Error of writing with different schema, due to nonpreservation of nullability
Hi ! Thanks for reporting, indeed `disable_nullable` doesn't seem to be supported in this case. Maybe at one point we can have `disable_nullable` as a parameter of certain feature types
## 1. Case
```
dataset.map(
  batched=True,
  disable_nullable=True,
)
```
will get the following error at here https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/c9967f55626931f8059dc416526c791444cdfdf7/src/datasets/arrow_writer.py#L516

`pyarrow.lib.ArrowInvalid: Tried to write record batch with different schema`

## 2. Debugging
### 2.1 tracing
During `_map_single`, the following are called
https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/c9967f55626931f8059dc416526c791444cdfdf7/src/datasets/arrow_dataset.py#L2523
https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/c9967f55626931f8059dc416526c791444cdfdf7/src/datasets/arrow_writer.py#L511
### 2.2. Observation
The problem is, even after `table_cast`, `pa_table.schema != self._schema`
`pa_table.schema` (before/after `table_cast`)
```
input_ids: list<item: int32>
  child 0, item: int32
```
`self._schema`
```
input_ids: list<item: int32> not null
  child 0, item: int32
```
### 2.3. Reason
https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/c9967f55626931f8059dc416526c791444cdfdf7/src/datasets/table.py#L1121
Here we lose nullability stored in `schema` because it seems that `Features` is always nullable and don't store nullability.
https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/c9967f55626931f8059dc416526c791444cdfdf7/src/datasets/table.py#L1103
So, casting to schema from such `Features` loses nullability, and eventually causes error of writing with different schema

## 3. Solution
1. Let `Features` stores nullability.
2. Directly cast table with original schema but not schema from converted `Features`. (this PR)
3. Don't `cast_table` when `write_table`