def align_word_ids(texts, tokenizer, label_all_tokens):

    tokenized_inputs = tokenizer(texts, padding='max_length', max_length=512, truncation=True)

    word_ids = tokenized_inputs.word_ids()

    previous_word_idx = None
    label_ids = []

    for word_idx in word_ids:

        if word_idx is None:
            label_ids.append(-100)

        elif word_idx != previous_word_idx:
            try:
                label_ids.append(1)
            except:
                label_ids.append(-100)
        else:
            try:
                label_ids.append(1 if label_all_tokens else -100)
            except:
                label_ids.append(-100)
        previous_word_idx = word_idx

    return label_ids