 death of the family of Imam Hussain, the grandson of the Prophet, at the battle of Karbala in 680 AD, at the hands of the Umayyad Caliphate.
Purportedly, the Federal and provincial Governments in Pakistan had made 'fool proof security arrangements' for Muharram this year. The Sindh Government had imposed a ban on pillion riding in Karachi, Hyderabad, Sukkur and Larkana. Cell phone services had been suspended in major cities, including Karachi, as a security measure during the observance of Muharram. The Sindh Government had allocated more than PKR 100 million for overall security during the month. A total of 27,942 personnel had been deployed in Karachi alone. Of these, 18,557 were in static deployments, 1,661 were located at pickets, 5,724 on Police vans, and 2,000 as a Reserve Force in the metropolis. Similarly, 6,294 Policemen had been deployed in the Hyderabad range; 2,276 in Mirpurkhas; 7,623 in Benazirabad; 9,488 in Sukkur; and 10,791 in the Larkana Range. The Sindh Government had declared 1,229 majalis (religious gatherings), 384 matmi (mourning) processions and 188 tazia (replica's of Imam Hussain's tomb) processions, as'most sensitive' all over the Province, and announced a three layer security cordon for processions and majalis.
Among the 36 Districts of Punjab, 12 Districts - - were also declared "most sensitive".
A 'comprehensive security plan' had also been prepared for Imambargahs and Ashura (the 10th Day of Muharram, on which Imam Hussain was killed) processions in Balochistan and its capital Quetta. Balochistan has experienced continuous violence and targeted killings of Shia Hazaras. Speaking at a Press Conference last week, Imtiaz Shah, Deputy Inspector General, Quetta, told the media that over 5,000 security personnel, including those from the Frontier Corps and three battalions of the Army, were deployed around Imambargahs and along the routes of mourning processions. Another three Army battalions would remain on stand-by. Senior Police officers aboard two helicopters would monitor the main Muharram processions on the 9th and 10th day of mourning, while around 2,500 Policemen and personnel of law-enforcement agencies had already been deployed at 56 Imambargahs and another 14 places where women's Majalis are held. 23 Imambargahs in the city had been declared'very sensitive'.
Similarly, the KP Police had declared Peshawar, Hangu, Kohat and Dera Ismail Khan as the most sensitive Districts for Muharram. According to a statement issued by the Police, 429 Muharram processions were to be taken out in the Province, and 940 majalis were authorized during the month. The Police had identified 129 'trouble spots' on procession routes across the Province. The provincial capital has 67 Imambargahs, from where 121 processions were to be taken out on the 9th and 10th of Muharram.
Despite claims of all these 'fool proof' arrangements, sectarian terrorists have succeeded in engineering two major strikes.
At least part of the problem has been the long standing support sectarian formations have received from the larger Sunni community and from state agencies. Malik Ishaq, the LeJ chief, before his killing on July 29, 2015, had benefited from the Punjab Government's financial assistance ever since Shahbaz Sharif took charge as Chief Minister of the Province in 2008. Malik Ishaq also allegedly received a monthly stipend from the Punjab Government during his imprisonment. Punjab Law Minister Rana Sanaullah confirmed the disbursement but clarified that it was given to Ishaq's family, and not to him, as per Court orders. Upon further investigation, however, it was discovered that there was no such Court order pertaining to the matter. No such disbursement was on record during President Musharraf's tenure.
Meanwhile, on September 20, 2015, the Sindh Government received details about 62 banned sectarian organisations from Federal authorities. Bank accounts of 13 of these had been frozen and offices of just nine had been sealed. In a report sent to the Chief Minister Office, Officials in Interior Ministry (MoI) mentioned that the Ministry had sent some specific details of the organisations to the Province for further action. They stated that the MoI had also sent category-wise sketch details of the banned groups. Forty-three such organisations were listed in the 'A' category, 12 in the 'B' category and seven others in the 'C' category. Referring to the report, the officials added that 17 organisations among the 43 had been categorised under 'anti-state terrorism (armed and anti-state)'. However, the bank accounts of just one of these had been frozen.
Meanwhile, officials disclosed, intelligence agencies informed MoI about the re-emergence of 13 banned groups in Sindh. Five such groups - the most in a District in Sindh - had re-emerged in Mirpurkhas alone. Three each were documented to have resurfaced in Hyderabad and Korangi, and two in Karachi West.
The failure of the state to rein in sectarian terrorist formations is not surprising. Pakistan has long supported Sunni sectarian and terrorist groups as instruments, both, of foreign policy and of domestic political management. Efforts by state agencies to rein in some of these groups remain selective and, at best, only partly effective. Sunni groups with ties to state agencies continue to enjoy substantial freedom of operation to act across national borders, as well as at least a wink and a nod for some of their domestic (sectarian) activities.
Tushar Ranjan Mohanty is a Research Associate, Institute for Conflict Management
Source: South Asia Intelligence Reviewmodule RequestParamsValidation
  module Params
    module Validators
      module Inclusion
        def validate_inclusion!
          include_in = param.inclusion.in

          unless include_in.include?(value)
            raise_error(
              :on_invalid_parameter_inclusion,
              include_in: include_in,
              details: param.inclusion.message || default_invalid_inclusion_message(include_in)
            )
          end
        end

        def default_invalid_inclusion_message(include_in)
          if param.element_of_array?
            "All elements values of the array should be in #{include_in}"
          else
            "Value should be in #{include_in}"
          end
        end
      end
    end
  end
end
The among its agents was published in MovilZona.The development of mechanically functional cartilage and bone tissue constructs of clinically relevant size, as well as their integration with native tissues, remains an important challenge for regenerative medicine. The objective of this study was to assess adult human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in large, three-dimensionally woven poly(ε-caprolactone; PCL) scaffolds in proximity to viable bone, both in a nude rat subcutaneous pouch model and under simulated conditions in vitro. In Study I, various scaffold permutations—PCL alone, PCL-bone, “point-of-care” seeded MSC-PCL-bone, and chondrogenically precultured Ch-MSC-PCL-bone constructs—were implanted in a dorsal, ectopic pouch in a nude rat. After 8 weeks, only cells in the Ch-MSC-PCL constructs exhibited both chondrogenic and osteogenic gene expression profiles. Notably, although both tissue profiles were present, constructs that had been chondrogenically precultured prior to implantation showed a loss of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) as well as the presence of mineralization along with the formation of trabecula-like structures. In Study II of the study, the GAG loss and mineralization observed in Study I in vivo were recapitulated in vitro by the presence of either nearby bone or osteogenic culture medium additives but were prevented by a continued presence of chondrogenic medium additives. These data suggest conditions under which adult human stem cells in combination with polymer scaffolds synthesize functional and phenotypically distinct tissues based on the environmental conditions and highlight the potential influence that paracrine factors from adjacent bone may have on MSC fate, once implanted in vivo for chondral or osteochondral repair.
When you’re up super early, the last thing you want to worry about is what to wear. And when you’re going to be spending the day rummaging through other people’s junk, you at least want to be comfy. And if you’re going to be wading through junk, you may as well look good doing it.
We had some super harsh light at our shoot site today, so we’re going all black and white shots. Spoiler alert: my whole outfit was white and black anyway.
It's because there's actually a used market for them. Who would ever want a used Ford Taurus or Chevy Impala? I don't even know who would want to by them new. 

A charger?  

The Challenger is successful for just staying true to what people want out of an American sporty/muscle car. The people behind the Camaro and Mustang apparently got tired of losing to BMW in the magazines and decided to chase a goal that really only appeased journalists. 

The 300 is an