BUG: Fix inconsistency when constructing a Series with large integers
- [x] closes #56566
- [x] [Tests added and passed
- [x] All [code checks passed]
- [ ] Added [type annotations](https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/dev/development/contributing_codebase.html#type-hints) to new arguments/methods/functions.
- [x] Added an entry in the latest `doc/source/whatsnew/vX.X.X.rst` file if fixing a bug or adding a new feature.

@phofl I used your fix on #50757 and modified a little for MaskedArray Since it is the same issue. Can you pls review  it before I write test cases? always write tests first > always write tests first

oh okay sure.. will do..