 16, 9144–9154 (2008).
K. Ko, A. Kumar, K. Fung, R. Ambekar, G. Liu, N. Fang, and K. Toussaint, “Nonlinear optical response from arrays of Au bowtie nanoantennas,” Nano Lett. 11, 61–65 (2011).
H. Kollmann, X. Piao, M. Esmann, S. F. Becker, D. Hou, C. Huynh, L.-O. Kautschor, G. Bösker, H. Vieker, A. Beyer, A. Gölzhäuser, P. Namkyoo, R. Vogelgesang, M. Silies, and C. Lienau, “Toward plasmonics with nanometer precision: nonlinear optics of helium-ion milled gold nanoantennas,” Nano Lett. 14, 4778–4784 (2014).
P. Biagioni, B. Hecht, and J.-S. Huang, “Nanoantennas for visible and infrared radiation,” Rep. Prog. Phys. 75, 024402 (2012).
D. Brinks, M. Castro-Lopez, R. Hildner, and N. F. van Hulst, “Plasmonic antennas as design elements for coherent ultrafast nanophotonics,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 110, 18386–18390 (2013).
M. McMahon, R. Lopez, R. Haglund, E. Ray, and P. Bunton, “Second-harmonic generation from arrays of symmetric gold nanoparticles,” Phys. Rev. B 73, 041401 (2006).
H. Aouani, M. Rahmani, M. Navarro-Ca, and S. A. Maier, “Third-harmonic-upconversion enhancement from a single semiconductor nanoparticle coupled to a plasmonic antenna,” Nat. Nanotechnol. 9, 290–294 (2014).
T. Hanke, J. Cesar, V. Knittel, A. Trügler, U. Hohenester, A. Leitenstorfer, and R. Bratschitsch, “Tailoring spatiotemporal light confinement in single plasmonic nanoantennas,” Nano Lett. 12, 992–996 (2012).
S. Kim, J. Jin, Y. Kim, I. Park, Y. Kim, and S. Kim, “High-harmonic generation by resonant plasmon field enhancement,” Nature 453, 757–760 (2008).
A. Bouhelier, R. Bachelot, G. Lerondel, S. Kostcheev, P. Royer, and G. Wiederrecht, “Surface plasmon characteristics of tunable photoluminescence in single gold nanorods,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 267405 (2005).
V. Knittel, M. Fischer, T. de Roo, S. Mecking, A. Leitenstorfer, and D. Brida, “Nonlinear photoluminescence spectrum of single gold nanostructures,” ACS Nano 9, 894–900 (2015).
J. Wang, Y. Chen, X. Chen, J. Hao, M. Yan, and M. Qiu, “Photothermal reshaping of gold nanoparticles in a plasmonic absorber,” Opt. Express 19, 14726–14734 (2011).
X. Zhu, C. Vannahme, E. Højlund-Nielsen, N. A. Mortensen, and A. Kristensen, “Plasmonic colour laser printing,” Nat. Nanotechnol. 11, 325–329 (2015).
M. S. Tame, K. R. McEnery, K. Özdemir, J. Lee, S. A. Maier, and M. S. Kim, “Quantum plasmonics,” Nat. Phys. 9, 329–340 (2013).
M. Kaniber, K. Schraml, A. Regler, J. Bartl, G. Glashagen, F. Flassig, J. Wierzbowski, and J. J. Finley, “Surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy of single bowtie nano-antennas using a differential reflectivity method,” Sci. Rep. 6, 23203 (2016).
D. Fromm, A. Sundaramurthy, P. Schuck, G. Kino, and W. E. Moerner, “Gap-dependent optical coupling of single bowtie nanoantennas resonant in the visible,” Nano Lett. 4, 957–961 (2004).
K. Schraml, M. Spiegl, M. Kammerlocher, G. Bracher, J. Bartl, T. Campbell, J. Finley, and M. Kaniber, “Optical properties and interparticle coupling of plasmonic bowtie nanoantennas on a semiconducting substrate,” Phys. Rev. B 90, 035435 (2014).
Lumerical Solutions, Inc., 2013, http://www.lumerical.com/tcad-products/fdtd/.
F. Wen, Y. Zhang, S. Gottheim, N. S. King, Y. Zhang, P. Nordlander, and N. J. Halas, “Charge transfer plasmons: optical frequency conductances and tunable infrared resonances,” ACS Nano 9, 6428–6435 (2015).
A. L. Koh, K. Bao, I. Khan, W. E. Smith, G. Kothleitner, P. Nordlander, S. A. Maier, and D. W. McComb, “Electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) of surface plasmons in single silver nanoparticles and dimers: influence of beam damage and mapping of dark modes,” ACS Nano 3, 3015–3022 (2009).
A. L. Koh, A. I. Fernández-Domínguez, D. W. McComb, S. A. Maier, and J. K. Yang, “High-resolution mapping of electron-beam-excited plasmon modes in lithographically defined gold nanostructures,” Nano Lett. 11, 1323–1330 (2011).
P. Nordlander, C. Oubre, E. Prodan, K. Li, and I. Stockman, “Plasmon hybridization in nanoparticle dimers,” Nano Lett. 4, 899–903 (2004).
D. Marinica, A. Kazansky, P. Nordlander, J. Aizpurua, and A. G. Borisov, “Quantum plasmonics: nonlinear effects in the field enhancement of a plasmonic nanoparticle dimer,” Nano Lett. 12, 1333–1339 (2012).
N. Liu, F. Wen, Y. Zhao, Y. Wang, P. Nordlander, N. J. Halas, and A. Aluì, “Individual nanoantennas loaded with three-dimensional optical nanocircuits,” Nano Lett. 13, 142–147 (2013).
A. Fiore, V. Berger, E. Rosencher, P. Bravetti, and J. Nagle, “Phase matching using an isotropic nonlinear optical material,” Nature 391, 463–466 (1998).
R. J. Pressley, Handbook of Lasers (Chemical Rubber, 1971).
M. L. Trolle, G. Seifert, and T. G. Pedersen, “Theory of excitonic second-harmonic generation in monolayer MoS2,” Phys. Rev. B 89, 1–8 (2014).
D. R. Ward, N. K. Grady, C. S. Levin, N. J. Halas, Y. Wu, P. Nordlander, and D. Natelson, “Electromigrated nanoscale gaps for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,” Nano Lett. 7, 1396–1400 (2007).
A. Stolz, J. Berthelot, M. M. Mennemanteuil, G. Colas Des Francs, L. Markey, V. Meunier, and A. Bouhelier, “Nonlinear photon-assisted tunneling transport in optical gap antennas,” Nano Lett. 14, 2330–2338 (2014).
Colas Des Francs, G.
de Roo, T.
Pressley, R. J.
Trolle, M. L.
Fig. 1. (a) Normalized differential reflectivity spectra and corresponding simulated scattering cross sections of pristine bowtie nanoantennas with s=140 nm and g=6 nm, g=14 nm, and g=30 nm in black, red, and blue, respectively. Inset: SEM image of pristine bowtie (scale bar=50 nm). (b) Spectrally integrated nonlinear intensity of pristine bowties as a function of peak power density upon 1, first; 2, second; and 3, third illumination with fs laser light. Inset: schematic illustration of the experimental setup, where (1) and (2) denote a linear polarizer and short-pass filter, respectively. (c) SEM images of bowties before (top) and after (bottom) fs-illumination (scale bar=50 nm).
Fig. 2. (a) Simulated scattering cross sections for pristine bowtie, fs-illuminated, and intentionally connected antenna in blue, red, and green, respectively. Insets: (i, ii) SEM