CLN: unify some fused types
Change summary:
- `numeric` -> `numeric_t`
    - This replaces usages of `asof_t`
- `numeric` + `object` -> `numeric_object_t`
    - This replaces usages of `algos_t`, `join_t`, `reshape_t`
- `i64 + u64 + f32 + f64` -> `iu_64_floating_t` (don't love this name, suggestions welcome)
    - This replaces `groupby_t`
- `iu_64_floating_t` + `object` -> `iu_64_floating_obj_t`
   - This replaces `rank_t` (which was renamed to `numeric_object_t` in #43789, so it replaces `numeric_object_t` in this pr)

@jbrockmendel if comments. LGTM