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RowanTELSCorp

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A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.

1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

A dosing dispenser for a flowable composition includes a housing, a traveler, a plunger, and a driver. The housing defines a chamber, and the plunger is movable within the chamber. The traveler is at least partially within the chamber and configured to selectively position the plunger. The driver is at least partially within the chamber and configured to movably position the traveler relative to the driver. The driver is engaged with the traveler within the chamber.1. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber and comprising a first dispensing end and a second end; a traveler movable within the chamber, wherein the traveler comprises a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, and wherein the first end and the second end are retained within the chamber such that the traveler is retained within the chamber when assembled; and a plunger movable within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along an axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 2. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an applicator adjacent the first dispensing end of the chamber, wherein the applicator comprises a dispensing channel in fluid communication with the chamber. 3. The dosing dispenser of claim 2, wherein, when the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable towards the dispensing channel. 4. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the traveler is configured to move independently from the plunger in a direction opposite from the unidirectional movement. 5. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a base assembly configured to movably position the traveler within the chamber along the axis. 6. The dosing dispenser of claim 5, further comprising: a base; a driver threadably engaged with the traveler and coupled to the base such that rotation of the base rotates the driver and axially moves the traveler within the chamber; and a cam mounted on the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of the plurality of slots. 7. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber. 8. The dosing dispenser of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 9. A dosing dispenser comprising: a housing defining a chamber; a traveler comprising a first end and a second end opposite from the first end, wherein the traveler is retained within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled such that the first end and the second end are within the chamber; a driver at least partially within the chamber and engaged with the traveler such that rotation of the driver movably positions the traveler within the chamber along an axis; and a plunger within the chamber and engageable with the traveler, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled and the traveler is engaged with the plunger, the plunger is unidirectionally movable by the traveler within the chamber along the axis, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis so as to dispense a predetermined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 10. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the plunger within the chamber when the dosing dispenser is assembled, and wherein the traveler is spaced apart from the plunger in the disengaged position within the chamber. 11. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is hollow and comprises a chamber extending from the first end to the second end of the traveler. 12. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler comprises threading such that the traveler is threadably engaged with the driver within the chamber. 13. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the plunger comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the plunger is proximate to a first end of the housing relative to the second end of the plunger, wherein the second end of the plunger defines a plunger cavity, and wherein the first end of the traveler is configured to engage the plunger within the plunger cavity. 14. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a predetermined location by unidirectionally moving the plunger along the axis, such that the predetermined quantity of material is dispensed from the dosing dispenser. 15. The dosing dispenser of claim 14, wherein the predetermined location is a first predetermined location of a plurality of predetermined locations and the predetermined quantity is a first predetermined quantity, and wherein the traveler is configured to selectively position the plunger at a second predetermined location of the plurality of predetermined locations along the axis within the chamber so as to dispense a second pre-determined quantity of material from the dosing dispenser. 16. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a base assembly engaged with the driver. 17. The dosing dispenser of claim 16, wherein the base assembly comprises a base that is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein the rotation of the driver is caused by rotation of the base. 18. The dosing dispenser of claim 17, further comprising a cam operatively connected to the driver and a plurality of slots disposed adjacent the cam, the cam having a plurality of deflectable arms, each of the deflectable arms including an engagement end configured to engage one of a plurality of slots. 19. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the plunger is substantially similar to a cross-sectional shape of the chamber such that the plunger forms a fluid tight seal with the housing within the chamber as the plunger is movably positioned within the chamber. 20. The dosing dispenser of claim 9, wherein, when the dosing dispenser is assembled, the traveler is bidirectionally movable along the axis within the chamber.

An apparatus for blocking of lenses, in particular eyeglass lenses. The blocking apparatus has a blocking station, which is designed for at least partially chronologically overlapping blocking of at least two lenses directly to one block piece apiece that is provided with a block material. In addition, the blocking apparatus has an aligning apparatus which is designed for at least partially chronologically overlapping, position-controlled rotating of the lenses around three rotational axes in respectively one defined rotational position. Moreover, the blocking apparatus has a transport apparatus, which is designed, in particular, for at least partially chronologically overlapping transport of the lenses to one block piece apiece that is located in the blocking station and for holding the lenses in the respectively defined rotational position.

1-46. (canceled) 47. Method for blocking of lenses comprising: rotating at least two lenses by means of an aligning apparatus at least partially chronologically overlapping in a position-controlled manner in a respectively defined rotational position, moving the lenses by means of a transport apparatus at least partially chronologically overlapping on a respective block piece that is located in a blocking station and holding the lenses in the respectively defined rotational position, and detachably connecting the lenses in the blocking station directly with the respective block piece by means of the transport apparatus to form a block piece-lens pair, using a block material and in an at least partially chronologically overlapping manner. 48. Method according to claim 47, wherein at least two block pieces are arranged in the blocking station, in each case, block material is applied to the two block pieces that are located in the blocking station, and the two block pieces that are provided with block material are moved by means of the blocking station relative to the transport apparatus into a joining position in which the lenses are connected with the respective block piece in a detachable manner at least partially chronologically overlapping to form the block piece-lens pair. 49. Method according to claim 48, wherein for detachably connecting of the lenses with the block pieces, the lenses are at least partially chronologically overlappingly pressed in the block material on the respective block piece by means of the transport apparatus. 50. Method according to claim 48, wherein in a joining position, the lenses are held at a predefined distance from the respective block piece for a minimum time, during which the block material hardens in such a way that a minimum strength of the block material, and thus a minimum hold between the respective lens and the respective block piece, is achieved. 51. Method according to claim 48, wherein the two block piece-lens pairs are moved by means of the blocking station relative to the transport apparatus into a rest position, in which the block material partially hardens. 52. Method according to claim 47. wherein the two block piece-lens pairs are moved by means of the blocking station relative to the transport apparatus into a removal position. in which the two block piece-lens pairs are removed from the blocking station. 53. Method according to claim 47, wherein, during the detachable connecting of the lenses with the block pieces to form the block piece-lens pair, the block material of two already-generated block piece-lens pairs partially hardens in the rest position, two additional block piece-lens pairs are removed in the removal position, and two other block pieces are arranged in the blocking station. 54. Method according to claim 47, wherein the blocking station is rotated around a rotational axis. 55. Method according to claim 47, wherein at least one additional block piece is arranged in the blocking station at least partially chronologically overlapping with the detachably connecting of the two block piece-lens pairs. 56. Method according to claim 55, wherein block material is applied to this additional block piece that is located in the blocking station. 57. Method according to claim 47, wherein at least partially chronologically overlapping with the detachably connecting of two block piece-lens pairs. at least one block piece-lens pair pauses in the rest position for partial hardening of the block material. 58. Method according to claim 47, wherein at least partially chronologically overlapping with the detachably connecting of two block piece-lens pairs, at least one additional block piece-lens pair is removed from the blocking station. 59. Apparatus for blocking of lenses, comprising: a blocking station for at least partially chronologically overlappingly connecting at least each of two lenses directly to a respective block piece that is provided with a block material, an aligning apparatus for at least partially chronologically overlappingly position-controlled rotating of the lenses around three rotational axes in a defined rotational position. and a transport apparatus for at least partially chronologically overlappingly transporting the lenses to a respective block piece that is located in the blocking station and for holding the lenses in the respectively defined rotational position. 60. Apparatus according to claim 59, wherein the aligning apparatus is additionally adapted to at least partially chronologically overlappingly provide position-controlled moving of the lenses along a linear axis. 61. Apparatus according to claim 59, wherein the aligning apparatus has two aligning devices, each of which is adapted to provide position-controlled rotation of the lenses around three rotational axes in the respectively defined rotational position. 62. Apparatus according to claim 61, wherein the two aligning devices are also adapted for position-controlled moving of the lenses along a linear axis. 63. Apparatus according to claim 59, wherein the blocking station has at least two block piece seats, each one being for a respective block piece, and in a joining position of the block piece seats, the lenses are connectable in a detachable manner with a respective one of the block pieces that is located in the respective block piece seat and is provided with block material to form a respective block piece-lens pair. 64. Apparatus according to claim 63, wherein, in the joining position of the block piece seats, the lenses can be pressed by means of the transport apparatus into the block material of the respective block piece that is located in the respective block piece seat and that is provided with block material. 65. Apparatus according to claim 63, wherein the blocking station is movable with the block piece seats thereon relative to the transport apparatus. 66. Apparatus according to claim 63, wherein the block piece seats are coupled to move in unison. 67. Apparatus according to claim 63, wherein the block piece seats are movable into a receiving position, in which each block piece is arrangeable in a respective block piece seat, and block material is deliverable onto the block pieces that are located in the block piece seats. 68. Apparatus according to claim 63, wherein the block piece seats are movable into the joining position. 69. Apparatus according to claim 63, wherein the block piece seats are movable into a rest position for partial hardening of the block material of the block piece-lens pairs. 70. Apparatus according to claim 63, wherein the block piece seats are movable into a removal position in which the block piece-lens pairs can be removed from the block piece seats. 71. Apparatus according to claim 67, wherein the blocking station has four pairs of block piece seats with two block piece seats apiece, the block piece seats being arranged in the blocking station so that a first block piece seat pair is movable into the receiving position, while a second block piece seat pair is movable into the joining position, and a third block piece seat pair is movable into the rest position, and a fourth block piece seat pair is movable into the removal position. 72. Apparatus according to claim 59, wherein the transport apparatus is adapted for removing lenses from the aligning apparatus, wherein the transport apparatus has at least two retaining heads for holding the lenses in the respectively defined rotational position and by means of the aligning apparatus, the lenses are rotatable relative to the respective retaining head in the respectively defined rotational position. 73. Apparatus according to claim 59, wherein the transport apparatus has two linear axes that run parallel to one another. 74. Apparatus according to claim 73, wherein one of the two linear axes is position-controlled. 75. Apparatus according to claim 73, wherein the lenses are moveable along said one of the two linear axes to the aligning apparatus and along the other linear axis to a block piece that is located in the blocking station. 76. Apparatus according to claim 73, wherein the transport apparatus has a first lens traversing device, wherein by means of the first lens traversing device, the lenses are movable to and positionable in the aligning apparatus. 77. Apparatus according to claim 73, wherein the transport apparatus has a second lens traversing device, wherein by means of the second lens traversing device, the lenses are removable from the aligning apparatus, are movable to a respective block piece that is located in the blocking station, and are connectable with the respective block piece provided with block material. 78. Apparatus according to claim 59, wherein the apparatus has a centering device for centering a lens that is to be blocked and a measuring station for acquiring orientation and geometry information of a lens that is to be blocked, and wherein the transport apparatus is adapted to transport the lenses to the centering device and to the measuring station. 79. Apparatus according to claim 78, wherein the transport apparatus has a lens feeding device, by means of which the lenses are removable from a supply container, are movable to the centering device, and are positionable in the centering device. 80. Apparatus according to claim 78, wherein the transport apparatus has a pivoting device by means of which the lenses are removable from the centering device and are movable from the centering device to a transfer position. 81. Apparatus according to claim 78, wherein the transport apparatus has a first lens traversing device, by means of which the lenses are receivable from the transfer position, are movable to the measuring station, are positionable in the measuring station, are removable from the measuring station, are movable to the aligning apparatus, and are positionable in the aligning apparatus. 82. Apparatus according to claim 81, wherein the transport apparatus has a second lens traversing device, by means of which the lenses are removable from the aligning apparatus, are movable from the aligning apparatus to a respective block piece that is located in the blocking station, and are connectable with the respective block piece provided with block material. 83. Apparatus according to claim 59, wherein the apparatus has a conveyor belt by means of which a supply container for lenses and block pieces is moveable exclusively in one direction. 84. Apparatus for blocking lenses, comprising at least one block piece seat for a block piece, wherein a major axis of the block piece seat is inclined with respect to vertical. 85. Block material feeding device for an apparatus for blocking of lenses, comprising: means for automated loading of a thermoplastic block material in the solid aggregate state, means for heating certain areas of the thermoplastic block material, and means for metered dispensing of the molten block material. 86. Block material feeding device according to claim 85, further comprising means for cooling the block material located in the block material feeding device. 87. Method for blocking and processing an eyeglass lens, comprising: blocking the lens in a blocking apparatus on a block piece that is provided with block material in a defined rotational position relative to the block piece, transmitting in electronic form at least one piece of information about to the defined rotational position of the lens to a processing apparatus, and processing the blocked lens by the processing apparatus while taking into consideration the transmitted information about the defined rotational position of the lens. 88. Method according to claim 87, further comprising rotating the lens in the blocking apparatus around three rotational axes in a position-controlled manner in the defined rotational position relative to the block piece. 89. Method according to claim 87, wherein the processing of the blocked lens by the processing apparatus is started at a position that depends on the transmitted information about the defined rotational position of the lens. 90. Method for blocking an eyeglass lens on a block piece having a prismatically tilted receiving surface for the lens using a block material, comprising the steps of: during blocking, holding the block piece in an inclined block piece seat in such a way that the prismatically tilted receiving surface is oriented at least essentially horizontally. 91. Method for blocking a prismatic eyeglass lens on a block piece by means of a block material, comprising: providing an inclined block piece seat by providing the block piece with a prismatically tilted receiving surface for the lens, and, providing the receiving surface with a prismatic tilting that is less than a desired prism of the lens, and taking into consideration the difference between the prismatic tilting of the receiving surface and the desired prism of the lens during processing of the blocked lens, so that the desired prism of the lens is generated. 92. Method according to claim 90, wherein at least one of a major axis of the block piece seat or a normal at the midpoint of a receiving surface of the block piece is inclined by 1° to 5° with respect to vertical.

An apparatus for blocking of lenses, in particular eyeglass lenses. The blocking apparatus has a blocking station, which is designed for at least partially chronologically overlapping blocking of at least two lenses directly to one block piece apiece that is provided with a block material. In addition, the blocking apparatus has an aligning apparatus which is designed for at least partially chronologically overlapping, position-controlled rotating of the lenses around three rotational axes in respectively one defined rotational position. Moreover, the blocking apparatus has a transport apparatus, which is designed, in particular, for at least partially chronologically overlapping transport of the lenses to one block piece apiece that is located in the blocking station and for holding the lenses in the respectively defined rotational position.1-46. (canceled) 47. Method for blocking of lenses comprising: rotating at least two lenses by means of an aligning apparatus at least partially chronologically overlapping in a position-controlled manner in a respectively defined rotational position, moving the lenses by means of a transport apparatus at least partially chronologically overlapping on a respective block piece that is located in a blocking station and holding the lenses in the respectively defined rotational position, and detachably connecting the lenses in the blocking station directly with the respective block piece by means of the transport apparatus to form a block piece-lens pair, using a block material and in an at least partially chronologically overlapping manner. 48. Method according to claim 47, wherein at least two block pieces are arranged in the blocking station, in each case, block material is applied to the two block pieces that are located in the blocking station, and the two block pieces that are provided with block material are moved by means of the blocking station relative to the transport apparatus into a joining position in which the lenses are connected with the respective block piece in a detachable manner at least partially chronologically overlapping to form the block piece-lens pair. 49. Method according to claim 48, wherein for detachably connecting of the lenses with the block pieces, the lenses are at least partially chronologically overlappingly pressed in the block material on the respective block piece by means of the transport apparatus. 50. Method according to claim 48, wherein in a joining position, the lenses are held at a predefined distance from the respective block piece for a minimum time, during which the block material hardens in such a way that a minimum strength of the block material, and thus a minimum hold between the respective lens and the respective block piece, is achieved. 51. Method according to claim 48, wherein the two block piece-lens pairs are moved by means of the blocking station relative to the transport apparatus into a rest position, in which the block material partially hardens. 52. Method according to claim 47. wherein the two block piece-lens pairs are moved by means of the blocking station relative to the transport apparatus into a removal position. in which the two block piece-lens pairs are removed from the blocking station. 53. Method according to claim 47, wherein, during the detachable connecting of the lenses with the block pieces to form the block piece-lens pair, the block material of two already-generated block piece-lens pairs partially hardens in the rest position, two additional block piece-lens pairs are removed in the removal position, and two other block pieces are arranged in the blocking station. 54. Method according to claim 47, wherein the blocking station is rotated around a rotational axis. 55. Method according to claim 47, wherein at least one additional block piece is arranged in the blocking station at least partially chronologically overlapping with the detachably connecting of the two block piece-lens pairs. 56. Method according to claim 55, wherein block material is applied to this additional block piece that is located in the blocking station. 57. Method according to claim 47, wherein at least partially chronologically overlapping with the detachably connecting of two block piece-lens pairs. at least one block piece-lens pair pauses in the rest position for partial hardening of the block material. 58. Method according to claim 47, wherein at least partially chronologically overlapping with the detachably connecting of two block piece-lens pairs, at least one additional block piece-lens pair is removed from the blocking station. 59. Apparatus for blocking of lenses, comprising: a blocking station for at least partially chronologically overlappingly connecting at least each of two lenses directly to a respective block piece that is provided with a block material, an aligning apparatus for at least partially chronologically overlappingly position-controlled rotating of the lenses around three rotational axes in a defined rotational position. and a transport apparatus for at least partially chronologically overlappingly transporting the lenses to a respective block piece that is located in the blocking station and for holding the lenses in the respectively defined rotational position. 60. Apparatus according to claim 59, wherein the aligning apparatus is additionally adapted to at least partially chronologically overlappingly provide position-controlled moving of the lenses along a linear axis. 61. Apparatus according to claim 59, wherein the aligning apparatus has two aligning devices, each of which is adapted to provide position-controlled rotation of the lenses around three rotational axes in the respectively defined rotational position. 62. Apparatus according to claim 61, wherein the two aligning devices are also adapted for position-controlled moving of the lenses along a linear axis. 63. Apparatus according to claim 59, wherein the blocking station has at least two block piece seats, each one being for a respective block piece, and in a joining position of the block piece seats, the lenses are connectable in a detachable manner with a respective one of the block pieces that is located in the respective block piece seat and is provided with block material to form a respective block piece-lens pair. 64. Apparatus according to claim 63, wherein, in the joining position of the block piece seats, the lenses can be pressed by means of the transport apparatus into the block material of the respective block piece that is located in the respective block piece seat and that is provided with block material. 65. Apparatus according to claim 63, wherein the blocking station is movable with the block piece seats thereon relative to the transport apparatus. 66. Apparatus according to claim 63, wherein the block piece seats are coupled to move in unison. 67. Apparatus according to claim 63, wherein the block piece seats are movable into a receiving position, in which each block piece is arrangeable in a respective block piece seat, and block material is deliverable onto the block pieces that are located in the block piece seats. 68. Apparatus according to claim 63, wherein the block piece seats are movable into the joining position. 69. Apparatus according to claim 63, wherein the block piece seats are movable into a rest position for partial hardening of the block material of the block piece-lens pairs. 70. Apparatus according to claim 63, wherein the block piece seats are movable into a removal position in which the block piece-lens pairs can be removed from the block piece seats. 71. Apparatus according to claim 67, wherein the blocking station has four pairs of block piece seats with two block piece seats apiece, the block piece seats being arranged in the blocking station so that a first block piece seat pair is movable into the receiving position, while a second block piece seat pair is movable into the joining position, and a third block piece seat pair is movable into the rest position, and a fourth block piece seat pair is movable into the removal position. 72. Apparatus according to claim 59, wherein the transport apparatus is adapted for removing lenses from the aligning apparatus, wherein the transport apparatus has at least two retaining heads for holding the lenses in the respectively defined rotational position and by means of the aligning apparatus, the lenses are rotatable relative to the respective retaining head in the respectively defined rotational position. 73. Apparatus according to claim 59, wherein the transport apparatus has two linear axes that run parallel to one another. 74. Apparatus according to claim 73, wherein one of the two linear axes is position-controlled. 75. Apparatus according to claim 73, wherein the lenses are moveable along said one of the two linear axes to the aligning apparatus and along the other linear axis to a block piece that is located in the blocking station. 76. Apparatus according to claim 73, wherein the transport apparatus has a first lens traversing device, wherein by means of the first lens traversing device, the lenses are movable to and positionable in the aligning apparatus. 77. Apparatus according to claim 73, wherein the transport apparatus has a second lens traversing device, wherein by means of the second lens traversing device, the lenses are removable from the aligning apparatus, are movable to a respective block piece that is located in the blocking station, and are connectable with the respective block piece provided with block material. 78. Apparatus according to claim 59, wherein the apparatus has a centering device for centering a lens that is to be blocked and a measuring station for acquiring orientation and geometry information of a lens that is to be blocked, and wherein the transport apparatus is adapted to transport the lenses to the centering device and to the measuring station. 79. Apparatus according to claim 78, wherein the transport apparatus has a lens feeding device, by means of which the lenses are removable from a supply container, are movable to the centering device, and are positionable in the centering device. 80. Apparatus according to claim 78, wherein the transport apparatus has a pivoting device by means of which the lenses are removable from the centering device and are movable from the centering device to a transfer position. 81. Apparatus according to claim 78, wherein the transport apparatus has a first lens traversing device, by means of which the lenses are receivable from the transfer position, are movable to the measuring station, are positionable in the measuring station, are removable from the measuring station, are movable to the aligning apparatus, and are positionable in the aligning apparatus. 82. Apparatus according to claim 81, wherein the transport apparatus has a second lens traversing device, by means of which the lenses are removable from the aligning apparatus, are movable from the aligning apparatus to a respective block piece that is located in the blocking station, and are connectable with the respective block piece provided with block material. 83. Apparatus according to claim 59, wherein the apparatus has a conveyor belt by means of which a supply container for lenses and block pieces is moveable exclusively in one direction. 84. Apparatus for blocking lenses, comprising at least one block piece seat for a block piece, wherein a major axis of the block piece seat is inclined with respect to vertical. 85. Block material feeding device for an apparatus for blocking of lenses, comprising: means for automated loading of a thermoplastic block material in the solid aggregate state, means for heating certain areas of the thermoplastic block material, and means for metered dispensing of the molten block material. 86. Block material feeding device according to claim 85, further comprising means for cooling the block material located in the block material feeding device. 87. Method for blocking and processing an eyeglass lens, comprising: blocking the lens in a blocking apparatus on a block piece that is provided with block material in a defined rotational position relative to the block piece, transmitting in electronic form at least one piece of information about to the defined rotational position of the lens to a processing apparatus, and processing the blocked lens by the processing apparatus while taking into consideration the transmitted information about the defined rotational position of the lens. 88. Method according to claim 87, further comprising rotating the lens in the blocking apparatus around three rotational axes in a position-controlled manner in the defined rotational position relative to the block piece. 89. Method according to claim 87, wherein the processing of the blocked lens by the processing apparatus is started at a position that depends on the transmitted information about the defined rotational position of the lens. 90. Method for blocking an eyeglass lens on a block piece having a prismatically tilted receiving surface for the lens using a block material, comprising the steps of: during blocking, holding the block piece in an inclined block piece seat in such a way that the prismatically tilted receiving surface is oriented at least essentially horizontally. 91. Method for blocking a prismatic eyeglass lens on a block piece by means of a block material, comprising: providing an inclined block piece seat by providing the block piece with a prismatically tilted receiving surface for the lens, and, providing the receiving surface with a prismatic tilting that is less than a desired prism of the lens, and taking into consideration the difference between the prismatic tilting of the receiving surface and the desired prism of the lens during processing of the blocked lens, so that the desired prism of the lens is generated. 92. Method according to claim 90, wherein at least one of a major axis of the block piece seat or a normal at the midpoint of a receiving surface of the block piece is inclined by 1° to 5° with respect to vertical.

The invention can be used in producing prestressed reinforcement for reinforcing items made of concrete and provides maximally strong adhesion to concrete in any potentially possible direction of displacement, and a high level of specific strength, relaxation resistance and fatigue resistance. In a reinforcement wire having a spiral profile, three ruled surfaces, separated from one another by the areas of the cylindrical surface, are applied on the surface of the wire along a spiral line. Trapezoidal projections are disposed on the ruled surfaces at an incline in a direction reversed to the direction of the spiral line along which the ruled surfaces themselves are arranged.

1. A reinforcement wire having spiral profile, having a triangular section with rounded angles, the ribs and the faces of the wire, which are formed by the rounded angles and the sides of the triangle, respectively, being disposed helically, and a periodic profile in the form of inclined trapezoidal projections with rounded transition areas being formed on the surface of the faces along the line of their positioning. 2. The reinforcement wire according to claim 1, wherein the section is in the shape of a quadrangle with rounded angles. 3. The reinforcement wire according to claim 1, wherein the section is in the shape of an oval. 4. The reinforcement wire according to claim 1, wherein the faces are convex. 5. The reinforcement wire according to claim 1, wherein the faces are concave.

The invention can be used in producing prestressed reinforcement for reinforcing items made of concrete and provides maximally strong adhesion to concrete in any potentially possible direction of displacement, and a high level of specific strength, relaxation resistance and fatigue resistance. In a reinforcement wire having a spiral profile, three ruled surfaces, separated from one another by the areas of the cylindrical surface, are applied on the surface of the wire along a spiral line. Trapezoidal projections are disposed on the ruled surfaces at an incline in a direction reversed to the direction of the spiral line along which the ruled surfaces themselves are arranged.1. A reinforcement wire having spiral profile, having a triangular section with rounded angles, the ribs and the faces of the wire, which are formed by the rounded angles and the sides of the triangle, respectively, being disposed helically, and a periodic profile in the form of inclined trapezoidal projections with rounded transition areas being formed on the surface of the faces along the line of their positioning. 2. The reinforcement wire according to claim 1, wherein the section is in the shape of a quadrangle with rounded angles. 3. The reinforcement wire according to claim 1, wherein the section is in the shape of an oval. 4. The reinforcement wire according to claim 1, wherein the faces are convex. 5. The reinforcement wire according to claim 1, wherein the faces are concave.

A vehicular lighting fixture is a vehicular lighting fixture configured to illuminate a side in front of a vehicle, and includes a parallel light illumination device configured to emit parallel light and a projection optical system configured to project the parallel light emitted from the parallel light illumination device to a forward side, and in the projection optical system, a focal length of a horizontal component is smaller than a focal length of a vertical component.

1. A vehicular lighting fixture configured to illuminate a side in front of a vehicle, the vehicular lighting fixture comprising: a parallel light illumination device configured to emit parallel light; and a projection optical system configured to project the parallel light emitted from the parallel light illumination device to a forward side, wherein, in the projection optical system, a focal length of a horizontal component is smaller than a focal length of a vertical component. 2. The vehicular lighting fixture according to claim 1, comprising an imaging light forming device that is disposed between the parallel light illumination device and the projection optical system and that is configured to modulate the parallel light emitted from the parallel light illumination device and to form imaging light. 3. The vehicular lighting fixture according to claim 1, wherein the parallel light illumination device has a light source unit configured to radially emit light from a diffusion center, and a collimator optical system configured to convert the light emitted from the light source unit into parallel light. 4. The vehicular lighting fixture according to claim 3, wherein the collimator optical system has an incident surface to which a primary light, which is the light emitted from the light source unit to enter the collimator optical system and to pass through the collimator optical system, and an emitting surface from which a secondary light, which is parallel to an optical axis of the collimator optical system, is emitted, and a diffusion angle of a horizontal component of the primary light is greater than a diffusion angle of a vertical component of the primary light. 5. The vehicular lighting fixture according to claim 4, wherein a vertical component of the incident surface has a hyperbolic shape having a hyperbolic focus that coincides with the diffusion center. 6. The vehicular lighting fixture according to claim 4, wherein a horizontal component of the incident surface has a hyperbolic shape in which a hyperbolic focus coincides with the diffusion center in a vicinity of the optical axis of the collimator optical system, and has a shape moving rearward from the hyperbolic shape as it is goes outward from the optical axis of the collimator optical system in a horizontal direction. 7. The vehicular lighting fixture according to claim 3, wherein the light source unit has a light source main body, and an elliptical reflecting surface configured to reflect the light emitted from the light source main body and to emit the reflected light toward the collimator optical system, the elliptical reflecting surface is formed in an elliptical shape based on a pair of elliptical focuses, and the light source main body is disposed on one of the pair of elliptical focuses, and the other elliptical focus functions as the diffusion center.

A vehicular lighting fixture is a vehicular lighting fixture configured to illuminate a side in front of a vehicle, and includes a parallel light illumination device configured to emit parallel light and a projection optical system configured to project the parallel light emitted from the parallel light illumination device to a forward side, and in the projection optical system, a focal length of a horizontal component is smaller than a focal length of a vertical component.1. A vehicular lighting fixture configured to illuminate a side in front of a vehicle, the vehicular lighting fixture comprising: a parallel light illumination device configured to emit parallel light; and a projection optical system configured to project the parallel light emitted from the parallel light illumination device to a forward side, wherein, in the projection optical system, a focal length of a horizontal component is smaller than a focal length of a vertical component. 2. The vehicular lighting fixture according to claim 1, comprising an imaging light forming device that is disposed between the parallel light illumination device and the projection optical system and that is configured to modulate the parallel light emitted from the parallel light illumination device and to form imaging light. 3. The vehicular lighting fixture according to claim 1, wherein the parallel light illumination device has a light source unit configured to radially emit light from a diffusion center, and a collimator optical system configured to convert the light emitted from the light source unit into parallel light. 4. The vehicular lighting fixture according to claim 3, wherein the collimator optical system has an incident surface to which a primary light, which is the light emitted from the light source unit to enter the collimator optical system and to pass through the collimator optical system, and an emitting surface from which a secondary light, which is parallel to an optical axis of the collimator optical system, is emitted, and a diffusion angle of a horizontal component of the primary light is greater than a diffusion angle of a vertical component of the primary light. 5. The vehicular lighting fixture according to claim 4, wherein a vertical component of the incident surface has a hyperbolic shape having a hyperbolic focus that coincides with the diffusion center. 6. The vehicular lighting fixture according to claim 4, wherein a horizontal component of the incident surface has a hyperbolic shape in which a hyperbolic focus coincides with the diffusion center in a vicinity of the optical axis of the collimator optical system, and has a shape moving rearward from the hyperbolic shape as it is goes outward from the optical axis of the collimator optical system in a horizontal direction. 7. The vehicular lighting fixture according to claim 3, wherein the light source unit has a light source main body, and an elliptical reflecting surface configured to reflect the light emitted from the light source main body and to emit the reflected light toward the collimator optical system, the elliptical reflecting surface is formed in an elliptical shape based on a pair of elliptical focuses, and the light source main body is disposed on one of the pair of elliptical focuses, and the other elliptical focus functions as the diffusion center.

The present invention provides a writing implement, including a pen tube, a guiding element, a motion sensor, and a controller. An end portion of the pen tube is provided with a nib. The guiding element and the motion sensor are disposed on the pen tube, and the guiding element is controlled by the controller. In the process of writing, the motion sensor detects words and pencraft characteristics when a user holds the pen tube for writing, and the controller controls the guiding element to generate a guiding force to guide the words and pencraft characteristics when writing, to approach or be equal to words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written. Therefore, the present invention may train a user to copy the handwriting of a master or actively guide the user to wield the pen by means of the writing implement.

1. A writing implement, comprising: a pen tube having an end portion provided with a nib; a guiding element; a motion sensor; and a controller, wherein the guiding element and the motion sensor are disposed on the pen tube, and the guiding element is controlled by the controller, in the process of writing, the motion sensor detects words and pencraft characteristics when a user holds the pen tube for writing, and transmits the words and pencraft characteristics to the controller, the controller performs a comparative analysis between words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written and the words and pencraft characteristics when writing according to the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written, when the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written are different from the words and pencraft characteristics when writing, the controller controls the guiding element to generate a guiding force to guide the words and pencraft characteristics when writing, to approach or be equal to the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written. 2. The writing implement according to claim 1, wherein the controller comprises a copybook data storage unit for storing words and pencraft characteristics, wherein the user directly selects the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written from the copybook data storage unit; or, the controller detects the words and pencraft characteristics according to the motion sensor, and performs comparison with the words and pencraft characteristics stored in the copybook data storage unit, the user confirms the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written; or, according to a real time analysis of the words and pencraft characteristics detected by the controller according to the motion sensor, and after performing a real time comparison with the words and pencraft characteristics stored in the copybook data storage unit, the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written are automatically determined. 3. The writing implement according to claim 2, wherein the controller further comprises a signal transmitter for transmitting and receiving signals, the signal transmitter is provided on the pen tube, wherein the signal transmitter receives a voice signal of the words prepared to be written by the user or a wireless signal transmitted by a mobile phone and a computer, and the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written is confirmed from the copybook data storage unit. 4. The writing implement according to claim 1, wherein the controller comprises a driving unit and an analysis unit, the driving unit controls the guiding element and is provided on the pen tube, and the analysis unit performs the comparative analysis between the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written and the words and pencraft characteristics when writing, the analysis unit is set on a mobile phone, a computer, a data cloud, and performs data calculation wirelessly, or the analysis unit is disposed on the pen tube. 5. The writing implement according to claim 1, wherein the guiding element comprises a plurality of actuators, the actuators are disposed in a plurality of orientations of the pen tube, and the actuator generates the guiding force in at least one of the orientations according to a difference between the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written and the words and pencraft characteristics when writing. 6. The writing implement according to claim 5, wherein the guiding element further comprises a flywheel provided on the pen tube, and the flywheel generates the guiding force in at least one of the orientations according to a difference between the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written and the words and pencraft characteristics when writing. 7. The writing implement according to claim 5, wherein the actuators are respectively connected to a central axis of the pen tube by a connecting rod, and hit an upper plate or a lower plate provided on an inner wall of the pen tube, to generate the guiding force of rotating the pen tube with respect to the central axis. 8. The writing implement according to claim 5, wherein the actuator comprises a servo motor and a plurality of counter weights, the servo motor is located on a central axis of the pen tube, the plurality of counter weights are connected to the servo motor by a connecting rod, respectively, the servo motor drives a rotation of the counter weight, and hit an upper plate or a lower plate disposed on an inner wall of the pen tube, to generate the guiding force of rotating the pen tube with respect to the central axis. 9. The writing implement according to claim 1, wherein the pen tube comprises an inner tube, an outer tube, and a supporting portion, the supporting portion is movably connected between the inner tube and the outer tube, and the inner tube generates the guiding force that inclines or displaces the inner tube under the driving of the guiding element, and the supporting portion is movably connected to the horizontal position and the vertical position between the inner tube and the outer tube, and is displaced as the inner tube is tilted. 10. The writing implement according to claim 9, wherein the guiding element comprises a plurality of actuators, and the actuator generates the guiding force in at least one orientation according to a difference between the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written and the words and pencraft characteristics when writing. 11. The writing implement according to claim 10, wherein the actuator comprises an inclined rack in the at least one orientation disposed between the inner tube and the outer tube, an auxiliary rack disposed on an inner wall of the outer tube, and a driving wheel engaged between the inclined rack and the auxiliary rack, the driving wheel is controlled by the controller to move along an axis of the inner tube from a thin teeth zone to a thick teeth zone of the inclined rack, and radially moves the inner tube, so that the inner tube is driven by the guiding force to generate a deviation or displacement. 12. The writing implement according to claim 10, wherein the actuator comprises a driving member disposed in the at least one orientation between the inner tube and the outer tube, and a force resilience member provided between the driving member and an inner wall of the outer tube, the driving member is controlled by the controller, and radially moves the inner tube, so that the inner tube is driven by the guiding force to generate a deviation or displacement. 13. The writing implement according to claim 10, wherein the actuator is provided on the inner tube, the actuators are respectively connected to a central axis of the inner tube by a connecting rod, and the actuator hits an upper plate or a lower plate disposed on an inner wall of the inner tube, to generate the guiding force of rotating the inner tube with respect to the central axis. 14. The writing implement according to claim 13, wherein the guiding force generated by the actuator provided on the inner tube corresponds to the guidance of a bigger pencraft characteristic, and the guiding force generated by the another actuator provided between the inner tube and the outer tube corresponds to a smaller pencraft characteristic. 15. The writing implement according to claim 10, wherein the guiding element comprises an actuator provided on the supporting portion in a vertical position, and the actuator generates the guiding force by means of electromagnetic induction, hydraulic pressure, or pneumatic pressure to drive a piston to move axially, or generates the guiding force by means of a motor driving a screw rod to move axially, or the motor driving one of a gear and a rack to move axially. 16. The writing implement according to claim 10, wherein the guiding element comprises an actuator connected between the inner tube and the nib, and the actuator generates the guiding force by means of electromagnetic induction, hydraulic pressure, or pneumatic pressure to drive a piston to move axially, or generates the guiding force by means of a motor driving a screw rod to move axially, or the motor driving one of a gear and a rack to move axially. 17. The writing implement according to claim 1, wherein the motion sensor comprises a nib pressure sensor provided within the nib to detect a deformation amount of the nib being pressed down, wherein the controller detects a pressure of the nib being pressed down according to a feedback signal of the nib pressure sensor, to determine the words and pencraft characteristics when writing. 18. The writing implement according to claim 1, wherein the motion sensor comprises a gyroscope or a gravity sensor, and is used to detect at least one of a displacement amount, an orientation angle, and a moving velocity of the pen tube.

The present invention provides a writing implement, including a pen tube, a guiding element, a motion sensor, and a controller. An end portion of the pen tube is provided with a nib. The guiding element and the motion sensor are disposed on the pen tube, and the guiding element is controlled by the controller. In the process of writing, the motion sensor detects words and pencraft characteristics when a user holds the pen tube for writing, and the controller controls the guiding element to generate a guiding force to guide the words and pencraft characteristics when writing, to approach or be equal to words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written. Therefore, the present invention may train a user to copy the handwriting of a master or actively guide the user to wield the pen by means of the writing implement.1. A writing implement, comprising: a pen tube having an end portion provided with a nib; a guiding element; a motion sensor; and a controller, wherein the guiding element and the motion sensor are disposed on the pen tube, and the guiding element is controlled by the controller, in the process of writing, the motion sensor detects words and pencraft characteristics when a user holds the pen tube for writing, and transmits the words and pencraft characteristics to the controller, the controller performs a comparative analysis between words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written and the words and pencraft characteristics when writing according to the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written, when the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written are different from the words and pencraft characteristics when writing, the controller controls the guiding element to generate a guiding force to guide the words and pencraft characteristics when writing, to approach or be equal to the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written. 2. The writing implement according to claim 1, wherein the controller comprises a copybook data storage unit for storing words and pencraft characteristics, wherein the user directly selects the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written from the copybook data storage unit; or, the controller detects the words and pencraft characteristics according to the motion sensor, and performs comparison with the words and pencraft characteristics stored in the copybook data storage unit, the user confirms the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written; or, according to a real time analysis of the words and pencraft characteristics detected by the controller according to the motion sensor, and after performing a real time comparison with the words and pencraft characteristics stored in the copybook data storage unit, the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written are automatically determined. 3. The writing implement according to claim 2, wherein the controller further comprises a signal transmitter for transmitting and receiving signals, the signal transmitter is provided on the pen tube, wherein the signal transmitter receives a voice signal of the words prepared to be written by the user or a wireless signal transmitted by a mobile phone and a computer, and the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written is confirmed from the copybook data storage unit. 4. The writing implement according to claim 1, wherein the controller comprises a driving unit and an analysis unit, the driving unit controls the guiding element and is provided on the pen tube, and the analysis unit performs the comparative analysis between the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written and the words and pencraft characteristics when writing, the analysis unit is set on a mobile phone, a computer, a data cloud, and performs data calculation wirelessly, or the analysis unit is disposed on the pen tube. 5. The writing implement according to claim 1, wherein the guiding element comprises a plurality of actuators, the actuators are disposed in a plurality of orientations of the pen tube, and the actuator generates the guiding force in at least one of the orientations according to a difference between the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written and the words and pencraft characteristics when writing. 6. The writing implement according to claim 5, wherein the guiding element further comprises a flywheel provided on the pen tube, and the flywheel generates the guiding force in at least one of the orientations according to a difference between the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written and the words and pencraft characteristics when writing. 7. The writing implement according to claim 5, wherein the actuators are respectively connected to a central axis of the pen tube by a connecting rod, and hit an upper plate or a lower plate provided on an inner wall of the pen tube, to generate the guiding force of rotating the pen tube with respect to the central axis. 8. The writing implement according to claim 5, wherein the actuator comprises a servo motor and a plurality of counter weights, the servo motor is located on a central axis of the pen tube, the plurality of counter weights are connected to the servo motor by a connecting rod, respectively, the servo motor drives a rotation of the counter weight, and hit an upper plate or a lower plate disposed on an inner wall of the pen tube, to generate the guiding force of rotating the pen tube with respect to the central axis. 9. The writing implement according to claim 1, wherein the pen tube comprises an inner tube, an outer tube, and a supporting portion, the supporting portion is movably connected between the inner tube and the outer tube, and the inner tube generates the guiding force that inclines or displaces the inner tube under the driving of the guiding element, and the supporting portion is movably connected to the horizontal position and the vertical position between the inner tube and the outer tube, and is displaced as the inner tube is tilted. 10. The writing implement according to claim 9, wherein the guiding element comprises a plurality of actuators, and the actuator generates the guiding force in at least one orientation according to a difference between the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written and the words and pencraft characteristics when writing. 11. The writing implement according to claim 10, wherein the actuator comprises an inclined rack in the at least one orientation disposed between the inner tube and the outer tube, an auxiliary rack disposed on an inner wall of the outer tube, and a driving wheel engaged between the inclined rack and the auxiliary rack, the driving wheel is controlled by the controller to move along an axis of the inner tube from a thin teeth zone to a thick teeth zone of the inclined rack, and radially moves the inner tube, so that the inner tube is driven by the guiding force to generate a deviation or displacement. 12. The writing implement according to claim 10, wherein the actuator comprises a driving member disposed in the at least one orientation between the inner tube and the outer tube, and a force resilience member provided between the driving member and an inner wall of the outer tube, the driving member is controlled by the controller, and radially moves the inner tube, so that the inner tube is driven by the guiding force to generate a deviation or displacement. 13. The writing implement according to claim 10, wherein the actuator is provided on the inner tube, the actuators are respectively connected to a central axis of the inner tube by a connecting rod, and the actuator hits an upper plate or a lower plate disposed on an inner wall of the inner tube, to generate the guiding force of rotating the inner tube with respect to the central axis. 14. The writing implement according to claim 13, wherein the guiding force generated by the actuator provided on the inner tube corresponds to the guidance of a bigger pencraft characteristic, and the guiding force generated by the another actuator provided between the inner tube and the outer tube corresponds to a smaller pencraft characteristic. 15. The writing implement according to claim 10, wherein the guiding element comprises an actuator provided on the supporting portion in a vertical position, and the actuator generates the guiding force by means of electromagnetic induction, hydraulic pressure, or pneumatic pressure to drive a piston to move axially, or generates the guiding force by means of a motor driving a screw rod to move axially, or the motor driving one of a gear and a rack to move axially. 16. The writing implement according to claim 10, wherein the guiding element comprises an actuator connected between the inner tube and the nib, and the actuator generates the guiding force by means of electromagnetic induction, hydraulic pressure, or pneumatic pressure to drive a piston to move axially, or generates the guiding force by means of a motor driving a screw rod to move axially, or the motor driving one of a gear and a rack to move axially. 17. The writing implement according to claim 1, wherein the motion sensor comprises a nib pressure sensor provided within the nib to detect a deformation amount of the nib being pressed down, wherein the controller detects a pressure of the nib being pressed down according to a feedback signal of the nib pressure sensor, to determine the words and pencraft characteristics when writing. 18. The writing implement according to claim 1, wherein the motion sensor comprises a gyroscope or a gravity sensor, and is used to detect at least one of a displacement amount, an orientation angle, and a moving velocity of the pen tube.

The present invention provides a writing implement, including a pen tube, a guiding element, a motion sensor, and a controller. An end portion of the pen tube is provided with a nib. The guiding element and the motion sensor are disposed on the pen tube, and the guiding element is controlled by the controller. In the process of writing, the motion sensor detects words and pencraft characteristics when a user holds the pen tube for writing, and the controller controls the guiding element to generate a guiding force to guide the words and pencraft characteristics when writing, to approach or be equal to words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written. Therefore, the present invention may train a user to copy the handwriting of a master or actively guide the user to wield the pen by means of the writing implement.

1. A writing implement, comprising: a pen tube having an end portion provided with a nib; a guiding element; a motion sensor; and a controller, wherein the guiding element and the motion sensor are disposed on the pen tube, and the guiding element is controlled by the controller, in the process of writing, the motion sensor detects words and pencraft characteristics when a user holds the pen tube for writing, and transmits the words and pencraft characteristics to the controller, the controller performs a comparative analysis between words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written and the words and pencraft characteristics when writing according to the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written, when the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written are different from the words and pencraft characteristics when writing, the controller controls the guiding element to generate a guiding force to guide the words and pencraft characteristics when writing, to approach or be equal to the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written. 2. The writing implement according to claim 1, wherein the controller comprises a copybook data storage unit for storing words and pencraft characteristics, wherein the user directly selects the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written from the copybook data storage unit; or, the controller detects the words and pencraft characteristics according to the motion sensor, and performs comparison with the words and pencraft characteristics stored in the copybook data storage unit, the user confirms the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written; or, according to a real time analysis of the words and pencraft characteristics detected by the controller according to the motion sensor, and after performing a real time comparison with the words and pencraft characteristics stored in the copybook data storage unit, the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written are automatically determined. 3. The writing implement according to claim 2, wherein the controller further comprises a signal transmitter for transmitting and receiving signals, the signal transmitter is provided on the pen tube, wherein the signal transmitter receives a voice signal of the words prepared to be written by the user or a wireless signal transmitted by a mobile phone and a computer, and the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written is confirmed from the copybook data storage unit. 4. The writing implement according to claim 1, wherein the controller comprises a driving unit and an analysis unit, the driving unit controls the guiding element and is provided on the pen tube, and the analysis unit performs the comparative analysis between the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written and the words and pencraft characteristics when writing, the analysis unit is set on a mobile phone, a computer, a data cloud, and performs data calculation wirelessly, or the analysis unit is disposed on the pen tube. 5. The writing implement according to claim 1, wherein the guiding element comprises a plurality of actuators, the actuators are disposed in a plurality of orientations of the pen tube, and the actuator generates the guiding force in at least one of the orientations according to a difference between the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written and the words and pencraft characteristics when writing. 6. The writing implement according to claim 5, wherein the guiding element further comprises a flywheel provided on the pen tube, and the flywheel generates the guiding force in at least one of the orientations according to a difference between the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written and the words and pencraft characteristics when writing. 7. The writing implement according to claim 5, wherein the actuators are respectively connected to a central axis of the pen tube by a connecting rod, and hit an upper plate or a lower plate provided on an inner wall of the pen tube, to generate the guiding force of rotating the pen tube with respect to the central axis. 8. The writing implement according to claim 5, wherein the actuator comprises a servo motor and a plurality of counter weights, the servo motor is located on a central axis of the pen tube, the plurality of counter weights are connected to the servo motor by a connecting rod, respectively, the servo motor drives a rotation of the counter weight, and hit an upper plate or a lower plate disposed on an inner wall of the pen tube, to generate the guiding force of rotating the pen tube with respect to the central axis. 9. The writing implement according to claim 1, wherein the pen tube comprises an inner tube, an outer tube, and a supporting portion, the supporting portion is movably connected between the inner tube and the outer tube, and the inner tube generates the guiding force that inclines or displaces the inner tube under the driving of the guiding element, and the supporting portion is movably connected to the horizontal position and the vertical position between the inner tube and the outer tube, and is displaced as the inner tube is tilted. 10. The writing implement according to claim 9, wherein the guiding element comprises a plurality of actuators, and the actuator generates the guiding force in at least one orientation according to a difference between the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written and the words and pencraft characteristics when writing. 11. The writing implement according to claim 10, wherein the actuator comprises an inclined rack in the at least one orientation disposed between the inner tube and the outer tube, an auxiliary rack disposed on an inner wall of the outer tube, and a driving wheel engaged between the inclined rack and the auxiliary rack, the driving wheel is controlled by the controller to move along an axis of the inner tube from a thin teeth zone to a thick teeth zone of the inclined rack, and radially moves the inner tube, so that the inner tube is driven by the guiding force to generate a deviation or displacement. 12. The writing implement according to claim 10, wherein the actuator comprises a driving member disposed in the at least one orientation between the inner tube and the outer tube, and a force resilience member provided between the driving member and an inner wall of the outer tube, the driving member is controlled by the controller, and radially moves the inner tube, so that the inner tube is driven by the guiding force to generate a deviation or displacement. 13. The writing implement according to claim 10, wherein the actuator is provided on the inner tube, the actuators are respectively connected to a central axis of the inner tube by a connecting rod, and the actuator hits an upper plate or a lower plate disposed on an inner wall of the inner tube, to generate the guiding force of rotating the inner tube with respect to the central axis. 14. The writing implement according to claim 13, wherein the guiding force generated by the actuator provided on the inner tube corresponds to the guidance of a bigger pencraft characteristic, and the guiding force generated by the another actuator provided between the inner tube and the outer tube corresponds to a smaller pencraft characteristic. 15. The writing implement according to claim 10, wherein the guiding element comprises an actuator provided on the supporting portion in a vertical position, and the actuator generates the guiding force by means of electromagnetic induction, hydraulic pressure, or pneumatic pressure to drive a piston to move axially, or generates the guiding force by means of a motor driving a screw rod to move axially, or the motor driving one of a gear and a rack to move axially. 16. The writing implement according to claim 10, wherein the guiding element comprises an actuator connected between the inner tube and the nib, and the actuator generates the guiding force by means of electromagnetic induction, hydraulic pressure, or pneumatic pressure to drive a piston to move axially, or generates the guiding force by means of a motor driving a screw rod to move axially, or the motor driving one of a gear and a rack to move axially. 17. The writing implement according to claim 1, wherein the motion sensor comprises a nib pressure sensor provided within the nib to detect a deformation amount of the nib being pressed down, wherein the controller detects a pressure of the nib being pressed down according to a feedback signal of the nib pressure sensor, to determine the words and pencraft characteristics when writing. 18. The writing implement according to claim 1, wherein the motion sensor comprises a gyroscope or a gravity sensor, and is used to detect at least one of a displacement amount, an orientation angle, and a moving velocity of the pen tube.

The present invention provides a writing implement, including a pen tube, a guiding element, a motion sensor, and a controller. An end portion of the pen tube is provided with a nib. The guiding element and the motion sensor are disposed on the pen tube, and the guiding element is controlled by the controller. In the process of writing, the motion sensor detects words and pencraft characteristics when a user holds the pen tube for writing, and the controller controls the guiding element to generate a guiding force to guide the words and pencraft characteristics when writing, to approach or be equal to words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written. Therefore, the present invention may train a user to copy the handwriting of a master or actively guide the user to wield the pen by means of the writing implement.1. A writing implement, comprising: a pen tube having an end portion provided with a nib; a guiding element; a motion sensor; and a controller, wherein the guiding element and the motion sensor are disposed on the pen tube, and the guiding element is controlled by the controller, in the process of writing, the motion sensor detects words and pencraft characteristics when a user holds the pen tube for writing, and transmits the words and pencraft characteristics to the controller, the controller performs a comparative analysis between words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written and the words and pencraft characteristics when writing according to the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written, when the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written are different from the words and pencraft characteristics when writing, the controller controls the guiding element to generate a guiding force to guide the words and pencraft characteristics when writing, to approach or be equal to the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written. 2. The writing implement according to claim 1, wherein the controller comprises a copybook data storage unit for storing words and pencraft characteristics, wherein the user directly selects the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written from the copybook data storage unit; or, the controller detects the words and pencraft characteristics according to the motion sensor, and performs comparison with the words and pencraft characteristics stored in the copybook data storage unit, the user confirms the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written; or, according to a real time analysis of the words and pencraft characteristics detected by the controller according to the motion sensor, and after performing a real time comparison with the words and pencraft characteristics stored in the copybook data storage unit, the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written are automatically determined. 3. The writing implement according to claim 2, wherein the controller further comprises a signal transmitter for transmitting and receiving signals, the signal transmitter is provided on the pen tube, wherein the signal transmitter receives a voice signal of the words prepared to be written by the user or a wireless signal transmitted by a mobile phone and a computer, and the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written is confirmed from the copybook data storage unit. 4. The writing implement according to claim 1, wherein the controller comprises a driving unit and an analysis unit, the driving unit controls the guiding element and is provided on the pen tube, and the analysis unit performs the comparative analysis between the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written and the words and pencraft characteristics when writing, the analysis unit is set on a mobile phone, a computer, a data cloud, and performs data calculation wirelessly, or the analysis unit is disposed on the pen tube. 5. The writing implement according to claim 1, wherein the guiding element comprises a plurality of actuators, the actuators are disposed in a plurality of orientations of the pen tube, and the actuator generates the guiding force in at least one of the orientations according to a difference between the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written and the words and pencraft characteristics when writing. 6. The writing implement according to claim 5, wherein the guiding element further comprises a flywheel provided on the pen tube, and the flywheel generates the guiding force in at least one of the orientations according to a difference between the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written and the words and pencraft characteristics when writing. 7. The writing implement according to claim 5, wherein the actuators are respectively connected to a central axis of the pen tube by a connecting rod, and hit an upper plate or a lower plate provided on an inner wall of the pen tube, to generate the guiding force of rotating the pen tube with respect to the central axis. 8. The writing implement according to claim 5, wherein the actuator comprises a servo motor and a plurality of counter weights, the servo motor is located on a central axis of the pen tube, the plurality of counter weights are connected to the servo motor by a connecting rod, respectively, the servo motor drives a rotation of the counter weight, and hit an upper plate or a lower plate disposed on an inner wall of the pen tube, to generate the guiding force of rotating the pen tube with respect to the central axis. 9. The writing implement according to claim 1, wherein the pen tube comprises an inner tube, an outer tube, and a supporting portion, the supporting portion is movably connected between the inner tube and the outer tube, and the inner tube generates the guiding force that inclines or displaces the inner tube under the driving of the guiding element, and the supporting portion is movably connected to the horizontal position and the vertical position between the inner tube and the outer tube, and is displaced as the inner tube is tilted. 10. The writing implement according to claim 9, wherein the guiding element comprises a plurality of actuators, and the actuator generates the guiding force in at least one orientation according to a difference between the words and pencraft characteristics prepared to be written and the words and pencraft characteristics when writing. 11. The writing implement according to claim 10, wherein the actuator comprises an inclined rack in the at least one orientation disposed between the inner tube and the outer tube, an auxiliary rack disposed on an inner wall of the outer tube, and a driving wheel engaged between the inclined rack and the auxiliary rack, the driving wheel is controlled by the controller to move along an axis of the inner tube from a thin teeth zone to a thick teeth zone of the inclined rack, and radially moves the inner tube, so that the inner tube is driven by the guiding force to generate a deviation or displacement. 12. The writing implement according to claim 10, wherein the actuator comprises a driving member disposed in the at least one orientation between the inner tube and the outer tube, and a force resilience member provided between the driving member and an inner wall of the outer tube, the driving member is controlled by the controller, and radially moves the inner tube, so that the inner tube is driven by the guiding force to generate a deviation or displacement. 13. The writing implement according to claim 10, wherein the actuator is provided on the inner tube, the actuators are respectively connected to a central axis of the inner tube by a connecting rod, and the actuator hits an upper plate or a lower plate disposed on an inner wall of the inner tube, to generate the guiding force of rotating the inner tube with respect to the central axis. 14. The writing implement according to claim 13, wherein the guiding force generated by the actuator provided on the inner tube corresponds to the guidance of a bigger pencraft characteristic, and the guiding force generated by the another actuator provided between the inner tube and the outer tube corresponds to a smaller pencraft characteristic. 15. The writing implement according to claim 10, wherein the guiding element comprises an actuator provided on the supporting portion in a vertical position, and the actuator generates the guiding force by means of electromagnetic induction, hydraulic pressure, or pneumatic pressure to drive a piston to move axially, or generates the guiding force by means of a motor driving a screw rod to move axially, or the motor driving one of a gear and a rack to move axially. 16. The writing implement according to claim 10, wherein the guiding element comprises an actuator connected between the inner tube and the nib, and the actuator generates the guiding force by means of electromagnetic induction, hydraulic pressure, or pneumatic pressure to drive a piston to move axially, or generates the guiding force by means of a motor driving a screw rod to move axially, or the motor driving one of a gear and a rack to move axially. 17. The writing implement according to claim 1, wherein the motion sensor comprises a nib pressure sensor provided within the nib to detect a deformation amount of the nib being pressed down, wherein the controller detects a pressure of the nib being pressed down according to a feedback signal of the nib pressure sensor, to determine the words and pencraft characteristics when writing. 18. The writing implement according to claim 1, wherein the motion sensor comprises a gyroscope or a gravity sensor, and is used to detect at least one of a displacement amount, an orientation angle, and a moving velocity of the pen tube.

Provided is a power supply system comprising: distributed energy resources (2) connected to a power line (L1) for feeding power from a commercial power system (10) to an important load (30); a switch (3) provided in the power line (L1) for opening and closing the power line (L1); an impedance element (4) connected in parallel to the switch (3) in the power line (L1); a voltage detection unit (5) for detecting a voltage on the commercial power system (10) side with respect to the switch (3); and a control unit (6) for releasing, when a voltage detected by the voltage detection unit (5) becomes equal to or lower than a set point, the switch (3) such that the distributed energy resources (2) and the commercial power system (10) are connected through the impedance element (4) and the distributed energy resources (2) continue operation including reverse power flow.

1. A power supply system that is provided between a commercial power system and an important load and supplies electric power to the important load, the power supply system comprising: a distributed power supply that is connected to a power line for supplying electric power from the commercial power system to the important load; a changeover switch that is provided closer to the commercial power system than to the distributed power supply in the power line and opens and closes the power line; an impedance element that is connected in parallel to the changeover switch in the power line; a system-side voltage detecting unit that detects a voltage of a part closer to the commercial power system than to the changeover switch; and a control unit that opens the changeover switch and connects the distributed power supply and the commercial power system via the impedance element when a voltage detected by the system-side voltage detecting unit becomes equal to or lower than a predetermined set value, wherein the distributed power supply continues to perform an operation including a reverse power flow in a state in which the distributed power supply and the commercial power system are connected via the impedance element, wherein the power supply system further comprises a frequency variation detecting unit that detects a frequency variation of a part closer to the commercial power system side than to the changeover switch, and wherein, when a frequency tolerance of the important load or the distributed power supply is not within a predetermined set range, the control unit opens the changeover switch and connects the distributed power supply and the commercial power system via the impedance element when the frequency variation detected by the frequency variation detecting unit is equal to or greater than the frequency tolerance and is included in the predetermined set range. 2. The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the distributed power supply continues to perform an operation including a reverse power flow within the frequency tolerance range in a state in which the distributed power supply and the commercial power system are connected via the impedance element. 3. The power supply system according to claim 2, wherein the distributed power supply continues to perform an operation including a reverse power flow within the smaller frequency tolerance range of the important load and the distributed power supply in a state in which the distributed power supply and the commercial power system are connected via the impedance element. 4. The power supply system according to claim 1, further comprising a disconnection switch that is provided closer to the commercial power system than to the distributed power supply in the power line, wherein the control unit opens the disconnection switch when the voltage detected by the system-side voltage detecting unit satisfies a predetermined disconnection condition, and wherein the distributed power supply supplies electric power to the important load in a state in which the disconnection switch is open. 5. The power supply system according to claim 4, further comprising a power-supply-side voltage detecting unit that detects a voltage of a part closer to the distributed power supply than to the disconnection switch in the power line, wherein the control unit turns on the disconnection switch when the voltage detected by the system-side voltage detecting unit satisfies the predetermined disconnection condition and the voltage detected by the system-side voltage detecting unit and the voltage detected by the power-supply-side voltage detecting unit satisfy a synchronism detection condition. 6. The power supply system according to claim 4, further comprising: a system-connection protection device that is provided closer to the commercial power system than to the disconnection switch in the power line; and a power-supply-side voltage detecting unit that detects a voltage of a part closer to the distributed power supply than to the disconnection switch in the power line; and wherein the control unit turns on the disconnection switch when the system-connection protection device is deactivated and the voltage detected by the system-side voltage detecting unit and the voltage detected by the power-supply-side voltage detecting unit satisfy a synchronism detection condition.

Provided is a power supply system comprising: distributed energy resources (2) connected to a power line (L1) for feeding power from a commercial power system (10) to an important load (30); a switch (3) provided in the power line (L1) for opening and closing the power line (L1); an impedance element (4) connected in parallel to the switch (3) in the power line (L1); a voltage detection unit (5) for detecting a voltage on the commercial power system (10) side with respect to the switch (3); and a control unit (6) for releasing, when a voltage detected by the voltage detection unit (5) becomes equal to or lower than a set point, the switch (3) such that the distributed energy resources (2) and the commercial power system (10) are connected through the impedance element (4) and the distributed energy resources (2) continue operation including reverse power flow.1. A power supply system that is provided between a commercial power system and an important load and supplies electric power to the important load, the power supply system comprising: a distributed power supply that is connected to a power line for supplying electric power from the commercial power system to the important load; a changeover switch that is provided closer to the commercial power system than to the distributed power supply in the power line and opens and closes the power line; an impedance element that is connected in parallel to the changeover switch in the power line; a system-side voltage detecting unit that detects a voltage of a part closer to the commercial power system than to the changeover switch; and a control unit that opens the changeover switch and connects the distributed power supply and the commercial power system via the impedance element when a voltage detected by the system-side voltage detecting unit becomes equal to or lower than a predetermined set value, wherein the distributed power supply continues to perform an operation including a reverse power flow in a state in which the distributed power supply and the commercial power system are connected via the impedance element, wherein the power supply system further comprises a frequency variation detecting unit that detects a frequency variation of a part closer to the commercial power system side than to the changeover switch, and wherein, when a frequency tolerance of the important load or the distributed power supply is not within a predetermined set range, the control unit opens the changeover switch and connects the distributed power supply and the commercial power system via the impedance element when the frequency variation detected by the frequency variation detecting unit is equal to or greater than the frequency tolerance and is included in the predetermined set range. 2. The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the distributed power supply continues to perform an operation including a reverse power flow within the frequency tolerance range in a state in which the distributed power supply and the commercial power system are connected via the impedance element. 3. The power supply system according to claim 2, wherein the distributed power supply continues to perform an operation including a reverse power flow within the smaller frequency tolerance range of the important load and the distributed power supply in a state in which the distributed power supply and the commercial power system are connected via the impedance element. 4. The power supply system according to claim 1, further comprising a disconnection switch that is provided closer to the commercial power system than to the distributed power supply in the power line, wherein the control unit opens the disconnection switch when the voltage detected by the system-side voltage detecting unit satisfies a predetermined disconnection condition, and wherein the distributed power supply supplies electric power to the important load in a state in which the disconnection switch is open. 5. The power supply system according to claim 4, further comprising a power-supply-side voltage detecting unit that detects a voltage of a part closer to the distributed power supply than to the disconnection switch in the power line, wherein the control unit turns on the disconnection switch when the voltage detected by the system-side voltage detecting unit satisfies the predetermined disconnection condition and the voltage detected by the system-side voltage detecting unit and the voltage detected by the power-supply-side voltage detecting unit satisfy a synchronism detection condition. 6. The power supply system according to claim 4, further comprising: a system-connection protection device that is provided closer to the commercial power system than to the disconnection switch in the power line; and a power-supply-side voltage detecting unit that detects a voltage of a part closer to the distributed power supply than to the disconnection switch in the power line; and wherein the control unit turns on the disconnection switch when the system-connection protection device is deactivated and the voltage detected by the system-side voltage detecting unit and the voltage detected by the power-supply-side voltage detecting unit satisfy a synchronism detection condition.

Disclosed is a rubber composition which comprises a rubber, fibrous carbon nanostructures and a filler, wherein, in a state where the filler is dispersed in the rubber composition, the filler is mainly present as aggregates each formed of a plurality of primary particles aggregated with each other, and the aggregates have an average maximum diameter of 100 nm or more and 1,000 nm or less.

1. A rubber composition comprising a rubber, fibrous carbon nanostructures, and a filler, wherein, in a state where the filler is dispersed in the rubber composition, the filler is mainly present as aggregates each formed of a plurality of primary particles aggregated with each other, and the aggregates have an average maximum diameter of 100 nm or more and 1,000 nm or less. 2. The rubber composition of claim 1, wherein the fibrous carbon nanostructures are contained in an amount of 0.1 parts by volume or more and 10 parts by volume or less per 100 parts by volume of the rubber. 3. The rubber composition of claim 1, wherein the filler is contained in an amount of 1 part by volume or more and 100 parts by volume or less per 100 parts by volume of the rubber. 4. The rubber composition of claim 1, wherein the fibrous carbon nanostructures comprise single-walled carbon nanotubes. 5. The rubber composition of claim 1, wherein a t-plot obtained from an adsorption isotherm of the fibrous carbon nanostructures exhibits a convex upward shape. 6. The rubber composition of claim 5, wherein a bending point of the t-plot is present in a range of 0.2≤t (nm)≤1.5. 7. The rubber composition of claim 5, wherein total specific surface area S1 and internal specific surface area S2 obtained from the t-plot satisfy 0.05 S2/S1≤0.30. 8. The rubber composition of claim 1, wherein the filler comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of carbon black and silica. 9. The rubber composition of claim 1, wherein the rubber comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of a fluororubber, a nitrile rubber, a hydrogenated nitrile rubber, and an acrylic rubber.

Disclosed is a rubber composition which comprises a rubber, fibrous carbon nanostructures and a filler, wherein, in a state where the filler is dispersed in the rubber composition, the filler is mainly present as aggregates each formed of a plurality of primary particles aggregated with each other, and the aggregates have an average maximum diameter of 100 nm or more and 1,000 nm or less.1. A rubber composition comprising a rubber, fibrous carbon nanostructures, and a filler, wherein, in a state where the filler is dispersed in the rubber composition, the filler is mainly present as aggregates each formed of a plurality of primary particles aggregated with each other, and the aggregates have an average maximum diameter of 100 nm or more and 1,000 nm or less. 2. The rubber composition of claim 1, wherein the fibrous carbon nanostructures are contained in an amount of 0.1 parts by volume or more and 10 parts by volume or less per 100 parts by volume of the rubber. 3. The rubber composition of claim 1, wherein the filler is contained in an amount of 1 part by volume or more and 100 parts by volume or less per 100 parts by volume of the rubber. 4. The rubber composition of claim 1, wherein the fibrous carbon nanostructures comprise single-walled carbon nanotubes. 5. The rubber composition of claim 1, wherein a t-plot obtained from an adsorption isotherm of the fibrous carbon nanostructures exhibits a convex upward shape. 6. The rubber composition of claim 5, wherein a bending point of the t-plot is present in a range of 0.2≤t (nm)≤1.5. 7. The rubber composition of claim 5, wherein total specific surface area S1 and internal specific surface area S2 obtained from the t-plot satisfy 0.05 S2/S1≤0.30. 8. The rubber composition of claim 1, wherein the filler comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of carbon black and silica. 9. The rubber composition of claim 1, wherein the rubber comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of a fluororubber, a nitrile rubber, a hydrogenated nitrile rubber, and an acrylic rubber.

The invention relates to a jet engine with a fixed housing in which a primary flow is formed in which incoming air is burned in at least one combustion chamber, in said housing a secondary flow being formed in which incoming air is accelerated by a fan and, said secondary flow being expelled at the outlet cone of the housing together with the exhaust gas from the combustion chamber, said fan being mounted on a main shaft rotatably about an axis and having a plurality of substantially radially-extending fan blades. According to the invention, it is proposed that at least one fan blade or a plurality of the fan blades or all fan blades have at least one air inlet channel for the primary flow which directs the air of the primary flow through the fan blade to the combustion chamber, and that at least one fan blade or a plurality of the fan blades or all fan blades each have an outlet channel with an at least partially axially- and at least partially tangentially-oriented outlet opening in order to supply the exhaust gas of the combustion chambers to the accelerated air of the secondary flow, said air-exhaust gas mixture emerging at the outlet cone of the jet engine housing, producing the thrust.

1. A jet engine with a fixed housing (11), in which a primary flow is formed, in which incoming air is burned in at least one combustion chamber (21), and in which housing (11) a secondary flow is formed, in which incoming air is accelerated by a fan and is expelled at the outlet cone (20) of the housing (11) together with the exhaust gas from the combustion chamber (21), said fan being rotatably mounted about an axis on a main shaft (16) and has a plurality of substantially radially extending fan blades (19), wherein at least one fan blade or a plurality of the fan blades (19) or all fan blades have at least one air inlet channel for the primary flow which conducts the air of the primary flow through the fan blade (19) to the combustion chamber, and that at least one fan blade or a plurality of fan blades (19) or all fan blades each have an outlet channel (26) with an at least partially axially- and at least partially tangentially-aligned outlet opening (27) in order to supply the exhaust gas from the combustion chambers (21) to the accelerated air of the secondary flow, said air-exhaust gas mixture emerging while generating thrust at the outlet cone (20) of the housing (11) of the jet engine. 2. The jet engine according to claim 1, wherein the combustion chamber (21) is disposed in a part of the housing surrounding the fan. 3. The jet engine according to claim 2, wherein the free ends (44) of the fan blades (19) open into a ring which has two circumferential openings (48, 49) and that an opening is in flow connection with the air inlet channel in the fan blade and with the air inlet opening of the combustion chamber and that the other opening is in flow connection with the outlet channel in the fan blade and the exhaust gas outlet of the combustion chamber. 4. The jet engine according to claim 3, wherein the free ends (44) of the fan blades (19) each have a circumferentially expanded first region (46) which has the opening for the air inlet flow and a second region (47) expanded in the circumferential direction which has the opening for the exhaust gas flow, said first and second regions (46, 47) having an arc-shaped contour as viewed from the front such that the respective openings of the first and second regions each form the circumferential openings (48, 49) in the installed position. 5. The jet engine according to claim 1, wherein the combustion chambers (21) are disposed in the fan blades (19). 6. The jet engine according to claim 5, wherein the combustion chambers are disposed in the outer end regions of the fan blades. 7. The jet engine according to claim 6, wherein the outer end regions of the fan blades (19) end in a circumferential fan ring (32) in which the combustion chambers are disposed. 8. The jet engine according to claim 7, wherein the outer end regions of the fan blades (19) and/or the circumferential fan ring (32) run in a circumferential annular groove (31) in the inside (30) of the outer housing wall (12) such that only the central sections of the fan blades (19) lie in the flow channel (15) of the secondary flow. 9. The jet engine according to claim 1, wherein the combustion chamber (21) is axially aligned in the outer end region of a fan blade (19) or in the part of the housing surrounding the fan. 10. The jet engine according to claim 9, wherein the combustion chamber (21) is oriented opposite to the thrust direction. 11. The jet engine according to claim 5, wherein the combustion chamber is disposed radially along a fan blade in the airfoil. 12. The jet engine according to claim 5, wherein each fan blade (19) has a combustion chamber (21). 13. The jet engine according to claim 1, wherein the inflowing air in the primary circuit is compressed by a compressor (18) upstream of the combustion chamber (21). 14. The jet engine according to claim 13, wherein the main shaft (16) drives the compressor (18) in the primary flow. 15. The jet engine according to claim 2, wherein the free ends (44) of the fan blades (19) each have a circumferentially expanded first region (46) which has the opening for the air inlet flow and a second region (47) expanded in the circumferential direction which has the opening for the exhaust gas flow, said first and second regions (46, 47) having an arc-shaped contour as viewed from the front such that the respective openings of the first and second regions each form the circumferential openings (48, 49) in the installed position. 16. The jet engine according to claim 5, wherein the outer end regions of the fan blades (19) end in a circumferential fan ring (32) in which the combustion chambers are disposed. 17. The jet engine according to claim 6, wherein the outer end regions of the fan blades (19) and/or the circumferential fan ring (32) run in a circumferential annular groove (31) in the inside (30) of the outer housing wall (12) such that only the central sections of the fan blades (19) lie in the flow channel (15) of the secondary flow. 18. The jet engine according to claim 5, wherein the outer end regions of the fan blades (19) and/or the circumferential fan ring (32) run in a circumferential annular groove (31) in the inside (30) of the outer housing wall (12) such that only the central sections of the fan blades (19) lie in the flow channel (15) of the secondary flow.

The invention relates to a jet engine with a fixed housing in which a primary flow is formed in which incoming air is burned in at least one combustion chamber, in said housing a secondary flow being formed in which incoming air is accelerated by a fan and, said secondary flow being expelled at the outlet cone of the housing together with the exhaust gas from the combustion chamber, said fan being mounted on a main shaft rotatably about an axis and having a plurality of substantially radially-extending fan blades. According to the invention, it is proposed that at least one fan blade or a plurality of the fan blades or all fan blades have at least one air inlet channel for the primary flow which directs the air of the primary flow through the fan blade to the combustion chamber, and that at least one fan blade or a plurality of the fan blades or all fan blades each have an outlet channel with an at least partially axially- and at least partially tangentially-oriented outlet opening in order to supply the exhaust gas of the combustion chambers to the accelerated air of the secondary flow, said air-exhaust gas mixture emerging at the outlet cone of the jet engine housing, producing the thrust.1. A jet engine with a fixed housing (11), in which a primary flow is formed, in which incoming air is burned in at least one combustion chamber (21), and in which housing (11) a secondary flow is formed, in which incoming air is accelerated by a fan and is expelled at the outlet cone (20) of the housing (11) together with the exhaust gas from the combustion chamber (21), said fan being rotatably mounted about an axis on a main shaft (16) and has a plurality of substantially radially extending fan blades (19), wherein at least one fan blade or a plurality of the fan blades (19) or all fan blades have at least one air inlet channel for the primary flow which conducts the air of the primary flow through the fan blade (19) to the combustion chamber, and that at least one fan blade or a plurality of fan blades (19) or all fan blades each have an outlet channel (26) with an at least partially axially- and at least partially tangentially-aligned outlet opening (27) in order to supply the exhaust gas from the combustion chambers (21) to the accelerated air of the secondary flow, said air-exhaust gas mixture emerging while generating thrust at the outlet cone (20) of the housing (11) of the jet engine. 2. The jet engine according to claim 1, wherein the combustion chamber (21) is disposed in a part of the housing surrounding the fan. 3. The jet engine according to claim 2, wherein the free ends (44) of the fan blades (19) open into a ring which has two circumferential openings (48, 49) and that an opening is in flow connection with the air inlet channel in the fan blade and with the air inlet opening of the combustion chamber and that the other opening is in flow connection with the outlet channel in the fan blade and the exhaust gas outlet of the combustion chamber. 4. The jet engine according to claim 3, wherein the free ends (44) of the fan blades (19) each have a circumferentially expanded first region (46) which has the opening for the air inlet flow and a second region (47) expanded in the circumferential direction which has the opening for the exhaust gas flow, said first and second regions (46, 47) having an arc-shaped contour as viewed from the front such that the respective openings of the first and second regions each form the circumferential openings (48, 49) in the installed position. 5. The jet engine according to claim 1, wherein the combustion chambers (21) are disposed in the fan blades (19). 6. The jet engine according to claim 5, wherein the combustion chambers are disposed in the outer end regions of the fan blades. 7. The jet engine according to claim 6, wherein the outer end regions of the fan blades (19) end in a circumferential fan ring (32) in which the combustion chambers are disposed. 8. The jet engine according to claim 7, wherein the outer end regions of the fan blades (19) and/or the circumferential fan ring (32) run in a circumferential annular groove (31) in the inside (30) of the outer housing wall (12) such that only the central sections of the fan blades (19) lie in the flow channel (15) of the secondary flow. 9. The jet engine according to claim 1, wherein the combustion chamber (21) is axially aligned in the outer end region of a fan blade (19) or in the part of the housing surrounding the fan. 10. The jet engine according to claim 9, wherein the combustion chamber (21) is oriented opposite to the thrust direction. 11. The jet engine according to claim 5, wherein the combustion chamber is disposed radially along a fan blade in the airfoil. 12. The jet engine according to claim 5, wherein each fan blade (19) has a combustion chamber (21). 13. The jet engine according to claim 1, wherein the inflowing air in the primary circuit is compressed by a compressor (18) upstream of the combustion chamber (21). 14. The jet engine according to claim 13, wherein the main shaft (16) drives the compressor (18) in the primary flow. 15. The jet engine according to claim 2, wherein the free ends (44) of the fan blades (19) each have a circumferentially expanded first region (46) which has the opening for the air inlet flow and a second region (47) expanded in the circumferential direction which has the opening for the exhaust gas flow, said first and second regions (46, 47) having an arc-shaped contour as viewed from the front such that the respective openings of the first and second regions each form the circumferential openings (48, 49) in the installed position. 16. The jet engine according to claim 5, wherein the outer end regions of the fan blades (19) end in a circumferential fan ring (32) in which the combustion chambers are disposed. 17. The jet engine according to claim 6, wherein the outer end regions of the fan blades (19) and/or the circumferential fan ring (32) run in a circumferential annular groove (31) in the inside (30) of the outer housing wall (12) such that only the central sections of the fan blades (19) lie in the flow channel (15) of the secondary flow. 18. The jet engine according to claim 5, wherein the outer end regions of the fan blades (19) and/or the circumferential fan ring (32) run in a circumferential annular groove (31) in the inside (30) of the outer housing wall (12) such that only the central sections of the fan blades (19) lie in the flow channel (15) of the secondary flow.

The present invention relates to methods and apparatuses for controlling commissioning of a network device (22) in a multi-hop network, e.g., ZigBee network, (200) of a multi-hop technology, wherein the network device (22) is a combo network device with a single-hop communication unit of a single-hop technology, e.g., Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), for establishing a point-to-point connection and a multi-hop communication unit of the multi-hop technology for communicating with other network devices (20) of the multi-hop network in the multi-hop network (200). The single-hop connection of the network device (22) for commissioning allows seamless transfer from controlling the network device (22) via the single-hop network to controlling the network device (22) via the multi-hop network via a bridge device (25), without running the risk of unnecessarily looking for open networks, having to look up and enter an access key or bringing the network device (22) close to the bridge device (25), and whilst maintaining a secure setup.

1. An apparatus for controlling addition of a network node to a multi-hop network of a multi-hop technology comprising a bridge device, the network node being a combo network device with a single-hop communication unit of a single-hop technology for establishing a point-to-point connection and a multi-hop communication unit of the multi-hop technology for communicating with other network devices of the multi-hop network, wherein the apparatus comprises: a single-hop communication unit of the single-hop technology for establishing a point-to-point connection to the network node; a trigger unit for initiating a joining procedure between the network node and the bridge device in order to add the network node to the multi-hop network of the bridge device; and a network interface for establishing a network connection to the bridge device; wherein the apparatus is adapted to use the single-hop communication unit for reading a commissioning code from the network node and to use the network interface for forwarding the read commissioning code to the bridge device and for instructing the bridge device to: send a command to network nodes of the multi-hop network to initiate a reset to a factory new state and the joining procedure if the own commissioning code of the network node matches with the received commissioning code; and initiate a search for new devices in the multi-hop network based on the commissioning code. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the trigger unit is adapted to initiate the joining procedure in response to an input operation at a user interface. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the trigger unit is adapted to initiate the joining procedure in response to a detection of a presence of the bridge device. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the multi-hop technology is ZigBee. 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the single-hop technology is Bluetooth Low Energy. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus is adapted to use the single-hop communication unit for providing network information required for joining the multi-hop network to the network node. 7. (canceled) 8. (canceled) 9. (canceled) 10. A bridge device for use in a lighting system, the lighting system comprising a commissioning device, wherein the commissioning device comprises an apparatus as claimed in claim 1, and the lighting system further comprising at least one luminaire device, the bridge device being adapted to open its multi-hop network and search for new network nodes in response to an instruction received from via the network interface; wherein the received instruction comprises the commissioning code and wherein the bridge device is adapted to: send the command to network nodes of the multi-hop network to initiate a reset to a factory new state and the joining procedure if the own commissioning code of the network node matches with the received commissioning code; and initiate the search for new devices in the multi-hop network based on the commissioning code; wherein the luminaire device comprises an apparatus for controlling addition of a network node to the multi-hop network of the multi-hop technology comprising the bridge device, the apparatus comprising: a single-hop communication unit of the single-hop technology for establishing a point-to-point connection to the commissioning device; a multi-hop communication unit of the multi-hop technology for communicating to other network devices of the multi-hop network; a parameter storage unit for setting at least a commissioning code required for a joining procedure of the network node to the multi-hop network of the bridge device; and a joining control unit adapted to initiate the joining procedure when the commissioning code, stored in the parameter storage unit, matches a commissioning code received from the multi-hop network. 11. A method of controlling addition of a network node to a multi-hop network of a multi-hop technology comprising a bridge device, the network node being a combo network device with a single-hop communication unit of a single-hop technology for establishing a point-to-point connection and a multi-hop communication unit of the multi-hop technology for communicating with other network devices of the multi-hop network, wherein the method comprises: establishing a point-to-point connection to the network node; initiating a joining procedure between the network node and the bridge device in order to add the network node to the multi-hop network of the bridge device; establishing a network connection to the bridge device; and using the point-to-point connection for reading a commissioning code from the network node and to use the network interface for forwarding the read commissioning code to the bridge device and for instructing the bridge device to: send a command to network nodes of the multi-hop network to initiate a reset to a factory new state and the joining procedure if the own commissioning code of the network node matches with the received commissioning code; and initiate a search for new devices in the multi-hop network based on the commissioning code. 12. (canceled) 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the multi-hop technology is ZigBee. 14. The method of any one of claim 11, wherein the single-hop technology is Bluetooth Low Energy. 15. A computer program product comprising code means for producing the steps of claim 11 when run on a computer device.

The present invention relates to methods and apparatuses for controlling commissioning of a network device (22) in a multi-hop network, e.g., ZigBee network, (200) of a multi-hop technology, wherein the network device (22) is a combo network device with a single-hop communication unit of a single-hop technology, e.g., Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), for establishing a point-to-point connection and a multi-hop communication unit of the multi-hop technology for communicating with other network devices (20) of the multi-hop network in the multi-hop network (200). The single-hop connection of the network device (22) for commissioning allows seamless transfer from controlling the network device (22) via the single-hop network to controlling the network device (22) via the multi-hop network via a bridge device (25), without running the risk of unnecessarily looking for open networks, having to look up and enter an access key or bringing the network device (22) close to the bridge device (25), and whilst maintaining a secure setup.1. An apparatus for controlling addition of a network node to a multi-hop network of a multi-hop technology comprising a bridge device, the network node being a combo network device with a single-hop communication unit of a single-hop technology for establishing a point-to-point connection and a multi-hop communication unit of the multi-hop technology for communicating with other network devices of the multi-hop network, wherein the apparatus comprises: a single-hop communication unit of the single-hop technology for establishing a point-to-point connection to the network node; a trigger unit for initiating a joining procedure between the network node and the bridge device in order to add the network node to the multi-hop network of the bridge device; and a network interface for establishing a network connection to the bridge device; wherein the apparatus is adapted to use the single-hop communication unit for reading a commissioning code from the network node and to use the network interface for forwarding the read commissioning code to the bridge device and for instructing the bridge device to: send a command to network nodes of the multi-hop network to initiate a reset to a factory new state and the joining procedure if the own commissioning code of the network node matches with the received commissioning code; and initiate a search for new devices in the multi-hop network based on the commissioning code. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the trigger unit is adapted to initiate the joining procedure in response to an input operation at a user interface. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the trigger unit is adapted to initiate the joining procedure in response to a detection of a presence of the bridge device. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the multi-hop technology is ZigBee. 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the single-hop technology is Bluetooth Low Energy. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus is adapted to use the single-hop communication unit for providing network information required for joining the multi-hop network to the network node. 7. (canceled) 8. (canceled) 9. (canceled) 10. A bridge device for use in a lighting system, the lighting system comprising a commissioning device, wherein the commissioning device comprises an apparatus as claimed in claim 1, and the lighting system further comprising at least one luminaire device, the bridge device being adapted to open its multi-hop network and search for new network nodes in response to an instruction received from via the network interface; wherein the received instruction comprises the commissioning code and wherein the bridge device is adapted to: send the command to network nodes of the multi-hop network to initiate a reset to a factory new state and the joining procedure if the own commissioning code of the network node matches with the received commissioning code; and initiate the search for new devices in the multi-hop network based on the commissioning code; wherein the luminaire device comprises an apparatus for controlling addition of a network node to the multi-hop network of the multi-hop technology comprising the bridge device, the apparatus comprising: a single-hop communication unit of the single-hop technology for establishing a point-to-point connection to the commissioning device; a multi-hop communication unit of the multi-hop technology for communicating to other network devices of the multi-hop network; a parameter storage unit for setting at least a commissioning code required for a joining procedure of the network node to the multi-hop network of the bridge device; and a joining control unit adapted to initiate the joining procedure when the commissioning code, stored in the parameter storage unit, matches a commissioning code received from the multi-hop network. 11. A method of controlling addition of a network node to a multi-hop network of a multi-hop technology comprising a bridge device, the network node being a combo network device with a single-hop communication unit of a single-hop technology for establishing a point-to-point connection and a multi-hop communication unit of the multi-hop technology for communicating with other network devices of the multi-hop network, wherein the method comprises: establishing a point-to-point connection to the network node; initiating a joining procedure between the network node and the bridge device in order to add the network node to the multi-hop network of the bridge device; establishing a network connection to the bridge device; and using the point-to-point connection for reading a commissioning code from the network node and to use the network interface for forwarding the read commissioning code to the bridge device and for instructing the bridge device to: send a command to network nodes of the multi-hop network to initiate a reset to a factory new state and the joining procedure if the own commissioning code of the network node matches with the received commissioning code; and initiate a search for new devices in the multi-hop network based on the commissioning code. 12. (canceled) 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the multi-hop technology is ZigBee. 14. The method of any one of claim 11, wherein the single-hop technology is Bluetooth Low Energy. 15. A computer program product comprising code means for producing the steps of claim 11 when run on a computer device.

The present invention provides a small low-profile antenna device for a vehicle, the antenna device being able to achieve bandwidth widening and increase gain in a horizontal direction by being fixed to a predetermined part of the vehicle.

1. An antenna device for a vehicle, the antenna device being fixed to a predetermined part of the vehicle and comprising at least one metal surface, wherein: a slot is formed in the metal surface with a slit provided at a part of edges of the slot, the slot having a plurality of slot ends; the slot faces a direction parallel to the ground; and a power feed unit is provided on inner edges between one of the slot ends and the slit. 2. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the slot includes a first slot end and a second slot end, the first slot end and the second slot end facing the power feed unit from opposite directions; a length from the first slot end to an open end of the slit corresponds to a resonant length of a first frequency band; a length from the open end of the slit to the power feed unit corresponds to a resonant length of a second frequency band; a length from the power feed unit to the first slot end corresponds to a resonant length of a third frequency band; and a length from the power feed unit to the second slot end corresponds to a resonant length of a fourth frequency band. 3. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 2, wherein: at least one of the first frequency band to the fourth frequency band is a frequency band for telematics. 4. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 2, wherein: at least one of the first frequency band to the third frequency band belongs to LTE Low Band; and the fourth frequency band belongs to LTE High Band. 5. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 4, wherein: an impedance circuit adapted to exhibit first impedance high enough to limit passage of a signal in LTE Low Band and exhibit second impedance lower than the first impedance in LTE High Band is interposed in an aperture in a part of the slit which borders on the slot. 6. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 5, wherein: the impedance circuit is a high-pass filter, a band-pass filter or a band-stop filter. 7. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 1, comprising a plurality of the metal surfaces placed in contact with adjacent ones of the metal surface at a predetermined angle wherein: the slot is formed across the plurality of the metal surfaces; and the power feed unit is formed on inner edges of a slot in any one of the metal surfaces. 8. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 7, wherein: a second slot adapted to transmit or receive a frequency different from the frequency to be transmitted or received by the slot is formed in the metal surface in which the slot or the slit is formed. 9. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising a pair of the slots, wherein the pair of the slots are placed in such a way as to be point-symmetrical to each other. 10. An antenna device for a vehicle, the antenna device being fixed to a predetermined part of the vehicle, the antenna device comprising: an enclosure which includes a plurality of metal surfaces, wherein a slot is formed in any of the metal surfaces with a slit provided at a part of edges of the slot, the slot having a plurality of slot ends; the slot faces a direction parallel to the ground; and a power feed unit is provided on inner edges between one of the slot ends and the slit. 11. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 10, wherein: the slot is formed across the other metal surfaces adjacent to each other. 12. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 10, wherein: the enclosure has four metal surfaces facing in directions, in a horizontal plane, different from one another; the slot is formed in two opposed ones of the four metal surfaces and a slit antenna is formed on the other two metal surfaces; and the metal surfaces operate as antennas for MIMO communication via respective own power feed units. 13. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 12, wherein: a second slot adapted to transmit or receive a frequency different from the frequency to be transmitted or received by the slot is formed in at least one of the four metal surfaces. 14. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 10, wherein: a patch antenna is placed on the enclosure. 15. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 11, wherein: the enclosure is made of resin and the metal surfaces are metal films formed on resin surfaces. 16. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 15, wherein: the enclosure is 20 mm or less in height when the metal films are formed. 17. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 10, wherein: the slot and the slit formed in the plurality of metal surfaces are linked unicursally and four or more power feed units are included. 18. An antenna device for a vehicle, the antenna device being fixed to an installation part of the vehicle and comprising an enclosure having a plurality of metal surfaces, which are vertically arranged at the installation part, enclosing a predetermined area, wherein: a slot is formed in at least one of plurality of the metal surfaces with a slit provided at a part of edges of the slot, the slot having a plurality of slot ends; the slot faces a direction parallel to the ground; a power feed unit is provided on inner edges between one of the slot ends and the slit; and an aperture in a part of the slit which borders on the slot operates as a filter for a high-frequency band. 19. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 18, wherein: the aperture exhibits first impedance in a first frequency band, and exhibits second impedance which is different from the first impedance in a second frequency band. 20. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 18, wherein: the slot is formed across the metal surfaces each of which is placed in contact with other adjacent metal surface.

The present invention provides a small low-profile antenna device for a vehicle, the antenna device being able to achieve bandwidth widening and increase gain in a horizontal direction by being fixed to a predetermined part of the vehicle.1. An antenna device for a vehicle, the antenna device being fixed to a predetermined part of the vehicle and comprising at least one metal surface, wherein: a slot is formed in the metal surface with a slit provided at a part of edges of the slot, the slot having a plurality of slot ends; the slot faces a direction parallel to the ground; and a power feed unit is provided on inner edges between one of the slot ends and the slit. 2. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the slot includes a first slot end and a second slot end, the first slot end and the second slot end facing the power feed unit from opposite directions; a length from the first slot end to an open end of the slit corresponds to a resonant length of a first frequency band; a length from the open end of the slit to the power feed unit corresponds to a resonant length of a second frequency band; a length from the power feed unit to the first slot end corresponds to a resonant length of a third frequency band; and a length from the power feed unit to the second slot end corresponds to a resonant length of a fourth frequency band. 3. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 2, wherein: at least one of the first frequency band to the fourth frequency band is a frequency band for telematics. 4. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 2, wherein: at least one of the first frequency band to the third frequency band belongs to LTE Low Band; and the fourth frequency band belongs to LTE High Band. 5. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 4, wherein: an impedance circuit adapted to exhibit first impedance high enough to limit passage of a signal in LTE Low Band and exhibit second impedance lower than the first impedance in LTE High Band is interposed in an aperture in a part of the slit which borders on the slot. 6. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 5, wherein: the impedance circuit is a high-pass filter, a band-pass filter or a band-stop filter. 7. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 1, comprising a plurality of the metal surfaces placed in contact with adjacent ones of the metal surface at a predetermined angle wherein: the slot is formed across the plurality of the metal surfaces; and the power feed unit is formed on inner edges of a slot in any one of the metal surfaces. 8. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 7, wherein: a second slot adapted to transmit or receive a frequency different from the frequency to be transmitted or received by the slot is formed in the metal surface in which the slot or the slit is formed. 9. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising a pair of the slots, wherein the pair of the slots are placed in such a way as to be point-symmetrical to each other. 10. An antenna device for a vehicle, the antenna device being fixed to a predetermined part of the vehicle, the antenna device comprising: an enclosure which includes a plurality of metal surfaces, wherein a slot is formed in any of the metal surfaces with a slit provided at a part of edges of the slot, the slot having a plurality of slot ends; the slot faces a direction parallel to the ground; and a power feed unit is provided on inner edges between one of the slot ends and the slit. 11. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 10, wherein: the slot is formed across the other metal surfaces adjacent to each other. 12. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 10, wherein: the enclosure has four metal surfaces facing in directions, in a horizontal plane, different from one another; the slot is formed in two opposed ones of the four metal surfaces and a slit antenna is formed on the other two metal surfaces; and the metal surfaces operate as antennas for MIMO communication via respective own power feed units. 13. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 12, wherein: a second slot adapted to transmit or receive a frequency different from the frequency to be transmitted or received by the slot is formed in at least one of the four metal surfaces. 14. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 10, wherein: a patch antenna is placed on the enclosure. 15. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 11, wherein: the enclosure is made of resin and the metal surfaces are metal films formed on resin surfaces. 16. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 15, wherein: the enclosure is 20 mm or less in height when the metal films are formed. 17. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 10, wherein: the slot and the slit formed in the plurality of metal surfaces are linked unicursally and four or more power feed units are included. 18. An antenna device for a vehicle, the antenna device being fixed to an installation part of the vehicle and comprising an enclosure having a plurality of metal surfaces, which are vertically arranged at the installation part, enclosing a predetermined area, wherein: a slot is formed in at least one of plurality of the metal surfaces with a slit provided at a part of edges of the slot, the slot having a plurality of slot ends; the slot faces a direction parallel to the ground; a power feed unit is provided on inner edges between one of the slot ends and the slit; and an aperture in a part of the slit which borders on the slot operates as a filter for a high-frequency band. 19. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 18, wherein: the aperture exhibits first impedance in a first frequency band, and exhibits second impedance which is different from the first impedance in a second frequency band. 20. The antenna device for a vehicle according to claim 18, wherein: the slot is formed across the metal surfaces each of which is placed in contact with other adjacent metal surface.

The invention relates a torch body for thermal joining of at least one workpiece, in particular for arc welding or arc brazing, said torch body comprising a non-consumable electrode provided in the body, in particular a tungsten electrode, for generating an arc between the electrode and the workpiece. The torch body has an end nozzle, which is devoid of potential, for discharging a shielding gas flow from a gas outlet. A secondary flow channel is provided for dividing the shielding gas flow into a main gas flow and a secondary gas flow, the secondary gas flow annularly surrounding the main gas flow at the gas outlet.

1. A torch body (10) for thermally joining at least one workpiece (11) by arc welding or arc soldering, comprising: a non-consumable electrode (1) arranged in the torch body (10) for generating an arc between the electrode (1) and the workpiece (11), and an electrically potential-free front nozzle (3) defining a gas outlet (13) through which a shielding gas stream can flow out, the front nozzle (3) comprising a center nozzle (2), a gas nozzle (4), and at least one secondary flow channel (5) to divide the shielding gas stream into a main gas flow (14) and a secondary gas flow (15), wherein the secondary gas flow (15) surrounds the main gas flow (14) at the gas outlet (13) in an annular pattern. 2. The torch body (10) according to claim 1, wherein the front nozzle defines a longitudinal axis (20) and a circumference, and wherein several secondary flow channels (5) are arranged along the circumference of the front nozzle (3) at and are at an opening angle of 10° to 30° directed outwards relative to the longitudinal axis (20) of the front nozzle (3). 3. The torch body (10) according to claim 1, wherein the electrode (1) either forms a distal end (9) of the torch body (10) facing the workpiece (11) or is substantially flush with the distal end (9) of the torch body (10). 4. The torch body (10) according to claim 1, wherein the front nozzle (2) forms a distal end (9) of the torch body (10) facing the workpiece (11), and the electrode (1) is recessed relative to the distal end (9). 5. The torch body (10) according to claim 1, wherein the electrode (1) a substantially cylindrical section (21) and/or a sharpened end (22) facing the workpiece. 6. The torch body (10) according to claim 1, further comprising a cooling element (6) adapted to cool the torch body (10), wherein the cooling element (6) has cooling channels (12) for conveying a coolant. 7. The torch body (10) according to claim 1, wherein the front nozzle (3) is configured in two parts. 8. The torch body (10) according to claim 1, further comprising an internal electric isolator (8) adapted to electrically isolate the front nozzle (3) from the electrode (1). 9. The torch body (10) according to claim 1, wherein an annular gap (17) for equalizing and guiding the secondary gas flow (15) is formed between the center nozzle (2) and the gas nozzle (4). 10. The torch body (10) according to claim 1, wherein the at least one secondary flow channel (5) is formed in the center nozzle (2). 11. The torch body (10) according to claim 9, wherein the front nozzle (3) defines a longitudinal axis (20) and a circumference, and wherein the gas nozzle (4) at least partially overlaps the center nozzle (2) at the end of the outlet opening (16) of the at least one secondary flow channel (5) forming the annular gap (17) over the circumference. 12. (canceled) 13. (canceled) 14. The torch body (10) according to claim 1, wherein a ratio of the cross section of the outlet opening (7) to the sum of the cross sections of the secondary flow channels (5) is approximately 4:5. 15. The torch body (10) according to claim 1, wherein the gas nozzle (4) is configured as a fastening nut so that it can be coupled to the center nozzle (2). 16. A torch having a torch body (10) according to claim 1. 17. A method for thermally joining at least one workpiece (11), comprising: arc welding or arc soldering using a torch body (10) with a non-consumable electrode (1) for generating an arc between the electrode (1) and the workpiece (11), surrounding the electrode (1) with a shielding gas stream that flows out of a potential-free front nozzle (3) of the torch body, wherein the shielding gas stream is divided into a main gas flow (14) that directly surrounds the electrode (1) and a secondary gas flow (15) that exits from a front end (18) of the torch body (10), and wherein the secondary gas flow (15) surrounds the main gas flow (14) at the gas outlet (13) in an annular pattern. 18. A joining device (100) for thermally joining at least one workpiece (11) by arc welding or arc soldering, comprising: a machine-controlled torch (200) for generating an arc between a non-consumable electrode (1) arranged therein and the workpiece (11), a torch changing device (300) for replacing the torch (200) with a new torch (200′), a tactile seam tracking system (900) having a position transducer (901) that is arranged so as to be movable relative to the workpiece (11) and so as to be at a certain distance from the torch (200), wherein the torch (200) is coupled to the tactile seam tracking system (900), so that movement relative to the position transducer (901) moves the torch (200) either into at least one working position (500) for thermally joining the workpiece (11) or into a replacement position (400) for replacing the torch (200) with a new torch (200′). 19. The joining device (100) according to claim 18, further comprising a movable carriage (600) to which the torch (200) is coupled. 20. The joining device (100) according to claim 19, wherein the carriage (600) is powered electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically. 21. The joining device (100) according to claim 19 wherein the carriage (600) has a torch holder (601) for holding the torch (200) and one or both of either a coupling device (602) for feeding shielding gas and a coupling device (603) for feeding coolant and welding energy. 22. The joining device (100) according to claim 18, wherein the torch (200) is locked at least in the working position (500). 23. The joining device (100) according to, claim 18, wherein the torch (200) can be moved exclusively between the working position (500) and the replacement position (400), and vice versa. 24. The joining device (100) according to claim 18, wherein the seam tracking system (900) has an outlet opening (902) through which a filler material (700) for arc soldering or arc welding and/or additional shielding gas can be dispensed. 25. The joining device (100) according to claim 18, wherein a distal end (903) of the tactile seam tracking system (900) is positioned at or near a front end (201) of the torch (200).

The invention relates a torch body for thermal joining of at least one workpiece, in particular for arc welding or arc brazing, said torch body comprising a non-consumable electrode provided in the body, in particular a tungsten electrode, for generating an arc between the electrode and the workpiece. The torch body has an end nozzle, which is devoid of potential, for discharging a shielding gas flow from a gas outlet. A secondary flow channel is provided for dividing the shielding gas flow into a main gas flow and a secondary gas flow, the secondary gas flow annularly surrounding the main gas flow at the gas outlet.1. A torch body (10) for thermally joining at least one workpiece (11) by arc welding or arc soldering, comprising: a non-consumable electrode (1) arranged in the torch body (10) for generating an arc between the electrode (1) and the workpiece (11), and an electrically potential-free front nozzle (3) defining a gas outlet (13) through which a shielding gas stream can flow out, the front nozzle (3) comprising a center nozzle (2), a gas nozzle (4), and at least one secondary flow channel (5) to divide the shielding gas stream into a main gas flow (14) and a secondary gas flow (15), wherein the secondary gas flow (15) surrounds the main gas flow (14) at the gas outlet (13) in an annular pattern. 2. The torch body (10) according to claim 1, wherein the front nozzle defines a longitudinal axis (20) and a circumference, and wherein several secondary flow channels (5) are arranged along the circumference of the front nozzle (3) at and are at an opening angle of 10° to 30° directed outwards relative to the longitudinal axis (20) of the front nozzle (3). 3. The torch body (10) according to claim 1, wherein the electrode (1) either forms a distal end (9) of the torch body (10) facing the workpiece (11) or is substantially flush with the distal end (9) of the torch body (10). 4. The torch body (10) according to claim 1, wherein the front nozzle (2) forms a distal end (9) of the torch body (10) facing the workpiece (11), and the electrode (1) is recessed relative to the distal end (9). 5. The torch body (10) according to claim 1, wherein the electrode (1) a substantially cylindrical section (21) and/or a sharpened end (22) facing the workpiece. 6. The torch body (10) according to claim 1, further comprising a cooling element (6) adapted to cool the torch body (10), wherein the cooling element (6) has cooling channels (12) for conveying a coolant. 7. The torch body (10) according to claim 1, wherein the front nozzle (3) is configured in two parts. 8. The torch body (10) according to claim 1, further comprising an internal electric isolator (8) adapted to electrically isolate the front nozzle (3) from the electrode (1). 9. The torch body (10) according to claim 1, wherein an annular gap (17) for equalizing and guiding the secondary gas flow (15) is formed between the center nozzle (2) and the gas nozzle (4). 10. The torch body (10) according to claim 1, wherein the at least one secondary flow channel (5) is formed in the center nozzle (2). 11. The torch body (10) according to claim 9, wherein the front nozzle (3) defines a longitudinal axis (20) and a circumference, and wherein the gas nozzle (4) at least partially overlaps the center nozzle (2) at the end of the outlet opening (16) of the at least one secondary flow channel (5) forming the annular gap (17) over the circumference. 12. (canceled) 13. (canceled) 14. The torch body (10) according to claim 1, wherein a ratio of the cross section of the outlet opening (7) to the sum of the cross sections of the secondary flow channels (5) is approximately 4:5. 15. The torch body (10) according to claim 1, wherein the gas nozzle (4) is configured as a fastening nut so that it can be coupled to the center nozzle (2). 16. A torch having a torch body (10) according to claim 1. 17. A method for thermally joining at least one workpiece (11), comprising: arc welding or arc soldering using a torch body (10) with a non-consumable electrode (1) for generating an arc between the electrode (1) and the workpiece (11), surrounding the electrode (1) with a shielding gas stream that flows out of a potential-free front nozzle (3) of the torch body, wherein the shielding gas stream is divided into a main gas flow (14) that directly surrounds the electrode (1) and a secondary gas flow (15) that exits from a front end (18) of the torch body (10), and wherein the secondary gas flow (15) surrounds the main gas flow (14) at the gas outlet (13) in an annular pattern. 18. A joining device (100) for thermally joining at least one workpiece (11) by arc welding or arc soldering, comprising: a machine-controlled torch (200) for generating an arc between a non-consumable electrode (1) arranged therein and the workpiece (11), a torch changing device (300) for replacing the torch (200) with a new torch (200′), a tactile seam tracking system (900) having a position transducer (901) that is arranged so as to be movable relative to the workpiece (11) and so as to be at a certain distance from the torch (200), wherein the torch (200) is coupled to the tactile seam tracking system (900), so that movement relative to the position transducer (901) moves the torch (200) either into at least one working position (500) for thermally joining the workpiece (11) or into a replacement position (400) for replacing the torch (200) with a new torch (200′). 19. The joining device (100) according to claim 18, further comprising a movable carriage (600) to which the torch (200) is coupled. 20. The joining device (100) according to claim 19, wherein the carriage (600) is powered electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically. 21. The joining device (100) according to claim 19 wherein the carriage (600) has a torch holder (601) for holding the torch (200) and one or both of either a coupling device (602) for feeding shielding gas and a coupling device (603) for feeding coolant and welding energy. 22. The joining device (100) according to claim 18, wherein the torch (200) is locked at least in the working position (500). 23. The joining device (100) according to, claim 18, wherein the torch (200) can be moved exclusively between the working position (500) and the replacement position (400), and vice versa. 24. The joining device (100) according to claim 18, wherein the seam tracking system (900) has an outlet opening (902) through which a filler material (700) for arc soldering or arc welding and/or additional shielding gas can be dispensed. 25. The joining device (100) according to claim 18, wherein a distal end (903) of the tactile seam tracking system (900) is positioned at or near a front end (201) of the torch (200).

A system for performing underwater earthworks, the system including a power pack situated outside the water, at least one submersible operating unit for performing underwater earthworks, wherein the operating unit is connected with the power pack through power supply means, and a control unit connected via data communication means with the power pack and the operating unit and with instrumentation indicating location and depth of the operating unit.

1. A system for performing underwater earthworks, said system comprising: a power pack situated outside the water; at least one submersible operating unit for performing underwater earthworks, wherein said operating unit is connected with said power pack through power supply means; and a control unit connected via data communication means with said power pack and said operating unit and with instrumentation indicating location and depth of said operating unit. 2. A system according to claim 1 wherein said submersible operating unit comprises an excavator. 3. A system according to claim 1 further comprising a barge on which said power pack is installed. 4. A system according to claim 1 further comprising a barge on which said control unit is installed. 5. A system according to claim 1 wherein said control unit is installed on said operating unit. 6. A system according to claim 1 further comprising a positioning unit. 7. A system according to claim 6 wherein said positioning unit comprises a GPS unit. 8. A system according to claim 1 further comprising a depth monitoring unit. 9. A system according to claim 1 further comprising a camera for viewing the work site. 10. A system according to claim 1 wherein said control unit comprises a display screen. 11. A system according to claim 1 further comprising a sonar. 12. A system according to claim 1 wherein said power pack supplies electrical power. 13. A system according to claim 1 wherein said power pack supplies hydraulic power. 14. A system according to claim 1 wherein said power pack supplies mechanical power. 15. A system according to claim 1 further comprising a communication systems to communicate between said power pack, said control unit, and said operating unit. 16. A system according to claim 15 wherein said communications system comprises wireless communications. 17. A system according to claim 15 wherein said communications system comprises wired communications. 18. A method for performing underwater earthworks, said method comprising: situating at least one operating unit underwater; connecting said at least one operating unit to a power pack through a power supply means; connecting said operating unit and said power pack to a control unit; connecting instrumentation with the control unit for determining and monitoring location and depth of the operating unit; and monitoring and controlling the operation of said power pack, and said operating unit through utilizing said control unit. 19. A method according to claim 18 further comprising installing said power pack on a barge. 20. A method according to claim 18 further comprising installing said control unit on a barge.

A system for performing underwater earthworks, the system including a power pack situated outside the water, at least one submersible operating unit for performing underwater earthworks, wherein the operating unit is connected with the power pack through power supply means, and a control unit connected via data communication means with the power pack and the operating unit and with instrumentation indicating location and depth of the operating unit.1. A system for performing underwater earthworks, said system comprising: a power pack situated outside the water; at least one submersible operating unit for performing underwater earthworks, wherein said operating unit is connected with said power pack through power supply means; and a control unit connected via data communication means with said power pack and said operating unit and with instrumentation indicating location and depth of said operating unit. 2. A system according to claim 1 wherein said submersible operating unit comprises an excavator. 3. A system according to claim 1 further comprising a barge on which said power pack is installed. 4. A system according to claim 1 further comprising a barge on which said control unit is installed. 5. A system according to claim 1 wherein said control unit is installed on said operating unit. 6. A system according to claim 1 further comprising a positioning unit. 7. A system according to claim 6 wherein said positioning unit comprises a GPS unit. 8. A system according to claim 1 further comprising a depth monitoring unit. 9. A system according to claim 1 further comprising a camera for viewing the work site. 10. A system according to claim 1 wherein said control unit comprises a display screen. 11. A system according to claim 1 further comprising a sonar. 12. A system according to claim 1 wherein said power pack supplies electrical power. 13. A system according to claim 1 wherein said power pack supplies hydraulic power. 14. A system according to claim 1 wherein said power pack supplies mechanical power. 15. A system according to claim 1 further comprising a communication systems to communicate between said power pack, said control unit, and said operating unit. 16. A system according to claim 15 wherein said communications system comprises wireless communications. 17. A system according to claim 15 wherein said communications system comprises wired communications. 18. A method for performing underwater earthworks, said method comprising: situating at least one operating unit underwater; connecting said at least one operating unit to a power pack through a power supply means; connecting said operating unit and said power pack to a control unit; connecting instrumentation with the control unit for determining and monitoring location and depth of the operating unit; and monitoring and controlling the operation of said power pack, and said operating unit through utilizing said control unit. 19. A method according to claim 18 further comprising installing said power pack on a barge. 20. A method according to claim 18 further comprising installing said control unit on a barge.

A household appliance includes a circuit component, a temperature detector embodied as an IR detector and configured to sense a temperature of the circuit component, and a control facility coupled to the temperature detector and configured to actuate the circuit component and to actuate the household appliance on the basis of temperature measurement data measured by the temperature detector.

1-16. (canceled) 17. A household appliance, comprising: a circuit component; a temperature detector embodied as an IR detector and configured to sense a temperature of the circuit component; and a control facility coupled to the temperature detector and configured to actuate the circuit component and to actuate the household appliance on the basis of temperature measurement data measured by the temperature detector. 18. The household appliance of claim 17, wherein the control facility is configured to trigger an action in response to an occurrence of an event as determined by the temperature measurement data. 19. The household appliance of claim 17, wherein the circuit component is an HF component which is detectable by the IR detector. 20. The household appliance of claim 19, constructed in the form of a microwave appliance, said HF component being embodied as a microwave component. 21. The household appliance of claim 17, wherein the IR detector includes an IR sensor, which is oriented toward the circuit component. 22. The household appliance of claim 17, wherein the IR detector is spaced apart from the circuit component. 23. The household appliance of claim 17, wherein the IR detector includes an IR sensor and an IR light waveguide, said circuit component emitting IR light which passes through the IR light waveguide and falls on the IR sensor. 24. The household appliance of claim 23, wherein the IR light waveguide touches the circuit component, with the IR sensor sensing the circuit component. 25. The household appliance of claim 18, wherein the action comprises a reduction of a power fed to the circuit component. 26. The household appliance of claim 18, wherein the action comprises a change in at least one HF parameter. 27. The household appliance of claim 18, wherein the control facility is configured to identify as the occurrence of the event a temperature-critical operation of the circuit component so as to trigger the action. 28. The household appliance of claim 27, wherein the temperature-critical operation comprises a predefined threshold value being reached or exceeded by a temporal temperature gradient. 29. The household appliance of claim 27, wherein the temperature-critical operation comprises a predefined threshold value being reached or exceeded by a temperature. 30. The household appliance of claim 17, constructed in the form of a microwave cooking appliance, which comprises a solid-state amplifier with an HF transistor which forms the circuit component, said control facility being configured to trigger in response to an occurrence of an event as determined by the measured temperature measurement data an action which leads to a reduction of a temperature at the HF transistor. 31. The household appliance of claim 30, constructed such as to be without a circulator, without an end load, without a measuring facility for measuring a reflected microwave radiation and/or without a feedthrough network. 32. A method for operating a household appliance, comprising: sensing a temperature of a circuit component of the household appliance by an IR detector; and actuating by a control facility the household appliance in response to the temperature as sensed by the IR detector and transferred by the IR detector to the control facility.

A household appliance includes a circuit component, a temperature detector embodied as an IR detector and configured to sense a temperature of the circuit component, and a control facility coupled to the temperature detector and configured to actuate the circuit component and to actuate the household appliance on the basis of temperature measurement data measured by the temperature detector.1-16. (canceled) 17. A household appliance, comprising: a circuit component; a temperature detector embodied as an IR detector and configured to sense a temperature of the circuit component; and a control facility coupled to the temperature detector and configured to actuate the circuit component and to actuate the household appliance on the basis of temperature measurement data measured by the temperature detector. 18. The household appliance of claim 17, wherein the control facility is configured to trigger an action in response to an occurrence of an event as determined by the temperature measurement data. 19. The household appliance of claim 17, wherein the circuit component is an HF component which is detectable by the IR detector. 20. The household appliance of claim 19, constructed in the form of a microwave appliance, said HF component being embodied as a microwave component. 21. The household appliance of claim 17, wherein the IR detector includes an IR sensor, which is oriented toward the circuit component. 22. The household appliance of claim 17, wherein the IR detector is spaced apart from the circuit component. 23. The household appliance of claim 17, wherein the IR detector includes an IR sensor and an IR light waveguide, said circuit component emitting IR light which passes through the IR light waveguide and falls on the IR sensor. 24. The household appliance of claim 23, wherein the IR light waveguide touches the circuit component, with the IR sensor sensing the circuit component. 25. The household appliance of claim 18, wherein the action comprises a reduction of a power fed to the circuit component. 26. The household appliance of claim 18, wherein the action comprises a change in at least one HF parameter. 27. The household appliance of claim 18, wherein the control facility is configured to identify as the occurrence of the event a temperature-critical operation of the circuit component so as to trigger the action. 28. The household appliance of claim 27, wherein the temperature-critical operation comprises a predefined threshold value being reached or exceeded by a temporal temperature gradient. 29. The household appliance of claim 27, wherein the temperature-critical operation comprises a predefined threshold value being reached or exceeded by a temperature. 30. The household appliance of claim 17, constructed in the form of a microwave cooking appliance, which comprises a solid-state amplifier with an HF transistor which forms the circuit component, said control facility being configured to trigger in response to an occurrence of an event as determined by the measured temperature measurement data an action which leads to a reduction of a temperature at the HF transistor. 31. The household appliance of claim 30, constructed such as to be without a circulator, without an end load, without a measuring facility for measuring a reflected microwave radiation and/or without a feedthrough network. 32. A method for operating a household appliance, comprising: sensing a temperature of a circuit component of the household appliance by an IR detector; and actuating by a control facility the household appliance in response to the temperature as sensed by the IR detector and transferred by the IR detector to the control facility.

A press die for a pressing tool for pressing round tubular sections of at least two workpieces has a through-hole with a circumferential die surface. It includes at least two die parts. Each of the at least two die parts comprises a circumferential section of the through-hole. At least one of the die parts comprises a round target contour over at least one region of the associated circumferential section of the through-hole. At least one other die part comprises a contour deviating from the round target contour over at least one region of the associated circumferential section of the through-hole. Thus, the circumferential sections of the through-hole associated with the at least two die parts are asymmetrical relative to each other with respect to a chord formed by the associated circumferential section of the through-hole.

1.-19. (canceled) 20. A press die (1) for a pressing tool (100) for pressing round tubular sections of at least two workpieces, comprising: a front side (2); a rear side (3); and a through-hole (4) extending from the front side (2) to the rear side (3), the through-hole (4) comprising a front opening (5) on the front side (2), a rear opening (6) on the rear side (3), and a circumferential surface (7), which is formed as a die surface, wherein the press die (1) is constructed of multiple parts including at least two die parts (8, 9) and comprises two closing points (10, 11), wherein each of the closing points (10, 11) is formed by mutually associated end faces (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2) of mutually adjacent die parts (8, 9) of the at least two die parts (8, 9), and wherein each of the at least two die parts (8, 9) comprises a circumferential section of the through-hole (4), such that, in a closed position (A) of the at least two die parts (8, 9) at the closing points (10, 11), the circumferential surface (7) of the through-hole (4) is assembled on the circumference, wherein at least one of the at least two die parts (8, 9) comprises a round target contour (8.3) over at least one subsection (8.4) of an associated circumferential section of the through-hole (4) and at least one other die part (9) of the at least two die parts comprises a contour (9.3) deviating from the round target contour (8.3) over at least one other subsection (9.4) of the associated circumferential section of the through-hole (4), such that the circumferential sections of the through-hole (4) associated with the at least two die parts (8, 9) are asymmetrical relative to each other with respect to a chord (8.7, 9.7) formed by an associated circumferential section of the through-hole (4). 21. The press die according to claim 20, wherein the contour (9.3) deviating from the round target contour (8.3) is straight. 22. The press die according to claim 20, wherein the contour (9.3) deviating from the round target contour (8.3) forms at least one side of a polygon, and wherein at least one part of the polygon forms the circumferential section of the through-hole (4), which is enclosed by the at least one other die part (9). 23. The press die according to claim 22, wherein the polygon is a hexagon and the circumferential section of the through-hole (4) formed by the at least one other die part (9) at least partially comprises at least three sides of the hexagon. 24. The press die according to claim 20, wherein the round target contour (8.3) is interrupted by an area (8.5) with an additional contour (8.8) deviating from the round target contour (8.3). 25. The press die according to claim 24, wherein the additional contour (8.8) deviating from the round target contour (8.3) is straight and is arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the chord (8.7) of the associated at least one die part (8). 26. The press die according to claim 20, wherein the at least one subsection (8.4) adjoins one of the mutually associated end faces (8.1, 8.2) of the at least one die part (8), and wherein the at least one other subsection (9.4) adjoins the corresponding end face (9.1) of the at least one other die part (9). 27. The press die according to claim 20, wherein the round target contour (8.3) of the at least one die part (8) and the contour (9.3) of the at least one other die part deviating from the round target contour (8.3) are provided in an area of the front opening (5) of the press die (1) and wherein in an area of the rear opening (6) of the press die (1) a formation of the at least one die part (8) and the at least one other die part (9) is reversed with respect to a formation in the area of the front opening (5). 28. The press die according to claim 27, wherein the at least two die parts (8, 9) between the area of the front opening (5) and the area of the rear opening (6) contain a groove-shaped recess (12) in the respective circumferential section of the through-hole (4) on the circumference. 29. The press die according to claim 27, wherein the at least one die part (8) and the at least one other die part (9) are common parts. 30. A press die (1.1) for a pressing tool (100) for pressing round tubular sections of at least two workpieces, comprising: a front side (2); a rear side (3); and a through-hole (4) extending from the front side (2) to the rear side (3), the through-hole (4) comprising a front opening (5) on the front side (2), a rear opening (6) on the rear side (3), and a circumferential surface (7), which is formed as a die surface, wherein the press die (1.1) is constructed of multiple parts including at least three die parts (28, 29, 30) and comprises at least three closing points (12, 13, 14), wherein each of the at least closing points (12, 13, 14) is formed by mutually associated end faces (28.2, 29.1; 29.2, 30.1; 30.2, 28.1) of mutually adjacent die parts (28, 29; 29, 30; 30, 28) of the at least three die parts (28, 29, 30) adjacent to each other, and wherein each of the at least three die parts (28, 29, 30) comprises a circumferential section of the through-hole (4), such that, in a closed position (A) of the at least three die parts (28, 29, 30) at the at least three closing points (12, 13, 14), the circumferential surface (7) of the through-hole (4) is assembled on the circumference, wherein at least one of the die parts (28, 29, 30) comprises the round target contour (28.3) over at least one subsection (28.4) of the associated circumferential section of the through-hole (4) and at least one other of the die parts (28, 29, 30) comprises the contour (29.3) deviating from the round target contour (28.3) over at least one subsection (29.4) of the associated circumferential section of the through-hole (4), such that the circumferential sections of the through-hole (4) associated with the at least three die parts (28, 29, 30) are asymmetrical relative to each other with respect to a chord (28.7, 29.7, 30.7) formed by the associated circumferential section. 31. The press die according to claim 30, wherein the at least one die part (28) comprises the round target contour (28.3), and each of at least two other of the die parts (28, 29, 30) comprises the contour (29.3, 30.3) deviating from the round target contour (28.3). 32. A press die (1) for a pressing tool (100) for pressing round tubular sections of at least two workpieces, comprising: a front side (2); a rear side (3); and a through-hole (4) extending from the front side (2) to the rear side (3), the through-hole (4) comprising a front opening (5) on the front side (2), a rear opening (6) on the rear side (3), and a circumferential surface (7), which is formed as a die surface, wherein the press die (1) is constructed in several parts including at least two die parts (8, 9) and comprises at least two closing points (10, 11), wherein each of the at least two closing points (10, 11) is closed by mutually associated end faces (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2) of mutually adjacent die parts (8, 9) of the at least two die parts (8, 9), and wherein each of the at least two die parts (8, 9) comprises a circumferential section of the through-hole (4) over a circumferential angle (α1, α2), such that, in a closed position (A) of the at least two die parts (8, 9) at the at least two closing points (10, 11), the circumferential surface (7) of the through-hole (4) is assembled on the circumference, wherein, with at least one of the die parts (8, 9) on a predominant part of the circumferential angle (α1), the associated circumferential section has a contour (8.3) with an essentially uniform angle-related circumferential length and, on a remaining part of the associated circumferential angle (α1), a proportionally greater circumferential length is formed. 33. The press die according to claim 32, wherein the circumferential length formed across the die parts (8, 9) is proportional to the circumferential angle (α1, α2) occupied by the respective die part (8, 9). 34. The press die according to claim 32, wherein adjoining the at least one die part (8) is a die part (9), with which the angle-related circumferential length varies over the associated circumferential angle (α2). 35. A pressing tool (100) for pressing round tubular sections of at least two workpieces, wherein the pressing tool (100) comprises the press die (1; 1.1; 1.2) according to claim 20. 36. A method for producing a press connection of round tubular sections of at least two workpieces, comprising the steps: i) providing the pressing tool (100) according to claim 35; ii) sliding the round tubular sections of the workpieces into each other over an axial overlap area; and iii) pressing the round tubular sections in the axial overlap area by means of the pressing tool (100).

A press die for a pressing tool for pressing round tubular sections of at least two workpieces has a through-hole with a circumferential die surface. It includes at least two die parts. Each of the at least two die parts comprises a circumferential section of the through-hole. At least one of the die parts comprises a round target contour over at least one region of the associated circumferential section of the through-hole. At least one other die part comprises a contour deviating from the round target contour over at least one region of the associated circumferential section of the through-hole. Thus, the circumferential sections of the through-hole associated with the at least two die parts are asymmetrical relative to each other with respect to a chord formed by the associated circumferential section of the through-hole.1.-19. (canceled) 20. A press die (1) for a pressing tool (100) for pressing round tubular sections of at least two workpieces, comprising: a front side (2); a rear side (3); and a through-hole (4) extending from the front side (2) to the rear side (3), the through-hole (4) comprising a front opening (5) on the front side (2), a rear opening (6) on the rear side (3), and a circumferential surface (7), which is formed as a die surface, wherein the press die (1) is constructed of multiple parts including at least two die parts (8, 9) and comprises two closing points (10, 11), wherein each of the closing points (10, 11) is formed by mutually associated end faces (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2) of mutually adjacent die parts (8, 9) of the at least two die parts (8, 9), and wherein each of the at least two die parts (8, 9) comprises a circumferential section of the through-hole (4), such that, in a closed position (A) of the at least two die parts (8, 9) at the closing points (10, 11), the circumferential surface (7) of the through-hole (4) is assembled on the circumference, wherein at least one of the at least two die parts (8, 9) comprises a round target contour (8.3) over at least one subsection (8.4) of an associated circumferential section of the through-hole (4) and at least one other die part (9) of the at least two die parts comprises a contour (9.3) deviating from the round target contour (8.3) over at least one other subsection (9.4) of the associated circumferential section of the through-hole (4), such that the circumferential sections of the through-hole (4) associated with the at least two die parts (8, 9) are asymmetrical relative to each other with respect to a chord (8.7, 9.7) formed by an associated circumferential section of the through-hole (4). 21. The press die according to claim 20, wherein the contour (9.3) deviating from the round target contour (8.3) is straight. 22. The press die according to claim 20, wherein the contour (9.3) deviating from the round target contour (8.3) forms at least one side of a polygon, and wherein at least one part of the polygon forms the circumferential section of the through-hole (4), which is enclosed by the at least one other die part (9). 23. The press die according to claim 22, wherein the polygon is a hexagon and the circumferential section of the through-hole (4) formed by the at least one other die part (9) at least partially comprises at least three sides of the hexagon. 24. The press die according to claim 20, wherein the round target contour (8.3) is interrupted by an area (8.5) with an additional contour (8.8) deviating from the round target contour (8.3). 25. The press die according to claim 24, wherein the additional contour (8.8) deviating from the round target contour (8.3) is straight and is arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the chord (8.7) of the associated at least one die part (8). 26. The press die according to claim 20, wherein the at least one subsection (8.4) adjoins one of the mutually associated end faces (8.1, 8.2) of the at least one die part (8), and wherein the at least one other subsection (9.4) adjoins the corresponding end face (9.1) of the at least one other die part (9). 27. The press die according to claim 20, wherein the round target contour (8.3) of the at least one die part (8) and the contour (9.3) of the at least one other die part deviating from the round target contour (8.3) are provided in an area of the front opening (5) of the press die (1) and wherein in an area of the rear opening (6) of the press die (1) a formation of the at least one die part (8) and the at least one other die part (9) is reversed with respect to a formation in the area of the front opening (5). 28. The press die according to claim 27, wherein the at least two die parts (8, 9) between the area of the front opening (5) and the area of the rear opening (6) contain a groove-shaped recess (12) in the respective circumferential section of the through-hole (4) on the circumference. 29. The press die according to claim 27, wherein the at least one die part (8) and the at least one other die part (9) are common parts. 30. A press die (1.1) for a pressing tool (100) for pressing round tubular sections of at least two workpieces, comprising: a front side (2); a rear side (3); and a through-hole (4) extending from the front side (2) to the rear side (3), the through-hole (4) comprising a front opening (5) on the front side (2), a rear opening (6) on the rear side (3), and a circumferential surface (7), which is formed as a die surface, wherein the press die (1.1) is constructed of multiple parts including at least three die parts (28, 29, 30) and comprises at least three closing points (12, 13, 14), wherein each of the at least closing points (12, 13, 14) is formed by mutually associated end faces (28.2, 29.1; 29.2, 30.1; 30.2, 28.1) of mutually adjacent die parts (28, 29; 29, 30; 30, 28) of the at least three die parts (28, 29, 30) adjacent to each other, and wherein each of the at least three die parts (28, 29, 30) comprises a circumferential section of the through-hole (4), such that, in a closed position (A) of the at least three die parts (28, 29, 30) at the at least three closing points (12, 13, 14), the circumferential surface (7) of the through-hole (4) is assembled on the circumference, wherein at least one of the die parts (28, 29, 30) comprises the round target contour (28.3) over at least one subsection (28.4) of the associated circumferential section of the through-hole (4) and at least one other of the die parts (28, 29, 30) comprises the contour (29.3) deviating from the round target contour (28.3) over at least one subsection (29.4) of the associated circumferential section of the through-hole (4), such that the circumferential sections of the through-hole (4) associated with the at least three die parts (28, 29, 30) are asymmetrical relative to each other with respect to a chord (28.7, 29.7, 30.7) formed by the associated circumferential section. 31. The press die according to claim 30, wherein the at least one die part (28) comprises the round target contour (28.3), and each of at least two other of the die parts (28, 29, 30) comprises the contour (29.3, 30.3) deviating from the round target contour (28.3). 32. A press die (1) for a pressing tool (100) for pressing round tubular sections of at least two workpieces, comprising: a front side (2); a rear side (3); and a through-hole (4) extending from the front side (2) to the rear side (3), the through-hole (4) comprising a front opening (5) on the front side (2), a rear opening (6) on the rear side (3), and a circumferential surface (7), which is formed as a die surface, wherein the press die (1) is constructed in several parts including at least two die parts (8, 9) and comprises at least two closing points (10, 11), wherein each of the at least two closing points (10, 11) is closed by mutually associated end faces (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2) of mutually adjacent die parts (8, 9) of the at least two die parts (8, 9), and wherein each of the at least two die parts (8, 9) comprises a circumferential section of the through-hole (4) over a circumferential angle (α1, α2), such that, in a closed position (A) of the at least two die parts (8, 9) at the at least two closing points (10, 11), the circumferential surface (7) of the through-hole (4) is assembled on the circumference, wherein, with at least one of the die parts (8, 9) on a predominant part of the circumferential angle (α1), the associated circumferential section has a contour (8.3) with an essentially uniform angle-related circumferential length and, on a remaining part of the associated circumferential angle (α1), a proportionally greater circumferential length is formed. 33. The press die according to claim 32, wherein the circumferential length formed across the die parts (8, 9) is proportional to the circumferential angle (α1, α2) occupied by the respective die part (8, 9). 34. The press die according to claim 32, wherein adjoining the at least one die part (8) is a die part (9), with which the angle-related circumferential length varies over the associated circumferential angle (α2). 35. A pressing tool (100) for pressing round tubular sections of at least two workpieces, wherein the pressing tool (100) comprises the press die (1; 1.1; 1.2) according to claim 20. 36. A method for producing a press connection of round tubular sections of at least two workpieces, comprising the steps: i) providing the pressing tool (100) according to claim 35; ii) sliding the round tubular sections of the workpieces into each other over an axial overlap area; and iii) pressing the round tubular sections in the axial overlap area by means of the pressing tool (100).

A press die for a pressing tool for pressing round tubular sections of at least two workpieces has a through-hole with a circumferential die surface. It includes at least two die parts. Each of the at least two die parts comprises a circumferential section of the through-hole. At least one of the die parts comprises a round target contour over at least one region of the associated circumferential section of the through-hole. At least one other die part comprises a contour deviating from the round target contour over at least one region of the associated circumferential section of the through-hole. Thus, the circumferential sections of the through-hole associated with the at least two die parts are asymmetrical relative to each other with respect to a chord formed by the associated circumferential section of the through-hole.

1.-19. (canceled) 20. A press die (1) for a pressing tool (100) for pressing round tubular sections of at least two workpieces, comprising: a front side (2); a rear side (3); and a through-hole (4) extending from the front side (2) to the rear side (3), the through-hole (4) comprising a front opening (5) on the front side (2), a rear opening (6) on the rear side (3), and a circumferential surface (7), which is formed as a die surface, wherein the press die (1) is constructed of multiple parts including at least two die parts (8, 9) and comprises two closing points (10, 11), wherein each of the closing points (10, 11) is formed by mutually associated end faces (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2) of mutually adjacent die parts (8, 9) of the at least two die parts (8, 9), and wherein each of the at least two die parts (8, 9) comprises a circumferential section of the through-hole (4), such that, in a closed position (A) of the at least two die parts (8, 9) at the closing points (10, 11), the circumferential surface (7) of the through-hole (4) is assembled on the circumference, wherein at least one of the at least two die parts (8, 9) comprises a round target contour (8.3) over at least one subsection (8.4) of an associated circumferential section of the through-hole (4) and at least one other die part (9) of the at least two die parts comprises a contour (9.3) deviating from the round target contour (8.3) over at least one other subsection (9.4) of the associated circumferential section of the through-hole (4), such that the circumferential sections of the through-hole (4) associated with the at least two die parts (8, 9) are asymmetrical relative to each other with respect to a chord (8.7, 9.7) formed by an associated circumferential section of the through-hole (4). 21. The press die according to claim 20, wherein the contour (9.3) deviating from the round target contour (8.3) is straight. 22. The press die according to claim 20, wherein the contour (9.3) deviating from the round target contour (8.3) forms at least one side of a polygon, and wherein at least one part of the polygon forms the circumferential section of the through-hole (4), which is enclosed by the at least one other die part (9). 23. The press die according to claim 22, wherein the polygon is a hexagon and the circumferential section of the through-hole (4) formed by the at least one other die part (9) at least partially comprises at least three sides of the hexagon. 24. The press die according to claim 20, wherein the round target contour (8.3) is interrupted by an area (8.5) with an additional contour (8.8) deviating from the round target contour (8.3). 25. The press die according to claim 24, wherein the additional contour (8.8) deviating from the round target contour (8.3) is straight and is arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the chord (8.7) of the associated at least one die part (8). 26. The press die according to claim 20, wherein the at least one subsection (8.4) adjoins one of the mutually associated end faces (8.1, 8.2) of the at least one die part (8), and wherein the at least one other subsection (9.4) adjoins the corresponding end face (9.1) of the at least one other die part (9). 27. The press die according to claim 20, wherein the round target contour (8.3) of the at least one die part (8) and the contour (9.3) of the at least one other die part deviating from the round target contour (8.3) are provided in an area of the front opening (5) of the press die (1) and wherein in an area of the rear opening (6) of the press die (1) a formation of the at least one die part (8) and the at least one other die part (9) is reversed with respect to a formation in the area of the front opening (5). 28. The press die according to claim 27, wherein the at least two die parts (8, 9) between the area of the front opening (5) and the area of the rear opening (6) contain a groove-shaped recess (12) in the respective circumferential section of the through-hole (4) on the circumference. 29. The press die according to claim 27, wherein the at least one die part (8) and the at least one other die part (9) are common parts. 30. A press die (1.1) for a pressing tool (100) for pressing round tubular sections of at least two workpieces, comprising: a front side (2); a rear side (3); and a through-hole (4) extending from the front side (2) to the rear side (3), the through-hole (4) comprising a front opening (5) on the front side (2), a rear opening (6) on the rear side (3), and a circumferential surface (7), which is formed as a die surface, wherein the press die (1.1) is constructed of multiple parts including at least three die parts (28, 29, 30) and comprises at least three closing points (12, 13, 14), wherein each of the at least closing points (12, 13, 14) is formed by mutually associated end faces (28.2, 29.1; 29.2, 30.1; 30.2, 28.1) of mutually adjacent die parts (28, 29; 29, 30; 30, 28) of the at least three die parts (28, 29, 30) adjacent to each other, and wherein each of the at least three die parts (28, 29, 30) comprises a circumferential section of the through-hole (4), such that, in a closed position (A) of the at least three die parts (28, 29, 30) at the at least three closing points (12, 13, 14), the circumferential surface (7) of the through-hole (4) is assembled on the circumference, wherein at least one of the die parts (28, 29, 30) comprises the round target contour (28.3) over at least one subsection (28.4) of the associated circumferential section of the through-hole (4) and at least one other of the die parts (28, 29, 30) comprises the contour (29.3) deviating from the round target contour (28.3) over at least one subsection (29.4) of the associated circumferential section of the through-hole (4), such that the circumferential sections of the through-hole (4) associated with the at least three die parts (28, 29, 30) are asymmetrical relative to each other with respect to a chord (28.7, 29.7, 30.7) formed by the associated circumferential section. 31. The press die according to claim 30, wherein the at least one die part (28) comprises the round target contour (28.3), and each of at least two other of the die parts (28, 29, 30) comprises the contour (29.3, 30.3) deviating from the round target contour (28.3). 32. A press die (1) for a pressing tool (100) for pressing round tubular sections of at least two workpieces, comprising: a front side (2); a rear side (3); and a through-hole (4) extending from the front side (2) to the rear side (3), the through-hole (4) comprising a front opening (5) on the front side (2), a rear opening (6) on the rear side (3), and a circumferential surface (7), which is formed as a die surface, wherein the press die (1) is constructed in several parts including at least two die parts (8, 9) and comprises at least two closing points (10, 11), wherein each of the at least two closing points (10, 11) is closed by mutually associated end faces (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2) of mutually adjacent die parts (8, 9) of the at least two die parts (8, 9), and wherein each of the at least two die parts (8, 9) comprises a circumferential section of the through-hole (4) over a circumferential angle (α1, α2), such that, in a closed position (A) of the at least two die parts (8, 9) at the at least two closing points (10, 11), the circumferential surface (7) of the through-hole (4) is assembled on the circumference, wherein, with at least one of the die parts (8, 9) on a predominant part of the circumferential angle (α1), the associated circumferential section has a contour (8.3) with an essentially uniform angle-related circumferential length and, on a remaining part of the associated circumferential angle (α1), a proportionally greater circumferential length is formed. 33. The press die according to claim 32, wherein the circumferential length formed across the die parts (8, 9) is proportional to the circumferential angle (α1, α2) occupied by the respective die part (8, 9). 34. The press die according to claim 32, wherein adjoining the at least one die part (8) is a die part (9), with which the angle-related circumferential length varies over the associated circumferential angle (α2). 35. A pressing tool (100) for pressing round tubular sections of at least two workpieces, wherein the pressing tool (100) comprises the press die (1; 1.1; 1.2) according to claim 20. 36. A method for producing a press connection of round tubular sections of at least two workpieces, comprising the steps: i) providing the pressing tool (100) according to claim 35; ii) sliding the round tubular sections of the workpieces into each other over an axial overlap area; and iii) pressing the round tubular sections in the axial overlap area by means of the pressing tool (100).

A press die for a pressing tool for pressing round tubular sections of at least two workpieces has a through-hole with a circumferential die surface. It includes at least two die parts. Each of the at least two die parts comprises a circumferential section of the through-hole. At least one of the die parts comprises a round target contour over at least one region of the associated circumferential section of the through-hole. At least one other die part comprises a contour deviating from the round target contour over at least one region of the associated circumferential section of the through-hole. Thus, the circumferential sections of the through-hole associated with the at least two die parts are asymmetrical relative to each other with respect to a chord formed by the associated circumferential section of the through-hole.1.-19. (canceled) 20. A press die (1) for a pressing tool (100) for pressing round tubular sections of at least two workpieces, comprising: a front side (2); a rear side (3); and a through-hole (4) extending from the front side (2) to the rear side (3), the through-hole (4) comprising a front opening (5) on the front side (2), a rear opening (6) on the rear side (3), and a circumferential surface (7), which is formed as a die surface, wherein the press die (1) is constructed of multiple parts including at least two die parts (8, 9) and comprises two closing points (10, 11), wherein each of the closing points (10, 11) is formed by mutually associated end faces (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2) of mutually adjacent die parts (8, 9) of the at least two die parts (8, 9), and wherein each of the at least two die parts (8, 9) comprises a circumferential section of the through-hole (4), such that, in a closed position (A) of the at least two die parts (8, 9) at the closing points (10, 11), the circumferential surface (7) of the through-hole (4) is assembled on the circumference, wherein at least one of the at least two die parts (8, 9) comprises a round target contour (8.3) over at least one subsection (8.4) of an associated circumferential section of the through-hole (4) and at least one other die part (9) of the at least two die parts comprises a contour (9.3) deviating from the round target contour (8.3) over at least one other subsection (9.4) of the associated circumferential section of the through-hole (4), such that the circumferential sections of the through-hole (4) associated with the at least two die parts (8, 9) are asymmetrical relative to each other with respect to a chord (8.7, 9.7) formed by an associated circumferential section of the through-hole (4). 21. The press die according to claim 20, wherein the contour (9.3) deviating from the round target contour (8.3) is straight. 22. The press die according to claim 20, wherein the contour (9.3) deviating from the round target contour (8.3) forms at least one side of a polygon, and wherein at least one part of the polygon forms the circumferential section of the through-hole (4), which is enclosed by the at least one other die part (9). 23. The press die according to claim 22, wherein the polygon is a hexagon and the circumferential section of the through-hole (4) formed by the at least one other die part (9) at least partially comprises at least three sides of the hexagon. 24. The press die according to claim 20, wherein the round target contour (8.3) is interrupted by an area (8.5) with an additional contour (8.8) deviating from the round target contour (8.3). 25. The press die according to claim 24, wherein the additional contour (8.8) deviating from the round target contour (8.3) is straight and is arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the chord (8.7) of the associated at least one die part (8). 26. The press die according to claim 20, wherein the at least one subsection (8.4) adjoins one of the mutually associated end faces (8.1, 8.2) of the at least one die part (8), and wherein the at least one other subsection (9.4) adjoins the corresponding end face (9.1) of the at least one other die part (9). 27. The press die according to claim 20, wherein the round target contour (8.3) of the at least one die part (8) and the contour (9.3) of the at least one other die part deviating from the round target contour (8.3) are provided in an area of the front opening (5) of the press die (1) and wherein in an area of the rear opening (6) of the press die (1) a formation of the at least one die part (8) and the at least one other die part (9) is reversed with respect to a formation in the area of the front opening (5). 28. The press die according to claim 27, wherein the at least two die parts (8, 9) between the area of the front opening (5) and the area of the rear opening (6) contain a groove-shaped recess (12) in the respective circumferential section of the through-hole (4) on the circumference. 29. The press die according to claim 27, wherein the at least one die part (8) and the at least one other die part (9) are common parts. 30. A press die (1.1) for a pressing tool (100) for pressing round tubular sections of at least two workpieces, comprising: a front side (2); a rear side (3); and a through-hole (4) extending from the front side (2) to the rear side (3), the through-hole (4) comprising a front opening (5) on the front side (2), a rear opening (6) on the rear side (3), and a circumferential surface (7), which is formed as a die surface, wherein the press die (1.1) is constructed of multiple parts including at least three die parts (28, 29, 30) and comprises at least three closing points (12, 13, 14), wherein each of the at least closing points (12, 13, 14) is formed by mutually associated end faces (28.2, 29.1; 29.2, 30.1; 30.2, 28.1) of mutually adjacent die parts (28, 29; 29, 30; 30, 28) of the at least three die parts (28, 29, 30) adjacent to each other, and wherein each of the at least three die parts (28, 29, 30) comprises a circumferential section of the through-hole (4), such that, in a closed position (A) of the at least three die parts (28, 29, 30) at the at least three closing points (12, 13, 14), the circumferential surface (7) of the through-hole (4) is assembled on the circumference, wherein at least one of the die parts (28, 29, 30) comprises the round target contour (28.3) over at least one subsection (28.4) of the associated circumferential section of the through-hole (4) and at least one other of the die parts (28, 29, 30) comprises the contour (29.3) deviating from the round target contour (28.3) over at least one subsection (29.4) of the associated circumferential section of the through-hole (4), such that the circumferential sections of the through-hole (4) associated with the at least three die parts (28, 29, 30) are asymmetrical relative to each other with respect to a chord (28.7, 29.7, 30.7) formed by the associated circumferential section. 31. The press die according to claim 30, wherein the at least one die part (28) comprises the round target contour (28.3), and each of at least two other of the die parts (28, 29, 30) comprises the contour (29.3, 30.3) deviating from the round target contour (28.3). 32. A press die (1) for a pressing tool (100) for pressing round tubular sections of at least two workpieces, comprising: a front side (2); a rear side (3); and a through-hole (4) extending from the front side (2) to the rear side (3), the through-hole (4) comprising a front opening (5) on the front side (2), a rear opening (6) on the rear side (3), and a circumferential surface (7), which is formed as a die surface, wherein the press die (1) is constructed in several parts including at least two die parts (8, 9) and comprises at least two closing points (10, 11), wherein each of the at least two closing points (10, 11) is closed by mutually associated end faces (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2) of mutually adjacent die parts (8, 9) of the at least two die parts (8, 9), and wherein each of the at least two die parts (8, 9) comprises a circumferential section of the through-hole (4) over a circumferential angle (α1, α2), such that, in a closed position (A) of the at least two die parts (8, 9) at the at least two closing points (10, 11), the circumferential surface (7) of the through-hole (4) is assembled on the circumference, wherein, with at least one of the die parts (8, 9) on a predominant part of the circumferential angle (α1), the associated circumferential section has a contour (8.3) with an essentially uniform angle-related circumferential length and, on a remaining part of the associated circumferential angle (α1), a proportionally greater circumferential length is formed. 33. The press die according to claim 32, wherein the circumferential length formed across the die parts (8, 9) is proportional to the circumferential angle (α1, α2) occupied by the respective die part (8, 9). 34. The press die according to claim 32, wherein adjoining the at least one die part (8) is a die part (9), with which the angle-related circumferential length varies over the associated circumferential angle (α2). 35. A pressing tool (100) for pressing round tubular sections of at least two workpieces, wherein the pressing tool (100) comprises the press die (1; 1.1; 1.2) according to claim 20. 36. A method for producing a press connection of round tubular sections of at least two workpieces, comprising the steps: i) providing the pressing tool (100) according to claim 35; ii) sliding the round tubular sections of the workpieces into each other over an axial overlap area; and iii) pressing the round tubular sections in the axial overlap area by means of the pressing tool (100).

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) including an inner frame, an inner flight propulsion system mounted on the inner frame, an outer frame, a gimbal system comprising at least two rotational couplings coupling the inner propulsion system to the outer frame, a control system, a power source, and an outer frame actuation system configured to actively orient the outer frame with respect to the inner frame.

1. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) including an inner frame, an inner flight propulsion system mounted on the inner frame, an outer frame forming an outer protective cage that surrounds and protects the inner flight propulsion system, a gimbal system comprising a gimbal frame and at least two rotational couplings coupling the inner propulsion system to the outer frame, a control system, a power source, and an outer frame actuation system configured to actively orient the outer frame around at least one axis with respect to the inner frame, wherein the outer frame actuation system comprises an outer air propulsion system fixed to the outer frame or to the gimbal frame, the inner flight propulsion system configured to enable the UAV to be suspended or flown without thrust from the outer propulsion system. 2. UAV according to claim 1, wherein the outer air propulsion system comprises a plurality of propulsion units comprising propellers or turbines driven by motors controlled by the control system to govern the orientation of the outer frame with respect to the inner frame. 3. UAV according to claim 2, wherein the propulsion units that are positioned proximate but offset laterally from a gimbal axis coupled rotationally to the outer frame. 4. UAV according to claim 2, wherein at least one of the propulsion units is reversible and controllable to generate forward or reverse thrust. 5. UAV according to claim 2, wherein the outer frame propulsion units are tilted so as generate thrust in a direction forming an acute angle with the vertical direction during stable flight, configured to control orientation of the outer frame around a Yaw axis. 6. UAV according to claim 1, wherein the outer air propulsion system comprises propulsion units fixed to a frame of the gimbal system, the frame coupled to the outer frame via one of said rotational couplings. 7. UAV according to claim 1, wherein the outer air propulsion system comprises at least two propulsion units, at least one propulsion unit mounted proximate each rotational coupling connecting the outer frame to the gimbal frame. 8. UAV according to claim 1, wherein the outer air propulsion system is configured to generate lift in conjunction with the inner propulsion system for the flight of the UAV. 9. UAV according to claim 1, wherein at least one of said rotational couplings connecting the outer frame to a gimbal frame further comprises a clutch configured to block rotation of the outer frame with the gimbal frame and to allow decoupling of the outer frame from the gimbal frame. 10. UAV according to claim 1, wherein at least one of said rotational couplings further comprises an electrical rotary actuator to actively orient the inner frame relative to the outer frame. 11. UAV according to claim 10 wherein the inner propulsion system has a single propulsion unit. 12. UAV according to claim 1 wherein the inner propulsion system comprises a plurality of propulsion units. 13. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) including an inner frame, an inner flight propulsion system mounted on the inner frame, an outer frame forming an outer protective cage that surrounds and protects the inner flight propulsion system, a gimbal system comprising a gimbal frame and at least two rotational couplings coupling the inner propulsion system to the outer frame, a control system, a power source, and an outer frame actuation system configured to actively orient the outer frame with respect to the inner frame, wherein the outer frame actuation system comprises an electrical rotary actuator mounted on one or more rotational couplings coupling the outer frame to the gimbal frame of the gimbal system, and a clutch to allow decoupling of the outer frame from the gimbal frame. 14. UAV according to claim 13 wherein the clutch is electronically activated. 15. UAV according to claim 13 wherein at least one rotational coupling comprises a torque sensor to sense a collision event. 16. UAV according to claim 13 wherein the clutch is passive and configured to slip when a certain amplitude of torque is exceeded. 17. (canceled) 18. (canceled) 19. UAV according to claim 1, wherein the outer propulsion system is mounted inside the outer protective cage formed by the outer frame. 20. UAV according to claim 1, wherein components of the UAV are mounted at opposite ends of a long axis A, said components including any one or more of a surveillance system, a functional system, sensors, lighting, elements of the control system, elements of the power source. 21. UAV according to claim 1, further comprising a surveillance system comprising any one or more of camera, a distance sensor, a lighting system, mounted to the outer frame. 22. UAV according to claim 1, further comprising a functional system comprising any one or more of a robotic gripper or object manipulator, an electromagnet, a sensing probe, a fluid dispenser, a sample collector, is mounted to the outer frame. 23. UAV according to claim 1, wherein the gimbal system comprises a rotation joint, the inner frame comprising a beam coupled rotationally to the rotation joint forming a first of said forming said two rotational couplings, a second beam coupled rotationally to the rotation joint forming a second of said two rotational couplings, the second beam constituting part of the outer frame or part of the gimbal system. 24. (canceled) 25. UAV according to claim 1, wherein the inner frame beam extends uninterrupted through the rotation joint and the second beam extends uninterrupted through the rotation joint. 26. UAV according to claim 1, wherein the power source comprises a battery, and the outer frame comprise a battery mounting frame with an adjustable battery mounting position on an opposite side of a rotation coupling from a functional system or payload to change the position of the battery along the battery mounting beam and thus adjust the center of mass of the outer frame.

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) including an inner frame, an inner flight propulsion system mounted on the inner frame, an outer frame, a gimbal system comprising at least two rotational couplings coupling the inner propulsion system to the outer frame, a control system, a power source, and an outer frame actuation system configured to actively orient the outer frame with respect to the inner frame.1. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) including an inner frame, an inner flight propulsion system mounted on the inner frame, an outer frame forming an outer protective cage that surrounds and protects the inner flight propulsion system, a gimbal system comprising a gimbal frame and at least two rotational couplings coupling the inner propulsion system to the outer frame, a control system, a power source, and an outer frame actuation system configured to actively orient the outer frame around at least one axis with respect to the inner frame, wherein the outer frame actuation system comprises an outer air propulsion system fixed to the outer frame or to the gimbal frame, the inner flight propulsion system configured to enable the UAV to be suspended or flown without thrust from the outer propulsion system. 2. UAV according to claim 1, wherein the outer air propulsion system comprises a plurality of propulsion units comprising propellers or turbines driven by motors controlled by the control system to govern the orientation of the outer frame with respect to the inner frame. 3. UAV according to claim 2, wherein the propulsion units that are positioned proximate but offset laterally from a gimbal axis coupled rotationally to the outer frame. 4. UAV according to claim 2, wherein at least one of the propulsion units is reversible and controllable to generate forward or reverse thrust. 5. UAV according to claim 2, wherein the outer frame propulsion units are tilted so as generate thrust in a direction forming an acute angle with the vertical direction during stable flight, configured to control orientation of the outer frame around a Yaw axis. 6. UAV according to claim 1, wherein the outer air propulsion system comprises propulsion units fixed to a frame of the gimbal system, the frame coupled to the outer frame via one of said rotational couplings. 7. UAV according to claim 1, wherein the outer air propulsion system comprises at least two propulsion units, at least one propulsion unit mounted proximate each rotational coupling connecting the outer frame to the gimbal frame. 8. UAV according to claim 1, wherein the outer air propulsion system is configured to generate lift in conjunction with the inner propulsion system for the flight of the UAV. 9. UAV according to claim 1, wherein at least one of said rotational couplings connecting the outer frame to a gimbal frame further comprises a clutch configured to block rotation of the outer frame with the gimbal frame and to allow decoupling of the outer frame from the gimbal frame. 10. UAV according to claim 1, wherein at least one of said rotational couplings further comprises an electrical rotary actuator to actively orient the inner frame relative to the outer frame. 11. UAV according to claim 10 wherein the inner propulsion system has a single propulsion unit. 12. UAV according to claim 1 wherein the inner propulsion system comprises a plurality of propulsion units. 13. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) including an inner frame, an inner flight propulsion system mounted on the inner frame, an outer frame forming an outer protective cage that surrounds and protects the inner flight propulsion system, a gimbal system comprising a gimbal frame and at least two rotational couplings coupling the inner propulsion system to the outer frame, a control system, a power source, and an outer frame actuation system configured to actively orient the outer frame with respect to the inner frame, wherein the outer frame actuation system comprises an electrical rotary actuator mounted on one or more rotational couplings coupling the outer frame to the gimbal frame of the gimbal system, and a clutch to allow decoupling of the outer frame from the gimbal frame. 14. UAV according to claim 13 wherein the clutch is electronically activated. 15. UAV according to claim 13 wherein at least one rotational coupling comprises a torque sensor to sense a collision event. 16. UAV according to claim 13 wherein the clutch is passive and configured to slip when a certain amplitude of torque is exceeded. 17. (canceled) 18. (canceled) 19. UAV according to claim 1, wherein the outer propulsion system is mounted inside the outer protective cage formed by the outer frame. 20. UAV according to claim 1, wherein components of the UAV are mounted at opposite ends of a long axis A, said components including any one or more of a surveillance system, a functional system, sensors, lighting, elements of the control system, elements of the power source. 21. UAV according to claim 1, further comprising a surveillance system comprising any one or more of camera, a distance sensor, a lighting system, mounted to the outer frame. 22. UAV according to claim 1, further comprising a functional system comprising any one or more of a robotic gripper or object manipulator, an electromagnet, a sensing probe, a fluid dispenser, a sample collector, is mounted to the outer frame. 23. UAV according to claim 1, wherein the gimbal system comprises a rotation joint, the inner frame comprising a beam coupled rotationally to the rotation joint forming a first of said forming said two rotational couplings, a second beam coupled rotationally to the rotation joint forming a second of said two rotational couplings, the second beam constituting part of the outer frame or part of the gimbal system. 24. (canceled) 25. UAV according to claim 1, wherein the inner frame beam extends uninterrupted through the rotation joint and the second beam extends uninterrupted through the rotation joint. 26. UAV according to claim 1, wherein the power source comprises a battery, and the outer frame comprise a battery mounting frame with an adjustable battery mounting position on an opposite side of a rotation coupling from a functional system or payload to change the position of the battery along the battery mounting beam and thus adjust the center of mass of the outer frame.

The invention relates to a method and a device for producing a component by means of 3D multi-material pressure and to a component part produced therewith, wherein metallic and ceramic pastes, mixed with powder and binding agents, for producing the component are applied in layers by means of an extrusion process and are shaped, and the printing process is monitored by means of a monitoring device in such a way that defects in the pressure are detected by means of a camera and the defects are eliminated and/or overfilling or underfilling of each printed layer in relation to the extrusion quantity is monitored by means of a camera and/or temporary blockages in the extrusion nozzle are detected by monitoring the pressure in the region of the extrusion nozzle and released by increasing the pressure. The device comprises a corresponding monitoring device. The device can also have a mixing and feeding device with a vacuum mixing container which is connected to a vibration device. The device can comprise a ceramic construction platform having a porous structure. The component has a lattice structure with beads which are deposited at a distance from one another on a plane.

1. Method for producing a component by means of 3D multi-material printing, in particular for producing an electrical component, characterized in that by means of an extrusion process from powder and binder, mixed metallic and ceramic pastes for producing the component are applied in layers by means of an extrusion die and brought into shape, and that the printing process is monitored by means of a monitoring device in such a way that by means of a camera, defects in the print are detected, localized and compared with the measurements of a continuous monitoring system, wherein, based on detected defects, new extrusion paths are automatically created which eliminate the defects fully automatically, and/or by means of a camera, an overfilling or underfilling of each printed layer is monitored in relation to the extrusion quantity, wherein the degree of filling of each printed layer during the printing process is recorded and evaluated by means of imaging methods, and/or temporary blockages in the extrusion die can be detected by monitoring the pressure in the area of the extrusion die, wherein the blockage outside the printed body is released by increasing the pressure and the printing process is then continued. 2. Method according to claim 1 for monitoring defects in printing, characterized in that a bead deposited on the printing body during the printing process is evaluated with the aid of the camera and image recognition and evaluation methods and, in the case of defects, these are eliminated before the next layer and/or the next material. 3. Method according to claim 1 for monitoring defects, characterized in that, after completion of a material in a layer, the corresponding area is detected with the aid of the imaging materials and the course of the extrusion paths is determined by means of an image recognition method. 4. Method according to claim 1 for monitoring the overfilling/underfilling of the extrusion quantity, characterized in that the overfilling or underfilling is counteracted by means of the dynamic adaptation of a scaling factor in the form of a control loop to the printing process. 5. Method according to claim 1, in that the loosening of the blockage of the extrusion die is detected by means of the drop in the measured pressure. 6. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that a binder in the form of an emulsion of several components is used, wherein the emulsion is used for the targeted adjustment of the binder parameters. 7. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the binder consists of polymers of different chain length, ring-shaped hydrocarbon compounds, iso-parafins, olefins, n-parafins, polysaccharides, surface-active substances or defoamers or a combination of at least two of these components. 8. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that after the component has been printed, a sintering process of the printed parts takes place, wherein the temperature level and the sintering atmosphere are selected in such a way that the binder components are expelled from the component by means of oxidation, wherein the temperature subsequently is increased to 900-1500° C., wherein the oxidized metallic components of the printed component are reduced with the aid of active gases. 9. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that by means of an automatic mixing and feeding device the metallic and ceramic paste is mixed under vacuum and fed to the print head by means of gravity and vibration. 10. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the mixing and feeding device has an inlet opening, wherein the quantity provided for mixing is determined from the amplitude, frequency, powder consistency and diameter of the inlet opening. 11. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that by adding additives to the ceramic paste the shrinkage value during the drying and sintering process as well as the physical properties of the printing body are adjusted. 12. Device for producing a component by means of 3D multi-material printing, characterized in that mixed metallic and ceramic pastes for producing the component can be applied in layers by means of an extrusion die and brought into shape by means of an extrusion process from powder and binder, comprising a monitoring device for monitoring the printing process, wherein the monitoring device has a camera which detects and localizes defects in the print and compares them with the measurements of a continuous monitoring system, and/or has means for monitoring a print to detect temporary blockages in the area of the extrusion die and that the blockage outside the printed body can be released by increasing the pressure and the printing process can be continued, and/or has a camera monitoring the overfilling or underfilling of each printed layer in relation to the extrusion quantity, and the degree of filling of each printed layer during the printing process can be recorded and evaluated by means of an imaging method. 13. Device for producing a component by means of 3D multi-material printing, characterized in that by means of an extrusion process from powder and binder, mixed metallic and ceramic pastes for producing the component can be applied in layers by means of an extrusion die and brought into shape with a mixing and feeding device, characterized in that the mixing and feeding device comprises a mixing container under vacuum and is connected to a vibration device in such a way that the mixing container can be excited to vibrate, wherein the paste is transportable in the direction of the extrusion die by means of the vibrations. 14. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that the mixing of the ceramic and metallic pastes in the mixing vessel is carried out by means of an agitator, wherein the mixing vessel has a variable inlet opening for the supply of a powder and a supply for a binder. 15. Device for producing a component by means of 3D multi-material printing, characterized in that by means of an extrusion process of powder and binder, mixed metallic and ceramic pastes for producing the component can be applied in layers by means of an extrusion die and brought into shape, wherein the device comprises a building platform and the building platform is designed in the form of a ceramic building platform, wherein the building platform has a porous structure in such a way that moisture can be supplied to or removed from the component in a targeted manner. 16. Device according to claim 15, characterized in that the building platform has an intrinsic structure, wherein air and/or solvent can flow through said structure. 17. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the ceramic paste preferably consists of silicate ceramics and/or that glass powder and/or technical ceramics are added to the silicate ceramics. 18. Component, produced with the method according to claim 1 and the device according to claim 12, characterized in that the component has a grid structure of beads which are deposited in a plane at a distance from one another, wherein beads are also deposited by extrusion in the plane above, wherein said beads differ in their alignment with the beads below and are at a distance from their adjacent beads in the plane. 19. Component according to claim 19, characterized in that the component is designed in the form of a heat exchanger.

The invention relates to a method and a device for producing a component by means of 3D multi-material pressure and to a component part produced therewith, wherein metallic and ceramic pastes, mixed with powder and binding agents, for producing the component are applied in layers by means of an extrusion process and are shaped, and the printing process is monitored by means of a monitoring device in such a way that defects in the pressure are detected by means of a camera and the defects are eliminated and/or overfilling or underfilling of each printed layer in relation to the extrusion quantity is monitored by means of a camera and/or temporary blockages in the extrusion nozzle are detected by monitoring the pressure in the region of the extrusion nozzle and released by increasing the pressure. The device comprises a corresponding monitoring device. The device can also have a mixing and feeding device with a vacuum mixing container which is connected to a vibration device. The device can comprise a ceramic construction platform having a porous structure. The component has a lattice structure with beads which are deposited at a distance from one another on a plane.1. Method for producing a component by means of 3D multi-material printing, in particular for producing an electrical component, characterized in that by means of an extrusion process from powder and binder, mixed metallic and ceramic pastes for producing the component are applied in layers by means of an extrusion die and brought into shape, and that the printing process is monitored by means of a monitoring device in such a way that by means of a camera, defects in the print are detected, localized and compared with the measurements of a continuous monitoring system, wherein, based on detected defects, new extrusion paths are automatically created which eliminate the defects fully automatically, and/or by means of a camera, an overfilling or underfilling of each printed layer is monitored in relation to the extrusion quantity, wherein the degree of filling of each printed layer during the printing process is recorded and evaluated by means of imaging methods, and/or temporary blockages in the extrusion die can be detected by monitoring the pressure in the area of the extrusion die, wherein the blockage outside the printed body is released by increasing the pressure and the printing process is then continued. 2. Method according to claim 1 for monitoring defects in printing, characterized in that a bead deposited on the printing body during the printing process is evaluated with the aid of the camera and image recognition and evaluation methods and, in the case of defects, these are eliminated before the next layer and/or the next material. 3. Method according to claim 1 for monitoring defects, characterized in that, after completion of a material in a layer, the corresponding area is detected with the aid of the imaging materials and the course of the extrusion paths is determined by means of an image recognition method. 4. Method according to claim 1 for monitoring the overfilling/underfilling of the extrusion quantity, characterized in that the overfilling or underfilling is counteracted by means of the dynamic adaptation of a scaling factor in the form of a control loop to the printing process. 5. Method according to claim 1, in that the loosening of the blockage of the extrusion die is detected by means of the drop in the measured pressure. 6. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that a binder in the form of an emulsion of several components is used, wherein the emulsion is used for the targeted adjustment of the binder parameters. 7. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the binder consists of polymers of different chain length, ring-shaped hydrocarbon compounds, iso-parafins, olefins, n-parafins, polysaccharides, surface-active substances or defoamers or a combination of at least two of these components. 8. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that after the component has been printed, a sintering process of the printed parts takes place, wherein the temperature level and the sintering atmosphere are selected in such a way that the binder components are expelled from the component by means of oxidation, wherein the temperature subsequently is increased to 900-1500° C., wherein the oxidized metallic components of the printed component are reduced with the aid of active gases. 9. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that by means of an automatic mixing and feeding device the metallic and ceramic paste is mixed under vacuum and fed to the print head by means of gravity and vibration. 10. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the mixing and feeding device has an inlet opening, wherein the quantity provided for mixing is determined from the amplitude, frequency, powder consistency and diameter of the inlet opening. 11. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that by adding additives to the ceramic paste the shrinkage value during the drying and sintering process as well as the physical properties of the printing body are adjusted. 12. Device for producing a component by means of 3D multi-material printing, characterized in that mixed metallic and ceramic pastes for producing the component can be applied in layers by means of an extrusion die and brought into shape by means of an extrusion process from powder and binder, comprising a monitoring device for monitoring the printing process, wherein the monitoring device has a camera which detects and localizes defects in the print and compares them with the measurements of a continuous monitoring system, and/or has means for monitoring a print to detect temporary blockages in the area of the extrusion die and that the blockage outside the printed body can be released by increasing the pressure and the printing process can be continued, and/or has a camera monitoring the overfilling or underfilling of each printed layer in relation to the extrusion quantity, and the degree of filling of each printed layer during the printing process can be recorded and evaluated by means of an imaging method. 13. Device for producing a component by means of 3D multi-material printing, characterized in that by means of an extrusion process from powder and binder, mixed metallic and ceramic pastes for producing the component can be applied in layers by means of an extrusion die and brought into shape with a mixing and feeding device, characterized in that the mixing and feeding device comprises a mixing container under vacuum and is connected to a vibration device in such a way that the mixing container can be excited to vibrate, wherein the paste is transportable in the direction of the extrusion die by means of the vibrations. 14. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that the mixing of the ceramic and metallic pastes in the mixing vessel is carried out by means of an agitator, wherein the mixing vessel has a variable inlet opening for the supply of a powder and a supply for a binder. 15. Device for producing a component by means of 3D multi-material printing, characterized in that by means of an extrusion process of powder and binder, mixed metallic and ceramic pastes for producing the component can be applied in layers by means of an extrusion die and brought into shape, wherein the device comprises a building platform and the building platform is designed in the form of a ceramic building platform, wherein the building platform has a porous structure in such a way that moisture can be supplied to or removed from the component in a targeted manner. 16. Device according to claim 15, characterized in that the building platform has an intrinsic structure, wherein air and/or solvent can flow through said structure. 17. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the ceramic paste preferably consists of silicate ceramics and/or that glass powder and/or technical ceramics are added to the silicate ceramics. 18. Component, produced with the method according to claim 1 and the device according to claim 12, characterized in that the component has a grid structure of beads which are deposited in a plane at a distance from one another, wherein beads are also deposited by extrusion in the plane above, wherein said beads differ in their alignment with the beads below and are at a distance from their adjacent beads in the plane. 19. Component according to claim 19, characterized in that the component is designed in the form of a heat exchanger.

The present specification provides a heating system including: a heating unit including a substrate and a heating layer provided on the substrate and including graphene; an electromagnetic wave irradiation unit configured to irradiate at least one region of the heating unit with electromagnetic waves; and a control unit configured to control an operation of the electromagnetic wave irradiation unit, wherein the heating layer emits heat by absorbing the electromagnetic waves.

1. A heating system comprising: a heating unit comprising a substrate and a heating layer provided on the substrate and comprising graphene; an electromagnetic wave irradiation unit configured to irradiate at least one region of the heating unit with electromagnetic waves; and a control unit configured to control an operation of the electromagnetic wave irradiation unit, wherein the heating layer emits heat by absorbing the electromagnetic waves. 2. The heating system of claim 1, wherein the graphene comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, a graphene sheet, and a graphene flake. 3. The heating system of claim 2, wherein the graphene sheet is a monolayered graphene sheet or a multilayered graphene sheet. 4. The heating system of claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic wave irradiation unit irradiates electromagnetic waves having a frequency of 1 MHz to 100 GHz. 5. The heating system of claim 1, wherein the heating unit further comprises a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) provided between the substrate and the heating layer. 6. The heating system of claim 1, wherein an average light transmittance of the heating unit at a visible wavelength is 80% to 95%. 7. The heating system of claim 1, wherein the heating unit comprises no separate electrode. 8. The heating system of claim 1, wherein a temperature uniformity of the heating layer at a saturation temperature is 60% or more. 9. The heating system of claim 1, wherein a time required for a temperature of the heating layer to reach a saturation temperature is within 40 seconds in an area of 9 cm×9 cm. 10. The heating system of claim 1, wherein the heating layer generates heat by charge transport in the graphene in a diamagnetic state, which is induced by absorption of the electromagnetic waves. 11. A heating element comprising: a substrate; and a heating layer provided on the substrate and comprising graphene, wherein the heating layer emits heat by absorbing electromagnetic waves. 12. The heating element of claim 11, wherein the graphene comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, a graphene sheet, and a graphene flake. 13. The heating element of claim 12, wherein the graphene sheet is a monolayered graphene sheet or a multilayered graphene sheet. 14. The heating element of claim 11, wherein the heating element further comprises a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) provided between the substrate and the heating layer. 15. The heating element of claim 11, wherein the heating element comprises no separate electrode.

The present specification provides a heating system including: a heating unit including a substrate and a heating layer provided on the substrate and including graphene; an electromagnetic wave irradiation unit configured to irradiate at least one region of the heating unit with electromagnetic waves; and a control unit configured to control an operation of the electromagnetic wave irradiation unit, wherein the heating layer emits heat by absorbing the electromagnetic waves.1. A heating system comprising: a heating unit comprising a substrate and a heating layer provided on the substrate and comprising graphene; an electromagnetic wave irradiation unit configured to irradiate at least one region of the heating unit with electromagnetic waves; and a control unit configured to control an operation of the electromagnetic wave irradiation unit, wherein the heating layer emits heat by absorbing the electromagnetic waves. 2. The heating system of claim 1, wherein the graphene comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, a graphene sheet, and a graphene flake. 3. The heating system of claim 2, wherein the graphene sheet is a monolayered graphene sheet or a multilayered graphene sheet. 4. The heating system of claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic wave irradiation unit irradiates electromagnetic waves having a frequency of 1 MHz to 100 GHz. 5. The heating system of claim 1, wherein the heating unit further comprises a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) provided between the substrate and the heating layer. 6. The heating system of claim 1, wherein an average light transmittance of the heating unit at a visible wavelength is 80% to 95%. 7. The heating system of claim 1, wherein the heating unit comprises no separate electrode. 8. The heating system of claim 1, wherein a temperature uniformity of the heating layer at a saturation temperature is 60% or more. 9. The heating system of claim 1, wherein a time required for a temperature of the heating layer to reach a saturation temperature is within 40 seconds in an area of 9 cm×9 cm. 10. The heating system of claim 1, wherein the heating layer generates heat by charge transport in the graphene in a diamagnetic state, which is induced by absorption of the electromagnetic waves. 11. A heating element comprising: a substrate; and a heating layer provided on the substrate and comprising graphene, wherein the heating layer emits heat by absorbing electromagnetic waves. 12. The heating element of claim 11, wherein the graphene comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, a graphene sheet, and a graphene flake. 13. The heating element of claim 12, wherein the graphene sheet is a monolayered graphene sheet or a multilayered graphene sheet. 14. The heating element of claim 11, wherein the heating element further comprises a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) provided between the substrate and the heating layer. 15. The heating element of claim 11, wherein the heating element comprises no separate electrode.

The present specification provides a heating system including: a heating unit including a substrate and a heating layer provided on the substrate and including graphene; an electromagnetic wave irradiation unit configured to irradiate at least one region of the heating unit with electromagnetic waves; and a control unit configured to control an operation of the electromagnetic wave irradiation unit, wherein the heating layer emits heat by absorbing the electromagnetic waves.

1. A heating system comprising: a heating unit comprising a substrate and a heating layer provided on the substrate and comprising graphene; an electromagnetic wave irradiation unit configured to irradiate at least one region of the heating unit with electromagnetic waves; and a control unit configured to control an operation of the electromagnetic wave irradiation unit, wherein the heating layer emits heat by absorbing the electromagnetic waves. 2. The heating system of claim 1, wherein the graphene comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, a graphene sheet, and a graphene flake. 3. The heating system of claim 2, wherein the graphene sheet is a monolayered graphene sheet or a multilayered graphene sheet. 4. The heating system of claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic wave irradiation unit irradiates electromagnetic waves having a frequency of 1 MHz to 100 GHz. 5. The heating system of claim 1, wherein the heating unit further comprises a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) provided between the substrate and the heating layer. 6. The heating system of claim 1, wherein an average light transmittance of the heating unit at a visible wavelength is 80% to 95%. 7. The heating system of claim 1, wherein the heating unit comprises no separate electrode. 8. The heating system of claim 1, wherein a temperature uniformity of the heating layer at a saturation temperature is 60% or more. 9. The heating system of claim 1, wherein a time required for a temperature of the heating layer to reach a saturation temperature is within 40 seconds in an area of 9 cm×9 cm. 10. The heating system of claim 1, wherein the heating layer generates heat by charge transport in the graphene in a diamagnetic state, which is induced by absorption of the electromagnetic waves. 11. A heating element comprising: a substrate; and a heating layer provided on the substrate and comprising graphene, wherein the heating layer emits heat by absorbing electromagnetic waves. 12. The heating element of claim 11, wherein the graphene comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, a graphene sheet, and a graphene flake. 13. The heating element of claim 12, wherein the graphene sheet is a monolayered graphene sheet or a multilayered graphene sheet. 14. The heating element of claim 11, wherein the heating element further comprises a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) provided between the substrate and the heating layer. 15. The heating element of claim 11, wherein the heating element comprises no separate electrode.

The present specification provides a heating system including: a heating unit including a substrate and a heating layer provided on the substrate and including graphene; an electromagnetic wave irradiation unit configured to irradiate at least one region of the heating unit with electromagnetic waves; and a control unit configured to control an operation of the electromagnetic wave irradiation unit, wherein the heating layer emits heat by absorbing the electromagnetic waves.1. A heating system comprising: a heating unit comprising a substrate and a heating layer provided on the substrate and comprising graphene; an electromagnetic wave irradiation unit configured to irradiate at least one region of the heating unit with electromagnetic waves; and a control unit configured to control an operation of the electromagnetic wave irradiation unit, wherein the heating layer emits heat by absorbing the electromagnetic waves. 2. The heating system of claim 1, wherein the graphene comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, a graphene sheet, and a graphene flake. 3. The heating system of claim 2, wherein the graphene sheet is a monolayered graphene sheet or a multilayered graphene sheet. 4. The heating system of claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic wave irradiation unit irradiates electromagnetic waves having a frequency of 1 MHz to 100 GHz. 5. The heating system of claim 1, wherein the heating unit further comprises a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) provided between the substrate and the heating layer. 6. The heating system of claim 1, wherein an average light transmittance of the heating unit at a visible wavelength is 80% to 95%. 7. The heating system of claim 1, wherein the heating unit comprises no separate electrode. 8. The heating system of claim 1, wherein a temperature uniformity of the heating layer at a saturation temperature is 60% or more. 9. The heating system of claim 1, wherein a time required for a temperature of the heating layer to reach a saturation temperature is within 40 seconds in an area of 9 cm×9 cm. 10. The heating system of claim 1, wherein the heating layer generates heat by charge transport in the graphene in a diamagnetic state, which is induced by absorption of the electromagnetic waves. 11. A heating element comprising: a substrate; and a heating layer provided on the substrate and comprising graphene, wherein the heating layer emits heat by absorbing electromagnetic waves. 12. The heating element of claim 11, wherein the graphene comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, a graphene sheet, and a graphene flake. 13. The heating element of claim 12, wherein the graphene sheet is a monolayered graphene sheet or a multilayered graphene sheet. 14. The heating element of claim 11, wherein the heating element further comprises a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) provided between the substrate and the heating layer. 15. The heating element of claim 11, wherein the heating element comprises no separate electrode.

Provided is a positive resist composition capable of improving the adhesion between a resist film formed through pre-baking and a workpiece and reducing changes in the molecular weight of the polymer in the resist film before and after pre-baking step over broader ranges of heating temperature and heating time (at lower heating temperatures) during pre-baking. The positive resist composition comprises a polymer and a solvent, wherein the polymer has a monomer unit (A) represented by the following general formula (I) and a monomer unit (B) represented by the following general formula (II), and wherein the solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of isoamyl acetate, n-butyl formate, isobutyl formate, n-amyl formate, and isoamyl formate:

1. A positive resist composition comprising a polymer and a solvent, wherein the polymer comprises a monomer unit (A) represented by the following general formula (I) and a monomer unit (B) represented by the following general formula (II): 2. The positive resist composition of claim 1, wherein R1 is a chlorine atom. 3. The positive resist composition of claim 2, wherein R2 is an alkyl group substituted with a fluorine atom, and R3 and R4 are a hydrogen atom or an unsubstituted alkyl group and may be the same or different. 4. The positive resist composition of claim 1, wherein p is an integer of 1 or more and 5 or less, R5 and R7 to R9 are a hydrogen atom or an unsubstituted alkyl group, and the monomer unit (A) has one or more fluorine atoms. 5. The positive resist composition of claim 4, wherein the number of the fluorine atoms in the monomer unit (B) is 0 or 1. 6. The positive resist composition of claim 1, wherein R2 is a pentafluoroalkyl group. 7. The positive resist composition of claim 6, wherein R2 is 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl group. 8. The positive resist composition of claim 1, wherein the monomer unit (B) is a structural unit derived from α-methylstyrene or a structural unit derived from 4-fluoro-α-methylstyrene. 9. A resist film formation method for forming a resist film using the positive resist composition of claim 1, the method comprising: a coating step wherein the positive resist composition is applied onto a workpiece; and a pre-baking step wherein the positive resist composition applied is heated, wherein heating in the pre-baking step is performed at temperature T (° C.) for time t (min) which meet the following Expression (1): (−1/4)×T+32.5≤t≤(−1/4)×T+55  (1). 10. The resist film formation method of claim 9, wherein the time is 1 minute or more and 30 minutes or less. 11. A laminate manufacturing method for manufacturing a laminate which comprises a substrate, a light-shielding layer formed on the substrate, and a resist film formed on the light-shielding layer, wherein the resist film is formed by the resist formation method of claim 9.

Provided is a positive resist composition capable of improving the adhesion between a resist film formed through pre-baking and a workpiece and reducing changes in the molecular weight of the polymer in the resist film before and after pre-baking step over broader ranges of heating temperature and heating time (at lower heating temperatures) during pre-baking. The positive resist composition comprises a polymer and a solvent, wherein the polymer has a monomer unit (A) represented by the following general formula (I) and a monomer unit (B) represented by the following general formula (II), and wherein the solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of isoamyl acetate, n-butyl formate, isobutyl formate, n-amyl formate, and isoamyl formate:1. A positive resist composition comprising a polymer and a solvent, wherein the polymer comprises a monomer unit (A) represented by the following general formula (I) and a monomer unit (B) represented by the following general formula (II): 2. The positive resist composition of claim 1, wherein R1 is a chlorine atom. 3. The positive resist composition of claim 2, wherein R2 is an alkyl group substituted with a fluorine atom, and R3 and R4 are a hydrogen atom or an unsubstituted alkyl group and may be the same or different. 4. The positive resist composition of claim 1, wherein p is an integer of 1 or more and 5 or less, R5 and R7 to R9 are a hydrogen atom or an unsubstituted alkyl group, and the monomer unit (A) has one or more fluorine atoms. 5. The positive resist composition of claim 4, wherein the number of the fluorine atoms in the monomer unit (B) is 0 or 1. 6. The positive resist composition of claim 1, wherein R2 is a pentafluoroalkyl group. 7. The positive resist composition of claim 6, wherein R2 is 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl group. 8. The positive resist composition of claim 1, wherein the monomer unit (B) is a structural unit derived from α-methylstyrene or a structural unit derived from 4-fluoro-α-methylstyrene. 9. A resist film formation method for forming a resist film using the positive resist composition of claim 1, the method comprising: a coating step wherein the positive resist composition is applied onto a workpiece; and a pre-baking step wherein the positive resist composition applied is heated, wherein heating in the pre-baking step is performed at temperature T (° C.) for time t (min) which meet the following Expression (1): (−1/4)×T+32.5≤t≤(−1/4)×T+55  (1). 10. The resist film formation method of claim 9, wherein the time is 1 minute or more and 30 minutes or less. 11. A laminate manufacturing method for manufacturing a laminate which comprises a substrate, a light-shielding layer formed on the substrate, and a resist film formed on the light-shielding layer, wherein the resist film is formed by the resist formation method of claim 9.

A surgical table having a rack and pinion mechanism that includes: a pair of opposed first and second curved racks mounted on opposite sides of the pivot axis, the racks facing inwardly towards the pivot axis and being oriented upwardly, a pair of first and second rotatable pinions, each first and second pinion arranged to engage a respective first and second curved rack, and a drive system, including a drive motor, connected to the pinions for rotating the first and second pinions in a common rotational direction, the drive system being configured so that the first and second pinions move in opposite respective upward or downward directions along the respective first and second curved racks to rotate the movable framework about the pivot axis.

1. A surgical table comprising: a base for standing on a floor; a column mounted on and extending from the base; a tabletop providing a patient support surface; a movable framework to which at least a part of the tabletop is directly or indirectly fitted, and a rack and pinion mechanism fitted to the movable framework between the tabletop and the column for enabling the movable framework, and the part of the tabletop fitted thereto, to be rotated about a pivot axis, wherein the pivot axis is a trend axis extending in a transverse direction across the tabletop or a tilt axis extending in a longitudinal direction along the tabletop, wherein the rack and pinion mechanism comprises: a pair of opposed first and second curved racks mounted on opposite sides of the pivot axis, the racks facing inwardly towards the pivot axis and being oriented upwardly, a pair of first and second rotatable pinions, each first and second pinion arranged to engage a respective first and second curved rack, and a drive system, including a drive motor, connected to the pinions for rotating the first and second pinions in a common rotational direction, the drive system being configured so that the first and second pinions move in opposite respective upward or downward directions along the respective first and second curved racks to rotate the movable framework about the pivot axis. 2. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the movable framework is configured to be pivotable in opposite rotational directions about a central position of the movable framework, and in the central position the first and second pinions each engage the respective first and second curved racks. 3. A surgical table according to claim 2, wherein the first and second pinions each engage the respective first and second curved racks over a preset angular range of the movable framework about the central position. 4. A surgical table according to claim 3, wherein the preset angular range extends to at least +/−5° about the central position, optionally at least +/−7° about the central position. 5. A surgical table according to claim 3, wherein outside the preset angular range, an upper pinion of the first and second pinions is above, and out of contact with, the respective first and second curved rack and the lower pinion of the first and second pinions remains engaged with the respective first and second curved rack. 6. A surgical table according to claim 3, wherein each curved rack has an upper free end and the respective first and second pinion is configured to be located above the respective first and second curved rack outside the preset angular range. 7. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the drive system comprises a primary drive wheel which is coupled by a gear system to the first and second pinions, and the drive motor is adapted to be driveable in opposite rotational directions to rotate the primary drive wheel in opposite rotational directions and thereby pivot the movable framework in opposite rotational directions. 8. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the drive system is fitted to the movable framework. 9. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the first and second pinions are fitted to the movable framework. 10. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the curved racks are fitted to the column and are in a fixed position relative to the column. 11. A surgical table according to claim 10, wherein the pivot axis is the trend axis. 12. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the movable framework is a first movable framework and the curved racks are fitted to a second movable framework located beneath the first movable framework. 13. A surgical table according to claim 12, wherein the second movable framework is configured to be pivotable about the trend axis and the pivot axis is the tilt axis. 14. A surgical table according to claim 12, wherein the second movable framework is configured to be pivotable about the tilt axis and the pivot axis is the trend axis. 15. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein each curved rack has a radius of curvature of at least 200 mm, optionally from 200 to 230 mm 16. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein each pinion has a radius of at least 30 mm, optionally from 30 to 45 mm 17. A surgical table comprising: a base for standing on a floor; a column mounted on and extending from the base; a tabletop providing a patient support surface; and a trend and tilt mechanism between the tabletop and at least one of the column and the base for enabling at least a part of the tabletop to be independently rotated about a trend axis, the trend axis extending in a transverse direction across the tabletop, and a tilt axis, the tilt axis extending through the second movable framework in a longitudinal direction along the tabletop, wherein the trend and tilt mechanism comprises: a first movable framework mounted to at least one of the base and the column, the first movable framework being rotatable about the trend axis which extends through the first movable framework; a first drive system fitted between the first movable framework and at least one of the base and the column for rotating the first movable framework about the trend axis; a second movable framework mounted between the first movable framework and the tabletop and rotatable about a tilt axis which extends through the first and second movable frameworks, the second movable framework being located above the trend axis, a pivotable connection oriented along the tilt axis interconnecting the first and second movable frameworks; and a second drive system fitted within the second movable framework above the trend axis for rotating the second movable framework about the tilt axis. 18. A surgical table according to claim 17, wherein the second movable framework surrounds the first movable framework. 19. A surgical table according to claim 18, wherein the first and second movable frameworks are annular and the second movable framework annularly surrounds the first movable framework. 20. A surgical table according to claim 17, wherein the tilt axis is above the trend axis. 21. A surgical table according to claim 20, wherein the second movable framework is above the first movable framework. 22. A surgical table according to claim 17 , wherein the second drive system comprises a rack and pinion drive system. 23. A surgical table according to claim 22, wherein the rack and pinion drive system comprises a curved rack fitted to the first movable framework, a rotatable pinion fitted to the second movable framework and a drive motor connected to the pinion for rotating the pinion. 24. A surgical table according to claim 23, wherein the pinion is located above the rack. 25. A surgical table according to claim 23, wherein the rack is located above the pinion. 26. A surgical table according to claim 23, wherein the drive motor is fitted to the second movable framework. 27. A surgical table according to claim 23, wherein the curved rack has a diameter of at least 100 mm, optionally from 105 to 115 mm 28. A surgical table according to claim 23, wherein an uppermost portion of the curved rack is less than 105 mm above the tilt axis, optionally from 80 to 90 mm above the tilt axis. 29. A surgical table according to claim 23, wherein the second drive system further comprises helical or split gears between the drive motor and the pinion. 30. A surgical table according to claim 23, wherein the rack and pinion have respective straight or helical teeth which mutually engage between the rack and pinion. 31. A surgical table according to claim 23, further comprising a force applicator which can be switched between an operative mode in which a force is applied to the rack and pinion drive system to enhance engagement between the rack and pinion and an inoperative mode in which the force is not applied or is reduced. 32. A surgical table according to claim 17, wherein the second drive system comprises a belt drive system. 33. A surgical table according to claim 32, wherein the belt drive system comprises an endless belt fitted to the second movable framework, a rotatable drive element fitted to the first movable framework and engaging the belt, and a drive motor connected to the rotatable drive element for rotating the drive element. 34. A surgical table according to claim 33, wherein the belt drive system comprises an endless belt fitted to the first movable framework, a rotatable drive element fitted to the second movable framework and engaging the belt, and a drive motor connected to the rotatable drive element for rotating the drive element. 35. A surgical table according to claim 17, further comprising at least one damper element between the first and second movable frameworks for damping the motion of the second movable framework about the tilt axis. 36. A surgical table according to claim 35, wherein the damper element comprises a gas spring or a rotary damper. 37. A surgical table according to claim 17, further comprising a braking system fitted to the second movable framework for braking the motion of the second movable framework about the tilt axis. 38. A surgical table according to claim 37, wherein the braking system comprises an electrical brake. 39. A surgical table according to claim 17, wherein the second drive system is adapted to rotate the second movable framework about the tilt axis over a tilt angle range of at least 50°. 40. A surgical table according to claim 17, wherein the second drive system is adapted to rotate the second movable framework about the tilt axis by a tilt angle of at least +/−25° from a central level position.

A surgical table having a rack and pinion mechanism that includes: a pair of opposed first and second curved racks mounted on opposite sides of the pivot axis, the racks facing inwardly towards the pivot axis and being oriented upwardly, a pair of first and second rotatable pinions, each first and second pinion arranged to engage a respective first and second curved rack, and a drive system, including a drive motor, connected to the pinions for rotating the first and second pinions in a common rotational direction, the drive system being configured so that the first and second pinions move in opposite respective upward or downward directions along the respective first and second curved racks to rotate the movable framework about the pivot axis.1. A surgical table comprising: a base for standing on a floor; a column mounted on and extending from the base; a tabletop providing a patient support surface; a movable framework to which at least a part of the tabletop is directly or indirectly fitted, and a rack and pinion mechanism fitted to the movable framework between the tabletop and the column for enabling the movable framework, and the part of the tabletop fitted thereto, to be rotated about a pivot axis, wherein the pivot axis is a trend axis extending in a transverse direction across the tabletop or a tilt axis extending in a longitudinal direction along the tabletop, wherein the rack and pinion mechanism comprises: a pair of opposed first and second curved racks mounted on opposite sides of the pivot axis, the racks facing inwardly towards the pivot axis and being oriented upwardly, a pair of first and second rotatable pinions, each first and second pinion arranged to engage a respective first and second curved rack, and a drive system, including a drive motor, connected to the pinions for rotating the first and second pinions in a common rotational direction, the drive system being configured so that the first and second pinions move in opposite respective upward or downward directions along the respective first and second curved racks to rotate the movable framework about the pivot axis. 2. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the movable framework is configured to be pivotable in opposite rotational directions about a central position of the movable framework, and in the central position the first and second pinions each engage the respective first and second curved racks. 3. A surgical table according to claim 2, wherein the first and second pinions each engage the respective first and second curved racks over a preset angular range of the movable framework about the central position. 4. A surgical table according to claim 3, wherein the preset angular range extends to at least +/−5° about the central position, optionally at least +/−7° about the central position. 5. A surgical table according to claim 3, wherein outside the preset angular range, an upper pinion of the first and second pinions is above, and out of contact with, the respective first and second curved rack and the lower pinion of the first and second pinions remains engaged with the respective first and second curved rack. 6. A surgical table according to claim 3, wherein each curved rack has an upper free end and the respective first and second pinion is configured to be located above the respective first and second curved rack outside the preset angular range. 7. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the drive system comprises a primary drive wheel which is coupled by a gear system to the first and second pinions, and the drive motor is adapted to be driveable in opposite rotational directions to rotate the primary drive wheel in opposite rotational directions and thereby pivot the movable framework in opposite rotational directions. 8. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the drive system is fitted to the movable framework. 9. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the first and second pinions are fitted to the movable framework. 10. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the curved racks are fitted to the column and are in a fixed position relative to the column. 11. A surgical table according to claim 10, wherein the pivot axis is the trend axis. 12. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the movable framework is a first movable framework and the curved racks are fitted to a second movable framework located beneath the first movable framework. 13. A surgical table according to claim 12, wherein the second movable framework is configured to be pivotable about the trend axis and the pivot axis is the tilt axis. 14. A surgical table according to claim 12, wherein the second movable framework is configured to be pivotable about the tilt axis and the pivot axis is the trend axis. 15. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein each curved rack has a radius of curvature of at least 200 mm, optionally from 200 to 230 mm 16. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein each pinion has a radius of at least 30 mm, optionally from 30 to 45 mm 17. A surgical table comprising: a base for standing on a floor; a column mounted on and extending from the base; a tabletop providing a patient support surface; and a trend and tilt mechanism between the tabletop and at least one of the column and the base for enabling at least a part of the tabletop to be independently rotated about a trend axis, the trend axis extending in a transverse direction across the tabletop, and a tilt axis, the tilt axis extending through the second movable framework in a longitudinal direction along the tabletop, wherein the trend and tilt mechanism comprises: a first movable framework mounted to at least one of the base and the column, the first movable framework being rotatable about the trend axis which extends through the first movable framework; a first drive system fitted between the first movable framework and at least one of the base and the column for rotating the first movable framework about the trend axis; a second movable framework mounted between the first movable framework and the tabletop and rotatable about a tilt axis which extends through the first and second movable frameworks, the second movable framework being located above the trend axis, a pivotable connection oriented along the tilt axis interconnecting the first and second movable frameworks; and a second drive system fitted within the second movable framework above the trend axis for rotating the second movable framework about the tilt axis. 18. A surgical table according to claim 17, wherein the second movable framework surrounds the first movable framework. 19. A surgical table according to claim 18, wherein the first and second movable frameworks are annular and the second movable framework annularly surrounds the first movable framework. 20. A surgical table according to claim 17, wherein the tilt axis is above the trend axis. 21. A surgical table according to claim 20, wherein the second movable framework is above the first movable framework. 22. A surgical table according to claim 17 , wherein the second drive system comprises a rack and pinion drive system. 23. A surgical table according to claim 22, wherein the rack and pinion drive system comprises a curved rack fitted to the first movable framework, a rotatable pinion fitted to the second movable framework and a drive motor connected to the pinion for rotating the pinion. 24. A surgical table according to claim 23, wherein the pinion is located above the rack. 25. A surgical table according to claim 23, wherein the rack is located above the pinion. 26. A surgical table according to claim 23, wherein the drive motor is fitted to the second movable framework. 27. A surgical table according to claim 23, wherein the curved rack has a diameter of at least 100 mm, optionally from 105 to 115 mm 28. A surgical table according to claim 23, wherein an uppermost portion of the curved rack is less than 105 mm above the tilt axis, optionally from 80 to 90 mm above the tilt axis. 29. A surgical table according to claim 23, wherein the second drive system further comprises helical or split gears between the drive motor and the pinion. 30. A surgical table according to claim 23, wherein the rack and pinion have respective straight or helical teeth which mutually engage between the rack and pinion. 31. A surgical table according to claim 23, further comprising a force applicator which can be switched between an operative mode in which a force is applied to the rack and pinion drive system to enhance engagement between the rack and pinion and an inoperative mode in which the force is not applied or is reduced. 32. A surgical table according to claim 17, wherein the second drive system comprises a belt drive system. 33. A surgical table according to claim 32, wherein the belt drive system comprises an endless belt fitted to the second movable framework, a rotatable drive element fitted to the first movable framework and engaging the belt, and a drive motor connected to the rotatable drive element for rotating the drive element. 34. A surgical table according to claim 33, wherein the belt drive system comprises an endless belt fitted to the first movable framework, a rotatable drive element fitted to the second movable framework and engaging the belt, and a drive motor connected to the rotatable drive element for rotating the drive element. 35. A surgical table according to claim 17, further comprising at least one damper element between the first and second movable frameworks for damping the motion of the second movable framework about the tilt axis. 36. A surgical table according to claim 35, wherein the damper element comprises a gas spring or a rotary damper. 37. A surgical table according to claim 17, further comprising a braking system fitted to the second movable framework for braking the motion of the second movable framework about the tilt axis. 38. A surgical table according to claim 37, wherein the braking system comprises an electrical brake. 39. A surgical table according to claim 17, wherein the second drive system is adapted to rotate the second movable framework about the tilt axis over a tilt angle range of at least 50°. 40. A surgical table according to claim 17, wherein the second drive system is adapted to rotate the second movable framework about the tilt axis by a tilt angle of at least +/−25° from a central level position.

The present invention provides a multi-viewpoint video image viewing system that allows a viewer to view a multi-viewpoint video content and removes in advance video images in which hands are hidden as a video image candidate. A first invention of the present application selects video images to be displayed on a video image display section in advance and presents the selected video images to a viewer by causing an information processing apparatus to perform hand-target image recognition on motion image (video image) data that includes image data captured with a plurality of video cameras and a frame string disposed in a time region to select video images showing a hand or not to select video images showing no hand.

1. A multi-viewpoint video image viewing system in which a plurality of multi-viewpoint video image data sets representing a state in which a practitioner processes a target object with a hand are provided and the video image data sets are processed and displayed on a display apparatus, the system comprising: a plurality of video cameras that each simultaneously and concurrently capture images of the hand of the practitioner who processes the target object from different viewpoints and output video image data including a large number of continuous image data sets; and an information processing apparatus that receives and processes the plurality of video image data sets simultaneously captured with the plurality of video cameras, wherein the information processing apparatus includes an image recognition section that examines individual image data sets in the plurality of simultaneously received video image data sets and recognizes hand image data on the hand in the individual image data sets, an image selection section that chronologically selects image data sets containing the hand image data recognized by the image recognition section from the plurality of image data sets, and a video image display section that transmits the image data sets chronologically selected by the image selection section to the display apparatus. 2. (canceled) 3. (canceled) 4. (canceled) 5. (canceled) 6. (canceled) 7. (canceled) 8. A method for processing a plurality of multi-viewpoint video image data sets representing a state in which a practitioner processes a target object with a hand and selecting video images to be displayed on a display apparatus, the method comprising: an image recognition step of examining individual image data sets in the plurality of simultaneously received video image data sets and recognizing hand image data on the hand in the individual image data sets; and an image selection step of chronologically selecting image data sets containing the hand image data recognized in the image recognition step from the plurality of image data sets. 9. (canceled) 10. (canceled) 11. (canceled) 12. (canceled) 13. (canceled) 14. (canceled) 15. A camera system according to claim 41, wherein one of the at least two camera units is a central camera unit disposed roughly at a center of the overall base, and the others are peripheral camera units disposed on the overall base and around the central camera unit, and the central camera unit includes a central unit base, an operation handle that stands from a central portion of the central unit base and is capable of moving and inclining the entire camera mechanism when operated by the practitioner, and a central camera so disposed as to be built in or adjacent to the operation handle, and the peripheral camera units each include a peripheral unit base, a peripheral camera disposed on the peripheral unit base, and a plurality of light sources so disposed on the peripheral unit base as to be adjacent to the peripheral camera, the central camera and the peripheral camera are each configured to be capable of simultaneously capturing a fixed image and motion images of the diseased site under treatment and/or the practitioner's hand from different viewpoints, and the monitor mechanism includes at least one display apparatus that normally displays video images from the central camera and an operation apparatus capable of selecting video images to be displayed on the display apparatus also from video images captured with the peripheral cameras in response to a viewer's operation. 16. The camera system according to claim 15, wherein the at least two camera units include a plurality of light sources disposed in a vicinity of the camera, and the plurality of light sources each form a shadowless lamp. 17. (canceled) 18. The camera system according to claim 41, further comprising an image recording unit that simultaneously and concurrently records each of video images captured by the at least two camera units. 19. The camera system according to claim 18, wherein the image recording unit allows simultaneous reproduction of at least two video images simultaneously captured by the at least two camera units in synchronization with each other in terms of captured point of time. 20. The camera system according to claim 41, wherein the at least two camera units further each include an inclination unit that inclines the unit base, wherein the operation handle and the inclination units are linked to each other via a link apparatus, and the operation handle is rotated around an axis of rotation to activate the inclination units via the link apparatus to incline each of the bases of the at least two camera units to allow adjustment of a direction of the camera. 21. (canceled) 22. The camera system according to claim 41, further comprising a microphone that acquires sound information containing conversation during surgery, a sound recording apparatus that records the acquired sound information, and a sound output apparatus that outputs the acquired sound. 23. The camera system according to claim 22, wherein the image recording unit allows simultaneous reproduction of video images captured by the at least two camera units and sound recorded by the microphone in synchronization with each other in terms of capturing and recording points of time. 24. (canceled) 25. (canceled) 26. (canceled) 27. (canceled) 28. The camera system according to claim 41, wherein the camera of the at least two camera units each include a focal length manipulator, and the focal length manipulators each have an automatic focus adjustment function that allows automatic adjustment of focusing in accordance with the imaging target, and when the automatic focus adjustment function is deactivated, the focal length manipulators allow activation of the automatic focus adjustment function for focusing when sensing that the entire camera mechanism has been moved, and then allow automatic deactivation of the automatic focus adjustment function after a fixed period. 29. (canceled) 30. (canceled) 31. (canceled) 32. (canceled) 33. (canceled) 34. (canceled) 35. (canceled) 36. The camera system according to claim 41, wherein the monitor mechanism allows the operation apparatus that selects video images to be displayed on the display apparatus to cut video images captured with any of the camera of the at least two camera units over an arbitrary image capture range, enlarges the cut video images, and displays the enlarged video images on the display. 37. (canceled) 38. The camera system according to claim 41, wherein the display apparatus is capable of recognizing pixels of video images to sense that displayed video images do not display an imaging target including a diseased site under treatment and/or the practitioner's hand and automatically switching currently displayed video images to other video images when the non-display situation of the imaging target remains for a fixed period. 39. The camera system according to claim 41, wherein the at least two camera units base include a distance measurement apparatus that is located in a vicinity of the camera of the at least two camera units, optically measures a distance to an imaging target, and transmits distance information to a processor provided in the monitor mechanism, and the processor determines that an image of the imaging target has not been captured when the processor senses that the distance abruptly changes by a large amount and the distance does not return to the measured value for a fixed period and is capable of automatically switching the video images on the display apparatus to video images from another camera. 40. The camera system according to claim 18, wherein the image recording unit allows mechanical automatic recognition of image information on recorded video images, search for recording time information by adding tag information to data time information, and reproduction of the video images and sounds from a point of time corresponding to the recording time information. 41. A camera system comprising: a shadowless-lamp-equipped camera mechanism that is used in surgery or any other medical practice and is capable of capturing a fixed image and motion images of a diseased site under treatment and/or a practitioner's hand; and a monitor mechanism that displays video images captured by the camera mechanism, wherein the camera mechanism includes a movable, inclinable overall base, at least two camera units disposed in the overall base, and an operation handle capable of moving and inclining the entire camera mechanism, the at least two camera units each include a unit base and at least one camera provided in the unit base, the camera of the at least two camera units is configured to be capable of simultaneously capturing a fixed image and motion images of the diseased site under treatment and/or the practitioner's hand from different viewpoints, and the camera mechanism further includes video image selection means for switching video images displayed on the display apparatus to video images selected from video images each captured with the camera of the at least two camera units.

The present invention provides a multi-viewpoint video image viewing system that allows a viewer to view a multi-viewpoint video content and removes in advance video images in which hands are hidden as a video image candidate. A first invention of the present application selects video images to be displayed on a video image display section in advance and presents the selected video images to a viewer by causing an information processing apparatus to perform hand-target image recognition on motion image (video image) data that includes image data captured with a plurality of video cameras and a frame string disposed in a time region to select video images showing a hand or not to select video images showing no hand.1. A multi-viewpoint video image viewing system in which a plurality of multi-viewpoint video image data sets representing a state in which a practitioner processes a target object with a hand are provided and the video image data sets are processed and displayed on a display apparatus, the system comprising: a plurality of video cameras that each simultaneously and concurrently capture images of the hand of the practitioner who processes the target object from different viewpoints and output video image data including a large number of continuous image data sets; and an information processing apparatus that receives and processes the plurality of video image data sets simultaneously captured with the plurality of video cameras, wherein the information processing apparatus includes an image recognition section that examines individual image data sets in the plurality of simultaneously received video image data sets and recognizes hand image data on the hand in the individual image data sets, an image selection section that chronologically selects image data sets containing the hand image data recognized by the image recognition section from the plurality of image data sets, and a video image display section that transmits the image data sets chronologically selected by the image selection section to the display apparatus. 2. (canceled) 3. (canceled) 4. (canceled) 5. (canceled) 6. (canceled) 7. (canceled) 8. A method for processing a plurality of multi-viewpoint video image data sets representing a state in which a practitioner processes a target object with a hand and selecting video images to be displayed on a display apparatus, the method comprising: an image recognition step of examining individual image data sets in the plurality of simultaneously received video image data sets and recognizing hand image data on the hand in the individual image data sets; and an image selection step of chronologically selecting image data sets containing the hand image data recognized in the image recognition step from the plurality of image data sets. 9. (canceled) 10. (canceled) 11. (canceled) 12. (canceled) 13. (canceled) 14. (canceled) 15. A camera system according to claim 41, wherein one of the at least two camera units is a central camera unit disposed roughly at a center of the overall base, and the others are peripheral camera units disposed on the overall base and around the central camera unit, and the central camera unit includes a central unit base, an operation handle that stands from a central portion of the central unit base and is capable of moving and inclining the entire camera mechanism when operated by the practitioner, and a central camera so disposed as to be built in or adjacent to the operation handle, and the peripheral camera units each include a peripheral unit base, a peripheral camera disposed on the peripheral unit base, and a plurality of light sources so disposed on the peripheral unit base as to be adjacent to the peripheral camera, the central camera and the peripheral camera are each configured to be capable of simultaneously capturing a fixed image and motion images of the diseased site under treatment and/or the practitioner's hand from different viewpoints, and the monitor mechanism includes at least one display apparatus that normally displays video images from the central camera and an operation apparatus capable of selecting video images to be displayed on the display apparatus also from video images captured with the peripheral cameras in response to a viewer's operation. 16. The camera system according to claim 15, wherein the at least two camera units include a plurality of light sources disposed in a vicinity of the camera, and the plurality of light sources each form a shadowless lamp. 17. (canceled) 18. The camera system according to claim 41, further comprising an image recording unit that simultaneously and concurrently records each of video images captured by the at least two camera units. 19. The camera system according to claim 18, wherein the image recording unit allows simultaneous reproduction of at least two video images simultaneously captured by the at least two camera units in synchronization with each other in terms of captured point of time. 20. The camera system according to claim 41, wherein the at least two camera units further each include an inclination unit that inclines the unit base, wherein the operation handle and the inclination units are linked to each other via a link apparatus, and the operation handle is rotated around an axis of rotation to activate the inclination units via the link apparatus to incline each of the bases of the at least two camera units to allow adjustment of a direction of the camera. 21. (canceled) 22. The camera system according to claim 41, further comprising a microphone that acquires sound information containing conversation during surgery, a sound recording apparatus that records the acquired sound information, and a sound output apparatus that outputs the acquired sound. 23. The camera system according to claim 22, wherein the image recording unit allows simultaneous reproduction of video images captured by the at least two camera units and sound recorded by the microphone in synchronization with each other in terms of capturing and recording points of time. 24. (canceled) 25. (canceled) 26. (canceled) 27. (canceled) 28. The camera system according to claim 41, wherein the camera of the at least two camera units each include a focal length manipulator, and the focal length manipulators each have an automatic focus adjustment function that allows automatic adjustment of focusing in accordance with the imaging target, and when the automatic focus adjustment function is deactivated, the focal length manipulators allow activation of the automatic focus adjustment function for focusing when sensing that the entire camera mechanism has been moved, and then allow automatic deactivation of the automatic focus adjustment function after a fixed period. 29. (canceled) 30. (canceled) 31. (canceled) 32. (canceled) 33. (canceled) 34. (canceled) 35. (canceled) 36. The camera system according to claim 41, wherein the monitor mechanism allows the operation apparatus that selects video images to be displayed on the display apparatus to cut video images captured with any of the camera of the at least two camera units over an arbitrary image capture range, enlarges the cut video images, and displays the enlarged video images on the display. 37. (canceled) 38. The camera system according to claim 41, wherein the display apparatus is capable of recognizing pixels of video images to sense that displayed video images do not display an imaging target including a diseased site under treatment and/or the practitioner's hand and automatically switching currently displayed video images to other video images when the non-display situation of the imaging target remains for a fixed period. 39. The camera system according to claim 41, wherein the at least two camera units base include a distance measurement apparatus that is located in a vicinity of the camera of the at least two camera units, optically measures a distance to an imaging target, and transmits distance information to a processor provided in the monitor mechanism, and the processor determines that an image of the imaging target has not been captured when the processor senses that the distance abruptly changes by a large amount and the distance does not return to the measured value for a fixed period and is capable of automatically switching the video images on the display apparatus to video images from another camera. 40. The camera system according to claim 18, wherein the image recording unit allows mechanical automatic recognition of image information on recorded video images, search for recording time information by adding tag information to data time information, and reproduction of the video images and sounds from a point of time corresponding to the recording time information. 41. A camera system comprising: a shadowless-lamp-equipped camera mechanism that is used in surgery or any other medical practice and is capable of capturing a fixed image and motion images of a diseased site under treatment and/or a practitioner's hand; and a monitor mechanism that displays video images captured by the camera mechanism, wherein the camera mechanism includes a movable, inclinable overall base, at least two camera units disposed in the overall base, and an operation handle capable of moving and inclining the entire camera mechanism, the at least two camera units each include a unit base and at least one camera provided in the unit base, the camera of the at least two camera units is configured to be capable of simultaneously capturing a fixed image and motion images of the diseased site under treatment and/or the practitioner's hand from different viewpoints, and the camera mechanism further includes video image selection means for switching video images displayed on the display apparatus to video images selected from video images each captured with the camera of the at least two camera units.

A method, a data protection module and a network system for protecting data of an electronic device, on which sensitive data are recorded or supplied; the sensitive data being processed by external services, in particular, Internet services. The data protection module is used for automatically computing data protection configurations for the device on the basis of device metadata and service metadata.

1-13. (canceled) 14. A method for integrating a device in a network in a manner configured for data protection, so that on the device, locally recorded data may be transmitted to a service for the purpose of processing, the method comprising: acquiring device metadata for the device; acquiring service metadata of services, which are suitable for processing the data recorded on the device; and computing data protection configurations for the device, to configure its data protection, in response to its integration in the network, based on the acquired device metadata and the acquired service metadata. 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising: initiating an additive operation for the device; acquiring communications data for the device to establish a data channel with the device. 16. The method of claim 14, further comprising: acquiring contextual parameters; wherein the computing of the the data protection configurations also accounts for acquired contextual parameters. 17. The method of claim 14, wherein the computed data protection configurations determine which portions of the data recorded locally on the device are transmitted to which external service in accordance with which transmission plan. 18. The method of claim 14, wherein the computed data protection configurations are outputted on a user interface of a control unit or of a device connected to the control unit, to acquire a validation signal or to detect a change, before they are transmitted to the device for automatic data protection configuration. 19. The method of claim 14, wherein to compute the data protection configurations, stored configuration profiles of similar devices or of devices already integrated in the network are accessed. 20. The method of claim 14, wherein at least a number of method tasks are executed on a device acting as a control unit or on the device to be integrated. 21. The method of claim 14, wherein the device metadata for the device are acquired automatically and, in particular, requested actively, via the established data channel. 22. The method of claim 14, wherein to compute the data protection configurations for the device, a set of rules, in which rules for data security are stored, is accessed to apply these for the device. 23. A non-transitory computer readable medium having a computer program, which is executable by a processor, comprising: a program code arrangement having computer program code for integrating a device in a network in a manner configured for data protection, so that on the device, locally recorded data may be transmitted to a service for the purpose of processing, by performing the following: acquiring device metadata for the device; acquiring service metadata of services, which are suitable for processing the data recorded on the device; and computing data protection configurations for the device, to configure its data protection, in response to its integration in the network, based on the acquired device metadata and the acquired service metadata. 24. A data protection module for protecting data of a device in response to its integration in a network for providing services for processing data of the device, comprising: an input device interface for acquiring device metadata for the device to be integrated; an input service interface for acquiring service metadata of services, which are for processing the data recorded on the device; a computational unit, which is for computing data protection configurations for the device, to configure its data protection, in response to its integration in the network, based on the acquired device metadata and the acquired service metadata. 25. The data protection module of claim 24, wherein the data protection module is implemented on a control unit or on the device to be integrated. 26. A network system for processing data, comprising: a number of devices, which are already integrated in a first network, and on which data are locally recorded or supplied, which are designated for processing by at least one service provided in the network system; a number of servers, which are connected to a second network and are connected to the devices via a gateway node, and on which services for processing the data are provided; and a data protection module data protection module for protecting data, including: an input device interface for acquiring device metadata for the device to be integrated; an input service interface for acquiring service metadata of services, which are for processing the data recorded on the device; a computational unit, which is for computing data protection configurations for the device, to configure its data protection, in response to its integration in the network, based on the acquired device metadata and the acquired service metadata.

A method, a data protection module and a network system for protecting data of an electronic device, on which sensitive data are recorded or supplied; the sensitive data being processed by external services, in particular, Internet services. The data protection module is used for automatically computing data protection configurations for the device on the basis of device metadata and service metadata.1-13. (canceled) 14. A method for integrating a device in a network in a manner configured for data protection, so that on the device, locally recorded data may be transmitted to a service for the purpose of processing, the method comprising: acquiring device metadata for the device; acquiring service metadata of services, which are suitable for processing the data recorded on the device; and computing data protection configurations for the device, to configure its data protection, in response to its integration in the network, based on the acquired device metadata and the acquired service metadata. 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising: initiating an additive operation for the device; acquiring communications data for the device to establish a data channel with the device. 16. The method of claim 14, further comprising: acquiring contextual parameters; wherein the computing of the the data protection configurations also accounts for acquired contextual parameters. 17. The method of claim 14, wherein the computed data protection configurations determine which portions of the data recorded locally on the device are transmitted to which external service in accordance with which transmission plan. 18. The method of claim 14, wherein the computed data protection configurations are outputted on a user interface of a control unit or of a device connected to the control unit, to acquire a validation signal or to detect a change, before they are transmitted to the device for automatic data protection configuration. 19. The method of claim 14, wherein to compute the data protection configurations, stored configuration profiles of similar devices or of devices already integrated in the network are accessed. 20. The method of claim 14, wherein at least a number of method tasks are executed on a device acting as a control unit or on the device to be integrated. 21. The method of claim 14, wherein the device metadata for the device are acquired automatically and, in particular, requested actively, via the established data channel. 22. The method of claim 14, wherein to compute the data protection configurations for the device, a set of rules, in which rules for data security are stored, is accessed to apply these for the device. 23. A non-transitory computer readable medium having a computer program, which is executable by a processor, comprising: a program code arrangement having computer program code for integrating a device in a network in a manner configured for data protection, so that on the device, locally recorded data may be transmitted to a service for the purpose of processing, by performing the following: acquiring device metadata for the device; acquiring service metadata of services, which are suitable for processing the data recorded on the device; and computing data protection configurations for the device, to configure its data protection, in response to its integration in the network, based on the acquired device metadata and the acquired service metadata. 24. A data protection module for protecting data of a device in response to its integration in a network for providing services for processing data of the device, comprising: an input device interface for acquiring device metadata for the device to be integrated; an input service interface for acquiring service metadata of services, which are for processing the data recorded on the device; a computational unit, which is for computing data protection configurations for the device, to configure its data protection, in response to its integration in the network, based on the acquired device metadata and the acquired service metadata. 25. The data protection module of claim 24, wherein the data protection module is implemented on a control unit or on the device to be integrated. 26. A network system for processing data, comprising: a number of devices, which are already integrated in a first network, and on which data are locally recorded or supplied, which are designated for processing by at least one service provided in the network system; a number of servers, which are connected to a second network and are connected to the devices via a gateway node, and on which services for processing the data are provided; and a data protection module data protection module for protecting data, including: an input device interface for acquiring device metadata for the device to be integrated; an input service interface for acquiring service metadata of services, which are for processing the data recorded on the device; a computational unit, which is for computing data protection configurations for the device, to configure its data protection, in response to its integration in the network, based on the acquired device metadata and the acquired service metadata.

Provided is a synchronization control device that can control a mechanical system with good track followability. A control unit for each shaft of the synchronization control device includes: a delay time compensator which delays a position command to an FB torque command generation unit, and of which equivalent time constant is approximately the same as an equivalent time constant as a gain compensator. The synchronization control device also includes a phase adjustment unit, which adjusts a phase of at least one of the position commands, in a previous stage of each control unit, so that the time until the position command, input to each control unit, is output from the delay time compensator, becomes approximately the same.

1. A synchronization control device that controls a first motor and a second motor, comprising: an adjustment unit where a first position command that is a position command for the first motor, and a second position command that is a position command for the second motor are to be input, and at least one of a phase of the first position command which were input and a phase of the second position command which were input is adjusted; a first feed forward (FF) torque command generation unit that generates a first FF torque command on the basis of the first position command which is input via the adjustment unit; a first delay time compensator that filters the first position command which is input via the adjustment unit; a first feed back (FB) torque command generation unit that generates a first FB torque command on the basis of the first position command which passed through the first delay time compensator, and a measurement result of an index value of a position of the first motor or a position of a mechanical load driven by the first motor; a first gain compensator that filters a first torque command acquired by adding the first FF torque command and the first FB torque command; a first motor control unit that controls the first motor in accordance with the first torque command which passed through the first gain compensator; a second FF torque command generation unit that generates a second FF torque command on the basis of the second position command which is input via the adjustment unit; a second delay time compensator that filters the second position command which is input via the adjustment unit; a second FB torque command generation unit that generates a second FB torque command on the basis of the second position command which passed through the second delay time compensator, and a measurement result of an index value of a position of the second motor or a position of a mechanical load driven by the second motor; a second gain compensator that filters a second torque command acquired by adding the second FF torque command and the second FB torque command; and a second motor control unit that controls the second motor in accordance with the second torque command which passed through the second gain compensator, wherein the first delay time compensator has an equivalent time constant which is in accordance with an equivalent time constant of the first gain compensator, the second delay time compensator has an equivalent time constant which is in accordance with an equivalent time constant of the second gain compensator, and the adjustment unit adjusts at least one of the phase of the first position command and the phase of the second position command such that the difference between a time until the input first position command is output from the first delay time compensator and a time until the input second position command is output from the second delay time compensator becomes smaller. 2. The synchronization control device according to claim 1, wherein the first delay time compensator has an equivalent time constant that is the same as the equivalent time constant of the first gain compensator, and the second delay time compensator has an equivalent time constant that is the same as the equivalent time constant of the second gain compensator. 3. The synchronization control device according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment unit adjusts at least one of the phase of the first position command and the phase of the second position command such that the difference between a time until the input first position command is output from the first delay time compensator and a time until the input second position command is output from the second delay time compensator becomes “0”. 4. The synchronization control device according to claim 1, wherein the equivalent time constant of the second delay time compensator is larger than the equivalent time constant of the first delay time compensator, and the adjustment unit adjusts the phase of the second position command without adjusting the phase of the first position command. 5. The synchronization control device according to claim 4, wherein the adjustment unit is an all-pass filter that adjusts the phase of the second position command. 6. The synchronization control device according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment unit includes a first all-pass filter which adjusts the phase of the first position command, and a second all-pass filter which adjusts the phase of the second position command. 7. The synchronization control device according to claim 1, wherein the first delay time compensator is a low-pass filter or an all-pass filter, and the second delay time compensator is a low-pass filter or an all-pass filter.

Provided is a synchronization control device that can control a mechanical system with good track followability. A control unit for each shaft of the synchronization control device includes: a delay time compensator which delays a position command to an FB torque command generation unit, and of which equivalent time constant is approximately the same as an equivalent time constant as a gain compensator. The synchronization control device also includes a phase adjustment unit, which adjusts a phase of at least one of the position commands, in a previous stage of each control unit, so that the time until the position command, input to each control unit, is output from the delay time compensator, becomes approximately the same.1. A synchronization control device that controls a first motor and a second motor, comprising: an adjustment unit where a first position command that is a position command for the first motor, and a second position command that is a position command for the second motor are to be input, and at least one of a phase of the first position command which were input and a phase of the second position command which were input is adjusted; a first feed forward (FF) torque command generation unit that generates a first FF torque command on the basis of the first position command which is input via the adjustment unit; a first delay time compensator that filters the first position command which is input via the adjustment unit; a first feed back (FB) torque command generation unit that generates a first FB torque command on the basis of the first position command which passed through the first delay time compensator, and a measurement result of an index value of a position of the first motor or a position of a mechanical load driven by the first motor; a first gain compensator that filters a first torque command acquired by adding the first FF torque command and the first FB torque command; a first motor control unit that controls the first motor in accordance with the first torque command which passed through the first gain compensator; a second FF torque command generation unit that generates a second FF torque command on the basis of the second position command which is input via the adjustment unit; a second delay time compensator that filters the second position command which is input via the adjustment unit; a second FB torque command generation unit that generates a second FB torque command on the basis of the second position command which passed through the second delay time compensator, and a measurement result of an index value of a position of the second motor or a position of a mechanical load driven by the second motor; a second gain compensator that filters a second torque command acquired by adding the second FF torque command and the second FB torque command; and a second motor control unit that controls the second motor in accordance with the second torque command which passed through the second gain compensator, wherein the first delay time compensator has an equivalent time constant which is in accordance with an equivalent time constant of the first gain compensator, the second delay time compensator has an equivalent time constant which is in accordance with an equivalent time constant of the second gain compensator, and the adjustment unit adjusts at least one of the phase of the first position command and the phase of the second position command such that the difference between a time until the input first position command is output from the first delay time compensator and a time until the input second position command is output from the second delay time compensator becomes smaller. 2. The synchronization control device according to claim 1, wherein the first delay time compensator has an equivalent time constant that is the same as the equivalent time constant of the first gain compensator, and the second delay time compensator has an equivalent time constant that is the same as the equivalent time constant of the second gain compensator. 3. The synchronization control device according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment unit adjusts at least one of the phase of the first position command and the phase of the second position command such that the difference between a time until the input first position command is output from the first delay time compensator and a time until the input second position command is output from the second delay time compensator becomes “0”. 4. The synchronization control device according to claim 1, wherein the equivalent time constant of the second delay time compensator is larger than the equivalent time constant of the first delay time compensator, and the adjustment unit adjusts the phase of the second position command without adjusting the phase of the first position command. 5. The synchronization control device according to claim 4, wherein the adjustment unit is an all-pass filter that adjusts the phase of the second position command. 6. The synchronization control device according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment unit includes a first all-pass filter which adjusts the phase of the first position command, and a second all-pass filter which adjusts the phase of the second position command. 7. The synchronization control device according to claim 1, wherein the first delay time compensator is a low-pass filter or an all-pass filter, and the second delay time compensator is a low-pass filter or an all-pass filter.

A synthesis gas production system for producing CO and H2 by electrolyzing an aqueous solution containing CO2 includes: an electrolysis device including an anode chamber and a cathode chamber separated by a separator membrane; a cathode-side circulation line connected to the cathode chamber to circulate a cathode solution containing CO2; a catalyst supply device provided in the cathode-side circulation line to supply a CO production catalyst to the cathode solution; and a gas composition detection device configured to measure a ratio between CO and H2 in a production gas produced in the cathode chamber. At least one of control of a supply amount of the CO production catalyst by the catalyst supply device and control of a voltage applied between the anode and the cathode by the electrolysis device is performed to make a ratio of H2 to CO in the production gas be within a predetermined target range.

1. A synthesis gas production system for producing CO and H2 by electrolyzing an aqueous solution containing CO2, comprising: an electrolysis device including an anode chamber having an anode, a cathode chamber having a cathode, and a separator membrane separating the anode chamber and the cathode chamber; a cathode-side circulation line connected to the cathode chamber to circulate a cathode solution containing CO2; a catalyst supply device provided in the cathode-side circulation line to supply a CO production catalyst to the cathode solution; and a gas composition detection device configured to measure a ratio between CO and H2 in a production gas produced in the cathode chamber, wherein based on a result of the gas composition detection device, at least one of control of a supply amount of the CO production catalyst by the catalyst supply device and control of a voltage applied between the anode and the cathode by the electrolysis device is performed to make a ratio of H2 to CO in the production gas be within a predetermined target range. 2. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 1, further comprising: a bypass line provided in parallel with the cathode-side circulation line and having an upstream end and a downstream end connected to the cathode-side circulation line; a flow rate control valve configured to control a flow rate of the cathode solution flowing through the bypass line; and a solid-liquid separation device provided in the bypass line. 3. A synthesis gas production system for producing CO and H2 by electrolyzing an aqueous solution containing CO2, comprising: an electrolysis device including an anode chamber having an anode, a cathode chamber having a cathode, and a separator membrane separating the anode chamber and the cathode chamber; a cathode-side circulation line connected to the cathode chamber to circulate a cathode solution containing CO2; a catalyst supply device provided in the cathode-side circulation line to supply a CO production catalyst to the cathode solution; a gas composition detection device configured to measure a ratio between CO and H2 in a production gas produced in the cathode chamber; a bypass line provided in parallel with the cathode-side circulation line and having an upstream end and a downstream end connected to the cathode-side circulation line; a flow rate control valve configured to control a flow rate of the cathode solution flowing through the bypass line; and a solid-liquid separation device provided in the bypass line, wherein based on a result of the gas composition detection device, at least one of control of a supply amount of the CO production catalyst by the catalyst supply device, control of a flow rate of the cathode solution supplied to the solid-liquid separation device by the flow rate control valve, and control of a voltage applied between the anode and the cathode by the electrolysis device is performed to make a ratio of H2 to CO in the production gas be within a predetermined target range. 4. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 1, wherein the target range is set to be greater than or equal to 0.25 and less than or equal to 2.5 for a mole ratio of H2 to CO. 5. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 1, wherein the CO production catalyst is supplied to the cathode solution in a state of at least one of powder, aqueous solution, and suspension. 6. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 1, wherein the CO production catalyst includes at least one of a group consisting of Zn, ZnO, ZnO2, ZnO3, ZnSO4, Zn(NO3)2, ZnCl2, ZnBr2, ZnI2, Zn(OCOCH3)2, Ag, AgO, Ag2O, Ag2O3, AgNO3, AgCl, AgBr, Ag(OCOCH3), Au, AuCl, AuCl3, H[AuCl4], AuBr3, H[AuBr4], Au(OCOCH3), and Au(OCOCH3)3. 7. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 1, wherein the cathode solution includes at least one of a group consisting of LiOH, NaOH, KOH, Li2CO3, Na2CO3, K2CO3, LiHCO3, NaHCO3, and KHCO3. 8. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 1, further comprising a carbon dioxide absorption tank provided in the cathode-side circulation line and configured to cause gaseous CO2 to contact the cathode solution and to make the cathode solution absorb the CO2. 9. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 1, further comprising a gas-liquid separation device provided in the cathode-side circulation line and configured to separate the production gas and the cathode solution. 10. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 1, further comprising an anode-side circulation line connected to the anode chamber independently of the cathode-side circulation line to circulate an anode solution. 11. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 3, wherein the target range is set to be greater than or equal to 0.25 and less than or equal to 2.5 for a mole ratio of H2 to CO. 12. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 3, wherein the CO production catalyst is supplied to the cathode solution in a state of at least one of powder, aqueous solution, and suspension. 13. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 3, wherein the CO production catalyst includes at least one of a group consisting of Zn, ZnO, ZnO2, ZnO3, ZnSO4, Zn(NO3)2, ZnCl2, ZnBr2, ZnI2, Zn(OCOCH3)2, Ag, AgO, Ag2O, Ag2O3, AgNO3, AgCl, AgBr, Ag(OCOCH3), Au, AuCl, AuCl3, H[AuCl4], AuBr3, H[AuBr4], Au(OCOCH3), and Au(OCOCH3)3. 14. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 3, wherein the cathode solution includes at least one of a group consisting of LiOH, NaOH, KOH, Li2CO3, Na2CO3, K2CO3, LiHCO3, NaHCO3, and KHCO3. 15. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 3, further comprising a carbon dioxide absorption tank provided in the cathode-side circulation line and configured to cause gaseous CO2 to contact the cathode solution and to make the cathode solution absorb the CO2. 16. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 3, further comprising a gas-liquid separation device provided in the cathode-side circulation line and configured to separate the production gas and the cathode solution. 17. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 3, further comprising an anode-side circulation line connected to the anode chamber independently of the cathode-side circulation line to circulate an anode solution.

A synthesis gas production system for producing CO and H2 by electrolyzing an aqueous solution containing CO2 includes: an electrolysis device including an anode chamber and a cathode chamber separated by a separator membrane; a cathode-side circulation line connected to the cathode chamber to circulate a cathode solution containing CO2; a catalyst supply device provided in the cathode-side circulation line to supply a CO production catalyst to the cathode solution; and a gas composition detection device configured to measure a ratio between CO and H2 in a production gas produced in the cathode chamber. At least one of control of a supply amount of the CO production catalyst by the catalyst supply device and control of a voltage applied between the anode and the cathode by the electrolysis device is performed to make a ratio of H2 to CO in the production gas be within a predetermined target range.1. A synthesis gas production system for producing CO and H2 by electrolyzing an aqueous solution containing CO2, comprising: an electrolysis device including an anode chamber having an anode, a cathode chamber having a cathode, and a separator membrane separating the anode chamber and the cathode chamber; a cathode-side circulation line connected to the cathode chamber to circulate a cathode solution containing CO2; a catalyst supply device provided in the cathode-side circulation line to supply a CO production catalyst to the cathode solution; and a gas composition detection device configured to measure a ratio between CO and H2 in a production gas produced in the cathode chamber, wherein based on a result of the gas composition detection device, at least one of control of a supply amount of the CO production catalyst by the catalyst supply device and control of a voltage applied between the anode and the cathode by the electrolysis device is performed to make a ratio of H2 to CO in the production gas be within a predetermined target range. 2. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 1, further comprising: a bypass line provided in parallel with the cathode-side circulation line and having an upstream end and a downstream end connected to the cathode-side circulation line; a flow rate control valve configured to control a flow rate of the cathode solution flowing through the bypass line; and a solid-liquid separation device provided in the bypass line. 3. A synthesis gas production system for producing CO and H2 by electrolyzing an aqueous solution containing CO2, comprising: an electrolysis device including an anode chamber having an anode, a cathode chamber having a cathode, and a separator membrane separating the anode chamber and the cathode chamber; a cathode-side circulation line connected to the cathode chamber to circulate a cathode solution containing CO2; a catalyst supply device provided in the cathode-side circulation line to supply a CO production catalyst to the cathode solution; a gas composition detection device configured to measure a ratio between CO and H2 in a production gas produced in the cathode chamber; a bypass line provided in parallel with the cathode-side circulation line and having an upstream end and a downstream end connected to the cathode-side circulation line; a flow rate control valve configured to control a flow rate of the cathode solution flowing through the bypass line; and a solid-liquid separation device provided in the bypass line, wherein based on a result of the gas composition detection device, at least one of control of a supply amount of the CO production catalyst by the catalyst supply device, control of a flow rate of the cathode solution supplied to the solid-liquid separation device by the flow rate control valve, and control of a voltage applied between the anode and the cathode by the electrolysis device is performed to make a ratio of H2 to CO in the production gas be within a predetermined target range. 4. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 1, wherein the target range is set to be greater than or equal to 0.25 and less than or equal to 2.5 for a mole ratio of H2 to CO. 5. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 1, wherein the CO production catalyst is supplied to the cathode solution in a state of at least one of powder, aqueous solution, and suspension. 6. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 1, wherein the CO production catalyst includes at least one of a group consisting of Zn, ZnO, ZnO2, ZnO3, ZnSO4, Zn(NO3)2, ZnCl2, ZnBr2, ZnI2, Zn(OCOCH3)2, Ag, AgO, Ag2O, Ag2O3, AgNO3, AgCl, AgBr, Ag(OCOCH3), Au, AuCl, AuCl3, H[AuCl4], AuBr3, H[AuBr4], Au(OCOCH3), and Au(OCOCH3)3. 7. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 1, wherein the cathode solution includes at least one of a group consisting of LiOH, NaOH, KOH, Li2CO3, Na2CO3, K2CO3, LiHCO3, NaHCO3, and KHCO3. 8. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 1, further comprising a carbon dioxide absorption tank provided in the cathode-side circulation line and configured to cause gaseous CO2 to contact the cathode solution and to make the cathode solution absorb the CO2. 9. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 1, further comprising a gas-liquid separation device provided in the cathode-side circulation line and configured to separate the production gas and the cathode solution. 10. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 1, further comprising an anode-side circulation line connected to the anode chamber independently of the cathode-side circulation line to circulate an anode solution. 11. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 3, wherein the target range is set to be greater than or equal to 0.25 and less than or equal to 2.5 for a mole ratio of H2 to CO. 12. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 3, wherein the CO production catalyst is supplied to the cathode solution in a state of at least one of powder, aqueous solution, and suspension. 13. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 3, wherein the CO production catalyst includes at least one of a group consisting of Zn, ZnO, ZnO2, ZnO3, ZnSO4, Zn(NO3)2, ZnCl2, ZnBr2, ZnI2, Zn(OCOCH3)2, Ag, AgO, Ag2O, Ag2O3, AgNO3, AgCl, AgBr, Ag(OCOCH3), Au, AuCl, AuCl3, H[AuCl4], AuBr3, H[AuBr4], Au(OCOCH3), and Au(OCOCH3)3. 14. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 3, wherein the cathode solution includes at least one of a group consisting of LiOH, NaOH, KOH, Li2CO3, Na2CO3, K2CO3, LiHCO3, NaHCO3, and KHCO3. 15. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 3, further comprising a carbon dioxide absorption tank provided in the cathode-side circulation line and configured to cause gaseous CO2 to contact the cathode solution and to make the cathode solution absorb the CO2. 16. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 3, further comprising a gas-liquid separation device provided in the cathode-side circulation line and configured to separate the production gas and the cathode solution. 17. The synthesis gas production system according to claim 3, further comprising an anode-side circulation line connected to the anode chamber independently of the cathode-side circulation line to circulate an anode solution.

A method for producing polygonic Zn oxide platelets having a median specific surface area of more than 25 square meters per gram, in controlled size and morphology, the method comprising: preparing a medium including Zn or its compounds at a concentration within the range between 1.55 and 7.75 moles of Zn/L, in a medium suitable to substitute Zn ions by releasing free protons thereby forming a complex structure including Zn; agitation of the medium in a vessel at a temperature within the range between 50 and 320° for a duration up to 10 hours to obtain a suspension; filtering the suspension to obtain a filtrate including solid particles; drying and then calcination of the dried filtrate; wherein the agitation is performed with one or more radial flow impellers so that the Reynolds' number in the vessel is higher than 2500 and lower than 10000.

1. A product comprising a plurality of polygonic zinc oxide prismatic platelets having a size in micron-scale and a median specific surface area of more than 25 square meters per gram, wherein the plurality of polygonic zinc oxide prismatic platelets are composed of a plurality of primary nanoparticles, and the plurality of polygonic zinc oxide prismatic platelets have a thickness providing a light transmittance of more than 30% at a wavelength of 600 nanometers. 2. The product according to the claim 1, wherein the product is a cosmetic product for being brought into direct contact with a human skin, the plurality of polygonic zinc oxide prismatic platelets comprising silver as a further metal in an elementary form, or in a form of one or more oxides and/or one or more salts of silver. 3. The product according to the claim 1, wherein the plurality of polygonic zinc oxide prismatic platelets comprise one or more of aluminium, gallium and indium, as a further metal in an elementary form, or in a form of one or more oxides and/or one or more salts of aluminium, gallium and indium. 4. The product according to the claim 1, wherein the plurality of polygonic zinc oxide prismatic platelets comprise one or both of iron and cobalt as a further metal in an elementary form, or in a form of one or more oxides and/or one or more salts of iron and cobalt. 5. A method for producing a product comprising a plurality of polygonic zinc oxide prismatic platelets composed of a plurality of primary nanoparticles, the plurality of polygonic zinc oxide prismatic platelets having a size in micron-scale and a median specific surface area of more than 25 square meters per gram, the plurality of polygonic zinc oxide prismatic platelets having a thickness providing a light transmittance of more than 30% at a wavelength of 600 nanometers; the method comprising preparation of a medium comprising zinc or a plurality of compounds of zinc at a concentration within a range between 1.55 and 7.75 moles of zinc per liter, in a medium suitable to substitute Zn ions by releasing free protons thereby forming a complex structure including Zn, agitation of the medium in a vessel at a temperature within a range between 50° C. and 320° C. for a duration up to 10 hours to obtain a suspension, filtering the suspension to obtain a filtrate including solid particles, drying the filtrate, to obtain a dried filtrate calcination of the dried filtrate; 6. The method according to the claim 5, wherein the agitation is performed using a shaft provided with a plurality of radial flow impellers distributed on the shaft. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein a ratio obtained by a diameter of the plurality of radial flow impellers with respect to a shaft axis at a projection on the shaft, to a diameter of the vessel at a same projection on the shaft is between 0.3 and 0.4. 8. The method according to claim 5, wherein a Zn input in a preparation of the medium comprises ZnO. 9. The method according to claim 5, wherein the medium comprises one of the further metals selected from the list consisting of aluminium, gallium, silver, indium, iron and cobalt as an admixture, the further metal being in an elementary form, or in a form of one or more oxides and/or one or more salts of the further metal, and an initial concentration of the admixture in the medium being within a range between 0.01 and 20% (mol/mol) of with respect to Zn. 10. The method according to claim 5, wherein the medium comprises one or more of the compounds selected from the list consisting of glycerin, glycolates, ethylene glycol, 1,3 propanediol, tri-hydroxy benzene, tri-hydroxy benzoic acid, tri-hydroxy butane and tri-hydroxy pentane; preferably glycerin. 11. The method according to claim 5, wherein the agitation is performed at a temperature within a range between 200° C. and 280° C., preferably between 220° C. and 270° C. 12. The method according to claim 5, wherein the agitation is performed for a duration within a range between 45 and 75 minutes, preferably between 55 and 65 minutes. 13. The method according to claim 5, wherein the filtering is performed using a further medium having a lower polarity relative to the medium used in the preparation of the medium, the further medium comprising preferably isopropyl alcohol. 14. The method according to claim 5, wherein the drying of the filtrate is performed at a temperature below 65° C. 15. The method according to claim 5, wherein the calcination is performed at a temperature within a range between 200° C. and 700° C., preferably between 300° C. and 500° C., more preferably between 325° C. and 425° C. 16. The method according to claim 8, wherein an impelling is performed using a shaft provided with a plurality of radial flow impellers distributed on the shaft. 17. The method according to claim 8, wherein a ratio obtained by a diameter of the plurality of radial flow impeller with respect to a shaft axis at a projection on the shaft, to a diameter of the vessel at a same projection on the shaft is between 0.3 and 0.4. 18. The method according to claim 9, wherein an impelling is performed using a shaft provided with a plurality of radial flow impellers distributed on the shaft. 19. The method according to claim 9, wherein a ratio obtained by a diameter of the plurality of radial flow impeller with respect to a shaft axis at a projection on the shaft, to a diameter of the vessel at a same projection on the shaft is between 0.3 and 0.4. 20. The method according to claim 9, wherein a Zn input in a preparation of the medium comprises ZnO.

A method for producing polygonic Zn oxide platelets having a median specific surface area of more than 25 square meters per gram, in controlled size and morphology, the method comprising: preparing a medium including Zn or its compounds at a concentration within the range between 1.55 and 7.75 moles of Zn/L, in a medium suitable to substitute Zn ions by releasing free protons thereby forming a complex structure including Zn; agitation of the medium in a vessel at a temperature within the range between 50 and 320° for a duration up to 10 hours to obtain a suspension; filtering the suspension to obtain a filtrate including solid particles; drying and then calcination of the dried filtrate; wherein the agitation is performed with one or more radial flow impellers so that the Reynolds' number in the vessel is higher than 2500 and lower than 10000.1. A product comprising a plurality of polygonic zinc oxide prismatic platelets having a size in micron-scale and a median specific surface area of more than 25 square meters per gram, wherein the plurality of polygonic zinc oxide prismatic platelets are composed of a plurality of primary nanoparticles, and the plurality of polygonic zinc oxide prismatic platelets have a thickness providing a light transmittance of more than 30% at a wavelength of 600 nanometers. 2. The product according to the claim 1, wherein the product is a cosmetic product for being brought into direct contact with a human skin, the plurality of polygonic zinc oxide prismatic platelets comprising silver as a further metal in an elementary form, or in a form of one or more oxides and/or one or more salts of silver. 3. The product according to the claim 1, wherein the plurality of polygonic zinc oxide prismatic platelets comprise one or more of aluminium, gallium and indium, as a further metal in an elementary form, or in a form of one or more oxides and/or one or more salts of aluminium, gallium and indium. 4. The product according to the claim 1, wherein the plurality of polygonic zinc oxide prismatic platelets comprise one or both of iron and cobalt as a further metal in an elementary form, or in a form of one or more oxides and/or one or more salts of iron and cobalt. 5. A method for producing a product comprising a plurality of polygonic zinc oxide prismatic platelets composed of a plurality of primary nanoparticles, the plurality of polygonic zinc oxide prismatic platelets having a size in micron-scale and a median specific surface area of more than 25 square meters per gram, the plurality of polygonic zinc oxide prismatic platelets having a thickness providing a light transmittance of more than 30% at a wavelength of 600 nanometers; the method comprising preparation of a medium comprising zinc or a plurality of compounds of zinc at a concentration within a range between 1.55 and 7.75 moles of zinc per liter, in a medium suitable to substitute Zn ions by releasing free protons thereby forming a complex structure including Zn, agitation of the medium in a vessel at a temperature within a range between 50° C. and 320° C. for a duration up to 10 hours to obtain a suspension, filtering the suspension to obtain a filtrate including solid particles, drying the filtrate, to obtain a dried filtrate calcination of the dried filtrate; 6. The method according to the claim 5, wherein the agitation is performed using a shaft provided with a plurality of radial flow impellers distributed on the shaft. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein a ratio obtained by a diameter of the plurality of radial flow impellers with respect to a shaft axis at a projection on the shaft, to a diameter of the vessel at a same projection on the shaft is between 0.3 and 0.4. 8. The method according to claim 5, wherein a Zn input in a preparation of the medium comprises ZnO. 9. The method according to claim 5, wherein the medium comprises one of the further metals selected from the list consisting of aluminium, gallium, silver, indium, iron and cobalt as an admixture, the further metal being in an elementary form, or in a form of one or more oxides and/or one or more salts of the further metal, and an initial concentration of the admixture in the medium being within a range between 0.01 and 20% (mol/mol) of with respect to Zn. 10. The method according to claim 5, wherein the medium comprises one or more of the compounds selected from the list consisting of glycerin, glycolates, ethylene glycol, 1,3 propanediol, tri-hydroxy benzene, tri-hydroxy benzoic acid, tri-hydroxy butane and tri-hydroxy pentane; preferably glycerin. 11. The method according to claim 5, wherein the agitation is performed at a temperature within a range between 200° C. and 280° C., preferably between 220° C. and 270° C. 12. The method according to claim 5, wherein the agitation is performed for a duration within a range between 45 and 75 minutes, preferably between 55 and 65 minutes. 13. The method according to claim 5, wherein the filtering is performed using a further medium having a lower polarity relative to the medium used in the preparation of the medium, the further medium comprising preferably isopropyl alcohol. 14. The method according to claim 5, wherein the drying of the filtrate is performed at a temperature below 65° C. 15. The method according to claim 5, wherein the calcination is performed at a temperature within a range between 200° C. and 700° C., preferably between 300° C. and 500° C., more preferably between 325° C. and 425° C. 16. The method according to claim 8, wherein an impelling is performed using a shaft provided with a plurality of radial flow impellers distributed on the shaft. 17. The method according to claim 8, wherein a ratio obtained by a diameter of the plurality of radial flow impeller with respect to a shaft axis at a projection on the shaft, to a diameter of the vessel at a same projection on the shaft is between 0.3 and 0.4. 18. The method according to claim 9, wherein an impelling is performed using a shaft provided with a plurality of radial flow impellers distributed on the shaft. 19. The method according to claim 9, wherein a ratio obtained by a diameter of the plurality of radial flow impeller with respect to a shaft axis at a projection on the shaft, to a diameter of the vessel at a same projection on the shaft is between 0.3 and 0.4. 20. The method according to claim 9, wherein a Zn input in a preparation of the medium comprises ZnO.

In order to meet a demand for banknote handling using serial numbers, a banknote handling apparatus is provided with a recognition unit configured to read a serial number of a banknote, and a control unit configured to determine a first type, of the banknote, related to the serial number, based on the serial number read by the recognition unit, and determine a second type, of the banknote, related to authenticity and fitness, based on the first type.

1. A banknote handling apparatus comprising: a recognition unit configured to read a serial number of a banknote; and a control unit configured to determine a first type, of the banknote, related to the serial number, based on the serial number read by the recognition unit, and determine a second type, of the banknote, related to authenticity and fitness, based on the first type. 2. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a memory unit configured to store therein correspondence between a plurality of first types and a plurality of second types, wherein the control unit is configured to determine a first type, among the plurality of first types stored in the memory unit, to which the banknote whose serial number has been read by the recognition unit corresponds, thereby determining the second type of the banknote. 3. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the memory unit is configured to further store therein priority orders of the first types, and when the banknote whose serial number has been read by the recognition unit corresponds to a plurality of the first types, the control unit is configured to select one of the first types based on the priority orders, thereby determining the second type of the banknote. 4. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the memory unit is configured to further store therein priority orders of the second types, and when the banknote whose serial number has been read by the recognition unit corresponds to a plurality of the first types so that the single banknote is sorted into a plurality of the second types, the control unit is configured to determine one of the second types based on the priority orders. 5. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 1 further comprising an operation unit configured to set correspondence between the first types and the second types. 6. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first types include a type indicating that the serial number of the banknote matches a serial number included in a serial number list prepared in advance. 7. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first types include a type indicating that a plurality of serial numbers printed on a single banknote include a serial number different from the other serial numbers. 8. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first types include a type indicating that characters have not been ascertained at one or more digits of the serial number and the number or positions of the digits at which the characters are uncertain satisfies a predetermined condition. 9. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the second types include a type indicating a genuine and fit note, a type indicating a genuine and unfit note, and a type indicating a counterfeit note. 10. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the second types further include a type indicating a reject note. 11. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the second types further include a type indicating a suspect note. 12. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the recognition unit is configured to further recognize a feature, of the banknote, other than the serial number, and the control unit is configured to determine the second type of the banknote, based on the feature other than the serial number, the feature having been recognized by the recognition unit. 13. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 12, wherein when the second type determined based on the first type of the banknote is different from the second type determined based on the feature, of the banknote, other than the serial number, the control unit is configured to determine the second type of the banknote based on priority orders of the second types. 14. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the control unit is configure to determine the second type based on the feature other than the serial number, and thereafter, perform a recognition process of determining the second type based on the first type. 15. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the recognition unit is configured to recognize an optical feature, of the banknote, which is the feature other than the serial number by using a captured image of the banknote. 16. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: an inlet unit in which banknotes are inserted; a plurality of discharge units through which banknotes are discharged; and a transport unit configured to transport banknotes, the transport unit connecting the insertion unit to the discharge units, wherein the control unit is configured to control, based on the second type, the transport unit so as to transport the banknotes inserted from the inlet unit to any of the plurality of discharge units. 17. A banknote handling method of sorting banknotes for each type by a banknote handling apparatus, the method comprising: reading a serial number of a banknote; determining a first type of the banknote, based on the read serial number of the banknote; and determining a second type, of the banknote, related to authenticity and fitness, based on the first type.

In order to meet a demand for banknote handling using serial numbers, a banknote handling apparatus is provided with a recognition unit configured to read a serial number of a banknote, and a control unit configured to determine a first type, of the banknote, related to the serial number, based on the serial number read by the recognition unit, and determine a second type, of the banknote, related to authenticity and fitness, based on the first type.1. A banknote handling apparatus comprising: a recognition unit configured to read a serial number of a banknote; and a control unit configured to determine a first type, of the banknote, related to the serial number, based on the serial number read by the recognition unit, and determine a second type, of the banknote, related to authenticity and fitness, based on the first type. 2. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a memory unit configured to store therein correspondence between a plurality of first types and a plurality of second types, wherein the control unit is configured to determine a first type, among the plurality of first types stored in the memory unit, to which the banknote whose serial number has been read by the recognition unit corresponds, thereby determining the second type of the banknote. 3. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the memory unit is configured to further store therein priority orders of the first types, and when the banknote whose serial number has been read by the recognition unit corresponds to a plurality of the first types, the control unit is configured to select one of the first types based on the priority orders, thereby determining the second type of the banknote. 4. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the memory unit is configured to further store therein priority orders of the second types, and when the banknote whose serial number has been read by the recognition unit corresponds to a plurality of the first types so that the single banknote is sorted into a plurality of the second types, the control unit is configured to determine one of the second types based on the priority orders. 5. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 1 further comprising an operation unit configured to set correspondence between the first types and the second types. 6. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first types include a type indicating that the serial number of the banknote matches a serial number included in a serial number list prepared in advance. 7. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first types include a type indicating that a plurality of serial numbers printed on a single banknote include a serial number different from the other serial numbers. 8. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first types include a type indicating that characters have not been ascertained at one or more digits of the serial number and the number or positions of the digits at which the characters are uncertain satisfies a predetermined condition. 9. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the second types include a type indicating a genuine and fit note, a type indicating a genuine and unfit note, and a type indicating a counterfeit note. 10. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the second types further include a type indicating a reject note. 11. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the second types further include a type indicating a suspect note. 12. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the recognition unit is configured to further recognize a feature, of the banknote, other than the serial number, and the control unit is configured to determine the second type of the banknote, based on the feature other than the serial number, the feature having been recognized by the recognition unit. 13. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 12, wherein when the second type determined based on the first type of the banknote is different from the second type determined based on the feature, of the banknote, other than the serial number, the control unit is configured to determine the second type of the banknote based on priority orders of the second types. 14. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the control unit is configure to determine the second type based on the feature other than the serial number, and thereafter, perform a recognition process of determining the second type based on the first type. 15. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the recognition unit is configured to recognize an optical feature, of the banknote, which is the feature other than the serial number by using a captured image of the banknote. 16. The banknote handling apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: an inlet unit in which banknotes are inserted; a plurality of discharge units through which banknotes are discharged; and a transport unit configured to transport banknotes, the transport unit connecting the insertion unit to the discharge units, wherein the control unit is configured to control, based on the second type, the transport unit so as to transport the banknotes inserted from the inlet unit to any of the plurality of discharge units. 17. A banknote handling method of sorting banknotes for each type by a banknote handling apparatus, the method comprising: reading a serial number of a banknote; determining a first type of the banknote, based on the read serial number of the banknote; and determining a second type, of the banknote, related to authenticity and fitness, based on the first type.

Modulation of neural activity of a subject's aortic depressor nerve (ADN) and/or carotid sinus nerve (CSN) can modulate baroreceptor reflex function, thereby providing ways of treating or preventing disorders associated with malfunction or loss of the baroreceptor reflex.

1. A system for modulating neural activity in a subject's aortic depressor nerve (ADN) and/or carotid sinus nerve (CSN), the system comprising: at least one neural interfacing element having at least one electrode arranged to be in signaling contact with the nerve, and at least one voltage or current source arranged to generate at least one signal to be applied to the nerve via the at least one electrode to modulate the neural activity of the nerve to produce a change in a physiological parameter in the subject, wherein the change in the physiological parameter is one or more of the group consisting of: a decrease in mean arterial pressure, a decrease in heart rate, an increase in minute ventilation, an improvement in the regularity of the heart rhythm, an improvement in heart conduction, an increase in heart contractility, a decrease in vascular resistance, an increase in cardiac output, an increase in blood flow, an increase in minute ventilation, an increase in a hemodynamic response, a decrease in a chronotropic evoked response, a decrease in a dromotropic evoked response, a decrease in a lusitropic evoked response, a decrease in an inotropic evoked response, and a decrease in pain perception; wherein the total intensity of the signal received by the nerve is below a predetermined threshold, the predetermined threshold defined as the total intensity of a signal required to be received by the ADN and/or CSN to produce a ≤30 mmHg drop in the mean arterial blood pressure, and/or wherein the signal is an intermittent signal with a predetermined duty cycle. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one signal is to be applied to the ADN, and the at least one electrode is suitable for placement on or around the ADN. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one signal is to be applied to the CSN, wherein the at least one electrode is suitable for placement on or around the CSN. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein a first signal is to be applied to the ADN and a second signal is to be applied to the CSN, wherein a first electrode is suitable for placement on or around ADN and a second electrode is suitable for placement on or around the CSN, wherein the first signal is to be applied via the first electrode and the second signal is to be applied via the second electrode. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal is to be applied to the ADN and/or CSN unilaterally or bilaterally. 6. The system of claim 4, wherein the signal is to be applied to the ADN and the CNS ipsilaterally. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the predetermined threshold is ≤30 μs. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the total intensity received by the nerve from the signal is between 0.1TINT and 0.9TINT, where TINT is the predetermined threshold. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal has a predetermined duty cycle of ≤65%. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal has a pulse width of ≤1 ms. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the frequency of the signal is ≤70 Hz. 12. The system of claim 1, wherein the amplitude of the signal is 0.4-2 mA. 13. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal is applied in a (ONy-OFFz)n pattern where n>1, y>0, and z>0, and the signal is applied for: (a) ≤20 s, or (b) ≤30 min at any given time up to 12 times a day. 14. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal is to be applied to the nerve before waking. 15.-16. (canceled) 17. The system of claim 1, comprising a detector (e.g. physiological sensor subsystem) configured to: detect one or more signals indicative of one or more physiological parameters; determine from the one or more signals one or more physiological parameters; determine the one or more physiological parameters indicative of worsening of the physiological parameter; and cause the signal to be applied to the ADN and/or CSN via the at least one electrode, wherein the physiological parameter is one or more of the group consisting of: systemic arterial blood pressure (systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, or mean arterial pressure), heart rate, heart rhythm, electrical conduction in the heart and heart contractility (e.g. ventricular pressure, ventricular contractility, activation-recovery interval, effective refractory period, stroke volume, ejection fraction, end diastolic fraction, stroke work, arterial elastance), vascular resistance (e.g. total peripheral resistance), cardiac output, rate of blood flow (e.g. systemic blood flow, or cerebral blood flow), minute ventilation, and pain perception. 18. The system of claim 17, further comprising a memory arranged to store data pertaining to physiological parameters indicative of a disorder associated with malfunction or loss of the baroreceptor reflex, wherein determining the one or more physiological parameters indicative of worsening of the physiological parameter comprises comparing the one or more physiological parameters with the data. 19. The system of claim 17, wherein one of the physiological parameters is the arterial blood pressure, the system further comprising one or more electrical sensors for attachment to the heart. 20-21. (canceled) 22. A method of treating or preventing a disorder associated with malfunction or loss of the baroreceptor reflex in a subject by reversibly modulating neural activity of a subject's aortic depressor nerve (ADN) and/or carotid sinus nerve (CSN), comprising: (i) implanting in the subject a system of claim 1; positioning the neural interfacing element in signaling contact with the ADN and/or CSN; and optionally (iii) activating the system. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the method is for treating or preventing a cardiovascular disorder and a disorder associated therewith, or a cardiorespiratory and a disorder associated therewith. 24. A method for treating or preventing a disorder associated with malfunction or loss of the baroreceptor reflex, comprising: applying a signal to a subject's aortic depressor nerve (ADN) and/or carotid sinus nerve (CSN) via at least one neural interfacing element having at least one electrode in signaling contact with the ADN and/or CSN, such that the signal reversibly modulates neural activity of the ADN and/or CSN to produce a change in a physiological parameter in the subject, wherein the change in the physiological parameter is one or more of the group consisting of: a decrease in mean arterial pressure, a decrease in heart rate, an increase in minute ventilation, an improvement in the regularity of the heart rhythm, an improvement in heart conduction, an increase in heart contractility, a decrease in vascular resistance, an increase in cardiac output, an increase in blood flow, an increase in minute ventilation, an increase in a hemodynamic response, a decrease in a chronotropic evoked response, a decrease in a dromotropic evoked response, a decrease in a lusitropic evoked response, a decrease in an inotropic evoked response, and a decrease in pain perception, wherein the total intensity of the signal received by the nerve is below a predetermined threshold, the predetermined threshold defined as the total intensity of a signal required to be received by the ADN and/or CSN to produce a ≤30 mmHg drop in the mean arterial blood pressure, and/or wherein the signal is an intermittent signal with a predetermined duty cycle. 25.-34. (canceled)

Modulation of neural activity of a subject's aortic depressor nerve (ADN) and/or carotid sinus nerve (CSN) can modulate baroreceptor reflex function, thereby providing ways of treating or preventing disorders associated with malfunction or loss of the baroreceptor reflex.1. A system for modulating neural activity in a subject's aortic depressor nerve (ADN) and/or carotid sinus nerve (CSN), the system comprising: at least one neural interfacing element having at least one electrode arranged to be in signaling contact with the nerve, and at least one voltage or current source arranged to generate at least one signal to be applied to the nerve via the at least one electrode to modulate the neural activity of the nerve to produce a change in a physiological parameter in the subject, wherein the change in the physiological parameter is one or more of the group consisting of: a decrease in mean arterial pressure, a decrease in heart rate, an increase in minute ventilation, an improvement in the regularity of the heart rhythm, an improvement in heart conduction, an increase in heart contractility, a decrease in vascular resistance, an increase in cardiac output, an increase in blood flow, an increase in minute ventilation, an increase in a hemodynamic response, a decrease in a chronotropic evoked response, a decrease in a dromotropic evoked response, a decrease in a lusitropic evoked response, a decrease in an inotropic evoked response, and a decrease in pain perception; wherein the total intensity of the signal received by the nerve is below a predetermined threshold, the predetermined threshold defined as the total intensity of a signal required to be received by the ADN and/or CSN to produce a ≤30 mmHg drop in the mean arterial blood pressure, and/or wherein the signal is an intermittent signal with a predetermined duty cycle. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one signal is to be applied to the ADN, and the at least one electrode is suitable for placement on or around the ADN. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one signal is to be applied to the CSN, wherein the at least one electrode is suitable for placement on or around the CSN. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein a first signal is to be applied to the ADN and a second signal is to be applied to the CSN, wherein a first electrode is suitable for placement on or around ADN and a second electrode is suitable for placement on or around the CSN, wherein the first signal is to be applied via the first electrode and the second signal is to be applied via the second electrode. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal is to be applied to the ADN and/or CSN unilaterally or bilaterally. 6. The system of claim 4, wherein the signal is to be applied to the ADN and the CNS ipsilaterally. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the predetermined threshold is ≤30 μs. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the total intensity received by the nerve from the signal is between 0.1TINT and 0.9TINT, where TINT is the predetermined threshold. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal has a predetermined duty cycle of ≤65%. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal has a pulse width of ≤1 ms. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the frequency of the signal is ≤70 Hz. 12. The system of claim 1, wherein the amplitude of the signal is 0.4-2 mA. 13. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal is applied in a (ONy-OFFz)n pattern where n>1, y>0, and z>0, and the signal is applied for: (a) ≤20 s, or (b) ≤30 min at any given time up to 12 times a day. 14. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal is to be applied to the nerve before waking. 15.-16. (canceled) 17. The system of claim 1, comprising a detector (e.g. physiological sensor subsystem) configured to: detect one or more signals indicative of one or more physiological parameters; determine from the one or more signals one or more physiological parameters; determine the one or more physiological parameters indicative of worsening of the physiological parameter; and cause the signal to be applied to the ADN and/or CSN via the at least one electrode, wherein the physiological parameter is one or more of the group consisting of: systemic arterial blood pressure (systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, or mean arterial pressure), heart rate, heart rhythm, electrical conduction in the heart and heart contractility (e.g. ventricular pressure, ventricular contractility, activation-recovery interval, effective refractory period, stroke volume, ejection fraction, end diastolic fraction, stroke work, arterial elastance), vascular resistance (e.g. total peripheral resistance), cardiac output, rate of blood flow (e.g. systemic blood flow, or cerebral blood flow), minute ventilation, and pain perception. 18. The system of claim 17, further comprising a memory arranged to store data pertaining to physiological parameters indicative of a disorder associated with malfunction or loss of the baroreceptor reflex, wherein determining the one or more physiological parameters indicative of worsening of the physiological parameter comprises comparing the one or more physiological parameters with the data. 19. The system of claim 17, wherein one of the physiological parameters is the arterial blood pressure, the system further comprising one or more electrical sensors for attachment to the heart. 20-21. (canceled) 22. A method of treating or preventing a disorder associated with malfunction or loss of the baroreceptor reflex in a subject by reversibly modulating neural activity of a subject's aortic depressor nerve (ADN) and/or carotid sinus nerve (CSN), comprising: (i) implanting in the subject a system of claim 1; positioning the neural interfacing element in signaling contact with the ADN and/or CSN; and optionally (iii) activating the system. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the method is for treating or preventing a cardiovascular disorder and a disorder associated therewith, or a cardiorespiratory and a disorder associated therewith. 24. A method for treating or preventing a disorder associated with malfunction or loss of the baroreceptor reflex, comprising: applying a signal to a subject's aortic depressor nerve (ADN) and/or carotid sinus nerve (CSN) via at least one neural interfacing element having at least one electrode in signaling contact with the ADN and/or CSN, such that the signal reversibly modulates neural activity of the ADN and/or CSN to produce a change in a physiological parameter in the subject, wherein the change in the physiological parameter is one or more of the group consisting of: a decrease in mean arterial pressure, a decrease in heart rate, an increase in minute ventilation, an improvement in the regularity of the heart rhythm, an improvement in heart conduction, an increase in heart contractility, a decrease in vascular resistance, an increase in cardiac output, an increase in blood flow, an increase in minute ventilation, an increase in a hemodynamic response, a decrease in a chronotropic evoked response, a decrease in a dromotropic evoked response, a decrease in a lusitropic evoked response, a decrease in an inotropic evoked response, and a decrease in pain perception, wherein the total intensity of the signal received by the nerve is below a predetermined threshold, the predetermined threshold defined as the total intensity of a signal required to be received by the ADN and/or CSN to produce a ≤30 mmHg drop in the mean arterial blood pressure, and/or wherein the signal is an intermittent signal with a predetermined duty cycle. 25.-34. (canceled)

Modulation of neural activity of a subject's aortic depressor nerve (ADN) and/or carotid sinus nerve (CSN) can modulate baroreceptor reflex function, thereby providing ways of treating or preventing disorders associated with malfunction or loss of the baroreceptor reflex.

1. A system for modulating neural activity in a subject's aortic depressor nerve (ADN) and/or carotid sinus nerve (CSN), the system comprising: at least one neural interfacing element having at least one electrode arranged to be in signaling contact with the nerve, and at least one voltage or current source arranged to generate at least one signal to be applied to the nerve via the at least one electrode to modulate the neural activity of the nerve to produce a change in a physiological parameter in the subject, wherein the change in the physiological parameter is one or more of the group consisting of: a decrease in mean arterial pressure, a decrease in heart rate, an increase in minute ventilation, an improvement in the regularity of the heart rhythm, an improvement in heart conduction, an increase in heart contractility, a decrease in vascular resistance, an increase in cardiac output, an increase in blood flow, an increase in minute ventilation, an increase in a hemodynamic response, a decrease in a chronotropic evoked response, a decrease in a dromotropic evoked response, a decrease in a lusitropic evoked response, a decrease in an inotropic evoked response, and a decrease in pain perception; wherein the total intensity of the signal received by the nerve is below a predetermined threshold, the predetermined threshold defined as the total intensity of a signal required to be received by the ADN and/or CSN to produce a ≤30 mmHg drop in the mean arterial blood pressure, and/or wherein the signal is an intermittent signal with a predetermined duty cycle. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one signal is to be applied to the ADN, and the at least one electrode is suitable for placement on or around the ADN. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one signal is to be applied to the CSN, wherein the at least one electrode is suitable for placement on or around the CSN. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein a first signal is to be applied to the ADN and a second signal is to be applied to the CSN, wherein a first electrode is suitable for placement on or around ADN and a second electrode is suitable for placement on or around the CSN, wherein the first signal is to be applied via the first electrode and the second signal is to be applied via the second electrode. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal is to be applied to the ADN and/or CSN unilaterally or bilaterally. 6. The system of claim 4, wherein the signal is to be applied to the ADN and the CNS ipsilaterally. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the predetermined threshold is ≤30 μs. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the total intensity received by the nerve from the signal is between 0.1TINT and 0.9TINT, where TINT is the predetermined threshold. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal has a predetermined duty cycle of ≤65%. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal has a pulse width of ≤1 ms. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the frequency of the signal is ≤70 Hz. 12. The system of claim 1, wherein the amplitude of the signal is 0.4-2 mA. 13. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal is applied in a (ONy-OFFz)n pattern where n>1, y>0, and z>0, and the signal is applied for: (a) ≤20 s, or (b) ≤30 min at any given time up to 12 times a day. 14. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal is to be applied to the nerve before waking. 15.-16. (canceled) 17. The system of claim 1, comprising a detector (e.g. physiological sensor subsystem) configured to: detect one or more signals indicative of one or more physiological parameters; determine from the one or more signals one or more physiological parameters; determine the one or more physiological parameters indicative of worsening of the physiological parameter; and cause the signal to be applied to the ADN and/or CSN via the at least one electrode, wherein the physiological parameter is one or more of the group consisting of: systemic arterial blood pressure (systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, or mean arterial pressure), heart rate, heart rhythm, electrical conduction in the heart and heart contractility (e.g. ventricular pressure, ventricular contractility, activation-recovery interval, effective refractory period, stroke volume, ejection fraction, end diastolic fraction, stroke work, arterial elastance), vascular resistance (e.g. total peripheral resistance), cardiac output, rate of blood flow (e.g. systemic blood flow, or cerebral blood flow), minute ventilation, and pain perception. 18. The system of claim 17, further comprising a memory arranged to store data pertaining to physiological parameters indicative of a disorder associated with malfunction or loss of the baroreceptor reflex, wherein determining the one or more physiological parameters indicative of worsening of the physiological parameter comprises comparing the one or more physiological parameters with the data. 19. The system of claim 17, wherein one of the physiological parameters is the arterial blood pressure, the system further comprising one or more electrical sensors for attachment to the heart. 20-21. (canceled) 22. A method of treating or preventing a disorder associated with malfunction or loss of the baroreceptor reflex in a subject by reversibly modulating neural activity of a subject's aortic depressor nerve (ADN) and/or carotid sinus nerve (CSN), comprising: (i) implanting in the subject a system of claim 1; positioning the neural interfacing element in signaling contact with the ADN and/or CSN; and optionally (iii) activating the system. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the method is for treating or preventing a cardiovascular disorder and a disorder associated therewith, or a cardiorespiratory and a disorder associated therewith. 24. A method for treating or preventing a disorder associated with malfunction or loss of the baroreceptor reflex, comprising: applying a signal to a subject's aortic depressor nerve (ADN) and/or carotid sinus nerve (CSN) via at least one neural interfacing element having at least one electrode in signaling contact with the ADN and/or CSN, such that the signal reversibly modulates neural activity of the ADN and/or CSN to produce a change in a physiological parameter in the subject, wherein the change in the physiological parameter is one or more of the group consisting of: a decrease in mean arterial pressure, a decrease in heart rate, an increase in minute ventilation, an improvement in the regularity of the heart rhythm, an improvement in heart conduction, an increase in heart contractility, a decrease in vascular resistance, an increase in cardiac output, an increase in blood flow, an increase in minute ventilation, an increase in a hemodynamic response, a decrease in a chronotropic evoked response, a decrease in a dromotropic evoked response, a decrease in a lusitropic evoked response, a decrease in an inotropic evoked response, and a decrease in pain perception, wherein the total intensity of the signal received by the nerve is below a predetermined threshold, the predetermined threshold defined as the total intensity of a signal required to be received by the ADN and/or CSN to produce a ≤30 mmHg drop in the mean arterial blood pressure, and/or wherein the signal is an intermittent signal with a predetermined duty cycle. 25.-34. (canceled)

Modulation of neural activity of a subject's aortic depressor nerve (ADN) and/or carotid sinus nerve (CSN) can modulate baroreceptor reflex function, thereby providing ways of treating or preventing disorders associated with malfunction or loss of the baroreceptor reflex.1. A system for modulating neural activity in a subject's aortic depressor nerve (ADN) and/or carotid sinus nerve (CSN), the system comprising: at least one neural interfacing element having at least one electrode arranged to be in signaling contact with the nerve, and at least one voltage or current source arranged to generate at least one signal to be applied to the nerve via the at least one electrode to modulate the neural activity of the nerve to produce a change in a physiological parameter in the subject, wherein the change in the physiological parameter is one or more of the group consisting of: a decrease in mean arterial pressure, a decrease in heart rate, an increase in minute ventilation, an improvement in the regularity of the heart rhythm, an improvement in heart conduction, an increase in heart contractility, a decrease in vascular resistance, an increase in cardiac output, an increase in blood flow, an increase in minute ventilation, an increase in a hemodynamic response, a decrease in a chronotropic evoked response, a decrease in a dromotropic evoked response, a decrease in a lusitropic evoked response, a decrease in an inotropic evoked response, and a decrease in pain perception; wherein the total intensity of the signal received by the nerve is below a predetermined threshold, the predetermined threshold defined as the total intensity of a signal required to be received by the ADN and/or CSN to produce a ≤30 mmHg drop in the mean arterial blood pressure, and/or wherein the signal is an intermittent signal with a predetermined duty cycle. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one signal is to be applied to the ADN, and the at least one electrode is suitable for placement on or around the ADN. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one signal is to be applied to the CSN, wherein the at least one electrode is suitable for placement on or around the CSN. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein a first signal is to be applied to the ADN and a second signal is to be applied to the CSN, wherein a first electrode is suitable for placement on or around ADN and a second electrode is suitable for placement on or around the CSN, wherein the first signal is to be applied via the first electrode and the second signal is to be applied via the second electrode. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal is to be applied to the ADN and/or CSN unilaterally or bilaterally. 6. The system of claim 4, wherein the signal is to be applied to the ADN and the CNS ipsilaterally. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the predetermined threshold is ≤30 μs. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the total intensity received by the nerve from the signal is between 0.1TINT and 0.9TINT, where TINT is the predetermined threshold. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal has a predetermined duty cycle of ≤65%. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal has a pulse width of ≤1 ms. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the frequency of the signal is ≤70 Hz. 12. The system of claim 1, wherein the amplitude of the signal is 0.4-2 mA. 13. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal is applied in a (ONy-OFFz)n pattern where n>1, y>0, and z>0, and the signal is applied for: (a) ≤20 s, or (b) ≤30 min at any given time up to 12 times a day. 14. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal is to be applied to the nerve before waking. 15.-16. (canceled) 17. The system of claim 1, comprising a detector (e.g. physiological sensor subsystem) configured to: detect one or more signals indicative of one or more physiological parameters; determine from the one or more signals one or more physiological parameters; determine the one or more physiological parameters indicative of worsening of the physiological parameter; and cause the signal to be applied to the ADN and/or CSN via the at least one electrode, wherein the physiological parameter is one or more of the group consisting of: systemic arterial blood pressure (systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, or mean arterial pressure), heart rate, heart rhythm, electrical conduction in the heart and heart contractility (e.g. ventricular pressure, ventricular contractility, activation-recovery interval, effective refractory period, stroke volume, ejection fraction, end diastolic fraction, stroke work, arterial elastance), vascular resistance (e.g. total peripheral resistance), cardiac output, rate of blood flow (e.g. systemic blood flow, or cerebral blood flow), minute ventilation, and pain perception. 18. The system of claim 17, further comprising a memory arranged to store data pertaining to physiological parameters indicative of a disorder associated with malfunction or loss of the baroreceptor reflex, wherein determining the one or more physiological parameters indicative of worsening of the physiological parameter comprises comparing the one or more physiological parameters with the data. 19. The system of claim 17, wherein one of the physiological parameters is the arterial blood pressure, the system further comprising one or more electrical sensors for attachment to the heart. 20-21. (canceled) 22. A method of treating or preventing a disorder associated with malfunction or loss of the baroreceptor reflex in a subject by reversibly modulating neural activity of a subject's aortic depressor nerve (ADN) and/or carotid sinus nerve (CSN), comprising: (i) implanting in the subject a system of claim 1; positioning the neural interfacing element in signaling contact with the ADN and/or CSN; and optionally (iii) activating the system. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the method is for treating or preventing a cardiovascular disorder and a disorder associated therewith, or a cardiorespiratory and a disorder associated therewith. 24. A method for treating or preventing a disorder associated with malfunction or loss of the baroreceptor reflex, comprising: applying a signal to a subject's aortic depressor nerve (ADN) and/or carotid sinus nerve (CSN) via at least one neural interfacing element having at least one electrode in signaling contact with the ADN and/or CSN, such that the signal reversibly modulates neural activity of the ADN and/or CSN to produce a change in a physiological parameter in the subject, wherein the change in the physiological parameter is one or more of the group consisting of: a decrease in mean arterial pressure, a decrease in heart rate, an increase in minute ventilation, an improvement in the regularity of the heart rhythm, an improvement in heart conduction, an increase in heart contractility, a decrease in vascular resistance, an increase in cardiac output, an increase in blood flow, an increase in minute ventilation, an increase in a hemodynamic response, a decrease in a chronotropic evoked response, a decrease in a dromotropic evoked response, a decrease in a lusitropic evoked response, a decrease in an inotropic evoked response, and a decrease in pain perception, wherein the total intensity of the signal received by the nerve is below a predetermined threshold, the predetermined threshold defined as the total intensity of a signal required to be received by the ADN and/or CSN to produce a ≤30 mmHg drop in the mean arterial blood pressure, and/or wherein the signal is an intermittent signal with a predetermined duty cycle. 25.-34. (canceled)

Modulation of neural activity of a subject's aortic depressor nerve (ADN) and/or carotid sinus nerve (CSN) can modulate baroreceptor reflex function, thereby providing ways of treating or preventing disorders associated with malfunction or loss of the baroreceptor reflex.

1. A system for modulating neural activity in a subject's aortic depressor nerve (ADN) and/or carotid sinus nerve (CSN), the system comprising: at least one neural interfacing element having at least one electrode arranged to be in signaling contact with the nerve, and at least one voltage or current source arranged to generate at least one signal to be applied to the nerve via the at least one electrode to modulate the neural activity of the nerve to produce a change in a physiological parameter in the subject, wherein the change in the physiological parameter is one or more of the group consisting of: a decrease in mean arterial pressure, a decrease in heart rate, an increase in minute ventilation, an improvement in the regularity of the heart rhythm, an improvement in heart conduction, an increase in heart contractility, a decrease in vascular resistance, an increase in cardiac output, an increase in blood flow, an increase in minute ventilation, an increase in a hemodynamic response, a decrease in a chronotropic evoked response, a decrease in a dromotropic evoked response, a decrease in a lusitropic evoked response, a decrease in an inotropic evoked response, and a decrease in pain perception; wherein the total intensity of the signal received by the nerve is below a predetermined threshold, the predetermined threshold defined as the total intensity of a signal required to be received by the ADN and/or CSN to produce a ≤30 mmHg drop in the mean arterial blood pressure, and/or wherein the signal is an intermittent signal with a predetermined duty cycle. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one signal is to be applied to the ADN, and the at least one electrode is suitable for placement on or around the ADN. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one signal is to be applied to the CSN, wherein the at least one electrode is suitable for placement on or around the CSN. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein a first signal is to be applied to the ADN and a second signal is to be applied to the CSN, wherein a first electrode is suitable for placement on or around ADN and a second electrode is suitable for placement on or around the CSN, wherein the first signal is to be applied via the first electrode and the second signal is to be applied via the second electrode. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal is to be applied to the ADN and/or CSN unilaterally or bilaterally. 6. The system of claim 4, wherein the signal is to be applied to the ADN and the CNS ipsilaterally. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the predetermined threshold is ≤30 μs. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the total intensity received by the nerve from the signal is between 0.1TINT and 0.9TINT, where TINT is the predetermined threshold. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal has a predetermined duty cycle of ≤65%. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal has a pulse width of ≤1 ms. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the frequency of the signal is ≤70 Hz. 12. The system of claim 1, wherein the amplitude of the signal is 0.4-2 mA. 13. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal is applied in a (ONy-OFFz)n pattern where n>1, y>0, and z>0, and the signal is applied for: (a) ≤20 s, or (b) ≤30 min at any given time up to 12 times a day. 14. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal is to be applied to the nerve before waking. 15.-16. (canceled) 17. The system of claim 1, comprising a detector (e.g. physiological sensor subsystem) configured to: detect one or more signals indicative of one or more physiological parameters; determine from the one or more signals one or more physiological parameters; determine the one or more physiological parameters indicative of worsening of the physiological parameter; and cause the signal to be applied to the ADN and/or CSN via the at least one electrode, wherein the physiological parameter is one or more of the group consisting of: systemic arterial blood pressure (systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, or mean arterial pressure), heart rate, heart rhythm, electrical conduction in the heart and heart contractility (e.g. ventricular pressure, ventricular contractility, activation-recovery interval, effective refractory period, stroke volume, ejection fraction, end diastolic fraction, stroke work, arterial elastance), vascular resistance (e.g. total peripheral resistance), cardiac output, rate of blood flow (e.g. systemic blood flow, or cerebral blood flow), minute ventilation, and pain perception. 18. The system of claim 17, further comprising a memory arranged to store data pertaining to physiological parameters indicative of a disorder associated with malfunction or loss of the baroreceptor reflex, wherein determining the one or more physiological parameters indicative of worsening of the physiological parameter comprises comparing the one or more physiological parameters with the data. 19. The system of claim 17, wherein one of the physiological parameters is the arterial blood pressure, the system further comprising one or more electrical sensors for attachment to the heart. 20-21. (canceled) 22. A method of treating or preventing a disorder associated with malfunction or loss of the baroreceptor reflex in a subject by reversibly modulating neural activity of a subject's aortic depressor nerve (ADN) and/or carotid sinus nerve (CSN), comprising: (i) implanting in the subject a system of claim 1; positioning the neural interfacing element in signaling contact with the ADN and/or CSN; and optionally (iii) activating the system. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the method is for treating or preventing a cardiovascular disorder and a disorder associated therewith, or a cardiorespiratory and a disorder associated therewith. 24. A method for treating or preventing a disorder associated with malfunction or loss of the baroreceptor reflex, comprising: applying a signal to a subject's aortic depressor nerve (ADN) and/or carotid sinus nerve (CSN) via at least one neural interfacing element having at least one electrode in signaling contact with the ADN and/or CSN, such that the signal reversibly modulates neural activity of the ADN and/or CSN to produce a change in a physiological parameter in the subject, wherein the change in the physiological parameter is one or more of the group consisting of: a decrease in mean arterial pressure, a decrease in heart rate, an increase in minute ventilation, an improvement in the regularity of the heart rhythm, an improvement in heart conduction, an increase in heart contractility, a decrease in vascular resistance, an increase in cardiac output, an increase in blood flow, an increase in minute ventilation, an increase in a hemodynamic response, a decrease in a chronotropic evoked response, a decrease in a dromotropic evoked response, a decrease in a lusitropic evoked response, a decrease in an inotropic evoked response, and a decrease in pain perception, wherein the total intensity of the signal received by the nerve is below a predetermined threshold, the predetermined threshold defined as the total intensity of a signal required to be received by the ADN and/or CSN to produce a ≤30 mmHg drop in the mean arterial blood pressure, and/or wherein the signal is an intermittent signal with a predetermined duty cycle. 25.-34. (canceled)

Modulation of neural activity of a subject's aortic depressor nerve (ADN) and/or carotid sinus nerve (CSN) can modulate baroreceptor reflex function, thereby providing ways of treating or preventing disorders associated with malfunction or loss of the baroreceptor reflex.1. A system for modulating neural activity in a subject's aortic depressor nerve (ADN) and/or carotid sinus nerve (CSN), the system comprising: at least one neural interfacing element having at least one electrode arranged to be in signaling contact with the nerve, and at least one voltage or current source arranged to generate at least one signal to be applied to the nerve via the at least one electrode to modulate the neural activity of the nerve to produce a change in a physiological parameter in the subject, wherein the change in the physiological parameter is one or more of the group consisting of: a decrease in mean arterial pressure, a decrease in heart rate, an increase in minute ventilation, an improvement in the regularity of the heart rhythm, an improvement in heart conduction, an increase in heart contractility, a decrease in vascular resistance, an increase in cardiac output, an increase in blood flow, an increase in minute ventilation, an increase in a hemodynamic response, a decrease in a chronotropic evoked response, a decrease in a dromotropic evoked response, a decrease in a lusitropic evoked response, a decrease in an inotropic evoked response, and a decrease in pain perception; wherein the total intensity of the signal received by the nerve is below a predetermined threshold, the predetermined threshold defined as the total intensity of a signal required to be received by the ADN and/or CSN to produce a ≤30 mmHg drop in the mean arterial blood pressure, and/or wherein the signal is an intermittent signal with a predetermined duty cycle. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one signal is to be applied to the ADN, and the at least one electrode is suitable for placement on or around the ADN. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one signal is to be applied to the CSN, wherein the at least one electrode is suitable for placement on or around the CSN. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein a first signal is to be applied to the ADN and a second signal is to be applied to the CSN, wherein a first electrode is suitable for placement on or around ADN and a second electrode is suitable for placement on or around the CSN, wherein the first signal is to be applied via the first electrode and the second signal is to be applied via the second electrode. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal is to be applied to the ADN and/or CSN unilaterally or bilaterally. 6. The system of claim 4, wherein the signal is to be applied to the ADN and the CNS ipsilaterally. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the predetermined threshold is ≤30 μs. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the total intensity received by the nerve from the signal is between 0.1TINT and 0.9TINT, where TINT is the predetermined threshold. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal has a predetermined duty cycle of ≤65%. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal has a pulse width of ≤1 ms. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the frequency of the signal is ≤70 Hz. 12. The system of claim 1, wherein the amplitude of the signal is 0.4-2 mA. 13. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal is applied in a (ONy-OFFz)n pattern where n>1, y>0, and z>0, and the signal is applied for: (a) ≤20 s, or (b) ≤30 min at any given time up to 12 times a day. 14. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal is to be applied to the nerve before waking. 15.-16. (canceled) 17. The system of claim 1, comprising a detector (e.g. physiological sensor subsystem) configured to: detect one or more signals indicative of one or more physiological parameters; determine from the one or more signals one or more physiological parameters; determine the one or more physiological parameters indicative of worsening of the physiological parameter; and cause the signal to be applied to the ADN and/or CSN via the at least one electrode, wherein the physiological parameter is one or more of the group consisting of: systemic arterial blood pressure (systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, or mean arterial pressure), heart rate, heart rhythm, electrical conduction in the heart and heart contractility (e.g. ventricular pressure, ventricular contractility, activation-recovery interval, effective refractory period, stroke volume, ejection fraction, end diastolic fraction, stroke work, arterial elastance), vascular resistance (e.g. total peripheral resistance), cardiac output, rate of blood flow (e.g. systemic blood flow, or cerebral blood flow), minute ventilation, and pain perception. 18. The system of claim 17, further comprising a memory arranged to store data pertaining to physiological parameters indicative of a disorder associated with malfunction or loss of the baroreceptor reflex, wherein determining the one or more physiological parameters indicative of worsening of the physiological parameter comprises comparing the one or more physiological parameters with the data. 19. The system of claim 17, wherein one of the physiological parameters is the arterial blood pressure, the system further comprising one or more electrical sensors for attachment to the heart. 20-21. (canceled) 22. A method of treating or preventing a disorder associated with malfunction or loss of the baroreceptor reflex in a subject by reversibly modulating neural activity of a subject's aortic depressor nerve (ADN) and/or carotid sinus nerve (CSN), comprising: (i) implanting in the subject a system of claim 1; positioning the neural interfacing element in signaling contact with the ADN and/or CSN; and optionally (iii) activating the system. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the method is for treating or preventing a cardiovascular disorder and a disorder associated therewith, or a cardiorespiratory and a disorder associated therewith. 24. A method for treating or preventing a disorder associated with malfunction or loss of the baroreceptor reflex, comprising: applying a signal to a subject's aortic depressor nerve (ADN) and/or carotid sinus nerve (CSN) via at least one neural interfacing element having at least one electrode in signaling contact with the ADN and/or CSN, such that the signal reversibly modulates neural activity of the ADN and/or CSN to produce a change in a physiological parameter in the subject, wherein the change in the physiological parameter is one or more of the group consisting of: a decrease in mean arterial pressure, a decrease in heart rate, an increase in minute ventilation, an improvement in the regularity of the heart rhythm, an improvement in heart conduction, an increase in heart contractility, a decrease in vascular resistance, an increase in cardiac output, an increase in blood flow, an increase in minute ventilation, an increase in a hemodynamic response, a decrease in a chronotropic evoked response, a decrease in a dromotropic evoked response, a decrease in a lusitropic evoked response, a decrease in an inotropic evoked response, and a decrease in pain perception, wherein the total intensity of the signal received by the nerve is below a predetermined threshold, the predetermined threshold defined as the total intensity of a signal required to be received by the ADN and/or CSN to produce a ≤30 mmHg drop in the mean arterial blood pressure, and/or wherein the signal is an intermittent signal with a predetermined duty cycle. 25.-34. (canceled)

A method in a network node is provided for re-establishing a connection between a user controller device and a wireless device in a wireless communications network, wherein the wireless device has been corrupted such that it will only accept communications which appear to originate from an attacking controller device. The method comprises obtaining attacker information based on intercepted communications between the wireless device and the attacking controller device, wherein the attacker information can be used to modify communications such that modified communications mimic communications from the attacking controller device. The method comprises modifying user communications from the user controller device to the wireless device with the attacker information. The method comprises sending the modified user communications to the wireless device.

1-37. (canceled) 38. A method, in a network node, of re-establishing a connection between a user controller device and a wireless device in a wireless communications network; wherein the wireless device has been corrupted such that it will only accept communications which appear to originate from an attacking controller device, the method comprising: obtaining attacker information based on intercepted communications between the wireless device and the attacking controller device, wherein the attacker information can be used to modify communications such that modified communications mimic communications from the attacking controller device; modifying user communications from the user controller device to the wireless device with the attacker information; and sending the modified user communications to the wireless device. 39. The method of claim 38, further comprising intercepting communications between the wireless device and the attacking controller device. 40. The method of claim 39, wherein the intercepting comprises routing all communications to and from the wireless device to a predetermined network gateway. 41. The method of claim 40, wherein the network node comprises the predetermined network gateway. 42. The method of claim 40, further comprising terminating traffic between the wireless device and the attacking controller device in the predetermined network gateway. 43. The method of claim 40, wherein the predetermined network gateway is a packet data gateway. 44. The method of claim 40, further comprising receiving the intercepted communications from the predetermined network gateway. 45. The method of claim 38, further comprising analyzing the intercepted communications to generate the attacker information. 46. The method of claim 38, further comprising: receiving an attacking communication from the attacking controller device; and responding to the attacking communication as a virtual wireless device with an appropriate response related to the received attacking communication. 47. The method of claim 38, wherein the obtaining comprises determining, from the intercepted communications, a source address of the attacking controller device. 48. The method of claim 47, wherein the modifying comprises replacing a source address of the user controller device with the determined source address of the attacking controller device in the modified user communications. 49. The method of claim 38, further comprising analyzing the intercepted communications to determine an encryption model to be used to mimic attacking communications from the attacking controller device. 50. The method of claim 38, further comprising: transmitting the intercepted communications to an analyzing node; and receiving the attacker information from the analyzing node. 51. The method of claim 38, further comprising: identifying, in the intercepted communications, a trigger signal necessary to maintain proper operation of the wireless device; and transmitting a signal derived from the trigger signal to the wireless device. 52. The method of claim 51, wherein the transmitting comprises forwarding the trigger signal to the wireless device. 53. The method of claim 38, further comprising performing the obtaining, the modifying, and the sending in response to obtaining user authentication confirming that a user of the user controller device is the rightful owner of the wireless device. 54. A network node for re-establishing a connection between a user controller device and a wireless device in a wireless communications network; wherein the wireless device has been corrupted such that it will only accept communications which appear to originate from an attacking controller device; the network node comprising: processing circuitry; memory containing instructions executable by the processing circuitry whereby the network node is operative to: obtain attacker information based on intercepted communications between the wireless device and the attacking controller device, wherein the attacker information can be used to modify communications such that modified communications mimic communications from the attacking controller device; modify user communications from the user controller device to the wireless device with the attacker information; and send the modified user communications to the wireless device. 55. The network node of claim 54, wherein the instructions are such that the network node is operative to intercept communications between the wireless device and the attacking controller device. 56. The network node of claim 54, wherein the instructions are such that the network node is operative to analyze the intercepted communications to generate the attacker information. 57. A non-transitory computer readable recording medium storing a computer program product for controlling a network node for re-establishing a connection between a user controller device and a wireless device in a wireless communications network; wherein the wireless device has been corrupted such that it will only accept communications which appear to originate from an attacking controller device; the computer program product comprising program instructions which, when run on processing circuitry of the network node, causes the network node to: obtain attacker information based on intercepted communications between the wireless device and the attacking controller device, wherein the attacker information can be used to modify communications such that modified communications mimic communications from the attacking controller device; modify user communications from the user controller device to the wireless device with the attacker information; and send the modified user communications to the wireless device.

A method in a network node is provided for re-establishing a connection between a user controller device and a wireless device in a wireless communications network, wherein the wireless device has been corrupted such that it will only accept communications which appear to originate from an attacking controller device. The method comprises obtaining attacker information based on intercepted communications between the wireless device and the attacking controller device, wherein the attacker information can be used to modify communications such that modified communications mimic communications from the attacking controller device. The method comprises modifying user communications from the user controller device to the wireless device with the attacker information. The method comprises sending the modified user communications to the wireless device.1-37. (canceled) 38. A method, in a network node, of re-establishing a connection between a user controller device and a wireless device in a wireless communications network; wherein the wireless device has been corrupted such that it will only accept communications which appear to originate from an attacking controller device, the method comprising: obtaining attacker information based on intercepted communications between the wireless device and the attacking controller device, wherein the attacker information can be used to modify communications such that modified communications mimic communications from the attacking controller device; modifying user communications from the user controller device to the wireless device with the attacker information; and sending the modified user communications to the wireless device. 39. The method of claim 38, further comprising intercepting communications between the wireless device and the attacking controller device. 40. The method of claim 39, wherein the intercepting comprises routing all communications to and from the wireless device to a predetermined network gateway. 41. The method of claim 40, wherein the network node comprises the predetermined network gateway. 42. The method of claim 40, further comprising terminating traffic between the wireless device and the attacking controller device in the predetermined network gateway. 43. The method of claim 40, wherein the predetermined network gateway is a packet data gateway. 44. The method of claim 40, further comprising receiving the intercepted communications from the predetermined network gateway. 45. The method of claim 38, further comprising analyzing the intercepted communications to generate the attacker information. 46. The method of claim 38, further comprising: receiving an attacking communication from the attacking controller device; and responding to the attacking communication as a virtual wireless device with an appropriate response related to the received attacking communication. 47. The method of claim 38, wherein the obtaining comprises determining, from the intercepted communications, a source address of the attacking controller device. 48. The method of claim 47, wherein the modifying comprises replacing a source address of the user controller device with the determined source address of the attacking controller device in the modified user communications. 49. The method of claim 38, further comprising analyzing the intercepted communications to determine an encryption model to be used to mimic attacking communications from the attacking controller device. 50. The method of claim 38, further comprising: transmitting the intercepted communications to an analyzing node; and receiving the attacker information from the analyzing node. 51. The method of claim 38, further comprising: identifying, in the intercepted communications, a trigger signal necessary to maintain proper operation of the wireless device; and transmitting a signal derived from the trigger signal to the wireless device. 52. The method of claim 51, wherein the transmitting comprises forwarding the trigger signal to the wireless device. 53. The method of claim 38, further comprising performing the obtaining, the modifying, and the sending in response to obtaining user authentication confirming that a user of the user controller device is the rightful owner of the wireless device. 54. A network node for re-establishing a connection between a user controller device and a wireless device in a wireless communications network; wherein the wireless device has been corrupted such that it will only accept communications which appear to originate from an attacking controller device; the network node comprising: processing circuitry; memory containing instructions executable by the processing circuitry whereby the network node is operative to: obtain attacker information based on intercepted communications between the wireless device and the attacking controller device, wherein the attacker information can be used to modify communications such that modified communications mimic communications from the attacking controller device; modify user communications from the user controller device to the wireless device with the attacker information; and send the modified user communications to the wireless device. 55. The network node of claim 54, wherein the instructions are such that the network node is operative to intercept communications between the wireless device and the attacking controller device. 56. The network node of claim 54, wherein the instructions are such that the network node is operative to analyze the intercepted communications to generate the attacker information. 57. A non-transitory computer readable recording medium storing a computer program product for controlling a network node for re-establishing a connection between a user controller device and a wireless device in a wireless communications network; wherein the wireless device has been corrupted such that it will only accept communications which appear to originate from an attacking controller device; the computer program product comprising program instructions which, when run on processing circuitry of the network node, causes the network node to: obtain attacker information based on intercepted communications between the wireless device and the attacking controller device, wherein the attacker information can be used to modify communications such that modified communications mimic communications from the attacking controller device; modify user communications from the user controller device to the wireless device with the attacker information; and send the modified user communications to the wireless device.

A projector, comprising: a housing (1) having an air inlet surface (11) and an air outlet surface (12); and a mainboard (2), a hear radiator (7), a color wheel assembly and a lens module located between the air inlet surface (11) and the air outlet surface (12); the air inlet surface (11) is provided with an air inlet, the air outlet surface (12) is provided with an air outlet (121), and an air passage for gas flow is formed between the air inlet and the air outlet (121); the lens module includes a lens (3) and a protective cover (5) arranged at a periphery of the lens, and the protective cover (5) isolates the lens (3) from the air passage. Said projector can prevent dust from entering the lens and can isolate the lens from the internal space of the projector, facilitating disassembly and maintenance of the lens (3), providing a good user experience.

1. A projector, comprising: a housing having an air inlet surface and an air outlet surface; and a lens module located in the housing, wherein the air inlet surface is provided with an air inlet thereon, the air outlet surface is provided with an air outlet thereon, and an air passage for gas flow is formed between the air inlet and the air outlet; and wherein the lens module comprises a lens and a protective cover arranged at a periphery of the lens for isolating the lens from the air passage. 2. The projector according to claim 1, wherein the air inlet surface is opposite to the air outlet surface, and the lens module is located between the air inlet surface and the air outlet surface. 3. The projector according to claim 2, wherein the projector further comprises a mainboard, a heat radiator, a laser device, and a color wheel assembly that are arranged between the air inlet surface and the air outlet surface. 4. The projector according to claim 3, wherein the heat radiator is located between the air inlet and the lens module, and the protective cover comprises a first surface close to the heat radiator, a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a third surface connecting the first surface with the second surface; and wherein a first fixing portion connected to the housing is provided on the first surface, and a second fixing portion connected to the housing is provided on the second surface. 5. The projector according to claim 1, wherein a fan corresponding to the air outlet is provided at the air outlet. 6. The projector according to claim 1, wherein the housing comprises a lens mounting surface connecting the air inlet surface with the air outlet surface, wherein the lens mounting surface is provided with a lens mounting hole; and wherein the lens module further comprises a lens holder connected to the housing and configured to fix the lens and the protective cover, wherein the lens holder is disposed corresponding to the lens mounting hole. 7. The projector according to claim 4, wherein a slot is provided at a side of the third surface close to the lens holder, the slot is fixed to the lens holder by clamping, and the lens module further comprises a lens holder connected to the housing and configured to fix the lens and the protective cover. 8. The projector according to claim 7, wherein the third surface is provided with fixing holes arranged at two sides of the slot, and the protective cover is fixed to the lens holder through the fixing holes. 9. The projector according to claim 6, wherein an avoiding portion for the lens is provided at a side of the third surface close to the lens mounting surface, and the protective cover abuts against an edge of the lens through the avoiding portion. 10. The projector according to claim 6, wherein the projector comprises a lens connection line which is electrically connected to the lens through the lens holder, a receiving space for the lens is formed between the protective cover and the housing, and the lens connection line is located outside the receiving space.

A projector, comprising: a housing (1) having an air inlet surface (11) and an air outlet surface (12); and a mainboard (2), a hear radiator (7), a color wheel assembly and a lens module located between the air inlet surface (11) and the air outlet surface (12); the air inlet surface (11) is provided with an air inlet, the air outlet surface (12) is provided with an air outlet (121), and an air passage for gas flow is formed between the air inlet and the air outlet (121); the lens module includes a lens (3) and a protective cover (5) arranged at a periphery of the lens, and the protective cover (5) isolates the lens (3) from the air passage. Said projector can prevent dust from entering the lens and can isolate the lens from the internal space of the projector, facilitating disassembly and maintenance of the lens (3), providing a good user experience.1. A projector, comprising: a housing having an air inlet surface and an air outlet surface; and a lens module located in the housing, wherein the air inlet surface is provided with an air inlet thereon, the air outlet surface is provided with an air outlet thereon, and an air passage for gas flow is formed between the air inlet and the air outlet; and wherein the lens module comprises a lens and a protective cover arranged at a periphery of the lens for isolating the lens from the air passage. 2. The projector according to claim 1, wherein the air inlet surface is opposite to the air outlet surface, and the lens module is located between the air inlet surface and the air outlet surface. 3. The projector according to claim 2, wherein the projector further comprises a mainboard, a heat radiator, a laser device, and a color wheel assembly that are arranged between the air inlet surface and the air outlet surface. 4. The projector according to claim 3, wherein the heat radiator is located between the air inlet and the lens module, and the protective cover comprises a first surface close to the heat radiator, a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a third surface connecting the first surface with the second surface; and wherein a first fixing portion connected to the housing is provided on the first surface, and a second fixing portion connected to the housing is provided on the second surface. 5. The projector according to claim 1, wherein a fan corresponding to the air outlet is provided at the air outlet. 6. The projector according to claim 1, wherein the housing comprises a lens mounting surface connecting the air inlet surface with the air outlet surface, wherein the lens mounting surface is provided with a lens mounting hole; and wherein the lens module further comprises a lens holder connected to the housing and configured to fix the lens and the protective cover, wherein the lens holder is disposed corresponding to the lens mounting hole. 7. The projector according to claim 4, wherein a slot is provided at a side of the third surface close to the lens holder, the slot is fixed to the lens holder by clamping, and the lens module further comprises a lens holder connected to the housing and configured to fix the lens and the protective cover. 8. The projector according to claim 7, wherein the third surface is provided with fixing holes arranged at two sides of the slot, and the protective cover is fixed to the lens holder through the fixing holes. 9. The projector according to claim 6, wherein an avoiding portion for the lens is provided at a side of the third surface close to the lens mounting surface, and the protective cover abuts against an edge of the lens through the avoiding portion. 10. The projector according to claim 6, wherein the projector comprises a lens connection line which is electrically connected to the lens through the lens holder, a receiving space for the lens is formed between the protective cover and the housing, and the lens connection line is located outside the receiving space.

A surgical table having an actuator mechanism that includes first and second actuators, wherein the first actuator has an upper first end connected to a first portion of the movable framework and a lower second end coupled to the column and the second actuator has an upper first end connected to a second portion of the movable framework and a lower second end coupled to the column, the first and second portions being mutually spaced and located on opposite sides of the trend axis, wherein the first and second actuators are each inclined at a respective acute angle in opposite directions from a plane including a longitudinal axis of the column and the trend axis so that the upper first end of each of the first and second actuators is oriented further from the plane than the respective lower second end.

1. A surgical table comprising: a base for standing on a floor; a column of adjustable height mounted on and extending from the base wherein the column comprises a plurality of column elements which form a telescoping assembly; a tabletop providing a patient support surface; a movable framework mounted between the tabletop and the column for enabling at least a part of the tabletop to be rotatable about a trend axis, the trend axis extending in a transverse direction across the tabletop; and an actuator mechanism coupled to the movable framework and arranged to raise and lower the movable framework relative to the column and to rotate the movable framework about the trend axis, wherein the actuator mechanism is fitted to an outer column element of the plurality of column elements and when the column elements are telescoped into an extended configuration the actuator mechanism, the movable framework and the tabletop are raised relative to the base, wherein the actuator mechanism comprises first and second actuators, wherein the first actuator has an upper first end connected to a first portion of the movable framework and a lower second end coupled to the column and the second actuator has an upper first end connected to a second portion of the movable framework and a lower second end coupled to the column, the first and second portions being mutually spaced and located on opposite sides of the trend axis, wherein the first and second actuators are each inclined at a respective acute angle in opposite directions from a plane including a longitudinal axis of the column and the trend axis so that the upper first end of each of the first and second actuators is oriented further from the plane than the respective lower second end. 2. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the first and second portions are located on opposite sides of a central axis orthogonal to the trend axis and extending through the movable framework. 3. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the movable framework is substantially rectangular and the first and second portions are located at diagonally opposite corners of the movable framework. 4. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the first and second actuators are the only actuators coupled between the column and the movable framework for causing movement of the movable framework relative to the column. 5. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the second end of each of the first and second actuators is coupled to an external surface of the column. 6. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the second end of each of the first and second actuators is pivotally coupled to the column. 7. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the first and second actuators each comprise an electrical linear actuator. 8. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the first and second actuators each comprise an elongate element having an upper end connected by a pivot joint to the movable framework and a drive assembly coupled to a lower portion of the elongate element for extending, or retracting, the elongate element so as respectively to raise, or lower, the respective first and second portions of the movable framework. 9. A surgical table according to claim 8 wherein the elongate element comprises a leadscrew and the drive assembly is adapted to rotate the leadscrew to extend, or retract, the leadscrew so as respectively to raise, or lower, the respective first and second portions of the movable framework, optionally wherein the leadscrew extends entirely through the drive assembly so that a lower end of the leadscrew is below the drive assembly at least when the leadscrew is retracted. 10. A surgical table according to claim 8, wherein the elongate element is linear and is inclined at an acute angle from the plane including a longitudinal axis of the column and the trend axis so that the upper end is oriented further from the plane than the lower portion. 11. A surgical table according to claim 10, wherein the elongate elements of the first and second actuators are oriented in opposite directions from the plane. 12. A surgical table according to claim 10, wherein the second end of each of the first and second actuators is pivotally coupled to the column and the acute angle of inclination of each elongate element from the plane decreases as the extension of the elongate element increases. 13. (canceled) 14. (canceled) 15. (canceled) 16. (canceled) 17. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the movable framework defines an internal opening which is larger than an upper end of the column and the actuator mechanism is capable of lowering the movable framework relative to the column to a lowermost position in which the movable framework is below the upper end of the column and surrounds the column. 18. A surgical table according to claim 17, wherein in the lowermost position the trend axis is below the upper end of the column. 19. A surgical table according to claim 17, wherein in the lowermost position the movable framework is entirely below the upper end of the column. 20. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the actuator mechanism is capable of raising the movable framework relative to the column to an uppermost position in which the movable framework is above the upper end of the column. 21. A surgical table according to claim 20, wherein in the uppermost position the trend axis is above the upper end of the column. 22. A surgical table according to claim 20, wherein in the uppermost position the movable framework is entirely above the upper end of the column. 23. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the actuator mechanism is external of the column. 24. A surgical table according to claim 1, further comprising: at least one linear guide mechanism extending along at least a portion of the length of the column, the linear guide mechanism comprising a first part coupled to the column and a second part pivotally coupled to the movable framework at the trend axis, the first and second parts being relatively movable along a linear axis of the linear guide mechanism to enable the movable framework to be translated along the linear axis by relative movement of the first and second parts. 25. A surgical table according to claim 24 wherein there are a pair of opposite linear guide mechanisms, each pivotally coupled to the movable framework at a respective spaced location along the trend axis, and mounted to opposite sides of the column, and the surgical table further comprising a brace mechanism coupled to the opposite linear guide mechanisms. 26. A surgical table according to claim 25, wherein the linear guide mechanisms and the brace mechanism are external of the column. 27. A surgical table according to claim 25, wherein the brace mechanism comprises a brace element having a central member and two opposite end members that are inclined to the central member and oriented in a common direction, and each end member is rigidly affixed to a respective linear guide mechanism. 28. A surgical table according to claim 27, wherein the central member and two opposite end members comprise plates. 29. A surgical table according to claim 27, wherein the two opposite end members are orthogonal to the central member. 30. A surgical table according to claim 25, further comprising at least one linear brace guide between the brace mechanism and the column. 31. A surgical table according to claim 24, wherein the first part is a fixed linear guide member, fixed to the column, and the second part is a movable linear guide member, coupled to the movable framework. 32. A surgical table according to claim 31, wherein the first part is an elongate channel and the second part is an elongate slider within the channel. 33. A surgical table according to claim 24, wherein the linear guide mechanisms are provided with a locking mechanism to lock the linear guide mechanism at a selected height, and thereby lock the trend axis at a selected height. 34. A surgical table according to claim 24, wherein the linear guide mechanisms are provided with a braking mechanism to brake the movement of the linear guide mechanisms. 35. (canceled) 36. A surgical table according to claim 35, wherein the plurality of column elements comprises an outer column element and an inner column element, with the outer column element externally surrounding the inner column element and defining an external surface of the column when the column elements are telescoped into a contracted configuration. 37. A surgical table according to claim 36, wherein the plurality of column elements further comprises at least one intermediate column element between the outer column element and the inner column element. 38. A surgical table according to claim 35, further comprising a plurality of linear motion guide units between the or each pair of adjacent column elements, the linear motion guide units extending in a telescoping direction and being mutually spaced. 39. A surgical table according to claim 38, wherein the plurality of linear motion guide units between the or each pair of adjacent column elements comprises a pair of linear motion guide units which are located on opposite sides of the trend axis and on opposite sides of a central axis orthogonal to the trend axis and extending through the movable framework. 40. A surgical table according to claim 39, wherein the column has a substantially rectangular cross-section and the pair of linear motion guide units are located at opposite corners of the rectangular cross-section. 41. A surgical table according to claim 37, wherein the column has one intermediate column element between the outer column element and the inner column element, and wherein a first pair of linear motion guide units between the outer column element and the intermediate column element are located at first opposite corners of the rectangular cross-section and a second pair of linear motion guide units between the inner column element and the intermediate column element are located at second opposite corners of the rectangular cross-section. 42. A surgical table according to claim 38, wherein each linear motion guide unit comprises an elongate channel fixed to one column element of the pair of adjacent column elements and an elongate bar fixed to the other column element of the pair of adjacent column elements, the elongate bar being slidable in the elongate channel. 43. A surgical table according to claim 42, wherein the elongate channel is fixed to an outer column element of the pair of adjacent column elements and the elongate bar is fixed to the inner column element of the pair of adjacent column elements. 44.-100. (canceled)

A surgical table having an actuator mechanism that includes first and second actuators, wherein the first actuator has an upper first end connected to a first portion of the movable framework and a lower second end coupled to the column and the second actuator has an upper first end connected to a second portion of the movable framework and a lower second end coupled to the column, the first and second portions being mutually spaced and located on opposite sides of the trend axis, wherein the first and second actuators are each inclined at a respective acute angle in opposite directions from a plane including a longitudinal axis of the column and the trend axis so that the upper first end of each of the first and second actuators is oriented further from the plane than the respective lower second end.1. A surgical table comprising: a base for standing on a floor; a column of adjustable height mounted on and extending from the base wherein the column comprises a plurality of column elements which form a telescoping assembly; a tabletop providing a patient support surface; a movable framework mounted between the tabletop and the column for enabling at least a part of the tabletop to be rotatable about a trend axis, the trend axis extending in a transverse direction across the tabletop; and an actuator mechanism coupled to the movable framework and arranged to raise and lower the movable framework relative to the column and to rotate the movable framework about the trend axis, wherein the actuator mechanism is fitted to an outer column element of the plurality of column elements and when the column elements are telescoped into an extended configuration the actuator mechanism, the movable framework and the tabletop are raised relative to the base, wherein the actuator mechanism comprises first and second actuators, wherein the first actuator has an upper first end connected to a first portion of the movable framework and a lower second end coupled to the column and the second actuator has an upper first end connected to a second portion of the movable framework and a lower second end coupled to the column, the first and second portions being mutually spaced and located on opposite sides of the trend axis, wherein the first and second actuators are each inclined at a respective acute angle in opposite directions from a plane including a longitudinal axis of the column and the trend axis so that the upper first end of each of the first and second actuators is oriented further from the plane than the respective lower second end. 2. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the first and second portions are located on opposite sides of a central axis orthogonal to the trend axis and extending through the movable framework. 3. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the movable framework is substantially rectangular and the first and second portions are located at diagonally opposite corners of the movable framework. 4. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the first and second actuators are the only actuators coupled between the column and the movable framework for causing movement of the movable framework relative to the column. 5. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the second end of each of the first and second actuators is coupled to an external surface of the column. 6. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the second end of each of the first and second actuators is pivotally coupled to the column. 7. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the first and second actuators each comprise an electrical linear actuator. 8. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the first and second actuators each comprise an elongate element having an upper end connected by a pivot joint to the movable framework and a drive assembly coupled to a lower portion of the elongate element for extending, or retracting, the elongate element so as respectively to raise, or lower, the respective first and second portions of the movable framework. 9. A surgical table according to claim 8 wherein the elongate element comprises a leadscrew and the drive assembly is adapted to rotate the leadscrew to extend, or retract, the leadscrew so as respectively to raise, or lower, the respective first and second portions of the movable framework, optionally wherein the leadscrew extends entirely through the drive assembly so that a lower end of the leadscrew is below the drive assembly at least when the leadscrew is retracted. 10. A surgical table according to claim 8, wherein the elongate element is linear and is inclined at an acute angle from the plane including a longitudinal axis of the column and the trend axis so that the upper end is oriented further from the plane than the lower portion. 11. A surgical table according to claim 10, wherein the elongate elements of the first and second actuators are oriented in opposite directions from the plane. 12. A surgical table according to claim 10, wherein the second end of each of the first and second actuators is pivotally coupled to the column and the acute angle of inclination of each elongate element from the plane decreases as the extension of the elongate element increases. 13. (canceled) 14. (canceled) 15. (canceled) 16. (canceled) 17. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the movable framework defines an internal opening which is larger than an upper end of the column and the actuator mechanism is capable of lowering the movable framework relative to the column to a lowermost position in which the movable framework is below the upper end of the column and surrounds the column. 18. A surgical table according to claim 17, wherein in the lowermost position the trend axis is below the upper end of the column. 19. A surgical table according to claim 17, wherein in the lowermost position the movable framework is entirely below the upper end of the column. 20. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the actuator mechanism is capable of raising the movable framework relative to the column to an uppermost position in which the movable framework is above the upper end of the column. 21. A surgical table according to claim 20, wherein in the uppermost position the trend axis is above the upper end of the column. 22. A surgical table according to claim 20, wherein in the uppermost position the movable framework is entirely above the upper end of the column. 23. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the actuator mechanism is external of the column. 24. A surgical table according to claim 1, further comprising: at least one linear guide mechanism extending along at least a portion of the length of the column, the linear guide mechanism comprising a first part coupled to the column and a second part pivotally coupled to the movable framework at the trend axis, the first and second parts being relatively movable along a linear axis of the linear guide mechanism to enable the movable framework to be translated along the linear axis by relative movement of the first and second parts. 25. A surgical table according to claim 24 wherein there are a pair of opposite linear guide mechanisms, each pivotally coupled to the movable framework at a respective spaced location along the trend axis, and mounted to opposite sides of the column, and the surgical table further comprising a brace mechanism coupled to the opposite linear guide mechanisms. 26. A surgical table according to claim 25, wherein the linear guide mechanisms and the brace mechanism are external of the column. 27. A surgical table according to claim 25, wherein the brace mechanism comprises a brace element having a central member and two opposite end members that are inclined to the central member and oriented in a common direction, and each end member is rigidly affixed to a respective linear guide mechanism. 28. A surgical table according to claim 27, wherein the central member and two opposite end members comprise plates. 29. A surgical table according to claim 27, wherein the two opposite end members are orthogonal to the central member. 30. A surgical table according to claim 25, further comprising at least one linear brace guide between the brace mechanism and the column. 31. A surgical table according to claim 24, wherein the first part is a fixed linear guide member, fixed to the column, and the second part is a movable linear guide member, coupled to the movable framework. 32. A surgical table according to claim 31, wherein the first part is an elongate channel and the second part is an elongate slider within the channel. 33. A surgical table according to claim 24, wherein the linear guide mechanisms are provided with a locking mechanism to lock the linear guide mechanism at a selected height, and thereby lock the trend axis at a selected height. 34. A surgical table according to claim 24, wherein the linear guide mechanisms are provided with a braking mechanism to brake the movement of the linear guide mechanisms. 35. (canceled) 36. A surgical table according to claim 35, wherein the plurality of column elements comprises an outer column element and an inner column element, with the outer column element externally surrounding the inner column element and defining an external surface of the column when the column elements are telescoped into a contracted configuration. 37. A surgical table according to claim 36, wherein the plurality of column elements further comprises at least one intermediate column element between the outer column element and the inner column element. 38. A surgical table according to claim 35, further comprising a plurality of linear motion guide units between the or each pair of adjacent column elements, the linear motion guide units extending in a telescoping direction and being mutually spaced. 39. A surgical table according to claim 38, wherein the plurality of linear motion guide units between the or each pair of adjacent column elements comprises a pair of linear motion guide units which are located on opposite sides of the trend axis and on opposite sides of a central axis orthogonal to the trend axis and extending through the movable framework. 40. A surgical table according to claim 39, wherein the column has a substantially rectangular cross-section and the pair of linear motion guide units are located at opposite corners of the rectangular cross-section. 41. A surgical table according to claim 37, wherein the column has one intermediate column element between the outer column element and the inner column element, and wherein a first pair of linear motion guide units between the outer column element and the intermediate column element are located at first opposite corners of the rectangular cross-section and a second pair of linear motion guide units between the inner column element and the intermediate column element are located at second opposite corners of the rectangular cross-section. 42. A surgical table according to claim 38, wherein each linear motion guide unit comprises an elongate channel fixed to one column element of the pair of adjacent column elements and an elongate bar fixed to the other column element of the pair of adjacent column elements, the elongate bar being slidable in the elongate channel. 43. A surgical table according to claim 42, wherein the elongate channel is fixed to an outer column element of the pair of adjacent column elements and the elongate bar is fixed to the inner column element of the pair of adjacent column elements. 44.-100. (canceled)

A multizonal microfluidic device can include a substrate with multiple structures mounted thereon, including a first and second lid, and a first and second microchip. The first lid and the substrate can form a first microfluidic chamber between structures including a first interior surface of the first lid and a first discrete portion of the substrate. The first lid can include a first inlet and a first vent positioned relative to one another to facilitate loading of fluid to the first microfluidic chamber via capillary action. A portion of the first microchip can be positioned within the first microfluidic chamber. Furthermore, the second lid can be configured like the first lid and can also be mounted on the substrate forming a second microfluidic chamber with the second microchip positioned within the second microfluidic chamber.

1. A multizonal microfluidic device, comprising: a substrate; a first lid mounted to the substrate and forming a first microfluidic chamber between structures including a first interior surface of the first lid and a first discrete portion of the substrate, the first lid comprising a first inlet and a first vent positioned relative to one another to facilitate loading of fluid to the first microfluidic chamber via capillary action; a first microchip mounted to the substrate, wherein a portion of the first microchip is positioned within the first microfluidic chamber; a second lid mounted to the substrate and forming a second microfluidic chamber between structures including a second interior surface of the second lid and a second discrete portion of the substrate, the second lid comprising a second inlet and a second vent positioned relative to one another to facilitate loading of fluid to the second microfluidic chamber via capillary action; and a second microchip mounted to the substrate, wherein a portion of the second microchip is positioned within the second microfluidic chamber. 2. The multizonal microfluidic device of claim 1, further comprising from 1 to 100 additional microchips mounted to the substrate. 3. The multizonal microfluidic device of claim 2, further comprising from 1 to 100 additional lids mounted to the substrate to form multiple microfluidic chambers that contain portions of the additional microchips. 4. The multizonal microfluidic device of claim 1, wherein the first microchip and the second microchip are both elongated microchips and independently have a width to length aspect ratio from 1:10 to 1:150. 5. The multizonal microfluidic device of claim 1, wherein the first microfluidic chamber contains a single microchip portion, which is the portion of the first microchip, and wherein the second microfluidic chamber contains a single microchip portion, which is the portion of the second microchip. 6. The multizonal microfluidic device of claim 1, wherein the first microfluidic chamber further includes a second portion of the second microchip. 7. The multizonal microfluidic device of claim 1, wherein the first microchip is independently addressable with respect to a parameter relative to the second microchip. 8. The multizonal microfluidic device of claim 1, wherein the first microfluidic chamber and the second microfluidic chamber independently have an individual volume from 50 pl to 10 μl. 9. A multizonal microfluidic device, comprising: a substrate; a first lid mounted to the substrate and forming a first microfluidic chamber between structures including a first interior surface of the first lid and a first discrete portion of the substrate, the first lid comprising a first inlet and a first vent positioned relative to one another to facilitate loading of fluid to the first microfluidic chamber via capillary action; a first microchip mounted to the substrate, wherein a portion of the first microchip is positioned within the first microfluidic chamber, and wherein the first microchip includes a first functional component positioned within the first microfluidic chamber; a second lid mounted to the substrate and forming a second microfluidic chamber between structures including a second interior surface of the second lid and a second discrete portion of the substrate, the second lid comprising a second inlet and a second vent positioned relative to one another to facilitate loading of fluid to the second microfluidic chamber via capillary action; a second microchip mounted to the substrate, wherein a portion of the second microchip is positioned within the second microfluidic chamber, and wherein the second microchip includes a second functional component positioned within the second microfluidic chamber; a third lid mounted to the substrate and forming a third microfluidic chamber between structures including a third interior surface of the third lid and a third discrete portion of the substrate, the third lid comprising a third inlet and a third vent positioned relative to one another to facilitate loading of fluid to the third microfluidic chamber via capillary action; and a third microchip mounted to the substrate, wherein a portion of the third microchip is positioned within the third microfluidic chamber, and wherein the third microchip includes a third functional component positioned within the third microfluidic chamber. 10. The multizonal microfluidic device of claim 9, wherein the first functional component, the second functional component, the third functional component, or combination thereof comprises a temperature regulator. 11. The multizonal microfluidic device of claim 10, wherein the temperature regulator comprises a thermal sense resistor. 12. The multizonal microfluidic device of claim 9, wherein the first functional component, the second functional component, the third functional component, or combination thereof comprises includes a sensor. 13. The multizonal microfluidic device of claim 12, wherein the sensor comprises a temperature sensor, an optical sensor, an electrochemical sensor, or a combination thereof. 14. A multizonal microfluidic device, comprising: a substrate; a first lid mounted to the substrate and forming a first microfluidic chamber between structures including a first interior surface of the first lid and a first discrete portion of the substrate, the first lid comprising a first inlet and a first vent positioned relative to one another to facilitate loading of fluid to the first microfluidic chamber via capillary action, wherein the first microfluidic chamber has a volume from 50 pl to 10 μl; a first microchip mounted to the substrate, wherein a portion of the first microchip is positioned within the first microfluidic chamber, and wherein the first microchip includes a first functional component positioned within the first microfluidic chamber; a second lid mounted to the substrate and forming a second microfluidic chamber between structures including a second interior surface of the second lid and a second discrete portion of the substrate, the second lid comprising a second inlet and a second vent positioned relative to one another to facilitate loading of fluid to the second microfluidic chamber via capillary action, wherein the second microfluidic chamber has a volume from 50 pl to 10 μl; and a second microchip mounted to the substrate, wherein a portion of the second microchip is positioned within the second microfluidic chamber, and wherein the second microchip includes a second functional component positioned within the second microfluidic chamber. 15. The multizonal microfluidic device of claim 14, wherein the first microchip and the second microchip independently have a width to length aspect ratio from 1:10 to 1:150.

A multizonal microfluidic device can include a substrate with multiple structures mounted thereon, including a first and second lid, and a first and second microchip. The first lid and the substrate can form a first microfluidic chamber between structures including a first interior surface of the first lid and a first discrete portion of the substrate. The first lid can include a first inlet and a first vent positioned relative to one another to facilitate loading of fluid to the first microfluidic chamber via capillary action. A portion of the first microchip can be positioned within the first microfluidic chamber. Furthermore, the second lid can be configured like the first lid and can also be mounted on the substrate forming a second microfluidic chamber with the second microchip positioned within the second microfluidic chamber.1. A multizonal microfluidic device, comprising: a substrate; a first lid mounted to the substrate and forming a first microfluidic chamber between structures including a first interior surface of the first lid and a first discrete portion of the substrate, the first lid comprising a first inlet and a first vent positioned relative to one another to facilitate loading of fluid to the first microfluidic chamber via capillary action; a first microchip mounted to the substrate, wherein a portion of the first microchip is positioned within the first microfluidic chamber; a second lid mounted to the substrate and forming a second microfluidic chamber between structures including a second interior surface of the second lid and a second discrete portion of the substrate, the second lid comprising a second inlet and a second vent positioned relative to one another to facilitate loading of fluid to the second microfluidic chamber via capillary action; and a second microchip mounted to the substrate, wherein a portion of the second microchip is positioned within the second microfluidic chamber. 2. The multizonal microfluidic device of claim 1, further comprising from 1 to 100 additional microchips mounted to the substrate. 3. The multizonal microfluidic device of claim 2, further comprising from 1 to 100 additional lids mounted to the substrate to form multiple microfluidic chambers that contain portions of the additional microchips. 4. The multizonal microfluidic device of claim 1, wherein the first microchip and the second microchip are both elongated microchips and independently have a width to length aspect ratio from 1:10 to 1:150. 5. The multizonal microfluidic device of claim 1, wherein the first microfluidic chamber contains a single microchip portion, which is the portion of the first microchip, and wherein the second microfluidic chamber contains a single microchip portion, which is the portion of the second microchip. 6. The multizonal microfluidic device of claim 1, wherein the first microfluidic chamber further includes a second portion of the second microchip. 7. The multizonal microfluidic device of claim 1, wherein the first microchip is independently addressable with respect to a parameter relative to the second microchip. 8. The multizonal microfluidic device of claim 1, wherein the first microfluidic chamber and the second microfluidic chamber independently have an individual volume from 50 pl to 10 μl. 9. A multizonal microfluidic device, comprising: a substrate; a first lid mounted to the substrate and forming a first microfluidic chamber between structures including a first interior surface of the first lid and a first discrete portion of the substrate, the first lid comprising a first inlet and a first vent positioned relative to one another to facilitate loading of fluid to the first microfluidic chamber via capillary action; a first microchip mounted to the substrate, wherein a portion of the first microchip is positioned within the first microfluidic chamber, and wherein the first microchip includes a first functional component positioned within the first microfluidic chamber; a second lid mounted to the substrate and forming a second microfluidic chamber between structures including a second interior surface of the second lid and a second discrete portion of the substrate, the second lid comprising a second inlet and a second vent positioned relative to one another to facilitate loading of fluid to the second microfluidic chamber via capillary action; a second microchip mounted to the substrate, wherein a portion of the second microchip is positioned within the second microfluidic chamber, and wherein the second microchip includes a second functional component positioned within the second microfluidic chamber; a third lid mounted to the substrate and forming a third microfluidic chamber between structures including a third interior surface of the third lid and a third discrete portion of the substrate, the third lid comprising a third inlet and a third vent positioned relative to one another to facilitate loading of fluid to the third microfluidic chamber via capillary action; and a third microchip mounted to the substrate, wherein a portion of the third microchip is positioned within the third microfluidic chamber, and wherein the third microchip includes a third functional component positioned within the third microfluidic chamber. 10. The multizonal microfluidic device of claim 9, wherein the first functional component, the second functional component, the third functional component, or combination thereof comprises a temperature regulator. 11. The multizonal microfluidic device of claim 10, wherein the temperature regulator comprises a thermal sense resistor. 12. The multizonal microfluidic device of claim 9, wherein the first functional component, the second functional component, the third functional component, or combination thereof comprises includes a sensor. 13. The multizonal microfluidic device of claim 12, wherein the sensor comprises a temperature sensor, an optical sensor, an electrochemical sensor, or a combination thereof. 14. A multizonal microfluidic device, comprising: a substrate; a first lid mounted to the substrate and forming a first microfluidic chamber between structures including a first interior surface of the first lid and a first discrete portion of the substrate, the first lid comprising a first inlet and a first vent positioned relative to one another to facilitate loading of fluid to the first microfluidic chamber via capillary action, wherein the first microfluidic chamber has a volume from 50 pl to 10 μl; a first microchip mounted to the substrate, wherein a portion of the first microchip is positioned within the first microfluidic chamber, and wherein the first microchip includes a first functional component positioned within the first microfluidic chamber; a second lid mounted to the substrate and forming a second microfluidic chamber between structures including a second interior surface of the second lid and a second discrete portion of the substrate, the second lid comprising a second inlet and a second vent positioned relative to one another to facilitate loading of fluid to the second microfluidic chamber via capillary action, wherein the second microfluidic chamber has a volume from 50 pl to 10 μl; and a second microchip mounted to the substrate, wherein a portion of the second microchip is positioned within the second microfluidic chamber, and wherein the second microchip includes a second functional component positioned within the second microfluidic chamber. 15. The multizonal microfluidic device of claim 14, wherein the first microchip and the second microchip independently have a width to length aspect ratio from 1:10 to 1:150.

A paging configuration method includes: judging whether a present system load level of a present cell is greater than a preset load threshold or not; and when the present system load level is lower than or equal to the preset load threshold, sending first configuration information to each UE in the present cell, the first configuration information including multiple Paging Occasions (POs), a first effective PO set in the multiple POs, an identifier of UE and an identifier of an effective PO corresponding to the UE in the first effective PO set.

1. A paging configuration method, applied to a base station, the method comprising: determining whether a present system load level of a present cell is greater than a preset load threshold; and in response to determining the present system load level is lower than or equal to the preset load threshold, sending first configuration information to each User Equipment (UE) in the present cell, wherein the first configuration information comprises: multiple Paging Occasions (POs), a first effective PO set in the multiple POs, an identifier (ID) of UE and an ID of an effective PO corresponding to the UE in the first effective PO set. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: in response to determining the present system load level is greater than the preset load threshold, sending second configuration information to each UE in the present cell through a system information updating message, wherein the second configuration information comprises: the multiple POs, a second effective PO set in the multiple POs, the ID of the UE and an ID of an effective PO corresponding to the UE in the second effective PO set; the first effective PO set is a subset of the second effective PO set; or in response to determining the present system load level is greater than the preset load threshold, sending third configuration information to newly-added UE in the present cell through Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, wherein the third configuration information comprises the multiple POs, the first effective PO set, and offset information. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the system information updating message comprises a newly-added field, and the newly-added field is configured to indicate the ID of the UE and the ID of the effective PO corresponding to the UE in the second effective PO set. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein the second configuration information further comprises synchronous reference signals corresponding to each effective PO in a difference set between the second effective PO set and the first effective PO set. 5. The method of claim 2, further comprising: receiving UE related information from the UE, the UE related information comprising at least one of type information, capability information and a service request of the UE; and grouping the UE according to the UE related information. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein sending the second configuration information to each UE in the present cell through the system information updating message comprises: sending an effective PO in the first effective PO set to UE belonging to a first group in the present cell through a system information updating message; and sending an effective PO in a difference set between the second effective PO set and the first effective PO set to UE belonging to a second group in the present cell through a system information updating message. 7. A method for receiving a paging message, applied to User Equipment (UE), the method comprising: receiving configuration information from a base station, the configuration information comprising multiple Paging Occasions (POs), an effective PO set in the multiple POs and related information for determining an effective PO corresponding to the UE; determining the effective PO according to the configuration information; and receiving a paging message through the effective PO. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein when the configuration information is first configuration information, the effective set in the multiple POs is a first effective PO set, and the related information for determining the effective PO corresponding to the UE is an identifier (ID) of the UE and an ID of the effective PO corresponding to the UE in the first effective PO set; or when the configuration information is second configuration information, the effective set in the multiple POs is a second effective PO set, and the related information for determining the effective PO corresponding to the UE is the ID of the UE and an ID of an effective PO corresponding to the UE in the second effective PO set; or when the configuration information is third configuration information, the effective set in the multiple POs is the first effective PO set, and the related information for determining the effective PO corresponding to the UE is offset information. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the second configuration information is contained in a system information updating message. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the second configuration information further comprises a synchronous reference signal corresponding to each effective PO in a difference set between the second effective PO set and the first effective PO set; the method further comprises: performing, before determining the effective PO according to the configuration information, downlink synchronization according to the synchronous reference signal. 11. The method of claim 8, wherein the third configuration information is contained in Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling. 12. The method of claim 8, further comprising: reporting UE related information to the base station to enable the base station to group the UE according to the UE related information, the UE related information comprising at least one of type information, capability information and a service request of the UE. 13.-24. (canceled) 25. A base station, comprising: a processor; and a memory configured to store an instruction executable by the processor, wherein the processor is configured to: determine whether a present system load level of a present cell is greater than a preset load threshold or not; and in response to determining the present system load level is lower than or equal to the preset load threshold, send first configuration information to each User Equipment (UE) in the present cell, the first configuration information comprising multiple Paging Occasions (POs), a first effective PO set in the multiple POs, an identifier (ID) of UE and an ID of an effective PO corresponding to the UE in the first effective PO set. 26.-28. (canceled) 29. The base station of claim 25, wherein the processor is further configured to: in response to determining the present system load level is greater than the preset load threshold, send second configuration information to each UE in the present cell through a system information updating message, wherein the second configuration information comprises: the multiple POs, a second effective PO set in the multiple POs, the ID of the UE and an ID of an effective PO corresponding to the UE in the second effective PO set; the first effective PO set is a subset of the second effective PO set; or in response to determining the present system load level is greater than the preset load threshold, send third configuration information to newly-added UE in the present cell through Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, wherein the third configuration information comprises the multiple POs, the first effective PO set, and offset information. 30. The base station of claim 29, wherein the system information updating message comprises a newly-added field, and the newly-added field is configured to indicate the ID of the UE and the ID of the effective PO corresponding to the UE in the second effective PO set. 31. The base station of claim 29, wherein the second configuration information further comprises a synchronous reference signal corresponding to each effective PO in a difference set between the second effective PO set and the first effective PO set. 32. The base station of claim 29, wherein the processor is further configured to: receive UE related information from the UE, the UE related information comprising at least one of type information, capability information and a service request of the UE; and group the UE according to the UE related information. 33. The base station of claim 32, wherein send the second configuration information to each UE in the present cell through the system information updating message comprises: send an effective PO in the first effective PO set to UE belonging to a first group in the present cell through a system information updating message; and send an effective PO in a difference set between the second effective PO set and the first effective PO set to UE belonging to a second group in the present cell through a system information updating message. 34. A communication system implementing the method of claim 1, comprising the base station, wherein the base station is configured to balance Synchronous Signal Block (SSB) distribution and reduce paging overhead based on the present load level being lower than or equal to the preset load threshold. 35. The communication system of claim 34, further comprising the UE, wherein the UE is configured to receive the configuration information, determine the effective PO according to the configuration information, and receive the paging message through the effective PO that is configured for the UE in the configuration information among the multiple POs, thereby reducing the paging overhead and saving power.

A paging configuration method includes: judging whether a present system load level of a present cell is greater than a preset load threshold or not; and when the present system load level is lower than or equal to the preset load threshold, sending first configuration information to each UE in the present cell, the first configuration information including multiple Paging Occasions (POs), a first effective PO set in the multiple POs, an identifier of UE and an identifier of an effective PO corresponding to the UE in the first effective PO set.1. A paging configuration method, applied to a base station, the method comprising: determining whether a present system load level of a present cell is greater than a preset load threshold; and in response to determining the present system load level is lower than or equal to the preset load threshold, sending first configuration information to each User Equipment (UE) in the present cell, wherein the first configuration information comprises: multiple Paging Occasions (POs), a first effective PO set in the multiple POs, an identifier (ID) of UE and an ID of an effective PO corresponding to the UE in the first effective PO set. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: in response to determining the present system load level is greater than the preset load threshold, sending second configuration information to each UE in the present cell through a system information updating message, wherein the second configuration information comprises: the multiple POs, a second effective PO set in the multiple POs, the ID of the UE and an ID of an effective PO corresponding to the UE in the second effective PO set; the first effective PO set is a subset of the second effective PO set; or in response to determining the present system load level is greater than the preset load threshold, sending third configuration information to newly-added UE in the present cell through Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, wherein the third configuration information comprises the multiple POs, the first effective PO set, and offset information. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the system information updating message comprises a newly-added field, and the newly-added field is configured to indicate the ID of the UE and the ID of the effective PO corresponding to the UE in the second effective PO set. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein the second configuration information further comprises synchronous reference signals corresponding to each effective PO in a difference set between the second effective PO set and the first effective PO set. 5. The method of claim 2, further comprising: receiving UE related information from the UE, the UE related information comprising at least one of type information, capability information and a service request of the UE; and grouping the UE according to the UE related information. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein sending the second configuration information to each UE in the present cell through the system information updating message comprises: sending an effective PO in the first effective PO set to UE belonging to a first group in the present cell through a system information updating message; and sending an effective PO in a difference set between the second effective PO set and the first effective PO set to UE belonging to a second group in the present cell through a system information updating message. 7. A method for receiving a paging message, applied to User Equipment (UE), the method comprising: receiving configuration information from a base station, the configuration information comprising multiple Paging Occasions (POs), an effective PO set in the multiple POs and related information for determining an effective PO corresponding to the UE; determining the effective PO according to the configuration information; and receiving a paging message through the effective PO. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein when the configuration information is first configuration information, the effective set in the multiple POs is a first effective PO set, and the related information for determining the effective PO corresponding to the UE is an identifier (ID) of the UE and an ID of the effective PO corresponding to the UE in the first effective PO set; or when the configuration information is second configuration information, the effective set in the multiple POs is a second effective PO set, and the related information for determining the effective PO corresponding to the UE is the ID of the UE and an ID of an effective PO corresponding to the UE in the second effective PO set; or when the configuration information is third configuration information, the effective set in the multiple POs is the first effective PO set, and the related information for determining the effective PO corresponding to the UE is offset information. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the second configuration information is contained in a system information updating message. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the second configuration information further comprises a synchronous reference signal corresponding to each effective PO in a difference set between the second effective PO set and the first effective PO set; the method further comprises: performing, before determining the effective PO according to the configuration information, downlink synchronization according to the synchronous reference signal. 11. The method of claim 8, wherein the third configuration information is contained in Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling. 12. The method of claim 8, further comprising: reporting UE related information to the base station to enable the base station to group the UE according to the UE related information, the UE related information comprising at least one of type information, capability information and a service request of the UE. 13.-24. (canceled) 25. A base station, comprising: a processor; and a memory configured to store an instruction executable by the processor, wherein the processor is configured to: determine whether a present system load level of a present cell is greater than a preset load threshold or not; and in response to determining the present system load level is lower than or equal to the preset load threshold, send first configuration information to each User Equipment (UE) in the present cell, the first configuration information comprising multiple Paging Occasions (POs), a first effective PO set in the multiple POs, an identifier (ID) of UE and an ID of an effective PO corresponding to the UE in the first effective PO set. 26.-28. (canceled) 29. The base station of claim 25, wherein the processor is further configured to: in response to determining the present system load level is greater than the preset load threshold, send second configuration information to each UE in the present cell through a system information updating message, wherein the second configuration information comprises: the multiple POs, a second effective PO set in the multiple POs, the ID of the UE and an ID of an effective PO corresponding to the UE in the second effective PO set; the first effective PO set is a subset of the second effective PO set; or in response to determining the present system load level is greater than the preset load threshold, send third configuration information to newly-added UE in the present cell through Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, wherein the third configuration information comprises the multiple POs, the first effective PO set, and offset information. 30. The base station of claim 29, wherein the system information updating message comprises a newly-added field, and the newly-added field is configured to indicate the ID of the UE and the ID of the effective PO corresponding to the UE in the second effective PO set. 31. The base station of claim 29, wherein the second configuration information further comprises a synchronous reference signal corresponding to each effective PO in a difference set between the second effective PO set and the first effective PO set. 32. The base station of claim 29, wherein the processor is further configured to: receive UE related information from the UE, the UE related information comprising at least one of type information, capability information and a service request of the UE; and group the UE according to the UE related information. 33. The base station of claim 32, wherein send the second configuration information to each UE in the present cell through the system information updating message comprises: send an effective PO in the first effective PO set to UE belonging to a first group in the present cell through a system information updating message; and send an effective PO in a difference set between the second effective PO set and the first effective PO set to UE belonging to a second group in the present cell through a system information updating message. 34. A communication system implementing the method of claim 1, comprising the base station, wherein the base station is configured to balance Synchronous Signal Block (SSB) distribution and reduce paging overhead based on the present load level being lower than or equal to the preset load threshold. 35. The communication system of claim 34, further comprising the UE, wherein the UE is configured to receive the configuration information, determine the effective PO according to the configuration information, and receive the paging message through the effective PO that is configured for the UE in the configuration information among the multiple POs, thereby reducing the paging overhead and saving power.

A fiber optic adapter is configured to mate with a fiber optic connector. The fiber optic connector has a connector body and a fiber containing ferrule protruding a distance from a forward end of the connector body. The fiber optical adapter includes a housing forming a passageway, a coupling sleeve forming a passageway, and a shutter mounted to the coupling sleeve. The coupling sleeve is configured to accept the connector therein during an insertion of the connector in a longitudinal direction into the passageway. The shutter includes abase portion connected to the coupling sleeve and a light blocking portion extending from the base and extending into the passageway in a first position, the light blocking portion having at least a section being curved from a first end thereof to a second end thereof along a length of the section.

1. A fiber optic adapter configured to mate with a fiber optic connector, the fiber optic connector having a connector body and a fiber containing ferrule protruding a distance from a forward end of the connector body; the adapter comprising: a housing forming a passageway; a coupling sleeve forming a passageway configured to accept the connector therein during an insertion of the connector in a longitudinal direction into the passageway; and a shutter mounted to the coupling sleeve, the shutter comprising a base portion connected to the coupling sleeve and a light blocking portion extending from the base and extending into the passageway in a first position, the light blocking portion having at least a section being curved from a first end thereof to a second end thereof along a length of the section. 2. The fiber optic adapter of claim 1, wherein during insertion of the connector into the passageway of the coupling sleeve, the connector body contacts the curved light blocking portion to unroll the curved light blocking portion into a second position, but the ferrule of the fiber optic connector does not touch the shutter. 3. The fiber optic adapter of claim 1, wherein the housing and the coupling sleeve include mating latching assemblies which are configured to releasably engage with each other. 4. The fiber optic adapter of claim 1, the mating latching assemblies comprises a flexible latch arm having a protrusion extending outwardly therefrom on one of the housing and the coupling sleeve, and a mating recess on the other of the housing and the coupling sleeve. 5. The fiber optic adapter of claim 1, wherein one of the housing and the coupling sleeve includes a key and the other of the housing and the coupling sleeve includes a keyway into which the key seats. 6. The fiber optic adapter of claim 1, wherein the coupling sleeve includes a recess into which the shutter is seated. 7. The fiber optic adapter of claim 6, wherein the coupling sleeve includes a protrusion extending outwardly from the recess, and the shutter includes an opening into which the protrusion seats. 8. In combination, a fiber optic adapter and a fiber optic connector comprising: the fiber optic connector having a connector body and a fiber containing ferrule protruding a distance from a forward end of the connector body; and the adapter comprising a housing forming a passageway, a coupling sleeve forming a passageway configured to accept the connector therein during an insertion of the connector in a longitudinal direction into the passageway, and a shutter mounted to the coupling sleeve, the shutter comprising a base portion connected to the coupling sleeve and a light blocking portion extending from the base and extending into the passageway in a first position, the light blocking portion having at least a section being curved from a first end thereof to a second end thereof along a length of the section. 9. The combination of claim 8, wherein during insertion of the connector into the passageway of the coupling sleeve, the connector body contacts the curved light blocking portion to unroll the curved light blocking portion into a second position, but the ferrule of the fiber optic connector does not touch the shutter. 10. The combination of claim 8, wherein the housing and the coupling sleeve include mating latching assemblies which are configured to releasably engage with each other. 11. The combination of claim 8, the mating latching assemblies comprises a flexible latch arm having a protrusion extending outwardly therefrom on one of the housing and the coupling sleeve, and a mating recess on the other of the housing and the coupling sleeve. 12. The combination of claim 8, wherein one of the housing and the coupling sleeve includes a key and the other of the housing and the coupling sleeve includes a keyway into which the key seats. 13. The combination of claim 8, wherein the coupling sleeve includes a recess into which the shutter is seated. 14. The combination of claim 13, wherein the coupling sleeve includes a protrusion extending outwardly from the recess, and the shutter includes an opening into which the protrusion seats. 15. The combination of claim 14, wherein the connector includes a key and the coupling sleeve includes a keyway into which the key seats, the keyway being opposite to the protrusion. 16. The combination of claim 8, wherein the coupling sleeve and the connector include mating latching assemblies which are configured to releasably engage with each other. 17. The combination of claim 16, the mating latching assemblies comprises a flexible latch arm having a protrusion extending outwardly therefrom on one of the coupling sleeve and the connector, and a mating recess on the other of the coupling sleeve and the connector. 18. The combination of claim 8, wherein the connector includes a key and the coupling sleeve includes a keyway into which the key seats.

A fiber optic adapter is configured to mate with a fiber optic connector. The fiber optic connector has a connector body and a fiber containing ferrule protruding a distance from a forward end of the connector body. The fiber optical adapter includes a housing forming a passageway, a coupling sleeve forming a passageway, and a shutter mounted to the coupling sleeve. The coupling sleeve is configured to accept the connector therein during an insertion of the connector in a longitudinal direction into the passageway. The shutter includes abase portion connected to the coupling sleeve and a light blocking portion extending from the base and extending into the passageway in a first position, the light blocking portion having at least a section being curved from a first end thereof to a second end thereof along a length of the section.1. A fiber optic adapter configured to mate with a fiber optic connector, the fiber optic connector having a connector body and a fiber containing ferrule protruding a distance from a forward end of the connector body; the adapter comprising: a housing forming a passageway; a coupling sleeve forming a passageway configured to accept the connector therein during an insertion of the connector in a longitudinal direction into the passageway; and a shutter mounted to the coupling sleeve, the shutter comprising a base portion connected to the coupling sleeve and a light blocking portion extending from the base and extending into the passageway in a first position, the light blocking portion having at least a section being curved from a first end thereof to a second end thereof along a length of the section. 2. The fiber optic adapter of claim 1, wherein during insertion of the connector into the passageway of the coupling sleeve, the connector body contacts the curved light blocking portion to unroll the curved light blocking portion into a second position, but the ferrule of the fiber optic connector does not touch the shutter. 3. The fiber optic adapter of claim 1, wherein the housing and the coupling sleeve include mating latching assemblies which are configured to releasably engage with each other. 4. The fiber optic adapter of claim 1, the mating latching assemblies comprises a flexible latch arm having a protrusion extending outwardly therefrom on one of the housing and the coupling sleeve, and a mating recess on the other of the housing and the coupling sleeve. 5. The fiber optic adapter of claim 1, wherein one of the housing and the coupling sleeve includes a key and the other of the housing and the coupling sleeve includes a keyway into which the key seats. 6. The fiber optic adapter of claim 1, wherein the coupling sleeve includes a recess into which the shutter is seated. 7. The fiber optic adapter of claim 6, wherein the coupling sleeve includes a protrusion extending outwardly from the recess, and the shutter includes an opening into which the protrusion seats. 8. In combination, a fiber optic adapter and a fiber optic connector comprising: the fiber optic connector having a connector body and a fiber containing ferrule protruding a distance from a forward end of the connector body; and the adapter comprising a housing forming a passageway, a coupling sleeve forming a passageway configured to accept the connector therein during an insertion of the connector in a longitudinal direction into the passageway, and a shutter mounted to the coupling sleeve, the shutter comprising a base portion connected to the coupling sleeve and a light blocking portion extending from the base and extending into the passageway in a first position, the light blocking portion having at least a section being curved from a first end thereof to a second end thereof along a length of the section. 9. The combination of claim 8, wherein during insertion of the connector into the passageway of the coupling sleeve, the connector body contacts the curved light blocking portion to unroll the curved light blocking portion into a second position, but the ferrule of the fiber optic connector does not touch the shutter. 10. The combination of claim 8, wherein the housing and the coupling sleeve include mating latching assemblies which are configured to releasably engage with each other. 11. The combination of claim 8, the mating latching assemblies comprises a flexible latch arm having a protrusion extending outwardly therefrom on one of the housing and the coupling sleeve, and a mating recess on the other of the housing and the coupling sleeve. 12. The combination of claim 8, wherein one of the housing and the coupling sleeve includes a key and the other of the housing and the coupling sleeve includes a keyway into which the key seats. 13. The combination of claim 8, wherein the coupling sleeve includes a recess into which the shutter is seated. 14. The combination of claim 13, wherein the coupling sleeve includes a protrusion extending outwardly from the recess, and the shutter includes an opening into which the protrusion seats. 15. The combination of claim 14, wherein the connector includes a key and the coupling sleeve includes a keyway into which the key seats, the keyway being opposite to the protrusion. 16. The combination of claim 8, wherein the coupling sleeve and the connector include mating latching assemblies which are configured to releasably engage with each other. 17. The combination of claim 16, the mating latching assemblies comprises a flexible latch arm having a protrusion extending outwardly therefrom on one of the coupling sleeve and the connector, and a mating recess on the other of the coupling sleeve and the connector. 18. The combination of claim 8, wherein the connector includes a key and the coupling sleeve includes a keyway into which the key seats.

A latch arrangement for fastening a panel of a door or a window to a frame element is provided. The latch arrangement includes a locking element mounted on the frame element and displaceable between a locked position in which the locking element can be engaged with the panel locking thereby the panel to the frame element, and an unlocked position in which the locking element is disengaged from the panel unlocking thereby the panel from the frame element. An actuating mechanism, optionally including a manually operable handle, is mounted on the panel and configured to selectively engage the locking element and to displace the locking element to the unlocked position. Where a stop latch provides deadlock functionality, the panel-mounted actuating mechanism preferably sequentially releases the stop latch and then displaces the locking element.

1. A latch arrangement for locking a panel of a door or a window to a frame element so as to extend across at least part of an opening in the frame in a plane of closure, the latch arrangement comprising: a locking element mounted on the frame element and displaceable through an unlocking motion between a locked position in which said locking element is engaged with the panel thereby locking the panel to the frame element, and an unlocked position in which said locking element is disengaged from the panel thereby unlocking the panel from the frame element, said unlocking motion including a component o rotational motion and/or a component of displacement non-parallel to the plane of closure; and an actuating mechanism mounted on the panel and configured to selectively engage said locking element and to displace said locking element out of engagement with the panel to said unlocked position. 2. The latch arrangement according to claim 1, wherein said actuating mechanism comprises a handle displaceably mounted on the panel so as to be displaceable between a first position in which said actuating mechanism urges said locking element out of engagement with the panel and a second position in which said actuating mechanism allows said locking element to engage the panel. 3. The latch arrangement according to claim 2, wherein in said first position said handle is pivoted towards an opening direction of the panel. 4. The latch arrangement according to claim 2, wherein said actuating mechanism includes an actuating member displaceably mounted on the panel and configured to selectively move towards said locking element whereby said locking element is displaced to said unlocked position. 5. The latch arrangement according to claim 4, wherein said handle includes a portion engaging said actuating member, and wherein said handle is configured such that, when said handle is displaced to said first position, said actuating member is displaced towards said locking element whereby said locking element is displaced to said unlocked position. 6. The latch arrangement according to claim 5, wherein said handle includes a panic bar displaceable towards the panel and a linkage actuated by movement of said panic bar, said linkage being configured to engage said actuating member and urge said actuating member to move towards said locking element. 7. The latch arrangement according to claim 4, wherein said actuating member comprises a roller element deployed to bear on said locking element. 8. A latch arrangement for locking a panel of a door or a window to a frame element, the latch arrangement comprising: a locking element mounted on the frame element and displaceable between a locked position in which said locking element is engaged with the panel thereby locking the panel to the frame element, and an unlocked position in which said locking element is disengaged from the panel thereby unlocking the panel from the frame element; a stop latch deployed to assume a secured position in which said stop latch mechanically obstructs motion of said locking element to prevent displacement of said locking element to said unlocked position, said stop latch being displaceable to a released position in which said locking element is free to be displaced to said unlocked position; and an actuating mechanism configured to selectively displace said stop latch to said released position and to displace said locking element to said unlocked position, wherein said actuating mechanism is mounted on the panel. 9. The latch arrangement according to claim 8, wherein said actuating mechanism comprises a manually displaceable handle displaceably mounted on the panel, and wherein the actuating mechanism is configured such that motion of said handle performs sequentially displacement of said stop latch to said released position following by displacement of said locking element out of engagement with the panel. 10. The latch arrangement according to claim 8, wherein said stop latch is mounted on said locking element and is configured to selectively engage an abutment feature such that displacement o said locking element to the unlocked position is obstructed. 11. The latch arrangement according to claim 10, wherein said stop latch is slidably mounted on said locking element and is configured to slide between said secured position and said released position in which said at least one portion is retracted away from said abutment feature such that said locking element is free to be displaced to said unlocked position. 12. The latch arrangement according to claim 10, wherein said abutment feature is located on the panel. 13. The latch arrangement according to claim 10, said abutment feature is located on the frame element. 14. The latch arrangement according to claim 10, wherein said stop latch is pivotally mounted on said locking element and is configured to pivot between said secured position and said released position. 15. The latch arrangement according to claim 14, wherein said actuating mechanism includes a catch member and wherein in said secured position said stop latch is engaged with said catch member. 16. The latch arrangement according to claim 1, wherein said locking element in said locked position engages a pressure surface of the panel oriented at an inclination to a plane of closure of the panel against the frame such that force applied to displace the panel towards an opening direction of the panel is opposed by compressive forces applied by said pressure surface to said locking element. 17. A latch arrangement for locking a panel of a door or a window to a frame element so as to extend across at least part of an opening in the frame in a plane of closure, the latch arrangement comprising: through an unlocking motion between a locked position in which said locking element is engaged with the panel thereby locking the panel to the frame element, and an unlocked position in which said locking element is disengaged from the panel thereby unlocking the panel from the frame element; an actuating mechanism mounted on the panel and configured to selectively engage said locking element and to displace said locking element out of engagement with the panel to said unlocked position, wherein said locking element in said locked position engages a pressure surface of the panel oriented at an inclination to the plane of closure such that force applied to displace the panel towards an opening direction of the panel is opposed by compressive forces applied by said pressure surface to said locking element. 18. A door or a window comprising: a frame element; a panel configured to abut against a portion of said frame element; and the latch arrangement of claim 1 deployed to selectively fasten the panel to the frame element. 19. The door or the window of claim 18 wherein said panel is a sliding panel configured to slide towards and away from said frame element, between a closed state and an open state. 20. The door or the window of claim 18 wherein said panel is a hinged panel. configured to rotate towards and away from said frame element, between a closed state and an open state.

A latch arrangement for fastening a panel of a door or a window to a frame element is provided. The latch arrangement includes a locking element mounted on the frame element and displaceable between a locked position in which the locking element can be engaged with the panel locking thereby the panel to the frame element, and an unlocked position in which the locking element is disengaged from the panel unlocking thereby the panel from the frame element. An actuating mechanism, optionally including a manually operable handle, is mounted on the panel and configured to selectively engage the locking element and to displace the locking element to the unlocked position. Where a stop latch provides deadlock functionality, the panel-mounted actuating mechanism preferably sequentially releases the stop latch and then displaces the locking element.1. A latch arrangement for locking a panel of a door or a window to a frame element so as to extend across at least part of an opening in the frame in a plane of closure, the latch arrangement comprising: a locking element mounted on the frame element and displaceable through an unlocking motion between a locked position in which said locking element is engaged with the panel thereby locking the panel to the frame element, and an unlocked position in which said locking element is disengaged from the panel thereby unlocking the panel from the frame element, said unlocking motion including a component o rotational motion and/or a component of displacement non-parallel to the plane of closure; and an actuating mechanism mounted on the panel and configured to selectively engage said locking element and to displace said locking element out of engagement with the panel to said unlocked position. 2. The latch arrangement according to claim 1, wherein said actuating mechanism comprises a handle displaceably mounted on the panel so as to be displaceable between a first position in which said actuating mechanism urges said locking element out of engagement with the panel and a second position in which said actuating mechanism allows said locking element to engage the panel. 3. The latch arrangement according to claim 2, wherein in said first position said handle is pivoted towards an opening direction of the panel. 4. The latch arrangement according to claim 2, wherein said actuating mechanism includes an actuating member displaceably mounted on the panel and configured to selectively move towards said locking element whereby said locking element is displaced to said unlocked position. 5. The latch arrangement according to claim 4, wherein said handle includes a portion engaging said actuating member, and wherein said handle is configured such that, when said handle is displaced to said first position, said actuating member is displaced towards said locking element whereby said locking element is displaced to said unlocked position. 6. The latch arrangement according to claim 5, wherein said handle includes a panic bar displaceable towards the panel and a linkage actuated by movement of said panic bar, said linkage being configured to engage said actuating member and urge said actuating member to move towards said locking element. 7. The latch arrangement according to claim 4, wherein said actuating member comprises a roller element deployed to bear on said locking element. 8. A latch arrangement for locking a panel of a door or a window to a frame element, the latch arrangement comprising: a locking element mounted on the frame element and displaceable between a locked position in which said locking element is engaged with the panel thereby locking the panel to the frame element, and an unlocked position in which said locking element is disengaged from the panel thereby unlocking the panel from the frame element; a stop latch deployed to assume a secured position in which said stop latch mechanically obstructs motion of said locking element to prevent displacement of said locking element to said unlocked position, said stop latch being displaceable to a released position in which said locking element is free to be displaced to said unlocked position; and an actuating mechanism configured to selectively displace said stop latch to said released position and to displace said locking element to said unlocked position, wherein said actuating mechanism is mounted on the panel. 9. The latch arrangement according to claim 8, wherein said actuating mechanism comprises a manually displaceable handle displaceably mounted on the panel, and wherein the actuating mechanism is configured such that motion of said handle performs sequentially displacement of said stop latch to said released position following by displacement of said locking element out of engagement with the panel. 10. The latch arrangement according to claim 8, wherein said stop latch is mounted on said locking element and is configured to selectively engage an abutment feature such that displacement o said locking element to the unlocked position is obstructed. 11. The latch arrangement according to claim 10, wherein said stop latch is slidably mounted on said locking element and is configured to slide between said secured position and said released position in which said at least one portion is retracted away from said abutment feature such that said locking element is free to be displaced to said unlocked position. 12. The latch arrangement according to claim 10, wherein said abutment feature is located on the panel. 13. The latch arrangement according to claim 10, said abutment feature is located on the frame element. 14. The latch arrangement according to claim 10, wherein said stop latch is pivotally mounted on said locking element and is configured to pivot between said secured position and said released position. 15. The latch arrangement according to claim 14, wherein said actuating mechanism includes a catch member and wherein in said secured position said stop latch is engaged with said catch member. 16. The latch arrangement according to claim 1, wherein said locking element in said locked position engages a pressure surface of the panel oriented at an inclination to a plane of closure of the panel against the frame such that force applied to displace the panel towards an opening direction of the panel is opposed by compressive forces applied by said pressure surface to said locking element. 17. A latch arrangement for locking a panel of a door or a window to a frame element so as to extend across at least part of an opening in the frame in a plane of closure, the latch arrangement comprising: through an unlocking motion between a locked position in which said locking element is engaged with the panel thereby locking the panel to the frame element, and an unlocked position in which said locking element is disengaged from the panel thereby unlocking the panel from the frame element; an actuating mechanism mounted on the panel and configured to selectively engage said locking element and to displace said locking element out of engagement with the panel to said unlocked position, wherein said locking element in said locked position engages a pressure surface of the panel oriented at an inclination to the plane of closure such that force applied to displace the panel towards an opening direction of the panel is opposed by compressive forces applied by said pressure surface to said locking element. 18. A door or a window comprising: a frame element; a panel configured to abut against a portion of said frame element; and the latch arrangement of claim 1 deployed to selectively fasten the panel to the frame element. 19. The door or the window of claim 18 wherein said panel is a sliding panel configured to slide towards and away from said frame element, between a closed state and an open state. 20. The door or the window of claim 18 wherein said panel is a hinged panel. configured to rotate towards and away from said frame element, between a closed state and an open state.

An autonomous cooling vest to cool its user by evaporating a coolant in contact with the user's skin surface is described. Multifunctional panels attached to the vest in the parts corresponding to the human body are permeable to ambient air and contain a liquid retaining screen kept in contact with the user's skin. The cooling support system automatically controls the transfer of the coolant liquid contained in a reservoir to each screen and allows the user to adjust the operation of the system to activate and deactivate the ventilation on the liquid retained in the screens and adjust the amount of liquid dispersed over the screens as needed. The flow of air ventilated by the fans and the air that permeates through the referred multifunctional panels favor the evaporation of the liquid retained in the screens, promoting the user's cooling.

1-4. (canceled) 5. A vest integrated with a cooling support system intended for the cooling of a person, comprising at least one reservoir of liquid, a duct network, at least one liquid retaining screen, at least one fan for each liquid retaining screen, at least one propellant pump, means for automatically controlling the functioning of said cooling support system, means for maintaining each liquid retaining screen in contact with the user's skin surface and means for irrigating each liquid retaining screen with the liquid contained in at least one reservoir; the vest integrated with a cooling support system characterized by further comprising: a) at least one hydraulic device comprising means for restraining the flow of liquid which flows through itself; b) at least one pressure sensor comprising means for sensing the pressure of the liquid; c) at least one valve comprising means for opening and closing the flow of liquid; and d) means for the ventilation produced by at least one fan to effect on each liquid retaining screen. 6. The vest integrated with a cooling support system, according to claim 1, characterized by including: a) each reservoir connected to the outlet nozzle of said at least one propellant pump for pressurizing each reservoir, each air pump comprising an air electropump whose electrical contacts are connected in series to a first electric current supply circuit; b) each reservoir connected to the pressure tap of said at least one pressure sensor for sensing the pressure inside each reservoir, each pressure sensor comprising a pressure switch whose electrical contacts are connected in series to the first electric current supply circuit; c) the outlet nozzle of each reservoir connected to the inlet nozzle of said at least one valve for collecting the liquid drained of each reservoir, each valve comprising a solenoid valve whose electrical contacts are connected in series to a second electrical current supply circuit; d) the outlet nozzle of the solenoid valve connected to the inlet nozzle of the duct network; e) the outlet nozzle of each terminal branch of the duct network connected to said at least one hydraulic device for restraining the flow of liquid in the respective terminal branch of the duct network, each hydraulic device being hereinafter referred to as calibrated orifice, comprising an orifice in the tubule whereby the liquid flows, which dimensions make the amount of liquid ejected as a function of the pressure of the liquid in the terminal branch of the duct network; f) the second electric current supply circuit connected in series to at least one electrical device comprising means for repeatedly varying the state of the second electric current supply circuit between open and closed, each said electric device, hereinafter referred as timer, also comprising at least one potentiometer through which the user selects the opening state and closing state times; g) the first and second electric current supply circuits connected in series to an electric current switch; h) the first and second electric current supply circuits connected in series to at least one electric current supply; i) each fan, comprised by a fan powered by electric current, is connected in series to a third electric current supply circuit; j) the third electric current supply circuit connected in series to a second electric current switch; and k) the third electric current supply circuit connected in series to a second electric current switch. 7. The vest integrated with a cooling support system, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the means for maintaining each liquid retaining screen in contact with the user's skin surface, the means for irrigating each liquid retaining screen with the liquid contained in at least one reservoir and the means for that the ventilation produced by at least one fan effects on each liquid retaining screen, are supported by a panel, hereinafter referred to as multifunctional panel, which: a) is fixed to the vest in parts corresponding to the user's chest, back, abdomen, arms or legs; b) is comprised of juxtaposed layers, the outermost layer being made of predominantly rigid materials, the intermediate layer being made of predominantly elastic materials and the innermost layer comprising said at least one screen capable of retaining liquid; c) has perforations and in the outer and intermediate layers; d) contains in the intermediate layer a channel with a diameter equal to the outer diameter of the terminal branch of the duct network; e) contains in said channel a terminal branch of the duct network; f) contains in the intermediate layer a dispersion nozzle which interconnects the interstice between the inner and intermediate layers to said channel; g) contains in the intermediate layer at least one cavity with a perforation that transpasses through the entire intermediate layer; and h) contains in said cavity a fan positioned so as to ventilate towards said at least one screen. 8. The vest integrated with a cooling support system, according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that the means for maintaining each liquid retaining screen in contact with the user's skin surface, the means for irrigating each liquid retaining screen with the liquid contained in at least one reservoir and the means for that the ventilation produced by at least one fan effects on each liquid retaining screen, are supported by a panel, hereinafter referred to as multifunctional panel, which: a) is fixed to the vest in parts corresponding to the user's chest, back, abdomen, arms or legs; b) is comprised of juxtaposed layers, the outermost layer being made of predominantly rigid materials, the intermediate layer being made of predominantly elastic materials and the innermost layer comprising said at least one screen capable of retaining liquid; c) has perforations and in the outer and intermediate layers; d) contains in the intermediate layer a channel with a diameter equal to the outer diameter of the terminal branch of the duct network; e) contains in said channel a terminal branch of the duct network; f) contains in the intermediate layer a dispersion nozzle which interconnects the interstice between the inner and intermediate layers to said channel; g) contains in the intermediate layer at least one cavity with a perforation that transpasses through the entire intermediate layer; and h) contains in said cavity a fan positioned so as to ventilate towards said at least one screen.

An autonomous cooling vest to cool its user by evaporating a coolant in contact with the user's skin surface is described. Multifunctional panels attached to the vest in the parts corresponding to the human body are permeable to ambient air and contain a liquid retaining screen kept in contact with the user's skin. The cooling support system automatically controls the transfer of the coolant liquid contained in a reservoir to each screen and allows the user to adjust the operation of the system to activate and deactivate the ventilation on the liquid retained in the screens and adjust the amount of liquid dispersed over the screens as needed. The flow of air ventilated by the fans and the air that permeates through the referred multifunctional panels favor the evaporation of the liquid retained in the screens, promoting the user's cooling.1-4. (canceled) 5. A vest integrated with a cooling support system intended for the cooling of a person, comprising at least one reservoir of liquid, a duct network, at least one liquid retaining screen, at least one fan for each liquid retaining screen, at least one propellant pump, means for automatically controlling the functioning of said cooling support system, means for maintaining each liquid retaining screen in contact with the user's skin surface and means for irrigating each liquid retaining screen with the liquid contained in at least one reservoir; the vest integrated with a cooling support system characterized by further comprising: a) at least one hydraulic device comprising means for restraining the flow of liquid which flows through itself; b) at least one pressure sensor comprising means for sensing the pressure of the liquid; c) at least one valve comprising means for opening and closing the flow of liquid; and d) means for the ventilation produced by at least one fan to effect on each liquid retaining screen. 6. The vest integrated with a cooling support system, according to claim 1, characterized by including: a) each reservoir connected to the outlet nozzle of said at least one propellant pump for pressurizing each reservoir, each air pump comprising an air electropump whose electrical contacts are connected in series to a first electric current supply circuit; b) each reservoir connected to the pressure tap of said at least one pressure sensor for sensing the pressure inside each reservoir, each pressure sensor comprising a pressure switch whose electrical contacts are connected in series to the first electric current supply circuit; c) the outlet nozzle of each reservoir connected to the inlet nozzle of said at least one valve for collecting the liquid drained of each reservoir, each valve comprising a solenoid valve whose electrical contacts are connected in series to a second electrical current supply circuit; d) the outlet nozzle of the solenoid valve connected to the inlet nozzle of the duct network; e) the outlet nozzle of each terminal branch of the duct network connected to said at least one hydraulic device for restraining the flow of liquid in the respective terminal branch of the duct network, each hydraulic device being hereinafter referred to as calibrated orifice, comprising an orifice in the tubule whereby the liquid flows, which dimensions make the amount of liquid ejected as a function of the pressure of the liquid in the terminal branch of the duct network; f) the second electric current supply circuit connected in series to at least one electrical device comprising means for repeatedly varying the state of the second electric current supply circuit between open and closed, each said electric device, hereinafter referred as timer, also comprising at least one potentiometer through which the user selects the opening state and closing state times; g) the first and second electric current supply circuits connected in series to an electric current switch; h) the first and second electric current supply circuits connected in series to at least one electric current supply; i) each fan, comprised by a fan powered by electric current, is connected in series to a third electric current supply circuit; j) the third electric current supply circuit connected in series to a second electric current switch; and k) the third electric current supply circuit connected in series to a second electric current switch. 7. The vest integrated with a cooling support system, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the means for maintaining each liquid retaining screen in contact with the user's skin surface, the means for irrigating each liquid retaining screen with the liquid contained in at least one reservoir and the means for that the ventilation produced by at least one fan effects on each liquid retaining screen, are supported by a panel, hereinafter referred to as multifunctional panel, which: a) is fixed to the vest in parts corresponding to the user's chest, back, abdomen, arms or legs; b) is comprised of juxtaposed layers, the outermost layer being made of predominantly rigid materials, the intermediate layer being made of predominantly elastic materials and the innermost layer comprising said at least one screen capable of retaining liquid; c) has perforations and in the outer and intermediate layers; d) contains in the intermediate layer a channel with a diameter equal to the outer diameter of the terminal branch of the duct network; e) contains in said channel a terminal branch of the duct network; f) contains in the intermediate layer a dispersion nozzle which interconnects the interstice between the inner and intermediate layers to said channel; g) contains in the intermediate layer at least one cavity with a perforation that transpasses through the entire intermediate layer; and h) contains in said cavity a fan positioned so as to ventilate towards said at least one screen. 8. The vest integrated with a cooling support system, according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that the means for maintaining each liquid retaining screen in contact with the user's skin surface, the means for irrigating each liquid retaining screen with the liquid contained in at least one reservoir and the means for that the ventilation produced by at least one fan effects on each liquid retaining screen, are supported by a panel, hereinafter referred to as multifunctional panel, which: a) is fixed to the vest in parts corresponding to the user's chest, back, abdomen, arms or legs; b) is comprised of juxtaposed layers, the outermost layer being made of predominantly rigid materials, the intermediate layer being made of predominantly elastic materials and the innermost layer comprising said at least one screen capable of retaining liquid; c) has perforations and in the outer and intermediate layers; d) contains in the intermediate layer a channel with a diameter equal to the outer diameter of the terminal branch of the duct network; e) contains in said channel a terminal branch of the duct network; f) contains in the intermediate layer a dispersion nozzle which interconnects the interstice between the inner and intermediate layers to said channel; g) contains in the intermediate layer at least one cavity with a perforation that transpasses through the entire intermediate layer; and h) contains in said cavity a fan positioned so as to ventilate towards said at least one screen.

The present invention is a fastener (30). The current fastener (30) is particularly useful in surgical procedures. Among other things, the surgical fastener (30) is provided with a conduit (50, 210) to dispense or carry biocompatible substances.

1) A surgical fastener comprising an integral shank and head; the surgical fastener further comprising: a) a length comprising a longitudinal axis traversing from the head integral with a first end of the shank to a second end of the shank opposite the head; the second end comprising a tapered section tapering inward toward the longitudinal axis as the tapered section approaches the second end; b) a conduit extending between the head and the second end; the conduit formed by a uninterrupted section of a cylindrical barrier of the head and the first end, a second uninterrupted section of the cylindrical barrier of second end and an intermediate section positioned between the first uninterrupted section and the second uninterrupted section, wherein the conduit is adapted to carry one or more biocompatible substances; c) an inward side of the cylindrical barrier contiguous with the conduit and an outward side of the cylindrical barrier integral with the inward side; d) openings positioned in the intermediate section between the first end and the tapered section; each opening extending through the inward and outward sides of the cylindrical barrier, wherein an outward edge of each opening corresponds to the radius of the outward side such that each opening opens to a surgical environment external of the surgical fastener; e) a thread attached to the outward side and spiraling through a second radius more distant from the longitudinal axis than the outward side's radius, wherein at least two winds of the thread circumscribe each opening; and f) surface treatments for one or more of the head, the shank, the inward side or the thread. 2) The surgical fastener of claim 1, wherein the openings are equidistant from each other. 3) The surgical fastener of claim 2, wherein the head comprises an aperture aligned with the longitudinal axis and a fitting adapted to contact a surgical tool. 4) The surgical fastener of claim 3, wherein at least two of the openings are on opposite sides of the shank. 5) The surgical fastener of claim 4, wherein each of the at least two openings comprises a length greater than a width. 6) The surgical fastener of claim 5, wherein said head is a polyaxial head. 7) A surgical fastener comprising: a) a shank comprising: i) a longitudinal axis traversing from a first end to a second end opposite the first end; ii) a conduit extending between the first end and the second end; the conduit comprising a first uninterrupted section of a cylindrical barrier proximate the first end and a second uninterrupted section of the cylindrical barrier proximate the second end, wherein the conduit is adapted to carry one or more biocompatible substances; iii) an inward side of the cylindrical barrier contiguous with the conduit and an outward side of the cylindrical barrier integral with the inward side; iv) openings of the cylindrical barrier positioned between the first uninterrupted section of the cylindrical barrier proximate the first end and the second uninterrupted section of the cylindrical barrier proximate the second end; each opening extending through the inward and outward sides of the cylindrical barrier, wherein an outward edge of each opening corresponds to the radius of the outward side such that each opening opens to a surgical environment external of the surgical fastener; and v) a thread attached to the outward side and turning through a second radius outward from the radius of the outward side, wherein at least a first wind of the thread circumscribes each opening and at least one opening is circumscribed by a second wind of the thread; and b) a head comprising an aperture aligned with the longitudinal axis and a fitting adapted to receive a surgical tool. 8) The surgical fastener of claim 7 comprising a tapered section tapering inward toward the longitudinal axis as the tapered section approaches the second end. 9) The surgical fastener of claim 8 comprising surface treatments for one or more of the head, the shank, inward side or the thread. 10) The surgical fastener of claim 9, wherein at least two of the openings are on opposite sides of the shank. 11) The surgical fastener of claim 10, wherein each of the at least two openings comprise a length greater than a width; 12) The surgical fastener of claim 11, wherein said head is a polyaxial head. 13) A shank for a surgical fastener; the shank comprising: a) a longitudinal axis traversing from a first end to a second end opposite the first end; b) a conduit extending between the first end and the second end; the conduit comprising a first uninterrupted section of a cylindrical barrier proximate the first end and a second uninterrupted section of the cylindrical barrier proximate the second end, wherein the conduit is adapted to carry one or more biocompatible substances; c) an inward side of the cylindrical barrier contiguous with the conduit and an outward side of the cylindrical barrier integral with the inward side; d) openings of the cylindrical barrier positioned between the first uninterrupted section of the cylindrical barrier proximate the first end and the second uninterrupted section of the cylindrical barrier proximate the second end; each opening extending through the inward and outward sides of the cylindrical barrier, wherein an outward edge of each opening corresponds to the radius of the outward side such that each opening is adapted to dispense biocompatible substances into a surgical environment external of the shank; and e) a thread attached to the outward side and turning through a second radius outward from the radius of the outward side, wherein at least a first wind of the thread circumscribes each opening. 14) The shank of claim 13 comprising a) a tapered section tapering inward toward the longitudinal axis as the tapered section approaches the second end; and b) at least one opening circumscribed by a second wind of the thread. 15) The shank of claim 14 comprising surface treatments for one or more of the shank, the outward side, inward side or the thread. 16) The shank of claim 15, wherein the openings are equidistant from each other. 17) The shank of claim 16, wherein at least two of the openings are on opposite sides of the shank and comprise lengths greater than widths.

The present invention is a fastener (30). The current fastener (30) is particularly useful in surgical procedures. Among other things, the surgical fastener (30) is provided with a conduit (50, 210) to dispense or carry biocompatible substances.1) A surgical fastener comprising an integral shank and head; the surgical fastener further comprising: a) a length comprising a longitudinal axis traversing from the head integral with a first end of the shank to a second end of the shank opposite the head; the second end comprising a tapered section tapering inward toward the longitudinal axis as the tapered section approaches the second end; b) a conduit extending between the head and the second end; the conduit formed by a uninterrupted section of a cylindrical barrier of the head and the first end, a second uninterrupted section of the cylindrical barrier of second end and an intermediate section positioned between the first uninterrupted section and the second uninterrupted section, wherein the conduit is adapted to carry one or more biocompatible substances; c) an inward side of the cylindrical barrier contiguous with the conduit and an outward side of the cylindrical barrier integral with the inward side; d) openings positioned in the intermediate section between the first end and the tapered section; each opening extending through the inward and outward sides of the cylindrical barrier, wherein an outward edge of each opening corresponds to the radius of the outward side such that each opening opens to a surgical environment external of the surgical fastener; e) a thread attached to the outward side and spiraling through a second radius more distant from the longitudinal axis than the outward side's radius, wherein at least two winds of the thread circumscribe each opening; and f) surface treatments for one or more of the head, the shank, the inward side or the thread. 2) The surgical fastener of claim 1, wherein the openings are equidistant from each other. 3) The surgical fastener of claim 2, wherein the head comprises an aperture aligned with the longitudinal axis and a fitting adapted to contact a surgical tool. 4) The surgical fastener of claim 3, wherein at least two of the openings are on opposite sides of the shank. 5) The surgical fastener of claim 4, wherein each of the at least two openings comprises a length greater than a width. 6) The surgical fastener of claim 5, wherein said head is a polyaxial head. 7) A surgical fastener comprising: a) a shank comprising: i) a longitudinal axis traversing from a first end to a second end opposite the first end; ii) a conduit extending between the first end and the second end; the conduit comprising a first uninterrupted section of a cylindrical barrier proximate the first end and a second uninterrupted section of the cylindrical barrier proximate the second end, wherein the conduit is adapted to carry one or more biocompatible substances; iii) an inward side of the cylindrical barrier contiguous with the conduit and an outward side of the cylindrical barrier integral with the inward side; iv) openings of the cylindrical barrier positioned between the first uninterrupted section of the cylindrical barrier proximate the first end and the second uninterrupted section of the cylindrical barrier proximate the second end; each opening extending through the inward and outward sides of the cylindrical barrier, wherein an outward edge of each opening corresponds to the radius of the outward side such that each opening opens to a surgical environment external of the surgical fastener; and v) a thread attached to the outward side and turning through a second radius outward from the radius of the outward side, wherein at least a first wind of the thread circumscribes each opening and at least one opening is circumscribed by a second wind of the thread; and b) a head comprising an aperture aligned with the longitudinal axis and a fitting adapted to receive a surgical tool. 8) The surgical fastener of claim 7 comprising a tapered section tapering inward toward the longitudinal axis as the tapered section approaches the second end. 9) The surgical fastener of claim 8 comprising surface treatments for one or more of the head, the shank, inward side or the thread. 10) The surgical fastener of claim 9, wherein at least two of the openings are on opposite sides of the shank. 11) The surgical fastener of claim 10, wherein each of the at least two openings comprise a length greater than a width; 12) The surgical fastener of claim 11, wherein said head is a polyaxial head. 13) A shank for a surgical fastener; the shank comprising: a) a longitudinal axis traversing from a first end to a second end opposite the first end; b) a conduit extending between the first end and the second end; the conduit comprising a first uninterrupted section of a cylindrical barrier proximate the first end and a second uninterrupted section of the cylindrical barrier proximate the second end, wherein the conduit is adapted to carry one or more biocompatible substances; c) an inward side of the cylindrical barrier contiguous with the conduit and an outward side of the cylindrical barrier integral with the inward side; d) openings of the cylindrical barrier positioned between the first uninterrupted section of the cylindrical barrier proximate the first end and the second uninterrupted section of the cylindrical barrier proximate the second end; each opening extending through the inward and outward sides of the cylindrical barrier, wherein an outward edge of each opening corresponds to the radius of the outward side such that each opening is adapted to dispense biocompatible substances into a surgical environment external of the shank; and e) a thread attached to the outward side and turning through a second radius outward from the radius of the outward side, wherein at least a first wind of the thread circumscribes each opening. 14) The shank of claim 13 comprising a) a tapered section tapering inward toward the longitudinal axis as the tapered section approaches the second end; and b) at least one opening circumscribed by a second wind of the thread. 15) The shank of claim 14 comprising surface treatments for one or more of the shank, the outward side, inward side or the thread. 16) The shank of claim 15, wherein the openings are equidistant from each other. 17) The shank of claim 16, wherein at least two of the openings are on opposite sides of the shank and comprise lengths greater than widths.

According to a method for producing a flexible OLED device of the present disclosure, a multilayer stack (100) is provided, the multilayer stack including a base (10), a functional layer region (20) which includes a TFT layer and an OLED layer, a flexible film (30) provided between the base and the functional layer region and supporting the functional layer region, and a release layer (12) provided between the flexible film and the base and bound to the base. The release layer is irradiated with lift-off light (216) transmitted through the base, whereby the flexible film is delaminated from the release layer. The release layer is made of an alloy of aluminum and silicon.

1. A method for producing a flexible OLED device, comprising: providing a multilayer stack, the multilayer stack including a base, a functional layer region which includes a TFT layer and an OLED layer, a flexible film provided between the base and the functional layer region and supporting the functional layer region, and a release layer provided between the flexible film and the base and bound to the base; and irradiating the release layer with ultraviolet laser light transmitted through the base, thereby delaminating the flexible film from the release layer, wherein the release layer is made of an alloy of aluminum and silicon. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein a weight percentage of silicon contained in the alloy is not less than 4% and not more than 20%. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein a linear expansion coefficient of the release layer is not less than 30% and not more than 500% of a linear expansion coefficient of the flexible film. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein a thickness of the release layer is not less than 100 nm and not more than 5000 nm. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein a wavelength of the ultraviolet laser light is not less than 300 nm and not more than 360 nm. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein a thickness of the flexible film is not less than 5 μm and not more than 20 μm. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein providing the multilayer stack includes sputtering an aluminum target which contains silicon, thereby forming the release layer on the base, and forming the flexible film on the release layer. 8. The method of claim 1 comprising, after the flexible film is delaminated from the release layer, removing and recovering the release layer from the base. 9. A supporting substrate of a flexible OLED device, comprising: a release layer which is made of an alloy of aluminum and silicon; and a base supporting the release layer, the base being made of a material which is capable of transmitting ultraviolet light. 10. The supporting substrate of claim 9, further comprising a flexible film covering the release layer, the flexible film being made of the material which is capable of transmitting ultraviolet light. 11. The supporting substrate of claim 9, wherein a weight percentage of silicon contained in the alloy is not less than 4% and not more than 20%. 12. The supporting substrate of claim 10, wherein a linear expansion coefficient of the release layer is not less than 30% and not more than 500% of a linear expansion coefficient of the flexible film. 13. The supporting substrate of claim 9, wherein a thickness of the release layer is not less than 100 nm and not more than 5000 nm.

According to a method for producing a flexible OLED device of the present disclosure, a multilayer stack (100) is provided, the multilayer stack including a base (10), a functional layer region (20) which includes a TFT layer and an OLED layer, a flexible film (30) provided between the base and the functional layer region and supporting the functional layer region, and a release layer (12) provided between the flexible film and the base and bound to the base. The release layer is irradiated with lift-off light (216) transmitted through the base, whereby the flexible film is delaminated from the release layer. The release layer is made of an alloy of aluminum and silicon.1. A method for producing a flexible OLED device, comprising: providing a multilayer stack, the multilayer stack including a base, a functional layer region which includes a TFT layer and an OLED layer, a flexible film provided between the base and the functional layer region and supporting the functional layer region, and a release layer provided between the flexible film and the base and bound to the base; and irradiating the release layer with ultraviolet laser light transmitted through the base, thereby delaminating the flexible film from the release layer, wherein the release layer is made of an alloy of aluminum and silicon. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein a weight percentage of silicon contained in the alloy is not less than 4% and not more than 20%. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein a linear expansion coefficient of the release layer is not less than 30% and not more than 500% of a linear expansion coefficient of the flexible film. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein a thickness of the release layer is not less than 100 nm and not more than 5000 nm. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein a wavelength of the ultraviolet laser light is not less than 300 nm and not more than 360 nm. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein a thickness of the flexible film is not less than 5 μm and not more than 20 μm. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein providing the multilayer stack includes sputtering an aluminum target which contains silicon, thereby forming the release layer on the base, and forming the flexible film on the release layer. 8. The method of claim 1 comprising, after the flexible film is delaminated from the release layer, removing and recovering the release layer from the base. 9. A supporting substrate of a flexible OLED device, comprising: a release layer which is made of an alloy of aluminum and silicon; and a base supporting the release layer, the base being made of a material which is capable of transmitting ultraviolet light. 10. The supporting substrate of claim 9, further comprising a flexible film covering the release layer, the flexible film being made of the material which is capable of transmitting ultraviolet light. 11. The supporting substrate of claim 9, wherein a weight percentage of silicon contained in the alloy is not less than 4% and not more than 20%. 12. The supporting substrate of claim 10, wherein a linear expansion coefficient of the release layer is not less than 30% and not more than 500% of a linear expansion coefficient of the flexible film. 13. The supporting substrate of claim 9, wherein a thickness of the release layer is not less than 100 nm and not more than 5000 nm.

According to a method for producing a flexible OLED device of the present disclosure, a multilayer stack (100) is provided, the multilayer stack including a base (10), a functional layer region (20) which includes a TFT layer and an OLED layer, a flexible film (30) provided between the base and the functional layer region and supporting the functional layer region, and a release layer (12) provided between the flexible film and the base and bound to the base. The release layer is irradiated with lift-off light (216) transmitted through the base, whereby the flexible film is delaminated from the release layer. The release layer is made of an alloy of aluminum and silicon.

1. A method for producing a flexible OLED device, comprising: providing a multilayer stack, the multilayer stack including a base, a functional layer region which includes a TFT layer and an OLED layer, a flexible film provided between the base and the functional layer region and supporting the functional layer region, and a release layer provided between the flexible film and the base and bound to the base; and irradiating the release layer with ultraviolet laser light transmitted through the base, thereby delaminating the flexible film from the release layer, wherein the release layer is made of an alloy of aluminum and silicon. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein a weight percentage of silicon contained in the alloy is not less than 4% and not more than 20%. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein a linear expansion coefficient of the release layer is not less than 30% and not more than 500% of a linear expansion coefficient of the flexible film. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein a thickness of the release layer is not less than 100 nm and not more than 5000 nm. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein a wavelength of the ultraviolet laser light is not less than 300 nm and not more than 360 nm. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein a thickness of the flexible film is not less than 5 μm and not more than 20 μm. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein providing the multilayer stack includes sputtering an aluminum target which contains silicon, thereby forming the release layer on the base, and forming the flexible film on the release layer. 8. The method of claim 1 comprising, after the flexible film is delaminated from the release layer, removing and recovering the release layer from the base. 9. A supporting substrate of a flexible OLED device, comprising: a release layer which is made of an alloy of aluminum and silicon; and a base supporting the release layer, the base being made of a material which is capable of transmitting ultraviolet light. 10. The supporting substrate of claim 9, further comprising a flexible film covering the release layer, the flexible film being made of the material which is capable of transmitting ultraviolet light. 11. The supporting substrate of claim 9, wherein a weight percentage of silicon contained in the alloy is not less than 4% and not more than 20%. 12. The supporting substrate of claim 10, wherein a linear expansion coefficient of the release layer is not less than 30% and not more than 500% of a linear expansion coefficient of the flexible film. 13. The supporting substrate of claim 9, wherein a thickness of the release layer is not less than 100 nm and not more than 5000 nm.

According to a method for producing a flexible OLED device of the present disclosure, a multilayer stack (100) is provided, the multilayer stack including a base (10), a functional layer region (20) which includes a TFT layer and an OLED layer, a flexible film (30) provided between the base and the functional layer region and supporting the functional layer region, and a release layer (12) provided between the flexible film and the base and bound to the base. The release layer is irradiated with lift-off light (216) transmitted through the base, whereby the flexible film is delaminated from the release layer. The release layer is made of an alloy of aluminum and silicon.1. A method for producing a flexible OLED device, comprising: providing a multilayer stack, the multilayer stack including a base, a functional layer region which includes a TFT layer and an OLED layer, a flexible film provided between the base and the functional layer region and supporting the functional layer region, and a release layer provided between the flexible film and the base and bound to the base; and irradiating the release layer with ultraviolet laser light transmitted through the base, thereby delaminating the flexible film from the release layer, wherein the release layer is made of an alloy of aluminum and silicon. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein a weight percentage of silicon contained in the alloy is not less than 4% and not more than 20%. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein a linear expansion coefficient of the release layer is not less than 30% and not more than 500% of a linear expansion coefficient of the flexible film. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein a thickness of the release layer is not less than 100 nm and not more than 5000 nm. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein a wavelength of the ultraviolet laser light is not less than 300 nm and not more than 360 nm. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein a thickness of the flexible film is not less than 5 μm and not more than 20 μm. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein providing the multilayer stack includes sputtering an aluminum target which contains silicon, thereby forming the release layer on the base, and forming the flexible film on the release layer. 8. The method of claim 1 comprising, after the flexible film is delaminated from the release layer, removing and recovering the release layer from the base. 9. A supporting substrate of a flexible OLED device, comprising: a release layer which is made of an alloy of aluminum and silicon; and a base supporting the release layer, the base being made of a material which is capable of transmitting ultraviolet light. 10. The supporting substrate of claim 9, further comprising a flexible film covering the release layer, the flexible film being made of the material which is capable of transmitting ultraviolet light. 11. The supporting substrate of claim 9, wherein a weight percentage of silicon contained in the alloy is not less than 4% and not more than 20%. 12. The supporting substrate of claim 10, wherein a linear expansion coefficient of the release layer is not less than 30% and not more than 500% of a linear expansion coefficient of the flexible film. 13. The supporting substrate of claim 9, wherein a thickness of the release layer is not less than 100 nm and not more than 5000 nm.

A tracer injection system can include a tracer solution, a pump configured to pump the tracer solution, a data transmitter associated with the tracer solution, a data receiver configured to receive tracer characteristic data from the data transmitter, and a pump controller that variably operates the pump, based at least in part on the tracer characteristic data received by the data receiver. A tracer injection method can include associating a data transmitter with a container and a tracer solution in the container, so that the data transmitter is transported with the container and the tracer solution, receiving from the data transmitter data indicative of a characteristic of the tracer solution, and pumping the tracer solution from the container at a flow rate based at least in part on the received data.

1. A tracer injection system, comprising: a tracer solution; a pump configured to pump the tracer solution; a data transmitter associated with the tracer solution; a data receiver configured to receive tracer characteristic data from the data transmitter; and a pump controller that variably operates the pump, based at least in part on the tracer characteristic data received by the data receiver. 2. The system of claim 1, in which the tracer characteristic data comprises an identification of a tracer material in the tracer solution. 3. The system of claim 1, in which the tracer characteristic data comprises a concentration of a tracer material in the tracer solution. 4. The system of claim 1, in which the tracer solution comprises a chemical tracer material or a radioactive tracer material. 5. The system of claim 1, in which the pump controller controls operation of the pump, so that a difference between a desired tracer injection rate and a measured tracer injection rate is minimized. 6. The system of claim 1, in which the data transmitter comprises a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag including a memory in which the tracer characteristic data is stored. 7. The system of claim 1, further comprising a data logger which records the tracer characteristic data received by the data receiver. 8. The system of claim 7, in which the data logger records a flow rate of the tracer solution pumped by the pump. 9. The system of claim 7, in which the data logger records a mass of the tracer solution as measured by a scale. 10. The system of claim 9, in which the pump controller controls operation of the pump, so that a difference between a desired tracer mass injection rate and a measured tracer mass injection rate is minimized. 11. A tracer injection method, comprising: associating a wireless data transmitter with a container and a tracer solution in the container, so that the data transmitter is transported with the container and the tracer solution; receiving from the data transmitter data indicative of a characteristic of the tracer solution; and pumping the tracer solution from the container at a flow rate based at least in part on the received data. 12. The method of claim 11, in which the associating comprises affixing the data transmitter to the container. 13. The method of claim 11, in which the pumping comprises a pump controller operating a pump, so that a difference between the flow rate of the tracer solution and a desired flow rate is minimized. 14. The method of claim 11, in which the tracer solution characteristic data comprises an identification of a tracer material in the tracer solution. 15. The method of claim 11, in which the tracer solution characteristic data comprises a concentration of a tracer material in the tracer solution. 16. The method of claim 11, in which the pumping comprises a pump controller operating a pump, so that a difference between a desired tracer injection rate and a measured tracer injection rate is minimized. 17. The method of claim 11, in which the data transmitter comprises a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag including a memory in which the tracer characteristic data is stored. 18. The method of claim 11, further comprising recording the received tracer solution characteristic data. 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising recording at least one of a volumetric flow rate and a mass flow rate of the pumped tracer solution. 20. The method of claim 19, in which the pumping comprises a pump controller controlling operation of a pump, so that a difference between a desired tracer mass injection rate and a measured tracer mass injection rate is minimized.

A tracer injection system can include a tracer solution, a pump configured to pump the tracer solution, a data transmitter associated with the tracer solution, a data receiver configured to receive tracer characteristic data from the data transmitter, and a pump controller that variably operates the pump, based at least in part on the tracer characteristic data received by the data receiver. A tracer injection method can include associating a data transmitter with a container and a tracer solution in the container, so that the data transmitter is transported with the container and the tracer solution, receiving from the data transmitter data indicative of a characteristic of the tracer solution, and pumping the tracer solution from the container at a flow rate based at least in part on the received data.1. A tracer injection system, comprising: a tracer solution; a pump configured to pump the tracer solution; a data transmitter associated with the tracer solution; a data receiver configured to receive tracer characteristic data from the data transmitter; and a pump controller that variably operates the pump, based at least in part on the tracer characteristic data received by the data receiver. 2. The system of claim 1, in which the tracer characteristic data comprises an identification of a tracer material in the tracer solution. 3. The system of claim 1, in which the tracer characteristic data comprises a concentration of a tracer material in the tracer solution. 4. The system of claim 1, in which the tracer solution comprises a chemical tracer material or a radioactive tracer material. 5. The system of claim 1, in which the pump controller controls operation of the pump, so that a difference between a desired tracer injection rate and a measured tracer injection rate is minimized. 6. The system of claim 1, in which the data transmitter comprises a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag including a memory in which the tracer characteristic data is stored. 7. The system of claim 1, further comprising a data logger which records the tracer characteristic data received by the data receiver. 8. The system of claim 7, in which the data logger records a flow rate of the tracer solution pumped by the pump. 9. The system of claim 7, in which the data logger records a mass of the tracer solution as measured by a scale. 10. The system of claim 9, in which the pump controller controls operation of the pump, so that a difference between a desired tracer mass injection rate and a measured tracer mass injection rate is minimized. 11. A tracer injection method, comprising: associating a wireless data transmitter with a container and a tracer solution in the container, so that the data transmitter is transported with the container and the tracer solution; receiving from the data transmitter data indicative of a characteristic of the tracer solution; and pumping the tracer solution from the container at a flow rate based at least in part on the received data. 12. The method of claim 11, in which the associating comprises affixing the data transmitter to the container. 13. The method of claim 11, in which the pumping comprises a pump controller operating a pump, so that a difference between the flow rate of the tracer solution and a desired flow rate is minimized. 14. The method of claim 11, in which the tracer solution characteristic data comprises an identification of a tracer material in the tracer solution. 15. The method of claim 11, in which the tracer solution characteristic data comprises a concentration of a tracer material in the tracer solution. 16. The method of claim 11, in which the pumping comprises a pump controller operating a pump, so that a difference between a desired tracer injection rate and a measured tracer injection rate is minimized. 17. The method of claim 11, in which the data transmitter comprises a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag including a memory in which the tracer characteristic data is stored. 18. The method of claim 11, further comprising recording the received tracer solution characteristic data. 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising recording at least one of a volumetric flow rate and a mass flow rate of the pumped tracer solution. 20. The method of claim 19, in which the pumping comprises a pump controller controlling operation of a pump, so that a difference between a desired tracer mass injection rate and a measured tracer mass injection rate is minimized.

A system for processing water washable flexo photopolymer printing plates, the system comprises a washing line including one or more brushes and a surface essentially facing said brushes, and a guiding means adapted to guide a water washable photopolymer printing plate through the washing line by pulling it from a vicinity of a downstream edge thereof and automatically dragging such water washable photopolymer printing plate on said surface. Said brushes are adapted to contact onto a side of such water washable photopolymer printing plate in a washing direction from the downstream edge towards an upstream edge thereof. The system further comprises one or more attachments adapted to be annexed to the vicinity of the upstream edge of a water washable photopolymer printing plate, the attachments being further adapted to exert friction onto the surface, said friction being greater than that between such water washable photopolymer printing plate and said surface.

1. A system (100) for processing water washable flexo photopolymer printing plates, the system comprising a washing line (10) including one or more brushes (11) and a surface (12) essentially facing said brushes (11), and a guiding means (13) adapted to guide a water washable photopolymer printing plate (90) through the washing line (10) by pulling it from a vicinity of a downstream edge (91) thereof and dragging it on said surface (12) whereby said brushes (11) are adapted to contact onto a side of such water washable photopolymer printing plate (90) in a washing direction (WD) from the downstream edge (91) towards an upstream edge (92) of such water washable photopolymer printing plate (90), characterized in that the system further comprises one or more attachments (20) adapted to be annexed to the vicinity of the upstream edge (92) of such water washable photopolymer printing plate (90), the attachments (20) being further adapted to exert friction onto the surface (12), said friction being greater than that between a water washable photopolymer printing plate (90) and said surface (12) under processing conditions. 2. The system according to the claim 1, wherein the attachments (20) comprise one or more magnets (21), and said surface (12) comprises ferromagnetic material, or the attachments (20) comprise ferromagnetic material and said surface (12) comprise one or more magnets (21). 3. The system according to the claim 1, wherein the attachments (20) comprise one or more sucking discs adapted to provide decreased pressure when applied on said surface (20). 4. The system according to the claim 1, wherein the attachments (20) comprise an adhesive so that the attachment (20) reversibly adheres when contacted with the surface (12). 5. The system according to the claim 1, wherein the attachments (20) comprise one or more weights having a density which is greater than that of a water washable photopolymer printing plate (90). 6. The system according to any of the claims 1 to 5, wherein the attachment (20) comprises pins (23) and/or holes (24) so that it is adapted to be affixed to a water washable photopolymer printing plate (90) through a plurality of pin-and-hole connections. 7. The system according to the claim 6, further comprising a further holding means (22) adapted to cooperate with the attachment (20) in sandwiching of a water washable photopolymer printing plate. 8. The system according to any of the claims 1 to 5, wherein the attachments (20) are adapted to be affixed to such water washable photopolymer printing plate through adhesion or through one or more clamps. 9. A method for processing water washable flexo photopolymer printing plates in a washing line (10) comprising one or more brushes (11) and a surface (12) essentially facing said brushes (11), and a guiding means (13) adapted to guide the water washable photopolymer printing plate (90) through the washing line (10) by pulling it from a vicinity of a downstream edge (91) of such water washable photopolymer printing plate (90) and dragging it on said surface (12), whereby a side of the water washable photopolymer printing plate (90) is brought into contact with said brushes (11) in a washing direction (WD) from the downstream edge (91) towards an upstream edge (92) of such water washable photopolymer printing plate (90), wherein vicinity of the downstream edge (91) of such water washable photopolymer printing plate (90) is annexed with one or more attachments (20) providing friction between said attachments (20) and said surface (12), said friction being greater than that between such water washable photopolymer printing plate and said surface at process conditions. 10. The method according to the claim 9, wherein the attachments (20) comprise one or more magnets (21) and said surface (12) comprises ferromagnetic material, or the attachments (20) comprise ferromagnetic material and said surface (12) comprises one or more magnets (21). 11. The method according to the claim 9, wherein the attachments (20) comprise one or more sucking discs adapted to provide decreased pressure when applied on said surface (12). 12. The method according to the claim 9, wherein the attachments (20) are provided with an adhesive adapted to reversibly adhere onto said surface (12). 13. The method according to the claim 9, wherein the attachments (20) comprise one or more weights having a density which is greater than that of such water washable photopolymer printing plate (90). 14. The method according to any of the claims 9 to 13, wherein the attachments (20) are affixed to such water washable photopolymer printing plate (90) through pin-and-hole connections. 15. The method according to any of the claims 9 to 13, wherein the attachments (20) are affixed to such water washable photopolymer printing plate (90) through adhesion or through one or more clamps.

A system for processing water washable flexo photopolymer printing plates, the system comprises a washing line including one or more brushes and a surface essentially facing said brushes, and a guiding means adapted to guide a water washable photopolymer printing plate through the washing line by pulling it from a vicinity of a downstream edge thereof and automatically dragging such water washable photopolymer printing plate on said surface. Said brushes are adapted to contact onto a side of such water washable photopolymer printing plate in a washing direction from the downstream edge towards an upstream edge thereof. The system further comprises one or more attachments adapted to be annexed to the vicinity of the upstream edge of a water washable photopolymer printing plate, the attachments being further adapted to exert friction onto the surface, said friction being greater than that between such water washable photopolymer printing plate and said surface.1. A system (100) for processing water washable flexo photopolymer printing plates, the system comprising a washing line (10) including one or more brushes (11) and a surface (12) essentially facing said brushes (11), and a guiding means (13) adapted to guide a water washable photopolymer printing plate (90) through the washing line (10) by pulling it from a vicinity of a downstream edge (91) thereof and dragging it on said surface (12) whereby said brushes (11) are adapted to contact onto a side of such water washable photopolymer printing plate (90) in a washing direction (WD) from the downstream edge (91) towards an upstream edge (92) of such water washable photopolymer printing plate (90), characterized in that the system further comprises one or more attachments (20) adapted to be annexed to the vicinity of the upstream edge (92) of such water washable photopolymer printing plate (90), the attachments (20) being further adapted to exert friction onto the surface (12), said friction being greater than that between a water washable photopolymer printing plate (90) and said surface (12) under processing conditions. 2. The system according to the claim 1, wherein the attachments (20) comprise one or more magnets (21), and said surface (12) comprises ferromagnetic material, or the attachments (20) comprise ferromagnetic material and said surface (12) comprise one or more magnets (21). 3. The system according to the claim 1, wherein the attachments (20) comprise one or more sucking discs adapted to provide decreased pressure when applied on said surface (20). 4. The system according to the claim 1, wherein the attachments (20) comprise an adhesive so that the attachment (20) reversibly adheres when contacted with the surface (12). 5. The system according to the claim 1, wherein the attachments (20) comprise one or more weights having a density which is greater than that of a water washable photopolymer printing plate (90). 6. The system according to any of the claims 1 to 5, wherein the attachment (20) comprises pins (23) and/or holes (24) so that it is adapted to be affixed to a water washable photopolymer printing plate (90) through a plurality of pin-and-hole connections. 7. The system according to the claim 6, further comprising a further holding means (22) adapted to cooperate with the attachment (20) in sandwiching of a water washable photopolymer printing plate. 8. The system according to any of the claims 1 to 5, wherein the attachments (20) are adapted to be affixed to such water washable photopolymer printing plate through adhesion or through one or more clamps. 9. A method for processing water washable flexo photopolymer printing plates in a washing line (10) comprising one or more brushes (11) and a surface (12) essentially facing said brushes (11), and a guiding means (13) adapted to guide the water washable photopolymer printing plate (90) through the washing line (10) by pulling it from a vicinity of a downstream edge (91) of such water washable photopolymer printing plate (90) and dragging it on said surface (12), whereby a side of the water washable photopolymer printing plate (90) is brought into contact with said brushes (11) in a washing direction (WD) from the downstream edge (91) towards an upstream edge (92) of such water washable photopolymer printing plate (90), wherein vicinity of the downstream edge (91) of such water washable photopolymer printing plate (90) is annexed with one or more attachments (20) providing friction between said attachments (20) and said surface (12), said friction being greater than that between such water washable photopolymer printing plate and said surface at process conditions. 10. The method according to the claim 9, wherein the attachments (20) comprise one or more magnets (21) and said surface (12) comprises ferromagnetic material, or the attachments (20) comprise ferromagnetic material and said surface (12) comprises one or more magnets (21). 11. The method according to the claim 9, wherein the attachments (20) comprise one or more sucking discs adapted to provide decreased pressure when applied on said surface (12). 12. The method according to the claim 9, wherein the attachments (20) are provided with an adhesive adapted to reversibly adhere onto said surface (12). 13. The method according to the claim 9, wherein the attachments (20) comprise one or more weights having a density which is greater than that of such water washable photopolymer printing plate (90). 14. The method according to any of the claims 9 to 13, wherein the attachments (20) are affixed to such water washable photopolymer printing plate (90) through pin-and-hole connections. 15. The method according to any of the claims 9 to 13, wherein the attachments (20) are affixed to such water washable photopolymer printing plate (90) through adhesion or through one or more clamps.

A surgical table having a tabletop and a column for enabling at least a part of the tabletop to be rotatable about a trend axis extending in a transverse direction across the tabletop; and an actuator mechanism coupled between the movable framework and the column and arranged to raise and lower the movable framework and the trend axis relative to the column and to rotate the movable framework about the trend axis, wherein the actuator mechanism is fitted to an external surface of the outer column element and is adapted to move the movable framework between a lowermost position, at which the trend axis extends through an upper part of the outer column element which surrounds the inner column element when the column elements are telescoped into the contracted configuration, and an uppermost position, at which the trend axis is spaced at spacing height from an uppermost part of the column

1. A surgical table comprising: a base for standing on a floor; a column of adjustable height mounted on and extending from the base, wherein the column comprises a plurality of column elements which form a telescoping assembly, the plurality of column elements comprising an outer column element and an inner column element, with the outer column element externally surrounding the inner column element and defining an external surface of the column when the column elements are telescoped into a contracted configuration; a tabletop providing a patient support surface; a movable framework mounted between the tabletop and the column for enabling at least a part of the tabletop to be rotatable about a trend axis extending in a transverse direction across the tabletop; and an actuator mechanism coupled between the movable framework and the column and arranged to raise and lower the movable framework and the trend axis relative to the column and to rotate the movable framework about the trend axis, wherein the actuator mechanism is fitted to an external surface of the outer column element and is adapted to move the movable framework between a lowermost position, at which the trend axis is below the upper end of the column and extends through an upper part of the outer column element which surrounds the inner column element when the column elements are telescoped into the contracted configuration, and an uppermost position, at which the trend axis is spaced at spacing height from an uppermost part of the column. 2. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein in the lowermost position the movable framework is entirely below the upper end of the column. 3. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein in the uppermost position the movable framework is above the upper end of the column. 4. A surgical table according to claim 3, wherein in the uppermost position the movable framework is entirely above the upper end of the column. 5. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the actuator mechanism is external of the column. 6. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the actuator mechanism comprises first and second actuators, the first actuator being connected to a first portion of the movable framework and the second actuator being connected to a second portion of the movable framework, the first and second portions being mutually spaced and located on opposite sides of the trend axis. 7. A surgical table according to claim 6, wherein the first and second portions are located on opposite sides of a central axis orthogonal to the trend axis and extending through the movable framework. 8. A surgical table according to claim 6, wherein the movable framework is substantially rectangular and the first and second portions are located at diagonally opposite corners of the movable framework. 9. A surgical table according to claim 6, wherein the first and second actuators are the only actuators coupled between the column and to the movable framework for causing movement of the movable framework relative to the column. 10. A surgical table according to claim 6, wherein a first end of each of the first and second actuators is pivotally coupled to the movable framework and a second end of each of the first and second actuators is pivotally coupled to an external surface of the column. 11. A surgical table according to claim 6, wherein the first and second actuators each comprise an electrical linear actuator. 12. A surgical table according to claim 6, wherein the first and second actuators each comprise an elongate element having an upper end connected by a pivot joint to the movable framework and a drive assembly coupled to a lower portion of the elongate element for extending, or retracting, the elongate element so as respectively to raise, or lower, the respective first and second portions of the movable framework. 13. A surgical table according to claim 12 wherein the elongate element comprises a leadscrew and the drive assembly is adapted to rotate the leadscrew to extend, or retract, the leadscrew so as respectively to raise, or lower, the respective first and second portions of the movable framework. 14. A surgical table according to claim 13 wherein the leadscrew extends entirely through the drive assembly so that a lower end of the leadscrew is below the drive assembly at least when the leadscrew is retracted. 15. A surgical table according to claim 12, wherein the elongate element is linear and is inclined at an acute angle from a plane including a longitudinal axis of the column and the trend axis so that the upper end is oriented further from the plane than the lower portion. 16. A surgical table according to claim 15, wherein the elongate elements of the first and second actuators are oriented in opposite directions from the plane. 17. A surgical table according to claim 15, wherein the second end of each of the first and second actuators is pivotally coupled to the column and the acute angle of inclination of each elongate element from the plane decreases as the extension of the elongate element increases. 18. A surgical table according to claim 7, wherein the first and second actuators are each inclined at a respective acute angle in opposite directions from a plane including a longitudinal axis of the column and the trend axis so that the upper first end of each of the first and second actuators is oriented further from the plane than the respective lower second end. 19. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the movable framework defines an internal opening which is larger than the upper end of the column and the actuator mechanism is capable of lowering the movable framework relative to the column to the lowermost position in which the movable framework is below the upper end of the column and surrounds the column. 20. A surgical table according to claim 19, wherein in the lowermost position the movable framework is entirely below the upper end of the column. 21. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the actuator mechanism is capable of raising the movable framework relative to the column to the uppermost position in which the movable framework is above the upper end of the column. 22. A surgical table according to claim 21, wherein in the uppermost position the movable framework is entirely above the upper end of the column. 23. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the actuator mechanism is external of the column. 24. A surgical table according to claim 1, further comprising: at least one linear guide mechanism extending along at least a portion of the length of the column, the linear guide mechanism comprising a first part coupled to the column and a second part pivotally coupled to the movable framework at the trend axis, the first and second parts being relatively movable along a linear axis of the linear guide mechanism to enable the movable framework to be translated along the linear axis by relative movement of the first and second parts. 25. A surgical table according to claim 24 wherein there are a pair of opposite linear guide mechanisms, each pivotally coupled to the movable framework at a respective spaced location along the trend axis, and mounted to opposite sides of the column, and the surgical table further comprising a brace mechanism coupled to the opposite linear guide mechanisms. 26. A surgical table according to claim 25, wherein the linear guide mechanisms and the brace mechanism are external of the column. 27. A surgical table according to claim 25, wherein the brace mechanism comprises a brace element having a central member and two opposite end members that are inclined to the central member and oriented in a common direction, and each end member is rigidly affixed to a respective linear guide mechanism. 28. (canceled) 29. A surgical table according to claim 27, wherein the two opposite end members are orthogonal to the central member. 30. A surgical table according to claim 25, further comprising at least one linear brace guide between the brace mechanism and the column. 31. A surgical table according to claim 24, wherein the first part is a fixed linear guide member, fixed to the column, and the second part is a movable linear guide member, coupled to the movable framework. 32. A surgical table according to claim 31, wherein the first part is an elongate channel and the second part is an elongate slider within the channel. 33. A surgical table according to claim 24, wherein the linear guide mechanisms are provided with a locking mechanism to lock the linear guide mechanism at a selected height, and thereby lock the trend axis at a selected height and/or a braking mechanism to brake the movement of the linear guide mechanisms. 34. (canceled) 35. (canceled) 36. A surgical table according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of linear motion guide units between the or each pair of adjacent column elements, the linear motion guide units extending in a telescoping direction and being mutually spaced. 37. A surgical table according to claim 36, wherein the plurality of linear motion guide units between the or each pair of adjacent column elements comprises a pair of linear motion guide units which are located on opposite sides of the trend axis and on opposite sides of a central axis orthogonal to the trend axis and extending through the movable framework. 38. (canceled) 39. A surgical table according to claim 36, wherein the plurality of column elements further comprises an intermediate column element between the outer column element and the inner column element, and wherein a first pair of linear motion guide units between the outer column element and the intermediate column element are located at first opposite corners of the rectangular cross-section and a second pair of linear motion guide units between the inner column element and the intermediate column element are located at second opposite corners of the rectangular cross-section. 40. A surgical table according to claim 36, wherein each linear motion guide unit comprises an elongate channel fixed to one column element of the pair of adjacent column elements and an elongate bar fixed to the other column element of the pair of adjacent column elements, the elongate bar being slidable in the elongate channel. 41. (canceled) 42. A surgical table according to claim 1, further comprising a column drive mechanism located within the inner column element of the plurality of column elements, wherein the column drive mechanism comprises a column actuator which has an upper end coupled to a drive surface affixed to an outer column element of the plurality of column elements. 43. (canceled) 44. (canceled) 45. (canceled) 46. (canceled) 47. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein when the column elements are telescoped into an extended configuration the actuator mechanism, the movable framework and the tabletop are raised relative to the base. 48. A surgical table according to claim 47, wherein the actuator mechanism is pivotally fitted to the external surface of the outer column element. 49.-105. (canceled)

A surgical table having a tabletop and a column for enabling at least a part of the tabletop to be rotatable about a trend axis extending in a transverse direction across the tabletop; and an actuator mechanism coupled between the movable framework and the column and arranged to raise and lower the movable framework and the trend axis relative to the column and to rotate the movable framework about the trend axis, wherein the actuator mechanism is fitted to an external surface of the outer column element and is adapted to move the movable framework between a lowermost position, at which the trend axis extends through an upper part of the outer column element which surrounds the inner column element when the column elements are telescoped into the contracted configuration, and an uppermost position, at which the trend axis is spaced at spacing height from an uppermost part of the column1. A surgical table comprising: a base for standing on a floor; a column of adjustable height mounted on and extending from the base, wherein the column comprises a plurality of column elements which form a telescoping assembly, the plurality of column elements comprising an outer column element and an inner column element, with the outer column element externally surrounding the inner column element and defining an external surface of the column when the column elements are telescoped into a contracted configuration; a tabletop providing a patient support surface; a movable framework mounted between the tabletop and the column for enabling at least a part of the tabletop to be rotatable about a trend axis extending in a transverse direction across the tabletop; and an actuator mechanism coupled between the movable framework and the column and arranged to raise and lower the movable framework and the trend axis relative to the column and to rotate the movable framework about the trend axis, wherein the actuator mechanism is fitted to an external surface of the outer column element and is adapted to move the movable framework between a lowermost position, at which the trend axis is below the upper end of the column and extends through an upper part of the outer column element which surrounds the inner column element when the column elements are telescoped into the contracted configuration, and an uppermost position, at which the trend axis is spaced at spacing height from an uppermost part of the column. 2. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein in the lowermost position the movable framework is entirely below the upper end of the column. 3. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein in the uppermost position the movable framework is above the upper end of the column. 4. A surgical table according to claim 3, wherein in the uppermost position the movable framework is entirely above the upper end of the column. 5. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the actuator mechanism is external of the column. 6. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the actuator mechanism comprises first and second actuators, the first actuator being connected to a first portion of the movable framework and the second actuator being connected to a second portion of the movable framework, the first and second portions being mutually spaced and located on opposite sides of the trend axis. 7. A surgical table according to claim 6, wherein the first and second portions are located on opposite sides of a central axis orthogonal to the trend axis and extending through the movable framework. 8. A surgical table according to claim 6, wherein the movable framework is substantially rectangular and the first and second portions are located at diagonally opposite corners of the movable framework. 9. A surgical table according to claim 6, wherein the first and second actuators are the only actuators coupled between the column and to the movable framework for causing movement of the movable framework relative to the column. 10. A surgical table according to claim 6, wherein a first end of each of the first and second actuators is pivotally coupled to the movable framework and a second end of each of the first and second actuators is pivotally coupled to an external surface of the column. 11. A surgical table according to claim 6, wherein the first and second actuators each comprise an electrical linear actuator. 12. A surgical table according to claim 6, wherein the first and second actuators each comprise an elongate element having an upper end connected by a pivot joint to the movable framework and a drive assembly coupled to a lower portion of the elongate element for extending, or retracting, the elongate element so as respectively to raise, or lower, the respective first and second portions of the movable framework. 13. A surgical table according to claim 12 wherein the elongate element comprises a leadscrew and the drive assembly is adapted to rotate the leadscrew to extend, or retract, the leadscrew so as respectively to raise, or lower, the respective first and second portions of the movable framework. 14. A surgical table according to claim 13 wherein the leadscrew extends entirely through the drive assembly so that a lower end of the leadscrew is below the drive assembly at least when the leadscrew is retracted. 15. A surgical table according to claim 12, wherein the elongate element is linear and is inclined at an acute angle from a plane including a longitudinal axis of the column and the trend axis so that the upper end is oriented further from the plane than the lower portion. 16. A surgical table according to claim 15, wherein the elongate elements of the first and second actuators are oriented in opposite directions from the plane. 17. A surgical table according to claim 15, wherein the second end of each of the first and second actuators is pivotally coupled to the column and the acute angle of inclination of each elongate element from the plane decreases as the extension of the elongate element increases. 18. A surgical table according to claim 7, wherein the first and second actuators are each inclined at a respective acute angle in opposite directions from a plane including a longitudinal axis of the column and the trend axis so that the upper first end of each of the first and second actuators is oriented further from the plane than the respective lower second end. 19. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the movable framework defines an internal opening which is larger than the upper end of the column and the actuator mechanism is capable of lowering the movable framework relative to the column to the lowermost position in which the movable framework is below the upper end of the column and surrounds the column. 20. A surgical table according to claim 19, wherein in the lowermost position the movable framework is entirely below the upper end of the column. 21. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the actuator mechanism is capable of raising the movable framework relative to the column to the uppermost position in which the movable framework is above the upper end of the column. 22. A surgical table according to claim 21, wherein in the uppermost position the movable framework is entirely above the upper end of the column. 23. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein the actuator mechanism is external of the column. 24. A surgical table according to claim 1, further comprising: at least one linear guide mechanism extending along at least a portion of the length of the column, the linear guide mechanism comprising a first part coupled to the column and a second part pivotally coupled to the movable framework at the trend axis, the first and second parts being relatively movable along a linear axis of the linear guide mechanism to enable the movable framework to be translated along the linear axis by relative movement of the first and second parts. 25. A surgical table according to claim 24 wherein there are a pair of opposite linear guide mechanisms, each pivotally coupled to the movable framework at a respective spaced location along the trend axis, and mounted to opposite sides of the column, and the surgical table further comprising a brace mechanism coupled to the opposite linear guide mechanisms. 26. A surgical table according to claim 25, wherein the linear guide mechanisms and the brace mechanism are external of the column. 27. A surgical table according to claim 25, wherein the brace mechanism comprises a brace element having a central member and two opposite end members that are inclined to the central member and oriented in a common direction, and each end member is rigidly affixed to a respective linear guide mechanism. 28. (canceled) 29. A surgical table according to claim 27, wherein the two opposite end members are orthogonal to the central member. 30. A surgical table according to claim 25, further comprising at least one linear brace guide between the brace mechanism and the column. 31. A surgical table according to claim 24, wherein the first part is a fixed linear guide member, fixed to the column, and the second part is a movable linear guide member, coupled to the movable framework. 32. A surgical table according to claim 31, wherein the first part is an elongate channel and the second part is an elongate slider within the channel. 33. A surgical table according to claim 24, wherein the linear guide mechanisms are provided with a locking mechanism to lock the linear guide mechanism at a selected height, and thereby lock the trend axis at a selected height and/or a braking mechanism to brake the movement of the linear guide mechanisms. 34. (canceled) 35. (canceled) 36. A surgical table according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of linear motion guide units between the or each pair of adjacent column elements, the linear motion guide units extending in a telescoping direction and being mutually spaced. 37. A surgical table according to claim 36, wherein the plurality of linear motion guide units between the or each pair of adjacent column elements comprises a pair of linear motion guide units which are located on opposite sides of the trend axis and on opposite sides of a central axis orthogonal to the trend axis and extending through the movable framework. 38. (canceled) 39. A surgical table according to claim 36, wherein the plurality of column elements further comprises an intermediate column element between the outer column element and the inner column element, and wherein a first pair of linear motion guide units between the outer column element and the intermediate column element are located at first opposite corners of the rectangular cross-section and a second pair of linear motion guide units between the inner column element and the intermediate column element are located at second opposite corners of the rectangular cross-section. 40. A surgical table according to claim 36, wherein each linear motion guide unit comprises an elongate channel fixed to one column element of the pair of adjacent column elements and an elongate bar fixed to the other column element of the pair of adjacent column elements, the elongate bar being slidable in the elongate channel. 41. (canceled) 42. A surgical table according to claim 1, further comprising a column drive mechanism located within the inner column element of the plurality of column elements, wherein the column drive mechanism comprises a column actuator which has an upper end coupled to a drive surface affixed to an outer column element of the plurality of column elements. 43. (canceled) 44. (canceled) 45. (canceled) 46. (canceled) 47. A surgical table according to claim 1, wherein when the column elements are telescoped into an extended configuration the actuator mechanism, the movable framework and the tabletop are raised relative to the base. 48. A surgical table according to claim 47, wherein the actuator mechanism is pivotally fitted to the external surface of the outer column element. 49.-105. (canceled)

A method can be employed to provide a remote online software update to a motor vehicle. The motor vehicle may have an ECU with an MCU having an internal memory, and with an external memory that is located outside the MCU and is configured to communicate with the MCU via a communication link. The method may involve starting to download a new software version, storing the new software version in the external memory, and once the new software version is fully downloaded deleting the software version running on the MCU and programming the new software version from the external memory.

1.-6. (canceled) 7. A method for providing a remote online software update to a motor vehicle, wherein the motor vehicle comprises an ECU with an MCU having an internal memory and with an external memory that is located outside the MCU and is configured to communicate with the MCU via a communication link, the method comprising: starting to download a new software version; storing the new software version in the external memory; and once the new software version is fully downloaded, deleting a software version running on the MCU and programming the new software version from the external memory to the internal memory. 8. The method of claim 7 comprising checking the new software version for consistency after downloading. 9. The method of claim 7 comprising: checking the new software version stored in the external memory; and if the new software version is newer than the software version running on the MCU, validating the new software version in the external memory. 10. The method of claim 7 wherein the external memory is a non-volatile-memory device. 11. A motor vehicle ECU comprising: an MCU that includes an internal memory; and an external memory that is located outside the MCU and is configured to communicate with the MCU via a communication link, wherein the communication link allows the MCU to store software during download onto the external memory. 12. The motor vehicle ECU of claim 11 wherein the external memory is a non-volatile memory device.

A method can be employed to provide a remote online software update to a motor vehicle. The motor vehicle may have an ECU with an MCU having an internal memory, and with an external memory that is located outside the MCU and is configured to communicate with the MCU via a communication link. The method may involve starting to download a new software version, storing the new software version in the external memory, and once the new software version is fully downloaded deleting the software version running on the MCU and programming the new software version from the external memory.1.-6. (canceled) 7. A method for providing a remote online software update to a motor vehicle, wherein the motor vehicle comprises an ECU with an MCU having an internal memory and with an external memory that is located outside the MCU and is configured to communicate with the MCU via a communication link, the method comprising: starting to download a new software version; storing the new software version in the external memory; and once the new software version is fully downloaded, deleting a software version running on the MCU and programming the new software version from the external memory to the internal memory. 8. The method of claim 7 comprising checking the new software version for consistency after downloading. 9. The method of claim 7 comprising: checking the new software version stored in the external memory; and if the new software version is newer than the software version running on the MCU, validating the new software version in the external memory. 10. The method of claim 7 wherein the external memory is a non-volatile-memory device. 11. A motor vehicle ECU comprising: an MCU that includes an internal memory; and an external memory that is located outside the MCU and is configured to communicate with the MCU via a communication link, wherein the communication link allows the MCU to store software during download onto the external memory. 12. The motor vehicle ECU of claim 11 wherein the external memory is a non-volatile memory device.

Light from a laser light source is projected on the ocular fundus of a subject eye via a scanning optical system and an objective lens optical system, and reflected light from the ocular fundus follows the opposite path and is incident on a light shielding member at which harmful reflected light from an objective lens plane is shielded. The reflected light from the ocular fundus having passed through the light shielding member is received by a light receiving element via a light receiving pinhole disposed in the vicinity of the ocular fundus conjugate position. The objective lens optical system is composed of a first lens group and a second lens group, and within a normal diopter adjustment range, an ocular fundus conjugate plane is moved in a space between the first and second lens groups so as not overlap the objective lens plane.

1. A scanning type ocular fundus imaging device comprising: a light projecting optical system that projects light from a light source on an ocular fundus of a subject eye via an objective lens optical system, the light being scanned as scanned illumination light using a scanning optical system; a light receiving optical system that receives reflected light from the ocular fundus via the objective lens optical system and the scanning optical system; a diopter adjusting mechanism that moves an ocular fundus conjugate plane formed by the objective lens optical system in an optical axis direction; a light receiving pinhole disposed in a vicinity of an ocular fundus conjugate position in the light receiving optical system; and a light shielding member disposed in the light receiving optical system to shield harmful reflected light from a lens plane of the objective lens optical system, wherein the objective lens optical system is composed of a first lens group and a second lens group disposed at a distance from the first lens group in the optical axis direction, and the ocular fundus conjugate plane is located between the first and second lens groups of the objective lens optical system within a diopter adjustment range by the diopter adjusting mechanism. 2. The scanning type ocular fundus imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the light shielding member is disposed in a vicinity of a position conjugate with an anterior ocular part of the subject eye. 3. The scanning type ocular fundus imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the diopter adjusting mechanism is one of respective diopter adjusting mechanisms provided for the light projecting optical system and the light receiving optical system, and the diopter adjusting mechanisms operate in association with each other. 4. The scanning type ocular fundus imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the diopter adjustment range is a range from −10 diopter to +10 diopter. 5. The scanning type ocular fundus imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the light shielding member is disposed closer to a light receiving element than the light receiving pinhole. 6. The scanning type ocular fundus imaging device according to claim 5, wherein the light shielding member is moved toward the light receiving pinhole side in accordance with diopter adjustment. 7. The scanning type ocular fundus imaging device according to claim 6, wherein the diopter adjustment is adjustment from 0 diopter to minus diopter side. 8. The scanning type ocular fundus imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the light receiving optical system and the objective lens optical system are configured such that a light beam of scanned back-projection light is separated on the lens plane of the objective lens optical system from a light beam of the scanned illumination light, wherein the scanned back-projection light is scanned by the scanning optical system after exiting the light receiving pinhole and passing through a circumference of the light shielding member or after exiting a light receiving element and passing through a circumference of the light shielding member and the light receiving pinhole, wherein same scanning as that for the scanned back-projection light is performed for the scanned illumination light. 9. The scanning type ocular fundus imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the light receiving optical system and the objective lens optical system are configured such that a light beam of scanned back-projection light is separated on the ocular fundus conjugate plane from a light beam of reflected light of the scanned illumination light from the lens plane of the objective lens optical system, wherein the scanned back-projection light is scanned by the scanning optical system after exiting the light receiving pinhole and passing through a circumference of the light shielding member or after exiting a light receiving element and passing through a circumference of the light shielding member and the light receiving pinhole, wherein same scanning as that for the scanned back-projection light is performed for the scanned illumination light. 10. A scanning type ocular fundus imaging device comprising: a light projecting optical system that projects light from a light source on an ocular fundus of a subject eye via an objective lens optical system, the light being scanned as scanned illumination light using a scanning optical system; a light receiving optical system that receives reflected light from the ocular fundus via the objective lens optical system and the scanning optical system; a light receiving pinhole disposed in a vicinity of an ocular fundus conjugate position in the light receiving optical system; and a light shielding member disposed in the light receiving optical system to shield harmful reflected light from a lens plane of the objective lens optical system, wherein the light receiving optical system and the objective lens optical system are configured such that a light beam of scanned back-projection light is separated on the lens plane of the objective lens optical system from a light beam of the scanned illumination light, wherein the scanned back-projection light is scanned by the scanning optical system after exiting the light receiving pinhole and passing through a circumference of the light shielding member or after exiting a light receiving element and passing through a circumference of the light shielding member and the light receiving pinhole, wherein same scanning as that for the scanned back-projection light is performed for the scanned illumination light. 11. A scanning type ocular fundus imaging device comprising: a light projecting optical system that projects light from a light source on an ocular fundus of a subject eye via an objective lens optical system, the light being scanned as scanned illumination light using a scanning optical system; a light receiving optical system that receives reflected light from the ocular fundus via the objective lens optical system and the scanning optical system; a light receiving pinhole disposed in a vicinity of an ocular fundus conjugate position in the light receiving optical system; and a light shielding member disposed in the light receiving optical system to shield harmful reflected light from a lens plane of the objective lens optical system, wherein the light receiving optical system and the objective lens optical system are configured such that a light beam of scanned back-projection light is separated on the ocular fundus conjugate plane from a light beam of reflected light of the scanned illumination light from the lens plane of the objective lens optical system, wherein the scanned back-projection light is scanned by the scanning optical system after exiting the light receiving pinhole and passing through a circumference of the light shielding member or after exiting a light receiving element and passing through a circumference of the light shielding member and the light receiving pinhole, wherein same scanning as that for the scanned back-projection light is performed for the scanned illumination light.

Light from a laser light source is projected on the ocular fundus of a subject eye via a scanning optical system and an objective lens optical system, and reflected light from the ocular fundus follows the opposite path and is incident on a light shielding member at which harmful reflected light from an objective lens plane is shielded. The reflected light from the ocular fundus having passed through the light shielding member is received by a light receiving element via a light receiving pinhole disposed in the vicinity of the ocular fundus conjugate position. The objective lens optical system is composed of a first lens group and a second lens group, and within a normal diopter adjustment range, an ocular fundus conjugate plane is moved in a space between the first and second lens groups so as not overlap the objective lens plane.1. A scanning type ocular fundus imaging device comprising: a light projecting optical system that projects light from a light source on an ocular fundus of a subject eye via an objective lens optical system, the light being scanned as scanned illumination light using a scanning optical system; a light receiving optical system that receives reflected light from the ocular fundus via the objective lens optical system and the scanning optical system; a diopter adjusting mechanism that moves an ocular fundus conjugate plane formed by the objective lens optical system in an optical axis direction; a light receiving pinhole disposed in a vicinity of an ocular fundus conjugate position in the light receiving optical system; and a light shielding member disposed in the light receiving optical system to shield harmful reflected light from a lens plane of the objective lens optical system, wherein the objective lens optical system is composed of a first lens group and a second lens group disposed at a distance from the first lens group in the optical axis direction, and the ocular fundus conjugate plane is located between the first and second lens groups of the objective lens optical system within a diopter adjustment range by the diopter adjusting mechanism. 2. The scanning type ocular fundus imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the light shielding member is disposed in a vicinity of a position conjugate with an anterior ocular part of the subject eye. 3. The scanning type ocular fundus imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the diopter adjusting mechanism is one of respective diopter adjusting mechanisms provided for the light projecting optical system and the light receiving optical system, and the diopter adjusting mechanisms operate in association with each other. 4. The scanning type ocular fundus imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the diopter adjustment range is a range from −10 diopter to +10 diopter. 5. The scanning type ocular fundus imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the light shielding member is disposed closer to a light receiving element than the light receiving pinhole. 6. The scanning type ocular fundus imaging device according to claim 5, wherein the light shielding member is moved toward the light receiving pinhole side in accordance with diopter adjustment. 7. The scanning type ocular fundus imaging device according to claim 6, wherein the diopter adjustment is adjustment from 0 diopter to minus diopter side. 8. The scanning type ocular fundus imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the light receiving optical system and the objective lens optical system are configured such that a light beam of scanned back-projection light is separated on the lens plane of the objective lens optical system from a light beam of the scanned illumination light, wherein the scanned back-projection light is scanned by the scanning optical system after exiting the light receiving pinhole and passing through a circumference of the light shielding member or after exiting a light receiving element and passing through a circumference of the light shielding member and the light receiving pinhole, wherein same scanning as that for the scanned back-projection light is performed for the scanned illumination light. 9. The scanning type ocular fundus imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the light receiving optical system and the objective lens optical system are configured such that a light beam of scanned back-projection light is separated on the ocular fundus conjugate plane from a light beam of reflected light of the scanned illumination light from the lens plane of the objective lens optical system, wherein the scanned back-projection light is scanned by the scanning optical system after exiting the light receiving pinhole and passing through a circumference of the light shielding member or after exiting a light receiving element and passing through a circumference of the light shielding member and the light receiving pinhole, wherein same scanning as that for the scanned back-projection light is performed for the scanned illumination light. 10. A scanning type ocular fundus imaging device comprising: a light projecting optical system that projects light from a light source on an ocular fundus of a subject eye via an objective lens optical system, the light being scanned as scanned illumination light using a scanning optical system; a light receiving optical system that receives reflected light from the ocular fundus via the objective lens optical system and the scanning optical system; a light receiving pinhole disposed in a vicinity of an ocular fundus conjugate position in the light receiving optical system; and a light shielding member disposed in the light receiving optical system to shield harmful reflected light from a lens plane of the objective lens optical system, wherein the light receiving optical system and the objective lens optical system are configured such that a light beam of scanned back-projection light is separated on the lens plane of the objective lens optical system from a light beam of the scanned illumination light, wherein the scanned back-projection light is scanned by the scanning optical system after exiting the light receiving pinhole and passing through a circumference of the light shielding member or after exiting a light receiving element and passing through a circumference of the light shielding member and the light receiving pinhole, wherein same scanning as that for the scanned back-projection light is performed for the scanned illumination light. 11. A scanning type ocular fundus imaging device comprising: a light projecting optical system that projects light from a light source on an ocular fundus of a subject eye via an objective lens optical system, the light being scanned as scanned illumination light using a scanning optical system; a light receiving optical system that receives reflected light from the ocular fundus via the objective lens optical system and the scanning optical system; a light receiving pinhole disposed in a vicinity of an ocular fundus conjugate position in the light receiving optical system; and a light shielding member disposed in the light receiving optical system to shield harmful reflected light from a lens plane of the objective lens optical system, wherein the light receiving optical system and the objective lens optical system are configured such that a light beam of scanned back-projection light is separated on the ocular fundus conjugate plane from a light beam of reflected light of the scanned illumination light from the lens plane of the objective lens optical system, wherein the scanned back-projection light is scanned by the scanning optical system after exiting the light receiving pinhole and passing through a circumference of the light shielding member or after exiting a light receiving element and passing through a circumference of the light shielding member and the light receiving pinhole, wherein same scanning as that for the scanned back-projection light is performed for the scanned illumination light.

To improve the usability so that the result of adjustment of a plurality of axes operating in cooperation is easily evaluated. An adjustment apparatus displays a graph indicating a temporal change of measurement data for each control axis and a control instruction on the same time base in a first area in a screen, and displays a control trajectory of a control position of each control axis, the control instruction, and a target trajectory of a target position in the screen.

1. A servomotor adjustment device, comprising: first display means for displaying an adjustment screen for a servo parameter that is set for a motor driver that controls drive of a corresponding one of a plurality of control axes that make a control target operate in response to a control instruction; means for setting a condition for the servo parameter adjusted on the adjustment screen in the motor driver for each control axis; means for obtaining, along with the control instruction, measurement data on a speed control result or position control result for each of the control axes associated with each other under the condition for the servo parameter set in the motor driver for each control axis; and second display means for displaying a graph indicating a temporal change of the measurement data for each control axis and the control instruction on a same time base in a first area in the adjustment screen, and displaying, in a second area in the adjustment screen, a control trajectory that indicates a transition of a control position of a control axis by association of the measurement data on the control axes measured at a same time and a target trajectory that indicates a transition of a target position of the control axis by association of the control instructions for the control axes obtained at a same time. 2. The servomotor adjustment device according to claim 1, wherein the second display means displays the first area and the second area at the same time by superimposing the second area on a part of the first area where the second area does not interfere with visibility of at least the graph indicating a temporal change of the measurement data for each control axis and the control instruction on the same time base in the first area. 3. The servomotor adjustment device according to claim 1, wherein the second display means calculates an error of the control trajectory with respect to the target trajectory and displays at least a part of the control trajectory displayed in the second area where the calculated error is relatively great in a discriminable manner. 4. The servomotor adjustment device according to claim 3, wherein the second display means displays a range on the time base of the measurement data for each control axis displayed in the first area in which the calculated error is relatively great in a discriminable manner. 5. The servomotor adjustment device according to claim 1, wherein the second display means displays a first manipulation element that specifies a transition period of the control trajectory and the target trajectory displayed in the second area by superimposing the first manipulation element on the time base displayed in the first area. 6. The servomotor adjustment device according to claim 1, wherein the second display means displays reference axes perpendicular to each other in the second area, and displays a second manipulation element for choosing whether to switch axis directions of the reference axes perpendicular to each other. 7. The servomotor adjustment device according to claim 1, wherein the second display means displays measurement data or a data value of the control instruction that corresponds to a position of a pointer displayed to be superimposed on the graph displayed in the first area. 8. The servomotor adjustment device according to claim 1, wherein the second display means displays a position data value that corresponds to a position of a pointer displayed superimposed on the control trajectory or target trajectory displayed in the second area. 9. The servomotor adjustment device according to claim 1, wherein the second display means displays one or more scale axes in the second area, and a unit scale on the scale axis increases or decreases in a predetermined range in response to the second area being expanded or shrunk. 10. The servomotor adjustment device according to claim 1, wherein the second display means displays an amount of a relative error between a first position specified on the control trajectory and a second position specified on the target trajectory displayed in the second area. 11. A servomotor adjustment method, wherein a servomotor adjustment device performs: a first display step of displaying an adjustment screen for a servo parameter that is set for a motor driver that controls drive of a corresponding one of a plurality of control axes that make a control target operate in response to a control instruction; a step of setting a condition for the servo parameter adjusted on the adjustment screen in the motor driver for each control axis; a step of obtaining, along with the control instruction, measurement data on a speed control result or position control result for each of the control axes associated with each other under the condition for the servo parameter set in the motor driver for each control axis; and a second display step of displaying a graph indicating a temporal change of the measurement data for each control axis and the control instruction on a same time base in a first area in the adjustment screen, and displaying, in a second area in the adjustment screen, a control trajectory that indicates a transition of a control position of a control axis by association of the measurement data on the control axes measured at a same time and a target trajectory that indicates a transition of a target position of the control axis by association of the control instructions for the control axes measured at a same time.

To improve the usability so that the result of adjustment of a plurality of axes operating in cooperation is easily evaluated. An adjustment apparatus displays a graph indicating a temporal change of measurement data for each control axis and a control instruction on the same time base in a first area in a screen, and displays a control trajectory of a control position of each control axis, the control instruction, and a target trajectory of a target position in the screen.1. A servomotor adjustment device, comprising: first display means for displaying an adjustment screen for a servo parameter that is set for a motor driver that controls drive of a corresponding one of a plurality of control axes that make a control target operate in response to a control instruction; means for setting a condition for the servo parameter adjusted on the adjustment screen in the motor driver for each control axis; means for obtaining, along with the control instruction, measurement data on a speed control result or position control result for each of the control axes associated with each other under the condition for the servo parameter set in the motor driver for each control axis; and second display means for displaying a graph indicating a temporal change of the measurement data for each control axis and the control instruction on a same time base in a first area in the adjustment screen, and displaying, in a second area in the adjustment screen, a control trajectory that indicates a transition of a control position of a control axis by association of the measurement data on the control axes measured at a same time and a target trajectory that indicates a transition of a target position of the control axis by association of the control instructions for the control axes obtained at a same time. 2. The servomotor adjustment device according to claim 1, wherein the second display means displays the first area and the second area at the same time by superimposing the second area on a part of the first area where the second area does not interfere with visibility of at least the graph indicating a temporal change of the measurement data for each control axis and the control instruction on the same time base in the first area. 3. The servomotor adjustment device according to claim 1, wherein the second display means calculates an error of the control trajectory with respect to the target trajectory and displays at least a part of the control trajectory displayed in the second area where the calculated error is relatively great in a discriminable manner. 4. The servomotor adjustment device according to claim 3, wherein the second display means displays a range on the time base of the measurement data for each control axis displayed in the first area in which the calculated error is relatively great in a discriminable manner. 5. The servomotor adjustment device according to claim 1, wherein the second display means displays a first manipulation element that specifies a transition period of the control trajectory and the target trajectory displayed in the second area by superimposing the first manipulation element on the time base displayed in the first area. 6. The servomotor adjustment device according to claim 1, wherein the second display means displays reference axes perpendicular to each other in the second area, and displays a second manipulation element for choosing whether to switch axis directions of the reference axes perpendicular to each other. 7. The servomotor adjustment device according to claim 1, wherein the second display means displays measurement data or a data value of the control instruction that corresponds to a position of a pointer displayed to be superimposed on the graph displayed in the first area. 8. The servomotor adjustment device according to claim 1, wherein the second display means displays a position data value that corresponds to a position of a pointer displayed superimposed on the control trajectory or target trajectory displayed in the second area. 9. The servomotor adjustment device according to claim 1, wherein the second display means displays one or more scale axes in the second area, and a unit scale on the scale axis increases or decreases in a predetermined range in response to the second area being expanded or shrunk. 10. The servomotor adjustment device according to claim 1, wherein the second display means displays an amount of a relative error between a first position specified on the control trajectory and a second position specified on the target trajectory displayed in the second area. 11. A servomotor adjustment method, wherein a servomotor adjustment device performs: a first display step of displaying an adjustment screen for a servo parameter that is set for a motor driver that controls drive of a corresponding one of a plurality of control axes that make a control target operate in response to a control instruction; a step of setting a condition for the servo parameter adjusted on the adjustment screen in the motor driver for each control axis; a step of obtaining, along with the control instruction, measurement data on a speed control result or position control result for each of the control axes associated with each other under the condition for the servo parameter set in the motor driver for each control axis; and a second display step of displaying a graph indicating a temporal change of the measurement data for each control axis and the control instruction on a same time base in a first area in the adjustment screen, and displaying, in a second area in the adjustment screen, a control trajectory that indicates a transition of a control position of a control axis by association of the measurement data on the control axes measured at a same time and a target trajectory that indicates a transition of a target position of the control axis by association of the control instructions for the control axes measured at a same time.

The invention relates to a non-invasive system for determining the maturation of a baby, which comprises a module for sampling a cardiac or electroencephalographic signal from a baby and advantageously performs a conversion of a plurality of temporal samples derived from the cardiac signal or from the electroencephalic signal into a visibility graph, then a determination of at least one index on the basis of this visibility graph, a comparison of at least one determined index with one or more statistical indices representative of the maturation of a plurality of babies and a visual representation of a distance between at least one determined index and the statistical indices.

1. A system for determining the maturation of a baby, comprising a module for sampling a cardiac and/or electroencephalographic signal of said baby delivering a plurality of time samples, said plurality of samples defining time intervals that separate two successive heartbeats in the case of a cardiac signal, said system being characterized in that it furthermore comprises: a module for converting said plurality of time samples into data representative of a visibility graph, a module for determining at least one index from said data representative of said visibility graph, an analyzing module suitable for comparing said at least one determined index with one or more statistical indices representative of the maturation of a plurality of babies, a module for visually representing a quantity representative of the distance between said at least one determined index and said plurality of statistical indices. 2. System for determining the maturation of a baby as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said at least one determined index is an assortativity or transitivity index (ASSOR, TRANS).

The invention relates to a non-invasive system for determining the maturation of a baby, which comprises a module for sampling a cardiac or electroencephalographic signal from a baby and advantageously performs a conversion of a plurality of temporal samples derived from the cardiac signal or from the electroencephalic signal into a visibility graph, then a determination of at least one index on the basis of this visibility graph, a comparison of at least one determined index with one or more statistical indices representative of the maturation of a plurality of babies and a visual representation of a distance between at least one determined index and the statistical indices.1. A system for determining the maturation of a baby, comprising a module for sampling a cardiac and/or electroencephalographic signal of said baby delivering a plurality of time samples, said plurality of samples defining time intervals that separate two successive heartbeats in the case of a cardiac signal, said system being characterized in that it furthermore comprises: a module for converting said plurality of time samples into data representative of a visibility graph, a module for determining at least one index from said data representative of said visibility graph, an analyzing module suitable for comparing said at least one determined index with one or more statistical indices representative of the maturation of a plurality of babies, a module for visually representing a quantity representative of the distance between said at least one determined index and said plurality of statistical indices. 2. System for determining the maturation of a baby as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said at least one determined index is an assortativity or transitivity index (ASSOR, TRANS).

There is provided a nitride crystal substrate comprising group-III nitride crystal and containing n-type impurities, wherein an absorption coefficient α is approximately expressed by equation (1) in a wavelength range of at least 1 μm or more and 3.3 μm or less: α=n Kλa (1) (wherein, λ(μm) is a wavelength, α(cm−1) is absorption coefficient of the nitride crystal substrate at 27° C., n (cm−3) is a free electron concentration in the nitride crystal substrate, and K and a are constants, satisfying 1.5×10−19≤K≤6.0×10−19, a=3).

1. A nitride crystal substrate comprising group-III nitride crystal and containing n-type impurities, wherein an absorption coefficient α is approximately expressed by equation (1) in a wavelength range of at least 1 μm or more and 3.3 μm or less: α=n Kλ a  (1) (wherein, λ(μm) is a wavelength, α(cm−1) is absorption coefficient of the nitride crystal substrate at 27° C., n (cm−3) is a free electron concentration in the nitride crystal substrate, and K and a are constants, satisfying 1.5×10−19≤K≤6.0×10−19, a=3). 2. The nitride crystal substrate according to claim 1, wherein the absorption coefficient α is approximately expressed by equation (1)″ in a wavelength range of at least 1 μm or more and 3.3 μm or less: α=2.2×10−19 nλ 3  (1)″. 3. The nitride crystal substrate according to claim 1, wherein the absorption coefficient α and Δα satisfy equations (2) and (3) in a wavelength range of at least 1 μm or more and 3.3 μm or less: α≥0.15λ3  (2) Δα≤1.0  (3) wherein, Δα is a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the absorption coefficient α in a main surface of the nitride crystal substrate. 4. A nitride crystal substrate comprising group-III nitride crystal and containing n-type impurities, wherein an absorption coefficient of the nitride crystal substrate at a wavelength of 2 μm is 1.2 cm−1 or more, and a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the absorption coefficient at a wavelength of 2 μm in a main surface of the nitride crystal substrate is within 1.0 cm−1. 5. The nitride crystal substrate according to claim 1, wherein a concentration of intrinsic carriers thermally excited between bands of the nitride crystal substrate under a temperature condition of 27° C. or more and 1250° C. or less, is lower than a concentration of free electrons generated in the nitride crystal substrate by doping with the n-type impurities under a temperature condition of 27° C. 6. The nitride crystal substrate according to claim 1, wherein a concentration of free electrons generated in the nitride crystal substrate by doping with the n-type impurities, is 1×1018 cm−3 or more under a temperature condition of 27° C., and a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the free electron concentration in a main surface of the nitride crystal substrate is within 8.3×1017 cm−3. 7. The nitride crystal substrate according to claim 1, wherein a concentration of the n-type impurities in the nitride crystal substrate is 1×1018 at ·cm−3 or more, and a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the concentration of the n-type impurities in a main surface of the nitride crystal substrate is within 8.3×1017 at ·cm−3. 8. The nitride crystal substrate according to claim 1, wherein a concentration of oxygen in the nitride crystal substrate is 1/10 or less relative to a total concentration of silicon and germanium in the nitride crystal substrate. 9. A semiconductor laminate, comprising: a nitride crystal substrate comprising group-III nitride crystal and containing n-type impurities; and a semiconductor layer comprising group-III nitride semiconductor and provided on the nitride crystal substrate, wherein an absorption coefficient α is approximately expressed by equation (1) in a wavelength range of at least 1 μm or more and 3.3 μm or less: α=n Kλ a  (1) (wherein, λ(μm) is a wavelength, α(cm−1) is absorption coefficient of the nitride crystal substrate at 27° C., n (cm−3) is a free electron concentration in the nitride crystal substrate, and K and a are constants, satisfying 1.5×10−19≤K≤6.0×10−19, a=3). 10. A semiconductor laminate, comprising: a nitride crystal substrate comprising group-III nitride crystal and containing n-type impurities; and a semiconductor layer comprising group-III nitride semiconductor and provided on the nitride crystal substrate, wherein an absorption coefficient of the nitride crystal substrate at a wavelength of 2 μm is 1.2 cm−1 or more, and a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the absorption coefficient at a wavelength of 2 μm in a main surface of the nitride crystal substrate is within 1.0 cm−1. 11. The semiconductor laminate according to claim 9, wherein a reflectance of a surface of the semiconductor layer is 5% or more and 30% or less in a wavelength range of at least 1 μm or more and 3.3 μm or less. 12. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor laminate, comprising: preparing a nitride crystal substrate comprising group-III nitride crystal and containing n-type impurities; and irradiating the nitride crystal substrate with at least infrared rays, to heat the nitride crystal substrate, wherein, in the preparation of the nitride crystal substrate, a substrate with an absorption coefficient α being approximately expressed by equation (1) in a wavelength range of at least 1 μm or more and 3.3 μm or less, is prepared as the nitride crystal substrate: α=n Kλ a  (1) (wherein, λ(μm) is a wavelength, α(cm−1) is absorption coefficient of the nitride crystal substrate at 27° C., n (cm−3) is a free electron concentration in the nitride crystal substrate, and K and a are constants, satisfying 1.5×10−19≤K≤6.0×10−19, a=3). 13. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor laminate, comprising: preparing a nitride crystal substrate comprising group-III nitride crystal and containing n-type impurities; and irradiating the nitride crystal substrate with at least infrared rays, to heat the nitride crystal substrate, wherein, in the preparation of the nitride crystal substrate, a substrate in which an absorption coefficient at a wavelength of 2 μm is 1.2 cm−1 or more and a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the absorption coefficient at a wavelength of 2 μm in a main surface is within 1.0 cm−1, is prepared as the nitride crystal substrate. 14. The method for manufacturing the semiconductor laminate according to claim 12, wherein the heating of the nitride crystal substrate comprises: epitaxially growing a semiconductor layer including group-III nitride semiconductor on the nitride crystal substrate. 15. The method for manufacturing the semiconductor laminate according to claim 14, comprising: epitaxially growing a p-type semiconductor layer containing p-type impurities as a layer constituting the semiconductor layer, on the nitride crystal substrate, wherein the heating of the nitride crystal substrate comprises: heating the nitride crystal substrate, to activate the p-type impurities in the p-type semiconductor layer. 16. The method for manufacturing the semiconductor laminate according to claim 14, comprising: ion-implanting predetermined impurities into the semiconductor layer, wherein the heating of the nitride crystal substrate comprises: heating the nitride crystal substrate, to activate the impurities in the semiconductor layer. 17. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor laminate, comprising: preparing a nitride crystal substrate comprising group-III nitride crystal and containing n-type impurities; and irradiating the nitride crystal substrate with at least infrared rays, to heat the nitride crystal substrate, wherein the preparation of the nitride crystal substrate comprises: measuring an absorption coefficient of the nitride crystal substrate in an infrared region at 27° C.; and determining whether the absorption coefficient α is approximately expressed by equation (1) in a wavelength range of at least 1 μm or more and 3.3 μm or less, based on the measured absorption coefficient of the nitride crystal substrate: α=n Kλ a  (1) (wherein, λ(μm) is a wavelength, α(cm−1) is absorption coefficient of the nitride crystal substrate at 27° C., n (cm−3) is a free electron concentration in the nitride crystal substrate, and K and a are constants, satisfying 1.5×10−19≤K≤6.0×10−19, a=3). 18. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor laminate, comprising: preparing a nitride crystal substrate comprising group-III nitride crystal and containing n-type impurities; and irradiating the nitride crystal substrate with at least infrared rays, to heat the nitride crystal substrate, wherein the preparation of the nitride crystal substrate comprises: measuring absorption coefficients in an infrared region at least at two or more points in a main surface of the nitride crystal substrate; and determining whether the absorption coefficient of the nitride crystal substrate at a wavelength of 2 μm is 1.2 cm−1 or more and whether a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the absorption coefficient at a wavelength of 2 μm in the main surface of the nitride crystal substrate is within 1.0 cm−1, based on the measured absorption coefficient of the nitride crystal substrate. 19. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, comprising: preparing a nitride crystal substrate comprising group-III nitride crystal and containing n-type impurities; and irradiating the nitride crystal substrate with at least infrared rays, to heat the nitride crystal substrate, wherein, in the preparation of the nitride crystal substrate, a substrate with an absorption coefficient α being approximately expressed by equation (1) in a wavelength range of at least 1 μm or more and 3.3 μm or less, is prepared as the nitride crystal substrate: α=n Kλ a  (1) (wherein, λ(μm) is a wavelength, α(cm−1) is absorption coefficient of the nitride crystal substrate at 27° C., n (cm−3) is a free electron concentration in the nitride crystal substrate, and K and a are constants, satisfying 1.5×10−19≤K≤6.0×10−19, a=3). 20. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, comprising: preparing a nitride crystal substrate comprising group-III nitride crystal and containing n-type impurities; and irradiating the nitride crystal substrate with at least infrared rays, to heat the nitride crystal substrate, wherein, in the preparation of the nitride crystal substrate, a substrate in which an absorption coefficient at a wavelength of 2 μm is 1.2 cm−1 or more and a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the absorption coefficient at a wavelength of 2 μm in a main surface is within 1.0 cm−1, is prepared as the nitride crystal substrate.

There is provided a nitride crystal substrate comprising group-III nitride crystal and containing n-type impurities, wherein an absorption coefficient α is approximately expressed by equation (1) in a wavelength range of at least 1 μm or more and 3.3 μm or less: α=n Kλa (1) (wherein, λ(μm) is a wavelength, α(cm−1) is absorption coefficient of the nitride crystal substrate at 27° C., n (cm−3) is a free electron concentration in the nitride crystal substrate, and K and a are constants, satisfying 1.5×10−19≤K≤6.0×10−19, a=3).1. A nitride crystal substrate comprising group-III nitride crystal and containing n-type impurities, wherein an absorption coefficient α is approximately expressed by equation (1) in a wavelength range of at least 1 μm or more and 3.3 μm or less: α=n Kλ a  (1) (wherein, λ(μm) is a wavelength, α(cm−1) is absorption coefficient of the nitride crystal substrate at 27° C., n (cm−3) is a free electron concentration in the nitride crystal substrate, and K and a are constants, satisfying 1.5×10−19≤K≤6.0×10−19, a=3). 2. The nitride crystal substrate according to claim 1, wherein the absorption coefficient α is approximately expressed by equation (1)″ in a wavelength range of at least 1 μm or more and 3.3 μm or less: α=2.2×10−19 nλ 3  (1)″. 3. The nitride crystal substrate according to claim 1, wherein the absorption coefficient α and Δα satisfy equations (2) and (3) in a wavelength range of at least 1 μm or more and 3.3 μm or less: α≥0.15λ3  (2) Δα≤1.0  (3) wherein, Δα is a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the absorption coefficient α in a main surface of the nitride crystal substrate. 4. A nitride crystal substrate comprising group-III nitride crystal and containing n-type impurities, wherein an absorption coefficient of the nitride crystal substrate at a wavelength of 2 μm is 1.2 cm−1 or more, and a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the absorption coefficient at a wavelength of 2 μm in a main surface of the nitride crystal substrate is within 1.0 cm−1. 5. The nitride crystal substrate according to claim 1, wherein a concentration of intrinsic carriers thermally excited between bands of the nitride crystal substrate under a temperature condition of 27° C. or more and 1250° C. or less, is lower than a concentration of free electrons generated in the nitride crystal substrate by doping with the n-type impurities under a temperature condition of 27° C. 6. The nitride crystal substrate according to claim 1, wherein a concentration of free electrons generated in the nitride crystal substrate by doping with the n-type impurities, is 1×1018 cm−3 or more under a temperature condition of 27° C., and a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the free electron concentration in a main surface of the nitride crystal substrate is within 8.3×1017 cm−3. 7. The nitride crystal substrate according to claim 1, wherein a concentration of the n-type impurities in the nitride crystal substrate is 1×1018 at ·cm−3 or more, and a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the concentration of the n-type impurities in a main surface of the nitride crystal substrate is within 8.3×1017 at ·cm−3. 8. The nitride crystal substrate according to claim 1, wherein a concentration of oxygen in the nitride crystal substrate is 1/10 or less relative to a total concentration of silicon and germanium in the nitride crystal substrate. 9. A semiconductor laminate, comprising: a nitride crystal substrate comprising group-III nitride crystal and containing n-type impurities; and a semiconductor layer comprising group-III nitride semiconductor and provided on the nitride crystal substrate, wherein an absorption coefficient α is approximately expressed by equation (1) in a wavelength range of at least 1 μm or more and 3.3 μm or less: α=n Kλ a  (1) (wherein, λ(μm) is a wavelength, α(cm−1) is absorption coefficient of the nitride crystal substrate at 27° C., n (cm−3) is a free electron concentration in the nitride crystal substrate, and K and a are constants, satisfying 1.5×10−19≤K≤6.0×10−19, a=3). 10. A semiconductor laminate, comprising: a nitride crystal substrate comprising group-III nitride crystal and containing n-type impurities; and a semiconductor layer comprising group-III nitride semiconductor and provided on the nitride crystal substrate, wherein an absorption coefficient of the nitride crystal substrate at a wavelength of 2 μm is 1.2 cm−1 or more, and a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the absorption coefficient at a wavelength of 2 μm in a main surface of the nitride crystal substrate is within 1.0 cm−1. 11. The semiconductor laminate according to claim 9, wherein a reflectance of a surface of the semiconductor layer is 5% or more and 30% or less in a wavelength range of at least 1 μm or more and 3.3 μm or less. 12. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor laminate, comprising: preparing a nitride crystal substrate comprising group-III nitride crystal and containing n-type impurities; and irradiating the nitride crystal substrate with at least infrared rays, to heat the nitride crystal substrate, wherein, in the preparation of the nitride crystal substrate, a substrate with an absorption coefficient α being approximately expressed by equation (1) in a wavelength range of at least 1 μm or more and 3.3 μm or less, is prepared as the nitride crystal substrate: α=n Kλ a  (1) (wherein, λ(μm) is a wavelength, α(cm−1) is absorption coefficient of the nitride crystal substrate at 27° C., n (cm−3) is a free electron concentration in the nitride crystal substrate, and K and a are constants, satisfying 1.5×10−19≤K≤6.0×10−19, a=3). 13. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor laminate, comprising: preparing a nitride crystal substrate comprising group-III nitride crystal and containing n-type impurities; and irradiating the nitride crystal substrate with at least infrared rays, to heat the nitride crystal substrate, wherein, in the preparation of the nitride crystal substrate, a substrate in which an absorption coefficient at a wavelength of 2 μm is 1.2 cm−1 or more and a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the absorption coefficient at a wavelength of 2 μm in a main surface is within 1.0 cm−1, is prepared as the nitride crystal substrate. 14. The method for manufacturing the semiconductor laminate according to claim 12, wherein the heating of the nitride crystal substrate comprises: epitaxially growing a semiconductor layer including group-III nitride semiconductor on the nitride crystal substrate. 15. The method for manufacturing the semiconductor laminate according to claim 14, comprising: epitaxially growing a p-type semiconductor layer containing p-type impurities as a layer constituting the semiconductor layer, on the nitride crystal substrate, wherein the heating of the nitride crystal substrate comprises: heating the nitride crystal substrate, to activate the p-type impurities in the p-type semiconductor layer. 16. The method for manufacturing the semiconductor laminate according to claim 14, comprising: ion-implanting predetermined impurities into the semiconductor layer, wherein the heating of the nitride crystal substrate comprises: heating the nitride crystal substrate, to activate the impurities in the semiconductor layer. 17. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor laminate, comprising: preparing a nitride crystal substrate comprising group-III nitride crystal and containing n-type impurities; and irradiating the nitride crystal substrate with at least infrared rays, to heat the nitride crystal substrate, wherein the preparation of the nitride crystal substrate comprises: measuring an absorption coefficient of the nitride crystal substrate in an infrared region at 27° C.; and determining whether the absorption coefficient α is approximately expressed by equation (1) in a wavelength range of at least 1 μm or more and 3.3 μm or less, based on the measured absorption coefficient of the nitride crystal substrate: α=n Kλ a  (1) (wherein, λ(μm) is a wavelength, α(cm−1) is absorption coefficient of the nitride crystal substrate at 27° C., n (cm−3) is a free electron concentration in the nitride crystal substrate, and K and a are constants, satisfying 1.5×10−19≤K≤6.0×10−19, a=3). 18. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor laminate, comprising: preparing a nitride crystal substrate comprising group-III nitride crystal and containing n-type impurities; and irradiating the nitride crystal substrate with at least infrared rays, to heat the nitride crystal substrate, wherein the preparation of the nitride crystal substrate comprises: measuring absorption coefficients in an infrared region at least at two or more points in a main surface of the nitride crystal substrate; and determining whether the absorption coefficient of the nitride crystal substrate at a wavelength of 2 μm is 1.2 cm−1 or more and whether a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the absorption coefficient at a wavelength of 2 μm in the main surface of the nitride crystal substrate is within 1.0 cm−1, based on the measured absorption coefficient of the nitride crystal substrate. 19. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, comprising: preparing a nitride crystal substrate comprising group-III nitride crystal and containing n-type impurities; and irradiating the nitride crystal substrate with at least infrared rays, to heat the nitride crystal substrate, wherein, in the preparation of the nitride crystal substrate, a substrate with an absorption coefficient α being approximately expressed by equation (1) in a wavelength range of at least 1 μm or more and 3.3 μm or less, is prepared as the nitride crystal substrate: α=n Kλ a  (1) (wherein, λ(μm) is a wavelength, α(cm−1) is absorption coefficient of the nitride crystal substrate at 27° C., n (cm−3) is a free electron concentration in the nitride crystal substrate, and K and a are constants, satisfying 1.5×10−19≤K≤6.0×10−19, a=3). 20. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, comprising: preparing a nitride crystal substrate comprising group-III nitride crystal and containing n-type impurities; and irradiating the nitride crystal substrate with at least infrared rays, to heat the nitride crystal substrate, wherein, in the preparation of the nitride crystal substrate, a substrate in which an absorption coefficient at a wavelength of 2 μm is 1.2 cm−1 or more and a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the absorption coefficient at a wavelength of 2 μm in a main surface is within 1.0 cm−1, is prepared as the nitride crystal substrate.

Long-acting co-agonists of the glucagon and GLP-1 receptors are described.

1. A GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide comprising the formula 2. A GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide comprising the formula 3. The GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide of claim 1, wherein the fatty diacid comprises a C14 C15, C16, C17, C18, C19, or C20 fatty diacid, 4. The GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide of claim 1, wherein the GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide comprises the fatty diacid conjugated to the Lys or pAF via a gamma-Glu, gamma-Glu linker. 5. The GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide of claim 1, wherein the GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide comprises the fatty diacid conjugated to the Lys or pAF via a PEG2PEG2-gamma-Glu linker wherein PEG2 is 8-amino-3,6-dioxaoctanoic acid. 6. The GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide of claim 1, wherein the GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide comprises at X10 a pAF conjugated to a fatty diacid. 7. The GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide of claim 1, wherein the GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide comprises at X10 a Lys conjugated to a C16 fatty acid and a Lys at position 20 or 24 conjugated to a fatty diacid. 8. The GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide of claim 1, wherein the GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide comprises at X20 a pAF conjugated to a fatty diacid or a Lys conjugated to a fatty diacid. 9. The GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide of claim 1, wherein the GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide comprises at X21 a pAF conjugated to a fatty diacid or a Lys conjugated to a fatty diacid. 10. The GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide of claim 1, wherein the GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide comprises at X24 a pAF conjugated to a fatty diacid or a Lys conjugated to a fatty diacid. 11. The GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide of claim 1, wherein the GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide comprises at X28 to pAF conjugated to a fatty diacid or a Lys conjugated to a fatty diacid. 12. The GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide of claim 1, wherein the GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide is selected from the group consisting of TP564, TP565, TP579, TP583, TP584, TP575, TP578, TP580, TP581, TP582, TP585, TP588, TP589, TP590, TP592, TP594, TP576, TP577, TP586, TP587, TP591, TP593, TP595, TP596, TP597, TP598, TP599, TP600, TP601, TP602, TP603, TP604, TP605, TP443, TP606, TP607, TP608, TP609, TP610, TP611, TP612, TP613, TP614, TP615, TP616, TP617, TP618, TP619, TP620, TP621, TP622, TP623, TP624, TP625, TP626, TP627, TP628, TP629, TP630, TP631, TP632, TP633, TP635, TP636, TP637, TP638, TP639, TP640, TP657, TP658, TP659, TP660, TP661, TP662, TP663, TP664, TP665, TP666, TP667, TP672, TP673, TP674, TP675, TP676, TP677, TP678, TP679, TP680, TP681, TP682, TP683, TP685, TP693, TP699, TP700, TP701, TP702, TP703, TP704, TP705, TP712, TP713, TP735, TP736, TP737, TP811, TP812, TP813, TP814, TP815, TP825, TP826, TP827, TP828, TP829, TP830, and TP831, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or counterion thereof. 13. The GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide of claim 1, wherein the GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide is selected from the group consisting of TP565, TP579, TP583, TP584, TP578, TP580, TP581, TP582, TP584, TP588, TP589. TP590, TP592, TP594, TP576, TP577, TP586, TP587, TP591, TP593, TP595, TP596, TP599, TP600, TP601, TP602, TP603, TP605, TP606, TP607, TP610, TP611, TP612, TP613, TP614, TP615, TP616, TP617, TP618, TP619, TP620, TP621, TP622, TP623, TP624, TP625, TP626, TP627, TP629, TP631, TP632, TP633, TP634, TP635, TP636, TP637, TP638, TP639, TP657, TP658, TP659, TP660, TP661, TP662, TP663, TP664, TP665, TP666, TP667, TP672, TP673, TP674, TP675, TP676, TP677, TP678, TP679, TP680, TP681, TP682, TP683, TP685, TP693, TP699, TP700, TP701, TP702, TP703, TP704, TP705, TP712, TP713, TP735, TP736, TP737, TP811, TP812, TP813, TP814, TP815, TP825, TP826, TP827, and TP828. 14. The GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide of claim 1, wherein the GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide has activity at the glucagon receptor and/or the GLP-1 receptor. 15. A composition comprising one or more of the GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptides of claim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and/or pharmaceutically acceptable salt. 16. A method for treating a patient for a metabolic disease or disorder comprising administering the patient an effective amount of any one or more of the GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptides of claim 1 to treat the metabolic disease or disorder in the patient. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the metabolic disease or disorder comprises diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), or obesity. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the diabetes comprises Type I diabetes, Type II diabetes, or gestational diabetes. 19. The method of claim 16, wherein the patient has more than one metabolic disease or disorder 20. The method of claim 16, wherein the metabolic disease or disorder comprises, diabetes and NASH, NAFLD, or obesity; obesity and NASH or NAFLD; diabetes, NASH, and obesity; diabetes, NAFLD, and obesity; or diabetes and obesity. 21. A method for treating a patient for a metabolic disease or disorder comprising administering the patient an effective amount of the composition of claim 15 to treat the metabolic disease or disorder in the patient. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the metabolic disease or disorder comprises diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), or obesity. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the patient has more than one metabolic disease or disorder. 24. The method of claim 21, wherein the metabolic disease or disorder comprises, diabetes and NASH, NAFLD, or obesity; obesity and NASH or NAFLD: diabetes, NASH, and obesity: diabetes, NAFLD, and obesity: or diabetes and obesity. 25-28. (canceled) 29. The method of claim 26, wherein the metabolic disease or disorder comprises, diabetes and NASH, NAFLD, or obesity; obesity and NASH or NAFLD; diabetes, NASH, and obesity; diabetes, NAFLD, and obesity; or diabetes and obesity. 30. A method for treating a metabolic disease or disorder in a patient or individual comprising: administering to the patient or individual an effective amount of a composition comprising a co-agonist peptide agonist of claim 1 and administering to the patient or individual an effective amount of a composition comprising an insulin or insulin analog to treat the metabolic disease or disorder in the patient or individual. 31. The method of claim 30, wherein the insulin analog comprises insulin detemir, insulin glargine, insulin levemir, insulin glulisine, insulin degludec, or insulin lispro. 32. The method of claim 30, wherein the metabolic disease or disorder comprises diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), or obesity. 33. The method of claim 32, wherein the diabetes comprises Type I diabetes, Type II diabetes, or gestational diabetes. 34. The method of claim 30, wherein the patient has more than one metabolic disease or disorder selected from diabetes and NASH, NAFLD, or obesity; obesity and NASH or NAFLD; diabetes, NASH, and obesity; diabetes, NAFLD, and obesity; or diabetes and obesity.

Long-acting co-agonists of the glucagon and GLP-1 receptors are described.1. A GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide comprising the formula 2. A GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide comprising the formula 3. The GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide of claim 1, wherein the fatty diacid comprises a C14 C15, C16, C17, C18, C19, or C20 fatty diacid, 4. The GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide of claim 1, wherein the GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide comprises the fatty diacid conjugated to the Lys or pAF via a gamma-Glu, gamma-Glu linker. 5. The GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide of claim 1, wherein the GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide comprises the fatty diacid conjugated to the Lys or pAF via a PEG2PEG2-gamma-Glu linker wherein PEG2 is 8-amino-3,6-dioxaoctanoic acid. 6. The GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide of claim 1, wherein the GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide comprises at X10 a pAF conjugated to a fatty diacid. 7. The GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide of claim 1, wherein the GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide comprises at X10 a Lys conjugated to a C16 fatty acid and a Lys at position 20 or 24 conjugated to a fatty diacid. 8. The GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide of claim 1, wherein the GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide comprises at X20 a pAF conjugated to a fatty diacid or a Lys conjugated to a fatty diacid. 9. The GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide of claim 1, wherein the GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide comprises at X21 a pAF conjugated to a fatty diacid or a Lys conjugated to a fatty diacid. 10. The GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide of claim 1, wherein the GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide comprises at X24 a pAF conjugated to a fatty diacid or a Lys conjugated to a fatty diacid. 11. The GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide of claim 1, wherein the GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide comprises at X28 to pAF conjugated to a fatty diacid or a Lys conjugated to a fatty diacid. 12. The GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide of claim 1, wherein the GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide is selected from the group consisting of TP564, TP565, TP579, TP583, TP584, TP575, TP578, TP580, TP581, TP582, TP585, TP588, TP589, TP590, TP592, TP594, TP576, TP577, TP586, TP587, TP591, TP593, TP595, TP596, TP597, TP598, TP599, TP600, TP601, TP602, TP603, TP604, TP605, TP443, TP606, TP607, TP608, TP609, TP610, TP611, TP612, TP613, TP614, TP615, TP616, TP617, TP618, TP619, TP620, TP621, TP622, TP623, TP624, TP625, TP626, TP627, TP628, TP629, TP630, TP631, TP632, TP633, TP635, TP636, TP637, TP638, TP639, TP640, TP657, TP658, TP659, TP660, TP661, TP662, TP663, TP664, TP665, TP666, TP667, TP672, TP673, TP674, TP675, TP676, TP677, TP678, TP679, TP680, TP681, TP682, TP683, TP685, TP693, TP699, TP700, TP701, TP702, TP703, TP704, TP705, TP712, TP713, TP735, TP736, TP737, TP811, TP812, TP813, TP814, TP815, TP825, TP826, TP827, TP828, TP829, TP830, and TP831, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or counterion thereof. 13. The GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide of claim 1, wherein the GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide is selected from the group consisting of TP565, TP579, TP583, TP584, TP578, TP580, TP581, TP582, TP584, TP588, TP589. TP590, TP592, TP594, TP576, TP577, TP586, TP587, TP591, TP593, TP595, TP596, TP599, TP600, TP601, TP602, TP603, TP605, TP606, TP607, TP610, TP611, TP612, TP613, TP614, TP615, TP616, TP617, TP618, TP619, TP620, TP621, TP622, TP623, TP624, TP625, TP626, TP627, TP629, TP631, TP632, TP633, TP634, TP635, TP636, TP637, TP638, TP639, TP657, TP658, TP659, TP660, TP661, TP662, TP663, TP664, TP665, TP666, TP667, TP672, TP673, TP674, TP675, TP676, TP677, TP678, TP679, TP680, TP681, TP682, TP683, TP685, TP693, TP699, TP700, TP701, TP702, TP703, TP704, TP705, TP712, TP713, TP735, TP736, TP737, TP811, TP812, TP813, TP814, TP815, TP825, TP826, TP827, and TP828. 14. The GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide of claim 1, wherein the GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide has activity at the glucagon receptor and/or the GLP-1 receptor. 15. A composition comprising one or more of the GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptides of claim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and/or pharmaceutically acceptable salt. 16. A method for treating a patient for a metabolic disease or disorder comprising administering the patient an effective amount of any one or more of the GCG/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptides of claim 1 to treat the metabolic disease or disorder in the patient. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the metabolic disease or disorder comprises diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), or obesity. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the diabetes comprises Type I diabetes, Type II diabetes, or gestational diabetes. 19. The method of claim 16, wherein the patient has more than one metabolic disease or disorder 20. The method of claim 16, wherein the metabolic disease or disorder comprises, diabetes and NASH, NAFLD, or obesity; obesity and NASH or NAFLD; diabetes, NASH, and obesity; diabetes, NAFLD, and obesity; or diabetes and obesity. 21. A method for treating a patient for a metabolic disease or disorder comprising administering the patient an effective amount of the composition of claim 15 to treat the metabolic disease or disorder in the patient. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the metabolic disease or disorder comprises diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), or obesity. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the patient has more than one metabolic disease or disorder. 24. The method of claim 21, wherein the metabolic disease or disorder comprises, diabetes and NASH, NAFLD, or obesity; obesity and NASH or NAFLD: diabetes, NASH, and obesity: diabetes, NAFLD, and obesity: or diabetes and obesity. 25-28. (canceled) 29. The method of claim 26, wherein the metabolic disease or disorder comprises, diabetes and NASH, NAFLD, or obesity; obesity and NASH or NAFLD; diabetes, NASH, and obesity; diabetes, NAFLD, and obesity; or diabetes and obesity. 30. A method for treating a metabolic disease or disorder in a patient or individual comprising: administering to the patient or individual an effective amount of a composition comprising a co-agonist peptide agonist of claim 1 and administering to the patient or individual an effective amount of a composition comprising an insulin or insulin analog to treat the metabolic disease or disorder in the patient or individual. 31. The method of claim 30, wherein the insulin analog comprises insulin detemir, insulin glargine, insulin levemir, insulin glulisine, insulin degludec, or insulin lispro. 32. The method of claim 30, wherein the metabolic disease or disorder comprises diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), or obesity. 33. The method of claim 32, wherein the diabetes comprises Type I diabetes, Type II diabetes, or gestational diabetes. 34. The method of claim 30, wherein the patient has more than one metabolic disease or disorder selected from diabetes and NASH, NAFLD, or obesity; obesity and NASH or NAFLD; diabetes, NASH, and obesity; diabetes, NAFLD, and obesity; or diabetes and obesity.

An optical communication system includes a first communication system to communicate first information from a controller to a truck and a second communication system to communicate second information. The first communication system includes; a first light emitter to output the first information, a first optical fiber to transport the light output from the first light emitter while letting the light leak therefrom, and a first light receiver to receive the light leaking from the first optical fiber. The second communication system includes a second light emitter to output second information, a second optical fiber to transport the light output from the second light emitter and input to the second optical fiber at some point along the second optical fiber, and a second light receiver to receive the light transported over the second optical fiber.

1-13. (canceled) 14. An optical communication system for use with a rail-guided truck that includes a rail, at least one truck movable along the rail, and a controller configured or programmed to exchange information with the at least one truck, the optical communication system comprising: a first communication system to communicate information from the controller to the at least one truck; and a second communication system to communicate second information from the at least one truck to the controller; wherein the first communication system includes: a first light emitter connected to the controller to output the first information in the form of light; a first optical fiber being an optical fiber laid along the rail to transport the light output from the first light emitter while letting the light leak therefrom; and a first light receiver mounted on the at least one truck to receive the light leaking from the first optical fiber, and the second communication system includes: a second light emitter mounted on the at least one truck to output second information in the form of light; a second optical fiber being an optical fiber laid along the rail to transport the light output from the second light emitter and input to the second optical fiber at some point along the second optical fiber, or to transport light generated by the light output from the second light emitter and input to the second optical fiber at some point along the second optical fiber; and a second light receiver connected to the controller to receive the light transported over the second optical fiber; wherein the second optical fiber includes a micro-lens array to collect the light incident on an outer circumferential surface of the second optical fiber in the second optical fiber. 15. An optical communication system for use with a rail-guided truck that includes a rail, at least one truck movable along the rail, and a controller configured or programmed to exchange information with the at least one truck, the optical communication system comprising: a first communication system to communicate first information from the controller to the at least one truck; and a second communication system to communicate second information from the at least one truck to the controller, wherein the first communication system includes: a first light emitter connected to the controller to output the first information in the form of light; a first optical fiber being an optical fiber laid along the rail to transport the light output from the first light emitter while letting the light leak therefrom; and a first light receiver mounted on the at least one truck to receive the light leaking from the first optical fiber; and the second communication system includes: a second light emitter mounted on the at least one truck to output second information in the form of light; a second optical fiber being an optical fiber laid along the rail to transport the light output from the second light emitter and input to the second optical fiber at some point along the second optical fiber, or to transport light generated by the light output from the second light emitter and input to the second optical fiber at some point along the second optical fiber; and a second light receiver connected to the controller to receive the light transported over the second optical fiber; wherein the second optical fiber includes a core doped with a fluorescent dye. 16. An optical communication system for use with a rail-guided truck that includes a rail, at least one truck movable along the rail, and a controller configured or programmed to exchange information with the at least one truck, the optical communication system comprising: a first communication system to communicate first information from the controller to the at least one truck; and a second communication system to communicate second information from the at least one truck to the controller; wherein the first communication system includes: a first light emitter connected to the controller to output the first information in the form of light; a first optical fiber being an optical fiber laid along the rail to transport the light output from the first light emitter while letting the light leak therefrom; and a first light receiver mounted on the at least one truck to receive the light leaking from the first optical fiber; and the second communication system includes: a second light emitter mounted on the at least one truck to output second information in the form of light; a second optical fiber being an optical fiber laid along the rail to transport the light output from the second light emitter and input to the second optical fiber at some point along the second optical fiber, or to transport light generated by the light output from the second light emitter and input to the second optical fiber at some point along the second optical fiber; and a second light receiver connected to the controller to receive the light transported over the second optical fiber; wherein the second optical fiber includes a core doped with a rare earth. 17. The optical communication system according to claim 14, wherein the first communication system further includes: a first converter to convert the first information into a first signal output in the form of light from the first light emitter; and a first inverse converter mounted on the at least one truck to convert the first signal received in the form of light by the first light receiver into the first information; and the second communication system further includes: a second converter mounted on the at least one truck to convert the second information into a second signal output in the form of light from the second light emitter; and a second inverse converter to convert the second signal received in the form of light by the second light receiver into the second information. 18. The optical communication system according to claim 17, wherein the first converter converts the first information into the first signal using a multi-carrier modulation. 19. The optical communication system according to claim 17, wherein the second converter converts the second information into the second signal using a multi-carrier modulation. 20. The optical communication system according to claim 14, wherein the light includes at least one of infrared light, visible light, and ultraviolet light. 21. The optical communication system according to claim 14, further comprising a plurality of the first optical fibers; wherein the plurality of first optical fibers are connected to each other serially via an amplifier. 22. The optical communication system according to claim 14, further comprising a plurality of the second optical fibers, wherein the plurality of second optical fibers are connected to each other serially via an amplifier. 23. The optical communication system according to claim 14, wherein the second optical fiber includes a plurality of slits on an outer circumferential surface of the second optical fiber. 24. The optical communication system according to claim 15, wherein a wavelength range of the light transported over the first optical fiber is different from that of the light output from the second light emitter. 25. The optical communication system according to claim 14, wherein the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber are flexible.

An optical communication system includes a first communication system to communicate first information from a controller to a truck and a second communication system to communicate second information. The first communication system includes; a first light emitter to output the first information, a first optical fiber to transport the light output from the first light emitter while letting the light leak therefrom, and a first light receiver to receive the light leaking from the first optical fiber. The second communication system includes a second light emitter to output second information, a second optical fiber to transport the light output from the second light emitter and input to the second optical fiber at some point along the second optical fiber, and a second light receiver to receive the light transported over the second optical fiber.1-13. (canceled) 14. An optical communication system for use with a rail-guided truck that includes a rail, at least one truck movable along the rail, and a controller configured or programmed to exchange information with the at least one truck, the optical communication system comprising: a first communication system to communicate information from the controller to the at least one truck; and a second communication system to communicate second information from the at least one truck to the controller; wherein the first communication system includes: a first light emitter connected to the controller to output the first information in the form of light; a first optical fiber being an optical fiber laid along the rail to transport the light output from the first light emitter while letting the light leak therefrom; and a first light receiver mounted on the at least one truck to receive the light leaking from the first optical fiber, and the second communication system includes: a second light emitter mounted on the at least one truck to output second information in the form of light; a second optical fiber being an optical fiber laid along the rail to transport the light output from the second light emitter and input to the second optical fiber at some point along the second optical fiber, or to transport light generated by the light output from the second light emitter and input to the second optical fiber at some point along the second optical fiber; and a second light receiver connected to the controller to receive the light transported over the second optical fiber; wherein the second optical fiber includes a micro-lens array to collect the light incident on an outer circumferential surface of the second optical fiber in the second optical fiber. 15. An optical communication system for use with a rail-guided truck that includes a rail, at least one truck movable along the rail, and a controller configured or programmed to exchange information with the at least one truck, the optical communication system comprising: a first communication system to communicate first information from the controller to the at least one truck; and a second communication system to communicate second information from the at least one truck to the controller, wherein the first communication system includes: a first light emitter connected to the controller to output the first information in the form of light; a first optical fiber being an optical fiber laid along the rail to transport the light output from the first light emitter while letting the light leak therefrom; and a first light receiver mounted on the at least one truck to receive the light leaking from the first optical fiber; and the second communication system includes: a second light emitter mounted on the at least one truck to output second information in the form of light; a second optical fiber being an optical fiber laid along the rail to transport the light output from the second light emitter and input to the second optical fiber at some point along the second optical fiber, or to transport light generated by the light output from the second light emitter and input to the second optical fiber at some point along the second optical fiber; and a second light receiver connected to the controller to receive the light transported over the second optical fiber; wherein the second optical fiber includes a core doped with a fluorescent dye. 16. An optical communication system for use with a rail-guided truck that includes a rail, at least one truck movable along the rail, and a controller configured or programmed to exchange information with the at least one truck, the optical communication system comprising: a first communication system to communicate first information from the controller to the at least one truck; and a second communication system to communicate second information from the at least one truck to the controller; wherein the first communication system includes: a first light emitter connected to the controller to output the first information in the form of light; a first optical fiber being an optical fiber laid along the rail to transport the light output from the first light emitter while letting the light leak therefrom; and a first light receiver mounted on the at least one truck to receive the light leaking from the first optical fiber; and the second communication system includes: a second light emitter mounted on the at least one truck to output second information in the form of light; a second optical fiber being an optical fiber laid along the rail to transport the light output from the second light emitter and input to the second optical fiber at some point along the second optical fiber, or to transport light generated by the light output from the second light emitter and input to the second optical fiber at some point along the second optical fiber; and a second light receiver connected to the controller to receive the light transported over the second optical fiber; wherein the second optical fiber includes a core doped with a rare earth. 17. The optical communication system according to claim 14, wherein the first communication system further includes: a first converter to convert the first information into a first signal output in the form of light from the first light emitter; and a first inverse converter mounted on the at least one truck to convert the first signal received in the form of light by the first light receiver into the first information; and the second communication system further includes: a second converter mounted on the at least one truck to convert the second information into a second signal output in the form of light from the second light emitter; and a second inverse converter to convert the second signal received in the form of light by the second light receiver into the second information. 18. The optical communication system according to claim 17, wherein the first converter converts the first information into the first signal using a multi-carrier modulation. 19. The optical communication system according to claim 17, wherein the second converter converts the second information into the second signal using a multi-carrier modulation. 20. The optical communication system according to claim 14, wherein the light includes at least one of infrared light, visible light, and ultraviolet light. 21. The optical communication system according to claim 14, further comprising a plurality of the first optical fibers; wherein the plurality of first optical fibers are connected to each other serially via an amplifier. 22. The optical communication system according to claim 14, further comprising a plurality of the second optical fibers, wherein the plurality of second optical fibers are connected to each other serially via an amplifier. 23. The optical communication system according to claim 14, wherein the second optical fiber includes a plurality of slits on an outer circumferential surface of the second optical fiber. 24. The optical communication system according to claim 15, wherein a wavelength range of the light transported over the first optical fiber is different from that of the light output from the second light emitter. 25. The optical communication system according to claim 14, wherein the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber are flexible.