document: Virus-like particles (VLPs) are constructed from viral structural proteins and capsomers and are free of any genetic material. They are genome-free versions of their viral nanoparticle (VNP) counterparts and are considered noninfectious, nontoxic, and nonimmunogenic.21 Viruses are regarded as naturally occurring nucleic acid carriers, as they protect and carry their cargo.22 Furthermore, drugs can also be infused, encapsulated, absorbed, or conjugated to the interior and exterior surfaces of