ffmpeg [global_options] {[input_file_options] -i input_url} ... {[output_file_options] output_url} ... -
-ffmpeg is a universal media converter. It can read a wide variety of
-inputs - including live grabbing/recording devices - filter, and transcode them
-into a plethora of output formats.
-
ffmpeg reads from an arbitrary number of inputs (which can be regular
-files, pipes, network streams, grabbing devices, etc.), specified by the
--i option, and writes to an arbitrary number of outputs, which are
-specified by a plain output url. Anything found on the command line which cannot
-be interpreted as an option is considered to be an output url.
-
Each input or output can, in principle, contain any number of elementary streams
-of different types (video/audio/subtitle/attachment/data), though the allowed
-stream counts and/or types may be limited by the container format. Selecting
-which streams from which inputs will go into which output is either done
-automatically or with the -map option (see the Stream selection
-chapter).
-
To refer to inputs/outputs in options, you must use their indices (0-based).
-E.g. the first input is 0, the second is 1, etc. Similarly,
-streams within an input/output are referred to by their indices. E.g. 2:3
-refers to the fourth stream in the third input or output. Also see the
-Stream specifiers chapter.
-
As a general rule, options are applied to the next specified -file. Therefore, order is important, and you can have the same -option on the command line multiple times. Each occurrence is -then applied to the next input or output file. -Exceptions from this rule are the global options (e.g. verbosity level), -which should be specified first. -
-Do not mix input and output files – first specify all input files, then all -output files. Also do not mix options which belong to different files. All -options apply ONLY to the next input or output file and are reset between files. -
-Some simple examples follow. -
-ffmpeg -i input.avi output.mp4 -
ffmpeg -i input.avi -b:v 64k -bufsize 64k output.mp4 -
ffmpeg -i input.avi -r 24 output.mp4 -
ffmpeg -r 1 -i input.m2v -r 24 output.mp4 -
The format option may be needed for raw input files. -
- -ffmpeg builds a transcoding pipeline out of the components listed
-below. The program’s operation then consists of input data chunks flowing from
-the sources down the pipes towards the sinks, while being transformed by the
-components they encounter along the way.
-
The following kinds of components are available: -
One demuxer instance is created for each -i option, and sends encoded -packets to decoders or muxers. -
-In other literature, demuxers are sometimes called splitters, because -their main function is splitting a file into elementary streams (though some -files only contain one elementary stream). -
-A schematic representation of a demuxer looks like this: -
┌──────────┬───────────────────────┐ -│ demuxer │ │ packets for stream 0 -╞══════════╡ elementary stream 0 ├──────────────────────⮞ -│ │ │ -│ global ├───────────────────────┤ -│properties│ │ packets for stream 1 -│ and │ elementary stream 1 ├──────────────────────⮞ -│ metadata │ │ -│ ├───────────────────────┤ -│ │ │ -│ │ ........... │ -│ │ │ -│ ├───────────────────────┤ -│ │ │ packets for stream N -│ │ elementary stream N ├──────────────────────⮞ -│ │ │ -└──────────┴───────────────────────┘ - ⯅ - │ - │ read from file, network stream, - │ grabbing device, etc. - │ --
A schematic representation of a decoder looks like this: -
┌─────────┐ - packets │ │ raw frames -─────────⮞│ decoder ├────────────⮞ - │ │ - └─────────┘ --
A simple filtergraph is associated with an output elementary stream; it -receives the input to be filtered from a decoder and sends filtered -output to that output stream’s encoder. -
-A simple video filtergraph that performs deinterlacing (using the yadif
-deinterlacer) followed by resizing (using the scale filter) can look like
-this:
-
- ┌────────────────────────┐ - │ simple filtergraph │ - frames from ╞════════════════════════╡ frames for - a decoder │ ┌───────┐ ┌───────┐ │ an encoder -────────────⮞├─⮞│ yadif ├─⮞│ scale ├─⮞│────────────⮞ - │ └───────┘ └───────┘ │ - └────────────────────────┘ --
A complex filtergraph is standalone and not associated with any specific stream. -It may have multiple (or zero) inputs, potentially of different types (audio or -video), each of which receiving data either from a decoder or another complex -filtergraph’s output. It also has one or more outputs that feed either an -encoder or another complex filtergraph’s input. -
-The following example diagram represents a complex filtergraph with 3 inputs and -2 outputs (all video): -
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ - │ complex filtergraph │ - ╞═════════════════════════════════════════════════╡ - frames ├───────┐ ┌─────────┐ ┌─────────┐ ┌────────┤ frames -─────────⮞│input 0├─⮞│ overlay ├─────⮞│ overlay ├─⮞│output 0├────────⮞ - ├───────┘ │ │ │ │ └────────┤ - frames ├───────┐╭⮞│ │ ╭⮞│ │ │ -─────────⮞│input 1├╯ └─────────┘ │ └─────────┘ │ - ├───────┘ │ │ - frames ├───────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┬─╯ ┌────────┤ frames -─────────⮞│input 2├⮞│scale├⮞│split├───────────────⮞│output 1├────────⮞ - ├───────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘ └────────┤ - └─────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ -
Frames from second input are overlaid over those from the first. Frames from the -third input are rescaled, then the duplicated into two identical streams. One of -them is overlaid over the combined first two inputs, with the result exposed as -the filtergraph’s first output. The other duplicate ends up being the -filtergraph’s second output. -
-A schematic representation of an encoder looks like this: -
┌─────────┐ - raw frames │ │ packets -────────────⮞│ encoder ├─────────⮞ - │ │ - └─────────┘ --
A schematic representation of a muxer looks like this: -
┌──────────────────────┬───────────┐ - packets for stream 0 │ │ muxer │ -──────────────────────⮞│ elementary stream 0 ╞═══════════╡ - │ │ │ - ├──────────────────────┤ global │ - packets for stream 1 │ │properties │ -──────────────────────⮞│ elementary stream 1 │ and │ - │ │ metadata │ - ├──────────────────────┤ │ - │ │ │ - │ ........... │ │ - │ │ │ - ├──────────────────────┤ │ - packets for stream N │ │ │ -──────────────────────⮞│ elementary stream N │ │ - │ │ │ - └──────────────────────┴─────┬─────┘ - │ - write to file, network stream, │ - grabbing device, etc. │ - │ - ▼ --
The simplest pipeline in ffmpeg is single-stream
-streamcopy, that is copying one input elementary stream’s packets
-without decoding, filtering, or encoding them. As an example, consider an input
-file called INPUT.mkv with 3 elementary streams, from which we take the
-second and write it to file OUTPUT.mp4. A schematic representation of
-such a pipeline looks like this:
-
┌──────────┬─────────────────────┐ -│ demuxer │ │ unused -╞══════════╡ elementary stream 0 ├────────╳ -│ │ │ -│INPUT.mkv ├─────────────────────┤ ┌──────────────────────┬───────────┐ -│ │ │ packets │ │ muxer │ -│ │ elementary stream 1 ├─────────⮞│ elementary stream 0 ╞═══════════╡ -│ │ │ │ │OUTPUT.mp4 │ -│ ├─────────────────────┤ └──────────────────────┴───────────┘ -│ │ │ unused -│ │ elementary stream 2 ├────────╳ -│ │ │ -└──────────┴─────────────────────┘ --
The above pipeline can be constructed with the following commandline: -
ffmpeg -i INPUT.mkv -map 0:1 -c copy OUTPUT.mp4 -
In this commandline -
-map 0:1 selects the input stream to be used - from input with index 0
-(i.e. the first one) the stream with index 1 (i.e. the second one);
-
--c copy selects the copy encoder, i.e. streamcopy with no decoding
-or encoding.
-Streamcopy is useful for changing the elementary stream count, container format, -or modifying container-level metadata. Since there is no decoding or encoding, -it is very fast and there is no quality loss. However, it might not work in some -cases because of a variety of factors (e.g. certain information required by the -target container is not available in the source). Applying filters is obviously -also impossible, since filters work on decoded frames. -
-More complex streamcopy scenarios can be constructed - e.g. combining streams -from two input files into a single output: -
┌──────────┬────────────────────┐ ┌────────────────────┬───────────┐ -│ demuxer 0│ │ packets │ │ muxer │ -╞══════════╡elementary stream 0 ├────────⮞│elementary stream 0 ╞═══════════╡ -│INPUT0.mkv│ │ │ │OUTPUT.mp4 │ -└──────────┴────────────────────┘ ├────────────────────┤ │ -┌──────────┬────────────────────┐ │ │ │ -│ demuxer 1│ │ packets │elementary stream 1 │ │ -╞══════════╡elementary stream 0 ├────────⮞│ │ │ -│INPUT1.aac│ │ └────────────────────┴───────────┘ -└──────────┴────────────────────┘ -
that can be built by the commandline -
ffmpeg -i INPUT0.mkv -i INPUT1.aac -map 0:0 -map 1:0 -c copy OUTPUT.mp4 -
The output -map option is used twice here, creating two streams in the -output file - one fed by the first input and one by the second. The single -instance of the -c option selects streamcopy for both of those streams. -You could also use multiple instances of this option together with -Stream specifiers to apply different values to each stream, as will be -demonstrated in following sections. -
-A converse scenario is splitting multiple streams from a single input into -multiple outputs: -
┌──────────┬─────────────────────┐ ┌───────────────────┬───────────┐ -│ demuxer │ │ packets │ │ muxer 0 │ -╞══════════╡ elementary stream 0 ├─────────⮞│elementary stream 0╞═══════════╡ -│ │ │ │ │OUTPUT0.mp4│ -│INPUT.mkv ├─────────────────────┤ └───────────────────┴───────────┘ -│ │ │ packets ┌───────────────────┬───────────┐ -│ │ elementary stream 1 ├─────────⮞│ │ muxer 1 │ -│ │ │ │elementary stream 0╞═══════════╡ -└──────────┴─────────────────────┘ │ │OUTPUT1.mp4│ - └───────────────────┴───────────┘ -
built with -
ffmpeg -i INPUT.mkv -map 0:0 -c copy OUTPUT0.mp4 -map 0:1 -c copy OUTPUT1.mp4 -
Note how a separate instance of the -c option is needed for every -output file even though their values are the same. This is because non-global -options (which is most of them) only apply in the context of the file before -which they are placed. -
-These examples can of course be further generalized into arbitrary remappings -of any number of inputs into any number of outputs. -
-Transcoding is the process of decoding a stream and then encoding it -again. Since encoding tends to be computationally expensive and in most cases -degrades the stream quality (i.e. it is lossy), you should only transcode -when you need to and perform streamcopy otherwise. Typical reasons to transcode -are: -
-Note that ffmpeg will transcode all audio, video, and subtitle streams
-unless you specify -c copy for them.
-
Consider an example pipeline that reads an input file with one audio and one -video stream, transcodes the video and copies the audio into a single output -file. This can be schematically represented as follows -
┌──────────┬─────────────────────┐ -│ demuxer │ │ audio packets -╞══════════╡ stream 0 (audio) ├─────────────────────────────────────╮ -│ │ │ │ -│INPUT.mkv ├─────────────────────┤ video ┌─────────┐ raw │ -│ │ │ packets │ video │ video frames │ -│ │ stream 1 (video) ├─────────⮞│ decoder ├──────────────╮ │ -│ │ │ │ │ │ │ -└──────────┴─────────────────────┘ └─────────┘ │ │ - ▼ ▼ - │ │ -┌──────────┬─────────────────────┐ video ┌─────────┐ │ │ -│ muxer │ │ packets │ video │ │ │ -╞══════════╡ stream 0 (video) │⮜─────────┤ encoder ├──────────────╯ │ -│ │ │ │(libx264)│ │ -│OUTPUT.mp4├─────────────────────┤ └─────────┘ │ -│ │ │ │ -│ │ stream 1 (audio) │⮜────────────────────────────────────╯ -│ │ │ -└──────────┴─────────────────────┘ -
and implemented with the following commandline: -
ffmpeg -i INPUT.mkv -map 0:v -map 0:a -c:v libx264 -c:a copy OUTPUT.mp4 -
Note how it uses stream specifiers :v and :a to select input
-streams and apply different values of the -c option to them; see the
-Stream specifiers section for more details.
-
When transcoding, audio and video streams can be filtered before encoding, with -either a simple or complex filtergraph. -
- -Simple filtergraphs are those that have exactly one input and output, both of -the same type (audio or video). They are configured with the per-stream --filter option (with -vf and -af aliases for --filter:v (video) and -filter:a (audio) respectively). Note -that simple filtergraphs are tied to their output stream, so e.g. if you have -multiple audio streams, -af will create a separate filtergraph for each -one. -
-Taking the trancoding example from above, adding filtering (and omitting audio, -for clarity) makes it look like this: -
┌──────────┬───────────────┐ -│ demuxer │ │ ┌─────────┐ -╞══════════╡ video stream │ packets │ video │ frames -│INPUT.mkv │ ├─────────⮞│ decoder ├─────⮞───╮ -│ │ │ └─────────┘ │ -└──────────┴───────────────┘ │ - ╭───────────⮜───────────╯ - │ ┌────────────────────────┐ - │ │ simple filtergraph │ - │ ╞════════════════════════╡ - │ │ ┌───────┐ ┌───────┐ │ - ╰──⮞├─⮞│ yadif ├─⮞│ scale ├─⮞├╮ - │ └───────┘ └───────┘ ││ - └────────────────────────┘│ - │ - │ -┌──────────┬───────────────┐ video ┌─────────┐ │ -│ muxer │ │ packets │ video │ │ -╞══════════╡ video stream │⮜─────────┤ encoder ├───────⮜───────╯ -│OUTPUT.mp4│ │ │ │ -│ │ │ └─────────┘ -└──────────┴───────────────┘ --
Complex filtergraphs are those which cannot be described as simply a linear -processing chain applied to one stream. This is the case, for example, when the -graph has more than one input and/or output, or when output stream type is -different from input. Complex filtergraphs are configured with the --filter_complex option. Note that this option is global, since a -complex filtergraph, by its nature, cannot be unambiguously associated with a -single stream or file. Each instance of -filter_complex creates a new -complex filtergraph, and there can be any number of them. -
-A trivial example of a complex filtergraph is the overlay filter, which
-has two video inputs and one video output, containing one video overlaid on top
-of the other. Its audio counterpart is the amix filter.
-
While decoders are normally associated with demuxer streams, it is also possible
-to create "loopback" decoders that decode the output from some encoder and allow
-it to be fed back to complex filtergraphs. This is done with the -dec
-directive, which takes as a parameter the index of the output stream that should
-be decoded. Every such directive creates a new loopback decoder, indexed with
-successive integers starting at zero. These indices should then be used to refer
-to loopback decoders in complex filtergraph link labels, as described in the
-documentation for -filter_complex.
-
Decoding AVOptions can be passed to loopback decoders by placing them before
--dec, analogously to input/output options.
-
E.g. the following example: -
-ffmpeg -i INPUT \ - -map 0:v:0 -c:v libx264 -crf 45 -f null - \ - -threads 3 -dec 0:0 \ - -filter_complex '[0:v][dec:0]hstack[stack]' \ - -map '[stack]' -c:v ffv1 OUTPUT -
reads an input video and -
libx264 at low quality;
-
-Such a transcoding pipeline can be represented with the following diagram: -
┌──────────┬───────────────┐ -│ demuxer │ │ ┌─────────┐ ┌─────────┐ ┌────────────────────┐ -╞══════════╡ video stream │ │ video │ │ video │ │ null muxer │ -│ INPUT │ ├──⮞│ decoder ├──┬────────⮞│ encoder ├─┬─⮞│(discards its input)│ -│ │ │ └─────────┘ │ │(libx264)│ │ └────────────────────┘ -└──────────┴───────────────┘ │ └─────────┘ │ - ╭───────⮜──╯ ┌─────────┐ │ - │ │loopback │ │ - │ ╭─────⮜──────┤ decoder ├────⮜──╯ - │ │ └─────────┘ - │ │ - │ │ - │ │ ┌───────────────────┐ - │ │ │complex filtergraph│ - │ │ ╞═══════════════════╡ - │ │ │ ┌─────────────┐ │ - ╰─╫─⮞├─⮞│ hstack ├─⮞├╮ - ╰─⮞├─⮞│ │ ││ - │ └─────────────┘ ││ - └─────────────────���─┘│ - │ -┌──────────┬───────────────┐ ┌─────────┐ │ -│ muxer │ │ │ video │ │ -╞══════════╡ video stream │⮜─┤ encoder ├───────⮜──────────╯ -│ OUTPUT │ │ │ (ffv1) │ -│ │ │ └─────────┘ -└──────────┴───────────────┘ -- - -
ffmpeg provides the -map option for manual control of stream selection in each
-output file. Users can skip -map and let ffmpeg perform automatic stream selection as
-described below. The -vn / -an / -sn / -dn options can be used to skip inclusion of
-video, audio, subtitle and data streams respectively, whether manually mapped or automatically
-selected, except for those streams which are outputs of complex filtergraphs.
-
The sub-sections that follow describe the various rules that are involved in stream selection. -The examples that follow next show how these rules are applied in practice. -
-While every effort is made to accurately reflect the behavior of the program, FFmpeg is under -continuous development and the code may have changed since the time of this writing. -
- -In the absence of any map options for a particular output file, ffmpeg inspects the output -format to check which type of streams can be included in it, viz. video, audio and/or -subtitles. For each acceptable stream type, ffmpeg will pick one stream, when available, -from among all the inputs. -
-It will select that stream based upon the following criteria: -
In the case where several streams of the same type rate equally, the stream with the lowest -index is chosen. -
-Data or attachment streams are not automatically selected and can only be included
-using -map.
-
When -map is used, only user-mapped streams are included in that output file,
-with one possible exception for filtergraph outputs described below.
-
If there are any complex filtergraph output streams with unlabeled pads, they will be added -to the first output file. This will lead to a fatal error if the stream type is not supported -by the output format. In the absence of the map option, the inclusion of these streams leads -to the automatic stream selection of their types being skipped. If map options are present, -these filtergraph streams are included in addition to the mapped streams. -
-Complex filtergraph output streams with labeled pads must be mapped once and exactly once. -
-Stream handling is independent of stream selection, with an exception for subtitles described
-below. Stream handling is set via the -codec option addressed to streams within a
-specific output file. In particular, codec options are applied by ffmpeg after the
-stream selection process and thus do not influence the latter. If no -codec option is
-specified for a stream type, ffmpeg will select the default encoder registered by the output
-file muxer.
-
An exception exists for subtitles. If a subtitle encoder is specified for an output file, the -first subtitle stream found of any type, text or image, will be included. ffmpeg does not validate -if the specified encoder can convert the selected stream or if the converted stream is acceptable -within the output format. This applies generally as well: when the user sets an encoder manually, -the stream selection process cannot check if the encoded stream can be muxed into the output file. -If it cannot, ffmpeg will abort and all output files will fail to be processed. -
-The following examples illustrate the behavior, quirks and limitations of ffmpeg’s stream -selection methods. -
-They assume the following three input files. -
--input file 'A.avi' - stream 0: video 640x360 - stream 1: audio 2 channels - -input file 'B.mp4' - stream 0: video 1920x1080 - stream 1: audio 2 channels - stream 2: subtitles (text) - stream 3: audio 5.1 channels - stream 4: subtitles (text) - -input file 'C.mkv' - stream 0: video 1280x720 - stream 1: audio 2 channels - stream 2: subtitles (image) --
ffmpeg -i A.avi -i B.mp4 out1.mkv out2.wav -map 1:a -c:a copy out3.mov -
There are three output files specified, and for the first two, no -map options
-are set, so ffmpeg will select streams for these two files automatically.
-
out1.mkv is a Matroska container file and accepts video, audio and subtitle streams,
-so ffmpeg will try to select one of each type.
-For video, it will select stream 0 from B.mp4, which has the highest
-resolution among all the input video streams.
-For audio, it will select stream 3 from B.mp4, since it has the greatest
-number of channels.
-For subtitles, it will select stream 2 from B.mp4, which is the first subtitle
-stream from among A.avi and B.mp4.
-
out2.wav accepts only audio streams, so only stream 3 from B.mp4 is
-selected.
-
For out3.mov, since a -map option is set, no automatic stream selection will
-occur. The -map 1:a option will select all audio streams from the second input
-B.mp4. No other streams will be included in this output file.
-
For the first two outputs, all included streams will be transcoded. The encoders chosen will -be the default ones registered by each output format, which may not match the codec of the -selected input streams. -
-For the third output, codec option for audio streams has been set
-to copy, so no decoding-filtering-encoding operations will occur, or can occur.
-Packets of selected streams shall be conveyed from the input file and muxed within the output
-file.
-
ffmpeg -i C.mkv out1.mkv -c:s dvdsub -an out2.mkv -
Although out1.mkv is a Matroska container file which accepts subtitle streams, only a
-video and audio stream shall be selected. The subtitle stream of C.mkv is image-based
-and the default subtitle encoder of the Matroska muxer is text-based, so a transcode operation
-for the subtitles is expected to fail and hence the stream isn’t selected. However, in
-out2.mkv, a subtitle encoder is specified in the command and so, the subtitle stream is
-selected, in addition to the video stream. The presence of -an disables audio stream
-selection for out2.mkv.
-
ffmpeg -i A.avi -i C.mkv -i B.mp4 -filter_complex "overlay" out1.mp4 out2.srt -
A filtergraph is setup here using the -filter_complex option and consists of a single
-video filter. The overlay filter requires exactly two video inputs, but none are
-specified, so the first two available video streams are used, those of A.avi and
-C.mkv. The output pad of the filter has no label and so is sent to the first output file
-out1.mp4. Due to this, automatic selection of the video stream is skipped, which would
-have selected the stream in B.mp4. The audio stream with most channels viz. stream 3
-in B.mp4, is chosen automatically. No subtitle stream is chosen however, since the MP4
-format has no default subtitle encoder registered, and the user hasn’t specified a subtitle encoder.
-
The 2nd output file, out2.srt, only accepts text-based subtitle streams. So, even though
-the first subtitle stream available belongs to C.mkv, it is image-based and hence skipped.
-The selected stream, stream 2 in B.mp4, is the first text-based subtitle stream.
-
ffmpeg -i A.avi -i B.mp4 -i C.mkv -filter_complex "[1:v]hue=s=0[outv];overlay;aresample" \ - -map '[outv]' -an out1.mp4 \ - out2.mkv \ - -map '[outv]' -map 1:a:0 out3.mkv -
The above command will fail, as the output pad labelled [outv] has been mapped twice.
-None of the output files shall be processed.
-
ffmpeg -i A.avi -i B.mp4 -i C.mkv -filter_complex "[1:v]hue=s=0[outv];overlay;aresample" \ - -an out1.mp4 \ - out2.mkv \ - -map 1:a:0 out3.mkv -
This command above will also fail as the hue filter output has a label, [outv],
-and hasn’t been mapped anywhere.
-
The command should be modified as follows, -
ffmpeg -i A.avi -i B.mp4 -i C.mkv -filter_complex "[1:v]hue=s=0,split=2[outv1][outv2];overlay;aresample" \ - -map '[outv1]' -an out1.mp4 \ - out2.mkv \ - -map '[outv2]' -map 1:a:0 out3.mkv -
The video stream from B.mp4 is sent to the hue filter, whose output is cloned once using -the split filter, and both outputs labelled. Then a copy each is mapped to the first and third -output files. -
-The overlay filter, requiring two video inputs, uses the first two unused video streams. Those
-are the streams from A.avi and C.mkv. The overlay output isn’t labelled, so it is
-sent to the first output file out1.mp4, regardless of the presence of the -map option.
-
The aresample filter is sent the first unused audio stream, that of A.avi. Since this filter
-output is also unlabelled, it too is mapped to the first output file. The presence of -an
-only suppresses automatic or manual stream selection of audio streams, not outputs sent from
-filtergraphs. Both these mapped streams shall be ordered before the mapped stream in out1.mp4.
-
The video, audio and subtitle streams mapped to out2.mkv are entirely determined by
-automatic stream selection.
-
out3.mkv consists of the cloned video output from the hue filter and the first audio
-stream from B.mp4.
-
-
All the numerical options, if not specified otherwise, accept a string -representing a number as input, which may be followed by one of the SI -unit prefixes, for example: ’K’, ’M’, or ’G’. -
-If ’i’ is appended to the SI unit prefix, the complete prefix will be -interpreted as a unit prefix for binary multiples, which are based on -powers of 1024 instead of powers of 1000. Appending ’B’ to the SI unit -prefix multiplies the value by 8. This allows using, for example: -’KB’, ’MiB’, ’G’ and ’B’ as number suffixes. -
-Options which do not take arguments are boolean options, and set the -corresponding value to true. They can be set to false by prefixing -the option name with "no". For example using "-nofoo" -will set the boolean option with name "foo" to false. -
-Options that take arguments support a special syntax where the argument given on -the command line is interpreted as a path to the file from which the actual -argument value is loaded. To use this feature, add a forward slash ’/’ -immediately before the option name (after the leading dash). E.g. -
ffmpeg -i INPUT -/filter:v filter.script OUTPUT -
will load a filtergraph description from the file named filter.script. -
-Some options are applied per-stream, e.g. bitrate or codec. Stream specifiers -are used to precisely specify which stream(s) a given option belongs to. -
-A stream specifier is a string generally appended to the option name and
-separated from it by a colon. E.g. -codec:a:1 ac3 contains the
-a:1 stream specifier, which matches the second audio stream. Therefore, it
-would select the ac3 codec for the second audio stream.
-
A stream specifier can match several streams, so that the option is applied to all
-of them. E.g. the stream specifier in -b:a 128k matches all audio
-streams.
-
An empty stream specifier matches all streams. For example, -codec copy
-or -codec: copy would copy all the streams without reencoding.
-
Possible forms of stream specifiers are: -
Matches the stream with this index. E.g. -threads:1 4 would set the
-thread count for the second stream to 4. If stream_index is used as an
-additional stream specifier (see below), then it selects stream number
-stream_index from the matching streams. Stream numbering is based on the
-order of the streams as detected by libavformat except when a stream group
-specifier or program ID is also specified. In this case it is based on the
-ordering of the streams in the group or program.
-
stream_type is one of following: ’v’ or ’V’ for video, ’a’ for audio, ’s’ -for subtitle, ’d’ for data, and ’t’ for attachments. ’v’ matches all video -streams, ’V’ only matches video streams which are not attached pictures, video -thumbnails or cover arts. If additional_stream_specifier is used, then -it matches streams which both have this type and match the -additional_stream_specifier. Otherwise, it matches all streams of the -specified type. -
Matches streams which are in the group with the specifier group_specifier. -if additional_stream_specifier is used, then it matches streams which both -are part of the group and match the additional_stream_specifier. -group_specifier may be one of the following: -
Match the stream with this group index. -
Match the stream with this group id. -
Matches streams which are in the program with the id program_id. If -additional_stream_specifier is used, then it matches streams which both -are part of the program and match the additional_stream_specifier. -
-Match the stream by stream id (e.g. PID in MPEG-TS container). -
Matches streams with the metadata tag key having the specified value. If -value is not given, matches streams that contain the given tag with any -value. The colon character ’:’ in key or value needs to be -backslash-escaped. -
Matches streams with the given disposition(s). dispositions is a list of -one or more dispositions (as printed by the -dispositions option) -joined with ’+’. -
Matches streams with usable configuration, the codec must be defined and the -essential information such as video dimension or audio sample rate must be present. -
-Note that in ffmpeg, matching by metadata will only work properly for
-input files.
-
These options are shared amongst the ff* tools. -
-Show license. -
-Show help. An optional parameter may be specified to print help about a specific -item. If no argument is specified, only basic (non advanced) tool -options are shown. -
-Possible values of arg are: -
Print advanced tool options in addition to the basic tool options. -
-Print complete list of options, including shared and private options -for encoders, decoders, demuxers, muxers, filters, etc. -
-Print detailed information about the decoder named decoder_name. Use the --decoders option to get a list of all decoders. -
-Print detailed information about the encoder named encoder_name. Use the --encoders option to get a list of all encoders. -
-Print detailed information about the demuxer named demuxer_name. Use the --formats option to get a list of all demuxers and muxers. -
-Print detailed information about the muxer named muxer_name. Use the --formats option to get a list of all muxers and demuxers. -
-Print detailed information about the filter named filter_name. Use the --filters option to get a list of all filters. -
-Print detailed information about the bitstream filter named bitstream_filter_name. -Use the -bsfs option to get a list of all bitstream filters. -
-Print detailed information about the protocol named protocol_name. -Use the -protocols option to get a list of all protocols. -
Show version. -
-Show the build configuration, one option per line. -
-Show available formats (including devices). -
-Show available demuxers. -
-Show available muxers. -
-Show available devices. -
-Show all codecs known to libavcodec. -
-Note that the term ’codec’ is used throughout this documentation as a shortcut -for what is more correctly called a media bitstream format. -
-Show available decoders. -
-Show all available encoders. -
-Show available bitstream filters. -
-Show available protocols. -
-Show available libavfilter filters. -
-Show available pixel formats. -
-Show available sample formats. -
-Show channel names and standard channel layouts. -
-Show stream dispositions. -
-Show recognized color names. -
-Show autodetected sources of the input device. -Some devices may provide system-dependent source names that cannot be autodetected. -The returned list cannot be assumed to be always complete. -
ffmpeg -sources pulse,server=192.168.0.4 -
Show autodetected sinks of the output device. -Some devices may provide system-dependent sink names that cannot be autodetected. -The returned list cannot be assumed to be always complete. -
ffmpeg -sinks pulse,server=192.168.0.4 -
Set logging level and flags used by the library. -
-The optional flags prefix can consist of the following values: -
Indicates that repeated log output should not be compressed to the first line -and the "Last message repeated n times" line will be omitted. -
Indicates that log output should add a [level] prefix to each message
-line. This can be used as an alternative to log coloring, e.g. when dumping the
-log to file.
-
Flags can also be used alone by adding a ’+’/’-’ prefix to set/reset a single -flag without affecting other flags or changing loglevel. When -setting both flags and loglevel, a ’+’ separator is expected -between the last flags value and before loglevel. -
-loglevel is a string or a number containing one of the following values: -
Show nothing at all; be silent. -
Only show fatal errors which could lead the process to crash, such as -an assertion failure. This is not currently used for anything. -
Only show fatal errors. These are errors after which the process absolutely -cannot continue. -
Show all errors, including ones which can be recovered from. -
Show all warnings and errors. Any message related to possibly -incorrect or unexpected events will be shown. -
Show informative messages during processing. This is in addition to -warnings and errors. This is the default value. -
Same as info, except more verbose.
-
Show everything, including debugging information. -
For example to enable repeated log output, add the level prefix, and set
-loglevel to verbose:
-
ffmpeg -loglevel repeat+level+verbose -i input output -
Another example that enables repeated log output without affecting current
-state of level prefix flag or loglevel:
-
ffmpeg [...] -loglevel +repeat -
By default the program logs to stderr. If coloring is supported by the
-terminal, colors are used to mark errors and warnings. Log coloring
-can be disabled setting the environment variable
-AV_LOG_FORCE_NOCOLOR, or can be forced setting
-the environment variable AV_LOG_FORCE_COLOR.
-
Dump full command line and log output to a file named
-program-YYYYMMDD-HHMMSS.log in the current
-directory.
-This file can be useful for bug reports.
-It also implies -loglevel debug.
-
Setting the environment variable FFREPORT to any value has the
-same effect. If the value is a ’:’-separated key=value sequence, these
-options will affect the report; option values must be escaped if they
-contain special characters or the options delimiter ’:’ (see the
-“Quoting and escaping” section in the ffmpeg-utils manual).
-
The following options are recognized: -
set the file name to use for the report; %p is expanded to the name
-of the program, %t is expanded to a timestamp, %% is expanded
-to a plain %
-
set the log verbosity level using a numerical value (see -loglevel).
-
For example, to output a report to a file named ffreport.log
-using a log level of 32 (alias for log level info):
-
FFREPORT=file=ffreport.log:level=32 ffmpeg -i input output -
Errors in parsing the environment variable are not fatal, and will not -appear in the report. -
-Suppress printing banner. -
-All FFmpeg tools will normally show a copyright notice, build options -and library versions. This option can be used to suppress printing -this information. -
-Allows setting and clearing cpu flags. This option is intended -for testing. Do not use it unless you know what you’re doing. -
ffmpeg -cpuflags -sse+mmx ... -ffmpeg -cpuflags mmx ... -ffmpeg -cpuflags 0 ... -
Possible flags for this option are: -
Override detection of CPU count. This option is intended -for testing. Do not use it unless you know what you’re doing. -
ffmpeg -cpucount 2 -
Set the maximum size limit for allocating a block on the heap by ffmpeg’s -family of malloc functions. Exercise extreme caution when using -this option. Don’t use if you do not understand the full consequence of doing so. -Default is INT_MAX. -
These options are provided directly by the libavformat, libavdevice and -libavcodec libraries. To see the list of available AVOptions, use the --help option. They are separated into two categories: -
These options can be set for any container, codec or device. Generic options -are listed under AVFormatContext options for containers/devices and under -AVCodecContext options for codecs. -
These options are specific to the given container, device or codec. Private -options are listed under their corresponding containers/devices/codecs. -
For example to write an ID3v2.3 header instead of a default ID3v2.4 to -an MP3 file, use the id3v2_version private option of the MP3 -muxer: -
ffmpeg -i input.flac -id3v2_version 3 out.mp3 -
All codec AVOptions are per-stream, and thus a stream specifier -should be attached to them: -
ffmpeg -i multichannel.mxf -map 0:v:0 -map 0:a:0 -map 0:a:0 -c:a:0 ac3 -b:a:0 640k -ac:a:1 2 -c:a:1 aac -b:2 128k out.mp4 -
In the above example, a multichannel audio stream is mapped twice for output. -The first instance is encoded with codec ac3 and bitrate 640k. -The second instance is downmixed to 2 channels and encoded with codec aac. A bitrate of 128k is specified for it using -absolute index of the output stream. -
-Note: the -nooption syntax cannot be used for boolean -AVOptions, use -option 0/-option 1. -
-Note: the old undocumented way of specifying per-stream AVOptions by -prepending v/a/s to the options name is now obsolete and will be -removed soon. -
-Force input or output file format. The format is normally auto detected for input -files and guessed from the file extension for output files, so this option is not -needed in most cases. -
-input file url -
-Overwrite output files without asking. -
-Do not overwrite output files, and exit immediately if a specified -output file already exists. -
-Set number of times input stream shall be looped. Loop 0 means no loop, -loop -1 means infinite loop. -
-Allow forcing a decoder of a different media type than the one -detected or designated by the demuxer. Useful for decoding media -data muxed as data streams. -
-Select an encoder (when used before an output file) or a decoder (when used
-before an input file) for one or more streams. codec is the name of a
-decoder/encoder or a special value copy (output only) to indicate that
-the stream is not to be re-encoded.
-
For example -
ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0 -c:v libx264 -c:a copy OUTPUT -
encodes all video streams with libx264 and copies all audio streams. -
-For each stream, the last matching c option is applied, so
-
ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0 -c copy -c:v:1 libx264 -c:a:137 libvorbis OUTPUT -
will copy all the streams except the second video, which will be encoded with -libx264, and the 138th audio, which will be encoded with libvorbis. -
-When used as an input option (before -i), limit the duration of
-data read from the input file.
-
When used as an output option (before an output url), stop writing the -output after its duration reaches duration. -
-duration must be a time duration specification, -see the Time duration section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual. -
--to and -t are mutually exclusive and -t has priority. -
-Stop writing the output or reading the input at position. -position must be a time duration specification, -see the Time duration section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual. -
--to and -t are mutually exclusive and -t has priority. -
-Set the file size limit, expressed in bytes. No further chunk of bytes is written -after the limit is exceeded. The size of the output file is slightly more than the -requested file size. -
-When used as an input option (before -i), seeks in this input file to
-position. Note that in most formats it is not possible to seek exactly,
-so ffmpeg will seek to the closest seek point before position.
-When transcoding and -accurate_seek is enabled (the default), this
-extra segment between the seek point and position will be decoded and
-discarded. When doing stream copy or when -noaccurate_seek is used, it
-will be preserved.
-
When used as an output option (before an output url), decodes but discards -input until the timestamps reach position. -
-position must be a time duration specification, -see the Time duration section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual. -
-Like the -ss option but relative to the "end of file". That is negative
-values are earlier in the file, 0 is at EOF.
-
Assign an input as a sync source. -
-This will take the difference between the start times of the target and reference inputs and
-offset the timestamps of the target file by that difference. The source timestamps of the two
-inputs should derive from the same clock source for expected results. If copyts is set
-then start_at_zero must also be set. If either of the inputs has no starting timestamp
-then no sync adjustment is made.
-
Acceptable values are those that refer to a valid ffmpeg input index. If the sync reference is -the target index itself or -1, then no adjustment is made to target timestamps. A sync -reference may not itself be synced to any other input. -
-Default value is -1. -
-Set the input time offset. -
-offset must be a time duration specification, -see the Time duration section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual. -
-The offset is added to the timestamps of the input files. Specifying -a positive offset means that the corresponding streams are delayed by -the time duration specified in offset. -
-Rescale input timestamps. scale should be a floating point number. -
-Set the recording timestamp in the container. -
-date must be a date specification, -see the Date section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual. -
-Set a metadata key/value pair. -
-An optional metadata_specifier may be given to set metadata
-on streams, chapters or programs. See -map_metadata
-documentation for details.
-
This option overrides metadata set with -map_metadata. It is
-also possible to delete metadata by using an empty value.
-
For example, for setting the title in the output file: -
ffmpeg -i in.avi -metadata title="my title" out.flv -
To set the language of the first audio stream: -
ffmpeg -i INPUT -metadata:s:a:0 language=eng OUTPUT -
Sets the disposition flags for a stream. -
-Default value: by default, all disposition flags are copied from the input stream, -unless the output stream this option applies to is fed by a complex filtergraph -- in that case no disposition flags are set by default. -
-value is a sequence of disposition flags separated by ’+’ or ’-’. A ’+’ -prefix adds the given disposition, ’-’ removes it. If the first flag is also -prefixed with ’+’ or ’-’, the resulting disposition is the default value -updated by value. If the first flag is not prefixed, the resulting -disposition is value. It is also possible to clear the disposition by -setting it to 0. -
-If no -disposition options were specified for an output file, ffmpeg will
-automatically set the ’default’ disposition flag on the first stream of each type,
-when there are multiple streams of this type in the output file and no stream of
-that type is already marked as default.
-
The -dispositions option lists the known disposition flags.
-
For example, to make the second audio stream the default stream: -
ffmpeg -i in.mkv -c copy -disposition:a:1 default out.mkv -
To make the second subtitle stream the default stream and remove the default -disposition from the first subtitle stream: -
ffmpeg -i in.mkv -c copy -disposition:s:0 0 -disposition:s:1 default out.mkv -
To add an embedded cover/thumbnail: -
ffmpeg -i in.mp4 -i IMAGE -map 0 -map 1 -c copy -c:v:1 png -disposition:v:1 attached_pic out.mp4 -
To add the ’original’ and remove the ’comment’ disposition flag from the first -audio stream without removing its other disposition flags: -
ffmpeg -i in.mkv -c copy -disposition:a:0 +original-comment out.mkv -
To remove the ’original’ and add the ’comment’ disposition flag to the first -audio stream without removing its other disposition flags: -
ffmpeg -i in.mkv -c copy -disposition:a:0 -original+comment out.mkv -
To set only the ’original’ and ’comment’ disposition flags on the first audio -stream (and remove its other disposition flags): -
ffmpeg -i in.mkv -c copy -disposition:a:0 original+comment out.mkv -
To remove all disposition flags from the first audio stream: -
ffmpeg -i in.mkv -c copy -disposition:a:0 0 out.mkv -
Not all muxers support embedded thumbnails, and those who do, only support a few formats, like JPEG or PNG. -
-Creates a program with the specified title, program_num and adds the specified -stream(s) to it. -
-Creates a stream group of the specified type and stream_group_id, or by -mapping an input group, adding the specified stream(s) and/or previously -defined stream_group(s) to it. -
-type can be one of the following: -
Groups streams that belong to the same IAMF Audio Element -
-For this group type, the following options are available -
The Audio Element type. The following values are supported: -
-Scalable channel audio representation -
Ambisonics representation -
Demixing information used to reconstruct a scalable channel audio representation. -This option must be separated from the rest with a ’,’, and takes the following -key=value options -
-An identifier parameters blocks in frames may refer to -
A pre-defined combination of demixing parameters -
Recon gain information used to reconstruct a scalable channel audio representation. -This option must be separated from the rest with a ’,’, and takes the following -key=value options -
-An identifier parameters blocks in frames may refer to -
A layer defining a Channel Layout in the Audio Element. -This option must be separated from the rest with a ’,’. Several ’,’ separated entries -can be defined, and at least one must be set. -
-It takes the following ":"-separated key=value options -
-The layer’s channel layout -
The following flags are available: -
-Wether to signal if recon_gain is present as metadata in parameter blocks within frames -
Which channels output_gain applies to. The following flags are available: -
-The ambisonics mode. This has no effect if audio_element_type is set to channel. -
-The following values are supported: -
-Each ambisonics channel is coded as an individual mono stream in the group -
Default weight value -
-Groups streams that belong to all IAMF Audio Element the same -IAMF Mix Presentation references -
-For this group type, the following options are available -
-A sub-mix within the Mix Presentation. -This option must be separated from the rest with a ’,’. Several ’,’ separated entries -can be defined, and at least one must be set. -
-It takes the following ":"-separated key=value options -
-An identifier parameters blocks in frames may refer to, for post-processing the mixed -audio signal to generate the audio signal for playback -
The sample rate duration fields in parameters blocks in frames that refer to this -parameter_id are expressed as -
Default mix gain value to apply when there are no parameter blocks sharing the same -parameter_id for a given frame -
-References an Audio Element used in this Mix Presentation to generate the final output -audio signal for playback. -This option must be separated from the rest with a ’|’. Several ’|’ separated entries -can be defined, and at least one must be set. -
-It takes the following ":"-separated key=value options: -
-The stream_group_id for an Audio Element which this sub-mix refers to -
An identifier parameters blocks in frames may refer to, for applying any processing to -the referenced and rendered Audio Element before being summed with other processed Audio -Elements -
The sample rate duration fields in parameters blocks in frames that refer to this -parameter_id are expressed as -
Default mix gain value to apply when there are no parameter blocks sharing the same -parameter_id for a given frame -
A key=value string describing the sub-mix element where "key" is a string conforming to -BCP-47 that specifies the language for the "value" string. "key" must be the same as the -one in the mix’s annotations -
Indicates whether the input channel-based Audio Element is rendered to stereo loudspeakers -or spatialized with a binaural renderer when played back on headphones. -This has no effect if the referenced Audio Element’s audio_element_type is set to -channel. -
-The following values are supported: -
-Specifies the layouts for this sub-mix on which the loudness information was measured. -This option must be separated from the rest with a ’|’. Several ’|’ separated entries -can be defined, and at least one must be set. -
-It takes the following ":"-separated key=value options: -
-The layout follows the loudspeaker sound system convention of ITU-2051-3. -
The layout is binaural. -
Channel layout matching one of Sound Systems A to J of ITU-2051-3, plus 7.1.2 and 3.1.2 -This has no effect if layout_type is set to binaural. -
The program integrated loudness information, as defined in ITU-1770-4. -
The digital (sampled) peak value of the audio signal, as defined in ITU-1770-4. -
The true peak of the audio signal, as defined in ITU-1770-4. -
The Dialogue loudness information, as defined in ITU-1770-4. -
The Album loudness information, as defined in ITU-1770-4. -
A key=value string string describing the mix where "key" is a string conforming to BCP-47 -that specifies the language for the "value" string. "key" must be the same as the ones in -all sub-mix element’s annotationss -
E.g. to create an scalable 5.1 IAMF file from several WAV input files -
ffmpeg -i front.wav -i back.wav -i center.wav -i lfe.wav --map 0:0 -map 1:0 -map 2:0 -map 3:0 -c:a opus --stream_group type=iamf_audio_element:id=1:st=0:st=1:st=2:st=3, -demixing=parameter_id=998, -recon_gain=parameter_id=101, -layer=ch_layout=stereo, -layer=ch_layout=5.1, --stream_group type=iamf_mix_presentation:id=2:stg=0:annotations=en-us=Mix_Presentation, -submix=parameter_id=100:parameter_rate=48000|element=stg=0:parameter_id=100:annotations=en-us=Scalable_Submix|layout=sound_system=stereo|layout=sound_system=5.1 --streamid 0:0 -streamid 1:1 -streamid 2:2 -streamid 3:3 output.iamf -
To copy the two stream groups (Audio Element and Mix Presentation) from an input IAMF file with four -streams into an mp4 output -
ffmpeg -i input.iamf -c:a copy -stream_group map=0=0:st=0:st=1:st=2:st=3 -stream_group map=0=1:stg=0 --streamid 0:0 -streamid 1:1 -streamid 2:2 -streamid 3:3 output.mp4 -
Specify target file type (vcd, svcd, dvd, dv,
-dv50). type may be prefixed with pal-, ntsc- or
-film- to use the corresponding standard. All the format options
-(bitrate, codecs, buffer sizes) are then set automatically. You can just type:
-
ffmpeg -i myfile.avi -target vcd /tmp/vcd.mpg -
Nevertheless you can specify additional options as long as you know -they do not conflict with the standard, as in: -
-ffmpeg -i myfile.avi -target vcd -bf 2 /tmp/vcd.mpg -
The parameters set for each target are as follows. -
-VCD -
pal: --f vcd -muxrate 1411200 -muxpreload 0.44 -packetsize 2324 --s 352x288 -r 25 --codec:v mpeg1video -g 15 -b:v 1150k -maxrate:v 1150k -minrate:v 1150k -bufsize:v 327680 --ar 44100 -ac 2 --codec:a mp2 -b:a 224k - -ntsc: --f vcd -muxrate 1411200 -muxpreload 0.44 -packetsize 2324 --s 352x240 -r 30000/1001 --codec:v mpeg1video -g 18 -b:v 1150k -maxrate:v 1150k -minrate:v 1150k -bufsize:v 327680 --ar 44100 -ac 2 --codec:a mp2 -b:a 224k - -film: --f vcd -muxrate 1411200 -muxpreload 0.44 -packetsize 2324 --s 352x240 -r 24000/1001 --codec:v mpeg1video -g 18 -b:v 1150k -maxrate:v 1150k -minrate:v 1150k -bufsize:v 327680 --ar 44100 -ac 2 --codec:a mp2 -b:a 224k -
SVCD -
pal: --f svcd -packetsize 2324 --s 480x576 -pix_fmt yuv420p -r 25 --codec:v mpeg2video -g 15 -b:v 2040k -maxrate:v 2516k -minrate:v 0 -bufsize:v 1835008 -scan_offset 1 --ar 44100 --codec:a mp2 -b:a 224k - -ntsc: --f svcd -packetsize 2324 --s 480x480 -pix_fmt yuv420p -r 30000/1001 --codec:v mpeg2video -g 18 -b:v 2040k -maxrate:v 2516k -minrate:v 0 -bufsize:v 1835008 -scan_offset 1 --ar 44100 --codec:a mp2 -b:a 224k - -film: --f svcd -packetsize 2324 --s 480x480 -pix_fmt yuv420p -r 24000/1001 --codec:v mpeg2video -g 18 -b:v 2040k -maxrate:v 2516k -minrate:v 0 -bufsize:v 1835008 -scan_offset 1 --ar 44100 --codec:a mp2 -b:a 224k -
DVD -
pal: --f dvd -muxrate 10080k -packetsize 2048 --s 720x576 -pix_fmt yuv420p -r 25 --codec:v mpeg2video -g 15 -b:v 6000k -maxrate:v 9000k -minrate:v 0 -bufsize:v 1835008 --ar 48000 --codec:a ac3 -b:a 448k - -ntsc: --f dvd -muxrate 10080k -packetsize 2048 --s 720x480 -pix_fmt yuv420p -r 30000/1001 --codec:v mpeg2video -g 18 -b:v 6000k -maxrate:v 9000k -minrate:v 0 -bufsize:v 1835008 --ar 48000 --codec:a ac3 -b:a 448k - -film: --f dvd -muxrate 10080k -packetsize 2048 --s 720x480 -pix_fmt yuv420p -r 24000/1001 --codec:v mpeg2video -g 18 -b:v 6000k -maxrate:v 9000k -minrate:v 0 -bufsize:v 1835008 --ar 48000 --codec:a ac3 -b:a 448k -
DV -
pal: --f dv --s 720x576 -pix_fmt yuv420p -r 25 --ar 48000 -ac 2 - -ntsc: --f dv --s 720x480 -pix_fmt yuv411p -r 30000/1001 --ar 48000 -ac 2 - -film: --f dv --s 720x480 -pix_fmt yuv411p -r 24000/1001 --ar 48000 -ac 2 -
The dv50 target is identical to the dv target except that the pixel format set is yuv422p for all three standards.
-
Any user-set value for a parameter above will override the target preset value. In that case, the output may -not comply with the target standard. -
-As an input option, blocks all data streams of a file from being filtered or
-being automatically selected or mapped for any output. See -discard
-option to disable streams individually.
-
As an output option, disables data recording i.e. automatic selection or
-mapping of any data stream. For full manual control see the -map
-option.
-
Set the number of data frames to output. This is an obsolete alias for
--frames:d, which you should use instead.
-
Stop writing to the stream after framecount frames. -
-Use fixed quality scale (VBR). The meaning of q/qscale is -codec-dependent. -If qscale is used without a stream_specifier then it applies only -to the video stream, this is to maintain compatibility with previous behavior -and as specifying the same codec specific value to 2 different codecs that is -audio and video generally is not what is intended when no stream_specifier is -used. -
-Create the filtergraph specified by filtergraph and use it to -filter the stream. -
-filtergraph is a description of the filtergraph to apply to
-the stream, and must have a single input and a single output of the
-same type of the stream. In the filtergraph, the input is associated
-to the label in, and the output to the label out. See
-the ffmpeg-filters manual for more information about the filtergraph
-syntax.
-
See the -filter_complex option if you -want to create filtergraphs with multiple inputs and/or outputs. -
-This boolean option determines if the filtergraph(s) to which this stream is fed gets
-reinitialized when input frame parameters change mid-stream. This option is enabled by
-default as most video and all audio filters cannot handle deviation in input frame properties.
-Upon reinitialization, existing filter state is lost, like e.g. the frame count n
-reference available in some filters. Any frames buffered at time of reinitialization are lost.
-The properties where a change triggers reinitialization are,
-for video, frame resolution or pixel format;
-for audio, sample format, sample rate, channel count or channel layout.
-
Defines how many threads are used to process a filter pipeline. Each pipeline -will produce a thread pool with this many threads available for parallel processing. -The default is the number of available CPUs. -
-Specify the preset for matching stream(s). -
-Log encoding progress/statistics as "info"-level log (see -loglevel).
-It is on by default, to explicitly disable it you need to specify -nostats.
-
Set period at which encoding progress/statistics are updated. Default is 0.5 seconds. -
-Send program-friendly progress information to url. -
-Progress information is written periodically and at the end of -the encoding process. It is made of "key=value" lines. key -consists of only alphanumeric characters. The last key of a sequence of -progress information is always "progress" with the value "continue" or "end". -
-The update period is set using -stats_period.
-
For example, log progress information to stdout: -
-ffmpeg -progress pipe:1 -i in.mkv out.mkv -
Enable interaction on standard input. On by default unless standard input is
-used as an input. To explicitly disable interaction you need to specify
--nostdin.
-
Disabling interaction on standard input is useful, for example, if
-ffmpeg is in the background process group. Roughly the same result can
-be achieved with ffmpeg ... < /dev/null but it requires a
-shell.
-
Print timestamp/latency information. It is off by default. This option is -mostly useful for testing and debugging purposes, and the output -format may change from one version to another, so it should not be -employed by portable scripts. -
-See also the option -fdebug ts.
-
Add an attachment to the output file. This is supported by a few formats
-like Matroska for e.g. fonts used in rendering subtitles. Attachments
-are implemented as a specific type of stream, so this option will add
-a new stream to the file. It is then possible to use per-stream options
-on this stream in the usual way. Attachment streams created with this
-option will be created after all the other streams (i.e. those created
-with -map or automatic mappings).
-
Note that for Matroska you also have to set the mimetype metadata tag: -
ffmpeg -i INPUT -attach DejaVuSans.ttf -metadata:s:2 mimetype=application/x-truetype-font out.mkv -
(assuming that the attachment stream will be third in the output file). -
-Extract the matching attachment stream into a file named filename. If
-filename is empty, then the value of the filename metadata tag
-will be used.
-
E.g. to extract the first attachment to a file named ’out.ttf’: -
ffmpeg -dump_attachment:t:0 out.ttf -i INPUT -
To extract all attachments to files determined by the filename tag:
-
ffmpeg -dump_attachment:t "" -i INPUT -
Technical note – attachments are implemented as codec extradata, so this -option can actually be used to extract extradata from any stream, not just -attachments. -
Set the number of video frames to output. This is an obsolete alias for
--frames:v, which you should use instead.
-
Set frame rate (Hz value, fraction or abbreviation). -
-As an input option, ignore any timestamps stored in the file and instead -generate timestamps assuming constant frame rate fps. -This is not the same as the -framerate option used for some input formats -like image2 or v4l2 (it used to be the same in older versions of FFmpeg). -If in doubt use -framerate instead of the input option -r. -
-As an output option: -
Duplicate or drop frames right before encoding them to achieve constant output -frame rate fps. -
-Indicate to the muxer that fps is the stream frame rate. No data is
-dropped or duplicated in this case. This may produce invalid files if fps
-does not match the actual stream frame rate as determined by packet timestamps.
-See also the setts bitstream filter.
-
Set maximum frame rate (Hz value, fraction or abbreviation). -
-Clamps output frame rate when output framerate is auto-set and is higher than this value.
-Useful in batch processing or when input framerate is wrongly detected as very high.
-It cannot be set together with -r. It is ignored during streamcopy.
-
Set frame size. -
-As an input option, this is a shortcut for the video_size private -option, recognized by some demuxers for which the frame size is either not -stored in the file or is configurable – e.g. raw video or video grabbers. -
-As an output option, this inserts the scale video filter to the
-end of the corresponding filtergraph. Please use the scale filter
-directly to insert it at the beginning or some other place.
-
The format is ‘wxh’ (default - same as source). -
-Set the video display aspect ratio specified by aspect. -
-aspect can be a floating point number string, or a string of the -form num:den, where num and den are the -numerator and denominator of the aspect ratio. For example "4:3", -"16:9", "1.3333", and "1.7777" are valid argument values. -
-If used together with -vcodec copy, it will affect the aspect ratio -stored at container level, but not the aspect ratio stored in encoded -frames, if it exists. -
-Set video rotation metadata. -
-rotation is a decimal number specifying the amount in degree by -which the video should be rotated counter-clockwise before being -displayed. -
-This option overrides the rotation/display transform metadata stored in
-the file, if any. When the video is being transcoded (rather than
-copied) and -autorotate is enabled, the video will be rotated at
-the filtering stage. Otherwise, the metadata will be written into the
-output file if the muxer supports it.
-
If the -display_hflip and/or -display_vflip options are
-given, they are applied after the rotation specified by this option.
-
Set whether on display the image should be horizontally flipped. -
-See the -display_rotation option for more details.
-
Set whether on display the image should be vertically flipped. -
-See the -display_rotation option for more details.
-
As an input option, blocks all video streams of a file from being filtered or
-being automatically selected or mapped for any output. See -discard
-option to disable streams individually.
-
As an output option, disables video recording i.e. automatic selection or
-mapping of any video stream. For full manual control see the -map
-option.
-
Set the video codec. This is an alias for -codec:v.
-
Select the pass number (1 or 2). It is used to do two-pass -video encoding. The statistics of the video are recorded in the first -pass into a log file (see also the option -passlogfile), -and in the second pass that log file is used to generate the video -at the exact requested bitrate. -On pass 1, you may just deactivate audio and set output to null, -examples for Windows and Unix: -
ffmpeg -i foo.mov -c:v libxvid -pass 1 -an -f rawvideo -y NUL -ffmpeg -i foo.mov -c:v libxvid -pass 1 -an -f rawvideo -y /dev/null -
Set two-pass log file name prefix to prefix, the default file name -prefix is “ffmpeg2pass”. The complete file name will be -PREFIX-N.log, where N is a number specific to the output -stream -
-Create the filtergraph specified by filtergraph and use it to -filter the stream. -
-This is an alias for -filter:v, see the -filter option.
-
Automatically rotate the video according to file metadata. Enabled by -default, use -noautorotate to disable it. -
-Automatically scale the video according to the resolution of first frame. -Enabled by default, use -noautoscale to disable it. When autoscale is -disabled, all output frames of filter graph might not be in the same resolution -and may be inadequate for some encoder/muxer. Therefore, it is not recommended -to disable it unless you really know what you are doing. -Disable autoscale at your own risk. -
Set pixel format. Use -pix_fmts to show all the supported
-pixel formats.
-If the selected pixel format can not be selected, ffmpeg will print a
-warning and select the best pixel format supported by the encoder.
-If pix_fmt is prefixed by a +, ffmpeg will exit with an error
-if the requested pixel format can not be selected, and automatic conversions
-inside filtergraphs are disabled.
-If pix_fmt is a single +, ffmpeg selects the same pixel format
-as the input (or graph output) and automatic conversions are disabled.
-
Set default flags for the libswscale library. These flags are used by
-automatically inserted scale filters and those within simple
-filtergraphs, if not overridden within the filtergraph definition.
-
See the ffmpeg-scaler manual for a list -of scaler options. -
-Rate control override for specific intervals, formatted as "int,int,int" -list separated with slashes. Two first values are the beginning and -end frame numbers, last one is quantizer to use if positive, or quality -factor if negative. -
-Dump video coding statistics to vstats_HHMMSS.log. See the -vstats file format section for the format description. -
-Dump video coding statistics to file. See the -vstats file format section for the format description. -
-Specify which version of the vstats format to use. Default is 2. See the
-vstats file format section for the format description.
-
Force video tag/fourcc. This is an alias for -tag:v.
-
force_key_frames can take arguments of the following form: -
-If the argument consists of timestamps, ffmpeg will round the specified times to the nearest
-output timestamp as per the encoder time base and force a keyframe at the first frame having
-timestamp equal or greater than the computed timestamp. Note that if the encoder time base is too
-coarse, then the keyframes may be forced on frames with timestamps lower than the specified time.
-The default encoder time base is the inverse of the output framerate but may be set otherwise
-via -enc_time_base.
-
If one of the times is "chapters[delta]", it is expanded into
-the time of the beginning of all chapters in the file, shifted by
-delta, expressed as a time in seconds.
-This option can be useful to ensure that a seek point is present at a
-chapter mark or any other designated place in the output file.
-
For example, to insert a key frame at 5 minutes, plus key frames 0.1 second -before the beginning of every chapter: -
-force_key_frames 0:05:00,chapters-0.1 -
If the argument is prefixed with expr:, the string expr
-is interpreted like an expression and is evaluated for each frame. A
-key frame is forced in case the evaluation is non-zero.
-
The expression in expr can contain the following constants: -
the number of current processed frame, starting from 0 -
the number of forced frames -
the number of the previous forced frame, it is NAN when no
-keyframe was forced yet
-
the time of the previous forced frame, it is NAN when no
-keyframe was forced yet
-
the time of the current processed frame -
For example to force a key frame every 5 seconds, you can specify: -
-force_key_frames expr:gte(t,n_forced*5) -
To force a key frame 5 seconds after the time of the last forced one, -starting from second 13: -
-force_key_frames expr:if(isnan(prev_forced_t),gte(t,13),gte(t,prev_forced_t+5)) -
If the argument is source, ffmpeg will force a key frame if
-the current frame being encoded is marked as a key frame in its source.
-In cases where this particular source frame has to be dropped,
-enforce the next available frame to become a key frame instead.
-
Note that forcing too many keyframes is very harmful for the lookahead -algorithms of certain encoders: using fixed-GOP options or similar -would be more efficient. -
-Automatically crop the video after decoding according to file metadata. -Default is all. -
-Don’t apply any cropping metadata. -
Apply both codec and container level croppping. This is the default mode. -
Apply codec level croppping. -
Apply container level croppping. -
When doing stream copy, copy also non-key frames found at the -beginning. -
-Initialise a new hardware device of type type called name, using the -given device parameters. -If no name is specified it will receive a default name of the form "type%d". -
-The meaning of device and the following arguments depends on the -device type: -
device is the number of the CUDA device. -
-The following options are recognized: -
If set to 1, uses the primary device context instead of creating a new one. -
Examples: -
Choose the second device on the system. -
-Choose the first device and use the primary device context. -
device is the number of the Direct3D 9 display adapter. -
-device is the number of the Direct3D 11 display adapter. -If not specified, it will attempt to use the default Direct3D 11 display adapter -or the first Direct3D 11 display adapter whose hardware VendorId is specified -by ‘vendor_id’. -
-Examples: -
Create a d3d11va device on the default Direct3D 11 display adapter. -
-Create a d3d11va device on the Direct3D 11 display adapter specified by index 1. -
-Create a d3d11va device on the first Direct3D 11 display adapter whose hardware VendorId is 0x8086. -
device is either an X11 display name, a DRM render node or a DirectX adapter index. -If not specified, it will attempt to open the default X11 display ($DISPLAY) -and then the first DRM render node (/dev/dri/renderD128), or the default -DirectX adapter on Windows. -
-The following options are recognized: -
When device is not specified, use this option to specify the name of the kernel -driver associated with the desired device. This option is available only when -the hardware acceleration method drm and vaapi are enabled. -
When device and kernel_driver are not specified, use this option to specify -the vendor id associated with the desired device. This option is available only when the -hardware acceleration method drm and vaapi are enabled and kernel_driver -is not specified. -
Examples: -
Create a vaapi device on the default device. -
-Create a vaapi device on DRM render node /dev/dri/renderD129. -
-Create a vaapi device on DirectX adapter 1. -
-Create a vaapi device on a device associated with kernel driver ‘i915’. -
-Create a vaapi device on a device associated with vendor id ‘0x8086’. -
device is an X11 display name. -If not specified, it will attempt to open the default X11 display ($DISPLAY). -
-device selects a value in ‘MFX_IMPL_*’. Allowed values are: -
If not specified, ‘auto_any’ is used. -(Note that it may be easier to achieve the desired result for QSV by creating the -platform-appropriate subdevice (‘dxva2’ or ‘d3d11va’ or ‘vaapi’) and then deriving a -QSV device from that.) -
-The following options are recognized: -
Specify a DRM render node on Linux or DirectX adapter on Windows. -
Choose platform-appropriate subdevice type. On Windows ‘d3d11va’ is used
-as default subdevice type when --enable-libvpl is specified at configuration time,
-‘dxva2’ is used as default subdevice type when --enable-libmfx is specified at
-configuration time. On Linux user can use ‘vaapi’ only as subdevice type.
-
Examples: -
Create a QSV device with ‘MFX_IMPL_HARDWARE’ on DRM render node /dev/dri/renderD129. -
-Create a QSV device with ‘MFX_IMPL_HARDWARE’ on DirectX adapter 1. -
-Choose the GPU subdevice with type ‘d3d11va’ and create QSV device with ‘MFX_IMPL_HARDWARE’. -
-Choose the GPU subdevice with type ‘dxva2’ and create QSV device with ‘MFX_IMPL_HARDWARE’. -
-Create a QSV device with ‘MFX_IMPL_HARDWARE’ on DirectX adapter 1 with subdevice type ‘d3d11va’. -
-Create a VAAPI device called ‘va’ on /dev/dri/renderD129, then derive a QSV device called ‘hw1’ -from device ‘va’. -
-device selects the platform and device as platform_index.device_index. -
-The set of devices can also be filtered using the key-value pairs to find only -devices matching particular platform or device strings. -
-The strings usable as filters are: -
The indices and filters must together uniquely select a device. -
-Examples: -
Choose the second device on the first platform. -
-Choose the device with a name containing the string Foo9000. -
-Choose the GPU device on the second platform supporting the cl_khr_fp16 -extension. -
If device is an integer, it selects the device by its index in a -system-dependent list of devices. If device is any other string, it -selects the first device with a name containing that string as a substring. -
-The following options are recognized: -
If set to 1, enables the validation layer, if installed. -
If set to 1, images allocated by the hwcontext will be linear and locally mappable. -
A plus separated list of additional instance extensions to enable. -
A plus separated list of additional device extensions to enable. -
Examples: -
Choose the second device on the system. -
-Choose the first device with a name containing the string RADV. -
-Choose the first device and enable the Wayland and XCB instance extensions. -
Initialise a new hardware device of type type called name, -deriving it from the existing device with the name source. -
-List all hardware device types supported in this build of ffmpeg. -
-Pass the hardware device called name to all filters in any filter graph.
-This can be used to set the device to upload to with the hwupload filter,
-or the device to map to with the hwmap filter. Other filters may also
-make use of this parameter when they require a hardware device. Note that this
-is typically only required when the input is not already in hardware frames -
-when it is, filters will derive the device they require from the context of the
-frames they receive as input.
-
This is a global setting, so all filters will receive the same device. -
-Use hardware acceleration to decode the matching stream(s). The allowed values -of hwaccel are: -
Do not use any hardware acceleration (the default). -
-Automatically select the hardware acceleration method. -
-Use VDPAU (Video Decode and Presentation API for Unix) hardware acceleration. -
-Use DXVA2 (DirectX Video Acceleration) hardware acceleration. -
-Use D3D11VA (DirectX Video Acceleration) hardware acceleration. -
-Use VAAPI (Video Acceleration API) hardware acceleration. -
-Use the Intel QuickSync Video acceleration for video transcoding. -
-Unlike most other values, this option does not enable accelerated decoding (that -is used automatically whenever a qsv decoder is selected), but accelerated -transcoding, without copying the frames into the system memory. -
-For it to work, both the decoder and the encoder must support QSV acceleration -and no filters must be used. -
This option has no effect if the selected hwaccel is not available or not -supported by the chosen decoder. -
-Note that most acceleration methods are intended for playback and will not be
-faster than software decoding on modern CPUs. Additionally, ffmpeg
-will usually need to copy the decoded frames from the GPU memory into the system
-memory, resulting in further performance loss. This option is thus mainly
-useful for testing.
-
Select a device to use for hardware acceleration. -
-This option only makes sense when the -hwaccel option is also specified. -It can either refer to an existing device created with -init_hw_device -by name, or it can create a new device as if -‘-init_hw_device’ type:hwaccel_device -were called immediately before. -
-List all hardware acceleration components enabled in this build of ffmpeg. -Actual runtime availability depends on the hardware and its suitable driver -being installed. -
-Set a specific output video stream as the heartbeat stream according to which -to split and push through currently in-progress subtitle upon receipt of a -random access packet. -
-This lowers the latency of subtitles for which the end packet or the following -subtitle has not yet been received. As a drawback, this will most likely lead -to duplication of subtitle events in order to cover the full duration, so -when dealing with use cases where latency of when the subtitle event is passed -on to output is not relevant this option should not be utilized. -
-Requires -fix_sub_duration to be set for the relevant input subtitle -stream for this to have any effect, as well as for the input subtitle stream -having to be directly mapped to the same output in which the heartbeat stream -resides. -
-Set the number of audio frames to output. This is an obsolete alias for
--frames:a, which you should use instead.
-
Set the audio sampling frequency. For output streams it is set by -default to the frequency of the corresponding input stream. For input -streams this option only makes sense for audio grabbing devices and raw -demuxers and is mapped to the corresponding demuxer options. -
Set the audio quality (codec-specific, VBR). This is an alias for -q:a. -
Set the number of audio channels. For output streams it is set by -default to the number of input audio channels. For input streams -this option only makes sense for audio grabbing devices and raw demuxers -and is mapped to the corresponding demuxer options. -
As an input option, blocks all audio streams of a file from being filtered or
-being automatically selected or mapped for any output. See -discard
-option to disable streams individually.
-
As an output option, disables audio recording i.e. automatic selection or
-mapping of any audio stream. For full manual control see the -map
-option.
-
Set the audio codec. This is an alias for -codec:a.
-
Set the audio sample format. Use -sample_fmts to get a list
-of supported sample formats.
-
Create the filtergraph specified by filtergraph and use it to -filter the stream. -
-This is an alias for -filter:a, see the -filter option.
-
Force audio tag/fourcc. This is an alias for -tag:a.
-
Alias for -channel_layout.
-
Set the audio channel layout. For output streams it is set by default to the -input channel layout. For input streams it overrides the channel layout of the -input. Not all decoders respect the overridden channel layout. This option -also sets the channel layout for audio grabbing devices and raw demuxers -and is mapped to the corresponding demuxer option. -
If some input channel layout is not known, try to guess only if it
-corresponds to at most the specified number of channels. For example, 2
-tells to ffmpeg to recognize 1 channel as mono and 2 channels as
-stereo but not 6 channels as 5.1. The default is to always try to guess. Use
-0 to disable all guessing. Using the -channel_layout option to
-explicitly specify an input layout also disables guessing.
-
Set the subtitle codec. This is an alias for -codec:s.
-
As an input option, blocks all subtitle streams of a file from being filtered or
-being automatically selected or mapped for any output. See -discard
-option to disable streams individually.
-
As an output option, disables subtitle recording i.e. automatic selection or
-mapping of any subtitle stream. For full manual control see the -map
-option.
-
Fix subtitles durations. For each subtitle, wait for the next packet in the -same stream and adjust the duration of the first to avoid overlap. This is -necessary with some subtitles codecs, especially DVB subtitles, because the -duration in the original packet is only a rough estimate and the end is -actually marked by an empty subtitle frame. Failing to use this option when -necessary can result in exaggerated durations or muxing failures due to -non-monotonic timestamps. -
-Note that this option will delay the output of all data until the next -subtitle packet is decoded: it may increase memory consumption and latency a -lot. -
-Set the size of the canvas used to render subtitles. -
-Create one or more streams in the output file. This option has two forms for
-specifying the data source(s): the first selects one or more streams from some
-input file (specified with -i), the second takes an output from some
-complex filtergraph (specified with -filter_complex).
-
In the first form, an output stream is created for every stream from the input -file with the index input_file_id. If stream_specifier is given, -only those streams that match the specifier are used (see the -Stream specifiers section for the stream_specifier syntax). -
-A - character before the stream identifier creates a "negative" mapping.
-It disables matching streams from already created mappings.
-
An optional view_specifier may be given after the stream specifier, which -for multiview video specifies the view to be used. The view specifier may have -one of the following formats: -
select a view by its ID; view_id may be set to ’all’ to use all the views -interleaved into one stream; -
-select a view by its index; i.e. 0 is the base view, 1 is the first non-base -view, etc. -
-select a view by its display position; position may be left or
-right
-
The default for transcoding is to only use the base view, i.e. the equivalent of
-vidx:0. For streamcopy, view specifiers are not supported and all views
-are always copied.
-
A trailing ? after the stream index will allow the map to be
-optional: if the map matches no streams the map will be ignored instead
-of failing. Note the map will still fail if an invalid input file index
-is used; such as if the map refers to a non-existent input.
-
An alternative [linklabel] form will map outputs from complex filter -graphs (see the -filter_complex option) to the output file. -linklabel must correspond to a defined output link label in the graph. -
-This option may be specified multiple times, each adding more streams to the
-output file. Any given input stream may also be mapped any number of times as a
-source for different output streams, e.g. in order to use different encoding
-options and/or filters. The streams are created in the output in the same order
-in which the -map options are given on the commandline.
-
Using this option disables the default mappings for this output file. -
-Examples: -
-To map ALL streams from the first input file to output -
ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0 output -
If you have two audio streams in the first input file, these streams are
-identified by 0:0 and 0:1. You can use -map to select which
-streams to place in an output file. For example:
-
ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0:1 out.wav -
will map the second input stream in INPUT to the (single) output stream -in out.wav. -
-To select the stream with index 2 from input file a.mov (specified by the -identifier 0:2), and stream with index 6 from input b.mov -(specified by the identifier 1:6), and copy them to the output file -out.mov: -
ffmpeg -i a.mov -i b.mov -c copy -map 0:2 -map 1:6 out.mov -
To select all video and the third audio stream from an input file: -
ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0:v -map 0:a:2 OUTPUT -
To map all the streams except the second audio, use negative mappings -
ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0 -map -0:a:1 OUTPUT -
To map the video and audio streams from the first input, and using the
-trailing ?, ignore the audio mapping if no audio streams exist in
-the first input:
-
ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0:v -map 0:a? OUTPUT -
To pick the English audio stream: -
ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0:m:language:eng OUTPUT -
Ignore input streams with unknown type instead of failing if copying -such streams is attempted. -
-Allow input streams with unknown type to be copied instead of failing if copying -such streams is attempted. -
-Set metadata information of the next output file from infile. Note that -those are file indices (zero-based), not filenames. -Optional metadata_spec_in/out parameters specify, which metadata to copy. -A metadata specifier can have the following forms: -
global metadata, i.e. metadata that applies to the whole file -
-per-stream metadata. stream_spec is a stream specifier as described -in the Stream specifiers chapter. In an input metadata specifier, the first -matching stream is copied from. In an output metadata specifier, all matching -streams are copied to. -
-per-chapter metadata. chapter_index is the zero-based chapter index. -
-per-program metadata. program_index is the zero-based program index. -
If metadata specifier is omitted, it defaults to global. -
-By default, global metadata is copied from the first input file, -per-stream and per-chapter metadata is copied along with streams/chapters. These -default mappings are disabled by creating any mapping of the relevant type. A negative -file index can be used to create a dummy mapping that just disables automatic copying. -
-For example to copy metadata from the first stream of the input file to global metadata -of the output file: -
ffmpeg -i in.ogg -map_metadata 0:s:0 out.mp3 -
To do the reverse, i.e. copy global metadata to all audio streams: -
ffmpeg -i in.mkv -map_metadata:s:a 0:g out.mkv -
Note that simple 0 would work as well in this example, since global
-metadata is assumed by default.
-
Copy chapters from input file with index input_file_index to the next -output file. If no chapter mapping is specified, then chapters are copied from -the first input file with at least one chapter. Use a negative file index to -disable any chapter copying. -
-Show benchmarking information at the end of an encode. -Shows real, system and user time used and maximum memory consumption. -Maximum memory consumption is not supported on all systems, -it will usually display as 0 if not supported. -
Show benchmarking information during the encode. -Shows real, system and user time used in various steps (audio/video encode/decode). -
Exit after ffmpeg has been running for duration seconds in CPU user time. -
Dump each input packet to stderr. -
When dumping packets, also dump the payload. -
Limit input read speed. -
-Its value is a floating-point positive number which represents the maximum duration of
-media, in seconds, that should be ingested in one second of wallclock time.
-Default value is zero and represents no imposed limitation on speed of ingestion.
-Value 1 represents real-time speed and is equivalent to -re.
-
Mainly used to simulate a capture device or live input stream (e.g. when reading from a file). -Should not be used with a low value when input is an actual capture device or live stream as -it may cause packet loss. -
-It is useful for when flow speed of output packets is important, such as live streaming. -
Read input at native frame rate. This is equivalent to setting -readrate 1.
-
Set an initial read burst time, in seconds, after which -re/-readrate -will be enforced. -
Set video sync method / framerate mode. vsync is applied to all output video streams -but can be overridden for a stream by setting fps_mode. vsync is deprecated and will be -removed in the future. -
-For compatibility reasons some of the values for vsync can be specified as numbers (shown -in parentheses in the following table). -
-Each frame is passed with its timestamp from the demuxer to the muxer. -
Frames will be duplicated and dropped to achieve exactly the requested -constant frame rate. -
Frames are passed through with their timestamp or dropped so as to -prevent 2 frames from having the same timestamp. -
Chooses between cfr and vfr depending on muxer capabilities. This is the -default method. -
Note that the timestamps may be further modified by the muxer, after this. -For example, in the case that the format option avoid_negative_ts -is enabled. -
-With -map you can select from which stream the timestamps should be -taken. You can leave either video or audio unchanged and sync the -remaining stream(s) to the unchanged one. -
-Frame drop threshold, which specifies how much behind video frames can -be before they are dropped. In frame rate units, so 1.0 is one frame. -The default is -1.1. One possible usecase is to avoid framedrops in case -of noisy timestamps or to increase frame drop precision in case of exact -timestamps. -
-Pad the output audio stream(s). This is the same as applying -af apad.
-Argument is a string of filter parameters composed the same as with the apad filter.
--shortest must be set for this output for the option to take effect.
-
Do not process input timestamps, but keep their values without trying -to sanitize them. In particular, do not remove the initial start time -offset value. -
-Note that, depending on the vsync option or on specific muxer -processing (e.g. in case the format option avoid_negative_ts -is enabled) the output timestamps may mismatch with the input -timestamps even when this option is selected. -
-When used with copyts, shift input timestamps so they start at zero. -
-This means that using e.g. -ss 50 will make output timestamps start at
-50 seconds, regardless of what timestamp the input file started at.
-
Specify how to set the encoder timebase when stream copying. mode is an -integer numeric value, and can assume one of the following values: -
-Use the demuxer timebase. -
-The time base is copied to the output encoder from the corresponding input -demuxer. This is sometimes required to avoid non monotonically increasing -timestamps when copying video streams with variable frame rate. -
-Use the decoder timebase. -
-The time base is copied to the output encoder from the corresponding input -decoder. -
-Try to make the choice automatically, in order to generate a sane output. -
Default value is -1. -
-Set the encoder timebase. timebase can assume one of the following values: -
-Assign a default value according to the media type. -
-For video - use 1/framerate, for audio - use 1/samplerate. -
-Use the timebase from the demuxer. -
-Use the timebase from the filtergraph. -
-Use the provided number as the timebase. -
-This field can be provided as a ratio of two integers (e.g. 1:24, 1:48000) -or as a decimal number (e.g. 0.04166, 2.0833e-5) -
Default value is 0. -
-Enable bitexact mode for (de)muxer and (de/en)coder -
Finish encoding when the shortest output stream ends. -
-Note that this option may require buffering frames, which introduces extra
-latency. The maximum amount of this latency may be controlled with the
--shortest_buf_duration option.
-
The -shortest option may require buffering potentially large amounts
-of data when at least one of the streams is "sparse" (i.e. has large gaps
-between frames – this is typically the case for subtitles).
-
This option controls the maximum duration of buffered frames in seconds.
-Larger values may allow the -shortest option to produce more accurate
-results, but increase memory use and latency.
-
The default value is 10 seconds. -
-Timestamp discontinuity delta threshold, expressed as a decimal number -of seconds. -
-The timestamp discontinuity correction enabled by this option is only
-applied to input formats accepting timestamp discontinuity (for which
-the AVFMT_TS_DISCONT flag is enabled), e.g. MPEG-TS and HLS, and
-is automatically disabled when employing the -copyts option
-(unless wrapping is detected).
-
If a timestamp discontinuity is detected whose absolute value is -greater than threshold, ffmpeg will remove the discontinuity by -decreasing/increasing the current DTS and PTS by the corresponding -delta value. -
-The default value is 10. -
-Timestamp error delta threshold, expressed as a decimal number of -seconds. -
-The timestamp correction enabled by this option is only applied to
-input formats not accepting timestamp discontinuity (for which the
-AVFMT_TS_DISCONT flag is not enabled).
-
If a timestamp discontinuity is detected whose absolute value is -greater than threshold, ffmpeg will drop the PTS/DTS timestamp -value. -
-The default value is 3600*30 (30 hours), which is arbitrarily
-picked and quite conservative.
-
Set the maximum demux-decode delay. -
Set the initial demux-decode delay. -
Assign a new stream-id value to an output stream. This option should be -specified prior to the output filename to which it applies. -For the situation where multiple output files exist, a streamid -may be reassigned to a different value. -
-For example, to set the stream 0 PID to 33 and the stream 1 PID to 36 for -an output mpegts file: -
ffmpeg -i inurl -streamid 0:33 -streamid 1:36 out.ts -
Apply bitstream filters to matching streams. The filters are applied to each -packet as it is received from the demuxer (when used as an input option) or -before it is sent to the muxer (when used as an output option). -
-bitstream_filters is a comma-separated list of bitstream filter -specifications, each of the form -
filter[=optname0=optval0:optname1=optval1:...] -
Any of the ’,=:’ characters that are to be a part of an option value need to be -escaped with a backslash. -
-Use the -bsfs option to get the list of bitstream filters.
-
E.g. -
ffmpeg -bsf:v h264_mp4toannexb -i h264.mp4 -c:v copy -an out.h264 -
applies the h264_mp4toannexb bitstream filter (which converts
-MP4-encapsulated H.264 stream to Annex B) to the input video stream.
-
On the other hand, -
ffmpeg -i file.mov -an -vn -bsf:s mov2textsub -c:s copy -f rawvideo sub.txt -
applies the mov2textsub bitstream filter (which extracts text from MOV
-subtitles) to the output subtitle stream. Note, however, that since both
-examples use -c copy, it matters little whether the filters are applied
-on input or output - that would change if transcoding was happening.
-
Force a tag/fourcc for matching streams. -
-Specify Timecode for writing. SEP is ’:’ for non drop timecode and ’;’ -(or ’.’) for drop. -
ffmpeg -i input.mpg -timecode 01:02:03.04 -r 30000/1001 -s ntsc output.mpg -
Define a complex filtergraph, i.e. one with arbitrary number of inputs and/or -outputs. For simple graphs – those with one input and one output of the same -type – see the -filter options. filtergraph is a description of -the filtergraph, as described in the “Filtergraph syntax” section of the -ffmpeg-filters manual. This option may be specified multiple times - each use -creates a new complex filtergraph. -
-Inputs to a complex filtergraph may come from different source types, -distinguished by the format of the corresponding link label: -
[file_index:stream_specifier] (i.e. the
-same syntax as -map). If stream_specifier matches multiple
-streams, the first one will be used. For multiview video, the stream specifier
-may be followed by the view specifier, see documentation for the -map
-option for its syntax.
-
-ffmpeg -i input.mkv \ - -filter_complex '[0:v]scale=size=hd1080,split=outputs=2[for_enc][orig_scaled]' \ - -c:v libx264 -map '[for_enc]' output.mkv \ - -dec 0:0 \ - -filter_complex '[dec:0][orig_scaled]hstack[stacked]' \ - -map '[stacked]' -c:v ffv1 comparison.mkv -
reads an input video and -
libx264 and writes the result to
-output.mkv;
-
-libx264-encoded video) side by side with the scaled original input;
-
-Note that the two filtergraphs cannot be combined into one, because then there -would be a cycle in the transcoding pipeline (filtergraph output goes to -encoding, from there to decoding, then back to the same graph), and such cycles -are not allowed. -
-An unlabeled input will be connected to the first unused input stream of the -matching type. -
-Output link labels are referred to with -map. Unlabeled outputs are -added to the first output file. -
-Note that with this option it is possible to use only lavfi sources without -normal input files. -
-For example, to overlay an image over video -
ffmpeg -i video.mkv -i image.png -filter_complex '[0:v][1:v]overlay[out]' -map -'[out]' out.mkv -
Here [0:v] refers to the first video stream in the first input file,
-which is linked to the first (main) input of the overlay filter. Similarly the
-first video stream in the second input is linked to the second (overlay) input
-of overlay.
-
Assuming there is only one video stream in each input file, we can omit input -labels, so the above is equivalent to -
ffmpeg -i video.mkv -i image.png -filter_complex 'overlay[out]' -map -'[out]' out.mkv -
Furthermore we can omit the output label and the single output from the filter -graph will be added to the output file automatically, so we can simply write -
ffmpeg -i video.mkv -i image.png -filter_complex 'overlay' out.mkv -
As a special exception, you can use a bitmap subtitle stream as input: it -will be converted into a video with the same size as the largest video in -the file, or 720x576 if no video is present. Note that this is an -experimental and temporary solution. It will be removed once libavfilter has -proper support for subtitles. -
-For example, to hardcode subtitles on top of a DVB-T recording stored in -MPEG-TS format, delaying the subtitles by 1 second: -
ffmpeg -i input.ts -filter_complex \ - '[#0x2ef] setpts=PTS+1/TB [sub] ; [#0x2d0] [sub] overlay' \ - -sn -map '#0x2dc' output.mkv -
(0x2d0, 0x2dc and 0x2ef are the MPEG-TS PIDs of respectively the video, -audio and subtitles streams; 0:0, 0:3 and 0:7 would have worked too) -
-To generate 5 seconds of pure red video using lavfi color source:
-
ffmpeg -filter_complex 'color=c=red' -t 5 out.mkv -
Defines how many threads are used to process a filter_complex graph.
-Similar to filter_threads but used for -filter_complex graphs only.
-The default is the number of available CPUs.
-
Define a complex filtergraph, i.e. one with arbitrary number of inputs and/or -outputs. Equivalent to -filter_complex. -
-This option enables or disables accurate seeking in input files with the --ss option. It is enabled by default, so seeking is accurate when -transcoding. Use -noaccurate_seek to disable it, which may be useful -e.g. when copying some streams and transcoding the others. -
-This option enables or disables seeking by timestamp in input files with the --ss option. It is disabled by default. If enabled, the argument -to the -ss option is considered an actual timestamp, and is not -offset by the start time of the file. This matters only for files which do -not start from timestamp 0, such as transport streams. -
-For input, this option sets the maximum number of queued packets when reading -from the file or device. With low latency / high rate live streams, packets may -be discarded if they are not read in a timely manner; setting this value can -force ffmpeg to use a separate input thread and read packets as soon as they -arrive. By default ffmpeg only does this if multiple inputs are specified. -
-For output, this option specified the maximum number of packets that may be -queued to each muxing thread. -
-Print sdp information for an output stream to file. -This allows dumping sdp information when at least one output isn’t an -rtp stream. (Requires at least one of the output formats to be rtp). -
-Allows discarding specific streams or frames from streams.
-Any input stream can be fully discarded, using value all whereas
-selective discarding of frames from a stream occurs at the demuxer
-and is not supported by all demuxers.
-
Discard no frame. -
-Default, which discards no frames. -
-Discard all non-reference frames. -
-Discard all bidirectional frames. -
-Discard all frames excepts keyframes. -
-Discard all frames. -
Stop and abort on various conditions. The following flags are available: -
-No packets were passed to the muxer, the output is empty. -
No packets were passed to the muxer in some of the output streams. -
Set fraction of decoding frame failures across all inputs which when crossed -ffmpeg will return exit code 69. Crossing this threshold does not terminate -processing. Range is a floating-point number between 0 to 1. Default is 2/3. -
-Stop and exit on error -
-When transcoding audio and/or video streams, ffmpeg will not begin writing into -the output until it has one packet for each such stream. While waiting for that -to happen, packets for other streams are buffered. This option sets the size of -this buffer, in packets, for the matching output stream. -
-The default value of this option should be high enough for most uses, so only -touch this option if you are sure that you need it. -
-This is a minimum threshold until which the muxing queue size is not taken into -account. Defaults to 50 megabytes per stream, and is based on the overall size -of packets passed to the muxer. -
-Enable automatically inserting format conversion filters in all filter
-graphs, including those defined by -vf, -af,
--filter_complex and -lavfi. If filter format negotiation
-requires a conversion, the initialization of the filters will fail.
-Conversions can still be performed by inserting the relevant conversion
-filter (scale, aresample) in the graph.
-On by default, to explicitly disable it you need to specify
--noauto_conversion_filters.
-
Declare the number of bits per raw sample in the given output stream to be -value. Note that this option sets the information provided to the -encoder/muxer, it does not change the stream to conform to this value. Setting -values that do not match the stream properties may result in encoding failures -or invalid output files. -
-Write per-frame encoding information about the matching streams into the file -given by path. -
--stats_enc_pre writes information about raw video or audio frames right -before they are sent for encoding, while -stats_enc_post writes -information about encoded packets as they are received from the encoder. --stats_mux_pre writes information about packets just as they are about to -be sent to the muxer. Every frame or packet produces one line in the specified -file. The format of this line is controlled by -stats_enc_pre_fmt / --stats_enc_post_fmt / -stats_mux_pre_fmt. -
-When stats for multiple streams are written into a single file, the lines -corresponding to different streams will be interleaved. The precise order of -this interleaving is not specified and not guaranteed to remain stable between -different invocations of the program, even with the same options. -
-Specify the format for the lines written with -stats_enc_pre / --stats_enc_post / -stats_mux_pre. -
-format_spec is a string that may contain directives of the form -{fmt}. format_spec is backslash-escaped — use \{, \}, and \\ -to write a literal {, }, or \, respectively, into the output. -
-The directives given with fmt may be one of the following: -
Index of the output file. -
-Index of the output stream in the file. -
-Frame number. Pre-encoding: number of frames sent to the encoder so far. -Post-encoding: number of packets received from the encoder so far. -Muxing: number of packets submitted to the muxer for this stream so far. -
-Input frame number. Index of the input frame (i.e. output by a decoder) that -corresponds to this output frame or packet. -1 if unavailable. -
-Timebase in which this frame/packet’s timestamps are expressed, as a rational -number num/den. Note that encoder and muxer may use different timebases. -
-Timebase for ptsi, as a rational number num/den. Available when -ptsi is available, 0/1 otherwise. -
-Presentation timestamp of the frame or packet, as an integer. Should be -multiplied by the timebase to compute presentation time. -
-Presentation timestamp of the input frame (see ni), as an integer. Should -be multiplied by tbi to compute presentation time. Printed as -(2^63 - 1 = 9223372036854775807) when not available. -
-Presentation time of the frame or packet, as a decimal number. Equal to -pts multiplied by tb. -
-Presentation time of the input frame (see ni), as a decimal number. Equal -to ptsi multiplied by tbi. Printed as inf when not available. -
-Decoding timestamp of the packet, as an integer. Should be multiplied by the -timebase to compute presentation time. -
-Decoding time of the frame or packet, as a decimal number. Equal to -dts multiplied by tb. -
-Number of audio samples sent to the encoder so far. -
-Number of audio samples in the frame. -
-Size of the encoded packet in bytes. -
-Current bitrate in bits per second. -
-Average bitrate for the whole stream so far, in bits per second, -1 if it cannot -be determined at this point. -
-Character ’K’ if the packet contains a keyframe, character ’N’ otherwise. -
Directives tagged with packet may only be used with --stats_enc_post_fmt and -stats_mux_pre_fmt. -
-Directives tagged with frame may only be used with --stats_enc_pre_fmt. -
-Directives tagged with audio may only be used with audio streams. -
-The default format strings are: -
{fidx} {sidx} {n} {t} -
{fidx} {sidx} {n} {t} -
In the future, new items may be added to the end of the default formatting -strings. Users who depend on the format staying exactly the same, should -prescribe it manually. -
-Note that stats for different streams written into the same file may have -different formats. -
-A preset file contains a sequence of option=value pairs, -one for each line, specifying a sequence of options which would be -awkward to specify on the command line. Lines starting with the hash -(’#’) character are ignored and are used to provide comments. Check -the presets directory in the FFmpeg source tree for examples. -
-There are two types of preset files: ffpreset and avpreset files. -
- -ffpreset files are specified with the vpre, apre,
-spre, and fpre options. The fpre option takes the
-filename of the preset instead of a preset name as input and can be
-used for any kind of codec. For the vpre, apre, and
-spre options, the options specified in a preset file are
-applied to the currently selected codec of the same type as the preset
-option.
-
The argument passed to the vpre, apre, and spre
-preset options identifies the preset file to use according to the
-following rules:
-
First ffmpeg searches for a file named arg.ffpreset in the
-directories $FFMPEG_DATADIR (if set), and $HOME/.ffmpeg, and in
-the datadir defined at configuration time (usually PREFIX/share/ffmpeg)
-or in a ffpresets folder along the executable on win32,
-in that order. For example, if the argument is libvpx-1080p, it will
-search for the file libvpx-1080p.ffpreset.
-
If no such file is found, then ffmpeg will search for a file named
-codec_name-arg.ffpreset in the above-mentioned
-directories, where codec_name is the name of the codec to which
-the preset file options will be applied. For example, if you select
-the video codec with -vcodec libvpx and use -vpre 1080p,
-then it will search for the file libvpx-1080p.ffpreset.
-
avpreset files are specified with the pre option. They work similar to
-ffpreset files, but they only allow encoder- specific options. Therefore, an
-option=value pair specifying an encoder cannot be used.
-
When the pre option is specified, ffmpeg will look for files with the
-suffix .avpreset in the directories $AVCONV_DATADIR (if set), and
-$HOME/.avconv, and in the datadir defined at configuration time (usually
-PREFIX/share/ffmpeg), in that order.
-
First ffmpeg searches for a file named codec_name-arg.avpreset in
-the above-mentioned directories, where codec_name is the name of the codec
-to which the preset file options will be applied. For example, if you select the
-video codec with -vcodec libvpx and use -pre 1080p, then it will
-search for the file libvpx-1080p.avpreset.
-
If no such file is found, then ffmpeg will search for a file named -arg.avpreset in the same directories. -
-The -vstats and -vstats_file options enable generation of a file
-containing statistics about the generated video outputs.
-
The -vstats_version option controls the format version of the generated
-file.
-
With version 1 the format is:
-
frame= FRAME q= FRAME_QUALITY PSNR= PSNR f_size= FRAME_SIZE s_size= STREAM_SIZEkB time= TIMESTAMP br= BITRATEkbits/s avg_br= AVERAGE_BITRATEkbits/s -
With version 2 the format is:
-
out= OUT_FILE_INDEX st= OUT_FILE_STREAM_INDEX frame= FRAME_NUMBER q= FRAME_QUALITYf PSNR= PSNR f_size= FRAME_SIZE s_size= STREAM_SIZEkB time= TIMESTAMP br= BITRATEkbits/s avg_br= AVERAGE_BITRATEkbits/s -
The value corresponding to each key is described below: -
average bitrate expressed in Kbits/s -
-bitrate expressed in Kbits/s -
-number of encoded frame -
-out file index -
-Peak Signal to Noise Ratio -
-quality of the frame -
-encoded packet size expressed as number of bytes -
-stream size expressed in KiB -
-out file stream index -
-time of the packet -
-picture type -
See also the -stats_enc options for an alternative way -to show encoding statistics. -
- -If you specify the input format and device then ffmpeg can grab video -and audio directly. -
-ffmpeg -f oss -i /dev/dsp -f video4linux2 -i /dev/video0 /tmp/out.mpg -
Or with an ALSA audio source (mono input, card id 1) instead of OSS: -
ffmpeg -f alsa -ac 1 -i hw:1 -f video4linux2 -i /dev/video0 /tmp/out.mpg -
Note that you must activate the right video source and channel before -launching ffmpeg with any TV viewer such as -xawtv by Gerd Knorr. You also -have to set the audio recording levels correctly with a -standard mixer. -
-Grab the X11 display with ffmpeg via -
-ffmpeg -f x11grab -video_size cif -framerate 25 -i :0.0 /tmp/out.mpg -
0.0 is display.screen number of your X11 server, same as -the DISPLAY environment variable. -
-ffmpeg -f x11grab -video_size cif -framerate 25 -i :0.0+10,20 /tmp/out.mpg -
0.0 is display.screen number of your X11 server, same as the DISPLAY environment -variable. 10 is the x-offset and 20 the y-offset for the grabbing. -
-Any supported file format and protocol can serve as input to ffmpeg: -
-Examples: -
ffmpeg -i /tmp/test%d.Y /tmp/out.mpg -
It will use the files: -
/tmp/test0.Y, /tmp/test0.U, /tmp/test0.V, -/tmp/test1.Y, /tmp/test1.U, /tmp/test1.V, etc... -
The Y files use twice the resolution of the U and V files. They are -raw files, without header. They can be generated by all decent video -decoders. You must specify the size of the image with the -s option -if ffmpeg cannot guess it. -
-ffmpeg -i /tmp/test.yuv /tmp/out.avi -
test.yuv is a file containing raw YUV planar data. Each frame is composed -of the Y plane followed by the U and V planes at half vertical and -horizontal resolution. -
-ffmpeg -i mydivx.avi hugefile.yuv -
ffmpeg -i /tmp/a.wav -s 640x480 -i /tmp/a.yuv /tmp/a.mpg -
Converts the audio file a.wav and the raw YUV video file a.yuv -to MPEG file a.mpg. -
-ffmpeg -i /tmp/a.wav -ar 22050 /tmp/a.mp2 -
Converts a.wav to MPEG audio at 22050 Hz sample rate. -
-ffmpeg -i /tmp/a.wav -map 0:a -b:a 64k /tmp/a.mp2 -map 0:a -b:a 128k /tmp/b.mp2 -
Converts a.wav to a.mp2 at 64 kbits and to b.mp2 at 128 kbits. ’-map -file:index’ specifies which input stream is used for each output -stream, in the order of the definition of output streams. -
-ffmpeg -i snatch_1.vob -f avi -c:v mpeg4 -b:v 800k -g 300 -bf 2 -c:a libmp3lame -b:a 128k snatch.avi -
This is a typical DVD ripping example; the input is a VOB file, the
-output an AVI file with MPEG-4 video and MP3 audio. Note that in this
-command we use B-frames so the MPEG-4 stream is DivX5 compatible, and
-GOP size is 300 which means one intra frame every 10 seconds for 29.97fps
-input video. Furthermore, the audio stream is MP3-encoded so you need
-to enable LAME support by passing --enable-libmp3lame to configure.
-The mapping is particularly useful for DVD transcoding
-to get the desired audio language.
-
NOTE: To see the supported input formats, use ffmpeg -demuxers.
-
For extracting images from a video: -
ffmpeg -i foo.avi -r 1 -s WxH -f image2 foo-%03d.jpeg -
This will extract one video frame per second from the video and will -output them in files named foo-001.jpeg, foo-002.jpeg, -etc. Images will be rescaled to fit the new WxH values. -
-If you want to extract just a limited number of frames, you can use the
-above command in combination with the -frames:v or -t option,
-or in combination with -ss to start extracting from a certain point in time.
-
For creating a video from many images: -
ffmpeg -f image2 -framerate 12 -i foo-%03d.jpeg -s WxH foo.avi -
The syntax foo-%03d.jpeg specifies to use a decimal number
-composed of three digits padded with zeroes to express the sequence
-number. It is the same syntax supported by the C printf function, but
-only formats accepting a normal integer are suitable.
-
When importing an image sequence, -i also supports expanding
-shell-like wildcard patterns (globbing) internally, by selecting the
-image2-specific -pattern_type glob option.
-
For example, for creating a video from filenames matching the glob pattern
-foo-*.jpeg:
-
ffmpeg -f image2 -pattern_type glob -framerate 12 -i 'foo-*.jpeg' -s WxH foo.avi -
ffmpeg -i test1.avi -i test2.avi -map 1:1 -map 1:0 -map 0:1 -map 0:0 -c copy -y test12.nut -
The resulting output file test12.nut will contain the first four streams -from the input files in reverse order. -
-ffmpeg -i myfile.avi -b 4000k -minrate 4000k -maxrate 4000k -bufsize 1835k out.m2v -
ffmpeg -i src.ext -lmax 21*QP2LAMBDA dst.ext -
ffmpeg-all, -ffplay, ffprobe, -ffmpeg-utils, -ffmpeg-scaler, -ffmpeg-resampler, -ffmpeg-codecs, -ffmpeg-bitstream-filters, -ffmpeg-formats, -ffmpeg-devices, -ffmpeg-protocols, -ffmpeg-filters -
- -The FFmpeg developers. -
-For details about the authorship, see the Git history of the project
-(https://git.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg), e.g. by typing the command
-git log in the FFmpeg source directory, or browsing the
-online repository at https://git.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg.
-
Maintainers for the specific components are listed in the file -MAINTAINERS in the source code tree. -
- -- This document was generated using makeinfo. -
-