CLN: replace %s syntax with .format in core.dtypes and core.sparse
Progress towards #16130

- [X] passes `git diff upstream/master -u -- "*.py" | flake8 --diff`

Replaced `%s` syntax with `.format` in pandas.core.dtypes and pandas.core.sparse. Additionally, made some of the existing positional `.format` code more explicit.



# [Codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/17270?src=pr&el=h1) Report
> Merging [#17270](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/17270?src=pr&el=desc) into [master](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/commit/57befd18cb8ea8d641ea88a5c8ef916a09a9a1aa?src=pr&el=desc) will **decrease** coverage by `0.01%`.
> The diff coverage is `75%`.

[![Impacted file tree graph](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/17270/graphs/tree.svg?src=pr&token=eZ4WkYLtcO&width=650&height=150)](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/17270?src=pr&el=tree)

```diff
@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master   #17270      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   91.02%   91.01%   -0.02%     
==========================================
  Files         162      162              
  Lines       49539    49540       +1     
==========================================
- Hits        45095    45087       -8     
- Misses       4444     4453       +9
```

| Flag | Coverage Δ | |
|---|---|---|
| #multiple | `88.79% <75%> (ø)` | :arrow_up: |
| #single | `40.25% <0%> (-0.07%)` | :arrow_down: |

| [Impacted Files](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/17270?src=pr&el=tree) | Coverage Δ | |
|---|---|---|
| [pandas/core/sparse/list.py](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/17270?src=pr&el=tree#diff-cGFuZGFzL2NvcmUvc3BhcnNlL2xpc3QucHk=) | `97.1% <0%> (ø)` | :arrow_up: |
| [pandas/core/sparse/series.py](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/17270?src=pr&el=tree#diff-cGFuZGFzL2NvcmUvc3BhcnNlL3Nlcmllcy5weQ==) | `95.09% <100%> (ø)` | :arrow_up: |
| [pandas/core/dtypes/cast.py](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/17270?src=pr&el=tree#diff-cGFuZGFzL2NvcmUvZHR5cGVzL2Nhc3QucHk=) | `87.81% <100%> (ø)` | :arrow_up: |
| [pandas/core/sparse/frame.py](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/17270?src=pr&el=tree#diff-cGFuZGFzL2NvcmUvc3BhcnNlL2ZyYW1lLnB5) | `94.7% <60%> (ø)` | :arrow_up: |
| [pandas/core/dtypes/common.py](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/17270?src=pr&el=tree#diff-cGFuZGFzL2NvcmUvZHR5cGVzL2NvbW1vbi5weQ==) | `94.85% <75%> (+0.01%)` | :arrow_up: |
| [pandas/core/sparse/array.py](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/17270?src=pr&el=tree#diff-cGFuZGFzL2NvcmUvc3BhcnNlL2FycmF5LnB5) | `91.42% <80%> (ø)` | :arrow_up: |
| [pandas/io/gbq.py](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/17270?src=pr&el=tree#diff-cGFuZGFzL2lvL2dicS5weQ==) | `25% <0%> (-58.34%)` | :arrow_down: |
| [pandas/core/frame.py](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/17270?src=pr&el=tree#diff-cGFuZGFzL2NvcmUvZnJhbWUucHk=) | `97.72% <0%> (-0.1%)` | :arrow_down: |

------

[Continue to review full report at Codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/17270?src=pr&el=continue).
> **Legend** - [Click here to learn more](https://docs.codecov.io/docs/codecov-delta)
> `Δ = absolute <relative> (impact)`, `ø = not affected`, `? = missing data`
> Powered by [Codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/17270?src=pr&el=footer). Last update [57befd1...f0ee58e](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/17270?src=pr&el=lastupdated). Read the [comment docs](https://docs.codecov.io/docs/pull-request-comments).
 thanks!