Mrs. Canby not only organized other officers' wives to nurse the sick and wounded among the occupying Confederate forces, but also showed Col. William Read Scurry where fleeing Union forces had hidden blankets and food. Mrs. Canby, said one rebel, \"captured more hearts of Confederate soldier [sic] than the old general ever captured Confederate bodies.\"",
"title": "Louisa Hawkins Canby"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "William E. Hart (1843 – October 21, 1874) was a Union Army soldier during the American Civil War. He received the Medal of Honor for gallantry during the Valley Campaigns of 1864 & 1865. Hart was instrumental in the capture of Confederate cavalry raider Colonel Harry Gilmor on February 4, 1865.",
"title": "William E. Hart"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "William Martin (born 1839, date of death unknown) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Forts Jackson and St. Philip.",
"title": "William Martin (sailor)"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Confédération générale du travail unitaire, or CGTU (United General Confederation of Labor) was a trade union confederation in France that at first included anarcho-syndicalists and soon became aligned with the French Communist Party. It was founded in 1922 as a confederation of radical unions that had left the socialist-dominated General Confederation of Labour (CGT), and in 1936 merged back into the CGT.",
"title": "Confédération générale du travail unitaire"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The two armies suffered between 46,000 and 51,000 casualties. Union casualties were 23,055 (3,155 killed, 14,531 wounded, 5,369 captured or missing), while Confederate casualties are more difficult to estimate. Many authors have referred to as many as 28,000 Confederate casualties, and Busey and Martin's more recent 2005 work, Regimental Strengths and Losses at Gettysburg, documents 23,231 (4,708 killed, 12,693 wounded, 5,830 captured or missing). Nearly a third of Lee's general officers were killed, wounded, or captured. The casualties for both sides during the entire campaign were 57,225.",
"title": "Battle of Gettysburg"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "American Civil War Clockwise from top: Battle of Gettysburg, Union Captain John Tidball's artillery, Confederate prisoners, ironclad USS Atlanta, ruins of Richmond, Virginia, Battle of Franklin Date April 12, 1861 -- May 9, 1865 (4 years, 3 weeks and 6 days) Location Southern United States, Northeastern United States, Western United States, Atlantic Ocean Result Union victory: Dissolution of the Confederate States U.S. territorial integrity preserved Slavery abolished Beginning of the Reconstruction Era Belligerents United States Confederate States Commanders and leaders Abraham Lincoln Ulysses S. Grant William T. Sherman David Farragut George B. McClellan Henry Halleck George Meade and others... Jefferson Davis Robert E. Lee J.E. Johnston G.T. Beauregard A.S. Johnston † Braxton Bragg and others... Strength 2,200,000: Union Army Union Marines Union Navy Revenue Service 698,000 (peak) 750,000 -- 1,000,000: Confederate Army Confederate Marines Confederate Navy 360,000 (peak) Casualties and losses 110,000 + killed in action / died of wounds 230,000 + accident / disease deaths 25,000 -- 30,000 died in Confederate prisons 365,000 + total dead 282,000 + wounded 181,193 captured Total: 828,000 + casualties 94,000 + killed in action / died of wounds 26,000 -- 31,000 died in Union prisons 290,000 + total dead 137,000 + wounded 436,658 captured Total: 864,000 + casualties 50,000 free civilians dead 80,000 + slaves dead Total: 785,000 -- 1,000,000 + dead",
"title": "American Civil War"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "USS \"Sea Bird\" (1863) was a captured Confederate schooner acquired by the Union Navy from the prize court during the American Civil War.",
"title": "USS Sea Bird (1863)"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "President Abraham Lincoln visited General Grant at Petersburg on April 3, and took a launch to Richmond the next day, while Jefferson Davis attempted to organize his Confederate government at Danville. Lincoln met Confederate assistant secretary of War John A. Campbell, and handed him a note inviting Virginia's legislature to end their rebellion. After Campbell spun the note to Confederate legislators as a possible end to the Emancipation Proclamation, Lincoln rescinded his offer and ordered General Weitzel to prevent the Confederate state legislature from meeting. Union forces killed, wounded or captured 8000 Confederate troops at Saylor's Creek southwest of Petersburg on April 6. General Lee continued to reject General Grant's surrender suggestion until Sheridan's infantry and cavalry appeared in front of his retreating army on April 8. He surrendered his remaining approximately 10000 troops at Appomattox Court House the following morning. Jefferson Davis retreated to North Carolina, then further south. when Lincoln rejected the surrender terms negotiated by general Sherman and envoys of North Carolina governor Zebulon Vance, which failed to mention slavery. Davis was captured on May 10 near Irwinville, Georgia and taken back to Virginia, where he was charged with treason and imprisoned for two years at Fort Monroe until freed on bail.",
"title": "Richmond, Virginia"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "William Babcock Hazen (September 27, 1830 – January 16, 1887) was a career United States Army officer who served in the Indian Wars, as a Union general in the American Civil War, and as Chief Signal Officer of the U.S. Army. His most famous service was defending \"Hell's Half Acre\" at the Battle of Stones River in 1862, and seizing Fort McAllister, Georgia, in December 1864, which allowed William Sherman to capture Savannah at the end of his March to the Sea.",
"title": "William Babcock Hazen"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "USS \"Rosalie\" (1863) was a captured Confederate sloop acquired by the Union Navy from the prize court during the American Civil War.",
"title": "USS Rosalie (1863)"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Lola Sánchez (1844 – 1895) was one of three sisters who became spies for the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. Sánchez became upset when their father was falsely accused of being a Confederate spy by the members of the Union Army and imprisoned. Officers of the Union Army then occupied the Sánchez residence in Palatka, Florida. On one occasion Sánchez overheard various officers’ planning a raid and decided to alert the Confederates forces. She informed Captain John Jackson Dickison, commander of the local Confederates forces, of the plan. The result of her actions was that the Confederate forces surprised the Union troops in an ambush and captured the USS Columbine, a Union warship, on the day of the supposed raid in the \"Battle of Horse Landing\". This was one of the few instances in which a Union warship was captured by land-based Confederate forces during the Civil War.",
"title": "Lola Sánchez (Confederate spy)"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "William Samuel Verplanck Junior (January 16, 1916 in Plainfield, New Jersey – September 30, 2002 in Knoxville, Tennessee) was an American psychologist. He conducted a series of significant experiments in the fields of ethology, experimental psychology, and especially in the field of radical behaviorism.",
"title": "William Samuel Verplanck Junior"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Confederates held East Tennessee despite the strength of Unionist sentiment there, with the exception of extremely pro-Confederate Sullivan County. The Confederates, led by General James Longstreet, did attack General Burnside's Fort Sanders at Knoxville and lost. It was a big blow to East Tennessee Confederate momentum, but Longstreet won the Battle of Bean's Station a few weeks later. The Confederates besieged Chattanooga during the Chattanooga Campaign in early fall 1863, but were driven off by Grant in November. Many of the Confederate defeats can be attributed to the poor strategic vision of General Braxton Bragg, who led the Army of Tennessee from Perryville, Kentucky to another Confederate defeat at Chattanooga.",
"title": "Tennessee"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Cecil Clay (February 13, 1842 – September 23, 1903) was captain of Company K in the 58th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry Regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He performed gallantly while wounded, earning the Medal of Honor for his actions during the assault and capture of Fort Harrison, Virginia in the Confederate defenses of Richmond, Virginia on September 29, 1864. He was later chief clerk of the United States Department of Justice.",
"title": "Cecil Clay"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "USS \"Bermuda\" (1861) was a large steamer captured by the Union Navy during the American Civil War. She was used by the Union Navy as a cargo and general transport ship in support of the Union Navy blockade of Confederate waterways, primarily in Florida and the Gulf of Mexico. However, despite being a valuable cargo ship, she proved very adept at capturing blockade runners as her record proves.",
"title": "USS Bermuda"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The government of the United States (the Union) rejected the claims of secession and considered the Confederacy illegally founded. The War began with the Confederate attack upon Fort Sumter on April 12, 1861, a Union fort in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina. No foreign government officially recognized the Confederacy as an independent country, although Great Britain and France granted it belligerent status, which allowed Confederate agents to contract with private concerns for arms and other supplies. In early 1865, after four years of heavy fighting which led to 620,000–850,000 military deaths, all the Confederate forces surrendered and the Confederacy vanished. The war lacked a formal end; nearly all Confederate forces had been forced into surrender or deliberately disbanded by the end of 1865, by which point the dwindling manpower and resources of the Confederacy were facing overwhelming odds. By 1865 Jefferson Davis, the President of the Confederate States of America for the duration of the civil war, lamented that the Confederacy had \"disappeared\".",
"title": "Confederate States of America"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The First Battle of Fort Sumter began on April 12, 1861, when Confederate artillery fired on the Union garrison. These were the first shots of the war and continued all day, watched by many civilians in a celebratory spirit. The fort had been cut off from its supply line and surrendered the next day. The Second Battle of Fort Sumter (September 8, 1863) was a failed attempt by the Union to retake the fort, dogged by a rivalry between army and navy commanders. Although the fort was reduced to rubble, it remained in Confederate hands until it was evacuated as General Sherman marched through South Carolina in February 1865.",
"title": "Fort Sumter"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Aníbal Samuel Matellán (born 8 May 1977 in General Villegas) is a former Argentine football defender. He last played for Argentinos Juniors.",
"title": "Aníbal Matellán"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Commonwealth of Virginia was a prominent part of the Confederate States during the American Civil War. As a slave - holding state, it held a state convention to deal with the secession crisis, and voted against secession on 4 April 1861. Opinion shifted after 15 April, when U.S. President Abraham Lincoln called for troops from all states still in the Union to put down the rebellion, following the capture of Fort Sumter, and the Virginia convention voted to declare secession from the Union. (In the Western counties, where there was little slavery, pro-Union sentiment remained strong, and they presently seceded from Virginia as a separate Union state, West Virginia.)",
"title": "Virginia in the American Civil War"
}
],
"question": "Which Confederate general failed to capture the Union fort at the city where William Samuel Verplanck Junior died?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Knoxville",
"id": 770643,
"paragraph_support_idx": 12,
"question": "William Samuel Verplanck Junior >> place of death"
},
{
"answer": "James Longstreet",
"id": 31296,
"paragraph_support_idx": 13,
"question": "Which Confederate general failed to capture the Union fort at #1 ?"
}
]
} |
2hop__150266_15815 | What's the date when the publisher of Pokémon Channel announce the new systems? | October 18, 1985 | [
"October 18, 1985"
] | {
"answer": "October 18, 1985",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__150266_15815",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "At June 1985's Consumer Electronics Show (CES), Nintendo unveiled the American version of its Famicom. This is the system which would eventually be officially deployed as the Nintendo Entertainment System, or the colloquial \"NES\". Nintendo seeded these first systems to limited American test markets starting in New York City on October 18, 1985, following up with a full-fledged North American release of the console in February of the following year. Nintendo released 17 launch titles: 10-Yard Fight, Baseball, Clu Clu Land, Duck Hunt, Excitebike, Golf, Gyromite, Hogan’s Alley, Ice Climber, Kung Fu, Pinball, Soccer, Stack-Up, Tennis, Wild Gunman, Wrecking Crew, and Super Mario Bros.h[›] Some varieties of these launch games contained Famicom chips with an adapter inside the cartridge so they would play on North American consoles, which is why the title screen of Gyromite has the Famicom title \"Robot Gyro\" and the title screen of Stack-Up has the Famicom title \"Robot Block\".",
"title": "Nintendo Entertainment System"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Pokémon Origins, known in Japan as , is a Japanese anime television miniseries based on Nintendo's \"Pokémon\" franchise. Unlike the ongoing television series, this special features the settings and characters from the original video games \"Pokémon Red\" and \"Blue\", and is largely more faithful to the games' mechanics and designs. Like the television series, it was not owned by Media Factory (brand company of Kadokawa Corporation). Animation is handled by Production I.G, Xebec, and OLM, Inc., and the film is split into four parts, each directed by a different director from these studios. It was broadcast on TV Tokyo on October 2, 2013, ten days before the release of the \"X\" and \"Y\" video games, and began streaming internationally on Nintendo's Pokémon TV service from November 15, 2013 to December 2, 2013. On September 14, 2016, the first episode of the series was released for free on the official Pokémon YouTube channel.",
"title": "Pokémon Origins"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Like Pokémon Red and Blue, Yellow takes place in the region of Kanto, which features habitats for 151 Pokémon species. The objectives remain the same as well, though some differences exist along the way. For example, in the beginning, the player is not given an option of choosing one of three starter Pokémon. Instead, a wild Pikachu that Professor Oak catches becomes the player's starter Pokémon, while the rival character takes an Eevee. The plot is loosely based on the Indigo League saga of the anime, and features characters that were not featured in the game or have been enhanced to resemble their designs used in the anime, including Jessie, James, Meowth, Nurse Joy and Officer Jenny. Similar to the anime, Pikachu refuses to evolve. Players are also given the opportunity to obtain the original three starters. As players quest on, they gradually progress catching Pokémon for the Pokédex which you use to defeat the eight Gym Leaders and eventually the Elite Four, all the while battling Team Rocket, a gang devoted to using Pokémon in order to make themselves more powerful. By the time of the encounter with the Elite Four the player has had the opportunity to capture 149 types of Pokémon; in the after game (after the Elite Four is defeated) a player may enter Cerulean Cave, where Mewtwo, the final Pokémon in regular gameplay, can be found, battled and captured. The last Pokémon in the Pokédex, Mew, can not be captured during ordinary gameplay, though exploiting bugs in the game makes this possible.",
"title": "Pokémon Yellow"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Publishers from different factions of the Latter Day Saint movement have published different chapter and verse notation systems. The two most significant are the LDS system, introduced in 1879, and the RLDS system, which is based on the original 1830 chapter divisions.",
"title": "Book of Mormon"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Pokémon Diamond Version and Pearl Version (ポケットモンスターダイヤモンド・パール, Poketto Monsutā Daiyamondo & Pāru, ``Pocket Monsters: Diamond & Pearl '') are role - playing games (RPGs) developed by Game Freak, published by The Pokémon Company and distributed by Nintendo for the Nintendo DS. With the enhanced remake Pokémon Platinum, the games comprise the fifth installment and fourth generation of the Pokémon series of RPGs. First released in Japan on September 28, 2006, the games were later released to North America, Australia, and Europe over the course of 2007.",
"title": "Pokémon Diamond and Pearl"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Pokémon Puzzle League is a puzzle game for the Nintendo 64 console. It is based on Nintendo's \"Puzzle League\" puzzle games, with Pokémon likenesses. It was released in North America starting in 2000, and in Europe. It is one of several \"Pokémon\" games to be based on the \"Pokémon\" anime, and features Ash Ketchum and other characters featured from the anime. The game was released on the Virtual Console on May 5, 2008, in the North America region, and on May 30, 2008, in the European region.",
"title": "Pokémon Puzzle League"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Pokémon Channel, released in Japan as , is a 2003 video game in the \"Pokémon\" series for the GameCube, developed by Ambrella, published by The Pokémon Company and distributed by Nintendo. The player's goal is to help Professor Oak refine and promote his TV network through watching broadcasts with a Pikachu. The game contains elements of the adventure, digital pet, and simulation genres. The player can explore full 3D environments, have Pikachu converse with other Pokémon, and collect various items.",
"title": "Pokémon Channel"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Pokémon Trading Card Game (ポケモンカードゲーム, Pokemon Kādo Gēmu, ``Pokémon Card Game ''), abbreviated to PTCG or Pokémon TCG, is a collectible card game, based on the Pokémon video game series, first published in October 1996 by Media Factory in Japan. In the US, it was initially published by Wizards of the Coast; The Pokémon Company eventually took over publishing the card game in June 2003. The game has sold 23.6 billion cards worldwide.",
"title": "Pokémon Trading Card Game"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "At Comic - Con 2016, John Hanke, founder of Niantic, revealed the appearances of the three team leaders: Candela (Team Valor), Blanche (Team Mystic), and Spark (Team Instinct). Hanke conveyed that approximately 10% of the ideas for the game were implemented. Future updates, including the addition of trading, more Pokémon, implementation of Pokémon Centers at PokéStops, a patch for the ``three step glitch '', and easier training, were also confirmed. He also stated that Niantic would be continuing support for the game for`` years to come''. In an interview with TechCrunch in September 2016, Hanke hinted that player vs. player Pokémon battles would be released in a future update. In December 2016, coffeehouse chain Starbucks and telecommunications company Sprint collaborated with Nintendo to add PokéStops and gyms at certain locations of theirs throughout the United States. That same month, a companion app for Apple Watch devices was released, which allows users to receive notifications about nearby Pokémon, but does not allow for them to be caught. In January 2017, an additional 5,000 more Starbucks locations became available as gyms. In February 2017, an update was released which introduced over 100 species based in the Johto region from the second generation of the core Pokémon series, which were added alongside the original 151. The update also included the addition of new berries, new Pokémon encounter mechanics, and an expanded selection of avatar clothing options. Some of the Pokémon introduced in Ruby and Sapphire were added in late 2017, starting with a Halloween event in October and 50 more in December. A weather system was added alongside the latter, allowing real - world weather to affect gameplay.",
"title": "Pokémon Go"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Pokémon Genres Adventure Augmented reality Fighting Puzzle Role - playing Strategy Developer (s) Ambrella Bandai Namco Entertainment Chunsoft Creatures Inc. Game Freak Genius Sonority HAL Laboratory Hudson Soft Intelligent Systems Niantic Labs Nintendo Tecmo Koei Publisher (s) Nintendo Creator (s) Satoshi Tajiri Platforms Android Arcade Game Boy Game Boy Advance Game Boy Color GameCube iOS Nintendo 3DS Nintendo 64 Nintendo DS Nintendo Switch Wii Wii U Platform of origin Game Boy Year of inception First release Pokémon Red and Blue February 27, 1996 Latest release Pokémon Ultra Sun and Ultra Moon November 17, 2017",
"title": "Pokémon (video game series)"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Due to the large number of Pokémon, listing of each species is divided into articles by generation. All 807 Pokémon are organized by their number in the National Pokédex -- an in - game electronic encyclopedia that provides various information on Pokémon. The National Pokédex is subdivided into regional Pokédex series, each revolving around species introduced at the time of their respective generations along with older generations. For example, the Johto Pokédex, Generation II, covers the 100 species introduced in Gold and Silver in addition to the original 151 species. The encyclopedias follow a general ordering: starter Pokémon are listed first, followed by species obtainable early in the respective games, and are concluded with Legendary and Mythical Pokémon. Generation V is a notable exception, as Victini is the first Pokémon in the Unova Pokedex and is also uniquely numbered as number 0.",
"title": "List of Pokémon"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "A Morning (formerly New Day, Breakfast at The New RO in the case of Ottawa, and A-Channel Morning) is a morning television show that formerly aired on Canada's CHRO-TV in Ottawa and the other stations in the A system (except for A Atlantic).",
"title": "A Morning"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Pokémon Conquest, known in Japan as , is a tactical role-playing video game developed by Tecmo Koei, published by The Pokémon Company and distributed by Nintendo for the Nintendo DS. The game is a crossover between the \"Pokémon\" and \"Nobunaga's Ambition\" video game series. The game was released in Japan on March 17, 2012, in North America on June 18, 2012, and in Europe on July 27, 2012.",
"title": "Pokémon Conquest"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The New York City Subway is a rapid transit system owned by the City of New York and leased to the New York City Transit Authority, a subsidiary agency of the state - run Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA). Opened in 1904, the New York City Subway is one of the world's oldest public transit systems, one of the world's most used metro systems, and the metro system with the most stations. It offers service 24 hours per day on every day of the year, though some routes may operate only part - time.",
"title": "New York City Subway"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Samsung Galaxy Alpha is an Android smartphone produced by Samsung Electronics. Unveiled on 13 August 2014, the device was released in September 2014. A high - end device, the Galaxy Alpha is Samsung's first smartphone to incorporate a metallic frame, although the remainder of its physical appearance still resembles previous models such as the Galaxy S5. It also incorporates Samsung's new Exynos 5430 system - on - chip, which is the first mobile system - on - chip to use a 20 nanometer manufacturing process.",
"title": "Samsung Galaxy Alpha"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Within a year, Wizards had sold millions of copies of the Pokémon game, and the company released a new set that included an instructional CD - ROM. Wizards continued to publish the game until 2003. One of Nintendo's affiliates, Pokémon USA, had begun producing a new edition for the game before the last of its agreements with Wizards expired September 30, and Wizards filed suit against Nintendo the following day, October 1, 2003. The two companies resolved their differences in December 2003 without going to court.",
"title": "Wizards of the Coast"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Pokémon: The Movie 2000 has two parts: the feature presentation and a 20 - minute preceding short. The film is set during the Orange Islands saga, where Ash, Misty and Tracey enter Shamouti Island. While there, they discover the three legendary bird Pokémon, Moltres, Zapdos and Articuno. Meanwhile, a collector named Lawrence III attempts to steal the three Pokémon to awaken Lugia, which proves dangerous for the legendary Pokémon, Lugia, and Ash himself.",
"title": "Pokémon: The Movie 2000"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "A News (originally known as A-Channel News) is the name of local newscasts on the A television system in Canada. \"A News\" programming was produced in markets which were not directly served by a local CTV News service.",
"title": "A News (TV series)"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Pokémon Sun and Pokémon Moon (ポケットモンスターサン・ムーン, Poketto Monsutā San ・ Mūn) are role - playing video games developed by Game Freak and published by The Pokémon Company. They are the first installments in the seventh generation of Pokémon games. First announced in February 2016 through a special Nintendo Direct, both Sun and Moon were released worldwide in November 2016, commemorating the franchise's 20th anniversary. Two follow - up games, Pokémon Ultra Sun and Pokémon Ultra Moon, were released for the 3DS in November 2017 as the franchise's final main handheld titles.",
"title": "Pokémon Sun and Moon"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Pokémon franchise started off in its first generation with its initial release of Pocket Monsters Aka and Midori (``Red ''and`` Green'', respectively) for the Game Boy in Japan on February 27, 1996. When these games proved popular, an enhanced Ao (``Blue '') version was released sometime after, and the Ao version was reprogrammed as Pokémon Red and Blue for international release. The games released in the United States on September 30, 1998. The original Aka and Midori versions were not released outside Japan. Afterwards, a further enhanced version titled Pokémon Yellow: Special Pikachu Edition was released to partially take advantage of the color palette of the Game Boy Color, as well as to feature more elements from the Pokémon anime. This first generation of games introduced the original 151 species of Pokémon, in National Pokédex order, encompassing all Pokémon from Bulbasaur to Mew. It also introduced the basic game concepts of capturing, training, battling, and trading Pokémon with both computer and human players. These versions of the games take place within the fictional Kanto region, inspired by the real world Kantō region of Japan, though the name`` Kanto'' was not used until the second generation.",
"title": "Pokémon"
}
],
"question": "What's the date when the publisher of Pokémon Channel announce the new systems?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Nintendo",
"id": 150266,
"paragraph_support_idx": 6,
"question": "Who published Pokémon Channel?"
},
{
"answer": "October 18, 1985",
"id": 15815,
"paragraph_support_idx": 0,
"question": "What day did #1 unveil the new systems?"
}
]
} |
2hop__362102_92217 | What is the name of the airport where Mekong Auto has its headquarters? | Tân Sơn Nhất International Airport | [
"Tân Sơn Nhất International Airport",
"SGN",
"Tan Son Nhat International Airport"
] | {
"answer": "Tân Sơn Nhất International Airport",
"answer_aliases": [
"SGN",
"Tan Son Nhat International Airport"
],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__362102_92217",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Carlos Prates Airport is one of the airports serving Belo Horizonte, Brazil. It is named after the neighborhood where it is located and this, in turn, was named after an Engineer that planned parts of Belo Horizonte.",
"title": "Carlos Prates Airport"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Calgary/Springbank Airport or Springbank Airport, is an airport located in Springbank, Alberta, a large western suburb of Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The airport is located within rural Rocky View County.",
"title": "Calgary/Springbank Airport"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Murtala Muhammed International Airport (MMIA) (IATA: LOS, ICAO: DNMM) is an international airport located in Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria, and is the major airport serving the entire state. The airport was initially built during World War II and is named after Murtala Muhammed, the 4th military ruler of Nigeria.",
"title": "Murtala Muhammed International Airport"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "General Justo José de Urquiza Airport () is located on the southeast side of Paraná, a city in the Entre Ríos Province of Argentina. The airport covers an area of and is operated by Aeropuertos Argentina 2000. The airport is named for Justo José de Urquiza, president of the Argentine Confederation from 1854 to 1860.",
"title": "General Justo José de Urquiza Airport"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Lufthansa's registered office and corporate headquarters are in Cologne. The main operations base, called Lufthansa Aviation Center, is at Lufthansa's primary hub at Frankfurt Airport, and its secondary hub is at Munich Airport where a secondary \"Flight Operations Centre\" is maintained.",
"title": "Lufthansa"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Tân Sơn Nhất International Airport (IATA: SGN, ICAO: VVTS) (Vietnamese: Sân bay quốc tế Tân Sơn Nhất, Vietnamese: Cảng hàng không quốc tế Tân Sơn Nhất) is the busiest airport in Vietnam with 32.5 million passengers in 2016, serving Ho Chi Minh City as well as the rest of southeastern Vietnam. As of January 2017, it had a total capacity of only 25 million passengers, which has caused constant congestion and sparked debate for expanding or building a new airport. The airport's IATA code, SGN, is derived from the city's former name of Saigon.",
"title": "Tan Son Nhat International Airport"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Spirit of St. Louis Airport is a public airport located 17 miles (27 km) west of the central business district of St. Louis, in St. Louis County, Missouri, United States. It is owned by St. Louis County and named after the famous \"Spirit of St. Louis\" aircraft.",
"title": "Spirit of St. Louis Airport"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Servicios Aéreos Profesionales, S.A. or SAP Group is an airline with its corporate headquarters on the property of La Isabela International Airport (Dr. Joaquín Balaguer International Airport) in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. It operates services in the Caribbean area.",
"title": "Servicios Aéreos Profesionales"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Bukomansimbi District is a district in Central Uganda. The district is named after its main municipal center, Bukomansimbi, the location of the district headquarters.",
"title": "Bukomansimbi District"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Shariatpur Sadar () is an upazila of Shariatpur District in the Division of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Shariatpur Thana was converted into an upazila in 1984. The upazila takes its name from the district and the Bengali word \"sadar\" (headquarters). It is the subdistrict where the district headquarters, Shariatpur town, is located.",
"title": "Shariatpur Sadar Upazila"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Gambia Bird Airlines Limited was the flag carrier airline of Gambia headquartered in Kanifing with its home base at Banjul International Airport. It suspended operations in .",
"title": "Gambia Bird"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Sultan Iskandar Muda International Airport (Indonesian: \"Bandar Udara Internasional Sultan Iskandar Muda\", Acehnese: \"Bandar Udara Antar Nanggroë Sultan Iskandar Muda\"), also called Banda Aceh International Airport (Indonesian: \"Bandar Udara Internasional Banda Aceh\") is the airport located 13,5 kilometres southeast of the capital of Aceh province, Banda Aceh. It is named after the twelfth sultan of Aceh, Iskandar Muda. This airport was formerly called Blangbintang Airport (Indonesian: Bandara Blangbintang), referred to its location in a subdistrict with same name. This airport is listed as the 23rd busiest airport in Indonesia.",
"title": "Sultan Iskandar Muda International Airport"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Rabah Bitat Airport , formerly known as Les Salines Airport, and popularly as El Mellah Airport is an international airport located south of Annaba, a city in Algeria. It is named after Rabah Bitat, a president of Algeria (1978-1979).",
"title": "Rabah Bitat Airport"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Kemper Direct Auto and Home Insurance is a direct to consumer auto insurance writer headquartered in Chicago, Illinois. It is a subsidiary of Kemper Corporation, which has over $8 billion in assets and more than six million policyholders.",
"title": "Kemper Direct"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Gabon Airlines is the name of two incarnations of Gabonese airline, headquartered in Libreville. The first incarnation of Gabon Airlines which was operated from 2007 to 2012, concentrating on African and European flight services out of Libreville International Airport. In April 2015, the second incarnation of Gabon Airlines is due to redeveloped as a flag carrier, replacing the original Air Gabon.",
"title": "Gabon Airlines"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Ikar Airlines LLC, operating as Pegas Fly, is a Russian airline headquartered in Krasnoyarsk and based at Yemelyanovo International Airport but operates most flights from Zhukovsky International Airport.",
"title": "Pegas Fly"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Belo Horizonte - Tancredo Neves/Confins International Airport , formerly called Confins International Airport is the primary international airport serving Belo Horizonte. Since 2 September 1986 the airport is named after Tancredo de Almeida Neves (1910–1985), President-elect of Brazil. It is located in the municipality of Confins, in the Minas Gerais. It is operated by BH Airport S.A.",
"title": "Tancredo Neves International Airport"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Lake Billy Chinook Airport, also known as Lake Billy Chinook State Airport, is a public use airport located six nautical miles (7 mi, 11 km) west of the central business district of Culver, a city in Jefferson County, Oregon, United States. The airport is privately owned, despite the name which might give the impression that it was owned by the state.",
"title": "Lake Billy Chinook Airport"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Air Alsie is a Danish charter airline headquartered in Sønderborg and based at Sønderborg Airport, which operates business jet services.",
"title": "Air Alsie"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Mekong Auto Corporation headquartered in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, is a car manufacturer and assembler founded in 1991. The first car was built at the Delta Auto Plant on May 20, 1992. Japanese Saeilo Machinery Japan Inc. is the major shareholder of the company, owning 51%. The company opened Co Loa Auto Plant in Ha Noi City in 1993. The company works with Fiat S.p.A. (Fiat cars and Iveco trucks), Pyeonghwa Motors and SsangYong.",
"title": "Mekong Auto"
}
],
"question": "What is the name of the airport where Mekong Auto has its headquarters?",
"question_decomposition": [
{
"answer": "Ho Chi Minh City",
"id": 362102,
"paragraph_support_idx": 19,
"question": "Mekong Auto >> headquarters location"
},
{
"answer": "Tân Sơn Nhất International Airport",
"id": 92217,
"paragraph_support_idx": 5,
"question": "what is the name of the airport in #1"
}
]
} |
2hop__752850_728372 | Who is the cast member of Good Morning at the birthplace of Kashif Ibrahim? | Amna Ilyas | [
"Amna Ilyas"
] | {
"answer": "Amna Ilyas",
"answer_aliases": [],
"answerable": true,
"id": "2hop__752850_728372",
"paragraphs": [
{
"idx": 0,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Tolga Kashif (Tolga Kaşif) (born 1962) is a British born musical conductor, composer, orchestrator, producer and arranger of Turkish Cypriot descent.",
"title": "Tolga Kashif"
},
{
"idx": 1,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Mrs. Frances Gray Patton (March 19, 1906 – March 28, 2000) was an American short story writer and novelist. She is best known for her 1954 novel \"Good Morning Miss Dove.\"",
"title": "Frances Gray Patton"
},
{
"idx": 2,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "It is the story of a young girl, Rafina, (Amna Ilyas) who chases her dream to become a renowned model.",
"title": "Good Morning Karachi"
},
{
"idx": 3,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Robin René Roberts (born November 23, 1960) is an American television broadcaster. Roberts is the anchor of ABC's \"Good Morning America\".",
"title": "Robin Roberts (newscaster)"
},
{
"idx": 4,
"is_supporting": true,
"paragraph_text": "Ibrahim also mde his debut in List A cricket for Karachi Blues in the 1996/97 season against Bahawalpur. Ibrahim represented the 3 Karachi teams in List A cricket 11 times from the 1996/97 to 1998/99 season. In addition, he also represented Pakistan National Shipping Corporation in 4 matches during the 1999/00 season. His final List-A match in Pakistan came for the Corporation against Pakistan International Airlines in September 1999. During the 2000 English cricket season, Iqbal played a 2 List A matches for the Sussex Cricket Board in the 2000 NatWest Trophy against Herefordshire. and Berkshire, which marked his final List A match. In his total of 17 List A matches, he scored 226 runs at an average of 45.20, with a 2 half centuries and a high score of 63. With the ball he took 22 wickets at an average of 28.45, with a best figures of 3/28.",
"title": "Kashif Ibrahim"
},
{
"idx": 5,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The most populous member state is Germany, with an estimated 82.8 million people, and the least populous member state is Malta with 0.4 million. Birth rates in the EU are low with the average woman having 1.6 children. The highest birth - rates are found in Ireland with 16.876 births per thousand people per year and France with 13.013 births per thousand people per year. Germany has the lowest birth rate in Europe with 8.221 births per thousand people per year.",
"title": "Demographics of the European Union"
},
{
"idx": 6,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Moralı Ibrahim Pasha (\"Ibrahim Pasha of Morea\"; died April or May 1725), also known as Aşçı Ibrahim Pasha (\"the Cook\") or Hacı Ibrahim Pasha or Ibrahim Pasha al-Kapudan, was an Ottoman statesman and grand admiral (Kapudan Pasha, 1707–09, 1717–18).",
"title": "Moralı Ibrahim Pasha"
},
{
"idx": 7,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Each member of the voting panel casts a vote for first to fifth place selections. Each first - place vote is worth 10 points; each second - place vote is worth seven; each third - place vote is worth five, fourth - place is worth three and fifth - place is worth one. Starting from 2010, one ballot was cast by fans through online voting. The player with the highest point total wins the award. As of June 2018, the current holder of the award is James Harden of the Houston Rockets.",
"title": "NBA Most Valuable Player Award"
},
{
"idx": 8,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Matthew Buchanan is a fictional character on the American soap opera \"One Life to Live\". Born onscreen in 1999, the character was rapidly aged in 2001 with the casting of Eddie Alderson, re-establishing his birth year as 1994 (which is also Alderson's birth year). Alderson stayed with the series until the ABC Daytime finale in 2012. Upon resuming as a web series via The Online Network, Robert Gorrie was cast in the role and debuted April 29, 2013, ultimately revising his birth year to 1992.",
"title": "Matthew Buchanan"
},
{
"idx": 9,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Good Morning, Miami is a sitcom which ran from 2002 to 2004 on NBC. Created by David Kohan and Max Mutchnick, the show focused on the personal and professional life of Jake, the executive producer of the lowest-rated morning show in the country, based in Miami.",
"title": "Good Morning, Miami"
},
{
"idx": 10,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Good Governance Day (Hindi: सुशासन दिवस,; IAST: Suśāsan Divas) is observed in India annually on the twenty - fifth day of December, the birth anniversary of former - Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee. Good Governance Day was established in 2014 to honor Prime Minister Vajpayee by fostering awareness among the Indian people of accountability in government.",
"title": "Good Governance Day"
},
{
"idx": 11,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Sabaidee Luang Prabang (, English title: \"Good Morning, Luang Prabang\") is a 2008 romantic drama film directed by Sakchai Deenan and starring Ananda Everingham. It was the first commercial film shot in Laos since the country adopted communism in 1975.",
"title": "Sabaidee Luang Prabang"
},
{
"idx": 12,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Dzień Dobry Wakacje (Eng. Good Morning Holidays) is a Polish morning show, spin-off of \"Dzień Dobry TVN\". It is broadcast in July and August at weekends from 8:30 to 11:00. The first show aired on 3 July 2010 on TVN. \"Dzień Dobry Wakacje\" is presented by \"Dzień Dobry TVN\" presenters and various guest presenters.",
"title": "Dzień Dobry Wakacje"
},
{
"idx": 13,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "``You Give Good Love ''is a song by American recording artist Whitney Houston, released as the first single from her self - titled debut album on February 22, 1985 by Arista Records. The song was written by La La and produced by Kashif. When La La sent Kashif a copy of the song, originally offered to Roberta Flack, he thought it would be a better fit for Houston and told Arista he would be interested in recording with Houston. The song garnered mostly positive reviews from critics, but brought Houston a bit of notoriety when it turned up among several songs cited by advice columnist Ann Landers as having suggestive titles.",
"title": "You Give Good Love"
},
{
"idx": 14,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "\"Goeiemorgen, morgen\" (\"Good morning, morning\") was the Belgian entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1971, performed in Dutch by Jacques Raymond and Lily Castel.",
"title": "Goeiemorgen, morgen"
},
{
"idx": 15,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Qur'an relates detailed narrative accounts of Maryam (Mary) in two places, Qur'an 3:35–47 and 19:16–34. These state beliefs in both the Immaculate Conception of Mary and the Virgin birth of Jesus. The account given in Sura 19 is nearly identical with that in the Gospel according to Luke, and both of these (Luke, Sura 19) begin with an account of the visitation of an angel upon Zakariya (Zecharias) and Good News of the birth of Yahya (John), followed by the account of the annunciation. It mentions how Mary was informed by an angel that she would become the mother of Jesus through the actions of God alone.",
"title": "Mary, mother of Jesus"
},
{
"idx": 16,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Delaware Valley's local news station, FOX 29 (WTXF), shows Good Day Philadelphia on weekday mornings. Clayton Morris originally co-hosted the show with Sheinelle Jones in the time when FOX 29 began their evening newscasts. He was no longer present after The Morning Show with Mike & Juliet was cancelled and replaced with another hour of Good Day Philadelphia. He was replaced with Mike Jerrick.",
"title": "Clayton Morris"
},
{
"idx": 17,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Pargalı Ibrahim Pasha was a friend of Suleiman from before his accession. Ibrahim was originally a Christian from Parga (in Epirus), who was captured in a raid during the 1499–1503 Ottoman-Venetian War, and was given as a slave to Suleiman most likely in 1514. Suleiman made him the royal falconer, then promoted him to first officer of the Royal Bedchamber. Ibrahim Pasha rose to Grand Vizier in 1523 and commander-in-chief of all the armies. Suleiman also conferred upon Ibrahim Pasha the honor of beylerbey of Rumelia (first-ranking military governor-general), granting Ibrahim authority over all Ottoman territories in Europe, as well as command of troops residing within them in times of war. According to a 17th-century chronicler, Ibrahim had asked Suleiman not to promote him to such high positions, fearing for his safety; to which Suleiman replied that under his reign, no matter what the circumstance, Ibrahim would never be put to death.Yet Ibrahim eventually fell from grace with the Sultan. During his thirteen years as Grand Vizier, his rapid rise to power and vast accumulation of wealth had made Ibrahim many enemies at the Sultan's court. Reports had reached the Sultan of Ibrahim's impudence during a campaign against the Persian Safavid empire: in particular his adoption of the title serasker sultan (سرعسكر سلطان) was seen as a grave affront to Suleiman.Suleiman's suspicion of Ibrahim was worsened by a quarrel between the latter and the finance secretary (defterdar) Iskender Çelebi. The dispute ended in the disgrace of Çelebi on charges of intrigue, with Ibrahim convincing Suleiman to sentence the defterdar to death. Before his death however, Çelebi's last words were to accuse Ibrahim of conspiracy against the Sultan. These dying words convinced Suleiman of Ibrahim's disloyalty, and on 15 March 1536 Ibrahim was executed.",
"title": "Suleiman the Magnificent"
},
{
"idx": 18,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "The Hadim Ibrahim Pasha Mosque was designed by Ottoman imperial architect Mimar Sinan for the vizier Hadim (Eunuch) Ibrahim Pasha. The building was completed in 1551.",
"title": "Hadim Ibrahim Pasha Mosque"
},
{
"idx": 19,
"is_supporting": false,
"paragraph_text": "Soibahadine Ibrahim Ramadani (; born 5 March 1949) is a French and Mahoran politician and formerly a member of the Senate of France, representing the island of Mayotte. He is a member of The Republicans and before that, its predecessor the Union for a Popular Movement. Since 2 April 2015 he is the President of the Departmental Council of Mayotte, the deliberative assembly for the Overseas Department and Region of Mayotte.",
"title": "Soibahadine Ibrahim Ramadani"
}
],
"question": "Who is the cast member of Good Morning at the birthplace of Kashif Ibrahim?",
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{
"answer": "Karachi",
"id": 752850,
"paragraph_support_idx": 4,
"question": "Kashif Ibrahim >> place of birth"
},
{
"answer": "Amna Ilyas",
"id": 728372,
"paragraph_support_idx": 2,
"question": "Good Morning #1 >> cast member"
}
]
} |
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