document: b-3WJsiSCR MG were immobilized on polyethylene glycol (PEG)ylated glass through a specific biotin-streptavidin interaction, and the fluorescence signals from DFHBI-1T/b-3WJ RNA complexes were acquired using a home-built TIRFM imaging system (Figure 2a). Upon 473 nm excitation, fluorescence signals from individual Qβ@b-3WJsiSCR MG were obtained. The fluorescence spot acquired and analysed in our system exhibited a diffraction limit (Figure 2b), representing the signal from individual