 transfusions and other medical procedures for survival.
One/both parents carrying the mutated beta-globin chain gene.
What are the symptoms thalassemia?
Symptoms of thalassemia are usually seen before the child is two years of age. Anemia occurs in the first few months after birth and becomes progressively severe. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent fatality.
The most common signs and symptoms of thalassemia include paleness, fussiness, jaundiced complexion, susceptibility to infections, low appetite and enlarged organs (usually the spleen).
At birth, a baby with thalassemia may seem normal because the haemoglobin at this stage is mostly fetal haemoglobin (HbF). Since HbF has only two alpha chains and two gamma chains (unlike haemoglobin A which has two alpha and two beta chains) the baby does not show any symptoms of thalassemia. However, anemia starts occurring in the first few months after birth. The baby may become pale and tired, often failing to feed properly from exhaustion, and has frequent episodes of fever, vomiting and diarrhea.
The first diagnosis for thalassemia is usually via a Complete Blood Count (CBC) and hemoglobin electrophoresis.
Doctors usually diagnose thalassemia with a Complete Blood Count (CBC) and hemoglobin electrophoresis. Pathologists may examine the Red Blood Cells (RBCs) to check if the RBCs are misshapen. Abnormal RBCs are a sign of thalassemia. The hemoglobin electrophoresis separates out the different molecules in the RBCs aiding in identifying the abnormal type.
Blood tests: Complete Blood Count (CBC) and hemoglobin electrophoresis.
Genetic analysis: to check for the beta-globin chain gene mutation.
What is the Available Treatment for thalassemia?
Blood transfusion, iron-chelation and a non-iron diet along with dietary supplements comprise available treatment.
Prior to commencement of any line of treatment, a thorough DNA testing is required to decide the accurate line of treatment because each individual varies in DNA patterns.
Blood transfusion of packed cells is the line of treatment available to treat anemia in thalassemia. Blood is cross-matched with the individual’s blood group and washed, packed, leucocyte-poor cells are preferred for blood transfusion. The blood should be screened stringently for HIV-1, HIV-2, HTLV-1, HTLV-2, Hepatitis-B, Hepatitis-C, and syphilis along with compatibility testing (COOMBS test). Children and adults with thalassemia usually require two units of blood every two weeks.
Apart from regular blood transfusion, individuals with thalassemia require regular iron-chelation therapy because repeated and frequent blood transfusions lead to iron build-up in the blood and vital organs. Iron overload can cause serious damage to the cardiac, hepatic, musculo-skeletal and endocrine systems leading to complications like arrhythmia, impaired liver function, bone malformations, arthritis, diabetes and impaired reproductive system.
Deferoxamine: Is a subcutaneous infusion via pump given nocturnally over 8-10 hours per night. The number of vials required is calculated on the individual’s body weight and serum ferritin levels.
Deferasirox: Is an oral chelator in the form of a daily pill taken once-a-day with water or fruit juice. Some of the side effects of the oral chelator are usually vomiting, diarrhea and occasional joint pains.
Deferiprone: Is another iron chelator available as tablets/capsules to be taken usually three times a day. Some of the side effects include White Blood Cell (WBC) reduction, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, heartburn, stomach pain and joint pain.
Apart from regular blood transfusion and iron-chelation, it is advised to be on a low-iron diet avoiding foods rich in non-soluble iron like red meat, jaggery, and ragi (finger millet). Greens like spinach are allowed as the iron is water soluble. Drinking weak tea during mealtimes helps prevent iron absorption. Vitamin C is recommended as also folic acid depending on the individual’s age and body weight.
In many cases, doctors also recommend a spleenectomy to remove the spleen to prevent the individual from losing RBCs. Spleenectomy also implies a lower immune system as the spleen usually fights certain types of bacteria. In these cases, doctors recommend regular vaccines like pneumococcal vaccine to prevent pneumonia, influenza vaccine, hepatitis A and B vaccines and typhoid vaccine.
Bone marrow transplant: from a compatible donor (usually a matched sibling or matched unrelated donor. Risks include susceptibility to infections and rejection of host marrow.
At present, the US FDA (Food and Drug Administration) has approved gene therapy trial in which blood stem cells will be extracted from the individual’s system and then introduced with a vector containing a functional beta-globin gene. The vector here is a disabled viral vector. Low-dose chemotherapy will be given to the individual to suppress his/her immune system and finally the genetically engineered stem cells will be infused back. The clinical trials are still on at Memorial Sloan Kettering, Boston and St. Jude’s hospital, Memphis. This therapy is indeed the most promising curative for thalassemia.
Very good. It will help Thalassemia children and parents to learn more about Thalassemia.
to day i saw your website on internet and i am very impress that u trying to treat thalassemia. i have a problumb that i want to tell you i have 9mounth baby he hase thalassemia Major we tried alot to treat him but invain becouse we also tried for Bone marrow transplant but his brother and sister bothe result wer matchless now we want to know abt any other treatment which serve our child in this case we need ur help if u have any treatment or know abt any perfect treatment please inform us i will be waiting for your reply.
what is difference between bonemarrow & Cord blood stem cell transplantation? Which is the successful method or the estimated successful percentage for this? I thank Dr. Revathi Raj for hard work for his big acheivement. I am a father of 2+ Thalasemic boy.
Dr.Reavathy Raj is a great expert in the field of Hematology. She tailors treatments that will best suit the individual patients. She is Great.
The process of removing heavy metals from the body is known as Chelation Therapy. Learn more about the medical procedure of chelation therapy.
What to do with Caps?

It seems to me like spending Caps to raise Relic levels is a bit of a waste unless you really just have nothing else to spend them on.

I'm sitting on 2,300 Caps because I've purchased every Bundle that has ever been released so far, but I don't know what to do with them.

I can apparently buy everything in the Oddity Shop for 2,200 Caps, except for the one that plays the music from SD1 which doesn't have an option to be purchased with Caps.

Should I do that? I mean I'm still grinding for Class Relics right now, currently up to Blademaster, so I'm not very far at all, haven't even gotten to 1k in PL and only 3k in Castle, so actually getting those with Gold would be a looooong ways off.

I only have the last two Upgrades in the Tavern left, and I have almost 300m Gold at the moment so I'm halfway to buying them.

Is there anything in the future that I'm not aware of that I should save Caps for?Removable insole.. EVA midsole for a cushioned feel.. Rubber outsole for added durability.. Imported.. Measurements:.. Weight: 6 oz... Product measurements were taken using size 7 Big Kid, width M. Please note that measurements may vary by size.. Weight of footwear is based on a single item, not a pair.From Photokina: If you're into digiscoping, KOWA will be known to you as a manufacturer of high quality spectives.
They have announced to introduce 350 f/4, 500 f/5,6 and 850 f/9,6 telephoto lenses, that can be adapted to mFT mount.
The lenses consist of flourite crystal, have two seperate focus drives for quick manual focussing and a four digit price tag (according to Reinhard Wagner of oly-e.de).
Sorry, no plans to adapt the lenses to FT mount.
Look at the size of those tripods, which are needed to prevent camera shake for use of these lenses. If you need to use such a big lens together with a big tripod, what is the point of using a compact camera such as the PEN?
The point is to inform...
Well, most dSLRs are absolutely terrible for manual focusing, micro 4/3 are not. Once the prominence of auto-focus meant that cameras no longer had that weird focus grid thing such that the picture looked all granulated unless it was perfectly in focus (I have no idea what it was called), manual focus became really really hard to do on a moving object. Manual focus in live view is easier because the image can be magnified to 5x or so, making it much easier to tell if something is in focus.
Micro 4/3 are about the only cameras currently made which are going to do reasonably well with manual focus on super telephoto lenses.
That said, a 350 f4 manual focus lens on micro 4/3 probably doesn't make as much sense as a 300 f4 on a mid-range canon, nikon, or pentax d