DOC: Organize README.md badges
Inspired by https://github.com/pypa/hatch/blob/master/README.md
Thanks! Is there something weird happening with the line breaks maybe maybe? I see this when I check your branch:
<img width="1038" alt="Screenshot of the rendered table with badges. There's a weird line break" src="https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/assets/6564007/57b19b96-3778-4968-b8dd-b655e711234b">
 > Thanks! Is there something weird happening with the line breaks maybe maybe? I see this when I check your branch: 

Ah I didn't know how to preview the markdown. Thanks, I was able to fix the line break issue

 thx @mroeschke 