 support. «Besides the home companies with which we had started in the course of the years – underlines still Emanuele Gaiani – were signed also important partnership agreements with outstanding foreign companies in the sector, some of which are lasting still today on exclusive basis in our competence area». Concerning this, just to make an example, we might mention Emco Group (Emco Italia – Emco Famup and Emco MecofF) for stock removal machines, Meba for band sawing machines and Pullmax, Baykal and HM Scantool for the sheet metal working.
The Pullmax X97 chamfering machine proposed by F.lli Gaiani.
Today F.lli Gaiani employs 11 people and avails itself of various external collaborators for the sale activity, as well as some corporate realities able to offer a support in the service, overhaul and in the attainment of the conformity with the regulations in force regarding machinery. In this context the commitment lavished by the whole organization is aimed at enhancing the quality of products and services proposed to customers. This in order to approach the market with the best instruments to face the new challenges issued on the market. «All that – states Gaiani – without forgetting the guidelines that have always accompanied our growth over the last few years. Like for instance the availability of the chamfering machine Pullmax X97, nowadays indispensable machinery in mechanical steel structural works». Those who already know the “Pullmax” method appreciate its qualities, such as the excellent machining, the best environmental conditions, the elimination of sparks and noises. As a matter of fact, X97 operates silently and the sound emission, at full load, reaches 35 Db (A) maximum. The operator needs no protections and he is not exposed to fumes or vapours. The chamfering machine essentially operates like a rotary shears but with a single cutter, the piece feed in the machine is automatically executed. The method can be used for “X”-, “V”-, “Y”- and “K”-shaped joints, with variable chamfering angle from 25° to 55° (the angle can be easily read by a graduated scale and a high precision degree is assured) and maximum chamfering width equal to 25 in a 390 N/mm² a steel sheet. Since the machining is executed without heat, the cutting surface remains clean and unchanged by chemical products, making the machine suitable for machining aluminium and stainless steel. Another distinguishing aspect is the machine position, which can be varied to adapt it to the shape, to the weight and the dimension of the piece, besides the standard position, in fact, it can be suspended in both ordinary and upside down position. If the machine is suspended, instead of introducing the workpiece into the machine, we can move the latter along the component. The flask, during the rotation, is hanged to a crane, thus permitting its lateral displacement. If it is difficult, owing to the piece sizes, to reach the standard controls, the machine itself can be equipped with a remote control. It is also possible to chamfer circular pieces with a diameter exceeding mm 300 through the use of apposite equipment consisting of a guide roller and an adjustment device.
Automatic Meba band sawing machine model 335 G distributed by F.lli Gaiani at Desio (MB).
Still proposed by F.lli Gaiani, there are also Meba sawing machines. Machines that, after a continuous evolution in the product range and in the intrinsic plant structure, last year reached a very important target with the marketing of the models called E-Cut 400. We are talking about executions that provide both for semi-automatic and automatic machines. «The main characteristic of these products – explains Emanuele Gaiani – is the almost total absence of hydraulic elements, with the introduction of electrical devices that manage cutting operations inside the structure». With the new Numerical Control system characterized by a screen, it is possible to input a standard cutting library including a total of 50 programmes. The presence of electrical devices, besides making the machine much more efficient and precise in machining, almost annuls the energy consumption in comparison with standard sawing machines, thus influencing an important cost centre in the productive ambit like today the energy ambit proves to be, in a Country where this resource has one of the highest costs in Europe.
Excited to share my photos of Ireland. Well, just the favorites since I have over 1500! My brother and I recently enjoyed our first international road trip together. We arrived in Dublin and traveled through the countryside to Killarney. If you envision Ireland to be miles upon miles of green pastures and ruins of castles, you would be correct. Enjoy a few favorites from the first two days and scroll down to the bottom for our itinerary.
• Watch sunset at the Cliffs!
Beautiful photographs!! Makes me want to visit!!!Walnuts along with pecans have what are referred to as â€œantioxidantsâ€ which are essentially certain properties that are able to fight off bacteria and disease in the body when they are ingested. There are many different types of foods that are loaded with antioxidants, including pecans.
Those who want to stay as healthy as possible will definitely need to make sure that they eat a decent amount of nuts on a regular basis; they are an extremely important part of a balanced diet and contain antioxidants which are good for keeping your body healthy. Antioxidants have even been proven to help in the prevention of certain types of cancer among other health problems.
Is Broccoli Part of the Cabbage Family?Five-Year Soil Respiration Reflected Soil Quality Evolution in Different Forest and Grassland Vegetation Types in the Eastern Loess Plateau of China

Soil CO2 efflux in forest and grassland over 5 years from 2005 to 2009 in a semiarid mountain area of the Loess plateau, China, was measured. The aim was to compare the soil respiration and its annual and inter-annual responses to the changes in soil temperature and soil water content between the two vegetation types for observing soil quality evolution. The differences among the five study years were the annual precipitation (320.1, 370.5, 508.8, 341.6, and 567.4 mm in 2005–2009, respectively) and annual distribution. The results showed that the seasonal change of soil respiration in both vegetation types was similar and controlled by soil temperature and soil water content. The mean soil respiration across 5 years in the forest (3.78 2.68 mmol CO2 m 2 s ) was less than that in the grassland (4.04 3.06 mmol CO2 m 2 s ), and the difference was significant. The drought soil in summer depressed soil respiration substantially. The Q10 value across 5-year measurements was 2.89 and 2.94 for forest and grassland. When soil water content was between wilting point (WP) and field capacity (FC), the Q10 in both types increased with increasing soil water content, and when soil water content dropped to below WP, soil respiration and the Q10 decreased substantially. Although an exponential model was well fitted to predict the annual mean soil respiration for each single year data, it overestimated and underestimated soil respiration, respectively, in drought conditions and after rain for short periods of time during the year. The two-variable models including temperature and water content variables could be well used to predict soil respiration for both types in all weather conditions. The models proposed are useful for understanding and predicting potential changes in the eastern part of Loess plateau in response to climate change.


Introduction
Soil CO 2 efflux, also known as soil respiration including respiration of plant roots, the rhizosphere, microbes, and fauna, has recently received considerable interest because of its importance in the global carbon cycle and potential feedbacks to climate change and soil quality evolution [1], and its accurate quantification has significant implications for ecosystem carbon balances [2] and climate change [3]. On a global scale, mean soil respiration varies widely within and among major vegetation biomes [4], suggesting that vegetation types influence the rate of soil respiration [5]. Differences in soil respiration observed among vegetation types can be explained largely by differences in temperature and moisture and land use change among vegetation biomes [6]. Soil respiration rates correlate significantly with mean annual air temperatures, mean annual precipitation, and with the interaction of the two variables. In addition to soil temperature and soil water content, landscape structure, soil texture, stand characteristics, and substrate quality as well as forest age all affect soil respiration and quality because of their difference in soil carbon and nutrient accumulation as well as soil enzyme activity [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].
By collecting the data from published studies where soil respiration rates were measured simultaneously in two or more plant communities located on the same soil type and in similar topographic positions, Raich and Tufekcioglu [5] found no predictable differences in soil respiration between cropped and vegetation-free soils, between forested and cropped soils, or between grassland and cropped soils. But they found that coniferous forest had $10% lower rate of soil respiration than did adjacent broad-leaved forests growing on the same soil type, and grassland had $20% higher soil respiration rates than did comparable forest stands. From a case study over the main climatic zones of China, spanning from alpine to temperate to tropical, Zheng et al. [12] reported that ecosystems of different vegetation types showed different Q 10 values, ranging from 1.28 to 4.75, which were primarily determined by soil temperature, soil organic carbon content, and ecosystem types. Small-scale spatial variation in soil respiration was reported by Maestre and Cortina [13]. They found significant differences in CO 2 efflux between different soil cover types.
Studies on soil respiration have been made in East Asia [14,15], but there have been comparatively fewer research reports in the Loess plateau