PERF: Fix performance regression #33365
Fix performance regression in Series.is_monotonic_increasing for categorical
by avoiding Categorical construction for categorical series

- [x] closes #33365
- [x] tests added / passed
- [x] passes `black pandas`
- [x] passes `git diff upstream/master -u -- "*.py" | flake8 --diff`
- [ ] whatsnew entry: perf regression was introduced after previous version

can you show `%timeit` results for the perf fix This asv benchmark is identical to the %timeit version shared in #33365. Let me know if timeit is preferred over this and I can share that as well.

```
before           after         ratio
     [29d6b023]       [b8605d24]
     <v1.0.1^0>       <fix_perf_regression_33365>
-        64.6±3μs         57.5±1μs     0.89  categoricals.IsMonotonic.time_categorical_series_is_mono
tonic_increasing

SOME BENCHMARKS HAVE CHANGED SIGNIFICANTLY.
PERFORMANCE INCREASED.
``` an you run all categorical and index construction asv's Here is the asv for everything. I re-ran the two that showed regressions afterwards and they did not reproduce.

```
$ asv continuous HEAD -f 1.1

before           after         ratio
     [455de19b]       [3b6a6725]
     <master~1>       <fix_perf_regression_33365>
+      40.7±0.5ms         52.2±3ms     1.28  io.parsers.DoesStringLookLikeDatetime.time_check_datetimes('0.0')
+     2.00±0.04ms       2.42±0.4ms     1.21  rolling.Quantile.time_quantile('DataFrame', 1000, 'int', 0, 'nearest')
-        880±40ns         800±20ns     0.91  index_cached_properties.IndexCache.time_is_all_dates('RangeIndex')
-        431±20μs          391±9μs     0.91  index_cached_properties.IndexCache.time_is_monotonic('MultiIndex')
-      1.88±0.2ms      1.71±0.05ms     0.91  index_cached_properties.IndexCache.time_is_unique('Float64Index')
-        18.2±1ms       16.5±0.1ms     0.91  inference.ToNumericDowncast.time_downcast('datetime64', 'integer')
-      5.48±0.2μs       4.96±0.1μs     0.90  index_cached_properties.IndexCache.time_shape('MultiIndex')
-        630±80μs          570±3μs     0.90  groupby.GroupByMethods.time_dtype_as_group('int', 'std', 'direct')
-     2.21±0.06ms      2.00±0.01ms     0.90  groupby.RankWithTies.time_rank_ties('float32', 'min')
-      10.9±0.7ms      9.84±0.04ms     0.90  groupby.Categories.time_groupby_nosort
-     2.87±0.09ms      2.59±0.02ms     0.90  groupby.TransformNaN.time_first
-      2.08±0.2ms       1.87±0.2ms     0.90  index_cached_properties.IndexCache.time_is_unique('MultiIndex')
-     2.22±0.05ms      1.99±0.02ms     0.90  groupby.RankWithTies.time_rank_ties('datetime64', 'average')
-        870±30ns         780±20ns     0.90  index_cached_properties.IndexCache.time_is_unique('Int64Index')
-     2.22±0.06ms      1.99±0.01ms     0.89  groupby.RankWithTies.time_rank_ties('float32', 'average')
-     2.26±0.06ms      2.02±0.01ms     0.89  groupby.RankWithTies.time_rank_ties('int64', 'dense')
-      4.37±0.5μs       3.90±0.4μs     0.89  index_cached_properties.IndexCache.time_is_all_dates('TimedeltaIndex')
-      1.68±0.1ms      1.49±0.01ms     0.89  algorithms.Quantile.time_quantile(0, 'midpoint', 'int')
-      28.1±0.8ms       24.8±0.3ms     0.88  groupby.Nth.time_series_nth_all('float64')
-      2.44±0.2μs      2.14±0.05μs     0.88  index_cached_properties.IndexCache.time_shape('PeriodIndex')
-       639±100μs          551±3μs     0.86  groupby.GroupByMethods.time_dtype_as_group('int', 'sum', 'transformation')
-        34.2±1ms       29.4±0.3ms     0.86  groupby.Nth.time_series_nth_all('object')
-      3.58±0.4μs       3.06±0.1μs     0.85  index_cached_properties.IndexCache.time_inferred_type('MultiIndex')
-        623±20μs        530±0.8μs     0.85  groupby.GroupByMethods.time_dtype_as_group('int', 'mean', 'direct')
-      4.12±0.4μs       3.48±0.2μs     0.84  index_cached_properties.IndexCache.time_inferred_type('TimedeltaIndex')
-      3.68±0.4μs       3.11±0.4μs     0.84  index_cached_properties.IndexCache.time_is_all_dates('UInt64Index')
-      1.57±0.1ms      1.31±0.01ms     0.83  indexing.NumericSeriesIndexing.time_loc_array(<class 'pandas.core.indexes.numeric.Int64Index'>, 'unique_monotonic_inc')
-      5.27±0.8μs       4.37±0.2μs     0.83  index_cached_properties.IndexCache.time_shape('Float64Index')
-        12.2±1μs       10.1±0.5μs     0.83  index_cached_properties.IndexCache.time_engine('TimedeltaIndex')
-        11.2±1μs       9.07±0.6μs     0.81  index_cached_properties.IndexCache.time_engine('UInt64Index')
-      4.38±0.8μs       3.53±0.3μs     0.81  index_cached_properties.IndexCache.time_values('TimedeltaIndex')
-      3.64±0.6μs       2.89±0.4μs     0.79  index_cached_properties.IndexCache.time_is_all_dates('Float64Index')
-      4.03±0.4μs       3.09±0.3μs     0.77  index_cached_properties.IndexCache.time_inferred_type('Float64Index')
-      4.00±0.4μs       3.03±0.2μs     0.76  index_cached_properties.IndexCache.time_inferred_type('UInt64Index')
-      7.35±0.7μs       5.53±0.3μs     0.75  index_cached_properties.IndexCache.time_shape('TimedeltaIndex')
-        11.4±1μs       8.45±0.5μs     0.74  index_cached_properties.IndexCache.time_engine('Float64Index')
-      4.50±0.5μs       2.81±0.3μs     0.62  index_cached_properties.IndexCache.time_values('Float64Index')
-        90.9±1μs       54.0±0.3μs     0.59  categoricals.IsMonotonic.time_categorical_series_is_monotonic_increasing
-      90.2±0.6μs       53.5±0.4μs     0.59  categoricals.IsMonotonic.time_categorical_series_is_monotonic_decreasing
-        151±70ms       41.5±0.2ms     0.27  frame_methods.Reindex.time_reindex_axis1

SOME BENCHMARKS HAVE CHANGED SIGNIFICANTLY.
PERFORMANCE DECREASED.
``` thanks @rtlee9  I don't believe we need a note as this was a recent master, but @TomAugspurger lmk if not the case I think that's right.

On Wed, Apr 15, 2020 at 12:42 PM Jeff Reback <notifications@github.com>
wrote:

> I don't believe we need a note as this was a recent master, but
> @TomAugspurger <https://github.com/TomAugspurger> lmk if not the case
>
> —
> You are receiving this because you were mentioned.
> Reply to this email directly, view it on GitHub
> <https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/33540#issuecomment-614181487>,
> or unsubscribe
> <https://github.com/notifications/unsubscribe-auth/AAKAOIWFJVXJYX724AJUFXTRMXWXXANCNFSM4MHM7QSA>
> .
>
