ENH: Add columns parameter to from_dict
- [x] xref  #18529
- [x] tests added / passed
- [x] passes `git diff upstream/master -u -- "*.py" | flake8 --diff`
- [x] whatsnew entry

@jorisvandenbossche it seems to have been quite straightforward to implement this but let me know if I missed anything.

# [Codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/19802?src=pr&el=h1) Report
> Merging [#19802](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/19802?src=pr&el=desc) into [master](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/commit/aa59954a217c8f856bb0980265520d37b85a80af?src=pr&el=desc) will **decrease** coverage by `0.02%`.
> The diff coverage is `100%`.

[![Impacted file tree graph](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/19802/graphs/tree.svg?width=650&height=150&token=eZ4WkYLtcO&src=pr)](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/19802?src=pr&el=tree)

```diff
@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master   #19802      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   91.61%   91.59%   -0.03%     
==========================================
  Files         150      150              
  Lines       48892    48895       +3     
==========================================
- Hits        44792    44783       -9     
- Misses       4100     4112      +12
```

| Flag | Coverage Δ | |
|---|---|---|
| #multiple | `89.96% <100%> (-0.03%)` | :arrow_down: |
| #single | `41.78% <20%> (-0.01%)` | :arrow_down: |

| [Impacted Files](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/19802?src=pr&el=tree) | Coverage Δ | |
|---|---|---|
| [pandas/core/frame.py](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/19802/diff?src=pr&el=tree#diff-cGFuZGFzL2NvcmUvZnJhbWUucHk=) | `97.23% <100%> (ø)` | :arrow_up: |
| [pandas/plotting/\_converter.py](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/19802/diff?src=pr&el=tree#diff-cGFuZGFzL3Bsb3R0aW5nL19jb252ZXJ0ZXIucHk=) | `65.22% <0%> (-1.74%)` | :arrow_down: |

------

[Continue to review full report at Codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/19802?src=pr&el=continue).
> **Legend** - [Click here to learn more](https://docs.codecov.io/docs/codecov-delta)
> `Δ = absolute <relative> (impact)`, `ø = not affected`, `? = missing data`
> Powered by [Codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/19802?src=pr&el=footer). Last update [aa59954...e755462](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/19802?src=pr&el=lastupdated). Read the [comment docs](https://docs.codecov.io/docs/pull-request-comments).
 I believe we need to do a small doc change in dsintro.rst? (which motivated this). can you add on. lgtm. ping on green. > I believe we need to do a small doc change in dsintro.rst? (which motivated this). can you add on. lgtm. ping on green.

I had that already in a branch, so will push that separately. Thanks @reidy-p ! See https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/19837