document: In addition, despite continuous efforts and significant advances in global public health care, emerging or re-emerging infectious diseases can still cause worldwide outbreaks. For example, influenza, Zika, Dengue, HIV, and Ebola continuously pose a threat to humans, especially in developing and undeveloped countries. For some infectious diseases, IgM shows an acute increase in early stages of infection, usually around 1 week, and can be used as a biomarker for early laboratory diagnosis