Fix BUG: read_sql tries to convert blob/varbinary to string with pyarrow backend
- [x] closes #59242 
- [x] [Tests added and passed](https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/dev/development/contributing_codebase.html#writing-tests) if fixing a bug or adding a new feature
- [x] All [code checks passed](https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/dev/development/contributing_codebase.html#pre-commit).
- [x] Added [type annotations](https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/dev/development/contributing_codebase.html#type-hints) to new arguments/methods/functions.
- [x] Added an entry in the latest `doc/source/whatsnew/vX.X.X.rst` file if fixing a bug or adding a new feature.

This PR allows for bytes based data to be returned instead of throwing an exception like before
The most recent change on main seems to also have 17 failing tasks so I _think_ these failures are unrelated to the change in my PR but please let me know if that's wrong! trying to figure out why this test is failing https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/actions/runs/12484030959/job/34840808563?pr=60105 despite passing locally and in the other unit test checks - seems to be due to a library version mismatch between the different unit test CI checks and the `Future infer strings` check @kastkeepitjumpinlikekangaroos when running that locally you would need to set an environment variable:

```sh
PANDAS_FUTURE_INFER_STRING=1 python -m pytest pandas/tests/io/test_sql.py
```

Can you reproduce the error if you do that? > @kastkeepitjumpinlikekangaroos when running that locally you would need to set an environment variable:
> 
> ```shell
> PANDAS_FUTURE_INFER_STRING=1 python -m pytest pandas/tests/io/test_sql.py
> ```
> 
> Can you reproduce the error if you do that?

@WillAyd ah yes thank you!! was able to reproduce and fix the failing test locally. Waiting on CI now but should be passing there too. Please let me know if there's another way to be checking for the `infer_string` config option other than the way I'm currently doing it (`pd.options.future.infer_string`). This pull request is stale because it has been open for thirty days with no activity. Please [update](https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/development/contributing.html#updating-your-pull-request) and respond to this comment if you're still interested in working on this. Thanks for the pull request, but it appears to have gone stale. If interested in continuing, please merge in the main branch, address any review comments and/or failing tests, and we can reopen.