BUG: series sum changes dtype uint64 to int64
- [X] closes #53401 
- [x] [Tests added and passed](https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/dev/development/contributing_codebase.html#writing-tests) if fixing a bug or adding a new feature
- [ ] All [code checks passed](https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/dev/development/contributing_codebase.html#pre-commit).
- [ ] Added [type annotations](https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/dev/development/contributing_codebase.html#type-hints) to new arguments/methods/functions.
- [x] Added an entry in the latest `doc/source/whatsnew/vX.X.X.rst` file if fixing a bug or adding a new feature.

🚫Before
![image](https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/assets/61644078/0951c9e2-4513-4f64-b2e0-b4f949cc851e)


✅After changes
![image](https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/assets/61644078/3a719662-8142-4152-8525-268976252e42)

Thanks, @srkds. 

This should be handled in `_get_dtype_max`, unless I'm missing something . You should also add tests for this and an entry in the v2.1 whatsnew.

 I missed the `_get_dtype_max` method while checking the execution flow. Thanks for the suggestion 👍
Added test case and entry in `whatsnew` file.

Thanks! Thanks @srkds  Nice one, @srkds. Thanks @topper-123 and @mroeschke for reviewing and merging.
I have made progress from contributing to docs fixing typos, then adding test cases, and now contributed a bug fix 🎉😀.
It wouldn't be possible without maintainers like you.
Looking forward to contributing more ❤.