Zongxia Li
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---
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inference: false
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license: mit
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language:
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- en
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metrics:
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- exact_match
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- f1
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- bertscore
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pipeline_tag: text-classification
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---
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# QA-Evaluation-Metrics
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[](https://pypi.org/project/qa-metrics/)
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[](https://colab.research.google.com/drive/17b7vrZqH0Yun2AJaOXydYZxr3cw20Ga6?usp=sharing)
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QA-Evaluation-Metrics is a fast and lightweight Python package for evaluating question-answering models and prompting of black-box and open-source large language models. It provides various basic and efficient metrics to assess the performance of QA models.
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### Updates
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- Uopdated to version 0.2.8
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- Supports prompting OPENAI GPT-series models and Claude Series models now. (Assuimg OPENAI version > 1.0)
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- Supports prompting various open source models such as LLaMA-2-70B-chat, LLaVA-1.5 etc by calling API from [deepinfra](https://deepinfra.com/models).
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## Installation
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* Python version >= 3.6
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* openai version >= 1.0
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To install the package, run the following command:
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```bash
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pip install qa-metrics
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```
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## Usage/Logistics
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The python package currently provides six QA evaluation methods.
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- Given a set of gold answers, a candidate answer to be evaluated, and a question (if applicable), the evaluation returns True if the candidate answer matches any one of the gold answer, False otherwise.
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- Different evaluation methods have distinct strictness of evaluating the correctness of a candidate answer. Some have higher correlation with human judgments than others.
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- Normalized Exact Match and Question/Answer type Evaluation are the most efficient method. They are suitable for short-form QA datasets such as NQ-OPEN, Hotpot QA, TriviaQA, SQuAD, etc.
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- Question/Answer Type Evaluation and Transformer Neural evaluations are cost free and suitable for short-form and longer-form QA datasets. They have higher correlation with human judgments than exact match and F1 score when the length of the gold and candidate answers become long.
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- Black-box LLM evaluations are closest to human evaluations, and they are not cost-free.
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## Normalized Exact Match
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#### `em_match`
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Returns a boolean indicating whether there are any exact normalized matches between gold and candidate answers.
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**Parameters**
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- `reference_answer` (list of str): A list of gold (correct) answers to the question.
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- `candidate_answer` (str): The answer provided by a candidate that needs to be evaluated.
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**Returns**
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- `boolean`: A boolean True/False signifying matches between reference or candidate answers.
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```python
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from qa_metrics.em import em_match
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reference_answer = ["The Frog Prince", "The Princess and the Frog"]
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candidate_answer = "The movie \"The Princess and the Frog\" is loosely based off the Brother Grimm's \"Iron Henry\""
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match_result = em_match(reference_answer, candidate_answer)
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print("Exact Match: ", match_result)
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'''
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Exact Match: False
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'''
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```
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## F1 Score
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#### `f1_score_with_precision_recall`
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Calculates F1 score, precision, and recall between a reference and a candidate answer.
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**Parameters**
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- `reference_answer` (str): A gold (correct) answers to the question.
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- `candidate_answer` (str): The answer provided by a candidate that needs to be evaluated.
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**Returns**
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- `dictionary`: A dictionary containing the F1 score, precision, and recall between a gold and candidate answer.
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```python
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from qa_metrics.f1 import f1_match,f1_score_with_precision_recall
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f1_stats = f1_score_with_precision_recall(reference_answer[0], candidate_answer)
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print("F1 stats: ", f1_stats)
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'''
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F1 stats: {'f1': 0.25, 'precision': 0.6666666666666666, 'recall': 0.15384615384615385}
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'''
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match_result = f1_match(reference_answer, candidate_answer, threshold=0.5)
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print("F1 Match: ", match_result)
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'''
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F1 Match: False
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'''
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```
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## Efficient and Robust Question/Answer Type Evaluation
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#### 1. `get_highest_score`
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Returns the gold answer and candidate answer pair that has the highest matching score. This function is useful for evaluating the closest match to a given candidate response based on a list of reference answers.
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**Parameters**
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- `reference_answer` (list of str): A list of gold (correct) answers to the question.
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- `candidate_answer` (str): The answer provided by a candidate that needs to be evaluated.
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- `question` (str): The question for which the answers are being evaluated.
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**Returns**
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- `dictionary`: A dictionary containing the gold answer and candidate answer that have the highest matching score.
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#### 2. `get_scores`
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Returns all the gold answer and candidate answer pairs' matching scores.
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**Parameters**
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- `reference_answer` (list of str): A list of gold (correct) answers to the question.
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- `candidate_answer` (str): The answer provided by a candidate that needs to be evaluated.
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- `question` (str): The question for which the answers are being evaluated.
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**Returns**
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- `dictionary`: A dictionary containing gold answers and the candidate answer's matching score.
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#### 3. `evaluate`
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Returns True if the candidate answer is a match of any of the gold answers.
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**Parameters**
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- `reference_answer` (list of str): A list of gold (correct) answers to the question.
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- `candidate_answer` (str): The answer provided by a candidate that needs to be evaluated.
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- `question` (str): The question for which the answers are being evaluated.
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**Returns**
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- `boolean`: A boolean True/False signifying matches between reference or candidate answers.
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```python
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from qa_metrics.pedant import PEDANT
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question = "Which movie is loosley based off the Brother Grimm's Iron Henry?"
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pedant = PEDANT()
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scores = pedant.get_scores(reference_answer, candidate_answer, question)
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max_pair, highest_scores = pedant.get_highest_score(reference_answer, candidate_answer, question)
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match_result = pedant.evaluate(reference_answer, candidate_answer, question)
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print("Max Pair: %s; Highest Score: %s" % (max_pair, highest_scores))
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print("Score: %s; PANDA Match: %s" % (scores, match_result))
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'''
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Max Pair: ('the princess and the frog', 'The movie "The Princess and the Frog" is loosely based off the Brother Grimm\'s "Iron Henry"'); Highest Score: 0.854451712151719
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Score: {'the frog prince': {'The movie "The Princess and the Frog" is loosely based off the Brother Grimm\'s "Iron Henry"': 0.7131625951317375}, 'the princess and the frog': {'The movie "The Princess and the Frog" is loosely based off the Brother Grimm\'s "Iron Henry"': 0.854451712151719}}; PANDA Match: True
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'''
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```
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```python
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print(pedant.get_score(reference_answer[1], candidate_answer, question))
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'''
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0.7122460127464126
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'''
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```
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## Transformer Neural Evaluation
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Our fine-tuned BERT model is on 🤗 [Huggingface](https://huggingface.co/Zongxia/answer_equivalence_bert?text=The+goal+of+life+is+%5BMASK%5D.). Our Package also supports downloading and matching directly. [distilroberta](https://huggingface.co/Zongxia/answer_equivalence_distilroberta), [distilbert](https://huggingface.co/Zongxia/answer_equivalence_distilbert), [roberta](https://huggingface.co/Zongxia/answer_equivalence_roberta), and [roberta-large](https://huggingface.co/Zongxia/answer_equivalence_roberta-large) are also supported now! 🔥🔥🔥
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#### `transformer_match`
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Returns True if the candidate answer is a match of any of the gold answers.
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**Parameters**
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- `reference_answer` (list of str): A list of gold (correct) answers to the question.
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- `candidate_answer` (str): The answer provided by a candidate that needs to be evaluated.
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- `question` (str): The question for which the answers are being evaluated.
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**Returns**
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- `boolean`: A boolean True/False signifying matches between reference or candidate answers.
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```python
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from qa_metrics.transformerMatcher import TransformerMatcher
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question = "Which movie is loosley based off the Brother Grimm's Iron Henry?"
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# Supported models: roberta-large, roberta, bert, distilbert, distilroberta
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tm = TransformerMatcher("roberta-large")
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scores = tm.get_scores(reference_answer, candidate_answer, question)
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match_result = tm.transformer_match(reference_answer, candidate_answer, question)
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print("Score: %s; bert Match: %s" % (scores, match_result))
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'''
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Score: {'The Frog Prince': {'The movie "The Princess and the Frog" is loosely based off the Brother Grimm\'s "Iron Henry"': 0.6934309}, 'The Princess and the Frog': {'The movie "The Princess and the Frog" is loosely based off the Brother Grimm\'s "Iron Henry"': 0.7400551}}; TM Match: True
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'''
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```
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## Prompting LLM For Evaluation
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Note: The prompting function can be used for any prompting purposes.
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###### OpenAI
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```python
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from qa_metrics.prompt_llm import CloseLLM
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model = CloseLLM()
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model.set_openai_api_key(YOUR_OPENAI_KEY)
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prompt = 'question: What is the Capital of France?\nreference: Paris\ncandidate: The capital is Paris\nIs the candidate answer correct based on the question and reference answer? Please only output correct or incorrect.'
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model.prompt_gpt(prompt=prompt, model_engine='gpt-3.5-turbo', temperature=0.1, max_tokens=10)
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'''
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'correct'
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'''
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```
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###### Anthropic
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```python
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model = CloseLLM()
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model.set_anthropic_api_key(YOUR_Anthropic_KEY)
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model.prompt_claude(prompt=prompt, model_engine='claude-v1', anthropic_version="2023-06-01", max_tokens_to_sample=100, temperature=0.7)
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'''
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'correct'
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'''
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```
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###### deepinfra (See below for descriptions of more models)
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```python
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from qa_metrics.prompt_open_llm import OpenLLM
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model = OpenLLM()
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model.set_deepinfra_key(YOUR_DEEPINFRA_KEY)
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model.prompt(message=prompt, model_engine='mistralai/Mixtral-8x7B-Instruct-v0.1', temperature=0.1, max_tokens=10)
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'''
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'correct'
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'''
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```
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If you find this repo avialable, please cite our paper:
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```bibtex
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@misc{li2024panda,
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title={PANDA (Pedantic ANswer-correctness Determination and Adjudication):Improving Automatic Evaluation for Question Answering and Text Generation},
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author={Zongxia Li and Ishani Mondal and Yijun Liang and Huy Nghiem and Jordan Lee Boyd-Graber},
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year={2024},
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eprint={2402.11161},
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archivePrefix={arXiv},
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primaryClass={cs.CL}
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}
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```
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## Updates
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- [01/24/24] 🔥 The full paper is uploaded and can be accessed [here](https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.11161). The dataset is expanded and leaderboard is updated.
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- Our Training Dataset is adapted and augmented from [Bulian et al](https://github.com/google-research-datasets/answer-equivalence-dataset). Our [dataset repo](https://github.com/zli12321/Answer_Equivalence_Dataset.git) includes the augmented training set and QA evaluation testing sets discussed in our paper.
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- Now our model supports [distilroberta](https://huggingface.co/Zongxia/answer_equivalence_distilroberta), [distilbert](https://huggingface.co/Zongxia/answer_equivalence_distilbert), a smaller and more robust matching model than Bert!
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## License
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This project is licensed under the [MIT License](LICENSE.md) - see the LICENSE file for details.
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## Contact
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For any additional questions or comments, please contact [[email protected]].
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