PERF: ArrowExtensionArray._from_sequence
- [x] [Tests added and passed](https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/dev/development/contributing_codebase.html#writing-tests) if fixing a bug or adding a new feature
- [x] All [code checks passed](https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/dev/development/contributing_codebase.html#pre-commit).
- [x] Added [type annotations](https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/dev/development/contributing_codebase.html#type-hints) to new arguments/methods/functions.
- [ ] Added an entry in the latest `doc/source/whatsnew/vX.X.X.rst` file if fixing a bug or adding a new feature.

Avoid an unnecessary cast in `ArrowExtensionArray._from_sequence`. 

Noticed the time spent there when transposing and arrow-backed dataframe:

```
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import pyarrow as pa

data = np.random.randn(10_000, 10)
dtype = pd.ArrowDtype(pa.float64())
df = pd.DataFrame(data, dtype=dtype)

%timeit df.T

# 254 ms ± 14.6 ms per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 1 loop each)    <- main
# 169 ms ± 3.69 ms per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 10 loops each)  <- PR
```

Thanks @lukemanley 