ENH: Restore support for reading Stata 104 format dta files, and add support for 103

- [x] closes #58554
- [x] [Tests added and passed](https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/dev/development/contributing_codebase.html#writing-tests) if fixing a bug or adding a new feature
- [x] All [code checks passed](https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/dev/development/contributing_codebase.html#pre-commit).
- [ ] Added [type annotations](https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/dev/development/contributing_codebase.html#type-hints) to new arguments/methods/functions.
- [x] Added an entry in the latest `doc/source/whatsnew/vX.X.X.rst` file if fixing a bug or adding a new feature.

I wasn't sure whether to label this as a bug fix or enhancement as support has existed in the Pandas previously, but it last worked a long time ago.

I have included 103 support in this too as for the purposes of reading the format is identical (103 does not support data of byte type).
cc @bashtage  Seems pretty simple.  Are the dta files produced by Stata or something else? The new test files are produced with a program that I wrote based on the published specifications, but I test them with Stata (and occasionally a hex editor to be sure). I have also tested with a variety of historic files available from the Stata Technical Bulletin and the Stata Journal. Thanks @cmjcharlton 