Implement --with-debugging-symbols switch in setup.py
- [x] closes N/A
- [x] tests added / passed
- [x] passes `git diff upstream/master -u -- "*.py" | flake8 --diff`
- [ ] whatsnew entry

This implements a switch that enables building Pandas with debugging symbols - useful for debugging or profiling native parts of the code.
# [Codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/25822?src=pr&el=h1) Report
> Merging [#25822](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/25822?src=pr&el=desc) into [master](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/commit/f39a9ce580d25c8273cff717d13a7bc8601aa339?src=pr&el=desc) will **increase** coverage by `<.01%`.
> The diff coverage is `n/a`.

[![Impacted file tree graph](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/25822/graphs/tree.svg?width=650&token=eZ4WkYLtcO&height=150&src=pr)](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/25822?src=pr&el=tree)

```diff
@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master   #25822      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   91.27%   91.27%   +<.01%     
==========================================
  Files         173      173              
  Lines       53002    53002              
==========================================
+ Hits        48375    48376       +1     
+ Misses       4627     4626       -1
```

| Flag | Coverage Δ | |
|---|---|---|
| #multiple | `89.83% <ø> (ø)` | :arrow_up: |
| #single | `41.76% <ø> (-0.01%)` | :arrow_down: |

| [Impacted Files](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/25822?src=pr&el=tree) | Coverage Δ | |
|---|---|---|
| [pandas/util/testing.py](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/25822/diff?src=pr&el=tree#diff-cGFuZGFzL3V0aWwvdGVzdGluZy5weQ==) | `89.4% <0%> (+0.1%)` | :arrow_up: |

------

[Continue to review full report at Codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/25822?src=pr&el=continue).
> **Legend** - [Click here to learn more](https://docs.codecov.io/docs/codecov-delta)
> `Δ = absolute <relative> (impact)`, `ø = not affected`, `? = missing data`
> Powered by [Codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/25822?src=pr&el=footer). Last update [f39a9ce...5a8ad16](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/25822?src=pr&el=lastupdated). Read the [comment docs](https://docs.codecov.io/docs/pull-request-comments).
 # [Codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/25822?src=pr&el=h1) Report
> Merging [#25822](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/25822?src=pr&el=desc) into [master](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/commit/f39a9ce580d25c8273cff717d13a7bc8601aa339?src=pr&el=desc) will **increase** coverage by `<.01%`.
> The diff coverage is `n/a`.

[![Impacted file tree graph](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/25822/graphs/tree.svg?width=650&token=eZ4WkYLtcO&height=150&src=pr)](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/25822?src=pr&el=tree)

```diff
@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master   #25822      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   91.27%   91.27%   +<.01%     
==========================================
  Files         173      173              
  Lines       53002    53002              
==========================================
+ Hits        48375    48376       +1     
+ Misses       4627     4626       -1
```

| Flag | Coverage Δ | |
|---|---|---|
| #multiple | `89.83% <ø> (ø)` | :arrow_up: |
| #single | `41.76% <ø> (-0.01%)` | :arrow_down: |

| [Impacted Files](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/25822?src=pr&el=tree) | Coverage Δ | |
|---|---|---|
| [pandas/util/testing.py](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/25822/diff?src=pr&el=tree#diff-cGFuZGFzL3V0aWwvdGVzdGluZy5weQ==) | `89.4% <0%> (+0.1%)` | :arrow_up: |

------

[Continue to review full report at Codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/25822?src=pr&el=continue).
> **Legend** - [Click here to learn more](https://docs.codecov.io/docs/codecov-delta)
> `Δ = absolute <relative> (impact)`, `ø = not affected`, `? = missing data`
> Powered by [Codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/25822?src=pr&el=footer). Last update [f39a9ce...5a8ad16](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/25822?src=pr&el=lastupdated). Read the [comment docs](https://docs.codecov.io/docs/pull-request-comments).
 # [Codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/25822?src=pr&el=h1) Report
> Merging [#25822](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/25822?src=pr&el=desc) into [master](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/commit/f39a9ce580d25c8273cff717d13a7bc8601aa339?src=pr&el=desc) will **increase** coverage by `<.01%`.
> The diff coverage is `n/a`.

[![Impacted file tree graph](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/25822/graphs/tree.svg?width=650&token=eZ4WkYLtcO&height=150&src=pr)](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/25822?src=pr&el=tree)

```diff
@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master   #25822      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   91.27%   91.27%   +<.01%     
==========================================
  Files         173      173              
  Lines       53002    53002              
==========================================
+ Hits        48375    48376       +1     
+ Misses       4627     4626       -1
```

| Flag | Coverage Δ | |
|---|---|---|
| #multiple | `89.83% <ø> (ø)` | :arrow_up: |
| #single | `41.76% <ø> (-0.01%)` | :arrow_down: |

| [Impacted Files](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/25822?src=pr&el=tree) | Coverage Δ | |
|---|---|---|
| [pandas/util/testing.py](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/25822/diff?src=pr&el=tree#diff-cGFuZGFzL3V0aWwvdGVzdGluZy5weQ==) | `89.4% <0%> (+0.1%)` | :arrow_up: |

------

[Continue to review full report at Codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/25822?src=pr&el=continue).
> **Legend** - [Click here to learn more](https://docs.codecov.io/docs/codecov-delta)
> `Δ = absolute <relative> (impact)`, `ø = not affected`, `? = missing data`
> Powered by [Codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/25822?src=pr&el=footer). Last update [f39a9ce...5a8ad16](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/25822?src=pr&el=lastupdated). Read the [comment docs](https://docs.codecov.io/docs/pull-request-comments).
 thanks @vnlitvin 