Infer filesystem from path when writing a partitioned DataFrame to remote file systems using pyarrow
Infer the file system to be passed to pyarrow based on the path provided.

- [x] closes #34841
- [x] tests added / passed
- [x] passes `black pandas`
- [x] passes `git diff upstream/master -u -- "*.py" | flake8 --diff`
- [x] whatsnew entry

Hello @kylase! Thanks for updating this PR. We checked the lines you've touched for [PEP 8](https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008) issues, and found:





There are currently no PEP 8 issues detected in this Pull Request. Cheers! :beers: 

##### Comment last updated at 2020-06-18 09:04:33 UTC https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/34266 has been merged in the meantime. @kylase if you have time to revisit this? > #34266 has been merged in the meantime. @kylase if you have time to revisit this?

Will take a look at it over the weekend. With a quick glance at the change, I think it should be fixed but we should add the test in to make sure the file system is inferred with just the path given. > > #34266 has been merged in the meantime. @kylase if you have time to revisit this?
> 
> Will take a look at it over the weekend. With a quick glance at the change, I think it should be fixed but we should add the test in to make sure the file system is inferred with just the path given.

@kylase are you still interesting in working on this? whatsnew will be 1.2 now

Thanks I have

> 
> 
> > > #34266 has been merged in the meantime. @kylase if you have time to revisit this?
> > 
> > 
> > Will take a look at it over the weekend. With a quick glance at the change, I think it should be fixed but we should add the test in to make sure the file system is inferred with just the path given.
> 
> @kylase are you still interesting in working on this? whatsnew will be 1.2 now
> 
> Thanks

I have looked at the tests in 1.1 and there are tests for [explicit filesystem](https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/blob/master/pandas/tests/io/test_parquet.py#L540) and [inferred](https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/blob/master/pandas/tests/io/test_parquet.py#L558). Therefore I feel that the issue has been resolved.

Will proceed to close this PR and the issue.